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WORDS    USED    IN 


MANLEY     AND     CORRINGHAM 


(LINCOLNSHIRE). 


VOL.    I. 


ENGLISH     DIALECT     SOCIETY. 


O  R  K  S  HI  R, 


Cmwlctntt    (NORFOLK 


SKETCH    MAP    OF    LINCOLNSHIRE. 


A    GLOSSARY   OF   WORDS 


USED    IN    THE    WAPENTAKES    OF 


MANLEY  AND  CORKINGHAM, 


LINCOLNSHIRE. 


SECOND  EDITION. 

REVISED   AND   CONSIDERABLY   ENLARGED. 


BY 


EDWAKD  PEACOCK,  F.S.A. 


Parle  patois,  s'  il  le  faut.     II  n'  y  a  pas  de  sottes  langues  ;  et  le  Saint- 
Esprit  les  parle  toutes. — JOSEPH  Roux,  Nouvelles  Pensees. 


VOL    I. 


LONDON : 
PUBLISHED    FOR    THE    ENGLISH    DIALECT     SOCIETY 

BY    TRUBNEE   &   CO.,   LUDGATE    HILL. 
1889. 


I    DEDICATE    THESE    COLLECTIONS    OF    MANY    YEARS    TO 


GEORGINA  F.  JACKSON, 


SCHOLAR-LIKE    DIALECT    DICTIONARY 


IN    OUR   TONGUE. 


BOTTESFORD    MANOR,    BRIGG, 

Feast  of  St.  Mary  Magdalen,  1888. 


CONTENTS 


A  Glossary  of   words   used   in   the 

Wapentakes   of   Manley  and  CJorrlngham 

Lincolnshire. 

oy  Sdvrard   Peacock.    (Revised  and  enlarged  ed.) 


f- 

fnsM  ^o  asrff 

Toc 

. 


CONTENTS. 


PREFACE ix-xvi 

GLOSSARY        ..     ..     i^-S0? 


PREFACE. 


"  It  is  a  mistake  to  imagine  that  the  Dialects  are  everywhere  corruptions 
of  the  literary  language.  Even  in  England  the  local  patois  have  many  forms 
which  are  more  primitive  than  the  language  of  Shakspere,  and  the  richness 
of  their  vocabulary  surpasses,  on  many  points,  that  of  the  classical  writers  of 
any  period." — MAX  MULLER,  Lectures  on  the  Science  of  Language,  8th  Ed., 
1875.  P-  55- 

THE  following  Glossary  consists  exclusively  of  words 
now  or  formerly  in  use  in  the  Wapentakes  of  Manley 
and  Corringham — that  is  the  North  Western  corner  of 
Lincolnshire.  The  first  edition  was  published  by  the 
English  Dialect  Society  in  1877.  The  present  re-issue  has 
been  so  much  enlarged  and  modified  that  it  may  not  unfairly 
be  called  a  new  work.  It  contains  all  that  was  important 
in  the  first  edition,  except  certain  folk-lore  notes  and  a  few 
place-names.  These  have  been  omitted  because  they  ought 
not,  in  the  author's  opinion,  to  appear  in  a  dictionary  of 
dialect,  and  also  because  works  on  these  subjects  are  in 
preparation  which  will  deal  with  them  in  a  manner  far  more 
thorough  than  would  have  been  possible  in  these  pages 
without  swelling  the  volumes  to  an  extent  quite  out  of 
harmony  with  the  objects  which  the  English  Dialect  Society 
proposes  to  accomplish. 

The  author  has  been  engaged  in  collecting  the  materials 
from  which  this  word  list  is  compiled  for  more  than  thirty- 
five  years,  and  has  received  help  from  many  friends  and 
correspondents.  As  to  words  no  longer  known  to  be  in  use 
he  has  not  inserted  any  for  which  he  has  not  manuscript 
or  printed  authority.  The  words  quoted  from  Richard 


X  PREFACE. 

Bernard's  translation  of  Terence*  are  especially  noteworthy. 
Bernard  lived  at  Epworth,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  and  seems 
to  have  endeavoured  to  render  the  dialogue  into  the  common 
speech  with  which  he  was  familiar.  The  late  Thomas 
Hugh  Oldman,  Esq.,  of  Gainsburgh,  the  steward  of  the 
manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  gave  the  author  unrestricted 
access  to  the  long  series  of  court-rolls  of  that  manor. 
Gravenor  Roadley,  Esq.,  the  lord  of  the  manor  of  Scotter, 
permitted  the  fullest  use  to  be  made  of  the  records  in  his 
possession. t  The  court  rolls  of  the  manor  of  BottesfordJ  are 
the  author's  own  property,  and  have  supplied  some  good 
examples  of  disused  words.  Some  manorial  records  of  the 
manor  of  Keadby  are  in  his  possession  by  the  gift  of  a  friend, 
and  he  has  also  been  permitted  to  examine  certain  original 
wills  of  the  sixteenth  century  relating  to  the  district.  A  survey 
was  made  of  the  manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  in  1616,  by  John 
Norden,  John  Thorpe,,  and  John  Norden,  jun.  A  contem- 
porary copy  of  this  valuable  document  is  preserved  in  the 
public  library  at  Cambridge. §  Of  this  the  author  has  a 
transcript  which  has  been  found  of  much  service.  Another 
survey  of  this  manor  was  made  in  1787.  The  original  is 
preserved  among  the  records  of  the  Duchy  of  Cornwall. 
A  few  copies  of  this  document  have  been  privately  printed. 
From  it  the  author  has  gleaned  some  words  now  obsolete, 
or  rapidly  becoming  so.  The  late  Mr.  J.  Ellett  Brogden's 
Provincial  Words  and  Expressions  Current  in  Lincolnshire  has 
been  of  much  service.  No  word,  however,  has  been  inserted 
on  its  authority  which  the  author  does  not  know  to  be  in 
use,  or  to  have  been  used  within  the  district.  Of  this  little 
book  the  Rev.  Joseph  Thomas  Fowler  lent  the  author  an 
interleaved  copy ;  from  it  he  gleaned  many  words  for  the 

*  The  Edition  is  the  5th,  1629;  410. 

I  Notes  from  these  Rolls  occur  in  Arch&ologia,  vol.  xlvi.,  pp.  371-388. 
t  See  A  rchcEologia,  vol.  1.,  pp.  371-382.  §  Ff.  4-30. 


PREFACE.  XI 

first  edition  which  would  certainly  have  otherwise  been 
missed.  The  Rev.  Professor  Skeat  was  also  helpful  with 
that  edition  in  more  ways  than  can  be  named. 

On  the  publication  of  the  first  edition  the  Rev.  Edward 
Synge  Wilson,  vicar  of  Winterton,  at  once  undertook  the 
task  of  annotating  and  making  additions.  These  most 
useful  collections  have  been  handed  over  to  the  author. 
He  has,  moreover,  received  words,  examples,  and  useful 
suggestions  from  Sir  Charles  Henry  John  Anderson,  of  L  ea 
Hall,  Baronet ;  Alfred  Atkinson,  Esq.,  and  Miss  Atkinson, 
of  Brigg ;  C.  C.  Bell,  Esq.,  of  Epworth ;  Alexander  John 
Ellis,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A. ;  James  Fowler,  Esq.,  of  Liphook, 
Hampshire;  the  Rev.  John  Clare  Hudson, Vicar  of  Thornton, 
near  Horncastle;  the  Rev.  Charles  Knowles,  Rector  of 
Winteringham ;  Walter  Nicholson,  Esq.,  of  Sidcup,  and 
John  Sykes,  Esq.,  M.D.,  F.S.A.,  of  Doncaster.  The  late 
William  England  Hewlett,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  and  the  late  Rev. 
Edward  Saint  Leger,  Rector  of  Scotton,  were  very  helpful 
with  the  first  edition  and  supplied  the  author  with  some 
additions  for  the  present  one. 

It  may  be  well,  in  conclusion,  to  note  that  nearly  all  the 
references  to  Shakspere  are  adapted  to  the  Globe  Edition, 
where  the  lines  are  numbered,  and,  to  repeat  the  concluding 
sentence  of  the  preface  of  1877,  "  The  examples  have  not 
been  coined  for  the  purpose  of  this  work,  but  are,  in  almost 
every  case,  the  exact  form  of  words  which  I  or  the  friends 
who  have  helped  me  have  heard  used." 

Persons  studying  the  dialect  of  Manley  and  Corringham, 
for  philological  purposes,  must  bear  in  mind  that 'the  vowel 
sounds  of  many  of  the  words  are  still  in  a  fluent  state. 
Sometimes  the  variation  is  caused  by  the  conscious  choice 
of  the  speaker,  but  usually  it  seems  to  depend  on  some  law 
which  has  yet  to  be  defined.  As  examples  of  the  various 
forms  one  word  assumes  I  may  mention  : 


PREFACE. 


Maake)  Taake)  Caame  ) 

Mak     ^r=Make.        Tak     h=Take.          Com       f=Came. 

Mek     J  Tek     J  Cum'd    ) 


and  broken.  Water 


C°urtinCurtain- 


Pleugh) 

Plew     Y  =  Plough. 

Ploo     J 

Other  words  possess  two  or  more  perfectly  interchangeable 
forms  as  — 


Earth)      TT^I,  Faather)      -Pofr10.  Naw) 

E'th      =Earth'  Feytherj  Noft    =No. 

No    J 

It  is  probable  that  at  an  earlier  time  one  form  of  these 
words  belonged  to  the  northern  and  north-western  borders  of 
the  district,  where  the  pronunciation  bears  a  greater  likeness 
to  the  dialect  of  Yorkshire,  than  does  that  of  the  south-lying 
parishes.  Whatever  the  cause  may  be,  it  seems  impossible 
to  lay  down  a  definite  rule  for  determining  the  phonetic  laws 
which  govern  the  dialect,  so  that  the  following  notes  must 
be  received  as  expressing  observed  tendencies,  not  as 
recording  fixed  characteristics. 


Mr.  Cole  has  already  remarked  on  the  tendency  of  vowel 
sounds  to  become  weak,*  and  has  furnished  a  useful  list  of 

*  Glossary  of  South-West  Lincolnshire,  p.  iii. 


PREFACE.  Xlll 

words  thus  modified,  to  which  many  more  might  be  added. 
Thus  After  becomes  Efter,  Fast,  in  Fasten-penny,  becomes 
Fest,  Had  becomes  Hed,  Make,  Mek,  Master,  M  ester,  and  Peel, 
Pil.  When  a  in  the  current  English  has  the  power  of  a  in 
what,  it  changes  in  the  Folk-  Speech  to  the  a  in  ant;  e.g., 
qualified,  squander,  squat,  swallow,  wad,  want,  wash  (which, 
however,  commonly  takes  the  form  of  w^sh),  and  watch. 

When  the  sound  is  that  of  a  in  labour,  rain,  etc.,  it 
lengthens  to  aa;  e.g.,  laabour,  raain.  Chain  and  drain  may 
become  chaain  or  chean,  and  draain  or  dredn. 

The  a  in  words  like  ask,  bath,  etc.,  is  pronounced  like  the 
a  in  ash.  The  "south-country"  broad  a  is  rarely  used  unless 
the  speaker  be  consciously  adapting  his  language  to  the  ears 
of  a  stranger. 

A  when  followed  by  r  is  sounded  like  the  a  in  carp;  e.g., 
quart,  swarm,  war,  warn. 


Ea  is  usually  pronounced  like  the  ea  in  real  ;  but  some 
words  such  as  breath,  feather,  leather,  heart,  ready,  steady, 
weather,  follow  the  ordinary  English  form.  Death,  bread, 
lead  (the  metal)  and  sweat  commonly  belong  to  this  class, 
but  are  occasionally  changed  into  death,  bread,  lead,  and 
sweat.  Great  is  sometimes  gret,  at  others  great  and  grut  ; 
earn,  learn,  and  concern,  become  arn,  larn,  and  concarn. 

The  ei  or  ey  often  lengthens  to  aa,  e.g.,  thaay,  naaighbour. 
The  ei  in  either  and  neither  becomes  ai  or  aait  e.g.,  naither 
naaither. 

The  double  e  sometimes  changes  to  the  ea  in  real;  e.g., 
teeth  may  become  teath,  and  keep,  keap,  but  often  retains  the 
classic  sound. 

E  or  ee  at  the  end  of  a  word  may  be  turned  in  ea  when 
it  is  emphatic  ;  otherwise  it  is  shortened  to  £. 


xiv  PREFACE. 

Ew,  ey,  and  ow  at  the  end  of  words  become  e,  a  (as  in  fan), 
or  ah,  and  are  usually  represented  in  print  by  a'  or  er. 

I 

The  vowel  i  before  gh  sometimes  changes  to  ei  (the  ei  as 
in  neighbour);  e.g.,  r  eight  for  right,  /eight  for  fight,  and 
sometimes  becomes  double  e  as  leet  for  light,  neet  for  night. 

O 

0  in  words  sounding  like  done,  come,  etc.,  changes  to  the  u 
in  bull;    e.g.,  dun,  cum.     One  and  once,  however,  have  the 
vowel  sounded  like  the'o  in  on,  preceded  by  a  w.     0  in  words 
like  broth,  soft,  cough,  sounds  like  o  in  dog.     The  pronunciation 
which  obtains  in  the  South  of  England  is  a  foreign  introduc- 
tion, and  is  rarely  heard  from  a  Lincolnshire  tongue. 

Oa  sounds  like  oo-a  quickly  pronounced,  and  is  generally 
written  oa. 

01  frequently  assumes  the  sound  of  the  ow  in  know,  which, 
for  the  sake  of  distinguishing  it  from  the  sound  of  ow  in  now, 
has  been  represented  by  oh  in  the  illustrative  sentences  in 
this  Glossary. 

Oo  is  generally  long,  but  foot,  stood,  and  some  other  words 
are  often  pronounced  in  the  ordinary  manner. 

Ow  frequently  becomes  oo ;  e.g.,  coo  (cow),  croon  (crown); 
or  aw,  as  craw  (crow);  maw  (mow).  See  Ey. 

U 

U  is  usually  pronounced  as  the  u  in  bull ;  e.g.,  butter,  but 
u  in  ywle,  duty,  and  some  other  words  sounds  like  ew  in  new, 
and  before  r  it  is  pronounced  in  the  current  fashion. 

Y 

Y  is  often  short  in  the  pronouns  my  and  thy,  sounding  like 
the  i  in  pin,  unless  emphasis  is  required,  but  is  long  in 
adverbs  ending  in  ly ;  e.g.,  sewer-Jy  for  surely,  accordin'-ty  for 
accordingly. 


PREFACE.  XV 

c 

The  final  ch  often  becomes  k  as  screek  for  screech,  thack  for 
thatch. 

D 

D  sometimes  becomes  th  as  father  for  fodder,  blether  for 
bladder. 

Dge  becomes  g  or  d  as  brig,  bridge,  rig,  ridge,  fligged, 
fledged,  sled,  sledge. 

G 

Gh  is  occasionally  guttural  in  pleugh,  plough,  and  beugh, 
bough,  but  the  sound  seems  to  be  dying  out. 

.,,,,,.  ,,„,,, ^  ^ 

H  is  rarely  heard  unless  emphasis  falls  on  it,  the  rule 
being  that  any  word  beginning  with  this  letter,  or  with  a 
vowel,  should  be  aspirated  when  stress  is  laid  on  it,  but  not 
otherwise. 

R 

R,  though  used  in  spelling  to  represent  the  dialetic  form 
of  ow  and  ew  at  the  end  of  words,  is  rarely  pronounced  with 
distinctness  unless  it  commences  a  syllable,  or  is  run  on 
from  the  end  of  one  syllable  to  the  beginning  of  another, 
though  there  is  a  tendency  to  make  it  heard  in  bear  (bear) 
and  beer,  and  in  pear  (pear)  to  differentiate  these  words  from 
bea  (bee)  and  pea  (pea).  It  is  also  used  in  the  interjectional 
phrases  ger  up  for  get  up,  ger  oot  for  get  out,  and  ger  awaay 
wi  ye. 

R  is  also  often  used  in  the  word  hairf  (half)  but  merely  to 
convey  to  the  eye  the  value  of  the  preceding  vowels,  which 
are  frequently  mispronounced  when  represented  by  aa. 

TABLE  OF  PRONUNCIATION. 

Aa  nearly  resembles  the  sound  we  represent  by  air  with 
the  r  untrilled. 


XVI  PREFACE. 

Ah=AhinAh! 

Aw=Aw  in  Gnaw. 

Ea— Ea  in  Real. 

Ew  — Ew  in  News,  but  occasionally  in  the  words  ewse,  ewst 
ewt  represents  a  sound  nearly  like  the  German  u. 

Oa  =  Oo-a  quickly  pronounced. 

Oh  =  Ow  in  know.  The  above  sound  is  slightly  modified 
in  one  or  two  words  in  which  it  is  uttered  by  the  fore  part 
of  the  mouth  and  lips,  e.g.,  hohle. 

Oo  =  Oo  in  Tool. 

Ow=Ow  in  Now. 

U  =  U  in  Bull  except  when  followed  by  r,  and  in  a  few 
words  such  as  yule,  refuse,  and  duty. 


A    GLOSSARY    OF   WORDS 


USED    IN    THE 


WAPENTAKES  OF 

MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM 


A 


A',  prep.—Of. 

Th1  fraame  a1  this  here  door's  maade  o'  th'  oak  tree  that  cwst  to 
graw  wheare  th1  cemeterry  is  at  Scunthrup. 

A,  prep.— On. 

A.  —Prefix  to  substantives   and   verbs :    as   rt-gate,   ^-bulling, 
0-hossing. 

A,  EH,  inter,  interj.— Equivalent  to  "  What  ?  " 

A,  v. — To  have. 

A '  dun  vvi'  thee. 

AARON'S  BEARD.— Spiraia  salicifolia. 

AARON'S   ROD.—Verbascum  Thapsus.     So  called  from  its  tall 
straight  stem.     See  Britten  and  Holland's  Eng.  Plant  Names. 

ABACK,  prep.—(i)  At  the  back  (followed  by  of). 

It's  aback  o'  th'  beer  barril. 
(2)  adv. — By  surprise,  in  phr.  to  take  aback. 
I  was  ta'en  clear  aback  when  she  tell'd  me  on  it. 

ABACK  O'  BEYONT,  phr.— A  very  long  way  off. 

A  man  is  aback  o'  beyont  his  sen,  when  he  is,  through  his  own  fault  or 
ignorance,  unable  to  perform  what  he  has  undertaken. 
B 


2  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

ABARGENS,  phr. — Of  no  value  or  consequence. 

It's  that  mucky  and  torn,  it's  abargens  what  becums  on  it. 
It's  abargens  whether  he  cums  or  no  noo. 

ABATE.— In  the  habit  of. 

He's  gotten  abate  o'  drinkin'. 

ABEAR,  v.— To  endure. 

ABIDE,  v.— To  endure. 

I  can't  abide  no  bairns  nobut  my  awn. 

ABLESS— i.e.,  haveless,  q.v. 
ABLINS,  adv.— Perhaps. 

ABLISH,  adj. — Somewhat  able. 

He's  an  ablisk  chap  for  a  little  un,  but  he  can't  hug  a  seek  o'  wheat 
aboard  a  vessil. 

ABOARD,  phr.— In  drink. 

He's  sum'uts  aboard  to-daay  ;  he  could  nobud  just  sit  e'  his  gig  as  he 
cum'd  fra  Brigg  market. 

ABOARD  ON,  phr.— To  run. 

-  He  runned  aboard  on  me  as  I  druv  doon  Ranthrup  Hill,  an'  I  thoht 
he'd  a'  tekken  a  wheal  off. 

ABOON,  prep. — Above,  in  excess  of. 

If  he  duzn't  feal  paain  o'  th'  turpe'tine  aboon  paain  o'  th'  inflammaa- 
tion  it'll  be  to  no  ewse. 

ABOON  A  BIT,  phr.— Very  much. 

It  raain'd  aboon  a  bit  last  Brigg  fair ;  it  fairly  siled  doon. 

ABOON-HEAD.— Up  above. 

It's  do'ty  under  foot,  but  dry  aboon-Jiead. 

ABOON  PLUM.— Drunken. 

ABOUT,  adv. — In  hand,  in  the  doing,  on  hand. 
We'd  a  three-weaks'  wesh  aboot  that  daay. 

ABOUT  WHAT,  phr.— All  that,  nearly  all  that. 

He's  a  straange  good  hand  at  tellin'  taales  an'  hinderin'  uther  foaks 
warkin'  wi'  listenin'  to  him,  an'  that's  aboot  what  he's  fit  for. 

ABRAHAM. — Isaac  and  Jacob,     (i)  The  Garden  Comfrey. 

I  am  not  sure  whether  it  is  a  variety  of  Symphytum  o  fficinaleor  a 
foreign  plant. 

(2)  Pulmonavia  officinalis, 

These  plants  are  probably  so  called  because  there  are  flowers  of 
three  differing  tints  on  one  stem. 

(3)  Borago  orientalis. 

This  plant  is  so  called  from  its  being  confounded  with  Nos.  i  and  2. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  8 

ABRAHAM-MAN. — A  cheat.  An  able-bodied  beggar,  who 
pretends  to  be  sick  or  a  cripple,  is  said  to  sham  Abraham. 

ABREAD—  i.e.,  in  breadth. 

Th'  wall's  nobut  a  brick  abredd. — Cf.  Mid.  Eng.  brede,  breadth. 

ABUSEFUL,  04;.— Abusive. 

A  !  BUT,  inter] . 

A !  But  Charlie  is  a  big  leear,  an'  noa  mistaake ;  He'd  lee  thrif  a 
three-inch  deal. 

ACCORDING-LY  (the  ly  very  long).— Accordingly. 
AGON-TREE.— An  oak. 
ACOS,  conj. — Because. 

ACRE. — A  measure  of  length,  defined  in  Murray,  Diet. 

An  acre-length,  40  poles  or  a  furlong  (i.e.,  furrow-length)  ;  an  acre- 
breadth,  4  poles  or  22  yards. — Cf.  Leicester  Words,  E.D.S.,  49,  88. 

In  the  iith  of  Hen.  VIII.  the  tenants  of  the  manor  of  Scotter,  in 
Messingham,  were  required  to  repair  the  banks  of  the  river  Trent. 
For  every  acre  in  latitudine  that  was  left  unrepaired  a  fine  of  fourpence 
was  to  be  levied. — Rot  Cur.  . 

ACRE-SPIRES,  s.  pi. — The  sprout  of  corn  before  the  ears  come 
forth. 

ACRE-TAX. — A  draining  tax,  always  used  for  the  yearly  tax 
on  the  Ancholme  Level,  in  contradistinction  from  assess- 
ments levied  on  the  same  district. 

Some  of  these  Carrs  are  subject  to  a  Drainage  Tax.  .  .  .  It  is 
sometimes  called  an  acre-tax. — Survey  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey , 
1787. 

ADAM  AND  EVE. — (i)  A  particular  pair  of  legs  in  a  shrimp, 
so  called  from  a  fancied  resemblance  to  two  human  figures 
standing  opposite  to  one  another. 

(2)  The  flowers  of  the  Arum  Maculatum. 
ADAM'S-ALE,  ADAM'S-WINE— i.e.  water. 

ADAM'S- APPLE. 

Adami  pomum,  the  convex  part  of  the  thyroid  cartilage  of  the  larynx. 
Parr's  Med.  Diet.  i.  32. 

ADAM'S-FLANNEL,  white  mullein,  Verbascum  Thapsus. 

ADDLE,  v.~ To  earn. 

Tom  Stocks  can  addle  fower  shillin' a  daay  at  suffin',  soa  he'll  not 
wark  for  thee  at  two  and  nine.  Adle,  vox  Lincolniensi  agro  usitatissima 
quod  ipsis  salariutn  vel  praemium  mereri  designat.  Skinner, 

Etymologicon. 


4  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

ADDJ.E-CAP,  ADDLE-HEAD,  ADDLE-PATE.— A  weak, 
silly  person. 

He's  such  a  waffy  addle-head,  he  duz  n't  knaw  blew  fra  red. 

ADDLINS,  s.  //.—Earnings. 

A-DONE.— Have  done  ! 

Thoo  awkerd  bairn,  a-dun  wi'  thee  ! 

A-DOORS.— Out,  out  of  doors. 

You're  alus  clattin'  in  and  oot  a-doors. 

My  brother  will  be  flung  and  thrust  out  adoores  by  head  and  ears. — 
Bernard,  Terence,  120. 

AFEARD,  adj.— Afraid. 
AFORE,  adv.  and  /r^.— Before. 
AFORE-LONG.— Before  long. 
AFORE-TIME,  adv.— Formerly,, 

AFTER  A  BIT,  adv.— In  a  short  time. 
Cum,  arn't  ye  gooin'  ?     Ey,  after  a  bit. 

AFTERBURDEN.— The  afterbirth  (placenta). 

The  afterburden  should  oht  to  be  alus  putten  upo*  kitchen  fire-back  at 
neet  when  foaks  hes  gone  to  bed. 

AFTER-CLAP. — An  unpleasant  thing  which  comes  to  pass 
after  the  likelihood  of  such  an  event  has  long  gone  by. 

Rachel  Taylor's  'e  a  fine  waay  ;  she  hed  her  tent  bairn  nine  year  sin, 
an'  noo  she's  fallen  doon  wi'  twins  ;  it's  a  sore  after-dap  for  her. 

"  It  doth  not  spring  from  humble  uprightness,  but  from  a  proud  con- 
ceitedness  ;  and  is  the  after-clap  of  Satan,  and  our  sinfull  hearts.1' — • 
Obadiah  Sedgwick.  The  Anatomy  of  Secret  Sins,  1660,  247, — Cf.  Murray, 
Diet. 

AFTER-END. — The  autumn  ;  more  commonly  the  back-end  or 
fall. 

AFTERLINGS.— The  last  milk   that   comes   before   a  cow's 
udder  is  empty,  which  is  said  to  contain  the  most  butter. 

AFTERMATH. — The  second  crop   of  grass;   the  grass  that 
grows  when  the  hay  is  cut,  more  commonly  called  eddish,  q.v. 

"  The  second  crop  of  grass  or  aftermath," — Rogers,  Hist,  of  Agriculture 
and  Prices,  i.  17. — Cf.  Murray,  Diet, 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  5 

AGATE,  AGATE  ON. — Begun,  tmder-way,  fully-employed. 

Well,  I  mun  get  agaate. 

He's  a  bad  un  at  startin',  but  when  he's  agaate  on  oht  noht  '11  stop 
him. 

Q.  When  is  an  oven  not  an  oven  ?     A.  When  she's  agate. 

A  man  was  from  home  when  his  wife  was  taken  in  labour  ;  he  was 
telegraphed  for  and  hurried  back.  On  his  way  he  met  the  postman, 
who,  in  answer  to  his  enquiries,  replied,  "All's  gooin'  on  reight ;  she's 
hed  twins  and  is  agaate  yit." 

AGATEUS,  AGATEURSE.— On  the  road. 

If  thoo'll  nobbut  waait  a  bit  I'll  go  agateus  wi'  thee  o'  th'  waay  hoiim. — 
Messingham,  1877. 

AGE,  v. — To  grow  old,  to  acquire  the  appearance  of  age. 
He  aages  fast. 

AGE,  AT.— Of  age. 

It'll  all  be  th'  yung  Squire's  when  he  cums  at  aage. 
"  The  jurie  doth  fynde  that  the  heire  of  Randle  Haworthe  is  at  age." — 
Manchester  Court  Leet,  Records  1597,  II.,  120. 

AGE  AN,  prep. — Against,  before,  in  time  for,  presaging,  nigh 
unto. 

We  mun  hev  wer  cleanin'  all  dun  agedn  Maayda'. 
Th'  herse  collars  is  al'us  as  weet  as  muck  agedn  raain. 

(2)  In  exchange  for. 

I  sattled  his  bill,  an1  he  gev'  me  three  an'  six  agedn  a  sov'rin. 

AGEE,  adj.— Awry. 

AGER,  AEGER,  EAGRE,  EGER,  EYGRE,  HYGRE 
(ai'gur,  ee'gur). — The  high  tidal  wave  of  the  Trent  and 
Ouse.  This  phenomenon  is  called  the  Bore  in  the  Severn, 
and  the  Barre  at  Mont  St.  Michel  in  Normandy. 

"  This  day  the  general  going  over  the  river     .     .     .     was  graciously 
delivered  from  a  great  danger  he  was  near  unto,  by  a  sudden  surprisal 
of  the  tide  called  eager." — Sprigg,  Anglia  Rediviva,  1647  ;  ed.  1854,  p.  76. 
"  But  like  an  eagre  rode  in  triumph  o'er  the  tide." 

— Dry  den,  Threnodia  Augustalis. 
"  Then  rushed  on  all, 
Like  eagre  swallowing  up  its  streamy  way." 

Ph.  J.  Bailey,  Festus,  5th  ed.,  p.  528. 

"  What  is  called  the  eagre  of  the  tide  .  .  ;  astonished  those  who 
saw  it  come  up  the  channel." — Monthly  Mag.,  Dec.,  1810,  p.  472. 

"  Wallis,  the  coxswain,  perceived  a  strong  aeger  coming  up  the 
river." — Stamford  Mercury,  Aug.  15,  1884. 

Speaking  of  the  similar  phenomenon  in  the  Severn,  William  of 
Malmesbury  says,  "  Nautae  certe  gnari,  cum  vident  illam  hi  gram  ^  sic 
enim  Anglice  vocant,  venire,  navem  obvertunt,  et  per  medium  secantes 
violentiam  ejus  eludunt." — Gesta  Pontificum,  Roll's  Series,  p.  292. — Cf. 
Stark,  Hist,  of  Gainsburgh,  522  ;  Carlyle,  Heroes  and  Hero-worship,  29  ; 
Palgrave,  Normandy  and  Eng.,  i.  233,  731,  740 ;  C.  Brooke,  Ten  Years  in 
Sarawak,}.  364;  Louisa  S.  Costello,  A  Slimmer  Amongst  the  Bocages^ 
1.72. 


5  MAN  LEV    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

AGG. — A  misfortune,  an  irritating  loss. 

"That's  a  soor  agg"  is  a  common  expression  to  indicate  a  teasing 
circumstance. 

AGGRAVATE,  v.— To  vex. 

You're  eniff  to  aggravaate  a  growin'  tree. 

It's  eniff  to  aggravaate  the  heart  of  a  whealbarra'. 

AGGRAVATION.— Vexation. 
AGIST.— See  GIST. 
AGNAIL.— See  NANGNAIL. 

AGREEABLE,  adj.— Willing. 

Well,  sir,  you  see  it  begun  e1  this  how — Robud  ax'd  me  if  I  would 
hev   him,   and  I   says,   efter  studyin'   a  bit   like,    "Well,    Bob,    I'm 

agreeable." 

AHIND,  AHlNT,prep.  and  adv.— Behind. 
AILSEY,  ALSEY,  ELSEY.— Alice. 

AIM. — Intention,  desire. 

All  his  aaim  is  to  get  e'  uther  foaks  road. 

AIM,  AT,  v. — To  intend,  to  try  for. 

To  aaim  at  sich  things  as  he  talks  on,  isn't  fittin'  for  a  convarted  man. 

AINT. — Am  not.     Arnt  is  the  commoner  form. 

AIR,  v. — (i)  To  dry  damp  clothes. 

Tak  them  weet  cloas  oot  o*  th'  dolly,  an'  hing  'em  upo'  th'  hedge, 
an'  put  th'  mangled  cloas  upo'  th'  herse  to  air. 

(2)  To  fumigate. 

"For  rossell  and  franckinsens  to  aire  the  church  iijd'." — 1586,  Louth 
Churchwarden's  Accounts. 

(3)  To  ventilate. 
AIR  BLEB.— A  bubble. 
AIRM.— The  arm. 

AIR  PEG.— The  vent-peg  of  a  barrel. 

AIRS.— Humours. 

She's  in  her  airs  to-daay. 

AIRY. — Breezy,  well-ventilated. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  7 

AKERATE,  v.— To  rust  as  iron  does. 

We  fun'  sum  shackles  sich  es  thaay  ewst  to  put  upo'  prisoners  e'  ohd 
times.  Thaay  was  o'must  all  aheraated  awaay,  bud  oor  Squire  thoht 
a  great  deal  on  'em. 

(2)  Blighted. 

His  crops  was  that  akeraated  last  year  (1879)  thaay  was  wo'th,  in  a  waay 
of  speaking,  noht  at  all. 

ALABLASTER.— Alabaster. 

Thaay  fun  alablaster  at  Gainsb'r  when  thaay  dug  railroad,  bud  it 
wasn't  wo'th  oht. 

It's  a  straange  nist  bairn,  it's  skin's  that  clear  it's  like  alablaster. 

Nicholas  Godeman,  alebasterer,  was  fined  in  1497  four  pence  for 
licence  to  traffic  at  Nottingham. — Nott.  Borough  Rec.  II.,  302.  Cf. 
Mon.  Ang.,  v.,  484. 

ALE -CONNER,  ALE  -  FINDER,  ALE  -  TASTER.  —  A 
manorial  officer  whose  duty  it  was  to  look  to  the  assize  and 
goodness  of  bread  and  ale  within  the  precincts  of  the  manor. 

George  Greene  ....  for  not  sending  for  the  ale-finder. — 
Bottesford  Manor  Roll,  1617. 

The  ale-taster's  oath  is  given  in  John  Kitchin's  Jurisdiction  of  Court 
Leet,  1675,  p.  94,  and  Sir  William  Scrogg's  Practice  of  Court  Leet, 
1714,  p.  15. 

ALE-DRAPER. — Keeper  of  an  alehouse. 

"July  8th  (1747)  Thomas  Broughton,  farmer  and  ale-draper." — Scatter 
Par.  Reg.  Burials. 

ALE-FEAST  (obsolescent.) — A  public  drinking  usually  held  at 
Whitsuntide. 

ALE-MASTER.— The  chief  man  at  the  ale  feast. 

ALEGAR. — Sour  ale  used  as  a  substitute  for  vinegar. — Cf. 
Murray,  Diet. 

ALENIATED.— Alienated. 

Can't  ye  borra'  a  pick  fra  Billy  K ?  Noa,  we're  aleniated  friends 

at  present,  soa  I  can't  ax  him. 

ALE- PEG. — The  vent  peg  of  a  cask. 
ALE-POSSET.— Warm  milk  and  beer  sweetened. 

ALE-SCORE. — The  debt  for  drink  at  an  ale-house  recorded 
with  chalk  marks  on  the  door. 


8  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ALE-WHISP. — The  bush  which  was  suspended  in  front  of  a 
public-house  to  indicate  that  drink  was  sold  there  (obsolete). 

In  the  Scotter  Court  Roll  for  1562  is  an  order  that  Thomas  Yong 
should  either  immediately  give  up  his  public-house  or  take  out 
recognisance  and  licence  according  to  the  Statute  for  keeping  an  ale- 
house, and  hang  up  "  Signum  aut  unum  leak  -wyspc  adhostium  domus." 
A  bush  of  ivy  or  other  evergreen  was  for  ages  the  sign  of  a  tavern 
both  in  England  and  the  neighbouring  continental  lands.  There  is  an 
engraving  of  a  mediaeval  inn  with  a  bush  hanging  before  it  in  Cutts' 
Scenes  and  Characters  of  the  Middle  Ages,  p.  543.  Heine  says  in  the 
Suttler's  Song : — 

"  Der  griine  Kranz  vor  meinem  Zelt, 

Der  lacht  im  Licht  der  Sonne  ; 
Und  heute  schenk1  ich  Malvasier 

Aus  einer  frischen  Tonne." 

In   Good  Newes  and  Bad  Newes,  by  S.  R.,   1622,  quoted   in   Ellis's 
Brand's  Popular  Antiquities,  1813,  vol.  ii.,  p.  246,  a  Host  says: — 
"  I  rather  will  take  down  my  bush  and  sign, 
Then  live  by  means  of  riotous  expence." 

ALIVE-LIKE.— Lively,  likely  to  live. 
ALIVE  WF  LOPS.— Much  invested  with  fleas. 

ALL  ABOUT  IT,  phr. — A  clincher  to  an  argument. 
I  weant  gie  the  anuther  farden,  so  that's  all  aboot  it. 

ALL- ABOARD,  phr. — All  in  confusion  ;  equivalent  to  the  slang 
expression,  "  All  at  sea." 

Her  things  is  ail-aboard,  niver  noht  nowheare. 

ALL  AND  SOME,  phr.— One  and  all. 

ALL-ALONG,  adv. — In  a  continued  course. 

I've  gone  on  that  foot-trod  all-aling  ony  time  this  tho'ty  year. 
Th'  Hea  runs  all-long  o'  west  side  o'  Ketton  Parish. 

ALL  ALONG  ON,/>/^. — Entirely  owing  to,  in  consequence  of. 
It  was  all  along  o'  drink  'at  he  ended  his  sen  e'  that  how. 

ALL  AT  HOME.— Quite  sane. 

He's  all  at  hoame  when  ther's  oht  to  do,  but  he  talks  straange  an' 
random  when  he's  sittin'  by  th'  fireside. 

ALLAWAYS,  s.  //.—Aloes  ;  the  drug  not  the  plant. 
As  bitter  as  allawaays. 

ALL-BUT,  />/«/.— Almost. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  9 

ALL  ENDS  AND  SIDES,  phr.—(i)  All  around,  in  or  from 
every  direction. 

Gether  them  things  up,  thaay  're  of  all  ends  an1  sides. 

" da  kommen 

Viele  stolze  Gesellen  von  alien  Seitcn  und  Endcn." 

Goethe,  Reincke  Fuchs,  Erstcr  Gesang. 

(2)  Slatternly,  scatter-brained. 

She's  alus  of  all  ends  an'  sides,  we  can  niver  fix  her  to  noht. 

ALLEY. — The  aisle  of  a  church. 

A  woman  from  Kirton-in-Lindsey  informed  the  author  that  she  never 
heard  the  passages  between  the  pews  in  churches  called  anything  but 
alleys,  until  the  Puseyites  began  to  make  people  particular  about  "  them 
soort  of  things." 

The  north  aisle  of  the  choir  of  Lincoln  Minster  was  formerly  called 
,  the  chanters'  alley. 

"  Mr.  Olden  did  say  when  he  did  come  to  be  churchwarden,  he  would 
make  the  Puritans  to  come  up  the  middle  -alley  on  their  knees  to  the 
rails." — 1638,  Wallington,  Hist.  Notices,  i.,  70. 

ALL-GATES. — By  all  means,  in  any  manner. 

ALL-HALLOWS.— An  object  called  "  the  idol  of  All-Hallows  " 
existed  in  the  Church  of  Belton,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  in 
the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  It  was 
probably  a  representation  of  All  Saints. — Peacock,  Eng. 
Ch.  Furniture,  45. 

ALL  E'  BITS,  phr.— All  in  pieces. 

He  brok  my  cheiiny  tea-pot  wi'  John  Wesla'  head  on  it  all  e'  bits,  an' 
then  said  a  metal  un  wo'd  do  for  a  ohd  thing  like  me. 

A  woman  who  has  lately  been  delivered  of  a  child,  or  a  man  who 
has  become  a  bankrupt  are  said  to  have  tumbled  all  e1  bits. 

ALL  IN  A  PIECE,  phr.— Stiff  with  rheumatism,  frozen,  coa- 
gulated. 

I'm  all  in  a  peace  like  a  stockfish. 

ALL-IVERS,  phr. — A  hyperbolical  phrase,  meaning  for  all 
occasions,  or  for  all  time. 

He's  books  enif  e'  that  room  for  all-ivers. 

ALL  OF  A  PIECE,  phr.— Almost  entirely  covered. 

(I)  Her  legs  is  all  of  a  peace  wi'  harvist-bug  bites. 
(II)  Used  also  with  regard  to  a  person  who  is  much  crippled 

by  rheumatism. 

He  was  a  nim'le  yung  man  twenty  year  sin',  but  he's  all  of  a  peace 
noo,  and  walks  wi'  crutches. 

ALL  OUT,  adv. — Quite,  entirely,  beyond  comparison. 

ALL  OVER.— Every  where. 

Taaties  hes  faail'd  all  oher  to  year. 


10  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ALL-OVERISH,  adj.— Nervous,  sickly. 

ALLS,  s.  pi. — Goods  and  chattels,  especially  workmen's  tools. 

"  Pack  up  your  alls  and  slot  off"  is  a  common  form  of  dismissal,  used 
bv  mnsters'to  workmen. 

ALL'S  ONE  (the  latter  word  pronounced  to  rhyme  with  on), 
pkr. — All  the  same. 

It's  all's  one  to  me  whether  you  paay  me  noo  or  o-'  Setterda'  neet. 

ALL  SORTS  AND  SIZES,  phr.— Of  every  kind  or  pattern. 

He  hed  all  soorts  an'  sizes  o'  boots,  but  theare  was  niver  a  pair  that 
would  fit  me. 

11  Articles  of  Impeachment,  which  they  keepe  by  them  of  all  sorts  and 
sizes,  tit  tor  every  man,  as  in  Birchin-lane  they  have  suites  ready  made 
to  fit  every  body." — Clement  Walker,  Hist,  of  Independency,  1648, 
part  i,  p.  62. 

ALL  TO  NAUGHT.— Entirely,  completely. 

In  thease  wet  years  top-land  beats  warp  land  all  to  noht. — 
Bottesford,  1882. 

ALL  THAT. — To  do  anything  like  ail-that  is  to  do  it  very  well, 
or  very  quickly. 

ALL  THERE.— Quite  sane. 

He  talks  straange  an1  random,  but  he's  all  theare  when  one  wants  oht. 

ALLUDE,  v.— To  attack. 

I've  hed  arysip'las  bad,  but  it  niver  alluded  to  my  throat. —  Winterton. 

ALL  UP  Wl',phr. — All  over  with,  quite  done  for. 

It's  all  tip  wV  them,  fine,  fine- weather,  farmers  that  keaps  the'r 
carriages. 

"  Quite  well  at  ten, 

Had  a  few  friends  to  sup  with  me ; 
Taken  ill  at  twelve 

And  at  one  it  was  all  up  with  me." 

Perversion,  1856,  ii.  38. 

ALMANAC-MAN. — The  surveyor  of  the  Court  of  Sewers,  so 
called  because  he  sends  notices  to  the  dwellers  near  the 
Trent,  of  the  times  when  high  tides  may  be  expected. — 
Burringham,  1882. 

ALONG  ON,  prep. — (i)  On  account  of,  owing  to. 
It  was  along  on  a  letter  missin'  'at  my  mare  got  kill'd. 
(i)  By  the  side  of. 

ALONG  SIDE  ON,/^.— By  the  side  of. 
The  stee's  along  side  on  the  fother  stack. 

ALUS,  ALUST  (ol-us,  ol-ust),  adv. — Always, 
I'm  alus  niver  reight  wi'  maister. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  11 

A'M.— Used  for  I  am. 

A'm  a  gooin'  to  Eputh  o'  Setterda'  an"  shall  mebby  staay  while 
Tuesda'. 

AMBERGREASE.— A  strong,  sweet  scent. 

It's  a  straange  nist  bairn  ;  it  smells  like  ambergredse. 

When  your  throat's  perfum'd  your  verie  words  doe  smell  of 
ambergreece. — Marston,  Antonio  and  Mellida,  Act  III. 

It  was  formerly  believed  that  there  were  at  the  bottom  of  the  sea 
springs  of  this  scent,  similar  to  the  naptha  springs  which  are  found  on 
land. — E.  W.  Lane,  Thousand  and  One  Nights,  1841,  vol.  in.,  p.  108. 
See  Murray's  Diet.,  Ambergris. 

AMMERGRATE,  v.— To  emigrate. 

AMONG-HANDS  (o  as  in  wrong)  adv. — In  some  way;  said  of 
anything  done  conjointly  with  other  things,  or  of  something 
done  to  eke  out  another  thing. 

Thaay  doan't  keiip  a  sarvant  lass  noo,  but  thaay  get  thrif  th'  hoose- 
wark  tidy  enif  among-hands. 

Th'  bread's  sad,  but  I  weant  thraw  it  i*  to  swill  tub  ;  we  shall  get 
thrif  it  among-hands. 

AN. — Used  in  the  phrases,  "  Such  an  a,  what  an  a". 

It  was  sich  an  a  thing  to  do ;  I  wo'd  n't  ha'  been  scan  in  it  at  noht. 
What  an  a  fixment  she's  gotten  her  sen  into  wi'  that  yung  man. 
This  an  is  perhaps  a  remnant  of  the  Mid.  Eng.  kin,  used  in  what  kin 
for  what  kind,  &c.    Thus  it  may  really  mean  "  what  sort  of  a  fix." 

AN '-ALL,  adv. — Also,  besides. 

He  wants  sendin'  to  Ketton  (Kirton-in-Lindsey,  where  there  was  a 
prison),  an'  a  cat-  o'-nine-taails  an* -all. 

ANBERRY.— See  NANBERRY. 

ANCHOR.— (i)  An  iron  tie  in  a  building. 
(2)  The  tongue  of  a  buckle. 

ANCIENT.— An  old  man. 

Well,  old  ancient,  what  did  Adam  saay  when  you  last  seed  him. 

ANDPARCY, — i.e.,  and  per  se  ;  the  contraction  &. 

"  From  A  to  andparcy  "  is  equivalent  to  from  beginning  to  the  end. 

ANDRA. — Luncheon,  or  any  extra  meal,  as  bread,  cheese,  and 
beer,  sent  to  workfolk  at  about  eleven  or  four  o'clock. 

Farmer  :  Wheare's  John  Dent  ?  Bailiff :  He's  hevin'  his  andra' — (See 
Aandorns,  Aunder,  Arndorn,  and  Downdrins,  in  Ray's  Glos.  E.D.S.) 

ANDREMAS.— The  feast  of  Saint  Andrew  (obsolete). 

"For  the  servese  bouke  at  Sant  Andrames  vijs'.." — Kirton-in-Lindsey, 
Ch.  Ace.,  1581. 


12  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

ANEAN,  prep.— Beneath. 

You'll  find  th'  almanac  ancun  Bible  up  o'th  parlour  taable. 

ANEAR,  ANEARLY,  adv.— Nearly. 

AN-END,  adv.— On  end. 

I  dreamt  all  th'  dead  bodies  was  stan'in'  an-end  e'  th'  chech-yard  , 
sum  on  'em  as  if  they  hed  n't  been  oher  a  weiik  dead. — Northorpe, 
1841. 

To  go  straight  an-end  is  to  go  straight  forward. 

ANGLES. — Artificial  burrows  used  for  capturing  rabbits  in 
warrens.  See  TYPE. 

ANGNAIL.— See  NANGNAIL. 

ANGNES. — Agnes,  a  form  often  found  in  lyth  century  parish 
registers,  and  sometimes,  though  rarely  heard  in  conversation. 

ANGRY,  adj. — Inflamed  ;  said  of  wounds. 

ANGUISHED.— Pained,  troubled. 

I  was  straangely  anguished  in  my  joints  all  thrif  Thomas  .  .  . 
th'  wizzard.  —Bottesford,  1858. 

My  spyryt  ys  anguyssed  ful  sore  yn  me. — Manning  of  Brunne, 
Meditations,  i.  315. 

ANIFF,  ENIFF,  adv.— Enough. 

ANSHUM-SCRANSHUM.— Bewilderment,  confusion. 

Ther'  was  a  deal  o'  anshum-scranshum  wark  at  Smith's  saale  along 
o'  th'  auksoneer  not  causin'  foiiks  to  stan'  e'  a  ring. 

ANTLING.— Inkling,  knowledge. 

I  ha'nt  noil  antlin'  wheare  he  is  noo,  bud  he  did  tell  me  his  wife 
ewsed  him  that  bad  he  should  slot  off  to  'Merikay. 

ANY.— See  ONY. 

APPERN.— (Ap'urn).     (i)  An  apron. 

(2)  The  inner  fat  of  a  pig  and  the  fat  of  a  goose  are  called  the 
pig-appevn  and  the  goose-appern. — Cf.  Thomas  Tusser,  Five 
Hundred  Pointes  of  Good  Husbandrie,  E.D.S.,  p.  36,  246. 

APPLE,  v. — To  bottom,  to  root.  Spoken  of  potatoes,  turnips, 
and  other  bulbs. 

APPLE-ARK.— A  big  chest  in  which  apples  are  kept. 

APPLE-SCOHP. — An  apple-scoop;  an  instrument  made  of  a 
sheep's  metacarpal  bone,  sometimes  carved,  dyed  green, 
&c.,  used  for  taking  the  cores  out  of  apples. 

When  the  late  Edward  Shaw  Peacock  was  a  little  child,  he  was 
saying  in  the  presence  of  a  rich  and  ignorant  farmer  that  he  should 
much  like  to  possess  a  microscope.  The  man,  who  misunderstood  him, 
said  he  had  a  good  one  at  home  which  he  would  present  to  him.  A 
few  days  after  the  farmer  sent  a  handsome  apple-scoop. 


MAN  LEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  13 

APPLE-TURNOVER.— An  apple  puff. 
APRICOCK.— Apricot.     Used  by  Shakspere,  &c. 

AQUABUS. — A  passenger  boat   or  water  omnibus.     A  word 
badly  formed  in  imitation  of  omnibus. 

ARGISOME,  adj. — Quarrelsome,  full  of  contention. 
It's  the  argisumist  bairn  I  iver  did  see. 

ARGLE,  ARGY,  v.— To  argue. 

Come  maister,  it's  no  use  to  argle. — Ralph  Skirlaugh,  ii.  112. 

ARGLE-BARGLE,  v. — To  argue,  to  bandy  words  ;    also  as 
sb.,  argument. 

ARGLEING.— Arguing. 

What's  the  good  o'  argleiri1  .  .  .  about  what  folks  is  worth. — 
Ralph  Skirlaugh,  ii.  152. 

ARGYFY,  v.— (i)  To  argue. 

(2)  To  be  of  import,  to  signify. 

It  duzn't  argyfy  what  his  faayther  was  es  long  es  he's  a  punct'al  man 

ARK.— A  big  chest. 

"  And  trusse  al  }>at  he  mithen  fynde  of  hise  in  arke  or  in  kiste." — 
Havelok,  2018. 

"Thomas  Carffare  takyn  down  a  hark  out  of  rode  loft  vjd." — 15:5, 
Louth  Ch.  Accts. 

"  A  malte  arke.'1 — 1538,  Invent,  of  Dale  Priory  in  Archceologia,  xliii.  222. 

"  One  stoole  and  a  great  arke,  1624." — Fairfax  Invent.,  ibid,  xlviii.,  158. 

ARLES. — Money  given  to  fasten  a  bargain  (obsolescent.)     See 
To'n  Agean. 

ARM. — The  arm  of  an  axle-tree  is  that  part  which  goes  into  the 
wheel. 

ARN'T. — Fov  am  not,  are  not. 

Mother :  Doant  goa  to  chapil  wi'  that  mucky  faace,  Mary. 

Daughter  :  I  arn't  a-gooin'. 

I  wean't  tak'  no  arn't  an'  no  sharn't  fra  a  bairn  like  thoo. 

ARRANT.— An  errand. 

Other  arrants  necessarie  to  be  done. — Lease  of  Scatter  Manor,  1537. 
Arrand  nuncium.— Littleton,  Latin  Diet.,  1703. 

ARREARAGE. — Arrears  of  payment. 

He's  gotten  fower  years  arrearages  o'  his  highwaay  raate  on,  an'  I  can't 
get  noa  sattlement." 

"The  arrerages  of  the  same  fully  contentyd  &  satysfied." — Lease  of 
Scatter  Manor,  1537. 

Mr.  Burghe  arrerages  as  befor. — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Acct.  1577. 

ARRIDGE — An  arris.     The  edge  of  a  plank,  a  squared  stone, 
or  any  similar  object. 


1  (  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ARSE. — The  lower  or  bottom  end  of  a  sheaf  of  corn. 

Farm  Bailiff-  Billy  Ratton  puts  o'must  as  many  heads  in  his  sheiif 
arses  as  he  duz  e1  th'  top  end. 

Farmer :  Then  tell  him  fra  me  'at  if  I  find  him  gooin'  on  e'  that  waay 
when  I  cum  I'll  arse  him  oot  o'  th'  cloiis. 

ARSE,  v. — To  kick  upon  the  seat. 

If  thoo  cums  here  agean  loongin'  aboot,  I'll  aise  the  wf  my  foot. 

ARSE,  TO  HANG  AN.— To  hang  back. 
"  This  nat'ral  son  of  Mars 
Ne'er  hung  an  arse, 
Or  turned  his  Tail, 
Tho'  shot  like  Hail, 
Flew  'bout  his  ears." 

Epitaph  on  Duke  of  Grafton,  in  Steinman's  Mem. 
of  Duchess  of  Cleveland,  :86. 

ARSE-BAND.— The  crupper. 
ARSE-BOARD. — The  hind  door  of  a  cart. 

ARS'ERD.— Backward. 

Go  ars'erds,  cousin  Edward,  go  ars'erds. 

"  Bot  if  }e  taken  as  }e  usen  arseworde  this  gospel." — Political  Poems 
(Rolls.  Series),  ii.,  64. 

ARSE-SMART. — Polygonum,Peysicaria,  and  Polygonmn  Hydropipev. 
4 '  Persicaria  urens,  eodem  sensu  Fr.  G.  Culrage,  sic  dicta  quia  summum 
ardorem   &   dolorem    ea   podicem   sibi   tergenti   conciliat." — Skinner, 
Etymolog.  Botan. 

So  called  because 

"  If  it  touch  the  taile  or  other  bare  skinne,  it  maketh  it  smart,  as  often 
it  doth,  being  laid  into  the  bed  greene  to  kill  fleas." — Minshevv,  as 
quoted  in  Britten  and  Holland's  Eng.  Plant  Names. 

ARSY-VARSY,  adv. — Topsy-turvy,  the  wrong  end  first. 

"  Arsy-varsy,  or  the  Second  Martyrdom  of  the  Rump,"  is  the  title  of 
a  song  written  about  1660. — Rump  Songs,  i  edit.,  part  ii.,  p.  47. 

ARTICLE. — Worthless  fellow,  a  strong  term  of  contempt. 

He's  a  sore  article  to  be  a  parson  ;  he's  nobud  fit  to  eat  pie  oot  o'  th1 
road  an'  scar  bo'ds  fra  berry-trees. 

AS,  vd.pvon. — Who,  that,  which. 

The  man  as  sells  barm  hesn't  been  this  weak. 

Whose  cauves  was  them  as  I  seed  i'  Messingham  toon  streat  ? 

AS,  prep. — Sometimes  used  redundantly. 
I  expect  him  a  weak  as  next  Thursda'. 
He  hesn't  been  here  sin  a  munth  as  last  Bottesworth  feast, 
"Warning  of  another  storm  has  been  telegraphed  from   America 
as  likely  to  arrive  on  our  northern  coasts  as  yesterday." — Guardian, 
April  4,  1877.     Quoted  in  Notes  and  Queries,  5th  S.  ix.,  March  9,  1878. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  15 

ASCRIBE,  r.— To  describe. 

I   niver  seed  onything  o'  th'  soort  my  sen,  bud  I've  otens  fieri  it 
ascribed  to  me. — 1886.     Probably  a  mistake,  not  a  true  dialectic  word. 

ASH-FENTIN,  ASHFELTIN.— An  asphalte  pavement. 

He  slipt  doon  o'  th'  ashfentin  when  it  was  slaape  wi'  snaw.  an'  as  it 
was  nigh  hand  a  public  th'  bobby  hed  him  up  fer  bein'  drunk. 

ASH-HEAP-CAKE. — A  cake  baked  on  the  hearth  under  hot 
wood  embers. 

ASH-HOLE. — (i)  The  square  hole  which  receives  ashes  under 
the  kitchen-grate. 

(2)  An  outhouse,  or  exposed  place  where  ashes  are  thrown. 

AS  HOW,  conj.—  That. 

He  said  as  how  he  was  a  loongin'  theaf  what  hed  gotten  eaghteen 
hundred  pund  e'  Gainsb'r  bank  all  thrif  cheatin'  poor  foaks. 

ASH-KEYS,  s.  pi.— The  seed  of  the  ash-tree. 
A'  SH'  THINK,  phr.—  I  should  think. 
ASIDE.— Beside. 

ASK. — A  lizard,  a  newt. 

I  was  once  tanged  wi'  an  ask  among  the  brackens  e'  Brumby  Wood 
that  bad,  I  thoht  I  should  hev'  deed  strlght  off. 

ASK. — Harsh  to  the  touch  or  taste  ;  astringent,  S3ur,  sharp. 
The  aale's  as  ask  as  whig. 

A  sharp  ask  squeal  just  for  all  the  world  like  a  hare. — Ralph  Sktrlaugh, 
i.  87. 

(2)  Strong  clay  land  when  baked  [by  the  sun  is  said  to  be 
"  very  ask." 

You  ha'nt  anuther  bit  o'  land  belongin'  to  you,  oht  like  as  ask  as  th' 
top  end  o1  th'  Wood  Cloas  is. 

(3)  A  sharp  east  wind  is  said  to  be  ask,  i.e.,  harsh. 

ASKINGS. — The  publication  of  bans. 
Did  ta  hear  Bessie's  ask  in' s  last  Sunda'  ? 

ASLANT,  adj.— Slanting. 
ASMY.— Asthma. 
ASQUINT,  adv.— Awry. 

ASS. — When  an  ass  brays  the  saying  is,  "  Ther's  anuther  tinker 
dead  at  Lincoln."     Though  now  naturalised,  I  believe  this 
to  be  an  importation  from  Leicestershire  or  Nottinghamshire. 
When  bricklayers  dees  they  to'ns  to  asses. — Messingham,  1865, 


1G  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ASS-MUCK. 

He  jumps  aboot  like  ass-muck  up'n  a  hard  road. 

Ass-muck  is  much  harder  than  horse-dung  and  frequently  rolls  about 
like  a  ball. 

4ST.— Asked. 

I  ast  him  when  he  wasjagooin,  an'  he  said,  "  What's  that  to  thoo  ? " 

ASTRUT,  adj. — Jutting  out,  as  a  buttress  does. 

AT,  rel.  pron.—Tha.t. 

Them  at  steals  geese  should  hide  the  feather  poake, 
Th'  sod  wall  at  I  maade  was  to  noa  ewse  at  all  to  keap  them  rabbits 
oot. 

AT,  prep.— To. 

When  ye  cum  at  th'  big  elmin-tree  ye  mun  to'n  to  th'  reight. 

AT,  prep,  and  adv. — A  word  expressing  dwelling  or  action. 
He's  left  Crosby  an'  I  doan't  knaw  wheare  he's  at  noo. 
Oor    Jack's  oot    o'  Ketton  (prison)  once  moore ;    I  wonder   what 
he'll  be  at  next  to  get  his  sen  putten  in  agean. 

A'T,  v.  (second  per.  sing,  pr.) — Art. 

A't  ta  gooin'  to  leave  thy"plaace  this  Maayda',  Bess  ? 

AT-ALL,  adv. — Whatsoever. 

I  fun'  oot  he  duz  n't  knaw  noht  at-all  aboot  it. 

AT  NOHT,  phr.— On  no  account. 

I  wo'd  n't  hev  sich  an  aidled  bairn  at  noht. 

AT- AFTER,  prep.— After. 

He  com  in  at  after  afternoon  chech  an'  set  wi'  me  maay  be  a  quaarter 
o'  a  nooer. 

One  generation  at-after  another. — Cf.,  Notes  and  Queries,  iv.  S.  xi., 
113,  182.     Used  by  Chaucer,  Sq.  Ta.,  302. 

ATOP-ON.— On  the  top  of. 

ATTACT.— An  attack. 

Oor  squire's  hed  a  bad  attact  o'  asmy ;  I  thoht  he'd  ha'  deed. 

ATTACT,  v.— To  attack. 

He  attacted  him  like  a  wild  fella',  and  knockt  him  oher  th'  head  wi'  a 
draw-bore-pin. 

ATWEEN,  prep.— Between. 

ATWEENWHILES,  adv.— In  the  interim. 

I  hev'  to  be  at  Gaainsb'r  i'  th'  morriin",  an'  at  Ketton  at  neet,  bud  I 
shall  staay  a  bit  at  Blyton  atwecinwhiles. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  17 

ATWIST,  ^'.—Unfriendly. 

Squire  Heala  an'  him  got  atwist  su'mats  aboot  Ran  Dyke  ! 

ATWIST,  prep.— Between. 

ATWIXT  and  ATWEEN,  phr.—  (i)  Shuffling,  full  of  excuses. 
He's  alus  atwixt  and  atween,  soa  I  can't  get  the  reight  end  o'  noht. 

(2)  In  a  medium  condition. 

It  was  noht  to  speak  on,  nayther  good  nor  bad,  just  atwixt  an'  aticedn. 

A'TWO,  adv.— In  two. 

I'm  sewer  I  didn't  breiik  missis's  cheany  bowl ;  it  caame  a'tii'o  e'  my 
hand. 

AUD.— Old. 

AUGER. — A  three-pronged  instrument  with  serrated  edges  and 
a  long  shaft  for  spearing  eels. 

AUNT  (ant). — A  bawd,  sometimes,  though  rarely,  a  prostitute. 
Cf.  Winter's  Tale,  Act  iv.,  sc.  3,  1.  n. 

AUVE.— See  HAUVE. 

AUVEN,  AUVER,  v. — To  go  about  in  an  awkward,  or  aimless 
kind  of  way. 

Th'  soft  thing  was  auveniri1  aboot  like  a  great  cart  hoss. 
He  neadn't  come  auverin'  aboot  efter  oor  Mary. 

AVELONG,  adj.— Slanting. 

AVERAGE. — Average  is  a  Lincolnshire  term  for  land  that  is 
"  fed  "  in  common  by  the  parish  as  soon  as  the  corn  is 
carried. — Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

The  field  lands  of  Bottesford  and  Yaddlethorpe  were  average  before 
the  enclosure. 

AW  AN  TING,  adj. — Wanting,  deficient,  usually  employed  in 
relation  to  defects  of  intellect  or  manners. 

He  is  straange  and  awantin'  in  his  behaaviour,  though  he  hes  been  to 
th'  boardin'  school. 

AWARRANT  IT,  v.— To  guarantee,  generally  used  sarcasti- 
cally. 

John  '11  cum  hoam  drunk  agean  to  neet  I'll  awarrant  it. 

AWAY.— Way. 

You  mun  goa  to  Ferry  by  Had'ick  hill  awaay,  not  by  Scawthrup. 
He's  ohder  than  her  by  aage  aivaay,  bud  she  looks  fit  to  be  his  muther. 

AWAY,  adv.  as  v.— To  go. 

I'll  awaay  to  chech  this  mornin',  theare's  anew  parson  preachin1,  an' 
theare  weant  be  noa  c'llection. 
C 


18  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

AWAY  WITH,  v.— To  put  up  with,  to  endure. 

I  can't  awaay  wi'  blash  like  that;  it's  fer  all  th'  wo'ld  like  listenin'  to 
foaks  speak  at  'lection  times. 

AWE  (au),  v.— To  owe. 

"John  Halefylld  aiie  to  church,  vijs'." — Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  Ch.  Ace.,  1539 

AWEARIN'. — Wasting  away.     Applied  to  persons  dying  from 
a  lingering  illness. 

A  consumptive  person  is  said  to  be  awearin'. 

AWIVER,  *#.— However. 

Well,  awiver,  I  niver  seed  sich  a  sight  e'  all  my  born  daays. 
Woy,  herse,  woy,  herse,  awiver,  herse,  thoo'll  be  tired  afoore  ta  gets 
hairf  a  mile,  herse. 

AWHILST.— While,  until. 

AWK'ARD,  adj. — (i)  Awkward  in  movement. 

This  is  the  awk'ardest  che'n  onybody  nead  want  to  sea ;  it's  wark  o' 
two  men  an'  a  boy  to  to'n  it. 

The  late  Archdeacon  Stonehouse,  vicar  of  Owston,  in  the  Isle  of 
Axholme,  one  day  came  up  with  a  boy  who  had  been  employed  to  take 
on  a  pony  some  seed  potatoes  from  West  Butterwick  to  Ferry.  The 
sack  containing  them,  being  more  heavily  weighted  at  one  end  than  at 
the  other,  had  fallen  off  the  pony's  back.  The  Archdeacon  helped  to 
raise  up  the  burden.  When  he  had  done  so,  the  lad,  instead  of 
thanking  him,  said,  "Well,  thoo  is  th'  aivk'ardest  fella'  at  liftin'  a  bag  o' 
taaties  I  iver  seed." 

(2),  adj. — Bad-tempered,  obstinate,  difficult  to  deal  with. 

I  doant  knaw  oht  this  side  o'  Hell  'at's  warse  then  livin'  wi'  an 
awk'ard  woman  like  what  she  is. 

I'm  noane  soa  extra  fond  o'  them  theare  easy-guided  bairns ; 
timmersum  cauves  maks  awk'ard  bulls  ye  knaw. 

AWK'ARDNESS,     AWK'ARDS.-  Mischief,     senseless     ob- 
stinacy. 

Th'  lad's  up  to  his  awk'ards  to  neet. 

Thoo's  as  full  of  awk'ardness  as  thoo  can  stick. 

AWN.— See  OWN. 
AWNER.— Owner. 

AWN  SEN.— Own-self. 

"Luv  daddy,  luv  mammy,  luv  awn-sen  best,"  a  proverbial  sayin' 
used  to  justify  or  explain  acts  of  selfishness. 

AWSOME  (au-sum),  adj.— Awful. 

A  woman  speaking  of  a  burning  oatstack  said,  "  Treas  look'd 
bewtiful  when  leet  fra  stack  shined  on  'em  at  neet,  bud  it  was  real 
awsum,  it  was. — J .  S.,  May,  1887. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  19 

AX,  v.— (i)  To  ask. 

The  Commissioners  of  sewers  .  .  .  axed  me  if  they  might  cut 
through  this  bit  to  make  the  water  course  straight. — Ralf  Shirlaugh, 
i.,  130. 

(2)  To  publish  banns. 

AXED-OUT,  AXED-UP,  pp.  —Persons  are  said  to  be  axed  out, 
or  axed  up,  when  their  banns  have  been  read  three  times  in 
the  church. 

Theare's  many  a  lass  hes  been  axed-up,  an'  hed  a  bairn  an'-all,  'at 
niver's  gotten  a  husband. 

AY,  EY.— Yea,  yes. 

AY,  MARRY,  phr. — An  expression  of  assent. 

Let's  hev  anuther  pint  o'  aale,  Jim.     Aye,  Marry,  that  we  will. 


20  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 


B 


BAA-LAMB. — A  child's  name  for  a  lamb. 

BAB,  BABBING. — A  flat-bottomed  boat,  used  for  removing 
the  mud  from  drains. 

The  bab  or  babbing  boat  is  dragged  along  so  as  to  disturb  the  warp 
which  is  carried  by  the  current  into  the  river  Trent.  The  process  is 
called  Babbing. 

BABBLEMENT.— Silly  talk,  babble. 

BABBY.— (i)  A  baby. 

(2)  A  doll. 

Dryden  translates  Pupae  in  Perseus  "Baby  Toys,"  and  in  a  note 
says  that  "those  baby-toys  were  little  babies  or  poppets,  as  we  call 
them." — Richard's  Diet.,  sub.  voc.,  Doll.  It  would  seem,  therefore,  that 
at  that  time  the  word  baby  was  commonly  used  for  a  puppet  with 
which  children  play,  and  that  the  word  doll  was  unknown,  or  at  least 
not  in  common  use.  This  is  confirmed  by  Robert  Burton,  who 
translates — 

Ut  pueri  infantes  credunt  signa  omnia  ahena, 
Vivere,  et  esse  homines,  et  sic  isti  omnia  ficta, 
Vera  putant,  credunt  signis  cor  inesse  ahenis. 
By 

As  children  think  their  babies  live  to  be, 
Do  they  these  brazen  images  they  see. 

Anat.  Mel.,  vi.  edit.,  p.  675. 

And  by  the  Excise  Act  of  1656,  where  we  find  an  import  duty  of  nine 
shillings  per  dozen  laid  on  babies  heads  of  earth. — Scobell,  Acts  and  Ord., 
ii.,458. 

Lady  Strafford  says,  in  1712,  "  Her  face  is  exactly  like  a  sign  in  the 
Strand,  where  they  sell  babys." — Wentworth  Papers,  244. 

(3)  A  child's  word  for  a  picture. 

(4)  The  reflection  of  objects  seen  in  the  human  eye,  or  any 
other  small  reflecting  surface. 

A  lady  who  lives  at  Winterton  saw  some  little  children  gazing 
intently  at  a  door-knob  of  polished  brass.  She  asked  what  they  were 
doing,  and  the  reply  was.  "  Pleas  'm,  we're  lookin'  for  babbies. 

"  Angling  for  babies  in  his  mistress  eyes." — Cleveland,  Poems,  1665, 
p.  117. 

"  Sigh'd  and  lookt  babies  in  his  gloating  eyes." — Aphra  Behn,  The  City 
Heiress,  Act  III.,  sc.  i. 

"  To  look  babi-es  in  one  another's  eyes." — John  Scott,  Christian  Life, 
1696,  part  iv.,  p.  70. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  21 

BABBY-HOOSE.— A  doll's  house. 

Thaay've  the  grandest  ohd  babby-hoose  at that  I  iver  seed  ;  it's 

bigger  then  ony  chist  o'  drawers. 

Parson ,  he  plaays  aboot  wi'  chech  like  a  bairn  wi'  a  babby- 
hoose. 

BACCATOTAL.— A  total  abstainer  from  tobacco. 

I'm  alter 'd  fra  what  I  ewsed  to  be  ;  I'm  boath  teetoatal  and  baccatodtal 
noo. — Messingham,  1870. 

BACHELOR'S  BUTTON.— (i)  A  double  daisy. 

(2)  A  small  rose,  not  much  bigger  than  a  daisy. 

(3)  A  double  yellow  butter-cup  found  in  gardens. 

BACK  and  EDGE,  phr.— Entirely,  completely. 

He  was  beaten  back  an'  edge ;  he  hed  n't  a  wo'd  to  saay  for  his  sen. 

BACK-BAND. — A  chain  or  strap  passing  through  or  over  a 
cart-saddle  for  the  purpose  of  supporting  the  shafts. 

BACK-BOARD.— The  hind  board  of  a  cart. 

BACK-CAST. — (i)  A  relapse  in  sickness  or  a   backsliding   in 
religion. 

He  was  the  punct'alist  man  at  prayar  meatin's  ther'  was  e'  all 'th' 
toon,  but  he  got  a  straange  back-cast  thrif  that  lass  bein'  wi'  bairn  to 
him.—  Ashby,  1886. 

(2)  Backwater,  q.v. 
BACK-DOOR-TROT.— Diarrhoea. 

BACKEN,  v.— To  retard. 

Wheat's  been  very  much  backen'd  this  year  thrif  th'  frost. 
Dinner's  been  backen'd  a  good  hooer    thrif    soot  tum'lin  doon  th' 
chimla'. 

BACK  END.— (I)  The  hinder  part  of  a  thing. 

It's  at  th'  back-end  o'  th'  hoose,  just  agean  th'  watter-tub. 

(2)  Autumn. 

We'd  no  apples  to  speak  on  last  back-end. 

Them  back-end  anemones  isruinaated  wi'  drought,  Miss. 

(3)  Back  end  o'  th'  week,  Friday  and  Saturday. 

BACKENING.— A  hindrance. 

She's  got  a  backening  in  her  liggin-in  thrif  takkin'  cohd. 

BACK'ERD.— Backward. 

BACK'ERDS-WAAYS-ON,  BACK'ERDS-WAAYS-OHER, 

adv. — Backwards. 

Th'  bairn  get's  noa  good  at  school,  he's  goin'  back'erds-waays-on. 
He  tum'l'd  back'erds-waays-oher  doon  th'  graain'ry  steps. 


22  MAXI.KY    AN'D    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BACK-FRIEND.— A  secret  enemy. 

"  Some  of  my  back-fyiends  will  labour  to  let  as  many  see  their  teeth  as 
I  desire  may  see  the  truth." — John  Rosworm,  Good  Services,  1651,  in 
Palmer's  Hist,  of  Siege  of  Manchester,  p.  66. 

"When  he  was  with  his  back-friends  at  Swineshead." — Samuel  Pegge 
in  Archtfologia,  vol.  iv.,  p.  46. 

BACKHANDER.— A  back  stroke,  a  stroke  with  the  back  of 
the  hand. 

He  gev  him  a  backhander  into  th'  mooth. 

BACK-HOOSE-DYKE.— To  be  in  back-hoose-dyke  is  to  be  very 
far  behind-hand. 

I've  overligged  my  sen  this  mornin'  an'  hev'  been  e'  back-hoose-dyke 
all  th'  daay  thrif. 

BACKING. — (i)  Small  coal  or  cinders  thrown  on  the  back  of  a 
fire. 

(2)  The  retrogade  movement  of  a  horse. 

(3)  Support. 

He'd  niver  hev  goan  to  law  if  it  hedn't  been  for  .  .  .  backin'  on 
him. 

BACK-LANE. — A  narrow  road  or  street ;  not  a  highway  ;  or, 
if  a  highway,  one  that  is  but  little  used. 

Thaay're  buildin'  a  sight  o'  new  hooses  agean  As'by  back-laane  fer 
th'  iron-stoan  men  to  live  in. 

"  I  tooke  to  my  heels  as  hard  as  I  could  runne  and  got  my  selfe  into 
a  back-lane.'1 — Bernard,  Terence,  156. 

BACK  O'  BEYONT,  adv.  or  adj.— Very  far  behind-hand. 

BACK  ON. — To  urge  on,  to  support. 

His  muther  backs  him  on  in  ivery thing  he  duz. 

BACK-OUT,  v. — To  retreat  from  an  engagement. 

He  boht  th1  taaties  at  five  an'  twenty  pund  an  aacre,  but  th'  markit 
dropp'd,  an'  soa  he  tried  to  back-oot. 

BACK-RECKONING.— An    account   of  old  standing.     Used 
figuratively  of  old  causes  of  quarrel. 

I  could  do  very  well  wi'  my  ohd  man  noo,  if  he  wasn't  alus  reapin  up 
back-reckonings. 

I  doant  talk  much  aboot  it,  bud  I've  a  back-yeckonin'  to  paay  him  when 
I  nobut  get  a  chanche. 

I  JACK-RENT. — Unpaid  rent,  when  another  term  has  become 
due. 

BACKSET. — An  outshot  at  the  back  of  a  building. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  23 

BACKSIDE.— (i)  The  hinder  part  of  anything. 

"  A  old  paynted  clothe  hangyng  on  the  bakesyd  of  the  rood." — North- 
ainptonsh.  Inventories,  i6th  cent.,  in  Archtfologia,  vol.  xliii.,  p.  241. 

"The  back-laine  on  the  back-side  of  Mr.  Hindmarsh's  house." — Gains- 
burgh  Manor  Records,  1663,  in  Stark's  Hist.,  Gainsb.,  p.  262. 

(2)  Offices  behind  a  house. 

You'll  find  the  tool  o'  th'  backside,  nigh-hand  th'  swill-tub. 

"  I  haue  a  certaine  parlor  in  the  backside,  in  the  furthermost  part  of 
my  house ;  in  thither  was  a  bed  carried  and  covered  with  clothes." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  233. 

"  All  houses,  outhouses,  barnes,  stable  yardes,  backsydes,  ways, 
passages." — Particulars  of  Sale  of  Warren  in  Brumby,  1650. 

The  street  in  Winterton,  to  which  the  name  of  "  East  Street  "  has 

now  been  given,  was  previously  called  "  Mr. backside,"1'  from  the 

name  of  the  principal  inhabitant. 

(3)  Land  behind   a  house   running  down  to   a  back-lane  or 

street. 

"  The  gardens  and  backsides  be  divided  by  many  low,  dry  stone  walls, 
as  good  as  breast  workes.1' — 1642,  Relation  of  the  Action  before  Cyrencester, 

P-3- 

"  Postices,  Anglice  backsides." — Scotter,  Manor  Roll,  22  April,  1713. 

"  To  impound  all  swine  and  other  cat  el  that  shall  be  found  trespassing 
in  the  ....  back-sides  belonging  to  the  towne." — Gainsburgh 
Manor  Records,  1718,  in  Stark's  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  537. 

"Backside,  the  yard  or  ground  behind  a  house." — Penning,  Diet,  sub  voce 

"Curtilage,  sb.  a  gateroom  or  backside." — Ray,  S.  &•  E.  Country 
Words,  E.D.  S.,  p.  81. 

(4)  The  breech. 

BACK  UP. — A  person  is  said  to  have  his  back  tip  when  he  is 
sulky  or  sullen. 

"  You've  yer  back  up  to-daay  like  a  peggy  otchin  goin'  a  crabbin',"  is  a 
contemptuous  remark  made  to  an  ill-natured  person.  Hedgehogs  are 
believed  to  carry  crab-apples  to  their  haunts  by  rolling  or  falling  on 
them,  and  causing  the  fruit  to  stick  upon  their  spines. 

BACK  UP,  v. — To  support  ;  usually  in  a  bad  cause. 

If  thaay  summon  ye  up  to  Winterton,  I'll  go  an  back  ye  up. 

He  duzn't  want  noa  backin"1  up  at  all ;  his  caase  is  as  clear  as  daayleet. 

BACKWATER.— (i)  The  ebb  of  the  tide. 

(2)  The  water  near  the  side  of  a  river  which,  when  the  current 
is  strong,  flows  the  contrary  way  to  the  stream. 

(3)  The  superabundant  water  in  a  mill-dam,  by  the  force  of 
which  the  machinery  of  the  water-mill  is  hindered  from 
working. 

BACON-CRATCH. — A  wooden  frame  made  by  bars  crossing 
each  other  suspended  in  farm-house  kitchens  and  larders 
and  used  to  support  bacon. 

BACON-FLY. — An  insect,  the  larva  of  which  eats  bacon. 


'24  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BACON-HOOKS,  s.  pi.— Hooks  fastened  into  the  beams  of  a 
kitchen  or  larder  on  which  bacon  is  hung  to  dry. 

BAD,  adj.-(i)  Difficult,  hard. 

Haxey  field's  bad  to  beat  fer  grawin'  taaties  an'  wheat  year  efter  year* 
(2)    111. 

He's  tekken  bad  wi'  th'  ohd  complaaint,  an'  I  doan't  think  he'll  get 
oher  it  this  time. 

BAD  COMPLAINT.— Bad  disease.— Lues  vemrea. 

BADDER,  BADDEST,  adj.  comp.  and  superl.— Worse,  worst. 
I've  knawn  badder  things  then  this  happen  to  a  man,  a  vast  sight. 
It  was  the  baddest  year  we  iver  hed  fer  wild  ducks. 

BADGER,  t;.—(i)  To  tease. 
(2)  To  beat  down  in  price. 

BAD  HEART.— To  have. 

"  Well  it  maay  live,  but  I've  abad  heart  on  it ;  "  that  is,  I  am  doubtful 
of  its  Teco  very. 

BAD-HEARTED,  ^'.—Melancholy,  miserable,  downhearted. 

BADLY.— Unwell,  sickly. 

I'm  a  poor  badly  creatur  nog. 

BAG. — (i)  The  udder  of  a  cow  or  sheep. 

(2)  The  womb  of  any  animal. 

(3)  The  stomach  of  any  animal. 

"I  ....  have  frequently  found  the  principal  stomach  or  bay, 
as  the  farriers  term  it,  nearly  eaten  through  by  these  destructive 
vermin." — 1810,  Complete  Grazier,  p.  143. 

BAG,  v.— (i)  To  steal. 

(2)  To  cut  peas  with  a  reaping-hook. 

(3)  To  cut  peat  for  fuel. — See  BAGS. 

BAG  AND  BAGGAGE.— All  a  person's  household  goods. 

Thaay've  to'n'd  us  oot  i'to  New  Frodingham  toon-streat  bag  an' 
baggage. 

BAG-FOX. — A  fox  which  has  been  captured,  and  is  brought  in 
a  bag  to  be  turned  out  to  be  hunted. 

BAGGAGE. — A  worthless  person  of  the  female  sex  (often  used 
jocosely  without  offensive  meaning). 

BAGMENT.— (i)  Rubbish. 
(2)  Silly  talk. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  25 

BAGMENTALLY,  adj. — Rubbishy ;  usually  applied  to  an 
utterly  worthless  person. 

BAG  O'  MOONSHINE.— An  illusion,  a  foolish  tale. 

BAG  O'  TRICKS. — The  whole  set  or  quantity;  any  combina- 
tion of  things  which  are  naturally  connected  together. 

Th'  poany  com  doon  an'  brok  th'  shavs,  an'  smash'd  th'  whoale 
bag  0'  tricks  up  intirely. 

A  young  man  at  W ,  lately  "  broht  in  "  at  chapel,  prayed  for  the 

conversion  of  his  "  faather,  muther,  bruthers  an'  sisters,  an',  yea  Loord, 
all  th'  bag  o'  tricks  on  "em." 

BAG-PUDDING. — Any  pudding  which  is  enclosed  in  a  bag  or 
cloth  before  it  is  cooked. 

BAGS,  s.  pi. — Peat  cut  for  fuel ;  the  upper  part  consisting  of 
peat  intermixed  with  roots  of  grass,  when  cut  for  fuel  was 
called  bags ;  the  lower  consisting  of  peat  only  was  called 

turves. 

"  It  is  laide  in  paine  that  none  of  the  said  inhabitantes  shall  grave  or 
shote  any  bagges  beneath  Micklehouses  or  Triplinghouses,  or  beneath 
any  sik,  betwene  them  in  paine  of  every  load  to  the  contrarie,  xiid  " — 
Scotter,  Manor  Roll,  n  Oct.,  1599.  In  Archalogia,  vol.  xlvi.,  p.  388. 

Bagmoor,  near  Burton-upon-Stather,  possibly  derives  its  name  from 
these  bags.  There  is  a  place  called  Newington  Bagpath,  in  Glouces- 
tershire. The  spot  on  which  the  battle  of  the  Standard  was  fought 
was,  it  is  affirmed,  at  one  time,  called  Bagmore,  perhaps  because  bags 
were  wont  to  be  cut  there.'  A  mediaeval  annotator  of  Roger  de 
Houedene  tells  us  it  was  so  named  because  the  Scots  fleeing  from  the 
victors — "  Sarcinas  suas  a  se  projecerunt." — Rog.  de  Houed.,  Ed. 
Stubbs,  vol.  i.,  p.  101. 

Laurence,  of  Durham,  says  of  this  : 

"  Porro  locum  competenter  Baggamorain  nuncupant, 
In  quo  Scotti  mendicosas  sarcinas  exuerant." 

Laur.,  Durh.,  Dial.  (Surtees  Soc.),  75. 

There  was  in  the  time  of  King  John,  a  meadow  called  Baggethwaite, 
part  of  the  possessions  of  the  nunnery  of  Rosedale,  co.  York. — Mon. 
Aug.,  vol.  iv.,  p.  317. 

BAIRN.— A  child. 

Theare's  moore  bairns  then  business  agaate  n  DO. —1886. 

BAIRN,  v.— (I)  To  beget. 

(2)  To  conceive. 
BAIRN  ISH,  a^.—Childish. 
BAIRNISHNESS.— Childishness. 
BA1RNLESS,  ^'.—Childless. 

BAIRN-PLAY.— Foolish  sport. 

I  call  this  croakey  (croquet)  that  gentlefoaks  is  soa  fond  on  noht  but 
bairn-play. — 1875. 

"  Shooting  of  kings  is  no  bairns-play" — Kingsley,  The  Red  King. 


26  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BAIT. — A  rest  from  labour,  generally  for  the  purpose  of  taking 
food.  Commonly  used  in  relation  to  animals,  but  sometimes 
to  men  also.  See  BELOW. 

BAIT,  BATE,  v.—(i)  To  tease. 

(2)  To  cease  from  labour  for  a  short  time. 

Noo  then,  chaps,  we  mun  baa-it  a  bit. 

(3)  To  give  horses  a  short  rest  for  the  sake  of  taking  food. 

Thoo  mun  baait  thy  herses  twice  atween  here  an'  Gaainsb'r. 

(4)  To  cause  to  feed ;  also  to  feed,  to  take  refreshment. 

"That  no  man  shall  teather  nor  bate  ther  herse  within  the  meares, 
within  the  corne  landes,  except  every  man  of  his  owne." — Scotter,  Manor 
Roll,  26th  March,  1578. 

"  King  Athelstan  .  .  .  found  a  woman  bayting  of  a  cowe  upon  the 
waye  called  the  Fosseway.  .  .  .  This  woman  sate  on  a  stoole,  with 
the  cowe  fastened  by  a  rope  to  the  legge  of  the  stoole." — 1686-7.  Jonn 
Aubrey,  Remaines  of  Gentilisme  and  Judaism  (Folk  Lore  Soc.),  p.  136. 

"The  horses'  playful  neigh, 

From  rustic's  whips,  and  plough  and  waggon  free, 
Baiting  in  careless  freedom." 

John  Clare,  Sunday  Walks. 

The  two  verbs  bate  (from  abate]  and  bait  to  feed,  or  cause  to  bite,  seem 
to  have  become  confused  together. 

BAKED.— Encrusted  with  mud. 

Look  at  that  theare  soo,  Master  Edward ;  she's  fairly  baaked  wi'  sludge. 

BAKED  MEAT. — Roast  meat,  as  distinguished  from  boiled. 
"  Look  to  the  bak'd  meats,  good  Angelica." 

Romeo  and  Juliet,  Act  4,  sc.  iv.,  1.  6. 
"  The  funeral  bak'd  meats 
Did  coldly  furnish  forth  the  marriage  tables." 

Hamlet,  Act  i,  sc.  ii.,  1.  180. 

BAKED  ON  THE  SOLE.— Bread  is  said  to  be  baked  on  the, 
sole  when  it  is  baked  on  the  oven  shelf,  without  being 
confined  in  a  tin. 

BAKER'S-BREAD.— Bread  made  by  a  baker,  as  distinguished 
from  home-made  bread. 

BAKIN',  lit. — A  baking  ;  all  the  loaves  of  bread,  or  pieces  of 
pastry,  baked  at  one  time. 

We  hev'  a  heavy  baakin'  this  weak. 

BAKSTON,  lit. — A  bakestone.  An  iron  plate  with  an  iron  bow 
to  hang  by,  on  which  muffins  are  baked. — Cf.  Atkinson, 
Cleveland  Gloss.,  p.  25. 

BALD-FACED.— White  faced,  said  of  horses. 
BALK.— See  BAUK. 


MAKLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  27 

BALL,  v. — To  stick  together  ;  said  of  snow. 

It  was  pag-rag  daay  five-an-fo'ty  year  sin',  an'  I  roade  my  black 
mare  to  Brigg,  an'  th'  snaw  balVd  soa  I  thoht  noht  else  but  that  she 
wo'd  be  doon  ivery  minit.  Bottcsford,  1887. 

BAM. — A  deceitful  tale  told  for  temporary  amusement. 
BAM,  v. — To  deceive  for  amusement. 

BAMBOOZLE,  v. — To  deceive  ;  to  make  fun  of  by  some  foolish 
story. 

BANBURY-TALE.— Silly  talk.  The  phrase  Banbury  Glosses 
is  used  by  Bishop  Latimer  in  a  contemptuous  manner. — 
Vol.  ii.,  p.  299.  (Parker  Soc.) 

BAND  (i)  Anything  twisted  such  as  a  rope  or  a  string. 

(2)  A  leading  string  for  controlling  the  movements  of  a  child 
or  an  animal. 

I  mind  when  \ve  was  bairns  we  hed  a  moudiwarp  e'  a  band,  soa  as  we 
could  sea  how  it  thrust  itsen  i'to  th'  grand,  wioot  lettin  on  it  getawaay 
fra  us. — G.  T.t  1880. 

(3)  The  iron  work  on  a  door  to  which  the  hinges  or  sockets 
are  fastened  ;  frequently  used  for  the  hinge  itself. 

BAND-END,  v.— To  beat. 

If  ye  doan't  giv  oher  maakin'  this  here  row  I'll  band-end  ye,  and  quick 
an  all. 

BAND-MAKER. — A  woman  or  child  who  makes  bands  with 
which  to  tie  sheaves  in  harvest  time. 

BANDS. — Banns  of  marriage. 

M. — Do  it  respectable  wi'  parson  an'  bands  o'  marriage. 
N. — Naay,  not  fer  me  thenk  ye.     I  weant  tie  mysen  fer  good  to  noa 
woman. 

BANDY.— (i)  The  stick  with  which  the  game  of  hockey  is 
played  ;  and  hence  (2)  the  game  itself. 

BANDY,  v. — To  toss  backwards  and  forwards. 

BANDY-BALL. — A  game  called  fives  in  Scotland,  and  rackets 
in  the  south  of  England. 

BANG,  v. — (i)  To  throw  about,  to  beat,  to  shut  a  door  violently. 
She  was  that  mad  she  bang'd  th'  door  efter  her  as  thof  she'd  been  th' 
queen. 

(2)  To  surpass,  to  excel. 

Peatmoor  Parson  bangs  ony  body  I  iver  heard  at  preachin.' 

A  squire  having  asked  a  farmer  some  questions  as  to  the  best  way  of 

cultivating  his  land  received  for  a  reply,   "Well,  sir,   God's  seasons 
bangs  all  manigement." 


28  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BANGER.— (i)  Something  very  large. 

Well  really  them  sweades  is  bangers ;  I  niver  seed  noht  like  it. 
(2)  A  great  lie. 

Noo  then,  Jim,  noan  o'  your  bangers,  remember  it's  Sunda". 

BANGING,  adj. — Large,  strong,  excellent. 

BANGSTRAW. — A  nickname  for  one  who  thrashes  with  a  flail. 
We've  no  bangstmws  noo  as  we  ewst  to  hev  afoore  threshin'  machines 
cum'd  up. 

BANG  UP,  adj. — (i)  Very  good;  quite  up  to  the  mark. 
He's  chollus  e'  his  talk,  but  h?'s  bang  up  at  sattlin'  daay. 
Bang  up  is  sometimes  used  as  a  nickname  for  a  person  who  represents 
himself  as  very  strong,  powerful,  or  rich. 

(2)  Close  up. 

I've  a  saage  tree  grawin'  bang  up  e'  yon  corner. 

BANKER. — (i)  A  person  who  makes  banks,  a  drain-digger,  an 
excavator. 

"  The  writer  of  this  article  remembers  .  .  .  the  judge  and  bar 
being  equally  puzzled  by  being  told  that  a  disreputable  fellow,  whom, 
if  we  remember  rightly,  the  police  had  found  asleep  under  a  straw-stack 
was  a  banker.  "  A  banker"  exclaimed  the  judge  ..."  Yes,  sur, 
and  he  is  a  banker,  that  I'll  tak  my  bible  oath  on,  for  I  seed  him  mellin' 
doon  kids  at  the'  stathe  end  not  ower  three  weeks  sin',"  replied  the 
witness.  A  philologist  was  at  length  found  in  court,  who  explained 
that  a  banker  was,  in  the  Lincolnshire  Folk-Speech,  a  man  who  made 
banks,  that  mell  meant  to  hammer  with  a  wooden  mallet  or  mell,  and 
that  kid  was  a  faggot." — Stamford  Mercury,  yth  August,  1874. 

"  One  of  these  men  (from  the  Bedford  Level)  who  was  examined  as  a 
witness  at  Cambridge  Assizes,  being  asked,  as  usual,  what  he  was,  said, 
"  I  follow  fowling  and  fishing."  On  another  occasion  a  poor  man,  a 
witness  in  the  court,  said  in  answer  to  the  same  question,  "  A  banker." 
The  judge  remarked,  "  We  cannot  have  any  absurdity."  The  man 
replied,  "  I  am  a  banker,  my  Lord."  He  was  a  man  who  repaired  the 
banks  of  the  dykes." — Geo.  Pryme,  Autobiographic  Recollections,  p.  146. 

"  He  told  me  that  cranberries  had  not  been  discovered  at  that  place 
(Dersingham)  till  within  his  memory,  and  that  the  discovery  was  made 
by  some  bankers  (men  who  work  in  the  fens)  from  Lincolnshire." — John 
Freeman,  Life  of  William  Kirby,  p.  155. 

"  They  observed  six  men,  apparently  bankers,  proceeding  in  a  direction 
leading  from  Holbeach  Marsh  to  the  huts  at  Sutton  Wash." — Boston 
Gazette,  i2th  January,  1830. 

•'  Navvies  and  bankers  were  busy  there  in  shoals  under  the  direction  of 
the  great  Sir  John." — Lawrence  Cheny,  Ruth  and  Gabriel,  vol.  i.,  p.  7. 
Cf.  Murray,  Diet. 

(2)  Stones  piled  up  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  firm  founda- 
tion for  the  stone  on  which  a  mason  is  working. 

BANK  UP,  v.— To  heap  up. 

Th'  muck  was  bank'd  up  three  foot  high  agaain  Bottesworth  Chech 
wall. 

BANTLING.— A  pet  name  for  a  child. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  29 

BAR. — A  crow  bar. 

Fetch  th'  bar  an'  prise  it  up. 

BAR,  v. — To  stop,  to  forbid,  to  prohibit. 

He's  barred  takkin'  stroa  off  o'  land  by  th'  custom  o'  th'  cuntry  (a  law 
term) . 

BARBER,  v.— To  shave. 

I  alus  barber  my  sen  o'  Setterda'  neet  ready  for  Sunda'.  No  real 
Christian  iver  barber' 'd  his  sen  o'  a  Sunda',  thoo  knaws  that  thoo 
reprobaate. 

About  forty  years  ago,  Thomas  Carr,  a  poor  man,  living  at  Kirton- 
in-Lindsey,  called  on  the  Rev.  Robert  Ousby,  the  curate,  and  said — 
Sir,  I've  heard  a  straange,  bad  taale,  aboot  you.  I  knaw  it  isn't  trew, 
but  I  want  to  hear  you  contradict  it  fra  yer  awn  mooth.  A  man  tohti 
me  last  neet  'at  you  alus  barber'd  yersen  on  a  Sunda'  mornin'.  The 
clergyman  had  to  admit  the  charge  was  true,  and  poor  Tommy  Carr 
went  away  exceedingly  sorrowful. 

On  5th  December,  1732,  the  barbers  in  town  (Arbroath),  compeared 
before  the  session  in  answer  to  their  citation,  and  the  record  bears — 
"  Being  accused  of  profaning  the  Sabbath-day  by  shaving  people  and 
dressing  the  wigs  before  and  in  the  time  of  the  sermon." — Geo.  Hay, 
Hist,  of  Arbroath,  p.  239. 

In  1700  a  fine  of  five  shillings  was  imposed  by  the  authorities  of 
Pontefract  on  all  barbers  who  shaved  persons  on  Sunday. — Pontefract 
Book  of  Entries,  p.  2^5  cf.  J.  Horsfall  Turner,  Haworth,  Past  and 
Present,  p.  81. 

BARBERER.— A  barber. 

BARE  AS  A  BO'DS  TAAIL,  i.e.,  as  a  bird's  tail.— Said  of  a 
person  who  has  lost  everything  which  he  possessed. 

BARE  BACK.— To  ride  bareback  is  to  ride  without  a  saddle, 
horse-cloth,  or  other  covering  on  the  horse. 

BARE-BUB. — An  unfledged  bird.  The  names  boys  give  to 
young  birds  are  bare-bubs,  pen-feather' d  uns,flig'd  uns  andflig'd 
flyers. 

BARE  CART,  BARE  WAGGON.— A  cart  or  waggon  whose 
wheels  are  not  protected  by  iron  hoops  or  tiers  (obsolescent). 
Before  the  great  enclosures  of  the  last  century  almost  all  the 
highways  were  unstoned,  and  carts  and  waggons  frequently 
had  not  their  wheels  protected  by  iron. 

"  j  ironn  bound  wayne  and  j  other  onbounden." — Inventory  of  Priory 
of  St.  Thomas,  near  Stamford,  1538,  in  Archaologia,  vol.  xliii.,  p.  212. 

"One  shodd  wayne  and  one  bare  wayne  liij>." — Inventory  of  John 
Nevill,  of  Faldingworth,  1590  MS. 

"  In  1599  it  was  ordered  that  no  shod  cart — that  is,  a  cart,  the  wheels  of 
which  were  bound  with  iron — should  go  over  any  gutter  or  pavement 
of  stone  within  the  town  for  fear  of  doing  damage." — Charles  John 
Palmer,  Perlustration  of  Great  Yarmouth,  vol.  i.,  p.  24. 

The  wheels  of  bathing  machines  in  Britain  and  elsewhere  are,  at  the 
present  day,  sometimes  left  unshod  where  the  surface  they  have  to 
traverse  is  not  of  shingle  but  of  sand. 


SO  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BARGEST  (baargest). — A  ghost,  an  evil  spirit. 

Listenin'  to  Peggy  Richard  telltales  about  bargests.—Ralf  Skirlaugh. 
vol.  ii.,  p.  in.  Cf.  Scott,  Border  Min.,  vol.  i.,  p.  207,  ed.  1861. 
Murray,  Diet  ,  Barghest. 

BARING. — The  process  of  removing  the  upper  soil  previous  to 
digging  stone,  clay,  or  iron-stone. 

BARKED,  BARKLED,  pp.— Said  of  dirt  dried  on  the  skin  and 
hard  to  remove. 

Yer  ban's  is  fairly  barked  wi'  muck. 

I  was  that  barkled  wi'  muck  when  I  com  oot  of  Cleugh  Head,  I  thoht 
I  should  niver  get  mysen  clean  no  moore. 

BARM.— (i)  Yeast. 

"  For  salt  and  barm,  3jd." — Records  of  Corp.  of  Winchester,  28.  Hen. 
VIII.  in  Hist.  MSS.  Com.  Rep.  vi.,  604. 

(2)  The  brown  froth  which  collects  in  running  water. 

BARMY,  adj.— Weak,  foolish. 
A  soft  barmy  fool. 

BARN.— A  bairn,  a  child. 

Bessy  Morris's  barn !  tha  knaws  she  laaid  to  mea. — Lord  Tennison, 
Northern  Farmer,  st.  vi. 

BARN,  v. — To  put  in  a  barn. 

"Barn  or  stack  it  after  harvest." — Arth.  Young,  Agric.  of  Co.  Line., 
1799,  p.  164. 

BARNACLES. — Old-fashioned  spectacles  which  were  held  on 
the  nose  without  lateral  supports. 

BARN-YARD — The  fold  yard. 

BARREN,  BARON.— The  external  part  of  the  sexual  organs 
of  a  cow. 

Particular  attention  should  be  given  that  the  pudendum,  or  baron,  as 
it  is  sometimes  called,  be  not  lacerated. — Treatise  on  Live  Stock,  1810, 
p.  41. 

BARONY  LAND  (Obsolete). 

"  Sir  John  Thorrolde  hathe  land  (in  Corringham),  pretended  to  baronie 
Lande,  a  terme  given  to  all  suche  lande  within  the  Soke  which  are 
not  of  the  Soke." — Norden's  Survey  of  the  Soke  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey, 
1616,  p.  356.  "  In  others,  there  are  Barony  lands  that  owe  no  ttit  or 
service  to  the  prince,  so  that  two  courts  are  not  unfrequently  held  in 
these  parishes,  one  for  the  prince,  or  lord  of  the  manor  of  Kirtori,  in 
that  parish,  aud  the  other  for  the  lord  of  the  barony -lands." — Survey  of 
Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

BARRING,  prep.— Except. 

I'll  goa  wi'  ye  ony  day  barrin'  Thursda',  that's  Brigg  markit. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS, 

BARROW,  v. — To  wheel  in  a  barrow. 

Barm'  them  few  taaties  i'to  steam-hoose. 

BARROW-DRILL.— A  small  drill  which  is  pushed  forward  by 
hand  like  a  wheel-barrow. 

BARROW-HALE.— The  handle  of  a  wheel-barrow. 
BARS,  s.  pi.— The  ridges  on  the  roof  of  a  horse's  mouth. 

BARTLE,  BARTY. — Short  forms  of  Bartholomew. 
Bartle  is  a  Lincolnshire  surname. 

BARTON  BULLDOGS.— The  water  of  a  part  of  the  Humber, 
near  Barton,  which  is  often  turbulent. — See  HEZZLE 
WHELPS. 

BASS  (a,  as  in  lass). — (i)  A  kind  of  rush  from  which  matting 
is  made. 

(2). — Matting,  including  Russia  matting,  whether  woven  or  in 
strips,  as  used  for  tierng  up  garden  plants. 

(3). — A  hassock  made  of  rushes. 

(4). — A  limp  basket  made  of  rushes  in  which  carpenters  carry 
their  tools. 

(5). — The  lime  tree,  Tilia  par vi folia. 
(6). — Bass  in  Music. 

BASS-COLLAR. — A  collar  for  horses,  made  of  rushes  or 
matting. 

BASSINS,  5.  //.—Dressed  sheep  skins. 

BASSOCK.— (i)  A  thick  sod  used  for  fuel. 

"  That  none  shall  grave  any  sodes,  nor  turves,  nor  bassocks  of  the 
Sowthe  Easte  syde  of  the  Grene  Gaitte  and  abuttinge  of  the  South 
Weste  of  Grene  Howe  in  pena  vp.  viijd." — BotUsford  Manor  Roll,  1578. 

(2)  A  hassock  (1551). 

"  For  nattes  and  bassockes  for  J>e  quere  ij8.  ixd." — Louth,  Ch.  Ace.  ii.  97. 
" For abassecke  for  Mr.  Bulmer,  iiijd. — Kirton  in  Lindsey,  Ch.  Ace.,  1633." 

BASS-WOOD. — A  term  vaguely  used  by  carpenters  to  indicate 
several  kinds  of  soft  wood. 

Arthur  Young  mentions  having  seen  in  the  South  of  Lincolnshire  a 
wood  of  the  poplar  class  which  the  woodmen  called  Pill  Bass. — Line . 
Agric.,  1799,  213. 

BAST.— The  fibre  of  hemp  or  flax. 

"  Spread  it  on  stubbles  for  three  weeks  or  a  month  till  the  bast  clears 
easy  from  the  bun." — Arthur  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  159. 


32  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BASTE,  v.— (i)  To  beat. 

If  I  was  nobud  t'  tell  the  school  maister  he'd  baaste  th'  whole  lot  on 
you. 

(2)  A  term  used  in  sewing ;  to  run  together  with  long  stitches. 

BASTING.— A  beating. 

He  gev  him  a  good  baastin'  for  thrawin'  stoans  at  th'  turkey  cock. 

BAT. — (i)  A  habit.     Compare  a  policeman's  beat. 

Oor  parson's  at  his  ohd  bat  preachin'  agen  Methodises  and  Ranters. 

(2)  Rapidity  of  motion. 

Thaay  do  go  at  a  straange  bat  on  them  theare  raailroads. 

(3)  A  sharp  blow. 

He  fetch'd  me  such  a  bat  o'  th'  side  o'  my  head,  it  maade  all  my 
teath  chitter. 

(4)  A  sheaf  of  threshed  straw  or  reeds. 

I  alus  mak  th'  last  wheat  stack  I  hev  into  bats  agen  harvist  time. 

(5)  A  turf  used  for  burning. 

BAT,  v. — To  cover  with  bats. 

Stacks  are  batted  down  as  soon  as  they  are  "  topped  up,"  i.e.,  finished, 
by  having  bats  pinned  on  them  with  thatch  pegs.  After  the  harvest  has 
been  got  in  these  bats  are  removed  and  the  stack  is  thatched. 

To  cover  a  potatoe-pie  or  a  heap  of  turnips  or  mangel-wurzels  with 
straw  preparatory  to  putting  earth  upon  it,  it  is  called  batting  down. 

BAT-EYED,  adj.— Near  sighted.     Cf.  Murray's  Diet. 

BATE,  A. — A  habit  of  going  or  doing. 

Sam's  herse  hed  gotten  a  bate  o'  stoppin'  at  ivery  public-hoose  atween 
Barton  Watter-side  an'  Riseholme  To'npike. 

My  lad's  gotten  a  bate  o'  swearin',  all  thrif  goin'  to  that  damn'd 
school  o'  yours. 

BATE,  v. — To  abate,  to  diminish,  to  take  off  something  in  a 
bargain. 

I  wean't  baate  noht  at  all ;  so  you  tak  her  [a  cow]  or  leave  her  just  as 
you  hev  a  mind. — See  BAIT. 

BATE,  //.—A  bite. 

My  gran'muther,  she  naayther  bate  nor  supt  afoore  goin'  to  th' 
sacrament,  an'  niver  cum'd  oot  on  her  room  afoore  goin'  to  chech. 

BATH,  v. — To  bathe,  to  apply  fomentation. 

BATTEN. — A  board  of  foreign  timber  not  more  than  seven 
inches  wide  and  two  and  a-half  thick. — See  Murray's  Diet. 

BATTEN,  v.— To  cover  with  battens. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  3& 

BATTEN-DOOR.— A  door  made  of  boards  nailed  to  cross 
pieces  is  called  a  batten-door,  to  distinguish  it  from  a  panelled 
door. 

BATTER.— (i)  Soft,  horse-trampled  mud. 
(2)  A  slope,  as  the  side  of  a  drain,  a  bank,  &c. 

BATTER,  v. — A  surface  is  said  to  batter  when  it  slopes  from 
you  ;  as  the  side  of  a  ditch,  bank,  wall,  or  tower. 

BATTERFANGED,  adj.— Bruised,  beaten. 

"  Th'  Blyton  cabinet  hes  been  that  batterfang'd  aboot  so  as  no 
carpenter  can  mend  it." — J.  B.,  Messingham,  1867. 

He'd  been  a  so'dger  i'  th'  Roosian  war,  an'  com  hoame  reg'lar 
batterfanged. 

"  The  Pastor  lays  on  lusty  bangs, 
Whitehead  the  Pastor  batterfangs." 

Thomas  Ward,  England's  Reformation,  1716, 
p.  124.     Cf.  Murray,  Diet. 

BATTING-BOARD — i.e.,  a  beating-board ;  a  piece  of  wood 
used  by  thatchers  to  beat  down  the  thatch. 

BATTLEDOOR. — A  piece  of  cardboard  on  which  was  printed 
the  ABC,  the  Lord's  Prayer,  and  a  few  short  syllables, 
employed  as  a  substitute  for  the  horn-book.  Battledoors 
were  in  use  here,  in  dame's  schools,  in  1.843,  and  probably 
much  later. 

The  saying,  "  He  duz  n't  knaw  his  ABC  fra  a  battledoor,"  refers 
to  this,  and  not  to  the  battledoor  with  which  the  game  of  shuttlecock  is 
played. — Cf.  Murray,  Diet.  3. 

BATTLE-ROYAL.— (i)  A  cock-fighting  term. 

"Battle-royal  .  .  .  a  fight  between  three,  five,  or  seven  cocks  all 
engaged  together,  so  that  the  cock  which  stands  longest  gets  the  day." — 
Sportsman's  Diet.,  1785. 

(2)  A  fight  between  several  persons,  where  each  one  is  the 
antagonist  of  all  the  others. 

BATTLE-STAG.— A  game  cock. 
BATTLE-TWIG,  BETTLE-TWIG.— An  earwig. 

Ther'  was  a  man  as  com  fra  Kettering  side  as  tell'd  me  as  he  knaw'd 
a  woman  as  hed  hed  a  battle-twig  creap  into  her  ear,  an'  when  she  deed 
an1  th1  doctors  oppen'd  her  head,  it  hed  bred  her  braains  full  o'  worms. 


34  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BAUK. — (i)  A  beam  in  a  building. 

(2)  The  beam  of  a  plough,  a  pair  of  scales,  or  a  steelyard. 

"J  balhe  ferri  cum  les  scales  et  ponderibus." — Fabric  Rolls  of  York 
Minster  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  336. 

(3)  A  squared  beam  of  timber. 

(4)  An  upright  post  in  a  stud  and  mud  building. 

(5)  The   strip    of    unploughed    land    which    separates    one 
property  from  another  in  an  open  field. 

"  Richard  Welborne  for  plowing  vp  the  kings  meere  balk  vjd" — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Fine  Roll,  1632. 

Under  a  raised  ground  or  bank,  parallel  to  a  balk,  the  only  one  in 
the  field. — History  of  Lincoln,  1810,  p.  240. 

"  The  slips  of  cultivated  land    .    .    .    were  divided  by  green  balks. "- 
Alf.  John  Kempe  in  Archczologia,  vol.  xxvi.,  p.  369.     .Cf.  Fred.  Seebohm, 
Eng.  Village  Community,  pp.  4,  19,  20,  119,  382. 

"  Down  narrow  balks  that  intersect  the  fields.'1 — John  Clare,  Sunday 
Walks. 

(6)  The  little  ridges  left  in  ploughing. 

More  balks,  more  barley ;  more  seams,  more  beans. 

(7)  An  irregularity  or  ridge  on  the  ground. 

(8)  A  line  marked  on  the  ground  to  jump  from. 

BAUK. — To  hinder,  to  disappoint. 

An  ignorant  man  came  into  a  large  property,  and  as  a  consequence 
married  a  lady.  A  friend  whom  he  had  asked  to  dinner  had  neglected 
to  keep  his  appointment,  and  the  host  had  told  the  other  guests  that 
Mr.  .  .  .  had  banked  him.  The  wife,  when  the  guests  had  departed, 
rebuked  her  husband  for  having  used  such  anungenteel  word,  telling  him 
that  he  ought  to  have  said  that  he  had  suffered  a  disappointment.  The 
next  day  the  husband  was  drawing  sheep,  and  requiring  some  red  ochre 
with  which  to  mark  those  he  had  selected  for  market,  he  called  to  one 
of  his  farm  lads  saying,  "  Come  yow  here,  Jack,  an'  fetch  me  that  rud 
fra  o'ffn  th'  disappointment  i'  th'  laathe." 

BAUKER.— A  bauk,  q.v. 

BAUK-FILLING.— The  filling  up  with  bricks,  small  stones 
or  plaster,  of  the  angle  between  the  wall-plate  and  the  roof 
of  a  building. 

The  word  bemfillinge,  signifying  the  like  thing,  occurs  in  the  Norham 
Accounts  for  1344 — 5. — Raine,  North  Durham,  p.  276. 

B AUK-HOOKS,  s.  pi. — Iron  hooks  fastened  into  the  beams 
of  a  kitchen  or  larder  on  which  to  hang  bacon,  cooking- 
vessels,  &c. 

B  AUK-TREE. — The  principal  beam  in  a  building. 

"  I'll  niver  hev  a  theiif  like  that  undefnean  my  bauk-tree." 

BAUM.— -(i)  Barm,  i.e.,  yeast, 

(2)  The  pot-herb  balm,  Mellissa  Officiate. 


MAlStLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  3 

BAUM-TEA.— An  infusion  of  the  herb  balm  used  both  for 
drinking  and  for  fomentations. 

BAWCOCK.— A  foolish  person. 

BAW-TREE,  BOR-TREE,  BUR-TREE.— The  elder. 

BAWTRY-SALLAD,  the  weeds  which  come  down  the  river 
Trent  in  summer,  when  the  drains  and  ditches  which  com- 
municate with  it  in  the  earlier  part  of  its  course  are  being 
cleansed. 

BE.— By. 

"You'll  not  get  him  to  do  that  be  noa  means  whativer,  I  am  sewer 
on  it." 

BEAK. — (i)  The  out-shoot  of  a  spout,  a  gurgoyle. 

(2)  The  pointed  part  of  a  blacksmith's  anvil. 

(3)  The  reckin-hook,  the  hook  by  which  a  pot  is  suspended 
over  a  fire. 

BEAKER. — A  large  glass  or  cup  with  a  stem. 
BEAL. — The  lowing  of  oxen. 

BEAL,  BEAL-OUT,  v.— To  shout,  to  bellow,  to  cry  with 
much  noise. 

"Th"  bairn  beard  oot  that  bad,  I  was  clean  scar'd,  but  it  was  at  noht 
bud  a  battle-twig  'at  bed  crohled  up'n  his  airm." 

BEALING  COW. — A  cow  whose  calf  has  just  been  taken  from 
her. 

"  A  bedling  coo  soon  forgets  it  cauf.1' — Proverb. 

BEAM.— A  steelyard. 

"Them  oats  '11  weigh  tho'teen  stoan  to  th'  seek  at  th'  beam  this 
minnit." 

"  Waying  at  the  King  and  Quene's  beame,  in  thole  fourteen  thousand 
five  hundreth,  one  half  hundrethe  and  fyve  poundes." — Account  of 
Lincolnsh.  Bell  Metal,  1483  Miscel.  Excheq.  B  9.  i,  k.  5. 

BEAN-SWAD.— The  pod  of  a  bean. 

"Chuck  them  bedn-swads  to  pigs,  wilt  ta'." 

BEANT.— Is  not. 

It  bednt  his  an1  niver  was. 

He  bednt  a  gentleman  if  he  hes  lots  o1  brass. 

BEAR. — A  coarse  kind  of  barley. 

BEAR  A  HAND.— To  help  to  assist. 

"  Cum  noo,  bear  a  hand,  I  can't  get  this  peace  o'  wood  oot  'n  hohle  by 
mysen." — East  Butterwick,  May,  1884. 


36  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BEARANCE.— Toleration,  submission. 

This  is  beyond  all  bedrance ;   I  shall  give  warnin'  to  leave  tomorra' 
mornin' 

BEARD. — A  hedge  made  by  setting  branches  of  thorns  upright 
in   the   ground.      Making   hedges   of  this   kind   is   called 


BEARER.— (i)  A  corbel. 

(2)  A  floor  of  timber  submerged  in  a  ditch  or  drain,  for  the 
purpose  of  affording  a  safe  drinking-place  for  cattle. — Cf. 
Ralf  SkirlaugTi,  vol.  ii.,  p.  89. 

(3)  A  person  who  assists  in  carrying  a  corpse  to  burial. 

(4)  The  horizontal  support  of  a  wooden  bridge. 

BEAR  UP,  v. — To  recall  to  memory. 

I  knaw  his  naame  well  enif,  but  I  can't  bear  it  up  just  nco. 

BEAST,  BEAS.— Beast  is  often  used  as  a  plural  for  horned 
cattle,  the  more  common  form  is  beds. 

"  Eighty  short-horn  beast." — Sale  Bill,  1880. 

"  Ry chard  Holland  hath  taken  of  straungers  vj.  beas  to  gyest  in  the 
Lordes  commene." — Scatter  Manor  Roll,  5  &  6  Ph.  &  Mary. 

"  Richard  Richardsone  for  making  the  common  beas  foulde  vjs  viijd  . 
— Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1597. 

"All  ye  bease  both  old  &  young  23!!." — Invent,  of  John  Johnson  of 
Keadby,  1703. 

"  Them  Scotch  beds'  was  dear ;  thaay'll  eat  their  heads  off  afoore  gress 
begins  to  graw." — 1876. 

BEASTLINGS,  BESLINGS,  BISLINGS,  BEAST, 
BEASTINGS.— The  first  milk  of  a  cow  after  calving. 

Puddings  are  commonly  made  of  it ;  and  it  is  the  custom  to  send 
small  quantities  of  it  to  the  neighbours  as  presents.  It  is  very  unlucky 
not  to  distribute  gifts  of  bedstlings,  or  to  wash  out  the  vessels  in  which 
they  have  been  sent. 

"The  beestings,  or  first  milk  drawn  from  the  cow." — Treatise  on  Live 
Stock,  1810,  p.  44. 

BEAT. — A  bundle  of  flax  or  hemp. 

"Bind  the  femble  into  sheaves  or  beats." — Arthur  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  p.  159.  Cf.  North  Riding  Record-  Soc.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  365. 

BEAT  'EM. — The  conqueror ;  a  term  used  in  cock-fighting. 

BEATER. — (i)  A  flat  piece  of  wood  with  a  shaft  inserted 
diagonally  in  its  upper  surface,  used  for  crushing  the  seed 
vessels  of  flax. 

(2)  A  stick  with  a  knob  at  the  end,  used  for  mashing  potatoes. 

(3)  The  projecting  pieces  of  wood  inside  a  churn. 

BEAU-POT.— See  BOUGH-POT. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  87 

BEAUTIFUL,  adj. — Anything  pleasing  or  good  without  any 
relation  to  the  artistic,  picturesque,  or  poetical  faculties. 

"  Them's  the  bewtifulkst  pills  I  iver  took ;  thaay  run  thrif  one  like 
smack." 

BECK. — A  brook,  as  Grains^,  Bottesford  Beck. 

This  raain  hes  fill'd  all  th'  becks  an'  dikes;  ther'll  be  sum  banks 
brustin'  or  I'm  mistaan  ! — May  14,  1886. 

BECKSTOANS. — Stones  placed  at  intervals  in  the  bed  of  a 
beck  for  persons  to  step  upon.  Their  places  have  now,  in 
most  instances,  been  supplied  by  bridges. 

There  was  a  row  6'  beckstodns  at  th'  boddom  o'   Cruchinland  fer 
foaks  to  get  oher  into  Messingham  parish  by. 

BECK-BOTTOMS,  BECK-SIDES,  5.  //.—Low  lands  beside 
a  beck. 

BECK-RAILS,  s.  //.—Rails  placed  across  a  beck  to  hinder 
cattle  from  straying. 

BECOMED.— Become. 

What's  becum'd  o'  Soaphy  ?     I  hevn't  sean  her  for  years. 

BED.— (i)  The  piece  of  wood  which  lies  on  the  top  of  the  axle- 
tree  of  a  cart  or  waggon  for  the  soles  to  rest  on.  This  is 
also  called  packing. 

(2)  A  seam  in  clay  or  rock. 

There's  no  iron  to  speak  on  e'  th'  second  bed. 

(3)  A  woman  is  said  to  get  her  bed,  or  to  be  brought  to  bed, 
or  to  get  into  bed,  when  she  gives  birth  to  a  child. 

She's  just  aboot  ready  to  get  into  bed  agean,  if  her  husband  hes  been 
e'  Americaay  better  then  a  twel'-munth. 

(4)  "  He's  getten  oot  o'  th'  wrong  side  o'  th'  bed  this  mornin'," 
is  said  of  one  who  has  arisen  in  a  bad  temper. 

BED,  v. — (i)  To  lay  stones  evenly  in  a  wall. 

If  them  stoans  is  n't  dresst  square  they  weant  bed  reight. 

(2)  To  go  to  bed. 

"When  female  virtue  beds  with  manly  worth, 
We  catch  the  rapture  and  we  spread  it  forth." 

Bell  Inscn'pt.,  Kirton-in-Holland,  ii.  bell. 
"  And  we  will  wed,  and  we  will  bed, 
But  not  in  our  alley." 

S  alley  in  our  Alley. 

(3)  To  lay  litter  for  horses  or  cattle. 

Noo  then,  get  them  beas'  bedded,  it's  omust  neet. 

(4)  To  lie  flat,  even,  and  compact. 

Thoo  mun  watter  that  thack  well,  or  it  weant  bed  to  noa  meanin'. 


88  MANLEV   AND    CORRINGIIAM    WORDS. 

BEDDED,  #>.— (i)  In  bed. 

"  f)e  king  hire  hauide  wedded  and  haueden  ben  samen  bedded." — 
Havelok,  2270. 

(2)  Matted  as  corn  is  by  climbing  weeds. 
BEDDING.— (i)  Bedcloths. 

"  And  also  Nappery  and  Beddynge  sufficient  ffor  thejr  lodginge." — 
Lease  of  Scatter  Manor,  1537,  Pro.  Soc.  Ant.,  II.  series,  vol.  vi.,  p.  417. 

(2)  Stable  litter. 

We  mun  thresh  next  weak  or  we  sha'nt  hev  noa  beddin'  for  th"  herses. 

BEDE,  inter/. — Exclamation  to  horses,  meaning  "  Go  to  the 
right "  (obsolescent). 

BEDE-HOUSE. — An  alms  house.  There  were  formerly  three 
sides  of  a  quadrangle  of  cottages  at  Alkborough,  called 

bede- houses, 

BEDFAST,  ^'.—Confined  to  bed  by  illness. 

He  could  n't  cum,  he'd  been  bedfast  iver  sin'  Lammas. 

BED-HAPPIN'.— Bed-clothes. 

Yer  faather's  sich  a  man  for  bed  happin',  I  can't  put  him  enew 
blankits  on. 

BED-ROPES,  s.  pi.— The  ropes  which  knit  together  the  harden 
cloth,  between  the  bed  stocks  which  supports  the  mattress. 

BED- RUG. — A  counterpane,  a  coverlet. 

BED-STAFF.— A  pole  for  tucking  in  the  clothes  of  a  bed 
which  stands  with  one  of  its  sides  next  a  wall. 

BED-STICK.— A  bedroom  candlestick. 

Must  I  maake  the  shuts  and  bring  a  bed-stick. 

BEDSTOCK.— The  wooden  frame  of  a  bed,  sometimes  also  the 
bed-posts. 

"  Three  bedstoks  "  are  mentioned  in  the  inventory  of  Robert  Abraham, 
of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1520. — Gent.  Mag.  1864,  v°l-  *•>  P-  501- 

Thomas  Paulden,  in  his  MS.  account  of  the  taking  of  Pontefract 
Castle,  has  "contracting  all  his  strength  &  making  a  violent  passe, 
hitts  vpon  the  bed-stocke  with  his  rapier  &  breaks  it  in  three  or  foure 
pieces."  In  his  printed  account  of  the  same  transaction  the  word  has 
been  changed  into  "  bed-post." — Archtfologia,  vol.  xlvi.,  p.  57. — 
Somer's  Tracts,  vol.  vii.,  p.  5. 

BED  TWILT.— A  bed  quilt. 
BED-WOUNDS.— Bed  sores. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  89 

BEE-BEE. — Nurses  interjection,   meaning  go  to  sleep.     The 
same  as  lye-bye. 

BEE-BREAD.— A  substance  found  in  beehives,  not  honey  or 
wax. 

BEE-FLOWER.— The  wall-flower. 

BEELD.— A  shed. 

BEELD,  v.— To  build. 

BEERAWAY.— A  bat.     Vespertilio. 

BEERY,  ^/.—Somewhat  drunk. 

BEES. — Certain  kinds  of  large  flies  not  unlike  bees. 

BEE-SKEP.— A  bee-hive. 

I  was  once  at  Kirton  Sessions  when  a  woman  was  tried  for  stealin' 
a  bee-skep  full  of  beds. 

Some  old  ruinous  beshepp." — John  Day,  Parliament  of  Bees.  Ed.  A.  H. 
Bullen,  p.  18. 

"  He's  set  th'  bed-skep  in  a  buzz  ;"  that  is,  he  has  stirred  up  anger  or 
raked  up  scandal. 

BEETLE.— A  large  mallet. 

BEEFING,  BEFFLING,/ra.#w*.     (i)  Barking. 
(2)  Coughing. 

BEGGARLY. — Land    which    has    become    exhausted    from 
wanting  manure  is  said  to  have  become  beggarly. 

BEGINNER. — One  who  begins  something,  a  founder. 

The  first  beginner  o'  th'  New  Connection  Methodists,  was  Alexander 
Kilham,  of  Ep'uth. 

"  Of  all  things  great,  thou  great  beginner, 
Take  pity  on  a  garter'd  sinner." 

Burlesque  Epitaph  on  John  Sheffield,  Duke  of  Buckingham, 
Add.  MS.  5832,  fol.  160. 

BEGONE,  WOE-BEGONE,  disagreeably  surprised. 

I  lighted  on'em  boath  ahint  t'  stroa  stack,  an'  my  wo'd,  bud  thaay 
did  look  begone  when  thaay  seed  me. 

BE-GOR,    BE-GOCK,    BE-GOW,    BE-GUM,     BE-JEGS, 
BE-JEGGERS. — Forms  of  imprecation. 

BEHAVE,  v. — To  conduct  oneself  properly. 

Cum,  behaave  I  is  a  caution  often  given  to  obstreperous  children, 


40  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BEHAVIOR,  BEHAVOUR.— Good  manners. 

You  see  she'd  been  laady's  maaid  to  Miss ,  soa  she'd  gotten  to 

knaw  bshaaviour  as  well  as  ony  laady  e'  Linki'sheere. 

BEHOLDING,  part.— Beholden  to,  obliged  to. 

I'm  much  beholding  to  you,  sir,  for  them  sticks  you've  gin  us. 

I'll  not  be  beholding  to  you  for  a  farden. 

I  am  informed  that  beholding  is  the  regular  form  in  Shakespere  which 
is  preserved  in  the  Cambridge  and  Globe  editions,  but  altered  to 
beholden  in  most  others. 

"The  victory  is  much  beholding  to  him. — 1642.'' — Relation  of  Action 
before  Cirencester,  p.  6. 

"You  are  much  beholding  unto  them." — 1650,  Oliver  Cromwell  in 
Carlyle,  Lett,  and  Speeches  of  0.  C.,  vol.  ii.(  p.  131.  ' 

"  Aquinas  had  before  lighted  upon  the  former  and  refused  it,  and  he  is 
beholding  to  St.  Austin  and  the  school  of  the  Platonists  for  the  latter." 
— 1687,  John  Norris,  Miscellanies,  p.  194. 

BEIN',  BEIN'  AS.— As. 

"  Bein'  as  ye  weant  be  back  to  dinner  you'd  better  tek  sum  bread  an* 
chease  wi1  ye." 

"  Bein'  she  can't  abide  back-bitin',  I  wunder  she  lets  her  tung  run  on 
as  it  duz." 

BELAGGED,  //.—Muddied. 

"  I  was  that  belagged  wi'  pickin1  taaties  I  could  hardlins  get  hoam." 

BELCH. — Worthless  conversation  flavoured  with  dirt  or 
obscenity. 

BELDER,  v.— To  roar. 

What  are  ta  belderin'  e'  that  how  fer  ? 

BELFRY. — A  shed  made  of  wood,  sticks,  furze,  or  straw  ; 
sometimes  also  a  rick-stand. 

Symeon  of  Durham  tells  us  that  Henry  I.  "  ligneam  turrim  quam 
Berefreit  vocant  erexit." — Siirtees  Soc.  Ed.,  vol.  i.,  p.  124. 

Many  other  spellings  of  the  word  may  be  found  in  Du  Fresne  Gloss. 
sub  voc.  Belfredus. 

The  Scatter  Manor  Roll  of  the  first  of  Mary  says  that  Richard 
Robinson,  of  Messingham,  removed  "  ligna  sua  super  le  belfrey  et  jacent  in 
communi  via"  for  which  he  was  fined  ten  shillings. 

In  the  Inventory  of  John  Nevill,  of  Faldingworth,  taken  in  1590, 
occurs  "  the  belfrey  with  other  wood  xxs.  " 

A  complaint  was  made  to  a  Lindsey  justice  of  peace,  sitting  at 
Winterton  in  1873  that  the  belfry  of  ...  was  ruinous  and  liable  to 
fall  on  passers  by. 

BELIKE,  adv. — Probably,  apparently,  perhaps. 
Belike  I  maay,  but  I  doa  n't  gie  noa  promise. 

B£LK. — Force,  violence. 

Th'  chimley  pot  blew  off  wi'  such  an  a  belk,  I  thoht  noht  bud  that  it 
wo'd  ha'  cum'd  thriff  th'  roof. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  41 

BELK,  v.— (i)  To  belch. 

(2)  To  bask. 

That  theiire  ohd  dog's  alus  a  belkin'  i'  th'  sun  noo.     He  did  n't  do  e1 
that  how  when  I  fo'st  remember  him,  he  was  nobbut  a  pup  then. 
Doant  lig  belkin'  theare,  Bill,  but  get  up  an'  mind  thy  wark. 

BELKING,  adj. — Big,  clumsy,  unwieldly. 

A  great  belkin1  chap  like  that,  scarcelin's  fit  for  ony thing  bud  to  eat 
taaties  oot  'n  th'  road. 

A  methodist  preacher  recounting  his  experiences  during  a  sojourn  in 
Ireland  said,  '"'  an'  when  I  got  into  th'  hoose,  niver  mind  if  ther'  was 
n't  a  gret  belkin'  pig  ligged  e'  frunt  o'  th'  fire. 

BELL.— See  DEATH. 
BELL.— The  cry  of  deer. 

BELL-CHAMBER. — The  chamber  in  a  church  tower  where 
the  bells  hang. 

BELLER,  v.— To  bellow. 
BELL-FLOUR. — A  campanula. 

BELL-HOUSE. — The  room  whether  on  the  ground  floor  or 
otherwise,  where  the  ringers  stand  when  they  ring  the 
church  bells. 

BELLY-COURAGE.— Brag,  boast. 

BELL-MAN.— A  town  crier. 

A  family  at  Louth  took  their  name  of  Belman  from  one  or  more 
members  of  it  having  held  this  post. 

BELL-OVEN. — A  vessel  of  iron,  somewhat  like  a  flat-topped 
bell,  with  a  handle  at  the  top,  used  for  baking  cakes. 

The  hearth  where  the  wood  or  turf  fire  had  burnt  was  swept  clean, 
the  cakes  laid  upon  the  sole,  the  bell-oven  inverted  over  them  and 
covered  with  hot  ashes.  They  are  probably  out  of  use  in  this  part  of 
England,  but  we  believe  are  still  employed  in  the  North. 

BELLS,  s.  pi. — The  large  bubbles  formed  in  water  by  violent 
rain. 

"  It  bells,  it  bells,  it  bubbles  i'  th'  dike,"  is  a  child's  exclamation  on 
seeing  these  bells. 

BELLUS,  v. — To  bellow  ;  to  low  as  oxen  do. 

BELLY-BAND. — The  strap  under  a  horse's  body  in  harness  ; 
the  girths  of  a  saddle. 


42  MANLEV   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS, 

BELLY-FULL.— Enough,  a  sufficiency. 

He's  gotten  his  belly-full  this  time,  said  of  any  person  who  has  been 
completely  beaten. 

Divert  one  another  with  lies,  till  we  have  our  bellies  full." — N.  Bailey, 
Erasmus'  Coll,,  1725,  p.  25. 

BELLY-NAKED,  «#.— Entirely  naked. 

"  Some  in  their  shirts,  some  in  their  smockes, 
&  some  starke  belly-naked. 

Percy  Folio,  Loose  Sengs,  p.  24. 

BELLY-PIECE. — The  fleshy  portion  of  a  pig  near  the  hind 
quarters. 

BELLY-TIMBER.— Food. 

Annona  cara  est.  "  Corne  is  at  a  high  price;  victuals  are  deare  ; 
belly-timber  is  hard  to  come  by." — Bernard  Terence,  p.  73. 

"  An  ass  minds  nothing  for  a  cudgel  .  .  .  especially  if  you  give 
him  belly-timber." — N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  514. 

BELLY-VENGEANCE.— Sour  beer. 
BELLY-WORK.— The  colic. 

BELONG,  v.— (i)  To  be  the  property  of. 
That  pickin-furk  belongs  to  me. 

(2)  To  live  at,  or  work  at. 

I  belong  to  Scotter,  though  my  forelders  caame  fra  Blyton  side,  an' 
afoore  that  fra  Haxey. 

Do  you  belong  to  Peacock  farm  ? 

(3)  To  relate  to,  to  appertain  to. 

It  niver  belonged  to  my  business,  so  I  let  it  aloane. 

II  It  duz  n't  belong  to  bairns  to  knaw  ivery  thing  'ats  talk'd  on. 

(4)  To  form  part  of  a  set ;  to  form  the  proper  complement  of 
anything. 

This  here  king  o1  clubs  belonged  to  a  ohd  pack  o'  cards  my 
gran'muther  hed.- 

BELT,  //.—Built. 

This  house  was  belt  by  my  faather. 

BELTER- WERRITS.— A  teasing  child. 

Oh  deary  me  what  a  belter-werrits  thoo  art,  bairn  ! 

BEMAUL,  v. — To  maul ;   to  bruise  or  dirty  by  fighting   or 
rough  play. 

BEMASED.— Astonished,  dazzled. 

I  was  real  bemaased  when  I  seed  him  ;  I  thoht  he  was  in  "Merica. 
The  thunner  an1  lightnin'  bemaased  me  while  I  o'must  fell  i'to  Car 
dyke. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  43 

BEMOILED.— Dirtied  by  work. 

He  was  bemoil'd  all  oher  wi'  cleanin'  oot  Smith  warpin'  drean. 

BENEFIT. — A  reward,  used  ironically  for  punishment, 
chastisement. 

I'll  give  thy  bairn  a  benefit  next  time  he  puts  his  foot  in  my  gardin. 

BEN-KIT. — A  round  wooden  vessel  with  a  cover. 

BE-NOW,  adv.— By  this  time. 

She'll  hev'  gotten  her  things  on  be-noo. 

BENSIL,  v.— To  beat. 

I'll  bensil  you  if  iver  I  find  you  here  agean. 

BENSILLING.— A  beating. 

Dick  stoal  hairf  th'  pears  off  yon  tree,  soa  I  gev  him  a  good  bensillin\ 
an'  he  hes  n't  been  near-hand  sin'. 

BENTALL. — A  composite  drag  ;  an  iron  instrument  used  for 
tearing  up  the  surface  of  the  land,  named  after  its  inventor, 
Edward  Hammond  Bentall,  of  Heybridge,  Essex. 

BENTALL,  v.— To  use  a  lentall. 

BENTS,  s.  pi.— Dry  stalks  of  grass. 

"  Lady-fly  with  freckled  wings, 
Watch  her  up  the  tall  bent  climb." 

John  Clare,  Solitude. 

BEOUT,  conj.  and  prep.— Without,  unless. 

He  was  soa  scar'd  he  run  awaay  beoot  his  coat  an'  waais'-coat. 
I  can't  goa  beoot  you  lend  me  a  herse  to  ride  on. 

BERRIES,  s.  ^.—Goose-berries. 

"  I've  sell'd  a  many  berries  e'  my  time." — Yaddkthorpe,  John  Dent,  1841 

BERRY-PIE.— Goose-berry  pie. 
BERRY-TREE.— A  goose-berry  bush. 

BERTH. — A  fixed  occupation. 

He's  gotten  a  good  berth  noo  if  he  nobbut  hohd's  steady  an'  can 
keap  it. 

BESLITTEN.— Slit. 

•'  I  slit  a  sheet,  a  sheet  I  slit  ; 
A  new  beslitten  sheet  was  it." 

These  words  form  a  trial  of  skill  for  the  tongue  like  the  well-known 
Peter  Piper,  &c. 


44  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BESOM. — (i)  A  broom  made  of  birch  twigs  or  ling,  for  stable 
and  out-door  use. 

She's  as  good  fer  milkness  as  a  birk-trea  is  fer  bedsoms. 

(2)  "  He's  as  fond  as  a  bedsom"  signifies  that  the  person  spoken 
of  is  very  foolish. 

(3)  A  man  is  said  to  have  "  the  bedsom  oot,"  when  his  wife  has 
gone  from  home,  and  he  in  consequence  thereof  invites  his 
friends. 

BESOM-BET. — A  ploughboy,  who,  at  plough -jagging  time, 
impersonates  an  old  woman  with  a  besom. 

BESOM-BUSKS.— The  thick  abnormal  growth  of  small 
branches,  somewhat  like  birds'  nests,  frequently  found 
in  birch  trees. 

BESOM-HEAD.— A  foolish  person. 

BESOM-STUFF.— Birch  twigs,  ling,  or  other  small  sticks  of 
which  besoms  are  made. 

A  place  in  the  parish  of  Messingham  is  called  Besom  Car,  probably 
because  besom-stuff  used  formerly  to  grow  there. 

BESPEAK. — (i)  To  speak  to;  to  converse  with. 

I  niver  bespeak  him  noo ;  he  fell  oot  wi'  me  aboot  that  foal  o'  mine 
among  his  tar's. 
We  ewse'd  to  keap  cump'ny,  bud  I  hevn't  bespodk  her  sin'  Martlemas. 

(2)  To  promise. 

He'll  not  fall  to  hev  it,  bein'  as  I've  bespodh  it  fer  you,  Miss. 

BESSY.— (i)  An  ill-mannered  girl. 
(2)  A  harlot. 

BEST. — To  get  the  better  of  any  one  in  a  bargain  or  other 
matter  of  business. 

B hes  bested  'em  all  at  Scotton. 

Ohd  Squire  Heala'  says  to  me,  says  he,  "'tak  noatice  o'  what  I  saay, 
Tim,  fer  it  maay  be  o'  ewse  to  ye  sum  daay.  When  you  get  i'to 
truble,  alus  employ  sumbody  gaain-hand  hoam,  ony  fool  can  best  a 
London  lawyer." 

BESTOW.— To  put  away  carefully. 

1  bestow  my  Sunda'  cloas  awaay  i'  a  chist  o1  drawers  as  soon  as  I  tak 
'em  off. 

"  He  took  them  from  their  hands,  and  bestowed  them  in  the  house." — 
2  Kings,  ch.  v.,  v.  24. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  45 

BEST  PART. — The  greatest  part  or  number. 

A  clergyman  was  talking  to  a  sceptical  parishioner  on  matters 
pertaining  to  theology.  The  layman  remarked,  after  listening  to  an 
account  of  heaven  and  hell,  "  Well,  sir,  what  you  saay  maay  be'  all 
very  trew  for  them  that's  straange  an'  good  or  straange  an'  bad-like, 
but  i'  my  opinion  th'  best  part  goas  noawheare." 

BET,  pp.— Beaten. 

I'm  clean  bet,  worn  oot,  an'  dun  for. 

BETIMES,  adv.— Early. 

You  mun  call  me  betimes  i1  th'  mornin',  I'm  goin'  to  Lincoln. 

BETTER,  adj.  and  adv.— (i)  More. 

He'll  be  better  nor  fifty-five  year  ohd  efter  next  Saaint  Thomas  daay. 
It's  better  then  a  year  sin'  I  seed  him. 

(1514).  "j,  towell  diaper  iiij  yerdes  &  'better." — Louth  Church  Ace. 
MS.,  vol.  i.,  p.  225. 

(2)  Quite  well. 

Jim's  better,  m'm,  an1  's  goan  to  Scotter  Shaw,  but  Jemima's  nobut  a 
sore  poor  creatur  yit. 

BETTERING.— Making  better. 

He  went  to  Austraal'a  i'  th'  hoapes  o'  betterin'  his  sen'. 

BETTERMENT,  BETTERN  ESS.— Amendment,  improve- 
ment, especially  in  health. 

Well,  th'  doctors  says  he's  better,  but  I  can't  see  noa  betterment  in  him. 
He's  in  a  bit  less  paain  noo,  poor  thing ;  bud  I  sea  noa  real  betterness. 

BETTERMORE,  BETTERMOST,  ^'.—Better,  best. 

She's  gotten  her  bettermore  behaaviour  on  to-daay  wi'  her  Sunda'  goon. 
"  The  Club,  where  the  bettermost  parties  go  of  a  night  time,  to  get  rid 
of  their  wives." — John  Markenfield,  vol.  iii.,  p.  99. 

BETTER  THEN  SHOULD  BE.— A  man,  woman,  or  thing 
is  no  better  then  should  be,  when  the  character  or  position 
is  somewhat  doubtful. 

I  doa  n't  knaw  th'  reight  end  o'  noht  agen  her,  but  it  braaids  o'  me 
she's  no  better  than  she  should  be. 

BETTLE-TWIG.— See  BATTLE-TWIG. 
BETWEEN-WHILES.— See  BETWIXT-WHILES. 

BETWIX,  adv.— Betwixt. 

I  met  him  e'  th'  laane  betwix  Greenhoe  an'  th'  brick-yard. 

"  Sir  Christopher  satt  betwex  the  seid  John  Copuldyke  and  the  seid 
William  Tyrwhytt." — Star  Chamber  Proceedings,  Temp.  Hen.  viii.  in 
Proceedings  of  Soc.  Antiq.,  agth  April,  1869. 


4C  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHA^  WORDS. 

BETWIXT  and  BETWEEN,  phr.      (i)  In  an  intermediate 
state. 

Sarah  :  "  Was  it  daayleet  or  dusk  ? " 
George  :  "Well,  just  betwixt  an'  betwedn." 

(2)  Shuffling,  full  of  excuses. 

He's  what  I  call  a  betwixt  an'  betwedn  soort  'n  a  man,  alus  puts  you 
off  wi'  some  leein  taale  or  anuther ! 

BETWIXTWHILES,  BETWEENWHILES,   adv.— In  the 
interim. 

She  teaches  school  an'  duz  sowin'  betwednwhiles. 

1 '  Before  which  time  he  doth  not  take  him  in  unless  it  be  betwixtwhihs 
to  worke  him." — Tho.  Blundevill,  The  Four  Chiefest  Offices  Belonging  to 
Horsemanship,  circa  1593,  c.  v. 

BEW,  BEU GH.— A  bough  of  a  tree.     See  BIFF.     The  gutteral 
gh  is  still  heard  in  this  word  occasionally. 

BEWER.— A  gnat. 

Them  bewers  hes  bitten  me  that  bad,  I  hevn't  hed  a  wink  o'  sleap 
all  neet. 

BEWLT.— Built. 

Oed  John  Smith,  Jack's  granfaather,  be  wit  th'  barn  at  the  Moors  e* 
1805.  (The  ew  in  bewlt  sometimes  approaches  the  German  ii  in  sound.) 

BEYONT,  prep.— Behind. 

BEZZLE,  v.— To  drink  very  much. 

He's  allus  bezzlin';  I  fun'  him  last  harvist  in  Clarke's  marsh  aside  on 
a  beer  barril,  as  still  as  a  bea. 

BIB. — (i)  A  child's  pinafore. 
(2)  The  upper  part  of  an  apron. 

BIBBLE-BABBLE.— Childish  talk. 

BIBLE-OATH.— A  very  solemn  oath. 

I'd  tak'  my  bible-oath  on  it  if  it  was  th'  last  wo'd  I  was  iver  to  speak. 

BIBLE-TRUTH.— God's  truth,  q.v. 

BICKERMENT.— Quarrelling. 

Ther'  was  a  straange  bickerment  among  'em  all  aboot  draains  an' 
things. 

BIDDY  BASE. — A  game;  prisoners'  base. 

BIDE,  v. — (i)  To  bear,  support,  endure. 

Put  it  up  o'  my  shou'ders  I  can  bide  th'  waaight. 
I've  hed  a  deal  o'  illness  to  bide  e'  my  time. 

(2)  To  tarry. 

Bide  a  bit  in  Scallows  laane  an1  I'll  cum  to  the* 


MAKLEY  AND  CORRING^AM  WORDS.  4V 

BIFF. — The  bough  of  a  tree. 

Th'  K     .     .     .     parson  leant  a  stee  agen  a  biff  o'  an'  apple-trea  an1 
then  saw'd  it  off,  soa  he  tum'led  to  th'  grund  an'  brok'  his  airm. 

BIG,  adj. — (i)  Strong,  violent. 

I  ca'nt  bear  to  be  oot  in  a  big  wind. 
(2)  Big  wi'  bairn,  pregnant. 

BIG  AS  A  BARN  SIDE,  BIG   AS  A  BARN  DOOR,  BIG 
AS  A  HOUSE  SIDE. -Very  big. 

She  cot  me  a  shive  o'  chease  iv'ry  bit  as  big  as  a  barn  side. 
Faather's  maade  a  blotch  up  o'  th'  parlour  floor  as  big  as  a  barn  door. 

BIGGEN,  v. — To  increase  in  size,  to  grow  bigger. 
Tonups  is  bigennin*  fast  wi'  this  raain." 

BIGGEST,/*^.— The  greatest  part  or  number. 

The  biggest  part  o'  them  men  e'  Parliament  knaws  no  moore  aboot 
farmin'  consarns  then  a  swalla'  knaws  aboot  snaw-blasts. 

BILE  (beil). — A  boil.     "To  smart  like  a  bile"  is  a  common 
expression  used  to  describe  anything  that  is  very  sore. 

BILK,  v.— To  cheat. 
BILL.— A  bill-hook. 
BILLETING.— Fire-wood. 

BILLY-BOY.— A  sloop  or  river  craft. 

"  A  Humber  or  east-coast  boat  of  river-barge  build,  and  a  try  sail ;  a 
bluff-bowed  North-country  trader,  or  large  one-masted  vessel  of  burden." 
Smyth,  Sailor's  Word-Book,  sub  voc. 

We  remember  hearing  the  judge  of  the  assizes  fairly  puzzled  by  an 
old  Isle  of  Axholme  witness,  in  a  question  of  right  of  way,  who  said, 
"  He  were  an  awd  man,  and  he  cud  mind  'em  hugging  taters  oot  o't 
billy-boys  ower't  bank  intot  t'  rawd." — Sir  C.  H.  J.  Anderson,  Bart., 
Lincoln  Pocket  Guide,  p.  15. 

"The  Humber-keel  was  a  small  sea-going  vessel  trading  between 
Yarmouth  and  the  Humber;  also  called  a  billy-boy." — Palmer, 
Perlustration  of  Yarmouth,  vol.  ii.,  p.  353. 

BILLY-BOYS.— Small  black  clouds. 

It'll  raain  afoore  foher-an'-twenty  hooer  end  ;  th1  billy -boys  is  cumin" 
in  fra  Marnum  hoale. 

BILLY-BUCK.— A  fool  in  the  game  of  Plough-bullocks,  q.v. 

BIN  (bin),  pp.— Been. 

Wheare  hes  ta'  bin  ?     I've  biA  noa  wheares, 


48  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BINCH  (binch).— A  bench. 

I  mun  hev  a  new  binch  gotten  for  th'  carpenters'  shop,  that  theare  'at 
thy  faather  maade  's  rotten. 

"  With  that  Sir  Christopher  Ascought,  knyght,  rose  of  the  bynch." — 
Star  Chamber  Proceedings,  temp.  Henry  VIII.  in  Proceedings  of  Soc.  Antiq., 
2gth  April,  1869. 

BIND,  BINDWEED.— Pronounced  with  short  i.      The  wild 
convolvulus. 

BINDER. — Pronounced  with  short  i  (bind'ur).     (i)  A  person 
who  binds  sheaves  in  the  harvest  field. 

(2)  A  long  wand  of  willow  or  hazel,  used  for  binding  the  top 
of  a  newly  plashed  or  dead  hedge. 

(3)  A  person  who  binds  shoes  and  boots,  commonly  the  shoe- 
maker's wife  or  daughter. 

(4)  A  broad,  soft  piece  of  linen  wound  round  the  body  of  a 
newly-born  babe. 

(5)  A  large  stone  put  in  a  rubble  wall  to  act  as  a  tie. 

BING. — A  bin,  a  large  box  in  a  stable  used  for  containing  corn 
or  cut-meat. 

"  To  cover  the  bottles  in  the  bings  with  saw-dust  " — 1777,  Barry,  On 
Wines,  p.  82.  Cf.  Murray,  Diet.  3. 

BINGE  (binj),  v. — To  cause  a  wooden  vessel  to  swell  by  filling 
it  with  water  or  by  plunging  it  into  water. 

Chuck  that  theare  bucket  i'to  th'  pond  an'  let  it  binge,  it  runs  like 
my  ohd  aunt  tung  ! 

BINK  (bingk.) — (i)  A  workman's  bench. 

(2)  A  bench  to  sit  upon. 

(3)  A  wooden  hutch  to  put  coals  in. 

BIRDS,— Names  of. 

Billy  Biter    Blue  Titmouse 

Black-cap (i)  Bullfinch 

(2)  Great  Titmouse 

Blackhead Blackheaded  Gull,  Larus  Ridibundus 

Bog-bull,  Bog-bumper    Bittern 

Bottle  Tit Longtailed  Titmouse 

Butterbump ..Bittern 

Cad  Craw , Carrion  Crow 

Crane    Heron 

Crow  (pronounced  craw) Rook 

Cuddy  Hedge  Accentor 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  49 

BIRDS.— Names  of— (continued). 

Dab  Chick    Water  Hen 

Develin Swift 

Dish  Washer Pied  Wagtail 

Dollpopper Water  Hen 

Feather  Poke  Willow  Wren 

Felfur    (i)  Fieldfare 

(2)  Missel  Thrush 
.  Giller  Wren,  Gilliver  Wren. .  .  .Wren 

Gip-gip Fly  Catcher 

Glead,  Gled A  Kite  or  any  kind  of  Hawk  larger 

than  a  Sparrow-hawk 

Glimmer  Gowk   Owl 

Gooly    ,  .Yellow  Hammer 

Gowk Cuckoo 

Green  Plover  Lapwing 

Grey-backed  Craw Corvus  Comix 

Grey  Linnet Linota  Cannabina 

Heronsew Heron 

enny  Hoolet   Owl 

enny  Wren Wren 

inty Wren 

iCet  Craw Carrion  Crow 

Larrocks  Lark 

Maggot Magpie 

Magullat  Owl 

Meggit Magpie 

Megullat  Owl 

Mick-mick    Green  Woodpecker 

Midda'  Creak Landrail 

Nickill  Green  Woodpecker 

Peeweet,  Peewit Lapwing 

Peggy  Whitethroat    Common  Whitel  hroat 

Pheasan    Pheasant 

Pink Chaffinch 

Popinjay   Green  Woodpecker 

Py  wipe Lapwing 

Redcap Goldfinch 

Reed  Sparrow (i|  Sedge- Warbler 

(2)  Black-headed  Bunting 

Royston  Crow Corvus  Comix 

Sand  Pigeon    Stockdove 

Sea  Maw Sea  Mew 

Starnil Starling 

Shit-your-Breetches Red  Shank 

Sturm  Cock Missel  Thrush 

Wet-my-Neck A  bird  whose  cry  is  supposed  to 

represent   these  words,   and    to 

foretell  rain.  Possibly  the  Green 

Woodpecker 

Whaup Curlew 

White  Ciaw Black-headed  Gull 

Willa'  Biter Blue  Tit 

Wipe Lapwing 

Wood  Pigeon Ring  Dove 

BIRDS-NESTS.— Besom-busks,  q.v. 

£ 


50  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BIRK. — The  birch  tree.     There  is  a  place  in  the  parish  of  Lea 
where  birch  trees  formerly  grew  called  Birkhah  or  Birka. 

"  The  carline  wife's  three  sons  came  haine, 
And  their  hats  were  o'  the  birh." 

"  It  neither  grew  in  syke  nor  ditch, 

Nor  yet  on  any  sheugh  ; 
But  at  the  gates  o'  Paradise, 

That  birk  grew  faireneugh." 

Wife  of  Usher's  Well,  Scott.  Border  Min., 
vol.  iii.,  p.  259,  ed.  1861. 

BIRK-WINE. — Wine  made  from  the  sap  of  the  birch  tree. 
BISHOP,  v. — Milk  is  said  to  bishop  when  it  is  burnt  in  boiling. 

BIT.— (i)  A  little. 

I'm  a  bit  better  to-daay. 

(2)  A  while,  a  short  time. 

Waait  a  bit,  I'm  cumin'. 

(3)  The  wards  of  a  key. 

"  For  one  new  bit  for  a  key,  4d." — Louth  Ch.  Ace.,  1644,  vol.  iv.,  p.  167. 
(5)  A  diminutive. 

He's  a  little  bit  of  a  fella',  not  higher  then  his  muther  chen-dash. 

BITE. — Food,  commonly  a  very  small  portion. 
I've  nobbut  hed  just  a  bite  o'  bread  an'  chease. 

BITE,  v.— (i)  To  take  food. 

I  ha'nt  bitten  a  moothful  sin'  bra'fast. 

(2)  To  hold  fast,  said  of  screws,  cogged  wheels,  levers,  and 
the  like. 

(3)  To  vex. 

He  can't  tell  what  end's  cum'd  to  her,  it's  that  as  bites  him. 
"  Male  habet  virum  :  It  grieveth  him,  it  biteth  him." — Bernard,  Terence, 
p.  40. 

BITE  AND  SUP.— Food  and  drink. 

I  hev'nt  hed  aather  bite  or  sup  e'  my  husband's  hoose  for  a 
twel'munth. 

BITE  AND  SUP,  v.— To  take  food  and  drink. 

Ther'  was  a  man  at  Brumby,  Miss,  at  ewsed  to  saay  efter  ther'd 
been  a  nist  sup  o'  raain  e'  summer  time,  "  Heigh,  bud  th'  little  taaties 
will  bite  and  sup  efter  this." 

BITTERSWEET. — Solanum  dulcamara,  the  harmless  nightshade. 
BLAB. — A  gossip,  a  tell-tale. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  51 

BLAB,  v. — To  divulge  what  should  remain  secret,  to  bear  tales, 
to  gossip. 

BLACK,  adj. — Angry,  sullen. 

What's  goan  wrong,  thy  faather  looks  uncommon  black  this  mornin'  ? 

BLACK. — Mourning  clothes. 

BLACK,  v. — (i)  To  clean  boots,  shoes,  or  ironwork. 

I've  blacked  my  awn  graates  many  a  time,  and  could  do  it  agaain. 
(2)  To  blacken  the  character,  to  defame. 

BLACK  AND  BLUE.— Livid,  said  of  bruised  flesh. 

Her  shou'ders  was  all  black  and  blew  thrif  him  a-kickin'  on  her. 

BLACK  AND  WHITE.— In  writing. 

Ther's  no  chanch  o'  his  gettin'  oot  on   it,  fer  I  hev  it  all  doon  e' 

black  an'  white. 

BLACKBERRY.— The  black-currant. 

BLACK-BEAR-AWAY.— The  bat;  vespertilio.     Children  sing 
when  a  bat  appears — 

Black  bat,  bedr-awaay, 

Fly  oher  here  awaay, 

An'  cum  agean  anuther  daay  ; 

Black  bat,  bedr-awaay. 

BLACK  BULL.—"  Th'  black  bull's  trodden  on  him,"  that  i 
he  is  in  a  very  bad  temper. 

Bernard  uses  a  like  phrase  to  mean  misfortune,  "  Prosperitie  hangs 
on  his  sleeue  ;  the  blacks  oxt  cannot  tread  on  his  foot." — Terence,  p.  94. 

BLACK  CATTLE.— Horned  cattle. 
BLACK-CLOCK.— Any  sort  of  black  beetle. 
BLACK-COAT. — A  minister  of  religion. 

BLACK-DEATH,     BLACK-FEVER.— Typhus    or    typhoid 
fever. 

BLACK  DOG.— "  He's  gotten  th'  black  dog  on  his  back  this 
mornin',"  that  is,  he  is  in  a  bad  temper. 

BLACKEN. — To  make  black,  to  cast  evil  imputations  on  the 
character. 

Noo  then,  drop  that,  thoo  was  iv'ry  bit  as  bad  as  him,  an'  wo's ;  an' 
thoo  knaws  wittericks  hes  noa  call  to  blacken  clubtaails. 

BLACK  GLOVE. — Rain,  only  used  in  the  following  riddle : — 
Q  :  Roond  th'  hoose  an'  roond  the  hoose,  an'  leaves  a  black  gluv  i'  th' 
winda'  ? 
A  ;  Rain. 


52  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BLACK  JACK. — (i)  A  leathern  jug  for  ale.  Vessels  of  this 
kind  were  common  in  farm-house  kitchens  in  the  last 
century. 

The  author  possesses  a  black  jack  mounted  with  silver,  which  was 
made  for  one  of  his  forefathers,  inscribed  "  The  gift  of  George  Barteran 
to  Abigail,  1682." 

BLACK-JAUNDERS. — Jaundice  of  a  more  than  usually  severe 
kind  ;  so  called  from  the  dark  colour  of  the  skin  and  fceces, 
and  perhaps  also  from  its  highly  dangerous  character. 

BLACK-LEG. — A  disease  in  horned  cattle. 
BLACK-MOUTHED,  adj.— Foul  mouthed. 

BLACKS,  5.  pi. — Small  particles  of  soot  which  float  in  the 
atmosphere.  See  SMUTS. 

BLACKSMITH'S  DAUGHTER,  BLACKSMITH'S  WIFE.-- 
The  house-door  key. 

BLACK'S  MY  NAIL,  pkr.— Anything  evil. 

Noabody  niver  so  much  as  said  black's  my  naail  to  me,  when  I  liv'd  at 
Burringham. 

"Ah  defy  onny  body  gentle  or  simple  to  say  blacks  my  nail.'1'1 — A 
Dialogue  from  the  Register  Office  in  Halliwell's  Yorkshire  Anthology,  p.  21. 

BLACK-WATER.— A  disease  in  sheep. 

BLACK-WET,  adj. — Thoroughly  wet,  sodden  with  water. 

"  Last  Thursda'  I  hed  to  goa  doon  twice  to  th'  drean  head,  for  a  peace 
o'  wood   hed  gotten  into  th'  hohle,   an'  was  lettin'   tide  in,  an"  as  I 
cum'd  back  th'  last  time,  I  got  real  black-wet."1 — June  27,  1886. 
February  fill  dyke, 
Be  it  black,  or  be  it  white. 

BLACK  WTIND. — A  cold,  wintry  wind,  when  the  sky  is  over- 
cast with  dark  clouds. 

"  Is  it  goin'  to  raain  ?  Noa,  I  think  it's  nobbut  a  black  wind  cumin' 
on." — ist  Nov.,  1875. 

"  When  the  nights  are  dark  and  dreary, 
And  the  black  wind  harps  on  the  trees." 

The  Hawthorn,  May,  1872,  p.  92. 

BLACK  WINE.— Port  wine. 

BLADE. — A  leaf  of  grass,  corn,  sword  grass,  or  any  oth^r  long 
and  narrow  blade-like  leaf.  Never  applied,  as  in  the 
dialect  of  the  South  of  Scotland,  to  broad  flat  leaves  such 
as  cabbages,  lettuce,  turnips,  docks,  and  the  like. — Cf.  Dr. 
Murray  in  Notes  and  Queries,  vii.  series,  vol.  ii.,  p.  9. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  53 

BLAMED. — An    intensitive   often     used   instead   of  damned, 
confounded,  &c. 

"  Them  blaam'd  beas  hes  been  oher  beck  agean  among  oor  wheat ; 
this  is  nint  or  tent  time  wi'in  last  fo'tni't." — 28  July,  1887. 

BLAME,  v. — To  condemn. 

She  did  it,  bud  I  shall  alus  be  Waam't  for  it. 

BLAME,  BLAME  YOU,  interjec. — An  exclamation  of  anger. 

BLANK,  adj. — Disappointed. 

When  he  didn't  cum  she  did  look  sum  blank. 

BLANK  WINDOW.— A  sham  window. 

Squire:  "  Why  did  Mr.  B have  that  blank  window  put  in  his 

new  drawing-room  ?" 

Mason  :  'Cos  he's  afeard  o'  seein'  oher  much." 

BLANKET-PUDDING.— A    long,    round,    boiled    pudding, 
made  by  spreading  jam  over  paste  and  then  rolling  it  up. 

BLARING.— (i)  The  lowing  of  oxen. 

A  local  preacher,  discoursing  on  that  which  followed  Saul's  capture 
of  Agag  (i  Samuel,  chap,  xv.),  said:  "  You  sea  Samuel  was  a  prophet 
o'  th'  Looid,  an'  was  not  to  be  sucked  in  wi'  Saul's  lees,  soa  he  said  unto 
him,  '  Saul,'  says  he,  '  your  goin'  aboot  to  tell  me  'at  you'd  dun  as  the 
Lord  tell'd  ye  is  all  a  heap  o'  noht  at  all.  Do  ye  think  I  can't  hear 
them  theare  beas'  blarin'  and  bloorin,  an'  them  sheap  bedlin'  oot  ? 
Naaither  God  nor  me  is  deaf  man.' " 

(2)  Noisy,  senseless  talk. 

BLASH.— (i)  A  splash. 

(2)  Silly  talk. 

(3)  Soft  mud. 

That  foot-trod  oher  Mr.  Peacock's  wood-cloas'  is  that  full  of  blash,  I 
niverseedoht  like  it ;  if  he'd  to  foot  it  theare  reg'lar  as  I  hev  daay  efter 
daay  he'd  hev  it  reightledl 

(4)  A   small,  shallow  pool  of  water,  such   as  gathers   in  the 
hollows  or  furrows  of  a  field. 

BLASH,  v.— To  splash. 

If  ye  swill  watter  aboot  i'  that  how,  you'll  blash  th'  wall  roots  all 
oher. 

BLASHY,  adj. — Thin,  poor,  watery,  muddy. 
Well,  this  is  blashy  tea,  muther. 
Th'  road  fra  Gunness  to  Burringham  's  blashwrnoo  then  iver  I  seed  it. 

BLAST. — (i)  Long  continued  frost. 

It  was  a  tedious  blast,  it  lasted  tho'teen  weaks. 

(2)  A  blight. 

Th'  wheat  i'  th'  plantin'  cloas'  is  blasted  wi'  mildew. 


54  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BLATE  (blait),  v. — To  bleat  as  a  sheep. 
BLATHER,  BLATTER.— See  BLETHER. 
BLAW. — A  blow,  a  stroke. 

BLAW,  i-.— (i)  To  blossom. 

(2)  To  blow. 

"  For  Waiving  organs  by   the  hole  yer  iijs  iiijd"  (1506). — Louth   Ch. 
Ace.,  vol.  i.,  p.  131. 

(3)  To  breathe. 

(4)  To  pant. 

You've  ridden  middlin'  hard  or  yer  herse  wo'd  n't  blaw  like  that. 

BLAWD,  jW.  t.  and  pp.  (i)  Blew,  blown. 

"  My  wod  !     It  was  a  wind  fifteen  year  sin'  last  Wissun  Munda' !     It 
blawd  Brigg  goods-staation  flat  doon  to  th'  grand." — 1877. 

(2)  Fly-blown. 

Meat's  that  blawd  it  isn't  fit  fer  Christ'ans  ;  thoo  ma'  gie  it  to  Gip  as 
soon  as  ta  likes. 

(3)  I'll  be  blawd,  a  form  of  cursing  similar  to  blast  me. 

BLAWD  ON,  pp. — Blown  upon  ;  spoken  ill  of,  with  or  without 
just  cause. 

Her  character  hes  been  blawd  on  high  an'  low. 

BLAWER. — A  blower,  a  machine  for  winnowing  corn. 
BLAW- OCT.— A  very  hearty  meal. 

BLAW-PIPE. — A   child's  toy  for   blowing   peas   or   arrows  ; 
commonly  made  of  the  stalk  of  hemlock. 

BLAW-UP.— (i)  An  explosion. 

Ther's  been  anuther  blaw-up  at  Frodingham  fo'nises. 

(2)  A  quarrel. 

Him  an'  her  hes  hed  a  straange  blaw-up. 

BLOW-UP,  v.— (i)  To  swell. 

His  eyelid  was  tang'd  wi'  a  bea  an'  was  that  blawd-up  it  was  a  reg'lar 
sight. 

(2)  To  scold. 

She  blaw'd-up  sky  high. 

(3)  An  embankment  or  sluice  is  said  to  blaw-up  when  it  bursts. 

"The  barrier  bank  hes  blawed-up  at  Gaainsb'r,  an'  th'  watter's  eaght 
foot  deap  up  o'  th'  wrong  side." — May  26,  1886. 

(4)  Anything  inflated  by  wind  or  gas  is  said  to  be  blawn-up. 

His  steers  got  among  red-cloaver,  an'  three  on  'em  was  bad  heav'd  ; 
one  on  'em  was  that  blawd-up  'at  it  deed. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  55 

BLAW-WELL.— (i)  A  blow-well,  q.v. 

(2)  An  intermittent  spring. 

(3)  A  place  in  boggy  land,  where  marsh  gas  rises  up  to  the 
surface  in  bubbles. 

BLAZE. — A  white  mark  on  a  horse's  face. 

BLAZE,  v. — (i)  To  spread  tales  abroad. 

He  blaazed  them  mucky  lees  all  thrif  cuntry-side,  he  did. 

(2)  To  mark  a  tree  for  felling. 

(3)  When  a  tree  is  struck  by  lighning,  it  is  said  to  be  blazed. 
BLEARING.— (i)  Crying. 

(2)  The  lowing  of  oxen,  the  bleating  of  sheep. 
BLEB.— (i)  A  bubble. 
(2)  A  blister  on  the  skin. 

BLEE. — Colour,  complexion,  only  occurs  coupled  with  blench. 
She  niver  blenched  a  blee,  whativer  he  said  to  her,  that  is,  she  never 
changed  colour. 

BLENCH,  v. — To  change  colour. 

He  niver  blench' d  noht,  though  he  was  swearin'  false  all  time. 

BLEND-CORN.— Rye  and  wheat  mixed. 

BLESSED. — An  intensitive,  often  used  in  the  sense  of  damned 
or  confounded. 

A  similar  transfer  of  meaning  occurs  in  the  Vulgate  versionof  Job,  j.  5. 
"  Ne  forte  peccaverint  filii  mei,  et  benedixerent  Deo  in  cordibus  suis." 

In  some  editions  of  the  Douay  version  there  is  a  note  on  this  passage  : 
"  For  greater  horror  of  the  very  thought  of  blasphemy,  the  scripture 

.     .    [here]  uses  the  word  bless  to  signify  its  contrary." 

That  haail  o'  Sunda'  brok  ivery  blessed  paane  e'  th'  winda's  o'  th' 
sooth  side  o'  th'  hoose. 

What  a  blessid  fool  ...  is  ;  he's  alus  aaither  drunk  or  carryin' 
on  wi'  women. 

BLETHER,  BLATHER.— (i)  A  bladder. 

Missis  gev.me  a  blether  o'  saam. 

There  exists  a  parody,  which  I  have  never  seen  in  a  printed  form,  of 
the  song,  "  I'd  be  a  butterfly,"  which  begins: — 
"  I'd  be  a  bottle  flee, 
Born  e'  a  blether." 

(2)  Soft  mud,  such  as  is  scraped  off  roads,  and  other  things  of 
such-like  consistency  ;  often  used  figuratively. 

Well,  ther'  is  sum  blether  upo'  them  theare  Gloucestersheere  roads  ! 
Doa'nt    you  be   oher  contented   Jack ;    satisfied  foaks  hes   gen'lins 
blather  e'steiid  o'  braains,  an'  alus  falls  moore  wark  then  waages. 

(3)  The  lowing  of  a  calf. 

(4)  Noisy  or  foolish  talk. 


50  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BLETHER,  v. — To  cry,  to  weep  with  much  noise. 

BLETHER-DICK. — (i)  A  character  among  mummers. 

(2)  A  boy  armed  with  a  blown  bladder,  attached  to  the  end  of 
a  long  stick  by  about  half  a  yard  of  string,  with  which  he 
pursues  his  playmates. 

BLETHERHEAD.— A  foolish  noisy  person. 

I  can't  tell  wheare  all  them  bletherhedds  cums  fra'  at  runs  yawpin1 
aboot  at  'lection  time  ? 

BLETHERMENT.— Noisy  talk. 

BLETHER  O''  SAAM. — A  nickname  for  a  man  with  a  bald 
head. 

BLIND  (with  a  short  i). — A  pretence,  a  stratagem. 

He  pretended  to  be  deaf  for  a  blind ;  he  could  hear  as  well  as  I  could. 

BLIND-BOIL. — A  boil  that  does  not  come  to  a  head. 
BLIND-DRUNK,  adj.— Very  drunk. 

BLIND-EARS,  s.  pi. — Ears  of  corn  with  no  grain  in  them. 
See  DEAF  CORN. 

BLIND-HELTER.— The  head-gear  of  a  horse. 
BLIND-MAN'S-HOLIDAY.— Twilight. 
BLIND  MOUSE.— The  shrew. 

BLIND  POTATOE. — A  potatoe  is  said  to  be  blind  when  it 
is  thought  to  have  no  "  eyes,"  or  when  the  "eyes"  have 
been  destroyed. — Geo.  Todd,  4th  April,  1878. 

BLINK.— A  wink. 

BLINK,  v. — To  wink,  to  wince. 

Th'  sun  mak's  one  blink. 

He'll   not  blink   at   oht   when   ther's   ony thing  to   be    gotten. —  Cf. 
Havelock,  307. 

BLINKER.— A  horse-bluft. 
BLINKERS.— Spectacles. 
BLISH-BLASH.— Idle  talk. 
BLOAR.     See  BLOOR. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  57 

BLOB,     (i)  A  splash. 

He  did  maake  a  blob  when  he  tum'l'd  i'to  th'  beck. 

(2)  A  large  drop. 

The  waiter  was  hingin'  e'  blobs  up  o'  th'  eave  straws. 

(3)  A  pear-shaped  piece  of  lead  which  forms  the  weight  of  a 
mason's  level. 

BLOBBING. — A  method  of  catching  eels  by  means  of  worms 
strung  on  a  worsted  thread. 

BLOB-KITE. — A  fish,  the  barbolt  or  eel-pout. 

The  first  blob-kite  I  iver  caught  was  e'  Peacock  warpin'  drean  ;  I 
thoht  it  was  sum  kind  on  a  toad  an'  dar'n't  tuch  it,  soil  I  hammer'd  it 
all  to  bits  off  the  hook  agean  a  yaate  stohp. 

BLOOD,  v.— To  bleed. 

Th'  hoss  was  blooded  three  times,  but  he  deed  for  all  that. 
(1664)    "  For   Will.  Walker  blooding  and  other  charges,  September 
i5th,  is.  6d. — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace. 

BLOOD-HORSE. — A  thorough-bred  race-horse. 

BLOODING-IRON.— A  fleam  for  bleeding  horses.     We  are 
told  in  the  ballad  of  the  "  Death  of  Robin  Hood"  that  the 
Prioress  of  Kirkless  went  down  to  him — 
"  With  a  pair  of  blood-irons  in  her  hands." 

And  that 

"  She  laid  the  blood-irons  to  Robin  Hood'.s  vaine. 

Alacke,  the  more  pitie  ! 
&  pearct  the  vaine  &  let  out  the  bloode 
That  full  red  was  to  see." 

Percy  Folio,  vol.  i.,  p.  56. 

BLOOD-STALE. — A  disease  of  horses,  in  which  the  urine 
passes  away  mingled  with  blood. — Cf.,  L.  Towne,  Farmer 
and  Grazier's  Guide,  1816,  p.  21. 

BLOOD-STICK. — A  knobbed  stick  for  striking  the  fleam  in 
bleeding  horses. 

BLOOD-SUCKER.— A  gad-fly. 

BLOODY,  adj. — (i)  Well-bred,  coming  of  a  good  stock. 
Commonly  used  with  regard  to  animals,  but  sometimes 
also  as -to  human  beings. 

That's  a  bloody  tit  th'  Squire  rides  noo. 

He  cums  of  a  bloody  stock,  that's  why  he's  kind  to  poor  foaks. 

(2)  Before  the  French  Revolution  put  all  previous  history 
out  of  men's  heads,  at  convivial  meetings  in  these  parts, 
there  was  a  common  toast — 

"  May  times  mend  and  down  with  the  bloody  Brunswicks." 


58  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BLOOR,  r. — (i)  To  bellow  as  oxen  do. 

(2)  To  cry  loudly,  commonly  used  in  relation  to  children. 

BLOSSOM. — An  ironical  term  for  an  untidy  girl. 
BLOT. — The  report  of  a  gun  or  pistol. 

BLOT,  v.— To  shoot. 

I'll  not  hev  thoo  blottin'  aboot  \vi'  that  theare  pistil,  thoo'll  be 
shuttin'  sumbody. 

BLOTCH.— A  blot. 

BLOTCH,  r.— To  blot. 

Noo,  lads,  doant  blotch  yer  books  nor  suck  yer  pens. 

BLOTCH-PAPER.— Blotting-paper. 

BLOW- WELL. — A  spring  in  the  bed  or  foreshore  of  a  river. 

"  From  the  treacherous  and  boggy  nature  of  the  soil  and  the  many 
concealed  blow-i;'eUs." — Cordeaux,  Birds  of  the  Humber,  p.  61. 

BLUBBER,  v. — To  weep  noisily. 

"  Forthwith  the  \voman  left  her  web  and  all  to  be  blubbered  her 
cheekes  with  weeping." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  195. 

BLUBBER-LIPPED,  «<//'.— Having  thick  lips. 

BLUE. — The  Liberal  colour  in  Lindsey. 

I've  been  Bten1  all  my  life,  an1  my  fore-elders  was  an'  all,  an'  I'm  not 
agooin  to  chaange  just  becos  a  woman  \vi'  a  title  cums  to  sea  me  an' 
butters  me  doon  at  'lection  time. 

BLUE-BOTTLE.— (i)     A    large    prismatic-coloured    fly;    a 
meat  fly. 

(2)  A  plant  having  a  blue  flower,  which  grows  among  corn.— 
Centaitrea  Cyanus. 

BLUE  MILK. — Milk  frcm  which  the  cream  has  been  taken. 
BLUE  MILK  CHEESE.— Cheese  made  of  blue  milk. 

BLUE  NOSED  BARLEY.— Barley  which  turns  blue  at  one 
end  of  the  grain  before  it  is  ripe. 

BLUFF. — A  halo  round  the  moon. 
BLUFT,  BLUFF,  BLUFTER.— A  blinker. 
BLUFT-HELTER.— A  halter  to  which  blinkers  are  attached. 

BLUNDER,  r. — To  make  turbid. 

Please  sir,  sum  lads  hes  been  blundt-rin'  th'  watter  e'  Saaint  John 
Well. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  59 

BLUSTERLY.— (i)  Windy. 

It's  been  the  blusterliest  summer  e'  all  my  time. 

(2)  Violent  in  temper  or  language. 

BLUSTRATION.— The  act  of  blustering. 

You  sea  we've  gotten  oor  man  i'to  Parliament  for  all  the  blustraation 
of  you  Tories. 

BOAK,  v. — To  retch,  to  be  on  the  point  of  vomiting. 

"  Bake,  vox  agro  Lincoln,  familiaris  nobis  significat  nauseare,  ad 
vomitum  tendere,  etiam  eructari." — Skinner,  Etymologicon. 

BOAN  (boa-h'n.)— A  bone. 

BOARD  CLOTH.— A  table  cloth  (obsolete.) 

"  Item  bordcloythes  xiijs.  iiij  " — Inventory  of  Richard  Allele,  of  Scal- 
thorpe,  1551. 

BOARDEN-BRIG.— A  bridge  made  of  timber. 

There  is  a  bridge  in  the  parish  of  Bottesford  which  was  built  of 
stone  about  twenty-two  years  ago,  but  as  it  replaced  a  timber  structure 
it  is  still  called  the  Bodrdcn  Brig. 

BOARDENING,  BOARDS,  BOARDING.— Boards  are  called 
boards  when  not  in  use,  but  boardening  when  employed. 

We  mun  hev'  sum  bodrdenin'  fixed  up  atwean  th'  corn-chaamber  an' 
the  malt-hoose. 

BOARDEN-TRAY. — A  tray  (q.v.)  covered  with  boards,  used 
in  lambing-tirne  and  in  bleak  weather  to  afford  shelter  to 
the  ewes  and  lambs. 

BOAR-SEG. — A  boar  which  has  been  castrated  when  fully 
grown. 

BOAT,  v. — A  horse  is  said  to  "  boat  well  "  or  "  be  a  good 
boater  "  when  it  willingly  goes  into  a  ferry-boat. 

BOAT-CHOCKS,  s.  pi.— The  blocks  of  wood  on  which  a  boat 
rests  when  on  land  or  on  the  deck  of  a  vessel. 

BOAT-GEAR  (boat'gear). — The  furniture  of  a  boat,  such  as 
oars,  boat-hook,  and  bucket. 

BOATH  (boa-h'th).— Both. 

BOB. — (i)  The  weight  of  a  plummet. 

(2)  A  technical  term  used  in  bell-ringing. 

(3)  A  knob-like  lump  of  hair  or  fibre. 

She  duz  her  hair  e1  a  little  bob  o'  weak  daays. 


60  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BOB,  v. — (i)  To  duck  the  head,  to  stoop,  to  bow,  to  curtsey. 

He  was  on  th!  top  o'  th'  coach,  an'  did  n't  bob  his  head,  as  he  went 
under  th'  archway,  an'  thrif  that  he  \vas  very  nigh  kill'd. 

(2)  To  form  into  a  "  bob,"  hence,  to  set  in  order. 
Bob  up  thy  hair  lass,  its  all  aboot  thy  faace. 

Bob  up  that  stack  eavins,  or  all  th'  watter  will  run  down  th'  sides 
when  it  raains. 

BOBBERY. — A  disturbance,  an  altercation.  Query,  modern 
slang. 

BOBBIN. — A  cotton  ball,  a  cotton  spool. 

BOBTAILED,  0^;.— Having  the  tail  cut  off  close;  said  of 
horses  and  dogs. 

Brumby's  bobtaailed  mare   is   th'    fastist    trotter   atween   here  an' 
Doncaster. 

BO'D  (bod).— A  bird. 

"  When  bobs  hes  two  taails,"  that  is,  when  it  is  spring  and  the  swallows 
come. 

BO'D-BOY. — A  bird-boy,  a  boy  employed  to  scare  birds  from 
corn. 

BODDOM.— (i)  Bottom. 

It's  at  boddom  o'  th'  kitchin'  stairs. 
(2)  Principle. 

"  There's  noabody  hes  a  better  boddom  then  him  ;  bud  he's  curus  to  talk 
to." — Said  of  the  compiler,  1870. 

BO'D-EYED.— Bird-eyed,  near  sighted. 
BODGE. — A  botch,  a  clumsy  patch. 

BODGE,  v.—(i)  To  botch,  to  patch. 

(2)  To  ram,  to  pound. 

Mind  an'  bodge  th'  muck  aroond  that  stohp  well,  or  it  weant  stan 
fast. 

BODILY.— Entirely. 

He  carried  all  th'  plums  awaay  bodily ;  ther'  wasn't  one  left  up  o'  th' 
tree. 

BO'D-KEEP,  BOD-CORN  (lit.  bird-keep,  bird-corn).  Very 
lean  grains  of  corn  mixed  with  the  seeds  of  weeds  which 
the  winnowing  machine  separates  from  the  better  portions 
in  the  operation  of  dressing. 

BODLE. — A  small  coin. 

I  don't  care  a  bodle  for  naaither  you  nor  him. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  61 

BO'D-MOOTHED,  adj. — Bird-mouthed,  i.e.,  shy,  afraid  of 
giving  an  opinion. 

BO'D-TENTING. — Driving  birds  away  from  corn  or  other 
crops. 

BODY. — (i)  A  person,  commonly  though  not  exclusively 
applied  to  girls  and  women. 

She's  as  clever  a  body  as  ony  missis  nead  hev'  aboot  a  hoose  if  it 
wasn't  for  one  thing ;  she's  alus  runnin'  after  th'  lads. 

(2)  The  abdomen. 

(3)  The  nave  of  a  church. 

BODY-HORSE. — The  horse  between  the  shafts  in  a  team. 

BOGGART,  BOGGLE,  BOGIE.— Something  of  an  unearthly 
nature  with  which  it  is  terrible  to  come  in  contact;  a 
bugbear. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  a  boggart  like  a  great,  hewge,  black  dog  to  be  seed 
agean  Nothrup  chech-yard  ;  I  niver  met  it  my  sen,  but  ther's  scoars 
that  hes. 

What's  'ta  scar'd  on  bairn  duz  'ta  think  as  a  boggle  'all  get  'ta  ? 

BOGGINS.— Plough-bullocks,  q.v. 

BOGGLE. •— (i)  Dried  mucus  nasi. 
(2)  See  BOGGART. 

BOGGLE,  v.—(i)  To  shy,  to  take  fright,  applied  to  horses. 

(2)  To  hesitate. 

He  can  read  just  midlin',  but  he  boggles  a  deal  when  he  teks  to  spellin'. 

(3)  To  draw  anything  into  puckers  when  it  is  being  sewn. 

BOGIE.— See  BOGGART. 

BOG-SPAVIN.— A  soft  swelling  on  a  horse's  leg. 

BORDER. — A  boulder,  a  waterworn  stone  larger  than  a 
cobble,  q.v. 

There's  a  big  bohder  wi'  a  ring  in  it  agean  th'  blacksmith  shop  at 
Laughton  ;  thaay  ewsed  to  tie  bulls  to  it  to  baait. 

BOHT.— A  bolt. 
BOHT,  v.— (i)  To  bolt. 

(2)  To  run  away. 

He  bohted  awaay  as  soon  as  we  clapt  ees  on  him. 

(3)  Bought. 

I  boht  thease  here  specteckles  o'  a  hawkin'  man. 

BOIL.— The  condition  of  boiling. 
Put  it  upo1  fire  an'  gie  it  a  boiL 


62  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BOILING  SPRING. — A  spring  which  gushes  out  of  the 
ground  and  overflows. 

Ye  sea  Moor- Well's  aboilin'  spring,  so  it  niver  faails  ;  but  Brank-Well's 
been  a  dug  well  i'  sum-body's  daay,  soa  it's  dry  noos  an'  thens. 

BOIL  OVER. — "  I  sha'n't  tak'  it  upo'  my  sen  to  saay  oht,  bud 
if  I'm  not  sorely  mista'en  th'  pot  '11  boil  oher  afoore  long," 
said  when  a  quarrel  or  a  scandal  is  anticipated. 

BOILY. — Boiled  bread  and  milk  for  children. 

BOKE.— See  BOAK. 

BOLD,  adj. — Large,  fine,  well-filled  out  ;  said  of  grains  of  corn. 

BOLLED,  adj. — Said  of  corn  or  flax  in  the  ear. 

"The  barley  was  in  the  ear  and  the  flax  was  boiled."1 — Exodus,  ch. 
ix.,  v.  31. 

BOLL.— The  seed  vessel  of  flax. 
BOLSTER.— A  bolt. 

[1503].  "For  making  of  ij  lockes  and  bolsteres." — Leverton  Church 
Warden's  Ace.  in  Archaologia,  vol.  xli.,p.  341. 

BOLT,  v. — (i)  To  abscond,  to  run  away. 

(2)  To  swallow  food  without  mastication. 

(3)  To  shy,  said  of  horses. 

He  was  a  good  'un  to  goa,  but  he  bolted  reight  roond  at  ivery  stoan 
heap  as  he  past. 

(4)  To  sift  meal.      On  the  title  page  of  Artachthos ;  or,  a  New 
Booke  Declaring  the  Assize  or    Weight  of  Bread,  4to,  1638,  is 
represented  a  man  engaged  in  the  process  of  sifting  flour, 
out  of  whose  mouth  proceeds  a  label  inscribed  "  I  bolt." 

BOLTER.— A  horse  that  shies. 

BOLT-HOLE.— (i)  The  hole  by  which  a  rabbit  makes  its 
escape  when  the  ferret  pursues  it. 

(2)  Any  unknown  hole  by  which  a  person  makes  his  way  into 
or  out  of  a  house  or  other  building. 

He  lock'd  th1  barn  doors  fast  enif,  bud,  you  sea,  th'  sarvant  chaps 
stoal  th'  corn  for  th'  herses  thrif  a  boht-hodle  behind  th'  machine. 

(3)  Used  figuratively  as  a  means  of  escape. 

Thoo'lljust  hev'  to  gie  in,  Jack,  becos  we've  maade  all  boht-hodks 
agen  the  an'  thoo  can't  get  oot  o'  this  business  noa  waays. 

BOLTING. — The  process  of  sifting  meal. 

BOLTING  CLOTH.— A  cloth  used  in  mills  for  sifting  meal. 

In  1534  the  Gild  of  Saint  Mary,  of  Boston,  "possessed  a bultynge  pipe 
covered  with  a  yearde  of  canvesse  and  also  ij  bultynge  clothes." — • 
Peacock,  Eng.  Ch.  Furniture,  p.  189. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  63 

BOLTING-HUTCH. — The  tub,  box,  or  enclosure  into  which 
meal  is  sifted. 

"  In  the  boultinge  house,  one  dough  trough  ij  bolting-wittches.— Union 
Invent.,  1620,  p.  29. 

BOLTINGS,  s.  pi. — The  coarse  meal  which  is  sifted  from  the 
flour. 

BOLT-ON-END,  phr.— Upright. 

He  deed  e'  his  chair  sittin'  up  bolt-on-end. 

BOLT  OUT,  v.— To  speak  suddenly,  rashly,  unadvisedly. 

He  bolted  Got  all  he  knew,  though  we  bed  telled  him  to  keap  squat. 

BO'N  (bon),  v.—(i)  To  burn. 

I  mun  hev  them  theare  wicks  bo'nt  as  soon  as  thaay  're  dry. 
(2)  "  Bo'n  it,"  "  bo'n  thoo  ;"  forms  of  cursing. 

BOND-COURSE. — A  heading-course,  a  course  of  bricks  or 
stones  inserted  at  intervals  crosswise  in  a  wall  for  the 
purpose  of  tieing  the  other  courses  together. 

BOND-STONES,  s.  pi. — Large  stones  put  in  a  rubble  wall  for 
the  purpose  of  tieing  the  other  courses  together. 

BONE-DRY,  adj. — Very  dry,  as  dry  as  a  bone. 

BONE-FIRE.— A  bonfire. 

"  At  the  bonrires  on  the  fifth  of  November  it  was  a  practise  to  throw 
one  or  two  fragments  of  bone  among  the  glowing  embers." — Cf., 
Archaologia,  vol.  xxiij.,  p.  42.  Gomme,  Geut.  Mag.  Lib.  (Dialect,  &c.), 
p.  339.  Monasticon  Angl.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  359,  col.  i. 

BONE-IDLED.— Very  idle. 

He's  strong  enif  fer  onything,  but  he's  bodne -idled ;  that's  his 
complaaint,  an'  noa  doctor  can  cure  it. 

BONES. — "  To  make  no  bones"  is  to  go  to  work  on  any  matter 
without  hesitation  or  ceremony. 

He  maade  noa  bodns  aboot  it,  but  lock'd  up  th'  yaate-stead  at  once. 

BONE-SETTER. — A  person  who  sets  bones,  commonly  one 
who  has  not  a  legal  qualification,  but  used  occasionally  for 
a  surgeon. 

[1732] .  "  She  was  very  much  hurt,  so  that  ^bone-setter  was  sent  for." 
Fretwell's  Diary  (Surtees  Soc.,  vol.  Ixv.),  p.  211. 

BONE  TO  PICK. — "  To  have  a  bone  to  pick"  with  some  one 
is  to  have  a  cause  of  quarrel  with  him. 

BONING  STICK. — An  instrument  used  for  setting  out  the 
depth  of  drains  or  other  cuttings  in  the  soil. 


64  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BONNY,  BONNYISH.— (i)  Well  in  health,  commonly  used  of 
a  woman  after  childbirth. 

(2)  Handsome,  pleasant  to  deal  with,  respectable,   of  good 
conduct,  well  off.     Said  of  men  and  things. 

C 's  wife  is  a  very  bonny  woman,  I  reckon. 

Them's  th'  bonniest  carrots  I've  seen  to  year. 

He's  a  bonny  man ;  just  tell  him  how  things  is  an'  you'll  get  yer 
answer  at  once. 

She's  a  bonny  woman,  wi'  a  hoose  an'  gardin  on  her  awn,  an'  thaay 
saay  a  lot  o'  munny  e'  th'  Lincoln  bank  besides. 

The  cuckoo,  in  the  following  verses,  is  "bonny"  as  a  har- 
binger of  summer  and  fair  weather,  and  the  bringer  of  good 
luck  :— 

"  The  cuckoo  is  a  bonny  bird, 

She  sings  as  she  flies, 
She  brings  us  good  tidings 

And  tells  us  no  lies. 
She  sucks  little  birds'  eggs 
To  make  her  voice  clear, 
And  then  she  sings  cuckoo 
Three  months  in  the  year," 

(3)  Frequently  used  ironically. 

You're  a  bonny  creatur,  you  are ;  this  is  tho'd  time  you've  plaay'd 
traun.  What  do  you  think  th'  school-maister  '11  saay  ?  See  BLOSSOM. 

BONNY  DEAL.— A  large  quantity. 

Ther's  a  bonny  deal  o'  taaties  to  year. — 1887. 

Ther's  been  a  bonny  deal  o'  rain  cum'd  this  maaydaay-time. — 1886. 

BONNY  GO. — Something  uncomfortable  or  irritating,  but  which 
has  a  humourous  side  to  it. 

BONNY  PENNY. — A  large  sum  of  money. 

I  reckon  he  's  lost  a  bonny  penny  oher  that  theare  incloasin'  job. 

BOOBY-OTCH.— A  booby,  a  simpleton. 

BOOKS. — To  be  in  anyone's  books  is  to  owe  him  money ;  to 
be  in  his  "  black  books  "  is  for  him  to  owe  you  a  grudge. 

BOOL.— (i)  A  ball. 

(2)  A  hoop. 

When  we  was  bairns,  we  ewsed  to  goa  to  th'  coopers  an'  buy  wooden 
cask-hoops  for  bools. 

BOOL,  v. — (i)  To  trundle  a  hoop. 

"  Goa  thy  waays,  bairn,  an'  bool  thy  hoop,"  said  to  a  child  when 
its  presence  is  troublesome. 

(2)  To  walk  or  ride  fast. 

He's  boolin'  along  at  a  bonny  raate. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  65 

BOON,  v. — To  repair  a  highway. 

Skinner  notes  it  as  a  Lincolnshire  word,  and  says  that  it  was 
communicated  to  him  by  Michael  Honywood,  Dean  of  Lincoln.  He 
glosses  it  "  vias  hyeme  corruptas  aestate  reparare,  resarciare  & 
instaurare." — Etymologicon,  sub.  voc. 

A  Lincolnshire  marsh-man,  who  entertained  a  vehement  dislike  to 
the  clerical  order,  once  said  to  a  friend  of  the  author,  "I'd  hev  all 
Cheches  pull'd  doon  to  boon  th'  roads  wi',  an'  parsons  kill'd  to  muck 
th'  land." 

BOON-DAYS,  s.  pi. — The  days  on  which  farmers  send  their 
teams  to  cart  materials  for  the  repair  of  the  highways. 

BOON-MAISTER.— Surveyor  of  highways. 

BOOR. — The  woody  material  in  which  the  fibre  ol  flax  and 
hemp  is  enclosed. 

"  When  the  flax  was  to  be  prepared  for  use,  the  seed  was  taken 
from  it  by  n^.eans  of  a  mill ;  the  boor  was  taken  from  it  by  other 
machines." — Stonehouse,  Hist,  of  Isle  of  Axholme,  p.  29. 

BOOT.— Profit,  advantage. 

"  I  went  about  it  while  there  was  any  boote,  but  now  it  bootes  not." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  78. 

"When  bale  is  at  hyest  boote  is  at  next." — Sir  Aldingar,  1.  133,  in 
Percy  Folio,  vol.  i.,  p.  171. 

"  When  the  bale  is  hest, 
Then  is  the  bote  nest, 

Quoth  Hendyng." 
Prov.  of  Hendyng  in  Morris's  Specimens  of  Early  Eng.,  p.  100. 

BOOT,  v.— To  profit. 

"  It  duzn't  boot  a  penny  to  me  whether  ther's  a  brig  builded  oher 
Bottesworth  beck  or  noa." — 1874. 

BOOT,  TO. — Said  of  anything  given  in  exchange. 

I'll  swap  herses  wi'  ye,  and  gie  ye  my  saddle  and  bridle  to  boots. 

BOOTS,  OLD. — "  To  go  it  like  ohd  boots,"  means  to  do 
anything  with  all  the  energy  that  is  possible.  Probably 
slang. 

BORN  DAYS,  IN  ALL  MY.— During  my  whole  life. 

In  all  my  born  daays  I  niver  seed  a  bairn  one  hairf  so  awk'erd  as 
thine  is. 

"  I  wish  I'd  noht  else  to  do  but  to  smooke  bacca  like  that  o'  thine  all 
my  born  daays." — ist  Oct.,  1878. 

BORN  FOOL. — A  very  unwise  person,  but  one  whose  lack  of 
sense  is  believed  to  arise  from    sloth  and  inattention,  not 
from  idiotcy. 
F 


66  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BOROUGH  ENGLISH.— The  custom  by  which  the  youngest 
son  succeeds  to  real  estate, '  instead  of  the  eldest,  as  by 
the  common  law.  It  prevails  in  that  part  of  the  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey,  which  is  within  the  parish  of  the  same 
name,  in  the  Manor  Keadby,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  at 
North  Thoresby,  in  a  part  of  the  parish  of  Hibaldstow,  and 
several  other  places  in  Lincolnshire. 

BOSSACKS.— A  fat,  idle  woman. 

BOSWELL  (boz-1),  BOZZEL.— A  gipsy.  The  word  is  said 
to  be  taken  from  the  name  of  Charles  Bosvile  or  Boswell, 
a  Yorkshire  gentleman,  who  "  established  a  species  of 
sovereignty  among  ....  the  gypsies,  who,  before  the 
enclosures,  used  to  frequent  the  moors  about  Rossington." 
He  died  in  1709. — Hunter,  South  Yorks.,  vol.  i.,  p.  68. 

Aug.  21  (1848).  "  Pursuing  some  Bossills  to  put  them  out  of  Carr, 
35. " — Blyton,  Constable's  bill. 

BOTCH MENT. — An  ugly  patch,  or  addition  to  anything. 

"That  theare  beeldin'  looks  a  queer  botchment  aside  th1  chech-steaple." 
This  was  said  of  a  temporary  workshop,  which  was  used  by  the  masons 
when  Bottesford  Church  was  restored. 

BOTHERATION,      BOTHERMENT.  —  Flag  ue,      trouble. 
Botheration  is  sometimes  usedinterjectively  as  a  kind  of  oath. 
"  Botheraation !  what  a  truble  you  are,  bairn ." 

BOTHERSOME,  troublesome. 

I'm  scar'd  we  shall  find  th'  flees  very  bothersum  to-year,  noo  ther's 
hardly  ony  swalla's  to  catch  'em. — May  29,  1886. 

BOT'NY  BAY.— Botany  Bay. 

To  send  to  Bofny  Baay  means  to  transport,  no  matter  where. 

"  He's  gone  to  Bofny  Baay  and  theare  he  maay  staay,"  is  a  reply 
given  to  a  person  who  asks  where  someone  is  when  the  person 
questioned  does  not  wish  to  give  the  true  answer. 

BOTTLE. — A  bundle  of  hay,  straw,  furze,  or  sticks. 

"  That  no  man  shall  get  anie  bottells  of  furres,  and  to  pay  for  everie 
bottell  that  is  gotten  iiijd." — Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1578. 

"  Gather  and  tie  in  bottles." — Young,  Line.   Agric.,  1799  ,  p.  162. 
"  For  he  shall  tell  a  tale  by  my  fey, 
Although  it  be  not  worth  a  botel  hey." 

Chaucer,  Manciple's  Prologue. 

(1621).     "  Will  Lee,  of  Northallerton,  for  stealing  a  bottle  of  hay." — 
Quarter  Sessions  Records,  North  Riding  Record  Soc.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  113. 
"  So  the  unhappy  sempstress  once  they  say 
Her  needle  in  a.  pottle  lost  of  hay  " 

Hen.  Fielding,  Tom  Thumb  edit.,  1730, 
Act  ii.,  sc.  8. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  67 

BOTTLE  JACK. — A  machine  in  the  shape  of  a  bottle  used  to 
turn  meat  in  roasting. 

BOTTLE-FLY.  — Probably  a  Blue -Bottle,  q.v.  See  also 
BLETHER. 

BOTTLE-NOSE.— A  porpoise. 

BOTTLE-NOSED. — Having  a  swollen  and  inflamed  nose. 

"  He  is  a  big  man,  bottle-nosed,  wrinkled,  fat,  fleshie,  and  eyed  like  a 
catte." — Bernard  Terence,  p.  340. 

BOTTLE-RACK.— A  wooden  frame  in  which  empty  bottles 
are  kept. 

BOTTOM.— (i)  The  low  land  in  a  valley— land  adjoining  a 
stream. 

Squire  boht  them  beck-bottoms  uncommon  dear. 
(2)  A  cotton  ball. 

BOTTOMING  SPADE.— A  hollow  spade  used  for  levelling 
the  bottoms  of  the  trenches  in  which  the  tiles  of  underdrains 
are  laid. 

BOUGE  OUT,  v.— To  bulge. 

BOUGH-POT,  BEAU-POT,  BO-POT  (bou-pot,  boa-pot.)— A 
flower-pot ;  a  vase  for  cut  flowers ;    a   vessel   containing 
flowers  or  branches  of  shrubs  put  in  an  empty  fire-grate. 
"  Four  bow-pots  constitute  my  fields  ; 
This  but  a  scanty  harvest  yields." 

Monthly  Mag.,  May,  1806,  p.  324. 

BOUGHT  BREAD.— Baker's  bread,  as  distinguished  from 
home-made  bread. 

"  In  the  north  of  England  bought  bread  is  still,  or  was  lately  used  to 
signify  the  finer  kind  purchased  of  the  baker,  in  opposition  to  that  of  a 
coarser  quality,  which  in  almost  all  families  is  baked  at  home." — 1802. 
Edmund  Turner ,  in  Archceologia,  vol.  xv.,  p.  10. 

BOULDER.— A  large  water-worn  stone,  larger  than  a  cobble, 
q.v.  (See  also  BORDER). 

"  He  gripen  sone  a  bulder-ston 
And  let  it  fleye,  ful  god  won, 
Agen  J>e  dore,  ]>at  it  to-rof." 

— Havelok,  1790. 

BOUNCER. — Anything  very  big.  A  fine  child,  a  large  turnip, 
or  an  astounding  lie  are  all  bouncers. 

BOUNCING,  adj.— Big,  large,  fine. 

"  In  very  truth  there  is  a  jolly  bouncing  boy  born." — Bernard  Terence, 
P-44- 


68  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BOUND,— Certain. 

"  He  is  bound  to  do  this  or  that  "  does  not  imply  legal  or  moral 
obligation,  but  that  he  cannot  help  doing  it. 

He's  bound  to  get  on,  he's  alus  at  his  wark. 

She's  bound  to  hev  su'muts  bad  befall  her,  for  she  hardlin's  thinks 
o'  ony thing  but  what  belongs  to  sarvant  chaps. 

He's  bound  to  kill  his  sen  if  he  goas  on  drinkin'  e"  this  how. 

BOUNDER,  BOUND  STONE.— A  boundary  stone. 

In  1579  Richard  Parkin  "  eripiebat  &  removebat  vnum  lapidem 
vocatam  bounde-stone  .  .  .  inter  campos  ville  de  Asbye  .  .  .  et 
Brumby." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Court  Roll. 

"  De  Johanne  Willson  quia  vxor  eius  effodebat  vnum  le  bounder 
existentem  inter  se  et  vicinum  suum." — Scatter  Court  Roll,  1599. 

BOUT  (bowt). — A  struggle.     As  with  sickness,  with  an  enemy, 
or  in  a  game. 

He's  hed  a  bad  bowt  this  time ;  we  thoht  noht  bud  he  wo'd  dee. 
Awiver,  he's  cum'd  roond. 

BOW  (bow). — A  bow  for  shooting. 

BOW  (bow). — (i)  A  willow  twig  bent  in  the  form  of  a  crescent 
or  a  circle,  to  which  a  fishing  net  is  fastened. 

(boh). — (2)  An  ornament  of  ribbon  on  a  woman's  head-dress 
or  other  part  of  her  person. 

(boh). — (3)  A  piece  of  cap-wire,  formerly  used  for  the  purpose 
of  making  the  borders  of  women's  caps  stand  off. 

(boh). — (4)  The  semi-circular  handle  of  a  scuttle  or  pail. 

(boh).— (5)  The  handle  of  a  key. 

(1628).  "For  mendinge  the  bowe  of  the  church  dore  key  iiijd- " — 
Louth  Ch.  Ace.,  vol.  iv.,  p.  35. 

"  Item  ij  little  bowed  pannes." — 1594,  Inventory  of  Sir  Will.  Fairfax  in 
Archisologia,  vol.  xlviii.,  p.  132. 

(boh). — (6)  The  arch  of  a  bridge,  or  in  a  church. 

An  arch  spanning  the  street  at  Lincoln  is  called  the  Stone  Bow. — Cf. 
Craven  Gloss.,  2nd  ed.,  v.  i.,  p.  45. 

BOW,  v. — To  curve,  to  bend. 
BOWK.— The  belly. 
BOWLER.— A  child's  hoop. 

BOW-WINDOW   (boh).— A  pregnant  woman  is  said  to  have 
her  bow- window  out. 

BO WY-Y AN KS.— Leather  leggings. 
BOX  HARRY,  phr.—To  save  all  you  can. 

BOX  IRON. — An  iron  for  ironing  clothes,  with  a  hollow  cavity 
for  receiving  a.  heater. 


MANLEY  AND'  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  69 

BOXING-TIME. — The  time  between  Christmas  Day  and  the 
end  of  the  first  week  of  January. 

BOYKIN.— A  little  boy. 

BOZZELL,  BOZZILL.— A  gipsy.     See  BOSWELL. 

BOZZELLING.— Living  on  commons  and  in  lanes  after  the 
manner  of  gipsies. — 1885. 

BRABBLE,  BRABBLEMENT.— A  noisy  quarrel. 

"  For  me,  a  stranger,  to  goe  follow  sutes  and  brabbles  in  law,  how 
easie  &  profitable  a  matter  were  that." — Bernard  Terence,  p.  76. 

Ther'  was  a  deal  o'  brabblement  aboot  th'  Messingham  causeys,  but 
it's  been  oher  an'  dun  wi'  years  sin'. 

BRACK,  ft.  t.— Broke. 

He  brack  th1  seein-glass  all  e'  peaces,   an'  we've  not  hed  noa  luck 
sin'.     1887. 

BRACKEN.— The  common  fern. 

"  O  bury  me  by  the  bracken  bush, 

Beneath  the  blumin'  brier  ; 
Let  never  living  mortal  ken 
That  a  kindly  Scot  lies  here." 

Battle  of  Otterburn,  in  Aytoun's  Ballades  of 
Scotland,  vol.  i.,  p.  17. 

BRACKLE,  adj.— Brittle. 
BRACKY,  adj.— Brackish. 

BRADE,  v.— (i)  To  rub  off,  to  abrade. 

It  braades  the  skin. 
(2)  To  desire  to  vomit. 

BRADELY,  adv.— Bravely. 

BRADE  OF,  v. — (i)  To  be  like  another   in   figure,    taste,   or 
character. 

That  bairn  braades  o'  it's  gran'feyther. 

"  Ye  brayde  of  Mowlle  that  went  by  the  way." — Towneley  Mysteries,  p.  88. 

(2)  To  hold  a  strong  conviction. 

Braade  o'  me,  that  lad  'all  be  a  preacher  when  he's  grawd  up. 

BRAFAST,  BRAK'EST.— Breakfast. 
BRAID,  v. — To  embroider. 

BRAIN-PAN.— The  skull. 

Cf.  II.  Henry  Sixth,  Act  iv.,  sc.  10, 1.  13. — Marston,  Antonio  and  Mellida, 
Act  ii. 

BR AMBLING.— Gathering  brambles. 


70  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BRANDER. — The  dogs  in  an  old-fashioned  fire-place. 

BRAND-IRON. — A  branding-iron  used  for  branding  cattle  or 
dead  farming  stock. 

BRANDRETH,  BRANDRIFF.— (i)  A  tripod  used  for  sup- 
porting a  pot  upon  a  fire. 

"One  brass  pott,  iij  pannes,  brandryt,  cressyt  iiijs. " — Inventory  of 
Thomas  Robynson,  of  Appleby,  1542. 

(2)  A  rick  stand,  whether  of  stone  and  timber  or  iron. 
BRANDY-SNAP.— Thin  gingerbread. 

BRANDONS. — Brandlings,  a  sort  of  red  and  yellow  earth- 
worm found  in  old  dunghills,  much  esteemed  as  a  bait  for 
fish. 

BRAN-NEW,  BRAND  NEW,  adj.— Quite  new. 

She'd  a  bran-new  goon  on,  wi'  a  pair  o'  shoes  I'd  not  ha'  pick'd  of  on 
a  muck-hill. 

BRANGLE,  v.— To  entangle. 

You've  gotten  them  things  into  sich  a  brangled  mess  it'll  tak'  me 
better  then  a  nooer  to  reightle  'em. 

His  bisniss  was  that  brangled  it  took  three  lawyers  most  on  a  year  to 
put  things  stright. 

BRANGLEMENT.— Entanglement. 

BRANT.— (i)  Perpendicular,  steep. 
(2)  Fussy,  consequential. 

BRASH. — (i)  Rubbish,  such  as  clippings  of  hedges,  briars, 
garden  weeds. 

(2)  Nonsense,  worthless  talk. 

Hohd  yer  brash. 

(3)  An  eruption  on  the  skin. 

BRASH,  adj.— Brittle. 

BRASS.— (i)  Money. 

He's  that  rich,  he  fairly  stinks  o'  brass. 

(2)  Impudence. 

Charlie's  brass  eniff  for  oht ;  wheareiver  he  goas  he  mun  be  th'  very 
fo'st  man. 

BRAT.— A  dirty  or  ill-mannered  child. 

"  Bratt,  sic  nobis  appellatur  puer  seu  infans  parentibus  vilissimis, 
imo  mendicis  natus,  spurius,  expositus." — Skinner,  Etymolog. 
"A  penniless  wench,  a  beggar's  brat." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  373. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  71 

BRAT. — An  apron  of  rough  material,  a  coarse  cloth. 

Skinner  says  it  is  a  Lincolnshire  word,  meaning  "  Semicinctium  ex 
panno  vilissimo." — Etymolog. 

BRATCH.— A  bitch  (obsolescent). 
BRATTLE.— Brittle. 

As  brattle  as  cheany. 
BRATTY. — Dirty,  used  in  relation  to  children. 

BRAUNGE,  v. — To  strut ;  to  carry  oneself  in  a  conceited 
manner. 

He  went  braungin*  along  Brigg  Markit-plaace  as  thof  it  was  all  his 
awn. 

BRAVE,  adj. — In  good  health,  better  than  could  be  expected. 
Said  especially  with  regard  to  women  after  lying-in. 

She's  been  straange  an'  braave  this  last  weak,  straange  an'  braave  she 
hes. 

BRAWN.— (i)  A  boar. 

(2)  Muscle. 

(3)  The  feet,  head,  and   tongue  of  a  pig,  with   the   bones 
removed,  spiced,  boiled,  and  pressed  into  a  mould. 

BRAY.— The  edge  of  a  bank  or  ditch. 

Ohd  ducks  quacks  little  uns  on  to  braay  o'  bank  an'  broodies  'em,  but 
them  as  runs  wi'  hens  gets  off  to  dykes  by  the'r-sens,  an'  traails  aboot 
while  thaay're  clear  bet.  I've  lost  a  many  that  waay. 

If  ye  plew  so  near  hand  th'  braay  you'll  be  hevin'  th'  dike-side  cauve  in. 

"  Fleckford  Beck  was  full  from  bray  to  bray." — Mabel  Heron,  vol.  i., 
p.  103. 

"  A  palizado  above  the  false  bray.'1 — Symonds's  Diary,  1645,  p.  231. 

BRAZEN,  adj.— Impudent. 

She's  braazenest  huzzy  I  knaw ;  ther's  noht  to  cap  her  in  Lunnun. 

BRAZIL. — "  It's  as  hard  as  brazil  "  is  a  common  saying.  What 
brazil  is  seems  to  be  forgotten.  Query  Brazil  wood  or 
brass  ? 

In  1616  there  was,  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  "  One  piece  of  waste  lande 
there  to  buylde  a  melting  hows,  for  ther  hath  bene  sometimes  a  brasse 
mine,  as  it  seemeth." — Norden's  Survey  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  fol.  8. 

BRAZIL  DUST. — Powdered  Brazil  wood,  used  for  making 
diet-drink. 

BREAD  (bri-h'd). — Breadth  ;  usually  applied  to  land  or  textile 
fabrics. 

He's  two  breads  o'  land  e'  Ep'uth  field. 

"  All  their  tails  were  interwoven  like  so  many  strings  in  a  breade." — 
Wallis  to  Smith  in  Letters  in  BodL,  vol.  i.,  p.  12. 


72  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BREAD  AND  BUTTER  DOG.— A  dog  kept  for  amusement, 
not  for  use. 

M.  :  Whose  dog's  that,  Dick  ? 

N. :  It's  th'  parson's  new  un. 

M .  :  Oh,  it'll  be  nobbut  a  bread-an' -butter  dog,  I  reckon  then. 

BREAD   AND   CHEESE.— (i)  The   cheese-shaped  seeds   of 
the  common  mallow.     See  CHEESECAKES. 

(2)  The  leaf  buds  of  the  hawthorn. 

BREAD-CORN.— Corn  to  be  ground  into  bread-meal  (q.v.),  not 
to  be  used  for  finer  purposes. 

It  was,  until  the  recent  fall  in  the  price  of  corn,  a  common  custom 
with  farmers,  when  they  engaged  a  bailiff,  to  contract  to  give  him  a 
certain  sum  of  money  per  annum,  and  to  allow  him  his  bread-corn  at 
the  rate  of  forty  shillings  a  quarter. — Cf.  Monasticon  Anglic.,  vol.  v., 
p.  298 ;  Piers  the  Plowm,  B.  vi.,  64. 

BREAD-MEAL. — Flour  with  only  a  portion  of  the  bran  taken 
out,  from  which  brown  bread  is  made. 

BREAK. — (i)    A    toothed    instrument    used    in   dressing   flax 
and  hemp. 

Instruments  of  this  kind  are  represented  on  the  seals  of  the  North 
Durham  family  of  Brankston. — Raine,  North  Durham,  App.,  p.  139. 

(2)  A  strong  carriage  used  for  breaking  horses  to  harness. 

BREAK,  v. — To  become  bankrupt,  to  fail  in  business. 

"Before  I  brake,  as  also  after  I  become  bankrout." — Bernard,  Terence, 
p.  113. 

BREAK-NECK.— (i).  A  great  discomforture. 

This  (Sedan)  is  as  gret  a  braake-neck  for  this  Emp'ror  as  Watterloo 
was  for  th'  ohd  un. 

"  A  break-necke  light  on  these  envious  persons  who  are  willing  to  tell 
these  sad  newes." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  341. 

(2)  When  a  job  is  more  than  half  finished  a  person  is  said  to 
have  broken  the  neck  of  it. 

BREAK  ONE'S  DAY.— (i)  Not  to  keep  an  appointment. 

He  said  he'd  cum  to  sattle  on  Monda',  bud  he  brok  his  daay,  an'  hes 
n't  been  near  hand  yit. 

(2)  To  have  one's  time  wasted  by  interruptions. 

I  hev  my  daays  brokken  reg'lar  by  different  foaks  cumin'  botherin'  all 
aboot  a  pack  o'  nonsense. 

BREAK  UP. — When  a  frost  goes  away  it  is  said  to  break  up. 

BREAKINGS,  s.  pl.—(i)    The   division  of  a  tree  trunk  into 
branches. 

(2)  The  marks  in  polished  wood  caused  thereby. 

Daughter :  Faather's  wem'led  th'  inkstand  oher  up  o'  th'  best  room 
taable. 

Mother  :  Naay  sewerly,  bairn. 

Daughter:  Yes,  he  hes,  just  agean  th'  bra-akin'  i'  th'  taable  top. 


MAN  LEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  73 

BREAM. —A  boar. 

BREAST.— The  iron  front  of  a  plough. 

BREAST-PLATE. — A  strap  of  leather  running  from  one  side 
of  the  saddle  to  the  other,  over  a  horse's  breast,  for  the 
purpose  of  hindering  the  saddle  from  slipping  backwards. 

BREAST-PLOUGH. — A  paring  spade :  an  instrument  for 
paring  the  surface  of  land. 

BREATHE,  v. — (i)  To  take  breath  after  strong  exercise. 

I'd  been  huggin'  corn  into  th'  laathe,  an'  was  breathin'  my  sen  e'  th' 
crew-yard  whilst  such  times  as  I  could  lock  all  up. 

(2)  To  give  a  horse  time  to  take  breath. 
/        "  And  many  a  gallant  stay'd  perforce, 

Was  fain  to  breathe  his  faltering  horse." 

Lady  of  the  Lake,  i.,  4. 

BREECHBAND.— Part  of  the  harness  of  a  horse  which  goes 
behind  the  breech. 

BREEDER. — A  boil,  often  surrounded  with  other  smaller  ones ; 
a  carbuncle. 

BREEDING  IN  AND  IN.— The  practise  of  breeding  from 
animals  near  akin  to  each  other. 

BREEKS.— Breeches. 

BREEZE. — (i)  Perspiration;  perspiration  from  quick  walking. 

He  was  all  of  a  breeze. 
(2)  Very  quickly  ;  said  of  walking, 
He  did  go  by  with  a  breeze. 

BRERE.— A  briar. 

BREW-LEAD. — A  leaden  vessel  used  in  brewing. 

BREWSTER.— A  brewer  (obsolescent). 

"  Of  Richard  Cook,  a  common  brewster,  breaking  the  assize  of  bread 
and  ale,  vjd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey,  Manor  Fine  Roll,  1632. 

BREWSTER  SESSIONS.— The  petty  sessions  at  which 
justices  of  peace  grant  licences  to  public-houses. 

BRIAN. — Brine.  Wheat  was  formerly  dressed  with  brine  to 
hinder  the  smut ;  arsenic  is  now  commonly  used.  See 
MARQUERRY. 

In  1645  Abel  Barker,  a  Rutlandshire  gentleman,  ordered  his 
servant  to  buy  wheat  and  have  it  brined  after  the  Lincolnshire  fashion 
to  avoid  blasting. — Hist.  MSS.  Com.,  vol.  v.,  p.  384. 


74  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BRICK  A  BREAD,  lit.— A.  brick  in  breadth.  A  wall  is  so-called 
when  but  of  the  thickness  of  the  width  of  a  brick. 

BRICK  OVEN. — An  oven  made  of  bricks,  commonly  with  a 
domical  top,  in  which  bread  and  pies  are  baked.  A  baker's 
oven. 

BRIDEWELL.  — A  prison.  When  anyone  spoke  of  the  bridewell 
he  meant  the  now  disused  prison  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

"  I  will  all  to  becurry  thee  or  bethwack  thy  coate,  and  then  put  thee 
in  bridewell  to  draw  at  the  mill  as  long  as  thou  livest." — Bernard, 
Terence,  p.  16. 

BRIDGE,  v. — To  abridge,  to  beat  down  in  price. 

BRIDLE  TOOTH.— A  tooth  of  a  horse  which  grows  out  of 
the  side  of  the  gum.  There  is  a  silly  superstition  that  when 
this  malformation  occurs  in  mares  the  animals  will  be 
barren. 

BRIDLE,  TO  BITE.— To  suffer  well-deserved  hardship. 

Thaay  niver  minded  what  end  went  fost  when  times  was  good,  soa 
thaay  hev  to  bite  the  bridle  noo. 

BRIDLE  ARM.— The  left  arm. 
BRIDLE  HAND.— The  left  hand. 

BRIDLE  UP,  v.— To  raise  the  head  scornfully. 

She  did  bridle  up  when  thaay  tell'd  her  what  he'd  been  a  saayin*. 

BRIG.— A  bridge. 

"  Where  the  waters,  winding  blue 
Single-arch'd  brig  flutter  through." 

John  Clare,  Solitude. 

BRIGS. — (i)  A  frame  used  in  brewing  to  set  the  terns  on. 

(2)  A  similar  frame  used  in  a  dairy  to  set  the  sile  on. 
BRIMMING.— The  restless  state  of  sows  when  at  heat. 
BRINDLED. — Variously  coloured,  said  of  oxen. 

BRING  UP,  v.— To  rear  young. 

Oor  bitch  broht  up  three  pups  last  time,  an'  did  well  by  'em. 
I  shall  nobbut  bring  up  one  o'  th'  white  cat  kitlins. 
"  Whatsoever  God  sends  vs,  or  be  it  boy  or  girle  that  shee  shall  be 
delivered  of,  they  have  purposed  to  bring  it  vp." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  18. 

BRING  UP  AGAINST,  v.— To  accuse,  to  charge  with. 

He  broht  up  agedn  me  that  my  muther  hed  a  bairn  afoore  she  was  wed. 
I  wod  niver  bring  up  agedn  an  ohd  man  what  he  did  when  he  was  a  lad. 

(2)  To  come  in  contact  with. 

His  herse  run'd  awaay  an'  broht  up  agedn  George  Todd  hoose  corner 
an'  knock't  a  lot  o'  stoans  oot. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  75 

BRISTLING,  adj.— Brisk,  said  of  the  wind. 
Ther's  a  bristling  breeze  to-daay  maaster. 

BRISTOWE-RED  (obsolete).     A  textile  fabric. 

"  One  Kyrtyll  of  bristowe  read  whiche  were  her  mothers." — Witt  o 

Roland  Staveley,  of  Gainsburgh,  1551. 

BROACH.— (i)  A  spit. 

(2)  The  tap  of  a  barrel. 

(3)  The  spindle  on  which  yarn  is  wound. 

(4)  A  church  spire. 

Mr.  Stoanehoose  pot  a  broach  upo'  Butterweek  steaple  but  it's  a  sore 
poor  thing ;  just  for  all  th'  warld  like  Sir  Robert  injun  chimla.' 

BROACH,  v.— To  tap  a  barrel. 

BROAD  AS  IT'S  LONG,  phr.— Equal ;  the  same  one  way  as 
the  other. 

Well,  if  he  hes  call'd  you,  you've  called  him  an'  all,  soa  fer  all  I  sea, 
it's  as  broad  as  it's  long. 

BROADCAST,  pp.— Sown  by  the  hand  from  the  hopper,  as 
distinguished  from  drilled.     A  farming  term. 

BROAD-SET,  adj. — Stumpy,  muscular. 
BROADSHARE. — An  agricultural  implement. 
BROCK.— (i)  A  badger. 

(2)    A  small  green  insect,  cicada  spumaria,  which  surrounds 
itself  with  a  white  froth  commonly  called  cuckoo  spit,  q.v. 

A  man  or  animal  in  a  profuse  perspiration  is  said  "  to  sweat  like  a 
brock."    The  insect,  not  the  quadruped,  is  certainly  meant. 

BROCK,  v.,pt.  t.t  and  pp.— Broke,  broken. 

Th'  wind  last  Gaainsb'r  fair  brok  hairf  th'  top  off  one  o'  th'  munk's 
pear-trees. 

BROCKEN-BODIED.— Ruptured. 

BROD. — (i)  A  round-headed  nail  made  by  blacksmiths. 

(2)  An  instrument  for  cutting  up  thistles. 
BROD,  v.—(i)  To  prick,  to  poke. 

(2)  To  cut  up  thistles. 

Hannah  Todd's  broddin'  e'  th'  Ramsden. 

BROG,  v. — To  push  with  a  pointed  instrument. 
BROGGLE,  v.— To  poke. 

You're  alus  brogglin'  at  th'  fire ;  noa  wonder  it  can't  bo'n. 
Th'  suff  fra'  th'  drean  was  stopped  up,  an'  I  hed  to  brogglc  iver  soa 
long  afoore  I  could  get  it  oppen. 


76  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BROHT    IN. — Converted;    having    convictions    of    sin    and 
certainty  of  grace. 

He's  been  broht  in  at  th'  chapil,  but  I  doant  sea  as  it  hes  mended  his 
waays  a  deal. 

BROILING-IRON.— A  grid-iron. 

"  One  broyleing  iyron  "   occurs  in  the  Inventory  of  William  Gunas,  of 
Keadby,  i8th  September,  1685. 

BROKE,  pp. — Exhausted,  used  up. 

We're  brodh  for  kindlin',  we  hev'n't  soa  much  as  a  stick  aboot  th' 
yard. 
All  on  us  11  be  brodk  fer  to'nups  next  winter. — 1887. 

BROKEN-BACKED,— Damaged,  worthless. 

I  doan't  think  as  I  iver  seed  sich  'n  a  lot  o'  broaken-back'd  rattle-traps 
e'  my  life  as  ther'  was  at    •.     .     .     saale. 

BROODLE. — To  brood,  to  fondle. 

Ther  's  hens  as  'all  broodle  straange  chickins. 

I  niver  but  once  afoore  seed  a  cat  broodle  a  yung  duck. 

BROTHER-CHIP. — Fellow  workman.     Query,  modern  slang. 

BROTH,  BROTHS.— Broth,  whether  it  takes  the  plural  ter- 
mination or  not,  is  always  a  plural. 
Will  'ta  hev  a  few  broth  ? 
Put  th'  broths  up  o'  th'  taable,  lass. 

"  To  warm  up  old  broth  "  is  to  renew  an  engagement  of  marriage  that 
has  been  broken  off. 

BROWN-CLOCK.— A  brown  beetle,  a  cock-chafer,  Melolantha 
vulgaris. 

BROWN-CREEPER,  BROWN-CREETERS.— Bronchitis. 
BRUFF. — A  ring  of  pale  light  around  the  moon.     See  BURR. 
BRUFF,  v.— To  cough. 

BRUSH,  v.— (i)  To  disturb,  to  drive  away. 
Brush  that  theare  hen  oot  o'  th'  stick-hill. 
When  he  pot  th1  ferrits  in,  my  wo'd,  them  rats  did  brush. 

(2)  To  trim  hedges  with  a  hook. 
BRUSH-OUT,  v.— To  flush  a  drain  or  sewer. 
BRUSHINGS.— The  small  twigs  trimmed  off  hedges. 

BRUSSEN.— Burst. 

That  theare  herse  hes  eat  soa  many  tars,  he's  o'must  brussen  his-sen. 

BRUSSEN-P2LLY  THURSDAY,  FRIDAY,  AND  SATUR- 
DAY.    Maundy,  Thursday,  Friday,  and  Saturday. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  77 

BRUSSEN-GUTS.— A  very  greedy  eater. 

BRUSSEN-GUTTED.— (i)  Broken  bodied,  ruptured. 
(2)  Very  fat. 

BRUSSEN-HEARTED.  -Broken  hearted. 

BRUSSELS,  5. //.—Bristles. 

BRUST,  v.— To  burst. 

BRUZZ,  BRUZZEN,  v.— To  bruise. 

BUB. — An  unfledged  bird.     See  BAREBUB. 
His  skin  was  as  black  as  a  bub-craw. 
As  bare  as  a  bub,  i.e.,  quite  naked. 

BUCK. — A  smartly-drest  young  man. 

BUCK,  v. — To  copulate,  said  of  the  deer  and  the  rabbit. 

BUCKET. — A  pail,  whether  made  of  wood,  metal,  or  leather. 
Sometimes,  however,  a  distinction  is  made,  a  wooden  vessel 
of  this  kind  being  called  a  bucket  and  a  tin  one  a  pail.  A 
man  who  lived  at  Brumby,  a  new-comer  from  southern 
parts,  wanted  a  bucket  for  the  purpose  of  catching  the  blood 
when  he  bled  his  horse,  so  he  said  to  his  servant,  "  Fetch 
me  a  pail,  lad."  The  boy  had  never  heard  the  word  before, 
and,  misunderstanding  it,  brought  his  master  a  pale  from  a 
neighbouring  fence.  At  the  petty  sessions  held  at  Winterton, 
September  3,  1875,  a  witness  stated  that  some  men  were 
running  races  in  the  parish  of  Frodingham,  and  that  beer 
was  supplied  to  them  in  a  bucket.  Another  witness  con- 
tradicted this,  saying,  u  it  wasn't  a  bucket,  it  was  a  paail ;" 
the  vessel  was  made  of  tin. 

BUCKET-EARS.— The  eyes  in  which  the  kilp  (q.v.)  of  a  bucket 
works. 

BUCKHEAD,  v.— To  buckhedd  a  hedge  is  to  lop  off  the  top 
branches,  so  as  to  leave  branched  stumps  about  three  feet 
high. 

BUCKLE  TO,  v. — To  begin  work  with  a  will. 

Cum,  I  can't  dally  noa  longer  ;  we  raun  buckle  to,  lads. 

BUCK-STICK. — An  old-fashioned  man  ;  a  dear  old  friend. 
BUCK-THISTLE.— The  large  meadow  thistle. 
BUCK-THORN.— The  black  thorn. 


78  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BUCKT  UP. — Dressed  very  smartly. 

BUD,  conj.—But. 

First  Mother  :  He  did. 

Second  Mother  :  Bud  I  tell  ye  he  didn't. 

First  Mother  :  I  saay  he  did  then. 

Second  Mother :  Then  thoo  lees  ;  it  was  thy  awn  bairn  an'  noabody 
else  nobbud  him,  fer  oor  Jim  seed  a  lad  'at  seed  anuther  lad,  'at 
seed  him  do  it  with  his  awn  ees,  soa  noo  then. 

—Epworth,  1874. 

BUDGE,  v. — To  move  on. 

BUFF. — To  strip  to  his  buff. 

"  To  be  in  his  buff"  is  to  strip,  or  to  be  naked. 

BUFFET. — A  hassock.  The  difference  between  a  bass  and  a 
buffet  seems  to  consist  in  the  former  being  covered  with  rush 
matting  and  the  latter  with  carpet. 

"  Buffet-stool,   vox  agro   Line,   usitatissima  est   autem   sella  levior 
portatilis,  sine  ullo  cubitorum  aut  dorsi  fulcro." — Skinner,  Etymolog. 
•'  Go  fetche  us  a  light  bujfit." — Towneley,  Mysteries,  p.  199. 

BUFFLEHEAD. — A  weak  or  silly  person. 

He's  as  big  a  bufflehedd  as  thaay  could  fin'  e'  all  sheere  ;  he  wean't 
sink  noa  well  to  get  watter  'at's  fit  to  drink,  bud  lets  his  wife  an' 
bairns  an'  sarvants  drink  stuff  'at's  noa  better  then  sipe  fra'  a  manner- 
hill.  He  wants  real  bad  to  hev  th'  newsenser  doon  of  him. 

BUG,  adj. — Proud,  officious. 

He's  as  bug  as  th'  Queen's  coachman. 

As  bug  as  a  lop,  i.e.,  a  flea. 

As  bug  as  my  lord. 

"  He  looks  very  bug  of  it." — Skinner,  Etymolog. 

My  ohd  man's  that  bug  aboot  takkin'  care  o'  th'  Squire's  herses 
when  groom  goas  to  Sheffield  shaw. — H.  T.,  3rd  August,  1886. 

"  Major  Knight,  on  Monday,  October  the  gth  (1643),  summoned  the 
castle  (of  Bollingbroke,  co.  Lincoln),  in  the  Earl  of  Manchester's  name, 
but  was  answered  that  his  bugg  words  should  net  make  them  quit  the 
place." — Rushworth,  Hist.  Coll.,  Part  III.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  281. 

BUGABOO. — A  bugbear,  with  which  children  are  frightened 
by  parents  and  nurses. 

BUILD  ON,  v. — To  depend  on. 

He  built  on  keapin'  th'  farm  wheare  his  faather  deed,  but     .     .     . 
to'n'd  him  oot,  soa  he  took  to  drinkin'  an'  soon  ended  his  sen'. 

BULKER. — A  wooden  hutch  in  a  workshop  or  a  ship. 

Skinner  says  Bulkar  is  a  Lincolnshire  word,  meaning  "  Tignum, 
Trabs." — Etymolog. 

BULL,  FELL  AS. — Very  angry,  fierce,  savage.     See  FELL. 

He  look'd  as  fell  as  a  bull  when  I  met  him  at  laane-end,  bud  I  niver 
suspicion'd  what  a  do  he'd  hed  wi'  'em  all. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  79 

BULL,  TO  PLAY  WITH  THE,  //^.—Signifying  doing  some 
dangerous  thing  without  reasonable  cause. 

"  You'll  plaay  wi1  th'  bull  while  (i.e.  till)  you  get  a  horn  in  yer  ee,  or 
yer  arse,"  are  common  forms  of  caution  given  to  reckless  persons. 

"BULL-BAITING.  —  This  cruel  amusement  was  formerly 
enjoyed  in  almost  every  village.  It  gradually  went  out 
during  the  last  century.  A  superstition  still  lingers  that 
bull  beef  is  not  wholesome  for  food  unless  the  animal  has 
been  baited. — Cf.  White,  Worksop,  p.  60 ;  Notes  and  Queries, 
V.S.,  vol.  i.,  pp.  181,  274,  312,  455. 

BULLDOGS,  s.  p. — Rough  waves  on  the  Humber  are  called 

Barton  Bulldogs. 

BULLFINCHER.— A  high  clipped  hedge  ;  a  fox-hunting  term. 
To  get  a  bullfincher  is  for  horse  and  man  to  fall  over  one  of  these 
hedges. 

BULL-HASSOCKS,  sb.  //.—Large  round  tufts  of  grass  standing 
above  the  common  level  of  the  turf. 

There  is  a  place  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  called  Bull-Hassocks. 

BULL-HEAD.— A  tadpole. 
BULL-HOLE.— A  deep  pool  in  a  beck. 
BULLIES.— The  bullace  or  larger  sloe. 
BULLING.— A  cow  at  heat  is  said  to  be  "  a-bulling." 

BULLOCK,  v.— (i)  Bellow. 
(2)  To  use  loud-mouthed  abuse. 

BULLOCKING.— Imperious. 

BULLS,  BUNS,  s.  pi. — The  cross  pieces  of  harrows  in  which 
the  teeth  are  fixed  and  through  which  the  slots  (q.v.)  pass. 

BULLS  AND  COWS,  s.  //.—Flowers  of  the  Arum  Maculatum. 
See  LORDS  AND  LADIES  and  Cows  AND  CALVES. 

BULL-SEG.— A  bull  castrated  after  maturity. 

BULL'S  EYES,  s.  pi. — A  coarse,  round  sweetmeat,  flavoured 
with  peppermint. 

BULLY-RAGGING.— Blustering,  foul,  loud-mouthed  abuse. 

He  gev  him  a  straange  bully-mggin'  last  Winterton  stattis. 


80  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BUM,  v. — (i)  To  buzz.     See  BUZZARD-CLOCK. 

"  Bumming  gad-flies  ceas'd  to  tease." — John  Clare,  Recollections  after  a 
Ramble. 

(2)  To  swell  after  a  blow. 

It  bumm'd  up  as  big  as  a  egg. — Scotton. 

BUMBLE-FOOT.— A  thick,  clumsy,  or  misshapen  foot. 

BUMBLES,  s.  pi. — Rushes,  such  as  are  used  for  chair  bottoms- 
I  like  pews  best  e'  cheches ;  I  can't  abide  them  bumble -seated  chairs. 
As  ohd  Squire  Heala'  ewsed  to  saay ;  it's  makkin'  onessen  like  a  Paapist 
to  set  doon  'e  one  on  'em. 

BUMBLING,  BUMMING.— The  humming  of  insects. 

BUMEL-BEE,  BUMBLE-BEE.— A  humble-bee. 

"  An  old  woman,  being  asked  what  she  thought  of  a  certain  somni- 
ferous preacher,  replied  sharply,  '  What !  parson  !  why,  thoo  mud  as 
well  he  v  a  bum'el-bea  upov  a  thistle-top.'" — Sir  C.  H.  J.  Anderson, 
Bart.,  Lincoln  Pocket  Guide,  p.  16.  Cf.  Britten  &  Holland's  Eng.  Plant 
Names,  Flap  Dock. 

BUMPER.— (i)  The  buffer  of  a  railway  carriage. 
(2)  The  heavy  weight  used  in  driving  piles. 

BUN. — The  stalk  of  hemp  or  flax,  or  any  long  dry  stalk  that 
resembles  them. 

BUN,//. — (i)  About  to  go  somewhere  or  do  something. 
I'm  bun  for  Brigg  stattus. 
He's  bun  to  fetch  th'  ky  off  o'  th'  common. 

(2)  Bound. 

He's  dead  afore  noo,  I'll  be  bun  for  it. 

(3)  Bound  as  a  book. 

I  mun  tak'  this  here  hymn-book  to  Jackson's  to  be  bun,  all  th' 
inside's  a  cummin  oot. 

"  One  olde  boke  bun  with  ledder.  .  .  .  One  lityll  colet-boke  bun 
withoute  burdes."  (1514.) — Louth  Ch.  Ace.,  vol.  i.,  p.  255. 

BUNCH.— A  bundle  of  laths. 

BUNCH,  v.— (i)  To  kick  savagely. 

"  Defendant  came  to  him  in  a  field  and  bunched  him  because  he  would 
not  drive  the  horses  steadier." — Gainsburgh  News,  igth  May,  1877. 

"He  actually  saw  him  bunching  an  old  man."  (1647.  —  Depositions 
from  York  Castle  (Surtees  Soc.,)  p.  10. 

(2)  Used  with  reference  to  the  blows  a  calf  gives  with  its  head 
to  the  cow's  udder  to  make  the  milk  flow. 

Cauves  bunches  the'r  muther's  bags  as  soon  as  thaay  can  stan  wi1  oot 
ony  larnin. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  81 

BUNCH-CLOT.— Clodhopper. 

BUNDLE,  BUNDLE  OFF.— To  dismiss  with  contumely,  to 
remove  hurriedly. 

I  bundled  him  oot  o'  th'  hoose  quick. 

He  bundled  him  off  theare  an'  then  vvi'  oot  pay  in'  him  his  waage. 

BUN-FEAST. — A  feast  where  buns  are  eaten. 

Ther'  was  a.bun-fedst  at  Butterwick  Methodis'  Chapil,  an'  the  maazes 
maade  th'  plaace  smell  that  strong  Sarah  o'must  swoun'd  awaay. 

BUNG  UP,  v.— To  stop  up. 

Th'  mohds  hes  bung'd  up  the  suffs  in  Naathan-Land. 

BUNK,  r. — To  run  away. 

BUNS,  5. //.—Sec  BULLS. 

BUNNY. — A  child's  name  for  a  rabbit.     See  BUNT. 

BUNT.— The  tail  of  a  rabbit. 

BUNTER.— An  old  harlot ;  a  procuress. 

"  While  bunters  attending  the  archbishop's  door 
Accosted  each  other  with  cheat,  bitch,  and  whore, 
I  noted  the  drabs,  and  considering  the  place, 
Concluded  'twas  plain  that  they  wanted  his  grace." 

A  Collection  of  Epigrams,  1737,  vol.  ii., 
p.  Ixxiii. 

BUNTING. — A  term  of  endearment  used  to  children. 

BURGESS. — One  who  holds  his  land  by  burgage  tenure. 

"  The  word  is  used  at  Gainsburgh  to  signify  one  who  holds  an 
ancient  messuage  of  the  Manor  of  Gainsburgh,  and  pays  a  rent  to  the 
lord  called  burgh-rent. — Cf.  Stark,  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  541. 

BURGREVE,    BURGRAVE.— An   officer   belonging   to   the 
Manor  of  Gainsburgh. — Cf.  Stark,  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  531. 

BURLY  MAN. —A  manorial  officer  (obsolete). 

"  There  be  appointed  foure  burley  men  for  to  see  all  paines  that  are 
made  to  be  kept." — Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1586.  Cf.  Hist.  MSS.  Com. 
Report,  vol.  iv.,  p.  368,  I.  Whitaker,  Hist.  Whalley  ed.,  1876,  vol.  ii., 
p.  227.  Athenceum,  I2th  July,  1879,  p.  41  ;  26th  July,  1879,  p.  115. 

BURN,  //.—Born. 

He  was  a  gentleman  burn,  you  see,  not  a  chap  'at  hes  to  wark  fer 
his  livin'  like  thoo  an1  me. 

BURN  CANDLES  AT  BOTH  ENDS.— To  be  very  wasteful. 

G 


'82  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

BURN  DAYLIGHT.— To  light  candles  before  dark. 

BURNER. — A  man  who  burns  bricks  or  lime. 

"  To  brickyard  hands:  Wanted,  two  steady  men  as  burners." — Line. 
Chron.,  4th  December,  1874. 

BURNING  GLASS. — A  lens.  These  instruments  were  com- 
monly used  for  lighting  pipes  out  of  doors  before  the 
discovery  of  lucifer  matches. 

BURNING-IRON.— A  branding  iron. 

BURNING  SHAME,  phr.  —  An  exceedingly  shameful 
action. 

BURNING  THE  GRASS.— Mowing  with  a  blunt  scythe. 
BURNT  SAND.— Hard  lumps  of  sand  of  a  dark  red  colour. 

BURR.— (i)  The  halo  round  the  moon. 

(2)  The  adhesive  prickly  fruit  of  the  burdock. 

(3)  The  centre  of  a  millstone. 

BURY-HOLE.— A  grave,  a  child's  word. 
BURY-CAKE,  BURYING-CAKE.— A  funeral  cake. 

BURYING.— A  funeral. 

Ther'  niver  was  a  buryin'  that  ony  body  knaw'd  on  o1  th'  no'th  side 
'o'  Bottesworth  chech  afoore  Lizzie  Ashton's,  bud  all  th'  grund's  full  o' 
boans. — 1876. 

BURYING-TOWELS,  s.pl.— Towels  used  for  carrying  a  coffin. 

BUSH. — Two  circles  of  iron  lining  the  nave  of  the  wheel  of  a 
cart  or  waggon,  within  which  the  axle  works. — Cf.  House- 
hold Books  of  Ld.  William  Howard  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  100. 
Pro.  Soc.  Ant.,  ii.  series,  vol.  vi.,  p.  372. 

BUSH,  v. — To  stick  thorns  on  land  for  the  purpose  of  hindering 
poachers  from  netting  partridges. 

BUSH-HARROW. — A  harrow  made  by  inserting  bushy  thorns 
in  a  frame  of  wood. 

BUSH-HARROW,  v.— To  harrow  land  with  a  bush-harrow. 


MANLEY    AND    GORFINGHAM   WORDS.  83 

BUSHEL. — One-fourth  of  a  quarter  of  corn,  not  one-eighth,  as 
in  most  other  parts  of  England. 

The  strike  or  half  bushel  represents  here,  and  in  some  other  parts  of 
Lindsey,  the  legal  bushel.  The  earliest  mention  I  have  yet  met  with  of 
this  local  measure  is  the  following  :  The  churchwardens  of  Kirton-in- 
Lindsey  farmed  certain  lands  set  apart  for  maintaining  the  church  and 
its  services.  During  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Sixth — the  precise  year 
is  not  noted — they  sold  several  parcels  of  "  lyane,"  that  is  line  or  flax- 
seed.  The  account  they  rendered  to  the  parish  is  as  follows  :— "  Md  : 
thys  ys  )je  perrselles  of  lyane  delyvered  hereafter  followjng.  It 
delyvered  to  master  subdene  vj  quartorys  ixs  viijd.  ...  It  to 
Thomas  Smythe  of  brege  iij  quarters  iiijs.  It  to  Wylliam  redar  of  j>e 
same  j  quarter  xvjd.  .  .  .  It  to  }>e  glover  of  barton  a  boivssyll.  iiijd. " — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  p.  13.  Cf.  Marshall's  Prov.  of  Midland 
Counties  (E.  D.  S.  Gloss.,  B.  5).  Symond's  Diary  (Camden  Soc.),  p.  127. 

BUSINESS   COW.— A   cow   which  gives   a   good   supply  of 
,»;V  £  milk  and  cream. 

BUSK. — (i)  A  bush.     There  was  in  1672  a  place  in  the  manor 
of  Scotter  called  Goute  Buske. 

"  For  out  of  towne  me  list  to  gone, 
The  sound  of  birdes  for  to  heare 
That  on  the  bushes  singen  cleare." 

Chaucer,  Romaunt  of  the  Rose. 

(2)  A  piece  of  wood,  whalebone  or  steel,  worn  in  the  front 
part  of  a  woman's  stays  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  them 
straight. 

BUSK,  v.— (i)  To  hasten,  to  hurry  forward. 

Noo  busk  thy  sen  off  an'  doant  stan'  theare  gawmin'  for  a  weak. 

(2)  To  drive  off. 

I'll  busk  that  hen  fra'  off  'n  her  nest. 

(3)  To  drive  out. 

If  he  cums  across  my  door  stoan  agean  I'll  busk  him. 
Theare's  a  man  at     .     .     .     that's  alus  saayin'  '  I'll  busk  ye,'  an'  soa 
he's  gotten  th'  naame  w'  iviry  body  of  Buskem     .... 

BUSS.— A  kiss. 
BUSS,  v.— To  kiss. 
BUST,//*.— Burst. 

BUSTLE. — -An  article  of  women's  dress  used  to  make  the  gown 
stand  off  behind. 

"I  bought  you  some  .  .  .  muslin  to  make  you  a  bustle,  but  the 
tiresome  folks  did  not  send  it  with  the  other  things,  so  I  have  been 
obliged  to  make  it  of  some  calico." — Northorpe  Letter  from  M.A.A.to 
M.  P.  Circa,  1825. 


84  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BUT. — Used  reduntantly  in  phrases  such  as  "  I  couldn't  help 
but  see  ; "  "I  couldn't  but  get  weet  o'  my  feat." 

BUTCHER,  v. — To  slaughter  animals  as  a  butcher  does. 
He's  butchered  that  sheap  real  well. 

BUTCHERING.— The  business  of  a  butcher. 
He  was  a  farmer,  but  he's  taken  to  butchering. 

BUTT. — A  flounder,  or  any  kind  of  flat  fish. 

BUTTALL. — That  portion  of  a  piece  of  unenclosed  land  which 
abuts  on  another  property  (obsolete). 

"  Thebuttalls  and  boundaries  thereof." — Lease  of  Brumby  Warren,  1628. 

BUTTER  AND  EGGS.— The  pace  of  a  horse  between  a  trot 
and  a  canter. 

BUTTERBUMP.— The  bittern,  Botaurus  Stellaris. 

A  farm-house  on  the  site  of  Thornholme  Priory  is  called  Butterbump 
Hall.  Bitterns  were  formerly  very  common  in  the  marshes  around. 
The  name  of  one  of  the  hamlets  of  Willoughby-in-the-Marsh  is 
Butterbump,  and  Mr.  Boulton,  in  the  Zoologist  for  1864  (p.  8960)  writes 
that  ...  a  particular  bend  in  the  river  Hull,  known  as  Eske,  was 
formerly  called  Butterbump  Hall  from  the  booming  of  these  birds  that 
lived  around  it.— Cordeaux,  Birds  of  the  Humber,  p.  104. 

BUTTER  DOWN,  BUTTER  UP,  v.— To  flatter. 

He  butter'd  her  doon  so  wi'  talkin'  to  her  aboot  her  bairns,  that  she 
lent  him  three  hairf-croons  an'  her  husband  dikin'  boots. 

It's  noa  ewse  butterin'  on  me  up  i'  this  how  bairn,  thoo  wants  to  staay 
awaay  fra  chapil  an'  play  wi'  'Liza,  an'  thoo's  not  agooin,  soa  noo  then. 

BUTTERED  EGGS,  s.  //.—Eggs  beaten  up  with  butter  and 
cooked  over  the  fire. 

BUTTERFINGERED.— Careless  in  holding  things,  especially 
crockery  (in  almost  general  use). 

Thoo's  th'  butterfinger'dest  lass  I  iver  seed  ;  that's  three  plaates  an'  a 
wine-glass  thoo's  brocken  this  very  weak  an'  Frida'  is  n't  here  yit. 

BUTTER  GOB.— A  large  front  tooth. 

BUTTER-MONEY.— The  money  made  of  butter,  milk,  eggs, 
&c.,  which  is  commonly  the  perquisite  of  the  farmer's  wife. 

BUTTERSCOTCH.— A  confection  of  butter  and  sugar,  other- 
wise called  "toffee;"  it  is  said  to  have  been  first  made  at 
Doncaster  by  a  Scotchwoman,  whence  the  name. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  85 

BUTT-HILLS,  s.  pi. — Mounds  which  have  been  used  for  butts 
in  archery.  They  are  frequently  barrows.  Two  bearing 
this  name  exist  at  Twigmoor,  and  one  at  West  Halton. 
There  was  in  the  seventeenth  century  an  enclosure  at 
Bottesford  called  Btitt-close,  and  until  about  twenty  years 
ago  there  was  a  pasture  at  Northorpe  which  went  by  the 
name  of  the  Butcliff  close. 

BUTTON  OFF. — A  person  is  said  to  have  a  button  off  who  is 
half  idiotic. 

BUTTONS,  s.pl. — (i)  Small  mushrooms  such  as  are  used  for 
pickling. 

(2)  Small  round  cakes  of  gingerbread. 
BUTTON  UP,  v.— To  be  silent. 

BUTTRISE  (but-ris).— A  blacksmith's  tool  used  for  paring 
horses  feet  before  they  are  shod. 

BUTTS. — The  ends  of  ridges  in  an  open  field  which  abutted 
on  other  ridges  that  were  at  right  angles  to  them. 

BUTTY-SHOP. — A  shop  where  goods  are  given  on  account  of 
wages. 

BUZZARD-CLOCK.— A  kind  of  beetle,  a  cockchafer. 

"Au  'eerd  un  a  bummin'  awaay  loike  a  buzzard-clock  ower  my  yead." — 
Tennyson,  Northern  Farmer,  18. 

BY. — The  termination  of  many  names  of  places  :  as  Crossby, 
Brumby,  Roxby,  Risby,  signifying  "town."  The  village 
well  at  North  Kelsey  is  called  the  Bye-well. 

BY. — Of,  concerning. 
Well,  what  by  that. 

BY. — Passed,  understood. 

Mr.  Spillman  was  by  here  this  mornin'. 

BY.— Nigh  unto. 

He  lives  by  Frodingham  Station. 

BY,  conj. — By  that  time. 

I'll  hev  it  ready  by  you  cum  back. 

BY  ALL  MANDER  O'  MEANS,  phr.—By  all  means. 

Bv  all  mander  o'  means  you  mun  sleek  oot  that  fire  afoore  you  goa 
awaay. 


86  MANLKY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

BY  AND  BY,  phr.—Mter  a  time,  shortly. 

"  lam  hie  adero.  Ill  be  heere  by  and  by  againe." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  67. 
"  With  that  [I]  conueied  my  selfe  from  them,  by  &  by  weeping." — 
Ibid,  p.  337. 

BY  BLOW.— A  bastard. 

BYE-BILL. — A  bill  that  is  statute-run  ;   anything  that   is  out 
of  date. 

There  was  an  old  woman  who  acted  for  twenty  years  as  parish 
clerk  at  Normanby-by-Spital.  She  was  very  well  educated,  but  a  Papist 
at  heart  all  the  time.  When  she  was  dying  some  of  the  neighbours 
wanted  to  read  the  Bible  to  her,  but  she  said  she  would  have  nothing 
to  do  with  it,  it  was  naught  but  a  bye-bill. — John  Thorpe. 

BYGONES,  s.  //.—Things  past,  more  especially  past  troubles. 

What's  th'  ewse  o'  reapin'  up.bygongs  ?    Th'  ohd  man's  in  his  graave. 
"  The  bygones  of  her  husband's  stipend." — Decisions  of  the  Eng.  Judges 
during  the  Usurpation,  p.  30. 

BY  GOOD  RIGHTS  (raits).— Fitly,  properly,  injustice. 

Them  two  cloasis  is  mine  by  good  reights,  but  I  ha'n't  munny  to  try  it 
wi'  him. 

BY  HOURS.— See  BY-TIME. 

BY-LANE. — A  private  way,  or  a  parish  road,  not  a  highway. 

"  He  turned  down  a  narrow  by-lane,  fenced  from  the  open  fields  on 
each  side  by  deep  and  wide  ditches." — Ralfh  Skirlaugh,  vol.  ii., 
p.  99. 

BY-NAME.— A  nickname. 

BY  NOW,  adv.— By  this  time. 

I  should  o'must  think  he'll  be  at  Brigg  by  noo. 

BY  PATH. — A  private  footway  or  bridle-road,  or  if  a  public 
path  one  that  is  little  used. 

"  His  modyr,  Ion  and  ou];er  kyn 
Went  by  a  by-pa]>  to  mete  with  hym." 

Manning  of  Brunne,  Meditations,  1.'  480. 

BY  RAW.— In  order,  let  by  the  row. 

He    knaws    th'   naames   o'   all    th'   kings   and  queens  o'   England 

by  raw. 

BY  TAKE. — (i)  A  house  or  farm  taken  of  the  tenant,  not  of 
the  landlord. 

(2)   A  farm  on  which  the  tenant  does  not  live. 

He  hed  th'  cliff  farm  as  a  hy-tak,  he  alus  livvd  beloa  th'  hill. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  87 

BY  THAT.— At  once,  in  an  instant. 

What  a  dog  Rob  is  !     When  I  ligg'd  doon  th'  hoss-rug  he  was  on  it 
agean  by  that. 

BY-TIME,   BY  HOURS.— Time  not  included  in  the  ordinary 
day's  work. 

He  could  n't  write  when  he  was  thoty  year  ohd,  bud  he  toht  his  sen 
at  by-times. 

BY-WIPE.— (i)  A  bastard. 
(2)  An  indirect  sarcasm. 


88  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 


CABBAGE. — "  Thaay  're  baacon  o'  one  side  an'  cabbage  o'  th' 
uther,"  said  of  exceedingly  fine  cabbages. — September,  1875. 

CABBAGE,  v.— To  steal.     Used  of  petty  thefts  only. 

CABBAGE-HEAD.— A  simpleton. 

I  niver  heard  o'  sich  an'  a  cabbage-head  in  all  my  life.  He  pot  white 
o'  egg  an'  soot  on  his  head  to  mak'  his  hair  ton  black. 

"Thou  foul,  filthy  cabbage-head!" — Aphra.  Behn. — The  False  Count, 
1682.  ed.  1724,  vol.  iii,,  p.  146. 

CABLE. — A  long,  narrow  strip  of  ground  in  an  open  field. 
CACK. — Human  dung. 
CACK,  v.— To  dung. 

CACKLE. — When  a  hen  cackles  she  is  believed  to  say — 

"  Cuca,  cuca,  cay  it, 
I've  laid  an  egg,  cum  ta'  it." 

CACKLING. — pres.    pi. — Gabbling;    tale    bearing,   commonly 
used  regarding  women. 

CAD.— Carrion.     See  KET. 

CADDIS. — A  narrow  woollen  binding. 

"  They  come  to  him  by  the  gross ;  inkles,  caddises,  cambrics,  lawns."— 
Winter's  Tale,  act  iv.,  sc.  iii. — Cf.  i.  Henry  the  Fourth,  act  ii.,  sc.  iv. 

CADDY,  adj. — Hale,  hearty. 

Robert  Lockwood  was  the  caddiest  ohd  man  as  I  iver  knaw'd.  When 
hs  was  better  then  ninety  I've  seed  him  huggin'  two  buckets  o'  watter 
at  a  time  up  Yalthrup  Hill  as  nim'le  as  a  bairn. 

CADE. — (i)  A  lamb  reared  by  hand. 

"  Three  cade  lambs  were  playing  near  the  door." — John  Clare, 
Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  126. 

(2)  A  child  that  is  babyish  in  its  manners. 
CADGE,  v. — To  do  odd  jobs  ;  to  live  by  "  catch- work,"  q.v. 


MANLEY  AHD   CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  89 

CADGER.— One  who  cadges.  The  term  is  often  applied  to 
men  who  do  odd  jobs  as  grooms,  such  as  making  up  horses 
for  fairs. 

CAFFLE,  v.—(i)  To  entangle. 

You've  caffled  them  cottons  togither  shaameful. 

(2)  To  prevaricate. 

He  caffled  a  bitjwhen  he  was  afoore  th'  magistrates,  bud  it  were  to  noa 
good. 

GAGGLE,  v, — To  stick  together,  to  coagulate. 

The  drain  of  a  sink  being  stopped,  the  maid  servant  explained  that 
she  never  washed  any  earthy  vegetables  at  it  but  that  "  its  th1  hard 
watter,  th'  soap  an'  things  that  caggles  all  together." 

CAG  MAGS.— (i)  Old  geese. 
(2)  Unwholesome  meat. 

CAILES. — Nine  pins  (obsolescent). 

"  Le  jeu  des  quilles,  the  game  at  nine  pins." — Miege,  Fr.-Eng.  Diet., 
1679. 

CAINGE,  v. — (i)  To  waste  through  sickness  or  declining  health. 
Poor  thing !  she'll  not  bide  it  a  deal  longer ;  she's  caaingin'  awaay, 
poor  bairn  ;  said  of  a  child  that  had  swallowed  a  halfpenny. 

(2)  To  decay,  said  of  things  without  life. 

CAKE  (kai-h'k). — (i)  Bread  baked  on  the  sole,  not  in  a  tin. 

"  The  women  near  Burton-Stather  are  very  lazy  .  .  .  Mr. 
Goulton's  expression  was,  '  they  do  nothing  but  bring  children  and  eat 
cake.'  " — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.  1799,  p.  413. 

(2)  Linseed  or  other  cakes  used  as  food  for  cattle. 

(3)  A  silly  person,  especially  one  fat  and  sluggish. 

He  was  a  sore  caake,  wo'd  n't  stir  his-sen  so  much  as  to  maw  his 
muther  gress-plat. 

(4)  Anything  very  bad  to  bear  is  called  hard  caake. 

CAKE-BREAD. — Bread  of  a  fine  quality,  made  of  flour  such 
as  cakes  are  made  of. 

CALCIE  (kal'si). — A  causeway  (obsolescent). 

"  Calseys,  they  are  common  passage  wayes  upon  the  land,  made  of 
stone,  sand,  or  gravel,  and  they  have  the  name  a  cake,  the  usual  stone,  it 
should  seem,  whereof  most  calseys  have  formerly  been  made." — Instruc. 
for  jurymen  in  the  Commission  of  Sewers,  1664,  p.  28.  See  CAUSEY. 

CALEVER. — A  culverin,  a  hand-gun  (obsolete). 

"  For  mending  ye  calever  vfi-"—Kirton-in-Lindsey,  Ch,  Ace,,  1569. 


90  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CALKINS,  5.  pi.— See  CAUKENS. 

CALL. — Reason,  occasion. 

If  suppoasin',  she  bed  bed  a  misfo'tun,  her  faather  hed  no  call  to 
ewse  th'  lass  e'  that  how. 

CALL,  v. — (i)  To  miscall  a  person,  to  call  a  person  out  of  his 
name,  that  is,  by  a  nick-name,  and  hence,  by  an  easy 
transition,  to  use  foul  words,  to  abuse. 

"  No  child  in  the  Band  of  the  Cross  must  use  bad  Iangua5e,  or  call 
any  one." — Rules  of  the  Epworth  Band  of  the  Cross. — Crowle  Advertiser, 
December  19,  1874. 

I'm  cum'd  to  sea,  Squire,  if  I  can't  hev  sum  rem'dy  .  .  .  caird 
me  shaameful  yesterda'  afoore  all  the  foaks  as  was  cumin'  fra' 
chapil. 

"They  call  our  place  (Gainsburgh)  for  being  dirty  ;  look  at  Retford." — 
Gainsb.  News,  Feb.  9,  1878. 

"  David  when  Simei  did  call  him  all  to  nought,  did  not  chide  again." 
Homiby  against  Contention,  pt.  II.,  ed.  1815,  p.  98. 

(2)  To  proclaim  by  the  town  crier. 

It  was  call'd  on  three  market-daays  at  Brigg,  bud  it  was  n't  fun. 

(3)  What  do  they  call  you  ?     What  is  your  name  ? 

CALLED  HOME,  TO  BE.— To  die. 

He  was  call'd  hodm  on  th'  sixt  o'  November. 

CALLING  IN  CHURCH.— Publication  of  banns. 

CALLlS,  v. — To  harden  or  indurate  :  applied  to  soil,  sand, 
gravel,  and  the  like. 

CALLIS-SAND.— White  scouring  sand. 

CALL  OF.— Call  for. 

He  said  I  was  to  call  of  him  when  I  was  ready. 

CAM,  i\— Came. 

Fie  cam  at  six  o'  clock  e'  th1  mornin'. 

CAMBRIDGE,  v.— To  roll  with  a  Cambridge  roller.  An 
agricultural  implement  which  takes  its  name  from  its 
inventor,  Mr.  William  Colbirne  Cambridge. 

"  We  Caambridg'd  them  to'nups  as  soon  as  thaay  was  sawn." — July 
io,  1882.  Yaddlethorpe. 

CAMERILL,  CAMBERILL.— The  hock  of  an  animal. 


MANLEY-  ANp   CofcfclNGHAM   WORDS.  91  ; 

CAMERILL-STICK.— A  somewhat  curved  piece  of  wood 
with  several  notches  in  it  at  each  end,  used  to  put  through 
the  hamstrings  of  animals  when  dressed,  by  which  the 
carcase  is  suspended. 

CAMP. — An  encampment. 

Ther'  ewsed  mostlin's  to  be  a.  camp  o'  gipsies  i'  th1  laaneagean  Shawn 
dike. 

CAMPERS,  5.  pi. — Persons  who  live  in  tents — gipsies. 

CAMP-MEETING. — A  meeting  for  religious  purposes,  held  in 
the  open  air,  by  the  Primitive  Methodist  Connection. 

CAN,  v. — May. 

"  Can  I  chen  to-daay  ? "  enquired  a  woman  servant  of  her  mistress,  a 
lady  from  Devonshire,  "  Yes,  I  have  no  doubt  you  can,  Mary,"  was 
the  reply,  "  for  you  did  it  very  well  last  week  !  " 

CANARY,  CANARY  PLANT.— (i)  Covydalis  Lutea. 
(2)  Tvopceolum  Canariensis. 

CANCH  (kansh). — A  small  but  uncertain  quantity  of  unthreshed 
corn,  straw,  hay,  or  clover. 

Ther's  just  one  little  canch  o'  oats  left  an'  that's  all. 
"  ij  canckis  of   barly   xxvs.      .     .     .      Canch  Rie  and  Crushen   Rye 
xiiijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Court  Roll,  1519. 

CANDIED  TOGETHER,  CANDED  TOGETHER,  pp.— 
Stuck  together  by  rust,  pressure,  or  other  means. 

"  She  lost  him  one  night  in  the  great  frost  upon  our  common,  and 
there  he  was  found  in  the  morning  canded  in  ice."— Th.  Killigrew,  The 
Parson's  Wedding,  act  i.,  sc.  i. 

I. fun  a  lump  o'  sneel-shells  what  would  fill  a  barra'  e1  th'  inside  d' 
a  holla'  esh  trea,  all  candied  togither. 

A. labourer,  who  came  Upon  a  "  find  "  of  bronze  celts  at  West  Halton, 
said,  "  Thaay  was  all  candied  togither." 

Shakspere  speaks  of  "  The  cold  brook  candied  with  ice." — Timon  of 
Athens,  Act  iv.,  sc.  iii. 

CANDIED  PILL.— Candied  lemon-peel. 

CANDLE,  SALE  BY.-- An  auction  where  a  short  piece  of 
candle  was  burnt,  and  the  last  bidder  before  the  candle^ 
went  out  became  the  purchaser.  Cf.  T.  L.  O.  Davies, 
Supplementary  Eng.  Gloss.,  sub.  voc. — Hist.  MSS.  Com.  Rep. 
IV.  1.03  ii.— Palmer  Perlust.  Yarmouth,  vol.  ii.,  p.  109.— 
Archaologia,  vol.  xxxvii.,  p.  389. — Briscoe,  Old  Nottingham- 
shire, i.  series,  p.  65. — Cox  and  Hope,  All  Saints,  Derby, 
Y>  68. —Russell,  Haigs ^  of Bemerside,  p.  357.— -Fleet,  Sussex 
'Ancestors,  p.  4-5. 


92  MANLEY    \ND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

CANDLE  LEET  TIME.— Dusk,'the  time  when  candles  ought 
to  be  lighted. 

CANKER.— (i)  Rust. 

(2)  The  hair-like  gall  on  the  wild  rose,  caused  by  the  cynips 
rosae. 

"  The  canker-blooms  have  full  as  deep  a  dye, 
As  the  perfumed  tincture  of  the  roses  ; 
Hang  on  such  thorns,  and  play  as  wantonly, 
When  summer's  breath  their  masked  buds  discloses." 

Shakspere,  Sonnet  liv. 

(3)  Inflammation  in  the  ears  and  mouths  of  animals. 

"  Washed  my  horses  mouthes  for  the  canker,  which  were  foule  eaten 
therewith." — Adam  Eyre's  Diary  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  69. 

(4)  A  diseased  place  in  the  bark  of  a  tree. 

(5)  Caries  of  teeth  or  bones. 

CANKER,  v.—  To  rust. 
CANKERED.— Ill-tempered. 

He's  alus  real  cankered  when  times  is  bad. 

11  Wee  had  never  such  a  cank'red  carle, 
Were  never  in  our  companie." 

Percy  Folio,  vol.  i.,  p.  48. 

CANNON-MOUTH.— Part  of  a  horse's  bit. 

"  A  round,  long  piece  of  iron,  consisting  sometimes  of  two  pieces  that 
couple  and  bend  in  the  middle  ...  so  contrived  that  they  rise 
gradually  towards  the  middle,  and  ascend  towards  the  palate ;  to  the 
end,  that  the  void  space  left  underneath  may  give  some  liberty  to  the 
tongue." — Sportsman's  Diet.  1785  sub.  voc. 

CANNY,  adj. — Knowing,  well-skilled  in  the  small  duties  of  life. 

CANT. — Part  of  a   buttress  wall,  or  other  building  which  is 
sloped  off. 

CANT,  v .— (i)  To  set  on  edge. 

(2)  To  cut  diagonally,  to  slope. 

(3)  To  deceive  by  pious  pretences. 

CANTER. — One  who  deceives  by  pious  pretences. 
Moast  foaks  calls  'em  ranters,  I  call  'em  canters. 

CANT-HOOK. — A  tool  used  for  turning  over  timber. 
CANTING. — The  fondling  ways  of  a  child. 

CANT-WINDOW.— A  bay  window,  the  angles  of  which  are 
bevelled  off. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  93 

CANTY.— Lively,  cheerful. 

CAP,  v. — To  surpass. 
Well,  this  caps  all. 

CAPE,  CAPEING.— The  coping-stones  of  a  wall. 

CAPES,  s.  pi. — Ears  of  corn  and  fragments  of  ears,  broken  oft 
in  threshing. 

"  We  make  the  miller  sitte  on  his  knees  and  rye  it,  that  the  dirte  and 
dust  may  goe  through,  and  the  chaffe-capes  and  heads  gather  togeather 
on  the  top." — Best,  Rural  Economy  in  Yorkshire,  1641,  p.  103. 

CAP  IN  HAND,  phr.— Humbly. 

He's  alus  cap  in  hand  to  ...  when  he's  theare,  but  when  his 
back's  ton'd  he  calls  him  a  leein'  nazzle,  like  th'  rest  o'  foaks. 

"  Doth  hee  thinke  .  .  .  that  I  will  come  to  entreate  him  cap  in 
hand? — Bernard,  Terence,  p  341. 

CAPPER. — (i)  Something  very  superior. 
(2)  Something  very  puzzling. 

CAPPING  SHEAVES.  -The  hood  sheaves  of  a  stock. 

Ten  sheaves  make  a  stook  of  corn  ;  when  it  is  probable  that  rain  will 
fall,  two  of  these  sheaves  are  taken  and  put  at  right  angles  upon  the  top, 
so  as  to  make  a  hood  for  the  others. 

CAPPING  STONES.— Coping  stones.     See  CAPE. 

CAP-SCREED. — The   edging  of   a    woman's   cap  when   the 
borders  were  worn  full  and  broad,  as  they  were  about  1838. 

Master  Edward's  setten  my  cap-screed  a-fire,  as  I  was  huggin'  him  up 
to  bed. 

CAPTAIN. — The  chief  person  in  a  gang  of  labourers. 

CAR. — Low,  unenclosed  land,  liable  to  be  flooded. 

"  Sire  Thadok  ]>e  erchelischop  of  jork, 
He  livede  in  tterres  as  do])]>e  stork." 

Robert  Manning  of  Brunne, 

Story  of  Engl.  ii.,  805. 

"  Yt  ys  ordered  that  euery  inhabytant  of  Scotter  shall  put  ther  geyse 
on  the  carre,  or  else  clyppe  ther  wynges,  or  pull  theym  vpon  payne  of 
eurye  flocke  iijs.  Hid — Scatter  Court  Roll,  1556. 

C  AR^  KTER.— Character. 

"  Consider,  sir,  a  servant's  bread  depends  upon  his  carackter." — High 
Life  Below  Stairs,  Act  i. 


94  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

CARE,  A  PRETTY.— Said  of  any  person  or  thing  which 
causes  much  trouble  or  inconvenience. 

He's  a.  pretty  care  poor  creatur',  strong  as  he  ewsed  to  be,  he  can't  do 
one  thing  for  his  sen  noo'. 

CAR  FIR,  CAR  OAK,  CAR  WOOD.— Timber  and  roots 
of  trees  dug  up  in  the  cars  and  moors. 

CARF. — The  incision  made  by  a  saw  in  cutting  timber. — 
Messingham,  cf.  Ray,  South  and  East  Country  words  (E.D.S.), 
B  16,  p.  85. 

CARGRAVE. — A  manorial  officer  who  has  custody  of  the  cars. 
See  CAR. 

CARGRAVER.— (i)  A  cargra.ve. 
.  (2)  A  man  who  digs  turves  and  buried  timber  in  the  cars. 

CARPET. — When  servants  are  sent  for  into  the  parlour  to  be 
scolded,  they  are  said  to  have  been  up  o'  th'  carpet. 

CARL-HEMP,  Le.,  male  hemp. — The  female  plant  of  the 
cannabis  sativa. 

"  It  is  curious  that  this  name  is  always  given  to  the  female  plant  by 
the  old  writers,  who  called  it  the  male  plant,  although  they  observed 
that  it  bore  seed." — Britten  and  Holland's  Eng.  Plant  Names. 

Hemp  was  much  cultivated  here  until  the  end  of  the  wars  of  the  first 
French  empire.  My  father  informed  me  that  carl-hemp  was  used  for 
ropes, .sack-cloth,  and  other  coarse  manufactures;  the  .fimUe-hemp  was 
applied  to  making  sheets  and  other  household  purposes. 

CARPETING. — The  material  from  which  carpets  are  made, 
before  it  is  cut  up  into  lengths,  shaped  and  stitched  to- 
gether ready  for  use.  Several  similar  words  are  employed 
as  strainering,  the  web  from  which  strainers  are  made, 
sheeting  the  material  for  sheets.  Shirting  has  already  passed 
from  English  into  German. 

CARRAWAY  SEED.— Used  as  the  type  of  something  quite 
worthless,  because  so  very  small. 

I  wo'dn't  gie  a  carrawaay-sedd  to  hev  it  one  waay  or  tuther. 

CARRIAGE. — A  vehicle  for  riding  in,  having  springs  and  four 
wheels.  A  two- wheeled  vehicle  is  never  called  a  carriage. 

You  call  that  basket-work  thing  you  ride  in  a  carriage,  but  it's  noht 
o'  th'  soort,  it's  a  gig,  for  ther's  nobbut  two  wheats  undernean  it. 

CARRITY-POLL. — A  nickname  for  a  person  with  red  hair. 

Cam^-beard  is  set  down  as  a  nickname  in  Symond's  Diary  (Camden 
Soc.),  1645,  p.  275. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  95 

CARRY  ON,  v.— (i)  To  flirt,  to  romp. 

She's  a  steady  enif  lass  when  th'  missis  is  by  ;  but  when  her  back's 
ton'd,  she  does  carry-on  bonnily  wi'  th'  chaps. 

(2)  To  use  violent  language. 

He  carri'd  on  aboon  a  bit  when  him  an'  th'  chaps  cum'd  hoame,  an' 
ther'  wasn't  noa  dinner  ready. 

He  carries  on  shaameful  when  he's  e'  drink. 

(3)  To  act  in  a  wild  and  foolish  manner  in  any  crisis  of  affairs. 

"  An'  theare  thaay  stans'  bealin  an'  carryin'  on,  till  thaay'd  o'must 
wept  enif  to  fill  a  wesh-tub." — Mabel  Peacock,  Tales  and  Rhymes  in  the 
Lindsey  Folk-Speech,  62. 

CARRY-TALE.— A  tale-bearer. 

She's  the  newsyest  ohd  carry-taale  i'  all  Blyton,  an'  that's  saayin1  a 
deal. 

"  Some  carry -tale,  some  please-man,  some  slight  zany, 
Some  mumble-news,  some  trencher-knight,  some  Dick." 

Love's  Labour  Lost,  Act  v.,  sc.  ii. 

CART.— A  cart  is  said  to  be  too  light  on,  when  there  is  not 
sufficient  weight  to  keep  down  the  shafts.  It  is  too  heavy 
on  when  the  pressure  on  the  shafts  is  too  great. 

CART,  TO  GET  INTO.— To  get  into  a  bad  temper. 

"  Na,  noo,  thoo  neadn't  get  into  th'  cart,  for  I  wean't  draw  thee." — 
Winterton,  August  6,  1875,  cf.  Bare-cart. 

CART-ARSE,  CART-TAIL.— The  hinder  part  of  a  cart. 

"  When  from  Fleet-bridg  to  Westminster,  at  cart's  arsse  I  was  whipt, 
Then  thou  with  joy  my  soull  uppheld'st  so  that  I  never  wept." 

John  Lilburne,  The  Work  of  the  Beast,  1638. 

Last  page. 

"  That  they  take  out  theire  forkesand  rakes  out  of  the  waines  arse." — 
1641. — Best,  Farming  Book  (Surtees  Soc.)  p.  47. 

"  That  Margaret  Justice  be  whipt  the  next  day  att  2  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon  att  a  cart's  arse,  and  Ann  Blevin  and  Jane  Justice  be  carryed 
in  the  cart  att  the  same  time,  from  the  Exchange  to  Jane  Justice's 
house  in  Dale  Street." — Record,  1708,  in  Sir  James  Picton's  Municipal 
Archives  of  Liverpool,  81. 

CART-EARS,  s.  //.—Iron  eyes  at  the  end  of  the  shafts,  to 
which  the  traces  of  the  fore  horses  are  attached. 

CARTE-BOTE. — The  right  of  getting  wood  for  making  and 
mending  carts  (obsolete). 

"  Et  carte-bate  ibidem  et  non  alibi  annuatimexpendendum." — Lease  of 
Lands  in  Brumby,  1568.  Cf.  Mon.  Ang.,  v.  iiii.,  p.  209,  i. 

CARTEE. — A  lightly-built  cart  having  springs. 

"  To  be  sold  by  auction  by  Mr.  John  Thorpe  .  .  .  wagon,  carts, 
cartee,  harrows,  ploughs,  machines,  and  a  general  assortment  of  farming 
implements." — Gainsburgh  News,  March  23,  1867. 


96  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

CART  GUM. — The  black  compound  of  grease  and  tar  which 
exudes  from  the  axles  of  carts  and  waggons. 

When  I  was  a  lad  I  liv'd  sarvant  wi'  Dook  up  ov  Motton  Car,  an' 
ther'  was  a  chap  wi'  me  what  wanted  straange  an'  bad  to  hev'  sum 
whiskers  graw ;  so  I  tell'd  him  if  he  nobbut  rubb'd  his  cheaks  wi'  cart- 
gum  oher-neet  he'd  find  'em  grawin'  e'  th"  mornin,'  an'  th'  soft  blether- 
head  hed  no  moore  sense  then  to  do  as  I  tell'd  him,  an'  he  hed  to 
scrub  th'  skin  awaay  afoor  th'  cart-gum  wo'd  cum  off." — Th.  Stocks, 
Yaddlethorpe. 

CART-SADDLE.— The  saddle  placed  on  a  shaft-horse  in  a 
cart,  waggon,  or  carriage. 

In  Piers  the  Plowman  the  "  comissarie  "  is  called  cartesadel. — B.  text, 
pass,  ii.,  line  179. 

CARVE. — A  measure  of  land.     Probably  a  carucate  (obsolete). 
"  In  1626  Vincent  Codder,  of  Scotter,  surrendered  a  carve  of  pasture 
to  William  Beck."— Scotter  Court  Roll. 

CAR-WATER.— Water  coloured  by  peat. 

CASE-HARDENED,  adj.—(i)  Hard  on  the  outside  only. 
This  bread's  nobbut  caase-hardened,  it's  not  hairf  fit  e'  th'  inside. 

(2)  Obdurate,  obstinate,  incorrigible. 

He's  a  real  case-hardened,  theaf.  It's  not  long  sin'  he  stoal  a  uven  to 
sell  to  get  drink  wi'. 

CASSELTY,  adj. — Plap-hazard,  chance. 

Casselty  meat  is  the  flesh  of  an  animal  that  dies  by  accident,  such  as 
the  flesh  of  drowned  sheep. 

Casselty  weather,  is  weather  that  is  uncertain,  now  rainy  and  now 
sunshiny. 

CASSEN,/^. — (i)  Cast,  warped,  twisted. 

That  door's  cassen  soa  as  it  duzn't  fit  th'  standard. 

(2)  Overthrown. 

Ther's  a  sheap  cassen  i'  th'  Fimblestangs. 

(3)  Beaten  in  a  lawsuit. 

He  went  on  for  ten  year  or  better,  but  was  cassen  at  last,  an'  he'd  th' 
expences  all  to  paay. 

CASSON.— Cow  dung. 

"  When  I  cum'd  oot  o'  Ketton  prison,  I  was  that  dry  for  a  sup  o'  gin, 
'at  if  I'd  seed  ony  o'  th'  top  o'  a  casson  I  should  hev  sup'd  it." — B.  J., 
Oct.  4,  1882. 

I  alus  reckon  a  ugly  lass  wi'  a  smart  bonnit  on  to  be  just  like  a 
primroase  e'  a  casson. 

"  Cow-cassons  until  the  time  of  the  enclosures  supplied  the  poor  with  a 
great  part  of  their  fuel.  They  were  dried  in  summer  and  stacked  for 
winter  use.  This  practise  is  common  all  over  Central  Asia,  and  even 
in  Egypt  and  Syria." — E.  J.  Davis,  Anatolica,  p  304. 

"  In  the  43.  of  Elizabeth  there  was  a  place  in  Brumby  called  Casson- 
lands." — Kirton  Court  Roll. — Cf.  Ralf  Skerlaugh  vol.  ii.,  p.  104. 


MANLEY   AND   CORR1NGHAM   WORDS.  97 

CASSONING.— (i)  Getting  cassotis  for  fuel. 

(2)  Breaking  cassons  and  spreading  them  on  pastures. 

CAST. — (i)  Style,  manner. 

I  knaw'd  by  th'  cast  o'  his  faaca  that  he  was  leein'. 
(2)  A  second  swarm  of  bees  from  the  parent  hive. 

CAST,  v. — (i)  Sheep  and  cows  are  said  to  cast  their  young  when 
they  are  born  dead.  Pick  is  the  more  common  word,  but 
cast  is  considered  the  refined  term. 

(2)  An  animal  is  said  to  be  cast  when  thrown  down  for  the 
purpose  of  shoeing,  or  any  surgical  operation. 

"  The  animal  is  first  cast  or  thrown,  and  his  legs  bound  together." — 
Treatise  on  Live  Stock,  1810,  p.  63. 

C AST-BYS,  CAST-OFFS,  s.  ^/.-—Things  thrown  on  one  side  as 
worthless. 

These    Ritualists  are  bringing  in    all  sorts  of    old  things  which  I 
thought  had  been  cast-bys  ever  since  P.opery  was  done  away  with. 

CASTINGS,  5.  pL—(i)  The  curled  lumps  of  earth  cast  up  by 
worms. 

(2)  The  dung  of  birds. 

(3)  The  lumps  of  undigested  matter  which  certain  birds  void 
from  their  mouths. 

CASTING-TOOL.— A  wooden  spade  shod  with  iron  used  by 
"  bankers." 

CAST-METAL.— Cast-iron. 
CAST  OUT.— To  quarrel. 

CAST  OHER,  v.—(i)  To  meditate. 

I've  been  cast  hi'  ohev  what  you  said  iver  sin1  I  seed  you  last. 
(2)  To  become  overcast. 

CAST  UP.— (i)  To  vomit. 

(2)  To  reckon  up  accounts. 

(3)  To  recriminate,  to  recall  former  quarrels,  to  remind  of 
unpleasant  things. 

He  cast  things  up  at  me,  that  happen'd  afoore  we  was  wed. 
"  But  a  cost  oop,  that  a  did,  'boot  Bessy  Harris's  barn." — Tennyson 
Northern  Farmer,  4. 
H 


98  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

CAST  WATER. — A  person  is  said  to  cast  another's  water  who 
pretends  to  discover  diseases  and  their  cure  by  the  inspection 
of  urine.  These  impostors,  of  whom  several  yet  exist,  are 
called  water-casters  or  water-doctors,  q.v. 

CAT. — A  soft  cake  made  of  clay,  salt,  meal  and  some  aromatic 
ingredients,  employed  to  lure  pigeons  into  a  dovecote.  The 
use  of  the  cat  is  said  to  have  been  illegal.  Perhaps  it  was 
forbidden  by  the  regulations  of  some  manor  court. 

CAT,  proveyb. — As  lame  as  a  cat. 

CAT,  v. — To  vomit. 

CAT-BLASH,  CAT-LAP,  CAT-WAB.— (i)  Weak,  worthless, 
drink. 

You  call  this  tea  maay  be ;  I  call  it  sore  cat-blash ;  why  it  hes  n't 
strength  to  run  oot  o1  th1  spoot. 

(2)   Worthless  talk. 

I  can  bear  to  hear  bairns  chitter,  for  thaay  knaw  noa  better,  bud  I 
wean't  listen  to  cat-ii'ab  like  this,  soa  I  tell  ye. 

CATCH. — (i)  A  keel,  a  small  river  boat. 

"  And  after  that  tooke  a  Scottish  barke,  and  a  Dover  barke,  and  a 
pram  or  hute  and  a  catch.'' — Husband,  Coll.  of  Orders,  Ordinances  and 
Declarations,  1643,  vol.  ii.,  p.  261. 

(2)  A  latch  of  a  gate  or  door. 

"  For  .  .  .  a  catch  &  a  ringe  for  the  west  gate." — Louth  Ch.  Ace., 
1610,  vol.  iii.,  p.  196. 

CATCHED,  pt.  /.—Caught. 

"  I  catched  the  fellow  alone." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  404. 
"  The  animal  has  catched  cold." — Vegetius  Renatus,  Of  the  Distempers 
of  Horses,  1748,  p.  108. 

"  Over  the  principal  door  there  is  a  large  picture  .  .  .  repre- 
senting the  woman  catched  in  adultery." — Udal  Ap  Rhys,  A  Tour 
through  Spain  and  Portugal,  1780,  p.  88. 

"  There  was  a  noble  lord,  in  the  list  then  did  stand, 
Threw  Devonshire  a  sword  and  he  catched  it  in  his  hand." 

Lord  Delemert. 

CATCH-FLY. — A  snapdragon.     Antirrhinum  majus. 
CATCH  HOLD  ON.— To  catch. 

CATCH  IT. — A  threat  of  punishment. 

My  eye,  but  if  you  doant  cut  off  quick  you'll  catch  it. 


MANLEY  'AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  99 

CATCHMAN.— (i)  The  master  of  a  catch,  q.v. 

(2)  A  man  who  earns  his  living  by  "catch  work."   See  CADGER. 

CATCH-WATER.— A  drain  at  the  foot  of  a  hill,  for  the 
purpose  of  catching  the  water  that  comes  from  thence,  and 
taking  it  direct  into  a  main  drain,  thus  hindering  it  from 
overflowing  the  lowlands. 

CATCH-WORK.— A  man  is  said  to  be  at  catch-work  when  he 
does  not  work  for  any  regular  employer,  but  catches  a  day's 
labour  now  from  one  master  and  now  from  another. 

CATERWAUL.— The  cry  of  the  female  cat  when  she  desires 
the  male. 

"As  little  regarded  as  the  caterwauling  of  a  cat    in   a  gutter."  — 
Ivanhoe,  chap.  xvii. 

"  To  a  similar  cause  the  caterwauling  of  more  than  one  species  of  this 
genus  is  to  be  referred." — Shelley,  Peter  Bell,  part  iii.,  note. 

CAT-CRADLE. — A  game  children  play  with  their  fingers  and 
a  piece  of  string. 

CAT-FAT. — "  As   short   as  cat-fat,"  signifies  something   that 
breaks  very  readily  and  in  an  unexpected  manner. 
This  warp  is  as  short  as  cat-fat,  it  weant  hing  together  a  bit. 

CAT-GALLOWS.— Two  forked  sticks  stuck  in  the.  ground,  with 
one  laid  across  to  form  a  leaping-bar. 

CAT-HAW.— The  fruit  of  the  hawthorn. 
CAT-HAW-CHAP.— A  fop. 
CAT-HEAD.— A  kind  of  apple. 
CAT-ICE. — Thin  ice  with  no  water  under  it. 

CAT-IN-PATTENS.— He  fraames  like  a  cat  i'  pattens,  said  of 
a  person  who  does  anything  in  an  unworkmanlike  manner. 

CAT-JINGLES. — Herpes  Zoster,  the  shingles,  a  disease  with 
which  elderly  persons  threaten  children  who  are  fond  of 
nursing  cats.  The  symptoms  are  said  to  be  large  red  spots 
which  grow  around  the  waist,  one  fresh  one  growing  on 
each  side  every  day.  When  they  meet  over  the  spine  the 
patient  dies. 

CAT-LEGGED,  adj. — Lanky;  used  of  animals. 


ICO  MANLEV  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

CAT'S  AUNT.  —  When  a  person  talking  of  another,  says 
"  she,"  without  mentioning  the  name  of  the  woman  referred 
to,  the  hearer  often  says  by  way  of  reproof,  "  She's  the  cat's 
aunt.'''  Common  in  London  and  elsewhere. 

CAT-TAIL.— I  wish  I'd  hohd  o'  oor  cat  taail,  i.e.,  I  wish  I 
was  at  home. 

CAT-TAILS,  s.  //.—The  heads  of  the  great  bulrush,  Typha 
lati folia. 

CATTLE-RAKE.— The  extent  of  pasturage  on  a  common, 
or  in  an  open  field,  on  which  the  stock  of  a  certain  parish 
were  permitted  to  depasture. 

CATTLES,  s.pl.— Plural  of  cattle  (obsolete). 

"  Keep  from  biting,  treading  underfoot,  or  damage  of  beasts,  horses 
and  catties.'" — Lease  of  Lands  in  Brumby,  1716. 

CAT  WASHING  DISHES.— The  sunlight  reflected  from  a 
pail  of  water,  upon  a  wall  or  the  floor. — Bottesford,  October 
i,  1878. 

CAUDLE.— A  warm  drink. 

Mrs.  Baayley  of  Messingham,  she  ewsed  fer  to  mak'  sum  very  fine 
caudles  fer  badly  foak. 

CAUF.— (i) 'A  calf. 

(2)  The  calf  of  the  leg. 

(3)  A  silly  fellow,  a  coward. 

A  gentleman  was  enlarging  to  a  Winterton  lad  on  the  virtues  of 
Spanish-juice.  "  Ah,  then,  ye'll  ha'  been  to  th'  mines,  wheare  thaay 
gets  it,"  the  boy  exclaimed  ;  whereupon  the  mother  broke  in  with  "  A 
great  cauf.  Duz  he  think  'at  thaay  dig  it  oot  o'  th1  grund,  saame  as 
thaay  do  sugar  ?" 

What  a  cauf  it  is !  Why,  he's  as  scar'd  o'  a  toad  as  I  am  o'  a  mad 
bull. 

CAUF-HEART.— A  coward. 
CAUF-HEARTED,  adj.— Cowardly. 

CAUF-LICK. — A  portion  of  the  hair  on  the  head  that  will  not 
lie  in  the  direction  in  which  it  is  brushed. 

CAUF-TOD. — Literally  calf  dung,  but  used  as  a  name  for  a 
kind  of  sweet-meat  sold  at  Messingham  and  Ashby  feasts. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  101 

CAUKINS,  5.  pi. — Projections  on  the  hinder  part  of  horses' 
shoes,  used  for  the  purpose  of  enabling  the  animals  to 
hold  their  feet  on  the  pavements  of  streets,  and  on  high- 
ways in  slippery  weather. 

"  Drive  her  coursers  .  .  .  and  strike  bright  daylight  out  of  the 
azure  rocks  with  their  steeled  caiihins."  —  John  Day,  Peregrinatio 
Scholastica,  chap.  xiv.  See  CALKINS. 

"  The  iron  rims  placed  on  the  under  side  of  clogs  are  called  caakers 
in  Lancashire." — Morris,  Furness  Gloss.,  p.  15. 

CAUL. — (i)  A  thin  membrane  which  is  said  to  be  found 
encompassing  the  heads  of  some  infants  at  birth.  It  is 
believed  to  act  as  a  charm  against  shipwreck. — Cf.  Palmer, 
Perlust.  Yarmouth,  vol.  i.,  p.  163.  Thiers  Traite  des  Sup., 
vol.  i.,  p.  319,  Le  Brun.,  Sup.  Anc.  et  Mod.,  vol.  i.,  116-148. 
Stallybrass,  Trans,  of  Grimm's  Tronic  Mythology,  vol.  ii.,  874. 

(2)  The  thin  fatty  membrane  to  which  the  intestines  of  a  pig 
are  attached. 

(3)  Perhaps  a  staithe  (obsolete). 

"  Thomas  Abbott,  of  Stockwith,  shall  make  one  caule  against  his  banks 
lying  in  the  aforsaid  Goule." — Inquisition  of  Sewers,  1583,  p.  5. 

In  the  i4th  of  Elizabeth  in  the  Manor  Roll  of  Little  Carlton  the 
word  caul  is  used  for  a  pigsty." 

CAULIFLOWER.— A  little  fungus-like  knot  on  the  top  of 
the  wick  of  a  candle,  which  enlarges,  becoming  first  red 
and  then  black.  Cf.  Georgica  i.,  392. 

CAULK  (kaulk).— Chalk. 

"The  materials  are  a  mixture  of  brick,  freestone,  and  cauk.  .  .  . 
The  internal  walls,  for  the  most  part  soft  cauk,  found  in  the  neighbour- 
hood."— William  Fowler,  Discrip.  ofTho.nton  Coll.,  1824. 

"  Bits  of  brick,  slate,  and  cauk  set  in  curious  figures." — Diary  of 
Abraham  de  la  Pryme. — (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  212. 

CAUSEY. — (i)  A  footpath,  especially  when  made  of  flagstones 
or  paved  with  cobbles. 

(1659.)  "  For  paving  the  causey  in  the  church-yard."—  Louth  Ch.  Ace.. 
vol.  iiii.,  p.  286. 

(2)  A  highway  over  boggy  land,  that  has  been  made  by  raising 
a  bank  above  the  level  of  the  water  as  it  stands  in  flood  time. 

"  jx>row  myres,  hylles  &  vales,  He  made  brugges  &  causes.'' — Robert 
Manning  of  Brunne,  Story  of  Eng.,  i.,  no. 

"  That  no  manner  of  person  nor  persons  shall  grave  near  any  cawsey, 
by  xxtj  fott  of  eyther  syde  in  payne  of  vjs  viid." — Bottesford  Manor 
Roll,  1578. 

"  In  1582,  Thomas  Dawber  surrendered  a  piece  of  land  called  "  Cawsey 
furlong,"  within  the  manor  of  Scotter,  to  Nicholas  Hickes." — Scatter 
Court  Roll,  sub  ann. 

Brumby  caucee  is  mentioned  in  the  Court  Roll  of  the  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey,  of  4th  Edward  iv. 


102  MANLEY  AND  CORRIN'GHAM  WORDS, 

CAUSEY.— (2)  continued. 

"  Brumby  causey  &  the  dikes  on  either  side  of  them  shall  be  sufficiently 
scowred  and  cleansed." 

"There  is  one  causey  or  highway  within  the  Lordship  of  Coulby 
.  .  .  defective." — Inquisition  of  Sewers,  1583,  pp.  n,  15. 

(1643.)    "  There  was  a  stone  causey  thorow  a  bog,  where  but  two  horses 
could  march  in  front,  where  the  rebels  had  cast  up  a  ditch  on  each  side 
of  the  causey.'1 — Rushworth,  Hist.  Coll.,  part  iii.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  509. 
"  From   this  place,   sir,  I  further  travell'd 
Upon  a  causey  that  was  gravell'd." 

(1702.)     Burlesque  of  Sir  Roger  Lestmnge's 

s  Trans,  of  Visions  of  Quevedo,  p.  192. 

"  Look,  look,  on  the  causey  yonder, 
Rides  the  Moorish  king  away." 

Rodd,  Spanish  Ballads,  vol.  ii.,  p.  325. 

CAUSEY,  v.— To  pave. 

We  mun  hev'  oor  coort-yard  causied,  it  clicks  up  soa  e'  a  raainy  time 
ther's  noa  gettin'  in  an'  oot. 

"  These  London  kirkyards  are  causeyed  with  through  stanes  panged 
hard  and  fast  together." — Fortunes  of  Nigel,  chap.  iii. 

CAUVE,  v.— (i)  To  calve. 

(2)  To  slip  down  as  earth  does  in  a  cutting  or  in  a  bank 
undermined  by  water. 

'  He  was  sitting  cleaving  stones  when  the  rock  calved  in  upon  him."— 
John  Wesley,  quoted  in  Notes  and  Queries,  iv.  series,  vol.  xii.,  p.  166. 

CAVE  IN,  v.—(i)  To  break  in. 
(2)  To  yield,  to  submit. 

CAVEL. — A  measure  of  land. — See  Stonehouse  Hist.  Isle  of 
Ax  holme,  p.  92. 

CAVING.— See  RAVING. 

CAVING  RAKE.— A  rake  used  for  separating  the  long  bits 
of  straw  from  the  corn  before  it  is  winnowed. — Cf.  Best, 
Rural  Economy  in  Yorks.  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  121. 

.CAVING  RIDDLE. —  A  riddle  used  after  threshing  for 
separating  the  corn  from  the  bits  of  short  straw  which 
have  come  down  the  machine  with  it. 

CAVING  UP. — Sweeping  the  barn  floor  and  throwing  the  corn 
into  a  heap  preparatory  to  u  dressing." 

CAVINGS,  5.  pi. — Bits  of  straw  and  dirt  mixed  with  small 
corn  separated  from  the  good  corn  by  the  threshing 
machine. 

"  The  short  chaffy  substance  thus  separated  is  in  some  districts 
termed  cavings." — R,  W.  Dickson,  Practical  Agriculture,  ed.  1807,  vol.  ii., 
p.  298. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  103 

CAVVASSING  ABOUT.— Wandering  about  ;  said  of  sickly 
people  who  cannot  rest. 

CAW. — Power  of  breathing. 

He  run'd  so  fast  up  th'  hill  he'd  lost  his  caw  afoore  he  got  to  th'  top. 
I'll  mak  thee  caw  for  it,  i.e.,  I  will  knock  the  wind  out  of  you. 

CAWK.— A  blow. 

He  gev  him  a  big  'cawk  o'  th'  side  o'  th'  head  'at  sent  him  awaay 
roarin'  like  a  bull. 

CAWKER. — Anything  very  big,  as  a  blow,  a  lie,  a  turnip. 

Well,  Charlie,  this  is  a  cmvker  an'  noa  mistaake ;  why,  ther'  was  twenty 
foaks  heard  th'  saay  it,  an'  noo  thoo've  th'  faace  to  deny  it. 
Them  sweades  is  cawkers,  thaay're  like  real  picturs. 

CESS. — (i)  An  assessment  ;    a  local  tax. 

Th'  draainige  cess  is  higher  then  iver  t'  year. 

(2)  A  space  of  ground  lying  between  a  drain  or  river  and  the 
foot  of  its  bank. 

"  The  occupiers  of  the  land  adjoining  the  cesses  of  the  Navigation 
.  .  .  are  authorized  to  discharge  all  persons  trespassing  thereon." — 
Ancholme  Navigation  Notice,  October  6,  1874.  H  {-* 

(3)  The  foreshore  of  a  drain  or  river. 

(4)  Fidget,  irritation,  trouble  in  domestic  life. 

CESS,  v. — (i)  To  cast  back  earth. 

Noo  then,  Bob,  get  thy  spaade  an1  help  Abraham  to  cess  that  theare 
muck  back,  we  shall  be  hevin'  e'  th'  drean  else. 

CESS-GETHERER.— One  who  gathers  a  local  tax. 

John  Lockwood,  th'  cess-getkerer's  been  for  th'  coort   o'  sewers  raate. 

CHAAIN.— A  chain. 

CHAAMBER.: — A  chamber;  an  upper  room  in  a  house  or 
outbuilding. 

Well,  you  see  it  wasn't  a  chaamber,  becos  it  was  upo'  th1  grun'  floor, 
bud  him  an'  her  ewst  to  sleap  theare. 

CH  A  AMBER-LEE. — Human  urine.  It  is  frequently  kept  in  a 
vat  for  a  considerable  time  to  be  mixed  with  lime  as  a 
"  dressing "  for  seed  wheat.  It  was  formerly  much  used 
for  washing  clothes  and  also  as  a  "drink"  for  horses  to 
"make  them  look  well  in  their  skins;"  also  for  outward 
application  to  harden  horses'  feet. 

CHAFER. — A  brown-coloured  beetle. 

Chaafers  hes  maade  pretty  wark  wi'  leaves  o'  yon  elmin-treii. 


104  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

CHAFF-CUTTER.— If  a  person  gives  information  with  great 
reserve,  it  is  said  to  be  "  like  choppin'  it  oot  on  him  wi'  a 
chaff '-cutter '." 

CHAFFER,  r.~  (i)  To  haggle  over  a  bargain. 

He  chaffers  as  long  oherbuyin'  hauf  a  scoore  lambs,  as  thoo  wo'd  oher 
five  hunderd  poond  woth  o'  beas. 

(2)  To   interchange   irritating   remarks,    short   of    a    serious 
quarrel. 

He  duzn't  saay  'oht  that's  much  wrong,  bud  he's  alus  cha/erin' at  me. 

CHALK,  v. — To  mark  on  a  board  with  chalk  the  number  of 
pints  of  beer  a  person  is  in  debt  to  a  publican. 

Benny  Maason's  been  to  th'  Gohden  Cup,  an'  hed  two  quarts  o1  aale 
chalk' d  doon  to  you. 

"  Thence  to  Daintree  with  my  jewel, 
Famous  for  a  noble  duel, 
Where  I  drank  and  took  my  common, 
In  a  tap-house  with  my  woman. 
While  I  had  it  there  I  paid  it, 
Till  long  chalking  broke  my  credit." 

Drunken  Barnaby,  Ed.  1805,  p.  6. 

CHALK-SCRAWL.— The  chalk  marks  made  in  the  above  kind 
of  account-keeping. 

CHALLENGE,  v.—(i)  To  claim. 

I  challenge  that  theare  plevv  as  mine,  an'  you'll  get  wrong  if  you  sell 
it,  I  can  tell  ye  that. 

"  Therefor  tille  helle  now  wille  I  go, 
To  chalange  that  is  myne." 

Towneley  Mysteries,  p.  244. 

(2)  To  recognize. 

I  hed  n't  seen  him  for  moore  then  ten  year,  but  I  challenged  him  at 
once. 

CHAMBERED,  adj. — A  house  is  said  to  be  chambered  when  it 
has  a  second  storey. 

"  Within  it  stood  a  great  copper,  just  under  the  thatch,  the  room  not 
being  chambered.'" — Account  hoiv  Mr.  Reading's  House  at  Sandtoft  happened 
to  be  burnt,  1697. 

CHAMP.— Appetite. 

You're  off  your  champ  to-daay.     What's  matter  wi'  ye? 

CHAMP,  v.— To  chew. 

CHANCE. — If  a  mare  has  a  foal  without  its  being  known  that 
she  has  had  intercourse  with  a  stallion,  the  off-spring  is 
commonly  named  Chance. 

CHANCH  (chaanch).— Chance,  risk. 


M.VNLEY    AND    CORR1NGHAM    WORDS.  105 

CHANCH,  v.— To  risk. 

I'll  chanch  it  once  moore,  though  ther's  noa  saayin'  what  maay  happen. 

CHANCH-BAIRN,  CHANGH-BEGOT,  CHANCHLING.— 
A  bastard. 

CHANCH-CUM.— (i)   A  bastard. 

(2)  One  of  the  lower  animals  whose  paternity  is  unknown. 

(3)  Any  object  which  has  been  acquired  by  chance. 

CHANGE. — (i)   To  turn  sour  or  rancid,  to  decompose. 

That  milk's  chaanged ;  fling  it  i'to  th'  swill-tub. 

He  was  a  straange  han'sum  kerpse  an'  did  n't  chaange  a  bit  afoore 
buryin. 

(2)  When  a  child,  usually  good  tempered,  becomes  suddenly 
irritable  without  any  obvious  reason  it  is  common  to  remark 
"  Bless  th'  bairn,  he  must  hev  been  chaanged.'"      Allusion  is 
here  made  to  the  old  superstition  of  changelings. 

(3)  Said   of  fruit   when   it   passes   out  the  green  state  and 
assumes  its  final  colouring. 

Plums,  aw  yis,  you  can  get  'em ;  I  seed  sum  at  New  Holland  an 
thaay  was  beautiful  chaanged. 

CHANNEL. — A  kennel,  an  open  sewer,  a  gutter. 
CHANNEL-BONE.— The  collar  bone. 
CHANNELGE.— To  challenge,  i.e.,  to  recognise. 

CHANNER. — The  suppressed  noise  between  a  bark  and  a 
whine  which  a  dog  makes  when  watching  for  a  rat. 

CHAP. — (i)  A  fellow.  The  servant  chaps  are  a  farmer's 
unmarried  yearly  servants.  When  a  man  takes  a  wife  he 
ceases  to  be  a  chap  even  if  he  continues  to  "  let  his-sen  by 
th'  year." 

(2)  The  acknowledged  lover  of  a  maid-servant. 

Oor  'Liza's  gotten  a  chap  agean. 

(3)  Impertinence. 

Noo  then  noan  o'  thy  chap. 

She  niver  gev  me  naaither  sauce  nor  chap  i'  her  life. 

(4)  The  jaw,  more  particularly  the  jaw  of  a  pig. 

Pigs  chap  and  chap-ham  are  dainties  in  the  farm-house  kitchen. 

CHAP,  v. — To  retort  impertinently  or  angrily. 

He  chapped  agean  when  I  tell'd  him  what  I  thoht  on  him. 


106  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CHAP  A  HALTER  is  to  tie  a  knot  on  the  cord  of  a  halter  so 
as  to  hinder  it  from  twitching. 

CHAPEL  ANNIVERSARY.— A  festival  held  in  commemora- 
tion of  the  opening  of  a  Methodist  chapel,  at  which  time 
children  say  their  "  pieces."  See  PIECE  (2). 

CHAPPY,  <w#.— Impertinent. 

He's  as  chappy  as  Lord  Yarb'r's  nineteen!  staable-boy. 

CHAPTER-FIGURES,  5. //.—The  Roman  numerals;  so  called 
because  they  are  used  for  numbering  the  chapters  in  the 
authorized  version  of  Holy  Scripture. 

CHAR,  CHARE,  v.— To  do  odd  jobs  about  a  house.  The 
word  is  only  used  in  relation  to  women's  work. 

CHAREING  (chair-ing). — Performing  the  work  of  a  charwoman. 
She's  a  loan  woman  an'  gets  her  liviug  by  charein. 

CHARES,  s.  pi.— Odd  jobs  about  a  house. 

We  doan't  keap  noa  sarvant,  bud  I  send  oot  noo  an'  then  for  Sally 
Knox  to  cum  an'  do  bits  o'  chares. 

CHARWOMAN,  CHAREWOMAN.— A  woman  who  assists 
at  odd  times  in  household  work  but  is  not  a  regular  servant. 

CHARK,  v. — To  line  a  well  with  stones  or  bricks. 
Saaint  John  Well  is  all  chark'd  wi'  gravil  stoans. 

CHARRING.— The  lining  of  a  well. 

CHARKING-BRICKS,  s.  //.—Curved  bricks  made  for  lining 
wells. 

CHARM,  v. — To  eat  as  rats  or  mice  do. 

If  you  doan't  get  them  oats  sell'd  th'  mice  '11  charm  'em  all  awaay. 

CHARMINGS,  s.  //.—The  husks  of  corn  or  malt. 

CHASTISE,  v. — To  scold,  to  rebuke,  not  to  beat. 
I  chastised  him  well,  but  I  did'nt  tuch  him. 

CHATS,  v.  sp.  /.—  (i)  Small  or  diseased  potatoes  unfit  for 
market. 

(2)  A  worthless  person.      A   Trent-side  farmer  said   to  the 
author  on  the  eve  of  a  general  election,  "  I   reckon,  Squire, 
we  shan't   hev  noa  voatin'  this  time  i'   this  part,   but  it's 
matterless  one  waay  or  th'  uther,  for  all  th'  markit-stuff  'Jl 
goa  for  Mr.  Winn  an'  Sir  John  ;  ther'll  be  noht  but  th'  chats 
left  for  th'  tuther  chap." 

(3)  Fircones. 

(4)  An  exclamation  used  to  drive  away  cats. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  107 

CHATTER,  v. — To  shatter,  to  scatter,  to  rend  in  pieces. 

He's  taa'en  it  to  school  wi'  him  an'  chattered  th'  best  part  o'  the  leaves 
oot,  said  of  a  Bible. 

When  hoose-thack  gets  to  be  rotten  like  oors  th'  sparras  chatters 
it  aboot  soa  'at  ther's  noa  keapin'  th'  doar-stoan  clean  fer  a  minnit.— 
Sarah  Stocks,  1877. 

CHAUDER. — A  chaldron,  four  quarters  of  grain  ;  one  and 
a-half  tons  of  coal. 

CHAVLE  (chavl),  v.— To  chew  badly. 

That  herse  chavles  queerly  ;  he  wants  his  teath  film'. 

CHAW,  v. — To  chew,  to  masticate. 
CHEAN  (chee-h'n).— A  chain. 

CHEAN-HARROW. — A  harrow  which  has  no  wood  about  it, 
but  is  made  entirely  of  iron  chain-work. 

CHEANY.— China. 

CHEAT.— The  "  elbow  "  at  the  bottom  of  a  bottle,  q.v. 

CHEATERY.— Cheating. 

He  calls  it  business ;  I  call  it  reight  doon  chedtsry. 

CHECH  (i)  A  church.  The  church  regarded  as  a  spiritual 
body. 

(2)  The  church  service. 

We've  check  twice  a  daay  on  Sunda's  an'  once  i'  th'  weak  besides. 
Faather's  fall'd  oot  wi'  th'  parson  consarnin'  oor  pew,  so  we've  check 
at  hoam. 

CHECH-GARTH.— A  church-yard. 

CHECH  -  MAISTER,  CHECH  -  WARNER,  CHECH  - 
WARDNER.— A  churchwarden. 

Bob  went  to  Patrin'tone'  Yerksheeran'thaaymaadehimr/w/j-wafl/sfrT. 
He's  chech-warner  at  Bottesworth  though  he  is  a  Paapist. 

CHECH-WARNER.— A  long  clay  pipe. 

CHECK.— A  crack,  a  flaw. 

That  theare  esh  is  full  o'  checks  ;  it'll  niver  do  to  mak  ferk  shafts  on. 

CHECK,  v. — To  rebuke. 

CHECK-CHECK,  interjec. — Words  used  in  calling  pigs,  as 
"choo-choo"  and  "  huigh-huigh  "  are  in  driving  them 
away. 


108  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CHECKER.— A  small  stone,  a  pebble. 

I  mun  tak  my  boot  off;  I've  gotten  a  checker  in  it. 

CHEEK,  v. — To  accuse. 

I  cheeWd  him  \vi'  it,  an'  he  couldn't  saay  a  wod. 

CHEEK  BY  JOWL.— Side  by  side. 
CHEEP. — The  cry  of  a  young  bird. 

CHEESE. — A  kind  of  cement  was  formerly  made  by  putting 
ale  and  cheese  into  common  mortar.  The  practice  if  now 
obsolete  has  only  become  so  of  late  years. 

"2  quarts  of  ale  &  2  pound  &  a  half  of  cheese"  were  used  for  this 
purpose  in  Louth  Church  in  1714. — Ch.  Ace.,  vol.  iiii.,  p.  887. 

CHEESE-BRIG. — The  frame  which  supports  the  cheese- 
mould  when  the  cheese  is  being  made. 

CHEESE-CAKES,  CHEESES,  s.  //.—The  seeds  of  the 
common  mallow. 

CHEESE-FAT,  CHEESE-VAT.— The  mould  in  which  cheeses 
are  made. 

CHEESE-LOP.— The  dried  stomach  of  a  calf  used  for  curdling 
milk  for  cheese. 

CHEESE-RACK. — A  frame  on  which  cheeses  are  put  to  dry. 
See  CHEESE-CAKES. 

CHELP,  CHELT.— (i)  The  chirp  of  a  young  bird. 

A  chelpin'  chicken's  sewer  to  dee. 
(2)  Saucy  or  impertinent  speech. 

Ho'd  thy  noise,  an'  let's  hev  noan  o'  thy  chelp. 

CHELP,  v. — (i)  To  chirp  as  a  young  bird. 
(2)  To  talk  saucily. 

"  While  she  stands  chelphtg  'bout  the  town." — John  Clare,  Summer 
Evening. 

CHELTERED,  //.—Congealed,  clotted. 

All  his  head  an'  neck  was  cheltered  vvi'  blood. 

CHEN  (chen).— A  churn. 
CHEN,  v. — To  churn. 

CHEN-DASH,  CHURN-WORKS.— The  machinery  in  the 
interior  of  a  churn  by  which  the  cream  is  kept  in  motion. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  109 

CHENEY.— China. 

I  once  boht  sum  cheney  cups  an1  saucers  for  a  penny  a  peace  at  a 
saale  at  Messingham,  an'  ther'  was  a  man  here  fra  Hull  last  weak  'at 
bid  me  ten  shillin'  a  peace  for  'em. 

CHEN-MILK.— Buttermilk. 
CHERRY-HOB.— A  cherry-stone. 
CHESFAT.— A  cheese-fat,  q.v. 
CHESLOP.— Cheese-lop,  q.v. 

CHESS.— A  tier. 

I've  been  tell'd  that  'e  plaaces  wheare  thaay  graw  silk-worms  ;  thaay 
keaps  'em  on  traays,  chess  aboon  chess,  like  cheney  i'  a  cupboard. — 
Bottesford,  July  4,  1875. 

CHEW,  v. — To  ruminate,  to  meditate. 

I've  gin  him  sum'uts  to  chew  as  'all  last  him  all  his  life. 

CHEWSE,  v.— Choose. 

CHICK-CHICK,  interjec.—A  call  for  poultry. 

CHICKEN-CORN. — Inferior  corn  such  as  is  given  to  poultry. 
The  "  tailings  "  or  "  hinderends." 

CHICKEN-RAWED,  adj.— Barley  is  said  to  be  chicken-rawed 
when  it  is  cut  too  soon,  and  the  grains  retain  a  brown  stripe 
upon  them  which  they  lose  if  allowed  to  become  fully  ripe. 

CHICKEN-WEED.— Chick  weed. 
CHIEV  (cheev).— To  achieve. 
CHILDBED.— The  womb. 

CHILDER,  s.  pL — Children.  In  Amcotts  church-yard  there 
is  the  following  inscription  : — 

"  Here  lieth  the  body  of  Jane,  wife  of  Timothy  Belton,  who  departed 
this  life  April  the  24th,  1774,  aged  38  years. 

Then  take  these  tears  mortality's  relief. 
Until  we  share  thy  joys,  forgive  our  grief  ; 
And  let  thy  once-lov'd  friend  inscribe  this  stone 
And  with  thy  childer's  sorrows  mix  his  own." 

CHILDERMAS.— The  feast  of  the  Holy  Innocents. 

CHILL,  v. — To  make  warm;  said  of  water  given  to  horses. 
I  doan't  reckon  to  give  oor  hosses  cchd  waiter  ;  I  alus  chill  it. 

CHIMLEY,  CHIMLA'  (chim-li).— Chimney. 


110  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CHIMLEY-BAWK. — An  iron  bar  fixed  across  the  chimney  on 
which  the  "  reckin-hooks  "  are  hung. 

CHIMLEY-BREAST.— The  front  of  the  chimney  over  the 
fire-place. 

CHIMLEY-CHEEK.— The  side  of  the  chimney-piece. 

CHIMLEY-DOCTOR. — A  person  who  professes  to  cure  smoky 
chimneys. 

A  chimney-doctor  is  mentioned  in  the  Doncaster  corporation  accounts 
of  1772. — Tomlinson's  Doncaster,  p.  337. 

CHIMLEY-MONEY,  CHIMLEY-RENT.— Smoke  and  reek, 
smoke-pennies.  A  payment  which  was  made  in  some 
parishes  to  the  rector  or  vicar,  and  in  others  to  the  Lord  of 
the  Manor,  by  all  persons  who  had  chimnies.  It  is  almost 
obsolete,  but  has  been  paid  to  the  Vicars  of  Kirton-in- 
Lindsey  and  Messingham  within  human  memory,  and  at 
North  Kelsey,  very  recently. 

"I  reckon  nothing  for  my  owne  labour  and  chimney-money,  which  I 
hope  you  will  allow." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1671.  Cf.  North, 
Chron.  of  St.  Martin's,  Leicester.  Notes  and  Queries,  vi.  series,  vol.  iii.,  p.  377. 

CHINCH. — Black,  mingled  with  various  shades  of  brown  or 
other  colours. 

I  shall  buy  her  a  chinch  dress  next  time  I  goa  t'  Ep'uth  ;  Reed  hes  a 
lot  o'  new-fashion'd  peaces  just  cum'd  fra  wheare  thaay  mak'  em. 

CHINCH-CAT. — A  cat  of  mingled  colours,  black  yellow  and 
brown  ;  when  white  is  mingled  with  these  the  cat  is  called 
a  tortoise-shell  cat. 

Mrs.  Ashton  o'  Nothrup  Hall  hed,  when  I  was  a  little  bairn,  the 
prettiest  chinch-cat  I  iver  seed. 

CHIN-COUGH, -Hooping-cough. 

CHIN-UP. — A  game  somewhat  resembling  hockey. 

CHIP,  v. — (i)  To  crack  as  the  hands  and  lips  do  from  cold  ;  or 
as  an  egg  does  when  the  bird  is  about  to  come  forth. 

(2)  To  quarrel. 

Thaay  chipp'd  aboot  th"  election  for  coroner,  an'  hev  n't  spok'  to  one 
anuther  sin. 

CHIRP,  v. — (i)  To  cry  as  a  young  bird.     See  CHEEP. 

(2)  To  argue  saucily  with  a  superior  ;  to  answer  impertinently. 

CHISCAAKE.— Cheesecake. 
CHISSELLS.— The  coarsest  kind  of  flour. 
CHISLOCK.— The  lower  portion  of  the  gullet. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  Ill 

CHIST.— A  chest. 

That   carved   chist  ft'   Bottesford  chech  ewsed  to  be  ohd  William 
Stocks  meiil  ark. 

"  This  is  Esther  Hobson  chist,  1637,"  1S  inscribed  on  a  linen  chest  at 
Bottesford  Manor. 

"  Wan  it  was  gouen,  ne  nicte  men  fmde 
So  mikel  men  micte  him  in  winde, 
Of  his  in  arke,  ne  in  chiste." 

Havelok,  222. 

CHIT,  v. — To  germinate,  said  of  corn  only. 

It's  not  sprooted  to  no  meanin',  but  ther's  here  an'  theare  a  graain 
'at's  chitted  a  bit. 

CHIT.— A  pert  female  child. 

CHITTER. — The  noise  made  by  a  door  or  window  which  does 
not  fit  tightly ;  a  shrill  vibration  or  slight  rattling  sound 
such  as  church  windows  sometimes  make  when  the  organ 
is  played. 

CHITTER,  v.— (i)  To  gabble. 

I  can't  abide  to  go  near  th'  hoose;   she's  alus  a-chittering. 

(2)  To  chatter,  as  the  teeth  do  from  cold  or  weakness. 

(3)  To  chatter  as  birds  do. 

"  No  music's  heard  the  fields  among, 
Save  when  the  hedge-chats  chittering  play." 

John  Clare,  Autumn. 

CHITTERLINGS,  5.  //.—The  small  intestines  of  animals. 
•  Cf.  Snrtees  Soc.,  vol.  ix.,  p.  57. 

CHITTY-FACED.— Baby-faced. 

CHITTY  PRAT.— A  small  breed  of  fowls. 

CHOAK  (choa-h'k). — The  core  of  an  apple  or  an  artichoke. 

CHOAK-BAND.— A  thong  of  leather  by  which  a  bridle  is 
fastened  around  the  jaws  of  a  horse. 

CHOAK-FULL.— Quite  full. 

Th'  ceestren's  chodk-full  o'  watter. 

A  person  is  said  to  be  chodk-full  when  he  cannot  possibly  eat  any 
more. 

"  When  choakful  of  water  and  hung  in  the  air, 
They  are  forced  into  motion." 

B.  D.  Walsh,  Aristophanes,  p.  311. 

CHOAK-ROPE. — A  rope  or  piece  of  cane  used  for  putting 
down  the  throats  of  oxen  when  they  are  choaking. 

CHOCK,  CHOG.— A  small  block  of  wood  or  stone  used  to 
chock  or  scotch  the  wheel  of  a  cart  or  waggon. 


112  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CHOCK,  r. — The  act  of  stopping  a  wheel  by  putting  a  piece  of 
wood  or  stone  before  it. 

CHOLLUS.— (i)  Harsh,  stern. 

(2)  Strong  clay  land  is  described  as  cJiollns. 

That  theare  Wood  Cloas'  is  chollus ;  ten  load  o'  lime  on  a  aacre  wo'd 
reightle  it  finely. 

CHOO-CHOO,  interjec. — A  word  used  in  driving  pigs. 

CHOP,  v.— (i)  To  change. 

He's  alus  choppin'  and  chaangin'  aboot,  can't  be  easy  nowheares. 
Th'  wind's  chopped  roond  to  th'  nor-eiist  ageJin. 

(2)  To  exchange. 

He  chopp'd  his  graay  mare  awaay  at  Scotter  Shaw  for  a  blind  hoss. 

(3)  The  hands  and  face  are  said  to  be  chopped  when  the  skin 
is  cracked  by  cold. 

CHOPPING-BOY.— A  fine  and  healthy  male  child. 

"Chopping  boy.  Quod  dicimus  de  puero  grandiusculo  &  pro  aetate 
robusto." — Skinner,  Etymolog.,  sub.  voc. 

CHOPPY. — Hay,  oats  in  the  straw,  or  clover  cut  in  short 
lengths  for  cattle  food. 

CHOP-STRAW.— A  person  fond  of  arguing. 
CHOW,  v.— To  chew. 

CHOWL-BAND,  JOWL-BAND.— The  strap  of  the  bridle 
which  goes  under  the  jaw. 

CHOWSEL,  v.— To  masticate. 

CHRIS-CROSS. — The  signature  of  a  person  who  cannot  write. 

CHRISTEN,  CHRISTIAN.— (i)  A  human  being  as  dis- 
tinguished from  one  of  the  lower  animals.  Not  a  follower 
of  our  Blessed  Lord  as  distinguished  from  the  adherents  of 
other  faiths. 

"  All  Christians  hes  souls  to  be  saaved,  whether  they  be  white  or 
black,  and  whether  thaay  saay  the'r  prayers  to  God  Almighty  as 
Protestants  do,  or  to  idols,  stoans,  an'  bits  o'  rags  as  Papists,  Heathens, 
and  Mahomet's  men  do."— Missionary  Sermon  by  a  local  preacher,  delivered 
in  Messingham  Wesley  an  Chapel,  circa  1842. 

A  teetotal  advocate  said  to  the  author  about  ten  years  ago,  "Brewtes, 
as  we  call  'em  hes  moore  sense  then  Christ' ans  ;  thaay  won't  so  much  as 
look  at  alcool  if  you  put  it  under  the'r  very  noases." 

"  Lack-a-day,  sir,  it  was  only  the  cat  ;  they  sometimes  sneeze  for  all 
the  world  like  a  Christian."— High  Life  Below  Stairs,  Act  2. 

(2)    Human    ordure,    as    distinguished    from   that   of  other 
animals. 

Thoo  stinks  sorely  ;  thoo  must  ha'  troad  e'  sum  Chrishten. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  113 

CHRISTEN,  v.— To  give  a  nickname. 

His  name  was     ....    but  \ve  christen' d  him  Hell  Fire  Dick  up  o1 
accoont  o'  his  darin'. 

CHRISTMAS. — Evergreens  used  for  Christmas  decorations. 
CHRISTMASING.— Going  begging  at  Christmastide. 

C  HRIST-T1DE.— Christmas  (obsolete). 

"  Gathered  at  Chrtstide,  xiijs.  5d." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1627. 

CHUCK. — A  child's  name  for  a  hen. 

CHUCK,  v.— To  throw. 

He'd  as  well  chuck  his  munny  oot  o'  th'  winda'  as  go  on  drinkin'  e' 
this  how. 

CHUCK-CHUCK,  interjec.—The  call  for  poultry. 

CHUCK-HOLE,  CHUCK-PENNY,  CHUCK-BUTTON.— 
A  game  played  by  boy^s.  A  circle  is  marked  on  the  ground, 
in  the  centre  of  which' is  a  small  hole.  Each  person  in  the 
game  throws  a  coin  or  button  at  this  hole.  He  whose 
missile  hits  the  hole  and  remains  therein  (or  in  case  no  one 
hits  it,  he  who  has  come  the  nearest  thereto)  wins  the  game. 
If  all  the  objects  thrown  roll  outside  the  ring  it  is  a  "  dead 
heat,"  and  each  boy  reclaims  his  penny  or  button. 

CHUCKLE-HEAD.— A  large-headed,  weak-minded  person. 

CHUCK-STONES.— Stones  used  by  children  in  playing  a 
game. 

CHUCK-UP,  f.— (i)   To  break  a  contract. 

He  let  his  sen  at  Ketton  Stattis  for  foherteen  poond  waage,  bud  chuckt 
up  an'  hes  gotten  sixteen  noo. 

If  I  doan't  find  things  reight  when  I  get  theare  I  shall  chuck  up. 

(2)  To  vomit. 
CHUMP,  CHUMP-HEAD.— A  stupid  person. 

CHUNK.— A  lump. 

I  can  do  very  well  wi'  a  bit  o'  baacon  an'  a  chunk  o'  bread. 

"  If  a  man  or  a  woman  dare  to  stand  before  you  blow  them  to  hell 
with  a  chunk  of  cold  lead." — Speech  of  Gen.  Atchison  in  Gladstone's 
Kansas,  1857,  p.  31. 

CHUNTER.— (i)  To  mutter. 
(2)  To  murmur,  to  grumble, 


114  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

CHURCH  (chech).— The  north  side  of. 

"Thaay  bury  them  as  kills  the'r-sens  wi'  hard  wark  o'  th'  no'th  side 
o'  th'  check."  This  saying  has  reference  to  the  superstition  prevalent 
in  many  parishes  against  burial  in  the  north  portion  of  the  church- 
yard.— Cf.  Stockdale,  Annals  of  Cartmel,  p.  109.  Elias  Owen,  Old  Stone 
Crosses  of  the  Vale  of  Cluyd,  pp.  196,  197,  198.  See  CHECH. 

CHURCH  HEADLANDS,  s. //.—There  were  in  the  parish  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  certain  lands  so  called  in  the  open  field, 
the  crop  of  which  was  sold  yearly  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Church. 

"  Churchheadlands,  sold  by  the  consent  of  the  whole  parish  to  George 
Kent,  price  iiijK-"— Ch.  Ace.,  1590. 

CLACK.— Worthless  talk. 

Hohd  yer  clack,  I'm  stalled  o'  hearin'  ye. 

"  Like  Robert  Southey,  King  of  Rhyme  : 
Who  now  gets  yearly  butt  of  sack, 
As  payment  for  what  we  call  clack."- 

A  Nineteenth  Century     .     .     .      History  of    .     .     . 

Abeillard  and  Heloisa,  1819,  p.  33. 
"  Brazen  magpies,  fond  of  clack, 
Full  of  insolence  and  pride, 
Chattering  on  a  donkey's  back, 

Perch'd  and  pull'd  his  shaggy  hide  !  " 

John  Clare,  Recollec.  after  a  Ramble. 

CLACKER.— See  CLAPPER. 

CLAG,  v.— To  muddy. 

Thy  petticoats  is  clagg'd  all  oher,  lass.     Wheare  hes  ta  been  ? 

CLAGS. — (i)  Dirt  sticking  to  anyone  after  walking  in  mud. 
(2)  Dirty  wool  cut  from  sheep. 

CLAG-TAIL. — A  girl  whose  garments  are  clagged  with  mud. 

CLAM.— (i)  Thirsty. 

I  am  clam  ;   I  wish  I  was  'long-side  on  a  beer-barril. 

(2)  Cold,  damp. 

Thoo's  as  clam  as  a  kerpse. 

(3)  Tenacious,  sticky,  adherent. 

Th'  muck's  that  clam  it  wean't  slip  off 'n  th'  sluff  when  ye  dig  it. 

CLAM,  v.— (i)  To  snatch,  hold  of. 

He  clammed  hohd  on  her,  or  she'd  hev  tippled  head  fo'st  i'to  th'  warpin' 
drean. 

(2)  To  stick,  to  adhere,  as  sheets  of  wet  paper  do  to  each 
other. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  11  o 

CLAMMED,  CLEMMED,//.— Parched  with  thirst. 

I'm  fairly  clamm'd  wi'  this  raape  threshin'  ;  do,  Sarah,  pleiise  g'e 
me  a  sup  o'  beer. 

"  Ye'll  be  choak'd  and  clamm'd  to  death." — John  Clare,  Noon. 

CLAMMER,  ».— To  climb. 

Oor  Uriah's  clammered  into  th'  parson's  cherry  tree,  muther,  an'  he  is 
swalla'in'  on  'em  aboon  a  bit.  I  shouldn't  ha'  tell'd  ye  nobbut  he 
weant  chuck  me  ony  doon. 

CLAMMUX.— Clamour. 
CLAMOURSOME.— Clamorous. 

CLAMP. — (i)  A  pile  of  bricks  or  limestone  for  burning. 

(2)  A  pile  of  rubbish  for  burning. 

(3)  A   piece   of   iron    used    to   repair   broken   flagstones   or 
strengthen  buildings. 

CLAMP,  v.— To  tread  heavily. 

CLAMS,  s.  pi. — (i)  The  nippers  that  shoemakers  and  saddlers 
put  between  their  knees. 

(2)  Iron  braces  used  for  binding  together  stone-work. 

CLAN. — A  considerable  number  of  persons  having  a  common 
object,  or  being  bound  together  by  a  common  tie. 

Ep'uth  was  full  to-daay ;  ther'  was  th'  whole  clan  o'  th'  Foresters 
theare. 

CLAP.--(i)  A  blow  with  the  open  hand. 

(2)  Silly  talk. 

Stint  thy  dap,  thoo'd  tire  a  toad  to  dead. 

(3)  At  one  clap,  i.e.,  at  one  time,  all  on  a  sudden,  together. 

Thaay  all  cum'd  at  one  clap. 

CLAP,  v. — (.1)  To  strike  with  the  open  hand. 

"  And  si]>e  clapte  him  on  )>e  crune." — Havelok,  1814. 

(2)  To  put,  to  place,  as  "  clap  the  kettle  on  the  fire." 

(3)  To  slam. 

I  niver  seed  onybody  so  bad  for  clappin'  doors,  as  Ted  is. 

(4)  To  pat. 

You've  troiid  on  Crab,  go  clap  him. 

CLAP-DOOR. — A  fall-door  such  as  is  used  to  gain  access  to  a 
loft  or  cellar.  Not  a  half-door  as  in  Northamptonshire. — 
See  Baker's  Northamp.  Gloss.,  vol.  i.,  p.  121, 


110  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CLAP  EYES  ON,  phr.—To  see. 

The  fo'st  time  I  clapt  eyes  on  her  was  at  No'thrup  Staation,  an'  th'  last 
time  was  at  Retford. 

Eleanor  was  th'  han'sumist  woman  I  iver  clapt  eyes  on  ;  I  dolin't  care 
who  tuther  is. 

CLAP-GATE. — A  gate  set  across  a  foot-path,  which  hits 
against  two  posts.  A  gate  of  this  kind  hinders  cattle  from 
straying,  but  is  easily  opened  by  human  beings.  It  is 
frequently  called  a  "  kissing  gate." 

CLAP  HOHD  ON.— To  seize,  to  snatch. 

Th'  p'liceman  clap't  Jwhd  on  him  just  as  he  was  gettin'  upo'  th'  New 
Holland  boat. 

CLAPPER. — (i)  An  instrument  used  by  boys  to  frighten  birds. 
Two  or  three  thin  pieces  of  board  are  united  loosely  by  a 
strap.  These  are  attached  to  a  handle  ;  when  it  is  shaken  a 
loud  noise  is  made.  A  clapper  of  this  kind  was  used  in 
Catholic  times  to  summon  people  to  church  on  the  last 
three  days  of  Holy  Week,  when  the  church  bells  were 
silent.  Peacock,  Eng.  Ch.  Furniture,  42,  118,  126,  138. 

(2)  The  fan  of  a  winnowing  machine. 
CLAPPER  CLAW,  v.— To  attack  with  the  finger  nails. 

CLAP-POST. — The  post  against  which  a  gate  claps  in  shutting. 
The  opposite  one  is  called  the  "  hing  post,"  q.v. 

CLAP  TO,  v.— To  enter  into,  as  cold  does. 

It  was  that  cohd  as  I  com'  fra'  Brigg  on  Christmas  Eave,  it  clapt  to 
my  very  heart. 

CLART.— (i)  Sticky  dirt. 

(2)  Silly  or  exaggerated  talk. 

(3)  Flattery. 

CLARTING  ABOUT.— Idling  away  time. 

Noo  then,  you  lads,  I'm  not  gooin'  to  hev  you  dartm'  aboot  wi'  that 
prickly-otchen,  when  you  oht  to  be  pullin1  ketlocks. 

CLARTY.— Dirty,  sticky. 

I  doit  n't  beleave  as  ony  plaace  is  soa  clarty  as  Lincoln  laane  is  ;  it's 
muckiest  road  i'  sheere. 

CLASH.— A  quarrel. 
CLASH,  v.— To  quarrel. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  117 

CLAT.— (i)  A  tell  tale. 

(2)  Anything  dirty  or  sticky. 

(3)  Useless  fidget. 

(4)  Spoon-meat. 

(5)  Ridiculous  or  exaggerated  talk. 

(6)  Flattery.     See  CLART. 

CLAT,  v. — (i)  To  work  in  an  aimless  or  fidgetty  way  at  some 
useless  employment. 

(2)  To  bedaub. 

Th1  bairn'll  clat  her-sen  all  ober  wi'  that  treacle. 

CLATTING.— (i)  Tale-bearing. 

(2)  Running  in  and  out  of  doors. 

(3)  Making  litter  or  dirt  in  a  house. 

CLATTY.— Dirty. 

What  art  ta'  cumin'  i'  to  this  clean  kitchen  wi'  them  clatty  boots  on 
for  ?     See  CLARTY. 

CLAUM,  v. — (i)  To  paw  about  with  the  hands. 

Thy  bairns  is  real  fond  o'  'Liza,  thaay're  alust  a-claumin'  aboot  her. 
(2)  To  touch  with  dirty  or  sticky  fingers. 

Nelly's  claiim'd  my  book  all  oher  wi'  her  treackly  han's. 

GLAUMING.— Sticky,  dirty,  said  of  roads. 

I  want  it  to  dry  a  bit  afoore  I  go,  it's  so  damn  in'  under  foot. 

CLAW,  v.— To  scratch. 

Th'  cat's  claw'd  th'  sideo'  my  Sunda'  silk  goon  fra'  top  to  bottom. 

CLAY,  v. — To  put  clay  upon  the  land. 

CLAY-LANE. — An  unstoned  parish  road.  When  a  lane  of 
this  kind  has  grass  on  its  sides  it  is  called  a  green  lane  ; 
when  its  surface  is  strong  clay,  and  there  is  little  or  no  grass 
at  the  sides,  it  is  called  a  clay -lane.  There  are  two  clay-lanes 
in  the  parish  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

CLAYS,  THE.— Strong  clay  land. 

It's  dryish  here,  but  it's  weet  up  o'  th'  claays  yit. 

CLAY-TAIL.— A  dirty  girl,  "  a  draggle-tail."     See  CLAG-TAIL. 

CLEAN,  adj. — (i)  A  woman  after  she  has  been  churched  is 
said  to  be  clean;  before  that  time  it  is  held  among  old- 
fashioned  people,  that  it  is  sinful  for  her  to  go  out  of  doors 
beyond  the  eaves-dropping. 

(2)  Among  Roman  Catholics  a  person  is  said  to  be  clean  who 
has  just  been  to  confession. 

(3)  Land  is  clean  when  there  are  few  weeds  on  it. 

(4)  Grain  is  clean  when  properly  winnowed. 


118  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CLEAN,  v. — To  perform  the  afternoon  toilet. 

Cum,  Mary,  my  lass,  get  thy  sen  clearid,  it's  just  tea-time. 

CLEAN,  adv. — Entirely. 

I've  clean  forgotten  what  thaay  call  him. 

Stop  a  minnit,  I  shall  have  clean  dun  when  I've  sarv'd  th'  pig,  an  then 
I'll  goa  wi'  ye'. 

Them  caakes  is  clean  fit. 

"I  am  clean  forgotten,  as  a  dead  man  out  of  mind." — Psalm  xxxi.,  v. 
14,  Prayer  Book  Version. 

"Wee  must  preserve  mechanicks  now 

To  lectorize  and  pray, 
By  them  the  gospel  is  advanc't 
The  clean  contrary  way." 

Rump  Songs,  part  i.,  p.  151. 

CLEAN  DIRT. — Earth  or  mud,  in  distinction  from  anything 
foul  or  offensive. 

Mother:    "Bless  me!    Why  sitha',  oor  Ned's  all  oher  muck  agean  ; 
this  is  tho'd  time  this  very  daay." 

Grandmother:   "Well,  niver  mind,  Jaane,  it's  nobbut  clean  do't  this 
time." 

CLEANING  UP  TIME.— The  month  before  May-day,  when 
scrubbing,  whitewashing,  and  such-like  work  is  done,  before 
the  old  servants  leave.  In  the  Isle  of  Axholme  where  the 
servants  follow  the  Yorkshire  custom  of  leaving  their  places 
at  Martinmas,  this  work  is  frequently  done  in  the  Autumn, 
and  is  called  "  the  back-end  cleaning-up." 

CLEANSING.— The  placenta  or  after-birth  of  any  of  the 
lower  animals. 

"  The  after-birth  in  the  North  is  termed  the  cleansing." — Treatise  on 
Live  Stock,  1810,  p.  42. 

CLEAR,  adv. — (i)  Entirely,  quite. 
She's  clear,  bonny,  really  she  is. 
It's  clear  unreasonable,  like  axin'  watter  to  run  up-hill. 

(2)  Free  from  blame  or  punishment. 

Thaay'd  hed  him  afoore  th'  magistraates,  but  he  caame  off  clear. 

CLEAR  PROFIT.— Net  profit. 

CLEAS  (cli.h'z),s.^. — The  claws  of  birds  or  animals. 
CLEATS. — Colt's  foot.     Tnssilago  favfava. 
CLEAVERS.— Hairiff,  q.v. 

CLEG.— A  gadfly. 

You  ma'  knaw  it's  Scotter  Shaw-daay  [July  6]  ;  th1  clegs  hes  cum'd. 
Stoned-herse-men  when  thaay  dee  to'n  i'to  clegs. 
"  He  had  a  littill  we  leg, 
And  it  was  cant  as  any  cleg." 

Border  Min.,  vol.  i.,  p  268. 


MAtfLEY    AMD    CORRINGHAM    WORDS*  110 

CLETCH. — A  brood  of  young  birds,  especially  of  the  domes- 
ticated kinds.  Sometimes  used  jestingly  for  a  family  of 
young  children. 

CLEUGH. — (i)  The   outfall  sluice   of  a  river  or  drain  com- 
municating with  a  tidal  river,  and  provided  with  floodgates. 
The  eu  in  this  word  is  sometimes  pronounced  like  the  ew  in  new,  and 
sometimes  nearly  like  the  German  ii.     The  gk  is  very  rarely  gutteral. 

"  They  began  to  work  at  a  place  on  Humber  side  called  Callow 
Clowe."— Rep.  Hist.  MS.  Com.,  vij.  568,  col.  i. 

(2)  A  shuttle  fixed  in  the  gates  or  masonry  of  a  lock  which  is 
capable  of  being  raised  to  admit  or  discharge  water,  so  as 
to  allow  vessels  to  pass.  A  similar  arrangement  by  which 
the  admission  of  water  to  the  wheels  of  watermills  is 
regulated.  Cleughs  of  this  kind  usually  wind  up  by  a  handle 
or  winch. 

CLEUGH-HOALE.— A  deeper  or  wider  part  of  a  drain  just 
above  the  sluice. 

CLEW.— (i)  A  ball  of  worsted,  cotton  or  silk  thread. 
(2)  See  CLEUGH. 

CLEW-LINE.— A  line  attached  to  a  sail. 

CLICK. — (i)  The  ticking  of  a  clock  or  watch. 

(2)  The  noise  a  swing-gate  makes  on  fastening. 

(3)  The  sound  of  the  death-watch. 

(4)  A  snatch. 

We've  hed  a  fox  aboot  th'  decoy,  an'  hev'  hed  five  clicks  at  him,  but 
hev'nt  gotten  him  yit. 

CLICK,  perf.,  CLUCK,  v.— To  snatch. 

Johnny  alus  liked  when  he  cam  hoam  to  hev  hot  caakes  ready  for 
clickin' . 

I  should  hev  hitten  him  if  Tom  hed  n't  cluck  hohd  o'  my  airm. 

We  ewsed  to  hev  straange  clickin1  aboot  for  watter  afoore  you  put  that 
pump  doon." — Yaddlethorpe,  Geo.  Jackson,  June  n,  1881. 

"The  vicar     .     .     . 
Clickt  up  a  rail  that  they  had  broke, 
And  to  close  battel  him  betook." 

Th.  Ward,  England's  Reformation,  1716,  p.  353. 

CLICKS. — Colt's  foot.     Tussilago  farfara,  Winteringham. 

CLICKETY-CLACK. — The  noise  made  by  a  person  walking 
in  pattens. 


120  MANLEV  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CLICK,  HOLD  OF,  v.— To  snatch  hold  of. 

If  I  hedn't  clickd  hohd  o'  th'  herse  head  he  wo'd  ha  run'd  oher  her  as 
sewer  as  could  be. 

CLICK  UP. — Mud  clicks  up  when  it  adheres  in  large  flakes  to 
the  feet. 

CLIFF. — (i)  The  oolite  range  of  hills  which  runs  north  and 
south  from  the  Humber  to  Grantham. 

"The  cliffs  lie  fallow  every  other  year." — Survey  of  the  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  1787. 

(2)  Stone,  commonly  chalk,  put  to  hinder  certain  portions  of 
the  Trent  banks  from  being  washed  away  by  the  tide. 

CLINCH,*;.— (i)  To  clench. 

You  mun  drive  that  spike  thrif,  an'  clinch  it  o'  tuther  side. 
(2)  To  grasp. 

I  clinch' d  him  fast  by  th'  scuff  o'  th'  neck,  or  he'd  hev  bitten  me. 

CLINCHER. — An  unanswerable  argument. 

Ther'  was  a  man  doon  fra  Lunnon  lectur'in,  an'  he  says,  "  You  maay 
depend  upon  it,  my  friends,  ther'  niver  was  noa  Noah's  flud."  So,  says  I, 
"  You  talk  like  a  fool,  you  do  ;  why,  how  did  them  cockles  an'  oysters 
get  i'to  th'  stoans  if  it  hedn't  been  as  th'  Scriptur'  says?  So  noo  then, 
Maister  Lunnoner,  that's  a  clincher  for  the,"  says  I. 

CLINK.— A  sharp  blow. 

CLINKER. — Something  very  good,  large,  or  fine. 

Well,  that  is  a  clinker ;  I'm  blessed  if  I  iver  seed  sich  an  a  bull  e'  all 
my  life. 

CLINKERS. — (i)  Small  hard  bricks  used  for  paving  stables. 

(2)  Bricks  that  have  been  burnt  in  too  hot  a  fire,  so  that  parts 
of  them  have  become  fused. 

(3)  Iron  slag  used  for  mending  highways. 

CLINKING,^'.— Good;  excellent. 

A  clink  in'  good  un'  for  th'  wark  I  want  her  for,  but  a  reg'lar  slug  up 
o'  th'  road. 

"  The  driver  no  doubt  praised  it  highly,  when  he  declared  that  it  was 
a  clinkin*  good  one." — L.  J.  Jennings,  Rambles  Ainyny  the  Hills,  p.  95. 

CLINK  OFF,  v.— To  run  away. 

When  he  begun  t'  talk  aboot  lumberin',  I  thoht  it  was  best  to  clink  off . 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  121 

CLIP. — (i)  Speed,  rapid  motion. 

Them  traains  goas  wi'  a  clip,  duzn't  thaay  ? 

(2)  "A  clip  of  wool  "  is  the  quantity  shorn  by  one  farmer  in  a 
single  season. 

He'd  a  good  clip  this  year  ;  all  his  hogs  will  tod  threes. 

When  S.     ...     T.     ...  deed, he'd  eleven  years  clip  by  him. 

(3)  A  small  internal  projection  in  a  horse's  shoe,  formed  to 
hinder  it  from  slipping. 

(4)  A  blow,  commonly  a  slight  one. 

Justice  :  Did  he  assault  the  boy  ? 

Witness  :  Well,  noa,  yer  warship,  I  can't  saay  as  he  did,  he  nobbut 
fetch'd  him  a  clip  as  he  was  ruunin'  awaay  like. 

CLIP,  r. — (i)  To  cut  with  scissors. 

My  gran'muther  hed  sum  ohd  tap'stry  bed-hingin's,  wi'  dogs  an'  men 
on  herseback  work'd  e'  silk  on  'em,  but  we  clipp'd  'em  up  for  doll-cloas 
when  we  was  bairns. 

(2)  To  shear  sheep. 

We  clip  to-morrow  ;  can  you  lend  us  George  Todd  to  wind  wool  ? 
"  For  xxj  clippers  for  clippynge  of  my  ms.  shepe  ixs.  iiijd. " — Household 
Ace.  of  Le  strange' s,  1520,  mArchaologica,  vol.  xxtv.,  p.  438. 

(3)  To  cut  the  hair. 

We  mun  hev  oor  Bill's  hair  dipt. 

(4)  To  embrace. 

I  seed  'em  clippin'  an'  cuddlin'  one  anuther  agean  th'  pin-fohd. 
"Qua]>  blauncheflur  ich  com  anon, 
Ac  floris  deppen  here  bigon." 

Floris  and  Blanch/,  p.  67,  line  594 . 
"  She  clypped  and  kyssed  Governar, 
Oftentymes  with  good  herte  " 

Arthur  of  Little  Britain,  Ed.  1814,  p.  35. 

(5)  To  shorten  ;  said  of  the  daylight. 

The  daays  clip  off  sorely ;  we  shall  hev  winter  here  agean  afoore  we 
knaw  wheare  we  are. 

CLIPPER.— (i)  One  who  shears  sheep. 

"  I  mun  goa  to  As'by  to  neet  to  see  efter  sum  clippers" — June  4th,  1886. 
(2)  Something  very  excellent. 

He  says  she  trots  twelve  mile  an  hooer  reg'lar  ;  she  m  un  be  a  clipper. 

CLIPPERS.— Shears. 
CLIPPING.— Sheep-shearing. 

CLIPPING-BOARD.— The  board  on  which  a  sheep  is  held 
while  it  is  being  shorn. 

CLIPPINGS.— Bits  of  cloth,  silk  and  the  like,  cut  off  by  tailors 
and  dress-makers  in  cutting  out  clothes. 


122  MANLEY   AND    COltRINGHAM    WORDS. 

CLIPPING-TIME.— The  time  of  sheep-shearing. 

I  remember  her  straange  an'  well  ;  th'  last  time  I  seed  her  was  in 
clipping-time,  an'  she  cum'd  to  us  e'  th'  laathe  an'  broht  us  sum  aale. 

CLIPS.— An  eclipse. 

"And  }?at  is  cause  of  Jns  clips  that  closeth  now  \>e  sonne." — Piers,  the 
Plowman,  B.  text,  pass,  xviij.,  1.  135. 

GLITTER-CLATTER.— (i)  A  rattling  noise. 
(2)  Idle,  noisy  talk. 

CLOAS  (kloa-h'z). — (i)  An  enclosure.     See  CLOSE. 
(2)  Clothes. 

CLOAS,  adj. — Close,  silent,  reserved,  secret,  miserly. 

He's  a  real  clods  man,  an'  knaws  waay  to  hohd  his  tung  ahind  his 
teath. 

CLOAS-BED. — A  close-bed  ;  i.e.,   a  bed  which,   when  not  in 
use,  shuts  up  and  looks  like  a  chest  of  drawers. 

CLOAS  FISTED,  adj.— Penurious,  stingy. 

CLOAS-HERSE,  CLOAS-HOSS.— A  frame  on  which  clothes 
are  hung  to  dry. 

CLOASIN. — An  enclosure. 

She's  goiin  to  pick  wicks  e'  th'  cloasins. 

"  A  tied  my  herse  t'  the  steel,  an'  ran  hoam  thruff  theclosins  agean." — 
Samuel  Wills,  The  Lincolnshire  Labourer.  See  CLOSE. 

CLOCK. — (i)  Any  of  the  larger  kinds  of  beetle. 

"  Flies,  grasshoppers,  hornets,  clegs  and  clocks.1' — Sylvester,  Dn. 
Bartas'  Ed.,  1633,  p.  361. 

(2)  The  seed  of  the  dandelion.    Children  have  a  notion  that 
the  hour  of  the  day,  or  the  number  of  years  we  have  to  live, 
may  be  told  by  the  number  of  puffs  it  takes  to  blow  all  the 
seeds  from  a  dandelion-head. 

(3)  The  ornamental  part  of  a  stocking  which  runs   up  the 
sides. 

CLOCKSMITH.— A  clockmaker  (obsolete). 

"  The  clocksmyth ,  for  a  gods  pene  ijs.  " — Kirton-on-Linclsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1573. 

CLOCK-WORK. — Any  person  or  thing  which  does  its  work 
thoroughly  well,  without  bustle  and  without  delay  is  said 
to  go  like  clock-work. 
Ohne  Hast,  ohne  Rast. 

CLOD,  #.— To  throw  violently,  generally  used  with  regard  to 
some  heavy  body. 

"  He's  bundled  them  two  chaps  as  came  wi'you  out  o'  th'  house  .  .  . 
clodded  'em  into  th'  carriage,  an'  teld  Reuben  th'  coachman  to  drive  w  i' 
'em  to  Hell." — Ralf  Skerlaugh,  vol.  i.,  p.  187. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  123 

CLODDY. — An  awkward,  ill-dressed  man. 

What  a  cloddy  he  is  !  he  looks  as  thof  he'd  goan  to  Gresham  shop  an' 
putten  his  sen  into  th'  fost  suit  o'  cloas  thaay  shaw'd  him. 

CLOG.— (i)  A  log  of  wood. 

(2)  A  log  of  wood  furnished  with  a  chain,  by   which  it   is 
attached  to  one  of  the  legs  of  a  horse  or  cow  that  will  not 
come  from  the  pasture  when  called. 

(3)  A  wooden-soled  boot. 

(4)  A  wooden-soled  over-shoe  worn  by  women. 

CLOGGED-UP,  //.—Stopped  up. 

That  suffs  fairly  clogged-up  wi'  esh  tree  fangs. 

His  lungs  is  that  clogged-up  wi'  asthmy,  he  can't  blaw. 

CLOOF.— The  hoof  of  an  animal. 

CLOOT.— (i)  A  blow. 

He  fetched  him  a  cloot  o'  th'  side  o"  his  head  that  maade  all  his  teath 
chitter. 

(2)  A  cloth,  a  clout,  a  rag. 

"  Put  now  these  old   cast  cloots  and  rotten  rags  under  thine  arm- 
holes." — Jeremiah,  ch.  xxxviii.,  v.  12.       , 

While  May  is  oot, 
Cast  not  a  cloot. 

"There's  moore  cloot  then  pudding."  The  allusion  is  to  the  cloth  in 
which  a  pudding  is  boiled,  the  meaning  being  that  there  is  more  outside 
show  than  worth  or  wealth  in  the  person  to  whom  it  is  applied. 

(3)  A  patch,  especially  a  patch  on  a  shoe,  or  a  piece  of  board 
nailed  on  a  door  or  a  wall  to  block  a  hole. 

(4)  A  plate  of  iron  nailed  on  an  axle-tree  to  hinder  its  being 
worn   away    by    friction    against  the  bush  of  the   wheel. 
Among  the  expenses  incurred  by  Simon  de  Eya,  Abbot  of 
Ramsey,  on  his  journey  to  London,  Circa,  1338,  was  ij1?-  for 
ij.  caitecloutes. — Mon.  Ang.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  584.     In  The  Apparel 
of  the  Field  of  Henry,  Earl  of  Northumberland,  in  1513,  mention 
is  made   of  cloutes,  clout  nailles,  wheles  [and]  axilltrees. — 
Arcktologia,  vol.  xxvi.,  p.  405.     Robert  Abraham,  a  shop- 
keeper at  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  had  at  the  time  of  his  death  in 
1519,  iii  dosan  wayncloutes. — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Court  Roll. 

(5)  A  mean,  base  or  ignorant  person.     The  Isle  of  Axholme 
men  who  resisted  the  drainage  works,  undertaken  by  Sir 
Cornelius  Vermuyden,  declared  in  1650,  that  they  would 
give  no  obedience  to  the  Parliament,  that  "they  could  make 
as  good  a  parliament  themselves ;  some  said  it  is  a  parlia- 
ment of  clouts." — John  Lilbnrny  Tried  and  Cast,  1653,  P«  86. 


124  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CLOOT,  v.—(i)  To  strike. 

If  ta  duz  n't  slot  off,  I'll  cloot  the. 

(2)  To  patch. 

"  Old  shoes  and  clouted." — Joshua,  ch.  ix.,  v.  5. 

CLOOT-NAAIL. — A  nail  used  for  attaching  clouts  to  axletrees, 
and  otherwise  for  nailing  iron  to  wood. 

CLOP,  v. — To  attach  an  additional  sole  to  a  boot  by  wooden 
pegs. 

CLOSE,  CLOAS,  CLOASIN'.— The  plural  sometimes,  though 
rarely  closen.  An  enclosure,  whether  grass  or  under  plough, 
as  distinguished  from  afield,  q.v.,  which  is  unenclosed  land 
under  plough.  In  recent  days,  this  distinction  has  in  a  great 
measure  fallen  into  disuse,  and  we  constantly  hear  persons 
speaking  of  a  field,  when  they  mean  a  close. 

"  No  man  having  any  closes  in  Thonock  or  Sumerby,  or  in  the  Parke 
shall  make  chase  of  horses  through  thecorne  fields." — Gainsburgh  Manor 
Records  in  Starh's  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  91. 

"  A  closse  called  Spencer  Close." — Plumpton  Corresp.,  16. 
"  Drew  to  the  bottom  of  a  great  close,  or  pasture,  ordering  themselves 
there  among  the  trees  beyond  a  great  hedge,  which  parted  that  close 
from  our  field." — Prince  Rupert's  beating  up  the  Rebel's  Quarters,  at  Post- 
comb  and  Chinner." — 1643,  p.  5. 

"  The  king  approached  near  us  .  .  .  and  his  army  lay  in  closes 
hard  besides  him." — Letter  of  Earl  of  Essex,  Sept.  3,  1644,  in  Rushworth, 
Hist.  Col.,  part  iii.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  701. 

"  Through  grassy  close  or  grounds  of  blossom'd  bean." — John  Clare, 
Sunday  Walks. 

CLOSING. — An  enclosure.     See  CLOSE. 

CLOT.— A  clod. 

Theare's  noht  iver  cum'd  up  fer  clots  like  a  Caambridge  roll. 

CLOT-HEAD.— A  stupid  person. 

For  shaame  on  thee  sen,  thoo  great  clot-head. 

CLOT-MELL.— A  mallet  for  breaking  clods. 

CLOTTED,  CLOTTERED,//.— Entangled,  coagulated. 
All  its  mane  was  clotted  togither. 
Ther'  was  a  deal  o'  clattered  blud  on  his  cloas. 

CLOTTING.— Breaking  clods  with  a  wooden  mallet. 

CLOUD. — A  large  number  or  quantity  of  anything. 

Ther's  cloods  o'  sparra's  e'  th'  ivin  upo'  th'  no'th  side  th'  hoose. 
Hester's  spilt  cloods  o'  ink  upo1  th1  lib'ry  floor. 
We've  hed  cloods  o'  bread  fra  As 'by. 

"  Sparrows  are  to  be  found  in  clouds  along  the  hedgerows  of  our  corn- 
fields at  the  present  time." — The  Scotsman,  August  28,  1886. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  125 

CLOW.— See  CLEUGH. 

CLUB,  r. — Turnips  are  said  to  club  when  they  go  to  "  fingers 
and  toes,"  q.v. 

CLUB-TAIL. — The  stoat,  mustela  erminea. 

CLUCK. — (i)    The   noise  made  by   a   hen   when   calling   her 
chickens  or  when  desiring  to  sit. 

(2)  A  similar  noise  made  by  children  when  going  to  sleep. 
CLUCK,  pt.  t.  of  CLICK,  q.v. 

CLUMP,  v.— To  tread  heavily. 

CLUMPST.— (i)  Clumsy. 

(2)  Benumbed  by  cold. 

(3)  Stolid,  surly,  uncouth,  morose,  taciturn. 

Clumps,  ignavus,  ineptus  .  .  .  vox  agro  Line,  usitatissima. — 
Skinner,  Etymologicon. 

I  couldn't  mak  onything  on  him.  He  was  that  clumpst  he  wo'dn't 
speak. 

CLUNCH.— (i)  Close,  hot,  cloudy. 
(2)  Sullen,  morose. 

CLUNCH-CLAY.— Stiff,  hard  clay. 

CLUNG,  adj.-(i)   Stiff,  tenacious,  sticky. 

Ther's  a  deal  o'  clung  land  mud  be  meller'd  wi'  suffin'  an'  dreanin'. 

(2)  Stern,  sour-tempered. 

"There's  no  rulin'  childer  unless  you're  clung  wi'  'em." — John 
Markenfield,  iij.,  115. 

CLUTCH.— A  handful. 

A  clutch  o'  bread  an'  a  bite  o'  chease  is  all  I  want. 

CLUTHER,  v.— To  cluster, 

Th'  bo'ds  was  all  cluther'd  together  like  a  swarm  o'  beas. 

CLUTTER. — Loud,  meaningless  noise,  senseless  babble. 
What  a  clutter  she  mak's  all  aboot  noht. — July  5,  1886. 
"  Our  chaplains  quite  grumble,  nay  openly  mutter 
That  for  mere  religion  there  should  be  such  a  clutter." 

The  Camp  Guide,  1778,  p.  14. 

CLUZZEN,  t-.— To  clutch. 

Th'  dogs  hed  cluzzen'd  hohd  o'  one  anuther  afoore  I  seed  "em. 


120  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

COACH  AND  SIX. — If  a  person  wishes  to  describe  any  small 
thing  as  very  large,  it  is  common  to  say  that  it  is  big  enough 
to  turn  a  coach  and  six  in. 

I  tell'd  her  to  mind  what  she  wasa-dooin'  on,  an'  I  hed  n't  gotten  th' 
wo'ds  well  oot  o'  my  mooth,  when  she  tour  a  hoale  i'  her  frock  big  enif 
to  to'n  dicodch-an'-six  in. 

»     "Is  there  not  a  hole  in  my  belly  that  you  may  turn  a  coach-and-six  in  ?" 

Th.  Otway,  The  Atheist,  Act  v.,  Sc.  i. 

COACH-HORSE.— A  dragon  fly. 
COAL-BINK.— A  wooden  hutch  for  coals. 

COARSE.— The  opposite  of  fine. 

It'  a  coarse  mornin'  this  here. — Sir.  Bottesford,  Dec.  13,  1887. 
For  a  man  to  leather  his  sarvant  gell  e'  that  how's  a  coarse  waay  o' 
gooin'  on,  I  reckon. 

COARSE  TIME.— One  who  has  been  very  ill,  or  who  has 
endured  much  trouble  is  said  to  have  "had  a  coarse  time 
on  it." 

COARSE  WEATHER.— Bad,  rough,  unpleasant  weather. 
COAT  (koa-h't). — As  in  pigeon-cote,  dove-cote. 

COAT. — (i)  To  have  "  a  good  coat  on,"  signifies  to  be  in  good 
condition  ;  said  of  horses  and  oxen. 

(2)  To  "  cast  the  coat"  is  to  change  the  hair. 

COAT-FEATHERS.— The  feathers  on  the  body  of  a  bird,  as 
distinguished  from  the  pen-feathers,  or  quills  of  the  wings. 

COB. — (i)  The  stone  of  fruit. 

(2)  The  pips  of  apples,  oranges,  &c. 

COBBLE. — (i)  A  round  pebble  large  enough  for  paving. 
Brigg  markit  plaace  ewsed  to  be  paaved  wi'  cobbles. 

(2)  Pavement  made  with  cobbles. 

His  herse  legs  flew  up  i1  th'  chech  laane  on  th1  cobbles,  an'  brok'  boath 
th'  gig  shavs. 

(3)  A  large  boulder. 

Ther'  was  a  cobble  fun  when  thaay  was  makkin1  a  undergrund  passige 
at  Blybur.  It  was  that  big  thaay  hed  to  tunnil  roond  him. 

COBBLE,  v.— To  pelt,  to  throw  stones. 

Sum  lads  lies  been  cobblin'  th'  chech  winda's. 

"  Them  carrots  is  that  bad,  I  wodn't  ewse  em  to  cobble  a  dog  wi'." — 
Ashby,  March  25th,  1883 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  127 

COBBLE-STICK. — The  set-stick  or  piece  of  wood  used  to 
keep  a  horse's  traces  the  proper  distance  apart. 

COB-HALL. — A  small  house  in  the  south-west  corner  of  the 
market-place  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey.  There  is  some  reason 
for  believing  that  it  stands  on  the  site  of  the  prison  of  the 
lord  of  the  manor,  the  late  Mr.  VV.  E.  Howlett,  told  me  that 
this  building  occupies  the  place  of  the  weigh-house  of  the 
market,  and  that  the  word  cob  is  akin  to  the  A.  S.  Ceap. — 
Cob  Castle  a  prison  .  .  .  North,  Wright,  Gloss,  sub  voc. 
The  north-east  tower  of  Lincoln  Castle  is  called  Cob  Hall, 
perhaps  from  the  practice  of  beating  delinquents  there  with 
a  leathern  belt  called  cobbing. — Sir  C.  H.  J.  Anderson's 
Lincoln  Guide,  p.  152.  This  place  is  mentioned  by  Henry 
Norris  in  1781,  and  is  called  Cobs  Hall.  He  thought  it  was 
a  chapel. — Archceologia,  vol.  vi.,  p.  265. 

"  These  two  dayes  they  played  their  ordnance  very  thick  upon  the 
cobb." — Rushworth  Hist,  Coll.,  vol.  iii.,  part  ii.,  p.  679. 

The  ordnance  map  shews  a  place  called  Cobbe  Hall,  near  Snettisham, 
in  Norfolk. 

COB-IRONS.— (i)  The  dogs  of  a  fire-place. 
(2)   The  irons  by  which  a  spit  is  supported. 

COB-NUT.— A  large  filbert. 

COCK. — "  He's  heard  the  ohd  cock  craw,"  said  of  children  who 
repeat  sentences  or  opinions  which  they  have  picked  up  from 
their  fathers. 

COCK- A-DOODLE-DO.— The  crowing  of  a  cock. 

Cock-a  -doodle-do, 
My  daame  hes  lost  her  shoe, 
My  mester's  lost  his  fiddlestick 
And  duz  n't  knaw  what  to  do. 

COCK-BRAINED,  adj.— Weak,  silly,  flighty. 

"  Dost  thou  aske,  cockbrained  foole." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  162. 

COCKELTY,  COCKLING,  ^/.—Rickety,  standing  unsafely. 

This  boat's  raather  cockelty  ;  I  should'nt  like  for  us  to  be  e'  th'  waiter. 
That  chair  is  n't  fit  to  sit  in,  it's  oher  cocklin' ;  it's  gotten  three  long 
legs  an'  a  sho't  un. 

Braade  o'  me  things  is  cockelty  e'  that  quarter.       He'll  be  hevin'  a 
man  wi'  a  red  collar  (a  bailiff)  cum  sum  neet  to  drink  tea  wi'  him. 
"  And  on  the  cockling  dirty  stones 
Drop'd  down  upon  his  marrow-bones." 

Edward  Ward,  Don  Quixote,  1711,  p.  105. 


128  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

COCKELTY-BREAD.— A  game  played  by  children. 

This  is  the  waay  you  maake  cockelty -bread ; 
This  is  the  waay  you  maake  cockelty-bread  ; 
Up  with  yer  heals  an'  doon  wi'  yer  head, 
This  is  the  waay  you  maake  cockelty-bread. 

The  children  turn  head-over-heels  after  repeating  the  third  line. 

COCKER. — A  person  who  keeps  cocks  for  the  sport  of  cock- 
fighting  ;    one  who  fights  cocks. 

William  M.     .     .     .  was  a  great  cocker,  but  he  hed  to  do  it  on  th'  sly 
of  laate  ;  ther's  a  law  cum'd  up  agean  sich  like  things. 
"  Thise  dysars  and  thise  hullars, 
Thise  cokkers  and  thise  hollars, 
And  alle  purs  cuttars, 
Bese  welle  war  of  thise  men." 

Processus  Tallentorum,  Toii'nsley  Mysteries 
(Surtees  Soc.),  p.  242. 

COCKER,  i'.— To  indulge. 

He's  cocker'd  his  wife  up  so,  that  noo  she  can't  walk  roond  th'  gardin 
wi'  oot  takkin'  cohd. 

COCKEREL. — A  young  cock. 

Ant. :  Which,  of  he  or  Adrian,  for  a  good  wager,  first  begins  to  crow  ? 

Seb.  :  The  old  cock. 

Ant. :  The  cockerel. — The  Tempest,  Act  ii.,  sc.  i.,  1.  31. 

COCK-EYE.— A  squint. 

She's  a  real  cock-eye ;  one  eye  oot  o'  th'  winda',  an'  tuther  watchin1 
th'  kettle  boil. 

COCKING.— Cock-fighting. 

COCKLE  UP,  v. — To  blister,  to  expand  irregularly,  to  curl  up 
as  paper  does  when  wetted. 

The  blight's  cockled  up  all  th'  cherry  tree  leaves. 

He  niver  can  paaper  ony thing  wi  oot  its  cocklin'  not  fit  to  be  scan. 

COCKLING.— See  COCKELTY. 
COCKLOFT.— A  small  upper  chamber. 

COCK-MA-DO.— A  fussy  young  fellow. 

That  theare  cock-ma-do  weant  craw  so  lood  when  he's  as  ohd  as  you 
an'  me. 

COCK  O'  TH'  MIDDEN,  COCK  O'  TH'  WALK.— The  most 
important  person  in  a  household,  parish,  or  district. 

COCK- PIT.— A  kind  of  apple. 

COCK-ROSE.— The  gall  on  the   rose,  Isle  of  Axholme.      See 
CANKER  and  GIPSY  ROSE. 


MANLEY  AN&  CORRIKGHAM  WORDS. 

COCK- WEB.— A  cob-web. 

"  Ther's  a  vast  mess  o'  cockwebs  all  oher  th'  barn."- — Gvayingham,  1878. 

COCK'S  EGG. — A  small  yokeless  hen's  egg  which  ignorant 
people  think  is  laid  by  the  cock. 

COCK-STRIDE.— A  small  distance. 

He  might  ha'  taaren  it  for  the  ;  its  nobbut  a  cock-stride  fra  his  hoose 
to  the  carrier's. 

"  Days  lengthen  on  their  visits  a  cock's-stride." — John  Clare,  Shepherd's 
Calendar,  p.  32. 

COCK-TREDDLE.— The  embryo  in  an  egg. 

COD. — (i)  The  pod  of  beans  and  peas. 

(2)  A  pillow  ;  perhaps  obsolete. 

"  iij.  coodes,  one  payre  of  fembyll  sheyttes,  one  lynnyn  sheytt  and  a 
halfe,  iiijs.i" — Inventory  of  Tho.  Robynson,  of  Appleby,  1542. 

CODDER.— A  saddler. 

CODDLE,  r. — To  pet,  to  nurse,  to  be  over  careful  of. 

CODGEL.— A  stupid  man. 

CODGER. — A  dirty,  mean  old  man. 

CODLIN.— An  early  kind  of  apple. 

COFFIN. — (i)  A  small  oblong  cinder  which  flies  out  of  the  fire 
accompanied  by  a  report.  The  appearance  of  such  a  thing 
presages  death.  When  the  cinder  is  round  it  is  called  a 
purse  (q.v.),  and, presages  good-luck. 

(2)  A  pork-pie  mould. 

(3)  The  hoof  of  a  horse,  that  is  "all  the  horn  that  appears 
when  he   has   his   foot   set   on   the   ground." — Sportsman's 
Diet.,  1785,  sub.  voc. 

COFFIN  BONE.— The  large  bone  of  a  horse's  foot. 

COG. — A  kind  of  boat  or  ship  formerly  used  on  the  Humber. — 
Cf.  Statute  23,  Henry  VIII.,  chap,  xviii. — Blount,  Law 

Dictionary. 

COG,  v. — To  recover  from  sickness. 

He's  been  very  bad,  but  he'll  cog  agean  sewer  enif. 

COGGLE. — A  large  gravel  stone,  a  cobble,  q.v. 

COHD,  adj.— Cold. 

Its  cohd  eniff  to  skin  a  toad. 

COHD  AIR  OFF.— To  "tak  th'  cohdairof"  is  to  warm  slightly. 

Set  his  beer  up  o'  th1  hud-end  for  a  minnit  to  tak  th'  cohd  air  off. 
K 


180  MANLEY    AND    CORR1NGHAM    WORDS. 

COHD  CAKE,  lit. — Cold  cake  ;  something  very  painful  or  hard 
to  bear. 

It's  straange  cohd  caake  for  that  poor  lass,  at  Spaldin',  to  be  sent  to 
prison  just  for  pullin'  a  flooer. — July  24,  1875. 

COHD  CHILL.— A  shivering  fit,  a  bad  cold. 

COHD  CHISEL. — A  strong  steel  chisel  used  for  cutting  iron. 

COHD  COMFORT.— Unwelcome  news. 

COHD  FIRE.— The  materials  for  a  fire  laid,  but  not  lighted. 

COHLCH,  v. — To  trim  and  cleanse  the  slopes  or  batters  of  a 
ditch  or  drain. 

COHTER-HOALE. — The  hole  in  the  beam  of  a  plough  into 
which  the  coulter  is  fitted. 

COIL.— Fuss,  bustle. 

You  mak  as  big  a  coil  aboot  th'  ratcatcher  bein'  here,  as  thof  th' 
Queen  was  cumin'  to  bra'fast. 

COLD.— See  COHD. 

To  take  one  cold  on  the  top  of  another,  means  taking  a  new  cold  ere 
you  are  rid  of  the  old  one. 

COLLAR,  COLLAR-HOHD-ON,  v.— (i)  To  seize,  to  snatch. 
I  doan't  think  ony  body  .could  be  a  better  hand  at  collarin1  brass  then 
John  Little  was. 

(2)  A  cooking  term,  a  method  of  pickling  eels  and  pork. 

COLLOGUE,  v.—  To  colleague,  to  plot. 

Thaay're  colloguin  together  to  pull  Charlie  thrif,  but  it's  to  noa  ewse.  . 

"  Why,  look  ye,  we  must  collogue  sometimes,  forswear  sometimes."— 
Webster,  The  Malcontent,  Act.  v.,  sc.  ii. 

"As  parasites  to  flatter  and  collogue." — Rob.  Burton,  Anatomy  of 
Melancholy,  1652,  p.  7. 

COLLOP. — (i)  A  thick  slice;  commonly  of  bacon.  It  was,  and 
perhaps  is,  the  practise  in  serious  families  for  the  younger 
members  of  a  household  and  the  guests  each  to  repeat  a 
text  of  Holy  Scripture  in  the  morning  at  breakfast.  In  or 
about  the  year  1847,  a  boy  who  had  not  been  accustomed  to 
this  form  of  devotion,  went  to  visit  a  family  where 
it  was  practised.  The  head  of  the  household  was  a 
remarkably  fat  man.  From  deficiency  of  memory  or  some 
other  equally  potent  cause,  the  lad  never  had  his  text  ready 
and  daily  received  rebuke  for  his  inattention.  On  the  last 
morning  of  his  stay,  on  being  asked  for  his  portion  of 
Scripture,  he  repeated  without  a  moment's  hesitation, 
"  He  covereth  his  face  with  his  fatness,  and  maketh  collops 
of  fat  on  his  flanks." — yob,  ch.  xv.,  v.  27. 
(2)  An  unfortunate  circumstance,  a  mess. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  ]81 

COLLOPS   AND  EGGS.— Fried  bacon  and  eggs. 
COLLOP  MONDAY.— The  day  before  Shrove  Tuesday. 
COLLYFOGLE.— Connyfoble,  q.v. 

COLOURBINE,   COLUMBINE.— Aquilegia  vulgaris,  used  in 
making  stuffed  chine,  q.v. 

COLT. — A   new   hand   at  any  work,  before  he  has   paid  his 
footing  or  admission  money. 

COLT-EVIL. — A  disease  to  which  male  horses  are  subject. 

COLTING.— A  beating. 

COM.— See  CUM. 

COMASSING. — Begging  at  fair  times. — Scotter. 

COME  AGAIN,  v. — To  appear  after  death  as  spirits  are  reported 
to  do. 

Thaay  do  saay  he  ewsed  to  cum  agean.  I  doan't  knaw  how  it  ma'  be, 
but  I've  slep'  for  three  weaks  together  e'  very  room  wheare  he  was 
mo'der'd  an'  I  niver  seed  oht  warse  then  my  sen.  An'  seein'  as  he  was 
a  forelder  o'  my  awn  one  would  think  it  a  deal  likelier  thing  he  should 
shaw  hissen  to  me  then  to  them  soft  sarvant  lasses. 

COME  AT.— (i)  To  attain. 

Th'  apples  was  soa  high  I  couldn't  cum  at  'em. 

(2)  To  ascertain. 

I  ax'd  him  agean  an'  agean,  but  I  could  n't  cum  at  reight  end  o'  taale  . 

COME-BACK. — A  guinea  fowl,  so  called  from  its  cry. 

COME-BY-CHANCE.— (i)  A  bastard. 

(2)  A  foal  or  calf  the  paternity  of  which  is  not  known. 

COME  ERA. — A  person's  native  place,  or  the  place  where  his 
home  has  long  been. 

He  lives  at  Brigg  but  Yalthrup's  his  eum  fra. 

COME-HITHER,  WOHEY.— Said  to  horses  to  make  them 
turn  round. 

COME  INTO  PROFIT.— A  cow  is  said  to  come  into  profit  when 
the  milk  comes  after  calving. 

COME  OFF.— An  excuse. 

It's  a  bonny  cum  oj  to  talk  e  that  how. 


132  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

COME  ON. — To  grow,  to  thrive,  to  improve,  said  of  infants 
and  young  animals. 

Them  Scotch  beas  hes  cum  on  aboon  a  bit  sin  we  got  era. 

COME  OUT. — Said  to  a  dog  in  scolding  it. 

COME  OHER.— To  deceive,  to  wheedle. 

He  tell'd  all  soorts  o'  fine  taales  at  'lection  time  but  he  couldn't  cum 
oher  me. 

COME  ROUND,  v.—(i)  To  recover  from  sickness. 

(2)  To  become  reconciled. 

(3)  To  wheedle. 

COMERS  AND  GOERS.— Visitors. 

I   niver  seed  so  many  aimers  and  goers  e'  ony  hoose  e'  my  life  as 
ther  is  theare. 

COME  THROUGH.— To  recover. 

He'll  cum  through  this  time  but  it's  been  a  sore  bout  for  him. 

COME  THY  WAYS.— Come  on  !  make  haste  ! 

Cum  thy  waays,  on  wi'  thes,  whativer  hest  'a  been   doin  ?      I've  been 
litein'  o'  thee  this  hooer. 

COME  TO  BE.— To  be,  to  become. 

When  you  cum  to  be  an  ohd  man  like  me  an'  hev  bairns  o'  yer  awn 
grow'd  up  you'll  see  different. 

COME  TO  ONES  END. -To  die. 

Well,  he  was  tied  to  cum  to  his  end  like  uther  foaks,  but  I  niver 
thoht  he'd  be  taa'en  e'  this  how. 

COME  TO  SEE.— To  make  love  to. 
Jim  cums  to  see  oor  'Liza. 

COME  UP,  inter] ec. — Said  to  horses  to  urge  them  on. 
COMFORT.— A  comfit  ;  a  sweet-meat. 

COMINGS  IN.— Receipts. 

His  cumings  in  is.  all  fra  land  ;  I  reckon  it  at  five  hundred  a  year. 

COME  TO.— (i)  To  recover. 

I  thoht  I  should  dee,  but  I'm  cumd  to  agean  nistly  noo. 
(2)  To  become  friendly. 

He  wodn't  speak  one  while,  but  he's  cumd  to  noo. 

COMMISSION,  COMMISSIONERS.— When  these  words 
are  used,  without  anything  to  qualify  or  explain  their 
meaning,  the  Commission  of  Sewers  is  always  meant. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    W  )RDS.  188 

COMMON,  v. — A  road  that  has  not  been  stoned  is  said  never 
to  have  been  communed. 

COMMON    DAYS. — (i)    The   days    on   which    farmers    cart 
materials  for  the  highways. 

"  Parsyvall  norton  quia  non  observabat  le  common-dayes." — Bottesford 
Manor  Records,  1586. 

(2)  Work  days  ;  all  days  except  Sundays,   Christmas  Day, 
and  Good  Friday. 

COMMONS. — To  do  commons  is  to  cart  material  for  the  repair 
of  the  highways. 

COMPACTED  TOGETHER,^.— (i)  Lying  very  closely,  as 

birds  do  in  a  nest. 
(2)  Adhering  together  as  nails  do  from  rust. 

COMPANY-KEEPER.— A  female  companion  to  a  lady. 
Faber  wife  ewsed  to  be  cum'p'ny-kedper  to  Miss  Alexander. 

COMPOSITY.— Comprehension. 

He's  gotten  no  composity  aboot  him. 

COMRADING,//'<?s.  pt. — Gadding  about  from  house  to  house, 
associating  with  loose  company. 

She's  niver  within  doors  ;  alust  comraadin'  aboot  sumwheare. 

CON. — Words  compounded  with  con  are  accented  on  the  first 
syllable,  e.g.,  confinement. 

CONCARN  (i)  Concern. 

I'll  hev  no  concarn  wi'  him,  i.e.,  I  will  have  no  dealings  with  him. 
"  Defendant  called  the  affair  a  strange  concarn." — Gainsburgh  News, 
May  19,  1877. 

(2)  An  intrigue. 

Thaay'd  a  concarn  together  for  years,  an'  he'd  two  bairns  by  her, 

(3)  A  person,  used  as  a  term  of  extreme  contempt. 

What  a  leein'  concarn  she  is. 

He  is  a  concarn  to  hev  to  do  ony  business  wi'. 

CONCARN,  v.— To  concern. 

"  If  the  inhabitants  of  the  toune  where  he  is  not  consumed  to  cleanse 
will  sweep  up  their  manor,  his  cart  and  horses  shall  carry  it  away." — 
Gainsburgh  Manor  Records,  1692,  in  Stark's  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  266. 

CONCARN    YOU,    interjec. — An    objurgation    equivalent    to 
"  confound  you." 

CONDEMNED. — Money  is  said  to  be  condemned  if  it  be  owing 
before  it  is  earned. 

All  them  theare  stacks  is  condemned  for  rent  an'  moore  things  besides 
them.  C 


181  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CONFINED   LABOURER.— A  farm  labourer  hired  by  the 
year. 

"  A  confined  labourer,  a  married  man  who  can  clip  sheep  and  work  on 
a  farm." — Gainsburgh  News,  June  27,  1868. 

"  An1  'er  brother  is  a  confined  labourer  at  Earby  wi'  a  farmer  Brown." 
Samuel  Wills,  The  Lincolnshire  Labourer. 

CONIES,  sb.  ^/.—Rabbit-skins. 

CON  NY,  adj. — Pretty,  comely,  suitable. 

CONNYFOBLE,  CONNYFOGLE,  v.— To  deceive,  to  entice 
by  flattery. 

CONSATED,  adj.—(i)  Conceited. 
(2)  Firmly  of  opinion. 

I'm  consated  he'll  kill  his  sen  wi'  drink  afoore  many  munths  is  oher 
if  he  goas  on  e'  this  fashion. 

CONSITHER,  v.— To  consider. 

"  I  thoht  it  was  a  goast  at  fost,  for  I'd  been  tell'd  ther'  was  a  woman 
wi'  oot  her  head  ewsed  to  walk  theare,  but  when  I'd  consither'd  my  sen  a 
bit,  I  fun  oot  it  was  moon  shinin'  on  a  fledge  o'  waiter  e'  Tommy 
Waakefield  dykein'  boddum." — Robert  Lock  wood. 

CONSTERNATED.— Astonished. 

CONVARTED,  ^/.—Converted.     Having  convictions   of  sin 
and  certainty  of  grace. 

Mason  :  I've  cum'd  to  ax  you,  sir,  if  you've  ony  objections  to  me 
tonin'  Methodist  ? 

Squire  :  No ;  I've  nothing  to  do  with  your  religion. 

Mason  :  Then  I'll  goa  next  prayer  meetin'  as  ther'  is,  an'  get  convarted, 
for  Mr.  Waakefield  hes  a  pair  of  cottages  to  build,  an'  if  nobbut  I'm 
broht  in,  I'm  sewer  to  get  th'  job. — Messingham,  circa  1859. 

About  th'  year  1860,  an  old  man  at  Willoughton  was  convarted  to 
Mormonism.  On  being  asked  what  the  process  felt  like,  he  replied, 
"  Aw,  it  wer'  bewtiful ;  just  for  all  th'  warld  like  treacle  runnin'  doon 
my  back." — Dowse. 

CONY.— A  rabbit  (obsolescent). 

CONY-GARTH. — A  small  enclosure  for  rabbits  (obsolescent). 

COO.— A  cow. 

11  My  faather's  bad  wi'  a  stroak,  he'll  niver  get  noa  better,  an'  what's 
warse  oor  coo  went  an'  deed  last  neet. — M.,  June,  1886. 

COOL. — A  lump  or  swelling  on  the  head. 
COOP. — A  chicken  hutch. 

COOSLOP.— Cowslip. 

Cooslop  peeps  meks  real  good  wine. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  185 

COOT.— A  water  hen. 
As  bare  as  a  coot. 
As  lousy  as  a  coot. 

COP,  v. — Schoolboy  slang. 

You'll  cop  it,  i.e.,  you  will  catch  it. 

Cop  him  a  hot  'un,  i.e.,  give  him  a  hard  blow. 

COP,  COP  (kop).— Call- word  for  a  horse. 

COP-HORSE.— (i)  A  child's  name  for  a  horse. 
(2)  A  child's  toy  like  a  horse. 

COPY-LAND.— Land  held  by  copyhold  tenure. 

Afoore  th1  enclosure  a  deal  o'  land  e'  Scotter  was  copy-land,  bud  it's  all 
free-land  noo. 

CORDWAINER.— A  shoemaker. 

CORE. — The  inner  part  of  a  hay  or  clover  stack,  when  all  the 
outside  has  been  cut  away.     See  CRAWK  (2). 
"The  sweet  remnant  of  the  hoarded  rick 
Sliced  to  the  core." 

James  Hnrdis,  The  Favourite  Village,  120. 

CORKER.— See  CAWKER. 

CORN. — (i)  Any  kind  of  cereal,  but  more  especially  wheat. 

(2)  A  single  grain  of  wheat,  &c. 

I  got  sum  co,  ns  e'  my  boots  when  I  was  dressin',  an'  thaay  laam'd  me. 
"  Except  a  corn  of  wheat   fall  into  the  ground  and  die,  it  abideth 
alone." — St.  John,  chap,  xii.,  v.  24. 

(3)  A  single  grain  of  shot. 

Mr.  E.     .     .     .    shot  him  e'  th' leg,  an' he  carri'd  sum  o' th'wns  wi' 
him  to  th'  daay  of  his  death. 

(4)  A  small  quantity  of  tobacco,  not  sufficient  to  fill  a  pipe. 

(5)  "He  duzn't  carry  corn  well,"  said  of  any   person   who 
cannot  bear  prosperity. 

CORN,  v.—  When  the  ears  of  cereals  begin  to  fill  they  are  said 
to  corn  well,  or  badly,  as  the  case  may  be.  Curne  occurs  in 
this  sense. — Piers  the  Plowman,  C.  text,  pass,  xiij.,  1.  180. 

CORN-BIN  (korne*bin). — Wild  convolvulus,  convolvulus  arvensis. 
CORNED.— Slightly  drunken. 

CORNED-BEEF.— Beef  that  has  been  a  few  days  in  pickle, 
but  is  not  fully  salted. 


18C  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CORNISH.— (i)  A  cornice. 
(2)  The  penis. 

CORPSE-CANDLE.— A  light  said  to  be  seen  over  graves. 

CORPSE-WINDER.— A  woman  who  prepares  the  dead  for 
the  coffin. 

CORRAN,  CORRANBERRY.— The  garden  currant. 

CORRUPTION.— Pus  "  matter." 
All  blud  an'  corruption. 

'COS,  cotij. — Because. 

He  hes  n't  cum'd  just  'cos  I  tell'd  him  ;  he's  that  stupid. 

COSSES,  pr.  sing. — Costs. 

I  should  like  to  goa  to  Drypool  Fair,  bud  it  cosses  so  much  up  o*  th' 
packit. 

COST  THAN  WORSHIP.— When  anything  costs  much  more 
than  it  is  worth  it  is  said  to  be  of  "  moore  cost  then  warship" 

COSTIC,  adj.— Constipated.     See  INFAMATION. 

COT. — (i)  A  sheep's  fleece  that  has  become  -matted  together 
during  growth.  Cotted  fleeces  are  frequently  used  for  door- 
mats, and,  in  the  place  of  sponges,  for  fomenting  sick 
horses. 

(2)  A  boy  or  man  who  cooks  or  does  other  womanly  work. 

COT,  v. — (i)  To  entangle,  used  of  hair,  skeins  of  thread,  &c. 
(2)  To  become  entangled. 

COT,  prep,  of  cut. 

A  boy  at  Winterton  school,  when  undergoing  instruction  in  the 
biography  of  Jonah,  said  in  reference  to  that  prophet's  imprisonment 
in  the  whale's  belly,  "  I  should  ha'  cot  my  waay  oot." 

COTCH,  pp.— Caught. 

Him  as  steals  what  isn't  his'n 
When  he's  cotch'd  mun  goa  to  prison. 

COTCHER.— A  cottier  ;  a  cottager. 
COTE.— A  pig-sty.     See  COAT. 

COTE,  r. — To  fasten  up  swine  in  a  pig-sty  (obsolete). 

"  Of  Mathew  Vause  for  not  hauing  a  swine  cote  to  cote  up  his  s\vine 
in,  iiijd  " — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Fine  Roll,  1630. 

CO'TSEY.— A  curtsey. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  187 

COTTED,  //.—Matted,  entangled. 

Thy  hair's  that  cotted  one  wod  think  thoo  hed  n't  reightled  it  sin  last 
Asby  feast. 

COTTER. — (i)  An  iron  bolt  with  a  large  flat  head  used  for 

fastening  window  shutters. 
(2)  A  kind  of  wedge  or  key  used  for  various  purposes. 

COTTERED,  pp.— (i)  Matted,  entangled;  applied  to  hair  or 

wool. 

(2)  Crumpled,  shrunk,  run-up ;  applied  to  woollen  or  cotton 
goods. 

COTTERELL. — (T)  A  washer,  or  broad  thin  ring  of  metal 
placed  below  the  head  or  nut  of  a  bolt  to  hinder  it  from 
crushing  the  wood. 

"  For  xxx.  cotterelks  and  viii.  wedges  to  the  belles,  ijs.  iiijd."— Louth 
Church  Ace.,  1570,  vol.  iii.,  p.  66. 

(2)  A  piece  of  leather  of  similar  shape  to  the  above  used  for 
keeping  the  strands  of  a  mop  together. 

COTTON,  v. — (i)  To  get  on  well  together,  to  agree. 

Thaay  cotton  togither  well  eniff  noo,  but  thaay  did  ewse  to  fall  oot 
a  part  when  she  was  yung  an'  giddy. 

(2)  To  grow,  to  improve  (obsolescent). 

"  I  perceive  how  this  geare  cottens" — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  42. 

(3)  To  beat,  to  thresh. 

COTTON-DOWN,  v.— To  humiliate  ones  self. 

I  weant  cotton-doon  to  a  chap  like  that  for  all  his  brass. 

COTTONER.— Something  very  striking,  either  good  or  evil. 

When  that  cousin  o'  mine,  in  America,  that  I  niver  so  much  as  seed, 
deed  an'  left  me  fifty  pund  ;  "  Well,"  says  I,  "  this  is  a  cottoner." 

Th1  bairn  hed  been  e'  mischief  all  daay  thrif ;  at  last  when  I  was  sidin" 
awaay  th'  tea  things,  what  duz  he  do  but  tum'le  i'to  th'  well.  So, 
says  1,  "  Well,  this  is  a  cottoner,  we  shall  hev  to  send  for  Mr.  Iveson 
(the  coroner)  noo,  I  reckon." 

COUNT,  v. — To  anticipate,  to  reckon  upon. 

She  coonted  up  o'  bein1  married  afoore  th'  bairn  was  born. 

COUNTRY-SIDE.  — The  neighbourhood;  the  surrounding 
district. 

"  The  whole  country-side  abounds  with  sepulchral  records." — 
Streatfield,  Lincolnshire  and  the  Danes,  p.  114. 

COURAGE-BATER.— A  castrator. 

"  Buried  Eliezar  Huddlestone,  a  stranger,  who  was  a  couragebater." — 
Holbeach  Par.  Reg.,  May  17,  1723. 


188          MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

COURT. — When  used  without  any  other  word  to  fix  its 
meaning  it  signifies  the  county  court  for  the  recovery  of 
debts. 

COURT-CARDS. — (i)  The  kings  and  queens  in  a  pack  of  cards ; 
formerly  called  coat-cards. 

(2)  "  He's  gotten  to  be  a  coort-card  noo,"  said  of  some  one  who 
has  risen  very  much  in  social  position. 

COURTING.— A  court,  an  enclosed  yard. 

He  said  he'd  kick  my  arse  roond  th'  coortin',  soa  says  I  to  him, 
thoo'd  better  try  ;  it'll  maay  be  bo'n  thy  boots  if  'ta  duz. — Whitton, 
Feb.,  1872. 

COVERLID.— A  coverlet,  a  bed  quilt 

COW,  v.— To  subdue. 

COW-CASSON.— Cow-dung.     See  CASSON. 

COW-CLAP. — Cow-dung,  perhaps  so  called  from  the  noise 
which  it  makes  in  falling. 

She's  as  common  as  coo-claps  are  on  Butterwick  Haale  at  harvist  time. 

COW-EASINGS.— Cow  dung. 

COW-GATE. — The  pasturage  for  a  cow  in  a  village  cow- 
pasture,  or  on  a  common. 

"  I  scarcely  ever  knew  a  cow-gate  given  up  for  want  of  ability  to 
obtain  a  cow." — 1804  A.  Hunter,  Georgical  Essays,  vol.  ii.,  p.  126. 

COWL. — (i)  A  metal  hood  for  a  chimney. 
(2)  A  lump,  or  swelling  on  the  head. 

Draaton  did  n't  ho't  Lusby  to  speak  on,  but  he'd  a  great  cowl  up  o'  th' 
side  o1  his  head  for  iver  so  long  efter. 

COW-LADY.— A  lady-bird. 

"  A  bluish  black-beetle  about  the  size  of  a  cow-lady    has  made    its 
appearance  in  Wingland." — Stamford  Mercury,  Aug.  24,  1877. 
"  Coo-laady,  coo-laady,  flee  awaay  hoam, 
Yer  hoose  is  o'  fire  an'  yer  childer  '11  b'on." 

COW-LICK. — Curled  locks  of  hair  on  a  cow,  which  are  believed 
to  have  assumed  the  form  they  bear  from  the  animal 
constantly  licking  them. 

COWL-RAKE.—  A  mud-scraper,  formed  like  a  large  hoe  with 
a  long  shaft. 

"  For  a  cowle-rake  makyng,  xijd." — Louth  Ch.  Acc.t  1596,  vol.  iii.,  p.  160. 
Cf.  Th.  Otway,  The  Atheist,  Act  i,  sc.  i.  Rob.  Burton,  Anatomy  of 
Melancholy,  ed.,  1624,  p.  52.  Cotton  and  Woollcombe,  Gleanings  from 
Municipal  .  .  .  Records  .  .  .  of  Exeter,  p.  146. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  189 

COW-PASTURE.— (i)  A  grass  field  which  is  always  de- 
pastured, in  which  the  farmer's  cows  run. 

(2)  A  pasture  set  apart  in  some  parishes  for  the  sole  use  of 
the  cottager's  cows.  There  is  a  pasture  of  this  kind  at 
Appleby,  and  before  recent  unhappy  changes  there  was  one 
at  Scotton. 

COW-TO'D. — Cow-dung.  It  is  said  of  a  man  who  after  much 
display  suddenly  comes  to  poverty,  that  "  he  went  up  like 
a'  arrow  an'  lighted  in  a  coo-to 'd." 

COWS   AND   CALVES.— The  flowers  of  the  arum  maculatum. 
COY. — A  decoy  for  taking  wild  ducks. 

COY-DUCK,  5.  pl.—(i)  A  tame  duck  kept  in  a  decoy  for  the 
purpose  of  enticing  the  wild  ones  into  the  nets. 

"  The  greatest  varieties  that  are  to  be  seen  for  ponds,  waterworks, 
groves,  conveniences  of  coy-ducks." — Rushworth,  Hist.  Coll.,  part  iv.,  vol. 
ii.,  p.  1263. 

(2)  A  person  employed  for  purposes  of  deceit. 

She's  a  real  coy  duck,  no  sarvant  lass  is  saafe  wheare  she  is. 

COYL  (koil). — Coal.  Probably  a  form  imported  from  the 
West  Riding  of  Yorkshire.  Coal  is  the  common  pronuncia- 
tion here. 


She'll  mak'  most  o'  fo'ty  pund  if  sum  o'  them  foaks  that  knaw  doan't 
shed 


CRAB,  v. — To  divulge  a  secret. 

She'll  mak'  most  o'  fo'ty  pund 
crab  her  ;  said  of  a  blemished  mare  that  was  to  be  sold 

CRAB-APPLE.— The  fruit  of  the  crab-tree.     . 
CRABBING.— Gathering  crabs. 
CRABBY.— Crabbed,  cross,  bad-tempered. 

CRAB-FISH.— The  crab. 

I  can  eat  ony  soort  o'  fish  bud  crab-fish,  them  I  can't  abide. — May, 
1886. 

CRAB-STICK.— A  bad-tempered  child. 

CRAB-VARGIS. — An  acid  liquid,  similar   to  vinegar,   made 
from  crabs. 

CRACK.— (i)  A  boastful  lie. 

"  Leasinges,  backby tinges  and  vainglorious  crakes." — Spencer,  Faerie 
Queue,  Bk.  ii.,  canto  xi.,  v.  10. 

(2)  To  do  anything  "  in  a  crack  "  is  to  do  it  very  quickly. 


140  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

CRACK,  r.— (i)  To  boast. 

He  cracks  his  sen  off  as  tho'ff  he  was  Lord  Mayor  o'  Yerk. 
Her  bairn's  noht  to  crack  on  ;  you  should  see  mine. 

(2)  To  curdle ;  said  of  milk  in  possets  or  when  changing,  q.v. 
CRACKLING.— The  skin  of  roast  pork. 

CRACK  SKULL. — A  noisy  and  mischief- making  gossip. 
An  ohd  crackskull  nobut  fit  to  be  stuck  in  a  dykein'  boddom. 

CRACKY. — Not  quite  sound  in  mind. 

C RADGE. — A  small  bank  made  to  keep  out  water. 

CRADLE-COUGH. — A  cough  thought  to  betoken  pregnancy. 

CRAG,  v. — To  crack  by  bending. 

Sumbody's  catch'd  hohd  o'  a  bew  o'  that  tree  an1  cra^g'd  it. 

CRAKE,  v. — (i)  To  creak  as  the  hinge  of  a  door. 

(2)  To  make  a  harsh  noise  as  certain  birds  do. 

"Where  the  partridge  is  craking, 

From  morning  to  e'en  ; 
In  the  wheat  lands  awaking 

The  sprouts  young  and  green." 

John  Clare,  To  Jane,  Life  and  Remains, 

CRAM,  v.— (i)  To  crumple. 

Them  lasses  hes  cramm'd  cloth  till  it  is  n't  fit  fer  a  deacent  taable. 

(2)  To  force  food  down  the  throat. 

(3)  To  force  down  anything  very  tightly. 

(4)  To  impose  upon  a  person  by  humourous  lies. 

CRAMBLE,  v.— (i)  To  get  out  of  shape. 

The  wo'st  of  thease  here  shoes  is  thaay  cramble  soa. 

(2)  To  move  as  if  stiff  in  the  joints. 

He's  ninety  year  ohd  an'  he's  not  cram' I  in  ta  speak  on  yit. 
I  shall  soon  be  as  cramUiti1  as  Tom  Herringshaw  is  my  sen. 

CRAMP,  CRAMPER. — A  piece  of  iron  used  to  join   stones 
together.     See  CLAMP  (2). 

CRAMP,   CRAMPLE.— To  crumple. 

If  you  cramp  that  writing  paaper  you'll  clean  spoil  it. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  141 

CRAMP-RING. — A  ring  worn  to  keep  off  the  cramp.  Robert 
Lockwood,  late  of  Yaddlethcrpe,  found  an  old  copper 
wedding-ring  which  had  become  fastened  upon  the  point  of 
the  tooth  of  a  harrow  with  which  he  was  working  his  land ; 
he  gave  it  to  his  wife  to  wear  and  she  assured  the  author 
that  it  had  quite  cured  her  of  the  cramp. 

"  I  ewsed  to  hev  it  bad  afoore,  bud  it  hes  niver  been  near  me  sin'  ", 
she  said. 

Rings  for  the  cure  of  the  cramp  were  formerly  blessed  by  the  Kings 
of  England ;  the  service  for  this  purpose  may  be  seen  in  Maskell's 
Monumenta  Ritualia  Ecclesia  Anglicance,  vol.  iii.,  p.  335.  Cf.  Brand, 
Popular  Antiquities,  1813,  vol.  i.,  p.  128.  Nares'  Gloss.,  sub.  voc.  Pro. 
Soc.  Ant.,  i.  series,  vol.  ii.,  p.  292.  Journal  of  British  Archaological  Ass., 
vol.  xxvii.,  p.  280.  Notes  and  Queries,  v.  series,  vol.  ix.,  pp.  308,  514, 
Household  Books  of  Lord  Will.  Howard  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  147.  Atkinson. 
Cleveland  Gloss.,  sub.  voc.  Jones,  Credulities  Past  and  Present,  p.  200. 
Academy,  vol.  xvi.,  p.  232.  Parker  Soc.  Index,  Nares'  Gloss.,  sub.  voc. 

CRAMPT,  ^/.—Limited  for  space. 

We're  straange  an'  crampt  for  room  here,  nobbut  one  bedroom  for 
nine  foaks. 

CRANCH,  v. — To  crunch,  to  crush  as  wheels  do  the  stones  on 
'a  newly  repaired  road,  or  as  children  do  when  eating  apples. 

CRANE. — A  heron. 

John  Marcham  Bottesfnrd. 

Crane  Bushes  in  Campo  de  Morton  are  mentioned  in  the  Kirton-in 
Lindsey  Court  Roll  of  12,  Henry  vj.  They  probably  took  their  name 
from  this  bird.  The  true  crane  was,  however,  by  no  means  a  rare  bird 
in  England  in  former  days.  See  Athencsum,  March  2,  1878,  p.  289. 

CRANE. — A  bar  of  iron  turning  on  a  pivot  affixed  to  the  back 
of  a  chimney,  for  the  purpose  of  suspending  cooking  vessels 
over  a  fire. 

CRANK.— (i)  The  handle  of  a  turnip-slicer,  a  "  blower,"  a 
grindstone,  or  any  similar  machine. 

(2)  A  machine  used  in  some  prisons  for  finding  employment 
for  prisoners.  There  was  one  in  the  now  disused  prison  of 
Kirton-in -Lindsey. 

CRANKY.— (i)  Weak,  decrepit. 

(2)  Ill-tempered,  irritable,  disobliging. 

Doant  ax  him  for  it  till  th'  poast's  cum'd  ;  he's  alus  cranky  in  a 
mornin'. 

CRANNY.— A  crevice. 

CRAPS,  SCRAPS,  s.  pi. — Scraps  of  pig's  fat  which  remain 
after  the  lard  has  been  extracted  by  boiling.  Some  persons 
eat  them  with  mustard,  vinegar  and  pepper. 


142  MANLEY    AND    CORRlNGHAM    WORDS. 

CRATCH.— (i)  A  cradle  (obsolete). 

(2)  An  open  frame  on  which  hay  is  put  for  cattle. 

Thomas  Teanby,  of  Barton-upon-Humber,  had  at  his  death,  in  1652 
"  5  sheep-era tches." — Gent.  Mag.,  1861,  vol.  ii.,  p.  505. 

(3)  A  pig-cratch,  q.v. 

(4)  A  bier.     A  Winterton  man  on  seeing  a  new  bier  which 
had  been  provided  for  the  church,  said,  "  That's  just  th' 
soort'n  a  cratch  I  should  liketobetakkentochech  on." — 1882. 

CRATCHES,  s.  pi. — Swellings  to  which  horses  are  subject. 
CRATCH-YARD,  CRETCH-YARD.— A  crew-yard,  q.v. 

CRAW. — (i)  A  rook  ;  not  a  carrion  crow.     When  the  latter  is 
spoken  of  it  is  always  called  a  "  ket-craw." 

"  Never  tho'  my  mortal  summers  to  such  length  of  years 

should  come 

As  the  many-wintere'd  crow  that  leads  the  clanging 
rookery  home." 

Tennyson,  Locksley  Hall. 
"  I  want  to  hear  the  call 

O'  th'  pywipes  i1  th'  marsh-land 
An'  th'  craws  ahind  th'  ploo." 

Mabel  Peacock,  The  Lincolnshire  Poacher. 

When  th'  craws  plaays  foot-ball  it's  a  sign  o'  bad  weather.  That  is 
when  the  rooks  are  restless,  gather  together  in  large  bodies  and  circle 
round  each  other. 

My  bairns  'all  niver  do  th'  saame  like  for  me.  It  is  n't  offens  yung 
craws  sarves  ohd  uns,  said  by  a  parent  who  had  made  great  sacrifices 
for  his  children. 

When  a  child  asks  a  question  that  it  is  difficult  or  unwise  to  answer, 
the  mother  replies,  "  How  should  I  knaw,  bairn ;  why  does  craws  pick 
lambs  eyes  oot." 

(2)  A  crowbar. 

(3)  The  crop  of  a  bird. 

CRAW,  v. — (i)  To  crow  like  a  cock. 

A  whis'lin'  wife  an'  a  crawin'  hen 
Is  naaither  good  for  God  nor  men. 

(2)  To  brag,  to  boast. 

I  wo'dn't  craw  soa  aboot  thy  plaace  if  I  was  thoo  ;  thoo'll  be  leavin' 
afoore  Maayda'  if  ta'  duz. 


CRAWTDEN. — A  task,  commonly  used  in  a  humourous  sense. 

I'll  set  thee  a  crawden,  my  lad ;  if  thoo'll  swarm  yon  theare  tree  an 
fetch  me  them  maggit  eggs  fra  th'  nest,  I'll  gie  the  sixpence. 

CRAW-FEET,  s.  pL — Wrinkles  on  the  cheeks  and  temples. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  143 

CRAW -FULL,  CRAW -BELLY -FULL.— A  very  small 
quantity,  commonly  of  flesh  or  food. 

He's  gotten  that  waake  an'  thin  he  hesn't  a  craw-full  on  his  boans. 

CRAWK.— (i)  The  core  of  fruit. 

"The  mellerest  apple  hes  a  crawk  i'side,"  a  remark  made  to  teach 
that  no  one  is  without  faults. 

(2)  The  hard  lump  in  the  middle  of  a  potatoe  that  has  not 
been  sufficiently  boiled. 

(3)  The  inner  part  of   a  hay  or  clover  stack  when  all  the 
outside  has  been  cut  away. 

(4)  He's  good  at  th'  crawk,  signifies  that  the  person  of  whom 
it  is  said  is  sound  in  constitution  and  character. 

CRAWL,  v. — To  be  infested  with,  used  regarding  vermin. 
That  dog  fairly  crawls  wi"  lops. 

CRAWMASSING. — Going  round  begging  gifts  at  Christmas, 
or  to  gather  up  the  remains  of  a  feast. 

CRAW-OVER,  v. — To  triumph  over. 
CRAWS,  BLACK. — Dried  mucus  nasi. 

CRAWS. — To  climb.  Infants  are  said  to  " climb  craws"  when 
they  first  begin  to  use  their  feet  by  climbing  up  their 
mothers'  breast. 

Cum  along  an'  climb  craws  then,  that's  a  little  blessin'. 
CRAW-TREES,  s.  pi.— Trees  on  which  rooks  build. 

CRAZY,  adj.— Rickety. 

That  chair's  craazy,  thoo  moant  sit  thy  sen  doon  on  it.  I  nobbut 
keep  it  'cos  it  was  Lord  Yarburs'.  I  boht  it  at  the  Manby  Hall  saale. 

CREAM,  v.— To  froth,  as  ale. 

CREAM-DISH. — A  shallow  metal  dish,  with  a  handle  on  one 
side  and  small  holes  in  the  bottom,  used  in  creaming  milk. 

CREATUR. — A  term  ol  contempt. 

A  sore  leein'  credtitr ;  as  poor  a  credtur  as  iver  I  seed. 

Did  you  iver  sea  two  such  poor,  white-faaced  credturs.  I  tell  "em  that 
thaay  're  a  vast  deal  moore  fitter  for  the'r  graaves  than  cumin'  here  a 
huny-moonin'. — 1882. 


144  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CREDDLE.— (i)  A  cradle. 

(2)  A  frame  of  rods  fastened  by  cords  which  is  put  round  the 
neck  of  a  horse  that  has  been  blistered,  or  has  been  hurt,  to 
hinder  it  from  biting  the  sore. 

(3)  A  frame  round  a  young  tree  placed  there  to  preserve  it 
from  cattle. 

(4)  A  frame  in  which  glaziers  carry  glass. 

"To  my  broder  Robert  all  my  toels  and  scroes  and  a  credill  of 
Normandy  glase."—  Will  of  John  'Petty,  Test  Ebor  (Surtees  Soc.),  vol. 
iv.,  p.  334- 

CREDDLE-BAIRN.— An  infant. 

I  was  nobbut  a  creddle-bairn  then,  soa  I  knaw  noht  concarnin'  it. 

"  An  made  hem  rowte, 
Als  he  weren  kradel-barnes." 

Havelock,  1912. 

CREE,  v. — To  simmer  grain  until  it  is  tender. 

Squire  alus  gies  his  herses  creed  lineseed,  that's  why  thaay  shine  in 
the'r  coats  soa. 

CREEL. — (i)  An  osier  basket  in  which  fish  is  carried. 

(2)  A  pannier. 

(3)  A  frame  in  which  glaziers  carry  glass.     See  CREDDLE  (4). 

(4)  A  wooden  rack  in  which  plates  stand.     The  difference 
between  a  "rack"  and  a  creel  is  this.     A  " plate-rack"  is 
the  frame  in  which  plates  after  washing  are  put  to  dry  ; 
a  set  of  shelves  fastened  to  a  wall  with  ledges  to  keep  the 
plates  from  slipping  is  a  plate-creel.     In  the  "  rack  "  the 
plates  stand  edge-ways  to  the  spectator  ;  in  the  creel  they 
stand  side  by  side,  or  partially  over-lapping  each  other  and 
facing  the  spectator. 

CREEPER. — A  grapnel  used  for  recovering  the  bodies  of 
drowned  persons. 

When  thaay  fun'  his  body  ther'  wasn't  a  mark  on  it,  except  that  th1 
credpers  hed  just  catch'd  it  aside  one  o'  th1  ears.— Circa,  1840. 

CREEPING. — A  cold  sensation  in  the  skin,  caused  sometimes 
by  fright,  or  others  by  illness. 

CREEP  UP  THE  SLEEVE.— To  deceive  by  coaxing  or 
flattery. 

You  see,  he's  crept  up  her  shave  till  he  can  do ony thing  wi'  her  he  likes. 

CRESSET. — An  iron  frame  used  to  contain  an  out-door  fire. — • 
Cf.  "  blazing  cressets"  Milton,  Paradise  Lost,  bk  .1.,  1.  728. — 
Rites  of  Durham  (Surtees  Soc.),  pp.  2,  3. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  145 

CRETCH-YARD.— See  CRATCH-YARD. 

CREW. — A  confused  crowd.  Crew  may  be  applied  to  lifeless 
things  as  well  as  living. 

You  niver  seed  sich  an'  a  crew  o'  plew-jags  as  we  bed  to-year. 
Ther'  was  a  straange  creiv  o'  mucky  ohd  things  ton'd  oot  at  S.    .    . 
saale. 

CREW,  CREW-YARD,  CREW-GARTH,  CRATCH-YARD, 
CRETCH-YARD.— A  bedded  fold  for  cattle. 

"  With  hay  and  straw  and  use  of  crews  and  sheds  .  .  .  with  the 
use  of  the  crew-yards  until  the  5th  of  April  next." —Stamford  Mercury, 
Sept.  20,  1867. 

"  Confined  in  the  house,  or  in  a  crew-yard,  and  kept  wholly  on  hay  or 
straw." — Th.  Bateman,  Vicar  of  Whaplode,  Treatise  on  Agistment  Tithe, 
1778,  p.  61. 

"  The  crew-yard  will  soon  be  required,  and  it  would  be  unsafe  to  use 
with  this  excavation  .  .  .  under  it." — W.  E.  Hewlett  in  Gainsburgh 
Times,  Jan.  21,  1881. 

Sir  Charles  Anderson  informs  me  that  there  is  a  place  in  the  parish 
of  Lea  called  Cre w-hills,  because  cattle  were  formerly  kept  there  in 
winter. 

CREWELL.— Fine  worsted. 

Miss  Baker  says :  "  Fine  worsteds,  made  hard  and  smooth  by 
twisting,  which  distinguishes  them  from  common  worsted  of  various 
colours,  used  for  the  purpose  of  ornamental  needle-work,  and  by  the 
angler  in  the  composition  of  artificial  flies.  Lexicographers  have 
mistaken  the  distinctive  difference  of  this  article,  and  describe  it 
simply  as  worsted." — North-amp.  Gloss.,  sub.  voc. 

"  Bless  yer  heart,  my  good  man  ...  it  was  my  owd  grandmother 
gave  me  that  name,  when  I  was  clear  a  little  bairn,  along  o'  my  runnin" 
away  wi'  her  crewell  ball,  and  making  a  blobb  for  eels  wi'  it." — John 
Markcnfield,  vol.  i.,  p.  113. 

In  1529  there  was  in  the  church  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  a  vestment 
of  "  greyne  croylle.'" — Ch.  Ace.,  sub  anno.  Cf.  J.  R.  Daniel-Tyssen, 
Inventories  of  .  .  .  Ornaments  in  the  Churches  of  Surrey,  p.  16. 

CRIB-SUCKER,  CRIB-BITER.— A  horse  that  gnaws  and 
sucks  the  manger. 

CRICK.— (i)  A  crevice. 
(2)  A  twist  of  the  neck. 

CRIED  DOON,//>.— Evil  spoken  of,  slandered. 

At  'lection  times  ivery  body  cries  them  doon  that's  o1  the  uther  side. 

CRIED  UP,  //.—Praised. 

She's  cried  up  noa  end  by  sum  foaks  up  of  acoont  o'  her  singin'  and 
plaayin'  up  o'  th1  pianna. 

CRIMP. — An  agent  employed  to  trapan  sailors  into  the  clutches 
of  the  press-gang  (obsolescent). 

CRIMP,  v. — To  wrinkle,  to  crumple. 
L 


14G  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CRIMPING-MACHINE.— An  instrument  with  two  indented 
rollers,  in  which  heaters  can  be  placed.  These  rollers 
revolve  upon  each  other.  It  is  used  for  crimping  women's 
frills  and  cap  borders. 

CRINKLE,  v. — To  wrinkle.  To  form  into  loops  as  is  the 
custom  with  unwound  thread  or  silk.  A  brook  in  the  parish 
of  Roxby,  the  course  of  which  is  very  circuitous,  is  called 
Gtinglebeck. 

CRISSELLED  UP  (kris-ld).— Twisted  up  as  leaves  are 
through  the  effects  of  cold. 

CROAK,  v. — To  complain. 

CROFT. — A  small  plot  of  enclosed  land  adjoining  a  homestead. 
"  The  maids  hang  out  white  clothes  to  dry 
Around  the  elder-skirted  croft. 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  25. 

CROHLE,  v. — To  crawl,  to  creep. 

I  fun  this  here  yung  theaf  crohlin'  thrif  my  otchard  hedge,  \vi'  his 
pockets  ram  full  o'  pears. 

"  'Th  devil  an'  all  them  things, 
'At's  creepin'  an1  crowlin1  below." 

Mabel  Peacock,  Lincolnshire  Poacher. 

When  the  late  Archdeacon  Stonehouse  was  collecting  materials  for 
his  History  of  the  Isle  of  Axholme  he  asked  one  of  the  older  inhabitants 
what  was  the  meaning  of  the  name  Crowle,  the  place  where  this  person 
lived.  The  reply  was,  "  Well,  sir,  I  doant  knaw  for  sureness,  but  thaav 
do  saay  as  afoore  Vermuden  time  this  was  omust  th'  only  bit  o'  land  e' 
this  part  that  was  unflooded,  so  folks  crohled  up  here  an'  built  hooses." 

CROOK. — (i)  An  iron  hook  by  which  cooking-vessels  are 
suspended  over  a  fire. 

(2)  A  similar   hook  by  which  bacon  is  suspended  from  the 
rafters. 

He  found  her  hanging  from  a  crook  in  the  ceiling  quite  dead."—  Leeds 
Mercury,  Sept.  u,  1883. 

(3)  The  hinge  of  a  gate  or  door. 

"Tek  th'  gate  off  the  cyooks,  Joab." — Lawrence  Cheny,  Ruth  and 
Gabriel,  vol.  i.,  p.  27. 

CROOKLED.— (i)  Crooked. 

A  crookled  stick  'all  do  to  beat  a  bitch  wi'. 
As  crookled  as  a  dog's  hind  leg. 

There  is  a  public-house  at  Gainsburgh  and  another  at  Owston  having 
for  a  sign  the  Crooked  Billet.  Both  these  go  by  the  name  of  the 
Crookled  Billet. 

(2)  Bad-tempered. 

(3)  Awkward. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS,  147 

CROON.— A  crown.     See  CROWN. 
CROONER.— A  coroner. 
CROOPY.— Hoarse. 

CROPPING. — The  crops.  The  proper  rotation  of  crops  is 
said  to  be  as  follows  : — 

Efter  wheat,  to'nups, 
Efter  to'nups,  barley, 
Efter  barley,  cloaver, 
Efter  cloaver,  wheat, 
An1  so  oher  and  oher  agean. 

CROSS. — The  signature  of  a  person  who  cannot  write. 
It  is  noteworthy  that  while  now  the  sign  of  the  cross  is 
almost  universally  used  for  this  purpose  in  former  days 
down  to  the  middle  of  the  last  century  arbitrary  rigns  and 
letters  were  frequently  employed. 

CROSS-BARS,  5.  pi.— The  upright  bars  of  a  gate  which  cross 
the  ledges  or  horizontal  bars. 

CROSS-BOW. — These  ancient  pieces  of  artillery  are  still,  or 
were  until  very  recently,  used  for  shooting  young  rooks. 
The  arrows  were  made  very  heavy  with  a  knob  at 
the  end. 

CROSS-CLOTH.— (i)  A  hanging  or  veil  by  which  the  rood 
and  other  images  in  the  rood-loft  were  hidden  during  Lent 
(obsolete). 

(2)  A  banner  attached  to  a  processional  cross  (obsolete). 

(3)  An  article  of   female  dress,   probably  a  kerchief  which 
was  worn  across  the  bosom  (obsolete). 

Margaret  Saunderson  on  September  10,  1602,  stole  from  John  Shaw 
gent.  "  Vnum  le  crosse-cloth  et  vnum  le  handerchiff  precium,  x^-" — 
Bottesford  Manor  Roll,  sub  ann. 

CROSS-CROPPING.—"  Taking  crops  out  of  the  accustomed 
rotation  tend  to  exhaust  the  soil  and  are  there  called  cross- 
cropping." — Thomas  Stone,  View  of  Agric.  Line.,  1794,  p.  54. 

CROSS-CUT-SAW.— A  saw  used  for  cutting  timber  across. 

CROSS-CUTTING. -Ploughing  land  across,  after  it  has  been 
ploughed  the  ordinary  way,  so  as  to  cut  the  soil  into  square 
blocks. 


148  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CROSS-EYED,  ##.- Squinting. 
CROSS-GRAINED,  ^/.—Bad-tempered. 
CROSS-PATCH.— A  peevish  child. 
CROSS-QUART.  -  Cross-corner. 

CROWN.  —  The  head  or  top  of  anything,  as  the  crown 
of  an  arch,  of  a  road,  of  a  bee-hive,  a  saddle,  or  a 
bell. 

That  Burringham  road's  all  flooded  except  just  th'  croon. — May 
15,  1886. 

CROWNATION.— Coronation. 

"  For  rynginge  on  the  crownation  day,  thexxvij.  of  March,  ijs. " — 
Klrton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1638. 

I  can  remember  three  crownaation  daays,  of  two  kings  an*  a  queen  ; 
my  faather  could  nobbut  remember  one,  an'  that  was  King  George  the 
Tho'd. — Northorpe,  Mary  Richards,  circa  1840. 

CROWN  DOUN,  v. — To  dig  down  in  various  places  in  search 
of  a  "  suff,"  or  of  stone,  or  clay. 

Them  suffs  i'  th'  hoss-cloas  is  stopp'd  up  ;  Sam  mun'  croon  doon  an' 
find  'em. 

CROWNER.— (i)  A  coroner. 

"  In  Scotland  he  is  called  crowner,  which  is  still  in  this  country  his 
vulgar  appellation." — Jervis,  On  Coroners,  1866,  p.  2. 
"  'Tis  true  the  crowner  sat,  and  sent, 
This  verdict — died  of  non-content." 

Newspaper  Cutting,  1832. 

(2)  Something  surpassingly  beautiful  or  excellent. 
CROWNER'S  QUEST.— A  coroner's  inquest. 

CRUDDLE,  v. — (i)  To  lie  close  together  for  the  sake  of 
warmth. 

Look  how  them  yung  bods  is  cruddled  up'n  a  heap. 

(2)  To  curdle. 

CRUDDLED-BERRIES.- Stewed  gooseberries  eaten  with  fat 
bacon. 

CRUDDY.— Oat-meal  gruel. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  149 

CRUDS,  s.pl.— Curds. 

My  muther  when  I  was  a  gel  wo'd  as  soon  ha'  expected  for  to  see 
Humber  afire  as  fer  foaks  to  mak'  chiscaakes  oot  o'  new  milk  cruds. 

"  Hast  thou  not  poured  me  out  as  milke,  and  turned  me  to  cnids  like 
cheese  ?  " — Job,  ch.  x.,  v.  10,  Geneva  Version. 
"A  few  cruddes  and  creem  and  an  hauer  cake, 
And  two  loues  of  benes  and  bran  y-bake  for  my  fauntis."^ 

Piers  the  Plowman,  B.  Text,  pass,  vi.,  1.  284. 

CRUEL. — Very,  exceedingly ;  always  with  some  allusion  to 
suffering. 

It's  a  cruel  coh'd  neet. 

CRUM,  v.— To  crumble. 

You  mo'ant  crum  yer  bread,  Sarah  Ann. 

That  motters  all  cmmiri1  awaay  i'  th'  gardin  wall  Bars  Smith  built. 
"Thou  thyselfe  didst  crum  it,  thou  therefore  must  eat  it  vp  all." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  385. 

CRUiMBS,  s.pl.— (i)  Loose  earth  that  falls  into  the  trench  in 
digging. 

(2)    A  man  or  one   of  the   lower  animals   recovering   from 
sickness  is  said  to  "  pick  up  his  crumbs." 

CRUMMY,  adj. — Fat,  in  good  condition  ;  rich  in  good  humour 
My  maaster's  al'us  crusty  afoore  dinner  an'  crummy  efter. 

CRUMP,  v.— To  crush. 

"  I'll  crump  your  onion  "  is  equivalent  to  "  I'll  break  your  skull." 

CRUMPINS,  sb.  pi. — Three  or  more  small  apples  growing  to- 
gether on  one  stalk. 

CRUMPY,  adj. — Crisp,  said  of  bread  or  pastry. 

CRUST. — The  outside  plank  of  a  tree. 

"  For  a  crust  of  a  plank  to  a  brigge     .     .     .    xvjd.,"  1563. — Louth  Ch. 
Ace.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  28. 

CRUSTY,  adj.— Ill-tempered.     See  CRUMMY. 
CRUTCHY. — A  nick-name  for  one  who  walks  on  crutches. 

CRYSON. — A  person  disfigured  by  dress. 
What  a  cryson  she  looks  e'  that  cloak. 

CRY  SHAME  ON,  v.— To  hold  up  to  public  contempt 

I  very  body's  crying  shaame  on      ...      for  th'  waay  he  ewsed 
that  lass  his  dead  wife  was  aunt  to. — Ashby,  1885. 

CRY  UP,  ».— To  praise. 

They    cry  up      .      .     .     as  th'   best   preacher  e'   England  barrin 
Spurgeon, 


150  MAXLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

CUCKOO. — See  SPARROW  HAWK. 
CUCKOO-FLOWER.— Cardemine  pratensis. 
CUCKOO-LAMB.— A  lamb  born  in  May  or  June. 

CUCKOO-SPIT,  TOAD-SPIT.— The  white  froth   on   plants 
produced  by  the  larva  of  the  cicada  spumaria.     See  BROCK. 

"  The  froth  on  willows,  caused  by  the  cicada  spumaria,  we  call  kukubs- 
speichel,  Swiss,  guggerspeu,  Engl.  cuckoo-spit,  Spittle,  Dan.  giogespyt,  but  in 
some  places  witch's  spittle,  Norweg.  trold-kiaringspye." — Grimm,  Tent. 
Myth.,  &c.,  Stallybrass,  vol.  ii.,  p.  682. 

CUCKOO-TIME.— Spring. 

CUCKSTOOL.— A  ducking  stool. 

A  kvckstowle  was  ordered  to  be  made  for  the  manor  of  Bottesford,  in 
1565;  and  in  1576  it  was  ordered  by  the  Court,  "that  euery  woman 
that  is  a  scould  shall  eyther  be  sett  vpon  the  cockstoll  &  be  thrise  ducked 
in  the  water,  or  els  her  husbandes  to  be  amercied,  vjs.  viijf.  The  use 
of  the  cuckstool  was  only  abandoned  at  Gainsburgh  in  the  last  decade  of 
the  eighteenth  century.  The  stool  was  in  existence  under  the  charge  of 
the  constable  in  1837." — Stork's  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  528. 

The  author  has  seen  a  memorandum  written  by  a  Yorkshire  gentle- 
man who  died  in  1840,  which  states  that  in  his  memory  there  was  a 
ducking-stool  at  Little  Hemsworth,  on  Shafton  Green,  on  Cudworth 
Green  and  in  Houghton  Green.  He  goes  on  to  say  that  they 
became  rotten  and  were  removed  between  1770  and  1780. 

An  engraving  of  a  cuckstool  occurs  in  Gay's  Shepherd's  Week,  1514,  in 
illustration  of  the  lines  : — 

"  I'll  speed  me  to  the  pond,  where  the  high  stool, 
On  the  long  pla  nk  hangs  o'er  the  muddy  pool, 
That  stool,  the  dread  of  every  scolding  quean." 

Bk.  iii.,  1.  105. 
"  The  power  to  rule 
With  pil'ry,  stocks,  and  ducking  stool. 
The  ale-wife  in  the  pool  to  drench, 
The  wandering  whore  and  railing  wench 
Who  swore  the  parson  was  too  civil 
With  honest  maids ;  and  played  the  devil 
With  caps  and  kirtles,  eyes  and  hair, 
Of  chaster  or  of  fairer  fair." 

Quoted  in  Gentleman's  Mag.,  1861, 
vol.  i.,  p.  441. 

CUDDLE,  i'.— •  To  fondle,  to  embrace. 

"  Who  would  in  spite  of  wedlock  run 
To  cuddle  with  the  Emp'rour's  son." 

Edw.  Ward,  Don  Quixote,  1711,  p.  158. 

CUDDY.— (i)  Short  for   Cuthbert.     The  surname  Cuthbert  is 
similarly  contracted. 

(a)  A  name  for  an  ass. 


AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  151 

CULBERT. — A  culvert ;  an  underground  tunnel  for  conveying 
water. 

CULL,  v. — (i)  To  separate  sheep  or  other  live  stock,  the  good 
from  the  bad.  See  CULLS. 

"  In  the  Mill  holme  of  culliuge  ewes,  xxjd. " — Sheep  Bill  of  Sir  John 
Spencer,  1580,  in  Northampton sh.  Notes  and  Queries,  April,  1884,  p.  37. 

(2)  To  pluck. 

Cull  me  sum  flooers,  Phoebe. 

CULLIDGE  ENDED.— Houses  or  stacks  are  said  to  be 
cullidge- ended  when  the  ends  of  the  roofs  are  sloped  to  the 
ridge,  not  carried  up  perpendicularly. 

CULLS. — Inferior  articles  of  any  kind  picked  out  from  others. 
The  word  is  specially  applied  to  inferior  sheep  that  have 
been  separated  from  the  rest  of  the  flock.  See  CULL. 

CULTIVATE,  r. — This  word  has  nearly  lost  its  true  meaning 
and  become  restricted  to  the  working  of  land  with  a  steam 
"  cultivator." 

CULTIVATOR. — A  large  iron  drag  worked  by  steam  power. 
CULVER.— A  pigeon  (obsolete). 

CUM,/*.  t.-(i)  Came. 

I  was  scar'd  when  he  cum  by  agean. 

(2)  Become. 

I  doan't  knaw  what's  cum  o'  th1  tap-kaay ;  I've  looked  high  an'  low 
for  it. 

(3)  pres.  subj. — When  it  comes  ;  used  in  regard  to  time. 

It  will  be  three  weaks  sin1  cum  Sunda1. 

"  Thursday  next  come  three  weeks." — House  of  Lords  Records,   1646, 
Rep.  Hist.  MSS.  Com.,  vi.,  p.  97. 

"  To-morrow  come  never 

When  two  Sundays  come  together," 

is   an  emphatic   way    of   expressing    never,    still   used    in   Cheshire.     (See 
Wilbraham's  Gloss.,  28.)     It  does  not  seem  to  occur  here. 

(4)  Butter   is  said  to  cum  at  the  moment  when  the  cream 
begins  to  clot. 

CUMBER-GROUND,  CUMBER-WORLD.— Anything  that 
is  utterly  useless. 

CUNDIFF,  CUNLIFF.— A  culvert  or  conduit,  an  under, 
ground  tunnel  for  conveying  water. 

CUNGER. — A  conger  eel. 


Io2 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 


CUNNING,  adj. — Wise,  sharp,  clever,  in  a  good  sense. 
She's  a  long-headed,  cunning  woman  among  pigs  and  pultry. 
"  He  was  a  more  cunninger  man  in  his  occupation." — Friar  Rush,  1620, 
in  Thorn's  Prose  Romances,  p.  \o. 

CUPBOARD  LOVER.— A  man  who  makes  love  to  a  female 
servant,  not  for  herself,  but  for  the  sake  of  the  good  things 
she  gives  him  from  her  mistresses'  pantry. 

CUPS  AND  SAUCERS.— A  child's  name  for  acorns  and  the 
cups  that  contain  them. 

CURLY-FLOWER.— (i)  A  cauliflower. 

(2)  A  little  clot  of  hot  wick  in  a  candle  called  also  a  "  shroud  " 
and  "  winding-sheet,"  q.v. 

CUR'OUS.— Curious. 

CURRAN,  CURRAN-BERRY.— The  garden  currant. 

CUSH-CUSH,  CUSH-A-COW.— The  call  for  a  cow. 

Cushy-cow  bonny,  give  down  thy  milk, 
And  I  will  give  thee  a  gown  of  silk  ; 
A  gown  of  silk  and  a  silver  fee, 
If  thou  wilt  give  down  thy  milk  to  me. 

The  two  last  lines  sometimes  run  thus  : 

A  gown  of  silk  and  a  silver  spoon, 
If  thou  wilt  give  down  thy  milk  very  soon. 
"  Cusha  !  Cusha  !  Cusha"  calling, 
P'or  the  dews  will  soon  be  falling." 

Jean  Ingelow,  The  High  Tide. 

CUSTARD.— A  large  kind  of  apple  which  ripens  early.— Cf. 
Skeat,  Did.,  sub  voc.,  Costcrmonger. 

CUSTOMABLY,  adc.— According  to  custom,  habitually. 

Th'  carrier  goas  customably  to  Gainsb'r  iv'ry  Setterda',  but  'e 
harvist  time  he  knocks  off. 

"  He  threateneth  to  do  with  him  as  customably  is  vsed  to  be  done  to 
whore-masters;  that  is,  he  will  geld  him." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  162. 

CUSTOMARY     LAND.— Land    held     by    copyhold    tenure 
(obsolete). 

"  His  highnes  priuileges  infringed  ...  in  raseinge  so  manie 
freehold  estates  by  deede  of  Landes  apparentlie  custumarve." — Norden's 
Survey  of  the  Soke  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1616.  Preface. 

CUSTOM  AT. — To  go  to  one  shop  regularly  for  the  sake  of 
purchasing  articles. 

I  ewst  to  buy  things  heres  an'  theares,  but  noo  I  alus  custom  at 
Dunn's. 


MAULEY  AND  coRRiKGHAM  Wokbs.  158 

CUT. — (i)  Any  pictorial  representation.  A  woman,  referring 
to  a  stained  glass  window,  asked,  "  Please  will  you  tell  me 
what  that  theare  cut  is.  Is  it  Mrs.  .  .  .  and  Miss  .  .  . 
e'  th'  otchard  ?  For  I've  been  saayin'  as  it  is." 

(2)  A  drain  for  draining  land,  not  a  sewer  ;  commonly,  though 
not  always,  one  newly  made. 

"  A  cut  or  drain  to  be  cut  at  the  said  Bycarsdyke.  .  .  .  Also  a 
sluice  out  of  Bycarsdyke  into  the  said  new  cut.'" — Proceedings  of  Court  of 
Sewers,  circa  1635,  in  Stonehouse's  Hist.  Isle  of  Axholme. 

"  They  made  several  cuts  or  artificial  rivers  from  16  to  100  feet  wide." 
Geo.  Pryme,  Autobiographic  Recollections,  p.  145. 

"  Some  valuable  cuts  and  rivers  had  been  made." — J.  M.  Heathcote, 
Reminiscences  of  Fen  and  Mere,  p.  24. 

CUT,  v.— To  castrate. 

CUT-GILT.— A  female  pig  that  has  had  the  ovaries  extracted. 

CUT-HOUSE. — A  place  where  fodder  is  cut  for  cattle  or  where 
cut-meat  (q.v.)  is  kept. 

"  He  discovered  some  oats  and  barley  hidden  in  the  cut-house  under 
some  oat  sheaves." — Gainsburgh  Times,  Feb.  2,  1880. 

CUTLASH.— A  cutlass. 

CUT-MEAT. — Hay,  oats  in  the  straw,  and  such  like,  cut  into 
short  lengths  for  cattle-food. 

CUTS. — A  carnage  used  for  conveying  timber.  It  consists  of 
two  pairs  of  wheels  with  a  long  pole  as  a  coupling  between 
them,  so  as  to  place  them  far  apart.  Waggon  wheels  are 
commonly  used  for  this  purpose. 

We're  goin'  wi'  th'  cuts  to  fetch  John  Bell's  wood  fra  Scawby  plantin'. 

CUTS,  TO  DRAW.— To  cast  lots  by  means  of  straws  cut  of 
unequal  length.  These  straws  are  held  in  the  closed  hand, 
and  the  person  who  draws  the  longest  straw  wins. 

We  can't  boath  on  us  tak  th'  laanes  to  year,  soa  we'll  draw  cuts  to  sea 
which  on  us  is  to  hev  'em, 

"  Let  se  now  who  shal  telle  the  first  tale, 
As  ever  mote  I  drinken  win  or  ale, 
Who  so  is  rebel  to  my  jugement 
Shal  pay  for  alle  that  by  the  way  is  spent. 
Now  draweth  cutte,  or  that  ye  forther  twinne 
He  which  that  hath  the  shortest  shal  beginne." 

Chaucer,  Prolog,  to  Cant.  Tales. 
"  Let  us  all  cutte  draw, 

And  then  is  none  begylt." 

Towneley  Mysteries,  p.  228. 

11  To  draw  cuts  is,  in  the  language  of  the  rustic  population,  to  draw 
lots." — Archcsologia,  vol.  xlii.,  p.  126. 

11  By  drawing  cuts  or  casting  lots."— Edw,  Ward,  Don  Quixote,  i.,  394. 


lo-i  MANLEY  ANt>  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

GUTTED  (kut-ed),  pt.  t.— Cut. 

Ther's  a  lass  been  an*  cutted  them  yung  trees  e1  th'  Panfield. 

CUTTEN,//— Cut. 

"  i've  cutten  my  sen  reight  thrif  my  boot  wi'  th1  little  fur-bill." 

CUTTER. — (i)  A  castrator.  Until  about  the  beginning  of  the 
reign  of  George  the  Third,  these  persons  used  to  carry  a 
horn  on  which  they  blew  when  entering  a  village  to  give 
notice  of  their  coming. — (Cf.  Hudibras,  part  ii.,  c.  ii.,  1.  610.) 
The  Horn  Inn,  at  Messingham,  derived  its  sign  from  a 
person  who  practised  this  art,  who  used  the  well-known 
badge  of  his  business  as  a  sign.  When  the  use  of  the  horn 
was  discontinued,  castrators  were  wont  to  indicate  their 
calling  by  a  small  horse-shoe  in  silver  or  white  metal, 
which  they  wore  stitched  on  the  front  of  the  hat.  This 
badge  was  common  until  quite  recently,  and  may  perhaps 
yet  be  seen. 

(2)  A  machine  for  cutting  hay,  oats  in  the  straw,  and  such 
like,  for  food  for  cattle. 

CUTTING-KNIFE.— A  large  knife  with  a  handle  set  at  right 
angles  to  the  blade ;  used  for  cutting  hay  from  stacks. 

"  She's  to  noa  moore  ewse  to  kitchen-wark  then  a  cuttin -knife  is  to  a 
swarm  o'  beas." 

CUT-WORK.— (i)  Open-work,  carving. 

(2)  Open-work  patterns  cut  in  flannel  or  other  textile  fabrics. 
"  I'll  make  Italian  cut-works  in  their  guts 
If  ever  I  return." 

Webster,  The  White  Devil. 

CUT  YOUR  LUCKY.  — Go  away!  An  order  of  instant 
dismissal. 

CUZEN  (kewzen). — A  strangely  dressed  or  odd-looking  person. 
What  a  cuzen  Phoebe  is,  she  gets  to  look  offiller  iv'ry  time  I  see  her. 

CYPHERING.— Arithmetic. 

CYPHER-UP,  v. — To  measure  a  person's  character  in  one's 
own  mind. 

I've  cyphered  up  that  gentleman  years  sin',  an'  wo'd  raayther  give  him 
five  shillin'  then  lend  him  a  sovr'in. 


MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  155 


DA. — Father.     A  child's  word. 

My  da  says  I  moant  plaay  wi'  matchis. 

DAB. — (i)  A  child's  pinafore. 

(2)  One  who  is  clever  at  anything. 

Fred's  real  dab  at  larnin. 

(3)  A  slight  blow. 

(4)  A  wipe  with  a  sponge  or  wet  cloth. 

DAB  HAND. — One  who  is  clever  at  any  kind  of  manual 
labour. 

He's  as  dab  a  hand  at  thacking  as  iver  I  seed. 

DAB  WASH. — The  washing  of  a  few  clothes  by  themselves  at 
a  time  distinct  from  the  washing-day. 

DACIOUS,  adj. — Audacious. 

Of  all  the  daacious  lads  I  iver  seed  oor  Sarah's  Bill's  th'  daaciousest. 

DACKER,  v. — (i)  To  waver,  to  shake  fitfully;  applied  to  the 
effects  of  high  wind  on  the  sails  of  ships,  on  trees,  or  on 
buildings. 

It  didn't  fall,  but  I  could  see  th1  chimla'  dacker  ivry  gust  that  caame 
e1  th'  big  wind  o'  Wissun  Monda'. 

(2)  To  equivocate. 

I  knew  he  was  leein,'  he  dacker'd  an'  slew'd  i'  his  talk. 

(3)  To  idle  about,  to  be  irregular. 

She  dackers  aboot  no  end,  if  I'm  not  runnin'  efter  her  noht  niver 
gets  dun. 

•'Dacker,  vox  in  agro  Lincoln,  usitata,  signficat  antem  vacillare, 
mi  tare." — Skinner,  Etymolog. 

(4)  To  have  relapses  in  sickness. 
DACK,  DACKY,  interject  The  call  for  pigs. 
DACKY-PIG,— A  child's  name  for  a  pig. 


1&6         MAXLEY  A^D  CORRJNGHAM  WORDS. 

DADDY-LONG-LEGS.— A  crane-fly. 

"The  crane  fly   or  daddy-long-legs." — Lloyd,   Science  of  Agriculture, 
p.  279. 

"Old  daddy-long-legs  would  n't  say  his  prayers — 
Take  him  by  the  right  leg, 
Take  him  by  the  left  leg, 
Take  him  by  both  legs, 
And  throw  him  down  stairs." 

Nursery  Rhyme. 

DAFFING,  pres.  part. — Jesting. 

She's  alus  daffin'  i'stead  o'  mindin'  her  vvark. 

DAFFY-DOWN-DILLY.-The  daffodil. 

The  fo'st  flooers  th'  bairn  seam'd  to  tak  noatice  on  was  th1  daffy -doon- 
dillies  that  grawd  anean  th'  crew-yard  wall  o'  th'  no'th  side  o'  th'  gardin 
them  he'd  pull  up  by  handsful. 

"  Daffy -doon-dilly's  cum'd  to  the  toon, 
I'  a  yaller  petty-coat  an'  a  grean  goon." 

Nursery  Rhyme. 

"  Strowe  mee  the  grownde  with  daffa-down-dillies, 
And  cowslips,  and  king-cups,  and  loved  lillies." 

Spencer,  Shep.  Cal.,  April,  140. 

DAFT,  DAFTED.— Foolish,  slightly  insane.  A  child  looks 
daft  or  dafted  when  it  is  bewildered,  scared,  or  unable  to 
answer  a  question. 

DALE. — A  division  in  an  open  field.  Norden's  Survey  ef  the 
Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1616,  furnishes  the  names  of 
many  of  these  dales.  In  the  parish  of  Messingham,  before 
the  enclosure,  "  When  any  person  had  six  lands  altogether 
it  was  called  a  dale." — Mackinnon  Ace.  of  Messingham 
(written  in  1825)  1880,  p.  18. 

DALLACKED,  DALLACKED-OUT,  //.  —  Over-dressed, 
dressed  in  gaudy  colours. 

Was  n't  sarvant  lasses  dallack' d-oot  at  Gainsb'r  Stattis! 

DAMNIFIED.— Injured. 

I've  been  damnified  a  matter  of  two  year  rent  thriff  th'  beck  bank 
braakin'. 

DAMP.— Rainy. 

DAMPER. — (i)  An  instrument  in  a  fire-place  used  for  closing 
a  flue. 

(2)  Anything  that  is  said  or  done  to  dispirit  another. 

DANCE. — When  a  person  has  had  to  go  from  place  to  place 
in  search  of  some  person  or  thing,  he  is  said  to  have  had 
"  a  fine  dance'"*  after  him  or  it. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  157 

DANDRIL.— (i)  A  knock,  a  blow. 

(2)  A  curved  stick  with  which  hockey  is  played. 

DANG  IT,  interjec.—A  form  of  oath  used  by  silly  people  who 
think  to  escape  sin  by  changing  the  final  letters  of  damn. 

DANGLE.— (i)  To  loiter. 

(2)  To  make  promiscuous  love. 

He's  alus  efter  th'  lasses.     If  a  broomstick  bed  a  head  an'  sum  petti- 
coats on,  he'd  be  danglin'  aboot  it. 

DANT  (dant),  v.— To  daunt. 

He  was  swearin'  shockin'  fer  onybody  t'  hear,  till  a  thunner-clap  cum 
an1  then  he  seam'd  clear  danted. 

"  Percussit  mihi  animum.     It  smote  me  to  the  heart ;  it  danted  me." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  12. 

DAR  (dar),  v.— To  dare. 

Don't  dar  me  to  it ;  when  I'm  mad  I  dar  do  oht. 

DARK,  adj.— (i)  A  secret. 

He  keeps  it  very  dark,  noabody  knaws  how  things  is,  barrin"  him  an' 
his  lawyer. 

(2)  Wicked. 

Thaay  saay  ther's  been  sum  dark  deeds  dun  theare  afooretime. 

DARK  BUSINESS.— Some  very  wicked  action. 

It  was  a  dark  &J 
knew,  but  him  as 


It  was  a  dark  business.     How  the  poor  lass  caame  by  her  end  noabody 
is  was  tried  for  it  did  not  do  the  deed. 


DARKEN  THE  DOOR.—"  Niver  darken  my  doors  ony  moore," 
i.e.,  never  come  inside  my  house  again.  The  strongest 
possible  form  of  letting  another  know  that  he  is  unwelcome. 

DARKLINS.— Twilight. 

DARKLINS,  adv.— Darkly. 

I  could  nobut  darklins  mak  oot  what  he  meant  ;  for  he's  hed  a  fit  an' 
talks  real  queer. 

DAR  N'T,  DARS  N'T.— Dare  not.     See  DAR. 

DARTY,  DATY,  adj.— Dirty. 

DASH. — The  internal  machinery  of  a  churn. 

DASH,  v.— To  thwart,  to  destroy. 

This  dashes  all  the  hoapes  I've  hed  o'  gettin  that  job. 

"  Out,  alas!  the  matter  is  dasht." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  210. 

DASH,  DASHBOARD.— The  splashboard  of  a  carriage. 


158          MANLEV  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

DASHT,  pp. — (i)  Shy,  timid,  as  a  dog  is  when  beaten. 
(2)  "  Well,  I'll  be  dasht,"  a  mild  form  of  imprecation. 

DATELESS,  rt^'.— Stupid,  having  the  faculties  failing  through 
age. 

DAUB  AND  STOWER.~-The  same  as  STUD  AND  MUD,  q.v. 

DAUBER. — A  builder  with  DAUB  AND  STOWER.  The  word  is 
perhaps  obsolete,  but  it  has  given  rise  to  a  not  uncommon 
surname. 

DAUBING. — Plastering  with  mud  or  clay. 

"The  seid  barn  is  ruinous  in  wallying  as  in  dawbyng  and  ground 
sillyng." — Survey  of  Priory  of  S  ha  dwell,  co.  Staff.,  temp.  Hen.  viij.,  i:\Mon. 
Angl.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  191. 

DAUBY,  adj.— Dirty. 

What  a  dauby  bairn  thoo  art. 

DAUL,  v.  a.— To  weary. 

If  thoo  walks  all  th'  waays  fra  here  to  Lincoln  an'  by  agean  thoo' 11 
daul  thy  sen  aboon  a  bit,  I  knaw. 

DAVID. — The  notice-board  that  used  to  be  fixed  on  the  singing 
gallery  in  churches,  to  shew  what  psalm  was  to  be  sung. 
It  sometimes  bore  a  representation  of  David  with  his  harp. 

DAVY.— An  affidavit. 

I'll  tak  my  davy  on  it  ivery  thod  wod  he  says  is  a  lee. 

DAW. — A  chattering  fool. 

What's  good  o'  listenin'  to  a  daw  like  that.  When  I  fall  oot  it's  wi' 
men,  not  wi'  maggits. 

"  And  with  that  he  turned  to  the  seid  John  Copyldyke  and  said 
tho  [u  art]  a  fool  and  a  da  we,  and  the  said  John  Copyldyke  answered, 
dawe  of  thy  hede." — Star  Chamber  Proceedings,  1533,  in  Pro.  Soc.  Ant., 
ij.  series,  vol.  iv.,  p.  321. 

DAWDLES.— An  idle  person. 

What  a  dawdles  thoo  art  sewerly. 

DAWKED  OUT,  #>.— Dressed  in  slovenly  finery. 

She  dawked  hersen  cot  aboon  a  bit,  just  like  them  herse-riding 
women. 

DAWKIN.— A  simpleton. 

DAWKY.— Over-dressed. 

Well,  that  lass  duz  look  dawhy ;  why  see,  she's  a  green  bonnit,  a 
violet  raerina  gcon,  an'  yalla'  ribbins  on,  the  dear-y  me. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  159 

DAVER,  v.— To  tremble. 

DAY. — "  The  lost  days  "  are  the  eleven  days  which  were  omitted 
when  the  new  style  was  introduced  in  1752.  The  day 
following  Wednesday  the  2nd  of  September  of  that  year 
being  called  Thursday  the  i4th. — (Bond's  Handy-book  of 
Rules  for  Verifying  Dates,  p.  10.) — Many  persons  have  not 
yet  forgiven  those  who  made  the  change,  as  it  has  thrown, 
say  they,  all  the  fairs  in  the  country  wrong.  Persons  who 
were  born  before  1752  were  never  weary  of  denouncing 
those  who  had  in  their  opinion  robbed  them  of  their 
birthdays. 

DAY-MAN. — A  labourer  hired  from  day  to  day,  not  a  regular 
hand. 

DAYSMAN. — An  arbitrator.  One  who  settled  the  amount  of 
work  each  man  in  a  gang  of  bankers  ought  to  do,  and  how 
much  of  the  sum  paid  for  the  whole  "  tak  "  his  share  should 
be.  I  myself  have  never  heard  the  word  used,  and  it  may 
possibly  now  be  obsolete ;  but  it  was  in  common  use  both 
in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  and  on  the  east  side  of  the  Trent, 
at  least  as  late  as  the  year  1825.  In  Brayley's  Graphic 
Illustrator,  1834,  P-  J4  (quoted  in  Notes  and  Queries,  j.  series, 
vol.  j.,  p.  267),  we  are  told  that  "  A  dais-man  is  still  a 
popular  term  for  an  arbitrator  in  the  North." 

"  Master  Elles  &  Master  Tryll  was  chossen  daysmen  to  make  anend  of 
a  matter  betwene  Rye.  Sowthey  &  Robt.  Tyndley." — Document,  1553, 
in  Jupp's  Hist,  Ace.  of  Comp.  of  Carpenters  cf  London,  p.  139. 

"Neither  is  there  any  dayes-man  betwixt  vs  that  might  lay  his- hand 
vpon  vs  both." — Bible,  authorised  version,  1634,  Job  ix-.  33- 
The  Geneva  version,  4*0.,  1615,  here  reads  "  Vmpire." 

"What  art  thou 

That  mak'st  thyselfe  his  dayesman,  to  prolong 
The  vengeaunce  prest  ?" 

Spencer,  Faerie  Queue,  ij.,  viij.,  xxviij. 

"  In  Switzerland  ....  they  had  some  common  arbitrators,  or 
dayesmen,  in  every  town." — Burton,  Anat.  Mel.,  vj.  ed.,  p.  50. 

"  They  have  made  me  vmpire  and  dates-man  betwixt  them." — Bernard, 
Terence,  p.  204. 

DAY-WORK. — Work  done  by  the  day  as  distinguished  from 
"  taken  work." 

DAZED,  ph.  t.  SLndpt.-(i)  Dazzled. 
The  lightnin'  clear  daazed  me. 

(2)  Astonished,  confused. 

I  thoht  heM  been  dead  years,  soa  when  he  cum  up  to  me  I  felt  clear 
daazed  an'  couldn't  speitk. 


100  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

DEAD  (de-h'd).— (i)  Dead. 

Billy's  dead  an'  th'  ohd  man's  e'  Mericay. 

(2)  Death. 

Them  foaks  as  starved  th'  bairn  to  dead  at  Gaainsb'r  bed  fifteen  year 
for  it.     I  wish  thaay'd  hing'd  'em  boath. 

"That  pey  receyue  in  forme  of  bred, 
Hyt  ys  goddes  body  pat  soffered  ded." 

My  re,  Instruc.  for  Parish  Priests 
(E.E.  T.  S.),  8. 

DEAD  AGE  AN. —Violently  opposed  to. 

She's   a   good   soort  o'    woman,  but  a  Papist,   an'  dead  agean  th1 
preachers. 

DEAD  AS  A  DOOR-NAIL. -Quite  dead.  The  author  of 
Piers  Plowman  tells  us 

41  pat  Fey  withouten  fait  is  febelore  pen  nou3t 
And  ded  as  a  dore-nail." 

Text  A.,  i.,  161. 
Ct.  Will  ofPalerne,  11.  628,  3396,  ii.,  Henry  VI.,  Act  iv.,  sc.  x. 

DEAD  HEDGE. — A  fence  made  of  dead  material,  commonly 
thorns,  sometimes  willows. 

DEAD  HERSE. — "Working  the  dead-herse"  is  taking  goods 
for  work  done  in  payment  of  money  ;  working  to  pay  off  a 
debt  to  the  person  who  employs  you. 

DEAD- LICE. — Vermin  which  sometimes  appear  on  a  corpse, 
or  on  the  dead  body  of  one  of  the  lower  animals. 

Th'  ohd  poany  goas  as  if  he'd  th1  dead-lice  crohlin'  oot  on  him. 

DEAD-LIFT.— When  a  man  puts  out  all  his  strength  to  do 
anything  he  is  said  to  do  it  at  the  dead-lift,  hence  anything 
of  very  great  hardship  is  a  dead-lift. 

DEAD  LOCK.— A  lock  the  key  of  which  is  lost. 
"  Key  to  dead  lock,  iod. " — Ironmonger's  Bill,  1887. 

DEADLY  (di-h'dli),  adj.  and  adc. — A  strong  superlative. 

He's  a  deadly  rogue. 
This  is  deadly  strong  tea. 

DEAD  MAN'S  FINGERS.— A  part  of  a  crab,  which  is  held 
to  be  unfit  for  food. 

DEAD  NETTLE.— The  stingless  nettle. 

DEAD  ON,  DEAD  UPON.— Very  energetic  about  or  against. 
He's  dead  on  been  a  injun  driver,  though  I've  said  a  deal  to  to'n  him 
fra'  it. 
Th'  young  Squire's  dead  upo'  th'  poulchers. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  161 

DEAD  RIPE.— Very  ripe. 

Them  plums  is  dead  ripe,  thaay  mun  be  gether'd  to  daay  or  the  wasps 
'11  hev  ivery  one. 

DEAD-STARVED.— To  be  so  cold  as  to  have  lost  the  use  of 
one's  limbs. 

I  was  that  dead-starved  cumin'  hoam  fra'  Brigg  on  Christmas  Eave 
'at  I  hardly  kna.w'd  wheare  I  was. 

DEAD-WALL. — A  wall  without  any  doors  or  windows  in  it. 
DEAF  (di-h'f),  «#.— Blighted,  empty. 

DEAF-EARS. — (i)  Blighted  ears  of  corn  that  have  no  grain 
in  them. 

(2)  The  auricles  of  the  heart. 

DEAF-EGG.— An  unfertilized  egg. 

It's  to  noa  good  settin'  thease  here  duck  eggs,  thaay'll  all  be  deaf.— 
G.  T.,  BottesfoYd,  1880. 

DEAF-NETTLE.— The  stingless  nettle. 
Deffe  nettylle. — Archangelus,  Prompt.  Parv. 

DEAF-NUT.— A  nut  without  a  kernel. 
DEAF-PAP.— A  cow's  pap  that  will  not  give  milk. 

DEAL. — Much,  a  great  quantity. 

He's  taa'en  a  deal  o1  doctor's  stuff,  bud  he's  noa  better. 
You  mun  gie  me  a  deal  o'  puddin' ;  I'm  that  hungry  I  could  eat  a 
hoss  wi'  his  saddle  on. 

"  The  fair  Diana,  whom  the  amorous  swains, 
Had  strove  to  vanquish  with  a  deal  of  pains." 

Roxburghe  Ballads,  v.  vi.,  p.  58. 

"  So  j>at  j>e  meste  del  of  heymen  ]>at  in  England  be)>, 
Be|>  yicome  of  ]>e  Normans." 

Rob.  of  Glouc.,  Chronicle  Ed.,  W,  A.  Wright, 
1.  7582. 

DEAL,  v.— To  distribute. 

Ther'  is  them  as  hes  gotten  it  to  saay  'at  he  duz  n't  deal  oot  the 
doiile  fairly. 

DEAL  DIFFERENT  TO.— Very  different  from. 

He's  a  deal  different  to  what  he  ewsed  to  be  afoore  he  caame  to  knaw 
that  offil  lass. 

DEAL  OF  DOING.—"  It  taks  a  deal  of  doiri,"  that  is,  it  is  a 
tedious  or  laborious  process. 
M 


1G2  MAXLEV  \ND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

DEAR  HAND. — A  tradesman  who  has  not  credit  with  those 
of  whom  he  purchases  his  wares,  but  who  has  to  buy  them 
in  small  quantities  just  when  he  wants  them,  is  said  to  buy 
at  the  dear  hand. 

DEARY,  adj.— Very  small. 

What  deary  little  apples  !     Thaay  're  not  noa  bigger  then  plums. 
I'll  hev  a  deary  sup  moore  tea,  if  ye  please. 

DEARY  ME,  DEARY  ME  TO  DAY,  interj.—An  expression 
of  surprise. 

Deary  me,  I  niver  can  expect  th1  poiist  bein'  so  laate  as  it  alus  is. 
Why,  deary  me  to  daay  it  raains  agean. 

DEATH  LAX. — The  diarrhrea  which  is  premonitory  of  death. 
We  knew  o'  Thursda'  he  couldn't  last  long  ;  he'd  th'  death  lax  so  bad. 

DEATH  THRAWS,  DEAD  THRAWS.— The  last  agony. 

DEATH'S  DOOR.— (i)  To  be  at  death's  door  is  to  be  very  near 
death. 

(2)  The  door  of  a  church  through  which  corpses  are  commonly 
carried  is  called  death's  door. 

"  The  north  or  Death's  door  of  a  church." — Arch^ologia,  vol.  ij.,  p.  49. 

DEE.— To  die. 

When  R.  .  .  .  E.  .  .  was  a  yung  man  an'  hed  his  health,  he 
ewst  for  to  saay  he  should  n't  think  noht  at  all  o*  deein\  an'  'at  when 
he  was  dead  he  should  be  dun  wi',  but  noo  he's  gotten  th'  rewmatics 
he  says  he's  straange  an'  scar'd  when  he  thinks  he  must  cum  to  dee  at 
last. — September  i,  1880. 

DEEK.— A  dyke. 

DEEP,  adj. — Cunning.  "  As  deep  as  a  well,"  "  As  deep  as 
Wilkes,"  "  As  deep  as  Garrick,"  are  common  expressions. 

DEEPNESS.— (i)  Depth. 

Noane  o'  them  wellsat  th1  Moors  is  moore  then  nine  or  ten  foot  e'  deepness. 
(2)  Cunning. 

For  deepness  he  passes  ony  body  I  iver  heard  tell  on. 

DELF,  DELFT.— (i)  A  drain  that  has  been  delved  (not  a 
natural  river),  a  pond,  clay-pit,  railway  cutting,  or  any 
other  large  hole  that  has  been  delved  out. 

"  For  setting  fences  and  cutting  a  del/,  14  days,  2£  2»-  "—Bottesford 
Moors  Accounts,  1812. 

"  Some  lesser  delfts,  the  fountain's  bottom  sounding, 
Draw  out  the  baser  streams." 

Phineas  Fletcher,  Purple-  Island,  ed.  1816,  iij.,  13. 

(2)  A  cut  at  the  back  of  an  embankment,  whence  the  earth 
has  been  obtained  for  forming  the  bank. 

(3)  Delft-wart. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  1G3 

DELF  CASE. — A  rack  for  holding  plates  and  dishes. 
DELIGHTSOME.— Delightful. 

I  went  on  a  trip  wi'  oor  Robbud  to  Scarborough  ;  it  is  a  deliglitsum 
plaace.  Thaay've  a  hoose  theare  wheare  ther'  's  all  th'  fishes  e'  th' 
wo'ld  e'  tubs  maade  o1  glass  ;  except  whaales,  an'  them  gret  hewge  soort 
o'  things. — Hannah  Todd,  Bottesford. 

DEM,  n.  and  v. — A  dam,  to  dam. 

I'd  as  soon  try  to  dem  Trent  up  wi'  a  dish-cloot. 
Theare  hed  niver  no  reight  to  be  a  dem  e'  Car  Dyke. 

DEMMIC,  DEMMUC.— (i)  An  epidemic. 

(2)  A  whitlow  or  thecal  abscess. 

(3)  The  potatoe  blight. 

DEMMUC,  r.— To  suffer  from  the  potatoe  blight. 

His  faather  went  off  in  a  decline  like,  an'  onybody  can  see  'at  he 
teks  efter  him.  He's  caaingin1  awaay  like  a  demmiick't  taatie. 

DENT.— A  dint. 
DENT,  v.— To  dint. 

DENTER.— An  indenture. 

Please,  sir,  we've  cum'd  to  ax  you  to  fill  up  thease  denters  atween  me 
an'  my  'prentis'. 

DEPART,  v.—To  die. 

It  was  a  sore  job ;  not  one  o'  his  bairns  was  nigh  him  .when  he 
departed,  it  came  soa  sudden. 

"  All  false  executores  )>at  maken  false  testamentes  and  despose  the 
goodes  of  him  Jjat  is  dede  oj>er  wise  than  his  will  was  at  his 
departyng." — Myrc,  Instruc.  for  Parish  Priests,  pp.  23,  83  (1502-3). 

"  John  Vavasour  of  Newton  is  departed  to  the  mercy  of  God,  sence 
ye  departed  from  home." — Plumpton  Corresp.,  p.  175  (1566). 

"  One  alter  stone  sold  to  William  Thixton,  and  he  caused  yt  to  be 
laideon  his  grave  when  he  departed,"  1566. — Peacock,  Line.  Ch.  Furniture, 
p.  121. 

"  Another  childe  beyond  the  Rhine,  saw  a  grave  opened  &  upon  the 
sight  of  a  carcase,  was  so  troubled  in  minde,  that  she  could  not  be 
comforted,  but  a  little  after  departed,  and  was  buried  by  it." — Rob. 
Burton,  Anatomy  of  Melancholy,  6th  Ed.,  1652,  p.  147.  In  the  2nd  Ed., 
1624,  p.  131,  the  word  died  is  used. 

DEPARTURE.— Death. 

DESARVE,  v.— Deserve. 

"  He  desarves  moore  then  he'll  get,  whativer  th'  justices  gives  him." 

DESPUT. — Desperate,  used  as  an  adverb. 

"  It's  a  desp'tt't'-tohd  daay  ;  I've  been  desj'u't  badly." 


104  MAN  LEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

DEVIL'S-BIT. — (i.)  Scabiosa  snccisa,  the  root  of  which  ends 
abruptly  as  if  bitten  off. 

(2.)  A  three-penny  piece.  So  called  because  proud  people 
will  not  give  copper  at  collections,  and  therefore  provide 
themselves  with  the  smallest  silver  coin  which  is  current. 

DEVIL'S  COACH-HORSE.— The  common  black  cocktail, 
Ocypus  olens. 

DEVIL'S  DUNG.— Assafoetida. 

DEVIL'S  TOE  NAIL.— The  Milncr's  Thumb,  q.v. 

DEWLISH,  ^'.  —  Low-spirited,  sad,  melancholy. — Isle  of 
Axholme.  See  DOWLY. 

DEW-RATE,  pp. — Said  of  flax  which  is  rated  (see  RATE)  on 
the  ground,  not  by  steeping  in  water. 

DIACLUM.— Diachylon  plaster. 
DIB. — A  child's  pinafore. 

DIBBLE,  v. — To  make  conical  holes  in  the  ground  for  receiving 
seeds  dropped  by  the  hand. 

I  reckon  dibblin'  is  far  afoore  barra'-drillin1  for  beans. 
A  woman  employed    ....    dibbling  beans. — Gentleman's  Mag., 
1799,  vol.  i.,  p.  392. 

DIBBLER. — (i)  An  iron  instrument  by  which  the  holes  are 
made  when  seeds  are  dibbled. 

(2)  A  man  who  makes  dibble  holes. 

DICE.— A  kind  of  slaty  clay  found  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme. 

"  The  slaty,  though  finer  grained,  is  not  so  easily  disintigrated.  The 
workmen  sometimes  call  it  dice,  probably  from  its  breaking,  on  exposure 
to  the  air  and  moisture,  into  cubizoidal  pieces. — Will.  Peck:  Ace.  of 
Isle  of  Axholme,  p.  14." 

DICK  ASS. — A  male  ass,  but  often  applied  to  the  female  also, 
whose  proper  designation  is  Jin  Ass. 

DICK'S  HAT  BAND.— «  It's  as  queer  as  Dick's  hat  band,  that 
went  nine  times  roond  an'  would  not  tie,"  said  of  any 
person  or  thing  which  it  is  well-nigh  impossible  to  manage. 
Common  in  the  greater  part  of  England. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  165 

DICKY.— (i)  The  loose  front  of  a  shirt. 
(2)  A  louse. 

DICKY-BO'9.— (i)  A  child's  name  for  a  bird. 

(2)  A  louse. 

I'm  sure,  bairn,  thoo's  gotten  dicky -bo' ds  e'  thy  head. 

DIFFER,  v.— To  quarrel. 

DIFFERENCE,  DIFFICULTY.— A  quarrel. 

DIG. — (i)  An  instrument  used  for  stubbing  up  loots,  more 
commonly  called  a  stub-dig.  "  As  straight  as  a  dig"  is  a 
common  proverbial  expression. 

(2)  The  trench  made  in  digging  out  rabbits. 

DIG,  v. — To  drive  in  ;  used  in  regard  of  driving  knowledge  into 
the  head  of  a  stupid  person. 

I've  tell'd  the  oher  an1  oher  agean,  an'  I  can't  dig  it  into  the. 

DIGHT  UP.— (i)  To  repair;  to  put  in  order. 

I  mun  hev  theaseyaates  an'  stohps  dighted  up  afoore  th'  steward  cums, 
or  mebbe  he'll  be  sayin'  summuts. 

(2)  To  be  clogged  up. 

That   sink-hoale's  fairly  dighted  up   wi'    muck ;    watter  weant  run 
doon  it. 

DILL. — Anethuni  Graveolens. 

"  Vervain  and  Dill, 

Hinder  witches  of  their  will." 
"  Trefoil,  vervain,  John's  wort  and  Dill, 

Hinder  witches  of  their  will." 

DILL,  v. — To  soothe,  to  ease  pain. 

We  fomented  him  wi1  lodlum  to  dill  his  paain. 

DILLY. — A  vehicle  used  for  removing  manure. 
DIMES,  5.  //.—Tithes  (obsolete) ;  used  by  Wyclif. 

DING.— A  blow. 

I'll  fetch  the  a  ding  oher  thy  head  if  ta  ses  anuther  wo'd. 


1(5G  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

DING,  v.,  DUNG,pt.  t.—(i)  To  strike,  to  dash  down. 

Ding  them  wedges  in,  that  '11  rive  her  ;  said  to  a  man  splitting  ash- 
tree  roots  for  fire- wood. 

(2)  To  talk  too  much  on  one  subject ;  to  babble. 

Doan't  ding  so  bairn. 

(3)  To  surpass. 

Well,  this  telegraphin'  dings  all  waays  o'  gooin1  on  I've  heard  tell  on. 

(4)  To  force  knowledge  into  the  head  of  a  stupid  person. 

DINGLE,  v.— To  tingle. 

I've  nettled  my  sen  an'  my  fingers  dingles  unbearable. 

DIP. — A   liquid  in  which  sheep  are  dipped   to  kill  fags  and 
lice. 

DIP-NET. — A  small  fishing-net  attached  to  a  willow  rod  bent 
into  a  circle,  and  affixed  to  a  long  handle. 

DIP  O'  TH'  KIT.— A  rustic  game  (obsolescent). 

DIRT-PIES. — (i)  Imitations  of  pies  made  by  children  out  of 
clay  or  road  dirt. 

I  will  learn  to  ride,  fence,  vault,  and  make  fortifications  in  dirt-pies. — 
Tho.  Otway,  The  Atheist,  Act  v.,  sc.  i. 

(2)  A  person  who  has  been  much  humiliated  is  said  to  have 
eaten  dirt-pie. 

DIRTY,  adj.-(i)  Mean,  dishonest. 

To  ax  for  anuther  man's  farm  oher  his  head  is  as  do'ty  an  action  as 
any  man  can  do,  let  him  try  his  best. 

(2)  Rainy. 

We're  hevin'  straange  do'ty  weather  this  harvist. 

DISCHARGE.— A  notice  to  quit. 

DISCHARGE,  v.— To  forbid. 

I  discharge  you  fra  iver  speakin'  to  oor  'Melia  ony  moore. 

Noo,  mind  my  lass,  you're  discharged  fra  readin'  them  Famla'  Heralds 
ony  moore ;  if  'ta  wants  to  read  ther's  thy  muther  Bible  an'  a  hymn 
book  up  ov  th'  parlour  taable  for  the. 

DISGEST,  i\— To  digest. 

DISHBINK. — A  rack  in  which  to  place  dishes  and  plates. 

DISH-CLOOT.— A  dish-cloth. 

"  Go  thy  waays  or  I'll  pin  a  dish-cloot  to  thy  tail  "  is  not  unfrequently 
said  to  men  and  boys  who  interfere  in  the  kitchen. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  167 

DISHED,  pp. — Cheated,  disappointed. 
"  A  consummation  greatly  wish'd 
By  nymphs  who  have  been  foully  dish'd. 

Nineteenth  Cent.,  Abellard  and  Heloisa,  1819,  p.  10. 

DISJECTED,  //.—Dejected. 

DISLOCATED.— Thrown  off  anything. 

I  said  I  hoaped  'at  Mr.  Fooler  didn't  goa  a  ridin1  on  one  o'  them  two- 
whealed  things  [a  bicycle],  for  if  he  did  he'd  kill  his  sen  ;  and  Alice 
she  says  "Noa,  but  he's  been  thrawn  off'n  his  'at  hes  three  wheals." 
Why,  I  says,  I  thoht  'at  noabody  could  be  dislocaated  off  on  them  theare 

DISMALS.— A  fit  of  melancholy. 

Theare's  noht  matter  wi'  her,  she's  nobut  gotten  th1  dismals. 

DISMIT,  //.—Dismissed. 
DISPRAISE. -Evil  words,  slander. 

DITCHWATER.— "  As  dead  as  ditchwatter."  ''As  dull  as 
ditchwatter."  Said  of  something  utterly  tasteless,  vapid,  or 
stupid.  There  seems  to  be  a  contrast  intended  between 
the  almost  stagnant  water  of  ditches  and  the  living  water 
of  running  streams  or  bubbling  springs. 

DITHER,  v.— To  shake  with  cold,  to  quiver,  to  tremble. 
Look  muther  how  that  jelly  dithers  when  I  shak  th'  taable. 
We  can't  get  noa  good  by  goin'  to  chech  when  we're  ditherin  an' 
shakin'  all  th'  time. 

"  Hark  !  started  are  some  lonely  strains; 

The  robin-bird  is  urg'd  to  song ; 
Of  chilly  evenings  he  complains, 

And  dithering  droops  his  ruffled  wing." 

John  Clare,  Autumn. 

DITHER-AN'-PLOP,  DITHER-CUM-PLOP,  DOLTHER- 
AN'-POP,  DITHERUM-SHAK.— Trembling  with  cold, 
trembling  like  a  jelly. 

I  was  all  o'  a  dit/ierum-shak  like  a  hot  egg-puddin'. 

DITHERS,  DITHERUMS.— Shaking  palsy;  paralysis  agitans. 

DIVIL.— The  devil.  Old-fashioned  people  at  the  end  of  the 
last  century  used  to  make  it  a  matter  of  conscience  when 
they  read  Holy  Scripture,  or  talked  on  religious  subjects, 
to  speak  of  the  devil ;  but  when  they  had  occasion  to  use 
the  word  in  oaths  or  in  talk  of  a  lighter  sort,  they  were 
careful  to  say  Divil. 

"  Some  sinners  lab'ring  to  be  civil 
Politely  call  the  devil,  divil" 

John  Brown,  Psyche,  1818,  p.  189. 

Proverb:  "What's  gotten  o'  th'  divil' s  back  goas  oot  under  his 
belly  ;"  that  is  what  is  gotten  wrongfully  soon  passes  away. 


168  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

DIVILMENT.— Mischief,  confusion. 

DIX'NERY.— A  dictionary. 

DIZEN  (deiz-n). — A  woman  dressed  in  slovenly  finery. 

DO  (doo),pl.  DOS  (doas).— A  doing. 

"  This  is  a  poor  do,"  signifies  that  something  has  turned  out  much  less 
successfully  than  was  hoped  for.  "A  grand  do  "  means  that  the  success 
was  great. 

Thaay  tell  me  chech  foaks  hed  a  straange  grand  do  at  Gainsb'r  when  th1 
bishop  cum'd  fra  Lincoln ;  bud  I  doant  hohd  wi'  such  like  carryin's  on 
mysen,  what  business  hes  clargymen,  as  hed  oht  to  knaw  better, 
a  dressin'  ther'sens  oot  like  a  lot  o'  idled  plew-jags. 

DO,  v. — (i)  To  grow,  to  increase,  to  improve. 

Them  tonups  hev  a  lot  to  do  yet,  squire,  afoore  thaay  're  a  crop. 
•    (2)  A  person  is  said  to  "  hev  ta'en  it  to  do  "  when  he  does 
anything  with  very  great  earnestness  or  determination. 

DOABLE.— Practicable. 

It's  liks  gooin1  to  th'  moon  it's  not  doable  no  how. 
If  he's  taa'en  it  under  hand,  he'll  do  it  if  it's  doable. 

DO  AWAY  WITH,  v.— To  destroy. 

Th'  screan  was  dun  awaay  with  in  Bottesford  Chech,  by  Dr.  Bayley. 
To  do  away  with  oneself  is  to  commit  suicide. 

DOBBIN.— An  old  horse. 

He's  worth  noht  in  a  waay  o'  speakin',  a  real  dobbin. 

DOCK,  v. — To  cut  off.  To  dock  sheep  is  to  cut  off  the  locks  of 
dirty  wool  from  them.  Cutting  foals'  or  lambs'  tails  is  docking 
them.  The  act  of  topping  a  clipped  hedge  is  called  docking. 

DOCKIN. — Various  species  oiRumex. 

"  The  reeds  they  grew  long  i'  the  warp  by  the  bank, 
An'  the  dockins  an'  mandraakes  an'  humlocks  soa  rank." 

Ralf.  Skirlaugh,  vol.  iii.,  p.  240. 

DOCTOR.  —  Anyone  who  practises  medicine  or  surgery, 
whether  he  be  legally  qualified  or  not.  A  child  in 
Winterton  school  being  asked  what  she  meant  by  "  false 
doctrine,"  replied,  "  curin'  foaks  badly." 

DOCTOR'S  SHOP.— A  surgery.  A  little  girl  being  asked  in 
the  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Sunday  School  what  kind  of  a  place 
the  temple  was,  replied,  "  A  doctor's  shop,  please  m'm." 
On  investigation  it  turned  out  that  she  had  recently  heard 
read  the  narrative  of  our  Lord  being  found  "  in  the  temple,' ' 
sitting  in  the  midst  of  the  doctors  (St.  Luke,  ch.  ii.,  v.  46), 
and  had  understood  the  doctors  there  mentioned  to  have 
been  persons  who  practised  medicine. 


AND   CORIUN'GtUM   WO&DS.  161) 

1  OCTOR'S  STUFF.— Medicine. 

I've  taa'en  as  much  doctor's  stuff  e'  my  time,  what  drink  an'  w,hat 
pills,  as  wo'd  fill  Bill  Summer's  stoan-pit  up  levil  by  th'  grund  awaay. 

DODIPOLL  (dod-ipoal).— A  blockhead. 

"  The  filthy  family  of  doting  dodypoles,  priests,  and  unlearned  lawyers." 
John  Bale,  Image  of  both  Churches  (Parker  Soc.),  p.  429. 

DOFF  AND  DON.— Having  two  suits  of  clothes,  one  off  and 
the  other  on. 

DO  FOR,  v. — To  attend  upon,  to  wait  upon. 

She  duzn't  keap  a  lass,  but  ther's  an  ohd  woman  cums  in  an'  duz  for 
her  two  or  three  times  a  weak. 

DOG. — (i)  Used  as  a  form  of  comparison. 
As  tired  as  a  dog. 
As  hungry  as  a  dog. 
As  stalled  as  a  dog. 
As  laame  as  a  dog. 
As  fierce  as  a  dog. 
As  mad  as  a  dog. 
As  mucky  as  a  dog. 
As  howerly  as  a  dog. 
As  sick  as  a  dog. 

(2)  Proverbs. 

"  Every  dog  has  his  day  and  bitch  her  afternoons." — Cf.  Hamlet,  Act 
v.,  sc.  i. 
As  pleased  as  a  dog  with  two  tails. 

DOG,  v. — (i)  To  chase  cattle  with  dogs. 

If  mares  an'  foals  was  well  dogged  when  thaay  get  into  toon  streats 
ther  wod  n't  be  soa  many  bairns  kick'd  to  dead  as  ther  is. 

William  Elvysh  was  fined  at  the  Bottesford  Manor  Court  in  1591, 
for  "dogging  beast  vicinorum  super  communem  pasturam." 

"Their  (sheep)  being  over-heated  in  being  .  .  .  dogged  to  their 
confinement." — Th.  Stone,  View  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  1794,  p.  62. 

(2)  To  tease. 

I'm  omust  dogg'd  to  dead  wi'  him,  he  cums  clartin'  about  ivery  day  as 
ther'  is. 

DOG  ABOUT,  v.— To  ill-treat,  "to  drive  from  pillar  to  post." 

DOG  CHEAP,  adj.— Very  cheap. 

He  boht  Greenhoe  dog  cheap,  not  moore  then  tho'tesn  poond  an  aacre. 
"  Grapes  were  dog  cheap" — N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  531. 

DOG  DAISY. — The  common  daisy. 

DOG-LEG. — A  carpenter's  tool.  A  kind  of  claw  used  for 
holding  a  piece  of  wood  firmly  on  a  bench.  "  As  crookled 
as  a  dog-le%,"  is  a  common  form  of  comparison.  It  probably 
refers  to  this  instrument,  not  to  the  leg  of  the  animal. 

DOG-LEG-STAIR-CASE.— A  stair  with  angular  turns  in  it, 


170  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

DOGMOUTH,  DOGMOOTH.— The  garden  snapdragon. 

Clergyman  :  "  Can  you  tell  me  anything  else  that  God  made  ? " 
Boy  aged  six:  "  Yes,  sir,  Marygohds,  Dogmooths,  an1  Lad-luv-lass." 

DOG-POOR.— Very  poor. 
DOG  ROSE. — The  wild  rose. 

DOG-SHELF.— Part  of  the  sole,  in  the  furrow,  left  in 
ploughing,  between  two  lands. 

DOG'S-NOSE.— A  cordial  drink  very  popular  in  the  beginning 
of  this  century. 

"  He  is  not  certain  whether  he  did  not  twice  a  week,  for  twenty  years, 
taste  dog's-nose,  which  your  committee  find,  upon  enquiry,  to  be  com- 
pounded of  warm  porter,  moist  sugar,  gin.  and  nutmeg  (a  groan,  and  'so  it 
is  ! '  from  an  elderly  female)."—  Dickens,  Pickwick  Papers,  ch.  xxxiij. 

DOG  TEETH.— The  large  teeth  of  a  horse. 

"The  dog  teeth  or  tusks."— Vegetius  Renatus,  Of  the  Distempers  of  Horses, 
1748,  p.  48. 

DOG  TIRED.— Very  tired. 

DOG  TRICK. — A  mischievous,  mean,  or  unworthy  action. 

DOG-WHIPPER.— Till  about  sixty  years  ago  almost  every 
church  had  an  official  so  named  whose  duty  it  was  to  drive 
dogs  out  of  the  church.  In  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 
date  not  given,  William  Dobson  performed  that  office  at 
Kirton-in-Lindsey.  In  1658  a  charge  of  2s.  for  dogs  whipping 
occurs,  and  in  1817  Robert  Robinson  charges  6s.  8d.  for 
performing  the  like  office.  I  have  not  been  able  to  trace  it 
further  in  that  parish.  In  a  plan  of  the  seats  in  Alkborough 
Church,  made  in  1781,  a  pew  near  the  south  door  is  marked 
"  the  dog-wipper."  In  Northorpe  Church,  until  about  seventy 
years  ago,  there  was  a  small  pew  on  the  south  side,  just 
within  the  chancel  arch,  known  as  the  Hall  Dog-Pew 
in  which  the  dogs  that  followed  the  author's  grandfather 
and  family  to  Church  were  imprisoned  during  Divine 
Service.  A  dog-iuhippey  is  still  appointed  at  Ecclesfield,  near 
Sheffield ;  there  he  is  called  the  ^-noper". — Eastwood, 
Hist.  Ecchsfield,  p.  219. 

The    Cartmel    Church    Accounts   for   1641,   contain   an   entry   of    a 

payment  of  four  shillings,  for  "  keepinge  doogs  furth  of  Churche  one 

year." — Stockdale,  Annals  of  Cartmell,  p.  64. 

In    The   Injunctions     .     .     .     of  Richard  Barnes,  Bishop   of   Durham 

(Surtees  Soc.),  under  the  year  1579,  it  is  recorded  that  at  Branspeth, 

Rouland  Bell  "  will  not  suffer  his  doge  to  be  whipped  out  of  the  Church 


MAULEY  AND  COR&INGHAM  WORDS.         l7l 

in  tine  of  devine  service,  but  kepithe  him  uppe  in  his  armes,  and 
gevithe  frowarde  words,"  p.  122. — Cf.  Notes  and  Queries,  v.  series,  vol. 
iv.,  p.  167. — Archtfologica,  vol.  xli.,  p.  365,  xlv.,  pp.  180,  182. — H. 
Edwards,  Coll.  of  Old  Eng.  Customs,  pp.  221,  222.  Cox  and  Hope,  Citron, 
of  All  Saints,  Derby,  p.  45. — Margerison,  Reg.  of  Par.  Church,  of 
Calverley,  vol.  ii.,  p.  18. 

DOHTER,— Daughter. 

DOING  ON.— Doing. 

I  can  do  as  well  agean  if  I  nobbut  knaw  what  I'm  djin'  on. 

DOINGS,  s.  pi. — Food  and  drink  ;  festivities. 

It  was  a  shabby  funeral,  ther'  was  straange  poor  doins'. 

DOIT.— A  jot,  a  tittle. 

I  doant  care  a  doit  for  him. 

DOLE,  v.— To  distribute  a  dole. 

DOLLOP.— A  large  quantity. 

Ther's  a  huge  dollop  o'  soot  cum'd  doon  th'  hoose  chimla'. 

DOLLUPS. — An  untidy  woman. 

She's  as  offil  a  dollups.  as  ony  man  could  leet  on  at  wean  Tindaale 
Bank  an'  Garthrup  Shore. 

DOLLY. — A  machine  for  washing  clothes. 
DOLLYING.— Washing  clothes  in  a  dolly. 

DO  MEN  T  (document). — A  rejoicing,  a  festivity,  or  other 
exciting  matter.  Sometimes,  though  rarely,  used  when 
the  cause  is  a  painful  one. 

Ther'll  be  a  fine  doment  when  yung     ....     cums  at  aage. 

Thaay  kicked  up  no  end  on  a  doment  'cos  thaay  thoht  as  .  .'  .  . 
was  lost,  when  he'd  nobut  missed  his  traain. 

I  thoht  when  I  heard  as  Mr warn't  cumin'  back,  'at 

ther'  wo'd  n't  be  noa  early  Sunda'  mornin'  doment  noa  moore.  The 
doment  here  mentioned  was  the  early  celebration. 

DONE,  v.— (i)  Put. 

Wheare  hes  ta  dun  it  ?     I've  been  lookin'  high  an'  low  for  it. 

(2)  Got  into  trouble  or  difficulty. 

Theare,  you've  dun  it  finely  noo  ;  it'll  be  a  justice  job  this  time. 

(3)  Beaten,  overcome. 

"  Go  at  it,  chaps,  I'm  dunt"  said  by  a  wounded  man  in  a  row. 

DONE  DOWN,  pp.— Overcooked. 

Them  chickens  is  so  dun  doon  thaay're  not  wo'th  eatin'. 

DONE  TO.— Put. 

I  can't  tell  wheare  th'  bairn  hes  dun  his  hat  to. 


172  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGILUf 

DONE  UP.— Wearied,  exhausted. 

I'd  hed  noht  to  eat  all  daay,  an'  was  fairly  dun  up  when  I  got  into  th' 
kitchen. 

DO  NOHT.— An  idle  person. 

She's  a  real  idled  do  noht;  like  a  fine  laady,  can't  dress  hersen  wi'oot 
helpin' 

DON'T  OUGHT.— Ought  not. 

You  dodii't  ought  to  read  newspaapers  upo1  Sunda's. 

DON'T  THINK.— Do  not  think.     Used  affirmatively  after  a 
negative. 

He'll  niver  do  noa  moore  good  to  noabody  I  dodii't  think. 

DON'T  WANT.— Should  not. 

You  dodn't  want  to  wear  yer  Sunda'  cloas  iv'ry  daay. 

DOOK. — A  handful.     It  seems  only  to  be  used  of  thatch,  straw, 
or  stubble. 

If  ther's  a  witch  ony  wheare  aboot  an'  ye'r  scar'd  'at  she'll  oherlook 
ye,  you  mun  goa  an'  pull  a  dook  o'  thack  oot  'n  her  hoose  eavins,  an1 
bo'n  it,  then  she  can't  do  noht  to  ye. — Hannah  Todd,  Bottesford, 
September  2,  1884. 

DOOM. — A  dome. 

DOOM,  v. — To  make  a  dome. 

A  well  is  best  to  be  doom'd  oher  with  brick,  leavin1  a  man-hoale  vvi"  a 
flag  oher  it. 

DOON.— See  DOWN. 

DOOR-CHEEK,  DOOR-JAMB,  DOOR-JAW.— A  door  post. 

"  After  taking  a  deliberate  peep  at  Scott  out  by  the  edge  of  the  door- 
cheek." — Lockhart,  Life  of  Scott,  chap.  vi. 

"  Strike  the  lintell  and  the  doore-cheekes  with  blood." — Exodus,  chap, 
xii.,  v,  22,  Geneva,  Version. 

"  The  lining  of  the  great  door -cheeks  were,  although  plain  work, 
accounted  as  wainscot." — Will.  Blnndell,  Crossby  Records,  p.  200. 

I  shall  alus  remember  Robert  Newton  preachin'  e'  oor  chapil,  for  I 
fetch'd  my  head  that  neet  such  an  a  clink  up  o'  th'  door-jaw  it  aached 
for  a  munth  efter. — Biirringkam,  1850. 

DOOR-SILL.— Door-threshold. 

DOOR-SLOT.— A  bar  of  a  door  which,  when  not  in  use,  slips 
into  a  horizontal  hole  in  the  wall. 

"  Taking  out  his  well-known  walking  cudgel  from  its  nook  beside  the 
door-slot.11 — Yorkshire  Mag.,  May,  1873,  p.  378. 

DOOR-STEAD.— Door-way. 
DOOR-STEP.— Threshold, 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  178 

DOOR-STONE. — The  large  stone  commonly  placed  at  the 
entrance  of  an  outer  door  ;  it  is  often  the  whole,  or  a 
part  of  an  old  mill-stone.  It  was  the  custom  to  leave  hollow 
spaces  under  door-stones  which  were  filled  with  broken  bits 
of  iron  for  the  sake  of  keeping  off  witches. 

BOOT.— A  doubt. 

DOOT,  v.—(i)  To  doubt. 

I  doot  I  shan't  find  it  ony  moore.  I've  look'd  high  and  low,  I  hev, 
bud  it's  to  noa  ewse. 

(2)   To  fear. 

I  doot  that  bull  very  much,  he'll  be  stickin'  sumbody  afoore  thaay'll 
tak  him  oot  o'  th'  Beaucliff  cloase. — Northorpe,  1848. 

"  The  which  people  were  greatly  doubted  in  battaile  or  warre,  for 
they  were  without  pyte,  and  dydde  eate  raw  fleshe  like  dogges." — Arthur 
of  Little  Britain,  ed.  1814,  p.  41. 

DOOTSOME.— Doubtful. 

I'm  not  clear  sewer,  but  I'm  very  dootsum  aboot  it. 
DO  OUT,  v.— (i)  To  wash  out,  rub  out,  obliterate. 

It's  seventy  year  sin  a  gell  brok"  a  blood-vessel  \vi'  dancin'  e'  Ketton 
Coort  Hoose,  an'  thaay've  niver  been  aable  to  do  oot  th'  marks  o'  th' 
blood  fra  that  daay  to  this. 

(2)  To  cleanse  a  stable  or  cow  shed. 

(3)  To  cheat. 

He's  dun  him  oot  o'  five  pund. 

'DOPT,  v.— To  adopt. 

DORCASSED.— Dressed  in  absurd  finery. 

She  was  dorcassed  oot  last  Brigg  Stattus  just  for  all  th'  warld  like  a 
Hull  street -walker. 

DORN. — Down.    The  seed  of  the  thistle  and  dandelion. 

Them  Butterwick  farmers  lets  ther  land  graw  ram  full  o'  thistles,  an' 
when  a  west  wind  cums  all  th'  dorn  blaws  up  o'  my  land,  an'  ivery  bit 
on  it  graws. 

DO'ST'A.— Durst  thou. 

Do'st'a  send  little  lad  all  waay  to  Lunnun  wi'  hissen. 

DO'T.— Dirt. 

DOT.— A  little  child. 

It's  a  dear  little  dot,  it  is. 

DOT  AN'  GO  ONE.— A  lame  person. 

"  He  rose  with  the  sun,  limping  dot  and  go  one." — Ingoldsby  Legends,  St. 

Nichilas. 


174  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

DO  THAT, — i.e.,  do  so.  A  meaningless  addition  to  a  sentence 
for  the  sake  of  emphasis. 

I'm  very  fond  o'  eggs  an'  baacon  ;  I  like  'em,  I  do  that. 

DO  TO  DEAD,  v.— To  kill. 

Thaay  did  th'  poor  bairn  to  dead  by  inches. 

•'  Done  to  death  by  slanderous  tongues  was  the  hero  that  here  lies." — 
Much  Ado  About  Nothing,  act  v.,  sc.  in. 

"  Onely  let  her  abstaine  from  cruelty, 
And  doe  me  not  before  my  time  to  dy." 

Spencer,  Sonnet  xlij. 

DOTTEREL.— A  dotard,  a  blockhead. 

"  Why,  then     ....     do  you  mocke  me  ye  dotrells,  saying  like 
children,  '  I  will  not,  I  will,  I  will,  I  will  not.'  " — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  423. 

DOTY,  adj.— Dirty. 

DOUBLE.— A  duplicate. 

She's  the  very  duble  o'  her  sister. 

This  here's  my  lease,  an'  th'  Squire  hes  th'  dubbk  on  it. 

DOUBLE,  v. — (i)  To  turn  about  as  a  hare  does  when  pursued 

by  dogs. 
(2)  To  prevaricate. 

DOUBLE-BEER,  DOUBLE  ALE.— Very  strong  beer. 

"  Ij.  stonds  of  dobyll  ale,  vjs.  viijd.     1560. — E.  B.  Jupp,  Hist.  Comp. 
Carpenters,  London,  p.  201. 

DOUBLE-RIBBED.— With  child  (obsolescent). 

"  Great  with  childe  she  is  by  him  ;  she  is  now  double-ribbed." — Bernard, 
Terence,  p.  18. 

DOUBLE-TONGUED,  adj.— Lying,  deceitful. 

DO  UP. — To  fasten  up. 

Do  up  Nell,  Sam,  she'll  be  worrying  them  hens. 

DOUT,  v.  (lit,  do  out). — To  extinguish  a  candle. 
DOUTER. — An  extinguisher. 

DOWDY. — An  ill-dressed  woman;  a  woman  dressed  in  old- 
fashioned  clothes. 

"  You  see  what  a  ragged  condition  I  am  ;  so  he  lets  me  go  like  a 
dowdy." — N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  159. 

DOWEL  (dou-el). — (i)  A  copper  or  iron  pin  used  for  fastening 
two  pieces  of  stone  together  by  making  a  hole  in  each  and 
inserting  the  dowel  therein, 

(2)  A  jack-to wek 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  175 

DOWEL,  v. — (i)  To  fasten  two  pieces  of  stone  together  by  a 

dowel, 
('2)  Futuo. 

DOWK  (douk),  v. — (i)  To  duck,  to  drench  with  water. 
(2)  To  hang  downwards. 

DOWK  ARSE. — A  breed  of  oxen  whose  spines  slant  much 
towards  the  tail. 

DOWLY,    DOWLISH    (douli),    adj.—  Weak,    wearied,    low- 
spirited,  sad,  melancholy. 

I  feel  real  dowly ;  I've  not  hed  no  sleiip  for  two  neets. 
I  hed  a  terrible  dowly  time  on  it. 

DOWN,  adj.— (i)  111. 

He's  doon  agean  wi'  th'  feaver. 

(2)  In  child-bed. 

It's  just  ten  year  sin1,  for  I  remember  it  was  when  my  missis  was 
doon  wi'  Martha. 

(3)  Dull,  languid,  in  low  spirits. 

I  met  Skinner  upo'  th'  Brumby  Road  yisterdaay,  an1  he  was  doon 
aboot  th'  Scotton  Common  enclosure.— March  30,  1878. 

(4)  Used  to  add  additional  force  to  the  sentence,   and  often 
preceded  by  "  real." 

You're  a  real  doon  good  hand  -wi"  yer  tung.  It  wo'ds  ud  addle  waages 
you'd  be  best  man  at  a  job  atwixt  Barton,  Watter-side,  an'  Lincoln. 

She's  gettin'  aaged,  but  she's  not  a  doon  ohd  woman  yit. — February 
12,  1880. 

DOWNCOMELY,  adj.— Ruinous. 

My  hoose  is  a  doonciimly  ohd  plaace. — Burton-on-Stather,  2ist  August, 
1867. 

DOWNFALL.— (i)  Rain,  snow. 

There'll  be  doonfall  afoore  long ;  all  th'  baacon's  ton'd  as  weet  as 
muck. 

(2)  Bad  luck,  misfortune. 

(3)  A  disease  in  cows. 

DOWrNFALLY.— Ruinous. 

DOWN-LIGGIN.— (i)  Lying  down. 

Fra  doon-liggin'  to  up-risin'  I  scarcelins  cloas'd  my  ees,  I've  been  that 
pestered  wi'  faace-aache. 

(2)  A  lying-in,  a  confinement. 
DOWN-POUR,— A  heavy  fall  of  rain. 


170  MAN'LEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

DOWN  TO  TH'  GROUND.— Quite,  entirely. 

To  be  "  suited  doon  to  th'  grund"  means  that  entire  satisfaction  has 
been  given. 

To  be  "  called  doon  to  th'  grund  "  means  that  all  possible  evil  things 
have  been  said. 

DOWSABELL.-  A  female  Christian  name. 
A  variety  of  Dukibella. — Winterton  Par.  Reg. 

DOWSE,  v.— To  drench  with  water. 

DOXY. — A  slovenly  girl  or  woman,  not  necessarily  one  of  bad 
repute.  See  Th.  Otway,  The  Atheist,  act  iii.,  sc.  i. 

DOZZEL  (doz-1).— (i)  A  staff  or  pole,  which  is  stuck  into  the 
top  of  a  stack,  to  which  the  thatch  is  bound.  It  is 
sometimes  gaudily  painted  and  surmounted  by  a  weather- 
cock in  the  form  of  a  fish,  bird,  fox,  or  man. 

(2)  A  prim,  stiff-looking  person  ;  a  person  oddly  dressed. 
DRAB,  v. — To  associate  with  harlots. 
DRABBLED,  adj.— Muddy,  wet. 
DRABBLE-TAIL.— A  slattern. 
DRAD,  //.—Dreaded. 

DRAFF.— (i)  The  grains  of  the  malt  left  after  brewing. 
(2)  Dregs,  rubbish. 

DRAG  (i)  An  agricultural  implement  drawn  by  horses,  used 
for  dragging  up  the  surface  of  the  ground. 

(2)  A  hand  instrument  used  for  dragging  up  turnips. 

(3)  A  large  iron  hook  with  a  strong  chain  attached,  used  when 
fires  happened  for  pulling  the  burning  thatch  from  build- 
ings.    As  thatched  houses  have  now  become  rare  these 
implements  have  gone  out  of  use. 

"  Delivered  to  Mr.  Gardiner  and  Mr.  Kent  xxs  to  provide  two  draggs 
and  buckets  for  the  vse  of  the  town." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1594. 

(4)  A  wooden  instrument  with  iron  teeth,  somewhat  like  a 
large  harrow.     Before  the  roads  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  were 
macadamized  drags  of  this  sort  were  used  for  levelling  them 
and  filling  in  the  ruts.     One  of  these  drags  existed  at  West 
Butterwick  until  about  the  year  1843  when  it  was  broken 
up. 

DRAGGLED,  adj.— Muddy,  wet. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  177 

DRAGGLETAIL.— A  dirty,  slovenly  girl. 

DRAKES'  FEET.— Early  purple  orchis— Orchis  mascula. 

DRAPE. — (i)  A  cow  whose  milk  has  gone. 

(2)  A  cow  that  has  missed  being  with  calf. 

(3)  An  ewe  whose  milk  has  gone. 

"  Fatten  the  old  drape  ewes  on  turnips." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric., 
1799.  P-  316. 

DRATE,  v.— To  drawl. 

DRATED,  pp.  as  adj.  —  Mournful,   slow,   spoken    of    music* 
See  DRATE. 

DRAW. — (i)  The  depth  which  a  spade  goes  in  digging. 

"  I  fun  that  theare  bell,  just  a  draw  deap  e'  what's  noo  th'  east  end  o' 
th'  gardin'." — John  Dent,  1855. 

(2)  A  spadeful  of  earth. 

Bill  chuck'd  a  draw  o'  muck  e'  Jim's  faace,  that  was  what  begun  it. 

DRAW,  v.— (i)  To  strain. 

Th'  sun's  drawn  that  door  all  to  one  side. 

He's  hed  a  stroak  as  hes  draw'd  his  faace  o'  one  side. 

(2)  To  separate  sheep  one  from  another ;  to  select  some  for 
market ;  to  cull  out  such  ewes  as  are  not  to  be  put  to  the 
ram. 

I'm  fair  alive  wi'  fags  ;  I've  been  drawin'  sheap  all  th'  mornin'. 

(3)  To  exhaust  land. 

"They  think  that  flax  draws  the  land  more  than  woad." — Arthur 
Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  197. 

(4)  To  stimulate  a  sore. 

Sugar  an'  soap's  a  very  drawin'  thing.    The  term  is  also  applied  to 
boots  when  they  make  the  feet  sore. 

DRAW-BORE-PIN.— An    iron   pin   used   by   carpenters   for 
drawing  tenons  tight. 

I  can't  remember  how  many  year  it  is  sin',  but  it  happen'd  th'  very 
time  as  Maason  clooted  Nichols  wi'  a  draw-bore-pin. 

DRAWED,  pt.  t.— Drew. 

I  draw'd  him  a  pint  o'  aale. 

Thaay  draw'd  the  Grayingham  cuver  twice,  bud  fun  noa  sign  on  a  fox. 

DRAW-WELL. — An  open  well  with   a  windlass,  by  aid  of 
which  the  water  is  drawn  up. 

DREAN.— A  drain. 


178  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

DREAP,  v. — To  drain ;  said  of  clothes  and  other  such  things 
saturated  with  water. 

Put  th'  umbrella  outside  th'  door  to  dredp. 

DREDGE. — A  harrow  made  by  fastening  bushy  thorns  to  a 
frame  of  wood. 

DREDGING-BOX,  DRIDGING-BOX.— A  tin  box  with  a 
perforated  lid,  used  for  scattering  flour  on  the  paste-board 
to  hinder  the  paste  from  sticking. 

DREEP,  v. — To  drop  slowly. 

Th'  waiter's  dreepin*  oot  o'  th'  tub  side. 

DRENCH-HORN.— See  DRINK-HORN. 
DRESSER. — A  winnowing  machine. 

DRESSING.— (i)  The  act  of  winnowing. 

(2)  Preparing  anything  for  use. 

If  you've  gotten  them  tonups  dressed  gie  'em  to  th'  kye. 
You  mun  dress  them  ducks  for  dinner. 

(3)  Removing  dirty  wool  from  sheep  ;  also  applying  sheep 
dressing  to  them  for  the  purpose  of  killing  parasites. 

(4)  Skinning,  disembowelling  and  cutting  up  an   animal  into 
joints. 

(5)  Applying  manure  to  land. 

(6)  Putting  a  solution  of  arsenic,  "  Farmers'  Friend,"  lime, 
soot,  or  any  such  thing  upon  seed  wheat  before  it  is  sown, 
for  the  purpose  of   hindering  the  crop   being  affected  by 
smut. 

(7)  The  act  of  cleaning  out  a  ditch  or  drain. 

"  Fir  cones  .  .  .  are  ye  easiest  to  be  met  with  uppon  digging  of 
new  dikes  or  ye  dressing  of  old  ones." — Letter  of  Abraham  de  la  Piyme, 
1701,  in  Archaologia,  vol.  xl.,  p.  228. 

(8)  Artificial  manure. 

(9)  Substances  used  for  killing  lice  in  the  wool  of  sheep. 

(10)  A  beating. 

My  wod,  I  will  give  you  a  dressin'  this  time,  an'  noii  mistaake ;  I've 
of'ens  teli'd  ye  aboot  it,  but  noo  it's  cumin'. 

DRIBBLE.— To  drop  slowly. 
It  just  dribbles  wi'  raain. 

DRIDGING-BOX.— See  DREDGING-BOX. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  179 

DRIED  UP. — A  person  is  dried  up  when  he  can  get  no  further 
credit  for  drink  at  any  public-house  in  the  neighbourhood. 

Oor  Jack's  clean  dried  up,  thaay  weant  trust  him  soa  much  as  a  gill  o' 
aale, 

DRIFT.— (i)  Meaning,  intention. 

I  could  sea  his  drift  well  enif  though  he  thoht  he'd  blinded  me. 

(2)  The  act  of  driving  the  cattle  on  an  open  common  into  one 
place  for  the  purpose  of  counting  them. 

"  The  Lord  is  entitled  to  make  one  drift  of  the  Commons  between 
May-day  and  Midsummer  in  order  to  ascertain  whose  cattle  are 
pasturing  thereon.  Persons  chosen  and  sworn  by  each  parish  may 
afterwards  make  drifts  as  often  as  they  think  proper." — Customs  of  the 
Manor  ofEpworth,  1766,  in  Stonehouse's  Hist,  of  Isle  of  Axliolme,  p.  145. 

(3)  An  unenclosed  road,  a  road  across  a  common,  mainly  used 
for  driving  cattle  (obsolescent). — Cf.   Mon.   Ang.,  vol.  ii., 
p.  122. 

DRIFT,  v. — To  drive  away  ;  to  turn  off. 

Drift  them  hens  oot  o'  that  yew  tree. 

You  maay  saay  as  you  like,  squire,  an1  I  shall  do  as  I  like.  If  I 
find  oot  that  ony  o'  my  laab'rers  voates  blew  I'll  drift  'em.  Said  to 
the  author  a  few  days  before  the  general  election  of  1885. 

DRIFT-HOLE. — An  underground  channel  for  conveying  water 
from  one  drain  to  another. 

DRILLMAN.— A  man  who  goes  with  a  drill  and  superintends 
the  operation  of  drilling  corn. 

"Wanted,  at  Michaelmas,  a  married  man,  with  small  family,  as 
working  foreman.  He  must  be  a  good  stacker,  thatcher,  and  drillman" — 
Stamford  Men.,  September  20,  1867. 

DRILL  ON. — To  keep  in  suspense. 

Thaay  behaaved  real  badly  to  Isaac  aboot  that  farm ;  thaay  drilled  him 
on  and  on,  and  then  let  it  oher  his  head  to  this  uther  chap. 
"  With  faint  resistence  let  her  drill  him  on, 
And  after  competent  delays  be  won." 

Congreve's  Trans,  of  Ovid's  Art  of  Love, 
bk.  iii.,  1.  752. 

DRINK.— A  drench  for  cattle. 

DRINK,  v. — To  give  a  drench.     See  above. 

As  soon  as  iver  I  get  hoam  I  shall  drink  all  th'  lambs. — Bottesford, 
June  9,  1887. 

DRINK-HORN,  DRENCH-HORN.— The  left  horn  of  a  cow, 
by  aid  of  which  a  drench  is  given  to  horses  and  cows. 

DRIN KINGS. — Beer  given  to  men  in  harvest,  or  when  corn  is 
being  threshed, 


180  M\NLEV    AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

DRIP,  DREEP,  DRIPE,  v.— To  drop. 
"  As  weet  as  drip,"  that  is  very  wet. 

DRIVING  THE  COMMON.— Driving  all  the  stock  on  a 
common  into  one  place  that  the  parochial  or  manorial 
authorities  may  find  out  if  any  of  them  have  infectious 
disorders,  or  if  any  one  holder  of  a  common-right  has  turned 
on  more  cattle  than  his  "  stint,"  or  if  any  "  foreigners"  (q.v.) 
have  turned  stock  thereupon. 

"  Some  of  the  inhabitants  of  Ashby  or  neighbouring  villages  had  got 
into  the  habit  of  putting  stock  into  the  commons  who  had  no  common- 
rights,  and  the  process  called  driving  the  common  was  resorted  to."- 
Affid.  of  James  Fowler  in  Beauchamp  v.  Winn,  1867. 

"  To  John  Browne  pynder  for  dryving  of  ye  felled  ijd.  " — Louth  Ch. 
Ace.,  circa  1548,  vol.  ii.,  p.  80. 

DROLL,  adj. — This  word,  though  it  occasionally  has  the 
ordinary  sense  of  laughable  or  odd,  more  commonly  signifies 
rude,  vulgar,  obstinate,  cruel,  or  unmanageable.  A  lad  at 
Messingham,  on  the  25th  of  August,  1877,  threw  half  a 
brick  at  his  master's  head,  because  he  was  bidden  by  him 
not  to  over-drive  the  horses  working  a  reaping-machine. 
The  brick  struck  the  farmer  on  the  face  and  hurt  him 
severely.  A  neighbour  who  was  narrating  the  circum- 
stances to  the  writer  said,  "  I  hoape  you'll  send  him  to 
Lincoln,  sir ;  he's  a  droll  lad  an'  wants  correctin'."  The 
notion  that  anything  funny  or  laughable  had  happened 
was  by  no  means  intended  to  be  conveyed  by  the  speaker. 
See  FUNNY. 

DROP. — A  small  quantity  of  liquid. 

I'll  just  goa  oher  to  th'  Horn  an'  get  a  drop  o'  gin,  I  shall  be  by  agean 
in  a  minnit. 

DROP,  V.'  a.— To  knock  down. 

It  was  th'  blaw  o'  th'  head  that  dropt  him. 

DROP-EGG. — An  egg  dropped  on  the  ground,  not  laid  in  a  nest. 

DROP-DRY.— Water-tight. 

Ther'  isn't  a  bed-room  i'  th'  hoose  that's  drop-dry  in  a  beatin'  raain. 

DROP  IT!  interj.— Cease! 

Noo,  then,  drop  it,  or  I'll  drop  you. 

DROP  ON.— (i)  To  come  on  suddenly. 

I  dropt  on  him  with  his  airms  roond  her  neck  i'  th'  pantry. 
(2)  To  beat,  to  punish. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM- WORDS.         181 

DROPPING.— Rainy. 

That  was  a  dropping  time,  that  was,  we'd  raain  daay  in  daay  oot  for  a 
munth. 

"  The  seed-time  was  dropping,  as  the  farmers  call  it." — R.  W.  Dicksoii, 
Practical  Agriculture,  1807,  vol.  ii.,  p.  52. 

DROPPINGS  OFF.— Deaths. 

There's  a  sight  o'  droppings  off  noo,  m'm. — Messingham,  Nov.,  1887, 

DROSS,  v.— (i)  To  win  all  a  playmate's  marbles. 
(2)  To  over-reach  another  in  a  bargain. 

S    .    .     .    hes  dross'd  R    .    .     .    oot  o'  all  his  brass, 

DROSSED  UP.— (i)  Broken. 

That  waggon  is  fairly  dross'd  up  at  last. 
(2)  Failed,  liquidated,  made  a  bankrupt. 

He's  fairly  dross'd  up  noo,  thaay've  sell'd  ivery  stick  and  stoan  he  heS. 

DROUGHT  (drout).— (i)  A  team  of  horses. 

Th'  droughts  went  'liverin'  this  mornin'. 
(2)  A  cart  horse. 

That  roand  mare  you  boht  o'  Harry  Drury,  is  as  fine  a  drought  as  is 
to  be  sean  e'  all  Linkisheere. 

"  No  cottiger  that  kepes  a  draught  in  somer  and  not  aible  to  kepe  the 
said  draught  in  wynter,  do  cari  any  turues  forth  to  any  other  townes  in 
somer." — Bottesford  Manor  Roll,  1572. 

DROVE. — An  unenclosed  road,  a  road  across  a  common, 
mainly  used  for  driving  cattle. — Cf.  Mon.  Ang.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  122. 

DROWND,^.  t.  and//'.,  DROWNDED.— To  drown. 

He  was  drownded  e'  Kidby  Canel  most  of  fo'ty  year  sin'. 
"  Helpe,  helpe,  or  else  I'm  drownded." — The  Baffled  Knight,  Percy's 
Relics,  ed.  1794,  vol.  ii.,  p.  350. 

"  Drowndead,  said  Mr.  Peggotty." — David  Copperfield,  ch.  iii. 

DROWNDED  LAND. — Land  that  has  been  flooded  by  water. 

"  There  is  much  drowned  lande,  neare  by  supposition  3,000  acres,  which 
mighte  without  great  difficultie  be  drayned." — Nor  den's  Survey  of  the 
Soke  of  Kirton-in-Lindsiy,  1616,  p.  17. 

"  Of  little  use  &  almost  constantly  drownded,'" — De  la  Pryme's  Hist,  of 
Winterton,  in  Archaologia,  vol.  xl.,  p.  240. 

"  The  drownded  lands,"  as  these  marshes  are  called." — Yorkshire  Mag.^ 
May,  1873,  p  377. 

"  Perhaps  in  this  treacherous  soil  the  ground  may  sink  when  it  is  what 
they  call  drowned." — Rob.  Southey's  Letters^  ed.  by  J.  W.  Water,  vol.  iv., 
p.  108. 

DROWNDED  MUTTON.— The  flesh  of  sheep  which  have 
been  drowned.  Often  eaten  in  the  farmer's  kitchen  or  sold 
to  his  labourers  at  a  low  price* 


182  MANLEY  .\ND  CORKING  HAM  WORDS. 

DRUGGISTER,  DRUGSTER.— A  druggist. 

I  desire  you  would  doe  so  much  as  goe  into  Lumbard  Street  to  one 
Mr.  Whyte,  a  dmgster. — Letter  ol  Anne  Barker,  1647,  in  Hist.  MSS. 
Com.  Rep.  v.,  p.  389. 

DRUNK  AS  A  PIG,  DRUNK  AS  A  BOILED  OWL, 
DRUNK  AS  A  LORD,  DRUNK  AS  DAVID'S  SOW, 
DRUNK  AS  MICE,  DRUNK  AS  SOOT,  DRUNK  AS 
A  BESOM,  DRUNK  AS  MUCK.— Very  drunk. 

It  was  gettin'  laate,  an'  hauf  on  us  was  as  drunk  as  mice. 

"  Some  wilbe  dronken  as  a  mouse."— Songs  and  Carols  of  Fifteenth  Cent., 
p.  90. 

"  Monckes  drynk  an  bowll  after  collacyon  till  ten  or  xii.  of  the  clock, 
and  cum  to  mattens  as  droncke  as  myss." — Beerley  to  Lord  Cromwell  in 
Wright's  Lett.  rel.  to  Suppression  of  Monasteries,  p.  133. 

"  We  faren  as  he  that  dronke  is  as  a  mous.'^ — Chancer,  KnigJites  Tale, 
1.  403. 

"  Thou  comest  home  as  dronken  as  a  mous." — Wif  of  Bathes  Tale. 

"Dronke  as  Rattes." — Occurs  in  Stubbs'  Anatomy  of  Abuses,  ed.  1836, 
pp.  122,  174. 

"  I've  been  waiting  for  him  till  I  don't  know  what  time  at  night,  as 
drunk  as  David's  sow ;  he  dees  nothing  but  lie  snoring  all  night  long  by 
my  side." — N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  160. 

DRU  V,  //.—Driven,  drove. 

When  I'd  druv  to  Spital,  I  baaited  my  herse. 

DRY.— (i)  Thirsty. 

I'm  as  dry  as  a  fish,  do  gie  us  a  drink  o'  aale. 

"  And  they  said  I  was  a  mery  gentylman,  desyeryng  me  to  gyve  theym 
xxd.  to  drynke,  for  they  wer  drye,  the  wether  was  whotte;  to  whome  I 
made  answer,  that  they  shuld  drynke  horspyse,  or  they  had  any  money 
of  me."—  Petition  of  Ric.  Troughton  in  Archceologia,  vol.  xxiii.,  p.  37. 

(2)  A  cow  that  has  ceased  to  give  milk  is  said  to  be  dry. 

"  It  would  prove  a  source  of  profit  to  a  farmer  ...  to  have 
three  or  more  cows  drv  at  one  time." — Treatise  on  Live  Stock,  1810,  p.  39. 

DRY,  v. — To  take  means  to  cause  a  cow  to  become  dry. 
DRY-HAND. — A  sarcastic  person. 

DRYING-DRINK.— A  drench  given  to  a  cow  to  stop  the  flow 
of  milk. 

DRY  PIPE.— Smoking  without  any  drink  thereto. 

I  can't  abide  a  dry  pipe,  its  like  salt  wi'  oot  ony  beaf  to  it. 

DRY  WALL.— A  wall  built  without  mortar. 

DUBBINGS,   s.  pi.  —  Evergreens    with   which   churches   and 
houses  are  decorated  at  Christmas* 


JvlANLEY   AND    CokRlNGHAM   WORDS.  183 

DUBBLER.— A  large  dish. 

"  With  wille  ful  egre, 

j?at  dishes  and  dobkres  befor  Jus  ilk  doctour, 
Were  (molten)  led  in  his  maw." 

Piers  Plowman,  B.  Text,  Pass,  xiii.,  1.  81. 

DUBBUT.— For  do  but. 

Dubbut  cum  hoame  lass,  an'  all  'all -be  reightled. 

DUCK. — A  linen  material  used  for  men's  summer  clothing. 
DUCK-COY. — A  decoy  for  taking  wild-ducks. 

DUCKEN. — Plural  of  duck  (obsolescent).  It  was  used  by  old 
Mrs.  Penn  who  lived  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  but  who  had 
spent  her  early  life  at  Laughton.  She  died  about  the  year 
1846,  aged  92. 

DUCKING. — Catching  wild-ducks.  It  now  means  shooting 
them  ;  in  former  times  they  were  taken  by  means  of  nets. 

"No  man  of  the  inhabitantes  of  Scoter  or  Scawthorpe  shall  fishe  nor 
goe  a  ducking,  within  the  lordes  seuerall  watters." — Scatter  Manor  Roll, 
1578. 

"  The  citizens  that  come  a  ducking  to  Islington  ponds." 

Ben  Jonson,  Every  Man  in  his  Humour,  Act  i.,  sc.  i. 

DUCKS. — The  effect  of  the  manners  of  fidgety  people  upon 
those  over  whom  they  have  power,  is  not  unaptly  compared 
to  the  nibbling  of  ducks.  A  girl  said  to  the  author,  of  a 
woman  with  whom  she  had  been  living  for  a  short  time  as 
servant,  "  I'd  raather  be  nibbled  to  dead  wi'  ducks  then  live 
with  Miss  P  She's  alus  a  natterin'." 

DUCKS    AND    DRAKES.— To    play     at     ducks    and    drakes 
is  to  throw  a  flat  stone,  or  any  such  like  thing,  over  water  so 
as  to  make  it  glance  along  the  surface.    When  this  is  done, 
the  following  jingle  is  repeated — 
A  duck  and  a  drake, 
And  a  penny  white  cake, 
And  a  skew  ball. 

DUCKSTONE. — A  game.  A  small  stone  is  placed  on  a  big 
one,  and  others  are  thrown  at  it. 

DUDS,  s.  pi. — Workmen's  tools,  clothes,  personal  possessions 
of  small  value. 

"  Clocke  dudes  "  are  mentioned  in  the  Louth  Church  Accounts  for  1501. 
They  were  probably  small  wheels  belonging  to  the  clock. 

There  was  a  place  for  the  sale  of  woollens  at  Stourbridge  Fair  called 
the  Duddery. — C.  Walford,  Fairs  Past  and  Present,  p.  77. 

DULBERT.— A  dull,  stupid  child. 


184  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

DULL  OF  HEARING.— Deaf. 

Ohd  woman,  ohd  woman, 

Thoo  mun  goa  shearin'  ; 
Noa,  maister,  noa, 

For  I'm  dull  o'  hear-in'. 

Ohd  woman,  ohd  woman, 

Thoo  mun  shear  or  thoo  mun  bind ; 
Noa,  maister,  noa, 

For,  you  see,  I'm  stoan  blind. 

Ohd  woman,  ohd  woman, 

Then  thoo  mun  goa  beg  ; 
Noa,  maister,  noa, 

For  I'm  laame  o'  my  leg. 

DULSOME.— Dull,  heavy  hearted. 
It's  dulsum  weather  for  August. 
He  looks  dulsum  noo  he's  cum'd  hoam. 

DUMP. — A  suffix  to  some  local  names,  as  Michlow  Dump, 
Pingle  Dump,  Wife-hill  Dump,  in  the  parish  of  Messingham. 
Mackinnon's  Ace.  of  Messingham,  p.  17. 

Mr.  Atkinson,  in  his  Glossary  of  the  Cleveland  Dialect,  explains  Dump 
to  mean  "  a  deep  hole  in  the  bed  of  a  river  or  pool  of  water." 

DUMPLING  DUST.— Flour. 
DUNCICAL.— Dunce-like. 
DUNDERHEAD.— A  block  head. 

"  'Tis  only  dunderhead's  and  sinners 
Who  basely  clamour  for  their  dinners." 

John  Brown,  Psyche,  1818,  p.  41. 

DUNG,  pi.  t.—Ot  Ding,  q.v. 

DUNK,  DUNKY.— (i)  An  ass. 

(2)  A  breed  of  short,  thick-set  pigs.  It  has  been  suggested 
that  this  word  is  a  corruption  of  Tonquin  ;  Messrs.  Miller 
and  Skertchly  suggest  Sw.  tung,  heavy,  thick,  gravid ; 
O.  N.  thung,  heavy ;  Prov.  Dan.  tmtn,  thick,  fat. — The 
Fenland,  p.  128. — Cf.  Tonkey  in  E.  D.  S.  Gloss.  B.  5. 

DUNKIRKS,  s.  //.—Pirates  irom  Dunkirk  (obsolete). 

"  To  a  traulier  the  xxiith  day  of  May  that  was  taken  with  Dunhirhes, 
iih'd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1629. — Cf.  Hist.  MSS.  Com.  Rep., 
iv.,  pp.  29,  36,  45,  47,  76,  79,  83,  no,  113,  114;  Webster,  Northward  Ho, 
Act  i.,  Sc.  3;  Rous,  Diary  (Camden  Soc.),  pp.  9,  55;  Buckle,  Misc. 
Works,  pp.  553,  572 ;  Gardner,  Hist.  Dunwich,  p.  19 ;  Husband,  Orders 
a'id  Dedar.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  261 ;  Rushworth,  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  iii.,  pt.  ii.,  pp. 
312,  556,  Commons  Journals,  vol.  i.,  p,  820, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  18§ 

DUNTY,  adj.-(i)  Stunted,  dwarfish. 
(2)  Of  a  dun  colour. 

DURMANT,  adj.— Dormant,  inactive. 

It's  my  opinion  that  Miss  .  .  .  was  niver  cutten  oot  fer  to  be 
durmant,  she  must  be  a  doin1 

An  old  man  after  he  became  blind  remarked  sadly  of  his  old  bass- 
fiddle,  "  She's  durmant  noo." 

DURST'A  (durstaa-).— Durst  thou. 

Durst' a  go  thrif  oor  chech  yard  at  neet  ?  Noa,  I  should  be  scar'd  ; 
dost  thoo  ? 

DUST. — (i)  A  quarrel,  an  uproar,  confusion. 
He  kick'd  up  a  dust  all  aboot  noht. 

(2)  Small  coal,  blacksmith's  slack. 

(3)  Money. 

Doon  with  th'  dust,  that  is,   put  down  the  money. 

DUST,  v.— To  cheat. 

He  dusted  him  wi'  that  badly  coo. 

DUTCH. — Unintelligible  language. 
What  he  said  was  all  Dutch  to  me. 

DUTHER,  v.— To  shake  with  cold.     See  DITHER. 

DWINE,  v.— To  dwindle. 

Poor  lass  she's  dwinin'  awaay  all  to  noht. 

DWINNEL,  v.— To  dwindle. 

DYKE  (deik).— (i)  A  ditch  or  drain.  Mr.  William  Hall,  when 
mayor  of  Hull,  was  shooting  wild-ducks  on  his  property  on 
Ashby  Moors.  He  slipped  into  a  warping  drain  and  was  on 
the  point  of  being  drowned  by  the  rising  tide  when  Jonathan 
Berridge,  an  Ashby  carpenter,  rescued  him.  The  mayor 
gave  his  preserver  sixpence  for  his  trouble,  who  pocketted 
the  coin,  saying  as  he  did  so  "  I  thoh't  a  mare  wo'd  be 
wo'th  five  shillin',  we  alus  hev  hauf-a-croon  for  pullin'  a 
foal  oot  on  a  dyke. 

"  Here  winds  the  dyke  where  oft  we  jump'd  across !" 

John  Clare,  Childish  Recollections. 

(2)  A  natural  lakelet,  mere,  or  pond — as  Shawn  Dyke, 
formerly  on  Brumby  Common ;  Wellicar  Dyke,  a  mere  on 
Messingham  East  Common,  drained  at  the  enclosure. 


186  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHANI    WOkDS. 

DYKE,  v.—(i)  To  dig  a  ditch. 

(2)  To   put   hemp   or   flax   in   water  to  steep.     See  Arthur 
Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  164. 

(3)  An  animal  which  has  got  into  a  ditch,  and  is  unable  to 
escape  from  it,  is  said 'to- be  dyked. 

DYKEGRAVE,     DYKEREVE.— A    manorial    or    parochial 
officer,  whose  duty  it  is  to  superintend  the  dykes. 

"  Of  John  Slater  and  William  ~E\\ysdykegreaves  for  not  executing  their 
office  viijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Fine  Roll,  1637. 

" Digmve  .  .  .  '.  exactor  pecuniarum  ad  fossas  purgandas  et 
aggeres  reparandos  contributarum." — Skinner,  Etymologicon. 

DYKER. — A  man  who  makes  or  cleanses  dykes. 

Dyheres  and  delueres. — Pier's  Plowman,  B.  text  prol.,  1.  223. 

DYKING  (deik-in).— (i)  A  small  dyke. 

I'd  raather  be  droonded  in  a  dykin  boddom  then  marry  thee,  thoo 
mangy  whore. 

(2)  The  act  of  cleansing  a  dyke. 

John  Skinner  hes  twenty-three  daays  o'  dykin. 

DYMONITE.— Dynamite. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRlNGHAM  WORDS.  187 


£?  prepm — ln  «  £'  that  how,"  in  that  manner. 
Sarah's  brokken  a  plaate  slap  e'  two. 

EAGER,  EGRE.— See  AGER. 

'EAR.— Year. 

Last  'ear  was  cohd  an'  weet  an'  all. 

EARAND  (eerund). — Errand. 

EARBRED  (eer-bred). — The  piece  of  wood  at  the  bottom  of  a 
cart  or  waggon,  in  the  front  and  back,  into  which  the 
slots  go. 

EARDEN  (eerd'n),  adj. — Earthen,  earthenware. 
An  ear  den  pot. 

EARDLY  (eerd-li),  adj.—(i)  Early. 

(2)  Unusually  large,  unwieldly — as  a  gret  eardly  tonup. 

EARLS. — Earnest  money. 

"  Thomas  Sheppard,  John  Oxley,  and  David  Hill  took  12  acres  2  roods 
of  wheat  at  8s.  6d.  per  acre,  and  2s.6d.  for  earls." — Northorpe  Farm  Ace., 
1789. 

EARN  (ern),  v. — To  curdle  with  rennet. 

EARNEST  (enrest). — Money  given  to  fasten  a  bargain. 

EARNING  (ern-in),  EARNING-SKIN.— Rennet  used  for 
making  cheese. 

"  A  calf-head  and  a  piece  of  earning  skin" — Family  Ace.  Booh,  1778. 

EARS  WARMED.— (i)  To  get  enough  or  more  than  enough 
to  drink. 

I'll  uphohd  it  thaay've  getten  their  ears  warmed  rarely. 
(2)  To  have  the  ears  boxed. 

I'll  warm  thy  ears  for  th',  if  ta  duz  n't  euhi  oot  o'  that  muck, 


188  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

EARTH,  EATH,  v.— To  cover  with  earth. 

You  mun  set  all  ban's  on  to  earth  th'  taaties  tomorra1,  we  shall  hev 
frost  cumin'  else,  afoore  thaay're  taa'en  care  on. 

EASE  ONE'S  SELF.— To  relieve  the  bowels. 

"  Master  Suthcoat  desired  libertie  to  ease  him  self e,  and  two  musquetiers 
conveyed  him  downe  staires  to  an  house  of  office." — A  True  and  Byiefe 
Rel.  how  ....  the  Isle  of  Wight  was  secured  in  August,  1642,  p.  3. 

EASEMENT.— (i)  A  relief  from  pain. 

I've  taa'en  poonds  wo'th  o'  doctors'  stuff,  but  can't  git  noa  easement. 
(2)  Evacuation. 

EASINGS.— (i)  Dung. 
(2)  The  eaves  of  a  building. 

EAST.— Yeast. 
EATH  (i-h'th).— Earth. 
EATH,  v.— See  EARTH. 

EAT  AWAY,  v. — To  destroy,  consume. 

Th'  rust  hes  eaten  thease  furk  tines  clean  awaay. 

It's  noa  ewse  sawin'  barley  up  o'  that  theare  land  o'  Chaafor's,  th' 
wicks  is  sewer  to  eat  it  all  awaay. — Bottesford,  Oct.,  1887. 

EAT  THEIR  HEADS  OFF.— Cattle  bought  at  too  high  a 
price  are  said  to  be  sure  to  eat  the'r  heads  off. 

EAU,  pronounced  EA. — A  river  which  falls  into  the  Trent,  in 
the  parish  of  Scotter.  In  a  lease  granted  of  the  Manor  of 
Scotter,  dated  1537,  it  is  called  the  Ee.  The  spelling  tau 
is  undoubtedly  false,  and  due  to  the  notion  that  the  word 
is  French.  It  is  really  the  A.  S.  Ea,  a  stream. 

EAVES  DROPPER.— One  who  listens  at  doors  and  windows. 

It  was  formerly  the  duty  of  the  jury  of  the  Manor  Court  to  enquire 
for  and  fine  eves  droppers. — See  John  Wilkinson's  Method  for  the  Keeping 
of  a  Court  Leet,  1638,  p.  120 ;  William  Sheppard,  Covrt  Keepers  Guide, 
1650,  p.  48;  Giles  Jacob,  Complete  Court  Keeper,  i78i,  p.  34. 

"Johannes  Jonson  (husbandman),  Henricus  Lucy,  Radulphus 
Ormesbe,  Johannes  Hegge,  Wilelmus  Helyfeld,  Ricardus  Webster, 
sunt  communes  night  stalkers  &  ewys  droppers  tempore  incongruo  in 
nocte." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Manor  Roll,  1493. 

EAVINGS.— The  eaves  of  a  building. 

A  little  mouse 
Streight  she  presents  on  th'  evins  of  the  house. 

Ogilby's  sEsop's  Fables,  1665,  p.  187, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  189 

ED. — This  termination  of  the  preterite  is  often  left  out. 

Maister  R.,  when  he  was  corrected,  he  alus  stunt ;  but  Maister  J,, 
oh,  how  he  stamp. — Winterton. 

EDDISH. — The  grass  that  grows  after  the  hay- crop  is  cut. 

"  The  husbandmen  or  any  others  that  are  employed  or  concerned  in 
loading  the  hay  out  of  ....  Humble  Car  shall  not,  with  their 
cattle,  willingly  and  wilfully  eate  up  the  eddish  of  the  said  meadow."— 
Gainsburgh  Manor  Records,  in  Stark's  Hist,  of  Gainsburgh,  p.  189. 

"  Twenty-one  acres  of  eddish  to  be  stocked  with  beast  and  sheep,  until 
the  i3th  day  of  November  next.  Apply  to  S.  Howard,  Auctioneer, 
Kirton-in-Lindsey." — Gainsburgh  News,  6th  July,  1867. 

"  They  had  been  kept  upon  the  eddish  or  after-grass  of  lands,  which  in 
the  same  year  had  been  mown." — Th.  Bateman,  Treatise  on  Agistment 
Tithe,  1778,  p.  15  ;  Cf.  Arthur  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  pp.  162,  164  ; 
Seebohm,  English  Village  Community,  pp.  377,  378,  379." 

EEL-LEAP. — An  eel-trap  made  of  wicker-work.  Mid.  Eng. 
lepe,  a  basket.  An  engraving  of  an  eel-leap  is  given  in 
Seebohm's  English  Village  Community,  p.  152. 

EEL-TRUNK.— A  box  with  holes  in  it,  in  which  eels  are  kept 
alive  till  wanted  for  the  table. 

E'EN  (een). — Evening. 

EEN,  EES  (een,  eez),  s.  pi. — Eyes. 

EFT.— A  lizard  or  newt. 

EFTER,  prep.— (i)  After. 

(2)  Engaged  in  doing. 

I  could  tell  what  he  was  efter,  though  he  kep'  very  squat. 

(3)  According  to,  in  the  manner  of. 

He  said  his  peace  wo'd  for  wo'd  efter  th'  book. 

EFTERNOON.— Afternoon. 

EGRIMONY. — Agrimony,  used  for  making  egrimony  tea. 

EH.— See  A. 

EH  (ai),  interjec. — Ah,  oh. 

Eh,  but  she  was  a  bonny  lass,  th1  flooer  o'  'em  all. 

EIGHTEENER.— An  eighteen-gallon  cask. 

EL  ATS  (ee  lats). — Exclamation  used  in  setting  dogs  on  any- 
thing. A  contraction  of  "  Heigh  lads." 


190  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ELBOW.  —  (i)  An  angular  turn  in  a  bar  of  iron. 

(2)  The  conical  hollow  in  the  bottom  of  a  wine-bottle.  It  is 
commonly  believed  that  these  hollows  are  formed  by  the 
glass  blowers  putting  their  elbows  into  the  bottom  of  the 
bottle  while  the  glass  is  soft, 

ELBOW  GREASE.—  Energetic  manual  labour. 

It's  all  reight  noo,  an*  wants  noht  bud  elbow  grease  to  mak'  it  trundle  ; 
said  by  a  carpenter  of  a  wheel-barrow  which  he  had  mended. 

"  It  had  no  elbow  grease  bestowed  on  't.  Nee  demorsos  sapit 
ungues."—  Adam  Littleton,  Lat.  Diet.,  1735,  sub.  voc. 

ELDER.  —  The  udder  of  a  cow,  mare,  or  sheep. 

Aw,  Timothy,  poor  senseless  cauves  bunches  the'r  muthers'  elders, 
but  bairns  like  thee,  it's  the'r  muthers'  hearts  thaay  bunches. 

ELDER-ROB.—  A  preserve  made  of  elder-berries. 

ELDIN,  FIRE-ELDIN.—  Wood  for  fires;    small   sticks   for 
lighting  fires. 

You  mun  thank  my  laady  for  letting  me  gether  th'  eldin  e'  th 
woods.  —  Scawby,  circa  1855. 

It  is  n't  fit  for  naaither  hedge-staake  nor  eldin"  said  of  something 
quite  worthless. 

Jewbilee-daay  —  doan't  talk  to  me  o'  yer  jewbileein'  ;  what  I  saay  is 
"at  ther's  scoores  o'  foaks  hed  n't  bread  for  the'r  bairns,  nor  fire-el  din 
to  keep  'em  warm  wi'  last  winter,  an'  mebbe  thaay'll  be  e'  that  fix 
agean  when  next  cums.  Why  doant  thaay  pot  what  thaay've  scratted 
together  e'  th'  bank  e'stead  o'  flingin'  it  awaays  that  fashion.  —  H.  T. 
Bottesford,  June,  1887. 

"  To  blind  Sutton  wife  for  elding."  —  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1648. 

"  Eldin  &  stocks  &  blocks,  IQS  —  Inventory  of  Francis  Gunnas  of  Keadby, 


A  correspondent  informs  me  that  the  word  eldin  may  still  be  heard 
in  the  remoter  nooks  of  Lancashire,  and  on  the  moorlands  between 
Lancashire  and  Yorkshire.  —  Cf.  Notes  and  Queries,  iv.  series,  vol.  xi., 
p.  454  ;  Atkinson's  Cleveland  Gloss,,  sub.  voc. 

ELEM  (el-urn).—  The  elm. 

ELLER.—  The  elder. 

I  ewsed  to  hev  a  eller  that  grew  white  berries  at  th'  Moors,  bud  it's 
dead  noo. 

"  Yt  ys  ordred  that  none  of  thinhabytantes  of  the  town  of  East- 
butterwycke  shall  cutt  down  nor  gyt  no  ellers."  —  Scatter  Manor  Roll. 
1556. 

"  Judas  he  iaped  with  iuwen  siluer, 
And  sithen  on  an  eller  honged  hym  after." 

Pier's  Plowman,  B.  text,  pass,  i,  1.  68. 

ELLER-PILE.  —  An  arrow  point  made  of  elder,  used  by  boys. 
ELSIE,  ELSEY.—Alice. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  191 

ELSIN. — A  shoemaker's  awl. 

"  Elssen,    an    aule,   a    shoemaker's    aule." — Hexham,   Nethenluytchc 
Dictionarie,  1660. 

END. — (i)  "  Set  my  end  in,"  i.e.,  begin  my  sewing  for  me,  is  a 
common  request  of  little  girls  of  their  mothers. 

(2)  "He  duz  n't  care  what  end  cums  fo'st,"  i.e,,  he  is  utterly 
careless  or  wasteful. 

(3)  Death, 

It's  no  ewse  mindin'  what  th'  doctor  says,  I  knaw  it's  cum'd  for 
my  end. — Yaddlethorpe,  January,  1887. 

END,  v. — (i)  To  spoil,  to  make  an  end  of. 

I  ewsed  to  hev  sum  carved  oak  pannils  wi'  men  an'  bo'ds  on  'em, 
but  th'  bairns  ended  'em  all  by  makkin'  rabbit-hooses  on  'em. 

(2)  To  "sit  up  on  end"  or  "oher  end,"  is  to  sit  upright,  as 
contrasted  with  lying  down. 

He  hes  not  been  oher  end  thease  three  weaks,   said  of  a  person 
confined  to  bed. 

(3)  To  commit  suicide  or  kill  one's  self  by  drink  or  narcotics. 

I  knew  he  wodn't  last  long,  but  I  did  n't  think  he'd  end  his  sen  e'  this 
how. 

ENDARDS,  adv. — Forward,  onward. 

Goa  endards,  sir,  goa  endards,  said  when  one  man  gives  place  to  another 
in  entering  a  door. 

ENDEAVOUR,  v.— To  work. 

He's  endeavoured  for  his  livin'  well ;  thaay  saay  he's  saaved  fifty  pund. 

ENDEAVOURING,  adj.— Active,  energetic. 
I've  been  a  real  endeavourin'  man  all  my  life. 

ENDLONG,  adv.  and  prep. — Directly  forward  in  the  direction 
of  a  road,  river,  furrow,  &c. 

Go  for'ads  endlong  an'  you  can't  get  oot  o'  th'  road. 

Th'  ramper  runs  endlong  stright  awaay  fra  Appleby  to  Lincoln. 

"Her  walk  was  endlong  Gretaside." — Roheby,  Note  3,  B. 

ENDS  AND  SIDES,  ALL.— What  he  likes  is  to  hev  foaks 
waaitin'  on  him  all  ends  an'  sides,  bud  he  weant  get  it,  fer 
doctor's  said  particler  'at  he  is  n't  to  be  incorriged  e'  thinkin' 
'at  noabody  hes  n't  noht  to  do  bud  run  efter  him. — Bottesford, 
March,  1887. 

ENEW,  adj.  pi. — Enough,  sufficient. 

We've  e.new  craws  (to  stock  Manby  woods  wi'. 


192  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ENGLISH. — Coloured  snail  shells,  as  distinguished  from  those 
nearly  white.  Coloured  butterflies,  as  distinguished  from 
white  ones.  A  schoolboy's  term.  During  the  long  war 
with  France,  children  used  to  kill  all  the  white  butterflies 
they  could  find,  looking  on  them  as  symbols  of  the  French. 

ENIF,  adj.-(i)  Enough. 

We'd  enif  dry  weather  for  oht  last  summer. 

(2)  Sufficiently  cooked. 

Gentlefoaks  likes  the'r  meat  rear,  bud  I  like  mine  to  be  dun  till  it's 
enif.  See  KNEW. 

ENJOY.— Endure. 

She  enjoys  very  bad  health  noo. — Scatter,  1884. 

"  My  mother  had  enjoyed  but  a  weak  state  of  health  some  time  before 
my  father's  death." — Will  Stukeley,  1720,  in  Mem.  of  Will  Stukeley 
(Surtees  Soc.),  vol.  i.,  p  34. 

ENOW. — In  a  short  time,  presently. 

I'm  just  goin'  across  to  th'  Horn  ;  I  shall  be  by  agean  enow. 

ESH.— The  ash. 

There  is  a  widespread  opinion  that  if  a  man  takes  a  newly  cut  esh 
plant  not  thicker  than  his  thumb,  he  may  lawfully  beat  his  wife  with  it. 

ESH,  v. — To  beat  with  an  ash  plant. 

If  we  catch  boys  gettin'  bod  nests  we  esh  'em.—Normanby,  July  25, 
1877. 

ESH-HOLT. — A  small  grove  of  ash  trees. 
ESH-KEYS.— The  seed  vessels  of  the  ash. 

ESSES,  5.  //.—Links  for  traces  in  the  form  of  the  letter  S. 

"  Jan.  20,  1881.    2  links  &  3  hesses." — Yaddlethorpe  Blacksmith's  Bill. 

ETTIDGE  (et-ij.)— The  same  as  EDDISH,  q.v. 

EVEN  DOWN  TO  THE  GROUND.— Upright,  straight- 
forward. 

You  maay  believe  ivry  wo'd  he  says;  he's  a  punct'al  man,  an'  eaven 
doon  to  the  grand  as  can  be. 

EVER  AND  A  DAY,  adv. — Always,  for  ever  and  ever. 

"  For  ever  and  a  day,  Longum." — Adam  Littleton,  Lat.  Did,,  ed.  1735, 
sub.  voc. 

EVER  SO.— Very  much. 

She  fret  ever  sod  when  Harry  'listed. 

EVERY  DAY  LIKE,  adv.— Constantly. 
I  see  her  o'must  ivery  daay  like. 


MANLEY  AND  coRRiNGriAM  WORDS.  193 

EVIL.— The  King's  evil. 
EWSE.— See  USE. 

EWT  (eut),  pt.  t.— Owed. 

The  pronunciation  of  the  ew  in  ewse,  cwt  and  chewse,  varies  between 
that  of  the  ew  in  the  word  news,  and  a  sound  nearly  approaching  the 
German  it. 

EXPECT,  v. — Suppose,  believe. 

I  expect  that  theare's  been  a  good  deal  o'  leein'  o'  boath  sides. 
"  Well,  I  expect  I  hev1  han's,  but  I  can't  tell  'em  by  th'  fealin',"  said 
by  a  person  whose  hands  were  "  perished  "  by  cold. 

EY,  AY.— Yes,  yea. 

Ey  is  used  more  frequently  than  yes  in  answering  a  question 
affirmatively. 

EYE  (ei). — (i)  A  brood  of  pheasants. 

(2)  The  bud  in  a  tuber  from  which  the  stalks  shoot. 

(3)  To  put  an  eye  into  any  kind  of  drink  is  to  put  a  small 
quantity  of  spirit  into  it. 

"It'll  do  ....  very  well  when  I've  just  put  an  eye  into  it, 
and  he  took  a  flat  bottle  from  his  waistcoat  pocket  and  poured  the  eye 
into  his  cup." — Mabel  Heron,  vol.  iii.,  p.  13. 

(4)  The  following  rhyme  is  believed  to  indicate  the  character 
from  the  colour  of  the  eyes — 

"  Blue  eye,  beauty  ; 

Black  eye,  steal  pie  ; 
Grey  eye,  greedy-gut  ; 
Brown  eye,  love  pie." 

Another  version  runs — 

"  Black  iy*,  beauty  ; 
Grey  eye,  greedy-gut  ; 
Eat  all  the  padding  up." 

EYE,  adv.— Aye,  yes. 

"  Did  you  voate  for  th1  school  board  ?"  "  Eye,  all  five  for  th'  chech 
an'  noht  at  all  for  th'  chapil." 

EYEABLE,  adj. — Pleasant  to  look  upon,  sightly. 

"  Ther's  a  many  things  that's  eyeable,  but  is  n't  tryable,  or  buyable ; 
but  thease  things  is  eyeable,  an'  tryable,  an1  buyable  an'  all,"  said  by  a 
man  selling  ready-made  clothes  at  Brigg  Market,  1876. 

EYES  BIGGER  THAN  BELLY.— A  person  is  said  to  have 
his  "  eyes  bigger  then  his  belly  "  who  takes  more  food  upon 
his  plate  than  he  can  eat. 

EYE  SEEDS. — A  plant  whose  seeds,  if  blown  into  the  eye,  are 
said  to  remove  bits  of  dust,  cinders,  or  insects  that  may 
have  lodged  therein.     (Query  what  plant  ?) 
o 


194  MAN  LEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 


FAATHER  (feyhdhur).— Father. 
FACE  ACHE.— Tooth  ache. 

FACES,  TO  MAKE.— To  distort  the  face. 

Daughter :  Oor  Jim's  makkin''  faaces,  muther. 

Mother :  Naay,  bairn,  thoo's  leein' ;  it's  nobut  God  as  waks  faaces. 
Jim,  thoo  bad  lad,  give  oher ;  how  should  you  feal  if  th'  Almighty 
was  to  fix  you  soa  for  iver  ?  Thoo  might  be  struck  soa  in  a  moment. 

FACULTIES  OF  THE  HEAD.— The  brain,  the  intellectual 
faculties. 

The  doctor,  he  said,  "Noo  if  you  go  on  lettin'  that  gel  study  that  a 
Avaay,  you're  doin'  very  wrong.  You  can  do  it  if  ye  like,  but  I  till  ye 
it'll  injure  the  faculties  of  her  head." 

FAD. — (i)  One  who  troubles  about  insignificant  matters.     A 
man  who  busies  himself  about  women's  work. 

(2)  Any  fancy  about  which  a  person  unduly  troubles  himself. 
FAG. — A  parasitic  insect,  "  a  sheep  fag" 

FAG-END.— The  end. 

We'd  scarce  onything  but  th'  fag-end  o'  a  leg  of  mutton  to  dinner. 

I  was  born  at  th'  fag-end  o'  th'  year,  daay  efter  Christmas. 

"The  fagge-end  of  the  House  of  Commons  ....  passed  a 
thing  they  call  an  Act." — Clement  Walker,  Hist,  of  Indcpcncy,  1649, 
pt.  xi.,  p.  215. 

FAGGED,  FAGGED  OUT.— Wearied. 

FAG-WATER. — A  liquid  used  for  killing  fags  on  sheep.     See 
FAG. 

FAIR. — (i)  Level,  even. 

Th'  taable  top  duz  n't  stan'  fair. 

(2)  Easy,  plain. 

Lincoln  Minster's  fair  to  see  fra  Barton  Field. 

(3)  adv. — Easily. 

We  can  see  Kidby  lamps  very  fair  to-neet  fra  th1  top  o'  Yalthrup 
Bill. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  195 

(4)  A  word  frequently  used  as  an  intensitive. 

Lops!  why  he's  fair  wick  wi'  'em,  an1  he's  that  idled  he  weant  jpick 
'em  off. 

She  was  fair  oher  setten  when  she  heard  her  lad  was  run'd  oher  by 
th' traain. 

FAIRING. — A  present  brought  from  a  fair. 

FAIRISH.— Fairly. 

Oats  was  fairish  to  year,  bud  noht  to  swagger  on  ;   it's  been  oher 
dry  for  'em. — Gunness,  Dec.,  1887. 

FAIRY-PURSES. — A  kind  of  fungus  which  grows  on  sandy 
land  in  Autumn,  and  is  something  like  a  cup  or  old-fashioned 
purse  with  small  objects  inside;  probably  Nidularia 
Campanulata. — See  Britten  &  Holland's  Eng.  Plant  Names. 

FAIRY-RING. — A  circle  in  the  grass,  believed  to  be  made  by 
fairies  dancing  thereon. 

Eliza  B a  young  woman  once  in  the  author's  service, 

knew  a  woman,  who  was  then  dead,  who  said  she  had  seen  fairies 
dancing  on  Brumby  Common.     Eliza  fully  believed  the  story. 

FALL. — A  woman's  veil. 
FALL,  THE.— The  Autumn. 

FALL,  v. — (i)  To  get,  to  receive. 

You  nead  not  good  thy  sen  up  o'  them  apples  cumin',  thoo'll  fall 
noane  on  'em. 

(2)  To  be  obliged. 

Hester's  sent  fer  me,  soa  I  shall  fall  to  goa. 

(3)  Ought. 

What  time  duz  th'  packit  fall  to  cum  ? 
FALL-DOOR.— A  trap-door. 

FALLED,  #.— Fallen. 

Jim's  fall'd  doon  an'  ho'ten  his  sen. 

FALLEN  MEAT.— The  flesh  of  an  animal  that  has  died  a 
natural  death. 

FALLING  EVIL,  FALLING  SICKNESS.— Epilepsy. 

"  To  a  pore  woman  that  had  the  j 'ally ing  evell  iijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey 
Ch.  Ace.,  1584. 

FALLINGS,  s.  //.—Fallen  fruit. 

"  Ther's  been  a  many  fall-in' s  in  oor  gardin  thriff  yisterdaays  high 
wind." — Bottesford,  September  28,  1875. 

FALL  OF  TIMBER.— The  quantity  of  timber  felled  at  one 
time  in  a  certain  place. 


106  MAN  LEY  AND  CORRlNGHAM  WORDS. 

FALL-OUT.— A  quarrel. 
FALL-OUT,  v. — To  quarrel. 
FALL-TABLE.— A  table  with  a  falling  leaf. 

FALL  TO  PIECES.— To  be  delivered  of  a  child. 

She  was  to  go  to  Ann  weddin',  bud  as  it's  been  putten  off,  braade  o' 
me,  she'll  fall  to  peaces  her  sen  afoore  time  cums. 

FALL  Wr  BAIRN.— To  become  pregnant. 

FALSE  LINE. — A  cord  used  in  ploughing  to  hinder  the  fore- 
horse  from  going  too  far  forward. 

"  Foure  paire  of  false  ranes  &  one  old  yate  iis. " — Inventory  of  Will. 
Hatley  of  St.  Neots,  1597. 

FALSE  ROOF,   FALSE  LOFT.— That  part  of  a  house  or 

other  building  between  the  ceilings  of  the  uppermost  rooms 

and  the  roof.    It  is  often  floored  and  made  into  a  store-room. 

"It    (a  barn)  was  thatcht  and  false-lofted." — Diary  of  John  Hobson 

(Surtees  Soc.),  p,  274. 

FAMBLING. — Eating  without  an  appetite. 

FANCY  DOG. — A  dog  kept  for  pleasure  not  for  use. 
Sir  Charles  :  "  What  sort  of  a  dog  was  it  ?" 
Defendant:  "  A  fancy  dog." 

Petty  Sessions  Report,  Gainsburgh  Times,  February  20,  1880. 

FANNEL. — The  fanon  or    maniple;    one  of  the  ecclesiastical 
vestments  in  use  before  the  reformation  (obsolete.) 

"Wintertonne  .  .  .  one  old  vestment,  one  amys,  one  corporaxe, 
one/a**i/." — 1566,  Line.  Ch.  Goods,  p.  164. 

"  Wrought  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  .  .  .  one  amis,  one  albe,  a 
stole,  a  belt,  a  ffannel,  a  corporax." — Ibid,  p.  169. 

FAR  AWAY.— By  a  long  way. 

He  beats  him  far  awaay. 

My  coo's  better  then  thine  far  awa-ay. 

FARDEN  (faad-en).— A  farthing. 

FARE,  v. — To  get  on  ;  used  of  the  manner  of  living,  as  regards 
animal  enjoyments. 

Well,  an'  hoo  did  ta  cum  on  then?  Oh,  fo'st  raate  •  II  fared  very 
well,  I  can  tell  the. 

FAR  END. — Extremity,  conclusion. 

The  far  end  on  it  '11  be  he'll  get  his  sen  sent  to  Ketton. 

Lady  (addressing  a  child  with  a  packet  of  sweetmeats  in  her  hand)  : 
So  you've  been  getting  some  goodies,  have  you,  Mary  ? 

Child :  Why,  yes,  I  hev,  if  you  must  be  gettin'  to  knaw  the  far  end 
o'  things. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 


197 


FAR  ENIF.—  Far  out  of  the  way. 

Th'  parson's  alus  clartin'  aboot  oor  hoose,  I  wish  he 


nif, 


PARISH  pN  (far,  with  the  suffix-f'sA),  adj.—  Well  advanced, 
far  on  in  years,  or  with  an  undertaking  or  a  journey. 

He  must  be  farish  on  by  this  time  ;  I  knaw  he  was  born  aofore  th' 
eaghteen  hundreds  cum  in. 

He's  farish  on  his  waay  by  noo  ;  I  should  saay  he'll  be  'e  Lunnon 
by  three  o'clock. 

FARMER.  —  A  jesting  name  for  a  toad. 

FARMER'S  FRIEND.—  A  material  used   for  dressing  seed- 
wheat  to  hinder  the  smut. 

FARNAL.—  For  infernal. 

What  afarnal  lear  thoo  art. 

FAR  SIDE.  —  The  furthest  part  of  anything  —  as  of  a  room, 
field,  close,  parish,  or  what  not. 

He's  goan  to  live  reight  o*  th'  far  side  o'  'Merica.  —  3oth  June,  1886. 

FARWELTED,  FARWELTERED,  adj.—  Overthrown  ;  said 
of  sheep. 

FASHED,  adj.—(j)  Weary. 
(2)  Troubled  in  mind. 

FASSENS  TUESDAY.—  Shrove  Tuesday. 

FAST,  adj.—(i)  Costive. 
(2)  In  difficulties. 

FAST  ENIF,  adv.—  Easily. 

You  see,  sir,  I  could  ha'  hed  him  fast  enif  li  I'd  hed  a  mind,  but  then 
I  liked  this  here  chap  I'm  talkin'  on  better,  and  so  you  see  .... 

FASTEN   PENNY.—  Money  given  by  the  master  to  fasten  a 
bargain  on  hiring  a  servant. 

'•To  Mauger  for  &  festynpenny  iiijd-"  —  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1573. 

FAT.—  A  vat. 

FAT,  v.—  To  fatten. 

I  shall  fat  all  them  beas,  an'  hev  'em  off  afoore  Jenuerry  puts  in. 

FAT-HEN.  —  A  weed  growing  among  corn  and  on  the  sides  of 
dung-hills.'  —  Chenopodiwn  album. 

FATHER,  v.  —  (i)  To  swear  to  the  paternity  of  an  illegitimate  , 
child  before  the  justices  of  the  peace. 

She  faathered  bairn  upo'  .  .  .  Foaks  duz  saay  'at  .  .  .  gev 
her  a  ten-pund  noate  not  to  f  anther  it  upo'  him. 


198  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

(2)  To  ascribe,  to  impute. 

When  lees  is  goin'  aboot  it's  easy  to  feyther  "em  to  th'  wrong  mooth. 

FAT  I'  -TH'  FIRE,  TO  HAVE  THE.— To  get  into  trouble  ; 
to  make  trouble. 

FATNESS.— (i)  Grease. 

(2)  Condition,  richness,  applied  to  land. 

If  he  nobbut  graws  plenty  o'  taaties  he'll  soon  tak  th'  fatness  oot  on  it. 

FAUCET. — The  outer  part  of  a  wooden  tap  used  for  drawing 
off  the  liquor  from  a  brewing-tub.  The  interior  part  or 
screw  is  called  the  spicket. 

Ira  was  a  straange  man  for  romancin'  in  his  talk.  One  daay  he 
prickt  his  sen  oher  th'  finger  a  little  dearie  bit,  you  could  hardlins  see  it, 
an'  up  he  cums  to  me  an'  says,  "  I've  prickt  my  sen  while  blud  flew  oot 
like  a  spicket  and  faucet,  and  bled  a  piggin  full." 

FAUSE,  adj. — Cunning ;  often  used  in  a  good  sense. 

Yon  little  tarrier  o'  yours  is  as  wick  as  a  flea,  an'  as  fause  as  a  fox  ; 
ther'  is  n't  noa  gettin'  shut  on  him  when  he  thinks  he  wants  to  goa 
wi  ye. 

FAUT.— (i)  Fault. 

"  Most  curious  of  all  is  the  fate  of  the  word  fault.  In  O.  F.  and 
M.  E.  it  is  always  faute,  but  the  sixteenth  century  turned  it  into  F.faulte, 
E,.  fault,  by  the  insertion  of  I.  For  all  that,  the  /  often  remained  mute, 
so  that  even  as  late  as  the  time  of  Pope  it  was  still  mute  for  him,  as  is 
shewn  by  his  rhyming  it  with  ought  (Eloisa  to  Abilard,  185.  Essay  on 
Man,  i.  69)  ;  with  thought  (Essay  on  Criticism,  422.  Moral  Essays, 
Ep.  ii.  73) ;  and  with  taught  (Moral  Essays,  Ep.  ii.  212).  But  the 
persistent  presentation  of  the  letter  /  to  the  eye  has  prevailed  at  last, 
and  we  now  invariably  sound  it  in  English,  whilst  in  French  it  has 
become  'faute  once  more.  The  object  no  doubt  was  to  inform  us  that 
the  F.  faute  is  ultimately  derived  from  Latin  fallere ;  but  this  does  not 
seem  so  far  beyond  the  scope  of  human  intelligence  that  so  much  pains 
need  have  been  taken  to  record  its  discovery." — W.  W.  Skeat, 
Principles  of  Eng.  Etymology,  1887,  p.  325. 

(2)  A  decayed  place  in  timber ;    a  place  where  the  scar  of 
a  severed  branch  has  been  covered  by  newly  grown  wood. 

(3)  A  perpendicular  deposit  of  sand  in  a  bed  of  clay. 

FAVOUR,  v.— To  resemble. 

Mary's  bairn  faavours  Bill  a  deal. 

FEARD,  //.—Afraid. 

Silly  bairn  he's  feard  to  go  thrif  th'  chech  yard  i'  th'  daay  leet. 

FEARFUL,  adj.— A.  strong  superlative. 
Ther's  a  fearful  lot  o'  apples  to  year. 

FEARNS,  sb.  pi. — Ferns,  bracken. — SCOTTON. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  199 

FEARSOME.— Terrible. 

FEAT,  adj.—(i)  Having  skill,  or  tact. 
He's  a  feat  hand  at  oht. 

(2)  Active,  good-looking,  tidy,  plentiful. 
She's  a /mMookin'  lass. 
Ther's  a.fedtish  crop  o1  pears  upo'  that  tree. 

When  King  George  the  Fourth  passed  through  Yorkshire,  a  man  who 

had  travelled  some  distance  to  see  his  Majesty  went  home  and  said, 

"  Thaay  be  fedtish  lears  e'  Swillin'ton  ;  thaay  tell'd  me  "at  King's  Arms 

was  a  lion  and  a  unicorn,  and  blow  me  if  thaay  ar'nt  just  saame  as  mine." 

"  And  look  how  well  my  garments  sit  upon  me  ; 

Much/eater  than  before." — The  Tempest,  Act  ii.,  sc.  i. 

FEATHER. — A  linch-pin  ;  a  pin  used  to  keep  machinery  tight. 
"To  Watter  Smythe  for  mendyng  of  the  /ethers  and  wedgis  about 
the  trinitie  bell,  xviijd." — Louth  Ch.  Ace.,  1566. 

FEATHER-POKE.— When  it  snows  we  say,  "  Th'  ohd  woman 
is  shakkin'  her  feather  po tike." 

Clare  alludes  in  his  Shepherd's  Calendar  to  the  belief  on  which  this 
saying  has  been  founded  : — 

"  And  some  to  view  the  winter  weathers, 
Climb  up  the  window-seat  with  glee, 
Likening  the  snow  to  falling  feathers, 

In  fancy's  infant  extasy; 
Laughing  with  superstitious  love, 

O'er  visions  wild  that  youth  supplies, 
Of  people  pulling  geese  above, 

And  keeping  Christmas  in  the  skies." — p.  97. 

FEATLY.— Neatly ;  dexterously. 

FEBRUARY.—"  February  fill-dyke,  March  muck  it  oot  agean  ;" 
that  is,   in  February   the  dykes  are  filled  with  snow,   rain 
comes  in  March  and  "  mucks  them  oot." 
"  February  fill-dyke, 
Be  it  black  or  be  it  white." 

That  is,  there  will  be  much  downfall  in  February  either  of  rain 
or  snow. 

FEED,  tv— (i)  To  fatten. 

Hefedds  five  and  twenty  steers  every  summer. 

(2)  To  grow  fat. 

Duzn't  he  fead  just!  He  ewsed  to  be  th'  sparest  lad  e'  th'  toon,  an' 
noo  he  weighs  nineteen  stoan. 

(3)  To  graze. 

I  doan't  knaw  which  o'  them  two  gress  peaces  I  shall  fedd  to  year, 
and  I  o'must  think  it  11  be  th'  hoam  cloas.— Bottesford,  March  7,  1888. 

"  Land  that  is  fed  in  common  by  the  parish." — Survey  of  the  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  1787, 


200  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

FEEDER. — (i)  A  cloth  used  to  keep  the  clothes  of  infants 
clean  while  they  are  being  fed. 

(2)  A  pinafore. 

FEEL.— Feeling. 

A  straange  queer  feal  alus  cums  oher  me  when  I  see  a  toad  ;  I  durstn't 
handle  one  at  noht. 

FEETINGS,  s. //.—Stocking  feet. 
FEFTED,  v.— Enfeoffed  (obsolescent). 

FEIGH,  FEY,  v. — To  clean  out  a  drain,  gutter,  or  sess-pool. 
George  Todd  v&feighing  oot  the  sink-hoale. 

"  To  John  Lavghton,  in  harvest,  for  feigliinge  the  milne  becke," — • 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1582. 

FEIGHT.— A  fight. 

FEIGHT,  v.  (fait).— (i)  To  fight. 

(2)  To   beat,   when   the  person  beaten   has  no  thought   of 
resistance. 

I  shan't  let  oor  Bob  goa  to  school  noa  moore  ;  th'  maaster  f eights  th' 
bairns. 

FEIGHTIN'  IT  SEN.— An  infant  is  said  to  have  been  feightin" 
it  sen  when  it  has  scratched  or  bruised  itself. 

FELFS. — The  curved  pieces  of  wood  which  form  the  outer 
part  of  a  wheel. 

FELL. — The  skin  of  an  animal  after  it  has  been  removed  from 
the  body. 

"  I  wad  hae  had  you,  flesh  and  fell" — Battle  of  Otterburne,  Aytoun, 
Battles  of  Scotl.,  vol.  i.,  p.  14. 

"  In  the  slaughter-house  oifelles,  v." — Sheep  Bill  of  Sir  John  Spencer, 
1580,  in  Northamptonshire  Notes  and  Queries,  vol.  i.,  p.  37.  The  editor 
says  that  these  felks  are  I  suppose  fleeces.  This  is  clearly  an  error. 

FELL,  adj. — Fatal,  deadly,  savage,  fierce. 

I  shall  look  as  fell  as  a  bull  at  Scawby  man  next  time  he  cums. — 
Bottesford,  1887. 

It's  a  very  fell  complaaint. 

"He  hath  made  his  gentle  father  the  fellest  man  in  the  world."— 
Bernard,  Terence,  382. 

"  Bees  is  as  fellas  owt." — Tennyson,  Northern  Farmer,  No.  2. 

FELL,  v. — To  cause  to  fall ;  commonly  confined  to  felling 
timber,  knocking  down  one  you  have  a  quarrel  with,  and 
the  killing  of  oxen. 

FELLING  AXE. — An  axe  with  a  Jong  and  narrow  head  used 
for  felling  trees. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  201 

FELLOE. — The  pieces  of  wood  which  form  the  rim  a  of 
wheel  are  called  felloes.  There  are  six  of  them  in  a 
common  cart-wheel  of  twelve  spokes,  but  seven  if  the 
wheel  have  fourteen  spokes. 

FELLON.— (i)  A  whitlow. 
(2)  A  disease  in  cattle. 

FELLOW-FOND,  adj. — Amorous  ;  said  of  women. 
FELTER,  v.— To  entangle. 
FELTERIC. — A  disease  in  horses. 

FEND,  v.— To  support. 

Noht  bud  a  few  rabbits  can  fend  o'  Alkborough  hill  sides  e'  a  dry 
time. 

"  The  Otterburn  is  a  bonnie  burn, 

'Tis  pleasant  there  to  be ; 
But  there  is  nought  at  Otterburn 
To  fend  my  men  and  me." 

Battle  of  Otterburn,  Aytoun  Ballads  ofScotL, 
vol.  i.,  p.  15. 

FEND  AND  PROVE,  v.— To  argue  ;  to  endeavour  to  prove  or 
disprove. 

I  niver  goa  near  hand  him  at   'lection  times,  he's  alus  fendin'  an' 
provin'  aboot  Mr.  Gladstone.     Said  of  the  author  July  i,  1886. 

"  To  fend  and  prove,"   i.e.,   to   wrangle  vitilitigo,    altercor. — Adam 
Littleton's  Lat.  Diet.,  1735,  sub.  voc. 

FEND  FOR  ONE'S  SELF.— To  provide  for  one's  self;  to  be 
dependent  on  no  one. 

He's  fended  for  his  sen  sin'  he  was  sixteen  year  ohd. 
"  Peter's  children  went  out  one  by  one  into  the  world  to  fend  for 
themselves.'1 — Laurence  Cheny,  Ruth  and  Gabriel,  vol.  i.,  p.  34. 

FENIAN. — This  word,  though  usually  employed  in  its  current 
modern  sense,  is  by  mental  confusion  sometimes  used  for 
fiend. 

Them  ohd  hens  set  on  poor  bo'd  like  a  pack  o'  Fenians. — Bottesfordt 
1887. 

FENT. — (i)  A  remnant  of  cloth. 
(2)  The  binding  of  a  woman's  dress. 

FERMEL.— Formal. 

She  dress'd  her  girls  so  plaain  an'  fermal. 

FERRER. — A  cask  having  iron  hoops. 


202  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

FERRET,  v.— To  worry. 

Mr.  C he  puts  his  head  oher  th'  pew  top,  an'  he  says 

"  Mr.  S is  dead."     He  meant  it  well,  but  I  was  soa  on  it 

'at  I  hed  n't  been  to  see  him,  I  felt  quite  upset ;  it  ferrcttcd  me  all 
chapil-time. 

FEST.— Fasten-penny,  q.v. 

FETCH.— A  dodge. 

He  goas  reg'lar  to  chech  an'  chapil,  that's  a  fetch  o'   his  to  mak 
foaks  believe  in  him. 

FETCH,  v.—(i)  To  give. 

Hefetch'd  him  a  clink  oher  th'  side  o'  th'  head. 
(2)  To  draw  the  breath  with  difficulty. 

I  could  tell  ther  was  sum'ut  bad  th'  matter,  he  fetch'd  so. 

FETCH  OFF,  v.— To  cause  to  come  off. 

This  damp  weather  hesfetch'd  all  th'  paaper  off  o'  th'  parlour  walls. 

FETTLE.— Condition,  order. 

His  land's  alus  e'  good  fettle,  let  seasons  cum  what  thaay've  a  mind. 
How  are  you  to-daay,  Mary  ?     Oh,  I'm  nobbut  e'  poor  fettle  thenk 
you." 

FETTLE,  FETTLE  UP,  v.— -To  furbish,  put  in  order,  make 
clean,  make  tidy,  repair. 

We  mun  hev  oor  plaace  fettled  up  afoore  th'  feast . 
"  Then  John  bent  up  his  long  bende-bowe, 
Andfetteled  him  to  shoote." 

Robin  Hood  and  Guy  of  Gisbovne,  1.  65. 

FETTLE  STRAP. — The  strap  which  sustains  a  pannier. 

FEW.— See  GOOD  FEW. 

FEY.— See  FEIGH. 

FEZZAN  (fez-n). — A  pheasant. 

FEZZON  ON,  v. — To  seize  with  violence,  as  a  dog  seizes  a 
rat. 

FIDDLE,  v. — (i)  To  touch  or  handle  anything  in  a  purposeless 
way. 

(2)  To  fiddle  on  the  right  or  the  wrong  string  is  to  say  some- 
thing very  appropriate,  or  very  much  the  reverse. 

"  He's  hing'd  his  fiddle  up  o'  th'  door-sneck,"  means  that  he  is  in  a 
very  bad  temper. 

He  can  tell  sum  real  good  taales  when  he's  upo'  his  roonds,  bud 
ther's  them  'at  knaws  says  he  alus  hangs  up  fiddle  when  he  gets  hoam. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  203 

FIDDLE  ABOUT,  v.— To  waste  time. 

Them  men  we  send  to  Parliament  fiddles  aboot  wi'  Bradlaugh  an' 
Ireland  estead  o'  gettin'  on  wi'  business. 

FIDDLE-FADDLE.— Nonsense. 

FIDDLERS'-MONEY. — Groats,  threepenny  pieces,  pennies, 
half-pence,  and  farthings,  small  change  such  as  is  given  to 
wandering  musicians. 

FIDDLES. — Water-figwort,  Scrophularia  aquatica,  the  stalks  of 
which  children  rub  together  for  the  sake  of  producing  a 
squeaking  sound,  which  they  think  musical. 

FIDDLESTICKS. — Interjection,  expressive  of  contemptuous 
unbelief. 

Maid  Servant :  Oh,  m'm,  I've  just  seen  Mrs.  Slarum  up  o'  th'  chease- 
chaamber  steps. 

Mistress :  Fiddlesticks  I  It  's  a  bag  of  bread  meal. — Northorpe,  circa 
1815. 

FID  FAD,  v.— To  waste  time. 

She's  alus  fid-faddiri  efter  th'  chaps  e'stead  o'  mindin'  her  wark. 

FIDGETS.— (i)  A  tingling  sensation  in  the  limbs. 
(2)  A  fidgety  person. 

FIECE  (fees),  adj.— Fierce. 

FIELD. — (i)  The  correct  meaning  is  unenclosed  land  under 
plough,  as  Haxey  Field,  Scotton  Field. 

(2)  In  common  speech  it  now  is  often  used  for  Close,  q.v. 

FIERCE,  adj. — (i)  Pleasurably  excited. 

Thoo's  fine  an'  fierce  oher  that  bairn  o'  thine,  Mary. 
(2)  Eager ;  impetuous. 

If  thoo's  soa  fierce  oher  thy  wark  e'  th'  mornin',  thoo'll  be  daul'd  oot 
afoore  neet. 

FIGUREIN'.— Arithmetic. 

He's  to  noa  moore  ewse  aifigurein'  then  a  bee-skep  is  to  plug  a  bung- 
hoale."—  Wroot,  1878. 

FILLERS  IN. — Small  stones  in  the  inside  of  a  rubble  wall. 

FILLY-TAILS.  —  Greymare-tails ;  long  clouds,  which  are 
believed  to  presage  wind.  See  HEN-SCRATTINS. 

FILTH. — Parasites  which  infest  men,  animals  and  vegetables 
in  great  numbers. 

Roase-treas  is  cuver'd  wi' filth  to-year. 


204  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

FILTHY.— Infested  with  parasites. 

FIMBLE-HEMP. — i.e.,  Female  hemp,  but  really  the  male  plant. 
Sue  CARL  HEMP. 

FINAKIN  (fin.ukin),  adj.  —  Giving  much  attention  to  small 
matters. 

He's  a  very  good  soort  on  a  man,  but  he  hes  such  finahin'  waays  I 
can't  live  wi'  him. 

FIND  (with  i  short).— Find. 

FIND  HIM  OUT.— That  is,  retribution  will  follow. 

It's  a  scan'lous  thing ;  but  niver  fear  you  waait  a  bit,  it'll  find  him  oot 

FIND  HIMSELF.— A  servant  finds  himself  when  he  provides 
his  own  food  and  lodging. 

"  By  husbandry  of  such  as  God  her  sent, 
She  found  herself  &  eke  her  doughters  two." 

Chaucer,  Nounes  Priestes  Tale,  1.  9. 

FINELY,  adv. — Healthily,  successfully,  rapidly. 

Thaay're  gettin'  on  finely  wi'  diggin'iron-stoan  at  Frodingham. 

FINGERS  AND  TOES.— A  disease  in  turnips  caused  by  a 
small  insect  piercing  the  tap-root  and  causing  it  to  branch, 
producing  instead  of  a  bulb  something  not  very  much 
unlike  human  fingers  and  toes. 

"They  complain  much  of  the  distemper  called  fingers  and  toes ;  the 
roots,  instead  of  swelling,  running  into  strings  of  that  form,  and  rot 
and  come  to  nothing." — Arthur  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  136. 

"  Turnips  are  not  much  sown  on  account  of  their  liability  to  produce 
fingers  and  toes." — J.  A  Clarke,  Farming  in  Lincolnshire,  1852,  p.  102. 
Spence's  Observations  on  the  Disease  in  Turnips  called  Fingers  and  Toes, 
Hull,  1812,  is  referred  to  in  Kirby  and  Spence's  Introdnc.  to  Entomology, 
vi.  ed.,  vol.  i.,  p,  154.  Cf.  Fred  James  Lloyd,  Science  of  Agriculture, 
1844,  p.  257.  See  CLUB. 

FINGER  STALL. — A  rim  of  metal  worn  by  women  on  the 
finger  to  hinder  thread  from  cutting  in  sewing.  See  HOVEL, 
HUT. 

FIRE,  THE.— Syphilis. 

FIRE,  BACK.— (i)  The  iron  or  brick-work  at  the  back  of  a 
fire-grate. 

(2)  The  back  part  of  a  fire,  or  the  fire  generally. 

It's  good  to  noht  at  all;  you  may  fling  it  upo'  ^  fire  back. 

FIRE-BAUK. — The  beam  in  the  front  of  an  open  chimney  on 
which  the  wall  is  built. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  205 

FI REBOOT. — The  right  to  take  wood  for  burning. 

"  12  carect.  subbosci  pro  le  heybote  el  octo  focal,  pro  fyrbot." — Lease 
of  the  Manor  of  Scatter,  1484. 

"To  have,  perceive,  and  take  in  and  upon  the  aforesaid  premises 
sufficient  houseboot,  hedgeboot,  fircboot." — Lease  of  Lands  in  Brumby, 
1716;  Cf.  Archaologia,  vol.  x.,  p.  443;  Scroggs'  Practice  of  Courts  Leet 
and  Courts  Baron,  p.  208. 

FIRE-ELDEN.— See  ELDIN. 
FIRE-KIN'LIN.— See  KIN'LIN. 
FIRE-POTTER.— A  fire-poker. 

FIRE-SCONCE. — (i)  An  iron  basket  used  for  containing  a 
fire  out  of  doors. 

(2)  A  fire-screen.     See  Notes  and  Queries,  Vs-,  vol.  ii.,  p.  207. 

FIRE-STEAD.— (i)  A  fire-place. 

(2)  A  place  where  a  fire  is  made  out  of  doors. 

FIRING.— Fuel. 

FIRING-IRON. — An  instrument  with  which  horses  are  fired. 

FIRM. — A  form,  a  bench. 

Draw  ih'  firm  to,  lads,  an'  let's  hev  wer  suppers. 

"  Item,  iwofirmes,  iiijs." — Inventory  of  Sir  William  Fairfax  of  Gillenge, 
1594,  in  Archceologia,  vol.  xlviii.,  p.  125. 

FIRST  AND  LAST.— The  sign  of  a  public-house  at  Kirton- 
in-Lindsey,  near  the  railway  station.  It  is  believed  that 
this  sign  originated  with  the  introduction  of  railways. 

FIRST  BEGINNING.— The  beginning. 

Th'/o'stf  beginning  of  the  row  was  sum'ut  'at  happen'd  at  Gaainsb'r. 

FIRST  BLUSH.— The  first  impression. 

At  th'  first  blush  I  thoht  it  was  a  lee,  but  I  soon  fun  oot  it  was  all 
trew  enif. 

FIRST  END.— The  beginning  of  a  thing. 
It's  at  th'fo'st  end  o'  th'  book. 

FIRST  OFF.— The  beginning  of  any  business. 

At  th'/o's^c^he  did  middlin' well,  bud  in  a  bit  he  taaper'd  off  to  noht 
at  all. 

FISH,- — A  small  silvery  insect,  probably  in  a  larval  state,  which 
eats  wood,  paper,  and  parchment. 

Me  an'  my  lad  hed  to  shift  a  lot  o'ohd  paapers  an'  things  at  .  .  ., 
an'  we  fun'  th'  fishes  hed  eaten  an'  spoilt  lots  on  'em, 


<2()()  MANLEY    AND    CORRlNGHAM    WORDS'^ 

FIT,  adj.- — In  2. fit  condition  for  anything;  ready,  ripe,  cooked. 
My  heiid  aches_/^  to  split. 
Is  them  caakes  fit  ? 

Corn'll  befit  in  anuther  weak  if  it  hohds  warm. 
I'm  fit  to  faaint. 

I'm  fit  to  think  it'll  raiiin  though  th'  glass  keiips  steady. 
"  So  they  were  all  fit  to  go  together  by  the  ears." — Diary  of  Abraham 
tie  la  Pry  me  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  10. 

FIT,  v.—(i)  To  suit. 

I  wo'd  n't  leave  here  at  noht,  I'm  }\ist  fitted  wheare  I  am. 

(2)   Fought. 

FITTING,  adj. — Properly,  orderly,  modest. 

It  is  n't  fittm'  for  a  yung  woman  to  be  walkin'  oot  wi'  a  yung  man 
unless  thaay  be  reg'lar  sweathearts. 

FITTY,  FITTIES. — The  outmarsh,  or  land  lying  between  the 
sea  or  Humber  and  the  bank,  generally  intersected  by 
numerous  reticulating  creeks. 

FIVE-LEAVED  GRASS.— Potentilla  reptans. 

FIX,  v. — To  arrapge,  to  appoint. 
l\&  fixed  dinner  for  one  o'clock. 

FIXED  OFF,  TO  BE.— To  be  furnished  with,  or  attached  to 
something  which  is  very  inconvenient,  disagreeable,  or 
painful. 

If  you    was  fixed  off,   Mr.  Peacock,  wi'  a  wife  such  as  I've  getten,  I 
maake  noa  doot  you'd  leather  her  sumtimes. — Messingham,  May,  1875. 

FIXINGS. — Arrangements,  embellishments,  trimmings,  as  the 
fixings  for  a  Church  opening,  or  of  a  dinner  table. 

FIXMENT.— (i)  A  dilemma. 

(2)  A  contemptuous  term  for  any  construction  that  .will  not 
act  or  acts  very  badly. 

Squire  Heala'  hed  a  thing  for  cat  chin'  th'  flees  'at  eats  yung  to'nups. 
Such  'n  afixment  as  you  niver  seed.     It  was  to  noa  ewse  at  all. 

(3)  The  furniture  of  a  house. 

"Completely  swallowed  up  the  whole  of  his  little  fixment" — Stamford, 
Mercury,  August  20,  1875. 

FIXMENTS. — The  tools  of  a  workman. 

FIZGIG.— An  ugly  woman ;  a  woman  dressed  in  a  strange  or 
unbecoming  manner. 

FIZOG,  lit. — Physiognomy;  the  face. 

FIZZLE-FARTING  JOB.— Tedious  and  unprofitable  labour. 


-MAtf LEY    AND    CORRINCxHAM    WdRDS.  207 

FIZZLE-UP,  v.— To  be  sharp,  lively.  Boys  playing  at  taw 
(q.v.),  one  says  to  another  "  cum,  fizzle-up" 

FLABBERG ASTER,  y.-To  astonish. 

FLACKER,  v.—(i)  To  throb,  to  flutter. 

Well  R  .  .  .  .  how  is  your  wife's  foot  ?  Why  m'm,  it  seam'd 
a  deal  better,  but  last  neet  she  said  'at  it  flacker  d  sorely." 

(2)  To  hesitate. 

FLACKET. — A  little  barrel  or  a  leather  bottle  shaped  like  one 
used  by  harvest  men  for  beer. 

"  yj  lether  flacketts." — Inventory  of  John  Nevill  of  Falding-worth,  1590. 

FLAG,  v. — To  pave  with  flags. 

FLAGS,  s.  pi. — (i)  Stone  slabs  used  for  paving  footways,  &c. 

(2)  The  footways  so  paved. 

(3)  The  iris,  or  fleur-de-lys,  sword-grass,  reeds,   and  other 
such-like  plants  which  grow  in  or  near  water. 

"  There  are  100  swathes  of  marish  grasse  and  flaggs  in  the  West 
Carr." — Norden's  Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton  in  Lindsey,  1616,  p.  22. 

FLAKE.— A  fence-hurdle.     See  FLEAK. 
FLAM. — A  falsehood  told  in  jest. 
FLAMMATION.— Inflammation. 

FLANDERS  CHEST  (obsolete).— Chests  so  named  are 
common  in  wills  and  inventories. 

"  Lego  Roberto  filio  meo,  meam  optimam  ollam  eneam  &  meam 
optiman  patillam  eneam  &  unam  mensam  flandrensem  &  meam  optimam 
cistam  flandrensem." — Will  of  William  Ely  ton  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1507. 

"  One  oke  pannell  chiste,  one  fflaunders  chist." — Inventory  of  Thomas 
Teanby  of  Barton-on-Humber,  1652. 

It  is  probable  that  flandevs  does  not  in  all  cases  indicate  that  these 
chests  were  of  Flemish  manufacture,  but  only  that  they  were  carved,  or 
otherwise  ornamented,  after  the  manner  of  the  Flemings. 

FLAP. — An  instrument  with  which  butchers  kill  flies.  A 
"  Wapfly,"  q.v. 

"  Seek  a  defence, 

In  the  great  shambles,  from  the  butcher's  flap, 
That  kills  whole  hundreds  like  a  thunder-clap." 

John  Ogilby,  Fables  of  SEsop,  1665,  p.  80. 

FLAP,  v. — (i)  To  throw  down  any  flat  thing  in  such  a  way  as 
to  make  a  noise. 

He  flapped  th'  newspaaper  doon  upo'  th'  floor. 

(2)  To  crush,  to  rumple. 

"The  maid  out  of  hope  to  please  her  went  to  bed,  leaving  the  ruffe 
flapt  together  as  her  mistress  had  stamped  it," — 'Richard  Cukner, 
Cathedral  N ewes  from  Canterbury,  1644,  p.  5. 


208  MANLEY   AND    CORRINCHAM    WORDS.       . 

FLAP-JACK.— A  pancake. 

"  Puddings  and  flap-jacks  " — Pericles,  Act  ii.,  sc.  i. 

FLASH. — A  sheet  of  shallow  water.     There  is  a  mere  called 
Ferry  Flash,  near  Hardwick  Hill. 

FLASKER,  v.— To  flutter  as  a  bird. 
FLAWPS.— An  idle  person. 
FLAWPY,  adj.— Idle,  foolish. 

FLAXMEN. — (i)  Persons  who  rent  land  for  a  single  season 
for  the  purpose  of  growing  flax. 

"Let  it  to  flaxmen  at  £3  or  ^"4  per  acre." — Arthur  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  p.  197. 

(2)  Men  who  work  flax.     See  LINEMAN. 

FLEABANE. — Erigeroii  acyis ;  it  is  believed  to  kill  or  drive 
away  fleas. 

FLEA-BITE. — Some  trouble,  accident,  or  misfortune  which  is 
of  but  slight  consequence. 

He  lost  five  pund  wi'  th'  job,  but  that's  nobbud  a.  flea-bite  to  a  man 
like  him. 

She  alus  hes  such  easy  times  when  she  gets  her  bed,  why  it's  nobbud 
like  a  flea-bite  to  her. 

FLEAK. — A  hurdle  of  woven  twigs,  commonly  hazel.  The 
difference  between  a  tray  (q.v.)  and  a  fledk  is  that  the 
former  is  made  of  wooden  bars  mortised  into  the  heads, 
and  the  latter  of  wicker-work.  The  distinction  is  old. 

We  find  in  the  Louth  Churchwarden's  Account,  1505,  "traas  and/f/ys," 
spoken  of  as  separate  things,  vol.  i.,  p.  113.  See  FLAKE. 

FLEAM.  —  (i)  An  instrument  for  bleeding  horses.  See 
BLOODING-IRON. 

(2)  Phlegm. 

FLECK. — A  spot,  commonly  a  large  and  irregular  one. 

Them  harvist-bugs  hes  maade  big  flecks  cum  oot  all  oher  my  airms. 

Th'  feaver  broht  oot  red  flecks  all  oher  his  body. 

It's  a  han'sum  chimla'-peace,  back  marble  wi'  yd.\\a?  flecks  in  it. 

FLECK,  v.—(i)  To  spot,  to  be  spotted. 

Mind  you  doant  fleck  th'  paaper  upo'  th1  wall  wi'  that  whitenin*. 

A  woman  describing  a  damask  table-cloth  with  a  cloud-like  ornament 
in  it  said,  "  ther'  was  noii  pattern  but  it  wasfleck'd  all  oher. 

Was  that  Mr.  Fox's  bull  'at  brok  into  th'  Well-Yard  ?  Ey,  if  it 
wer  a  red-fack'd  un  ;  if  it  wer  a  white  poll'd  un  it  wod  be  Gibson 
Slightholm's. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  £09 

"  To  Wylliam  Baynton,  sone  of  John  Baynton,  one  flekyd  qwee." — 
Will  of  William  Rananl,  of  Appleby,  1542. 

"  The  horse  eke  that  his  yeman  rode  upon, 
So  swatte,  that  unnethes  might  he  gon. 
About  the  peytrel  stode  the  fome  ful  hie, 
He  was  of  fome  as  flecked  as  a  pie." 

Chaucer,  The  Canones  Yemannes  Tale  Prol. 

(2)  To  blow  into  fragments.     A  term  used  in  shooting. 

That  bod's  fleck' d  all  to  peaces. 

(3)  To  flutter,  to  throb. 

My  thumb,  I  knew  it  was  getherin'  \t  fleck'd  soa. 

FLEE.— (i)  A  Fly.  Scawby  feast  ^is  held  in  October.  The 
reason  why  flies  disappear  at  this  time  is  because  they  are 
all  made  into  pies  for  that  festival. 

(2)  The  flee  signifies  the  turnip-fly,  a  small  beetle  which  does 
much  damage  to  the  young  turnips  as  soon  as  they  come  up. 
"  The  turnip  fly  is  a  little  jumping  beetle,  Haltica  Nemorum,  some- 
times also  the  allied  species,  Haltica  Concinna" — Kirby  and  Spence, 
Introdnc.  to  Entomology,  Sixth  Ed.,  vol.  i.,  p.  153. 

FLEE-BLAWN.— (i)  Fly-blown. 
(2)  Damaged  in  character. 

He  was  a-fool  to  marry  aflee-blawn  bitch  like  that. 

FLEER. — A  mock  ;  a  jibe. 

She's  niver  reight  bud  when  she's  flingin'  oot  her  fleers  at  sum  on  us. 

FLEER,  v. — To  mock,  to  jibe  at. 

"  Shall  we  suffer  him  to  get  away  so  much  money  from  vs,  to  fleer  & 
geere  at  vs  in  euery  corner  ?" — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  424. 

FLEET.— A  drain. 

"  A  new  and  sufficient  head  like  unto  Stockwith  new  fleet  shall  [be] 
made  and  lade  there." — Sewers  Inquisition,  1583,  p.  8. 

There  is  a  drain  called  the  Fleet-dyke  at  S&lt-Jtetby.  Compare  Fleet 
Street  in  London,  which  is  so  called  from  the  Fleet  Ditch. 

FLEET-HOLE. — A  hole  or  hollow  left  by  a  drain  having  been 
diverted,  or  a  bank  having  broken  and  washed  away  the 
soil. 

"  The  West  channel  would  then  naturally  warp  up,  and  leave  what 
is  usually  termed  in  such  cases  a.  fleet  hole." — Stonehouse,  Hist,  of  Isle 
>--*•  of  Axholme,  p.  263. 

"  The  inhabitants  of  Essex  have  a  particular  way  of  draining  lands  in 
such  grounds  as  lye  below  the  high-water,  and  somewhat  above  the  low- 
water  mark,  that  have  land-floods  or  fleets  running  thro'  them,  which 
make  a  kind  of  small  creek." — Dictionarium  Rusticnm,  1726,  sub  voce 
Drains. 

FLESH. — Flesh-meat  ;  butchers'-meat  as  distinguished  from 
bacon. 

P 


210  MANLRY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

FLESHER.— A  butcher  (obsolete). 

"  And  Volero,  theflesher,  his  cleaver  in  his  hand." 

Macaulay.  Lays  of  Ancient  Rome,  Virginia. 

FLESH-FLY.— The  common  blue-bottle. 

FLESH-RENT. — Laceration  of  muscular  fibres  from  a  strain. 

FLICK.— A  flitch  of  bacon. 

A  child  coming  late  to  Winterton  school,  on  being  asked  by  her 
teacher  whether  she  could  not  have  looked  at  the  clock,  replied, 
"  Pleas'  m'm,  muther  hes  hing'd  a.  flick  o'  baacon  afoore  it." 

FLICK,  v. — To  lash  very  slightly  with  a  whip. 
Flick  that  theare  cleg  fra  off  Ranger  head. 

It's  that  hot  I'm  oher  idled  to  flick  flees  awaay  fra  my  meat. — 
July  4,  1886. 

FLIG'D  (fligd  ),/>/. — Fledged,  said  of  young  birds. 
FLIG'D  FLYERS.— See  BARE-BUBS. 

FLING,  r.— To  throw  aside. 

It's  a  curus  thing,  whatsoiver  soort  on  a  hoss  ohd  Potter  got,  it 
was  sewer  to  fling  him  upo'  a  Tuesda'  cummin'  fra  Gaainsbr'  Markit. 
He  could  sit  a  hoss  well  enif  at  uther  times ;  I  can't  tell  what  was 
meant  on  it. — Northorpe,  1848. 

FLING  OUT,  v.—  To  kick,  said  of  horses. 

FLING  UP.— (i)  To  repudiate  a  bargain. 

(2)  To  cast  upon  a  person  odium  for  long  past  errors. 

It's  not  fair  to  fling  up  at  th'  ohd  man  what  he  said  oher  fifty  year 
sin'. 

(3)  To  vomit. 

FLIPE.— (i)  A  flap. 

(2)  The  brim  of  a  hat. 

(3)  The  tail  or  lap  of  a  coat. 

FLIT,  v. — To  remove  from  one  house,  or  place,  to  another. 

Upo'  th'  east  side  o'  th'  Trent  sarvants  flits  the'r  plaaces  at  Maay- 
da'-time,  but  e'  th'  Isle  it's  at  Martlemas. 

"  It  was  a  goodly  heape  for  to  behould, 
And  spake  the  praises  of  the  workman's  witt  : 
But  full  great  pittie,  that  so  fair  a  mould 
Did  on  so  weak  foundation  ever  sitt : 
For  on  a  sandie  hill,  that  still  did  flitt 
And  fall  away,  it  mounted  was  full  hie." 

Spencer,  Faerie  Queene,  Book  I.,  c.  iv.,  st.  5. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS,  211 

FLITE,  v.— To  mock,  to  sneer  at. 

I  niver  pass  her  but  shejlites  me  wi'  sum  slither  or  aiuther. 

Bernard  uses  flite  in  a  somewhat  different  sense. 

"  Jurgavit  cum  eo.     He  didflite  or  chide  with  him." — Terence,  p.  79. 

FLITTER-MOUSE.— A  bat. 

FLOCK-BED.— A  bed  stuffed  with  tailors'  clippings— that  is, 
bits  of  waste  cloth.  A  wool  flock-bed  is  one  stuffed  with 
locks  (q.v.) 

FLODGE.— A  puddle. 

"  He  himself  saw  and  beheld,  in  all  the  gutters  and  rivulets  of  water 
in  the  streets,  and  in  the /lodges,  great  quantities  of  little  young  jacks, 
or  pickerels." — Diary  of  Abraham  de  la  Pryme  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  81. 

"  Here  and  there  miniature  lakes,  which  we,  Lincolnshire  men,  call 
flodges,  stretched  across  the  whole  path." — Ralph  Skerlaugh,  vol.  i., 
P.  195- 

FLOES  (floaz.) — Great  sheets  of  ice  in  the  Trent  and  Humber. 
FLOOD.— The  tide. 

FLOOD  O,  FLOOD  A  HOY,  interj.— Exclamation  on  the 
appearance  of  the  tide  in  the  Trent. 

FLOOR. — (i)  A  measure  of  capacity  used  in  earthwork  ;  400 
cubic  feet. 

(2)  Anything  level  and  flat  whereon  a  person  or  thing  stands 

as  the  ground,  a  road,  the  bottom  of  a  cart. 

If  ta'  duz  n't  mind  thoo'll  hev  that  theare  furk  up  o'  th'  floor ;  that 
is,  will  drop  it  from  a  stack  upon  the  ground. 

FLOOR,  v.—(i)  To  knock  down. 
(2)  To  overcome  an  argument. 

FLOORER. — (i)  A  blow  that  knocks  a  person  down. 

(2)  A  convincing  argument 
I  heard  him  speak  at  Mess 
awaay,  "  Well,  this  is  a  floorer  for  them  blews." — July  4,  1886. 


I  heard  him  speak  at  Messingham  o'  Frida',  an^  I  says  efter  I  cum'd 
",  this 


FLOP. — A  sound  like  liquid  jerked  in  a  cask  ;  the  sound  that 
a  flat  body  makes  when  falling  into  water;  the  dull  noise 
made  by  a  heavy  body,  such  as  a  sack  of  corn,  or  a  fat 
man,  falling  from  a  considerable  height. 

Th'  tenter  hook  brok',  an'  th'  ham  fell  doon  wi'  a  great  fop  uro'  th' 
floor  an'  crack'd  th'  plaaister. 

FLOT,  v. — To  fidget,  as  a  horse  does  that  is  kept  waiting. 
She'd  be  a  good  little  mare  if  she  didn't  flot  soa  at  startin' 


212  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

FLOUR-BALLS.— A  kind  of  potatoe. 

FLOUT.-  -Perhaps  the  same  as  FLEET. 

"  One  sewer  in   Scotter  Ings  at  the  ould  jlont  shall  be  sufficiently 
diked." — Sewers  Inquisition,  1583,  p.  8. 

FLOUTER  (flout'ur).— A  flutter. 

I  was  in  aflotiter  when  I  heard  that  th'  bank  hed  bick'. 

FLOUTER,  v.— To  flutter. 

FLOWERING,   FLOWERS.— The  paste  ornaments  on  the 
crust  of  a  raised  pie. — Ashby,  December  4,  1874. 

FLOWER  PLANTS.— Domesticated  flowering  plants  in  house 
or  garden. 

I  ax'd  him  if  he  could  sea  flooer-plants  i'  \vinda',  an'  he  said,  "Noa," 
soa  I  expect  he  hes  n't  reight  ewse  o'  his  ees  yit. — M.  T.,  1886. 

FLUKES,   s.pl.-(i)  Hydatids.     Animals    of    a   bladder-like 
shape  found  in  the  livers  of  rotten  sheep. 

(2)  Large  maggots. 

(3)  A  kind  of  potato.     The  variety  and  the  name  are  said  to 
have  originated  in  Lancashire. 

FLUMMOXED,//.— Defeated  in  argument. 

FLUSH,  v. — (i)  To  cause  to  grow. 

This  supo'  raain  hesflush'd  th'  gress  nistly. 

(-2)  To  disturb,  to  frighten  game  or  vermin. 

Joseph  Jackson  flush' d  eaghty-three  rats  oot  on  one  stack. 

(3)  To  clear  a  drain  by  holding  up  the  water  and  then  letting 
it  go  with  a  rush. 

FLUSH  OF  MONEY.— Having  plenty  of  money  at  comrrland. 

He's  gotten  a  big  property,  bud  he  is  n't  very  flush  of  money. 
"  When  thus  the  knight  -was  flush  of  money." — Edw.  Ward,  Don  Quixote, 
1711,  vol.  i.,  p.  261. 

FLUSH  WI',  FLUSH  BY.— Even  with. 

Watter  was  flush  by  th'  bank   top ;  if  ony  moore  raain  hed  cum'd  it 
wo'd  ha'  been  oher. 

FLUSKER.— (i)  A  flutter;  a  fuss,  a  bustle. 

She  was  in  a  biggish  flush er  when  she  fun'  that  the'r  landlord  was 
cumin'  to  see  'em. 

(2)  The  noise  that  a  bird,  more  especially  one  of  the  larger 
sortc,  makes  in  rising  for  flighf. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  213 

FLUSKER,  •?•.— To  fluster. 

You  mo'iin'tflusker  them  hens  doon  noo  that  thaay're  goan  to  bed 
if  ta'  duz  thaay'll  lose  ther  sens. 

"  Not  a  sound  was  there  heard,  save  a  blackbird  or  thrush, 
That  startled  from  sleep,  flusker'd  out  of  a  bush." 

John  Clare,  Crazy  Nell. 

FLUTHER. — (i)  To  fly  out  in  a  disorderly  manner,  used  in 

relation  to  birds  and  featherlike  objects. 
(2)  To  flurry. 
FLY.— The  turnip-fly. 

FLY-BE-SKY. — A  gaudily  dressed  woman. 

She  was  ribbins  an'  floonces  fra  head  to  fut  when  she  run'd  awaay  wi' 
anuther  woman  husband.  I  says  it's  abargans  what  end  cums  fo'st  to  a 
fly-be-sky  like  that. — June,  1886. 

FLYER. — The  fan-wheel  of  a  wind-mill,  that  turns  the  sails  to 
the  wind.  The  part  of  a  spinning-wheel  armed  with  hooks, 
used  for  guiding  the  thread  to  the  twill  or  spool. 

FLYING-HORSE  SOVEREIGNS.  — Sovereigns  with  the 
Saint  George  and  the  Dragon  on  the  reverse. 

FOAK,  FOAKS.— Folk,  folks. 

Fodk  is  occasionally  heard,  but/oaks  is  the  usual  form,  being  always 
used  in  phrases  equivalent  to  "  they  say." 

Them  is  queer  fodks  at     ...     an"  noa  mistaake  ! 
Fodks  says  'at  goodness  brings  it  awn  reward,  bud  I  saay  bad  uns 
hes  best  time  on  it  here  onywaays. 

FOAL  FOOT.— Colts'  foot,  tussilago  farfara. 

Robert  Burton  enumerates  "  foalefoot  "  among  plants  good  for  the 
lungs. — Anat.  Mel.,  1624,  p.  300. 

FOAST  (foast),^.— Forced. 

FODDER.— A  certain  weight  of  lead  ;  Cf.  E.D.S.,  Gl.  B.  9, 
Bailey  Diet.,  ed.  1749,  sub  voc.,  Archtfologia,  vol.  v.,  p.  374. 

FODDIN,  FODDUN.— Contraction  of  the  Christian  name 
Ferdinand. 

Foddin  Moody  ewsed  rnoastlins  to  buy  Mr.  Peacock  line. 

FOG. — (i)  The  rough  coarse  grass  which  is  found  in  pastures 
in  the  spring,  which  cattle  will  not  eat  unless  suffering  from 
scarcity  of  food. 
(2)  The  latter-grass,  after-math,  or  eddish. 

"  Fog  for  60  head  of  cattle." — Crowle  Advertiser,  Oct.  19,  1878. 
"  A  fogge    or    aftergrasse  of  hey." — Henry    Hexham,   Netlierdnytch 
Diet.,  1660. 

The  earliest  instance  I  have  met  with  of  this  word  occurs  in  Early 
English  Alliterative  Poems  in  the  West  Midland  Dialect  of  the  Fourteenth 
Cent.  (E»  E>  T,  S.)  The  writer  is  telling  of  what  befal  Nebuchadnezzar ; 


214  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

"  His  hert  heldt  vnhole,  he  hoped  non  'o  ber 
Bot  a  best  bat  he  be,  a  boll  ober  'an  oxe. 
He  fares  forth  on  alle  fa.ure,fogge  wat}  his  mete, 
&  ete  ay  as  a  horce  when  erbes  was  fallen, 
bus  he  countes  him  a  kow,  bat  wat?  a  kyng  ryche." 

p.  88,  1.  1683. 

FOHD.— A  fold. 

You  mun  get  afohd  setten  for  them  sheap  afoore  neet. 

"  For  dyking  atfoudes,  viijs. " — Kirton-in-Limhey  Ch.  Ace.,  1565. 

FOHD -GARTH,  FOHD -YARD.— A  bedded  farm-yard  in 
which  stock  is  kept. 

FOIST,  adj.—(i)  Damp. 

A  foist  day. 

Them  cloas  is  foist  yit,  hing  'em  to  th'  fire  agean. 

(2)  Stale,    unwholesome,     clammy.      Applied    to    uncooked 
animal  food. 

FOLDBOOT.— The  right  of  taking  wood  for  the  construction 
of  cattle-folds. 

"  Also  competent  and  sufficient  hedgebote  and  foldbote." — Lease  of 
Lands  in  Brumby,  1758. 

FOLDBREACH.— The  act  of  forcibly  taking  stock  from  a 
pound. 

"Of  William  Steeper  for  a  foldbreacJi,  iiis.  iiijd." — Kirton-in-Lindscy 
Fine  Roll,  1637. 

FOLLOW,  v. — (i)  To  practise  a  trade,  profession,  or  art. 
He  did  keap  a  public,  but  noo  he  folia's  mohdin'. 
"  I  follow  fowling  and  fishing." — Geo.  Pryme,  Autobiographic  Recollec- 
tions, p.  146. 

(2)  To  make  love  to. 

Thaay  saay  as  Jim  folia's  Mary  Anne  ;  but,  braade  o'  me,  noht  '11 
cum  on  it,  'cos  boath  Squire  an'  her  faather  is  sore  setten  agean  him. 

FOLLOWER.— (i)  A  foal,  calf,  or  lamb,  while  it  follows  its 
mother. 

In  1597  William  Dinedyne,  of  Scotter,  was  fined  iijs.  iiijd-,  because 
he  permitted  "  unum  le  followers  "  to  trespass  in  the  sown  fields  there. — 
Manor  Roll  Sub.  Ann. 

"  Yows  an'  their  followeys  was  uncommon  low  last  Ketton  market." — 
5th  May,  1875. 

(2)  The  acknowledged  lover  of  a  maid  servant. 

(3)  A  thorn  or  briar  which  has  attached  itself  to  a  woman's 
dress. 

FOLLOWING-CROP,  AN  AWAY  GOING  CROP.— A 
crop,  the  produce  of  which,  exclusive  of  straw,  belongs  to  a 
farmer  after  he  has  left  his  farm, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  215 

FOLLY. — A  building  considered  by  the  neighbours  to  be 
absurdly  constructed  or  out  of  character  with  the  object  for 
which  it  was  built,  or  the  conditions  of  the  builder.  There 
is  an  eighteenth-century  house  on  the  Trent  bank  near 
Susworth,  the  popular  name  of  which  is  "  Carnley's  Folly." 
A  row  of  houses  at  Winterton,  called  "  Bonby  Folly"  or 
"  Bonby  Fancy,"  was  built  by  a  Bonby  man.  Matthew,  of 
Westminster  mentions  under  the  year  1228,  that  a  castle 
built  by  the  Hubert  de  Burgh  was  called  "  Hubert's  Folly." 

"  Propter  ipsum  castrum  Stultitiam  Hubert!  appellarunt." — Flons 
Historiarum,  ed.  1601,  p.  287. 

At  a  place  near  Swanscombe,  Kent,  is  an  earth-work  called  The  Folly. 
The  ancient  roads  from  Winchester  and  Salisbury  crossed  each  other 
at  a  place  called  Folly  Farm. — Gent.  Mag.  Lib.,  Rom.  Brit.  Rem,  ii., 
448,  530. — Cf.  Artkaologia,  vol.  xxxv.,  p.  393.  Hist.  MSS.,  Com.  Rep. 
vii.,  p.  442,  col.  i.  T.  L.  Peacock,  Gryll  Grange,  chap.  iii. 

FON,/#.— Found. 

FOND,  fl^'.— Foolish,  half-witted. 

I've  heard  on  a  many  soft  things  e'  my  time,  bud  niver  noht  hairf  soa 
fond  as  this  row  is  aboot  th'  Ows'on  graave-stoan. — May,  1875. 

As  fond  as  th'  men  of  Belton  'at  hing'd  a  sheap  for  stealin'  a  man. 

"  The  Romish  doctrine  concerning  Purgatory  .  .  .  is  a  fond 
thing,  vainly  invented." — Thirty-nine  Articles,  Art.  xxii. 

FONDY.— A  fool ;    a  simpleton. 
FOOL.— A  fowl. 

FOOL,  adj. — Foul,  ugly,  disgusting. 
FOOND.— Found. 

FOOT  (foot). — The  oo  frequently  long  as  in  boot. 
To  knit  afoot  to  a  stocking. 

FOOT-BRIG.— A  foot-bridge. 

"  Down  lane  and  close,  o'er  foot-brig  gate  and  stile." — John  Clare 
Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  32. 

FOOTEN,  v.— To  trace  by  the  foot-marks. 
It'll  be  bad  tofutten  'em  th'  land's  soa  dry. 

FOOT  FOLKS.— Persons  who  go  on  foot. 

As  well  as  gentlemen  that  rid  an'  druv  ther  was  a  sight  o'  foot  fodks 
caame  an'  all. 

"  Fot-folk  |>at  come  to  &  fro." — Rob.  Manning  of  Brunne,  Story  of 
Engl.t  i.,  390. 

FOOTING. — (i)  Money  paid  by  apprentices,  or  a  new  man,  on 
entering  on  a  job. 


216  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

(2)  The  first  layer  of  rough  stones  in  a  wall  wider  than  the 
wall  itself. 

(3)  Rank. 

He's  not  on  afnttin  wi'  th'  gentlemen. 

(4)  A  foot-print. 

"  Can't  miss  'em  if  we  nobut  follow  the  footins." — Ralf  Shrrlanqh, 
vol.  ii.,  p.  181. 

FOOT  IT,  v.— To  walk. 

Well,  as  th"  carrier's  goan  I  reckon  I  mun  fut  it. 

FOOT  ROT.— A  disease  in  the  feet  of  sheep. 

One  o'  my  bairns  hes  nearly  kill'd  his  sen  ;  he  got  to  a  pot  o'  foot-rot 
stuff  as  I  keep  e'  th'  dairy  an'  thoht  it  was  summut  sweat  like  an' 
begun  of  eatin'  it. 

FOOT-TROD.— A  foot-path. 
FOOT-UP,  v. — To  add  up  an  account. 
FOR,  adj.— Far.     See  below. 

FOR,  prep. — (i)  Going  towards. 

"  Where  is  ta  for?"     "  I'm  bun'  for  Norumby  ;  how  fur  is  it  off?" 
(2)  In  spite  of. 

I'll  do  hfor  all  you  saay. 

FORCE  PUT.— A  necessity. 

I  should  n't  hev  fall'd  oot  wi'  him  if  it  hed  n't  cum  to  a  real  force  put. 

FORE  END.— (i)  Beginning. 

Bottesworth  feast  is  e'  th'  foore  end  o'  harvist. 

(2)  The  front. 

Foore  end  o'  th'  cart. 

(3)  The  spring. 

It  was  sumtime  e'  th'  foore  end  afoore  Maa'da'  as  I  seed  her  last.  See 
FIRST  END. 

FORE-ENDS. — The  best  corn  ;  that  is  the  grains  which  fall  at 
the  fore-end  when  corn  is  winnowed.  See  HINDERENDS. 

FORE-HAND,  adj.— Beforehand. 

FORE-HORSE.— The  first  horse  in  a  team. 

FOREIGN,  adj. — Not  from  the  immediate  neighbourhood. 

FOREIGNER. — (i)  A  person  or  thing  not  belonging  to  the 
immediate  neighbourhood.  It  is  not  meant  thereby  that 
they  come  from  over-sea  lands,  but  only  that  they  are 
strangers  to  the  immediate  district, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  217 

•'  I  think  he  cum'd  fra  Raasen,  bud  it  might  be  CaaisLor,  onywaays 
he  was  a  foreigner." — W.  S.  Yaddlethorpe,  1887. 

"  She's  Yerksheer-bred  ye  see,  an  them  foreigners  is  alus  offil  e'  ther 
tempers." — John  Markenfield,  j.  135.  Cf.  Parish,  Sussex  Dialect,  sub 
voc.,  Foreigner;  Archceologia  xiij.,  315. 

(2)  A  person  whose  cattle  stra)7s  in  a  manor  wherein  he  does 
not  live,  and  in  which  he  holds  no  common-right. 

FORELDERS,  FOREBEARS,  s.pl.— Ancestors. 

FORESHORE.— That  part  of  the  side  of  a  tidal  river  which 
is  submerged  at  high  tide,  but  dry  when  the  water  is  low. 

FORESIDE.— In  front. 

Ther's  a  many  pretty  flooers  up  o'  th'  fooreside  o'  his  hoose. 
"The  Colonell  perceiving  the  garden  wall     .     .     .     too  high  to  be 
entred  on  the  foreside,  found  a  way  to  get  into  it  on  the  backside." — 
Relation  of  the  Action  before  Cyrencester,  1642,  p.  8. 

FORETURNS. — The  angular  pieces  in  the  soles  of  a  waggon, 
used  to  provide  a  place  for  the  fore-wheel  to  go  into  when 
the  waggon  turns. 

FOR  GOOD  AND  ALL.— For  ever. 

"  It's  no  ewse  dally  in'  as  if  you  could  reightle  things  efter  a  bit,  at 
noos  an'  thens  ony  time.  Remember  th'  script urs  says,  if  God  damns 
you  it  '11  stan'  for  a  doin'.  He's  of  ens  a  long  time  aboot  it — consitherin' 
like — but  \\hen  he  duz  damn,  he  damns  for  good  an'  all." — Local 
Preacher's  Sermon  in  Messingham  Methodist  Chapel ,  circa  1842. 

FORKIN-ROBIN.— An  earwig. 

FORM.— (i)  Way,  manner. 

If  ye  want  to  get  on  wi'  yer  wark  ye  mun  do  it  e'  this  form. 
I'm  e'  noa  form  for   singin'    to-neet,"    said  by  a  man  who  had  a 
bad  cold. 

(2)  A  bench  or  seat. 

"  Wintertonne  .  .  .  the  roode  loft  taken  downe  in  Anno  1563, 
and  formes  and  seate[s]  in  our  churche  made  thereof." — Invent  of  Line. 
Ch.  Goods,  1566,  p.  164. 

(3)  The  seat  of  a  hare. 

FORTNIT.— A  fortnight. 

It's  zfortnit  cum  Thursda'  sin  I  seed  him. 

"  I  tooke  her  (the  clock)  all  in  peses  and  fyld  her  new,  and  had  a 
fortnet  work  about  her." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1582. 

"  Hee  is  to  have  a.fortnit's  time  to  give  his  answer." — Document  of  1653 
in  Cox  and  Hope's  Hist,  of  All  Saints',  Derby,  p.  22. 

FORTUNE,  FOTUN  (fot-un),  v.— To  chance,  to  happen. 

If  it  fotuns  I'm  at  next  Ketton  't  Andra'  fair;  I'll  go  sea  Mary 
Jaane. 

"  If  it  fortune  that  the  said  rente  .  .  .  to  be  behinde," — Lease  of 
Manor  of  Scotter,  1537, 


218  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

FORWARD. — A  visitor  is  requested  to  "  walk  forward  "  when 
coming  in-doors  is  meant. 

FORTY-FOOT.— A  right  of  forty-foot  which  the  tenants  of 
certain  manors  had  over  the  soil  of  an  adjoining  manor. 
This  right  se^ms  to  have  existed  on  the  commons  only, 
not  in  the  open  fields.  It  may  have  originated  in  the 
necessity  of  digging  sods  for  making  banks  or  division 
waUs.  See  FREEBOARD. 

FO'ST  (fost).— First. 

Fo's;  cumfo'st  sarved. 

FOSTER.— Forester  (Obsolete). 

"  No  man  shall     .     .     .     gette  anie  woode  in  the  Lordes  wood  with- 
out leave  of  the  Lorde  or  his  lawful  /oster." — Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1578. 
"  A.  home  he  bare,  the  bauldrick  was  of  grene, 
A  foster  was  he,  soothly  as  I  gesse." 

Chaucer,  Prologue  to  Cant.  Tales. 

Foster  is  a  local  surname  which  may  be  traced  back  to  an  early 
period.  There  is  no  reason  to  suppose  that  the  Fosters  here  are  of  kin 
with  the  north  country  families  of  Foster,  Forster,  or  Forrester. 

FOTHER.— (i)  Fodder  for  cattle. 
(2)  A  certain  weight  of  lead. 

"  For  three  father  of  lead  iijs.  iiijf" — Gainsburgh  Ch.  Ace.,  1614,  in 
Stark's  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  95.  See  FODDER. 

FOTHER,  i-.— To  fodder,  i.e.  to  give  food  to  cattle. 
"  With  her  mantle  tucked  up 
Shee  fathered  her  flocke." 

Percy  Folio,  Loose  Songs,  p.  58. 

FOTHERUM.— The  room  in  which  fodder  is  kept. 

FOT'NATE,  adj.— Fortunate. 

FO'TNEET,  FORTNIT.— A  fortnight.     See  FORTNIT. 

FO'TUN.— Fortune. 

He'd  a  big  fo'tun  left  him,  but  it  will  all  be  goan  e'  a  quick-stick. 

FO'TY.- Forty. 

FOUL.— (i)  Ugly,  disgusting. 

It's  as  /owMookin'  a  plaace  as  iver  I  seed." 
(2)  Angry,  bad  tempered. 

He's  a  straange  foul  chap  when  onybody  duz  n't  suit  him. 
^  He  was  that  foul  aboot  gravil  leadin  'at  I  went  my  waays  an'  left 
him. 

FOUL-FINGERED,  adj.— Thievish, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINQHAM  WORDS.  219 

FOUL-TONGUED,  adj.— Given  to  bad  language. 

She's  as  foul-tung'd  a  woman  as  iver  cross'd  ony  mans'  door-threstle. 

FOUTY.— Musty. 
POWER  (fou-ur).— Four. 

FOWER-LAANE-ENDS.— Cross-roads. 

They  fun  some  men's  boans  at  th'  fower-laane-ends  up  o'  Yalthrup 
Hill ;  I  reckon  thaay  hed  belong'd  to  sumbody  'at  hed  maade  an  end  o' 
his  sen. 

"A  certain  esquire  on  the  Baron's  side  was  also  slain  in  the 
action  ...  he  being  also  anathematized,  was  interred  at  a  four- 
lane-end  without  the  city." — Samuel  Pegge,  in  Archaologia,  vol. 
viij.,  p.  203. 

FOX,  v. — To  carry  one  drain  under  another  by  means  of   a 
tunnel  of  wood  or  masonry. 

FOXY,  adj.— Decayed,  rancid. 

Turnips  when  they  turn  leathery  are  said  to  be  foxy. 
"The  substance  will   be  what   is  termed  foxy." — R.  W.  Dickson, 
Practical  Agriculture,  1807,  vol  xi.,  p.  260. 

FRk,prep.— From. 

"  Wheare's  ta  cum/ra  ?  "     In  Havelok  the  form  is  fro. 

FRAID,    FOR    FRAID ,— is    frequently  used  instead  of  the 
phrase  "  for  fear." 

If  I  was  you,  Maaster  Edward,  I  wodn't  talk  e'  that  waay  aboot 
coffins  an'  dead  foaks  boans,  an1  them  soort  o'  things,  for  frdaid.     One 
niver  knaws  what'll  come  next,  or  what  maks  things  come. 
She  weant  goa  by  trip-tr&ains  for  fraaid  o'  sum'ats  happenin'. 

FRAIL,  adj. — Weak  in  mind  or  body ;  fragile  in  construction 
or  condition. 

FRAME,  v. — To  set  about  a  thing,  to  contrive,  to  do  a  job  in  a 
workmanlike  manner. 

He  hes  n't  been  at  it  long,  but  he  fraames  well  enif. 
Noo  then,  fraame  is  an  injunction  given  to  anyone  who  is  doing  his 
work  awkwardly. 

"  He  could  not  frame  to  pronounce  it." — Judges,  ch.  xii.,  v.  6. 
"Thoo  fraames  like  a  cat  e'  pattens,"  said  of  one  who  frames  ill. 

FRANGY     (franj-i),    adj.- — Spirited,    unmanageable,    said     of 
horses  ;  and  by  a  figure  of  speech  of  men  and  women. 

FRANNEL.— Flannel. 

FRATCH.— A  petty  theft.— Burton-upon-Stathw. 

FRAUNGE.— -  A  village  feast  (obsolescent), 


220  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

FRECKENED,  pp. — Freckled.  Fraknes  occurs  in  Chaucer, 
meaning  freckles. 

"His  nose  was  high,  his  eyen  bright  citrin, 
His  lippes  round,  his  colour  was  sanguin, 
A  tevfefraknes  in  his  face  yspreint." 

The  Knight cs  Talc,  1.  2171. 

FREE,  adj. — Affable,  courteous,  condescending. 

You  maay  knaw  a  real  lady  or  gentleman,  thaay're  alus  so  free. 

FREEBOARD. — A  strip  of  land  beyond  the  boundaries  of  a 
manor  or  beyond  the  limits  of  the  property  of  a  private 
individual,  over  which  the  tenants  of  the  manor  or  the 
private  owner  exercise  rights  more  or  less  limited. 

"  In  all  cases  where  any  of  the  lands  ....  intended  to  be 
.  .  .  .  inclosed  shall  adjoin  on  any  freeboard,  screed,  or  parcel  of 
land  left  on  the  outside  of  the  fences." — Epworth  Enclosure  Act,  1795, 
p.  25.  See  FORTY-FOOT. 

FREE  LAND. — Freehold  land,  as  distinguished  from  copyhold. 

FREE-MARTIN. — When  a  male  and  female  calf  are  produced 
at  the  same  time,  the  female  is  called  a  free-martin)  and  is 
believed  to  be  usually  barren. 

FRENCH,  adj. — Applied  to  white  butterflies,  as  distinguished 
from  the  coloured  varieties  ;  pale  snails  as  distinguished 
from  those  of  a  darker  tint.  A  schoolboy's  term.  During  the 
great  war  with  France  boys  used  to  wage  relentless  war 
upon  all  white  butterflies  and  light-coloured  snails. 

FRENCH  WILLOW.— The  Willow-herb. 

FRESH. — The  fresh  water  of  the  Trent  after  rain  or  snow  as 
distinguished  from  the  tidal  water. 

"  The  frequent  and  heavy  pressure  of  both  ebbs  and  freshes." — Will. 
Chapman,  Facts  and  Remarks  Relative  to  the  William  and  the  Welland, 
1800,  p.  35. 

FRESH,  adj. — (i)  Slightly  the  worse  for  drink. 

(2)  In  good  condition  ;  improving  ;  said  of  horses  and  cattle. 

FRET. — To  weep,  to  be  in  trouble  of  mind. 

She  bears  up  well,  bud  you  may  see  she  frets  her  sen  aboot  him  as  is 
goan. 

FRETHERICK.— The  Christian  name  Frederick. 

FRIDGE  (frij1),  v. — To  graze,  to  chafe,  to  wear  away  by 
rubbing. 

FRIM,  adj. — Sour;  said  of  grass. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  221 

FRIT,  pt.  *.— Frightened. 

Did  the  rats  kill  the  pigeons  ?  No,  but  thaay  frit  'em  oot. — November 
24,  1874. 

"  The  coy  hare  squats  nestling  in  the  corn, 

Frit  at  the  bow'd  ear  tott'ring  o'er  her  head." 

John  Clare,  Sonnet,  xlviii. 

FROG. — (i)  A  writer  in  Notes  and  Queries  who  dates  from 
Winterton,  and  signs  "J.T.F.,"  says  that  "A  man  at 
Winterton,  Lincolnshire,  lately  related  this  experience  in 
answer  to  inquiries  as  to  his  wife's  health. 

He  said,  "  She's  a  deal  better  then  what  she  was,  but  there's  a 
somethink  illive  what  rises  up  in  her  throat.  I  know  what  it  is,  but  I 
don't  like  to  tell  her.  It's  a  live  frog."  On  some  doubt  being  expressed 
as  to  this  being  the  true  explanation  of  his  wife's  sensations,  he  went  on 
to  say,  "  O,  but  there's  a  woman  at  Ferriby  'at  hed  one  for  years  just 
the  same,  an'  it  allus  started  croakin'  every  spring  at  generin'  time." — 
Sixth  Series,  vol.  i.,  p.  311.  Cf.  p.  392. 

(2)  The  thrush,  a  disease  in  the  mouths  of  infants. 

"  Why,  m'm,  my  bairns  was  niver  bother 'd  long  wi'  th'  frog,  for  I  alus 
wipt  the'r  mooths  oot  wi'  the'r  piss-cloths,  an'  thaay  scarcelins  iver 
aail'd  ony  moore.  It's  a  pity  'at  people  duz  n't  knaw  o'  such  things,  but 
I've  tell'd  a  many,  a  many  I  hev." 

FROG-LOHP,  FROG-LOHPIN'.— The  boys  game  of  leap- 
frog. 

FROG-TAIL. — "  Thoo's  a  mem'ry  like  afrog-taail,  i.e.,  you  have 
no  memory. 

FRONDEL.— See  FRUNDEL. 

FRONTSTEAD. — Probably  the  frontage  of  a  house,  croft,  or 
garden. 

"  All  and  every  the  messuages,  cottages,  tofts,  frontstcads,  garths,  .  .  . 
in  the  said  parish  of  Haxey." — Epworth  and  Haxey  Enclosure  Act,  1795, 
p.  36. 

FROST,  v. — To  turn  up  a  horse's  shoes,  or  to  put  frost-nails  in 
them,  to  hinder  the  animal  from  slipping  on  the  ice. 

FROSTED. — (i)  Having  chilblains. 

(2)  Frozen. 

All  them  blessed  wo'zels  hes  gotten  frosted '. 

FROST-NAILS,  s.  pi. — Nails  with  projecting  heads  put  into 
horses'  shoes  for  the  purpose  of  enabling  the  animals  to 
hold  their  feet  in  frosty  weather. 

FROST  OILS.— A  liniment  used  for  frost-bites. 

FROUZY,  adj.—(i)  Ill-dressed. 
(2)  Slovenly. 


222  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS, 

FRUGGANS.— A  slovenly  woman. 

FRUGGIN. — A  fork  with  which  sticks  are  put  into  a  brick 
oven. 

"  Fourgon  ...  a  coal-rake  or  an  oven  fork." — Boyer,  French- 
Eng.  Diet. 

"In  the  kitchen  ...  on  fniggin." — Inventory  of  Tho.  Tcanly,  of 
Barton-on-Humber. 

FRUMERTY.  —  A  preparation  of  creed-wheat  (q.v.)  with 
milk,  currants,  raisins,  and  spices  in  it,  given  to  the  servants 
at  harvest  suppers. 

FRUMERTY-SWEAT.— A  great  fidget. 

She  was  in  a  real  frumerty -sweat ;  her  maaster  broht  hoam  six  gentle- 
men to  dinner  an'  ther'  was  noht  at  all  for  'em  but  th'  fag-end  of  a  cohd 
leg  o'  mutton. 

FRUMPS. — An  ill-tempered  old  woman. 

FRUNDEL,  FRONDEL.— Two  pecks  (obsolete).  See  Bailey's 
Diet.,  sub.  voc.,  FRUNDELE. 

"  From  Martyngmes  to  Mydsomer  j  frondallle  off  malt." — Bottesford 
Manor  Records  Temp.,  Edward  VI. 

"  j  frundell,  of  barlye,  to  be  sowne  to  the  common  vse  of  the  town." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1547. 

FRUSH,  v. — To  rub  ;  to  rub  bright ;  to  polish. 

FRUZ  (fruz),  ?•. — To  rub  the  hair  the  wrong  way  on  ;  to 
entangle. 

"  It  was  his  practise  ...  to  feed  them  [his  cattle]  from  his 
neighbour's  hay-stacks,  and  so  cunning  had  long  practise  made 
him  .  .  .  that  he  could  .  .  .  smooth  the  place  down,  and 
fmzz  it  up  from  beneath  so  deftly,  that  no  one  could  tell  that  any  hay 
had  been  taken." — Yorkshire  Mag.,  May,  1873,  p.  378. 

FRUZZY  (fruzz-i),  FUZZY,  adj.-(i)  Rough,  said  of  the  hair. 
(2)  Spongy,  said  of  wood,  fruit,  and  vegetables. 

t  "  Turnips  are  rarely  of  good  quality  on  peaty  land  ;  they  are  produced 
either  very  large  or  fruzzy,  or  very  close,  rindy,  hard,  and  stunted." — 
J.  A.  Clarke,  Farming  in  Lincolnshire,  1852,  p.  146. 

FULL -BANG,  FULL  -  BUTT,  FULL  -  DRIVE,  FULL- 
SMACK,  FULL-SPLIT,  FULL-TILT.  —  With  much 
impetuosity  or  violence. 

FULLOCK  (fuol-uk).— Force  ;   violence. 

Th'  big  wind  blew  doon  one  o'  oor  chimla'  pots  wi'  a  fine  fullock. 
Th'  tonups  hes  n't  started  to  graw  yit,  but  th'  lands  full  o1  muck; 
when  thaay  do  begin,  my  eye,  thaay  will  go  wi'  a  fullock. 

FULLOCK,  v. — To  shoot  a  marble  with  the  hand  as  well  as 
the  thumb,  considered  by  boys  an  unfair  advantage. 


MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  228 

FULLOCKER.— Any  person  or  thing  that  is  very  large,  or 
goes  with  great  force  and  violence. 

FUM'LER. — A  fumbling  awkward  person  who  cannot  succeed 
in  what  he  tries  to  do. 

FUM'LIN',  adj. — Clumsy;  awkward. 

I'm  nobbut  fum'lin'  noo,  I'm  gettin'  an  ohd  man  you  see. 

FUMMED  (funrurd).— A  polecat. 

FUN',  FUND,//.— Found. 

Sum  pots  wi'  ashes  in  'em  was  fun'  at  Frodingham  a  while  back. 

FUNNEL. — A  mule  whose  sire  was  an  ass. 

FUNNY. — Strange,  mysterious,  offensive,  as  used  without  any 
sense  of  amusement. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  such  a  funny  noise  heard  theare,  foiiks  was  scar'd 
to  live  e'  th'  hoose. 

To  keap  fun'rals  waaitin'  time  efter  time  is  a  straange  funny  waay  for 
a  parson  to  go  on.  See  DROLL. 

FUNT.— A  church-font. 
FUR,  prep.— For. 
FUR,  adj.— Far. 

FUR.— A  furrow. 

Th' /wrs  was  all  full  o' watter  on  pag-rag  daay,  an'  soa  th1  taaties 
rotted.— 1886. 

FUR-BILL.— A  bill-hook  ;  perhaps  a  furze-bill. 
FUR-BUSK.— A  bush  of  gorse. 
FUR-STACK.— A  stack  of  gorse. 

FURDER,  adj.  and  adv.— Further. 

Whitton's  a  long  waay  furder  no'th  then  Appleby. 
"  Which  on  occasion  may  be  easilie  scene  by  the  furder  searche  of  the 
recordes."— Norden's  Survey  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  p.  10. 

FURK.— A  fork. 

FURLONG. — (i)  The  boundary  upon  which  the  separate  lots 
abut  in  an  open  field. 

(2)  The  separate  lots  in  an  unenclosed  field.   • 

"The  furlong  is  the  furrow-long,  i.e.,  the  length  of  the  drive  of  the 
plough  before  it  is  turned  ;  and  that  this  by  long  custom  was  fixed  at 
40  rods,  is  shown  by  the  use  of  the  Latin  word  quarmtena  for  furlong." — 
Seebohm,  English  Village  Community,  p.  2. 

FURM.— Form  (q.v.) 


224  MANLEY    AND   CORRINGIIAM   WORDS. 

FURNIS.— (i)  Furnace. 

(2)  A  fire  under  a  copper  or  set  pot  (q.v.) 

(3)  The  copper  itself. 

FURSKIN.— The  prepuce. 

FUR-STOCK-HOLE  (obsolete).— A  hole  made  by  digging  fir- 
trees,  or  their  roots,  out  of  the  peat  on  the  moors. 

"  No  person  shall  leave  any  fur-stock-holes  vnfilled  in  paine  of  euery 
offence  xf." — Scatter  Mandr  Roll,  1599. 

FURZE. — Gorse.  It  is  noteworthy  that  Fur  is  never  used  in 
connection  with  Furze,  except  in  composition,  as  Fur  busk, 
Fur  stack  (q.v.) 

FUSTY-LUGS. —A  dirty  person.     Lugs  are  ears  (q.v.) 
FUZZY.— See  FRUZZY. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORPS.  225 


GABBING,  pns.  //.—Gabbling. 

He's  alus  gabbin'  aboot,  i'  stead  o'  stickin'  to  his  wark. 

GABLOCK,  GAVELOCK.— A  crowbar. 

"  Gavelock     .     .     .     ,  a  pick  or  iron  bar  to  dig  holes  to  put  stakes 
into  the  ground."— Th.  Dytche,  Eng.  Diet.,  1777. 

GABY.— A  blockhead.     See  GAWBY. 

GAD. — (i)  A  goad  ;  an  instrument  with  a  sharp  iron  point, 
used  for  driving  oxen  (obsolete). 

(2)  A  measure  of  grass-land,  equal  to  a  swathe,  that  is,  six 
and  a-half  feet.  Gad  occurs  in  the  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Court 
Roll  for  1593. 

"  All  the  lands  in  the  Ings  are  laid  out  in  gads  or  swaths  ;  they  are 
called  gad-meadows." — Survey  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

GAD  ABOUT.  -A  light,  unsteady,  young  girl. 

She's  a  real  gad  aboot ;  I'm  scar'd  sum'uts  as  is  noht  '11  be  happenin' 
to  her. 

GAD-WHIP. — A  whip  used  by  farm  labourers  for  horsss,  and, 
while  the  custom  continued,  by  church  dog-whippers. 
The  essential  difference  between  a  modern  cart-whip 
and  a  gad-whip  is  that  the  stock  of  the  gad-whip  is 
stiff,  not  elastic,  and  the  thong  much  heavier.  An  estate 
in  the  parish  of  Broughton  was  held  by  the  service  of 
cracking  a  gad-whip  every  year,  on  Palm  Sunday,  three 
times,  in  Caistor  Church-porch,  while  the  minister  was 
reading  the  first  lesson.  At  the  beginning  of  the  second 
lesson  the  bearer  of  the  gad-whip  approached  the  minister, 
and  kneeling  opposite  him,  with  the  whip  in  his  hand, 
having  an  old-fashioned  purse  at  the  end  of  it,  he  waved  it 
three  times,  and  then  continued  in  a  steadfast  position 
while  the  lesson  was  ended,  when  the  ceremony  was 
concluded. 

11  The  whip  has  a  leathern  purse  tied  at  the  end  of  it,  which  ought 
to   contain   thirty   pieces   of   silver,    said   to   represent,    according    to 
Scripture,  '  the  price  uf,  blood.'     Four  pieces  of  weechelm  tree  (wych- 
elm,  ulmus  montana),   of  different   lengths,  are  affixed   to   the  stock, 
Q 


226  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

denoting  the  different  Gospels  of  the  Holy  Evangelists.  The  three 
distinct  cracks  are  typical  of  St.  Peter's  denial  of  his  Lord  and  Master 
three  times,  and  the  waving  it  over  the  minister's  head  as  an  intended 
homage  to  the  blessed  Trinity." — William  Andrews,  The  Gad-whip 
Manorial  Service,  p.  2;  Cf.  Gent.  Mag.,  Nov.,  1799,  p.  940;  Arthur 
Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  21  ;  J.  Ellett  Brogden,  Provincial  Words  in 
Lincolnshire,  p.  76. 

GAFF,  GAFFER.— (i)  An  old  man. 

(2)  The  foreman  on  a  farm,  the  leader  of  a  body  of  workmen, 
the  head  man  in  any  kind  of  business. 

When  ohd  Beaconsfield  was  gaffer  we  hed  n't  bad  times  like  theiise 
here. — August,  1887. 

GAIN,  adj. — (i)  Expert,  handy. 

She's  very  gaain  wi'  milkness. 
(2)   Nigh  to. 

"  Mr.  Lamb  told  him  to  get  it    [sand]    at  the  gainest  place." — Tho. 
Brock,  of  East  Ferry,  in  Gainburgh  News,  March  30,  1878. 
"  Hov,  wide  was  it  ?"     "  Very  gaain  three  foot." 
"  The  Lion  Red  received  him  safe, 

A  gain  back-door  he  spied. 
The  Isle  ne'er  saw  such  legs,  I  ween, 
As  down  that  by-street  hied." 

Election  Song,  1852. 
See  GEAN. 

GAIN-HAND,  adv.— Nigh  to. 

You're  as  gaain-hand  Cath'lics  as  iver  you  can  goa  wi'oot  gettin'  yer 
goons  pull'd  off,  said  to  a  high-church  clergyman  by  a  Protestant 
parishioner. 

GAINSBURGH.  —  The  old  church  at  Gainsburgh  was  de- 
molished about  the  year  1740,  and  a  classical  building 
erected  in  its  room  ;  the  mediaeval  tower  was  not  destroyed, 
but  remains  to  this  day. 

"  Gains 'br'  proud  people 
Built  a  new  church  to  an  old  steeple." 

GAINSOME.— Expert;  handy. 

GALE. — The  fragrant  bog-myrtle,  often  called  "  sweet-gale." 
It  is  reputed  to  have  the  power  of  driving  away  moths  and 
fleas. 

GALLIVANTING.— Gadding  about;  flirting. 
GALLOND.— A  gallon. 

GALLOUS  (gal-us),  adj. — Mischievous,  wild,  rakish. 

"  I  alus  thoht  you'd  be  a  noht,  you  was  so  gallons  when  you  was 
yung." — Ric.  Elsome,  1875. 

I  tell'd  oor  school  missis  that  I  dooted  she'd  niver  mak'  noht  on  oor 
Mary  Louisa,  she's  such  an  a  gallons  lass,  bud  she  said,  "  She  dar  say 
she'd  ton  oot  all  reight ;  she  alus  did  like  a  gallons  lass." 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  227 

GALLOWAY.— A  pony,  irrespective  of  its  breed. 

GALLOWS.— "  Thaay  bury  them  as  kills  ther'  sens  wi'  hard 
wark  anean  th'  gallas." 

This  saying  refers  to  the  custom  once  common  of  burying  executed 
criminals  beneath  the  galloivs.  The  bodies  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  John 
Bradshaw,  and  Henry  Ireton,  after  their  graves  had  been  desecrated, 
were  hanged  at  Tyburn  and  afterwards  buried  in  a  deep  hole  under  the 
gallows. — MercuriusPiiblicus,  Feb.  7, 1660,  quoted  in  Cromu>eliiana,p.  186. 
See  CHARD. 

There  was  in  former  days  a  gallows  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey  ;  a  place 
known  in  1787  as  Gtf/Anc'-hole-dale  probably  marked  the  spot. 

GALLOWSES,  s.  pi. — A  pair  of  braces  for  holding  up  the 
trousers. 

GALLY-BALK. — An  iron  bar  in  an  open  chimney  from  which 
cooking  vessels  were  suspended. 

GALLYGASKINS,  s.  //.—Gaiters. 

"My  friend  was  very  uneasy  about  his  hapless  galligaskins." — Journal 
of  William  Kirby,  1797,  in  Freeman's  Life  of  Kirby,  p.  96. 

"  5  December,  15,  Elizabeth. — True  bill  that  .  .  .  Richard  Sutton 
.  .  .  stole  a  felt  hatt  with  fifteen  shillings  and  a  pair  de  le  galligas- 
coyns  panni  lanei  coloris  nigri  ad  valenceam  xxxiiif-" — Middlesex  County 
Records,  vol.  i.,  p.  77. 

GALLY-POT. — A  small  white  pot  used  by  chemists  for  sending 
out  ointments  and  salves. 

I  was  once  omust  poison'd  all  thnf  a  gaily -pot.  My  ohd  woman  hed 
maade  sum  apple-pies,  an'  she  hed  taa'en  a  gally-pot  she'd  fun  an'  putten 
it  inside  o'  one  on  'em  to  raaise  up  th'  crust.  It  look'd  clean  enif,  bud  it 
hed  hed  blisterin'  sauve  in  it  that  I'd  hed  for  Smiler,  oor  ohd  black 
mare  leg,  an'  th'  hotness  o'  th'  fire  broht  all  th'  poison  oot  o'  th'  pot 
into  th'  pie. 

GAM. — (i)  A  game. 
(2)  A  trick. 

He's  up  to  his  gams,  said  of  a  mischievous  person  or  animal. 

GAME  LEG.— A  disabled  leg. 

GAME,  TO  MAKE. — u  To  make  game"  of  a  person  is  to  make 
fun  of  him,  to  turn  him  into  ridicule. 

GAMMISH,  adj. — Gamesome;  playful. 

GAMMON. —  Used  as  an  interjection  to  signify  rubbish! 
nonsense ! 

GANGER,  GANGSMAN. — The  foreman,  or  head-man  over  a 
gang  of  workmen. 

GANT  (gaant),  adj. — Gaunt ;  thin  ;  lanky. 


228  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

GANTREE,  GANTRY.— (i)  A  wooden  frame  used  to  support 
a  barrel.  The  Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726,  has  "  gaun-tne,  a 
stillirg,  stand,  or  wooden  frame  to  set  casks  on." 

(2)  A  low  shelf  of  wood  or  masonry  on  which  milk  pansions 
(q.v.)  are  placed  in  a  dairy. 

(3)  The  shelves  on  which  coffins  stand  in  a  burial  vault. 

GAPE-SEED.— Something  to  stare  at. 

She's  goan  to  Brigg  Stattus  to  gether  gaape-sead. 

GAP-MAKER.— (i)  A  hedge  breaker. 
(2)  A  poacher. 

GAPSTEAD.— A  hole  in  a  hedge  or  wall. 

"  That  the  said  Lorence  make  a  sufficient  yate  into  the  little  field 
and  that  he  raise  his  gapstead  and  make  a  trough  through  it  for  the 
conveyance  of  his  water  before  Candlemas  next  in  paine  of  vjs-" — 
Court  Roll  of  Little  Carl  ton,  1651. 

GAP  TOOTHED.— A  person  who  has  lost  one  or  more  front 
teeth  is  said  to  be  gap  toothed. 

GAPY. — Given  to  gaping. 

GAR,  v. — To  cause  (obsolete). 

"  Jesu,  for  yi  modir  sake, 
Save  al  the  savls  that  me  gart  make." 

Inscription  on  a  bell  in  Aukborough  Church. 

"  Prie3  for  ye  gild  of  Corpus  Xpi,  quilk  yis  window  garte  make." — 
'Inscription  formerly  in  Blyton  Church,  Harl.  MS.,  6829,  fol.  198. 

GARDIN  (ga-din).— A  garden. 

Common  foaks  like  me,  you  see,  says  gardin ;  but  them  as  tries  to 
talk  fine  is  very  partic'lar  to  saay  garding. 

GARE,  GAREING. — A  term  used  in  ploughing  to  denote  a 
triangular  piece  of  ground  in  a  field  or  close  which  has  to 
be  ploughed  \vith  furrows  of  differing  length. 

"  vij  landes  and  ij  garinges  cont.  iij  acres." — Terrier  of  Lands  of  John 
Dyon,  in  Little  Caiiton,  1574. 

"  In  1787  there  was  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey  a  piece  of  land  described  as 
'  the  gare  in  the  great  Ings.'  " — Survey  of  Manor. 

GARGASED.— Ulcerated. 

GARLANDS. — It  was  formerly  the  custom  in  most  of  the 
Lincolnshire  villages  for  a  garland  to  be  suspended  from 
the  roof  of  the  church,  the  screen,  or  some  other  con- 
spicuous place,  when  a  young  unmarried  woman  died. 
Several  of  these  garlands  were  in  existence  in  Bottesford 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  220 

Church  until  the  screen  was  destroyed  in  1826.     There  is 
one  in  Springthope  Church,  near  Gainsburgh. 

It  would  seem  that  these  garlands  were  placed  upon  the  bier  or  coffin, 
and  so  carried  to  the  grave  with  the  body,  before  they  were  hung  up  in 
the  church.  There  is  an  engraving  of  one  being  borne  upon  a  coffin  in 
The  Roxburghe  Ballads  (Ballad  Soc.},  vol.  ii.,  p.  644. 

A  correspondent  informs  me  that  "  funeral  garlands  were  once 
common  in  the  Bishopric  of  Durham.  When  the  practise  of  suspending 
them  in  the  churches  there  was  discontinued  is  uncertain  " — Cf.  an 
article  by  L.  Jewitt,  in  The  Reliquary,  vol.  i.,  p.  5  ;  Jackson's  Shropshire 
Folk-Lore,  p.  6. 

The  idea  that  the  blessed  dead  wear  garlands  is  widespread,  and  may 
be  seen  illustrated  in  many  Christian  pictures.  The  three  drowned 
sons,  in  the  ballad  of  The  Wife  of  Ushers  Well,  when  they  returned  to 
their  mother,  wore  hats  made 

"O"  thebirk; 
It  neither  grew  in  syke  nor  ditch, 

Nor  yet  in  ony  sheugh  ; 
But  at  the  gates  o1  Paradise 
That  birk  grew  fair  eneugh." 

Scott,  Border  Min.,  1861,  vol.  iii.,  p.  259. 

"  The  Jews  have  a  like  tradition.  The  spirit  of  a  holy  man  who 
died  at  Worms  is  recorded  to  have  appeared,  crowned  with  a  garland, 
to  the  Rabbi  Ponim.  The  Rabbi  asked,  '  What  is  the  meaning  of  that 
garland  ?  '  The  apparition  answered,  '  I  wear-  it  to  the  end,  the  wind 
of  the  world  may  not  have  power  over  me,  for  it  consists  of  excellent 
herbs  of  Paradise.' " — Traditions  of  the  Jews,  abridged  from  the  Latin  of 
BUXTORFF,  1734,  vol.  ii.,  p.  20. 

"  It  is  the  virgin's  crown,  being,  I  suppose,  an  emblem  of  the  old 
and  beautiful  idea  that  young  virgins  are  snatched  away  by  death  that 
they  may  become  the  '  brides  of  Christ,'  like  those  who  dedicate 
themselves  to  Him  living  when  they  take  the  veil." — Notes  and  Queries, 
iv.  series,  vol.  xij.,  p.  480. 

GARTH.— (i)  A  stackyard. 

(2)  A  yard  in  which  cattle  are  folded. 

(3)  A  small  enclosure  near  a  homestead. 

"  Of  William  Hodshon  for  not  keeping  a  sufficient  fence  betweene  hes 
garth  and  Thomas  Jepsey  close,  according  to  order." — Kirton-in-Lindsey , 
Manorial  Fine  Roll,  1630. 

There  are  enclosures  at  Winterton  called  Catile-garths,  Ha.\\-garths, 
and  Hemp-garths. 

11  In  1799  there  was  a  house  and  three  acres  of  land  in  Kirton,  called 
Stockgw/A." — Petition  of  the  Pindar. 

"A  garden  for  potatoes  of  a  rood  or  half  an  acre  called  a.  garth" — 
Arthur  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  412. 

Cf.  Line.  Notes  and  Queries,  I.,  42. 

GARTH,  v.— To  feed  cattle  in  a  garth. 

Shelton  ewst  to  garth  at  th'  Moors  afoore  he  was  fooreman. 

GARTH  MAN  .—  The  man  who  attends  on  stock  in  a  fold-yard. 

GARTHSTEAD.— (i)  A  homestead. 

(2)  A  stack-yard. 

(3)  A  yard  in  which  cattle  is  folded, 


230  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

GASH.— Gas. 

GASKINS,  5. //.—Gaiters. 

"Paid  for  his  gaskins.'' — Leverton  Ace.  of  Overseers  of  Poor,  1594,  in 
Archaologia,  vol.  xli.,  p.  370.  See  GALLYGASKINS. 

GATE.— (i)  Way;  manner. 

If  you  go  on  at  that  gaate  we  shall  soon  hev  dun. 

(2)  A  road  (obsolete),  except  in   compounds   as  Yearls^afc, 
Winterton. 

"  Thou  canst  full  well  |>e  ricthe  gate, 
To  Lincolne  ]>e  gode  borw." — Havelok,  1.  846. 

"  John  is  gone  to  Barnsdale; 
The  gates  he  knowes  eche  one." 

Guy  of  Gisborne,  Percy  Folio,  vol.  ii.,  p.  229. 

(3)  The  right  of  pasture  for  cattle. 

I've  hired  a  gaate  upon  Butterwick  Haale. — August,  1875. 

In  1613,  Richard  Plomer  surrendered  to  Thomas  Wells  "  a  gate  for  a 
beast  or  horse  in  le  seuerall  pasture  in  Scotter." — Scatter  Manor  Roll. 

"  That  none  shall  lett  any  gates  in  the  Inges,  but  to  those  that  have 
gates  of  ther  awne,  on  payne  of  eurie  beast  iijs.  iiijd. " — Hibbaldstow 
Manor  Roll,  1613. 

"  On  the  north  and  south  cliffs  [at  Kirton-in-Lindsey]  are  several 
commons,  called  Old  Leys,  and  Lodge  Leys,  which  were  formerly 
plowed ;  but  by  length  of  time  are  become  unknown  land  and  are 
therefore  stocked  by  gaits  like  other  commons." — Survey  of  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

"  In  all  this  country  [the  neighbourhood  of  Winterton]  the  common- 
gate  for  a  cottager's  cow  is  2  acres  for  winter,  and  i£  for  summer." — Arth. 
Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799.  p.  413. 

GATE  AND  STOUP.— Totally ;  entirely. 

He'll  be  sell'd  up  gaate  and  stohp  sum  o'  thease  daays  if  he  duz  n't 
leave  off  drinkin'  an'  stick  to  his  wark. — Yaddlethorpe,  May,  1886.  See 
STUMP  AND  RUMP. 

GATEBOOT. — The  right   of  cutting  wood  for  making  gates 
(obsolete) . 

"  To  have,  perceive,  and  take  .  .  .  •  sufficient  houseboot,  hedge- 
boot,  .  .  .  gateboot  andstakeboot." — Lease  of  Lands  in  Brumby,  1716. 

GATE-ROW.— A  street,  a  narrow  lane  (obsolete). 

"  In  hac  habitat  platea  ;  hedwels  in  this  street  or  gate-row." — Bernard, 
Terence,  p.  76. 

At  Kippax,  near  Castleford,  in  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  there 
is  a  narrow  bye-lane  called  the  Gate-row. 

The  tramways  in  coal-pits  at  and  near  Nostell,  Yorkshire,  are  called 
gate-rows. 

GATERS,  TO  GO,   r. — To  go  a  gaaters  with   a  person  is  to 
accompany  him  part  of  the  way  home  or  on  a  journey. 

GATES. — Go  your  gaates — a  form  of  dismissal  for  one  who  is 
troublesome.     See  GATE. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  281 

GATH. — GARTH,  q.v. 

GATHER.— (i)  An  abscess. 
(2)  A  collection  of  money. 

GATHERS,  GATHERINGS,  s.  //.—The  folds  in  a  woman's 
dress. 

GATHMAN.— Garthman,  q.v. 
GAVELOCK. — See  GABLOCK. 
GAWBY  (gaub-i).— A  blockhead. 
GAWK,  GAWKY.— An  awkward  person. 

GAWM  (gaum),  v. — To  stare  vacantly. 

She's  th'  idledist  lassatwixt  here  an'  Lincoln,  niver  cares  for  noht  at 
all,  bud  to  dawk  her  sen  oot  e'  fine  cloas  an'  goa  to  chappil.  So  I  says 
to  her  one  neet,  says  I,  "  Why,  Mary,  it's  not  to  hear  th'  preacher 
thoo  goas,  it's  for  noht  at  all  else  bud  that  th'  sarvant-chaps  may  gawm 
at  thy  garments." 

GAW-MAN. — One  who  stares  about  vacantly. 

GAWMY.— Awkwardly. 

That  theare  stohp  oor  missis  hes  hed  setten  doon  agean  ohd 
George's  looks  real  gawmy. 

Noa  body  can  build  moore  gawmy  then  thoo  duz. 

GAWP  (gaup),  v. — To  gape. 

"  This  is  sneezing  to  which  is  frequently  added  gaup  ing  or  retching." — 
Francis  Fuller,  Medicina  Gvmnastica,  1718,  p.  6. 

GAWSTER,  v. — To  laugh  loudly,  awkwardly,  or  impudently. 

GAWSTERING. — Noisy ;  talkative  ;  ungraceful  in  manner. 

I  can't  bear  to  live  in  a  yard  wi'  so  many  gawsterin'  women  aboot. — 
Winterton,  Sept.  29,  1877. 

GAY,  adj. — (i)  Convalescent,  well  after  being  ill. 
I  heard  thoo  was  badly  bud  thoo  looks  gaay  enif. 

(2)  Flourishing,  said  of  crops  or  cattle. 

This  raain  '11  mak'  tonups  look  gaay. 
Them's  a  gaay  lot  o'  hogs  o'  yours. 

(3)  Light  in  conduct,  having  the  manners  or  appearance  of  a 
harlot. 

GAZEBO  (gaizee'boa). — An  artificial  mound  ;  a  tower  or  lofty 
outlook  platform  on  the  roof  of  a  house.  There  is  a 
little  building  so-called  at  Walcot.  It  stands  on  a  mound 
planted  with  shrubs  near  Kellwell. — T.  T.  de  F. 

At'Harpswell  .  .  .  there  is  ...  on  the  north-western  side 
of  the  grounds  an  artificial  mound,  some  twelve  or  fifteen  feet  in  height, 


ii'}2  MANLKY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

and  about  fifteen  or  twenty  yards  in  circumference,  which  goes  by  the 
name  of  the  gazebo.  There  have  been  terraced  walks  round  it,  and  it 
has  evidently  been  planted  with  ornamental  shrubs.  .  .  .  The 
tradition  of  the  village  is  that  the  gazebo  was  a  place  for  outdoor 
musical  entertainments. 

GEAN  (gi-h'n),  adj. — Near. 

Ther's  a  gciin  waay  'cross  cloases  for  them  that's  on  foot. 

GEAR.  —  Goods,  furniture,  wealth,  circumstance,  condition 
(obsolescent). 

"  Lord  when  wilt  thou  amend  this  geared — Sternliold  and  Hopkins, 
Psalms  xxxv.,  18. 

GEAR,  OUT  OF. — In  bad  health,  spirits,  or  circumstances. 

I  thoht  as  pinks  wod  lose  Squire  afoore  we  heard  ;  you  look'd  all 
oot  o}  gear  fost  when  I  seed  you. — Briyg,  July  7,  1886. 

GEARS,  GEARING.— (i)  Harness  of  draught-horses. 

"  Geers  or  chains  ;  these  are  general  terms  for  trappings,  harness  and 
all  other  things  that  belong  to  draught-horses  or  oxen." — Dictionarinm 
Rusticum,  1726,  sub  voce. 

(2)  The  furniture  of  a  threshing-machine,  cut-box,  turning- 
lathe,  or  any  other  such-like  thing. 

GEE. — The  word  cf  command  to  a  horse  to  go  to  the  right. 
In  the  Messingham  "Vicarage  Terrier,"  of  1686,  a  place  is 
mentioned,  called  u  Jee  Close  Nook."  It  not  improbably 
took  its  name  from  its  being  a  spot  where  a  turn  to  the 
right  was  made  in  ploughing. 

GEE  Y'  AT  (gee  yut). — Give  you  it. 

"  I'll  gee  y'  at,  you  little  divil  ;  nobbut  let  me  catch  ye,  an'  I'll  skin  ye 
alive." — Mother's  Address  to  her  child,  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1853. 

GELL  (gel).— A  girl. 

GEN  (gen),  pp. —  (i)  Given. 
(2)  In  the  habit  of. 

My  mester  is  gen  to  drink  a  sup  noo  an'  then,  that  I  mun  awn. 

GEN  (gen),  v. — To  grin. 

When  he's  mad  he  gens  like  a  dog. 

GENDER. — Frog  spawn. 

GENDERING  TIME.— The  time  when  frogs  spawn. 

GEN'RALINS.— Generally. 

I  gcn'ralins  goas  to  Gaainsbr'  of  a  Tuesda'. 

GENTLF,  p.— To  tame,  to  make  gentle 


MANLEY    AND    CORR1NGHAM    WORDS.  233 

GENTLEMAN. — A  person  who  has  sufficient  property  to  live 
without  working.  A  real  gentleman  signifies  one  of  family 
or  culture.  Gentleman  is  often  prefixed  as  a  title  like  "  Lord," 
as  Gentleman  Stocks,  Gentleman  Rowbottom,  to  distinguish 
the  person  meant  from  others  of  the  same  surname. 

GERMAN  LAYLOCK.— Valerian,  Centranthus  ruber. 
GERN  (gern). — To  grin.      See  GEN. 

GERRAWAY  WI'  YER.— Get  away  with  you. 

I  didn't  insult  her,  sir  ;  noa  not  one  bit,  I  nobbut  said,  gerraa-ay  -ii»'' 
yer,  ye  can'le-faaced  mucky  whore,  if  I'd  a  bitch  one  hairf  as  foul  as  ihoo 
is  I'd  hing  her  up  of  a  esh  tree  top  for  th'  craws  to  pick  at. 

GERT,  adj.— Great. 

GESSLIN'. — A  gosling  ;  a  young  goose. 

GET,  v. — (i)  Used  as  an  auxiliary  ;  as  to  get  shaved  ;  to  get 
married  ;  to  get  starved,  to  get  agate. 

(2)  To  beget. 

(3)  To  grow  ;  to  become. 

She's  gotten  all  reight  agen  sin'  she'd  th'  feaver. 

(4)  To  gain,  said  of  a  clock  or  watch. 

She  gets  sorely  ;  we  mun  hev  Dick  Wraay  to  her. 

GET  AGATE.— To  begin. 

Noo,  then,  stir  yer  sen,  it'll  be  eaght  o'clock  afoore  you  get  agaate  else. 

GET  A  HEAD,  v. — To  grow,  or  increase  in  a  greater  degree 
than  something  else. 

Them  ketlocks  is  get  tin'  a  head  fast ;  thaay'll  choak  all  th'  barley  if 
thaay're  not  seen  to. 

GETHER,  r.— (i)  To  gather. 
(2)  To  catch. 

When  I  was  leavin'  Slaate  Hoose,  I'd  getten  a  cart  full  o'  things 
ready  for  startin' ;  well,  the  herse  bohts  awaay  wi'  me  a-top  o'  th'  load, 
I  jumps  off,  runs  alongside,  an'  gethers  him ;  ohd  Johnson,  th1  rat- 
catcher, was  stannin"  long-side  an'  thoht  noht  else  bud  I  should  ha'  been 
kill'd. 

GETHERING.— (i)  An  abscess. 
(2)  A  collection. 

Thaay'd  a  pretty  good  getherin*  at  th'  missionary  meetin'. 

GET  INTO  BED  TO,  v. — To  cause  severe  mental  affliction 
which  deprives  the  sufferer  of  his  power  of  sleep. 

I  doant  knaw  how  it  was  wi'  you,  squire,  bud  when  I  thoht  that 
drean  head  o'  yours  was  gooin  awaay,  it  got  into  bed  to  me  reg'lar  ivery 
neet  ;"  said  by  an  East  Butterwick  man  at  a  time  when  high  tides  were 
caus:ng  much  danger  to  the  sluices  on  the  Trent  banks* 


234  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

GET  IT  UP. — To  invent  or  circulate  gossip  or  scandal. 

Thaay've  got  it  up  at  As'by  'at  I'm  gooin'  to  marry  her,  bud  I'd  as 
soon  wed  a  fur-busk  as  a  woman  wi'  a  tung  like  hers. 

GET  OFF.— To  commit  to  memory. 

Oor  bairns  gets  off  a  collect  iv'ry  Sunda'. 

GETTEN, />/.—(i)  Gotten. 
(2)  Begotten. 

GETTEN.— Used  as  an  infinitive. 

She's  goiin  upstairs  to  getten  cleaned. 

GEV  (gev),  pp.-Ga.ve. 

GHOST  CANDLE. — Candles  which  are  kept  burning  around 
a  dead  body  before  burial,  now  said  to  be  used  for  the  sake 
of  warding  off  ghosts,  in  former  times  used  also  as  an  act 
of  worship. 

"We  could  not  deem  that  her  soul  was  lost, 

So  we  lighted  the  ghost  candles  round  her  bed." 

A  Crone's  Tale,  in  The  Academy, 
Sept.  29,  1885,  p.  204. 

GIANTS'  CAUSEWAY  STONES.— Small  fossils;  joints  of 
pentacrinites ;  'star-stones.' 

GIB  (gib).— (i)  A  gosling. 

(2)  A  very  young  woman  whose  manners  are  childish. 

"  She's  a  silly  yung  gib  yit,  though  she's  been  married  a  twel1  munth 
an'  hes  a  babby."— Bottesford,  1886. 

(3)  The  blossoms  of  the  willow. 

GIBBLE-GABBLE.— Silly  chatter. 

I  niver  heard,  barrin  at  chech  an"  chapil,  sich  gibble -gabble  e'  my  life. 

GIBLETS  (jib-lets),  s.  pi. — The  head,  feet,  and  edible  internal 
parts  of  a  goose  or  duck. 

GIDDY,  adj. — Sheep  are  said  to  be  giddy  when  they  have 
water  on  the  brain,  or  have  hydatids  therein. 

GIE,  v.— To  give. 

GIF,  conj.—ll. 

Son  :  Parson  says  I've  besn  a  bad  lad,  an'  wean't  hev  me  at  th' 
school-feast. 

Mother  :  Naay  sewerly  bairn. 

Son :  Ey,  he  did ;  so  as  I  wor  cumin'  by  the  ohd  fellas'  yaate  I 
chuck 'd  a  stoan  doon  his  pump  barril. 

Mother :  Then  thoo  is  a  bad  lad,  an'  gif  ta  duz  n't  tak  it  oot  agean, 
an'  quids,  I'll  leather  the  mysen. — Blyton,  1843. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  235 

GIFTS,  s.  pi. — White  specks  which  appear  on  the  finger  or 
thumb  nails.  They  are  supposed  to  indicate  that  a  present 
will  soon  come. 

Gift  on  the  thumb,  is  sure  to  come  ; 

Gift  on  the  finger,  is  sure  to  linger. 

GIG,  TO  PULL  A. — A  person  wishing  to  describe  any  very 
small  thing  as  very  large  of  its  kind  is  wont  to  say  that  it 
is  big  enough  to  pull  a  gig. 

When  I  was  e'  Holland  I  itched  straangely  when  I  "was  e'  bed  one 
neet,  so  I  leets  can'le  an'  lawsy  me,  if  ther'  was  n't  a  grut  huge  lop  e' 
bed  big  enif  to  pull  a  gig. 

GILL  (jil). — Half  a  pint.  For  some  unexplained  reason 
"genteel''  people  object  to  using  the  word  gill,  though  no 
exception  is  taken  to  gallon,  pint,  quart,  &c.  When  the 
word  gill  is  required  they  always  say  "  half  a  pint." 

GILLEFAT  (giHfat).— A  brewing  tub. 

"  A  lead,  a  mashefatt,  agylfatt,  with  a  sooe  xvs- " — Inventory  of  Roland 
Staveley,  of  Gainsburgh,  1551. 

GILLERY  (gil-eri). — Over-reaching;  cheating. 
Ther's  gillery  in  all  traades. 

GILLIMBER.— The  late  Rev.  John  Mackinnon,  writing  in 
1826  (A  cc.  of  Messingham,  p.  33),  gives  Gillimber,  a  labyrinth, 
a  puzzle.  The  author  has  never  heard  the  word  ;  it  is 
almost  certainly  a  form  of  Julian  Bower  (q.v.) 

GILLIVER-WREN,  GILLER-WREN  (jiHver,  jil-er).— The 
wren. 

"  The  Robin  and  the  Giller-wren 
Are  God  Almighty's  cock  and  hen." 

GILL  RUN  BY  TH'  GRUND  (jil).— Ground  ivy. 

GILLY- FLOWERS  (jiH-flou-urz),  s.  p.  —  WTall  -  flowers. 
Stocks  are  called  Siock-gilliflowers. 

GILT  (gilt).- — A  female  pig  before  she  has  had  a  litter. 

GILTED  (gilt-ed),  #>.— Gilded. 

His  shop's  gotten  gret  gilted  letters  oher  th'  frunt,  ivery  bit  as  big  as 
bee-skeps. 

11  As  for  their  tongue,  it  is  polished  by  the  carpenter,  and  they 
themselves  are  gilted,  and  laid  over  with  silver,  yet  are  they  but  lyes 
and  cannot  speak." — Baruch,  ch.  vj.,  v.  7  (Geneva  version). 

GIMLET-EYED,  adj. — Used  of  one  who  has  a  cast  in  his 
vision. 


23G  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

GIMLET-NOSE.— A  gnat. 
GIMLECK.— A  gimlet. 

GIMMER,    GIMBER.— A    female   sheep    that    has    not    been 
shorn. — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  320. 

GIN  (gin),//. — Given. 

He's  gin  eleven  hundred  pund  for  th'  coney-garth  an'  th'  long  cloase. 

GINGER. — A  light  red  or  yellow  colour,  applied  to  the  hair. 
You'll  easy  knaw  him,  he's  a  tall  man  wi  ginger  whiskers. 

GIP  (jip). — A  common  name  for  a  shepherd-dog. 

GIPSEY-ROSE. — The  bedeguar,  that  is  a  hair-like  gall  on  the 
wild-rose.     See  CANKER  (2). 

GISTE  (jeist).— (i)  A  joist. 

(2)  The  taking  in  to  graze  of  another  person's  cattle.  See 
COWELL,  Law  Diet,  sub  voc.  A  gist ;  Du  Fresne  Gloss.,  Ned. 
Lat.  sub  voc.  Agistare. 

"  Richarde  Hollande  hathe  taken  of  straungers  vj  beas  gyest  in  y 
Lordes  commene,  &  therefore  he  is  in  ye  mercie  of  ye  lorde  iijs.  iiijd." — 
Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1558. 

"De  Thoma  Easton  quia  cepit  le  giste-horses  in  commune  pastura, 
iijs.  iiijd." — Ibid,  1598. 

"  They  are  forced  to  sell  their  heeders,  and  joist  their  sheeders  in  the 
spring." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  325. 

GIT  (git),  v.— To  get. 

I  can  git  noa  sense  oot  on  him. 

"  Th'   inhabitantes  of  the  towne  of  East-Butterwycke   shall   cutt 
downe  nor  gyt  no  ellers." — Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1556. 

GIVE  AGEAN,  v.— To  thaw. 

GIVE  HOLD  OF  IT.— To  rate,  to  punish,  to  beat. 

I'll  give  ye  hohd  on  it  th'  very  next  time  I  clap  eyes  on  ye. 

GIVE  IN.— (i)  To  yield. 

He's  clear  bet,  but  he  weant  give  in. 

(2)  To  give  way  ;  used  regarding  floors. 

If  them  bawks  is  not  putten  across,  th'  graainry  floor  '11  be  givin'  i  t 
an1  we  shall  hev'  sumbody  kill'd  oher  th'  job. 

(3)  To  tender  an  estimate. 

GIVE  IT  IN. — To  give  judgment ;  to  state  a  positive  opinion. 
I  thoht  he'd  ha'  hed  to  goa  to  prism,  but  th'  jury  wodn't  gie  it  in  noa 
uther  waays  then  for  him. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

GIVE  OUT. — To  fail ;  to  become  exhausted  or  weary. 

Yon  well  e'  th'  Aacre-gap  cloas  alus  gives  oot  e'  a  dry  time. 
Them  'ats  as  fierce  as  fierce  can  be  e1  mornin'  of'ens  gics  oot  afoore 
neet. 

GIVE  OVER,  v.— To  leave  off. 

Bairns  alus  gies  oher  gooin'  to  school  when  taatie-time  puts  in. 

GIVEN,/)/.— In  the  habit  of. 

He's  straangely  given  to  drink. 

"  Lord,  Lord,  how  the  world  is  given  to  lieing." — i  Henry  IV.,  Act  v., 
sc.  iv.,  1.  149. 

GIZEN  (geiz*n). — An  ill-dressed  person. 

GIZZEN  (giz-n). — (i)  The  gizzard  of  a  bird. 
(2)  The  human  stomach. 

GIZZEN  (giz-n),  v. — To  stare  vacantly. 

Thoo's  alust  gizzenin'  aboot  at  foaks  passin'  'estead  o'  mindin'  thy 
wark. 

GLASS. — A  barometer  ;  a  thermometer. 
GLAZEN,  v.— To  glaze. 
GLAZENER.— A  glazier. 

GLEAMY. — Weather  that  is  fitful  and  uncertain.    Rain-clouds 
and  sunshine  blended  is  called  "  gleamy  "  weather. 

GLEAN. — A  sheaf  of  hemp. — Instrttc.  for  Jurymen  on  the  Com.  of 
Sewers,  1664,  p.  41. — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  157. 

GLEANT  (gleent),//.— Gleaned. 

I'm  not  gooin'  to  hev  my  cloases  glednt  afoore  th'  stooks  is  all  shifted. 

GLEG.— A  glance. 

"I've  niver  been  afore  any  magistrates  in  this  part  i'  my  life,  and 
would  n't  mind  hevin'  a  gleg  on  'em." — Mabel,  Heron,  vol.  i.,  p.  108. 

GLEG,  adj.— (i)  Sly. 
(2)  Sharp,  active,  quick. 

GLEVVED,  ^.—Fondly  attached. 

Her  fond  o'chech  !  She's  that  glewed  to  it  you  cculdn't  get  her  to  goa 
nowheare  else  if  you  was  to  paay  her. — 1875. 

"  Call   off  men    who  were  glew'd  unto  earthly  cares." — N.    Bailey, 
Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  222. 

GLIB,  adj. — (i)  Quick,  sharp,  active. 

He's  glibbest  bairn  at  cypherin'  we  hev  i'  school. 


288  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS, 

(2)  Slippery,  smooth. 

Mind  how  ye  walk,  th'  roads  is  that  glib  wi'  ice  I  o'must  fall'd  doon 
three  times  'e  cumin'  across  chech-yard. 

GLIMMER-GOWK.— An  owl. 

A  glimmer-gowk's  afoore  ony  cat  fer  mice. 

GLINT. — A  glimpse. 

I  nobbut  just  got  a  glint  o1  my  laady  as  she  was  walkin'  doon  to  th' 
chech. 

GLINT,  v. — To  gleam. 

Th'  sun  glinted  upo'  th1  glass  winda's  that  bad  I  was  omust  blind 
wi'  it. 

GLISTER,  v.— To  glisten. 

GLOAR,   GLORE,    GLOWER,   v.  —  To    stare   vacantly  or 
gloomily. 

Doan't  stan'  glodrin*  e'  that  how.     Did  n't  ta  iver  see  an  almanac  on 
a  hoose  wall  afoore  ? 

"  How  under  the  wenches'  fine  bonnets  he'd  glower, 
As  smiling  they  came  in  the  porch." 

John  Clare,  The  Disappointment. 

GLUMPS,  adj. — Surly,  taciturn,  ill-natured. 

GNAG  (nag),  v. — (i)  To  gnaw. 

(2)  To  talk  at  a  person,  to  weary  with  continual  finding  fault. 

GNARL,  v. — (i)  To  gnaw. 

(2)  To  grumble. 

She's  alust  a.  gnarlin'  at  me  aboot  sumthing. 

GO,  v. — (i)  This  verb,  followed  by  the  conjunction  "  and,"  is 
frequently  used  redundantly. 

If  he'd  ended  like  uther  foaks  I  should  n't  ha'  cared,  bud  to  god  an1 
dee  e'  that  fashions. 

(2)  To  die. 

She  was  gooin1  all  neet,  an'  she  went  just  as  th'  sun  begun  to  shine 
into  th'  room  winda'. 

In  the  Northern  English  gang  is  used  in  the  same  sense. 
"  Sail  we  yung  Benjie  head,  sister, 

Sail  we  young  Benjie  hang, 
Or  sail  we  pike  out  his  two  grey  een, 

And  punish  him  ere  he  gang.'" 
Young  Benjie,  in  Scott,  Border  Min.,  Ed.  1861,  vol.  iii.,  p.  16. 

GOAL,  v. — To  wash  away ;  said  of  earth  washed  out  of  a  hole 
in  a  bank  by  rushing  water. 

Th'  rats  hes  maade  a  hoale  thrif  th'  bank,  an'  when  Taacey  taks  in  a 
tide,  th'  waiter  goals  it  awaay. — Ashby,  Oct.  21,  1876. 

Th'  waiter's  goal'd  a  big  hoale  e1  my  beck  boddoms  ;  it'll  tak  Johnson 
a  weiik  to  staaithe  it  up  agean. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  239 

GOAFER  (goaf'r). — A  cake  made  of  batter  baked  over  the  fire 
in  an  iron  instrument  somewhat  like  a  pair  of  tongs  with 
very  large  ends. 

Goafers  are  commonly  square,  but  sometimes  round.  The  inner  part 
of  the  instrument  in  which  they  are  baked  has  many  square  projections 
that  form  holes  in  the  goafer,  which  should  be  full  of  butter  when 
eaten. 

The  goafer  is  said  to  have  been  introduced  into  Lincolnshire  and 
the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire  from  the  Netherlands  in  the  seventeenth 
century.  I  have  seen  precisely  similar  cakes  exposed  for  sale  in  bakers' 
shops  at  Rotterdam.  French,  gofre,  gaufre,  a  wafer. — Cf.  Tomlinson's 
Hatfield  Chace.,  p.  170.  Line.  Notes  and  Queries,  i.,  41. 

GOAFERING  IRONS.— The  instruments  in  which  goafers  are 
baked. 

GOAN,//.— Gone. 

GOAT,  GOTE,  GOWT.— A  sluice. 

"A. goat,  or  as  you  more  commonly  call  it,  a  sluice." — Instruc.  for 
Jurymen  on  the  Commission  of  Sewers,  1664,  p.  22. 

"The  present  new  sluice  or  goat,  as  they  call  it,  at  the  end  of 
Hamond  Beck." — The  Ancient  and  Present  state  of  the  Navigation  .  .  .  of 
Lyn,  Wisbeach,  Spalding,  and  Boston,  1751. 

"  Vast  quantities  of  water  were  discharged,  which  used  to  enter 
through  the  Gout  at  Langare." — Will.  Chapman,  Facts  and  Remarks 
relative  to  the  Witham  and  the  Welland,  1800,  p.  29. 

There  was  formerly  a  drain  in  the  township  of  Burringham  called 
Goat  dyke  which  probably  acquired  its  name  from  one  of  these  goats. 

GO  AWAY. — (i)  When  a  sluice  or  the  bank  of  a  river  or  drain 
breaks,  it  is  said  to  go  away. 

"  Yisterdaay  th'  Trent  bank  went  awaay  on  Sir  Robert's  land  at 
Butterwick  for  sixty  yards  together." — 10  March,  1875. 

(2)  Young  plants,  such  as  wheat  or  turnips,  are  said  to  go  awaay 
when  they  are  eaten  by  insects,  or  die  from  too  much  or 
too  little  moisture. 

GOB.— (i)  The  mouth. 

(2)  A  large  thick  expectoration. 

GOBBED  UP. — Stuffed  up ;  probably  a  modern  introduction  ; 
an  iron-worker's  term. 

GOBBLE  (i)  The  noise  made  by  a  turkey. 
(2)  A  deep,  thick,  resonant  voice. 

GOBBLE,  v. — To  swallow  food  without  mastication. 
GOBBLE-GUT.— One  who  is  greedy. 

GOBBLER.— (i)  A  turkey-cock. 
(2)  A  goblet, 


240  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

GO-BY. — To  give  a  person  the  go-by  is  to  leave  him  in  the  lurch, 
to  desert  him. 

GO-CART. — (i)  A  machine  in  which  children  learn  to  walk. 

(2)  A  small  carriage  in  which  children  are  drawn  about. 

"The  perfectly  true  plea  that  tens  of  thousands  of  people  need  to 
be  kept  in  moral  go-carts  for  the  whole  of  their  lives,  and  that  the 
church  go-cart  is  the  safest." — Church  Times,  July  9,  1886,  p.  526. 

(3)  A  child's  toy  like  a  cart. 

GOD  BLESS  YOU. — Said  to  a  person  after  sneezing. 
GOD'S  EYE.— Veronica  Chamcedvys. 

GOD'S  PENNY. — A  small  payment  made  to  fasten  a  bargain  ; 
a  fasten-penny  (obsolete). 

"  Recyvyed  of  Roberte  Johnson  for  a  godes  pennye  of  the  headlandes 
xijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1567. 

John  Lawston  for  a  godes  penye  iijjd — Ibid,  1575. 

GOD'S-TRUTH,    BIBLE-TRUTH.— The    very    truth;    the 
exact  truth  on  some  matter  of  great  importance. 

It's  th*  God's-trewth ;  I  wish  I  may  niver  speak  anuther  wo'd  if  it 
was  n't  just  as  I'm  tellin'  ye. 

GOED,  v.— Went. 

Efter  we'd  talk'd  a  bit,  he  goed  one  way  an'  Igoed  anuther. 

GO  ENDERDS. — Go  ends  wi'  you  ;  go  on  ;  go  along  with  you. 
GOFF. — One  who  laughs  without  cause  or  beyond  measure. 

GOGGLES. — (i)  Fruit  of  Ribes  Grosmlaria. 

(2)  Spectacles. 
GOHD.— Gold. 
GOHDEN.- Golden. 

GOINGS  ON,  s.pl.— Doings. 

When  she's  at  hoam  all's  reight  enif,  bud  when  her  back's  nobut 
ton'd,  ther's  fine  gooin's  on  I  can  assewer  you. 

GOMERIL    (gonruril). — A   silly   person,   especially   one   who 
talks  much  or  loudly. 

GONE. — Milk  is  said  to  be  gone  when  it  has  turn'd  sour. 

GOOD  AND  ALL,  adv.— Entirely,  for  ever. 

When  I  went  awaay,  I  thoht  it  was  nobbut  for  a  weak  or  two,  bud  it 
to'n'd  pot  to  be  for  good  and  all. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  241 

GOOD  BRED.— Well  bred,  said  of  horses  and  cattle. 

Ther's  two  fine  things  e1  this  wo'ld,  Squire — a  man  'ats  afeard   o' 
noht,  an"  a  good  bred  hoss  wi'  plenty  o'  boane. 

GOOD-DOER. — An  animal  that  keeps  in  healthy  and  thriving 
condition. 

GOODEN,  v. — To  grow,  to  improve. 

My  bairn  goodens  nistely,  duzn't  he  ? 

Them  hogs  goodens  fast  noo  the're  upo'  th'  sweades. 

GOOD-FEW..  GOOD-MANY.— A  fair  quantity  ;  many. 
How  are  you  off  for  apples  to  year  ?     We've  a  good-few. 
"  Ther's  gotten  to  be  a  good  many  graaves  e'  this  bit  o'  time  e'  oor 
chech-yard." — Burringham,  1873. 

GOOD  GOER.— A  horse  who  does  his  work  well. 

GOODIES,  s.  //.—Children's  sweet-meats. 

Oor  parson's  as  fond  o'  goodies  as  a  bairn,  he'd  be  suckin'  'em  all  daay 
long  if  he  hed  'em. 

GOODISH,  adj.-(i)  Excellent. 

He'll  mak'  a  goodish  thing  this  year  o'  his  taaties. 
(2)  Often  used  ironically. 

You've  maade  a  goodish  thing  on  it  this  time,  th'  packit's  goan  an' 
you'll  be  laate  for  th'  traain. 

GOOD  LIKE,  adj.— Goodly. 

What  do  you  think  to  her  ?     Why,  she's  as  lean  as  a  witterick  an' 
not  hairf  so  good  like. 

GOOD  MIND. — A  strong  desire  and  intention. 

She  said  she'd  a  good  mind  to  hing  her  sen,  soil  I  ax'd  her  if  I  mud 
send  for  Mr.  Holgaate  (the  coroner)  to  be  ready  like. 

GOOD  ONESELF.— To  look  forward  to,  to  anticipate. 
Thoo  nead  n't  good  thy"  sen  on  it,  fer  thoo'll  niver  fall  it. 

GOOD-STUFF.— Sweetmeats. 

Mr.  Moore  broht  sum  good-stuff  fo  me  all  th'  waays  oot  o'  France. 

GOOD  TO  LIKE. — Satisfactory.     A  wound  not  going  on  well 
is  "  not  good  to  like.'' 

Sin'  this  raain's  cum'd  th'to'nups  is  a  deal  better  to  like  then  th'  was. 

GOOD  TO  NOHT. -Good  for  nothing. 

GOOD-WOOLLED,  adj.-(i)  Said  of  sheep  with  good  fleeces. 
(2)  Plucky,  with  a  good  will. 

He's  a  good-woolled  un  ;  one  o'  that  soort  as  duzn't  knaw  when  he's 
bet. 


2-1*2  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

GOOD  YOU  WITH  IT,  GOD  GOOD  YOU  WITH  lT,phr.-- 
"  May  you  have  good  by  it,"  commonly  said  by  way  of 
sarcasm. 

A  man  called  .  .  .  hes  gotten  my  farm.  God  good  him  ni'  it,  an' 
send  him  a  weet  summer  to  mak'  th'  wicks  graw. 

"  Mary,  said  John  Copyldyke,  flood  you  uith  •//." — Star  Chamber  Pro- 
ceedings Tnnp.,  Hen.  VIII,,  in  Pro.  Soc.  Ant.,  Second  Series,  vol.  iv.,  p.  321. 

GO  ON.,  v. — (i)  To  scold  ;  to  complain. 

'•  I  really  wonder  you  can  go  on  soa;  ther's  noht  to  complaain  on, 
barrin'  th'  noise  you  mak'  yersen. 

(2)  To  be  in  the  habit  of  misconducting  oneself;  generally 
used  with  regard  to  the  social  proprieties. 

GO,  ON  THE. — When  anything  is  popular  or  much  used,  it 
is  said  to  be  on  the  go. 

Peram'laators  is  all  on  th'  god  noo;  thei'  wasn't  sich  an  a  thing 
when  I  was  a  little  lass. 

Cath'lics  is  on  th '  god  noo ;  we  ewsed  to  reckon  'em  as  bad  as  Aatheists 
when  oor  ohd  curate  was  here,  bud  things  hes  sorely  chaanged  sin  he 
left  us. 

GOOSE.- — Chimnies  used  to  be  swept  by  letting  a  cord  down, 
and  having  attached  it  to  the  legs  of  a  goose,  drawing  the 
bird  slowly  up  and  down. 

"  This  recalls  to  my  memory  ...  a  certain  ingenious  gentleman, 
who  proposed,  as  the  best  and  most  effectual  method  of  sweeping 
chimnies,  to  place  a  large  goose  at  the  top,  and  then  by  a  string  tied 
around  her  feet  to  pull  the  animal  gently  down  to  the  hearth.  The 
sagacious  projector  asserted,  that  the  goose  being  extremely  averse  to 
this  method  of  entering  a  house,  would  struggle  against  it  with  all 
her  might,  and  during  this  resistance  would  move  her  wings  with  such 
force  and  rapidity  as  could  not  fail  to  sweep  the  chimney  completely. 
'  Good  God,  Sir!'  exclaimed  a  lady  who  was  present  when  this  new 
method  was  proposed,  '  How  cruel  would  that  be  to  the  poor  goose  ! ' 
'  Why,  madam,'  replied  the  gentleman,  '  if  you  think  my  method  cruel 
to  the  goose,  a  couple  of  ducks  will  do.'  " — John  Moore,  View  of  Society 
and  Manners  in  Italy,  6th  ed.,  1795,  vol.  ii.,  p.  246. 

The  writer  seems  to  have  regarded  this  method  of  sweeping  chimnies 
as  a  suggestion  only.  It  was,  however,  a  common  practise  here  in  the 
beginning  of  the  present  century. 

GOOSECAP.— A  fcolish  person. 

"  Euery  man  seekes  his  acquaintance,  his  kindred  to  match  with  him, 
though  he  be  an  anaufe,  a  ninny,  a  monster,  agoosecap." — Rob.  Burton, 
Anat.  Mel.,  1624,  p.  138. 

GOOSE-FLESH,  GOOSE-SKIN.— The  roughening  of  the 
skin  caused  by  cold  or  fear. 

GOOSE-GRASS.— Silver-weed,  Potentilla  Anserina.—See  Th. 
Stone,  Rev.  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  1800,  p.  189. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS,  248 

GOOSE-TOD. — Goose-dung.  The  dung  of  the  goose  was,  and 
is,  used  here  and  elsewhere  as  a  medicine  for  men  and 
animals.  See  BLACK-JAUNDERS. 

Richard  Symonds,  in  1645,  mentions  it  as  forming  part  of  a 
compound  for  a  blow  in  a  horse's  eye. — Diary,  226. 

GOPPEN,  GROPPEN.— As  much  as  can  be  contained  in  both 
hands,  when  held  so  that  the  little  fingers  touch  each  other. 

I  gev  him  his  goppens  full  o'  nuts. 

GORE.— (i)  A  cut  in  a  bank. 

"  Cores,  these  according  to  the  vulgar  use  of  the  word,  I  conceive  to 
be  ...  nothing  else  but  great  breaches  cr  great  cuts  wilfully 
made." — Instruc.  for  Jurymen  on  the  Com.  of  Sewers,  p.  42. 

(2)  An  angular  piece  inserted  in  a  woman's  skirt. 

(3)  The  core  of  a  boil. 

"  I  pot  a  lily-root  pultis  on  it,  an'  then  it  started  an'  stang'd  while  I 
could  scarcelins  bear  my  sen,  but  efter  a  bit  oot  (,orc  cums  like  oht." — 
H.  T.,  Bottesfoni. 

GORSE,  GOSS.— Furze.     There  is  a  place  in  the  parish  of 
Messingham    called  G0ss-acres,   which  probably  takes   its 
name  from  this  shrub.    It  is  mentioned  in  the  Terrier  of  1686. 
"  Therefore  leave  the  shadeless  goss, 
Seek  the  spring-head  lin'd  with  moss." 

John  Clare,  Noon. 

GOTE.— See  GOAT. 

GO,  THE.— In  fashion. 

It's  all  the  god  noo  to  be  a  teetoataller  ;  when  I  was  a  lad  a  man  was 
noht  thoht  on  if  he  could  n't  drink  his  five  or  six  glass  an'  walk  strlght 
efier.—Ashby,  1880. 

GO  THY  WAAYS.— Begone  with  you. 

GOTTEN,//.— (i)  Got. 

Mistress  :   What !    ha'nt  you  gotten  your  sen  clean'd  yit ;  why,   it's 
foher  o'  clock  e'  th'  efternoon  if  it's  a  minnit  ? 
Maid:  Noa,  I  sha'n't  naaither  yit ;  I  ha'n't  gotten  dun  by  a  deal. 

(2)  Begotten. 

GOULE. — Probably  the  outfall  of  a  drain  (obsolete), 

"  Thomas  Staveley  shall  make  one  sufficient  stathe  at  the  south  side 
of  his  goule ." — Inquisition  of  Sewers,  1583,  p.  4. 

GOUT.— See  GOAT. 

GOWK  (gouk).— (i)  A  cuckoo. 
(2)  A  fool. 


244  MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

GOWL  (goul).-  —  A  lump  or  swelling  on  the  body. 

My  husband  fetch'd  me  a  knock  oher  my  head  'at  raais'd  a  greiit 
'at's  here  for  you  to  see  noo,  sir. 


GOY,  GUM.  —  A  form  used  by  vulgar  people  who  desire  to 
swear,  but  wish  to  avoid  using  the  Divine  name. 

GOZZARD.—  A  fool. 

GRAFT,  GRAFF.  —  A  drain  ;  commonly  one  newly  cut. 

A  deep  graffe  and  wide,  full  of  water.  —  S}  monds'  Diary,  p.  231. 

Oliver  Cromwell,  on  i5th  of  November,  1648,  writing  of  Pontefract 
Castle,  speaks  of  "the  depth  and  steepness  of  the  graft,"  meaning 
thereby  the  moat.  —  Carlyle,  Cromw.,  vol.  i.,  p.  331. 

"  Parapett  wall  of  the  graff,  and  at  the  west  end  of  the  same  gra/."  — 
CJiatsworth  Building  Ace.,  in  Jour,  of  Derby  sh  .  Arclicfological  Soc.,  vol.  iii., 
p.  41. 

GRAFTED,  //.—Having  dirt  dried  in  the  skin. 

GRAFTER.  —  A  long  iron  spade  used  for  digging  hard  ground, 
especially  by  workmen  engaged  in  making  drains  and 
banks. 

GRAIN,  GRAINING.—  (i)  The  junction  of  the  branches  of  a 
tree  or  forked  stick. 

"  The  misseltoe-thrush  hes  begun  to  build  i'  iti  graain  of  th'  Hessle 
pear  tree."  —  Bottesford,  1866. 

"  If  you  cut  the  cherry-tree  top  off  abuv  the  graaining  it  will  be  sewer 
to  graw;  if  you  goa  below  them  it  will  be  sewer  to  dee."  —  Yaddlethorpe, 
1845. 

"  'Neath  a  spreading  shady  oak, 

For  a  while  to  muse  I  lay  ; 
From  its  grains  a  bough  I  broke, 
To  fan  the  teasing  flies  away." 

John  Clare,  Recollections  of  a  Ramble. 
"  And  as  he  rode  still  on  the  plaine, 
He  saw  a  lady  sitt  in  a  graine." 

Sir  Lionell,  Percy  Folio,  vol.  i.,  p.  75. 
("  Icel.  gmn,  a  branch."—  W.  W.  S.) 

(2)  The  groin. 

(3)  The  fork  of  a  boat-hook  or  stower. 

GRAINS,  5.  pi.  —  Malt  after  it  has  been  used  in  brewing. 
Thoo  mun  give  them  graains  to  th'  pigs. 

GRANNY-SNEEL.  —  A  snail  having  a  large  grey  shell.  Some 
of  us  believe  here  that  all  snails  are  born  without  shells, 
but  that  as  they  grow  up  they  find  shells  and  creep  into 
them. 

GRANMOTHER.—  Grandmother. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  245 

GRAPE-FEET. — The  wild  orchis,  orchis  mascula.  This  may  be 
an  error  of  pronunciation  for  crake-feet. — See  Britten,  Eng. 
Plant  Names  (E.D.S.),  sub  voc. 

GRAPPLE. — To  struggle,  to  exert  one's  self  to  the  utmost. 

What  wi'  swimmin'  an'  what  wi'  grafplin'  to  get  to  bank-top  them 
little  ducks  was  lagged  whiles  thaay  could  n't  chirrup. 

GRASS-TREE.— A  child's  toy  made  of  grass. 

GRAVE,  v. — To  dig,  and  especially  to  dig  turves  and  peats  for 
fuel. 

"  No  man  shall  graue  any  turves  in  th'east  car  nor  in  Rany  [how] , 
vpon  payne  for  euery  dayes  work,  iijs.  iiijd." — Scotter  Manor  Roll,  1557. 

"  None  shall  grave  any  sodes  or  turves  nor  bassockes  of  the  sowthe- 
easte  syde  the  grene  gaitte  and  abut'tinge  of  the  south-west  of  Grene 
Howe  in  pena,  vjs.  viijd." — Bottesford  Manor  Roll,  1578. 

GRAVIL  (gravil).— Gravel. 

GRAVING-TOOL. — A  spade  used  in  making  drains. 

GRAW,  v.— (i)  To  grow. 
(2)  To  cultivate  ;  to  rear. 

Thaay  ewsed  to  graw  a  deal  o'  line  by  th'  Trent  Side. 
I  doan't  graw  beas,  I  stick  to  sheap. 

GRAWSUM,  adj. — Growing  ;  favourable  to  growth  ;  applied 
to  the  weather. 

It's  a  gyawsum  time  noo,  pasturs  hes  cum'd  on  real  well  this  last  weak. 
April  igth,  1888. 

GREASE.— Flattery. 

I  should  like  him  a  vast  sight  better  if  he  hed  n't  soa  much  on  his 
grease. 

GREASE- HORN. — (i)  A  horn  formerly  used  by  mowers  for 
carrying  grease  for  their  "strickles"  (q.v.) 

"  The  tooles  that  mowers  are  to  have  with  them  are,  sythe,  shaft, 
and  strickle ;  hammer  to  pitte  the  strickle  with,  to  make  it  keepe  sande, 
sande-bagge  and  grease-horned — Best's  Rural  Economy  in  Yorkshire,  1641 
(Surtees  Soc.},  p.  32. 

"  Sir  Walter  (Scott)  got  from  Dr.  Elliot  the  large  old  border  war- 
horn  which  you  may  still  see  hanging  in  the  armory  at  Abbotsford. 
.  .  .  .  I  believe  it  had  been  found  at  Hermitage  Castle,  and  one  of 
the  doctor's  servants  had  used  it  many  a  day  as  a  grease-horn  for  his 
scythe,  before  they  discovered  its  history." — Lockhart's  Life  of  Scott, 
ed.  1844,  p.  54. 

(2)  A  flatterer. 

GREAT,  adj. — (i)"Far  gone  in  pregnancy. 
(2)  On  very  intimate  terms  ;  in  high  favour. 

Sam's  very  great  wi'  .  .  .  .  If  he'd  nob  but  keap  fra  drink  he 
mud  stop  theare  till  he's  past  doin'  onything. 


21G  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

GREEDY-GUT.  —  A  voracious  eater. 

"  '  To  bed,  to  bed,'  says  Sleepy  Head  ; 
1  Tarry  a  while,'  says  Slow  ; 
'  Put  on  the  pot,'  says  greedy-gut, 
'  We'll  sup  before  we  go.'  " 

GREEN  CHEESE.—  (i)  Cheese  before  it  is  thoroughly  dry. 
(2)  Cheese  coloured  or  flavoured  with  sage  or  other  herbs. 

"  Two  fjrene  cheses."  —  Piers  Plowman,  B.  text,  pass,  vi.,  1.  283.  It  is  not 
obvious  to  which  of  the  above  meanings  this  passage  refers. 

GREEN-GIBS,  5.  //.  —  Young   goslings    before    their    feathers 
begin  to  grow. 

GREEN-GOOSE.  —  A   goose   killed    at    midsummer  time.     A 
goose  under  four  months  old. 

GREEN  -HORN.  —  An  inexperienced  person. 

GREEN  -LANE.  —  A  road  that  has  never  been  stoned  or  sanded. 
Willerton  fjrcdn  laane  is  th'  offilest  road  as  is,  barrin'  noiin. 

GREEN   MALT.—  Malt  before  it  is  dry. 

GREEN-SAUCE.  —  Ground-sorrel,  Rimiex  Acetosa. 

"  We  had  allso  a  boy  about  9  yeares  of  age,  as  he  was  getting  of 
(ireeiie-sa-u'te,  without  Swillington  tower,  was  dangerously  shott  in  the 
belly."  —  Drake's  Siege  of  Pcntefract  Castle  (SiirUcs  Soc.},  p.  37. 

I  am  informed  that  this  plant  grows  plentifully  at  the  present  time  on 
the  sides  of  the  great  mound  whereon  Pontefract  Castle  stands.  The 
poor  boy  was  no  doubt  gathering  it  for  sorrel-sauce,  a  relish  much 
esteemed  in  those  days,  and  one  that  would  be  particularly  acceptable 
to  men  cut  off  from  fresh  provisions.  Gerrard  tells  us  that  "  the  juice 
hereof,  in  summer  time  is  a  profitable  sauce  in  many  meats  and 
pleasant  to  the  taste,"  and  that  the  leaves,  "  taken  in  good  qnantitie, 
stamped,  and  strained  into  some  ale  and  a  posset  made  thereof,  coole 
the  sicke  body,  quench  thirst  and  allay  the  heat  of  such  as  are 
troubled  with  a  pestilent  feuer,  hot  ague  or  any  great  inflammation 
within."  -Herbal,  1636,  p.  398. 

Rembert  Dodoens  had  heard  "  that  this  roote  hanged  about  the 
necke,  doth  helpe  the  kinges  euill  or  swelling  in  the  throte."  —  Herbal, 
Lyte's  trans.,  1578,  p.  560. 

Green-sauce  is  still  held  here  to  be  a  useful  medicine  in  cases  of 
scurvy.  —  Cf.  Sir  Thomas  Urquhart's  Trans,  of  Rabelais,  Gargantua, 
book  ii.,  chap.  31. 

GREET-STONE.  —Stone  of  a  coarse  texture;  millstone  grit; 
sometimes  the  softer  beds  of  the  oolite. 

GRESS.—  Grass. 

Th'  nigher  th'  boan  th'  sweeter  th'  flesh, 
Th'  nigher  th'  grun  the  sweeter  th' 


"  Warkmen  to  fell  all  gresse  and  cornel—  kottcsford  Manor  Records,  tcmb  • 
Edw,  VL 


MANLEY    AND    CORR1NGHAM    WORDS.  21? 

GRESS-PLAT. — A  grass-plot. 

GRESSONMYS,  s.  pi.— Fines  (obsolete).  Lat.  Gersumx.—Du- 
fresne,  Gloss.  Med.  Lat. — Spelman,  Gloss.  Archa^olog. — Cowel, 
Law.  Diet. — Aug.  Sax.  Gcersuma,  a  treasure,  a  fine. 

"The  sayd  Abbott  and  Conuent  have  by  theys  presents  grauntyd 
.  .  .  goodes  of  outlawyd  persones,  fynys  or  gressonmys  for  landes 
and  tenementes,  lettyn  or  to  be  lettyn."  Lease  of  Manor  of  Scatter,  1537. 
Cf.  Stockdale,  Annals  of  Cartmel,  p.  66.  Pnimer,  Perhtst.  Yarmouth,  vol. 
iii.,  p.  33.  Ace.  of  Lord  High  Treasurer  of  Scotland,  vol.  i.,  p.  418.  Notes 
and  Queries,  vi.  series,  vol.  iv.,  p.  250.  Dawson's  Skipton,  p.  58. 
Pilkington's  Works  (Parker  Soc.},  p.  462. 

GRET.— Great. 

We  fun  sum  rivet  slabs  o'  stoan  when  Yalthrup  Hill  was  lowered. 
Them  gret  hewge  tonups  is  n't  one  hairf  so  good  for  sheap  as  smaller 
sized  uns. 

GREW,  GREW-DOG.— A  grey-hound. 
GREW.— Pain;  grief. 

GREWS. — The  outmarsh  or  foreshore  ;  the  land  lying  between 
the  edge  of  a  tidal  river  and  its  bank. 

GREWSOME. — Melancholy  ;  complaining. 

He's  a  very  <jrewsum  lookin'  man  when  he's  badly. 

GREY  MARE.— A  wife  who  rules  her  husband. 
The  grey  mare  is  the  better  horse. 

GREY-MARES-TAILS.— See  FILLY  TAILS. 
GREY-PAPER,— Brown  paper. 

GREY-STONE.— Oolitic  limestone. 

It  is  n't  noa  better  then  muck  for  mendin"  roads  wi'.is  n't  that  graay- 

stodn. 

GRICE. — (i)  A  sickly  or  deformed  child. 

I  hope  A  ...  T  ...  's  bairn  '11  niver  live ;  I  niver  seed 
such  an  a  grice  e'  my  life. 

(2)  A  person,  especially  a  child,   whose   dress   or   manners 
indicate  deformity. 

Goa  tak  them  things  off  an'  clean  thy  sen;  doan't  look  a  grice  like 
that  all  th'  daay  thrif. 

GRIFT.— A  channel  shaped  out  by  water  for  itself;  a  runnel. 
GRIM,  adj. — Grimy;  dirty;  dusty. 
GRIME. — Soot.     See  GRIM  in  Gloss,  to  Havelok. 
GRIME,  v. — To  besmear  with  soot. 


248  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

GRIMY,  adj.— Sooty. 

GRINDLE-STONE.— A  grindstone.     See  GRUNDLE-STOAN. 
"j  gryndehton  xxd. " — Records  of  Nottingham t  1411,  vol.  ii.,  p.  86. 
"  Unum  crank  ferri  de  uno  gryndylston." — 1433,  Ibid,  p   140. 

GRIP. — A  small  temporary  surface  drain.  Friesic  grope,  a 
ditch. 

"  Than  birjje  ought]  men  casten  hem  in  poles  [pools]  or  in  a  grip,  or 
in  the  fen." — Havelock,  1.  2101. 

"To  grip,  dressing  out." — Bottesford  Accounts,  1811. 

"Making  a  ditch  hole  or  grip  he  in  the  Kinge's  highwaie." — 1611, 
North  Riding  Record  Soc.,  vol.  i.,  p.  236. 

"  One  Lenton,  found  a  great  pot  full  of  Roman  coyn  digging  to  make 
a  grip  round  a  haystack  in  the  parish  of  Fleet."—  Will.  Stukeley, 
Memoirs  (Snrteei  Soc.),  1700,  p.  310. 

GRIP,  v. — To  make  grips. 

"  The  objects  .  .  .  were  found  by  a  man  while  gripping  or  cutting 
a  deep  narrow  grip  across  the  ground,  in  order  to  let  off  superfluous 
water." — John  Evans  in  Architlogia,  vol.  xlviii.,  p.  106. 

"  That  every  man  gripp  his  lands  in  the  corne  fields." — Gainsbiirgh 
Manor  Records,  1601,  in  Stark's  Hist,  of  Gainsb.,  p.  91. 

GRITS.— Groats  (q.v.) 

GROATS. — Oats  from  which  the  husks  have  been  taken,  but 
which  have  not  been  ground. 

GROBBLE,  v. — To  grope,  to  poke,  to  feel  about  as  one  does 
in  the  dark. 

GROPPEN.— &ee  GOPPEN. 

GROUND-ESH. — A  young  ash-plant  that  lias  grown  in  the 
place  where  it  is  found  from  seed,  not  a  planted  ash,  or  one 
that  has  sprung  from  the  root  of  a  felled  tree.  There  is  a 
superstition  that  if  a  man  beat  his  wife  with  a  ground-esk, 
the  justices  have  no  power  to  punish  him  for  assault. 

GROUND-KEEPER.— A  farm  bailiff. 

Lyon  was  ground-keeper  for  Mr.  Skipworth  at  the  Slate  House. 

GROUND  LAYLOCK.— Red  Valerian,  Centranthm  ruler. 

Th'  grand  laaylochs  hev  flooer'd  well  this  dry  time,  when  noht  else 
hes.— July,  1887. 

GROUND-SWEAT. — Dampness  springing  from  the  ground. 

GROUND-SYPE.— Surface  water  which  runs  through  the 
upper  soil  into  a  well,  as  distinguished  from  spring  water. 

"  The  water  obtained  from  the  wells  which  have  been  sunk  into  this 
warp  is  not  spring  water,  but  merely  .  .  .  a.ground-sypc,  i.e.,  water 
filtering  through  from  the  surface." — Stonehouse,  Hist,  of  Isle  of 
Axhohne,  p,  25. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  249 

GROUND-THAW.— A  thaw  which  seems  to  spring  from  the 
earth,  not  from  the  atmosphere. 

GROUT. — (i)  Thin  mortar  which  is  poured  into  the  inside  of 
rubble  walls. 

"  That  thin  mortar  which  is  termed  grout"— Storehouse,  Hist,  of  Isle 
of  AxJiolme,  p.  22. 

(2)  Concrete,  that  is,  thin  mortar  mixed  with  stones  used  for 
foundations  of  buildings. 

GROVES,  s.  //.—Land  ends  (q.v.) 

"  No  man  shall  teather  within  the  north  Inges,  or  about  the  Trent 
bankes  or  groves  vntill  the  haaye  be  gotten  awaye." — Scatter  Manor  Roll, 

I578- 

The  word  is  no  doubt  related  to  grave,  to  dig,  because  the  groves 
were  the  places  where  soil  was  graved  for  repairing  the  banks. 

GROWD,  v.— Grew. 

GROWZE,  v.—(i)  To  eat  steadily  and  constantly  at  a  thing 
as  grazing  animals  do. 

(2)  To  eat  in  a  noisy  or  dirty  manner. 
GRUB.— A  miser. 

GRUB   AWAY. — When  young  corn  dies  from  the  roots,  being 
eaten  by  the  larvae  of  insects  it  is  said  to  grub  away. 

"  Them  oats  at  Greenhoe  'at  looked  so  well  when  thaay  cumed  up  is 
all  grubbin'  awaay." — loth  July,  1886. 

GRUBBY.— Dirty. 

GRUN',  GRUND.— The  ground.     Cf.  GRESS. 

GRUN,  i'.— To  grind. 

Them  bricks  is  bad  uns  ;  if  thoo  nobut  treads  on  'em,  thaay  ymns  to 
poother. 

GRUNDLE-STOAN,  GRUN-STOAN.— A  grind-stone. 

As  roond  as  a  grun-stodn. 

GRUNSEL.— (i)  The  threshold  ;  lit.  ground-sill. 
(2)  Groundsel,  senecio  rulgaris. 

GRUNT,  v. — To  complain. 

"  I  tell'd  him  ther'  nead  be  noa  gruntin' ;  if  I  did  n't  suit  him,  he 
was  to  paay  me  my  waage  an'  let  me  goa." — Bottesford,  26th  August, 
1875- 

GRUT. — A  rut,  a  grip,  or  small  surface-drain. 

GRUT,  adj.— Great. 

What  oot  o'  th'  waay  grut  stoans  ther'  is  upo'  th1  sea-side  e' 
Yerksheer. 


250  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

GUANNER.— Guano. 

It  stinks  like  a  guanner-bB.fi- 

The  earliest  known  English  mention  of  guano  is  to  be  found  in 
Albaro  Alonso  Barba's  Art  oj  Metals,  translated  by  the  Earl  of 
Sandwich.—  See 'Athenaum,  May  2g,  1875,  p.  722. 

It  was  first  used  as  a  manure  in  England  in  or  about  the  year 
1840. — See  Notes  and  Queries,  second  series,  vol.  i.,  p.  482. 

GUANNER-WEED.— A  weed  which  grows  in  ditches,  the 
seeds  of  which  are  absurdly  believed  to  have  been  imported 
with  guano. 

GUDGEON. — An  iron  pin  at  the  end  of  the  axle  of  a  wheel- 
barrow, on  which  the  wheel  turns  ;  a  similar  pin  used  for 
other  like  purposes. 

GUGGLE. — A  bubbling  noise. 

GUGGLE,  r.— (i)  To  gargle. 
(2)  To  bubble. 

GUIDE,  v. — To  rule,  govern,  restrain. 

I  can't  guide  my  awn  bairns,  soa  much  less  them  as  belongs  to  uther 
foaks. 

GUIDE  ONE'S  SELE.— To  behave  well. 

Noo  then  guide  thy  sen,  or  else  I'll  tell  thy  faather  on  the. 

GUIDER. — A  tendon. 
GUIDE-STOHP.— A  guide  post. 

GUIDES,  s..pl. — Part  of  the  hind  gear  of  a  waggon  attached 
to  the  middle  pole. 

GUM.— See  GOY. 

GUMMY,  adj. — Thick  ;  swollen  ;  applied  to  the  legs  of  horses. 

GUMPTION.— Comprehension;  sense. 

GUNNER, — One  who  gets  his  living,  or  occupies  his  time  by 
shooting  wild  fowl. 

"  Clarke,  of  Brumby,  who  died  in  ...  was  always  known  as 
Gunner  Clarke  because  his  whole  time  was  spent  in  shooting  wild  fowl 
on  the  commons." — E.  S.  P.,  1860. 

"  One  of  the  oldest  of  our  local  gunners.'' — Cordeaux,  Birds  of  the 
Humbert  p.  91. 

GUN-POUTHER,  GUN-POOTHER.— Gun-powder, 

GUNSTICK.— A  ramrod. 
As  stright  as  a  gunstick. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  251 

GURT,  adj.— Great.     See  GRUT. 

GUT. — A  narrow  lane  or  passage. 

"  The  gut  so  familiar  to  Oxford  men. — \V.  G.  Palgrave,  Central  and 
Eastern  Arabia,  vol.  i.,  p.  57. 

There  is  a  footpath  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey  called  Greedy-£«Y-Lane. 
It  is  highly  improbable  that  this->name  has  anything  to  do  with 
greediness. 

GUTS. — The  whole  of  the  intestines  between  the  heart  and  the 
bladder. 

GUTTER.— A  roof-spout. 

GUTTER,  v. — A  candle  is  said  to  gutter  when  the  melted  wax 
or  tallow  runs  down  the  side. 

GUY-ROPE.— A  rope  used  to  steady  a  falling  tree. 
GUZZLE,  v. — To  drink  without  moderation. 

GYKES    (geiks). — Way;    method.     Perhaps   a   corruption   of 

guise. 

I'll  shaw  you  th'  gyltes  on  it. 

GYLE  (geil).—  Wort  ;  a  term  in  brewing. 

GYLE-FAT  (geil-fat).— A  brewing-vat. 

"  A  lead,  a  mashefatte,  gyl  fatt  with  a  sooe  xvs." — Inventory  of  Roland 
Staveley,  of  Gainsbitrgh,  1551. 

GYME    (geim). — A   hole   washed   out    of    the   ground    by  the 
rushing  water  when  a  bank  breaks. 

GYZE,  GYZEN   (geiz,  geiz-n),  v. — To  warp ;    to  twist  by  the 
sun  or  wind. 

Soft  fool,  he  mud  knaw  th'  sun  \v'd  n't  gyze  th'  doors  o'  th'  no'th  side 
o'  th'  barn. — Flixborovgh,  May  19,  1875. 

Thoo's  left  that  theare  bucket  oot  o'  doors  empty  e'  th'  sun,  till  its 
gotten  gizcn'd  soa  as  onybody  mud  shuv  a  knife  atwean  th'  lags. 
It's  th'  dry  weather  that's  gizen'd  chen  soa  as  to  mak'  it  run. 


252  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 


H 


The  aspirate  is  usually  silent  in  the  dialect  of  northern  Lincolnshire, 
unless  it  forms  part  of  the  word  on  which  the  emphasis  falls,  then  it  is 
fully  sounded.  Words  beginning  with  a  vowel  are  also  aspirated  for  the 
sake  of  emphasis,  as  are,  as  a  general  rule,  all  words  commencing  with 
the  letters  EW,  (usually  pronounced  like  EW  in  NEW,  but  occasionally  almost 
like  the  German  ij)  whether  emphatic  or  not.  The  H  is  als)  commonly 
sounded  in  the  word  HETHERD. 

HAAKING  (haik-in),  pres.  part.— Idle. 

HAAMES  (haimz),  s.  pi. — Pieces  of  wood  or  iron  attached  to  a 
horse's  collar  to  which  the  harness  is  fastened. 

HABS  and  NABS. — One  way  or  another. 

I've  scratted  it  together  by  /tabs  an'  nabs. — Said  of  rent,  1888. 
"  By  hab  or  nab,  hooke  or  crooke." — Bernard  Terence,  p.  17. 

HACK.— (i)  See  HECK. 

(2)  An  axe  for  dressing  stone. 

HACKER. — One  who  dresses  stone. 

HACKER,  i).— (i)  To  stammer. 

He  hackers  soa  in  his  talk  I  can't  tell  what  he  means. 

(2)  To  shuffle. 

He'll  be  hackerin'  aboot  wi'  foaks  till  he  gets  his  sen  atween  th'  foher 
walls  o'  Ketton  prison. 

HACKSLAVER.— An  idle  dissolute  man  or  boy. 
He's  a  love-begot  an'  a  real  hackslaver. 

HAG.— A  bog. 

Ther's  many  a  hoss  hes  been  lost  e'  them  peat  moor  hags. 

HAG,  v. — To  cut  or  chop  awkwardly. 
Doan't  hay  thy  meat  e(  that  how,  lad. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  253 

HAGGADAY. — A  latch  to  a  door  or  gate.  A  haggaday  is 
frequently  put  upon  a  cottage  door  on  the  inside,  without 
anything  projecting  outwards  by  which  it  may  be  lifted. 
A  little  slit  is  made  in  the  door,  and  the  latch  can  only  be 
raised  by  inserting  therein  a  nail  or  slip  of  metal. 

Old  men  alus  calls  them  wooden  snecks  wheare  you  hev  to  put  yer 

finger  thrif  a  roond  hoale  e'  th'  door  to  oppen  'em,  haggaday s. — G.  H.,  1875. 

"  To  John  fflower  for  hespes    ...    a  sneck,  a  haggadaay,  a  catch  & 

a  ringe  for  the  west  gate,   ijs.    vjd-,  1610." — Lonth  CJi.  Ace.,  vol.  iii., 

p.  196. 

HAGGLE,  v.— (i)  To  cut  awkwardly. 

(2)  To  argue. 

(3)  To  beat  down  in  price. 

HAG-WORM.— A  snake  (obsolescent). 

HAIR-BREED.— A  hair's-breadth.     See  HAND-BREED. 

HAIRF.— Half. 

HAIRIFF. — Galium  apanne^  cleavers. 

HAIRMS.— Haames  (q.v.) 

HAIR  OF  THE  DOG  THAT  BIT  YOU.— A  man  who  has 
been  drunk  over-night  is  advised  by  his  jovial  companions, 
when  he  complains  of  a  headache  the  next  morning,  to 
take  a  hair  of  the  dog  thai  bit  him.  When  a  dog  bites  a 
person  it  is  still  customary  to  extract  some  of  its  hairs  and 
put  them  in  the  wound,  as  a  preventative  of  hydrophobia. 

HAKUSSING  (haik-usin),  pres.pt. — Moving  about  violently,  as 
people  do  when  in  anger  ;  doing  work  in  a  violent  or  angry 
way. 

I  could  see  sum'ats  was  wrong  as  soon  as  I  went  in  ;  she  was  puttin' 
dinner  things  by,  an'  hakussin'  aboot  all  th'  time. 

HALE. — (i)  A  "  garing  "  in  an  enclosure  or  open  field — that 
is  an  angular  piece  which  has  to  be  ploughed  separately. 

(2)  A  bank  or  strip  of  grass  which  separates  two  persons' 
lands  in  an  open  field. 

(3)  A  sand-bank. — See  Notes  and  Queries,  V.  series,  vol.  iv., 
p.  27. 

(4)  An  angular  pasture  in  the  township  of  East  Butterwick, 
adjoining     Bottesford     Beck     on     the    North,    is    called 
Butterwick  Hale.     It  has  been  used  from  an  early  period  as 
a  rest  for  the  high-land  water  in  flood  time,  until  it  could 
flow  into  the  Trent.     It   is  affirmed  in  the  Survey  of  the 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  taken  in  1787,  that  haile  is  "  a 
term  given  to  roads  or  dry  hard  banks  in  the  boggy  parts 
of  the  moors,  upon  which  carriages  may  pass  or  anything 
be  haled."  Both  definition  and  derivation  are  inaccurate. 
(Certainly  a  bad  guess — Cf.  A.  S.,  heal,  a  corner,  an  angle  ; 
Icel.  hjallij  a  ledge  of  rock. — W.  W.  S.)  "  The  derivations 
of  words,  like  the  use  of  words,  must  be  strictly  judged  ; 
and  the  student  must  learn  the  painful,  but  wholesome 
lesson,  to  abandon  upon  cause  shown  the  most  favourite 
effort  of  his  ingenuity." — W.  E.  Hearn,  The  Aryan  Household, 
p.  287  n. 

HALES,  s.  pi. — The  handles  or  stilts  of  a  plough  or  wheel- 
barrow. 

"To  be  sold  by  auction  ....  30  plough  hales." — Stamford 
Mercury,  2Oth  September,  1867. 

He's  fit  for  noht  but  to  tramp  fra  mornin'  till  neet  atweiin  a  pair  o1 
pleugh-haales. 

HALF-CHRISTENED,  HALF-ROCKED,  HALF-BAKED, 
HALF-THERE.— Weak  of  intellect. 

"As  they  say  in  Devon  half-baked" — C.  Kingsley,  Westward  Ho! 
vol.  i.,  p.  91. 

HALIFAX.— See  HULL. 
HALLIDAY.— A  holy  day. 

HALLONTIDE.— All  Saints  (obsolete). 

"  Ffor  bred  &  wyne  ffor  the  comunion  at  hallontid,  vjs.  viijd." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1597. 

HALLY-BREAD.— Holy-bread  (q.v.) 

H ALLY-LOO-DAY.— Holy  rood  day  (a  corruption). 

HAM.— The  thigh. 

HAM  KIN  (dirnin.  of  ham). — The  hock  of  a  pig. 

HAMMER,  v.— To  stammer. 

HAMMER   and   PINSONS.— The   clatter   made  by  a  horse 
which  catches  its  hind  feet  against  its  fore  ones  in  trotting. 

MAMMOCKING.— Tearing  violently  about. 

Ther's  been  sum  herses  hammockin'  aboot  e1  Mr.  Sorsby's  barley  e' 
th'  marsh. 

HAMPER,  v.— To  hinder. 

She  can't  go  oot  taatie  pickin',  she's  so  hamper' d  wi'  bairns. 
I'm  well  enif  if  it  warn't  for  this  here  cough  that  hampers  me. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  255 

HAND. — Help,  assistance,  a  lift. 

I  alus  lend  'em  a  hand  when  ther's  onything  goas  wrong. 

HAND  and  FOOT,  TO  WAIT  ON.— To  attend  on  a  person 
with  great  assiduity. 

HAND,  BLOODY.— The  badge  of  a  baronet  of  Great  Britain. 

Argent,  a  sinister  hand,  erect,  open,  couped  at  the  wrist 

gules  ;  the  arms  of  the  province  of  Ulster. 

"  Yo  see,  sir,  thaay've  been  steady  foiiks  enif  iver  sin'  we  knew  oht 
aboot  'em,  which  goas  a  good  long  waay  back,  ye  knaw,  bud  one  o' 
the'r  forelders  committed  a  cruel  mo'der  a  many  years  sin'.  As  he 
was  a  great  man,  thaay  did  n't  hing  him  as  thaay'd  hed  reight  to  ha'  dun. 
He  was  letten  off  upo'  condition  'at  he  put  a  bloody  hand  on  his  shield, 
an'  'at  him  an'  all  as  caame  efter  him  should  alus  keap  it  theare,  an' 
you  maay  see  it  noo  up  o'  th'  carriage  door  th'  very  next  time  as  it  cums 
past."  The  above  narrative  was  told  to  me  by  a  Scawby  woman  some 
five  and  thirty  years  ago.  I  am  informed  that  the  badge  of  Ulster  has 
given  rise  to  similar  legends  with  regard  to  several  other  families, 
whose  ancestors  have  been  innocent  of  homicide. 

HAND-BREED.— A  hand's-breadth.     See  HAIR-BREED. 

HAND-CLOOT.— A  hand-towel. 

HANDER. — A  person  who  acts  as  second  in  a  fight  with  fists. 

HAND-HOLD. — Anything  that  may  be  grasped  or  taken  hold 
of  by  the  hands. 

I  darn't  climb  noa  higher,  ther's  naather  hand-hohd  nor  foot-hohd  for 
one. 

HANDKERCHER,  pi.,  HANDKERCHERS  and  HAND- 
KERCHEEVES.— A  handkerchief  whether  a  neck-handker- 
chief or  a  pocket-handkerchief. 

HANDLE,  v.—(i)  To  secure;  to  get  hold  of. 

Times  is  straange  an'  bad,  I  niver  handled  soa  little  money  as  I  hev' 
this  last  year.— July  6,  1886. 

(2)  To  touch. 

I  weant  hev  you  bairns  han'lin  bull,  he'll  be  stabbin'  on  you. 

(3)  To  use,  to  employ  ;  not  necessarily  with  the  hands. 

An  old  woman  who  was  lame  said,  I  can't  han'le  my  feet  so  well  as  I 
ewsed  to  could. 

HAND   OUT.— To  distribute. 

Ey,  Miss,  it's  Loord  'at  hands  oot  iv'rything  'e  riches  an'  poverty,  an' 
sickness  an'  health.  It's  him  as  duz  it  all,  an1  fer  best. 

HAND-RUNNING. — In  succession  ;  one  after  another. 
Ther'  was  six  deaths  from  that  feaver  hand-running. 


25C  MANLEV   AND   CORR1NGHAM   WORDS. 

HANDS,  s.  pi.- — Women  and  children  who  work  upon  a  farm. 
The  labourers  and  servant  "  chaps  "  are  not  hands. 

Though  the  meaning  is  almost  always  clear,  the  use  of  the  word 
hands  to  signify  workpeople  not  uncommonly  leads  to  verbal  incon- 
gruities. A  writer  of  the  last  century  tells  of  "  a  captain  of  a  privateer, 
who  wrote  an  account  to  his  owners  of  an  engagement  in  which  he  had 
the  good  fortune,  he  told  them,  of  having  only  one  of  his  hands  shot 
through  the  nose." — Letters  of  Sir  Tho.  Fitzosborne,  8th  ed.,  1776,  p.  115. 

HAND-SPEAK.— A  wooden  lever  ;  a  hand-spike. 

HAND-STAFF.— The  handle  of  a  flail  to  which  the  swivel  is 
attached. 

HAND  STIR.— (i)  A  very  small  distance. 

I've  heard  them  saay  as  hes  been  e'  Lunnun,  that-  th'  roiik's  ofens  soil 
thick  theare  'at  you  can't  sea  a  handstir  afoore  you,  reight  e'  th'  middle 
o'  th'  daay. 

(2)  The  smallest  possible  amount  of  labour. 

"  Here  you  are  clartin'  aboot  an'  not  a  handstir  of  wark  dun  yet. 
See  HANDSTROKE. 

HANDSTROKE.— A  very  small  amount  of  labour. 

I'd  hardly  struck  a  hand-stroak  when  doon  she  cums. — Said  by  a  man 
who  had  felled  a  rotten  tree. 

HANDY.— (i)  Near  at  hand. 

Oor  chech  Stan's  soa  nice  an'  handy  that  .1  mostlin's  goa  theiire  e'stead 
o'  to  chapil. 

(2)  Convenient. 

It's  handy  th'  coo's  cauved,  we  shall  hev  sum  milk  for  the  chaps  noo. 

HANG,  v. — To  hang  a  gate  or  a  door  is  to  fix  it  in  its  place  by 
crooks  or  hinges. 

HANG-DOG-LOOK. — A  villainous  appearance. 
HANGING  FOR.— Desirous  of. 

Well  Mary  Ann,  thoo  can  do  as  ta  likes,  bud  I  hang  for  ye  goin'  to 
Mrs.  .  .  .  plaace  ;  its  a  knawn  good  un. 

HANGING  FOR  RAIN.— Threatening  rain. 

It's  been  hang  in'  for  raain  three  or  foher  daays  but  noiin  cums. — July 
10,  1886. 

HANK. — A  skein  of  cotton,  thread,  or  silk. 

"  Her  curls,  like  hanks  of  gold,  hung  waving." — John  Clare,  The  Banks 

of  Ivory,  Life  and.  Remains,  p.  348. 

H ANKLE,  v.— To  entangle. 

He's  a  honest  chap  his  sen,  bud  he's  gotten  hanhled  in  wi'  a  straange 
lot  o'  rogues. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  257 

HANKY- PANKY-WARK.  —  Shuffling,  cheating,  deceitful 
conduct. 

Noo  goa  strlght,  lets  hev  noa  hanky -panky-wavk  this  time. 

HANSEL.— (i)  Luck  money. 
(2)  The  first  use  of  anything. 

HANSEL,  v. — To  try  or  use  for  the  first  time. 
I'm  gooin'  to  hansel  that  new  plew. 

"  It  was  one  of  that  profession  [baker]  that  first  hansell'd  the 
gallows." — Th.  Brown,  Works,  1730,  vol.  iv.,  p.  230. 

HAP. — A  misfortune  ;  an  accident. 
A  sore  hap. 

HAP,  v.—  To  happen. 

If  it  haps  to  raain  I  shan't  goa. 

HAP-DOWN,  v.— To  cover  up. 

Noo  then,  get  them  taztieshapped-doon,  it  '11  freeze  to-neetlike  smack- 

HAPPEN.— Perhaps. 

Happen  I  maay  cum  doon  o'  Sunda'  at  neet,  bud  I'm  not  sewer. 

HAPPEN,  HAPPEN  ON,  v.— To  meet ;  to  meet  with. 

I  happened  on  her  just  agean  Bell-hoale. 

He  happen 'd  an  accident  up  o'  Magin  Moor ;  his  herse  flung  him 
and  brok  two  on  his  ribs. 

"  The  restless  hogs  will  happen  on  trie  prize." — John  Clare;  Shepherd's 
Calendar,  p.  74. 

HAPPING. — Covering,  such  as  clothes  on  a  bed,  or  earth  on  a 
potatoe-pie. 

I've  knawn  farm  hooses,  a  many,  wheare  sarvant  chaps  hed  niver  enif 
happiri1  o'  the'r  beds. 

HAPPY  GO  LUCKY,  HELTER-SKELTER,  PELL- 
MELL. — By  chance ;  in  confusion ;  without  order  or 
regularity. 

HAPT.— Wrapped ;  covered. 

It  was  hapt  'e  a  peace  o'  broon  paaper. 

"  Hapt  in  the  cold  dark  grave." 

John  Clare,  Sonnet,  xxv. 

HAP-UP,  v. — (i)  To  cover  up  ;  to  wrap  up. 

"  Th'  ohd  chap's  happed  up  by  this  time,  I  reckon,"  said  of  a  friend 
on  the  day  of  his  funeral. 

(2)  To  conceal. 

Thaay  maay  try  as  thaay  like  ther's  noa  happiri  a  thing  o'  that  soort 
up  e'  thease  daays. 


258  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HAR. — (i)  Fog;  mist,  especially  when  it  is  cold. 
(2)  A  cough. 

HARBOUR.— (i)  Shelter. 

It  power'd  doon  wi'  raain  an'  ther'  was  noa  harbour  to  find  noa  wheare. 

(2)  A  house,  a  home. 

Thaay  was  to'n'd  oot  i'to  th'  streat,  an'  noa  harbour  was  to  be  gotten 
for  'em  noawheares,  soa  I  let  'em  lig  e'  my  barn. 

HARBOUR,  v.—(i)  To  shelter. 
(2)  To  find  house-room  for. 

HARD,  //.—Heard. 

HARD,  THE. — The  stoned  part  of  a  road  as  distinguished 
from  the  sides. — See  Notes  and  Qtieries,  vj.  series,  vol.  iv., 
p.  38. 

HARD,  adj.—(i)  Quick. 

Th'  gress'll  graw  hard  enif  noo  this  sup  o'  raain's  cum'd. 
(2)  Sour. 

This  aale  o'  yours  is  uncommon  hard. 

"  Beer  from  getting  acetous  or  what  is  called  hard." — Drakard's 
Stamford  News,  Oct.  i,  1833. 

HARD  AND  SHARP.— Hardly ;  scarcely;  with  difficulty. 

I  did  catch  th'  traain,  bud  it  was  hard  an'  sharp,  she  was  movin'  when 
I  got  in. 

HARDEN  -  FACED,  adj.  —  The  reverse  of  shame-faced  ; 
brazened. 

A  harden-faaced  huzzy. 

HARD-DOES,  HARD-LINES,  HARD-CAKE,  HARD- 
CHEESE.— A  hard  lot,  a  sad  misfortune. 

Poor  chap,  it  was  hard-lines  for  him. — Bottesford,  1849. 

It's  hard-does  for  a  man  and  his  wife  and  bairns  to  be  thrawn  oot  o' 
wark  wi'oot  warnin'. — Frodingham,  1874. 

HARD-HEAD.— Centaurea  nigva. 

HARD  LAID  ON.— Much  burdened,  hard  at  work. 

HARDLING,  HARDLINGS.— Hardly  ;   scarcely. 
Ther's  hardlin's  time  to  catch  th'  packit  noo. 

HARDNESS. — Strength,  applied  to  the  voice. 

I  shooted  wi'  all  my  hardness,  that  is,  I  called  as  loud  as  I  could. 

HARD  OF  HEARING.— Slightly  deaf, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  259 

HARDS.— (i)  The  worked  fibre  of  flax  or  hemp. 

"For  22  stone  of  hards." — Corporation  Rec.  in  Tomlinson's  Doncaster, 
P-  337- 
(2)  The  refuse  of  the  same. 

HARD-SET.— In  difficulties. 

We  shall  most  on  us  be  hard  set  if  thease  prices  hohds  on  a  year  or  two 
longer,  1885. 

HARD  WATER. — Spring  water  as  distinguished  from  soft  or 
rain  water. 

HARD  WOOD. — Oak  and  ash  as  distinguished  from  poplar, 
willow,  beech,  and  resinous  woods.     A  carpenter's  term. 

"William  Chapman,  iij.  lode  of  hardwodde."—Kiyton-in-LindseyCh. 
Ace.,  1568.  Cf.  Mon.  Ang.  vol.  iii.,p.  360. 

HARKAUDIENCE. — A  corrupt  form  of  accordion. 

H  ARL. — A  state  of  great  excitement. 

"  Jimmy  H  ....  is  e'  such  'n  a  harl  as  niver  was  aboot  this 
here  jewbilee." — Yaddlethorpe,  June,  1887. 

HARL,  v. — To  couple  rabbits  by  threading  one  hind-leg  through 
the  ham-string  of  the  other. 

HARP  ON  ONE  STRING.— To  talk  too  much  on  one  subject. 
"  The  Cardinall  made  a  countenance  to  the  t'other  Lord,  that  he 
should  harp   no  more  vpon  that  string." — Sir  Thomas  More's  Worhes, 
1557.  P-  49  b. 
HARASSMENT.— A  harassed  condition. 

Dr.  P.     ...     he  says  to  me,  "  Mrs.  D "  he  says,  "  it's 

owe? -harassment  o'  th'  liver  'at  yer  sufferin'  from." 

"  I  have  known  little  else  than  privation,  disappointment,  unkindness, 
and  harassment." — Laetitia  E.  Landon,  in  Life,  By  'Layman  Blanchard, 
vol.  i.,  p.  56. 

HARRIED,  HARROWED,/^.— Tired,  wearied  out. 

HARROW-BULL. — The  cross  pieces  of  the  harrow  in  which 
the  teeth  are  fixed. 

HARROW-REST.— Rest-harrow  (q.v.) 
HARUM-SCARUM,  adv. — Disorderly,  confusedly. 

HARVEST-BUG. — A  very  minute  scarlet  mite,  which  burrows 
into  the  skin  in  July  and  August.  Unrefined  people  who 
wish  to  appear  what  they  think  "genteel"  have,  during 
the  last  few  years,  taken  to  speak  of  them  as  harvesters. 

"  My  eldist  lass  hes  been  o'must  eaten  up  wi'  harvest-bugs  this  hot 
weather,  an'  thaay  bite  th'  hosses  an'  dogs  a  shaame  to  sea." — Bottesford, 
ist  August,  1887. 


2GO  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HARVEST-HOME.— The  feast  made  by  a  farmer  when  the 
harvest  is  got  in. 

HARVEST-MAN. — A  spider  with  very  longlegs. 

"  One  of  the  Phalangida;." — Cf.  Ann.  &>  Mag.  N.  H.,  1855,  series  II., 
vol.  xv.,  pp.  393-416,  pi.  x.,  xi.  ;  also  a  Suppl.,  1861. 

HASK.— The  same  as  ASK  (q.v.) 

HASSOCK. — A  thick  and  large  tuft  of  coarse  grass. 

HASSOCKY,  adj. — Land  is  said  to  be   hassocky  when  it  has 
many  "  hassocks  "  growing  on  it. 

HASTER. — A  hastener  ;  a  screen  put  before  the  fire  to  keep 
in  the  heat  when  meat  is  roasting. 

HAST  TA.— Hast  thou. 

Hast  ta  gotten  thy  dinner  ? 

HAT.— "  That's   what    I  hing  my  hat  upon  "— i.e.,    "That  is 
what  encourages  me." 

HATE.— To  dislike. 

I'm  gooin'  to  flit,  I  am  ;  I  haate  livin'  wi'  poor  gentlefoaks  as  hes  to 
look  at  boath  sides  on  a  slaape  sixpence  afoore  thaay  do'st  spend  it. 

HAUK,  v. — To  clear  the  throat ;  to  spit. 

"  Stop  his  nose,  liauk  and  spit,  and  curse  the  stinking  cargo." — N. 
Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  367. 

HAULF,  HAUF.— Half. 

HAULING-PATH.— The  path   on   which   the   hauling -horses 
walk  by  the  side  of  a  canal  or  river. 

"  The  occupiers  of  land  .  .  .  where  there  is  no  hauling-path  are 
authorized  to  discharge  ;all  persons  trespassing  theiton."—Ancholwe 
Navigation  Notice.  Oct.  6,  1874. 

HAULM,  HAUM. — (i)  The  straw  of  beans,  peas,  tares,  and 
the  stalks  of  rape  and  turnips. 

(2)  The  stalk  of  flax  and  hemp. 

(3)  The  chaff  of  grain. 

HAUVE. —  A  direction  given  to  horses,  meaning  turn  to  the  left 
side.     Possibly  a  form  of  the  word  half,  i.e.,  side. 
"  I  looked  on  my  left  half,  as  J>e  lady  me  taught, 
And  was  war  of  a  \vooman,  wortheli  yclothed." 

Piers  Plowman,  B.  Text,  Pass,  ii.,  1.  7. 

HAUVE,  v. — To  stare  idly  or  vacantly. 
HAUVEN. — A  lout ;  a  rude,  coarse  fellow. 


MAttLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  261 

HAUVENISH.— Loutish. 

'HAVELESS,  adj. — Having  ill  manners  (a  contraction  for 
behaveless). 

She's  as  'haaveless  a  bairn  as  lives. 

HAVELESS,  adj. — Wasteful,  incompetent  (probably  formed 
from  the  verb  have]. 

A  haveless  chap  that's  run'd  thrif  three  fo'tuns. 

HAVER. — Wild  oats.  In  1629  there  was  a  place  in  Scotter 
called  Haverland.  Havercroft  is  a  place  in  the  parish  of 
Felkirk,  Yorkshire.  Havercroft  is  a  Lindsey  surname. 

HAVERMEAL.— Oatmeal  (obsolescent). 
HAW.— The  berry  of  the  hawthorn. 

HAW,  interj. — Jaanie  Smith  hes  gotten  fine  i'  her  talk  wi'  gooin' 
to  staay  at  Lincoln  ;  when  ony  body  says  oht  to  her  she 
duz  n't  saay  "  haw  "  as  we  do  ;  she  says,  "  Wrell,  you  'stonish 

me." 

HAWBAW,  HAWBUCK.— A  lout ;  a  coarse,  vulgar  lad. 
HAWTKSPAUN.— A  tall  ungainly  woman. 
HAWM  (haum),  v. — To  move  about  "awkwardly. 

HAY,  v. — To  turn  into  hay  ;  said  of  grass  newly  cut. 

Its  haying  nistly,  if  it  nobbut  hohds  fine  we  can  lead  o'  Tuesda'. 

HAYBANDS,  s.pl. — A  rough  kind  of  rope  made  of  twisted  hay, 
employed  instead  of  string  for  fastening  thatch  on  stacks. 
Sixty  years  ago  it  was  almost  universal,  now  it  is  rarely  seen. 
Haybands  were  formerly  used  by  labouring  men  as  a  pro- 
tection to  the  legs  instead  of  gaiters.  They  became,  however, 
to  be  considered  as  a  mark  of  extreme  poverty  and  con- 
sequently dropped  out  of  use.  Cf.  Ben  Jonson,  Every  Man 
in  his  Humour,  Act  i.,  sc.  2. 

John's  tekken  to  haaybands,  it'll  be  th'  work-hoose  next. 

HAYBOOT.— The  same  as  HEDGEBOOT  (q.v.) 

"12  carect.  subbosci  pro  le  heybote." — Lease  of  Manor  of  Scotter,  1484. 
Cf.  Mon.  Aug.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  431.  Scroggs,  Practise  of  Courts  Leet,  p.  208. 

HAYCOCK. — A  hillock  of  dried  grass  made  by  raking  together 
a  certain  length  of  the  swathe.  Grass  remains  grass  while 
it  is  in  the  swathe;  when  it  has  been  put  into  "cock*"  it 
becomes  hay. 

"  The  whole  world  belike  should  be  new  moulded,  when  it  seemed 
goode  to  those  all-commanding  powers  &  turned  inside  out  as  we  do 
hay-cocks  in  harvest,  top  to  bottom,  or  bottom  to  top." — Burton,  Anatomy 
of 'Mel.,  1652,  p.  245. 


202  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HAY-SPADE.— A  cutting  knife  (q.v.) 

HAYWARD. — A  manorial  officer  whose  duty  it  was  to  take 
order  as  to  the  stock,  and  to  see  that  the  fences  were  in  good 
order. — Cf.  Cowel,  Law  Diet.,  sub  voc. — Archaologia,  vol. 
xxxv.,  p.  471.  The  family  name  of  Howard  had  probably 
its  origin  in  this  word.  See  letter  by  the  author  in  The 
Standard,  4th  Nov.,  1885. 

HAZE,  v.— (i)  To  beat. 

(2)  To  bail  water.     See  OWSE. 

HAZING. — A  beating.  A  writer  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine 
for  1825,  says,  "  that  this  word  is  undoubtedly  derived  from 
the  name  of  the  instrument  originally  used  in  the  beating, 
that  is,  a  twig  of  the  hazel-nut  tree  ; "  p.  396.  This  guess 
is  almost  certainly  wrong. 

HAZZEL.—  The  hazel.     See  HEZZEL. 

HAZZEL,  TO  GIVE  SOME.— Is  to  give  a  beating. 

HE,  pron. — He  and  she  are  used  as  nominatives,  when  they 
stand  alone  in  a  sentence  as  "  He  went,"  "  She  said  so," 
but  when  they  are  coupled  with  a  noun  or  another  pronoun 
they  change  into  him  and  her,  as  "  Him  and  me  went," 
"  Her  and  him  said  so,"  "  Him  and  Jim  was  feightin'," 
"  Sarah  and  her  was  shillin'  peys."  This  rule  also  holds 
good  when  the  pronoun  is  separated  from  the  verb  in  direct 
relation  with  it  by  an  intervening  clause,  as  "  Him  'at 
pull'd  doon  th'  ohd  manor-hoose  was  this  squire's  gret-gret 
gran'  feyther,"  and  in  such  interjectional  phrases  as  "  Him 
respectable  !  you'll  beleave  onything  if  ye  beleave  that  ;  " 
"  Her  tekken  to  drink !  who  iver  tell'd  ye  sich  an  a  lee  ?" 

HE,  prep.— In. 

You'll  find  it  he  th'  carpenter's  shop. 

"  Robert  ffyscher  tanner,  his  moder  he  law  gafe  of  her  goode  will 
vs." — Louth  Ch.  Ace.,  vol.  i.,  p.  332. 

HEAD  (hi-lrd). — (i)  The  doors  of  a  clough  or  sluice,  with  the 
masonry  thereto  belonging. 

(2)  To  ask  for  a  farm  over  a  man's  head  is  to  ask  for  another 
man's  holding  when  he  has  not  had  notice  to  quit. 

(3)  "  Let  him  hev  his  head"  is  said  to  an  unskilful  rider  or 
driver  who  holds  in  his  horse  too  tightly. 


b  CORRI^GHAM  woRfts.  263 

HEAD-ACHE.  —  The  common  scarlet  corn-poppy,  Papavev 
Rhaas. 

"  More  hedd-aaches  then   arnin's,"  said  of  bad  sand  land  whereon 
these  plants  grow  in  such  profusion  as  to  eat  away  the  corn. 
"  Corn-poppies,  that  in  crimson  dwell, 
Call'd  '  Head-achs  '  from  their  sickly  smell," 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  47. 

HEAD-ACHE  WINE.— A  drink  made  of  the  petals  of  head- 
aaches. 

"An'  it's  real  bewtiful,  m'm,  I  do  assewer  ye.  When  we  liv'  at 
boddom  o'  Botton  Hill  Side,  p'liceman  fra  Noramby,  he  hed  a  glass  on 
it  wi'  us  one  daay,  an'  he  said  as  it  went  reight  through  him,  an'  'at  if 
it  wo'd  n't  be  incroachin'  he  wo'd  like  anuther  glass." 

HEADLAND. — That  part  of  an  open  field  or  enclosure  where 
the  horses  turn  round,  and  which  is  consequently  ploughed 
the  last,  and  in  a  transverse  direction  to  the  rest  of  the 
land.  In  the  open  fields  these  headlands  are  often  the 
boundaries  of  property,  and  therefore  headland  is  sometimes, 
though  rarely,  used  as  an  equivalent  for  boundary.— Cf. 
Seebohm's  Eng.  Vill.  Com.,  p.  4. 

HEAD  OF  GRASS. — The  growth  of  grass  at  any  given  time. 
"  They  have  a  tolerable  head  of  grass  in  the  spring." — Arth.  Young, 
Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  194. 

HEAD,  QUEEN'S. —  When  postage  stamps  were  first  intro- 
duced they  were  called  Queen's  Heads.  There  were  then  but 
two  varieties,  the  penny  stamp  which  was  black,  and  the 
two-penny  stamp  which  was  blue  ;  since  many  kinds  have 
been  made  the  term  has  gone  out  of  use. 

HEAD-PIECE. — The  head,  and  hence  figuratively  intelligence, 
mental  capacity,  quickness  of  intellect. 

You've  gotten  as  poor  a  head-peace  for  larnin'  oht  'at  "11  do  you  ony 
good  as  iver  I  seed. 

HEAD-STALL. — That  part  of  a  bridle  or  halter  which  goes 
around  the  horse's  head. 

HEAD- WARK.— Thought ;   consideration. 

Ther's  been  a  deal  o'  head-wavk  putten  into  that  carvin*  sum  time  or 
anuther. 

HEAD- WASH  ING.— Drinking  a  newly-born  infant's  health. 

Ther'll  be  sum  hedd-weshin*  to  do  this  time,  I  reckon,  noo  that  they've 
gotten  a  son  at  last. 


2C-1  'MANLKY   AND   CORRlNGHAM   WORDS. 

HEADY,  adj.— Rash  ;  violent. 

"Are  you  so  Jicadic-minded  that  you  wish  the  death  of  the  child"? — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  344. 

He's  such  a  heady  chap  you  can't  talk  \vi'  him  for  five  minnits  wi'  oot 
his  fallin'  oot  wi'  you. 

HEAPS. — A  great  quantity. 

There  was  heaps  o1  raain  on  Tho'sda'. 

Ketton's  heaps  farther  fra  Gaainsb'r  then  Notherup  is. 

We've  heaps  o'  wells  at  Bottesford. — July  16,  1875. 

HEARD  (hi-h'rd), /#.  and/*,  t.— Heard. 

HEARSE. — (i)  A  triangular  frame  for  holding  candles  in  a 
church  (obsolete). 

(2)  A  frame  of  wicker  work,  timber,  or  metal,  placed  over  the 
body  of  a  dead  person  for  the  purpose  of  supporting  the  pall 
while  the  funeral  service  was  being  read  (obsolete). 

(3)  A  similar  frame  attached  to  a  tomb  for  the  purpose  of 
supporting  hangings  and  light  (obsolete). 

"  A  hearse  sold  to  John  Banton  of  Aukeborow  ...  in  anno  1865, 
who  hathe  put  it  to  prophane  vse." — Line.  Ch.  Furniture,  p.  36,  cf. 
127  n.,  Notes  and  Queries,  Sixth  Series,  vol.  i.,  pp.  212,  297,  343,  426. 

HEAR  TELL,  v.—  To  hear,  to  be  informed. 

I  doa  n't  think  as  I've  heard  tell  o'  ony  body  o'  that  naame  e'this  part. 

HEART. — Oh,  dear  heart.     "  Dear  heart  alive  ; "  exclamations, 
commonly  of  pain  or  sorrow. 

HEART,  y.— See  HEARTEN. 

HEART,  BAD. — (i)  A  person  easily  cast  down  has  a  bad  heart. 

(2)  A  bad  heart  is  attributed  to  one  who  is  cruel  or  otherwise 
very  wicked. 

HEART-BRUSSEN,  pp.—(i)  Heart  broken,  in  the  sense  of 
spent  with  gallopping,  pulling,  or  running. 

(2)  Heart  broken  in  the  sense  of   dicing   from  grief.      See 
HEART-SLAIN. 

HEARTEN,  v.— To  encourage. 

Well,  I'm  heart'n'd  a  good  deal  by  th'  waay  thease  here  elections  is 
gooin'. 

HEART-SKE'T,    HEART-SKIRTS.  —  The    pericardium    of 
man  or  of  one  of  the  lower  animals. 

"  My  bairns  ewsed  to  pull  at  my  goon-sfo'fc  once,  bud  thaay  pull  at 
my  heari-sket's  noo. 


MANLiiY  AMD  CokRlfoGHAM  WGRbS.  £05 

HEART-SLAIN,  pp. — (i)  Exhausted  by  over  exertion. 

He  druv  th'  poor  herse  'till  it  was  clear  heart-slaain. 
(2)  One  who  has  died  of  grief  is  said  to  be  heart-slain. 

It  was  n't  no  illness  that'kill'd  her,  poor  thing;  she  was  heart-slaain. 

HEART-WHOLE.— (i)  In  good  spirits. 

I  thoht  to  hev  fun'  him  doon-cast,  but  he's  clear  heart-whodle. 

(2)  Not  in  love. 

He's  sweethearted  a  good  bit,  by  offs  an'  ons,  here  one  lass,  an*  theare 
anuther  like,  bud  I  reckon  mysen  as  he's  heart-whodle  yit. 

HEASTER  (heast-ur). — Esther  and  Hesther,  a  female  Christian 
name. 

HEAT. — A  round,  a  bout. 

He  was  dead  bet  th'  fo'st  heat. 

HEAT,  v. — Hay  or  corn  is  said  to.  heat  when  it  becomes  hot  in 
the  stack  by  being  carried  when  damp. 

Squire  Heala's  stacks  got  a  fire  thrif  a  fother  stack  'at  heated. 

HEAVE,  v.— (i)  To  throw. 

She  was  that  mad  wi'  me,  she  hcav'd  th'  bread  and  butter  up  o'  th'  fire 
back. 

(2)  A  cow  or  ox  is  said  to  be  heaved  when  it  has  eaten  two 
much  green  food,  such  as  clover,  and  is  inflated  thereby. 

HEBBEL.  —  Perhaps  a  wooden  bridge.  —  Cf.  Atkinson's 
Cleveland  Gloss,  and  Halliwell's  Diet,  sub  voc.  HEBBLE 
(obsolete). 

"  Nulli  ibunt  cum  auriga  .  .  .  super  le  hebbels." —Bottesford  Manor 
Records,  1563. 

Thoresby,  in  his  letter  to  Ray,  1703,  says  that  hebble  is  a  "narrow, 
short,  plank-bridge." — E.  D.  S. ,  No.  6,  p.  101. 

HECK.— (i)  A  hedge  (rare). 

It  ewsed  to  stan'  up  by  yon  heck  yonder  agea'n  th1  beach  tree. — Geo. 
Todd,Bottesford. 

(2)  A  rack  for  fodder  in  a  stable  or  pasture. 

We  mun  hev  them  hecks  mended  e'  th'  coo  staables,  th'  beas'  waaste 
the'r  fother  theare  shaameful. 

"  Let  the  rack  or  heck,  as  the  common  people  call  it,  be  in  proportion 
to  the  horse's  stature." — Vegetius  Renatus,  of  the  Distempers  of  Horses, 
1748,  p.  99. 

(3)  A  shuttle  in  a  drain. 

HECKLE,  v. — To  prepare  the  fibre  of  flax  or  hemp  by  means 
of  heckles. 

HECKLER. — One  who  heckles  flax  or  hemp. 


2('t(i  MAULEY    AtfD    CORRINfGHAM    WORDS'. 

HECKLES. — A  machine  made  of  steel  pins  fixed  in  blocks  of 
wood,  by  means  of  which  the  fibre  of  flax  or  hemp  is  worked. 

HECKSTAVER.— A  bar  in  a  heck  (q.v.) 

HED,pt.  t.— Had. 

He  never  hed  noht  bud  what  she  gev'  him. 

HEDER  (hee.dur). — A  male  animal,  most  commonly  used  of 
sheep. 

"They  are  forced  to  sell  their  heeders,  and  joist  their  sheeders  in  the 
spring." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  235. 

HEDGEBOOT  (obsolete).  The  right  of  getting  wood  for 
mending  hedges.  HAYBOOT  (q.v.)  is  another  form  of  the 
word. 

"  To  have  .  .  .  sufficient  houseboot,  hedgeboot  .  .  .  and  stake- 
boot  yearly." — Lease  of  Lands  in  B nimby,  1716. — Cf.  Mon.  Aug.,  vol.  iv., 
p.  209,  col.  i. — Kitchen,  on  Courts  Leet,  p.  116. 

HEEL-TREE.— A  swingle-tree  (q.v.) 

HEFT. — The  handle  of  a  knife,  hammer,  chisel,  or  any  small 
tool. 

HEIGH,  LADS  ! — An  exclamation  used  in  setting  a  dog  on  a 
cat  or  rat. 

HEIGHT,  inter] . — Word  of  command  to  horses,  meaning  "  go 
to  the  right." — W.S.,  Bottesford,  June,  22,  1886  (obsolescent). 

HEIR,  v. — To  inherit. 

He  heir'd  it  all  fra'  his  feyther. 

HEIRED  PROPERTY.— Property  under  settlement. 
HELL.— See  HULL. 

HELL-CAT. — A  very  small  and  troublesome  black  insect,  a 
midge,  a  "  Little  man  of  Wroot  "  (q.v.) 

HELL  GAD,  HELL  STANG.— An  augur  or  spear  for  catching 
eels. 

HELM. — A  shed  built  on  posts. 

"  Stacked  on  the  helm  in  the  stackyard  16  loads  of  short  wheat,  20 
stooks  to  the  load." — E.  S.  P.,  Bottesford  Farm  Ace.,  August  21,  1830. 

HELTER.— A  halter. 

HELTER-SKELTER.— In  great  confusion,  one  after  another. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINCHAM  WORDS.  26? 

HEM,  intcrj. — A  note  of  approval,  disapproval  or  question, 
according  to  the  way  in  which  it  is  said. 

"All  gave  a  general  hemme  after  Goffe's  speech  in  token  of  satis- 
faction."— Letter  of  Sir  Ric.  Temple,  1658,  in  Hist.  MSS.  Com.  Rep.  v.  p. 
172,  col.  i. 

HEMP-CROFT,  HEMP-GARTH,  HEMP- YARD. —  The 
gardens  attached  to  old  cottages  commonly  went  by  one  of 
these  names  as  theyjwere  in  former  days  used  mainly  for 
growing  hemp. 

HEMP-PIT,  HEMP-DYKE.  — A  pit  in  which  hemp  was 
steeped.  Traces  of  these  pits  are  to  be  found  near  most  of 
our  villages.  There  are  four  or  more  at  Bottesford. 

"  Drowned  in  a  hempe  pitt  near  a  litle  sink  of  hempe." — Haxey,  ijth 
Cent.,  Add.  MS.  31,028,  fol.  7. 

HEN-BAUKS. — The  perches  or  rafters  on  which  poultry  sit. 

HEN-CHALK.— A  kind  of  gypsum. 

"Fibrous  gypsum,  provincially  called  hen-chalk."-— Will.  Peck,  Ace. 
of  Isle  of  Axholme,  p.  17. 

HEN-PENNY,  HEN-RENT.— A  payment  made  to  the  Lord 
of  the  Manor  for  hens.  It  is  probably  obsolete.  See 
DUFRESNE,  Gloss.  Mfd.  Lat.,  sub  voc.  Gallinagium  ;  Cowel's 
and  Jacob's  Law  Dictionaries,  sub  voc.  Henedpenny. 

"Winterton  .  .  .  there  was  also  vjd- rent  for  six  hens,  payable 
at  the  feast  of  Christe's  natiuatie." — Norden's  Survey  of  the  Manor  of 
Klrton-in-Lindsey ,  1616,  p.  66b. 

"  The  lord  or  steward  of  this  mannour  of  Broughton  formerly  had 
every  year  ...  a  capon  of  every  husbandry,  and  a  hen  of  a  whole 
cottagry." — Diary  of  Abraham  de  la  Pryme  (Surtee's  Soc.),  p.  159  ;  Cf. 
Mon.  Aug.,  vol.  iv.,  pp.  292,  576 ;  Kitchen  On  Courts  Leet,  p.  209. 

HEN-SCRATTINS  (lit.  hen-scratchings),  s.  pi.— Small  dappled 
clouds,  or  light  thin  clouds  like  torn  locks  of  wool. 
"  Hen-scrats  and  filly-taails 
Mak  lofty  ships  hug  low  saails." 

The  first  line  sometimes  runs — 

"  Hen-scrats  and  graay  mare  taails." 

HEN-STEE.— A  small  ladder  made  of  laths,  by  which  the  hens 
ascend  to  roost. 

HEPPEN,  adj.— Handy,  clever,  deft,  neat. 

Charlie's  a  heppen  soort  o1  a  chap  ;  he  can  do  o'must  oht  that  belongs 
to  his  traade,  an'  a  lot  o1  uther  things  an'  all. 

All  th'  stacks  is  thack'd,  an'  th'  plaace  looks  real  heppen  noo. 

/wz. — Frequently  used  as  a  nominative.     See  HE. 


268  MANLEY  AMD  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HERBEGRASS. — Herb  of  grace,  rue  ;  Ruta  gmvcolens. 

"  There's  rue  for  you  ;  and  here's  some  for  me  ;  we  may  call  it  herb- 
grace  o'  Sundays." — Hamlet,  Act.  iv.,  sc.  v.,  1.  182. 

HEREAWAY,    HEREAWAYS,    adv.  — This  way;     in   this 
direction. 

"  Sequere  hac  me  intus.  Follow  me  in  this  way,  or  hereaway.'" — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  94. 

I  hev  n't  seen  him  hereawaays  sin'  Jewne. 

HERES  AND  THERES.— In  various  places. 

Noo  then,  iv'rything  is  all  heres  and  thedres,  noht  wheare  it  should  be. 

A  married  woman  said  :  "  When  we  fost  set  up  hoose-keapin1  I  ews'd 
to  get  my  shopthings  heres  and  thedres,  but  noo  I  alus  stick  to  one  plaace. — 
May,  1886. 

HERN,  pron.—Hers. 

HERONSEW.— The  heron. 

Heronsews  hev  built  e'  Manby  Woods  time  oot  o'  mind. 
"  I  wol  not  tellen  of  hir  strange  sewes, 
Ne  of  her  swannes,  ne  her  heronswes." 

Chaucer,  Squire's  Tale,  1.  68. 

HERRICANE.— A  hurricane. 

It's  them  herricaanes  m'm,  thaay  tears  th'  cloas  soa  as  we  durs'  n't  hing 
'em  oot. — Said  by  a  washerwoman,  at  Scotton,  March,  1877. 

HERRING-GUTTED,  ^7.— Thin,  bony,  wiry. 
HERRING-POND.— The  sea. 

HERSE.— (i)  A  horse. 

A  clergyman,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  a  new  comer  from  Southern 
parts,  had  a  call  of  business  made  upon  him  by  a  person  who  lived 
some  distance  off.  The  clergyman  asked  his  visitor  how  he  had  come, 
and  the  reply  was,  "  I  rode  on  a  herse."  The  Southerner  understood 
him  to  mean  by  herse,  not  a  horse,  but  a  carriage  in  which 
the  dead  are  conveyed,  and  thinking  that  a  funeral  was  arranged  for, 
of  which  he  had  had  no  notice,  snatched  up  his  hat  and  rushed  to  the 
clerk's  house  to  make  inquiries.  See  Hoss. 

(2)  A  frame  on  which  clothes  are  dried  before  a  fire. 
HERSE-STANG.— A  dragon-fly.     See  HOBBY-HERSE. 

HES,  v.— Has. 

Hes  he  been  ? "     No,  he  lies  n't. 

HES  BEEN. — (i)  A  man  or  woman  to  old  or  feeble  to  work. 

It  stan's  to  reason  at  yung  college-gentlemen  like  you  knaws  a  vast 
sight  moore  then  a  worn-oot  lies-been  like  me,  bud  you  weant  better  God 
Almighty  an'  ten  commandments  e'  my  time,  an'  soil  I'll  just  stick  to 
'em  while  I'm  happ'd  up. 

Compound  words  of  this  kind  often  occur  in  seventeenth  century 
literature.  Ben  Jonson  uses  hang-by  for  what  we  should  a  hanger-on. — 
Every  Man  in  his  Humour,  Act  iij.,  sc.  j. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  269 

(2)  An  antiquity. 

"  That's  a  fine  ohd  hes-been  is  n't  it,"  said  of  an  old  carved  chair. 

HESP. — A  hasp.     A  hook  used  for  fastening  a  gate  or  door. 

HESSLE  WHELPS.— The  water  of  a  part  of  the  Humber 
near  Hezzle,  which  is  often  turbulent.  See  BARTON 
BULLDOGS. 

HETHERD.— An  adder. 

"  When  I  was  helpin'  to  pare  Brumby  common,  me  an'  sum  moore  on 
us  cum'd  on  a  hetherd  wi'  her  yung  uns  agean  her,  an'  when  we 
wakkend  'em  th'  yung  uns  all  crep  doon  the'r  muther  throat.  An'  thaay 
tell  me  as  Parson  Frederick  seed  th'  saame  thing  happen  upo'  Scotton 
common,  bud  that's  a  vast  o'  years  sin  noo." — G.  S.,  Messingham, 
June  9,  1887. 

HETHERD-BROTH.— A  broth  made  of  the  flesh  of  an  adder 
boiled  with  a  chicken.  A  specific  for  consumption.  It  was 
till  about  fifty  years  ago  the  custom  for  certain  wanderers 
to  come  yearly  during  the  hot  weather  of  summer  from  the 
West  Country  (q.v.)  to  search  on  the  sand-hills  for  hetherds 
which  they  said  they  sold  to  the  doctors  for  the  purpose  of 
making  hetherd-broth. 

HETHERD-STONE.— That  is  an  adder-stone ;  an  ancient 
spindle-whorl.  It  is  still  believed  that  these  objects  are 
produced  by  adders,  and  that  if  one  of  them  be  suspendell 
around  the  neck  it  will  cure  whooping-cough,  ague,  and 
adder-bites.  See  Anselmus  Bcetius  de  Boot,  Gemmarum  et 
Lapidum  Historia,  1636,  p.  346;  Archaologia,  vol.  xl.,  p.  229; 
Gibson's  Camden's  Britannia,  vol.  ii.,  p.  64 ;  Notes  and 
Queries,  iv.  Series  t  vol.  ix.,  p.  155. 

HETHERD-STUNG,  «#.— Bitten  by  an  adder.  When  a 
swelling  suddenly  arises  upon  any  animal  without  the  cause 
being  known  it  is  said  to  be  hetherd-stung  ;  the  remedy  is  a 
poultice  compounded  of  boiled  onions  and  rotten  eggs. 
Hedgehogs  and  shrews  are  also  said  to  bite  animals  and 
produce  all  the  symptoms  of  the  *  sting  '  of  the  hetherd.  A 
similar  remedy  is  used. 

HEV,  v.— Have. 

"  Hev  you  seed  Garner  ? "     "  Ey,  he  was  here  a  bit  sin." 

HEWST,  //.—Used. 

HEWT,  pt.  t.— Owed. 

He  heiat  his  sarvant  chaps  o'must  a  year  waage  when  he  brok',  an" 
thaay  did  n't  get  a  penny  o'  the'r  munny, 

HEY.— Yes, 


270  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

HEY,  interj. — -Hey !  but  it  was  a  big  un. 
HEZZEL.— The  hazel,  see  HAZZEL. 

HICKING-BARROW.— A  frame  used  for  lifting  sacks  of  corn, 
"  Hicking  and  running  barrows." — Gainsb.  News,  April  8,  1876. 

HICK  UP,  &'.— To  lift  as  with  a  hicking-banow. 

HIDE.— The  human  skin. 
I'll  tan  thy  hide  for  the. 

HIDING.— A  beating. 

If  I  iver  catch  the  agaain  mislestin'  that  duck  on  her  nest  I'll  gie 
the  a  straange  hidin\ 

"Will  save  the  purgatorial  hiding.''' — AbciUard  and  Heloisa,  1819, 
p.  228. 

HIDE-BOUND.— Hard  on  the  surface. 

This  land's  that  hide-boond  ther's  noa  gettin'  a  pleugh  in  till  raain 
cums.— July  8,  1886. 
Trees  are  hide-bound  when  the  bark  shows  no  signs  of  growth. 

HIG. — To  put  a  person  in  a  hig  is  to  offend  him.     A  person  is 
in  his  higs  when  in  a  bad  temper. 

HIGGLE,  v.— (i)  To  barter. 

(2)  To  argue  over  a  bargain. 

I'd  raather  traade  wi'  ony  body  then  N  .  .  .he  higgles  soa,  one 
can't  get  dun  wi'  him. 

(3)  To  heap  up  earth  round  growing  potatoes. 

(4)  To  cut  food  badly. 

If  ye  higgle  yer  meat  e"  that  how  you  shan't  hev  noan. 

HIGGLER. — A  huckster.     A  man  who  goes  about  with  small 
wares,  buying  and  selling. 

11  Like  hirjkrs  pad,  or  packhorse  drone." — Edw.  Ward,  Don  Quixote, 
1711,  vol.  i.,  p.  43. 

HIGGLETY-PIGGLETY,  adv.— In  great  disorder. 

HIGH.— Proud. 

He's  that  high  noo,  he  weant  move  to  poor  foaks  when  he  meats  'em. 
I  shall  be  tellin'  on  him  sum  fine  daay,  'at  them  as  hes  gotten  to  top  o' 
stee  hes  n't  noa  call  to  kick  ther  ohd  maates  doon. 

HIGH-LARNT.— Learned. 

It  is  n't  th'  liigh-larntist  men  that's  fittest  fer  business. 

HIGH-TIME.— Full  time. 

It's  high  time  you  was  off  to  chech  ;  the  sarmon-bell's  ringin', 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  271 

HIGHT  (heit),  v.—(i]  To  raise;  to  tip  up. 

Hight  th'  barril-end,  th'  tap  weant  run. 

(2)  To   move  up  and  down,  as  children  do  in  the  game  of 
see-saw. 

HIGHTY-TIGHTY,  adj.—  (i)  Slightly  crazy. 

"Well,  you  see,  he's  not  fit  for  th'  'sylum,  maay  be,  bud  he's  Mghty- 
tighty  like. 
(2)  Haughty ;  overbearing. 

HIGHTY-TIGHTY.— A  see-saw. 

HIKE  OFF.— To  run  away. 

I  said  sum'ats  to  him  aboot  bein1  laate  in  at  neet,  soil  wi'  oot  ony 
moore  to  do  he  hiked  off  an'  niver  com  by  agean. 

HILDER.— The  udder  of  an  animal. 

HILL,  v. — (i)  To  earth  up  potatoes. 

"  A  rof  shal  hile  [cover]  us  bothe  o-nith."— Havelok,  1.  2,082. 
(2)  To  make  manure  into  a  heap. 

"  Mr.  Lloyd  is  much  against  hilling  of  manure." — Arth.  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  p.  266. 

HIM. — Frequently  used  as  a  nominative.     See  HE. 

HINCROACHIN',  adj.— Encroaching. 

She's  the  moast  hincrodchinest  woman  that  iver  set  foot  in  a  hoose. 

HIND. — A  foreman  on  a  farm  ;  a  farm  bailiff  (rare). 
"  ]>ine  cherles,  )nne  hine." — Havelok,  1.  620. 
Are  you  my  cousin  Thomas  Peacock's  hind  ? — T.  P.  Crowle. 

HINDEREND  (i  short  as  in  Binder).  The  back  part  of 
anything. 

Th'  pickin'  furk's  e'  th1  hinder  end  o'  th1  barn. 

I  was  born  at  the  hinderend  o'  th'  year,  the  daay  efter  Saaint  Thomas. 

HINDERENDS  (i  as  in  cinder).— Lighter,  and  therefore 
inferior,  corn;  so  called  because  in  winnowing  it  falls  at 
the  hinderend  of  the  heap. 

We  send  forends  to  markit,  seconds  to  th'  miln  for  wer-sens,  an' 
chickens  gets  th'  kinder  ends. 

"  If  thaay  had  white  bread  it  was  a  luxury,  and  then  they  ate  the 
hinder-ends." — Lawrence  Cheny,  Ruth  and  Gabriel,  vol.  i.,  p.  5. 

HING,  v.— To  hang. 

"  For  hinging  her  "  (a  bell). — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1630. 
He'd  said  times  many  that  afoore  he'd  marry  her  he'd  king  his-sen 
up  o'  th'  highest  tree  e'  Notherup. 

"  Where  the  snow-drop  hings." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  3<|.. 
"  The  lane  path  where  the  dog-rose  hings." 

Ibid,  Sonnet  xx, 


272  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

KING-LOCK.— A  hanging  lock,  a  padlock. 

HING-POST,  HING  STOHP.— The  post  on  which  a  gate 
haiigs. 

HINT.— Hinder. 

Th'  hint-wheels  o'  th'  red  waggon  wants  greasin'. 

HIP.— The  fruit  of  the  wild  rose. 

HIKINGS,  s.  pi. — Statute  fairs  for  hiring  servants. 

HIRST.— See  HURST. 

HIS  SEN.— Himself. 

HITCH,  v.— (i)  To  move. 

(2)  To  move  on. 

(3)  To  change  crops  in  an  open  field. 

"  In  fallow  years  no  hitching  is  ever  made  in  any  of  the  fields,  and 
consequently  no  clover  or  turnips  are  raised.'* — Survey  oj  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

HITCH  ON,  v.— To  move  on. 

Hitch  on  a  bit ;  ther's  anuther  to  cum  i'to  this  pew. 

HITCH  UP,  v.— To  pull  or  push  upward. 
Hitch  up  th'  bed  cloas  a  bit,  it's  stingin'  cohd. 

He  did  n't  wear  gallowses,  soa  he  alus  hed  to  be  hitchin'  up  his 
breeches. 

HIT  ON. — To  meet  with,  to  find,  to  think  of. 

I've  hit  on  just  reight  ;  this  is  th'  very  thing  I  wanted. 

I  knaw'd  all  aboot  it,  but  I  couldn't  hit  on  it  just  when  you  axed  me. 

HITTY-MISSY,  adv. — Promiscuous  ;  without  order,  regularity, 
or  care. 

Sum  fciiks  likes  flooers  set  in  pattrens,  bud  I  like  'em  all  ony-how, 
hitty -missy  like. 

Hitty-missy ;  Recte  an  secus. — Adam  Littleton's  Lat.  Diet.,  1735, 
sub  voc. 

HITTY-MISSY  WINDOW.— A  window  made  of  upright  bars 
of  wood,  one  half  of  them  attached  to  the  frame,  the  other 
half  to  the  slide.  When  the  window  is  shut  no  light  enters  ; 
when  open,  the  bars  pass  behind  each  other,  and  light  and 
air  are  admitted. 

HIVY-SKYVY.— Confusion. 
HOAM  (hoa-h'm)— Home. 

HOARST,  HOST.— A  cold  on  the  chest,  a  hoarseness. 
I've  gotten  such  a  liotirst  I  can  hardliu's  specie  a  \vod, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  278 

HOARSE,  adj.— Hoarse. 

HOB.— (i)  A  cherry-stone. 

(2)  The  mark  at  which  aim  is  taken  in  playing  at  marbles, 
pitch  and  toss,  quoits,  &c. 

HOB,  HOB-END,  HUD,  HUD-END  (Hud  pronounced  like 
hood). — The  flat-topped  side  of  a  fire-place,  on  which  a  tea- 
kettle or  small  pan  can  be  placed. 

HOB,  v. — To  cut  down  roughly,  nettles,  thistles,  or  long  coarse 
grass.  See  Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  p.  174. 

HOBBLE.— (i)  A  limp. 

He  goas  wi'  a  strange  hobble. 
(2)  Trouble;  difficulty. 

HOBBLE,  v.— To  limp. 

HOBBY-HERSE.— (i)  A  hobby-horse,  a  child's  toy,  like  a 
horse  on  wheels. 

(2)  A  rocking  horse. 

(3)  A  dragon-fly.  These  insects  are  in  Nottinghamshire  called 
hoss-tangs,  and  it  is  believed  there  that  "  three  on  'em  will 
tang  a  hoss  to  dead."     A  neighbour  of  the  author's  affirms 
that  when  he  lived  in  the  "  Isle  "  (q.v.),  a  hobby- herse  stung 
a  horse  of  his  so  badly  that  it  caused  its  death. 

(4)  One  of  the  "  plough-jags  "  dressed  so  as  to  look  like  a 
horse  (q.v.) 

HOB-NAIL. — A  nail  with  a  flat  head  put  into  the  soles  of 
boots. 

HOCKERED  UP,  v.— Stiff ;  lame. 

I've  gotten  th'  frost  e'  my  feat,  an'  I  hev  to  goa  cram'lin'  aboot ;  I'm 
sorely  hocher'd  up. 

HO'D  (hod),  v.— (i)  To  hold, 

Ho\i  fast  till  I  cum  to  you,  or  you'll  be  fallin'  an'  braakin'  sum'ats. 
(2)  To  continue. 

I  hoape  it'll  nobbut  ho'd  fair  till  I  get  hoam,  then  it  maay  raain  as  it 
likes. 

HOE. — A  hill.     Obsolete  as  a  single  word,  but  occurring  fre- 
quently in  names  of  places,  as  Black/w<?,  Greenhoe,  Scallows, 
s. 
"  Bi  his  hened  and  by  his  har 

Forth  J)ai  his  maistir  droght, 
And  rugged  him  vnrekinli 
Beth  ouer  hill  and  hogh." 

Cursor  Mtindi,  1.  15826. 


274  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

It  is  a  Scandinavian  word  represented  by  the  Icelandic  haugr,  a  hill, 
a  mound.  The  A.  S.  he&Ji,  Gothic  hauhs,  high,  are  closely  related 
words. 

HOG. — A  lamb,  separated  from  its  mother,  but  unshorn. 

Thomas  Fowler,  of  Ashby,  put  sheep  called  hogges  in  the  ings  and 
was  fined  4<i — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Court  Roll,  2&  of  James  I. 

"  200  lambed  and  in-lamb  ewes  and  gimmers,  200  he  hogs,  140  she 
hogs." — Gainsb.  News,  23rd  March,  1867. 

HOG-MANED. — When  a  horse's  mane  is  cut  short,  so  that  it 
stands  erect  like  a  brush,  the  animal  is  called  hog-maned. 

HOGS,  5.  pi. — Castrated  male  pigs. 
HOHD,  v.— See  HOLD. 

HOHLE. — A  wooden  tunnel  under  a   bank   or   road  for  the 
conveyance  of  water. 

"  J  hundred  nales  for  a  owle,  6d. ;  crooks  &  bands  for  an  howl,  2s.  6d. ; 
to  Wm.  Stainforth  for  an  howl,  £i  is.  od." — Bottesford  Moors  Ace.,  1809. 

HOLD,  v. — (i)  To  continue. 

If  th'  raain  hohds  like  this  I  shall  not  goa  to  Brigg. 
(2)  To  be  pregnant. 

If  she  (a  mare)  hohds  we  can't  work  her  next  spring. 

HOLD,  TO  GET  HOLD  OF,  phr.—To  become  possessed  of. 

Sally's  that  setten  up  wi'  her  bairn  onybody  wo'd  think  she  was  fo'st 
woman  as  bed  larnt  how  to  get  hohd  o'  childer. 

HOLDFAST.— A  clamp  in  a  building. 

HOLDING. — An  over-year  pig. 

"  xviij  ould  swine  &  viij  houldiitgs  iiij  to  xvis." — Inventory  of  John 
Nevill,  of  Faldingworth,  1590  ;  Midi.  Cos.  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  29. 

HOLD  OUT,  v.— (i)  To  continue  steadfast. 

(2)  To  keep  alive. 

He's  livin'  yet  but  he  can't  hohd  oot  much  longer. 

HOLLER.— (i)  A  hollow,  a  slight  depression  in  the  surface  of 
the  soil. 

You  mun  goa  let  th'  watter  off  fra  them  hollers. 

(2)  A  plane  used  for  making  hollow  trenches  in  wood. 

HOLD  UP.— To  continue  fair. 

Will  it  hohd  up  to-daay,  I  wonder  ?     Th'  glass  is  droppin'  fast. 

HOLD  WITH.— To  be  in  agreement  with. 

It's  no  ewse  talkin'  noa  moore,  I  shall  niver  hohd  wi'  you  aboot  them 
theiire  things. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  275 

HOLLER,  adj.— Hollow. 

To  be  beaten  holler  is  to  be  entirely  beaten. 

HOLLER-GOUGE.— A  gouge,  a  hollow  chisel. 
HOLLER-TOOL.— A  tool  (q.v.) 
HOLLIN.— The  holly. 

HOLLOA. — A  loud  shout.  When  a  person  holloas  to  any  one 
at  a  great  distance,  a  person  near  him  often  says : 

"  Holloa's  dead 
An'  I'm  cum  in  his  stead." 
At  other  times : 

"Holloa's  dead,  an'  his  wife  lives  at  Hull, 
Kept  a  coo  but  milk'd  a  bull." 

HOLLOND.— The  holly. 

"The  people  here  invariably  call  holly  prick  holland,  and  for  that 
reason  the  natives  called  this  part  of  the  lordship  Holland  woods." — 
J.  Mackinnon,  Ace.  of  Messingham,  1825,  p.  18. 

HOLLOW  WIND.— A  moaning  wind. 

"  The  wind  sounds  low  and  hollow, 
As  a  watchdog  howls  in  pain  ; 
Now  softly  beats,  now  ceases, 
The  intermittent  rain." 

Local  Verses,  1847. 

HOLM. — A  hill,  an  island  ;  obsolete  except  in  place  names,  as 
Holme,  a  hamlet  in  the  parish  of  Bottesford  ;  Thornholme 
Priory  and  Haverholme  wood  in  the  parish  of  Appleby  ;  the 
Holmes  at  Winterton.  The  Icelandic  holmr  generally  means 
an  islet. 

HOLT. — A  small  plantation  of  ash  or  willow.     A.  S.  holt.     In 
Mr.  John  Earle's  English  Plant  Names  it  is  stated  that  holt 
is  now  used  only  in  local  names,  p.  xcvi.      It  is   constantly 
employed  here.     If  anyone  talked  of  a  plantation  of  willows 
instead  of  a  willow-holt  he  would  be  laughed  at. 
"  The  holies  that  now  are  hoare, 
Both  bud  and  bloume  I  sawe." 

Geo.  Turberville,  Edit.  Chalmer's,  p.  598. 
"  To  Whittlesea's  reed-wooded  mere, 
And  osier-holts  by  rivers  near." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  4. 

HOLYBREAD  (obsolete).— The  eulogia  or  panis  benedictus—that 
is,  common  leavened  bread  blessed  by  the  priest  after  mass, 
cut  into  small  pieces,  and  distributed  among  the  people. 
It  had  no  connection  with  the  sacramental  elements,  but 
was  used  as  a  symbol  of  brotherly  love. — See  The  Antiquary, 
May,  1888. 

"  For  a  mand  for  hallybred." — Kirton-in-Lindscy  Ch.  Ace.,  1546. 


27G  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HOLY -WATER  STOCK. — A  post  or  pillar  containing  a 
receptacle  for  holy  water  (obsolete). 

"  A  holliwater-stock  of  stone  .  .  .  broken  in  peces  and  sold  to 
Christopher  Baudwine  in  Anno  1565." — Awhborough  Inventory,  in  Line. 
Ch.  Goods,  p.  35. 

HOMAGING.— Flattery. 

Ther's  noa  gettin'  on  wi'  her  she  wants  soa  much  homaagein';  it's  that 
she  lives  on. 

HOME.— Whom. 

"The  former  of  home  died  Aug.  igth,  1826." — Mon.  Inscrip.  Wintcrton 
Ch.  Yard. 

HOMESPUN. — Linen  or  woollen  spun  at  home  as  distinguished 
from  the  purchased  article. 

HOMESPUN,  adj.— Rude,  unpolished. 
She's  a  hodmespun  un  ;  she  is  that. 

HOME-YARD,  HOME  CLOSE,  HOME  FIELD.— A  croft, 
garden,  paddock,  or  grass  close  near  a  homestead.  Home- 
field  is  rarely  used  ;  when  it  is  employed  in  this  connection 
an  error  is  made.  See  FIELD. 

"  In  the  home-yaids  two  sorts  of  hemp  were  grown." — J.  Mackinnon, 
Ace.  of  Messingham,  1825,  p.  12. 

HONEY. — A  term  of  endearment,  usually  from  a  lover  to  his 
sweetheart,  or  a  husband  to  a  wife. 

HOO. — How.  Rare;  the  current  English  pronunication  is 
commonly  employed. 

HOOD. — A  game  played  at  Haxey,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  on 
the  sixth  of  January. 

The  hood  is  a  piece  of  sacking,  roiled  tightly  up  and  veil  corded,  and 
which  weighs  about  six  pounds.  This  is  taken  into  an  open  field,  on 
the  north  side  of  the  church,  about  two  o'clock  in  the  alternoon,  to 
be  contended  for  by  the  youths  assembled  for  that  purpose.  When 
the  hood  is  about  to  be  thrown  up,  the  plough  bullocks  or  boggins,  as 
they  are  called,  dressed  in  scarlet  jackets,  are  placed  among  the  crowd 
at  certain  distances.  Their  persons  are  sacred,  and  if  amidst  the 
general  row  the  hood  falls  into  the  hands  of  one  of  them  the  sport 
begins  again.  The  object  of  the  person  who  seizes  the  hood  is  to  carry 
off  the  prize  to  some  publ  c-house  in  the  town,  where  he  is  rewarded 
with  such  liquor  as  he  chooses  to  call  for.  This  pastime  is  said  to  have 
been  instituted  by  the  Mowbrays,  and  that  the  person  who  furnished 
the  hood  did  so  as  a  tenure  by  which  he  held  some  land  under  the 
lord.  How  far  this  tradition  may  be  founded  on  fact  I  am  not  able  to 
say ;  but  no  person  now  acknowleges  to  hold  any  land  by  that  tenure. — 
Stonehouse,  Isle  of  Axholme,  p.  291.  Peck  states  that  this  game  is  also 
played  at  Epworth. — Isle  of  Axholme,  p.  277. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  277 

HOOD. — To  have  one's  hood  on,  is  to  take  offence,  to  be  angry. 
Harry  got  i'to  truble  on  Frida',  an'  his  muther's  hed  her  hood  on  iver 
sin'. 

HOOD-END. — The  hob  at  the  side  of  a  fire-place  of  the  older 
sort  ;  a  kind  of  corner  shelf  on  which  a  kettle  may  be  set. 
See  HOB. 

HOOK. — A  bend  in  a  river.  Thus,  in  the  Trent,  there  are 
Morton  Hook,  Amcott's  Hook,  &c. 

Th'  packit  pick'd  up  th'  body  just  agean  th'  Hook. 

HOOK  IT.— To  run  away. 

"  Soa  I  says  to  my  maate,  Bill,  let's  hook  it:' — Crowle. 

HOOK,  TO  TAKE.— To  run  away. 

E'  stead  o'  cumin'  to  Winterton,  he  took   his  hook  anuther  road. — 
April  19,  1877. 

He  heard  p'liceman  cumin'  soa  he  took  his  hook,  an'  I  seed  noa  moore 
on  him. 

HOOK  OR  CROOK.— By  one  way  or  another. 

"  By  hab  or  nab,  hooke  or  crooke."—  Bernard,  Terence,  p.  17. 

HOOKS,  OFF  THE.— Ill;  in  a  bad  temper  ;  unsettled. 
Is  oht  wrong,  missis,  maaster  seems  clear  off  th'  hooks  to-daay. 
"  The  heaviness  and  impertinence  of  his  scholars  could  seldom  throw 
him  off  the  hooks." — Jeremy  Collier,  The  Emperor  Marcus  Antoninus,  his 
Conversation  with  himself,  1701,  p.  iv. 

HOOSE  (hoos).— A  house. 
HOOZE  (hooze),  v.— To  wheeze. 

HOPPER. — (i)  A  wicker-basket  worn  slung  over  the  shoulder, 
in  which  the  sower  carries  the  grain. 

"  Hange   myn   hoper  at   myn   hals   in   stede   of  a  scrippe."— Pier's 
Plowman,  B  text,  pass,  vi.,  1.  63. 

(2)  The  receptacle  for  grain,  over  the  mill-stones. 

HOPPER  CAKES,  s.  //.—Cakes  given  to  farm-servants  and 
labourers  when  seed  time  is  over.^  ....  Green,  of 
Scotter,  informs  me  that  when  he  was  a  boy  and  young 
man,  that  is,  between  sixty  and  seventy  years  ago,  hopper- 
cakes  or  offer-cakes,  as  they  were  sometimes  called,  were 
given  away  accompanied  by  spiced  beer,  at  Scotter,  by 
the  farmers  when  the  last  seed  was  sown.  It  is  to  be 
feared  that  the  custom  and  the  name  are  alike  obsolete. 

HOPPLE,  v. — To  tie  together  the  hind  legs  of  an  animal. 

"  That  noe  man  hoppcll  noe  cattell  in  the  Forthe  vpon  paine  of  euerye 
defalte,  xijd."— Scotter  Manor  Roll,  1586. 


278  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HOPPLES,  s.  pi. — Cords  made  of  horse-hair,  used  for  hoppling 
the  hind  legs  of  cows  when  they  are  being  milked. 

HORNBOOK. — A  paper  on  which  was  printed  the  alphabet 
and  the  Lord's  Prayer,  which  was  attached  to  a  small 
square  board  with  a  projecting  handle,  and  protected  by  a 
sheet  of  horn.  See  Halliwell's  Cat.  of  Chapbooks,  1849, 
p.  124.  An  engraving  of  a  hornbook  fronts  the  title.  Horn- 
books were  used  here  in  dames'  schools  until  about  a 
hundred  years  ago. 

HORROR-SLAIN.— Killed  by  fright. 

She  was  o'must  horror-slaain  by  what  happen'd ;  we  noan  o'  us  thoht 
she'd  get  oher  it. 

HORSE. — An  iron  stool  used  for  setting  things  on  before  a 
fire. 

HORSE-COUPER.— A  horse  dealer. 

Thy  faather  was  noht  bud  a  horse-cohper . — Circa  1830. 

HORSE-COURSE.— To  beat. 

I'll  hoss-course  ony  o'  you  lads  I  find  ony  moore  e'  my  otcherd. 
It  wo'd  hev  been  a  vast  sight  better  to  "hev  gen  him  a  good  hene- 
coursin',  an'  not  to  hev  hed  noa  justice  do  aboot  it. 

HORSE-GODMOTHER.— A  large  coarsely-made  woman. 

HORSE-HEAD. — Anything  very  big,  awkward,  or  ungainly  is 
said  to  be  "  as  big  as  a  hoss-htdd. 

Alfred  Stocks  hes  putten  stoans  upo'  th'  Scalla'    laane  as    big    as 
hoss-hedds . — M  essingham . 

HORSE-LEG.— A  bassoon. 

HORSE-LEG  DUMPLING.— Rowly-powly  pudding  (q.v.) 

HORSEMAN. — The  man  who  attends  upon  and  travels  with  a 
stallion. 

HORSE-MUSSEL.— The  large  fresh-water  mussel. 

HORSE-TREE. — The  piece  of  wood  to  which  the  swingle-tree 
of  a  pair  of  harrows  is  attached. 

HORSE'S  NAMES.— The  following  names  of  draught  horses 
are  in  use  ;  all  of  them  are  fifty  years  old  ;  many  might  be 
traced  to  a  much  earlier  date : — Badger,  Ball,  Barley, 
Beauty,  Berry,  Bess,  Bessy,  Bill,  Billy,  Blackbird,  Blossom, 
Blucher,  Bob,  Bonny,  Bounce,  Bower,  Bowler,  Boxer, 
Brandy,  Bright,  Brisk,  Briton,  Brown,  Bute,  Captain, 
Careless,  Chance,  Charley,  Chestnut,  Daisy,  Damsel, 


MANLEY   AND   CORRlNGttAM   WORDS.  279 

Dapple,  Darby,  Darling,  Depper,  Diamond,  Dick,  Dobbin, 
Doctor,  Dragon,  Drummer,  Duke,  Fanny,  Farmer,  Filly, 
Flower,  Gilbert,  Jack,  Jelley,  Jenny,  Jerry,  Jet,  Jewel, 
Jockey,  Joe,  Jolly,  Kitt,  Kitty,  Lady,  Lightfoot,  Lion, 
Lively,  Lofty,  Merry,  Merryman,  Mettle,  Mike,  Miller, 
Milner,  Mole,  Nettle,  Nob,  Nonsuch,  Pedler,  Peg,  Pilot, 
Pincher,  Pink,  Polly,  Pride,  Prince,  Punch,  Rambler, 
Range,  Ranger,  Rattler,  Roger,  Samson,  Shanks,  Sharper, 
Short,  Shot,  Smart,  Smiler,  Smut,  Snip,  Spanker,  Spring, 
Star,  Taffy,  Tartar,  Tet,  Tiger,  Tinker,  Tippler,  Tommy, 
Tramp,  Traveller,  Trip,  Trooper,  Turpin,  Vanity,  Violet, 
Wasp,  Whitefoot,  Whitethorn. 

The  will  of  Nathaniel  Fiennes,  jun.,  of  Brumby,  dated  April  27, 
1672,  mentions  mares  called  Maid  and  Fowler  and  a  little  black  nag 
called  Pipsee. 

HORSES'  SHOES  are  nailed  on  doors  and  on  the  out  and 
inside  of  houses  to  ward  off  witchcraft.  The  practice  is 
becoming  obsolete. 

"  On  corner  walls,  a  glittering  row, 
Hang  fire  irons — less  for  use  than  show ; 
With  horse-shoe  brighten'd  as  a  spell, 
Witchcraft's  evil  powers  to  quell." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  8. 

HORSES'  SPURS,  s.  pi.— The  callosities  on  the  inner  sides  of 
the  legs  of  a  horse. 

"  A  cancer  in  the  breast  .  .  .  Take  horses' -spurs  and  dry  them  by 
the  fire  till  they  will  beat  to  a  powder ;  sift  and  infuse  two  drams  in 
two  quarts  of  ale ;  drink  half  a  pint  every  six  hours,  new  milk  warm. 
It  has  cured  many." — John  Wesley,  Primitive  Physic,  1755,  p.  38. 

HORSING  BLOCK,  HORSING  STEPS.— Stone  steps  to 
assist  persons  in  getting  on  horses;  they  were  especially 
used  by  women  for  mounting  on  pillions. 

HOSS.— See  HERSE. 
HOST.— See  HOAST. 

HOST-HOUSE. — A  cottage  where  lads  and  lasses  meet  of  an 
evening.  A  place  of  assignation. 

"  No  good  '11  cum  to  her;  her's  is  a  reg'lar  host-hoose." — Scotton,  cf. 
Earle,  Eng.  Plant.  Names,  p.  xcvi. 

HOT,  pt.  t.— Hurt.     HOTTEN,  pp.— Hurt. 

"  A  big  bew  tum'l'd  oot  o'  th'  elmin  tree  agean  my  hoose  end  this 
mornin'  wi'  a  fine  bang ;  my  missis  was  real  scar'd  when  she  heard 
it ;  she  thoht  no  uther  bud  one  o'  th'  bairns  hed  been  climbin'  an' 
tum'l'd  an'  hot  it  sen." — Bottesford,  July  29,  1875. 

Ther's  two  men  been  hotten  at  th'  fo'nises. 


280  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HOT,  v.— To  make  hot. 

Hot  me  this  iron  Alice,  my  lass,  an'  bring  it  by  agean  as  soon  as  ta 
can. 

"  The  surface  of  the  river  [Trent,  at  Keadby]  was  a  vast  sheet  of 
ice,  as  even  as  a  billiard  table.  The  Union  Jack  was  hoisted  amid 
general  rejoicing,  and  afterwards  a  large  fire  was  kindled,  water  hotted, 
and  a  steaming  bowl  of  punch  prepared  by  the  proprietress  of  the 
hotel." — Society,  2nd  Feb.,  1881. 

HOT- ACHE. — Pains  in  the  flesh  which  come  on  when  a  person 
is  warm  by  the  fire  or  in  bed. 

HOTCH,  v.— (i)  To  trot  slowly. 

(2)  To  get  upon  a  pillion  (obsolescent). 

(3)  To  cook  cockles  by  heating  them  in  a  pan. 

HOTCHEL,  v.— To  hobble. 

I'm  that  bad  wi'  rewmatics  I  can  hardly  hotchcl  along. 

HOT-FOOT. — Immediately,  without  hesitation  or  delay,  im- 
petuously. 

As  soon  as  she  heard  on  it  she  went  off  hot-foot  to  oor  Tom's,  an' 
tell'd  him  what  foaks  was  saayin'. 

HOTNESS.— Heat. 

HOTTER.' — A  half-circle  of  iron  attached  to  the  upper  side  of 
the  axle-tree  of  a  cart  or  waggon  to  hinder  the  wheels  from 
having  too  much  play. 

HOT  UP. — To  make  hot,  used  especially  with  regard  to  food 
that  has  been  already  cooked  and  become  cold. 

Mrs.  S.  .  .  .  ,  a  lady  who  had  recently  come  to  live  in  the  Isle 
of  Axholme,  told  a  servant  to  heat  something  for  dinner.  The  girl, 
who  had  the  usual  indifference  to  an  H  more  or  less,  misunderstood 
her  mistress's  orders  and  ate  it.  Had  Mrs.  S.  .  ,  .  said  hot  it  up 
she  would  have  been  understood. 

HOUGH,  i'.— To  hamstring. 

"  Hough t  the  horses  of  the  charets." — 2  Samuel,  ch.  viii.,  v.  4  (Geneva 
version). 

HOUSE. — The  living  room  of  a  cottage  or  small  farm-house. 

"The  cottages  had  only  a  house  and  parlour."— Macldnnon,  Ace.  of 
Messingham,  1825,  p.  25. 

HOUSEBOOT.— The  right  of  getting  wood  to  build  or  repair 
houses. 

"  To   have     .     .  sufficient  houseboat,   hedgeboot      .      .      .     and 

stakeboot  yearly.'1 — Lease  of  Lands  in  Brumby,  1716.     Cf.  Will.  Nelson, 
Lex  Maneriorum,  p.  190, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  281 

HOUSE-KEEPER.— One  who  stays  very  much  in-doors. 

I'm  a  real  Iwosc-hcdpcr  noo,  I  hev'  n't  been  to  Brigg  markit  for  oher 
a  twel'  munth. 

She's  a  good  hoose-keaper  niver  runs  clartin'  efter  th'  lads. 

HOUSE-PROUD. — A  person  is  said  to  be  house-proud  who 
takes  care  that  the  furniture  and  arrangements  of  her 
dwelling  are  neat. 

She's  not  a  bit  hoose-prood,  iv'rything  is  alus  at  sixes  and  sevens. 

HOUSE-REARING. — A  feast  given  when  the  roof  of  a  new 
house  was  put  on. 

"  Spent  at  ye  houses  rearing  2$-  " — Lea,  Overseer's  Ace.,  1752. 

HOUSE-ROW.— (i)  Before  the  Act  of  Parliament  was  passed 
for  rating  poor-law  unions  as  a  whole,  it  was  customary 
for  the  farmers,  instead  of  giving  a  pauper  direct  relief,  to 
let  him  go  by  louse-row,  that  is,  each  farmer  employed  him 
at  a  low  rate  of  wages  for  a  time  proportionate  to  the  land 
which  he  occupied. 

(2)  To  call   at   every  house  in  a   street  or  village,  as   rate- 
collectors   and   distributors   of  handbills   do,  is  to  go   by 

house-row. 

HOUSE-WARMING. — A  feast  given  to  friends  or  workmen 
by  one  entering  into  the  occupation  of  a  new  house. 

HOUSEN,^/.  of  house  (rare). 

HOUSSELS.— Household  furniture. 

If  in  caase  I  was  to  dee  behoot  a  will  would  my  missis  get  th' 
houssels  ? 

HOVEL.— A  finger-stall  (q.v.) 

HO  YEN,  ^.—Overburdened  with  food. 

HOVER.— The  act  of  hesitation. 

I  was  all  in  a  hover  when  he  cam'  up  whether  I  should  say  noh    or 
speak  to  him. 

HOVER,  v.— To  hesitate. 

HOW. — Manner,  way,  method. 

See  bairn,  thoo  shou'd  do  it  e'  this  how. 

HOW,  interj. — Used  in  driving  cattle. 

HOW  ABOUT. — An  indefinite  interrogation  in  very  common 
use. 

Pleas'  m'm  how  aboot  dinner  ? 

"How  aboot  this  here  herse  o'  yours  ?     Why,  noht  at  all  aboot  him, 
I  wean't  sell  him. 


282  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

HOWERLY,  adj.— Dirty,  indecent,  foul. 

I'd  a  real  howerly  jo'ney  to  Gaainsb'r,  it  raain'd  all  th1  waay  theare 
an'  by  agean. 

\f  ye  talk  e'  that  howerly  waay  when  we're  gettin'  wer  vittles,  I  weant 
gie  the  noan. 

HOWK  OUT,  v.— To  pull  out ;  to  grub. 

If  I  was  him  I  should  hev  them  ketlocks  howk'd  oot  o'  yon  barley. — 
July  13,  1886. 

HOWMSWEVER,  adv.— Howsoever. 

"  Howmswever,  just  when  he  got  about  a  hundred  yards  past  Mottle- 
Esh  Turnin.'" — Ralf  Skirlaugh,  vol.  i.,  p.  37. 

HOYDEN. — A  bold,  rough  young  woman  who  romps  about 
with  men. 

HUCK.— The  hip.     See  HUGGIN. 

When  I  was  a  sojer  e'  Egypt,  I  was  wounded  e"  th'  huck. 

HUCKLE-BONE.— The  astragalus  ;  a  small  bone  of  a  sheep 
used  by  children  for  playing  a  game  called  in  some  parts  of 
England,  "  dibs."  The  floors  of  summer-houses  used 
frequently  to  be  paved  with  these  huckle-bones.  There 
is,  or  was,  a  floor  of  this  sort  in  a  summer-house  at 
Blyborough. 

HUD,  HUD  END.— See  HOB. 

HUDDLE,  v. — (i)  To  embrace,  to  fondle,  to  kiss. 
(2)  To  put  on  clothes  in  a  disorderly  manner. 

HUFF. — The  condition  of  being  offended. 

I  tell'd  him  one  or  two  things  aboot  his  sen,  soa  he  went  awaay  in  a 
huff. 

HUG,  v.— (i)  To  carry. 

"He  cud  mind  'em  huggiii'  tatees." — Sir  C.  H.  J.  Anderson,  Bart., 
Lincoln  Pocket  Guide,  p.  15. 

"  Can  ta  hug  a  seek  o'  beans  ? " 

(2)  To  embrace,  to  kiss. 

(3)  He's  gotten  moore  then  he  can  hug,  that  is,  he  is  drunk. 

HUGGER-MUGGER,  adv. — In  disorder,  all-upon-heaps. 
HUGGIN.— The  hip.     See  HUCK. 

HUIGH-HUIGH,  inter/. — An  exclamation  used  in  driving 
pigs. 

HULKING,  adj.-(i)  Big,  unwieldly. 
(2)  Idle. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  283 

HULL.—"  From  Hull,  Hell,  and  Halifax— Good  Lord  deliver 
us." 

Hull,  in  the"  beginning  of  the  great  Civil  War,  refused  to  admit 
Charles  I.  ;  Halifax  was  notorious  for  its  stern  gibbet  law;  they  are, 
therefore,  bracketed  with  the  place  of  torment. 

As  strong  as  Hull,  i.e.,  very  strong  indeed.  The  allusion  is  to  the 
fortifications  of  that  town,  which  were  formerly  much  renowned  in 
these  parts. 

HULL. — A  pod  ;  the  husk  of  grain. 

HULL,  v. — To  take  beans  or  peas  out  of  their  pods. 

HULLET,  lit.  OWLET.— An  owl. 

HUMBLE-PIE. — To  eat  humble-pie  is  to  suffer  humiliation. 

HUMBUG. — A  sweetmeat,  a  large  kind  of  pin-cushion,  (q.v.) 

HUMLOCK.— A  hemlock. 

HUMMER,  v.— To  hum. 

HUMOURS.— (i)  A  rash. 
(2)  Bad  temper. 

HUMP-BACKED.— Hunch-backed. 

HUNCHT,  adj.—(i)  Ungenial,  bad-tempered. 

A  ...  's  a  straange  huncht  an'  queer  man,  he  weant  let  noabody 
cum  along  side  on  him  wi'oot  slaatin'  'em. 

"  I  will  do  thee  some  good  turne  for  this  thou  hast  done  me  without 
any  hunching.*' — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  224. 

(2)  Cold,  bleak,  cheerless  ;  used  regarding  the  weather. 
"  A  huncht  back-end,  and  melch  spring." — Lincolnshire  Proverb. 

HUNDRED.— See  WAPENTAKE. 
HUNDERD.— Hundred. 

HUNG-BEEF.— Salted  beef  hung  up  to  dry.  It  was  formerly 
the  custom  for  the  larger  farmers  to  kill  and  salt  one  or 
more  bullocks  in  the  autumn  as  food  for  their  men  servants. 

"Bacon  hung  beif  &  fyve  cople  fyshe  xijs. " — Inventory  of  Roland 
Staveley,  of  Gainsburgh,  1551. 

HUNK,  HUNCH.— The  same  as  CHUNK  (q.v.) 

HUNKS,  OLD.— A  dirty  and  miserly  old  man. 

"  The  most  penurious,  sordid  old  hunks  that  ever  cheated  the 
gallows," — Th.  Brown,  in  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange's  Colloquies  of  Erasmus, 
1711,  p,  348. 


284         MANLEY  AND  CORKINGHAM  WORDS. 

"  I  quite  enjoy  the  thought  of  appearing  in  the  light  of  an  old  hunks 
who  knows  on  which  side  his  bread  is  buttered,  a  warm  man,  a  fellow 
•who  will  cut  up  ^well." — Ld.  Macaulay,  in  G.  O.  Trevelyan's  Life, 
vol.  i.,  p.  373. 

"  Parker  is  an  old  hunks." — Mortimer  Collins,  \Vho  is  the  Heir,  1865, 
vol.  i.,  p.  55. 

Hunks  is  a  character  in  Robert  Drury's  Farce  of  The  Rival  Milliners. 

HURLY-BURLY.— Riot ;  confusion. 

"  Good  Lord  in  heaven,  what  hurlie-burlie  is  yonder  in  the  market !" — 
Bernard's  Terence,  p.  72. 

"  When  the  hurlyburly's  done." — Macbeth,  Act  i.,  sc.  i.,  1.  3. 

HURR. — Roughness  in  the  mouth,  tartness,  hoarseness. 
That  beer  hes  gotten  a  hurr  wi'  it. 
I've  gotten  such  an  a  hurr  on  me  I  can  hardlin's  speak. 

HURR,  adj. — Tart ;  rough  in  the  mouth. 

HURST,  HIRST. — A  wood  ;  only  used  in  place  names,  as 
Hurst  Priory,  Short-/«Vs£,  a  piece  of  land  at  Gunthorpe. 

HURTEN,^.—Huit. 

I've  hurtcn  my  sen  wi'  clootin'  my  head  agean  a  bauk. 

HURTLE,  v. — To  crouch  on  the  ground  as  young  birds  do 
when  alarmed.  Cf.  Mid.  Eng.  HURKLE,  to  cover  down.  See 
also  HURKLE,  HURPLE,  in  Halliwell's  Diet. 

HUSKING.— A  beating. 

HUSKY,  adj.— Hard,  dry,  coarse. 

"  Producing  sour,  coarse,  husky,  sedge  or  sword  grass." — Th.  Stone 
View  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  1794,  p.  74. 

HUSSIF. — That  is,  house-wife  ;  a  roll  of  flannel  with  a  pin- 
cushion attached,  used  for  the  purpose  of  holding  pins, 
needles  and  threads. 

HUSSLEMENT.— Household  goods. 

"  Various  hussUmcnts."- — Inventory  of  Sir  John  Anderson,  of  Bronghton, 
1671,  in  History  of  Lea,  p.  24. 

"  Th'  landlord's  ton'd  ivery  bit  o'  hnsselcmcnt  thaay  hed  oot  into  th' 
bare  streat. 

HUT,  lit.— A  hood,     (i)  A  finger  stall  (q.v.) 

(2)  A  small  hovel,  such  as  a  dog-kennel  or  rabbit-house. 

HUTCH  UP.— Same  as  HITCH  UP  (q.v.) 

HUTCH.— (i)  A  cupboard  in  a  wall. 

(2)  The  finger  of  a  glove,  used  to  protect  a  cut  finger. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  285 

HUZZING. — Making  a  whirring  noise. 

"  Huzzln'  an1  maazin'  the  blessed  fealds  with  the  divil's  can  team." — 
Tennison,  The  Northern  Farmer. 

HYPE  (heip),  v. — (r)  To  poke  at  anything  as   oxen   do  with 
their  horns. 

(2)  To  go. 

Cum,  hype  off  wi'  ye. 

(3)  To  fetch  forth  anything  hidden. 

He  soon  hyped  it  oot  when  I  begun  to  question  him. 

(4)  To  lift  up,  or  to  reach  down;  the  word  is  employed  to 
.   indicate  great  muscular  exertion. 


286  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 


I 

ICE-CAN'LES,  s.  pi.— Lit.  ice  candles,  icicles. 
I  'CO  (i  koa). — In  company,  league,  partnership. 

IDLED,  adj.— Idle. 

Ira  was  the  idledist  chap  that  iver  cum'd  aboot  a  hoose. 

IDLED-BACK. — (i)  An  idle  person. 

(2)  A  stand  with  projecting  forks  placed  before  the  fire  for 
toasting  bread. 

(3)  A  nangnail,  (q.v.) 

IDLE  MAN. — A  man  employed  in  a  farm  yard  who  has  no 
regular  work,  but  does  odd  jobs.  The  title  idle  man  does 
not  imply  that  his  time  is  wasted. 

IF,  conj. — (i)  Used  redundantly  as  "//in  case;"  "//  sup- 
posing." 

//suppoasin'  she  hed  dun  it,  he'd  no  call  to  ewse  her  e'  that  how. 

(2)  Though. 

I'm  not  gooin'  to  be  mester'd  by  him  ?/he  is  a  parson. 

P  FAITH.— Marry  *'  faaith. 

Exclamations,  "  Naay,  marry  i'  faaith,  I'll  not  do  that." 

IFS  AND  ANDS. — A  man  is  at  his  ifs  and  ands  when  he 
prevaricates. 

"  If  ifs  and  ands  was  pots  and  pans 
There'd  be  noa  wark  for  th'  tinkers." 

I  FT.— Way,  manner. 

I  knawed  he'd  soon  be  at  th'  ohd  iff  agean  ;  ther's  no  moore  chanch 
o'  keapin'  him  fra  that  thing  then  ther  is  a  sheJip-worryin'  dog  fra 
mutton. 

IKE,  v. — To  run  off  with,  but  not  necessarily  with  a  felonious 
intention. 

He's  iked  off  wi'  my  shod  tool,  an'  noo  I  want  it  it's  noan  here. 
Them  bairns  hes  iked  off  wi'  all  th'  band,  ther'  isn't  a  bit  left. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  287 

ILDER.— The  udder  of  an  animal. 

ILL-DOER. — An  animal  which   does   not   thrive. — Cf.  Dow, 
E.D.S.  Gloss.,  B.  2. 

"  As  soon  as  a  grazier  is  convinced  that  he  has  a  beast  which  is  not 
kindly  disposed  to  take  on  fat,  or  is  an  ill-doer  ...  he  should 
dispose  of  the  unthrifty  animal." — Treatise  on  Live  Stock,  1810,  p.  128. 

ILL-FARED,  adj. — Unlucky,  unsuccessful. 
ILL-THRIVEN,  adj.— Haggard,  lean,  sickly. 

ILLIFY,  v. — To  villify,  abuse,  slander,  depreciate. 

"  Dick's  been  illifying  my  foal,  soa  as  I  can't  sell  him  fer  hairf  what 
he's  wo'th." — Messingham,  1873. 

I'LL  UPOHD  IT.— I  will  uphold  it,  i.e.,  I  am  quite  certain  of 
it  ;  am  prepared  to  swear  to  it. 

IMPROVE.— To  grow  larger. 

"  Sam  is  n't  long  for  this  wo'ld ;  th'  tumour's  improved  that  much 
this  weak  'at  he  wean't  hohd  oot  a  deal  longer." — June,  1887. 

IN,  prep.— On. 

Put  it  in  th'  floor,  Mary,  for  th'_cat  to  lap. 

IN'ARDS,  s.  pi. — Inwards,  i.e.,  intestines,  bowels. 

"  I'd  a  straange  paain  e'  my  in'ards,  so  I  went  an'  boht  sum  stuff  an1 
took  it,  an'  it  wer  oher  strong  by  hairf;  it  clear  salivaated  me. — 
ist  Aug.,  1875. 

IN-CALVING,  adj.— With  calf. 

"  For  sale,  one  in-calving  cow. — Apply  to  Mr.  J.  Herring,  Willingham, 
Gainsborough." — Gainsb.  News,  23rd  March,  1867. 

INCOME.— A  boil. 

INCH  PIECES.— Very  small  fragments. 

I'd  raather  be  cutten  e'  to  inch  peaces  then  do  what  thaay  want. 
I've  fun  it  at  last,  but  it's  to  noa  mander  of  ewse;  it's  all  brok  e1  to 
inch  peaces. 

INCREASE. — Interest  for  money. 

"Thomas  Oth  pool  vjK  ]>e  incresse  xvjs.  viijd.,  Robert  Wynbye 
Sewetye." — Kirton-in-Lyndsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1546. 

He  niver  taks  less  increase  then  five  pund  e'  th'  hundred. 

INDEPENDENT,  adj.— Uncourteous ;  not  willing  to  oblige. 

Sarvants  are  soa  independent  noo  a  daays,  ther'  is  no  gettin'on  wi' 
'em  at  all. 

A  baker  once  said  to  the  author,  "  I  alus  strive  niver  to  shaw  myself 
independent,  that's  how  I  keap  my  customers  together."  He  did  not  mean 
that  he  was  not  independent  in  the  good  sense,  but  only  that  he 
endeavoured  to  be  courteous  and  obliging. 


288  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

INDETTERMENT.— Injury,  damage,  detriment. 

INDIFFERENT,  adj.— Poorly;  bad. 

How's  your  wife  to-daay  ?     Oh,  she's  nobbut  indifferent  thank  you. 
Oor  Jaane's  gotten  an  uncommon  indifferent  plaace  ;  I  shall  tell  her 
o  gie  warnin'. 

IN-DOOR  SERVANT. — A  farm  servant  who  does  not  work 
out  of  doors. 

INFAMATION.— Inflammation. 

Th'  ohd  boss  deed  o'  infamaation,  though  we  fermented  him  all  neet. 

INGLE-NOOK. — The  corners  in  which  persons  can  sit  in  an 
open  chimney. 

INGLES. — The  corners  of  an  open  fire-place  where  pots  and 
kettles  can  be  placed. 

INGS,  s.  pi. — Low-lying  grass  land. 

"  1000  acres  of  ings  or  common  meadow." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric." 
1799.  P-  179- 

INJUR'US.— Injurious. 

INK-HORN.— An  inkstand  (obsolescent). 

INKLE. — A  kind  of  tape  used  for  shoe-ties. 

INLAMB,  adj.— With  lamb. 

"  170  lambed  and  inlamb  ewes." — Gainsb.  News,  March  23,  1867. 

INLET. — A  branch  drain  used  for  conveying  water  from   a 
warping  drain  to  the  land  to  be  warped. 

INMEATS,  s.  pi. — The  edible  viscera  of  pigs,  fowls,  &c. 

INNER-GIRL,  INNER  MAID.— A  kitchen  maid  in  a  farm- 
house. 

INNICENT,  adj.— (i)   Innocent. 

(2)  Small,  pretty ;  generally  applied  to  flowers,  though  some- 
times to   the  patterns  on  women's  dresses,  hangings,  and 
wall  papers. 

(3)  Idiotic. 

I'NOO,  adv. — E'en  now,   shortly,   very  soon  ;  but   implying    a 
little  delay. 

Waait  a  bit,  I'm  cumin'  -fnoo. 


MANLEY  AND  CORR1NGHAM  WORDS.  289 

IN  SENSE,  v. — To  make  a  person  understand  a  thing,  to  drive 
it  into  him,  to  impress  it  very  strongly. 

Deary  me.  how  num  thoo  is  ;  thoo  taks  as  much  insensin'  as  a  naail 
duz  dingin'  into  a  oak  plank  wi'  a  dish-cloot. 

"  Sir,  I  may  tell  you,  I  think  I  have 
Insens'd  the  lords  o'  the  council  that  he  is, 
For  so  I  know  he  is,  they  know  he  is, 
A  most  arch  heretic,  a  pestilence 
That  does  infect  the  land." 

Henry  VIII.,  Act  v.,  sc.  i.,  1.  43. 

"  To  stirre  and  insense  them  [the  people]  to  sedition." — Proclamation, 
1530,  in  Wilkins'  Concilia,  vol.  iii.,  p.  740. 

"  To  insense,  informo." — Elisha  Coles,  Eng,  Lat.  Diet.,  1764. 
INSIDE.— The  stomach,  the  bowels. 

I'm  straange  an1  bad  o*  my  inside,  squire  ;  I  wish  you'd  gie  me  a  drop 
o'  gin. — 1858. 

INSIGHT. — Intelligent  appreciation. 

Sum  goas  aboot  and  knaws  noht  when  thaay  cum  by  ageanr.  It 
maks  a  deal  o'  difference,  I  alus  saay,  whether  foaks  goas  for  sight  or 
insight. 

A  woman  who  went  to  attend  upon  a  neighbour  who  was  lying  in, 
till  a  doctor  or  midwife  could  be  got,  said,  "  If  I  can't  do  noa  good  I 
can  goa  for  insight." 

INSOULING. — The  outfall  of  a  ditch  or  drain  ;  sometimes  the 
drain  itself ;  sometimes  also  a  soak-dyke. 

"  Quilibet  escuerent  omnes  insoyllynges." — Scatter  Manor  Records,  1553- 
"  Eurie   man  within   Messingham   &   Butterwicke  shall   make   ther 
I  e:ke  and  insowlinge  before  All  Sowles  Day  nexte." — Ibid,  1581. 

In  1562  the  Manor  Court  of  Bottesford  ordered  that   no  one  should 
put  "  retas  suas  neque  lee  lepes  inter  communem  suer  vocatam  Insidyng 
tempore  die,"  under  penalty  of  ijs.  vjd. 
There  is  a  soak-dyke  in  Ashby  called  the  Insouling. 

INSULT,  v. — This  word  is  constantly  confounded  with  assault. 
An  insult  is  often  called  an  assault  and  an  assault  an  insult. 
See  GERRAWAAY  wi'  YER. 

INTAK. — (i)  Land  taken  in  from -a  common. 

In  1629  Richard  Huggit  surrendered  to  Thomas  Stothard  land  in 
Scotter  called  '  le  long  intaa/tes." — Manor  Records. 

(2)  Land  taken  from  a  tidal  river. 

There  was  a  field  in  Winteringham  called  the  intake,  which  had 
been  taken  from  the  Humber  in  iSSi  ;  it  has  been  almost  entirely 
washed  away  again. 

IN  THE  STRAW.— Lying  in. 

INTIMATED,  adj.— Intimate. 

He's  been  clear  different  sin'  him  an'  her  hes  been  intimaated  togither. 

INVITORY,  INVITTERY.— (i)  An  inventory. 
(2)  Tenant  right  on  going  out  of  a  farm. 


290  MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

IN  WITH.— To  be  in  favour  with. 

He's  in  with  squire  an'  th'  missis,  an'  that  maks  a  lot  o'  difference. 
Thay'll  not    do    a  deal   at  him,   he's  in   wi'  two  or  three  o'  the 
magistrates. 

ISLE. — The  Isle  of  Axholme. 

"  All  the  clergy  and  neighbourhood  in  the  Isle  go  for  me." — Sir 
Geo.  Whichcot,  1698,  in  De  la  Pryme's  Diary  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  185. 

"  At  Butterwick,  in  the  Isle,  wheat  after  potatoes  on  their  inferior 
soils  .  .  .  does  not  succeed  well." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric., 
1799,  p.  145. 

"  The  Isle  a  reputation  had, 
For  Tory  votes  secure, 
Which  griped  the  knight,  Sir  Montague, 
And  his  committee  sore." 

Election  Song,  1852. 

I  S'LL.— I  shall. 

/  s'll  leave  at  Maa'da',  howiver  much  waage  thaay  bid  me. 
Still  further  abbreviated  to  1's  in  some  of  the  Northern  dialects. — 
See  Ise  in  Halliwell's  Diet. 

ISLONIAN.— A  native  of  the  Isle  of  Axholme. 

"The  Islonians  destroyed  his  crops."  —  Stonehouse,  Hist.  Isle  of 
Axholme,  p.  no. 

"  At  one  time  he  organised  a  band  of  the  disaffected  Isleonians." — 
John  Tomlinson,  Level  of  Hatfi eld  Chace,  p.  7. 

IT. — He,  she,  him,  her  ;  commonly  used  of  infants  only  ;  but 
sometimes  for  grown  up  people  as  a  mark  of  contempt. 
What  a  hawbaw  it  is  to  call  itsen  a  parson. 
What  a  gib  it  is  to  hev  a  babby. 

ITCHING. — "  Maay  you  hev  perpetiwel  itchin1  wi'  oot  iver 
scrattin'."  A  humourous  form  of  curse  common  with 
women  when  they  quarrel. 

IVIN  (eiv.in).— Ivy. 
IVORY.— Ivy. 

IZLES  (eiz.ls),  s.  pi. — Floating  particles  of  soot  or  smuts. 
A.Sysela  a  fire-spark,  an  ember. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORPS.  291 


JAANE.— Jane,  female  Christian  name. 

JACK. — (i)  A  quarter  of  a  pint  measure. 

(2)  The  quantity  of  fluid  contained  in  a.  jack. 

"  I'll  tell  you  a  tale 
Of  a  jack  of  ale, 
A  hen,  a  cock  and  a  sparrow  ; 
My  little  dog  has  burnt  his  tail, 
And  won't  get  home  to-morrow." 

(3)^  An  instrument  used  for  supporting  the  axle-tree  of  a  cart 
in  order  to  remove  one  of  the  wheels. 

(4)  Jacket  (obsolete). 

"Te  ulciscar.  I  will  be  reuenged  on  thee.  I  will  sit  on  thy  skirts. 
I  will  bee  vpon  your  iacke  for  it." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  58. 

JACK  ASS.— (i)  A  male  ass. 
(2)  A  simpleton. 

JACKBOOT. — A  long  boot  coming  above  the  knee,  such  as  was 
worn  in  the  seventeenth  century.  It  is  now  used  to 
indicate  any  boot,  not  a  top-boot,  which  is  bigger  than  a 
Wellington. 

JACK-CHAIN. — A  chain  made  of  thin  links  of  iron. 

"An  iron  chain  of  twenty-eight  links,  somewhat  larger  than  a 
modern  jack-chain.'1 — Samuel  Lysons,  1807,  in  Archaologia,  vol.  xvi., 
p.  132. 

JACK-IN-PRISON.—  Nigella  damascene 
JACK-IN-THE-HEDGE.— Erysimum  alliayia. 
JACK-IN-THE-PULPIT.— Arum  maculatum. 
JACK  PLANE.— A  large  plane. 
JACK-RABBIT.— A  half-grown  rabbit, 


292  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

JACK-UP. — To  break  a  contract,  to  repudiate  a  bargain. 

You  see  lawyer  Hooletl  bed  a  warehoose  to  sell,  doon  at  Borringham, 
by  th'  Trent  side  ;  well,  this  offil  fella'  as  I  was  tellin'  you  on,  went  to 
th'  saale  an'  boht  it,  an'  thenjackt  it  up. 

JACK  WI'  A  LANTHORN—  Ignis  fatuus. 

JACKET,  v.— To  flog. 

I'll  jacket  you,  young  man,  next  time  I  light  on  you. 

JACKETTING.—  A  flogging. 

Please  sir,  Bill  Ratton's  been  jacketting  me. 

JACKS,  5.  pi. — The  woodwork  between  the  shafts  of  a  waggon 
where  they  are  attached  to  the  fore -shears. 

JACOB'S  STEE,  i.e.,  Jacob's  ladder. 

(1)  A  stitch  let  down  in  knitting  a  stocking. 

(2)  The  rays  of  the  sun  falling  through  a  cloud  and  seeming 
to  touch  the  earth. 

JAMB. — The  post  of  a  door.     See  JAUM. 
JANGLE,  v. — To  wrangle. 

JANNICK,   adj. — Satisfactory,    pleasant,  jolly,  in   good  trim. 
Well,  this  is  realjannick. 

JARMANS,  s.  pi. — Germans,  especially  used  of  those  who  play 
in  itinerent  bands. 

JAUM. — The  post  of  a  door.     See  JAMB. 

'•  The  chymney  peece  andjawmes  are  black  graved  marble." — Survey 
of  Wimbleton,  1649,  in  Archceologia ,  vol.  x.,  p.  403. 

JAUM,  v. — To  strike  another's  head  against  any  hard  object, 
such  as  a  door-post  or  wall. 

JAUNDERS.— Jaundice. 

JAUP. — (i)  The  sound  produced  by  liquid  shaken  in  a  half- 
empty  cask. 

(2)   Senseless  talk. 

Ho'd  thejaup  wi'  the;  dos't  ta  want  ivery  body  to  knaw  how  soft 
thoo  is  ? 

JAUP,  v.— To  beat. 

Noo  then,  Bill,  I  shall  jaup  thy  jacket  for  the  if  thoo  duz  n't  mind. — 
Epworth,  1886. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  298 

JAW. — Coarse,  rude,  jesting  conversation. 

N  .  .  .  bed  been  warkin'  doon  at  th'  boddom  o'  a  -well,  soa  I 
ax'd  him,  at  dinner-time,  for  jaw  like,  if  he'd  seed  oht  o'  ohd  Sam,  as 
he'd  been  gaain  hand  wheare  he  cums  fra. 

"  And  should  you  kick  them  for  their  jaw, 
They'll  take  the  blows — and  take  the  law." 

Abeillard  and  Heloisa,  1819,  p.  234. 

JAW-BREAKERS,  s.  pi. — Words  that  are  hard  to  pronounce. 
I  can't  do  wi'  them  theiire  gardeners ;  thaay  mak  ewse  en  sich  jau-- 
braakers  when  thaay  talk  aboot  the'r  flooers,  'at  I  can't  tell  a  wo'd 
thaay  saay,  nor  tung  it  efter  'em. 

JAW  OHER,  v.—(i)  To  talk  over,  to  persuade. 

(2)  To  talk   about  a  person  or  a  thing  in  a  loud  or  offensive 
manner. 

I  doan't  want  to  hev  my  lass's  naame  jaw'd  ohey  e'  ivery  public-hoose 
e'  all  th'  cuntry  side. 

JEALOUS,  adj. — Suspicious. 

"  I'm  very  jealous  that  th'  corn  weant  to'n  oot  well  t'  year." — 
2oth  August,  1875. 

JEE  JAW,  v. — To  rock  backwards  and  forwards. 

JERICHO,  AT.— A  long  way  off;  nowhere. 

I've  cutten  my  hand  to  th'  boan  upo'  this  offil  ohd  steamer  lid ;  I 
wish  th'  nasty  ohd  thing  was  at  Jericho.  (In  general  use.) 

JERRY-SHOP.— A  beer-house,  a  public-house  that  has  not  a 
licence  to  sell  spirits. 

JESSOPS. — An  ill-conditioned  woman. 
JET,  v. — To  throw  with  a  jerk.     See  JOT. 

JEWS-LIGHT.— (Obsolete.) 

"  The  Jewcs-light "  was  one  of  the  articles  destroyed  in  the  second 
year  of  Elizabeth,  in  Winterton  Church. — Lincolnsh.  Ch.  Goods,  p.  164. 

JEW-TRUMP.— The  Jews'  harp. 

Child  :  "  What  an  ugly  noise  that  thing  makes,  Sarah  ?  " 
Nurse :  "  O,  Master  Edward,  you  should  not  say  so;  don't  you  know 
it's  a  jew-trump  like  what  King  David  played  his  Psalms  with." 

JIFFLE.— A  fidget. 

He's  alus  up  o'  th' jiffle  an'  flit,  like  a  ill-sittin'  hen. 

JIFFLE,  v.— To  fidget. 

JIFFY. — An  instant,  a  very  short  time. 

I  mun  goa  noo,  bud  I'll  be  by  agean  i'  a  jiffy. 

JIMMERS,  s. //.—Hinges  of  a  door  or  box* 


294  MANLEY  AND  CORRlNGHAM  WORDS. 

JIN,  JINNY. — Contraction  of  Jane,  or  Joan. 

Jinny  is  the  ordinary  family  contraction,  used  as  a  matter  of  course. 
To  call  a  woman  Jin  is  an  insult. 

JIN  ASS.— The  female  ass. 

JINGLE-HARROWS,  s.  pi. —Harrows,  the  bulls  of  which  are 
curved  so  as  to  run  free  of  each  other. 

JOB,  v.—  (i)  To  dung,  a  child's  term. 

(2)  To  push  ;  to  thrust  commonly,  though  not  always,  with  a 
blunt  instrument. 

(3)  To  grub  up  weeds  with  a  spud. 

(4)  To  deal  in  cattle. 

He's  a  bit  o'  gress  land,  an'  he  jobs  a  bit  besides. 

JOBATION.— (i)  A  scolding. 
(2)  A  long  and  dull  discourse. 

JOBBER.— A  cattle  dealer. 

"  When  times  are  good  half  the  folks  in  Messingham  turn  jobbers" — 
E.  S.  P.,  1850. 

"  With  their  ready  money  they  could  get  the  cattle  cheaper  than  the 
jobbers  could  buy  them." — Thos.  Stone,  Rev,  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  ijgg, 
p.  290. 

Jobber  was  a  surname  in  Shropshire  in  1659. — Commons  Journal, 
vol.  vii.,  p.  869,  col.  ii. 

JOBBER-NOWL.— A  blockhead. 

JOBBING  ABOUT.— Doing  odd  jobs. 

I  hev  n't  been  idled,  bud  ther's  not  much  to  see  as  I've  dun,  for  I've 
been  jobbin'  aboot  all  th'  mornin'. 

JOBBLE. —  (i)  A  state  of  shaking  or  disquietude. 

"  We  found  a  harrassing  jobble  of  a  sea." — Sir  J.  C.  Ross,  Voyage  in 
Antarctic  Regions,  1847,  vol.  i.,  p.  41. 

(2)  A  state  of  fidget. 

She's  in  a  straange  jobble  because  ther's  noa  letter  cum'd  fra  her  son  e' 
th'  army. 

JOCKEY. — (i)  A  term  half  contemptuous,  half  affectionate  for 
a  boy  or  man. 

He's  a  gallous  jockey,  bud  ther's  noa  harm  e'  th'  lad. 
Bill's  a  straange  jockey  for  spendin'  munny. 

(2)  Sometimes  used  in  a  similar  manner  in  speaking  of  the 
lower  animals. 

"  Oh,  the  little  jockeys,  thaay  all  hev  the'r  tricks,"  said  of  a  colony  of 
ants  under  a  flag-stone. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  295 

JOGGLE,  v.— To  shake. 

If  ye  joggle  that  bew  a  bit  th'  plums  '11  tumble. 
Doan't  joggle  this  taable  soa,  George. 

JOG  ON,  v.— To  move  on. 
JOG-TROT.— A  slow  trot. 

JOHNNY-RAW,  JOHNNY-WAP.— An  awkward  person;  one 
not  acquainted  with  the  manners  of  the  class  to  which  he 
belongs. 

He's  a  real  Johnny-raw,  niver  knaws  wheareto  put  his  han's  an'  legs. 
"  Poor  Johnny  Raw  !  what  madness  could  compel, 
So  rum  a  flat  to  face  so  prime  a  swell." 

Blackwood's  Mag.  1819,  vol.  iv.,  p.  728, 

JOHT,  v.— To  jolt. 

JOHTY,  «$.— Shaking  jolty. 

Messingham's  gotten  the  johtiest  roads  I  iver  druv  oher. 

JOHTER-HEAD.— A  stupid  person. 
JOINED-HOUSES,  s.  #/.— Semi-detached  houses. 
JOIN  GIBLETS.— To  go  halves. 
JOINT-SLIP. — A  dislocation  of  the  joints. 

JORUM.— A  large  quantity. 

What  a  jorum  you've  gen  me  ;  I  can't  eat  it  hairf. 
"  The  rascally  jorum  of  soup  that  I've  boused." — Walsh's  Aristophanes. 
The  Clouds,  Act  i.,  sc.  iv. 

JOSEPH. — A  woman's  cloak  or  overcoat  (obsolescent). 

JOSKIN.— A  stupid  person. 

He's  a  real  joskin;  one  wo'd  think  he'd  niver  been  further  then  Haxey 
,      e'  his  life.— Epworth,  1886. 

JOSS  (jos).--A  treat. 

If  you'll  goa  to  George  Soresby's  or  Hydes's  I'll  stan'/oss  roond. 

JOT,  v.— To  jerk.     See  JET. 
I  can  jot  as  far  as  thoo  can, 
Doan't  jot  thy  herse  head  e'  that  how. 

JOWL.— (i)  A  jolt;  a  knock. 

(2)  A  pig's  face. 

(3)  The  fat  hanging  cheeks  of  a  human  being* 


206  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

JOWL,  r.— To  jolt  ;  to  knock  together. 

"  That  skull  had  a  tongue  in  it,  and  could  sing  once  ;  how  the  knave 
jowls  it  to  the  ground  as  if  it  were  Cain's  jaw-bone  that  did  the 
first  murder." — Hamlet,  Act  v.,  sc.  i.,  1.  84. 

JOWL  BAND.— See  CHOUL  BAND. 

JOYS. — A  mischievous  frolic.  A  chicken  scratching  on  a  bed  in 
a  garden,  is  said  to  be  "  plaayin'/ojs  among  them  flooers." 

JUBATION,  JAWBATION.— A  scolding. 

JUG. — A  stone  bottle,  not  a  "  pitcher  "  (q.v.)  It  is  in  this  part 
of  the  world  a  note  of  an  unrefined  person  who  wishes  to 
seem  "  genteel,"  when  he  or  she  follows  the  south-country 
habit  of  calling  a  pitcher  a  jug. 

JUGGLE-PIN. — The  pin  which  holds  the  body  of  a  cart  from 
tipping  up.  When  it  is  removed,  the  cart  is  "  slotted  up," 
and  its  contents  "  shot  out." 

JULIAN-BOWER.— A  maze;  a  labyrinth.  There  is  a  maze 
so  called  on  the  hill,  near  Trent  Falls,  in  the  parish  of 
Alkborough,  engravings  of  which  may  be  seen  in  Proceedings 
of  Yorks.  Architec.  Soc.,  1858,  p.  258.  Andrew's  Hist,  of 
Winterton,  p.  78.  Hatfield's  Terra  Incognita,  and  J.  G. 
Constable's  Hist,  of  Alkboro'  Parish  Church.  In  the  sixteenth 
century  there  was  a  Julian-bower  at  Louth. 

"To  Nych  Mason  for  makyng  at  Gelyan-bower  a  new  crose,  iijs-" — 
1544,  Louth  Ch.  Ace.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  68. 

"  In  the  parish  of  Appleby,  so  late  as  the  year  1719  there  was  a 
julian-bower,  near  the  old  street,  of  which  no  trace  is  now  remaining." — 
Andrew's  Hist,  of  Winterton,  1836,  p.  39. 

JUMBLEMENT.— Confusion. 

JUMP,  adv. — Opportunely  (obsolete). 

"  Comes  he  this  day  so  hnnpe,  in  the  very  time  of  this  marriage." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  88. 

"  Thus  twice  before,  and  jump  at  this  dead  hour." — Hamlet  Act  i  ,  sc.  i., 
1.  64.  Some  editions  here  read  "just." 

"  But  since,  so  jump  upon  this  bloody  question, 
You  from  the  Polack  wars,  and  you  from  England, 
Are  here  arrived." — Ibid,  Act  v.,  sc.  ii.,  1.  387. 

JUMP,  v.— To  match  ;  to  agree. 

Them  two  cart-mares  o'  yours  jump  uncommon  well  wi'  one  anuther. 
Your  business  an'  mine  jump  togither  exactly,  soa  we'd  as  well  join  at 
a  gig  an'  drive  oher. 

"  The  sad  aspect  this  prison  doth  afford, 

Jumps  with  the  measure  that  my  heart  doth  keep." 
Webster,  The  FamousHist.  of  Sir  Tho.  Wyatt. — Ed,  Dyce,  1837,  P«  2OI> 

JUMPERS,  5.  pi,— Maggots, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  297 

JUMPING-JACK.—  A  skip-jack  ;  a  child's  toy  made  out  of  the 
merry-thought  of  a  bird. 

JUMP  OVER  THE  BESOM.—  A  man  and  woman  who 
cohabit  without  marriage  are  said  to  have  jumped  over  the 
besom. 

Thaay  was  n't  married  ;  it  was  a  jump  oher  the  bcdsom  job,  for  she'd  a 
husban'  livin'  e'  'Merica,  bud  she  stuck  to  him  till  he  got  killed  up  o' 
th'  raailwaay. 

JUNK.  —  (i)  A  lump  ;  commonly  of  meat  or  cheese. 

(2)  The  remaining  portion  of  a  hay  or  clover  stack,  when  a 
considerable  portion  has  been  removed. 

(3)  Stacks  are  said  to  be  made  in  junks  when  they  have 
perpendicular  divisions  in  them,  so   that    a   part   can   be 
taken  away  without  disturbing  the  rest.     Barley  and  oats, 
especially  the  latter,  are  commonly  stacked  in  this  way. 

JUSTICE  DAYS.  —  The  days  on  which  magistrates  hold  petty 
sessions. 

JUSTICE  DO.—  A  cause  before  magistrates. 

JUSTICING.  —  Appearing  before  magistrates  either  as  prisoner, 
plaintiff,  defendant,  or  witness. 

JUST  NOW,  adv.  —  Almost  now,  after  a  very  short  time. 

I'm  cumin'  just  noo,  nobbut  wait  a  minnit  whilst  I  -tie  my  garter. 

He  was  this  waays  on  just  noo. 

It's  alusjust  Hoawi'  you,  you're  niver  ready  when  uther  foaks  is. 


JUTS,  s.  pi.  —  Struts,  supports  in  the  roof  of  a  building. 

JUTTING.  —  A  punishment  which  school-boys  inflict  on  each 
other.  Two  strong  lads  take  the  culprit,  the  one  by  the 
legs  the  other  by  the  arms,  and  beat  his  buttocks  against  a 
post  or  tree.  See  JOUT. 


298  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 


K 

KAAY.— A  key. 
KAD-BUTCHER.— Ket-butcher  (q.v.) 

KARF. — The  way  made  by  a  saw  through  a  piece  of  timber. 

Ray  gives  among  South  and  East-Country  words  Kerfe  with  the 
above  meaning. — E.  D.  S.,  B.  16. 

RAVING,  CAVING,  pres.  part. — Raking  long  straws  from  corn 
before  it  is  winnowed.  See  E.  D.  S.  Gloss.,  B.  16. 

KAVING-RAKE. — A  wooden  rake,  with  about  six  teeth,  set 
wide  apart,  used  for  raking  the  straws  from  the  corn  when 
it  was  threshed  with  a  flail.  See  above. 

KAVING-RIDDLE. — A  riddle  for  separating  straws  from  corn 
before  it  is  winnowed.  See  above. 

KAY  (kai).— A  key.     Frissic  kei. 
KEA.— A  key. 

KEAK  UP,  v. — To  tip  up  a  cart  by  taking  out  the  "juggle- 
pin  "  (q.v.) 

KEDGE.— (i)  The  belly  ;  the  stomach. 
(2)   Rubbish. 

Tak  that  hedge  awaay  an'  fling  it  up  o'  th'  muck  hill. 

KEDGE,  adj.— Stiff,  tight. 
KEDGE,  v.— To  fill ;  to  stuff. 
KEDGE-BELLIED.— Full  bellied. 

KEEL. — A  small  vessel  commonly  used  on  the  Humber  and 
the   Trent   for   carrying  coal  and  potatoes.      Cf.   Smith's 
Sailors'  Word  Book,  sub  voc.  AS.  Coel,  a  boat. 
"  Weel  may  the  keel  row." 

Newcastle  Song. 

KEELMAN.— The  master  of  a  "  keel  "  (q.v.) 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  299 

KEEN,  adj.—(i)  Miserly,  penurious. 

John  L  .  .  .  was  a  oot  o'  th'  waay  kedn  man,  an'  his  wife  was 
wo's  then  him  ;  she  was  that  kedn  she'd  skin  flints  an'  mak  broth  on 
'em  for  th'  sarvant  chaps  to  sup. 

(2)   Eager. 

He  was  kedn  enif  o'  th'  job  fo'st  off,  but  he's  hed  his  bellyfull  noo  I 
reckon. 

"  He's  straange  an'  kedn,'1  said  of  a  horse  that  pulls  violently,  or  of  a 
dog  too  eager  after  vermin. 

KEEP,  KEEPING. — Farm  produce,  such  as  grass  and  clover, 
employed  as  food  for  cattle. 

He's  plenty  of  heap  for  his  things  this  summer,  bud  what's  to  becum 
on  'em  e'  th'  winter  for  ther's  hardlin's  a  tonup  to  see. — 1887. 

"  The  remaining  turnips  and  keeping  will  be  sold  at  a  future  time,  of 
which  due  notice  will  be  given." — Stamford  Mercury,  Sept.  20,  1867. 

KEEP  ERA,  v.— To  avoid. 

She  could  n't  kedp  fra  laughin'. 

KEG-MEG.— Bad  food. 

I  wo'd  n't  eat  sich  keg-meg,  it  is  n't  fit  for  dog-meat.     See  KEDGE. 

KELCH,  KELK.— A  blow. 

KELL. — (i)  i.e.  caul;  the  inner  fat  of  an  animal,  especially  of 
a  pig. 

"  The  fat  pannicle  (or  kell)  wherein  the  bowels  are  lapt." — Guy 
Miege,  Diet.,  Fr.-Eng.,  1679,  sub  voc.  Coeffe. 

(2)  The  bag  in  which  an  animal  is  confined  before  birth. 

Oor  ohd  mare,  she  foal'd  e'  th'  neet,  an'  th'  foal  could  n't  braak  th' 
kell,  so  it  was  droonded. — 1883. 

"  Guianerius  .  .  .  speakes  of  a  silly  jealous  fellow,  that  seeing  his 
childe  new  born  included  in  a  kell,  thought  sure  a  Franciscan  that  used 
to  come  to  his  house,  was  the  father  of  it,  it  was  so  like  the  Friar's 
coule." — Rob.  Burton,  Anat.  Mel.,  1652,  p.  614. 

KELP. — "  To  hang  a  kelp"  is  to  drop  the  lip  previously  to 
weeping,  said  of  children. 

Just  look  at  Miss  .  .  .  she  first  hangs  a  keif  an'  then  she  beals. — 
Broughton. 

KELTER,  KELTERMENT.— (i)  Rubbish. 

What  iver  do  you  keap  sich-like  kelter  for  ? 

Fling  that  theare  kelterment  up  o'  th'  fire,  it's  not  wo'th  hoose-room. 

(2)   Silly  talk. 

When  oor  George  begins  to  talk  aboot  politics  he  teams  oot  sich  an 
a  mess  o'  kelterment  it  wo'd  sicken  a  toad  to  hear  him. 

KELTERLY,  «#.— Rubbishy. 


300  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

KENSPECKLE,    KENSPECKLED,   adj.— Good   to    know; 
conspicuous. 

He's  ken-speckle  enif,  you  mud  knaw  him  onywheare. 
Thaay're  a  kenspeckled  lot  is  them  Irish  hoss-dealers. 

KEP,  v. — To  throw  up  in  the  air;  sometimes  also,  though  more 
rarely,  to  catch  anything  so  thrown. 

"  He  kcpped  the  ba1  there  wi'  his  foot 

And  catched  it  wi'  his  knee, 

Till  in  at  the  cruel  Jew's  window 

Wi'  spied  he  garr'd  it  flee." 

The  Jew's  Daughter  of  Lincoln,  st.  ii. 

KEP-BALL.— (i)  The  game  of  catch-ball. 
(2)  The  ball  with  which  it  is  played. 

KEPPINGS. — Underskimmings  of  cream  (q.v.) 
KEP  UP,  v. — To  throw  up  in  the  air. 
KERCHY  (kerch-i).— A  curtsey. 

KERK  (kerk).— A  cork. 

"  Maad'  e'  Bristol 
Sell'd  e'  Yerk 
Puttsn  e'  a  bottle, 
An*  call'd  a  kcrk." 

KERNEL. — A  lump  under  the  skin  ;  an  enlarged  gland. 

When  I  was  a  bairn  I'd  a  lot  o'  kernils  e  my  neck  bud  thaay  went 
awaay  as  I  graw'd  up. 

KERPS.— A  corpse. 
KESLOP.— Cheese-rennet. 

KESSELS  and   POSSELLS,  s.  //.—Small  fossils,  joints   of 
pentacrinites. 

KESTER. — Contraction  of  Christopher. 

KET. — Unwholesome  meat ;  carrion. 

"  That  no  man  throwe  no  kytte  or  caryon  vnto  the  heighe  waye  to  the 
annoyaunce  of  his  neighbours,  but  shall  pitt  the  same  vpon  paine  of 
everye  defalt  xijf '— Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1586. 

KET-BUTCHER. — One  who  deals  in  unwholesome  meat  or  in 
carrion. 

KETCH. — A  small  vessel.      Cf.    Smyth,   Sailors'    Word  Book, 
sub  voc. 

"  The  description  of  vessel  navigating  the  Trent  above  Gainsburgh 
is  a  flat-bottomed  boat  called  a  Trent  boat  or  ketch." — Stark,  Hist,  of 
Gainsburgh,  p.  514. 

"  Sir  John  Hotham  .  .  .  dispatch'd  a  ketch  to  Captain  Haddock 
and  other  parliaments'  ships  abroad." — Rushworth,  Hist.  Co//,,  part  iii., 
vol.  ii,,  p,  264. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  801 

KETLOCK. — Charlock,  wild  mustard  ;  sinapis  avvensis.  In  the 
neighbourhood  of  Yealand  Conyers,  in  North  Lancashire, 
these  plants  are  called  ketlocks,  but  in  the  valley  of  Saint 
John,  near  Keswick,  they  bear  the  name  of  kayles. 

KETLOCKING.— Gathering  ketlocks. 

KETTON. — Kirton-in-Lindsey.  To  be  sent  to  Ketton  formerly 
meant  to  be  sent  to  the  prison  there. 

KETTY,  adj.— Peaty,  said  of  the  soil. 

"  On  the  hill  was  a  bit,  by  the  river  was  more, 
Rotten,  and  ketty,  and  bad." 

Local  Verses. 

KEWSE,  KOUSH,  KOUSHLE.— The  hemlock. 

KEX.— The  hemlock. 

"  Miserly  and  dry  as  a  kix." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  207. 
"  And  as  glowande  gledes  gladieth  nou^te  ])is  werkmen, 
)>at  worchen  &  waken  in  wyntres  ni^tes, 
As  doth  a  hex  or  a  candel  )>at  cau3te  hath  fyre  &  blaseth." 

Piers  the  Plowman,  B  Text, 

pas.  xvij.,  1.  219. 

"  You're  so  thin  a  body  may  see  through  you,  and  as  dry  as  a  kecks." — 
N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725.  p.  7. 

"  Half  hid  in  meadow-sweet  and  kecks  high  flowers." 

John  Clare,  Rustic  Fishing. 

KEY.— A  tuning-fork. 

KEY  BIT. — A  kind  of  bit  used  by  horsebreakers  with  objects 
like  keys  hanging  from  it  which  cause  the  saliva  to  flow 
and  hinder  the  mouth  from  becoming  sore. 

KEYS. — Seed-vessels  of  the  ash,  sycamore,  and  maple. 

KIBBLE,  v. — To  put  the  cord_of  a  halter  into  a  horse's  mouth 
by  way  of  bit. 

KICKING  ABOUT.— Existing  in  great  profusion. 

When  IJwent  oher  to  Rotterdam  bacca  was  that  cheap  it  was  hichiri 
aboot  e'  th'  toon  streat  an"  squealin'  oot  to  be  smookt. 

KID. — A  faggot,  a  fascine.  A  bundle  of  sticks  used  for  staithing 
or  repairing  the  slopes  of  a  river  bank. 

"  I  seed  him  mellin'  doon  kids  at  th'  staithe  end." — Stamford  Mercury, 
Aug.  7,  1874. 

"  Burned  nothing  but  one  stack  of  kids  at  the  back  of  Mr.  Wilbraham's 
house." — Magnolia  Dea ;  a  Relation  of  .  Remarkable  Passages  in 

Cheshire,  1644,  p.  6. 

"  The  use  of  thorns  and  also  of  long  thin  kids  may  be  named  as 
among  some  of  the  earliest  attempts  of  draining.'1 — Hen.  Hutchinson, 
Treatise  on  the  Practical  Drainage  of  Land,  1844,  p.  58. 

"  The  woodman  then  ceas'd  with  his  hatchet  to  hack, 
And  bent  his  way  home  with  his  kid  on  his  back." 

John  Clare,  An  Evening  Walk. 


302  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

KID,  v.— (i)  To  make  kids  (q.v.) 

(2)  To  use  faggots  for  staithing,  or  for  securing  sod  walls 
against  the  attacks  of  rabbits. 

"  2 %  miles  of  kidding  at  a  kid  a  yard." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric., 
1799-  P  383- 

KIDCOTE. — The  name  of  the  town  prison  at  Gainsburgh,  now 
destroyed. 

"  1772  .  .  .  that  they  procure  a  pair  of  moveable  stocks  to  be 
kept  in  the  kidcoat." — Gainsburgh  Town  Records,  in  Stark's  Hist.  Gainsb., 
p.  285. 

In  1594  there  was  a  prison  at  York  called  the  Ousebridge  hidcote. 
See  Athenaum,  Jan.  27,  1877,  p.  112. 

"  In  the  northe  syde  of  the  same  gatehouse  ys  there  a  prison  for 
offenders  within  the  towne  called  the  kydcott." — Survey  of  Bridlington 
Priory,  circa  xxxii.,  Henry  VIII.,  in  Archaologia,  vol.  xix.,  p.  271. 

KILL.— A  kiln. 

KILL  THE  LAND. — Any  kind  of  farming  which  much  reduces 
the  fertility  of  the  soil  is  said  to  kill  the  land. 

"  Potatoes  have  quite  killed  the  land." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric., 
1799,  p.  145. 

KILL-COW.  —  An  accident  of  a  serious  but  somewhat 
humourous  nature. 

She'd  laaid  a  lot  o'  cloas  up  o'  th'  gress-plat  to  bleach  an'  th'  ohd  soo 
rooted  th'  sty  door  oppen,  an'  her  an'  her  pigs  run  an'  shitted  all  oher 
'em,  so  says  I,  Well  this  is  a  kill-coo  for  the,  missis. 

KILP. — The  semi-circular  iron  handle  of  a  bucket  or  metal  pot. 

"  One  brasse  pott  with  kilpes." — Invent,  of  John  Nevil,  of  Folding- 
worth,  1590. 

"  Item  pro  scitulis  emptis  Ebor  xd.  Item  pro  uno  kylpe  de  ferro  ad 
eosdem,  id." — Ripon  Fabric  Roll,  1425-6. 

KILPS. — A  loose,  disorderly,  or  otherwise  good-for-nothing 
person  ;  more  often  used  in  relation  to  women  than  men. 

What  a  kilps  it  is,  fit  for  noht  at  all,  but  to  find  p'licemen  an' 
magistraates  a  job  on  Winterton  daays. 

KIMLING.— A  large  tub  made  of  upright  staves  hooped 
together  in  the  manner  of  a  cask.  Kimlings  are  used  for 
salting  meat,  in  brewing,  and  for  other  similar  purposes. 

"  Th' difference  atween  a  kimlin  an'  a  tub's  just  this:  a  kimlin's  maade 
by  a  cooper,  an'  a  tub's  maade  by  a  carpenter." — Richard  Elsom, 
May  18,  1875. 

"  On  led  &  kemnel  &  a  pair  of  mustard  werns,  vjd.  viiid. " — Inventory  of 
Richard  Alkie  of  Scalthorpe,  1551. 

"  Kimling  in  Lincolnshire,  or  a  kimnel,  as  they  term  it  in  Worcester- 
shire; vascoquendcs  cerevicia." — Adam  Littleton,  Lat.  Diet.,  1735,  sub  voc. 
"  He  goth,  and  geteth  him  a  kneding  trough, 
And  after  a  tubbe,  and  a  kemelin." 

Chaucer,  Milleres  Tale. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  803 

Cf.  Pro.  Soc.  Ant.  29  April,  1875.  Ripon  Act.  Book  (Surtees  Soc.},  p.  169. 
Midi.  Cos.  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  31. 

KIN'  (kin).— Kind. 

What  Mn'  of  a  plaace  is  it  ? 

KIND,  «#.— Grateful. 

I'm  very  kind  to  Mrs.  .  .  .  'cause  she  sent  me  them  coals  e'  th' 
winter. 

KINDLE,  v. — To  bring  forth  young  ;  applied  to  hares  and 
rabbits. 

11  The  males  or  bucks  should  be  parted  from  the  does,  or  females,  till 
the  latter  kindle." — Treatise  on  Live  Stock,  1810,  p.  170. 
"  Orlando  :  Are  you  native  of  this  place  ? 
Rosalind :  As  the  cony,  that  you  see  dwell  where  she  is  kindled." 

As  You  Like  It,  Act.  iii.,  sc.  ii.,  1.  358. 

KINDLING. — Sticks  or  chips  for  lighting  fires. 

KINDLY,  adj. — "  I  tak'  it  kindly  on  you,"  i.e.,  I  accept  it  as 
kindly  meant.  "  I  thank  you  kindly,"  i.e.,  I  thank  you  much. 

KIND  ON.— In  love  with. 
Jim's  kind  on  oor  Bessy. 

KING-COUGH.— The  whooping-cough.  See  KINK,  in  E.D.S. 
Gloss.  B.  15  ;  also  KINK,  below. 

KINGS  AND  QUEENS.— The  flowers  of  the  AmmMaculatum. 
KINK. — A  twist  or  hitch  in  a  rope,  cord,  or  chain. 

KINKED.— Twisted. 

Muther,  this  thread  is  that  kink'd  an'  twis'n  I  can't  wind  it. 

KIRK. — A  church.  Spelt  kirke  in  Havelok,  11.  1132,  1355. 
Perhaps  obsolete  here,  but  the  word  is  still  current  in  the 
north-east  of  Lincolnshire. 

11  To  be  disposed  of  to  >e  welfare  of  J>e  kirk  of  Winterton." — Agree- 
ment between  the  Prior  of  Malton  and  the  Parish  of  Winterton,  1456,  in 
Archceologia,  vol.  xl.,  p.  238. 

"  For  wascheyn  of  ]>e  kerke  clothe,  xd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace., 
1529- 

KIRK-GARTH.— A  church-yard  (obsolete). 

"  My  body  to  be  beried  in  the  kirkgayth  of  our  lady  of  ffrothingham." — 
Will  of  Roger  Childers  in  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Manor  Roll,  sub  anno. 

KIRK-GRAVE.— Churchwarden  (obsolete) . 

KIRK-MASTER.— Churchwarden  (obsolete) . 

"  J?e  sayd  Prior  &  Convent  of  Malton  and  their  successors  shall 
yearly  give  IQS.  to  ]>e  kirkmasters  of  )>e  kirk  of  Winterton." — Agreement 
between  the  Prior  of  Malton  and  the  Parish  of  Winterton,  1456,  inArchteologia, 
vol.  xl.,  p.  238. 


804  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

KISSING-BOUGH.— See  MISTLETOE. 

KISSING-CRUST.— Rough  crust  at  the  side  of  a  loaf  near  the 
top  ;  that  portion  of  a  loaf  which  has  run  over  the  baking - 
tin.  J.  F.  once  asked  a  little  Sunday-school  girl  why  it  was 
so  called.  She  replied,  dropping  a  curtsey,  "  Because  it's 
sweet,  sir." 

KISSING-GATE.— A  clap-gate  (q.v.) 

KISS  I'  TH'  RING,  KISSING  RING.— A  game  played  by 
children. 

KISS-ME.— The  wild  heart's-ease. 

KIST. — A  chest,  spelt  chiste  in  Havelok,  1.  222,  but  kist'm  1.  2018. 

KIT. — A  vessel  into  which  cows  are  milked,  formed  of  staves  of 
wood  hooped  together,  with  one  of  the  staves  longer  than 
the  others,  which  is  used  as  a  handle.  Kits  have  of  late 
years  been  almost  entirely  displaced  by  tin  vessels  ;  these 
are  called  pails. 

KIT. — Abbreviation  of  Christopher. 
KIT-BRUSH.— A  scrubbing  brush. 

KITCHEN  PHYSIC.— Household  remedies  as  distinguished 
from  those  supplied  by  medical  practitioners. 

KITE  FLYING  TIME.— The  time  when  the  spring  winds 
"  put  in." 

Why  m'm,  when  I  miss  a  pocket-handkercher,  this  kite  -fly ing-time, 
I  go  stright  to  my  lads'  kite  taail,  an'  if  thaay  hev'nt  lost  it,  theare  it  is 
sewer  enif ;  one  o'  my  best  was  theare  wi'  two  on  it  corners  off  wi' 
tyin'  it  on  an'  tearin'  it  off  agean. 

KIT-PAD. — A  circular  pad  used  by  women  who  carry  the  milk- 
kit  on  their  heads. 

KITTLE,  adj.— Shy,  nervous,  tickle  (q.v.) 

"  Kittle  cattle  to  shoe,"  is  a  phrase  used  of  persons  who  are  very 
bad  to  get  on  with. 

KITTLE,  v.— (i)  To  tickle. 

(2)  To  bring  forth  young  ;  said  of  cats.     See  KINDLE. 

KITTLIN  (kit-lin). — A  kitten.  It  is  common  to  say  to  a  young 
man  about  to  marry,  "  Thoo  mun  sea,  my  lad,  that  thoo 
gets  a  kittlin'1  of  on  a  good  cat,"  i.e.,  a  daughter  of  a  virtuous 
mother. 

"  Gude  safe's!"  said  the  good-natured  elder,  "if  it's  true  that  we 
breed  faster  than  the  Lord  provides  for  us,  we  maun  drown  the  poor 
folks'  weans  like  kittlings." — Blackwood's  Mag.,  1820,  vol.  vii.,  p.  468. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  805 

KIX.— See  KEX. 

KNACKER. — A  person  who  buys  worn-out  horses,  for  the 
purpose  of  slaughtering  them. 

KNACKERS,  s.pl. — (i)  Flat  pieces  of  wood  with  which  children 

beat  time. 
(2)  The  testicles. 

KNAG  (nag).— (i)  To  gnaw. 
(2)  To  tease. 

KNAGGLE,  v.— To  gnaw. 
KNAP.— A  slight  blow. 

KNAP,  v.— To  knock. 

I've  bed  noht  to  knap  at  wean  my  teeth  sin'  sunrise,  i.e.,  I  have  had 
nothing  to  eat  since  that  time. 

KNAP-KNEED  (nap-need),  adj. — Knock-kneed. 
KNAPPER-HEAD. — A  very  stupid  person. 
KNAPPERS,  s.pl.— The  knees. 

KNAPSTRAW  (nap-strau).— A  thresher  with  a  flail ;  a  term  of 
contempt. 

KNAP-TO  (nap-too),  v. — To  go  together  with  a  slight  noise 
such  as  is  made  in  shutting  a  gate  or  turning  a  lock. 

KNARL  (naal),  v.— To  gnaw. 

That  pup  hes  knarl'd  th'  boddum  o'  th'  dog-kennil  door  awaay. 

KNAUP.— (i)  The  head. 
(2)  A  blow  on  the  head. 

KNAW  (nau),  v. — To  know.     Knawe  in  Havelok,  1.  2,785. 

KNAWED  (naud),  pi.  t. — Knew.  Knawed  is  -a  past  \pavt.  in 
Havelok,  1.  2,057. 

KNEE-BAND. — A  cord  used  for  the  purpose  of  tieing  one  of 
the  forelegs  of  an  untractable  horse  or  cow  to  its  head,  so 
that  it  may  be  the  more  easily  caught. 

KNEE-CAPS,  sb.  pl.—(i)  Caps  of  padded  leather  strapped 
around  the  knees  of  young  horses  when  they  are  being 
broken  to  preserve  the  knees  from  injury.  Knee-caps  are 
sometimes  used  for  horses  crossing  the  river  Trent,  to  hinder 
them  from  damaging  their  knees  in  getting  into  or  out  of 
the  boat. 

(2)  The  human  patella  or  knee-pans, 
w 


306  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

KNICK-KNACKS  (nik--naks),  s.  pl.  —  (i)  Small  articles  of 
curious  construction,  such  as  toys,  carvings,  miniatures. 

(2)  Pieces  of  wood  which  boys  put  between  their  fingers  and 
therewith  make  a  noise  by  beating  them  together. 

KNIFE,  v.— To  stab. 

I  thoht  he'd  ha'  knifed  me  afoore  I  could  get  awaay  fra  him. 

KNIFE,  TO  GRIND.— People  are  said  to  have  a  knife  to  grind 
who  visit  their  neighbours,  not  out  of  friendliness,  but  with 
the  intention  of  gaining  some  end. 

There's  ohd  Mrs.  S  .  .  .  cumin' ;  she's  gotten  a  knife  to  grind,  I 
bet. 

KNITTEN.— (i)  Knitted. 

Oor  Sarah's  knitten  yards  an"  yards  on  it. 
(2)  Knitted,  i.e.,  joined  as  a  broken  bone. 

Th'  Brigg  Doctor's  bringin'  him  roond  nistly,  his  airm's  knitten  agean 
real  well. 

KNOCK-ABOUT,  v.— To  see  the  world;  to  go  much  from 
place  to  place,  and  into  different  kinds  of  society. 

KNOCK  OFF,  v.—(i)  To  take  something  off  a  bill. 

I'll  pay  you  ready  munny  doon  if  you'll  nobbut  knock  off  th'  shillins. 

(2)  To  cease  from  work. 

Carpenters  knocks  o/wark  at  foher  o'  Setterda's. 

(3)  To  discontinue  some  ordinary  practise. 

Oor  parson  alus  knocks  0/his  bacca  e'  Lent. 

KNOCK  O'  TH'  HEAD,  KNOCK  E'  TH'  HEAD,  phr.— To 
kill,  not  necessarily  by  a  blow. 

We'd  two  kitlins  'at  we  wanted  for  to  knock  o'  th'  head,  an'  we  put  'em 
i'  a  bucket  o'  watter ;  but  th'  ohd  cat,  she  com  an*  fetcht  'em  boath 
oot  agean. 

KNOHL.— (i)  A  knock. 

I'll  fetch  ye  sich  an  a  knohl  upo'  th'  side  o'  th1  head  as  '11  mak  ye  see 
stars  as  big  as  fryin'-pan  boddoms. 

(2)  The  tolling  of  a  bell. 
KNOHL,  v.— (i)  To  knock. 

KNOP,  KNOB  (nop). — A  flower  bud  or  compact  head,  as 
"  clover  knops"  "  lavender  knops"  especially  used  of  the  seed 
vessels  of  flax. 

"My  muther  maade  cloaver knob  vinegar  iv'ry  year  as cum'd roond." — 
H.  T.,  Bottesford,  1886. 

"And  the  cedar  of  the  house  within  was  carved  with  knops  and  open 
flowers." — i  Kings,  ch.  vi.,  v.  18. 


MAN  LEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  307 

KNOP,  v. — To  become  dry;  said  of  ploughed  or  dug  land; 
also  of  clothes. 

It's  oher  weet  to  drill ;  we  mun  waait  till  it  knops  a  bit. 

KNOTS,  s.pl.-(i)  The  joints  in  straw,  grass,  &c. 

(2)  The  rings  on  the  horns  of  cattle. 

"  These  swellings  become  so  many  annual  knots,  by  which  the  age 
may  easily  be  reckoned.'' — L.  Towne,  Farmer  and  Grazier's  Guide, 
1816,  16. 

KNOTTING. — A  material  which  carpenters  put  on  the  knots 
in  planed  timber  before  it  is  painted,  to  hinder  the  knots 
from  discolouring  the  paint. 

KNOW  HIS  OWN.— To  say  that  a  person  does  not  know  his 
own,  is  a  courteous  way  of  stating  that  he  is  a  thief. 

KNOWLEDGEABLE,  adj.— Acute,  able  to  be  instructed. 

KNOWN-LAND. — Where  lands  are  unenclosed ;  if  a  person 
knows  his  own  land,  and  it  is  marked  off  from  that  of  others 
by  merestones  or  natural  boundaries,  it  is  called  known-land 
to  distinguish  it  from  land  not  held  in  severalty. 

KNOWSTER.— A  knock. 

KNUR  (nur).— (i)  A  hard  wooden  ball  with  which  children 
play. 

(2)  The  head. 
KOUSH.— See  KEWSE. 

KULAMITE  (kul'umeit). — A  New  Connexion  Methodist,  so 
called  from  Alexander  Kilham,  of  Epworth,  the  founder  of 
that  body. 

KYAN. — Cayenne  pepper.  See  Notes  and  Queries •,  V.  series,  vol. 
iv.,  p.  67. 

KYE  (kei),  s.  pi.— Cows,  A.S.  Cy. 

Thomasina  was  hired  to  goa  to  ...  bud  noo  she  weant  goa,  for 
she's  heard  ther's  seven  kye  to  milk. 


J.    COVENTRY    AND    CO.,    PRINTERS,    MANCHESTER. 


WORDS  USED  IN 
MANLEY     AND     CORRINGHAM 

(LINCOLNSHIRE). 


VOL.    II. 


A   GLOSSARY   OF   WORDS 


USED    IN    THE    WAPENTAKES   OF 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM, 


LINCOLNSHIRE. 


SECOND  EDITION. 

REVISED   AND   CONSIDERABLY  ENLARGED. 


EDWARD  PEACOCK,  F.S.A. 


Parle  patois,  s'  il  le  faut.     II  n'  y  a  pas  de  sottes  langues ;  et  le  Saint- 
Esprit  les  parle  toutes. — JOSEPH  Eoux,  Nouvelles  Pensees. 


VOL    II. 


LONDON : 

PUBLISHED    FOE    THE    ENGLISH    DIALECT     SOCIETY 
BY    TKUBNEB  &   CO.,   LUDGATE    HILL. 

1889. 


CONTENTS. 


GLOSSARY  (L  to  Y)     309-623 

APPENDIX  : — 

ADDITIONS        625 

ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PRONUNCIATION 631 

SHEEP-SHEARING  NUMERALS       636 


A  GLOSSARY  OF  WORDS 


USED    IN    THE 


WAPENTAKES  OF 

MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM, 

VOL.  II. 


LABBER,  v.— To  daub,  to  besmear. 

He  was  labber'd  all  oher  wi'  muck. 

She  labber'd  butter  on  boath  sides  on  her  bread. 

LACE,  v.— (i)  To  beat ;  to  flog. 

Noo,  cum  thy  waays  fra  them  berry-treas  or  I'll  laace  the. 

(2)  To  walk  or  ride  with  great  speed. 

She  did  cum  laacin'  past. 

(3)  To  put  a  small  quantity  of  spirits  into  any  kind  of  drink, 
LACK  A  DAAYS  E'  ME.— An  exclamation  of  surprise. 
LAD,  LADE,  LADDLE,  v.— To  bail  water. 

LADDLE  (lad-1)— A  ladle. 

LAD-LOVE-LASS,  LAD'S  LOVE.— Southernwood. 

"  Sweet  briar  and  lad's-love  swelling  into  leaves." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  32. 
B 


310  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

LAD  OF  WAX. — A  sharp,  clever  fellow.  The  nurse  in  Romeo 
and  Juliet  says : 

"  Why  he's  a  man  of  wax." 

Act  i.,  sc.  iii.,  1.  76. 

LADY. — (i)  A  woman  who  has  sufficient  property  to  enable 
her  to  live  without  working.  To  be  distinguished  from  a 
real  lady.  See  GENTLEMAN. 

(2)  Prefixed  as  a  title,  especially  to  widow  ladies  (obsolescent). 

LADY  DAY,  THE  FIRST.— The  feast  of  the  Annunciation 
of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,  March  25.  This  festival  used 
to  be  called  the  First  Lady  Day  to  distinguish  it  from  other 
festivals  of  the  B.  V.  M. 

"  Euery  one  shall  take  vppe  ther  tuppes  or  rammes  before  the  First 
Ladie  Daye,  in  payne  of  euery  one  founde  in  the  same  default  iijs.  iiiid.  "- 
Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1578. 

LADY'S  CUSHION.— -drafts  albida. 

LADY'S  FINGERS.— The  kidney  vetch. 

LADY'S  SMOCK. — The  cuckoo-flower,  cardamine  pratensis. 

LADY'S  THIMBLE.— A  game  played  by  children.  All  but 
one  sit  in  a  circle,  and  the  one  who  does  not,  takes  a  thimble 
and  goes  round  to  each  person,  and  pretends  to  give  it  to 
each  one,  saying  as  he  does  so,  "  I  give  you  my  lady's 
thimble;  you  must  hold  it  fast,  and  very  fast,  and  very  fast 
indeed."  The  thimble  is  really  given  to  one  of  the  children, 
and  the  giver  chooses  one  of  the  others  to  guess  who  has  it. 
Every  one  in  the  circle  tries  to  seem  as  if  he  or  she  had  it. 
For  every  wrong  guess  a  fine  is  paid.  The  person  who 
guesses  right  takes  the  thimble  round  the  next  time. 

LAG,  v. — To  tire. 

LAGGED  OUT,  adj.— Very  tired. 

I've  gi'n  them  two  herses  a  rest  to-daay,  thaay  was  lagg'd  oot  cumin' 
all  th1  waay  fra  Stow  Green. — Bottesford,  June  14,  1888. 

LAGS,  5.  pi. — The  staves  of  a  tub,  "  kit,"  or  barrel. 

LAID,  pp. — Corn  or  grass  is  said  to  be  laid  when  it  is  beaten 
down  by  wind,  rain,  or  hail.  Lodged  is  the  equivalent  in 
newspaper  English. 

"  If  laid  it  will  not  do  for  seed."— Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799, 
p.  162. 

"Corn  laid  by  the  driving  showers!" — Sir  F.  Palgrave,  Normandy 
and  England,  vol.  iv.,  p.  48. 

"  Several  fields  between  this  place  and  London  are  much  laid  by  the 
late  rains." — 1819.  John  Hodgson,  in  Raine's  Memoir  of  J .  //.,  vol.  i., 
P-  257- 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  811 

LAID-IN. — Grass-land  is  said  to  be  laid-in  when  the  stock  is 
removed  from  it,  that  the  grass  may  grow  for  meadow. 

"  I  do  not  remember  ever  seeing  them  in  our  best  feeding-marshes, 
which  being  laid-in  during  the  winter,  as  a  rule  are  full  of  grass." — 
Cordeaux,  Birds  of  the  H timber,  p.  91. 

LAID  OUT,  pp. — (i)  A  dead  body  is  said  to  be  laid  out  when 
clad  in  burial  garments  ready  to  be  put  into  the  coffin. 

(2)  Decked,  adorned,  over-dressed. 

She  was  that  laaid  oot  iv'ry  body  was  cryin'  shaame  on  her. 

LAI  LOCK.— The  lilac. 

LALDER,  v.— (i)  To  lounge. 
(2)  To  put  out  the  tongue. 

LALL,  v.—(i)  To  cry  out. 
(2)  To  put  out  the  tongue. 

That  herse  lalls  his  tung  oher  th'  bit. 

LALLUP,  v. — (i)  To  walk  among  soft  mud. 
(2)  To  beat. 

LALLUPS. — An  untidy  woman. 

She's  a  sore  lallups,  noht  she  hes  is  iver  fit  to  be  sean. 
LALTHRUM.— Noisy,  worthless  talk. 

LAMB. — A  vagrant  committed  to  the  prison  at  Kirton-in- 
Lindsey  for  three  days  only,  so  that  he  would  have  but 
one  entire  day  in  confinement. 

Here's  anuther  o'  parson  Pooley's  lambs  a  cumin'. 

LAMBASTE  (lambaist-),  v.— To  beat. 

LAMB-BLASTS,  s.  pi. — Passing  showers  of  rain  or  hail 
accompanied  by  high  wind,  which  occur  at  the  time  sheep 
lamb. 

LAMB  LADY.— The  cow-lady  (q.v.) 

LAMBSKIN. —  (i)  A  cloudy  sediment  sometimes  found  in  beer 
and  vinegar. 

(2)  A  kind  of  ulva  or  conferva  that  grows  in  ditches. 

LAMMING.— A  beating. 

"  Horse-breakers  lamming   into  young  horses." — The    World,    i2th 
January,  1881. 


812  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LAMPUS. — A  clumsy  scrambling  fall.  See  Holderness  Gloss. 
(E,  D.  S.)  sub  voc.  cat-lampus. 

He  fell  doon  lampus  up  o'  th'  cobbles  agean  Jackson  shop  wi'oot 
bein'  aable  to  saave  his  sen  a  bit. 

LANCH  OUT,  v. — To  be  guilty  of  sudden  extravagance. 

He'd  fifty  pund  left  him,  soa  he  lanch'd  oot  till  it  was  all  dun,  an'  then 
took  to  laab'rin'  wark  agean. 

"  What  then,  did  he  never  lanch  out  but  in  autumn." — N.  Bailey, 
Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  531. 

LAND  END,  TO  BE  AT  THE, //jr.— To  be  quite  worn  out 
or  exhausted. 

I  could  sea  as  thaay  druv  past  that  th'  herse  e'  th'  cart  was  clear 
at  th'  land  end. — Roxby,  June  i,  1887. 

This  here  cart  's  gotten  to  th'  land  end  at  last,  we  may  knock  it  e% 
peaces  for  kin'lin1  ony  time. 

LAND  ENDS.— (i)  Small  portions  of  cultivated  land  between 
the  Trent-bank  and  the  road  at  the  end  of  the  lands  in 
open  fields,  more  commonly  called  groves  (q.v.)  The  word 
seems  to  have  been  used  in  this  sense  in  the  North-Riding 
of  Yorkshire. 

"  Tho.  Skelton,  of  Snaynton  .  .  .  ,  tooke  vjd.  a  daie  for  himselfe 
and  his  boye,  with  meat  and  drinke,  and  a  land  end  of  grass  besides,  of 
Geo.  Osborne  of  the  same." — Quarter  Sessions  Records,  1610  (N.  R.  Record 
Soc.,  vol.  i.,  p.  202). 

I  have  not  the  necessary  local  knowledge  to  be  sure  of  the  meaning 
of  this.     It  seems  probable  that  the  land  end  here  spoken  of  was  a 
portion  of  a  land  in  an  open  field  severed  from  the  rest  by  a  road. 
"  An'  the  eller  tree  blossoms  like  snaw  was  besprent 
On  the  land  ends  'at  ligs  by  the  side  o'  the  Trent." 

Ralf  Skirlaugh,  vol.  iii.,  p.  240. 

(2)  The  ends  of  the  lands  in  ploughing,  where  the  plough 
turns,  afterwards  ploughed  cross-wise  and  called  headlands 
(q.v.) 

"For  reping  doune  ye  corne  yt  growyde  at  mens  landds  endds  je 
wiche  was  sooyd  to  farre  upon  the  comon  viijd." — Churchwarden's  Ace., 
Stanford-in-the-Vale,  Berks,  1555,  in  Antiquary,  vol.  xvii.,  p.  119. 

LAND  IRON. — Probably  the  iron  balk  from  which  cooking 
vessels  were  suspended  over  the  fire  in  an  open  chimney 
(obsolete). 

"  One  iyron  potte  and  one  land  iyron  with  spitts  &  racks  &  crookes."  — 
Inventory  of  Christopher  Wetherill  of  Keadby,  i5th  May,  1685. 

LAND  OF  NOD.— Sleep. 

LAND-REAK,  LAND-ROAK.— Fog  arising  from  the  soil,  not 
coming  from  the  sea  or  H  umber. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  313 

LANDS,   s.  pi. — (i)    Long   and   narrow   strips    between    the 
furrows  in  open  fields. 

"  Another  [groom]  who  had  a  box,  wherein  was  money,  apparrell 
and  other  things  of  value,  left  it  in  a  land  of  standing  corne." — Rel.  of 
Apprehension  of  Cavaliers  at  Brackley,  1642,  p.  7. 

(2)  The  portions  of  land  included  between  the  water-furrows 
in  enclosures. 

LAND  SIDE. — The  left  side  of  a  plough,  so  called  because  it 
goes  next  to  the  unturned  soil. 

LAND  SUCKER.— A  tenant  who  takes  a  farm  with  the 
intention  of  running  the  land.  See  RUN  THE  LAND. 

LAND  UP.— To  silt  up. 

It  gets  fairly  landed  up  wi'  th'  sand  that  weshes  off  'n  Manton 
common. — Messingham,  1877. 

"  Your  water  courses  ...  be  landed  up  and  want  ditching." — 
Instrnc.  for  Jurymen  on  the  Com,  of  Sewers,  1664,  p.  35. 

"  A  serpentine  fish-pond,  about  200  yards  long,  but  partly  landed  up." — 
W.  Marratt,  Hist.  Line.,  1815,  vol.  Hi.,  p.  243. 

LANE. — A  highway,  as  well  as  a  private  road. 

"The  people  who  have  no  fodder  will  turn  out  their  cattle  into  the 
lanes." — Survey  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

When  the  herbage  on  the  sides  of  the  highways  is  let  by  the  surveyors 
to  depasture  it  is  called  "  letting  the  lanes." 

LANEING.— A  lane. 

LANE-ENDS,  FOUR.— Cross  roads. 

When  I  was  a  bairn  thaay  ewsed  to  bury  them  as  kill'd  the'r  sens  at 
foher-laane-ends,  bud  that's  dun  awaay  wi'  noo. 

LANES,  LAINS.' — An  iron  ring  at  the  end  of  a  plough  to 
which  the  horses  are  yoked. 

LANGUAGES,  s.  pl.—A.  person  is  said  to  use  "  all  sorts  of 
languages"  and  "strange  languages"  when  he  is  guilty  of 
employing  foul-mouthed  abuse. 

LANSH,  LANSHET.— A  lancet. 
LANSH,  v.— To  cut  with  a  lancet. 
LANT. — A  game  at  cards  called  "loo." 
LANTREN,  LANTRON.—A  lantern* 


314  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LAP,  v. — To  wrap,  to  fold  up. 

Lap  them  tacks  e'  a  newspaaper  an'  put  'em  e'  th'  chist. 
"  Men    sayde   forhungered   he   was   &  lapped   in    lead." — Hardy ng's 
Chron.,  ed.  1812,  p.  357. 

"The  good  old  prelate  lies  lapp'd  in  lead."— Scott,  Harold  the 
Dauntless,  c.  i.,  st.  20. 

"  We  laid  two  blades  across  and  lapt  them  round, 
Thinking  of  those  we  loved  ;  and  if  we  found 
Them  linked  together  when  unlapt  again, 
Our  loves  were  true." 

John  Clare,  The  Rivals. 

LAP  UP,  v.—(i)  To  wrap  up. 

(2)  To  bury. 

When  I'm  dead  you  mun  lap  me  up  beside  th'  foot  trod  e'  th' 
chech-yard  among  my  forelders. — Belton,  1844. 

(3)  To  conceal. 

He's  lapp'd  it  up  very  snug  for  a  long  while,  bud  all  them  as  reads 
newspaapers  hes  getten  to  knaw  on  his  goins  on  at  last. — Messingham, 
April,  1887. 

He  was  as  near  as  near,  an'  as  awk'ard  as  a  grund  toad,  bud  his 
wife  was  a  real  nist  woman,  an'  soa  you  see  she  lapp'd  him  up  a  bit, 
that  is,  her  virtues  in  part  concealed  his  faults. 

(4)  A  business  is  said  to  be  lapped  up  when  it  is  quite  finished. 

I've  gotten  th'  will  prov  d  an'  th'  legacies  paaid,  an'  all  th'  ohd  man's 
affairs  lapt  up  an'  dun  wi'. 

LAPE. — A  walk  along  a  wet  and  muddy  road. 

Thoo'll  hev  a  straange  laape  if  ta  goas  by  th'  warpin'  drean  bank 
awaay. 

LAPE,  v. — (i)  To  walk  or  wade  through  mud  or  dirt. 
Them  gells  is  alus  laapein'  aboot  e'  that  mucky  streat. 

(2)  To  bemire. 

Thoos  laaped  thee  sen  all  oher,  wheare  hes  ta  been  ? 

LAPED  UP,  pp.— Mud-bespattered. 

She  was  o'must  laap'd  up  to  th'  eyes  when  she  got  hoame. 

L ARGUS  (laarjus),  i.e.,  Largesse. 

The  cry  of  the  plough-jags  when  they  go  from  house  to  house  to 
perform  and  beg. — Cf.  Peck,  Ace.  of  Isle  of  Axholme,  p.  278. 

LARN.— (i)  To  learn. 

(2)  To  teach. 

An  ungodly  youth,  overhearing  his  brother  praying  in  the  chapel  for 
his  conversion,  waylaid  him  on  his  return,  kicked  him  severely,  and 
said,  "I'll  larn  you  to  praay  fer  me,  my  lad." 

LARRUP,  v.— To  beat. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  Sl5 

'LARUM. — A  long  wearisome  tale. 

He  ewsed  to  tell  sich  long  'larums  aboot  them  times  afoore  th' 
warpin'  was  on  th'  goa,  I  was  stall'd  wi'  hearin'  him. 

LASH.— Soft,  watery. 

Isle  of  Axlwlme,  rare. 

LASH  OUT,  v.—(i)  To  kick,  said  of  a  horse. 

When  he  fun  th'  swingle-tree  cumin'  on  his  hocks,  he  lash'd  oot  an' 
brok  th'  splash-board. 

(2)  To  spend  money  recklessly. 

LASK  (laask). — Diarrhoea;  commonly  used  regarding  cattle, 
but  sometimes  applied  to  human  beings  also.     See  LAX. 

LAST. — A  measure  used  for  rape-seed,  turnip-seed,  and  oats  ; 
ten  quarters. 

When  ohd  George  Sorsby  fo'st  plew'd  up  yon  marsh  Squire 
Peacock  hes  noo,  he  sew  it  wi'  raapes  an'  hed  moore  then  a  last  an 
aacre  o'  sead. 

LAST  END.— (i)  The  end  of  anything. 

I  caame  at  th'  start,  an'  I've  seed  th'  last  end  on  it,  said  of  a  sale.— 
3rd  April,  1888. 

We  was  here  afoore  thease  H  .  .  .  's  was  iver  heard  on,  an'  noo 
I've  seed  th'  last  end  on  'em,"  said  at  a  funeral. 

(2)  Death. 

She's  been  aailin'  a  long  time,  poor  thing,  bud  her  last  end's  cum'd  at 
last. 

LAST  LEGS. — A  person  is  on  his  last  legs  when  near  death  or 
bankruptcy. 

LAST  AGE. — The  same  as  EDDISH  (q.v.) 

LAT.— A  lath. 

"  Pd   to  William  Bains  for  lats  las. "— Lea,  Overseers  Ace.,  1754. 

LATESOME  (lait-sum),  adj.— Late. 

I  mun  be  gooin'  or  it'll  be  laatesum  afoore  I  get  hoam. 

LATHE.— (i)  A  barn. 

"Lathe  floor  levelling." — Bottesford  Moors  Ace.,  1811. 

"  Yt  ys  ordened  that  none  dwellynge  within  the  paryshe  of  Scotter 
shall  gyue  any  sheues  of  corne  in  harvest  for  bynding  of  corne  but  only 
at  the  lay  the  dore,  and  not  in  the  field  vpon  payne  of  euerye  sheif  xijd- " — 
Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1556. 

"  The  said  stone  stondyth  under  a  post-fote  in  a  lathe  at  Dygby." — 
Document  dated  1503  in  Sketches  of  New  and  Old  Sleaford,  1825,  p.  341. 

(2)  A  stage  or  platform  in  a  barn  on  which  unthreshed  corn 
is  placed. 

(3)  A  calm  ;  an  absence  of  wind  after  a  storm* 


316  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LATHER,  v.—(i)  To  froth. 

Look  how  that  watter  lathers  wi  tum'lin  oher  th'  dem. 

(2)  To  perspire  so  as  to  produce  a  lather  like  sweat. 
This  melsh  weather  maks  th'  herses  lather. 

'LATION.— Relation. 

Noan  on  his  'laations  wo'd  awn  him  when  he  was  alive,  bud  thaay  gev 
him  a  gran'  funeral. 

LAUGH  AND  LIE  DOWN.— A  game  at  cards. 

LAW,  v. — To  go  to  law. 

If  ta  duzn't  paay  me,  an  soon  an  all,  I  shall  goa  to  Mr.  Hoolett  an' 
he'll  law  the  for  it. 

LAWS  E'  ME,  i.e.,  "  Lord  have  mercy  upon  me,"  an  exclamation 
of  surprise,  anger,  or  delight. 

LAX. — Diarrhoaa.     See  LASK. 

LAY.— An  assessment,  a  local  tax,  as  distinguished  from  the 
Queen's  taxes. 

"  For  assessing  and  settynge  of  leyes  and  taxes."— Gainsburgh  Jury 
Book,  1635,  in  Stark's  Hist.  Gainsb.,  p.  96. 

"  Spent  when  the  lays  was  granted  is.  6d." — Lea,  Overseer's  Ace.,  1754. 

LAY,  f>.— (i)  To  lie. 

I  alus  laay  e'  bed  an'  smooke  a  pipe  o'  bacca  on  a  Sunda'  mornin' 
efter  th'  wife's  getten  up. 

(2)  Strictly  to  bet,  but  commonly  used  as  a  strong  form  of 
affirmation. 

You'll  wesh  that  mucky  faace,  I  laay,  afoore  thoo's  oht  to  eat. 

(3)  To  lay  a  hedge  is  to  cut  the  tall  thorns  half  through  near 
the  roots  and  bend  them  down  in  a  horizontal  position. 

LAY  TONGUE,  TO.—"  He  call'd  me  iv'ry  mander  o'  thing  he 
could  laay  his  tung  to,  fra  a  cat  to  a  dog,"  i.e.,  "  He  used  all 
the  foul  words  he  was  master  of. 

LAYER  (lair)  (i)  i.e.,  lair. — The  place  where  cattle  lie  ;  the 
land  on  which  sheep  are  folded. 

Warp  land  is  not  one-half  such  bad  layer  for  tonup-sheep  as  a  sight 
o'  th'  top-land  is. 

"  The  wetness  of  their  layer  .  .  .  the  scab,  the  rot,  and  every 
circumstance  attend  them  which  can  delay  their  being  profitable." — 
Th.  Stone,  View  ofAgric.,  1794,  p.  62. 

(2)  A  stratum  of  rock,  clay,  or  earth. 
LAYLOCK.— The  lilac. 
LAZYBACK.— An  ang-nail  (q.v.) 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  317 

LEACHEWHITE.— Lairwhite,  lecherwite. 

"  A  fine  or  custom  of  punishing  offenders  in  adultery  and  fornication, 
which  privilege  did  anciently  belong  to  the  lords  of  some  manors  in 
reference  to  their  villains  and  tenants." — Blount,  Law  Diet.,  1717 
(obsolete). 

"  Al  maner  of  seruices  of  the  tennantes,  there  marriages,  leache  whites, 
marcheates    .     .     . — Lease  of  Manor  of  Scatter,  1537,  in  Pro-  S°c-  Ant. 
second  series),  vol.  iv.,  p.  416;  Archaologia,  xii.,  37  ;  Seebohm,  Eng. 
'.  Com.,  30,  56. 


(se 
VI 


LEAD,  v. — To  carry  by  cart  or  waggon. 

This  use  of  the  word  seems  to  point  to  a  time  when  the  traffic  of  the 
country  was  carried  on  by  pack  horses,  which  it  was  the  custom  to 
lead  in  single  file. 

We  can't  lead  wheat  to-daay,  th'  stroa's  as  weet  as  muck. 
Wheare's  yer  faather  ?     He's  leddin'  bricks  for  th'  squire. 

"  Owre  carte  shal  he  lede 
And  fecchen  vs  vy tallies." 

Piers  the  Plowman,  B.  text,  pass,  ii.,  1.  179. 

"  To  leade  the  medow  awaye  there  growing,  accordinge  to  ]>e  custome 
there  used." — Agreement  between  the  Prior  of  Malton  and  par.  of  Winterton, 
1456,  in  ArcJuzologia,  vol.  xl.,  p.  238. 

LEAD-EATER  (led-eetur) .—India-rubber. 
LEADER.— A  tendon. 

LEADINGS. — The  price  of  carting  anything. 

A  newly-built  house  is  said  to  have  cost  such  a  sum,  including 
leadings. 

LEAF.— See  LIEF. 

LEAF,  A  NEW.— Reformation;  change. 

You'll  hev'  to  to'n  oher  a  new  leaf,  or  we  shall  hev'  to  part,  an1  that 
afoore  long. 

LEAF-FAT,   LEAF.— (i)    The  inner  fat  of  a  pig,  duck,  or 
goose. 

What  a  fine  goose  that  is  o'  thine  ;  why  it  hes  a  leaf  like  a  pig. 

(2)  Sometimes,  though  rarely,  used  in  relation  to  the  similar 
fat  in  a  human  being. 

His  puddin's  hed  gotten  oot  o'  ther'  plaace,  you  sea,  an'  wedged 
the'r-sens  in  among  the  leaf-fat ;  an'  Doctor  co't  him  oppen  an'reightled 
'em.  He's  a  straange  high  larnt  man  that  Doctor,  an'  a  clever  un  an" 
all. 

LEALOCK.— The  lilac. 

LEAN-TO. — A  building  at  the  side  of  another,  the   roof  of 
which  leans  against  the  main  building. 

41  A  lode  of  hey  lyyng  in  a  leyn  to  ijs.  " — Inventory  of  Walter  Mawd, 
of  Rypyngale,  1542. 


818  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LEARN,  v. — To  teach.     See  LARN. 

"  Or,  rather  will  some  cherub  stand, 
By  special  office  charg'd  at  hand, 

To  learn  me  immaterial  mysteries." 

J.  Reynolds,  A  View  of  Death,  1735,  p.  16. 

LEAP. — (i)  A  long  wicker  basket  used  for  catching  eels.  A 
representation  of  a  leap  of  this  kind  is  in  the  foreground  of 
the  engraving  of  Puttchers  on  the  Severn,  near  Tidenham,  in 
Seebohm's.£«g.  Vill.  Com.,  p.  152. 

(2)   A  large  basket  used  for  carrying  "  cut  meat"  (q.v.) — Isle 
of  Axholme.     Cf.  E.D.S.,  B.  16. 

LEAS,  s.  pi. — The  annular  marks  on  the  trunk  of  a  tree. 
LEATHER,  v.— To  beat. 
LEATHER-HEAD.— A  blockhead. 
LEAVE  HOLD,  LEAVE  GO,  i'.— To  let  go. 

LECK,  v.— (i)  To  leak. 
(2)   To  bail  water. 

LECK-BOWL. — A  tool  used  for  bailing  water  over  a  cradge 
or  small  dam,  to  enable  a  drain  to  be  cleansed. 

LECK  ON,  t>. — To  pour  on ;  a  term  in  brewing. 
LEDGE. — The  horizontal  bar  of  a  gate. 

LEDRUM,  LELDRUM.— A  got  up  story,  an  improbable  tale. 
I  can't  abide  my  bairns  for  to  read  them  novels  ;   ledrums  like  them, 
all  aboot  sweetheartin'  '11  not  do  noabody  noa  good. 

I  reckon  thease  here  leldrmns  aboot  witchin'  is  all  a  noht. 

LEE.— A  lie. 

LEE,  v.— To  tell  lies. 

LEET.— Light. 

Clergyman  :  Do  you  say  your  prayers,  my  little  boy  ? 
Boy  :  Yes,  sir,  I  alus  says  'em  at  neet. 
Clergyman  :  Why  don't  you  say  them  in  the  morning  also  ? 
Boy  :  'Cos  it's  alus  leet  then  an'  I'm  not  scar'd. 

LEET  ON,  v.— (i)  To  light  on. 

Wheare  did  ta  ket  on  that  peace  o'  ohd  coin  ? 

(2)  To  settle,  as  birds  and  insects  do. 

Th'  black-heads  leeted  upo'  th'  grun'  e'  oor  hoam  cloas,  soa  as  it  was 
very  nigh  white  oher  wi'  'em. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  319 

LEETS,  s.  //.—The  lights  ;  the  lungs. 

Master  alus  gies  th'  liver  an'  leets  to  poor  foaks. 

LEFT-HANDED.— Illegitimate. 
LEFT-HANDED-FRIEND.— An  enemy. 

LEFT  TO  HIS  SEN. — A  person  is  said  to  be  left  to  his  sen  who 
does  something  remarkably  foolish. 

I  niver  seed  noabody  moore  left  to  they  sens  then  oor  Claudina  was 
when  she  married  a  fella'  like  .  .  .  .Why  he's  brokken  o'must  ivery 
boan  e'  his  body,  barrin'  his  neck,  thrif  cumin' hoam  fresh  fra  Gaainsb'r' 
markit.  If  he'd  brokken  that  an'  all  it  wo'd  hev  been  a  good  job  fer 
oor  poor  lass. 

(2)  Left  by  himself. 

He  got  foul  wi'  me,  soa  I  put  on  my  hat  an'  just  left  him  to  his  sen,  to 
cool  like. 

LEG. — Anything  is  said  to  have  all  its  legs  on  when  it  is  very 
excellent. 

Your  sarvant  lass  she  maade  me  a  cup  o'  coffee  ;  my  wod  it  was 
good ;  I  tell'd  her  it  hed  all  it  legs  on,  an'  it  hed  an'  all. 

LEG-TIRED.— Very  tired. 

LEG  UP. — To  give  a  leg  up  is  to  assist  a  person  in  mounting  a 
horse,  climbing  a  wall,  &c. 

LELDRUM.— See  LEDRUM. 

LEND,  v. — To  give ;  commonly  used  either  in  irony  or  anger. 

I'll  lend  ye  sumuts  you'll  not  like  if  ye  cum  slivein'  aboot  here  agean. 
"  Whyle  he  was  blynde, 
The  wenche  behinde, 

Lent  him,  leyd  on  the  flore 
Many  a  ioule, 
About  the  noule, 

With  a  great  batyldore. 

Sir  Tho.  More,  Workes,  1557,  P-  ""• 

LENT. — The  loan  of  anything. 

It  is  n't  oors,  bud  we've  hed  the  lent  on  it  thease  three  years. 
"  Thanking  him  exceedingly  for  the  lent  thereof." — De  la  Pryme's 
Diary,  p.  163. 

LENT-CORN.— Barley  and  oats  ;  also  beans,  if  sown  in  the 
spring. 

LERRY.— (i)  A  whim,  a  fancy. 
(2)  A  fib. 

LESK.— See  LISK. 


320  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LESSIN'.— (i)  A  lesson. 

(2)  Undue  influence/ secret  instructions. 

She's  been  writin'  advisin'  her  not  for  to  goa;  she's  larnt  her  Icssin', 
no  doot. 

LET. — (i)  Pt.  t.  of  LIGHT,  in  the  sense  of  alight. 

A  swarm  o'  beas  let  on  one  o'  them  stohps  e'  that  creddle  roond  th' 
walnut  trea,  an'  I  maade  my  sen  sewer  oor  missis  wo'd  dee  e'  her 
confinement,  but  when  it  caame  to  she  did  noht  o'  th'  soort. 

(2)  Pt.  t.  of  LIGHT,  to  illuminate. 

I  dreamt  that  all  th'  chech  was  let  up  wi'  wax  can'les.  -Margaret 
Richards,  Northorpe,  1843. 

LET  DOWN. — An  infirmity,  such  as  deafness  or  lameness  ; 
or  a  misfortune,  such  as  having  a  bad  wife,  husband,  or 
child,  is  spoken  of  as  a  great  let  down. 

LET  DRIVE,  v. — (i)  To  begin  anything  very  energetically. 
(2)  To  strike  out  with  the  fists,  or  to  kick  as  a  horse. 

LET  INTO,  v.— To  attack. 

Them  craws  is  lettiri1  into  th'  taaties  e1  th'  Naathan  Land  aboon  a  bit. 
If  thoo  lets  into  th1  bairn  e'  that  how,  I'll  fetch  th'  p'liceman  to  the. 

LET  OUT,  r. — (i)  To  let  anything  by  the  day  or  the  week. 

He  lets  his  herses  oot  to  do  falla'in. 
(2)  To  tell  something  secret. 

Jim  got  mad,  so  he  let  oot  th'  whoale  consarn. 

LEV,  pt.  t.  of  live. 

We  lev  at  Haxey  then. 

LEVELS.— The  Level  of  Hatfield  Chace. 

"  This  person  lived  upon  the  Levels." — Archaologia,  vol.  xl.,  p.  225. 

LEW. — (i)  Interjection  used  in  driving  geese. 
(2)  Contraction  for  the  Christian  name  Lucretia. 

LEY  (lai).- — Unenclosed  grass  land.  It  seems  to  mean  land 
that  has  once  been  ploughed  and  afterwards  laid  down  to 
grass. 

"  One  of  the  common  fields  called  the  Leys  in  the  Ings  has  not  been 
plowed  within  memory.  ...  On  the  north  and  south  cliffs  are 
several  commons  called  the  Old  Leys  and  Lodge  Leys,  which  were 
formerly  plowed,  but  by  length  of  time  are  become  unknown  land,  and 
are  therefore  stocked  by  gaits  like  the  other  commons." — Survey  of  the 
Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

LIABLE,  «#.— Likely. 

Jack's  a  good  soort  'n  a  chap,  but  very  liable  to  get  fresh.  He's 
been  fined  fo'ty-three  times  for  gettin'  drunk.— Messingham,  Aug.,  1875. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  821 

LIBERRY.— (i)  A  library. 

(2)  A  book  borrowed  from  a  library. 

A  young  servant  at  Winterton  said  "  As  soon  as  I  caame  hoame  from 
Sunda'  School  yisterdaay  I  set  doon  by  the  fire  and  soon  got  buried  in 
my  liberry,"  meaning  the  book  she  had  just  borrowed  from  the  library 
of  the  school  which  she  attended. — February  16,  1880. 

LICK,  v.—  (i)  To  beat ;  to  thresh. 
(2)  To  surpass  ;  to  excel. 

Well,  this  licks  all  I  iver  seed,  or  heard,  or  read  on. 

LICK   AND   A  PROMISE.— To  wash,  dust,  or  do  any  like 
thing  in  a  slight  or  imperfect  manner,  but  leaving  hope  that 
the  work  may  be  performed  more  thoroughly  in  the  future. 
It's  nobut  a  lick  an'  a  promise  this  time,  bud  I'll  finish  it  off  rarely  next 
time  I  tak  it  e'  hand. 

LICKSPITTLE.— A  parasite  ;  a  sycophant. 

LIDYATE. — A  gate  between  ploughed  land  and  meadow,  or 

pasture  and  meadow,  in  an  open  field.  A  gate  at  the  entrance 

of  a  village  used  to  hinder  cattle  from  straying  from  the 

unenclosed  fields  or  commons  among  the  houses  (obsolescent). 

",That  euerie  man  shall  make  ther  lydyeates  sufficient  before  St.  Markes' 

daye,  in  payne  of  eureye  one  found  in  the  same  defalt  iiis.  iiijd. " — 

Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1578.     Cf.  Lidgitt's  in  Hallewell's  Diet. 

LIE  (lei).— (i)  Urine. 

"  Sciatica  .  .  .  Apply  flannels  dipt  in  stale  lie  boil'd  with  salt, 
as  hot  as  you  can  bear,  for  an  hour." — John  Wesley,  Primitive  Physic, 
1755.  P-  94- 

(2)  Water  in  which  wood-ashes  have  been  boiled  to  soften  it 
for  washing  purposes ;  horse  chesnuts  are  sometimes  used 
for  this  purpose. 

LIEF,  LEVE,  LEAVE.— As  soon  ;  rather. 

I'd  as  leave  goa  wi'oot  oht  as  eat  eels ;  thaay  look  like  noht  but  hetherds 
an'  snaakes. 

LIEVER,  adv.— Rather. 

I'd  liever  marry  a  bozzil  then  a  prood  stuck  up  thing  like  her. 

LIFT. — (i)  Literally  ;  help  in  lifting  anything,  as  "  Noo,  then, 
gie  us  a  lift  wi'  this  here  stoan,"  but  frequently  used  for 
assistance  of  any  kind. 

I  wish,  Squire,  you'd  gie  me  a  lift  wi'  C     .     .     .     D     .     .     .     ,  he 
awes  me  foher  pund  an'  weaht  pay  a  fardin. — 28th  August,  1876. 
I  once  gev  ohd  Brewer  a  lift  e'  my  gig,  doon  agean  Squire  Heala's. 

(2)  Half  a  round  of  beef. 


322  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LIFT,  v . — To  be  in  great  profusion. 
This  meat  lifts  vvi'  mawks. 
Th'  bed  lifts  wi'  lops. 

LIG,  v. — To  lie,  to  lay. 

He  call'd  me  all  th'  foul  naames  he  could  lig  his  tung  to. 
I'll  lig  this  stick  aboot  thy  back. 

"  I've  nowt  bud  liggiu1  here  waaitin' 
An'  deein1  left  to  do." 

Lincolnshire  Poacher,  in  Mabel  Peacock's 
Tales  and  Rhymes,  p.  127. 

LIG-ABED.— A  sluggard. 

LIG  DOWN. — A  woman  is  said  to  be  "  gooin'  to  lig  her  sen 
doon  "  when  she  is  about  to  be  confined. 

LIGHT,  v. — To  alight,  as  a  bird  or  insect  does.     See  LITE. 

LIGHT  CAKES,  5.  pi. — Bread  cakes,  i.e.,  cakes  made  of 
fermented  dough  taken  off  the  paste  which  is  about  to  be 
baked  into  bread. 

LIGHT  CART. — A  cart  having  springs. 

LIGHT  DUMPLING.— Dumpling  made  of  light  dough,  that 
is,  paste  made  with  yeast. 

LIGHTNING. — There  are  understood  to  be  three  sorts  of 
lightning,  "  forked-lightning,"  "  spear-lightning,"  and 
"  sheet-lightning." 

LIGHT  UPON,  LIGHT  ON,  v.— To  find,  to  hit  upon. 

I  lighted  on  it  [a  flint  arrow  head]  as  I  was  walkin'  oher  th'  top  o' 
Manton  Common.- — 1847. 

I  lighted  on  thease  here  two  cauves  at  Brigg,  last  markit. 

LIGHTS,  s.  pi. — The  lungs  of  an  animal. 

"  Hooks  baited  with  the  lites  of  a  beast." — Will.   Blundell,  Crosby 
Records,  p.  222. 

"  Cleon,  that  rapscallion  true, 
Whom  I'll  cut  up,  liver  and  lights, 
Into  shoe-soles  for  the  knights." 
Walsh,  Aristophanes,  The  Acharnians,  Act  ii.,  sc.  ii.,  1.  302. 

LIGHTSOME,  adj.—(i)  Well  lighted. 

Th'  gas  maks  th'  chappil  a  deal  moore  light  sum ;  I  wish  we'd  hed  it 
years  sin'. 

(2)   Cheerful,  lively. 

LIG  OUT,  v. — (i)  To  prepare  a  corpse  for  burial. 

(2)  To  expend. 

lie's  ligg'd  oot  a  sight  o'  munny  upo'  that  farm. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRIKGHAM  WORDS. 

LIG  GOT  O'  DOORS:— To  be,  to  exist,  said  of  land. 

It's  as  good  a  farm  as  iver  ligged  oot  o'  doors,  an'  wo'th  a  sight  moore 
then  that  theare  ketty  stuff  'at  ewsed  to  be  Hall's. 

LIKE. — A  termination  equivalent  to  ly,  being  another  form  of 
the  A.  S.  lie,  as  vretlike,  winter/^. — Cf.  Robinson's  Whitbij 
Glossary ',  E.  D.  S.  sub  voc. 

LIKE,  adj.  adv.-(i)  Likely. 

Very  like  I  maay,  bud  I'm  not  sewer. 
(2)  Compelled. 

I've  getten  a  summons  fra1  th'  magistraates,  soa  I  shall  be  like  to  goa 
whether  I  will  or  noa. 

LIKE. — "  Good  to  like,"  "  bad  to  like,"  satisfactory  or  unsatis- 
factory, as  the  case  may  be. 

A  wound  not  going  on  well  is  said  to  be  "  not  hairf  so  good  to  like 
as  it  was  a  bit  sin'." 

A  very  little  boy,  who  was  thought  by  his  parents  too  backward. 

was  pronounced  by  the  schoolmaster  "  none  the  worse  to  like  for  that." 

A  pure  and  innocent  girl,  who  had  an  objectionable  mother,  was 

said  to  be  "  midlin'  in  her  sen,  bud  bad  to  like  when  you  nobbud  knaw 

who  she's  cum'd  off  "n." 

LIKE  CASE,'a<fo. — Also,  in  the  same  manner  as. 

Thaay  chuckt  th'  watter  tub  oher,  like  cause  thaay  brok  th'  tap  on  it. 
"  Payd  wytsonday  for  ij  ponde  sope  for  weching  cherche  clothes  iijd. 
Paid  at  lammes  lyke  case  iiid." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1534. 

LIKELY. — Of  promising  appearance,  as  "A  likely  lad,"  "A 
likely  foal." 

LIKEN'D,  LIKEN'D  O',  /Ar.— Likely,  nearly,  in  danger  of. 

I'd  liken  d  to  hev  been  lock'd  oot  all  neet. 

I'd  liken' d  o'  been  droonded  once  in  crossin'  th'  Trent,  at  Borringham, 
i'  ohd  George  time. 

41  We'd  liken  d  o'  hevin  a  lot  o'  kitlins  e'  oor  best  bed." — 2gth  April, 
1876. 

LIKING,  ON. — A  servant  or  an  animal  on  liking  is  one  taken 
on  trial. 

LIKE  THAT.- (i)  In  that  way. 

What  are  you  pinchin'  me  like  that  for  ? 
(2)   Very  quickly  or  urgently. 
It's  raainin*  like  that. 
Thy  muther's  mad,  she's  callin'  o'  the  like  that. 

LILLYLOW.— (i)  A  bright  flame. 

When  we  got  theare  ther'  was  five  corn -stacks  all  i'  a  lillylow. 
(2)  The  quivering  of  the  flesh  which  takes  place  when  cold 
hands  are  held  close  to  a  fire. 


824  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LIME  CLAMP.— See  CLAMP. 

LIMMOCK,  LIMBER,  «#.— Flexible,  pliable. 

Her  limbs  is  gettin'  moore  limmock,  bud  she's  a  poor  creiitur'  yit. 

LIMMOCK,  v.— To  make  pliable. 

Foaks  says  as  I  should  keap  movin'  aboot  to  limmock  my  joints  ;  it's 
all  very  fine  talkin',  if  thaay  was  e'  that  paain  I  offens  am  thaay'd  get 
rest  when  thaay  could. 

LIN. — Linen  (obsolescent). 

All  the  lin  sheets  and  towils  was  spun  at  hoame  when  I  was  a  lad. — 
Will.  Stocks,  Yaddlethorpe,  May,  1887. 

LINCH.— A  balk  in  a  field.     A.S.  Mine  (obsolete). 

"  The  lands  in  the  fields  are  called  dales  and  thelinches  or  green  strips 
on  each  side  are  called  marfurs  or  meerfurrows." — Survey  of  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  1787. 

LINCO'NSHEER,  LINKISHEER.— Lincolnshire. 

"  What  a  wonderful  country  is  Linkisheer, 
Wheare  the  pigs  shit  soap  and  the  coos  shit  fire." 

The  allusion  is  to  the  practise  of  using  pig-dung  instead  of  soap 
in  washing  clothes,  and  cow-dung  as  fuel.  Both  these  practises, 
if  now  obsolete  (which  is  doubtful),  have  become  so  in  very 
recent  days. 

LINE.— (i)  Flax. 

"It  is  laid  in  paine  that  no  man  shall  lye  hemp  nor  line  neare  no 
chimney." — Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1581. 

"  The  tempering  of  steel  materials  for  the  purpose  of  dressing  line." — 
James  Taylor,  of  Crowle,  Travels  in  Upper  Canada,  p.  74. 

(2)  The  worked  fibre  of  flax. 

(3)  The  lime  tree. 

LINE,  v. — To  copulate  ;  said  of  dogs  only. 

LINE-BREAK. — A  flax-brake;  a  machine  for  dressing  flax. 

"One  dishbench,  2  old  kitts,  i  pare  of  line  bracks  35.  4<i. " — Inventory 
of  Will.  Gwinas,  of  Keadby,  Sept.  18,  1685. 

LINE-DYKE.— A  ditch  wherein  line  is  steeped. 

LINE-MAN. — (i)  A  person  who  takes  land  for  a  single  season 
for  the  purpose  of  growing  line. 

(2)  A  man  who  works  line. 

LING.— Heather. 

"  Still  keeps  the  ling  its  darksome  green." 

John  Clare,  Wanderings  in  June. 

LING-BESOM.— A  broom  made  of  heather. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  825 

LINKS,  s.  pi. — Strings  of  sausages,  so  called  from  their  likeness 
to  a  chain. 

LIN-PIN,  LIM-PIN,  LINCK-PIN.— A  linchpin  of  a  wheel. 

'LINS. — A  termination  equivalent  to  lyt  as  in  hard/ww,  most/zws, 
scarce/z'ws,  sure/ms. 

LINSY-WOOLSY.— "  Vestis   ex   lana   et   lino    simul    mixtis 
confecta." — Skinner,  Etymologicon. 

Some  Lincolnshire  people  hold  the  foolish  opinion  that  this  fabric 
takes  its  name,  not  from  line,  but  from  the  parts  of  Lindsey  in  this 
county,  and  as  a  consequence  misspell  it  Lindsey -Woohcy. 
"  For  now  the  commons  are  ta'en  in, 

The  cottages  pulled  down, 
And  Moggy's  got  no  wool  to  spin 
Her  linsy-woolsy  gown." 

Lincolnshire  Enclosure  Song,  i8th  cent. 

"As  to  the  Jewes,  a  garment  made  of  linzy-woolsie  might  not  be 
worne." — John  Preston,  Sermons  Preached  before  His  Majestie,  1630,  p.  19. 
The  reference  is  to  the  Mosaic  command  : — "  Thou  shalt  not  sowe  thy 
field  with  mingled  seede,  neither  shall  a  garment  of  diuers  things,  as  of 
linen  and  woollen,  come  vpon  thee." — Leviticus,  chap,  xix.,  v.  19. 
"  Peel'd,  patch'd,  and  pyebald,  linsey-woolsey  brothers, 
Grave  mummers  !  sleeveless  some,  and  shirtless  others." 

Pope,  Dunciad,  book  iii.,  1.  107. 

Mary  Eyrick,  of  Leicester,  in  her  will  executed  in  1612,  leaves  to 
Lady  Eyrick  one ' '  payer  of  blanketes  of  linsy-wolsy  of  my  own  makinge. ' ' — 
Transac.  of  Leicester sh.  Architec.  and  Archaeology  Soc.,  vol.  vi.,  p.  130. 

LINTS,  s.  pi. — Lentils,  tares,  vetches. 

LIPPY.— Saucy. 

Noo  then  doant  be  lippy  or  I'll  send  the  to  bed. 

He  was  the  lippiest  bairn  ony  body  iver  hed  aboot  a  plaace. 

LIQUOR.— (i)  The  wort  in  brewing. 

(2)  Strong  drink  of  any  kind,  more  especially  spirits. 

LIQUOR,  LIQUOR^UP,  v.— To  drink  strong  drink. 

LISK. — Sometimes,  though  but  very  rarely,  lesk.     The  groin, 
the  flank. 

"  The  laste  was  a  litylle  mane  that  laide  was  be-nethe 
His  leskes  laye  alle  lene  and  laitheliche  to  schewe." 

Morte  Arthurs,  E.E.T.S.,  1.  3280. 

"  The  manner  is  to  give  lambes  a  tarre  marke  before  they  goe  to  the 
field,  and  our  usuall  way  is  to  give  them  onely  the  botte  on  the  far 
buttocke,  and  sometimes  to  runne  the  edge  of  the  botte  downe  the 
neare  lisk,  makinge  a  stroke  therewith." — Hen.  Best,  Rural  Economy 
in  Yorks.,  1641,  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  12.  Cf.  Halliwell's  Diet.,  sub  voc.  Lesk. 
Catholicon  Anglicum  E.E.T.S.,  p.  214. 

LIST. — Liveliness,  attention. 

O  poor  thing  she'd  noa  list  aboot  her  when  I  seed  her  at  all. — Isle  of 
Axholme. 


826  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LIST,  v.—To  enlist. 

11  The  horse  are  to  be  listed  on  Thursday  next  at  the  Christopher  in 
St.  Alban's."— 1644,  Hist.  MSS.  Com.  Rep.,  vi.,  p.  36,  col.  i. 

LISTEN  AT,  ».— To  listen  to. 

Listen  at  th'  raain  how  it  's  beating  upo'  th'  slaates. 

LISTING.— List ;  the  border  of  cloth. 

LITE. — The  act  of  waiting  for  a  person  or  thing. 
I'd  a  straange  long  lite  for  your  parshill. 

LITE  (leit),  ».— (i)  To  wait. 

I've  been  litein'  on  ye  for  th'  last  hooer. 

Lite  a  bit,  I'm  cumin1  when  I've  laac'd  my  boots. — Cf.  led  Icita, 
to  seek. 

(2)   To  alight. 

Thaay  lited  up'  o'  oor  craw-trees. 

LITHE,  v. — To  thicken  hot  milk  with  flour. 
LITHEING.— Thickened  milk. 

LITTLE  DEVIL.— A  small  black  beetle  of  the  genus  Goeriits, 
which  turns  up  its  tail  when  touched  or  alarmed. 

LITTLE  FAIR  DAY.— The  pleasure  fair,  or  second  day  of 
the  fair  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey  and  Brigg. 

LITTLE-HOUSE,  LITTLE-LIDS.— A  privy. 

LITTLE-JACK.— At  Belton,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  in  the 
early  part  of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  there  was  an  Easter 
Sepulchre,  with  litle  Jack." — Line.  Ch.  Goods,  p.  46. 
By  this  term  was  probably  meant  the  little  chest  or  box,  in 
which,  during  a  part  of  Holy  Week,  the  Holy  Eucharist 
was  reserved  and  enclosed  within  the  sepulchre. 

LITTLE  MEN  OF  WROOT.— Very  small  black  insects  which 

come  in  great  numbers  during  the  hot  weather  in  summer 

and  autumn.     They  are  believed  to  breed  in  marshes,  and 

to  come  into  these  parts  from  Wroot,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme. 

"  In  Surrey  they  are  called  "  thunderbugs." — W.W.S. 

LITTLER,  adj.— Less. 

He'll  be  a  deal  littler  man  then  his  faather. 

LITTLEST,  adj.— Least. 

This  has  been  the  littlest  Brigg  markit  I  iver  seed ;  all  th'  foaks  hed 
gone  to  Lincoln  Agricultur'  Shaw. — July  22,  1886, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  827 

LIVE  BLOOD.— Sudden  quivering  of  the  flesh. 

"That  curious  muscular  sensation,  or  quiver,  to  which  the  vulgar 
pive  the  name  of  live  blood." — B.  W.  Richardson,  Diseases  of  Modern 
Life,  2nd  ed.,  p.  163. 

LIVEN,  LIVEN  UP,  v.— Enliven. 

I'll  sarvehim  wi'a  writ  if  he  duzn't  paay  ;  that'll  liven  him  up  noa  end. — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey . 

I'd  a  glass  o'  gin,  an'  it  livened  me  up  finely. 

LIVER,  TO  HANG  ONE'S  ON  A  THING.— To  desire 
very  earnestly. 

It's  to  noa  ewse  yer  hangin'  yer  liver  on  that  theare  meat,  for  th' 
doctor  said  as  you  was  n't  to  hev  noan. 

'LIVER,  v.— To  deliver. 

Oor  teams  hes  goan  liverin'  taaties. 

'LIVERABLE,  adj. — Potatoes  which  are  fit  for  market  are 
called  liverable  stuff ;  the  small  and  diseased  potatoes  which 
are  not  liverable  are  called  chats. 

LIVER  OF  ANTIMONY.— Black  antimony  ;  a  drug  commonly 
used  to  make  horses  have  fine  coats. 

"  Do  yon  ever  use  black  antimony,  or  liver  of  antimony,  with  any  of  the 
horses  ?" — Daily  Telegraph,  July  27,  1876,  p.  3,  col.  5. 

LIVERY,  adj. — Clay  or  warp  land  is  said  to  turn  up  livery, 
when,  on  ploughing  the  soil,  it  is  found  to  be  sad  and 
heavy,  without  tendency  to  crumble  into  mould. 

LIVING  WATER.— (i)  A  natural  overflowing  spring  as  dis- 
tinguished from  a  well  that  has  been  dug. 

(2)  The  water  in  rapidly  running  streams. 

LOAD. — A  load  of  corn  is  three  strikes,  i.e.,  twelve  pecks.  Corn 
is  commonly  sold  by  the  load  in  Doncaster  market,  and  it  is 
the  measure  generally  used  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme. 

"  The  load  at  the  end  of  the  seventeeth  century  was  at  Appleby, 
Westmoreland,  for  peas,  wheat,  and  rye  four  bushels,  for  barley  and 
bigg  five  bushels." — Rogers,  Hist.  Agric.  and  Prices,  vol.  v.,  p.  255. 

LOADEN,  v.— Loaded. 

"A  vine  .  .  .  loaden  with  grapes  of  a  curious  purple  colour. " — 
N.  Bailey,  Colloq.  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  143. 

LOADENED,  v.— (i)  Loaded. 

I  wean't  hev  loddencd  guns  broht  e1  th'  hoose ;  we  shall  be  hev>n' 
sumbody  gettin1  shutten  else. 

(2)  Laden. 

Bill's  keel  is  that  loa'dened  you  could  n't  cram  anuther  taatie  intil  her, 


828  MANLEY  AND    CORRINGHAM  WORDS, 

LOBSIDED,  LOPSIDED.— With  one  side  bulging  more  than 
the  other  ;  said  of  a  badly  made  bread-loaf,  a  pork-pie,  an 
earthen  pot,  and  such  like  things. 

"  They  are  mostly  of  very  rude  execution,  so  lopsided  that  they  very 
often  do  not  even  stand  perpendicularly." — J.  M.  Kemble,  in  Archaologia, 
vol.  xxxvi.,  p.  274. 

LOCAL. — A  local  preacher  among  any  of  the  various  Methodist 
bodies.  A  local  preacher  is  a  resident  who  generally  follows 
some  other  calling.  A  travelling  preacher  or  regular  preacher 
is  one  who  comes  to  reside  in  the  neighbourhood  for  a  limited 
period,  and  who  devotes  himself  entirely  to  the  ministry. 

Peatmoor  Parson,  as  we  ewsed  to  call  him,  was  a  lodcal  among  th 
Ranters  for  years  an'  years,  bud  he  niver  larnt  his  sen  to  read  and 
write. 

LOCK  BEAM. — A  collar  beam  or  tie  across  a  roof  from  the 
centre  of  one  rafter  to  the  centre  of  the  opposite  one. 

LOCKER.— (i)  A  small  box  or  chest. 

(2)  A  little  box  attached  to  the  inside  of  a  larger  one.  The 
old  carved  oak  chests,  once  common  in  farm-houses,  were 
usually  furnished  with  one  or  more  internal  lockers. 

LOCKS,  s.  pi. — Small  pieces  of  dirty  wool  cut  from  sheep  before 
they  are  shorn.  They  are  washed  and  employed  as  stuffing 
for  horse-collars,  spinning  into  mop-yarn,  and  other  such 
uses. 

"  A  few  days  ago,  the  granary  of  Mr.  Peter  Hand,  farmer,  of  Burwell, 
was  broken  open,  and  63  fleeces  of  wool  were  stolen,  besides  a  large 
quantity  of  lochs."—  Boston  Herald,  Dec.  15,  1840. 

LOCKS  AND  KEYS.— The  seed  vessels  of  the  ash,  sycamore 
and  maple.  See  KEYS. 

LOCKSPIT,  n.  and  v. — A  breadth  of  earth  taken  from  the 
bottom  of  a  drain  of  the  same  width  as  an  ordinary 
draining  tool. 

I  lockspitted  her  oot  fra  one  end  to  t'  uther. 

LOCUST.— A  cockchafer. 
LODGING-ROOM.— A  bedroom. 
LODLUM. — Laudanum. 
LOFT — A  gallery  in  a  church  or  chapel. 
LOH.— A  blaze. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  329 

LOH,  i-.— To  blaze. 

"  Every  individual  brick  shone  and  lowed  with  intense  heat." — Ralf 
S'kirlaugh,  j.,  197 

"  On  All  Hallow  Even,  the  master  of  the  family  used  to  carry  a  bunch 
of  straw  fired  about  his  corne,  saying : — 
Fire  and  red  low, 
Light  on  my  teen  now." 
Hamper,  Life  Diary  and  Corresp.  of  Sir  Will  Dugdale,  104. 

LOHP.— A  leap. 

It's  a  good  lohp  oher  Car-dyke. 

LOHP,  v.— (i)— To  leap. 

"  And  bigan  til  him  to  loupe  " — Havelok,  1.  1801. 
(2)  To  copulate  ;  said  of  horses. 

LOHPING-POAL.— A  leaping-pole. 

LOHSE,  adj.—(i)  Loose. 

(2)  Used  of  a  person  free  from  his  apprenticeship,  a  servant 
free  from  his  or  her  contract  of  service,  or  of  one  who  has 
broken  off  from  a  matrimonial  engagement. 

LOHSE,  v. — To  let  loose  (the  o  longer  than  in  the  adjective). 

Doan't  lohse  that  dog,  he'll  be  bitin'  of  the. 

"  Arthur  .  .  .  came  to  the  damoysell,  where  shee  was  fast  bounden 
to  a  tree  and  did  lowse  her." — Arthur  of  Little  Britain,  ed.  1814,  p.  61. 

"Bryan  Smythe  for  that 'he  keped  his  cattele  louse  in  the  Inges 
contrary  to  order,  ijd. " — Hibbaldstow  Fine  Roll,  1576. 

LOHSE  END. — To  be  at  th'  lohse  end  is  to  be  without  employ- 
ment, unsettled  or  dissipated. 

I'm  at  th'  lohse  end  to  daay,  soa  I'll  just  goa  an'  sea  what's  stirrin'  at 
Wroot. 

LOHSE  E'  TH'  HEFT.— That  is,  loose  in  the  handle.  A 
person  of  a  wild,  profligate  or  wasteful  disposition  is  called 
"  a  lohse  ej  th'  heft." 

Jack's  alust  been  a  real  lohse  e1  th'  heft,  niver  easy  bud  when  he's 
flingin'  aither  his  awn  or  sumbody  else  munny  aboot. 

"  Steven's  never  been  convarted  ;  he's  all  lowse  i'  th'  heft  yet." — Ralf 
Skirlaugh,  ij.,  115. 

"  She's  loose  i'  the  hilts; 
Grown  a  notorious  strumpet." 

Webster,  Duchess  of  Malfi,  Act  ij.,  sc.  v. 

LOHSENING. — A  feast  given  by  an  apprentice  when  out  of 
his  time.  See  LOHSE. 

LOHSE  OOT,  v. — To  take  a  horse  out  of  harness. 

LOHSING  TIME, — The  time  for  people  to  leave  church, 
chapel,  or  school,  or  for  men  or  horses  to  leave  off  work. 


330  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

LOHSE  TINES.— To  redeem  forfeits. 

Bairns  bed  bean  plaayin'  at  my-lady's-tbimble,  an'  was  lohsin^  tines 
when  I  cum'd  in. 

LOITCH,  adj. — Cunning,  clever  ;  said  of  dogs. 

Jet's  that  hitch  she'll  meat  th'  ohd  hare  at  that  theare  smuice  sewer 
en  if. 

LONDON  TUFT.— Sweet  William. 

LONE  WOMAN. — A  woman  who  lives  in  a  house  by  herself; 
either  one  who  has  never  been  married  or  who  is  a  widow. 

LONG,  adj.— Tall. 

You're  as  ugly  as  you're  long;  a  common  phrase  used  by  mothers  and 
nurses  to  children  as  a  censure  for  bad  temper. 

LONG  ARM,  TO  MAKE.— To  stretch  out  the  arm   for  the 
purpose  of  taking  hold  of  something  nearly  out  of  reach. 
I  mun  mak  a  long  airm  an'  try  to  get  it  doon  wi'  oot  fetchin'  th'  stee. 

LONG  ENOUGH.— A  long  time. 

He'll  not  be  by  agean  yit  for  long  eniff  you'll  sea. 

LONG  FORTNIGHT.— The  meetings  of  the  Justices  of 
Peace  at  Winterton  were  commonly  held  on  every  alternate 
Friday ;  sometines  however  three  weeks  intervened,  this 
period  was  called  th  e  long  fortnight. 

LONG  GEARS,  s.  pi.— The  traces  of  a  cart  or  waggon. 
LONG-HEADED,  LONG-CROWNED,  fl<f/.—Clever  ;  acute. 

LONG  HUNDRED.— Six  score. 

"  Five  scoare's  a  hundred 

Of  men,  money,  and  pins ; 
Six  scoare's  a  hundred 

Of  all  other  things." 

Cf  mpare  with  this  "  Eine  Riibe  ist  keine  ;  zwei  sind  Eine ;  Drei  ist  ein 
Riibendieb,"  Maurer,  Dorfveyfassung,  vol.  i.,  p.  330.  It  alludes  to  the 
right  of  wayfarers  to  gather  fruit,  &c.,  as  they  pass  along. 

LONG  LIFE.— A  pigs  spleen. 

LONG  ON,  prep.— On  account  of. 

It  was  all  long  on  her  that  I  lost  my  plaace. 
"  And  when  I  lay  in  dungeon  dark 

Of  Naworth  Castle,  long  months  three, 
Till  ransom'd  for  a  thousand  mark, 
Dark  Musgrave  it  was  long  of  thee." 

Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel,  c.  v.,  St.  xxix, 

LONG  RUN.— The  end, 

Leein  maay  do  for  a  bit,  bud  it  '11  let  a  man  doon  e1  th'  long  run* 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  381 

LONG-SETTLE,  LONG  SADDLE.— A  long  wooden  Fe.it 
with  back  and  arms  like  a  sofa,  once  common,  and  still 
sometimes  to  be  found,  in  public-houses  and  farm-house 
kitchens. 

LONG-SLEEVE  HAT.— A  tall  hat. 

LONG-TONGUE.— (i)  A  tale-bearer. 
(2)  A  pigs  spleen. 

LONG-TOWEL. — A  jack-towel,  an  endless  towel  on  a  roller. 

LONG  WAYS. — I  don't  think  much  to  her  muther,  but  she's  a 
long-waays  better  then  her. — July  23,  1886. 

LONG  WAYS  ON,  phr. — Sharp  ;  quick  ;  precocious. 

LONG-WINDED. — Dilatory  in  making  payments. 

He's  a  straange  long-winded  gentlem'n  ;  he'll  tak  two  or  maaybe  three 
year  credit,  an'  then  at  last  of  all  it's  like  drawin'  a  fast  duble  tooth  to 
bring  him  to  book. 

LONKERED.— Entangled;  twisted;  matted. 

Oh,  my  lass,  if  thoo  nobbut  seed  thy  hair,  it's  that  lonkered. 
This  band's  gotten  lonker'd  soa  as  I  can  mak  noht  at  all  on  it. 
Hairiff  lonkers  corn  wo's  then  oht. 

LOO,  inter] . — Word  used  in  setting  a  dog  upon  anything. 

Farmer's  Wife  :  Was  it  thoo  that  set  Nell  on  them  theare  chickins  ? 
Child :  Noa,  muther,  I  nobbut  clap't  my  ban's  and  said  loo  ! 

LOOK  FOR.— (i)  A  person  is  said  to  look  for  anything  (almost 
always  something  evil)  when  his  conduct  is  such  as  to 
ensure  its  coming  upon  him. 

He's  gotten  taa'en  care  on  at  Ketton  at  last ;  he's  been  lookin*  for 
it  a  long  time. 

(2)  To  watch  for,  hope  for,  anticipate. 

I've  been  loo  kin'  for  raain  for  a  long  while,  an'  at  last  it's  cum'd. 

LOOK  SLIPPY,  interj.— Make  haste  !     Go  quick  ! 
All  th'  kye  is  e'  th'  gardin',  look  slippy  an'  dog  'em  oot. 

LOONGING  (g  soft),  adj.— Lounging. 

Thoo  knaw'd  th'  coo  wo'dn't  gie  noii  milk,  when  thoo  sell'd  her  me 
thoo  loongin'  theaf. 

LOP.— A  flea.     See  LIFT. 

LOP,  v.— To  pick  off  fleas. 

Ugh,  thoo  good-fer-noht ;  goa  hoame  an'  lop  th'  cat. 

LOPPER,  v.— To  curdle  ;  to  coagulate. 

Th1  milk  was  all  lopper'd  wi'  th'  thunnen— July  22,  1876, 


332  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

LORDS  AND  LADIES.— The  arum  maculatum. 

' '  Ladies  and  Lords ; 

So  name  the  rural  folk  the  speckled  cowls, 
That  sheath  the  tender  arum." 

James  Hurdis,  The  Favourite  Village,  1800,  p.  137. 

LORDSHIP. — Properly  signifies  a  manor,  but  is  often  used  to 
signify  parish  or  township. 

A  Northorpe  lady  said  :  "  I  am  sure  no  one  of  that  name  ever  lived  in 
this  lordship  since  I  was  a  little  girl."  Nearly  the  whole  of  Northorpe 
is  a  member  of  the  great  manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

LOSS,  v.— To  lose. 

Noo  then,  Bill,  sitha  here,  here's  a  knife  for  the,  thoo  moant  loss 
it,  mind  that. 

If  ta  losses  this  here  good  handketcher,  I'll  niver  gie  the  anuther  as 
long  as  iver  I  live. 

LOST  E'  MUCK. — Sometimes  7os£only;    said  of  a  person  or 
thing  in  a  very  dirty  condition. 

When  I  com'  hoam  th'  whoale  hoose  was  lost  e'  muck. 
Bless  the,  bairn  !    why,,  thoos  clear  lost;  thoo  looks  as  if  ta'd  been 
buried  i1  a  muck-hill. 

LOT. — (i)  An  indefinite  quantity. 

We've  a  goodish  lot  o1  apples  to-year,  but  noht  like  what  we  hed  last- 
It'll  be  a  lot  better  to  sattle  atweiin  wer  sens  noo,  then  to  goa  to  th' 
coonty-coort. 

She's  a  lot  warse  noo  this  cohd,  ask  weather's  cum'd. 

(2)  A  certain  defined  portion  of  a  drain  or  bank  which  is  kept 
in  repair  by  one  person  or  parish. 

"The  Willowbeck  &  lotts  leading  to  the  sewer  aforesaid  shall  be 
sufficiently  ditched." — Inquisition  of  Sewers,  1583,  p.  n. 

LOUT. — (i)  A  heavy  clumsy  person. 

(2)  One  who  has  bad  and  coarse  manners. 

(3)  A  blow. 

I  fetch'd  him  a  lout  upo1  th'  side  o'  th'  head. 

LOUTER. — (i)  The  number  of  eggs  which  a  hen  lays  before 

she  desires  to  sit. 

(2)  A  great  quantity  of  anything,  more  than  was  expected  or 
hoped  for. 

"Jackson's  sell'd  a  straange  louter  o'  them  theare  books  already." — 
July  24,  1886. 

LOUTING.— A  thrashing. 

Sexton  :  Sum  lads  is  cobblin'  at  th'  chesnuts  up  o'  th'  trea  by  th' 
chech-yard  gate. 

E.  P. :  Go  tell  'em  then  I'm  cumin'  wi1  a  stick  to  give  'em  a  good 
loutin\ 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  333 

LOVE  BEGOT,  LOVE  BIRD,  LOVE  CHILD.— One  born 
out  of  legal  wedlock. 

"A  bastard." — Cf.  Trench,  On  the  Study  of  Words,  second  edition, 
p.  49 ;  Don  Juan,  canto  vi.,  st.  xciv.  ;  Rye,  Hist,  of  Norfolk,  p.  233. 

'LOWANCE. — (i)  Allowance,  i.e.,  beer  allowed  to  workmen. 

(2)  Beer  generally. 

"  He's  hed  his  'lowance,"  said  of  one  who  is  rather  tipsy. 

LOW-BELL. — A   bell   used   for   netting   partridges   at   night 
(obsolete). 

"  Your  Low-Bell,  which  is  a  bell  of  such  reasonable  size  as  a  man 
may  well  carry  in  one  hand,  and  haueing  a  deepe,  hollow,  and  sad 
sound." — Gervase  Markham,  Hunger's  Prevention,  p.  93.  Cf.  Archaologia, 
vol.  xv.,  p.  162.  Ralf  Skirlaugh,  vol.  i.,  p.  237. 

LOW-LIVED,  LOW-LIVERLY.— Of  base  propensity. 

He's  a  real  low-lived  chap,  fit  for  noht  at  all  but  drinkin'  an'  swaggerin 
aboot  his  brass. 

He  cares  for  noht  bud  sittin'  talkin'  to  low-liverly  chaps  e'  th'  corner 
o'  th'  Fo'nis-Arms  kitchin. 

LOW-TOWNS.— The  villages  on  the  side  of  the  range  of  hills 
called  the  Wolds.     Ferriby  and  Horkstow,  for  example. 

LOZENGE. — A   lollipop  ;    sweetmeat   made   of   treacle,  &c., 
whether  in  the  form  of  lozenges,  lumps,  or  sticks. 

LUBBER.— (i)  A  blockhead. 
(2)  One  who  is  clumsy. 

LUCK-MONEY,    EARNEST -MONEY.  — Money    given    to 
fasten  a  bargain. 

LUDDINGTON. 

."  Luddington  poor  people, 

With  a  stoan  chech  an'  a  wooden  steeple." 

The  stone  church  and  wooden  steeple  have  been  replaced  by  a  modern 
structure. 

LUDLAM'S   DOG.— "As  laazy  as  Ludlam's  dog  that    lean'd 
his  sen  agean  a  door  to  bark." 

LUG.— (i)  The  ear. 

(2)  The  ear  of  a  mug  or  pitcher. 

"  On  the  neck  are  two  small  lugs." — Stamford  Mercury,  Aug.  16,  1878. 

LUG,  v. — To  pull,  haul,  drag  along,  or  carry. 

He'd  gotten  sich  an'  a  load  e'  th'  cart,  that  th'  herse  could  scarce 
lug  it. 

I  lugg'd  him  on  by  th'  airm. 
Doan't  lug  my  hair  like  that. 


334  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

"If  you  offer  to  step  but  one  step  out  of  the  door  you're  lugg'd  back 
again  just  like  a  criminal  that  had  poison'd  her  father." — N.  Bailey, 
Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725  ;  p.  152. 

"  And  you,  poor  ragged  outcasts  of  the  land, 
That  lug  your  shifting  camps  from  green  to  green." 

John  Clare,  The  Village  Minstrel. 

LUGGERY-BITE.— A  game  boys  play  with  fruit. 

"  One  bites  the  fruit  and  another  pulls  his  hair,  until  he  throws  the 
fruit  away." — Brogden,  Line.  Prov.  Words.  See  LUG-AND-A-BITE  in 
Halliwell's  Diet. 

LUMBERED  UP. — A  room  or  yard  is  said  to  be  lumbered  up 
when  it  is  overcrowded  with  furniture  or  implements. 

Deary  me,  we  are  lumber  d  up ;  one  wo'd  think  we  was  gooin'  to  hev 
an  auction  saale. 

LUMBERING.— A  beating. 

LUMBERSOME,  adj. — Lumbering,  awkward,  clumsy,  heavy. 

I  reckon  'at  drivin'  staakes  wi'  mells  i'to  staaithes  is  as  lumbersum  a 
job  as  ther'  is  for  a  man ;  it  shaks  his  airms  so  bad. 
Lasses  is  cumbersum, 
Lads  is  lumbersum. 

LUMMING.— A  beating. 

"  Noo,  then,  if  thoo  doant  pick  up  that  theare  taw  an'  walk  thy 
chalks  I'll  gie  the  a  lumming." — Keadby,  1877. 

LUMPER. — A  man  who  helps  to  unload  timber  ships.  So 
called  because  such  workmen  take  their  jobs  by  the  lump. 

LUMPHEAD.— A  blockhead. 

"  What  a  lumphead  thoo  is,  sewerly." — Epworth,  1866. 

LUMPING,  adj.— Great. 

She's  a  great  hewge  him  pin'  woman. 

"  A.  lumping  penniworth  ;  vilissimo  pretio  emptus." — Ainsworth,  Lat. 
Diet.,  1783. 

LUMP  IT. — "  If  you  doant  like  it  you  maay  lump  it  as  dogs  duz 
dumpling,"  is  said  to  a  person  who  is  compelled  against 
his  will  to  do  some  very  disagreeable  thing. 

LUNCH,  LUNCHEON.— A  large  slice  of  bread. 

LUNGIOUS,  adj. — Rough,  violent,  broad-built,  strong,  heavy. 

A  little  chap  like  him  hed  no  chanch  wi'  a  great  lungious  fella1  like 
that. 

Them  stoans  at  th'  drean  head  is  lungious  things  to  lift. 
It's  lungious  cohd  this  mornin'  wi'  this  here  black  east  wind, 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  835 

LUNKERED,  adj.— Tangled,  said  of  the  hair. 
LUNNUN  (lurrun).— London. 

LUSK. — An  idle  worthless  fellow  (obsolete). 

1  What  thou  great  luske  .  .  .  art  them  so  farre  spent  that  thou 
hast  no  hope  to  recover." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  113. 

"  I  cannot  sufficiently  maruile  whither  that  idle  luske  could  goe 
farre  hence." — Ibid,  141. 

LUTHA,  inter/.— Look  thou  ! 
she's  off. 


836  MANLBY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 


M 


MAAKE,  v. — To  make. 


MACADAM. — Granite  broken  small,  used  for  mending  roads 
(modern). 

MAD,  adj. — Angry. 

MADE  GROUND,  MADE  EARTH,  MADE  LAND.— Soil 
that  has  been  disturbed  by  digging  or  ploughing  as 
distinguished  from  the  undisturbed  subsoil. 

It's  maade  land  foher    foot    deap    e'    oor   gardin ! — Cf.    Leicestersh. 
Gloss.  E.D.S. 

MADE  HEDGE.— A  dead  hedge  (q.v.) 

"  How  comes  it  that  all  your  made  hedges  are  green  too  ?  " — Sir  Roger 
L'Estrange,  Select  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1711,  p.  76. 

MADE  WINE.— Home  made  wine. 

MAFFLED.— (i)  Puzzled. 

(2)  Slightly  insane. 

She's  not  craazy  but  just  majfled  like. 

"  She  was  what  they  call  in  the  country  maffled,  that  is  confused  in 
her  intellect,  1820." — Southey's  Lett.,  Ed.  by].  W.  Warier,  vol.  iii.,  p.  186. 

MAGGOT. — A  whim  ;  a  fancy. 

"There  comes  a  maggot  into  his  head  to  turn  padder." — Abraham  de 
la  Prymes  Diary,  p.  76. 

MAGGOT  HEADED,  adj.— Whimsical ;  fanciful. 

MAIDEN  ASH. — An  ash  of  the  first  growth,  i.e.,  one  raised 
from  seed,  not  one  that  has  grown  from  the  '  stool '  where 
a  former  tree  has  been  felled. 

MAIDEN'S  LIGHT.— A  light  so  named  was  burnt,  before  the 
change  of  religion,  in  the  Church  of  Winterton. 

"  Item  the  Jewes  light,  the  pascall  post,  the  sepulcre,  the  Maydens 
lighte  were  burned  in  the  Anno  2,  Eliz." — Line.  Ch.  Furniture ,  p,  164. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  837 

MAIN,  adj. — Very  much  ;  very  greatly. 

I'm  maain  tired  o"  this  huncht  weather. — Bottesford,  June  21,  1888. 
I   should  maain  like  to  goa  to  Lunnun  if  it  was  nobbut  to  sea  th' 
Queen. 

MAISTER  (maist-ur).— (i)  A  master. 

(2)  A  husband. 

A  lady  who  was  born  and  brought  up  in  a  south-western  shire 
married  a  clergyman  who  had  a  living  in  this  neighbourhood.  One 
day  a  poor  woman  met  her  in  the  village  and  asked  her  if  her  maister 
was  at  home.  At  first  she  did  not  understand  who  was  meant,  when 
she  arrived  at  the  conclusion  that  it  was  the  parson  who  was  enquired 
after  she  supposed  that  the  woman  had  made  a  mistake  and  taken  her 
for  one  of  the  servants  at  the  rectory. 

"  My  master  is  much  concerned  that  he  was  so  unhappy  as  to  miss  of 
seeing  you  at  Epworth."—  Susanna  Wesley,  1709,  in  Peck's  Axholmc, 
p.  206. 

MAISTER  BEAST.— The  most  powerful  beast  in  a  herd,  and, 
therefore,  figuratively,  the  most  influential  man  in  a 
community,  or  the  victor  in  a  game  or  a  lawsuit. 

He's  th'  maister  beast  at  ...  Iv'ry  body  but  one  or  two  e'  th1 
parish  is  sewer  to  voate  that  way  he  tells  'em. — July,  1886. 

Most  foaks  said  as  B  ...  'ud  win,  but  I  alus  said  as  we  should 
prove  th'  maister  beasts  e'  th'  long  run. 

MAK,  v. — To  make. 

MAKE,  MAK,  v.— (i)  To  compel. 

If  thoo  says  thoo  weant,  I'll  maake  the. 

(2)  To  earn. 

He  can  mak  foher  shillin'  a  daay  at  bankin'. 

(3)  To  fasten  a  gate  or  door. 

Mak  th'  yate  efter  the,  or  th1  pigs  '11  be  'th  gardin'. 

MAKE  AWAY  WITH,  phr.—To  destroy. 

My  maister  hed  a  leather  pitcher  mounted  wi'  silver,  bud  he  toare  th' 
bindin'  off,  an'  maade  awaay  wi'  it." — Clarke,  Ashby,  1850. 
A  person  who  takes  his  own  life  is  said  to  maake  awaay  wi'  his  sen. 

MAKE  BOLD,  v.— To  presume. 

I've  maade  bold  to  ride  doon  your  bank,  wi'  oot  axin'. 

MAKE  COUNT  ON,  v.— To  reckon  upon. 

I  alus  mek  coontonhevin'  sixty  seeks  o'  flewkes  an  aacre  to  sell,  but  if 
I've  twenty  t'  year  that's  what. 

MAKE  ON,  v. — To  make  much  of. 

That  theare  little  dog  wo'dn't  run  efter  you  as  he  duz,  if  you  didn't 
mak  on  him  as  you  do.— May,  1877. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

MAKES  AND  SHAPES.— "  It's  all  intakes  and  shaapes,"  said  of 
anything  which  is  very  irregular,  ill  or  strangely  formed. 
Londoner  :  What  is  a  reaping-machine  like  ?     I  never  saw  one. 
Lincolnshire  Labourer  :  Why,  if  thoo  hes  n't  scan  one  I  can't  tell  the, 
for  it's  all  maakes  an'  shaapes. 

MAKE  SHIFT.— A  substitute. 

"  Well,  this  here  bottled  stuff  is  n't  a  bad  maake-shift,  but  it's  not  like 
beer  oot  'n  a  barril. 

MAKE  UP,  v.— (i)  To  fasten  up.     To  shut  up. 
Maake  up  that  dog,  or  he'll  be  runnin'  awaay  agean. 
If  hens  is  n't  maade  up  thaay  pick  ivery  berry  off  bushes. 

(2)  To   make   up   a  horse   is  to   get   the   animal   into   good 
condition  for  selling. 

Sam's  gone  to  John  Skill's  agean  to  mak  up  his  herses  fer  Lincoln 
fair. 

MAKE  UP  TO.— (i)  To  court;  to  make  love  to. 

Mother  :  Uriah's  coortin'  oor  Cordelia,  an'  I  niver  seed  noa  two  foaks 
goa  on  soa  soft  e"  all  my  born  daays. 

Grandmother  :  Noa  moore  did  I  my  sen,  niver  bud  once,  an'  that  was 
when  thy  husband  was  a  maakm'  np  to  thee.  Why,  that  cohd  Christmas 
Have,  when  bods  was  frozzen  fast  up  o'  th'  trea  bews,  I  fun  thee  an' 
Sam  stannin1  wi'  oot  a  bit  o'  yer  heads  e'  kitchen  poarch ;  soanoo  then, 
thoo  nead  n't  be  so  hard  o'  th'  bairns. 

(2)  To  flatter  ;  to  endeavour  to  please  for  a  selfish  motive. 

MAKE  WARK.— To  do  damage. 

Them  pigs  o'  thine  hes  maade  wark  among  my  taaties. 

MALANCHOLY,  ^'.—Melancholy. 

MALICE,  v. — To  bear  malice. 

Thaay  saay  he's  malic 'd  him  for  years. 

"  I  know  that  he  maliced  me." — John  Shaw's  Diary  (Surtees  Soc.), 
P-  153- 

MALICEFUL.— Malicious. 

"  She's  quick  in  her  tempers  an"  hes  getten  a  foul  tongue,  but  she's 
no  ways  maliceful  or  she  would  n't  do  as  she  hes." — Kirton-in-Lindsey, 
1853- 

MALT-COMB. — The  dried  sprouts  of  malt ;  often  used  as 
sheep  food.  It  is  also  used  to  pack  bacon  in  for  the 
purpose  of  keeping  flies  away  from  it. 

MALT-QUEARNS  (mault-kwi-h'rnz),  s.  pl.—(i)  Stones  for 
grinding  malt. 

(2)  A  mill  with  steel  crushers  for  the  same  purpose. 
MAMMY. — A  child's  word  for  mother. 


•MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  889 

MANAGEMENT. — Yard  manure,  as  distinguished  from  guano 
and  artificial  manures. 

"  It  was  n't  that  boht  stuff  fra  Lunnun,  it  was  th'  manigement  he  put 
in  'at  maade  his  taaties  graw." — Yaddlethorpe,  1874. 

MAN  ALIVE,  phr. — Exclamation  of  surprise. 

Man  alive !  what  are  you  talkin'  on  ;  there  is  n't  sich  an'  a  thing  as 
boggards  an1  witchin1  noo-a-daays. 

MAND,  MAUND.— A  basket  (obsolescent). 

I  remember  very  well  as  Mrs.  Ashton,  o'  Nothrup  Hall,  alust  call'd 
a  long  narra'  baskit  a  maund. 

"  For  a  mand  ffor  hallybred  ijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1546. 

MANDER  (mand-ur). — Manner,  kind. 

I  could  n't  think  what  mander  o'  thing  it  was  cumin'  when  fo'st  I 
seed  a  traction  engine. 

MANDRAKE. — Quacks  profess  to  sell  something  which  they 
call  "  the  true  mandrake."  They  tell  their  dupes  that  it  is  a 
specific  for  causing  women  to  conceive.  In  England  it  is 
almost  always  the  white  bryony,  Bryonia  dioica.  Cf.  Gerard's 
Herbal,  1636,  p.  351.  Geo.  Smith,  Assyrian  Discoveries,  1873-4, 
p.  161.  Hen.  Phillips,  Flora  Historica,  1829,  vol.  i.,  p.  324. 
Gent.  Mag.,  1857,  vol.  ii.,  p.  597.  Le  Brun,  Sup.  Anc.  & 
Mod.,  vol.  i.,  p.  116,  b.  Romeo  and  Juliet,  Act  iv.,  sc.  iii. 
Webster,  Duchess  of  Malfi,  Act.  ii.,  sc.  v. 

MANG,  v. — To  mangle  ;  to  break  in  pieces. 
MANGLES,  s.  //.—Mangold  wurzel. 

MANGMENT. — Anything  mangled  or  broken  in  pieces. 

What   an'  a  mangment   ther'  was  when  H     .     .     .  's  pot-cart  was 
fling'd  oner  up  o'  Mottle  Esh  Hill. 

MANGY  (main-ji). — (i)  Having  the  mange. 
(2)  111  conditioned;  dirty;  foul. 

MAN-HOLE. — A  small  hole  in  a  wall,  floor,  or  roof,  for  a  man 
to  get  through. 

"  One  of  our  men    .    .    .  was  about  to  descend  through  a  man-hole." — 
Lteds  Merc.,  July  i,  i8S5,  p.  3,  col.  iii. 

MANIFOLD. — The  stomach;  the  bowels  of  man  and  the 
lower  animals. 

MAN-KEEN,  MAN-FOND,  adj.—  Libidinosa.  See  FELLOW- 
FOND. 


840  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

MANNER. — Yard  manure  as  distinguished  from  artificial 
manures. 

A  lady  of  this  neighbourhood  read  aloud  to  her  children,  Farrar's  St. 
Winifred's,  in  which  occurs  some  verses  containing  the  couplet  : — 
"  Where  the  angels  shout  Hosanna, 

Where  the  ground  is  dewed  with  manna." — Ed.  vi.,  p.  228. 
The  children  better  acquainted  with  rural  affairs  than  with  Israel's 
desert  wanderings,  roared  with  laughter.    On  inquiry  it  was  discovered 
that  the  word  manna  conveyed  to  them  the  idea  of  manure  only. 

"  We  do  lay  on  payne  that  no  inhabitant  shall  bring  his  manner  into 
the  streete." — Gainsburgh  Town  Records,  1661,  in  Stark's  Hist.  p.  261. 

MANNER-HILL.— A  dung-hill. 

MANNERS. — Behaviour,  conduct,  deportment. 

"  Thoo  mun  leave  a  bit  for  manners'  saake,"  said  to  a  greedy  child. 
"  Noo  then,  bairn,  wheare's  thy  manners"  said  by  a  parent  to  a  child 
who  neglects  to  make  a  bow  or  curtsey  to  the  squire  or  the  parson. 

MANTY-MAKER. — A  mantua-maker,  a  dress-maker. 
MAN  WI'  TH'  RED  COLLAR.— A  sheriff's  officer. 
MARCHANT.— A  merchant. 

MARCHET,  MERCHET.— A  tax  paid  by  bondmen  and 
manorial  tenants,  .who  were  not  free,  on  giving  their 
daughters  in  marriage  (obsolete). 

Marchets  are  mentioned  among  other  rights  conveyed  in  a  lease  of 
the  Manor  of  Scotter  in  1537;  an^  in  the  Court  Roll  of  that  Manor 
for  1519  we  find  Alice  Overye  "  filid  Willielm's  Overy  nativi  domini," 
seeking  licence  from  the  lord  "  spontanie  &  voluntarie  maritari," 
which  she  received  "  &  dat  domino  de  marcheta  ut  in  capite,1'  i.e.,  five 
shillings. 

"  So  much  nonsense  has  been  written  by  grave  and  learned  persons 
on  the  sublect  of  the  '  mercheta  mulierum  '  that  it  is  not  out  of  place 
here  to  state  that  it  was  merely  a  marriage  tax  paid  to  the  lord  by  a 
bond-woman  to  compensate  the  lord  for  the  loss  of  her  services." — See 
Spelman  and  Cowell's,  Glossaries  sub  voc. ;  Blackstone,  Commentaries, 
xvi.  ed.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  83  ;  Cosmo  Innes,  Scotch  Legal  Antiquities,  p.  53  ; 
Archaologia,  vol.  xii.,  p.  34;  Elton,  Orig.  of  Eng.  Hist.,  pp.  87,  404 . 
Dawson,  Hist.  Skipton,  p.  12;  Rep.  Hist.  MSS.,  Com.,  vii.  585  i,  viii., 
632  i ;  Lees,  Paisley,  p.  165  ;  Th.  Brown's  Works,  vol.  iv.,  p.  174. 

"  The  fable  is  fully  exposed  in  the  Jus  Primes  Noctis  :  erne  geschichtliche 
Untersuchung"  of  Dr.  Karl  Von  Schmidt. 

MARCY  (maarsi).— Mercy. 

MARFUR  (maarfur). — A  mure-furrow  (q.v.) 

MARKET.— (i)  "He's  ta'en  his  cattle  to  a  good  or  a  bad 
market  "  said  of  one  who  has  been  successful  or  the  reverse 
in  some  undertaking. 

(2)  "  He's  made  his  market,"  said  of  one  who  has  recently  got 
married. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WOFDS.  841 

MARKET-STEAD.— A  market-place. 

"  A  certaine  friend  of  mine  brought  mee  erewhile  from  the  marked 
stead  hither." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  289.  —  Cf.  North  Riding  Record, 
Soc.  iii.,  270. 

MARKET-STUFF.— (i)  Anything  that  is  sold  in  a  market  in 
bulk,  not  by  sample,  but  more  especially  vegetables. 

(2)  The  larger  potatoes,  when  they  have  been  sorted  for 
market,  by  having  the  chats  (q.v.)  picked  out  from  among 
them. 

MARL. — (j)   This  word  here  means  chalk;  in  other  districts  I 
am  informed  that  it  signifies  hard  clay.     The  properties  of 
marl  as  a  fertilizer  are  thus  set  forth  in  rhyme : 
"  If  you  marl  land  you  may  buy  land ; 
If  you  marl  moss  there  is  no  loss ; 
If  you  marl  clay  you  fling  all  away." 

(2)  Tarred  string. 

MARL,  v. — To  put  marl  upon  land.  Marl  was  used  by  Lord 
Berkeley,  "  for  the  betteringe  of  his  grounds  in  the  Manor 
of  Alkington,  in  the  fortieth  year  of  Henry  III." — Smyth, 
Lives  of  the  Berkeleys,  vol.  i.,  p.  141.  This  is  the  earliest 
instance  I  have  met  with  of  marl  used  as  a  fertilizer. 
Marteria,  a  marl-pit  occurs,  circa  1270. — W.  D.  Macray, 
Muniments  of  St.  Mary  Magd.  Coll.,  Oxford,  141. 

MARLOCK. — A  game  of  romps. 
MARNUM  HOLE.— The  south  west. 

Marnum  Hodle  is  generally  used  in  relation  to  rain. 

We  hev  n't  dun  vvi'  doonfall  yit,  th'  wind's  gotten  i'to  Marnum  Hodle 
agean. 

The  allusion  is  probably  to  the  village,  Marnham,  in  Nottinghamshire, 
near  Tuxford.  People  at  Brigg  speak  of  Ketton  (Kirton-in-Lindsey) 
Hodle,  and  at  East  Halton  of  Wrawby  Hodle  in  a  similar  manner. 

In  Leyland  hundred  in  Lancashire  "  Bosco  Hole"  is  spoken  of  in 
exactly  the  same  way,  and  Burscough,  the  place  intended  also  lies  to 
the  south-west. — Notes  and  Queries,  Fourth  Series,  vol.  v.,  p.  432. 

MARQUERRY.— (i)  Arsenic;  lit.  mercury. 

I  alus  dress  my  sead  wheat  wi'  marquerry ;  its  best  thing  ther'  is 
agean  th'  smut. 

(2)  Mercury  Chenof  odium  bonus  henricus.  It  is  boiled  and  eaten 
like  spinage. 

MARRIAGE  LINES. — A  marriage  certificate. 

MARSH. — Low    land    commonly  skirting  the  boundary  of   a 

parish. 
D 


842  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

^  In  1562  the  Manor  Court  of  Bottesford  forbad  under  penalty  of 
iiis-  iiijd.  any  one  to  keep  his  sheep  "infra  communem  pasturam 
vocatam  lee  marshe,  preterquam  signatur  cum  metis." 

This  marsh  yet  bears  the  old  name,  though  now  enclosed  ;  it  is  on  the 
extreme  south  of  the  parish  immediately  adjoining  Bottesford  Beck, 
which  is  the  boundary  between  that  parish  and  Messingham.  Since  the 
first  edition  of  this  work  was  published  I  have  come  to  the  conclusion 
that  our  people  do  not  use  the  word  marsh  to  signify  low  land,  which  is 
at  times  flooded  by  water.  The  idea  of  a  boundary  seems  always  to 
be  conveyed  by  it. 

MART. — A  fair  held  at  Gainsburgh  on  the  gth  of  October,  and 

the  Monday  in  Easter-week. — Stark,  Hist.  Gainsl.,  p.  100. 

"A  mart  is  a  great  fair  holden  every  year,  derived  a  merce,  because 

merchanises  and    wares    are  thither    abundantly    brought." —  Coke, 

Institutes,  1681,  part  ii.,  p.  221. 

MARTLEMAS.— Martinmas;  the  feast  of  St.  Martin,  Nov. 
ii.  Old  Martinmas  Day,  the  231: J  of  November,  is  the 
time  commonly  observed  by  the  people,  and  is  the  day  on 
which  new  servants  come  to  their  places  in  the  Isle  of 
Axholme. 

MARVIL.— (i)  Marble. 

(2)  A  marble  with  which  children  play. 

MARY  AND  JOSEPH.— Garden  forget-me-not. 
MARYGOHD.— Marigold. 

MASH,  MAS',  v.— To  smash,  to  break. 

I'd  once  a  craate  o'  pots  all  mas'd  to  peaces  e'  gettin'  off  o'  th'  packit. 

MASH,  v. — To  pour  a  little  water  on  tea-leaves,  so  as  to  expand 
them  "  and  fetch  the  goodness  out,"  before  filling  the  tea- 
pot up  with  water. 

MASH-FAT,  MASH-TUB.— A  brewing-tub. 

"A  lead,  a  mashe-fatt,  a  gyl-fatt,  with  a  sooe,  xvs.  " — Inventory  of 
Roland  Staveky,  of  Gainsburgh,  1551. 

MASKER,  v.— To  decay;  to  rust. 

Th'  sap  of  oak  soon  maskers  all  awaay  to  noht. 

Them  ohd  iron  spoots  is  that  masker'd  thaay  weant  hohd  waiter  at  all. 

MASLIN,  MESLIN.— Blendcorn ;  wheat  and  rye  mixed 
(obsolescent). 

"  Item,  12  quarters  of  malt  or  thereaboutes  with  2  quarters  of  mashlin, 
XVH — Inventory  of  Thomas  Teanby,  of  Barton-upon-Humber,  1652,  in  Gent. 
Mag.,  1861.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  506. 

"A  strike  of  Maslin,  35." — Northorpe  Ace.,  Aug.  2,  1730. 
The  word  is  still  used  in  West    Somerset.      See  F.  T.  Elworthy, 
West  Som.  Word  Book. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  843 

MASONER.— A  mason. 

Them  Smiths  hes  been  maas'ners  hereaboots  for  oher  a  hunderd  year 
whativer  moore. 

MASSY  (mas-i). — Mercy.     See  MARCY. 

MASSY  'PON  US  ALL,  i.e.,  (Lord  have)  mercy  upon  us  all; 
an  exclamation  of  grief. 

MASTER.— Husband.     See  MAISTER. 

MATLER. — Match,  form,  similitude. 

Thaay're  the  very  matter  o'  one  anuther,  as  like  as  two  peys. 
"  One  a'  kill'd  but  yesterday  an'  its  mattler  the  day  afoor." — Samuel 
Wills,  The  Lincolnshire  Labourer. 

MATTER.— An  uncertain  number. 

I  doan't  knaw  how  many  ther'  was,  maaybe  a  matter  of  two  scoare. 

MATTER,  v.—To  like,  to  approve. 

"  Steam  cultivaators  is  all  very  well  for  th'  hill-side,  bud  I  matter 
'em  noht  for  law-land." — 1876. 

MATTERLESS,  adj. — Of  no  consequence. 

"  It's  matterless  which  waay  you  tak'  th'  watter,  for  be  it  how  it  maay 
my  land  is  alust  flooded." — Burringham,  Geo.  Oates,  December  10,  1875. 

MATTERS,  NO. — (i)  Poorly,  in  bad  condition  of  mind,  body, 
or  estate. 

A  :  "  How's  Mary  to-day,  John  ?  " 

13  :  "  Thank  ye,  m'm,  she's  nod  matters.1' 

(2)  Few. 

A  :  "  How  are  you  off  for  gooseberries  this  year  ?  "_ 
B  :  We've  nod  matters,  I  niver  seed  so  few." 

(3)  No  great  matters,  i.e.,  nothing  out  of  the  common  way. 

Thaay've  built  a  new  chech  at  Borringham,  bud  it's  nod  great  matters 
to  look  at. 

MATTLED,  a**;.— Mottled. 

MATTOCK. — An  instrument  similar  to  a  pick,  but  with  one  of 
its  ends  formed  like  an  axe  or  adze,  used  for  stubbing 
hedges  and  the  roots  of  trees. 

MAUDLINS. — A  disease  in  the  hoofs  of  horned  cattle. 

MAUGER,  MAUGRE,^/.— In  spite  of. 

"Theiire's  a  right  of  waay  by  the  Milner's  Trod,  and  I'll  goa  by  it 
when  I  want,  manger  the  teath  of  all  th'  lords  and  squire's  i' 
Linkisheer ." — 1 853 . 

"William  Tyrwhytt  saed,  nay,  yt  ys  my  rowme,  and  I  wyll  haue  yt 
mawgry  of  thy  hede." — Lincolnsh.  Star  Chamber  Proceedings,  temp.  Henry 
VIII.,  in  Pro.  Soc.  Ant.,  second  series,  vol.  iv.,  p.  321. 


844  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

"  You  haue  got  you  a  house  and  wife  &  children  and  all  mattgre  your 
father's  heart."— Bernard,  Terence,  p.  84  ;  Cf.  Twelfth  Night,  Act  iii., 
sc.  i ;  Faerie  Qnecne,  iii.  5,  vii.,  v.  i.,  xxix.,  vi.  4  xl.  ;  Havdoh,  11.  1128, 
1789. 

MAUL. — (i)  A  heavy  wooden  mallet. 
(2)  The  mallow. 

MAUL,  v. — To  beat,  to  bruise. 

He  got  agaate  o'  feightin'  at  th'  Blew  Bell  at  Scunthrup,  an'  th 
iron-stoane  men  maul'd  him  sorely. 

MAUND.— See  MAND. 

MAUNDER,  v. — To  mutter,  to  complain  with  querulous 
iteration. 

"  He's  been  maunderin'  all  the  mornin'  aboot  sum'ats  'at  happen'd 
twenty  year  sin'." — Cf.  Antiquary,  ch.  xxii. 

MAUNDRIL. — A  plug  inserted  in  a  hollow  piece  of  wood, 
which  has  to  be  turned  in  a  lathe,  in  order  to  connect  it 
with  the  revolving  part  of  the  machine. — See  Notes  and 
Queries,  fifth  series,  vol.  ix.,  p.  116. 

MAUNGE. — The  mange;  a  disease  in  dogs. 
MAUNGER.— A  manger. 

MAW  (mau),  v. — To  mow. 

"  You'll  hev  to  gie  five  shillin1  a  aacre  for  th'  seads-cloase 
mawin." — July,  1875. 

"  Payd  for  mawyng  of  ]>e  kerkgar]>es  xvjd.  and  makyng  of  saym  vijd." — 
Circa  1520  ;  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  p.  14. 

MAWK  (mauk). — A  maggot. 

He  looks  as  white  as  a  mawk,  said  of  anyone  who  is  unhealthily 
pale. 

She  was  that  mucky  she  niver  reightled  oot  her  hair  fra  one 
munth  end  till  anuther,  an'  e'  them  daays  women  wore  poother,  so  e' 
summer-time  it  ewsed  to  get  full  o'  grut  hewge  mawks. — Cf.  Icel., 
madkr,  a  maggot,  a  grub. 

MAWK-FLY.— A  blue-bottle  fly. 

MAWKIN  (mauk'in). — A  scarecrow  ;  an  effigy  of  a  man  or 
woman,  made  of  old  clothes  stuffed  with  straw,  put  up  in 
fields  to  scare  birds. 

He's  moore  like  a  mawkin  then  a  man. — November  7,  1874. 
"  What  thou  luske  dost  thou  thinke  to  fight  with  a  mauhin  that  thou 
bringest  it  hither  ?  " — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  150. 

MAWMY  (maunri),  adj. — (i)  Vapid,  tasteless;  applied  to  meat, 

fruit,  &c. 

(2)  Warm  and  damp,  applied  to  the  weather. 
It  was  that  cloiis  an1  mawmy  it  maade  me  real  badly. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  345 

MAWPING    (maup.in),    adj. — Moping,  suffering  from   melan- 
choly. 

MA  WPS  (maups). — A  silly  person. 

MAY. — The   month  of  May,  concerning   which   we   have  the 
following  jingle  : 

"  A  weet  Maay 
Brings  plenty  o'  corn 
An'  plenty  o'  haay." 

MAY. — May-flower.     The  blossom  of  the  hawthorn. 
MAY  BE.— Perhaps. 

MAY  DAY. — Old  May  Day,  i^ih  May,  on  which  day  servants 
come  to  their  places  on  the  east  side  of  the  Trent. 

MAY  DAY,  v. — To  do  the  spring  household  cleaning,  and  often 
by  a  figure  of  speech  to  do  any  extra  cleaning  whatsoever. 

I  can't  begin  to  maaydaay  th'  cupboards  oot  to-daay  for  I've  gotten 
my  best  frock  on. — M.  G.  W.  P.,  May  13,  1887. 

I  mun  hev  that  there  room  maaydaayed  oot,  an'  a  fire  in  it ;  its  a  shaame 
to  be  seen  an'  as  weet  as  manner. — October  8,  1887. 

MAY-HAPPEN.— Perhaps. 

Maay-happen  I  shall  goa  to  Garthrup  o'  Sunda',  bud  I'm  not  sewer. 

MAYING. — (i)  Playing  at  May-games  (obsolescent). 

(2)  Wheat  is  said  to  go  a  maying  when  the  growing  crop  looks 
yellow  about  the  middle  of  the  month  of  May. 
Th1  wheat's  off  a  maayin?  agean  to-year  I  see. — 1882. 
It's  middle  o'  Jewne,  bud  I  see  that  wheat  o'  thine  e'  th'  Crawtree 
cloas  is  agaate  o  maayiti'  yit." — Yaddlethorpe,  1888. 

MAY-MONTH.— The  month  of  May. 

"  Cohd,  why  it  's  not  near  as  cohd  as  it  was  last  maay-munth."  I 
have  never  heard  this  compound  formed  from  the  name  of  any  other 
month. 

MAY-TREE.— The  hawthorn. 

MAZE,  v. — To  frighten  ;  to  astonish  . 

"  But  summun  'ull  come  ater  mea  mayhap  wi'  is  kittle  o'  steam 
Huzzin'  an'  madzin'  the  blessed  fealds  wi'  th'  Divil's  oan  team." 

Tennyson,  Northern  Farmer. 

MAZES  (maiz-ez). — Ox-eyes,  large  daisies. 

MAZZEN,  MAZZEL  (maz'n,  maz-1),  v.— (i)  To   make  dizzy; 
to  stupefy. 

(2)  To  be  half  drunk. 


846  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

MEADOW. — Grass  land  which  is  "  laid  in"  for  mowing  as 
distinct  from  pasture. 

I  gen'lins  eats  th'  hoame  cloas',  but  it's  midda'  to-year. — 1886. 

MEADOW-CRAKE,  MIDA'-CREAK.— The  corncrake. 

MEADOW-CRAKE-CUT-BOX.— An  old-fashioned  machine 
for  cutting  fodder,  worked  by  hand,  which  makes  a  noise 
which  is  thought  to  be  like  the  cry  of  the  corncrake. 

MEADOW  SWEET.— Spircea  ulmaria. 

MEAGRIMS,  s.pl.-(i)  Freaks,  oddities. 
(2)  Pain  in  the  stomach. 

MEAL. — (i)  Flour,  and  more  especially  coarse  flour. 

(2)  The  yield  of  milk  from  a  cow  given  at  one  time.  Milk  is 
said  to  be  two,  three,  or  four  meals  old  ;  that  is,  two,  three, 
or  four  half-days  have  passed  since  it  was  milked.  The 
"  pancheons  "  in  which  the  milk  is  kept  have  each  a  chalk 
mark  put  on  them  every  morning  and  evening,  so  that  their 
age  may  be  remembered. 

"  Thaay  do  saay  that  Miss  Metcalfe  was  that  near  while  she  kep'  her 
milk  foherteen  meal  ohd." — William  Smith,  Ashby,  1855. 

MEAL-ARK.— A  meal-bin. 

MEALING.— Taking  meals. 

Thaay  're  alus  mealing  i1  that  hoose. 

MEALY. — Floury;  said  of  potatoes. 

MEAN,  adj. — (i)  Shabby;  stingy. 

(2)  Applied  to  food  or  drink  of  inferior  quality. 
This  tea's  very  mean,  that  is,  weak  and  tasteless. 

MEAN,  v. — To  be  of  value,  worth,  consideration. 

You  maay  get  a  few  shillin's,  bud  you'll  not  get  oht  to  mean  onything 
oot  on  him. 

MEANING. — Matter,  consequence. 

Niver  mind  doiint  truble  thy  sen  aboot  it,  it  maks  no  mean  in'  which 
awaays  it  is. 

MEANT  (mi'h'nt). — The  meaning  of. 

I  seed  a  deal  o'  things  belongin'  to  ships  when  I  was  at  Hull  last 
pottery  fair,  but  what  was  th'  meant  o'  most  part  on  'em  I  could  n't 
larn. 


AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  347 

MEAT.— (i)    Food.      Cf.    Psalm   cxlv.,    v.    15.       Prayer  Bock 

Version. 

(2)  Bacon  as  distinguished  from  butcher's  meat. 

(3)  An  ox  or  sheep  when  fit  for  the  butcher  is  called  meat. 

We  may  sell  them  six  yohs  as  soon  as  ther's  a  chanch,  thaay  're  meat 
ony  time. — July  29,  1886. 

MEAT  AND  DRINK,  phr.—A  pipe  o'  bacca's  meat  an'  drink  to 
me  ony  time. 

"  Malis  gaudet  .  .  .  It's  meate  and  drinhe  to  him  to  do  mischiefe." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  p.  62. 

MEAT-BOARD.— A  board  on  which  food  is  dressed. 

"  On  copbord,  on  meyt  bord  &  a  chair,  vjs.  viijd." — Inventory  of  Ric. 
A  llile  of  Scalth  erop ,  1551. 

MEDDLE  NOR  MAKE,  pkr.—I  naayther  meddle  nor  maake  wi' 
chech  consarns,  i.e.t  I  do  not  interfere  with  them. 

"  I'll  not  meddle  nor  make  no  further.  He  that  will  have  a  cake  out 
of  the  wheat  must  needs  tarry  the  grinding." — Troilus  and  Cressida, 
i.  j.  1.  14. 

MEED. — Desert,  reward,  commonly  in  a  bad  sense. 

He's  gotten  sarved  reight ;  that  was  just  the  meed  for  him. 
It  is  used  in  a  bad  sense  in  Havelok— 

"  And  he  shal  yelde  )>e  ]>i  mede 
By  crist  J>at  wolde  on  rode  blede" — 1.  2402. 

MEERE,  MERE  (meer). — A  mark  or  boundary  of  any  kind 
between  one  person's  land  and  another's,  or  between  one 
manor,  parish,  or  township  and  another. 

"  Where  a  person  knows  his  own  land  by  meres  or  boundaries." — 
Survey  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

"  Oh  countrie  clounes,  your  closes  see  you  keepe 
With  hedge  and  ditche,  and  marke  your  meade  with  means." 

Geo.  Gascoigne,  Fruites  of  Warre, 
ed.  Chalmers,  p.  24. 

MEERE  BAUK. — A  strip  of  unploughed  land  between  one 
property  and  another  in  an  open  field. 

"Of  Richard  Welborne  for  plowing  vp  the  kings  meere  balk." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey,  Fine  Roll,  1630. 

MEEREFURROW,  MARFUR.— (i)  A  boundary  furrow  in 
an  open  field. 

(2)  Now  frequently  used  to  signify  the  boundary  fence  between 
OLC  property  and  another  where  the  meerefurrow  has  been 
before  the  land  was  enclosed. 

Did  I  knaw  W  .  .  .  P  .  .  .  ?  I  should  think  I  did,  an'  a 
straange  droll  un  he  was  an'  all.  He  ewsed  to  do  a  bit  o'  butcherin' 
at  A  .  .  >  an'  was  a  loacal  preacher.  I  remember  very  well  one 


348  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

Setterda'  neet  him  an'  me  bed  been  at  th'  Horn  an'  he'd  hed  moorethen 
he  could  hug,  soa  when  he  was  gettin  ootside  he  soon  ton'd  stupid, 
an'  flops  his  sen  doon  e'  a  dikin  nigh-hand  th'  foot-trod  agean 
J  .  .  R  .  .  .  's  marfnr.  I  was  gooin'  to  chech  next  mornin'  an' 
sees  him  liggin'  theiire  as  fast  asleep  as  oht.  I  wakkent  him  up  an'  he 
stares  aroond  for  a  bit,  daazed  like,  an'  then  ax'd  what  o'clock  it  was. 
I  says  "  omust  eleven  duz  n't  'ta  hear  th'  bells  a  gooin'  ?  "  "  The  Devil 
it  is,  says  he,  "  why  I  oht  to  be  preachin'  e'  Yalthrup  chappil  at  this 
very  minit.'' 

MEERE  STONE.— A  boundary-stone. 

"  Thou  shalt  not  remove  thy  neighbour's  meerstone." — Bullinger, 
Decades,  Tr.  H.  I.  (Parker  Soc.)t  iii.,  230. 

"For  iij  bushells  of  wheat  &  rye,  the  wiche  dyde  growe  to  the 
churche  by  a  forfeiture  yt  ys  to  wytte  by  the  meayns  yt  an  order  was 
taken  and  made  by  the  stuerd  &  ornage  of  this  lordeshyppe  yt  who  soo 
euer  he  wer  yt  dyde  plowe  &  sowe  his  landds  eny  farther  then  to  ye 
comon  merestones,  whether  hit  were  in  lenketh  or  brede  he  &  they  ytsoo 
dyd  shulde  forfett  &  loose  the  same  corne  and  grayne  what  kynne 
soeuer  hit  bee,  or  hereafter  may  be  and  the  cawsse  was  be  cawse  yt 
shulde  not  encrooche  of  the  comon  contrary  to  ryght  &  consyens  ;  for 
ye  forfeture  of  wiche  corne  hit  was  agreed  yt  hit  shulde  be  employed 
to  the  use  of  this  churche." — Churchwardens'  Accounts  of  Stanford- in -the 
Vale,  Berks.,  in  The  Antiquary,  xvii.,  119.  Cf.  Archtfologia,  vol.  xlii.,  159. 

MEERESTOUP.— A  boundary  post. 

MEET- HER- E'-TH'- ENTRY- KISS -HER- E'-TH'- BUT- 
TERY.— The  pansy  ;    Viola  tricolor. 

MEG. — An  ugly  or  ill-dressed  person. 

An  ohd  meg  !  what's  she  cum  here  to-daay  for  ? — Northorpe,  1837. 
She's  th'  ugliest  ohd  meg  I  iver  seed  ;  I  should  tak  her  for  a  scarcraw 
if  she  was  n't  alus  a  singin'  oot  to  th'  lasses. — Messin^ham,  1860  . 

MEGGIE.— A  moth. 

MEG-ULLAT,  MAG-ULLAT.— An  owl. 
Iv'ry  meg-ullat  thinks  her  awn  bubs  best. 

MEK,  v. — To  make. 

MELCH,  adj. — Mild,    soft,    damp ;    used  with   regard   to   the 
weather. 

Ther's  a  deal  of  foaks   is  badly  an1  its  all  thruf  this  mdch  weather. 
We're  hevin'  a  melch  back-end,  soa  we  shall  hev  a  huncht  spring. 

MELL. — A  mallet.     See  MULL-HEAD. 
MELL,  v. — To  beat  with  a  well.     See  BANKER. 

MELL  A',  adj. — Mellow.     Good   and   tender  meat  is  spoken  of 

as  mella  . 

That  Scotch  beast  '11  mak'  mella,'  beaf  when  he's  kill'd. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRIN7GHAM    WORDS.  349 

MELL-HEAD. — A  very  stupid  person. 

Thoo's  a  straange  mell-hcad,  thoo  taks  noa  noatice  o'  what  fosiks  says 
to  the. 

"  He's  getten  a  head  an'  so  hes  a  mell,"  is  a  common  form  of  expressing 
contempt  for  one  who  is  regarded  as  very  dull  or  unintelligent.  See 

MELL. 

MENAGERY. — The  whole  taken  together. 

He  wrote  it  all  doon,  what  he  said,  an'  what  she  said,  an'  what  thaay 
said,  and  what  thaay  hed  for  the'r  suppers,  and  what  thaay  paaid,  and 
the  whoale  menagery  on  it. 

MEN  AND  HORSES,  phr.—When  soil  is  of  a  very  good,  rich 
nature  it  is  said  to  be  such  fine  land  that  it  will  grow 
men  and  horses,  or  nearly. 

MENSE. — (i)  Neatness,  tidiness,  order. 

It  was  a  fam'ly  wi'oot  ony  mense  among  th'  whoale  lot. 
He  hes  naather  sense  nor  mense,  said  of  an  ignorant  and  slatternly 
person.     Cf.  "  N.  &  Q.,"  vj.  S.,  vol.  vj.,  p.  474. 

(2)  Freshness  ;  gloss. 

That  black  velvit  coat  o'  mine  '11  wear  a  long  time  yit,  bud  all  th' 
mense  hes  goan  off  on  it. 

MENSFUL,  adj.— Decent ;  orderly. 
MERCURY.— See  MARQUERRY. 

MERRY  GO  RpUND.— A  machine  provided  with  seats  which 
revolve  horizontally,  on  which  children  ride  at  fairs  and 
village  feasts. 

MESLIN.— See  MASLIN. 
MESLINS.— Measles. 

MESS.— (i)  Dirt. 

What  an  a  mess  you've  maade  o'  yer  sen  wi'  plaayin'  e'  that  theare 
mucky  road. 

(2)  Disorder. 

When  iver  I  goa  her  hoose  is  alus  in  a  mess,  be  it  when  it   maay, 
mornin'  or  neet. 

(3)  A  large  quantity  of  anything. 

He'd  a  big  mess  o'  carrots  last  year,  but  thaay  took  badly  this. 
41  I'll  lay  in  your  castle  a  fine  mess  of  gold." 

A  new  song  called  Skewball,  iSth  cent. 

MESS  ABOUT,  v. — (i)  To  do  useless  work,  or  useful  work  in 
a  careless  or  inefficient  manner. 

If  Bill  messes  aboot  e'  this  how  among  tonup  sheap  I  shall  paay  him  off. 


350        MANLEV  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

(2)  To  cause  irritating  delay. 

I  wean't  sell  my  'taaties  onny  more  to  ohd  .  .  .  whativer  he's  a 
mind  to  bid.  When  he  boht  'em  two  year  sin  he  mess'd  aboot  that  bad 
I  thoht  we  should  niver  hev  dun  wi'  him. 

MESSENGERS.— Little  clouds  sailing  below  big  ones ;  thought 
to  be  a  sign  of  rain. 

The  messengers  is  cum'd  agean  soa  we  shall  hev  raain  whativer  th' 
glass  maay  saay. — Owston,  1848. 

MESSMENT.— A  mess. 

Afoore  th1  trods  was  dug  oot,  when  ther'  was  a  heavy  thunner  shoor, 
th'  watter  ewst  to  run  into  th'  chech  an'  mak'  a  straange  messment. — 
Bottesford,  April  2,  1888. 

HESTER.— (i)  Master. 

(2)  Husband.     See  MAISTER. 

METAL.— (i)  Cast  iron. 

It's  not  iron,  sir ;  it's  noht  but  a  ohd  peace  of  metal,  said  of  the  cast 
iron  bottom  of  a  fire-grate. 

(2)  Material  of  any  kind  used  for  mending  roads. 

MEW,/tf.  t.— Mowed. 

I   mew    th'   gress  afoore  th'   raain   caame.     This    form    occurs   in 

Cambridgeshire. 

MICH,  adj.— Much. 

I  did  n't  knaw  mich  aboot  it ;  I  was  nobbut  a  lad  then.  See  Mik  in 
Havelok,  1.  2342. 

MIDA'.— A  meadow. 

"The  common  middow  was  lett  for  three  years." — Messingham  Church 
Ace.,  1736. 

MIDDEN.— A  dung  heap. 

MIDDLE.— The  waist. 

She's  strange  an'  thin  e'  th'  middle ;  braade  o'  me  she'll  be  killin'  her 
sen  wi1  tight  laacin'. 

MIDDLE-POLE  OF  A  WAGGON.— The  gear  which  attaches 
the  hind  to  the  fore-wheels. 

MIDDLING,  MIDDLINS,  MIDDLINGISH,^'.— (i)  Pretty 

well. 

M  :  How  art  'a  to-daay  ? 

N  :  Well  I'm  middlin',  thenk  you;  that  theare  rewmatis  hes  goan 
wheare  it  cum'd  fra  I  reckon. 

A  labourer's  wife  on  her  death-bed  was  consoling  herself  by  descanting 
on  the  fact  that  she  had  always  been  a  good  wife  to  her  husband.  The 
husband  listened  attentively  for  some  time ;  at  length  he  shook  his 
head  and  said  solemnly,  "  middlinish,  my  lass,  middlinish." 


MANLEY  AND  CORRtNGHAM  WORDS.  351 

(2)  Not  very  well. 

M  :  How's  Sarah  Ann  ? 

N  :  She's  nobbut  middlinish;  she's  alus  agaate  \vi'  her  cough. 

(3)  To  be  nobbut  in  the  middlins  means  to  be  in  a  poor  way 
whether  as  regards  health,  condition,  or  circumstances. 

MIDSUMMER.— The  feasts  at  Thealby,  Winterton,  Crosby, 
Broughton,  and  other  villages,  which  are  held  about  mid- 
summer time,  are  called  midsummers,  not  feasts.  Going  out 
into  the  village  at  this  time  is  called,  "  going  into  the 
midsummer"  or  "going  a  midsummering ." 

"  Midsummer  thistles  are  better  than  Michaelmas  hay,"  is  a  proverb 
meaning  that  the  summer  grass  makes  better  hay  than  that  of  autumn . 

MIFF.— A  slight  quarrel ;  a  tiff. 

MIFFLE,  v.— To  shuffle. 

He  miffles  aboot  so,  a  body  duzn't  knaw  wheare  you  hev'  him. 

MILK-BEAST.— A  cow. 

Steers  is  a  midlin  price,  but  milk-beasts  an'  draapes  is  bad  to  sell. 

"To  the  wardens  of  the  Church  of  Saint  John  aforesaid,  iij.  milch- 
bestes  to  kepe  myn  annyuersary  or  obit  yerely." — Will  of  Rob.  North, 
alias  Parsonage,  of  Hertford,  152.1. 

MILK-FACED.— Shy;  timorous. 

She  was  that  milk-faacd  she  hardlin's  dost  speak  to  a  man  when  she 
seed  him,  an'  noo  ther'  is  n't  a  braazender  whore  upo'  Sheffield  streats. 

"I  shall  be  tame  and  timerous, 
That  milk-faced  mercy  will  come  whimpering  to  me." 

H.  H.  Milman,  Fazio,  Act  iij,  sc.  j. 

MILK-LEAD. — A  shallow  leaden  vessel  for  holding  milk,  with 
a  hole  in  the  centre,  fitted  with  a  plug  having  a  long 
handle,  so  that  the  milk  may  be  drawn  off  without  dis- 
turbing the  cream. 

MILKMAIDS.— Cowslips.     Winterton,  May  14,  1883. 

MILKNESS. — Whatever  pertains  to  a  dairy  ;  the  furniture 
and  management  thereof. 

I  can  give  her  a  good  character  for  iverything,  except  she  knaws 
noht  aboot  milkness. 

MILKS,  s.pl.— Cows. 

John's  gotten  two  real  good  milks  to  sell,  but  he  wants  a  sight  o' 
munny  for  'em. 

"That  noe  man  put  any  milhcs  on  the  North  Marsh,  or  in  Humble 
Carre,  but  euery  man  of  his  owne." — Gainsburgh  Manor  Records,  1601, 
in  Stark's  Hist.,  p.  92. 

MILK-SILE.— A  milk-strainer. 


352  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

MILLER'S  THUMB.— See  MILNER'S  THUMB. 
MILL  TAIL. — The  waste  water  from  a  water  mill. 

MILN.— A  mill. 

There  ewsed  to  be  a  wind-////7»  agean  th'  Messingham  watter-;«//w, 
but  she's  been  pull'd  doon  most  o'  fo'ty  year. 

"  Also  theyr  \vynde-mylne  of  Scotter  afforsayd." — Lease  of  Scatter 
Manor,  1537. — cf-  Icel-  mylna,  a  mill. 

MILNER.— A  miller. 

MILN-POSTS,  MILN-STOHPS,  s.  pl.—(i)  The  posts  on 
which  a  wooden  mill  is  erected. 

(2)  Very  thick  legs. 

She's  gotten  two  straange  miln-stohps  on  her  awn  sartanly. 

MILNER'S  THUMB,  DEVIL'S  TOE-NAIL.— (i)  A  very 
common  fossil  in  the  Lias,  the  gryphaa  incurva. 

"  1696,  April  10.  I  was  with  an  old  experienced  fellow  to-day,  and  I 
was  shewing  him  several  great  stones,  as  we  walked,  full  of  petrifyd 
shell-fish  such  as  are  common  at  Brumbe  [Brumby]  ,&c.  He  sayd  he 
believed  that  they  grew  i'  th'  stone,  and  that  they  were  never  fish. 
Then  I  ask'd  him  what  they  call'd  'em :  he  answer'd  milner's  thumbs, 
and  adds  that  they  are  the  excellentest  things  in  the  whole  world,  being 
burnt  and  beat  in  powder  for  a  horses'  sore  back ;  it  cures  them  in  two 
or  three  days.  He  says  that  there  has  carryers'  men  come  out  of 
Yorkshire  to  fetch  the  fish  thither  for  the  said  purpose."— Diary  of 
Abraham  de  la  Pryme  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  90.  The  belief  that  milner's 
thumbs  and  other  fossils  grew  where  they  are  found  is  still  the  prevalent 
opinion,  though  the  theory  that  they  were  deposited  where  we  find 
them  by  the  universal  deluge  has  its  advocates.  It  is  stated  in 
Tennent's  Ceylon,  that  the  Arabs  of  former  days,  and  the  Chinese  at 
the  present,  use  fossil  crustaceans,  when  made  into  a  powder,  as  a  specific 
for  diseases  of  the  eye.  Vol.  i.,  p.  14,  n. 

(2)  A  hard   boulder,   somewhat  flat  in  shape,  and  often  of 
large  size,  found  above  the  oolite. 

MILNER'S  TROD,  lit.  MILLER'S  PATH.— A  now  disused 
bridle-path  from  Burton  Stather  to  Brigg. 

MINCH,  v.— To  mince. 

MINCH-PIE. — A  mince-pie.  It  is  said  that  mince-pies  and 
minch-pies  are  not  quite  the  same.  M inch-fits,  we  are  told, 
have  meat  in  their  composition  ;  mince-pies  have  not. 

MIND. — Inclination. 

I'm  sleapy,  I've  a  good  mind  to  go  to  bed. 

MIND,  inter/. — Remember  !     Take  care  ! 

Dinner's  at  noon,  noo  mind  !     We  sha'nt  waait. 
Mind !  or  you  an'  th'  cart  an'  bosses  will  all  be  i1  th'  drean  a-top  on 
one  anuther. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  353 

MIND  ON,  v.— (i)  To  remember. 

I  hev  n't  sean  him  sin'  'at  I  mind  on. 
(2)  To  bring  to  another's  remembrance. 

He'd  forgotten  all  aboot  it  till  I  minded  him  on. 

MING-MANG.— Confusion. 

When  I  com'  into  th'  hoose  th'  bairns  hed  ohersetten  th'  taable,  an' 
plaates  an"  dishes,  an'  meat  and  beer  was  all  brokken  in  a  ming-mang  up 
o'  th'  hearth-rug. 

MINIKIN,  adj. — Very  small ;  as  minikin  pins,  the  least  kind  of 
pins  commonly  sold. 

MINSTER-HOLD.— Land  held   on  lease   of  the   Dean   and 
Chapter  of  Lincoln. 

MISBEGOT.— A  bastard.     Cf.  Antiquary,  chap.  xiii. 

MISERY.— Physical  pain. 

I  shall  hev  the  old  poany  killed  ;  I  can't  bear  to  see  him  in  misery. 

MISFIGURE,  v.—(i)  To  disfigure. 

(2)  To  disguise. 

"  He  may  misfigure  hissen  next  time  as  he  likes,  I  shall  knaw  him." — 
Ralf  Skirhnigh,  vol.  iii.,  p.  99. 

MISFIT,  v. — To  be  unsuited  to  a  position,  place,  or  occupation. 
I  can't  saay  as  it's  a  bad  plaace,  but  me  an'  my  missis  misfits  badly. 
She  married  him  for  luv,  foaks  says,  but  thaay  misfit  one  anuther 
finely  noo. 

MISFITS,   s.  pi. — Shoemakers'   or   tailors'    unsuccessful    pro- 
ductions. 

I  shall  send  them  boots  by  agean  thaay 're  real  misfits. 

MISFORTUNE.— An  illegitimate  child. 

She's  hed  a  misfortune,  poor  lass,  an'  thaay  do  saay  as  th'  faather 
wean't  awn  it. 

"One  of  our  maids  happened  a  misfortune." — Southey's  Letters,  Ed. 
J.  W.  Warier,  vol.  iii.,  p.  457. 

MISLEST,  v. — To  molest. 

You  mun  see 'at  sum'ats  is  dun  aboot  Chafer's  bull,  he  mishsts  iv'ry 
thing.  It  was  nobbut  last  Setterda'  that  he  troad  doon  haaf  George 
Todd  wheat,  an'  to-daay  he's  scared  a  lot  o'  bairns  soil  as  thaay  durst 
n't  goa  doon  the  laane  to  th'  school. — 1885. 

Oh  you  must  n't  mislest  Miss  F  .  .  .  she's  on  Her  Majesty's 
service. — 1887.  Cf.  Notes  and  Queries,  Seventh  Series,  vol.  i.,  p.  34. 

MISLIKE,  v.— To  dislike. 
MISRECKON,  v.—To  miscalculate. 


854  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

MISS. — A  concubine. 

• 

MISS,  v. — Not  to  grow,  to  fail ;  said  of  crops. 

"The  turnips  have  all  missed." — Memorandum  by  E,  S.  Peacock,  1826. 

MISSIS.— (i)  The  mistress  of  a  house. 

(2)  A  wife. 

If  I'm  not  at  hoatn  my  missis  will  show  you  what  you  want. 

MISS  MYSEN.— To  make  a  mistake. 

I  miss'd  mysen  sorely  when  Lord  Yarbur  caame,  I  thoht  he  was  a  man 
hawkin'  pills,  an'  tell'd  him  to  goa  aboot  his  business,  becos  we  wanted 
noht  on  him  but  to  sea  his  back. 

MISS  OF,  MISS  ON,  v.—To  miss. 

I  miss'd  on  him  yisterdaay,  though  I  look'd  high  an'  low  fer  him. 
"  My  master  is  much  concerned  that  he  was  so  unhappy  as  to  miss  of 
seeing  you." — Susannah  Wesley,  1709,  in  Peck's  Axholme,  p.  207. 

MISTAEN,  //.—Mistaken. 
MISTEACHED.— Ignorant,  vicious. 

MISTLETOE. — A  bunch  of  evergreens,  generally  formed  on  a 
hoop.  It  is  suspended  from  the  ceiling  at  Christmastide, 
decked  with  oranges  and  trinkets,  and  is  used  for  the  same 
purpose  as  the  real  mistletoe  is  in  those  parts  of  England 
where  it  can  be  readily  procured.  It  is  sometimes  called  a 
"  kissing-bough." 

MITE. — A  very  little  of  anything. 

Give  me  a  little  deary  mite'o'  saut. 

MITEY  (meit'i),  adj. — Having  mites  in  it ;  said  of  cheese. 

MITTEN  (mit'in). — A  thick  leather  glove,  with  one  pouch  for 
the  thumb,  and  another  for  the  four  ringers;  worn  upon  the 
left  hand  by  workmen  when  plashing  hedges. 
"  E'en  the  poor  hedger  in  the  early  morn, 
Chopping  the  pattering  bushes  hung  with  dew, 
Scarce  lays  his  mitten  on  a  branching  thorn, 
But  painful  memory's  banish'd  thoughts  in  view, 
Remind  him,  when  'twas  young,  what  happy  days  he  knew." 

John  Clare,  The  Village  Minstrel. 

MITTS,  s.  pi. — Gloves  without  fingers.     See  MITTEN. 

MIZZLE,  v.--To  drizzle. 

It's  been  mizzlm'  all  daay,  but  ther's  been  no  waiter  cum'd  to  signify. 

MOAKY. — Dull,  hazy  ;  said  of  the  weather. 
MOANT.— Must  not. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRiNGHAM  WORDS.  355 

MOAT. — A  pond  near  an  ancient  residence.  The  moats  which 
have  surrounded  old  houses  are  always  called  moats,  but  the 
meaning  of  the  word  is  extended  so  as  to  include  fish- 
ponds, but  only  when  of  considerable  antiquity. 

MOB-CAP. — A  woman's  cap  with  coverings  for  the  ears,  and  a 
lace  or  frilled  border. 

MOCK-METHER-HAUVE.— An  exclamation  used  to  horses, 
meaning,  to  the  left  ("  This  apparently  unintelligible  phrase 
is  possibly  due  to  "  Mog,  come  hither  half,"  i.e.,  move  on). 
See  MOG.  Come  to  the  nearer  side,  i.et  to  the  left ;  if  the 
driver  be  on  that  side,  as  seems  to  have  been  usual.  In 
Surrey,  they  say,  "  Mother,  woot,"  i.e.,  come  hither,  wilt 
thou  (formerly  wolt  thou)." — \V.  W.  S. 

MOCK  ORANGE.— Philadelphus  coronarius.  From  the  shape 
and  perfume  of  the  flowers  bearing  some  resemblance  to 
those  of  orange  blossoms. 

MODERATE.— Weak,  of  poor  quality. 

To'nups  '11  be  very  moderate  to-year  it's  been  soa  dry. — 1887. 
My  wife's  nobbut  moderate  thank  ye ;  she's  omust  alus  th'  rewmatis 
sumwheare  or  anuther. 

MOG,  v. — To  move  on. 

MOHD.— A  mould. 

Fo'st  mohd  can'les  'at  I  boht  at  this  shop  runn'd  awaay  all  to  noht, 
an'  did  n't  bon  ten  minutes. 

MOHD,  MOHLD,  MOHDIWARP.— A  mole. 

I've  catch'd  mohds  for  you  an'  your  faather  better  then  thoty  year. — 
Crossby,  1865. 

We  mun  hev  them  mohdiwarps  kill'd  upo'  th'  beck  bank. — 1870. 
"William  Hobson  for  catching  moulds." — Bottesford  Farm  Ace.,  1812. 

MOHD,  v. — To  catch  moles. 

Rusling  ewst  to  mohd  fer  me,  but  noo  Lyon  hes  th'  job. 
"  To  William  Creasie  when  he  tooke  the  field  to  moulde,  vjd." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1633. 

MOHD-BOARD.— The  mold-board.  The  piece  of  wood  abov 
the  breast  of  a  plough. 

MOHDER,  i). — To  moulder  ;  to  crumble. 
MOHD-HEAP.— A  mole-hill. 
MOHDS.— Mold,  earth,  soil. 


856  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

MOIL,  v.— (i)  To  toil. 

He's  alus  moilin'  among  th1  muck  like  a  mohdiwarp. 
(2)  To  be  fidgetty  or  restless. 

Theare's  noa  gettin'  noa  rest  wi'  him  at  neets ;  he's  tewin'  an1 
moilin'  aboot  for  iver. 

MOLDING-TABLE,  MOLDING  BOARD.— The  table  on 
which  the  baker  forms  his  loaves. — Cf.  Mon.  Ang.,  vol.  v., 
p.  485. 

MOLLY-NOGGIN, pres.  part. — Haunting  the  company  of  loose 
women. 

MONEY. — "  He's  noa  moore  of  munny  then  a  dog  hes  of  a  soul." 
A  strong  form  of  expressing  an  opinion  of  another's 
poverty. 

MONEY  SPIDER.  — A  small  spider  which  sometimes  drops 
from  the  ceiling  on  the  heads  of  those  below.  When  such 
an  event  happens,  it  is  held  to  be  a  sign  that  money  will 
shortly  be  left  to  the  person  on  whose  head  the  spider  falls. 

MONKEY'S    CUP. — An    excrescence,    the    upper   surface   of 
which  is  concave  on  the  midrib  of  the  leaf  of  a  cabbage. 
Hardwick's  Science  Gossip,  Aug.,  1875,  p.  189. 

MON'T,  MUN'T,  v.— Must  not.- 

MOO  (moo). — The  bellow  of  an  ox  or  cow. 

MOON.— 

"  A  Setterda's  moon, 

Cum  it  once  in  seven  year,  it  cums  too  soon." 

Because  it  is  believed  that  a  Saturday's  moon  is  the  forerunner  of  a 
rainy  week. 

It  is  a  very  good  moon.     That  is,  there  is  plenty  of  moonlight. 

MOON-EYED.— Half  blind,  used  with  regard  to  horses. 

MOONLIGHT-FLIT.— Leaving  a  house  or  farm  by  stealth, 
commonly  in  the  night,  to  escape  payment  of  rent. — Cf. 
Athenaum,  Oct.  13,  1866,  p.  474. 

MOOSE  (moos). — A  mouse. 

Oor  caase  clock  wod  n't  goa  do  what  we  wod  to  her,  soa  I  maade  my 
sen  sewer  as  sum'ats  was  brokken  e' her  inside,  an' sends  for  Dick  .  .  . 
to  reightle  her  up.  An'  lawks  i'  me,  when  he  took  th'  faace  off,  if  ther' 
was  n't  a  moose  nest  reight  among  all  th'  warks  wi1  foher  yung 
uns  in  it. 

MOOSY,  adj.— Foggy. 


KfANLfiY   AtfD   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  857 

MOOTH  (mooth).— The  mouth. 

"  He  oppens  his  mooth  an'  lets  it  saay  what  it  likes,"  a  remark  made 
concerning  a  person  who  talks  wildly,  foolishly,  or  without  due 
consideration. 

Them  as  gi'es  noht  gets  noht ;  you  mun  put  it  in  at  th1  mooth  if  you 
want  it  to  cum  oot  at  th'  pap. 

MOOZLES. — A  stupid  person,  one  who  is  very  slow. 

MOPHRODITE  (mof-rudeit).— (i)  An  hermaphrodite. 
(2)  A  waggon  that  can  be  converted  into  a  cart. 

MOPPET,  MOPSY.— A  term  of  endearment  used  to  children. 

MOP-YARN. — Coarse  wool  loosely  spun  into  a  thick  soft  cord 
for  making  mops. 

MORAL.— Likeness. 

She's  the  very  moral  o'  her  faather  boath  in  her  looks  and  her  speaks. 

MOREISH  (moarr'ish),  adj. — Desiring  more. 

I  feel  mooreish  yit,  I  can  tell  ye;  I've  nobbut  hed  one  plaateful. 

MORRIS-DANCERS,  s.  pi.— Persons  who  perform  rude  plays  ; 
now  much  the  same  as  plough-jags,  though  formerly  there 
seems  to  have  been  a  clear  distinction. 

MORTAL,  adj. — Used  as  an  intensitive. 
I  shall  do  it  ony  mortal  how  I  can. 
He  cam  hoame  drunk,  an"  brok  iv'ry  mo'tal  thing  e"  th'  room. 

MOSKER,  v.— To  decay,  to  crumble. 

Th'  ohd  elmin-tree  stump's  all  moskerin'  awaay. 

MOSTLINS  (moast-lins),  adj.  -Mostly,  commonly. 

I  moastlins  goas  to  chech  e'  th'  efternoon,  an'  to  chapil  at  neet. 

MOT. — The  mark  at  which  boys  aim  in  playing  at  marbles, 
pitch-and-toss,  quoits,  &c. 

MOTHER  (mudh-ur). — A  filament  in  beer,  vinegar,  or  other 
such  fluids. 

MOTHER  BAIRN.— (i)  A  child  that  resembles  his  mother. 

I     ...    's  a  real  muther  bairn,  he's  just  like  her. 
(2)  A  spoilt  child. 

MOTHER- WOOD.— Southern  wood. 
MOTTAL  (mot-ul).— Mortal  (q.v.) 
MOTTER  (mot-ur).— (i)  Mortar  used  in  building. 
(2)  A  mortar  for  pounding. 


358  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

MOUSE-TRAP. — "  He  hes  n't  sense  enif  to  baait  a  moose-trap; 
i.e.,  he  is  very  foolish. 

MOVE  TO,  v. — (i)  To  bow  ;  to  salute  by  an  inclination  of  the 
head. 

Sutnbody  in  a  gig  moved  to  me,  but  I  didn't  knaw  who  it  was. 

(2)  To  suggest. 

I'll  move  it  to  him  th'  next  time  I  see  him. 

MOW  (rhymes  with  now). 

(1)  Hay,  or  corn  in  the  straw,  deposited  in  a  bay,  or  on  an 
upper  stage  in  a  barn. 

(2)  A  raised  stage  in  a  barn,  commonly  with  a  room  beneath 
it,  in  which  threshed  corn  is  kept. 

(3)  Since  large  barns  have  gone  out  of  use,  junks   (q.v.)  of 
barley  and  oats  are  often  called  mows. 

MOYSED.— Amased  ;  bewildered.     See  MAZE. 

MUCH   MATTER,  phr.—A  term  of  slight  disapproval,  or  of 
indifference.     Used  with  the  negative  only. 

Sum  foaks  says  he's  a  good  preacher,  bud  I  doant  much  matter  him. 
I  doan't  much  matter  hevin'  to  goa  afoore  th'  Winterton  magistraates 
on  a  soft  earand  like  that. 

MUCH  OF  A  MUCHNESS.— Very  much  alike. 

Them  two  wheat  cloases  is  much  of  a  muchness,  bud  I  think  I  like 
that  alongside  th'  road  best.—Bottesford,  August  n,  1888. 

Emma  an'  Fanny's  much  on  a  muchness,  noht  to  saay  to  onybody ;  one 
wod  think  thaay'd  niver  spok  to  noabody  bud  the'r  faather  an'  muther 
sin  thaay  was  born. — April  9,  1888. 

MUCK.— (i)  Mud. 

(2)  Fold-yard  or  stable  manure  ;  not  artificial  manure. 

(3)  Anything  obscene,  disgraceful  or  disgusting. 

I  doant  let  my  bairns  read  sich  muck  as  that ;  th'  Bible  an'  hymn- 
book  is  plenty  for  them,  barrin'  here  an'  theare  a  bit  oot  on  a  news- 
paaper  on  a  Setterda'  neet.  This  was  said  relative  to  some  selections 
from  Milton,  which  had  been  given  to  a  child  by  the  village 
schoolmaster. 

A  person  offering  prayer  in  a  chapel  said  :  We  thank  The  for  th' 
good  sarmon  'at  we've  heard  aboot  herse-raacin'  an'  gamlin'  an'  sich 
muck,  if  I  maay  ewse  sich  an'  a  wo'd  to  Thee,  Lord. 

(4)  "As  happy  as  pigs  e'  muck,"  means  having  one's  fill  of 
sensual  pleasure. 

MUCK,  IN. — Not  having  the  person  or  the  house  clean, 

When  she's  in  her  much  she's  varry  mucky. 

Oh  yes  miss,  I'm  alus  'e  my  muck,  bud  I  could  n't  be  no  comfor tablet', 


MANLEV    AtiD    CORRI^GHAM    WORDS. 

MUCK,  v. — To  put  fold-yard  or  stable  manure  upon  land. 
MUCK-BING. — A  manure-stead,  with  a  low  wall  around  it. 
MUCK-CART.— A  manure  cart. 
MUCK-CHEAP.— Very  cheap  ;  as  cheap  as  dirt. 
MUCKENDER.— A  pocket-handkerchief. 

MUCK-FORK.— (i)  A  manure  fork. 

"  Item  spads  and  muk  forks  vijd." — Inventory  of  John  Nevil,  of  Falding- 
worth,  1553. 

(2)  To  "  rain  muck-ferks  tines  doon'ards,"  or,  "to  raain  three- 
tined  muck-ferks,11  are  superlatives  of  "to  rain  cats  and 
dogs." 

Robert  Burton  uses  the  simile  of  "  raining  daggers  with  their  points 
downward." — Anat.  Mel.,  1652,  p.  524. 

MUCK-HACK. — One  who  does  low,  mean,  or  dirty  work. 

I'm  noht  bud  a  muck-hack  noo,  whativer  I  maay  hev  been.  Said  by  a 
woman  who  worked  in  a  brick-yard. 

MUCK-HEAP.— A  dung-heap. 
MUCKMENT.— Dirt. 

MUCK-OUT,  v. — (i)  To  remove  straw  and  dung  from  stables 
and  cattle  sheds. 

(2)  Used  sarcastically  for  cleaning  rooms. 

When  our  mester  goas  fra  hoam  missis  alus  hes  his  sittin'-room 
muck'd  oot ;  an'  it  is  a  sight,  you  may  depend  ;  bacca-ashes  an'  bits  o' 
ohd  paaper  fra  end  to  end,  soa  as  you  can  hardlins  see  th'  floor. 

MUCK-RIPE,  adj.— Over-ripe  ;  rotten  ripe. 

MUCK-STEAD. — A  place  where  dirt,  refuse,  and  manure  are 
cast. 

MUCK-SUTTLE. — One  who  is  very  dirty  or  who  likes  doing 
dirty  work. 

Ohd  George  an'  William  fell  to  arglin  which  on  'em  hed  feighed 
oot  th'  moast  privies  e'  the'r  time ;  soa  I  tell'd  'em  thaay  was  a  cuple  o' 
muck-suttles ,  an'  thaay  was  to  hohd  the'r  noises  boath  on  'em. 

MUC^-SWEAT.— Extreme  perspiration. 
I'm  all  in  a  muck-sweat. 

MUCKY.— (i)  Dirty. 

(2)  Rainy. 

A  real  mucky  haay-time,  maasten 


860  MAtfLEY   AtfD   CORRltfGHAM   WORDS. 

(3)  Weedy. 

Land's  that  mucky  its  noa  good  thinkin'  aboot  ony  sweiides  if  them 
wicks  is  n't  getten  oot. 

(4)  Shabby,  dishonest. 

Ther'  can't  be  a  mucMev  action  then  to  goa  an'  ax  for  a  farm  awaay 
fra  a  wida'  woman. 

MUD,  v.— Might,  must. 

Thoo  mud  hev  getten  hoam  afoore  this  ,time  o'  neet  if  thoo'd  tried 
fairly. 

Cf.  A.  S.  mot,  the  present  tense  of  moste,  which  is  our  modern  must. 

MUD-BLISTERS,  MUD-FEVER,  s.  //.—Blisters  on  horses' 
legs  caused  by  the  mud  of  the  road  adhering  to  them. 

MUDDER  (mud-ur). —Mother. 

Leave  off  cobblin'  them  ducks,  or  I'll  tell  thy  mudder  on  thS.     See 
bell-inscription,  s.v.  Gar. 

MUDDY,  adj. — Muddled  ;  thick ;  said  of  beer  or  other  such 
fluids. 

MUDFANG. — (i)  When  two  properties  are  divided  from  each 
other  by  a  hedge  only,  without  a  ditch,  the  hedge  has 
usually  been  planted  at  the  extreme  limit  of  one  of  the 
properties  ;  and  in  that  case  the  owner  of  the  hedge  has  a 
right  to  a  mtidfang,  if  it  be  an  old  enclosure ;  that  is, 
a  certain  portion  of  land,  usually  two  feet  wide,  in  which 
the  roots  of  the  hedge  grow.  These  mudfangs  are  rare 
except  as  the  boundaries  of  gardens,  or  enclosures  on  dry 
land  where  ditches  are  not  required. 

(2)  The  earth  in  which  a  hedge  grows,  and  about  two  feet  on 
each  side,  even  when  there  is  no  division  of  property,  is 
sometimes  called  a  mud-fang. 

MUDN'T,  MUN'T.— Might  not ;  must  not. 
Mester  said  we  mudn't  smooke  e'  th'  stack-yard. 
You  mun't  be  oot  efter  ten  o'clock,  mind  that.     Cf.  MUD. 

MUFFLE.— A  bunch  of  feathers  under  a  hen's  throat. 

MUGGY,  adj. — Damp,  close  ;  applied  to  the  weather. 

11  On  warm  days,  however,  and  particularly  in  what  is  called  muggy 
hot  weather." — Abel  Ingpen,  Instruc.  for  Collecting  Insects,  1839,  p.  36. 

MULDER    (muld-ur),    v.  —  To    moulder,    to    crumble.      See 

MOHDER. 

MULL,  MULLY,  interj.—-The  call  for  cows,  oxen,  or  calves. 
"  That  rural  call  '  Come  mulls !  come  mulls  I ' 

From  distant  pasture-grounds, 
All  noises  now  to  silence  lulls.'' 

John  Clare,  Evening. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  361 

MULLY  CALF.— A  child's  name  for  a  calf. 
MULLOCK.— Rubbish,  trash,  "kelter"  (q.v.) 
MUMPER.— One  who  begs  alms  on  St.  Thomas's  Day. 

MUMPING  WHEAT.— Wheat  given  in  alms  on  St.  Thomas's 
Day. 

MUN  (lit.  man). — A  comrade ;  a  companion  ;  used  in  addressing 
both  sexes. 

Sitha  mun,  duz  ta  sea  them  wild  geese  ? 
I  tell  the  mun  he's  been  dead  this  eaght  year ! 

The  A.  S.  man  is  like  homo,  of  either  gender.  Thus  we  find — to  J>am 
untruman  men  ge-eode,  ad  languentem  fceminam  intraret." — Beda.  v.  3, 
W.  W.  S. 

MUN,  V.— Must. 

Thoo  mun  do  as  I  tell  the. 

"  I  wene  that  we  deye  mone 
For  hunger." 

Havelok,  1.  840. 

"'Slid,   a  gentleman  mun  show  himself    like  a  gentleman." — Ben. 
Jonson,  Every  Man  in  His  Humour,  Act  i.,  sc.  i. 
Cf.  Icel.  mun,  must. 

MURN,  v. — To  mourn. 
MURNING.— Mourning. 

MURPHY. — A  kind  of  potato  now  extinct,  or  called  by  another 
name.  Murphy,  as  a^  general  name  for  the  potato,  is 
sometimes,  though  rarely,  heard.  It  is  probably  modern 
slang  introduced  by  Irish  workmen. 

MURTHER  (murdh-ur).— Murder. 

"  A  method  for  banishing  .  .  .  self  murther  out  of  the  kingdom." — 
John  Wesley,  circa  1790,  in  Notes  and  Queries,  Fourth  Series,  vol.  xii.,  p. 
126.  A.  S.  mordor. 

MUSH,  v.— To  crush. 

Messingham  gravil  is  n't  wo'th  noht ;  it  mushes  to  muck  th'  fo'st  time 
a  heavy  load  goas  oher  it. 

MUSHAROOM.— A  mushroom. 

MUSICIANER. — A  musician.    Cf.  Archaologia,  vol.  xv.,  p.  159. 

MUSIC,  PIECE  OF.— A  musical  instrument. 

I  thoht  that  cabinet  yvi'  gilt  on  it  was  a  peace  0}  music  afoore  you 
oppened  it. — August  28,  1876. 

MUST.— May. 

Must  I  goa  oot  wi'  Jaane,  muther  ;  we'll  be  back  e'  time  to  get  tea 
ready. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

MUST  NA.— Must  not. 

MUTTON.— A  sheep. 

Muttons  is  higher  this  Laady  Daay  then  iver  I  knawd  'em. 

MUTTON,  LOOK  AT  YOUR  TAIL.— A  phrase  used  in 
scolding  a  dog ;  probably  in  allusion  to  the  offence  of  sheep- 
worrying. 

MY  DEARY  ME,  MY  DEAREST  A  ME, /An— Exclamations 
of  surprise  and  annoyance. 

My  deary  me  here's  Maason's  bill  cum'd  in,  an'  it's  poonds  moore  then 
I  was  ware  on. 

I  was  at     ...    e'  th'  West  Ridin'  o'  Yorkshire,  last  22nd  o'  Jewne, 
an*  my  dearest  a  me,  how  the  foilks  do  drink. 

MYSEN.— Myself. 

MY  SOW'S  PIGGED.— A  game  at  cards. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  363 


N 


NAAITHER.— Neither. 


NABBOCKIN'.— Small  corners  of  land  left  by  a  newly  made 
railway,  road,  or  drain  which  has  been  carried  across 
enclosures. 

You'll  hev  to  mak  them  raailwaay  foaks  tak  to  them  theare  bits  o' 
nabbockin's,  thaay  '11  be  to  noil  mander  o'  ewse  to  you  noo. 

NAB,  v.— To  catch. 

NACKER.— A  drum. 

"  Pipes,  trompes,  nakeres,  and  clariounes." — Chaucer,  Knightes  Tale, 
1.  2513. 

Cf.  Dufresne,  Gloss.  Nacara. 

NACKERS.— See  KNACKERS. 

NAFF.— See  NAVE. 

NAIL,  v. — To  catch  in  the  act.     Perhaps  slang. 

NAIL-PASSER.— A  gimlet  or  pricker. 

NAILS. — "  I  hear  that  cart's  on  thenails"  is  a  common  remark. 
It  refers  to  the  noise  made  by  a  particular  jolt  given  by  a 
cart  in  frosty  weather,  when  the  whole  wheel  does  not  bite 
the  ground,  but  only  the  large-headed  nails  with  which  the 
several  lengths  of  the  tire  are  fastened.  Now  that  tires 
are  manufactured  all  in  one  piece  this  expression  will  die  out. 

NAME. — Children  do  not  respond  readily  to  "  what  is  your 
name?"  except  when  the  question  occurs  in  the  catachism. 
If  you  ask  for  information  in  that  manner  they  will  commonly 
remain  silent  and  look  puzzled,  whereas  "  what  do  they  call 
you  ? "  will  at  once  draw  forth  a  reply. 

NAME,  v. — To  baptize. 

Oor  Mary  has  been  naamt,  bud  we've  not  hed  her  christen'd  yit,  i.e., 
Mary  has  been  privately  baptized,  but  not  as  yet  received  into  the 
congregation.  The  term  is  applied  both  to  public  and  private  baptism. 

NAN  BERRY. — An  Anbury,  i.e.,  a  spongy  wart  on  horses  and 
oxen.  See  Anbury  in  Murray's  Diet. 


864  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

NANGNAIL. — (i)  An  agnail;  that  is  a  partly  detached  piece 
of  skin  beside  the  finger  nails,  which  gives  pain. 

(2)  A  corn ;  a  bunion. 

Th~re  is  a  black  resinous  ointment  largely  sold  under  the  name  of 
Nangnail  salve  for  the  cure  of  corns. — See  Murray's  Diet.,  Agnail. 

NAP.— See  KNAP. 

NAPERY.— Bed-linen,  table-linen,  linen  in  the  web. 

"  N apery  and  beddynge  sufficient  for  theyr  lodginge." — Lease  of  Manor 
of  Scatter,  1537. 

NAPRON.— An  apron  (obsolete). 

In  the  sixth  year  of  Edward  VI.,  Isabella,  the  wife  of  John  Alkok, 
was  proceeded  against  in  the  Court  of  the  Lord  of  the  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  for  stealing  "inapron.'' — Court  Roll.  See  Apron  in 
Murray's  Diet. 

NAR,  adj.-(i)  Near. 

It's  agean  Skippendaales,  or  very  nar. 
(2)  The  left  side  of  animals  and  vehicles. 

A  hoss  we  was  a  gettin'  ready  for  Ho'den  brok  his  nar  fore-leg. 
"  I  marked  my  sheepe     ...    on  the  nan  sholder." — Adam  Eyre's 
Diary  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  113. 

NAR-SIDE.— The  near  side  (q.v.) 

NASTY,  adj.— Ill-tempered. 

I  sent  my  fooreman  oher  to  meat  him  at  Doncaster  last  Setterda', 
but  he  was  that  nasty  I  could  mak  noht  on  him. — August  i,  1888. 

NATE,  adj.— Neat. 

NAT'LY  (naHi),0^.,  lit.— Naturally;  really,  certainly,  without 
doubt. 

I'm  nat'ly  stall'd  wi1  talkin'  to  them  two  ;  th'  ohd  un's  craazy,  or  next 
door  tul  it,  an'  tuther  tells  noht  but  lees. 
I'm  not  bet  wi'  it,  but  I  nat'ly  can't  do  it. 

NAT'RAL,  NAT'RAL  FOOL.— A  fool. 

Noabody  but  a  real  nat'ral  would  hev  dun  sich  an'  a  thing. 
"  He  is  a  natural  foole,  neither  hath  he  any  lustinesse,  activity,  or 
spirit  in  him." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  171. 

NAT  (nat). — A  mat. — Cf.  Archaowgia,  vol.  xli.,  p.  353. — Raine, 
Hist,  of  North  Durham,  p.  177. 

NATTER  (nat-ur),  v.— To  worry  ;  to  tease, 
NATTY,  adj.— Neat. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  865 

NATUR'  lit.  nature.— (i)  The  sap  of  vegetables. 

We  mun  begin  harvist  e'  Popple  Cloas'  to-morra1;  all  th'  naatur's 
gone  fra  th1  stroa. 

(2)  The  nourishing  property  in  food. 

This  here  meat's  been  boil'd  till  all  th'  natures  goan  oot  on  it. 

NAUP.— (i)  The  head. 

(2)  A  blow  on  the  head. 

(3)  A  hillock. 

Th'  road  ewsed  to  goa  up  i'  a  naup  agean  Franky  Quickfall  hoose. 

NAUPHEAD.— A  stupid  person. 

Ned  Woodhouse  said  to  a  man  who  had  cheated  him  about  a  cow, — 
I  nivver  mind  bein'  suck'd  in  wi'  a  clever  chap,  bud  to  be  dun  by  a 
nauphedd  like  thoo,  is  oher  bad  for  oht. 

NAUPINS,  s.  //.—Perquisites. 

Bill's  gotten  fo'ty  pund  a  year  an'  naupins,  soa  he's  not  badly  off. 

NAUTHER  (naudh-ur).— Neither. 

NAVE,  NAFF. — The  nave  of  a  wheel  of  a  cart  or  waggon. 
There  are  twelve  holes  in  it  for  the  spokes.  If  it  be  a  light 
wheel,  there  are  fourteen  spoke-holes. 

NAY  BUT,  NAY  THEN.— Exclamations  of  surprise. 

NAY;  NAY  SURELY.— Surely  not.  An  exclamation  of 
surprise,  coupled  with  sorrow  or  anger. 

He'll  be  to'n'd  oot'n  his  plaace  all  thriff  that  theare  gaame-keaper. — 

Naay  sewerly. 

NAY-SAY.— Contradiction. 

I  shall  hev  it  dun,  soa  ther'  nead  n't  be  noa  moore  naay-saay  aboot  it. 

NAZZLE. — A  low,  mean,  insignificant,  vulgar  fellow. 

NAZZLY,  adj. — Low,  mean,  insignificant. 

You've  th1  advantige  oher  me  wi'  yer  ashfeltin'  bein'  e*  th'  shaade. 
Yisterdaay  when  th'  sun  was  oot  atwean  twelve  an1  one  o'clock  them 
nazzly  childer,  thaay  cum  an'  brogged  a  duzen  hoales  e'  oor  causey  if 
thaay  maade  one. 

NEAP.— Low  water. 

"  Ships  of  over  500  tons  register  can  come  to  Sutton  Bridge  at  dead 
neap." — White,  Line.  Directory,  1882,  p.  750. 

There  is  a  farm  house  adjoining  the  Trent,  near  Flixborough  Stather, 
called  Neap  House. 

NEAR. — The  kidney  of  an  animal.      Cf.  Icel.  nyru}  G. 
kidneys. 


866  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

NEAR,  adj. — Stingy,  miserly,  mean. 

He's  that  near  he'll  hardlins  part  wi'  his  noase  droppin's. 
She's  soa  near  she  watches  iv'ry  moothful  one  eats,  as  if  iv'ry  bite 
and  sup  was  a  fo't'n. 

NEAR,  adv. — "  Ax  near,  sell  dear;"  that  is,  ask  near  the  value 
of  a  thing  at  once,  not  far  too  much,  if  you  would  sell 
dearly.  A  miller  is  said  to  grind  near  when  he  grinds 
among  the  flour  all  the  bran  he  can. 

NEAR  BY.— Near  to. 

He  lives  near  by  th'  Calvin  capil,  a  bit  o'  this  side. 

NEAR-END. — The  near-end  of  a  loin  of  veal  is  the  part  next 
the  kidneys.  See  NEAR. 

NEAR-FAT.— The  fat  about  the  kidneys.     See  Near. 

NEAR-HAND,/^/.— Nigh  unto. 

Doa'nt  thoo  go  near-hand  Ned,  he's  gotten  th'  itch. 

NEAR-SIDE.— The  left  side. 

"  It  was  the  near-side  fore-wheel  which  ran  over  the  woman." — Affid, 
of  James  Fowler,  Beauchamp  v.  Winn,  1867. 

NEAT  AS  A  NEW  PIN,  phr.—Very  neat. 

NEAT-HERD.— One  who  has  the  care  of  horned  cattle 
(obsolete). 

"  Elegerunt  etiam  Nich.  Cakwell  ad  serviendum  in  officio  de  le 
netterd  &  swineherd." — Bottesford  Manor  Records,  1616. 

NEAT'S-FOOT-OIL.— Oil  made  from  the  feet  of  calves  or 
oxen. 

"  A  rundyll  off  neytt  oyl  "  was  among  the  goods  of  Robert  Abraham,  a 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  shopkeeper,  who  took  his  own  life  in  1520. — Manor 
Roll,  sub  ann. 

"  A  bruise  .  .  .  rub  it  with  one  spoonful  of  oil  of  turpentine  and 
two  oineats-foot-oil." — John  Wesley,  Primitive  Physic,  1755,  p.  35. 

NEB.— (i)  The  bill  of  a  bird. 

(2)  The  part  of  a  scythe  which  the  mower  takes  hold  of. 

(3)  The  human  nose  is  sometimes  sarcastically  called  the  neb. 

NECESSARY.— A  privy. 

An  old  woman,  whose  landlord  had  added  an  out-house  to  her  cottage, 
said,  "  I  doan't  knaw  what  thaay've  built  me  a  necessary  for  ;  I've  shitten 
at  random  all  my  life." — Cf.  Sixth  Report  of  Dep,  Keeper  of  Public  Records, 
app.  ii.,  p.  142. 

NECK,  v. — (i)  To  drink,  to  swallow. 

He  neck'd  a  good  share  o'  beer  that  neet  o'  th'  jewbilee. 
(2)  Barley  is  said  to  neck  when  the  heads  fall  off  from  being 
too  ripe  before  it  is  cut. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  867 

NECK  AND  CROP.— Head  over  heels. 

My  ohd  woman  fell  neck  and  crop  doon  th'  stee  e'  th'  parlour  pantry. 

NECK-HOLE.— (i)  The  back  of  the  neck. 

If  I  was  to  walk  to  Willerton  across  th'  cloases  a  daay  like  this  I 
should  be  weet  up  to  th'  neck  hodle. 

(2)  That  part  of  the  opening  in  a  garment  which  surrounds 
the  neck. 

NECK  OF,  ON  THE.—"  One  bad  job  alus  falls  on  th'  neck  of 
anuther,"  is  a  common  saying  when  misfortunes  follow 
each  other  quickly. 

"  One  mischief  in  necke  of  another." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  164. 

NECK  TOWEL. — A  small  cloth  used  for  drying  crockery. 

NEEDLE. — Things  are  said  to  be  sewn  with  "  a  hot  needle  and 
burnt  thread  "  when  the  work  is  badly  done  or  the  thread 
rotten. 

NEEDLES. — Scandix  Pecten,  A  weed  with  sharp  needle-like 
seed-pods,  which  grows  among  corn. 

NE'ER  DO  WEEL.— A  good  for  nothing  person.— Cf.  Hist. 
MSS.  Com.  Rep.  v.,  p.  392. 

NEET  (neet).— Night. 

NEGLECTFUL,  adj.— Negligent. 

"Did  you  ever  see  anything  in  such  a  neglectful  condition'}  "--Mabel 
Heron,  vol.  i.,  p.  24. 

"Amongst  the  agreeable  productions  of  Blois  it  would  be  neglectful 
not  to  name  its  pears." — Louisa  Stuart  Costello,  A  Summer  Amongst  the 
Bocages  and  the  Vines,  1840,  vol.  ii.,  p.  223. 

•NEMONY.— An  amemone. 

NEP,  v. — (i)  A  horse  is  said  to  nep  when  he  makes  a  slight 
noise  by  clashing  his  teeth  together. 

(2)  Also  when  he  makes  a  similar  noise  while  biting  another 
horse's  back. 

NESH,  adj. — Delicate  ;  tender  ;  coddling. 

She's  a  sight  oher  nesh  aboot  her  sen,  scarcelins  soa  much  as  gt>as  to 
th'  ash-hoale  wi'  oot  her  bonnet  on. 

NESP,  v. — To  knap  ;  to  bite  (rare). 

Th'  dog  nesp'd  hph'd  9'  th'  rat  as  it  run  roond  th'  hoose  corner. 


868  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

NESS. — A  promontory;  a  projecting  point  of  land  running  out 
into  the  Trent  or  Humber.  There  is  a  village  on  the  eastern 
bank  of  the  Trent,  nearly  opposite  Keadby,  the  proper  name 
of  which  is  Gunness.  This  place  has,  in  recent  days, 
frequently  been  written  and  printed  Gunhouse.  A  person 
once  informed  the  author's  father  that  "  Gunhouse  got  its 
name  from  the  Danes  having  lodged  their  guns  there,"  a 
guess  not  more  absurd  than  many  derivations  of  place- 
names  which  appear  in  topographical  literature. 

11  Between  Trent  Fall  and  Witten-;^ss 
Many  are  made  widdows  and  fatherless." 

Diary  of  Abraham  de  la  Pvyme  (Surtees  Soc.),  p.  139. 
"  He  would  likely  gallop  like  mad  down  the  warps  to  the  ness." — 
Ralf  Skirlaugh,  vol.  ii.,  p.  87, 

NEST. — A  collection  of  things,  such  as  boxes,  counters,  or 
weights,  one  fitting  within  another.  For  a  notice  of  a  nest 
of  coffins  made  at  Gainsburgh  see  the  author's  English  Church 
Furniture,  p.  186,  and  Stark's  Hist,  of  Gains.,  p.  471. 

NEST-EGG. — The  egg  which  is  left  by  the  gatherer  in  a  nest 
•  to  hinder  the  bird  from  forsaking  it.      A  lump  of  chalk  cut 
into  the  form  of  an  egg  is  sometimes  used  for  this  purpose. 
Imitation  eggs  of  earthenware  are  also  employed. 

NESTLING.— The  smallest  bird  of  a  brood. 

NETTING. — (i)  Stale  urine.  It  was  formerly  preserved  in 
large  jars,  to  be  used  in  washing  coarse  clothes.  It  was 
believed  to  make  the  water  soft. 

(2)  Nets  for  folding  sheep. 

NETTLE,  v.— To  irritate. 

"  I  nettle  the  fellow  now." — Bernard,  Terence,  p.  114. 

NETTLE  IN,  DOCK  OUT.— Proverb,  i.e.,  the  juice  of  the 
dock  is  believed  to  be  a  specific  for  the  sting  of  the  nettle. 
1  But  canst  thou  plaien  raket  to  and  fro, 
Nettle  in,  dock  out,  now  this,  now  that.' 

Chaucer.  Troilus,  iv. 

NEVER  HEED,  phr. — Never  mind  ;  do  not  take  any  notice. 
NEVY  (nevi).— Nephew. 

NEW-BAA'D-COO.— A  cow  which  has  recently  had  a  calf. 
NEWS.— Gossip. 

NEWSING. — Gossipping. 

She  niver  sticks  to  her  wark,  she's  oher  fond  o*  newsin'  for  that. 


MANLEY  AN t>  CORRINGHAM- WORDS.  869 

NEWSNER,  i.e.,  nuisancer,  inspector  of  nuisances. 

Th'  neivsner's  alust  a-cumin'  an  rowtin'  aboot  wheare  foaks  duz  n't 
want  him,  just  as  if  that  wo'd  do  ony  good.  Feavers  wo'd  n't  cum  if 
thaay  was  n't  sent. 

NEWSY  (neuz'i)  adj. — Fond  of  gossip. 

She's  th'  newsiest  carry-taale  e'  all  Waddingham  ;  I  doan't  care  who 
t*  uther  is. 

NEWT. — A  lizard.     Proverb,  "  As  sick  as  a  newt" 

NEXT  DOOR.— (i)  Almost,  similar. 

If  it  is  n't  cancer  it's  wo'st  soort  o'  tumour,  an'  that's  next  door  to  it. 
(2)  On  the  verge  of. 

I  knaw  thoo's  next  door  to  liquidaatin'  an'  I'll  hev'  my  munny 
whether  or  no. 

NIBBLER. — A  miserly  person. 

NIBBS. — The  wooden  handles  fixed  in  the  shaft  of  a  scythe. 

NICK.— The  devil. 

NICKER. — The  short  imperfectly  sounded  neigh  of  a  horse. 
Also  as  a  verb  to  neigh  slightly. 

"  I'll  gie  thee  a'  these  milk-white  steeds, 
That  prance  and  nicker  at  a  speir." 

Johnnie  Armstrong  in  Scott's  Border  Min. 
Ed.  1861,  i.,  408.   Cf.  Monastery  ch.,  53. 

NICKING. — A  cruel  operation  performed  on  a  horse's  tail  to 
make  the  animal  carry  it  gracefully. — Blane,  Outlines  of 
Veterinary  Art,  Ed.  ii.,  p.  602.  See  note  on  Nicked  in  Introd. 
to  Glos.,  B.  15  (E.D.S.),  p.  xviij. 

NICK  OF  TIME.— The  exact  time  ;  just  in  time. 
NIDIOT.— An  idiot. 

He's  sich  'n  a  nidiot  as  I  niver  heard  tell  on  i'  all  my  born  daays. 
This  is  an  instance  of  the  n  of  the  article  becoming  joined  to  a 
following  vowel. 

Sir  Thomas  More  remarked  of  a  foolish  thing  that  "a  very  nodypool 
nydyote  myght  be  ashamed  to  say  it."—  Workes,  1557,  p.  709. 

Tusser  has  "  a  nads"  for  an  adze. — Good  Husbandrie  (E.D.S.),  p.  36. 

"  A  nold  mylne  "  occurs  in  Monastican  Anglic.,  vol.  iv.,  p.  520,  i. 

"Anauter  cloth,"  in  Stratton, Cornwall  Church  Ace.,  1558,  and  "a  nell 
of  fuschian ''  in  Archaologia,  vol.'xxv.,  p.  507.  Many  other  examples 
might  be  given. 

NIGGLE.— To  hack  ;  to  notch. 

Ned,  you're  nigglin*  that  theare  meat  a  shaame  to  be  seen. 
"  She  doth  not  wish  you  to  looke  how  she  hath  nigled  her  throat,"— 
Epworth,  i7th  cent,  in  Add.  MSS.,  31028,  fol.  16. 


370  MAtfLfiY   Attt)   CORRlrtGHAM   WORDS. 

NIGH-HAND,  adv.— Nearly. 

It's  nigh-hand  time  to  go  to  bed.     See  NEAR-HAND. 

NIGHT.— The  time  to  leave  off  work. 

We'll  drop  it  maates,  it's  goan  six,  it's  neet. — Crossby,  July,  1865. 

NIGHT,  LOOKING  FOR.— An  idle  workman  is  said  to  spend 
his  time  looking  for  night. 

Well,  he  was  honist,  I  will  saay  that  of  him  as  is  dead  an' goan,  bud 
no  sooner  did  I  start  him  on  his  wark  than  he  begun  looking  for  neet,  an' 
he  fun  it  sooner  then  uther  foaks  an'  all,  for  if  I  did  n't  see  efter  him  he 
wod  slot  off  hoam  by  foher  o'clock. 

NIGHT-RIPENED,  adj.— Corn  that  is  blighted,  or  has  died 
before  the  ears  have  become  filled  is  said  to  be  night-ripened. 

NIGHT-STALKER.— Night-walker  (obsolete). 

"  The  night-walker  [is]  he  that  sleepeth  by  day  and  walketh  by 
night." — Will.  Sheppard,  Court-keeper's  Guide,  1650,  48.  These  persons 
were  subject  to  a  fine  at  the  court  of  the  manor. 

"  Wilelmus  Helyfield,  Wilelmus  Chapman,  sunt  communes  nyght- 
stalkers,  tempore  incongruo." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Manor  Records,  1492. 
Cf.  Middlesex  County  Records,  vol.  i.,  p.  135. 

NIGHT-TIME.— Night. 

He's  a  poulcher  or  sum'ats  as  is  warse  ;  he's  alus  oot  at  a  night-time 
when  honist  foaks  is  e'  bed. 

NIM. — (i)  A  very  slow  trot. 

(2)  The  motion  of  a  nurse's  knee  in  rocking  an  infant  thereon. 
"  My  lady  goes  to  London,  nim,  nim,  nim  ; 
Gentlemen  follow  after,  trot,  trot,  trot ; 
Baby  goes  gallopy,  gallopy,  gallop." 

Song  of  a  mother  nursing  her  infant.  While  the  first  line  is  being 
said,  she  moves  very  slowly,  rather  more  rapidly  at  the  second,  and 
very  fast  at  the  third. 

NINCH.— An  inch.     See  NIDIOT. 

She  wo'd  n't  sell  me  so  much  as  a  ninch  o'  taape. 

NINE-BOB-SQUARE,  adj.— Of    very  irregular   form,   much 
out  of  shape. 

NINE-CORNS. — A  very  small  quantity  of  tobacco,  about  as 
much  as  half  fills  the  bowl  of  a  pipe. 

NINE-MEALS.— A  very  long  fork,  for  lifting  up  sheaves  or 
bats  to  the  top  of  a  stack. 

NINE -PENCE -TO -THE -SHILLING,  phr.  —  Below  the 
average  in  common  sense. 

How's  Mr.     .     .     .    ?  Thaay  do  saay  as  he's  nobut  nine-pence-to- 
^—M..  F,,  Scotton,  1876. 


MANLEY   AND   CORiUN^HAM    WORDS.  37l 

NINNY-HAMMER,  NINNY-NANNY.— A  fool. 

"  Cram  all  the  ninny-hammers  gullets  with  pills  as  big  as  pistol  bullets." 
A  Poetical  Petition  agaiust  Tractorizing  Trumpery  ...  by  Christopher 
Caustic,  1803,  p.  89. 

NIP. — A  little  bit  or  pinch  of  anything. 

You  mun  put  a  nip  o'  salt  in,  Mary,  to  bring  oot  th'  taaste. 
Gie  me  a  nip  o'  'bacca,  I  ha'n't  noan  e'  my  box. 

NIP,  v. — (i)  To  slip  through  quickly ;  to  do  anything  stealthily, 
but  with  rapid  motion. 

Th'  foal  nipp'd  thrif  th'  yaate  on  us  afoore  we  was  aware. — July 
i,  1875- 
(2)  To  pinch,  to  twitch. 

Please,  sir,  Bill's  been  a  nippin'  an1  luggin'  me. 

Th1  band  that  tied  it  up  hes  nipp'd  that  tulip  tree  till  its  dead. 

NIP  OFF,  v.— To  run  off  quickly. 

Noo  then,  nip  off  an  fetch  yon  hoss. — Brumby,  June  22,  1876. 

NIP  UP,  v.— To  snatch  up. 

He  nipp'd  up  his  hat  an'  went  his  waay  afoore  I  could  speak. 

NIPPED,  pp. — Griped  or  otherwise  uneasy  in  the  bowels. 

A  local  preacher  in  the  chapel  at  Normanby  once  said  in  the  middle 
of  his  discourse,  "  You  mun  excuse  me  a  bit,  if  ye  please,  my  friends, 
I  feal  raatherly  nipped." 

NIPPER. — Something  very  good  or  excellent. 

That  shire-bred  mare  o1  yours  is  a  nipper  an'  noa  mistaake  ;  I  wodn't 
part  fra  her  at  noht  if  she  was  mine. 

NIPPING.— Miserly. 

Well,  he  was  n't  a  bad  soort  on  a  man,  bud  nippin'  ye  knaws,  real 
nippin'. 

NIPPY,  adj.—(i)  Active  ;  merry  ;  cheerful. 

Ohd  Mrs.  M  ...  is  a  wunderful  ohd  laady,  she's  oher  ninety, 
an'  as  nippy  as  onything. 

(2)  Miserly. 

He's  a  nippy  ohd  skin-flint. 

NIST  (neist)  adj.— Nice. 

A  ;  "  Thoo's  gotten  a  straange  nist  bairn  this  time,  Sarah." 
Z :  "  Why,  what's  th'  matter  wi'  ony  o'  th'  tuthers." 
A  ;  "  Nah  !  noht  lass ;  bud  th'  last  as  hes  cum'd  is  alus  th'  eyeableist 
at  fost  like." 

NISTLY  (niesfli),  adv.— Nicely. 

She  duz  her  patch-work  nistly  for  a  little  bairn, 

NIT,— A  louse, 


372  MAMLfiY   AN+D    CORRltfGriAM    WORDS. 

NIT,  AS  DEAD   AS  NITS.— Quite  dead. 

"  It  was  the  packman  ;  his  box  behind  him  ;  his  face  smashed  in,  and 
as  dead  as  nits." — Laurence  Cheny,  Ruth  and  Gabriel,  j.  27. 

NOA,  NOAH  (noa-h).— No. 

A  "  foreigner  "  once  denounced  to  a  native  the  people  of  these  parts 
for  their  extreme  ignorance  of  Holy  Scripture.  The  native  replied  : 
"  The  first  three  persons  I  meet  will  certainly  answer  correctly  a 
question  I  will  ask  out  of  the  book  of  Genesis."  A  bet  was  laid  on  the 
subject,  and  the  two  friends  sallied  forth  to  look  for  objects  on  whom 
to  try  the  experiment.  They  encountered  in  succession,  an  old  man,  a 
middle-aged  woman,  and  a  child.  The  native  asked  of  each  if  they 
knew  "  what  was  the  name  of  the  man  who  was  saved  in  the  ark  when 
the  world  was  drowned."  In  each  instance  the  reply  was  "  Noah,  sir," 
so  the  "  foreigner  "  lost  his  bet. 

NOAH'S  ARK,   TOMMY  BOD'S  ARK.— Clouds  elliptically 

parted  into  small,  wave-like  forms.     If  the  end  point  to  the 

sun,  it  is  a  sign  of  rain ;  if  contrary  to  the  sun,  of  fine 

weather  ;  if  across  the  wind  it  is  also  a  sign  of  rain  or  wind. 

"As  oft  from  Noah's  ark  great  floods  descend." 

John  Clare,  The  Woodman. 

NOAN,  adj.— (i)  None. 

Child:  "  Mother's  sent  to  ax  if  you'll  be  soa  good  as  to  lend  her  six 
eggs." 

Farmer's  Wife :  "  Tell  her  as  I'm  very  sorry,  bud  I  hev'n't  nodn.  I've 
sent  ivery  one  to  Brigg  by  th'  carrier." 

(2)  adv.— Not. 

Speak!  You'll  nodn  get  him  to  speak  if  helduz  n't  want.  He  can 
mak  hissen  as  awk'ard  as  a  pump  wi'  a  bad  sucker  when  he  likes. 

NOB,  NOBBY.— (i)  A  child's  name  for  a  foal. 

(2)  The  call  for  a  foal. 

(3)  The  head. 

I'll  crack  thee  nob  for  thee. 

NOBBING. — Drinking  with  a  companion. 

NOBBLE,  v. — To  hit  on  the  head  with  a  club  or  thick  stick. 

NOBUT,   NOBBUT    (nob-ut),   NOBBERD,   adv.-(i)    Only 
(lit.  not  but). 

What  ar1  ta'  say  in'  as  Jack  Black's  gotten  twenty  childer  for  when 
thoo  knaws  he's  nobbut  tho'teen  yit. 

He's  nobberd  haaf  rocked,  poor  chap ;  he  can't  do  noa  better  for  his 
sen,  an'  that's  a  fact. 

"  You  nobut  waait  while  I  get  oot  on  a  staate  o'graace  agean, an'  I'll  let 
ye  see."  Said  by  a  man  newly  brought  in  at  chapel  to  a  neighbour 
who  had  insulted  him. 

(2)   If,  if  but. 

He  said  he'd  cum  nobud  it  kep'  fair, 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  873 

NOD  DEN,  v. — To  knead  bread  (obsolescent),  said  to  be 
common  in  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire.  [In  Mid- 
Yorkshire  nodden  is  used  as  the  past  part,  of  the  verb  to 
knead.] 

NODDIPOL,  v.— A  silly  person. 

"  Whorson  nodipol  that  I  am." — Bernard,  Terence,  43.     See  NIDIOT, 

NODDLE,  NODDLE-BOX.— The  head. 

NODDY.— A  fool. 

"They'll  call  us  all  a  pack  of  noddies." — S.  Taylor,  Reynard  the 
Fox,  69. 

NOG. — The  small  piece  of  wood  which  fits  into  the  hole  in 
the  axle-tree  of  a  wheel  through  which  the  linch-pin  is 
drawn  out. 

NOGGIN.— (i)  A  lump. 

Put  a  noggin  o'  coal  upo'  th'  fire. 
(2)  A  mug. 

NOG-HESP.— The  catch  which  fastens  the  nog  into  the  axle- 
tree  of  a  wheel.  See  NOG. 

NOHT,  A.— (i)  Something  quite  worthless. 
It's  a  noht,  chuck  it  up  o'  th'  fire. 

(2)  An  evil  or  worthless  person. 

I  alus  thoht  he'd  t'on  oot  a  noht,  an'  I  hev  n't  been  mistaa'en. 
A  drunken  shackbag,  a  real  noht. 

NOHT.— Nothing.  . 

She  was  sittin'  by  th'  fire  doin'  noht. 

A  carrier  who  wished  to  be  humorous  sent  the  following  message  to 
one  of  his  customers :  "  Tell  yer  missis  I've  broht  her  noht  this  time, 
soa  if  she'll  nobbut  paay  ready  munny  I'll  do  it  for  half  price. 

NOHT. — "  That  that's  noht's  niver  e'  daanger,"  a  proverb  used 
when  a  worthless  person  is  prosperous,  or  a  worthless  thing 
escapes  destruction. 

He  went  reight  thrif  th'  Crimea  war,  an'  th'  mutiny  e'  th'  Indies,  wi' 
oot  soa  much  as  a  scrat  on  him,  soa  I  says  whenhe  cums  hoame,  says 
I,  that  'at  's  noht's  niver  e'  daanger. 

I've  hed  this  here  crack'd  baasin  iver  sin'  I  was  a  gell,  an'  it  wer  my 
gran'muther's  afoore  it  wer  mine ;  that  'at's  noht's  niver  e'  daanger, 
thoo  sees. 

NOHT.— Evil. 

I'd  a  dream  last  neet,  an'  I  says  to  my  ohd  lass  when  I  wakken'd,  that 
means  sum'ats  a  cumin  on  'at's  noht,  I  am  sewer  o'  that. 


374  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

NOHT  A  DEAL.— Not  much. 

Master :  "  What  have  you  being  doing  to-day  ?" 
Foreman  :  "  Why  noht  a  deal,  it's  rain'd  oher  hard. 

NOHT  'ATS  OHT.— Not  of  any  value. 
Fling  it  upo'  th'  fire,  it's  noht  'at's  oht. 

NOHT  O'  ALL  NOHT'S.— A  person  who  is  utterly  worthless 
and  depraved. 

Him  a  preacher !  a  real  noht  o'  all  nohts  like  him  !  Why  he's  not 
conduct  to  keap  a  Tom-an'-Jerry. — August  23,  1876. 

NOHT  O'  TH'  SOORT.— Nothing  of  the  kind. 

I  niver  said  noht  o'  th'  soort  e'  all  my  life. 

NOHT  TO  NAIL  TO.— Feeble,  weak,  infirm,  in  declining 
health. 

Noa,  I  doan't  get  noa  better.     You  see,  I've  noht  to  naail  to. 
The  doctor  said,  if  he'd  hed  a  good  constitution  he  could  hev  reighted 
him  up,  bud  you  sea  he'd  drunk  soa  hard,  ther'  was  noht  to  naail  to. 

NOISE,  TO  MAKE.— To  scold. 

He's  alus  makiri  a  noise  aboot  sum'at  ;  you  should  nobbut  hev 
heard  him  'cos  he  could  n't  find  th'  kerk-screw.  He  said  he'd  a  drawer 
full  on  "em,  and  sumbody  hed  hidden 'd  'em  all. 

NOISING,  NOISING    ABOUT.— Making  a  noise. 

"  Rook,  crow  and  jackdaw  noising  loud." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,^  p.  4. 

"  I  doan't  like  Drewry's  Raw  an'  th'  Skreeds,  ther's  alus  sich  an  a 
many  bairns  noisin'  aboot." — Ashby,  1885. 

NOM.— See  NUM. 

NO  MAN'S  FRIEND. —Two  almost  circular  loops  which 
formerly  existed  in  the  course  of  the  river  Trent,  in  the 
parish  of  Lea.  The  river  broke  through  the  more  northern 
one  in  1792.  In  1795,  an  engraver,  of  the  name  of  Gurnill, 
who  lived  at  Gainsburgh,  published  a.  map  of  these  loops. 
Copies  exist  which  present  variations  from  each  other. 
All  are  very  rare.  The  one  now  before  me  is  entitled, 
"  A  draft  of  the  two  remarkable  rounds  in  the  river  Trent, 
near  Bole  and  Burton,  Nottinghamshire." 

NO  MAN'S  LAND.— Small  portions  of  land  that  have  not  an 
owner. 

"  In  other  cases  little  odds  and  ends  of  unused  land  remained,  which 
from  time  immemorial  were  called  no  man's  land,  or  any  one's  land,  or 
Jack's  land,  as  the  case  might  be." — Seebohm,  Eng.  VilL  Community,  p.  6. 

In  a  charter  of  Withlaf,  King  of  the  Mercians,  to  Croyland  Abbey, 
dated  on  the  feast  of  St.  Augustine,  "  apostoli  nostrae  gentis,"  833, 
mention  is  made  of  "  crux  lapidea  distans  a  namanlandhirne  per  quinque 
perticatas." — Birch,  Cartulariuin  Saxonicitm,  i.,  568.  This  document  is, 
however,  either  a  mediaeval  forgery  [or  a  genuine  charter,  the  text  of 
which  has  been  tampered  with, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  375 

Stowe,  the  chronicler,  mentions  a  place  near  the  battle-field  of 
Towton  called  "  No  Man's  Lande,"  p.  413,  as  quoted  in  Archaologia, 
xxi:;.,  344,  n. 

At  Thorington,  Suffolk,  there  is  a  cottage  called  Nowhere  House  built 
on  a  piece  of  ground  which  was  formerly  extra-parochial.  See  Hill, 
Registers  of  Thorington,  p.  49. 

NO  MATTERS.— Unwell,  poorly. 


Aunt : 
Niece : 
A  unt : 
Niece : 
common. 


How's  thy  muther  ?  " 

Thank  you,  she:s  nod  matters." 

Hev  you  sent  for  th'  doctor  yit  ? " 

Noa;    she's  nobbut  e'   th'   ohd    waay,   noht    warse    then 


NO-NATION-PLACE.—  A  place  that  is  lonely,  difficult  of 
access,  or  far  away. 

I'd  sooner  go  to  Gaainsbr'  Ewnion  then  let  mysen  to  live  in  a  no-naation- 
plaace  like  that. 

NONSENSE.  —  Anything  that  the  speaker  strongly  disapproves 
of,  though  by  no  means  nonsense  in  the  strict  meaning  of 
the  word. 

Noo  then,  you'll  cum  awaay,  I'll  hev  noa  nonsense  atween  you  an"  a 
trolloppin'  lass  like  that. 

I'll  hev  noa  moore  nonsense  wi  ye  ;  you'll  paay  me  th'  munny  this 
very  daay,  or  I'll  law  ye  for  it. 

NONE-SO-PRETTY.—  Saxifrage. 

NO-NOHTLY.—  Worthless,  evil. 

I  alus  knew  he  was  a  no-nohtly  soort  on  a  man,  bud  I  did  n't  think 
he'd  hev  been  up  to  a  trick  like  this  here. 

NOO.  —  Now.     See  Now  AND  AGAIN. 

NOODLE.  —  A  foolish  person. 

If  you  talk  in  that  waay,  Tom,  iv'rybody  will  think  you  're  a  noodle. 


NOOK.  —  A  corner,  now  only  used  in  place-names  as 

a  place  where  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  abuts  on 
Risby  and  Appleby  ;  Black-walk-wo0£,  a  place  where  the 
townships  of  Scotter,  Manton,  and  Cleatham  join. 

NOOKINS,  s.  pi.—  The  corners  of  a  stack. 
NOP.—  See  KNOP. 
NOPE.—  A  blow  on  the  head. 

NOR.—  Than. 

I've  gotten  a  vast  sight  moore  brass  nor  thoo  hes. 

'NORMOUS.—  Enormous. 


376  MANLEV    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

NOSE,  v. — To  reproach. 

He's  alus  nodsin  him  wi'  it,  meet  him  wheare  he  will. 
I'll  nodse  him  wi'  it,  you  may  depend,  as  soon  as  he  cum's  oot  o' 
prison. — Messingham,  April,  1887. 

NOSE,  TO  PUT  OUT  OF  JOINT.— To  become  possessed 
in  some  unfair  manner  of  a  right  or  favour  that  was 
another's.  Commonly  used  in  affairs  of  love. 

"  Lest  the  wench  .  .  .  should  put  your  nose  out  of  joynt." — 
Benard,  Terence,  107. 

NOSE-HOLES.— The  nostrils. 

NOT  ALL  THERE.— Not  right  sharp;  half  idiotic. 

NO'TH  (noth).— The  north. 

NOTHE^l,  A.— An  other. 

"  New  wheel  and  a  nother  mending,  75.  6d. " — Northorpe  Ace.,  1782. 

NOTHINK  (the  o  as  o  in  dog).— Nothing. 

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE  TIDE.  — The  Fresh  (q.v.)  in  the 
river  Trent. 

When  there  is  a  Nottinghamshire  tide  our  clew-head  doors  at 
Butterwick  don't  open,  sometimes,  for  a  week  together. — G.  L.,  East 
Butterwick,  July  19,  1881. 

NOUNCE.— An  ounce. 

A  quart  en  o'  tea  fer  my  missis,  an'  a  noonce  o'  bacca'  fer  my  sen. 

NOW  AND  AGAIN.— Very  frequently. 

I  ve  tell'd  her  now  an'  agedn  to  shut  doors  efter  her,  bud  it's  all  tonoa 
ewse. 

NOWS  AND  THENS.— Now  and  then  ;  occasionally. 

"  He  could  have  a  labourer  ;  if  not  always,  nows  and  thens  to  help 
him." — Lawrence  Cheny,  Ruth  and  Gabriel,  i.,  39. 

NOWSTRIL  (noust  ril).— (i)  The  nostril. 
(2)  A  blow  on  the  head. 

NOZZLE.— (i)  The  nose. 

(2)  The  spout  of  a  pump,  a  tap  or  any  such  thing. 

In  1614,  the  authorities  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  bought 
six  nuzzles  for  55 — Rogers'  Hist.  Agric.  <&>  Prices,  vol.  vi.,  p.  588. 

NUDGE.— To  follow  after  closely. 

Mr.  .  .  .  goas  his  sen  to  th'  shop,  if  it  be  but  for  a  penn'o'th  o' 
salt,  bud  he  alus  hes  his  sarvant  lass  nudgin  a  hint  him,  to  hug  it  hoam. 


MANLEY  ANi>  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  377 

NULL,  v. — To  lull,  allay,  or  assuage  pain. 

Mary's  tooth  stangs  soa,  I'm  gooin'  to  gie  her  sum  lodlum  to  mill  it. 

NULLAH. — A  drain  (probably  obsolete). 

"The  dikes  or  nullahs  by  which  the  fresh  waters  in  time  of  flood 
found  a  more  direct  course  to  the  Trent." — Stonehouse,  Hist.  Isle  of 
Axholme,  xv. 

NUM  BANK. — When  a  breach  happens  in  a  bank,  it  is  often 
impossible  to  make  another  bank  on  the  exact  spot  where 
the  old  one  stood  ;  in  that  case,  a  circle  of  earth  is  made 
round  the  breach  which  is  called  a  num  bank.  The  act 
of  doing  this  has  acquired  the  name  of  Humming,  or 
nomming. 

"For  making  num  bank  20  roods  at  is. 3^." — Bottesford  Moors 
Ace.,  1812. 

You  knaw  wheare  that  gyme  is  at  Mo'ton  ;  well,  when  th'  Trent  bank 
brust,  it  wesh'd  a  grut  hoale,  an'  thaay'd  it  to  nom  roond  afoore  thaay 
could  stop  it. — East  Butterwick,  1876. 

NUMB-HEAD,  NUMB-SKULL.— A  blockhead. 

There  used  to  be  a  house  at  West  Butterwick  called  Numb-skull 
Hall.— PP.  E.  H. 

NUMERATE,  v. — To  increase  in  number. 

Them  primroases  nnmeraates  fast,  Miss.  Bud  a  few  year  sin  ther'  was 
hardlins  one  to  see  e'  th'  wood,  an'  noo  ther's  cloods  on  'em. — Hannah 
Todd,  March,  1878. 

NUNTY. — Slovenly;  dowdy;  unfashionable. 

NUR. — (i)  A  small  ball  such  as  that  used  in  the  game  of 
hockey. 

(2)  The  head. 

41  I'll  fetch  the  a  cloot  oher  thy  nur  if  ta'  duz  n't  ho'd  thy  noise,  an' 
soon. 

NUR-SPELL  AND  DANDY.— The  game  of  hockey. 

NUT.— (i)  The  head. 

I'll  warm  thy  nut  for  the. — Nov.  27,  1874. 

(2)  The  cavity  in  the  head  just  below  the  ears.  To  put  up 
the  nuts,  that  is  to  press  the  thumbs  into  these  cavities,  is  a 
cruel  punishment  inflicted  by  boys  on  each  other. 

NUZZLE,  v. — To  caress,  as  a  baby  does  it's  mother  by  pressing 
its  face  against  her. 


878  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

"  Makes  my   coy   minx   to   nussell   twixt   the  breasts  of  her  lull'd 
husband." — Marston,  What  You  Will,  Act  iii.,  sc.  i. 
"  The  blackbird  on  her  grassy  nest 

We  would  not  scare  away  ; 
Who,  nuzzling  sat  with  brooding  breast 
On  her  eggs  for  half  the  day." 

John  Clare,  Life  and  Remains,  p.  162. 

NYFLE,  v.— To  steal. 

It's  to  noa  ewse  hevin'  apple-treas  i'  hedge-raws.  Th'  bairns  alus 
nyfles  all  th'  apples  afoore  thaay're  mella'. 

I  want  sum  correction  doin1,  squire  ;  them  foaks  fra  As'by  cums  an' 
nyfles  all  my  mushrooms  afoore  we  're  stirrin'  in  a  mornin'. — 1886. 


MANLEV  AND  CORRIKGHAM  WORDS.         370 


o 


O.— Who. 

"  Praise  him  0  made  the  night." — Sampler  wrought  at  Winterton,  1802. 

OAK  APPLES.— Oak-galls. 

OAT-GRASS,—  Avena  pratensis. 

"  On  the  oat-grass  and  the  sword-grass,  and  the  bulrush  in  the  pool." — 
Tennyson,  New  Year's  Eve. 

OATS.— 

"  If  you  cut  oats  green 

You  get  both  king  and  queen." 

That  is  if  oats  be  not  cut  before  they  seem  fully  ripe,  the  largest 
grains  which  are  at  the  top  of  the  heads  will  probably  fall  out  and  be 
lost. 

OAVER.— Over,  more  than. 

OBBUT,^.— Oh!  but. 
Child:  "I  shan't." 

Mother  :  "  Obbut  you  will,  or  I'll  leather  you  as  long  as  I  can  stan* 
oher  you." 

OBEDIENCE.— A  bow  or  a  curtsey. 

You  mun  alus  mak  yer  obedience  to  th"  parson. 

OBJECT. — A   deformed,   diseased,    slatternly,    or    ill-dressed 
person. 

She  duz  look  a  object  wi'  that  ohd  bonnet  on. 

OBSTEER.— Stubborn,  sulky,  awkward. 

Charlie's  a  real  obsteer  man,  bud  he's  noht  so  bad  as  his  faather  ewsed 
to  be. — Yaddlethorpe,  May  29,  1887. 

OBSTROPOLOUS,  ^'.—Obstreperous. 

OCCUPATION  ROAD.— A  private  road  ;  a  road  only  used  by 
the  owners  of  lands  which  adjoin  it. 

OCEAN. — A  large  quantity  of  anything. 

Ther's  odceans  o'  taaters  here  to-year,  bud  I  tell  the,  mun,  that  th' 
better  part  on  'ems  getten  th'  demmuck.— Amcotts,  September  6,  1877. 

My  dearest  a  me  what  odceans  o'  books  ther'  is  in  this  here  room, 
squire. 


880  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

OCKER  (ok-ur).— Ochre. 

OCTOBER-SUMMER. — A  few  warm  days  coming  together  in 
October. 

'OD. — A  contraction  of  the  word  God,  used  after  the  manner  of 
an  oath. 

ODD,  adj. — Single  ;  lonely. 

An  odd  hoose,  odd  tree,  odd  kitlin',  puppy,  pig,  chicken,  stocking,  &c. 
A  person  lamenting  over  the  present  bad  times,  said  to  the  writer, 
We  feals  it  e'  iverything,  sir;  why,  oor  parson   ewsed   to  keap   two 
curates,  bud  noo  he's  a  gooin'  to  mak  shift  wi'  a  odd  un. 

A  Primitive  Methodist  local  preacher  in  the  Messingham  Chapel 
about  forty  years  ago,  was  advocating  the  missionary  cause.  Describing 
the  heathen,  he  said,  Them  poor  creaturs  weds  as  mony  wives  as  iver 
thaay've  a  mind  to,  but  th'  Testament  says,  as  clear  as  daayleet,  we're 
nobbut  to  hev  a  odd  'un  a-peace. 

He  lives  e'  a  odd  hoose  upo'  th'  Warpin'  Bank  side. 
"  The  king's  son  have  I  landed  by  himself; 
Whom  I  left  cooling  of  the  air  with  sighs 
In  an  odd  angle  of  the  isle." 

The  Tempest,  Act  i.,  sc.  2,  1.  223. 

ODD  END,  THE.— The  odd  trick  at  whist. 

ODD  JOBS,  s.  pi. — Various  small  things  on  a  farm,  or  in  a  large 
household,  which  require  doing,  but  belong  to  no  person's 
regular  work. 

ODLING  (od-ling). — (i)  An  orphan  ;  a  solitary  person  or  thing. 
My  wife's  dead,  an'  all  my  bairns  is  dead,  an'  I'm  noht  noa  better 
then  a  odlin1  noo. — Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

(2)  A  single  chicken  or  duck  of  a  brood,  when  all  the  others 
have  died. 

ODDMENTS,  s.  ^/.—Fragments,  trifles,  odds  and  ends. 

ODD  MAN. — A  labourer  ;  usually  an  old  man  employed  on  a 
farm  to  do  odd  jobs  (q.v.) 

ODD-OVER-EVEN.— A  boys'  game,  played  with  buttons, 
marbles,  or  halfpence. 

ODDS.— (i)  Consequence. 

What's  the  odds  noo,  how  thoo  was  treated  when  thoo  was  a  bairn ; 
it's  all  past  an'  dun  wi'. 

(2)  Variance. 

Thaay  fell  at  odds  sum'ats  aboot  dreanin'  Naathan  Land. 

ODDS  BOBS,  interj.—A.  humourous  exclamation  indicating 
surprise. 

Odds  Bobs  I  who  wo'd  ha'  expected  to  see  you  a  weet  daay  like  this. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  881 

ODER.— Other. 

1529.  "  On  vestment  of  blayk  chamelete  &  on  oder  of  greyne 
croylle." — Kirton-on-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace. 

'OD  ROT  IT,  'OD  RABBIT  IT,  'OD  SINK  IT,  'OD  BON 
IT,  'OD  GO'S  IT.— Oaths. 

OF,  prep.— (i)  On. 

It  happen 'd  of  Christmas  Daay  neet  five-an-tho'ty  year  sin. 
"  For  rynginge  of  the  crownation  day." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace., 
1638. 

(2)  For. 

I've  been  hollerin'  0/thee  for  th'  last  hairf  hoor. 

(3)  In  (obsolete). 

"  That  none  shall  keep  commons  but  those  that  are  resident  of  their 
house  which  they  keep  commons  for." — Hibbaldstow  Court  Roll,  1613. 

OPENS  (auf-nz),  adv.— Often. 

I  of  ens  heard  tell  o'  fairies,  bud  I  niver  seed  noan  my  sen,  though  I'm 
sartan  sewer  'at  ther'  is  sich-like  things,  for  I  knaw'd  a  lass  real  well, 
an'  her  awn  muther  seed  'em  hersen  dancin'  upo'  Brumby  Common. 

OFF  AND  ON. — (i)  Now  and  then  ;  without  regularity. 

I  doant  do  it  at  noa  set  time,  bud  off  an1  on  like. 
(2)  Variable ;  changeable. 

He's  niver  steady,  alus  off  and  on  like  a  weather  cock  in  a  strong  wind. 

OFFER,  v.— To  try  ;  to  attempt. 

If  he  offers  to  stir  knock  him  doon  streight  off. 

I  shan't  offer  to  speak  to  him  aboot  business  if  he  cums. 

OFFER  CAKE.— See  HOPPER  CAKE. 

OFFIL,  OFFILOUS.— (i)  Bad  ;  worthless. 

She's  a  sore  offil  lookin'  creatur  as  onybody  could  leet  on  in  a  twelve- 
munth. 

He's  a  offilous  chap. 

"  For  chippes  and  off  all  wood  of  the  tree  felled  to  make  the  churche 
porch  ijs.  iiijd." — Churchwarden's  Ace.,  Stamford,  Berkshire,  1596,  in  The 
Antiquary,  May,  1888,  p.  211. 

(2)  In  bad  health. 

Master  :  "  How's  your  wife  to-day,  Smith  ?" 

Labourer :  "  Well,  thank  you,  sir,  she's  nobbud  offil,  very  offil,  I  doanf 
think  as  iver  she  mends  oht. 

OFFILS. — (i)  Refuse  of  any  kind,  but  more  particularly  refuse 
of  corn. 

(2)  Pigs'  feet,  ears,  &c, 


382  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

OFF'N  (lit.  off  from).—  Off. 

If  ye  fall  o/'n  that  stee  you'll  kill  yer  sen. 

OFFISH,  adj.  —  Distant  in  manner;  unapproachable. 

He  Stan's  no  chanch  o'  gettin'  into  Parliament  ;  he's  oher  offish. 

OHD.—  Old. 

OHD-CHAP,  GENTLEMAN,  LAD,  MAN,  NICK,  SCRAT, 
SAM,  UN.—  The  devil. 

OHD-FASHIONED.  —  Sharp,  witty,  clever,  precocious. 

Our  "Liza  Jaane's  that  ohd-fashion'd  'at  one  wo'd  think  her  head  hed 
been  roahlin'  aboot  e'  a  chech  yard  for  a  hunderd  year  afoore  she  was 
iver  born. 

OHD-FERRAND,  OWD-FARRAND,^.—  (i)  Old-fashioned. 
Ther's  a  real  ohd-ferrand  stoan  walled  i'to  Creole  chech. 

(2)  Sharp,  witty,  clever,  precocious. 

He's  a  ohd-farrand  bairn  he  is  ;  he'd  mak  a  pig  laugh  when  he's 
up  to  his  gams. 

OHD  HUNX.—  (i)  A  dirty  old  man. 
(2)  A  miser. 

OHD  MAN.—  (i)  A  kind  of  apple. 
(2)  A  husband. 

OHD  MILK.—  Skimmed  milk. 

OHD  PARTIC'LERS.—  Very  old  friends. 

Him  an'  me's  ohd  partic'lers  ;  we'veknaw'd  one  anuther  for  sixty  year. 

OHD  SOW.—  See  Sow. 

OHD  STANDARDS.—  (i)  Aged  people  who  have  long  lived 
in  one  neighbourhood. 

Ohd  standards  ewst  to  call  th'  plaace  e1  Bottesford  chech,  wheare 
your  laadies  sits,  th'  Paapist  quere,  on  accoont  o'  it  belongin1  e'  former 
times  to  th'  Morla's  o1  Holme. 

(2)  Old  families. 
11  They  had  b 
ohd  standards  by  the  rustics  around."  —  Mabel  Heron,  i.  56. 


They  had  been  there  quite  long  enough  to  be  counted  among  the 
da 


OHD  STREET.—  The  Ermine  Street  ;  the  Roman  way  from 
Lincoln  to  the  Humber. 

OHD  WOMAN.—  Wife;  a  term  of  endearment. 

When  me  an1  my  ohd  woman  was  wed,  an'  th'  parson  an'  th'  clerk 
was  paaid,  we'd  nobbut  a  ha'p'ny  atween  us,  an'  we  chuck't  it  into 
Moor  Well  for  luck. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  383 

OHD  WOMAN'S  LUCK,  phr.— Having  the  wind  in  your  face 
going  and  returning. 

OHEN,  OHER  OHERD,  OHERN,  J>rep.—(i)  Over. 

He  was  cuvered  wi1  spots  all  ohen  him. 
Sumbody's  been  an1  chuck'd  th'  swill-tub  oher. 
It's  ohern  that  theare  wall. 

(2)  Above. 

It  weigh's  oher  eaghteen  stoan. 

(3)  Too. 

Thoo's  broht  oher  mony  apples  by  hairf. 

(4)  More  than. 

It's  oher  twenty  year  sin'. 

OVERALLS,  s.  pi. — Loose  garments  which  fit  over  the  lower 
parts  of  the  body,  and  button  up  on  the  outside  of  the 
legs,  used  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  the  breeches  or 
trousers  clean  in  riding.  Something  not  unlike  them  seems 
to  have  been  worn  in  the  last  century  and  called  trowsers. — 
See  James  Parry,  True  Anti-Pamela,  1741,  p.  189. 

OHER  AN'  OHER  AGEAN.— Very  frequently. 

OHER-DO. — To  weary ;  to  exert  oneself  too  much. 

He  oher-did  his  sen  wi'  warkin1  e'  th'  harvist  field,  an'  was  niver. 
reight  efter. 

(2)  To  injure  by  taking  too  much  of  anything,  as  drink  or 
or  medicine. 

I  soon  underfun"  'at  I'd  oher-dun  mysen  wi'  pills  as  druggister  gev 
me  agaain  indisgest'on. 

OHER-END.— Erect. 

"  What  hair  he  had  on  his  head  stood  over  end." — Gainsburgh  News, 
April  24,  1875. 

Set  them  sheaves  oher-end,  its  cumin'  up  fer  raain. 

Wheat's  back'ard,  but  it's  nistly  oher  end. — Aug.,  1886. 

I  niver  drink  no  tea  except  it's  that  strong  that  th1  spoon'll  stand  oher 
end  in  it,  or  a-nearly. 

He's  that  badly  he  can  nobbut  sit  oher-end  for  a  few  minutes  at  a 
time. 

OHER-GROW.— To  out-grow  one's  strength. 

Poor  thing  oher-graw'd  hersen,  an'  went  off  e'  a  decline  when  she  was 
e'  her  teens. 

OHER-LIG. — To  lie  too  late  in  bed  in  the  morning. 

I  ohcr-liggjd  my  sen,  an'  when  th'  missis,  she  com'  doon,  I  hed  n't 
gotten  a  thing  dun. 


384  MANLEY    ANt>    CORR1NGHAM    WORDS. 

OHER-LOOK.— To  bewitch. 

Th'  doctors  maay  saay  what  thaay  like  aboot  that  bairn,  I  tell  the 
its  oher-look'd  an'  noht  else  ;  an'  if  I'd  a  mind  I  could  mak  a  near  guess 
of  who's  dun  it. 

I've  hed  a  dreadful  bad  paain  e'  my  faace ;  missis  says  it's  tick,  bud  I 
think  noht  better  then  that  I've  been  oherlook'd  by  Billy  .  .  .  .— 
Bottesford,  1858. 

OHERNENST,  prep.— Overagainst. 

Th'  hohle  is  reight  ohernenst  Butler's  stack-yard. — Burringham, 
December  10,  1875. 

QHER-RUN.— To  get  the  better  of;  to  become  beyond  control ; 
said  of  intangible  things,  such  as  various  kinds  of  sickness. 
Bud  thoo  mun  do  as  th'  doctor  tells  us,  my  lad ;  if  thoo  duz  n't 
inf'ammation  '11  oher-mn  us,  an'  then  we  can't  do  oht  fer  the. 

OHER-SET.— (i)  To  overcome. 

Ther'  was  sumats  e'  th'  letter  as  real  oher-set  her. 
(2)  To  recover. 

I  did  not  think  he'd  oher-set  it,  bud  he  did. 

OHER-TAKEN,  pp.— Drunk. 

He  was  oher-taaken  agean  las'  neet  an'  11  hev  to  goa  to  Winterton. 

OHER-THE-LEFT,  phr.—In  debt. 

He's  gotten  sorely  oher-the-left  wi'  his  farm,  as  a  good  many  besides 
him  hes  e'  thease  times. — Corringham,  February,  1885. 

OHER-WELTED.— Overthrown  ;  said  of  sheep. 
OHRISH,  adj.— Wet,  dirty,  muddy. 

OHT.— Aught  ;  anything. 

A  farmer  given  to  grumbling  said,  "  When  trier's  oht,  it  maks  noht, 
an'  when  it  maks  oht,  ther's  noht." — Scotton,  1875.  He  meant  that 
when  there  were  good  crops,  prices  were  low,  and  that  when  prices  were 
high  there  was  nothing  to  sell. 

Fools  and  gentlemen  should  never  see  oht  on  a  job  till  it's  finished. 

Thoo'd  better  do  oht  then  noht. 

"  To  be  busied  in  toyes  is  to  small  purpose,  yet  hear  that  divine 
Seneca,  better  aliud  agere  quam  nihil;"  better  do  to  no  end  than 
nothing. — R.  Burton,  Anat.  Mel.  ed.  1652,  p.  5. 

It  is  said,  that  the  fathers  of  the  Desert,  for  the  sake  of  employment, 
"  made  baskets  of  palm  leaves  which  they  burnt  at  the  end  of  the  year, 
they  having  laboured  only  for  the  sake  of  employment  and  to  avoid 
idleness." — Alphonsus  Rodriguez,  Christian  Perfection,  Eng.  Trans., 
part  i.,  ch.  i. 

OHT,  pt.  t.  and  pp.— Ought.     See  OUGHT. 

Bairns  an'  wimmin'  oht  to  do  as  thaay 're  tell'd. 
Mother :  "  Did  ta  do  what  thy  faather  tell'd  thee  ?" 
Son  :  "  Noa." 

Mother :  "  Then  thoo  should  hev  oht  to ;  if  ta  duzn't  he'll  sewer  enif 
hide  ta  when  he  cums  fra'  wark." 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  385 

OILED  SLIPPERS,  TO  HAVE  ON,  ^Ar.— Meaning  to  be 
much  pleased  or  in  high  glee  concerning  anything. 

He's  been  upo"  Crossby  Common  an'  fun'  a  flint  arrow-head.  He 
hes  gotten  his  oiVd  slippers  on,  you  maay  depend  o'  that. 

OIL  OF  STRAP.— A  jocular  name  for  a  thrashing.  It  is  the 
custom  on  All  Fools'  Day  to  send  boys  to  the  saddlers  or 
shoemakers  for  a  pennyworth  of  oil  of  strap. 

OILS. — Any  sort  of  liniment,  whether  oil  forms  a  portion  of  it 
or  not. 

Father:  "  Goa  to  doctor !     That  he  shan't.      Noabody  ax'd  him  to 
clod  hissen  off  cart  that  how,  an'  I  weant  hev  wark  neglected." 
Mother :  "  Bud  he's  all  e'  a  peace  wi'  brewsis,  an'  that  stiff." 
Father  :  "  Well,  then,  we've  oaceans  o'  hoss-oils,  he  mun  tek  a  to'n  at 
them  ;  he's  not  agooin'  to  slatter  munny  away  wi'  docterin'. 

OISIER.— The  osier. 
OLD  SOW.— See  Sow. 

OLD  STREET.— (i)  The  Ermine  Street;  the  Roman  way 
leading  from  Lincoln  to  the  Humber.  Cf.  Barton  and 
Riseham  Turnpike  Act,  1795,  i. 

There  is  a  Roman  road  in  Berkshire,  between  Wantage  and 
Thatcham,  called  the  Old  Street-way. — Archzologia,  xv.,  184. 

(2)  Any  old  highway.  This  use  of  the  word  seems  to  be 
founded  on  the  assumption,  in  which  there  is  some  truth, 
that  many  of  the  highways  which  were  in  existence  before 
the  time  of  the  great  enclosures  are  of  Roman  origin. 

OLD  WOMAN.— Aconitum  napellus. 

OLLIBUT  (oHbut).— Halibut,  the  fish  so  called. 

'OMETER.— A  gasometer. 

On  a  certain  occasion  the  gas  at  Winterton  suddenly  went  out 
leaving  the  little  town  in  darkness.  The  explanation  given  to  an 
inhabitant  was,  "  Please,  sir,  thaay  're  trying  a  new  'ometer  at  the  gas- 
hoose. 

OMUST  (om-ust),  adv.— Almost. 

I  wanted  to  laugh  bud  I  omust  could  n't. — July  i,  1875. 

ON, prep.— (i)  Of. 

Some  on  'em  cum'd  past  here,  bud  I  did  n't  see  noan  on  'em. 

(2)  As  adj.     Tipsy. 

He  was  a  bit  on  last  neet,  bud  ther'  was  n't  much  matter  for  him 
like. 

(3)  Even  with;  revenged  upon. 

I'll  be  on  wi'  him  th'  next  time  he  gies  me  a  fair  chanch. 


386  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ON  END. — (i)  Upright  ;  perpendicular. 

You'll  find  them  pohls  in  on  end  agean  th'  bat-stack. 

(2)  Direct,  without  stopping. 

He  went  his  waay  strlght  on  end  an'  fetch'd  th'  policeman. 
He  swore  at  her  fer  ten  minutes  strlght  on  end. 

(3)  Sitting  up. 

He's  on  end  yet ;  bud  if  he  duzn't  tak'  care,  he'll  soon  be  e'  th'  bed- 
.     boddum. 

ONE  O'CLOCK.— Despatch  ;  rapidity. 

She's  a  bad  'un  at  startin',  but  when  sh  *  sets  off  she  goas  like  one 
o'clock. 

ONE  SIDE. — (i)  To  put  a  thing  on  one  side  is  to  put  it  away 
to  preserve  it. 

I've  put  that  cheney  inkstand  on  one  side,  afeared  it  should  be  gettin1 
brokken. 

(2)  To  decline  ;  to  reject. 

He  showed  me  a  lot  o'  cheap  pots  beside  them  I  boht,  bud  I  put  'em 
on  one  side,  for  I  didn't  want  'em. 

(3)  To  be  put  on  one  side  is  to  be  put  away ;  rejected  ;  turned 
off. 

Thaay  was  to  hev  been  married  this  here  Martlemas,  bud  he  put  her 
one  side,  when  he  fun  he'd  a  chanch  wi'  Mary  Ann. 

ONION. — Any  bulb  which  is  in  appearance  somewhat  like  an 
onion;  as  a  snowdrop,  a  jonquil,  or  a  hyacinth. 

ON  IT, /^.—Distressed. 

He's  sorely  on  it  yit,  'cause  his  wife's  runn'd  awaay  fra  him. — 
June  4,  1887. 

ONLY.— But. 

He  caame,  only  you  was  gone. 

I  should  hev  maade  th'  crew-yard  door,  only  th'  bull  cum'd  up  to  me 
an'  I  to'n'd  scared. — May  20,  1887. 

ON  TO. — One  who  talks  to  another  about  any  special  subject 
in  a  disagreeable  manner,  either  in  the  way  of  ridicule  or 
reprobation,  is  said  to  be  on  to  him  or  her  about  this  or  that. 

He  ewst  to  be  fond  o'  pickin'  up  curus  stoans  ther'  is  theare,  like 
shells  an'  things,  an'  his  foaks  was  alus  on  to  him  aboot  it  till  th'  poor 
bairn  could  hardlins  bear  his  sen. 

iim  was  alus  on  to  uther  foaks  aboot  sweetheartin',  scan'lus,  an'  noo 
e  hesn't  goan  an'  getten  married  his  sen. 

ONY  (on-i).— Any. 

ONY-HOW,  adv. — In  any  way  ;  by  any  means. 

You  alus  do  things  ony-how,  you  do  ;  if  ye  can't  do  'em  reight  you'd 
better  not  do  'em  at  all, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  887 

ONY-TIME.— (i)  Any  time. 

Ony-time  next  weak  that  suits  you  'all  do  fer  me. 

Ony-time's  noa  time,  do  it  this  minnit  and  then  it  '11  be  done  wi'. 

(2)  Ony-time  often  means  now ;  at  once. 

Mother  :  "  Jaane,  when  can  ye  goa  wi1  me  to  fetch  th1  kye  up  ?" 
Daughter  :  "  I'm  ready  ony-time." 

ONY-WHEN.— At  any  time. 

I'll  goa  any -when  you  like,  if  nobbut  it  duz  n't  raain. 

GOT  (oot),  prep.— Out.     See  OUT. 

She  was  oot  o'  doors  that  cohd  daay  for  more  then  a  nooer,  an'  hed 
n't  been  confined  eight  an'  fo'ty  hooers. 

OPPEN  (op-n).— Open. 

OPPEN,  THE.— An  open  or  unshaded  place. 
It's  very  cohd  e'  th1  oppen. — March  21,  1884. 

OPPEN-ARSE,  OPPEN-HEART.— A  medlar. 

"  I  fare  as  doth  an  open  ers; 
That  ilke  fruit  is  euer  linger  the  wers, 
Til  it  be  rotten  in  mullok,  or  in  stre." 

Chaucer,  Reve's  Prologue. 

"As  useless  as  open-arses  gathered  green." — Th.  Killigrew,  Parson's 
Wedding,  Act  ii.,  sc.  2. 

OPPEN-GILT.— A  female  pig  that  has  not  been  operated  upon 
to  hinder  her  from  having  young. 

OPPEN  OOT. — (i)  To  mow  a  portion  of  grass  or  corn  for  the 
purpose  of  making  a  starting  place  for  a  reaping  machine 
to  begin  work. 

(2)  To  use  violent  language. 

He  did  oppen  oot  at  Brigg  at  th'  'lection  time  ;  I  really  could  n't  hev 
beleaved  it  on  him  if  I'll  not  heard  it."    Said  of  the  author,  April,  1880. 

OPPEN  WEATHER.— Warm,  genial  weather  in  winter,  not 
frosty. 

ORANGE-FLOWER  TREE.— Philadelphia  coronarius.  From 
the  shape  and  perfume  of  the  flowers  bearing  some 
resemblance  to  those  of  the  orange-blossom. 

ORDER,  TO  TAKE.- — To  take  order  with  a  person  is  to  compel 
him  to  do  orderly  or  rightly.  It  does  not  necessarily  signify 
to  punish,  though  punishment  may  be  often  included  in  its 
meaning. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

ORDINARY.— Poor  in  quality;  third  rate  ;  ill. 

Ohd  taaters  gets  very  ordinary  afoore  new  'uns  cums  in. 
W     ...     S     ...     is  nobbut  very  ordinary  noo.     I  doant  think 
my  sen  he's  long  for  this  warld. 

ORIGINAL,  ORYGINALD.— A  male  Christian  name. 

"  Oryginald  Smyth  was  fined  at  a  Court  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in- 
Llndsey,  held  in  the  aoth  of  Elizabeth,  for  an  assault  on  John  Base." — 
Manor  Roll,  sub  anno. 

Original  Peart,  was  a  burgess  of  Lincoln  during  the  time  of  the 
Commonwealth .  A  person  called  Original  Skepper  was  living  at  or  near 
Saxilby,  about  the  year  1855. 

"There  was  an  Original  Sibthorp  living  in  the  Sixteenth  Century." — 
See  Life  of  R.  W.  Sibthorp,  p.  375. 

"jOriginall  Byron,  of  Stoakham,  was  one  of  the  apprisers  of  the  goods 
of  Gervase  Markham,  a  Nottinghamshire  gentleman,  in  1636." — 
Academy,  May  13,  1876,  p.  458. 

"  The  Babingtons  of  Rampton,  co.  Notts  ;  and  the  Markhams,  of 
Lambcote  Grange,  co.  York,  used  Original  for  a  Christian  name  in  the 
Seventeenth  Century." — See  Hunter's  Sonth  Yorks,  i.,  259, 

ORIGINAL,  adj. — "This  epithet  of  original  is  frequently  made 
use  of  in  the  Isle  [of  Axholme] ,  to  designate  anything  highly 
esteemed.  It  has  arisen  probably  from  its  being  applied  to 
the  old  inhabitants  to  distinguish  them  from  the  Dutch 
settlers.  So  even  now,  we  have  it  perpetually  used  when  a 
man  gets  a  little  joyous  over  his  cups,  "  You  are  my  original 
friend,"  i.e.,  as  was  meant  by  those  who  first  used  the 
expression,  "  You  are  not  one  of  those  scamping  Dutchmen, 
but  one  of  the  original,  or  aboriginal  inhabitants  of  the 
country." — Stonehouse,  Hist.  Isle  of  Axholme,  p.  244. 

ORTS,  s.jo/.— (i)  Worthless  things;  rubbish;  especially  the 
waste  left  in  spinning. 

(2)  A  term  of  contempt. 

Thaay  mak  orts  o'  me  noo,  'cos  thaay  think  I'm  a  worn-oot  ohd  man, 
an'  good  to  noht.  Thaay  didn't  ewsed  to  do  so  once. — Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

O'T.— Of  the. 

Get  oot  o't'  hoose  wi1  the,  thoo  loongin1  theaf. 

OTCHARD.— Orchard. 

O'TCHEN. — An  urchin,  that  is,  a  hedge-hog. 

You're  as  full  o'  lees  as  a  otchen  is  o'  prickles. 

He's  getten  his  back  up  like  a  otchen  gooin'  a  crabbin' ;  said  of  a  person 
who  is  in  a  very  bad  temper. 

"  Wheare     .     .     .     th'  otchins  ligs  hid  i'  winter.'' — Mabel  Peacock, 
Tales  and  Rhymes  in  the  Lindsey  Folk  Speech,  1886,  p.  129.     See 
OTCHEN, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  389 

OTHER  SOME,  adj.  pi.— Others. 

I  grew  seventy  aacre  o'  taaties  that  year ;  sum  I  sell'd  afoore 
Christmas  at  twelve  shillin'  a  seek,  uther  sum  I  kep' while  May-da',  an1 
nobbut  maade  eaghteen  pence  on  'em. 

OTHER  WHERE.— Elsewhere. 

I've  been  lookin'  for  it  all  oher  an'  can't  find  it ;  mester  mun  hev 
hidden'd  it  uther  whedre. 

"  Mr.  George,  a  Parliament  man,  was  taken  otherwhere." — Rel.  of  Action 
before  Cirencester,  1642,  p.  n. 

"  I  saw  this  gent,  in  consultation  there  and  at  several  other  places, 
at  Sir  William  Brereton's,  and  otherwhere." — Trial  of  the  Regicides, 
1660,  p.  162. 

OTHER  WHILES,  adv.—M  other  times. 

Sumtimes  I  goas  oot  taatiein',  utherwhiles  I  mak'  a  bit  by  knittin'. 
"  Me  may  yse  a  bondemannes  sone  o]>er  wule  kni3t  bi  come." — Rob. 
of  Gloucester,  Chronicle  ed.,  W.  A.  Wright,  p.  157,  1.  2213. 

OTTER. — An  iron  affixed  to  an  axle-tree  for  the  wheels  to  butt 
against,  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  them  at  their  proper 
width  apart. 

OUGHT.— We  use  phrases  such  as  "  did  0^,"  and  "  didn't 
ought ;"  "  had  ought  "  and  "hadn't  ought ;"  "  should  ought" 
and  "  shouldn't  ought" 

Thaay  shouldn't  ought  to  press  a  strlght-gooin'  man  for  his  rent  up  to 
th'  very  daay,  i"  times  like  thease. — November,  1886. 

Now,  Master  Edward,  you  doan't  ought  to  talk  in  that  waay,  it's  real 
vulgar. 

I  should  n't  have  ought  to  ha'  dun  it. 

OUT.— (i)  From  home. 

I've  been  to  see  him  three  or  foher  times,  bud  he's  alus  oot  when 
iver  I  goa. 

(2)  To  turn  out ;  to  eject. 

Matthew  Emerson  was  ooted  fra  his  farm  thrif  poisonin'  Dr. 
Parkinson's  pheasants. 

"  Digby  was  the  cause  that  I  was  outed  from  my  command  in 
Wales.'' — Symond's  Diary,  1645,  p.  269. 

"  How  many  were  outed  of  their  freeholds,  liberty  and  livelihood." — 
James  Howell,  Sober  Inspec.  into  Carriage  of  Long  Parl.,  1656,  p.  156. 
Cf.  Chaucer's  use  of  outen. 

OUT  AND  OUT.— Excellent  ;  first  rate. 

I  reckon  John  Bright  oot  an'  oot  the  best  speaker  that  ther'  is. 

OUTBEARING,  adj. — Outrageous  ;  outraging  common-sense, 
decency,  or  religion  ;  monstrous. 

"  It's  a  straange  oot-bedrin1  thing  fer  onybody  to  saay  as  thaay  can 
raaise  the  sperrits  of  dead  foaks,  or  to  try  to  do  sich  an'  a  thing." — 
W.  T.,  1877. 

"I  was  at   B     ...     last  week,  an'  thaay  tell 'd  me  theare,  that 
W     .     .     .     was  the  oot-bedrin' est  man  onybody  iver  cum'd  across ;  it's 
a  good  thing  as  he's  e'  prison." — F.  M.,  June  9, 1877. 
G 


390  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

OUTCASTS,  s.pl. — Inferior  sheep  culled  out  of  the  rest  of  the 
flock. 

"Fifty-two  weathers  and  hogges,  outcasts." — Inventory  of  Sir  John 
Anderson,  of  Braughton,  1671,  in  [Sir  C.  H.  J.  Anderson's]  Hist,  of 
Lea,  25. 

OUT-DOOR  WORK.— Work  done  outside  the  house,  such  as 
chopping  sticks,  washing,  or  sweeping  a  court-yard. 

I've  gen  noatice  to  leave ;  I  was  hired  as  a  in-door  sarvant  an'  noo 
thaay  want  to  put  all  th'  oot-door  wark  upon  me. 

OUT  END.— The  ultimate  end,  used  of  a  funeral. 
Poor  ohd  Thomas,  I've  seed  th'  out  end  on  him  at  last. 

OUT  OF  ALL  REASON.— Quite  unreasonable. 
It's  oot  o'  all  reason  to  paay  twice  oher  fer  one  job. 

OUT  OF  FETTLE.— In  bad  condition,  said  of  cattle,  land, 
&c.  See  FETTLE. 

OUT-OF-HIS-HEAD,  OFF-HIS-HE  AD.— Delirious  ;  insane. 
Poor  chap,  he's  oot  of  his  head ;  thaay've  sent  him  to  a  watterin' 
plaace,  an'  if  that  duz'nt  do  he'll  hev  to  gca  to  th'  'sylum. — September 
6.  1888. 

OUT  OF  SORTS.— (i)  Poorly. 
(2)  In  bad  spirits. 

OUT  OF  SQUARE.— Irregular  ;  lobsided ;  untrustworthy  in 
character. 

"  He  brought  all  out  of  square." — Bernard,  Terence,  61. 

OUTS,  AT. — In  a  disagreement. 

Thaay  fell  at  oots  last  Brigg  fair  was  three  year,  an'  hev'  n't  bed  a 
good  word  for  one  anuther  sin'. 

OUTWEN.— Backwater  (q.v.) 

OVEN  SIDE. — The  side  of  the  fireplace  next  the  door  of  the 
oven ;  a  place  where  the  good  man  of  the  house  does  not  sit, 
least  he  should  often  have  to  "  remble  "  (q.v.) 

OVERCAST. — Overthrown  ;  said  of  sheep. 

Run  an'  reightle  yon  yoh,  she's  gotten  her  sen  oher-cast,  an"  '11  soon 
dee  this  hot  daay. 

OVER-STOCKED. — Too  much  distended  ;  commonly  applied 
to  the  udder  of  a  cow  that  has  not  been  milked  at  the 
proper  time. 

OWDACIOUS,  *#.— Audacious. 

He's  the  owdaaciousest  lad  i'  ten  townships. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  891 

OWLER.— The  alder. 

The  form  ouller  is  used  in  Brereton's  Travels,  1635,  and  owler  in 
Cotton's  Angler.  See  quotations  in  Murray's  Diet.,  sub  voc.  alder. 

OWN  (oan),  v.—(i)  To  confess. 

I  seed  you  steal  it  mysen,  so  you'd  as  well  own  it. 
(2)  To  recognise. 

I  own'd  'em  at  once  as  soon  as  I  seed  'em. 

OWN  MAN. — To  be  one's  own  man  is,  be  sensible,  able  to 
control  one's  words  and  actions  and  to  transact  business. 

I  bed  bed  a  sup  o'  drink,  I  awn  that,  but  I  was  my  own  man  sewer 
enif,  an'  could  manage  a  horse  then  as  well  as  I  could  noo. — Ashby, 
January,  1881. 

A  woman  who  had  suffered  from  erysipelas  in  the  head  said,  "  I'm 
not  my  awn  woman  yit.  bud  I  am  a  woman  to  what  I  vfa.s."—-Winterton, 
January  15,  1880. 

OWSE,  v.— To  bail  water. 

OXG  ANG. — An  ancient  measure  of  land.  The  quantity  varied 
according  to  the  nature  of  the  soil.  The  oxgang  was  in  use 
as  a  measure  in  the  manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  in  1787. 
See  PLOUGH-LAND. 

OX-HARROWS.— Harrows  furnished  with  hales  (q.v.)  and 
long  teeth,  drawn  by  four  horses  ;  perhaps  so  called  because 
they  are  the  kind  formerly  drawn  by  oxen. 

"Item  ij  harrowes  with  yron  tethe  ij  oxe  harrowes  of  wodd  &  ij  horse 
harrowes  of  wodd." — Inventory  of  John  Nevell,  of  Faldingworth,  1553,  in 
Midi.  Cos.  Hist.  Col.,  i.,  231. 


892  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 


PACK. — A  worthless  person. 

He's  as  sore  a  pack  as  walks  shoe-leather  ;  not  wo'th  his  meat. 

"Pamphilius  .  .  .  used  this  strange  naughty  pack  euen  as  his 
•wife." — Bernard,  Terence,  u. 

"What  does  this  idle  pack  want?" — N.  Bailey,  Colloq.  of  Erasmus, 
1725.  P-  37- 

PACKING. — (i)     Part    of     the    under-gear    of    a    waggon. 

See  BED. 
(2)  The  wood  into  which  iron  axle-tree  ends  are  fixed. 

PACK  OFF,  1).—  To  send  away. 
I  pack'd  her  off  wi'  oot  warnin'. 

PACKS,  s.  pi. — Heavy  masses  of  cloud. 

PACKY  WEATHER.— When  there  are  packs  in  the  air. 
See  above. 

PAD.— (i)  A  path. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  two  pads  oher  th'  Well-yard,  bud  Mr.  Fox  stopp'd 
'em  boath  up. — Northorpe,  1879. 

(2)  The  ordinary  course  of  doing  anything. 

"  It  \vas  his  reg'lar  pad  to  goa  hev  a  glass  o'  gin  at  th'  Ewnicorn  at 
eleven  e'  th'  foorenoon." — W.  E.  H.,  Kirton-in-Lmdsey ,  1880. 

PADDED. — Beaten  smooth  by  the  footsteps  of  man  or  beast ; 
said  of  a  path  across  a  newly-ploughed  field  or  of  one  covered 
with  snow  or  newly-laid  gravel. 

If  ye  're  gooin'  to  Yalthrup  you  mun  walk  e'  hoss-road  ;  snaw  is  n't 
padded  upov  causey. 

PADDICK.— A  paddock. 

PADDLE. — (i)  To  wade  in  shallow  water. 

My  faather  once  catched  me  paddlin'  e'  th'  beck  agean  th'  watter 
miln ;  bud  my  wo'd  he  soon  bundled  me  off  hoam. 

(2)  To  walk  to  and  fro  with  wet,  muddy,  or  ungainly  feet. 
Them  bairns  hes  been  paddlin'  yon  clean  floor  fra  end  to  end. 
Mrs.     .     .     .     ducks  hes  paddl'd  them  pay-raws  o'  oors  while  noht  'H 
graw,  you'll  see. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  398 

PADDY. — A  bricklayer's  paddy  is  his  labourer  who  brings  him 
stones  or  bricks  and  mortar. 

PADDY  NODDY.— A  long  tedious  tale. 

The  lawyer  begun  to  tell  a  straange  paddy-noddy  aboot  a  chap  thaay 
call'd  By  water;  but  as  Id  heard  it  a  hunderd  times  afoore,  I  slotted 
off  i'to  th'  kitchen. 

PAG.— (i)  To  carry. 

It's  oher  heavy,  I  can't  pag  it. 
(2)  Used  when  one  person  carries  another  on  his  shoulders. 

PAG-RAG-DAY.— The  fourteenth  of  May,  which  is  the  day 
on  which  yearly  servants,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Trent, 
leave  their  places  ;  so  called  because  they  pag  their  rags 
away  on  that  day.  See  above. 

"His  poor  father  was  slaain  last  pag-rag-day." — A  Lincolnshire 
Dialogue,  Notes  and  Queries,  iii.,  s.,  vol.  vii.,  p.  31. 

"  Molly  was  at  liberty  on  pag-rag-day." — Lawrence  Cheny,  Ruth  and 
Gabriel,  vol.  i.,  p.  41. 

"  Caistor  .  .  .  From  pag-rag  morning  daily  the  town  was  visited 
with  troops  of  lads  and  lasses." — Stamford  Merc.,  May  24,  1878. 

PAIN,  v.— To  suffer  pain. 

That  theare  yoh  paains  hersen,  she'll  aither  lamb  or  dee  soon. 

PAINTINGS,  PAINTS.— Painted  woodwork  of  a  room,  as 
doors  and  skirting-boards,  not  pictures. 

I  was  weshin'  th'  paaintin's  e'  th'  drawin'  room,  all  e'  my  mucky 
cloas,  when  who  should  ring  at  th'  frunt-door  bell  bud  Lord 
Yarbur. — 1845. 

M'm,  me  scrawk  th'  paaintin's,  m'm  !  I  know  my  wark  better. 

PAIR. — A  set,  not  necessarily  two  only,  as  a  pair  of  stairs,  a 
pair  of  drawers.  Chaucer  tells  us  of  the  Prioress  in  the 
prologue  to  the  Canterbury  Tales  : 

"  Of  smale  corall  about  hire  arm  she  bare  a  paire  of  bedes,  gauded 

all  with  grene." 

Pairs  of  beads  are  mentioned  on  several  occasions  in  the  church- 
wardens' accounts  of  Louth. 

PALE. — One  of  the  upright  bars  of  a  paling. 

PALES,  s.  ^/.—Paling. 

That  grew  o'  thine  jumpt  clean  oher  th'  paales,  an'  was  awaay  agean 
by  that. 

PALM. — A  steel  shield  with  holes  in  it,  like  a  thimble,  and 
straps  to  fasten  it  on,  applied  to  the  palm  of  the  hand  for 
pushing  the  needle  in  mending  sacks,  sewing  leather,  &c. 


394  AlANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

PALMS,  s.  pi. — The  flowers  of  the  willow,  so  called  because  in 
old  times  they  were  used  instead  of  palms  in  the  religious 
service  on  Palm  Sunday.  Cf.  Brand,  Pop.  Antiq.,  1813,  i., 
105  ;  Gent.  Mag.,  1854,  ii.,  41.  Chapter  Acts  of  Rip  on  (Surtees 
Soc.),  334. 

PAN. — A  piece  of  timber  laid  lengthwise  on  the  top  of  a  wall,  to 
which  the  roof  is  attached. 

1575,     "  Great  tymber  as  postes,  balkes,  &  pannes  excepted." — Kirton- 
in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace. 

PANCAKE  TUESDAY.— Shrove  Tuesday. 
PANNIKIN. — A  small  earthenware  pan. 

PANSHION  (pansh-yun). — An  earthenware  vessel  glazed  in 
the  interior,  commonly,  though  not  always,  black ;  used  as 
a  milk  pan. 

"Pots  and panshions." — Northorpe  Ace.,  1782. 

"  Continually  annoyed  her  by  rattling  her  milk  puncheons  /'* — Trollope, 
Sleaford,  368. 

PANT,  v. — When  manure  or  clay  rises  up  after  it  has  been 
trodden  upon  it  is  said  to  pant. 

PANTLE,  v.— To  patter  about. 

Them  bairns  hes  been  pantlin'  all  oher  my  clean  steps. 

PAPER. — A  begging  petition,  written  by  a  clergyman,  justice  of 
peace,  or  other  man  in  authority  for  a  person  who  has  lost 
a  horse,  cow,  or  pig,  or  suffered  other  grave  misfortune. 

PAPPY. — Potatoes  are  said  to  be  pappy  when  they  have  one  or 
more  very  small  ones  adhering  to  them. 

PARCENER.— A  partner. 

PARF1T,  0#.— Perfect.     The  usual  middle-English  form. 

PARGE,  v. — To  do  plaster-work,  and  especially  to  plaster  the 
inside  of  a  chimney. 

PARGETTING.— Plaster-work. 

PARISH,  v. — A  hamlet  is  said  to  parish  to  the  place  to  which  it 
is  ecclesiastically  attached. 

Amcotts  ewsed  to  parish  to  Authrup,  bud  oher  tho'ty  year  sin'  thaay 
built  a  chech  an'  set  it  up  for  its  sen. 

Hairf  o'  East  Butterwig  parishes  to  Bottesworth  and  t'other  hairf  to 
Messingham. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  395 

PARLE. — A  conversation. 

Him  an'  me  was  hevin'  a  park  when  oot  flew  watter-tub  tap  an' 
wetted  him  to  his  skin. 

PARL,  PARLEY,  v.— To  speak  to;  to  converse  with. 
We  was  parting  together  hairf  a  nooer. 
It's  no  good  parleying  noa  longer,  we  shan't  niver  agree. 

PARLOUR. — The  inner  room  of  a  cottage  where  the  bed  is. 

"  The  cottages  had  only  a  house  and  parlour,  the  parlour  being  used  as 
a  dormitory  for  the  whole  family,  both  male  and  female." — Mackinnon, 
Account  of  Messingham,  1825,  25. 

PARLOUS,  adj. — Venturesome,  bold,  dashing,  extraordinary. 

Ben  Maason  was  a.  parlous  chap  for  drink. 
He  maks  a  parlous  noise  when  he  preaches. 

PARRATOR.— An  apparitor  (obsolete). 

1610.  "  To  theparrator  for  exhibitting  the  registers  vjd:" — Kirton~in* 
Lindsey  Ch.  Ace. 

PARSHIL  (paa-shil).— A  parcel. 

Mind  an'  call  at  Elwood's,  an1  th'  Aangel,  an'  sea  if  ther'  's  ony 
parshils  for  me.  June  9,  1887. 

PARSON. — A  sarcastic  name  for  a  guide-post,  because  it 
shews  the  way  but  does  not  go  it. 

"  Like  the  rude  guide-post,  some  a  parson  call, 
That  points  the  way,  but  never  stirs  at  all." 

The  Banquet,  1819,  p.  59. 

PARSON  CORN.— Corn  affected  by  the  smut.  The  writer 
once  suggested  to  a  farmer  that  corn  having  the  smut  was 
called  by  this  name  because  the  flour  in  the  grains  had 
become  a  black  dust ;  he  was  told  that  the  real  reason  was 
that  when  tithe  was  paid  in  kind,  the  sheaves  that  had  the 
most  smuts  in  them  were  always  given  to  the  parson,  if  he 
could  be  seduced  into  taking  them. 

PARSON  IN  HIS  SMOCK.— The  Arum  maculatim. 

PART.— (i)  Some. 

We've  part  ketlocks  e'  th1  oats  yit,  bud  not  soa  many  as  we  ewst 
to  hev. 

(2)  Many,  as  part  potatoes,  weddings,  miscarriages,  funerals. 

"  We've  part  apples  this  year,  trees  is  ragged." — S.  S.,  Bottesford,  1871. 

(3)  Sometimes  ironically  for  very  few. 

Radical :  "  Ther'  was  a  many  foaks  at  oor  meatin'  last  Tuesda'  ?  " 
Tory  :  "  Yes,  you'd  part ;  ther'  was  three  shopkeapers,  an"  five  or  six 
lads  thaay'd  gien  pennies  to  for  hollerin'." 


396  MANLEY    AISfD    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

PARTICIPANTS. — The  original  contractors  for  the  drainage 
of  the  Isle  of  Axholme  and  Hatfield  Chace,  and  those  who 
succeeded  to  them  in  their  rights  and  duties. — Cf.  Hunter, 
Hist,  of  South  Yorks.,  i.,  164.  Peck,  Hist,  of  Isle  of  Axholme, 
0,1.  Read,  Hist,  of  Isle  of  Axholme,  23,  58.  Pro  Soc.  Ant., 
ii.,  series  vi., 


PARTIC'LERS.— Ohd  partic'lers  (q.v.) 

PASCH  FINES.' — Certain  yearly  payments  which  were 
anciently  paid  by  the  tenants  to  the  lord  of  the  manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

PASH.— Rottenness. 

The  apples  is  as  rotten  aspash. 

PASS  THE  TIME  OF  DAY.— To  exchange  greetings  on 
passing. 

He's  that  prood  he  won't  so  much  as  pass  th'  time  o'  daay  to  a  working 
man. 

"  None  would  look  on  her, 
But  cast  their  eyes  on  Marina's  face  ; 
Whilst  ours  were  blurted  at,  and  held  a  malkin 
Not  worth  the  time  of  day." 

Pericles,  Act  iv.,  sc.  iii.,  1.  35. 

PASTE.— (i)  Dough. 

(2)  A  cat  is  said  to  make  paste  when  it  kneads  with  its  fore 
feet  preparatory  to  composing  itself  to  sleep. 

PASTY  (pai-sti).  adj.— Pale  ;  sallow. 

He  looks  that  paasty,  it's  my  opinion  he's  sum  soort  on  a  illness 
cumin'  on. 

How  paasty-fa&ced  she  looks  ;  not  a  bit  o'  culer  in  her  cheeks. 

PAT. — Expert ;  ready. 

He's  straange  an'  pat  wi1  his  lessins. 

PAT  ABACK.— A  game. 

PATRON  (pat-run).— A  pattern. 

Th'  manty-maaker  hes  a  book  wi'  a  patron  o'  a  new  soort  on  a  collar 
in  it. 

"  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Samuel  Belton,  who  died  November  the 
i2th,  1827,  aged  27  years.  The  patron  of  patience  and  resignation." 
Winterton  Churchyard.  Used  also  in  Cambridgeshire. 

PATTEN  (pat-n). — A  kind  of  clog  with  an  iron  ring  on  the  sole, 
used  to  keep  the  wearer  out  of  the  dirt.  Crippled  men  who 
have  one  leg  shorter  than  the  other  frequently  wear  one  patten. 
See  FRAME. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.        397 

PAULTERY,  PAULTERLY,  adj.— Paltry ;  worthless. 
I  niver  seed  sich  little  paultery  things  as  his  taaties  is  to-year. 
"Thou  lewd  woman,  can  I  answer  thee  any  thing,  thou  dealing  thus 
paulterly  with  me." — Bernard,  Terence,  107. 

PAUM  (paum).— The  palm  of  the  hand. 
PAUMS.— See  PALMS. 

PAUSY. — Slightly  the  worse  for  drink ;  said  of  persons  who 
combine  an  amiable  desire  to  impart  information  with  an 
incapacity  to  call  to  mind  all  the  necessary  words. 

"Drunk!  naw  he  was  n't  what  you'd  call  drunk,  nobbud  he  was 
pansy  like."— W.  S.,  1886.     See  POWSE. 

PAWKY  (pauk-i),  adj. — Artful,  cunning,  often  used  in  a  good 
sense. 

John  Marcham  was  a  nist  pawky  ohd  man  ;  I  could  hev  listen'd  to 
his  talk  for  a  daay  thrif. 

PAWT  (paut). — The  paw  of  an  animal. 

PAWT  (paut),  v.— To  paw. 

I  wish  we  hed  n't  noa  cats,  really,  thaay're  alus  pawtin'  at  one,  when 
one's  gettin'  one's  meat. 

PAX- WAX. — A  ligament  in  the  neck,  Ligmnentum  mucha.  See 
Ray,  5.  &  E.  Words;  E.D.S.  GL,  B  16,  p.  88. 

PAY,  v.— To  beat. 

Them  school-lads  hes  been  payin'  oor  lass. 

PAYMENT.— Damage,  injury. 

"  Why  t'  gardin  hes  ta'aken  no  payment." — A  Lincolnshire  Dialogue  in 
Notes  and  Queries,  iii.,  S.,  vol.  vii.,  p.  31. 

PAY  NIGHT. — The  night  on  which  labourers  receive  their 
wages,  commonly  every  alternate  Saturday. 

PEA.— A  pea. 

PEACHING.— Very  cold. 

It's  been  pedchin'  weather  for  this  last  month,  niver  a  daay  beoot 
snaw ;  noa  wonder  as  drowt  bosses  hes  inf'aamation. — Bottesford,  April 
5,  1888. 

PEAR. — A  pear.  The  r  is  frequently  almost  silent,  so  that  the 
word,  especially  in  the  plural,  sounds  very  nearly  like  peas. 

PEART  (peeat),  adj. — Brisk;  lively;  vigorous. 

I  thoht  Jennie's  foal  wo'd  dee,  but  it's  straange  an'  peart  noo, 
Mary  Ann's  last  bairn's  grawin'/ea^  enif. 


398  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

There  was  a  family  of  the  name  of  Peart  resident  at  Lincoln  in  the 
middle  of  the  seventeenth  century.  Dr.  Edward  Peart,  a  graduate  of 
Leyden,  was  in  practice  as  a  physician  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  and  the 
neighbourhood  about  seventy  years  ago. 

PEASCOD.— The  pod  of  a  pea. 

When  you've  dun  shillin'  chuck  th'  peas cods  to  th'  pigs. 
"Of   .    .    .    Shuttleworth  of  Holme  for  gathering  peascodscon.tra.rie  to 
order,  xijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Fine  Roll,  1631. 

PEASON,  s.  pi.— Peas  (obsolescent). 

PEAT-EARTH.— Decomposed  peat. 

"Peat  is  often  so  far  disintegrated  as  to  present  an  uniform  earthy 
appearance,  but  is  still  inflammable,  and  does  in  reality  contain  but  a 
very  small  portion  of  earthy  matter.  When  changed  in  this  manner  it 
is  here  called  peat-earth." — Will.  Peck,  Ace.  of  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  24. 

PECK  OF  TROUBLES.— Much  trouble  or  vexation. 

My  wife's  in  a  peck  o'  trubles  this  mornin';  she's  fun  oot  she's  lost  her 
bunch  o'  kays.  Brade  o'  me,  it  dropp'd  i'to  th'  Trent  yisterdaay  as  she 
was  gettin'  off  fra  th'  packit. 

"  A  tradesman  at  Boston  has  a  peck-skep  full  of  human  teeth  exposed 
in  his  window,  and  labelled  a  peck  of  troubles .'" — J.  E.  Brogden,  Provincial 
Words  in  Lincolnshire,  1866,  147. 

PECK-SKEP.— A  peck  measure. 

PEDDLING.— Trifling;  worthless. 

I  once  boht  sum  hogs  at  Ketton  winter  fair  for  tho'teen  shillin'  a 
peace.  Thaay  was  dearest  sheep  I  iver  hed  oht  to  do  wi'.  Thaay  cum 
off  Scotton  Common,  an'  was  little  peddlin'  things,  not  much  bigger  than 
cats  in  a  waay  o'  speakin",  an'  wo'th  noht  at  all ;  hairf  on  'em  deed  e' 
th'  winter. — Bottesford,  June  8,  1887. 

PEDIGREE. — A  long  and  intricate  story. 

It's  bad  to  remember,  but  Ralf  knaws  all  th'  pedigree  on  it. 

PEEL. — (i)    A   baker's   shovel.      Cf.    Georgina   F.   Jackson, 
Shropshire  Word  Book,  sub  voc. 

(2)  The  rind  of  apples,  pears,  oranges,  &c. 

"  Fill  this  bucket  with  water,  break  these  green  peels  of  walnuts  to 
pieces  and  put  into  it." — N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  53. 

PEELINGS,  s. //.-Parings. 

PEEP. — The  corolla  of  certain  plants,  as  the  cowslip  and  the 
primrose. 

PEEP-HOLE. — A  small  hole  in  a  wall,  door,  or  roof  through 
which  it  is  possible  to  look. 

They  did  n't  knaw  noabody  was  watchin',  but  I  seed  all  as  went  on 
thrif  ape"p-hodh  e'  th'  door. 

"  The  dull  gleam  through  the  thick  of  glass  of  my  small  round  peep- 
hole."— T.  N.  Talfourd,  Vacation  Rambles,  1845,  i.,  174. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  399 

PEEWIT. — The  lapwing ;   Vanelhis  cristatus. 

PEFF.— (i)  The  pith  of  a  plant. 
(2)  A  cough. 

PEFF.— To  cough. 

PEFFING  COUGH.— A  hard,  harsh,  dry-sounding  cough. 

PEGGY. — (i)  A  machine  for  washing  clothes.     See  DOLLY. 

(2)  A  night  light.  These  were  formerly  made  of  sheep's  fat 
surrounding  a  wick  formed  of  a  lavender  stalk  wrapped 
round  with  cotton. 

PEGGY  OTCHEN.— A  hedgehog.     See  OTCHEN. 

PEGGY  WI'  HER  LANTERN.— An  ignis  fatnus. 

"  Dazed  it  may  be,  by  the  brightness  of  the  Gospel,  so  as  not  to 
discern  the  flicker  of  a  peggy  wV  her  lantern  from  the  light  of  day." — 
Ralf  Skirlaugh,  ii.,  31. 

PEGGY  WHITETHROAT.— The  whitethroat,  curruca  cinena. 

PELT. — A  skin ;  commonly,  though  not  universally,  confined 
to  the  skins  of  sheep  and  rabbits. 

"  They  are  also  objected  to  for  not  being  so  hardy  as  the  Lincoln, 
from  thin  pelts  and  less  wool." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  321. 

PELTING,   adj. — Heavy;    violent;    used  regarding  hail  and 
rain. 

PEN-FEATHERED,  adj.—(i)  Not  fully  feathered. 
(2)  Worn ;  pale. 

My  lad  works  a  deal  oher  hard  ;  he  looks  real  pen-featherd,  he  duz. 

PEN  FEATHERS.— Small  undeveloped  feathers  of  the  wings 
of  birds. 

To  "  pull  out  his  pen  feathers"  means  very  seriously  to  injure  another. 

PENNY,   adj. — A   fowl   on   being    plucked,   if   it    has    many 
undeveloped  feathers,  is  said  to  be  penny.     See  above. 

PENS,  s.  pi. — Long  bits  of  hard  grass  which  the  scythe,  on 
mowing,  does  not  cut.     See  STANDARDS. 

PEPPER.— A  cheating  horse-dealer. 

"  Laughin'  to  his  sen  at  the  lees  he'd  been  tellin'  to  them  Yorkshire 
peppeys." — Ralf  Skirlatigh,  i.  37. 

PEPPER,  v.—(i)  To  wound  slightly  with  shot. 
(2)  To  cheat  as  a  pepper  does.     See  above. 


400  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

PEPPER-CAKE.— Gingerbread  with  sweet  pepper  in  it. 
PEPPERMENT.— Peppermint. 

PERAMBLE. — A  long  rambling  story. 

Ohd  Mr.  H  .  .  .  ewsed  to  tell  sich  perambles  aboot  th'  corn  laws 
that  I  got  sick  to  hear  him. — Ashby,  1852. 

PERAMBLE,  v. — To  talk  in  a  tedious,  wandering,  or  uncon- 
nected manner. 

When  I  was  badly  he  cum'd  of'ens  an"  talk'd  an'  praayed  wi'  me,  bud 
I  thoht  noht  to  it ;  he  niver  got  no  fo'ther,  bud  was  alus  peramblin? 
aboot  roond  two  or  three  wo'ds. 

PERAMBULATION.— Beating  the  bounds  of  a  manor, 
parish,  township,  or  estate.  Since  the  time  of  the 
enclosures  this  practice  has  been,  for  the  most  part, 
discontinued.  About  forty- five  years  ago  the  boundary 
between  East  Butterwick  and  Burringham  was  perambulated. 
The  writer,  then  a  little  boy,  was  present.  According  to  the 
old  custom  certain  boys  were  compelled  to  stand  on  their 
heads  on  the  boundary  stones  and  afterwards  were  whipped 
to  make  them  remember  the  circumstance. 

11  To  Richard  Vason  for  bread  &  ayle  when  we  went  a  perambulation, 
iiijs.  ixd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.Acc.,  1640.  Cf.  Brand,  Popular  Antiq., 
i8i'3,  i.,  175.  Acts  of  Chapter  of  Rip  on  (Surtees  Soc.),  Append.,  i. 

PERFORM,  v.— To  fore-ordain. 

Oh,  my  dear  gell,  weddin's  an'  buryin's  is  performed  e'  heaven.  What 
th'  hand  o'  th'  Loord  hes  written  weant  niver  be  disannulled. 

PERISHED,  pp.—(i)  Overcome  by  cold. 

(2)  Grain  is  said  to  have  perished  when  it  is  killed  in  the  ground 
by  frost  or  wet. 

PERKY.— (i)  Saucy ;  impudent ;  vainly  proud. 

He's  been  a  sight  oher  perky  iver  sin'  th'  ohd  man  willed  him  that 
munny. 

Sabina's  Bill  is  perkier  then  ony  uther  lad  as  I  iver  clapt  eyes  on  ;  I 
sent  him  wo'd  he  wasn't  to  mislest  that  theare  maggit  nest  e'  my  plantin', 
an'  I  gets  wo'd  back  fra  him  as  he  wo'd  consither  it,  bud  if  I'd  send 
him  sixpence  he  was  sewer  he  wo'd  n't. 

(2)  Bright ;  lively. 

I  was  tekken  very  bad  o'  Sunda',  bud  I'm  perky  agean  noo. 

PERSECUTE,  v.— To  prosecute. 

He  was  persecuted  at  th'  assizes  for  stealin  sheap. 

"A  vestre  houlden  on  the  2^.  day  of  June,  consarning  hedges  braking, 
and  hoever  is  taken  in  the  fact  shall  be  percicuted  according  to  law,  by 
the  parish  expens*  This  agreed  on  in  the  year  1784," — Scotton  Parish 
Records, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  401 

PEST,  v.— To  tease. 

That  theare  dog  o'  thine  is  alust  pestin'  oor  ky. 

PESTILL  (pest-il) — A  pestle. 

"  Do  things  by  degrees  as  th'  cat  aate  pestill,"  a  proverb. 
Thoo  knaws  that  theare  brass  motter  o'  mine  that  ewst  to  stan'  upo' 
th'  kitchen  chimla'-peace  at  No'therup.  It's  getten  roases  an'  croons 
on  it.  Well,  my  faather  hed  brok'  th'  pestill  belonging  to  it,  so  says  he 
to  William  Bland,  "  William,"  says  he,  "  tek  that  oud  gun-barril  oot 
o'  th'  pigeon-coat,  an  hug  her  to  th'  blacksmith  shop,  an  get  anew  pestill 
maade  on  her.  William  did  as  my  faather  tell'd  him,  an'  was  omust 
shutten  thrif  her  ;  for  noa  sooner  hed  th'  barril  gotten  hot  e'  th'  fire, 
then  off  she  went,  and  shut  William's  coat-lap  clean  awaay.  Th'  ohd 
thing  hed  been  chuckin'  aboot  theare  for  maaybe  fifty  year,  wi'  oot'n 
a  stock,  an'  noa  livin'  man  knew  ther'  was  oht  in  her. — 1841. 

PETTY  (pet-i).— A  privy. 

PEWTHER  (peuth-ur).— Pewter. 

PEY  (pai).— A  pea. 

PHEASAN'  (fez-un).— A  pheasant. 

PHYSICS,  ON  THE.— Suffering  from  diarrhoea. 

PIBBLE  (pibl).— A  pebble. 

"  A  grey   pibbte  stone  of   great    bignes." — Symonds's  Diary,   1644 
(Camden  Soc.),  151. 

PICK.— (i)  Pitch. 

As  dark  pick. 
Pick  dark. 

PICK,  v. — (i)  A  sheep,  cow,  or  mare  is  said  to  pick  its  lamb, 
calf,  or  foal  when  it  is  brought  forth  prematurely. 

(2)  To  pitch  ;  to  toss. 

(3)  To  lift  up  sheaves  of  corn  to  the  stack. 

PICK-A-BACK,  PYE  BACK,  TO  CARRY.— To  carry  on  the 
shoulders. 

"  So  they  carried  the  sack  a  pick-a-back." — Southey,   The  Surgeons' 
Warning. 

PICK   AT. — To  speak   against;   to   back-bite;    to   annoy  by 
constant  criticism. 

I'd  be  shaam'd  to  call  mysen  a  gentleman,  an'  then  pick  at  my  awn 
wife  as  thoo  duz. — Oct.,  1886. 

PICK  SPORT  ON,  PICK  SPORT  OUT  ON, /M— To  make 
game  of. 


402  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

PICK  UP.— The  last  train  at  night  which  runs  on  the 
Manchester,  Sheffield,  and  Lincolnshire  Railway  from 
Sheffield  to  New  Holland  is  called  the  pick  up. 

PICK  UP,  v.— To  vomit. 

PICKENHOTCH.— The  game  of  pitch  and  toss. 

PICKER. — (i)  The  man  who  picks  [see  PICK,  v.  3]  the  sheaves 
up  to  the  stacker. 

(2)  A  potatoe  gatherer. 

PICKING  FORK.— A  long  fork  used  for  lifting  sheaves  up  to 
the  person  who  is  building  a  stack. 

PICKING-HOLE. — A  hole,  commonly  square,  closed  by  a 
wooden  shutter,  through  which  sheaves  of  corn  are  put 
into  a  barn. 

"  The  projecting  stone  sill  of  one  of  the  picking-holes  at  the"  north  end 
of  the  barn." — Cordeaux,  Birds  of  the  Humber,  14. 

PICTUR  (pickt-ur).— (i)  A  picture. 

(2)  A  likeness. 

He's  the  very  pictur  o'  his  gran'faather. 

PICTUR',  v. — To  represent  by  drawing,  engraving,  or  painting. 
"The   Dutch   have   picter'd  the  army   here     .      .     .      shooting  at 
butterflies." — Dela  Pryme's  Diary,  1686,  8. 

PICTUR'-CARDS. — The  coat-cards  in  a  pack. 
PIE.— (i)  A  tart. 

(2)  A  heap  of  potatoes  covered  with  earth  to  preserve  them 
from  the  frost. 

"The  pyes  (preserving  pits)  being  ready  6  inches  deep,  and  6  feet 
wide,  the  carts  take  them  (the  potatoes)  home." — Arth.  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  143- 

PIE,  v.' — To  earth  up  potatoes. 

"  Taking  up  and  pying  £2  os-  od-" — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric., 
1799,  144. 

PIECE. — (i)  A  concubine;  a  harlot. 

(2)  A  tale  in  verse  or  prose,  not  necessarily  one  that  has  been 
printed  or  committed  to  memory. 

I'm  gooin'  to  chapil  to-neet  to  hear  th'  bairns  saay  the' r  peaces. 
Thoo  mun  hear  all  thrif  th'  peace  I'm  agooin'  to  tell  theeafoore  ta  says 
oht.  I  heard  it  fra  Mr.  Buckley  th' preacher,  an',  "  Laws  e'  me,"  says  I, 
when  he'd  dun,  "  well,  this  is  a  entertaainin'  thing  to  tell  oher  fire-side 
at  a  neet  time."  An"  he  says,  "Well,  yes,  it  is  middlin',"  Bud  thoo  knaws 
it  isn't  ivery  preacher  as  can  make  his  sen  as  entertaainin'  as  that.  Them 
high-larnt  men  is  like  uther  foaks,  sum  on  em's  a  deal  entertaamin'e.r 
then  uther  sum." 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  403 

(3)  A  short  space  of  time. 

Stop  a  bit,  I  shall  be  by  agean  in  a.  peace. 

(4)  A  portion  of  land  in  an  open  field,  sometimes  a  small 
enclosure.    There  was,  until  the  recent  enclosure  of  Scotton, 
a  plot  of  grass  called  "the  Bull  Piece." 

PIECE,  ALL  OF  A.— (i)  All  of  the  same  kind  or  pattern. 

"  She's  makkin  her  sen  a  patchwork  bed-twilt,  an'  it's  all  of  a  peace 
like,  iv'ry  bit  on  it  maade  o'  silk." — Laughton,  1840. 

(2)  Stiff. 

I'm  very  badly  ;  this  weet  weather  maks  me  all  of  a  peace  wi'  th' 
rewmatics.  1884. 

(3)  Adherent ;  stuck  together. 

We  fun  a  strike  skep  full  o1  sneel  shells,  e'  th'  ohd  esh  tree,  e'  th' 
Wood-cloas  hedge,  an'  thaay  was  all  of  a  peace;  stuck  together  as  fast  as 
could  be. 

PIECE  O'  WAYS.— Part  of  the  way. 

He  went  peace  o'  waays  home  wi'  her  that  neet. 

Sam's  gettin'  to  read  nistly,  he's  begun  his  testament,  an"  is  peace  o' 
waay  thrif  Mark. 

He's  dull  o'  hearin",  so  I  ax'd  him  if  he  could  hear  th'  preacher,  an' 
he  nodded  his  head,  just  e'  this  how,  an'  said,  "pedceo'waay,  nobbut  peace 
o'  waay. 

PIECE  OF  WORK.— Fuss  ;  disturbance. 
Here's  a  peadce  o'  wark  all  aboot  noht. 

PIEMENT. — Confusion;  dirt;  mess. 

What  an'  zpiement  them  bairns  hes  maade  all  oher  this  clean  floor. 
A  mass  of  confused  type  is  by  printers  called  pie. — See  Notes  and  Queries, 
ii.  s.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  393. 

PIFELET.— See  PIKELET. 

PIG.' — (i)  A  person  wishing  to  explain  the  merits  of  a  pig  that 
had  recently  become  bacon,  said,  "  It  was  a  beautiful/^;" 
Thomas  said  when  he  seed  it,  "  Why,  missis,  it's  all  pig 
anearly." 

To  take  your  "pigs  to  a  wrong  market  "  is  to  be  disappointed  in  some 
matter  in  which  you  confidently  hoped  for  success. 

"We  don't  kill  a  pig  every  day,"  that  is,  we  have  not  every  day  a 
merry-making. 

To  kill  a  person's  pig  for  him  is  to  cause  him  serious  disappointment 
or  injury. 

To  "  get  a.  pig  out  of  the  way,"  signifies  the  cutting  up  of  the  animal, 
after  it  is  killed,  salting  the  flesh,  making  pork-pies,  mince-pies  and 
sausages.  "  Ther's  noabody  likes  gettin' a  pig  oot  o' th' waay  better 
then  me,  bud  I'm  fairly  stall'd  to-year." 

The  dung  of  pigs  was  frequently  used  for  washing  purposes  instead  of 
•  soap  till  the  middle  of  this  century.  See  LINCO'NSHEER. 

(2)  The  Armadillo  wood-louse.     See  Sow. 


404  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

PIG,  v. — (i)To  lie  in  bed  with  another. 
(2)  To  pitch  off  a  horse  or  ass. 

PIG-CHEER. — Dishes  made  from  fresh  pork,  such  as  pork- 
pies,  mince-pies,  sausages,  &c. 

When  we  kill  oor  pig  we  sh'll  send  a  hamper  o"  pig-cheer  to  oor  Tom 
wat  lives  e'  Lunnon. 

When  Dr.  Baayley  lived  at  Messingham  ohd  Nanny  .  .  .  went 
an'  tell'd  him  a  long  taale  how  her  fat  pig  was  dead  just  when  it  wer 
fit  for  baacon.  Th'  doctor  was  sorry  for  th'  ohd  lass  an*  gev'  her  a 
nve-shillin'  peace  an'  wrote  her  oot  a  paaper  (q.v.)  as  well.  Nanny  hed 
tell'd  him  th'  trewth  ;  her  pig  was  dead  eniff,  bud  then  it  wer  kill'd  an' 
salted.  Her  neighbours  all  said  efter  this  trick  she'd  plaay'd  off  on  th' 
parson,  least  she  could  hev  dun  was  to  send  him  a  basket  o1  pig-cheer. 

PIG  CLUB. — A  society  whose  members  are  mutually  bound  to 
help  each  other  to  purchase  a  pig  in  place  of  one  which  has 
died  a  natural  or  accidental  death. 

PIG-COTE.— A  pig-sty. 

PIG-CRATCH.— A  kind  of  low  table  or  bench  with  handles, 
on  which  pigs  are  killed  and  dressed.  Cf.  John  Markenfield, 
*•»  135- 

PIGEON-TOED. — Having  the  toes  turning  inwards. 

PIGGIN  (pig-in). — A  small  vessel  used  for  lading  water  made 
of  staves  hooped  together,  one  being  left  longer  than  the 
rest  to  form  a  handle. 

"  Here's  the  Bailey  o'  Haltwhistle 
Wi'  his  great  bull's  pizzle, 

That  sup'd  up  the  broo  an'  syne  in  the  piggin." 

Robert  Surtees,  Death  of  Feather stonhaugh. 
It  is  there  glossed  "  an  iron  pot  with  two  ears." 

PIGEON'S  MILK. — An  imaginary  fluid  which  simpletons  are 
sent  to  purchase  on  April  Fool's  Day.  See  OIL  OF  STRAP. 

PIG-FRY. — The  fried  liver,  lungs,  heart,  kidneys,  &c.,  of  a  pig. 
PIG-HEADED,  adj.— Stubborn. 

PIG  IN  A  POKE,  TO  BUY.— Is  to  buy  something  without 
understanding  its  nature  and  properties. 

PIG  IN  A  WELL. — A  child  who  has  no  parents  or  guardians, 
or  a  person  who  has  no  visible  means  of  subsistence,  is  said 
to  be  like  a  pig  in  a  well. 

PIG-KILLING-TIME.— Winter,  because  pigs  are  slaughtered 
at  that  time. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  405 

PIG-MINSTER.— A  pig-sty. 

"  I'm  buildin'  squire  sum  pig-minsters." — John  Smith,  Messinghamt 
1832. 

PIGS. — The  divisions  of  an  orange. 

PIG'S  FOOT. — If  a  child  has  any  small  inflamed  spot  or  lump 
on  the  face  it  is  customary  to  cause  it  terror  by  telling  it 
that  there  is  a  pig's  foot  coming. 

PIG-SWILL.— Hog  wash.  - 

PIG-TROUGH.— (i)  A  child's  name  for  a  goafer  (q.v.) 
(2)  A  broken  or  water- worn  ammonite,  shewing  the  cavities. 

PIG-TUB.— The  swill-tub  ;  the  tub  in  which  refuse  food  is  put 
to  be  given  to  the  pigs. 

PIG-YOCK. — A  wooden  yoke  put  around  the  necks  of  pigs  to 
hinder  them  from  forcing  their  way  through  hedges. 

"  Euery  one  dwelling  in  ye  Coote  howses  or  Suswathe  shall  both 
ring  and  yock  ther  svvynne  before  Seynt  Ellin  daye  next,  ye  defalt 
vjs.  viijd-" — Scatter  Manor  Records,  1557. 

'"  '  What  is  the  use  of  that  wooden  yoke  on  your  neck  ?'  "  '  To  keep  us 
from  breaking  through  our  drivers  fences.' " — Person,  Catechism  for  the 
Swinish  Multitude. 

PIKELET,  PIFELET.— A  soft  cake  baked  on  an  iron  plate ; 
a  crumpet. 

PILE. — The  point  of  an  arrow. 

PILL. — (i)  Anything  very  difficult  or  unpleasant. 

It'll  be  a  sore  pill  for  him  at  his  time  of  life. 

Gettin'  taaties  up  was  a  straange  pill  that  year  [1846] ,  you  may 
depend;  raain,  raain  ivery  daay ;  I  niver  seed  noht  like  it. 

(2)  See  Sow. 

PILL,  PILLING.— (i)   Peel;  rind. 

Ther'  's  a  queer  smell.  Yis,  bud  it's  noht  bud  th'  pill  o'  them  cringes 
me  an'  Ann's  been  eatin'. 

(2)  The  candied  peel  oriemons. 

PILL,  v.— To  peel. 

I  seed  'em  pillin1  bark  e'  Mr.  Nelthorpe  woods  as  I  cum  fra  Brigg 
to-daay. — June  9,  1887. 

PILL-BASS.— See  BASSWOOD. 

PILLACATER.— A  caterpillar. 
H 


403  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

PILLOW-BEAR.— A  pillow-case  (obsolete). 

"  Schetts  &  pelow-berys,  iiii." — Invent,  of  Richard  Allele,  of  Scaltherop, 
1551.  See  Chaucer,  Prol.  696. 

PILLOW-SLIP.— Pillow-case. 
PIN.— See  NEAT. 

PIN,  v.— (i)  To  fasten. 
Pin  that  yate. 

(2)  To  convince,  to  overcome  in  argument. 

He  begun  to  lee  soa  I  pinn'd  him  by  tellin'  him  I  was  theare. 

(3)  To  hold  a  person  tightly  by  the  arms. 

PINATION.— Want ;  deficiency  of  food. 

Them  bea's  at  Grayingham  deed  of  real  pinaation. 

PINCH-GUT.— A  miser. 

"  Did  old  pinch-gut  devour  all  his  grey-pease  by  himself?" — Tho. 
Brown,  in  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange's  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1711,  p.  356. 

PIN-CUSHION.— A  sweetmeat. 
PIND,  *;.— -To  empound. 

PINDER. — A  manorial  or  parochial  officer  whose  duty  it  is  to 
empound  cattle. 

PINE,  v.— To  starve. 

"  He  seized  a  horse  .  .  .  and  pined  it  to  death." — Trollope,  Hist. 
Sleaford,  459. 

PINE-HOUSE,  PINING-HOUSE.— A  place  where  cattle  for 
slaughter  are  confined  for  some  time  without  food  before 
they  are  killed. 

"  To  be  let  ...  butcher's  shop,  with  slaughter-house,  pining- 
house,  and  every  convenience." — Gainsburgh  News,  Sept.  25,  1875. 

PINFOLD.— A  pound. 

"You  mistake  ;  I  mean  the  pound,  a  pinfold." — Two  Gent,  of  Verona, 
Act  i.,  sc.  i.,  1.  114. 

11  If  I  had  thee  in  Lipsbury  pinfold  I  would  make  thee  care  for  me." — 
King  Lear,  Act  ii.,  sc.  ii.,  1.  9. 

Cf.  Scroggs,  Practice  of  Courts-Leet  and  Courts-Baron,  79.  Archaologia 
x.,  444.  Manchester  Court  Leet  Records,  ii.,  252. 

PINGLE. — A  small  enclosure  (obsolete). 

In  1619  John  Chipsey  and  Elen,  his  wife,  surrendered  lands  in 
Scotter  at  "  le  Clowehole  and  apingle  at  the  wood-side  to  Agnes  Shad- 
forth,  wife  of  Robert  Shadforth." — Manor  Records. 

There  is  at  the  present  time  a  small  plot  of  old  enclosed  land  on 
the  east  side  of  the  Eau,  in  the  parish  of  Scotter,  called  the  Pintle, — 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  407 

There  was  in  1825  a  place  in  the  parish  of  Messingham  called  Pingle 
Dump. 
Pingle  Hill  is  the  name  of  a  place  at  Gainsburgh. 

PIN -HORSE.— The  middle  horse  in  a  team. 

TINIATED. — Opinionated,  that  is,  of  the  opinion. 

Tm  piniaated  we  shall  hev  a  long  blast  this  winter  ;  winter  bo'ds  hes 
cum'd  so  early. 

PINK. — (i)  The  Conservative  colour  in  Lindsey. 

What  I  doan't  like  'aboot  Pinks  is  thaay  're  soa  terrible  scar'd  o' 
warkin'-foaks  ;  just  as  if  God  hed  n't  created  us  all  o'  one  mak'. 

(2)  The  chaffinch  ;  Fringilla  coelebs. 
PINK-EYE.— A  kind  of  potatoe. 
PINK-EYED  JOHN.— The  Pansy. 
PINNER,  PINNY.— A  pinafore. 

PINS  AND  NEEDLES.— (i)  A  pricking  sensation  caused  by 
returning  circulation  to  a  part  of  the  body  that  has  been 
benumbed. 

(2)  Anxiety  ;  fidget. 
PINSONS. — Pincers.     Cf.  Archaologia,  xvii.,  292  ;  xliii.,  240. 

PIP,  PIP-HOLE.— A  peep-hole  (q.v.)  The  small  sliding  doors 
of  the  cells  in  the  old  prison  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey  were 
called  pip-holes. 

PIPE. — (i)  One  of  the  small  canals  branching  off  from  the 
central  pool  in  a  duck  decoy. 

(2)  To  put  a  person's  pipe  out  is  to  subdue  or  silence  him. 

Noht  put    Dr.  Kenealy's  pipe  oot   like  gettin'   into  th'   Hoose  o' 
Commons. 

PIPES,  s.pl.—(i)  The  larger  vessels  of  the  lungs  and  heart, 
the  veins  and  arteries,  more  commonly  used  in  relation  to 
the  vessels  of  the  lungs  only. 

He's  bad  in  his  pipes  when  he^walks  up  hill. 
(2)  The  larger  veins  in  meat. 

If  you  doan't  tak  care  to  cut  the  pipes  oot  e'th'  shoh'der-peaceo'  a  pig 
it  weant  tak  salt,  an'  then  the  meat  '11  soon  begin  to  stink. 

PIPS,  s.  pi. — (i)  The  corolla  of  certain  plants,  as  the  cowslip 
and  the  primrose. 

(2)  The  seeds  of  apples  and  pears. 

(3)  The  spots  on  playing-cards,  dominoes,  women's  dresses,  &c. 


408  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

PISH,  inteyj. — Signifying'conternpt. 

When  oor  ohd  squire  heard  "at  Mr.  Heala'  was  agooin'  to  graw 
chicory  doon  at  Borringham  he  look'd  real  solid  and  said  just  'Pish,' 
that 'was  all. — J.  L.,  Burringham,  1880. 

"  Nathaniel  Hole,  quartermaster  to  Major  Fountain,  came  with 
twenty  soldiers  and  cried  pish  at  their  lordships'  order."  1643. — House 
of  Lord's  Papers,  His.  MSS.  Com.  Rep.,  v.  93. 

PISMIRE.— An  ant.     Chaucer  says : 

"  He  is  ay  angry  as  a  pissemire, 
Though  that  he  have  all  that  he  can  desire." 

Sompnoures  Tale. 

PISSABED.— The  dandelion. 

PISSBURNT.— (i)  An  animal's  hair  is  said  to  be  pissburnt 
when  it  is  bleached  by  the^sun. 

(2)  Leaves  or  straw   that  are  blighted,  or  the  bedding  of 
animals  damaged  by  their  urine. 

"And  on  his  wet  and  pissburnt  litter, 
Made  a  good  meal  for  want  of  better." 

Edw.  Ward,  Don  Quixote,  1711. 

PISSLES,  s.  pi. — Small  fossils ;  joints  of  pentacrinites.  See 
KESSELLS  and  POSSELLS. 

"  The  astroites  are  called  pissles  and  possles." — W.  Peck,  Ace.  of  Isle 
of  Axholme,  28. 

PISS-PROPHET.— A  water-doctor  (q.v.) 

PIT,  v.— To  bury. 

"  William  Crosbie  for  not  pittinge  his  dead  mare,  iiijd-" — Bottesford 
Manor  Records,  1615. 

"  It  is  ordered  that  euery  inhabitant  in  Bottesford  and  Yadlethorpe 
that  haue  any  cattle  that  die  of  the  fellon  or  morren  vppon  the  comons 
or  wastes  of  Bottesford  and  Yadlethorpe  shall  sufficientlie  pitt  the  same 
to  the  sight  and  discretion  of  the  cargraeuers  or  two  or  three  sufficient 
and  honest  men  of  the  said  townes,  and  likewise  shall  burne  the  place 
where  the  said  cattle  dye  vppon  payne  for  euerie  defalt  xs. " — Ibid,  1617. 

PIT-A-PAT. — The  beating  of  the  heart  or  any  noise  thought  to 
resemble  the  sound  thereof. 

I  could  hear  their  feet  pit-a-pat  on  the  stairs. 

PITCH. — The  quantity  of  anything  set  out  or  pitched  in  a 
market  or  fair,  most  commonly  used  with  regard  to  cheese. 
Doncaster  market  is  called  a  pitched  market  because  sacks 
or  loads  (q.v.)  of  corn  are  pitched  there  by  way  of  sample. 

Ther'  was  a  good  pitch  o"  cheese  last  Gaainsb'r  mart,  but  noht  like 
what  it  ewsed  to  be  afoore  thease  raailwaays  was  on  the  goa. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  409 

PITCHER. — An  earthen  vessel  with  an  ear  and  a  lip  to  pour 
from ;  to  be  distinguished  from  a  jug  (q.v.)  Cf.  Holy 
Scripture,  authorized  version,  Gen.  xxiv.,  14  ;  Judges  vij., 
16;  EccL  xii.,  16;  Lament  iv.,  3  ;  St.  Mark  xiv.,  13;  St.  Luke 
xxii.,  10. 

"  En  effet  la  premiere  esp&ce  de  vases,  dont  il  y  avail  5  ou  6  individus, 
est  de  ceux  que  Ton  nomme  en  Normandie  pickets,  et  en  Angleterre 
pitchers." — L'Abbe  Cochet  in  Archaologia,  xxxix.,  118. 

PITTER-PATTER,  v.— To  beat  incessantly,  as  rain. 
PIXTURE.— A  picture. 

PIZZLE.— The  penis. 

"  When  he  kills  a  bull  he  gives  away  the  pizzle,"  said  of  a  miserly 
person. 

PLAACIN'  (plarh'sin).— Place  service. 

She's  not  e'  plaacin';  she  's  a  manty-maaker  at  Loughtoii. 
Hes  ta  getten  a  plaacin'  this  stattus  ? 

PLAAIN  (plai-h'n).— (i)  "  What  the  plaain  do  you  mean?"  is  an 
emphatic  mode  of  asking  a  person  what  he  means  or  what 
his  intentions  are. 

You  see  he  ewst  to  cum  coortin'  oor  Selina,  bud  he  niver  lets  me  sea 


ups 

begins  to  hammer  him  wi'  it,  an'  says  to  him,  "  If  ta  wants  a  bit  o1 
nonsense  tak  mine  ;  its  gaainer  to  remember  then  Selina." 

(2)  A  person  is  said  to  "hev  &  plaain  waayo'  gooin'  on"  when 
he  behaves  in  an  indiscreet  or  irreverent  manner. 

He  niver  ewst  to  get  into  his  pew  till  th' parson  hed  begun  th1  second 
lessin,  soa  I  says  to  him  one  daay,  "  Maaster"  says  I,  "you've  getten 
a  plaain  waay  o'  gooin'  on  regardin'  this  here  chech.  If  I  couldn't 
rowt  my  sen  oot  o'  bsd  a  bit  sooner  on  a  sabbath  mornin'  I'd  lig  theare 
altogither  if  I  was  thoo'." 

(3)  Homely. 

Thaay  're  real  plaain  foaks. 

(4)  Ugly. 

She's  a  good  sarvant  but  th'  plaainest  lass  atwixt  Trent  an'  Tetney 
Haaven. 

(5)  Awkward,  uncomfortable,  as  "plaain  weather,"  that  is  rough 
weather  ;  "plaain  ro&ds,"  bad  roads. 

"  Maaster  Edward's  gettin"  to  talk  straange  an'  plaain  "  was  said  of 
the  author  in  his  childhood ;  meaning,  not  that  he  was  good  to  under- 
stand but  that  his  speech  was,  as  it  continues  to  be,  highly  flavoured 
with  the  vernacular. 

PLAAT  (plarh't).— A  plate. 


410  MANLEV   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

PLAGUE,  v.— To  tease;  to  chaff. 
PLAISTER.— A  plaster. 

PLANET -STRUCKEN,  PLANET -TOOKEN.— One  who 
has  had  a  stroke  of  paralysis. 

PLANTIN'.— A  plantation. 

Ther's  a  straange  lot  o'  hetherds  e'  th'  Snaake-P/aw^V. 

"  A  small  planting  called,  from  its  shape,  the  Cocked-Hat  plantation, 
near  Temple  Bruer." — The  Bishop  of  Nottingham  in  Line.  Arch.  Soc. 
Rep.,  1868,  152. 

PLASH.— (i)  A  pool  of  water. 

"  Plash,  a  place  full  of  standing  water,  a  puddle." — Dictionarium 
Rusticum,  1726,  sub  voc.  Cf.  Star  Chamber  Rep.  (Camd.  Soc.),  145. 

(2)  A  slight  splash. 

"  The  plash 
Died  on  Cocytus  while  its  depths  were  stirred." 

C.  L.  Smith,  Tr.  of  Tasso,  Jerusalem  Delivered, 
Canto  iv.,  st.  viii. 

PLASH,  v. — (i)  To  lay  a  hedge,  that  is,  to  cut  the  stronger 
thorns  half  way  through,  and  force  them  into  an  oblique 
or  horizontal  position,  in  which  they  are  sometimes  held  by 
stakes  and  binders. 

"  Thomas  Cook  and  John  Blackborne  for  iij  dayes  plashyng  at 
Wroughlond  hedge  at  vj'a-  the  daie.-" — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1584. 

"  Plashing  or  laying  down  the  live  fences  has  been  very  improperly 
performed." — Th.  Stone,  View  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  1794,  33. 

"  William  Needham,  of  Tumby,  farmer,  was  summoned  at  the 
instance  of  William  Stubbs,  of  Tumby,  labourer,  for  non-payment  of 
the  sum  of  £g.  ics.  for  plashing  a  hedge." — Boston  Advertiser,  June  30, 
1840,  p.  2,  col.  v. 

"  High  hedges  to  be  trimmed  or  otherwise  plashed  so  that  the  sun 
and  wind  may  have  free  action  on  the  road." — James  Thropp,  Circular 
concerning  Main  Roads  of  Lindsey,  June,  1884.  Cf.  Archaologia,  xxiii.,  37. 

(2)  To  splash. 

This  raain's  plashed  th'  walls  reight  up  aboon  th'  winda'  sills. 
"  Sounds  of  thickening  steps,  like  thunder-rain, 
That  plashes  on  the  roof  of  some  vast  echoing  fane." 

Mrs.  Hemans,  The  Forest  Sanctuary,  xiv. 

PL  ASH  ER.— One  who  plashes.     See  above. 

Tommy  Lee  was  th1  best  plash er  I  iver  heard  tell  on. 
1742.     "  Buried     .     .     .     May  26th,  William  Johnson,  labourer  & 
plasher." — Scatter  Par.  Reg. 

PLAT.— A  grass-plot. 
PLATE  (plait).— A  pleat. 
PLATE  (plait),  v.— To  pleat, 


MANLEY  AMD  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  411 

PLAY  FOR  LOVE.— To  play  without  stakes. 

I  shan't  plaay  wi'  oot  ther's  sum  munny  on  it ;  it's  agaain  my 
conscience  to  plaay  for  luv ;  I  farm  a  conscience  as  well  as  uther 
foaks.— 1858. 

PLAY  UP,  v. — To  make  much  noise  or  confusion. 

Thaay're  still  eniff  when  the'r  faather's  at  hoam,  bud  thaay  do  plaay 
up  when  thaay're  to  the'r  sens. 

PLESSUR.— Pleasure. 

PLET,  v.— Perfect  of  plait. 

"  Iplet  it  my  sen  last  week,"  said  of  a  book-marker. 

PLEUGH,  PLEW,  PLOO.— Plough.  The  gutteral  gk  still 
lingers  among  us  in  the  first  form  Of  this  word,  but  the  less 
harsh  pronunciation  is  rapidly  extinguishing  it. 

PLOUGH-BALK.— (i)  The  beam  of  a  plough. 

(2)  An  irregularity  in  ploughing,  caused  by  the  ploughshare 
being   allowed  to  vary  in   depth,  and   thus   to   spoil   the 
uniformity  of  the  furrow.     Hence  the  Lincolnshire  proverb  : 
"  More  balks,  more  barley  ; 
Less  balks,  more  beans." 

PLOUGHBOOT.— The  right  of  taking  wood  for  the  purpose 
of  making  ploughs  (obsolete). 

"To  have  .  .  .  sufficient  houseboot,  hedgeboot,  fireboot, plowboot 
cartboot,  gateboot,  and  stakeboot  .  .  ,  to  be  used  on  the  premises 
and  not  elsewhere." — Lease  of  Lands  in  Brumby,  1716.  Cf.  Scroggs, 
Practice  of  Courts-Leet  and  Courts-Baron,  208. 

PLOUGH-BULLOCKS.— Plough-Monday  mummers. 

"  The  next  day  the  plough-bullocks,  or  boggins,  go  round  the  town  to 
receive  alms  at  each  house,  where  they  cry  "  Largus."  They  are 
habited  similar  to  the  morris-dancers,  are  yoked  to,  and  drag  a  small 
plough ;  they  have  their  farmer,  and  a  fool  called  Billy  Buck,  dressed 
like  a  harlequin,  with  whom  the  boys  make  sport.  The  day  is  concluded 
by  the  bullocks  running  with  the  plough  round  the  cross  in  the  market- 
place, and  the  man  that  can  throw  the  others  down  and  convey  their 
plough  into  the  cellar  of  a  public  house  receives  one  shilling  for  his 
agility." — Will.  Peck,  Ace.  of  Isle  of  Axlwlme,  1815,  278.  See  Plough- 
slots  in  Whitby  Glossary,  and  PLOUGH-JAGS  below. 

A  correspondent  informs  me  that  plough-bullocks  were  common  in 
Leicestershire  and  South  Nottinghamshire  a  few  years  ago,  though  the 
word  was  unknown. 

PLOUGH-HALES,  s.  //.—Handles  of  a  plough. 

PLOUGH-JAGS.— Plough-Monday  mummers. 

"  Ther's  been  plew-jags  iver  sin"  th'  flood.  When  thaay  cum'd  oot 
o'  th'  ark  an'  put  th'  fo'st  plew  into  th'  grund,  thaay  dress'd  the'rsens 
up  e'  bits  o'  things  an'  danced  an'  capered  aboot,  an'  thaay  've  dun  it  'e 
mem'ry  o'  that  iver  siuV'— H,  C\,  Winterton,  1880* 


412  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

PLOUGH-LAND.— (i)  Arable  lai 

(2)  An  obsolete  measure  of  land. 

"An  oxgang  is  an  eighth  part  of  a  Plow-land." — Survey  of  Manor  of 
Kirfcn-in-Lindsey,  1787.     Cf.  Middlesex  County  Records,  i.,  101. 

PLOUGH-MONDAY.— The  first  Monday  after  Twelfth-day. 

PLOUGH-SLEAD. — A  sledge  shod  with  iron  used  for  removing 
ploughs  from  place  to  place. 

PLOUGH-STILTS.— The  handles  of  a  plough. 

He's  been  a  good  hard-workin1  chap    iver  sin   he  was  big  enif  to 
walk  atween  a  pair  of  plew-stilts. — See  PLOUGH-HALES. 

PLOVERER   (pluvurur). — A   man  who   catches    plover,   or 
gathers  their  eggs. 

PLOYING  (pluvin). — The  cry  of  the  plover.     Isle  of  Axhohm, 
E.A.W.P.,  Sep.  8,  1875. 

PLUCK. — The  lungs  and  liver  of  animals. 

PLUCK  A  CROW,  phr.—"  To  pluck  a  crow"  is  to  quarrel  or 
have  altercation  with  anyone. 

PLUCKSH.— A  word  used  to  frighten  chickens. 
PLUM,  adj. — Perpendicular. 
PLUM,  ».— (i)  To  fathom. 

(2)  To  tell  if  a  building  be  perpendicular  by  the  use  of  a 
plummet. 

PLUM-BOB.— The  weight  of  a   mason's  plummet. 
PLUM-BREAD. — Bread  with  sugar,  raisins,  and  currants  in  it. 

PLUMP. — (i)  A  patch  or  clump  of  flowers. 

Ther's    a  plump   of  French  willa's  in    Manby  Wood,  just   aboon 
Mottle-esh  Hill,  upo'  th'  No'th  side. — 1862. 

(2)  Wild-ducks  and  wild-geese  are  said  to  fly  in  a  plump  when 
they  fly  closely  together.  Cf.  Arthur  of  Little  Britain,  edit. 
1814,  81.  Marmion  i.,  3. 

POALE.— See  POHLE. 

POANY.— A  pony. 

POCK-AR'D,  ^/.— Marked  with  the  small-pox. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  413 

POCKET. — Holes  in  stiff  clay  in  which  rain-water  accumulates. 

"The  hopeless,  currentless,  remorseless  condition  of  water,  whose 
unhappy  fate  has  fallen  or  melted  upon  fields  as  flat  as  a  billiard-table, 
and  without  even  a  pocket  to  run  into  for  escape  or  concealment." — 
Hoskins,  Talpa,  1852,  p.  3. 

POCKMANKLE.— A  portmanteau. 
POETERY.— Poetry. 

PQHLE.— A  pole. 

Sum  men's  fer  all  warld  like  teakle-/>0to,  fit  fer  noht  when  th're 
seperaated,  up  to  oht  when  th're  banded  togither. 

POINT  GRUND. — A  man  or  beast  so  lame  as  to  walk  with 
much   difficulty   is   said   to   be  "  hardlin's   aable  to  point 


POKE.— (i)  A  sack  ;  a  bag. 

"  The  millers  doe  sett  theire  sackes  and  pokes  of  corne  vpon  the 
pevement  before  Michael  Pimblet  shope,  which  is  to  the  stopeage  of 
the  high  way,  prejudiciall  to  severall  of  [the]  king's  subjects." — Man- 
chester Court-Leet  Rec.,  1686,  vol.  vii.,  p.  251. 

(2)  A  woman's  side-pockeV(obsolescent). 
POKE,  v.— To  pry,  to  intermeddle. 
POKE-BAG.— A  sack  ;  a  bag, 
POKE-BLOWN.— Out  of  breath. 

POKE-NEEDLE. — A  large  needle  used  for  mending  sacks. 
POLL. — A  hornless  cow. 
POLL,  ».— To  cut  the  hair  of  the  head.     See  2  Sam.  xiv.,  26. 

POLL,//.— Pull. 

He  poll  his  coat  off  an'  wanted  to  feight  e'  Brigg  markit. 

POLLARD.— The  coarsest  kind  of  flour. 

POLL  EVIL.; — An  abscess  near  the  upper  vertebrae  of  a  horse's 
neck.  Cf.  Leonard  Towne,  Farmers'  and  Graziers'  Guide, 
1816,  38. 

POLLY,  POLLY-COT.— An  effeminate  man,  a  man  who  takes 
delight  in  doing  women's  work. 

He  was  a  straange  potty ;  he'd  get  up  at  foher  e'  th'  mornin'  to  rub 
th'  dinin'-room  taable  bright. — Gainsburgh,  1843. 

POOND,  PUND.— Pound. 


414  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

POOR,  adj. — (i)  Of  bad  quality,  worthless  ;  said  of  land. 

Ther's  sum  o'  them  hills  e'  Messingham  that  poor  noabody  can  farm 
'em  to  noa  sense. 

(2)  Good  land  when  out  of  condition  is  also  said  to  be  poor. 

When  Godfrey  left  it  it  was  e1  good  condition  an'  wod  graw  oht. 
George  hes  hed  it  noo  eaght  year  an'  'ull  leave  it  as  poor  as  Hardwick 
hill  side.—Bottesford,  Sept.,  1887. 

(3)  Thin ;  emaciated. 

If  that  theare  Nottinghamsheere  woman  hed  n't  ha'  been  rich  an'  what 
sum  foaks  calls  a  laady  she'd  ha'  been  sent  to  jaail  fer  pinin'  her  herses 
and  things  while  th're  that  poor  thaay  hev  n't  strength  to  stan'. 

POOR  AS  A  CRAW,  POOR  AS  WOOD.— Very  thin. 

Them  beas  o'  Butterwick  Haale's  all  as  poor  as  wood ;  sum  on  'em  '11 
be  deein'  if  thaay  're  let  to  oher-stock  it  e'  this  how. — April,  1887. 

He  could  n't  eat,  an'  was  as  poor  as  a  craw,  soa  missis  hed  him 
shutten.— 1886. 

POOR  CREATURE.— A  term  used  to  designate  anyone  weak 
in  body  or  mind. 

I  ewsed  to  be  strong  an'  hearty,  bud  I'm  a  poor  creatur'  noo. 

POOTHER  (poodh-ur).— Powder. 

"  Hard  upo'  poother  an'  light  upo"  shot, 
An'  then  you'll  kill  dead  o'  the  very  spot." 

Local  Rhyme. 

POPINJAY.— The  green  wocdpe.cker. 

POPPLE. — Corn  cockle  ;  a  flower  found  growing  among  corn, 
the  seeds  of  which  are  difficult  to  separate  from  or  "  dress 
out  "  from  among  the  grain  when  thrashed.  There  is  a 
field  at  Bottesford  called  Popple  Close  which  has  been 
mistakenly  thought  to  have  taken  its  name  from  this  plant. 
It  was  really  called  Popple  Close  from  the  name  of  a  tenant 
who  occupied  it  about  the  year  1805. 

POPPY-SMACK.— The  vessel  in  which  the  poppies  which 
were  formerly  much  grown  at  Whitton  and  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood were  sent  to  Hull. 

POPPY-TEA,  POPPY- WATER.— A  decoction  of  poppies 
taken  as  a  narcotic,  or  used  for  fomentations. 

PORK,  v.— To  fatten  pigs  for  pork. 

PORKET.— A  pork  pig. 

"Pigs    .    .    .    4porkets." — Gainsburgh  News,  April  14,  1877. 

PORPUS.— A  very  fat  man. 

He's  a  real  porpus,  scar'd  o'  sittin'  doon  e'  a  arm  chair,  fear'd  he 
should  n't  be  aable  to  get  oot  agean, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  415 

PORPUS-PIG.— A  porpoise. 

We  have  heard  that  the  word  "pig"  was  added  because  "  it  hes  a 
inside  just  for  all  th'  warld  liks  a.  pig." 

"  Pd  for  a  porpes  pygge  iijs. " — Household  Ace.  of  Lestrange's  of 
Hunstanton,  1552,  in  Archceologia,  xxv.,  448. 

"  In  the  Netherlands  a  troop  of  porpoises  is  popularly  called  '  the 
farmer  and  his  pigs.'" — Notes  and  Queries,  iv.  s.,  xi.,  347. 

PORTESS.— A  portifory  or  breviary  (obsolete). 

1566.  "  Blyton  .  .  .  one  portess  and  one  manuell,  defacid  this 
yeare." — Line.  Ch.  Goods,  52. 

PORTMANTLE. — A    portmanteau.      This    was   a   common 
form  of  the  word  in  the  seventeenth  century. 

POSEY.— (i)  A  bunch  of  gathered  flowers. 

(2)  The  bouquet  or  scent  of  hay  or  clover. 

If  th'  raain  ho'ds  ther1  '11  be  noa  posey  e'  oor  haay  to  year. 

POSH. — To  slip  down  ;  to  fall  in ;  said  of  a  wall,  the  side  of  a 
well,  ditch,  or  drain. 

I'm  scar'd  when  I  get  to  wheare  th'  sand  pipe  is,  th'  side  o'  th' 
draain  will  come  posh  in  wi"  th'  wall  a  top  on  it. — Ashby,  May  5,  1888. 

POSSEDE,  v.— To  possess  (obsolete). 

"  To  haue  ayene,  reteyne  and  possede  any  fermor  clause  or 
article  .  .  .  notwithstandynge." — Lease  of  Manor  of  Scatter,  1537. 

POSSELLS.— See  KESSELLS  and  POSSELLS. 

POST  AND  PAN.— Stud  and  mud  building  (q.v.) 

A  deal  o'  Gaainsb'r  Ohd  Hall's  not  stoan  nor  brick,  it's  podst  an'  pan. 

POST-MILL. — A     wooden     mill    supported     on     posts,     as 
distinguished  from  a  smock-mill  (q.v.) 

POT. — (i)  A  vessel  of  earthenware  or  glass. 

A  servant,  having  broken  a  glass  tumbler,  said :  Please  m'm,  I've 
brok'  this  here ;  I  haate  to  braake  a  pot,  but  I  did  n't  do  it  a'  purpose. 
See  BOIL  OVER. 

(2)  A  deep  hole  in  a  brook. 
POT,  pp.— Put. 
POT-ALLEY.— A  marble^made  of  earthenware. 

POTATOE-PIE.— (i)  A  heap  of  potatoes  covered  with  straw 

and  earth. 

(2)  A  pie  in  which  the  main  ingredient  is  slices  of  potatoe, 
with  only  a  very  little  meat  therein,  for  the  purpose  of 
giving  it  flavour. 


416  MAtfLEY  AND   CORRItfGtfAM   WORDS. 

POT-CART.— The  van  or  other  vehicle  of  an  itinerant  seller 
of  earthenware. 

POTCHED.— Poached,  said  of  eggs. 

POTHER.— Bother  ;  fuss;  confusion. 

You  maake  as  much  pother  all  aboot  noht  at  all  as  th'  Haxa'  clerk  did 
when  he'd  lost  th'  chech  kea  upo'  Sunda'  mornin'. 

"  After  all  this  poother." — Sir  Christ.  Wyvill,  Pntentions  of  the  Triple 
Crown,  1672,  p.  141. 

POT-MAN. — A  dealer  in  earthenware. 

POT  MARJORAM.— Origanum. 

POT-SHOP. — A  shop  where  earthenware  and  glass  are  sold. 

POTTER.— A  fire-poker. 

POTTER,  v.— To  poke. 

Noo  then,  Anne,  potter  that  fire,  or  it  '11  be  dead  oot  in  a  minnit. 

POTTER  ABOUT.— (i)  To  loiter ;    to  waste  time,  or  to  do 
work  in  a  lazy  or  inefficient  manner. 

He's  potterin'  aboot  doin'  noht,  just  e'  th'  ohd  fashion. 
(2)  To  do  odd  jobs  which  are  needful,  but  are  not  a  part  of 
any  one  person's  regular  work. 

POTTER  OUT,  v.— To  pay. 

Cum  potter  oot,  or  I'll  see  what  th'  coort  '11  do  for  you. 

POTTIN,     POTTUN.— Contraction     for     Ferdinand.       See 

FODDIN. 

POULCHER.— A  poacher. 

"  Success  to  every  polcher  that  wants  to  sell  a  hare." — Lincolnshire 
Poacher,  in  Middl.  Cos.  Hist.  Col.  ii.,  320. 

POULCHING.— Poaching. 

11  Till  I  took  up  iopokhing,  as  you  shall  quickly  hear." — Ibid. 

POUTHER.— Powder. 

POVERTY-PURSE.— The  shepherd's  purse  ;  perhaps  so  called 
because  it  grows  on  bad  land. 

POWER. — Many ;  a  large  quantity  ;  a  large  sum. 
Ther1  was  a  power  o'  foaks  at  th'  camp-meetin'. 
He'll  hev  a  power  o1  brass  when  his  faather  dees. 
It  wo'd  do  a  fella'  like   you  a  power  o1  good  to  be  sent  to  Lincoln 
prison  for  a  munth  or  two. 

POWER,  POWER  DOWN  (pou-h'r-down),  v.— To  pour. 
It  begun  to  power  doon  wi1  raain  when  we  was  e'  chech. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  417 

FOWL  (poul).— A  pole. 

There  ewsed  to  be  apowl  across  th'  beck  to  firm  a  brig  for  foot  foaks. 
For  a  furr  powk  for  the  clocke  iiijd — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1630. 
See  POHLE. 

POWSE.— (i)  Rubbish. 
(2)  Silly  talk. 

PRATE,  v.— (i)  To  chatter;  to  hold  forth  on  uninteresting 
subjects. 

When  he's  not  talkin'  aboot  his  hoose  an'  furniture,  he's  alus  praatin' 
aboot  eatin'. 

(2)  A  hen  is  said  to  prate  when  she  makes  a  noise  which  is 
understood  to  be  a  sign  of  her  being  about  to  begin  laying. 

PRATT Y  (prat-i),  ^.—Pretty. 

"  Pratty  is  that  pratty  duz."     That    is  good  conduct  is   the   chief 
ornament. 

PRAY-BOOK.— A  prayer-book. 

What's  all  them  gran'faathers  an'  gran'muthers'e'  th' pray -book  for  ? 
The  questioner  alluded  to  the  table  of  kindred  and  affinity. 

PRECIOUS,  adj.  or  adv. — (i)  Remarkable  ;  remarkably. 

Ther'  a  precious  few  berries  t'-year. 

There  "11  be  a  precious  lot  of  trippers  at  Nostell  o'  Wednesda'. 

(2)  Often  used  ironically  for  something  remarkably  small  in 
quantity. 

Ther  was  a  precious  yield  o'  beans  e'  th'  marsh  ;  not  a  seek  a'  aacre, 
I'll  be  bun'. 

PREG.— A  peg. 
'PRENTICE.— An  apprentice. 
PRESENTLY.— Now;  immediately. 

PRICE,  IN. — A  person  is  said  to  have  a  thing  in  price  who  has 
had  the  offer  of  it  for  sale,  but  has  not  yet  concluded  or 
broken  off  the  bargain. 

I  can't  tell  you  what  I  shall  want  for  her  (a  cow),  for  Mr.  .  .  . 
hes  her  i'  price. 

PRICK,  v. — (i)  ^To  decorate  a  church  or  chapel  with  holly  for 

Christmas. 
(2)  To  mark  in  a  list  of  names  those  who  are  defaulters. 

Mr.  George  Chatterton  rode  Brumby  sewer,  an'  ther'  was  one  man 
'at  hed  n't  dun  his  lot ;  soa  Chatterton prickt  him,  an'  th'  Commissioners 
rriaade  him  do  it. — Scunthorpe,  Oct.  6,  1875. 

PRICK-HOLLIN.— Prick-holly. 


418  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

PRICKLE. — A  prick  ;  a  spine. 

Thoo's  as  full  o'  awk'ardness  as  a  otchen  is  o'  prickles. 

PRICKLY-OTCHEN,  PRICKY-OTCHEN.— A  hedgehog. 
See  OTCHEN. 

PRICK-STOHP,  PRICK-POST.— A  post  used  in  post-and-rail 
fencing,  which  is  not  set  in  a  hole  dug  for  the  purpose,  but 
is  hammered  down  with  a  "mell"  or  a  "gablock." 

PRIEST'S  CROWN.— The  dandelion. 

PRIME. — In  first-rate  condition  or  manner. 

He'd  sum  as  prime  stock  e'  his  yard  this  last  year  as  ony  body. 
I  doan't  think  much  to  his  conduct  oot  o'  th'  pulpit,  bud  as  a  preacher 
he's  real  prime. 

PRIMED,//).— Slightly  the  worse  for  drink. 

PRIMITIVE.  — A  member  of  the  Primitive  Methodist 
Connection. 

Them  chapil  foaks  thinks  a  powerful  deal  o'  ther1  sens;  one  on  'em 
was  tellin'  me  a  peace  back  "at  e'  heaven  Primitives  wo'd  stan1  upo' 
chech  foaks's  heads.  "Why,  bless  ye,"  says  I,  "If  I  can  nobbut  get 
saafe  up  theare,  thaay  maay  lig  full  len'th  o'  mine  for  all  I  care." — 

Winteringham,  1884. 

PRIMP.— Privet. 

PRINCES,  PRINCE-REGENTS.— A  variety  of  potatoe. 

PRIVY-SESSIONS.— Petty  sessions  (obsolete). 

"  At  the  privie-sessions  at  Gainsborough,  the  xxij.  day  of  Januarie, 
ijs. " — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1639. 

PRIZE.— A  lever. 

PRIZE,  v. — To  raise  with  a  lever. 

PROCESSION,  v.— To  walk  in  procession. 

The  Foresters  alus  processions  Messingham  toon  street  ivery  year. 

PROD,  PROG,  v.— To  poke  ;  to  goad. 

"Prog  the  hous'd  bee  from  the  cotter's  wall." 

John  Clare,  Rural  Evening. 

PROOD,  adj.— Proud. 

PROPPED   UP.— Helped,  supported. 

He'd  hev  goan  all  to  smash  years  sin  bud  Mr.  W.  .  .  propped 
him  up. 

I  should  hev  been  dead  afoore  noo  hedn't  th'  doctor  propped  me  up 
wi'  stuff  he  sends. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  419 

PROTESTANTS.— A  kind  of  potatoe. 

PROUD,  PROOD.— (i)  Conceiled. 

(2)  Earth  or  manure  is  said  to  be  proud  when  it  lies  lightly, 
before  it  has  had  time  to  settle. 

We've  fill'd  th'  graave  up  real  proud,  but  it'll  sattle  a  deal. 

PROUD-FLESH. — Unhealthy  flesh  in  a  wound  or  sore. 

In  the  centre  of  the  tumour  .  .  .  she  perceived  a  small  substance 
.  .  .  which  at  the  time  she  took  for  proud-flesh. — Lincolnshire  news- 
paper cutting,  recent. 

PRUDENT. — Chaste,  virtuous.  See  Notes  and  Queries,  vj.  s., 
j.  293,  480. 

PUBLIC-HOUSE-BARGAIN.— A  loose  bargain;  a  bargain 
of  an  unprofitable  or  bad  character. 

Them  carrots  isn't  wo'th  moore  then  hauf  what  George  hes  gen  for 
'em.  It's  been  a  real  public-hoose-bargain. 

PUCKER. — (i)  A  wrinkle  made  in  sewing. 

(2)  Embarrassment ;  trepidation  about  small  matters. 

PUCKER,  PUCKER-UP.— (i)  To  make  wrinkles  in  sewing. 
(2)  To  distort  the  face. 

PUDDING-FAT.— The  fat  adhering  to  the  viscera  of  a  pig. 

PUDDINGS,  s.  pi. — The  intestines.  A  person  who  suffers 
from  strangulated  hernia  is  said  to  '  have  got  his  puddings 
twisen.' 

PUDGE  (puj). — A  small  pool  of  water  or  mud. 

PUFF.— Breath. 

I  soon  lose  my  puff  gooin'  up  hill. 

PULK.— A  coward. 

PULKS. — A  heavy,  lethargic  woman. 

PULL.— (i)  To  pick,  pluck,  gather. 

We  was/>M//w'  apples  e'  th'  new  otchard  th  'daay  th'  mare  deed. 
I  mun  hev  them  corran's  pulVd  or  th'  bods  '11  hev  ivery  one. 

(2)  To  pluck  the  feathers  from  a  bird. 

If  ye  doant  get  them  chickens  pulVd  missis  '11  be  efter  ye. 
"  People  pulling  geese." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  97. 

(3)  To  pull  up  is   to  stop  on  riding  or   driving ;    sometimes, 
though  rarely,  used  of  walking  or  stopping  in  conversation. 
One  who  decreases  his  expenditure  is  said  to  pull  up,  and 


420  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

a  person  who  has  had  further  credit  refused  by  the  bank,  or 
a  shopkeeper  with  whom  he  deals  is  said  to  have  been 

pulled  up. 

(4)  A  person  is  said  to  be  pulled  down  who  has  been  weakened 
by  sickness,  sorrow  or  poverty. 

FULLBACK.— A  drawback. 

He's  a  rich  man  yit,  bud  theasebad  times  hes  been  a  sore  fullback  for 
him. 

It  was  a  real  bad  pullback  for  her  to  braak  her  airm  afoore  she  was  oot 
agean  fra  her  lay  in'  in. 

PULLEN.— Poultry  (obsolescent). 

"  My  stomach's  not  so  nice  or  sullen, 
But  I  could  make  a  shift  with  pullen." 

Edward  Ward,  Don  Quixote,  i.,  361. 

Cf.  Archceologia,  x.,  436.  Midi.  Counties  Hist.  Coll.,  ij.,  29.  Manchester 
Court-Leet  Records,  iv.,  212. 

PULLY-HAWLY-WORK.— (i)  Romping  play  among  lads 
and  lasses. 

I  haate  such  pully-hawly-wark ;  ther's  niver  noii  good  cums  on  itr  an' 
of'ens  misfo'tuns  happens. 

(2)  Unskilful  bell-ringing. 

PULPER.— A  machine  used  for  grinding  turnips  and  other 
roots  into  pulp  for  cattle-food. 

PULPIT.— (i)  An  auctioneer's  stand. 

(2)  A  square   box   sunk  in    a  wash-dyke  in   which   a   man 
stands  who  washes  sheep. 

PULSE.— Chaff. 

PULTIS  (pult-is).— A  poultice. 

PULTRY  (pult-ri).— Poultry. 

PUMP  WITHOUT  A  HANDLE,  phr.-A.ny  person  or  thing 
that  is  quite  unfit  to  discharge  the  office  which  he  or  it  has 
to  fill. 

I  reckon  a  parson  what's  not  a  good  hand  at  preachin'  is  just  a  pump 
wi'oot  a  handle. 

PUN,  v. — To  ram  or  beat  earth  so  as  to  consolidate  it.  Lit.  to 
pound. 

PUNCH,  v.— To  beat. 
PUNCHY,  adj.— Broad;  thick-set, 


•  M-AN-LEY-  AND    CORRINGHAM-  WORDS.  421 

PUNCTAL    (pungkt-ul),   ^/.—Punctual ;    upright ;   straight- 
forward ;  truthful. 

He's  a.  punctual  man  to  speak  efter. 

"  Thomas  Stocks  .  .  .  was  always  a  very  punctual  man." — E.S.P., 
Bottesford,  1853. 

PUNCTAL    PROMISED.— Promised  in  a  manner  which  -is 
quite  distinct  and  clear  in  all  particulars. 

-  It's  to  noa  ewse  saayin'  ony  moore  aboot  that  pig,  for  I  tell  ye  it's 

punctual  promised. — Broughton. 

PUND  (pund).— A  pound. 

PUNISH,   v. — To  cause  pain,  out  of  anger,  wantonness,  or 
cruelty. 

PUNISHMENT.— Pain;  suffering. 

How's  John  ? 

Oh,  poor  bhd  man,  he  was  e'  sore  punishment  when  I  left  him. 
Put  that  poor  ohd  hoss  oot  on  his  punishment,  it's  a  shaame  to  let 
him  live  e'  that  how. 

PURELY,  tfd/. — Nicely;  favourably;  very  well. 
She's  gooin'  on  purely,  thank  you. — Yaddhthorpe. 

PURGE,  v. — To  cleanse  a  ditch  or  drain. 
PURL.— A  fall  from  horseback. 

PURPUS,  PURPUS-PIG.— A  porpoise.     See  PoRPus-PiG. 
Thaay  mak  boot-laaces  of  purpus  skins. 

PURSE.— (i)  The  scrotum. 

(2)  A  hollow  bit  of  coal  which  flies  out  of  the  fire,  and  is 
believed  to  portend  a  purse  of  money  coming  to  him  in 
whose  direction  it  flies. 

PUSSY-CAT.— (i)  Child's  name  for  a  cat. 
(2)  The  catkins  of  the  willow. 

PUTHER. — To  pour  in  ;  to  pour  out ;   to  pour  down. 

Th'  soot  cum  putherin'  doon  chimla'. — 1841. 

Thoo  moan't  leave  th'  winda's  oppen  e'  a  wind  like  this ;  if  th'  duz 
sand  an'  leaves  an'  all  soorts  o'  muck  '11  puther  in  like  all  that. — 
May  3,  1888. 

Th'  bag  brusted  an'  meal  cum' d  puther  in'  oot  upo'  th'  hoose  floor. 

Smook  was  putherin'  oot  o1  iv'ry  crack  an'  chink  as  ther'  was. 

PUT  IN,  v. — To  begin  to  lengthen  or  increase. 

Daays  begin  to  put  in  nicetly  when  March  hes  cum'd  in. 
Spring  winds  put  in  early  this  year  an'  lasted  laate. 
I  sha'  n't  thresh  no  oats  awhile  March  puts  in,  then  thaay  '11  goa  for 
seed, 

I 


422  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

PUT  UP  TO.— To  instruct. 

He  knew  noht  at  all  aboot  aither  suffin'  or  hedge-plashin'  when  he 
cum'd  here,  but  I  soon  put  him  up  to  'em. 

PYANOT.— Pceonia  offic-inalis. 

PYCHIN  ABOUT  (peich-in),/m.  /^.—Listening  ;  skulking; 
eavesdropping. 

"Let  me  lock  the  door,  for  feerd  madam  should  come;  she's  alm'st 
&\us pychin'  about." — Ralf  Skirlaugh,  j.  185. 

PYE-BACK.— See  PICK-A-BACK. 

PYWIPE  (pei-weip). — The  lapwing,  vanellus  cristatus.  There  is 
a  public-house  called  the  Pywipe,  near  Lincoln,  on  the 
Foss-dyke;  and  there  is,  or  was  within  human  memory,  a 
place  called  Pyewype  Hall,  near  Redburne,  and  another 
house  bearing  the  same  name  near  Aylesby. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WOPDS.  428 


Q 


Q  WITH  A  LONG  TAIL.— A  measuring-tape  which  winds  up 
into  a  box. 

QUAKERS.— Trembling  grass. 

QUALIFIED  (al  as  in  alley).— Able  ;  competent. 

He's  not  qualified  to  write  a  letter,  but  he  can  read  writin1. 
Th1  graainry  floor,  noo  the  new   bauks  is  in,  is  qualified  to  bear 
hundred  quaarter. 

QUALITIES,  s.pl.  (al  as  in  alley)— Abilities. 

If  Maria  was  nobbud  as  good  e'  her  behaaviour  as  she  is  e'  her  qualities 
she'd  be  clear  different  to  what  she  is. 

She's  reight  e'  her  qualities,  her  book-larnin',  an1  all  that  theare,  bud 
she's  so  maisterful,  that's  th'  wo'st  on  her. 

QUALITY  (al  as  in  alley).— The  gentry. 

QUANDARY  (an  as  in  an).— Perplexity. 

"He  brought  him  into  aquandare  that  indeed  he  knew  not  whether  he 
might  better  obey  shame  or  loue." — Bernard,  Terence,  320. 

QUARREL  (ar  as  in  are). — A  quarry  or  square  of  glass. 

QUARTERN  (ar  as  in  are). — A  quarter  of  anything. 

"Three  quartrans  of  one  oxgange  of  land." — Will  of  John  Clarke,  of 
Scawthorpe,  1647. 

QUAVER,  v. — (i)  To  shake  ;  to  reel ;  to  tremble. 
He  was  n't  real  fresh  but  he  quaaver'd  a  bit  in  his  talk. 

(2)  To  equivocate. 

Noo  doan't  quaaver,  bud  tell  us  streight  just  what  you  seed. 

(3)  To  go   about  any   kind  of  occupation  in   an   uncertain 
manner. 

QUEE.— A  female  calf. 

Ey,  thaay  speak  clear  different  e'  Yerksheere  to  what  we  do.  I  mind 
hearin'  a  woman  'at  was  fra  that-awaays-on  tellin'  on  her  naaibour 
she'd  gotten  a  nist  "  why,"  an'  when  I  went  to  see  what  it  was,  it  was 
noht  bud  a  quee-cauf. — 1887. 

"  I  bequeath  to  Esabell,  my  doghter,  one  black  qwye." — Will  of  James 
Smith,  of  Scatter,  1550. 

"  Six  steares  and  three  quees  29^." — Invent,  of  Sir  John  Anderson  of 
Bt'oughton,  1671,  in  Sir  Charles  H.  J.  Anderson's  Ace.  of  Lea.,  25. 


424  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

QUEEN,  THE.— To  call  the  Queen  one's  aunt  signifies  the 
greatest  honour  or  distinction  that  can  happen  to  any  one. 

An  old  woman  at  Winterton,  who  was  receiving  parish  relief,  said, 
"  Oh,  sir,  if  th'  board  wo'd  nobut  put  me  on  anuther  sixpence  a  week  I 
wo'd  n't  thenk  ye  to  hev  th'  Queen  for  my  aunt." 

QUEEN  OF  THE  MEADOW.— Spima  Ulmaria,  Queen  of  the 
Meadow,  is  a  translation  of  the  old  Latin  name,  Regina  Prati. 
See  Britten  and  Holland,  Eng.  Plant  Names. 

QUEER-STREET.— A  mess;  a  difficulty ;  probably  modern 
slang. 

She's  alus  e'  queer-street  aboot  sum'ats. 

QUERE  (kweer).— (i)  The  choir  or  chancel  of  a  church. 

"  My  husband's  laaid  under  th'  quere  winda" "  was  said  September 
5,  1877,  by.  a  woman  of  Winterton,  aged  ninety. 

(2)  The  persons  who  sing  in  the  choir  ;  the  choristers. 

(3)  Sometimes,  though  rarely,  the  transept  of  a  church.     The 
north  transept  at  Bottesford  is  called  the  Holme,  or  the 
Papist  quere,  because  it  was  the  burial  place  of  the  old 
Catholic  family  of  Morley,  of  Holme  Hall. 

QUERN. — A  handmill  (obsolete).  In  Derbyshire  the  upper 
stone  of  a  quern  was  called  the  "  runner,"  the  lower  the 
"ligger." — Archaologia,  vij.,  20.  I  have  not  met  with  these 
words,  thus  used,  here. 

QUEST.— An  inquest. 

QUICK,  adj.— Alive. 

I  hed  it  i'  my  mind  all  them  yung  treas  e'  th'  Pan  Field  wo'd  dee, 
but  noo  raain's  cum'd  thaay're  quick  eniff. 

"  I  give  to  Thomas  Younge,  my  son,  my  wagons,  harrowes,  plows, 
and  utensils  of  husbandry,  and  also  all  my  other  quick  cattle." — Will 
of  Arthur  Younge,  of  Keadby,  1709. 

QUICK,  QUICKWOOD.— Young  plants  of  thorn,  of  which 
hedges  are  made. 

You  mun  cut  doon  that  quick  or  it'll  graw  crookled. 

Quickwood  'at  you  get  oot  o'  hedge-boddums  an'  plantin's  isn't  noht 
near  as  good  as  what  you  buy. 

"  1  observed  many  of  the  quicks  much  neglected." — Arth.  Young, 
Line.  Agric.,  1799,  91. 

QUICK-STICK,  IN  A,  ^.—Immediately. 
If  thoo's  not  off  in  a  quick-stick  I'll  help  the. 

QUICKEN,  QUICKEN-WOOD.— The  mountain  ash. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  425 

QUIET,  adv.— Quite. 

I  was  quiet  stall'd  wi'  listenin'  to  his  gab. 

"  We  shall  do  here  quiet   well,   bud    thaay'll  soon  be  wantin"  raain 
soorely  upo'  th'  hill-side." — Bottesford  Moors,  14  June,  1887. 

QUIETEN,  v.— To  quiet. 

II  The  wedding  had  better  be  put   off  until  they  had  become  more 
quietened." — Leeds  Merc.,  27  July,  1875. 

QUILT,  v.— To  beat. 
QUILTING.— A  beating. 
QUIRK.— A  trick;  a  dodge. 

QUIRKLE.— A  twist. 

There's  a  lot  o'  quirkles  e'  this  band. 

QUIRKLY,  QUIRKLED,  «#.— Twisted. 

It's  a  straange  bit  o'  quirkly  road  atween  Eastoft  an'  Luddington. 


426  .MANLEY  AND  CORRINGMAM  WORDS. 


R 

RABBIT,  i'.— To  catch  rabbits. 

RABBIT.— A  form  of  curse. 
'Od  rabbit  it. 
Rabbit  you,  you  ohd  theaf. 

RABBIT-MEAT. — Anthriscus  Sylvestrea,  Heraclentn  Sphondyliuni, 

and  any  other  similar  plant  which  rabbits  are  fond  of. 

You  can't  gether  rabbit-meat  wi'  oot  findin'  nettles. — Proverb. 

RABBLEMENT. — A  crowd  of  disorderly  persons;  a  rabble. 
Ther'  was  a  straange  rabblement  o'  foaks  to  see  the  wild  beast  shaw. 

RACATOWN.— See  RUCKEYTOON. 

RACE,  v. — To  beat  in  a  race. 
I  can  raace  the. 

RACK. — (i)  A  frame  for  holding  fodder  in  a  building  or  out  of 
doors. 

(2)  A  frame  for  holding  plates  and  dishes.     See  CREEL,  4. 

(3)  Clouds  or  mist  driven  before  the  wind. 

"Thin  clouds,  fleeting  under  the  thicker  and  heavier,  that  which 
in  English  wee  call  the  racke." — William  Pemble,  A  Short  and  Sweete 
Exposition  vpon  the  First  Nine  Chapters  of  Zachary,  1629,  p.  164. 

RACK  AND  MANGER,  phr.—To  live  at  rack  and  manger  is  to 
live  plentifully  ;  without  stint. 

RACK  AND  RUIN.— Total  destruction. 
RACKAPELT. — A  riotous,  noisy  child,  or  pet  animal. 
RACKAPELT,  RACKAPELTERLY,  adj.— Riotous,  noisy, 

RACK  OF  MUTTON.— A  neck  of  mutton.     A.S.  hracca,  the 
neck. 

RACK-YARD,— A  fold-yard, 


MANLEV  AND  CORRI^GHAM  WORDS. 

RADDLE,  ».—(:)  To  beat  (properly  to  beat  with  a  rod). 
(2)  To  smear  with  rud.     See  RUDDLE. 

RADGY. — Extremely  anxious;  violent;  highly  irritated. 

Flower's  foal  deed  as  soon  as  it  was  foal'd,  soa  I've  taa'en  that  graay 
Shire  mare,  Beetrice,  foal  fra  her,  an*  gen  it  to  Flower,  an'  she  is  radgy 
efter  it,  you  ma'  depend. — Bottesford,  1888* 

RAFF.— (i)  A  rafter. 

(2)  Foreign  timber. 

(3)  a  term  of  contempt  for  a  worthless  fellow. 

He's  a  good  for  noht,  a  real  raff. 

RAFFLE,  v. — To  ravel ;  to  entangle  ;  to  confuse. 

You've  raffled  all  that  sowin'-silk,  soa  that  noabody  can  wind  it. 
It  was  such  a  raffled  mess  that  ther'  wasn't  a  lawyer  e"  th'  cuntry 
could  mak'  onything  on  it 

RAFFLE-CAP.— A  disorderly  person, 

RAFF-MARCH  ANT.  -  A  timber-merchant. 

RAFF- YARD.— A  timber-yard. 

RAG,  RAGSTONE.— A  whetstone. 

RAG,  v.— To  tease. 

RAGAMUFFIN. — A  dirty  or  disorderly  person. 

RAG-CHAIN.— A  small  chain. 

\ 

'RAGEOUS.— Outrageous. 

RAGGED,  pp. — Covered  ;  used  of  fruit-trees. 

The  trees  doon  at  th'  warp  is  ragg'd  wi'  apples. 
Oor  corran'-treas  is  ragg'd  wi'  berries. 


RAG-RIME. — A  white  frost,  when  much  frozen  dew  hangs  on 
the  trees  like  white  rags. 

RAGS. — Meat  is  said  to  be  boiled  or  roasted  to  rags  when  it  is 
much  over  done. 

RAIL,  v. — To  sew  with  big  stitches ;  to  tack. 

RAIN. — When  it  rains  violently  it  is  said  to  "  raain  cats  and 
dogs,"  or  to  "  raain  pitchferks  wi'  th'  tines  doon'ards." 

RAIN-BEETLE.— The  shard  beetle, 


423  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS'. 

RAINY  DAY.— To  "  lay  by  agaain  a  vaainy  daay"  means  to 
provide  for  the  future. 

He  hedn't  much  to  start  wi',  but  he  alus  said,  "  I'll  lay  by  agaain  a 
vaainy  decay,"  an'  noo,  you  see,  he's  gotten  to  be  real  well  off. 

RAISEMENT. — Rise,  increase,  advance. 

Ther'  was  a  great  raisement  e'  prices  when  we'd  th'  Russian  war  agaate. 
I  wish  we'd  anuther  like  it.  Nov.,  1886. 

This  isn't  the  time  to  talk  o'  raisement  o'  rent,  wi'  wheat  at  tho'ty 
shillin'  a  quarter.  Oct.  8,  1887. 

RAKE,  v. — To  stray ;  said  of  cattle,  and  sometimes  of  other 
animals. 

That  bull  o'  Chafor's  is  a\nsr (taking  aboot  th'  toon  sumwheares. 
I  alus  thoht  oor  ohd  bitch  wo'd  cum  to  a  bad  end  ;  she  ewsed  to 
raake  efter  rabbits  among  th'  sand  hills.     May,  1886. 

RAKE  ABOUT,  v.— To  wander  about  ;  said  of  children, 
servants,  and  animals. 

Cats  '11  goa  fer  miles  at  nest  raakin'  aboot. 

RAKE  OF  PASTURE.— Right  of  pasture  on  unenclosed  land. 
There  was  a  place  in  the  Manor  of  Scotter  called  Long 
Rayke. — Manor  Records,  1591.  Cf.  Icel.  Reika,  to  wander* 
to  stroll. 

RAKE  UP,  v.— (i)  To  collect ;  to  bring- together. 

Oor  squire's  raak'd  up  a  lot  o'  ohd-fashion'd  things. 
(2)  To  collect  or  repeat  scandal  or  calumnies. 

She's  alus  raakin1  up  sum  bad  taale  or  anuther  agaain  sumbody. 

RAKINGS,  sb.  pi. — The  ears  of  corn  which  are  raked  up  in  a 
cornfield  after  the  mowers  have  "  stooked  "  the  sheaves. 
These  rakings  are  not  made  up  into  sheaves,  but  into  large 
bundles,  which  are  commonly  put  on  the  top  of  a  stack.  In 
a  wet  harvest  they  are  often  much  damaged,  and  are  then 
made  into  a  stack  by  themselves  and  thrashed  for  pig-corn. 

RAM,  v.— (i)  To  beat  down. 

I  remember  th'  time  very  well.  Thaay  was  rammin'  piles  that  da>  at 
th'  Beck-head. 

(2)  To  push  violently. 

He  ramm'd  agaain  me  as  I  was  gooin'  thrift  th'  door-stead. 

RAM  ABOUT,  v.— To  knock  about ;  to  push  violently. 

Doant  ram  aboot  e'  that  how,  thoo  '11  be  aaither  laamin1  thy  sen  or 
else  braakin'  sum'at. 

RAM  FULL.— Quite  full. 

It  was  ram  full  reight  slap  Up  to  th'  top,  said  of  a  cess-pooli 
That  theare  tree's  ram  full  o1  apples. 


MAM LEV  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  429 

RAMIFIED. — Choked  with  weeds,  said  of  corn. 

Hares  doan't  like  to  be  e'stan'in  corn  when  Its  ramified  wi'  heiidaaches. 
— Bottesford,  August  22,  1882. 

RAM  IN.— To  burst  in. 

"  Me  an' my  muther  was  so  scar'd  when  we  seed  her  [a  boggard*] 
that  we  run'd  hoam,  an'  went  at  door  as  if  we  was  ready  for  th'  'sylum ; 
a'i'  my  faather,  as  did  n't  knaw  what  was  up,  holla's  oot,  '  Hohd  hard 
while  I  get  her  oppen  or  you'll  be  rammw'  in.'" — Account  of  a  Spectre  seen 
at  Wifiteringham,  circa  1835. 

RAMMIL. —  Rubbish  of  any  kind.  The  Craven  Glossary  gives 
Ramillj  underwood,  twigs  ;  Lat.  ramulus.  The  derivation  is 
certainly  wrong ;  the  interpretation  has  probably  been 
brought  into  unison  with  it.  Miss  Baker,  in  the  Northampton- 
shire Glossary,  defines  it  as  "stone,  rubbish,  or  rubble,  the 
refuse  left  by  masons,  such  as  is  used  for  the  filling  in  of 
walls."  Mr.  Sharp,  of  Coventry,  says  that  it  occurs 
in  the  municipal  muniments  of  that  city  as  early  as  1448. 

"  Tak'  that  rammil  back  ;  I  don't  want  none  on  it." — Ralf  Skirlaugh, 
i.,  194. 

"  For  carry inge  ye  stones  &  rammell  away  where  ye  crosse  stoode." — 
1569.  North.  Chron.  of  St.  Martin's.  Leicester,  172. 

"  Paid  the  scavengers  f  ^r  carryin'  ramcl  from  the  churchyard." — 
Ch.  Ace.,  1754  ;  Cox  and  Hope's  Chron.  of  All  Saints,  Derby,  199.  [See 
Ramel,  rubbish,  in  Halliwell.  Cf.  Swed  ramla,  to  tumble  down.  The 
word  is  Scandinavian.—  W.W.S.~] 

RAMMING.— Big;  fine. 

What  a  great  rammin'  bairn  that  is  o'  thine,  Keturah.  Ct.  Icel.  ramr, 
strong,  big,  mighty. 

RAMMOCK,  v.— To  rush  about  violently. 

Iwean't  hev  them  thearepups  rammockin' aibootupo'  my  clean  kitchen 
floor,  soa  that's  all  aboot  it. 

RAMP,  v. — (i)  To  move  about  violently.     Cf.  Notes  and  Queries 
7.S.,  vj.  6,  115,  275,  297,  413. 

(2)  To  grow  very  rapidly. 

Thease  few  warm  daays  hes  maade  th'  wheat  e1  them  two  foherteen 
aacres  ramp  awaay  finely. — -June  13,  1887. 

I  niver  seed  noht  rump  awaay  as  woodbine  duz  when  once  it  gets  a 
start. 

"  And  the  cow-boy  seeks  the  sedge, 
Ramping  in  the  woodland  edge." 

John  Clare,  Noon* 

RAMPAGING,  pres.  part. — Acting  violently  either  in  speech  or 
motion. 

Oor  Jim's  alus  rampaagin'  aboot  sum'ats. 

He's  rampagin  up  an'  down  wi'  his  gret  horsewhip  i'  his  hand." — Ralf 
Skirlaugh,  i.,  187. 


430  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

RAMPER. — (i)  The  Ermine  Street,  the  Roman  way  leading 
from  Lindum,  Lincoln,  to  Ad  Ahum,  Winteringham. 

(2)  Sometimes,  though  not  commonly,  other  old  roads  which 
have   existed    time  out    of    mind,   are    called    vampers,    to 
distinguish  them  from  the  new  roads  made  by  enclosure 
commissioners. 

(3)  One  who  acts  violently  or  destructively. 

My  faather,  he  coonts  me  a  ramper  in  boots.  That  is  one  who  Wears 
them  out  very  fast. 

RAMPER,  v. — To  rush  about,  or  otherwise  act  violently. 

RAMPER-JACK. — Mud  scraped  off  roads.  Ramper -jack  was 
much  used  in  former  days,  and  is  still  occasionally  employed 
as  a  substitute  for  lime-mortar,  in  building  stone  walls. 
See  above. 

When  I  laaid  oot  my  gardin  I  maade  a  bank  upo'theno'th  side  agean 
th'  wall  o'  ramper-jack ;  I  thoht  it  wo'd  be  fine  mella'  stuff,  bud  blaame 
it,  it  was  that  poor  noht  wo'd  graw  e'  it. — Bottesford,  1882. 

RAMP  UP,  v.— To  heap  up. 

John  Roberts  hes  vamped  up  th'  road-muck  o1  boath  sides  th'  narra' 
laane  gooin'  to  As'by,  so  as  its  umpossible  for  two  things  to  pass  in  it. 

(2)  To  grow  rapidly  as  climbing  plants  do. 

Them  'sturshuns  hes  ramp'd  up  sin'  I  was  here  last. 

(3)  To  grow,  said  of  children  who  grow  fast. 

That  lad  o1  your's  ramps  up  finely,  he'll  be  a  man  afoore  you  knaw 
wheare  you  are. 

RAMSHACKLE.— A  wild,  worthless  fellow. 
He  was  alus  a  real  ramshackle. 

RAMSHACKLE,  adj.— (i)  Wild;  disorderly. 

"  What  ramshackle  wark  ha'  ye  been  after." — Ralph  Skirlaugh,  ii.,  121. 

(2)  A  building  or  article  of  furniture  much  out  of  repair  is 
said  to  be  in  a  "  straange  ramshackle  staate.'' 

RAN-DAN. — A  loud  and  discordant  noise. 

Sum  foaks  says  she  plaays  the  pianna'  well,  bud  I  call  th'  noise  she 
maks  a  real  ran-dan. 

RAN-DAN,  adj.— Idle,  disorderly. 

I  weant  hev  sich  van-dan  wark  e'  my  hoose,  so  noo  then. 

RAN-DAN,  v.— To  ride  the  stang  (q.v.) 

RANDOM-WALLING.— Building  without  arranging  the 
stones  in  courses. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  431 

RANDY. — An  orgie  ;  a  drinking  bout ;  a  revel. 

We'd  a  reg'lar  randy  last  neet.' 

Bill's  upo'  th'  randy  to-daay. 

What,  you've  been  hevin*  a  small-beer  randy,  hev  you  ? 

"  Ey,  lad,  thoo  should  ha'  sean  Redburn-Randy !  We  hevn't  noa 
such  gooin's  on  noo-a-daays ;  bud  laws,  I  of'ens  wish  'at  ohd  times  was 
back.— G.  T.,  1884. 

Cf.  Randies,  "  Itinerant  Beggars  and  Ballad-singers."—  West  Riding 
of  Yorks.  Gloss.,  E.D.S.  B.  vij. 

RANDY. — Wild,  mischievous  ;  given  to  drink. 

Nelson  was  a  randy  chap  when  he  was  yung,  but  he's  a  loocal- 
preacher  noo. 

RANDY1NG,  adj.— Brawling,  drinking. 

"  I  never  get  in  his  way,  barrin'  it  be  an  odd  time  by  chance,  when  I 
fetch  him  hoome  fra'  that  big  hoose  yonder,  after  he's  been  randyin1 
ower  long." — Ralf  Skirlaugh,  iij:,  62. 

RANGELING    (rainj-ling). — The  promontory  pains  of  child- 
birth. 

RANK,  adj. — (i)  Strong  smelling. 

(2)  Growing  too  luxuriantly. 

That  wheat  i'  th'  middle  Naathan  Land  's  oher  rank  by  hauf.  It'll 
all  be  laaid  afoore  harvist. — Bottesford,  June,  1888. 

(3)  Expressive  of  religious  or  political  hatred. 

A  rank  Papist,  a  rank  Calvinist,  a  rank  Methodist,  a  rank  Tory,  a 
rank  Radical. 

(4)  Ardently  desirous. 

I  was  rank  to  goa  to  'Mericay  when  I  was  a  gell. 

RANNING.— A  scolding. 

"  Oh,  miss,  you  mun  give  him  a  good  rannin'." —  Willoiiyhton. 
RANNISH,  adj.— Rash,  violent. 
RANTER.— A  Primitive  Methodist. 

RANTY.— (i)  Excited,  impatient. 

"  Noa,  miss,  I  can't  remember  King  George  jewbilee,  bud  I  mind 
th1  daay  'at  thaay  leeted  up  toon  fer  Waterloo  well  enif.  Me  an'  my 
sister  was  that  ranty  oher  it,  ther'  wasn't  noa  keapin'  on  us  quiet. — 
H.  T.  Bottesford,  June  10,  1887. 

(2)  Under  sexual  excitement. 

RAP  AND  REAR,  phr. — To  gather  together  by  any  means. 

He's  sell'd  all  he  can  rap  and  rear  an'  slotted  off  to  Canada.  [See 
Rap,  Atkinson's  Cleveland  Glossary']. 

RAP  OUT,  v. — To  swear  ;  to  use  bad  language, 


482  MANLEY  AND  CORRlNGHAM  WORDS. 

RAPSCALLION.— A  scamp. 

RARE,  adj.  adv.-(i)  Very  good. 

Scotter's  a  rare  plaace  for  carrots  ;  I've  knawn  a  man  sell  one  crop 
for  as  much  as  th'  land  was  wo'th. — 1881. 

(2)  Very  extremely. 

When  I  was  a  bairn  I  was  rare  an'  fond  o'  S     .     ,     .     bud  I  doant 
think  much  to  her  noo. — Nov.,  1886. 

RARELY,  adv.— Well,  excellently. 

RASH,  adj. — Corn  is  said  to  be  rash  when  it  comes  out  of  the 
husk  very  easily. 

RASHEN,  v. —  (i)  To  dry  ;  to  become  ripe. 
The  wheat  rashens  fast. 

(2)  To  air  or  dry  clothes  after  they  have  been  mangled. 

RASPER. — Something  very  extraordinary. 
Well,  this  is  a  rasper. 

RASPS,  s.  ^.—Raspberries. 
RAT,  v.— To  catch  rats. 

RATCH,  RETCH,  i.e.  reach,  (i)  A  definite  piece  of  earth-work 
set  out  to  be  done,  or  let  to  a  gang  of  bankers. 

(2)  A  long  straight  course  in  a  river. 

RATCH,  RAX,  v.— (i)  To  stretch. 

I  shall  hev  to  get  thease  here  boots  ratch'd;  thaay  nip  sorely. 
(2)  To  exaggerate. 

He  duz  n't  lee,  bud  he  ratches  a  bit. 

You  mun  remember,  bairns,  that  ratchin's  just  for  all  th'  warld  th' 
saame  thing  as  leein*.     Oht  that  sucks  onybody  in  is  a  lee. 

RATCHET,  v.— To  tear. 

Thoo'll  be  ratchetin'  thy  cloas  if  ta  duz  n't  cum  off  fra  that  stick-hill. 

RATCH-MONEY.— When  bankers  (q.v.)  took  a  drain  to  cut,  or 
other  work  to  do,  they  used  to  receive  from  their  employer  so 
much  a  day  during  the  time  the  work  was  going  on,  when 
it  was  finished  the  sum  that  remained  was  handed  over  to 
them.  This  was  called  vatch-money.  It  was  usually  put  into 
the  hands  of  some  publican  and  reserved  for  drink. —  W.  M., 
Messingham,  August  27,  1877. 

RATCHY,  adj. — Said  by  shoemakers  of  leather  that  stretches. 

RATE,  RET,  v.— (i)  To  soak  hemp  or  flax  in  water,  for  the 
purpose  of  disengaging  the  fibre, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  433 

"Frodingham  .  ;  .  of  Roberte  Westabie,  for  rateing  hempe  in 
Skinner  Beck,  contrairie  to  paine." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Fine  Roll,  1630. 

(2)  Hay  or  clover  is  said  to  be  rated  when,  by  exposure  to  rain, 
it  has  become  well-nigh  worthless  for  fodder. 

RATE,  v.~ (i)  To  scold  ;  to  revile;  to  rail  at. 

He  alus  rotates  his  sarvants  when  oht  mak's  him  mad  when  he's  been 
fra  hoam. 

"  So- the  Shepheard  sets  his  dog  vpon  his  sheep  to  bring  them  in,  but 
when  they  are  brought  in  he  rates  his  dog."— John  Preston,  The  New 
Covenant,  or  the  Saint's  Portion,  130,  p.  124. 

(2)  To  impose  a  rate. 

"You  commissioners  (of  sewers)  alus  mateoor parish,  an'  you've niver 
dun  usony  good,  ony  one  on  ye  iver  sin'  you've  been  born."— -Laugh ton, 
1879.  - 

RATE  PIT. — A  pit  in  which  hemp  or  flax  was  'rated.'     Traces 
;  of  these  pits  are  to  be  seen  at  Bottesford,  Holme,  and  many 
other  places. 

"  Ricardus  Home  dimisit  vnum  le  ratepitt  vxori  Parkin  .contra  penam 
inde  positam." — Bottesford  Manor  Records,  1571. 

RATHERLY,  RATHERLINS,  adv.— Rather. 

I'd  raatherly  bury  all  my  bairns  then  thaay  should  live  to  graw  up 
drunken  shackbags  like  him. 

I  will  if  ta  likes,  but  I'd  raatherlins  not.     See  NIPPED. 

RATIFY,  v. — To  scold  ;  to  use  clamorous  vituperation. 

She's  a  straange  still  body;  you  weant  hear  noa  rdtifyin'  wheare 
she  is. 

RATTING.  —Rat  catching. 

When  I  was  a  bairn  ther'  was  noht  e'  th'  warld  I  took  delight  in  like 
rattin' :  an"  to  tell  you  the  solid  trewth  I'm  a  bit  partial  to  it  yit. 

I  alust  thoht  e'  my  awn  mind  like  as  that  poor  lass  wod  goa  wrong. 
I 'stead  o  larnin'  what  belonged  to  women's  wark  she  was  oot  wi'  th' 
lads'  daa,y  oot  an'  daay  in,  raftin',  an'  efter  sich  like  kelter. 

RATTLE-JACK. — A    plant,    Rhinanthus    Cristagalli ;    also    in 
some  parts  called  cock's-comb,  and  yellow-rattle. 

"  When  the  fruit  is  ripe  the  seeds  rattle  in  the  husky  capsule." — 
Flowers  of  the  Field,  by  C.  A.  Johns,  466. 

RATTLE-TRAPS.— (i)  A  talkative  person. 
(2)  Worthless  lumber. 

RATTLING. — Great ;  large  ;  extreme  ;  good. 

Yohs  an'  lambs  maade  a  rattlin'  price  at  th'  Ranthrup  saale. 
That  was  a  rattlin'  good  sarmon  he  preached  last  Sunda1. 
If  this  fine  weather  ho'ds  ther'  11  be  sum  rattlin'  wheat  doon  by  th' 
Trent-side. — July,  1887. 


484  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

RATTON. — A   form  which  the  surname  Drayton    commonly 
assumes  in  popular  speech. 

RAVE,  v. — {i)  To  make  a  loud  noise  ;  to  cause  uproar. 

He's  alus  raavin'  an'  tearin'  aboot  sum'ats. 
(2)  To  rout  out ;  to  disturb. 

I  did  n't  knaw  ther'  was  ony  sacrament  o'  Sunda'  mornin'  as  th1 
parson  was  fra  hoiime ;  soa  I  thoht  ther'  was  no  ewse  gettin'  up  raavin' 
when  I  did  n't  want. 

RAVE  UP.— To  take  up  ;  to  pull  up. 

We  mun  hev'  them  suffs  e'  th'  Herse-Cloas  raavd  up ;  thaay  doan't 
utter  noa  watter,  raain  as  it  maay. 

(2)  To  repeat  evil  stories  relating  to  by-past  time. 

RAW.— A  row. 

The  mice  hes  run'd  along  th1  pey  raws  an'  gotten  iv'ry  blessid  pey. 
She  lives  in  Drewry's  Raw  at  As'by. 

RAW,  adj. — (i)  Uncooked,  unboiled. 

"  Ther's  sum  foa'ks  can't  drink  milk  that's  not  boil'd,  but  I  like  it  raw 
my  sen  best."—Bottesford,  April  u,  1882. 

(2)  Cold,  uncongenial. 

We've  hed  a  raw  spring,  but  it's  a  real  growin' Jewne. — June  15,  1887. 

RAW,  v. — (i)  To  sow  or  plant  in  rows. 

"  A  deal  o'foaks  raws  the'r  to'nups  noo  ;  when  I  was  a  bairn  thaay  was 
alust  sawn  broadcast.1' — R.  T.  Yaddlethorpe^  1879. 

(2)  To  come  up  in  rows. 

Oor  carrots  raws  nistly  ;  one  can  see  'em  noo  all  th'  len'th  o'  th' 
peace,  bud  th'  soft  fella'  as  drill'd  'em  did  n't  put  hairf  enif  seed  on  th' 
Beck-side.—  Bottesford,  July,  1888. 

"  There's  ae  thing  I  had  'maist  forgot, 

Perhaps  there  may  be  twa,  Gordie  ; 
Indite  us  back  when  ye  gang  hame, 
How  they  received  ye  a',  Gordie. 
And  tell  us  how  the  lang  kail  thrive, 
And  how  the  turnips  raw,  Gordie, 
And  how  the  seybos  and  the  leeks 

Are  braidin'  through  the  snaw,  Gordie." 

Up  and  Run  Awa,  Gordie,  in  the 
Scots'  Mag.,  1882  ;  461. 

RAW-HEAD.  -A  ghost  or  spirit  that  haunts  wells. 

RAWM,    v. — (i)    To  push  about  violently.     Cf.   Icel.   Ramba, 
to  rock  a  chair,  &c.     Dan.     Ramme,  to  ram,  to  thrust. 

(2)  To  make  a  loud  noise.     Cf.  A.  S.  Hryman,  to  cry  aloud. 

"This  judge  (Jefferies)  is  reckon'd  to  be  a  very  impudent,  rawming, 
conceited  fellow." — Diary  of  Abraham  de  la  Pryme  (Surtees  Soc.),  9 


MAN  LEY   AND    CORKING  HAM    WORDS.  485 

RAX.— See  RATCH. 

REACH. — (i)  A  reach  of  meadow  is  a  stretch  of  meadow  land. 

(2)  Also  the  right  of  cutting  a  certain   quantity  of  grass  in  a 
meadow. 

REACH,  v. — To  retch  ;  to  strive  to  vomit. 

REACH  TO,  imp.  mood.— Help  yourself. 

Noo,  then,  doan't  be  on  yer  manners  bud  reach  to.  [In  Shropshire  I 
have  heard  "  catch  hold,"  meaning  help  yourself. —  W.W.S.] 

READ,  v. — To  understand  character  or  motives. 

His  muther  duz  n't  knaw  what  he's  maade  on,  bud  I  can  redd  him 
strlght  off  to  be  noht  bud  an  idled  leein'  good-for-noht. — Jan.  17,  1881. 

He's  nobbud  just  been  fun  oot,  bud  ther's  been  them  as  could  read 
him  well  eniff  ony  time  thease  tho'ty  year. 

REAL,   VERY.— As    "real  fine,"    very  fine;    "real  raainy," 
very  rainy;  "  a  real  shaame,"  a  great  shame. 

A  boy  recently  gave  it  as  his  reason  for  being  good,  that  "  My  daddy 
says  we  moan't  be  naughty  'cos  ther's  a  real  hot  fire  gettin' ready  for 
us,  an1  a  big  smell  o'  matches." 

REANS,  s.  //.—Reins. 

REAPER. — A  reaping  machine. 

Reapers  duz  very  well  for  corn,  bud  I  think  noht  on  'em  fer  haay ; 
thaay  niver  cuts  grass  clean  by  grund. 

REAPER,  v. — To  cut  with  a  reaping  machine. 
I  alus  reaper  mysen  e'  harvist-time. 

"  I  doant  think  much  on  a  man  that  can't  reaper  foherteen  or  fifteen 
aacre  a  daay." — W.  S.,  Bottesford  Moors,  Sept.,  1886. 

REAP  UP,  v.—(i)  To  spread  evil  reports. 

He's  alus  rea'pin'  up  sum'ats  foul  aboot  sumbody. 
(2)  To  recount  long-past  grievances  or  scandals. 

He  rept  up  things  that  was  past  an'  dun  wi'  afoore  thoo  an'  me  was 
born. 

REAR,  adj. — Half  cooked,  said  of  meat. 
This  meat's  so  rear,  I  can't  eat  noan  on  it. 

REAST,  v.— To  wrest. 

Redst  oppen  that  door,  th'  lock's  brokken. 

REASTY,  adj.— (i)  Restive. 

"To  be  plain  wi'  ye,  our  powny  reists  a  bit." — The  Antiquary, 
chap.  xv. 

(2)  Said  of  bacon  when  it  becomes  yellow  or  brown  in  colour 
and  acquires  a  peculiar  flavour. 


436  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

RECKIN'-HOOK.— The  recking-hook  ;  the -hook  which  hangs 
in  the  reeks ;  the  hook  by  which  a  pot  is  suspended  over 
a  fire. 

RECKLIN'.— (i)  The  smallest  pig  in  a  litter  ;  one  that  has  riot 
a  pap  from  which  to  suck. 

(2)  The  smallest  chicken  in  a  cletch. 

(3)  The  youngest  child  of  a  family. 

(4)  Anything  weak,  sickly,  or  deformed. 

RECKON,  v.— (i)  To  determine  ;  to  intend. 

I  reckon  I  shall  hev  to  goa  to  London  aboot  this  here  business  afoore 
Jewly's  oot, — Juno  15,  1887. 

(2)  To  suppose. 

I  reckon  ther'  '11  be  foher  or  five  on  !em  'e  'Mericay,  bud  I'm  not 
clear  sewer. 

RECKON  UP,  v.— (i)  To  estimate  the  value  or  number  of 
anything. 

I've  reckon'd  them  taaties  iip,  an'  I  underfind  ther's  been  better  then 
sixty  seeks  an  aacre. — Bottesford,  1887. 

What  wi'  one  thing  an'  anuther,  I  reckon  it  up  it  cums  to  a  hund'rd 
pund. 

I've  reckon'd  him  up  a  long  while  sin',  an1  fun  noht  to  speak  on  when 
I'd  dun. 

(2)  To  recognize. 

I  could  not  reckon  him  up  at  fo'st,  but  when  he  com  gaain-hand  I  knew 
him. 

REDCAP.— The  goldfinch;  carduelis  elegans. 

RED  LANE.— The  interior  of  the  throat. 

"But  see!  the  Gin! — Come,  come,  thou  cordia  drop! 
Thou  sovereign  balsam  to  my  longing  heart ! 
Thou  husband!  children!  all! — We  must  not  part! 
[Drinks]  Delicious ! — O ! — Down  the  red  lane  it  goes : 
Now  I'm  a  queen,  and  trample  on  my  woes. 
Inspired  by  Gin  I'm  ready  for  the  road ; 
Could  shoot  my  man,  or  fire  the  king's  abode. 
Ha!  my  brain's  cracked — The  room  turns  round  &  found. 
Down  drop  the  platters,  pans — I'm  on  the  ground  ; 
My  tatter'd  gown  slips  from  me— what  care  I  ? 
I  was  born  naked,  and  I'll  naked  die." 

Verses  in  The  Lincoln  Pier  aid,  July  15,  1831. 

RED  PORT. — The  generation  which  is  passing  away,  and  their 
predecessors,  always  spoke  of  port  wine  as  red  port. 

"One  pipe  of  red  port  for  mansion  house  vault." — Corporation  Records , 
1803,  in  Tomlinson's  Doncaster,  256* 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  487 

RED  SEA. — Anywhere  a  great  way  off;  used  as  an  evil  wish. 
Probably  an  unconscious  allusion  to  Tobias,  viii.,  3. 

I  wish  her  an'  ajl  her  belongin's  was  at  th'  boddom  o'  th'  Red  Sea. 

RED  SHANK. — Polygonum  Per sicaria,  Poly gonum  Aviculare,  and 
allied  plants. 

RED  WATER.— A  disease  in  sheep.  See  Arth.  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  376.  A.  Hunter,  Georgical  Essays,  1803,  iv.,  257. 
Leonard  Towne,  Farmer  and  Grazier's  Guide,  1816,  21. 
Communications  to  the  Board  of  Agriculture,  1819,  245. 

REEF. — A  sore  in  the  head. 

REEK. — (i)  A  cock  of  hay  ;  a  rick  (obsolete). 

"  Tresseman  londe  .  .  .  the  tenantes  were  to  keepe  prisoners  in 
the  stockes  to  gather  rodds  for  herdells  for  the  Lords  fold,  and  to  make 
the  Lordes  hay  in  a  reehe." — Norden's  Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in- 
Lindsey,  1616,  p.  9. 

(2)  Smoke. 

(3)  The  steam  which  proceeds  from  a  brew-house  or  from  a 
newly-turned  manure  hill. 

(4)  A  very  dense  fog. 

REEK,  v. — (i)  To  smoke. 

(2)  When  fog  arises  the  land  is  said  to  reek. 

REEK-PENNIES,  s.  pi,— A  small  tax  paid  to  the  rector  or 
vicar  on  all  chimnies  that  had  fires  in  them  (obsolete). 

REEL. — A  spool ;  a  bobbin. 
REFFATORY  (ref-atun),  ^'.—Refractory. 

REFFUGES,  s.  pl.—(i)  Refuse,  commonly  used  of  corn  and 
potatoes. 

I'll  send  you  sum  refuges  for  your  hens. — Amcotts,  1877. 
I've  sell'd  all  th'  ware,  and  th'  seed,  bud  I've  a  few  refuges  left  as  '11 
do  for  th'  pigs. 

(2)  Inferior   persons,   socially,  intellectually,  or   morally ;    a 
term  of  jocose  abuse. 

.  All  them  that's  wo'th  oht's  pink,  it's  nobbut  th'  reffuges  an1  th'  Irish 
that's  blew  this  time. — General  Election,  1886. 

REFUSAL. — The  chance  of  refusing. 

I  hev  n't  sell'd  my  hogs  yit,  but  John  Leigh  hes  gotten  th'  refusal  on 
'em. — May,  1887. 
K 


438  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

REGISTER.—  A  registrar. 

"  It  was  provided  by  a  statute  of  the  Commonwealth,  anno  1653, 
chap,  vi.,  that  the  parochial  registers  were  to  be  kept  by  a  person 
chosen  by  the  parish  and  approved  by  a  justice  of  peace,  and  it  was 
enacted  that  'the  person  so  elected,  approved,  and  sworn  shall  be 
called  the  Parish  Register.1  "  —  Scobell's  Acts  and  Ordinances,  ii.,  237. 


.  May  the  ,5th.  z654. 

11  William  Collison,  of  Northropp,  being  chosen  by  ye  inhabitants 
of  ye  said  towne  to  be  their  parish  Register^,  to_  enter  all  Marriages, 
Births,  and  Buriales  that  shall  happen  in  their  said  towne  according  to 
ye  Act  of  Parliament  in  that  case  prouided,  was  sworne  and  approued 
by  me  whose  hand  is  here  vnder  subscribed,  being  Justice  of  Peace  for 
ye  parts  afore  said."  —  Chris.  Wray,  Northorpe  Par.  Reg. 

In  Archaologia,  j.,  x.,  1770,  we  are  told  that  William  Hakewill  was 
Register  to  the  Society. 

The  registrar  of  births,  deaths,  and  marriages  is  always  spoken  of  as 
the  register. 

REGULAR.—  Fully,  entirely. 

He  was  regular  black  an'  blew  wi1  feightin". 
It's  a  regular  shaame. 

REGULAR  PREACHER.—  A  travelling  preacher  among  the 
Wesleyans  or  Primitive  Methodists. 

REIGHT  (rait).—  A  common  right. 
REIGHT,  adj.—  Right. 

REIGHT,  v.  —  To  put  right  ;  to  put  in  order. 

We  mun  hev  them  suffs  reighted  e'  th'  Craw-Trea  cloas,  or  it's  to  noa 
ewse  sawin'  noa  wheat.  —  September  10,  1884. 

REIGHT  AWAAYS,  adv.—  (i)  All  the  way. 

I  went  with  him  reight  awaays  theare. 
(2)  Quickly. 

Thoo  mun  go  reight  awaays,  not  stop  a  minnit. 

REIGHT-END-FO'ST.—  That  is,  right  end  first.  In  the  direct 
or  proper  manner. 

He  niver  starts  o'  oht  reight-end-fo'st. 

REIGHTLE,  REIGHTLE  UP  (rait-1),  v.—  To  put  right;  to 
put  in  order. 

It's  very  good  to  sea  as  oor  Sarah  Ann  isn't  well.  When  she  is,  she's 
alust  aither  reightlin'  her  hair  or  singin'  hymns. 

Ther'  was  an  ohd  man  as  hed  been  clerk  an'  saxton  at  Rudstone,  e' 
th'  East  Ridin'  o'  Yerksheer  fer  moore  then  fo'ty  year,  an'  when  he 
was  a  gooin'  to  dee  he  says,  says  he  :  "  Whativer  you  do,  you  mun  bury 
me  upo'  th'  no'th  side  o'  th'  chechyard."  His  "lations  were  all  on  em 
setten  agean  this,  bud  he  was  n't  to  be  to'n'd.  "  I've  alust  been  of  a 
very  accommodaatin'  soort,"  says  he,  "  an'  I've  been  clerk  an'  saxton 
here  for  a  straange  while,  an'  knaw  what'n  a  plaace  Rudstone  chechyard 
is  fer  boans.  Th'  Loord  '11  hev  plenty  to  do  at  th'  last  daay  wi'  reightlin' 
uther  foiiks's  boans  wi'  oot  been  bothered  wi'  mine  an'  all." 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  489 

"  I  doan't  knaw  how  them  foaks  duz  what  reightles  the'r  hair  ivery 
mornin'.  I  nobbut  coambmine  oot  o'  th'Setterda'  neet  afoore  th'  feast, 
an'  it  is  a  job,  you  ma'  depend." — Messingham,  1865. 

REIGHTLIN-COMB  (raiHin-koam).— A  comb  for  dressing 
the  hair. 

Sir  Robert  Steward,  Mr.  Barker,  once  shaw'd  me  th'  plan  o'  his 
Butterwick  land.  It's  omust  all  e'  long  narra'  skreeds  mix'd  up  wi' 
other  foaks's  an' looks  for  all  th'  warld  like  th'  teeth  o'  areightlin-codmb. — 
Barton-upon-Stather,  1855. 

That  skreed  o'  trees  atween  Messingham  an'  Manton  lordships  looks 
e'  winter,  when  the  leaves  is  off,  for  all  th'  warld  like  a  reighthn'-codmb. 

"  I  once  fun  upo'  th'  top  o'  th'  Holme  lordship  a  big  broon  pot,  as  I 
was  diggin'  for  rabbits,  bud  when  I  oppened  it  ther'  was  noht  at  all  i'side 
but  white  ashes,  an'  a  peace  o'  anohd  retgfytlin-coamb." — John  Marcham, 
Bottesford,  1850. 

REIGHTLY.— Certainly  ;  exactly. 

I  doan't  knaw  nightly  wheare  it  is,  bud  I  could  soon  find  it  if  I  was  to 
start  lookin'. 

REIGHT  OFF.— Immediately. 

He  sell'd  up  reight  off  an'  went  to  New  Zealand. 

REIGHT-ON-END.— Upright. 

Them  wadsticks  is  stan'in'  reight-on-end  far  side  th'  Irish  hoale. 

REIGHT-SHARP.— Quite  sane. 

If  thoo  goas  on  e'  that  how,  foaks  '11  think  thoo  arn't  night-sharp. 
If  you  will  ewse   envelopes  wi'  picturs  on  'em  like  them,  when  thoo 
writes  to  foaks,  thaay'll  be  thinkin'  thoo  arn't  reight  sharp. 

REIGHT-UP.— To  put  in  order;  to  make  tidy. 

Kinsley's  reightin'-up  th'  buildings  at  the  Warp.  He's  seven  pund  for 
th' job. 

We  alus  reight  things  up  afoore  th'  feast. 

REIGHT  UP  AND  DOWN.— Open  ;  candid. 

He's  a  reight  up  an'  doon  soort  on  a  man  wi'  no  screws  aboot  him. 

REMBLE,  REM'LE,  v.— To  remove.  Cf.  Swed.  rymma,  to 
remove,  clear;  lit.  to  make  room.  The  word  is  connected 
with  our  room,  not  with  the  Lat.  removcre. — W.W.S. 

"Rembling  and  raving, 
Tewing  and  taving, 
Noising  and  clatting, 
Rightling  and  scratting." 

May  in  Lincolnshire,  in  Once  a  Week, 

June  8,  1872. 
"A  niver  rembles  the  stoans." 

Tennyson,  Northern  Farmer,  xv. 

REM'DY.— Remedy. 


440  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

REMEMBER,  REMEMBER  ON.— To  remind. 

Remember  me  to  tell  Shelton  we  shall  soon  hev  no  herse  corn. 
You  mun  remember  me  on  to  get  sum  on  them  big  matches  when  I  goas 
to  Brigg,  or  we  shall  run  oot. 

RENCH,  v.— To  rinse. 

"  And  like  a  glasse 
Did  break  i'  th'  wrenching." 

Henry  VI II.,  Act  i.,  sc.  i.  (first  folio). 

RENDER,  v.— (i)  To  melt. 

(2)  To  extract  lard  from  pigs'  fat  by  boiling.     See  CRAPS. 

REPITERRY,  ^/.—Peremptory. 

Tax-getherer's  is  straange  npiterry  soort  o'  foaks. 

RESEMBLE,  v.— To  compare. 

He  resembled  him  to  iv'ry  foul  thing  he  could  laay  his  tung  to 

RESOLUTE,  adj.— (i)  Obstinate. 

Dick's  that  resolute,  th'  school-maaister  can't  larn  him  noht. 

(2)  Restive;  said  of  horses. 

Th'  ohd  hoss  is  very  resolute. — Messingham,  September  22,  1848. 

RESPE,  RESPER.— A  disease  in  oxen  and  sheep. 

14  Therespe  has  also  made  considerable  ravages." — Arth.  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  376. 

REST,  v.— To  sleep. 

I  could  do  middlin'  o'  daays  if  I  could  nobbud  get  rest  at  neets,  bud  I 
can't  wi'oot  takkin'  sleepin'  stuff,  an'  then  I'm  fit  for  noht  at  all  when 
I'm  wakken. — October,  1887. 

REST-HARROW,  HARROW  -  REST.— A  plant,  Ononis 
arvensis. 

RETCH  (rech),  v.— To  reach. 

Retch  me  yon  ferk,  will  ta  ? 

RETIRE. — Retired  from  business. 

He's  a  gentleman  noo,  he  lives  retire. 

RETURNS,  s.pl.-(i)  Inferior  flour. 
(2)  A  kind  of  tobacco. 

REVEREND.—"  The  Reverend,"  or  "  our  Reverend,"  are 
common  terms  used  in  speaking  of  the  parish  clergyman. 
See  Rev.  R.  E.  G.  Cole,  Gloss,  of  S.W.  Line.  (E.D.S.), 
sub  voc. 

RIBBON -GRASS. — (i)  Ph-alaris  amndinacea  or  any  other 
variegated  grass  that  grows  in  gardens. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  441 

"With  marjoram  knots,  sweet-brier,  and  ribbon-grass, 
And  lavender,  the  choice  of  ev'ry  lass." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  58. 

(2)  Sword-grass,  or  any  other  plant  with  a  ribbon-like  leaf. 

RIBBON -TREE. — The  birch;  so  called  because  the  bark  of 
the  young  trees  can  be  pulled  off  in  long  ribbon-like  strips. 

RICKLIN'.— See  RECKLIN. 

RID.— Rode. 

Him  an'  me  hes  ofens  rid  along  this  here  bit  o'  road  together,  bud 
all  that  's  dun  \\i'  noo,  poor  lad. 

RIDDING. — A  division  of  land,  sometimes  meaning   a  third 
part,  at  others  a  clearing  (obsolete). 

"  Ye  midle  Hddinges  butting  upon  Robt.  Beck." — Ashby  Schedule,  1606- 

RIDE. — A  bridle-road  through  a  wood  or  plantation. 

RIDE,  r. — The  surveyor  of  the  Court  of  Sewers  is  said  to  ride 
the  drains  when  he  goes  to  inspect  them. 

RIDE  AND  TIE.— Alternate   walking  and  riding,  when  two 
travellers  have  but  one  horse  between  them. 

RIDICULE,  RIDICULE-BASKET.— A  reticule. 

RIFF-RAFF.— (i)  The  rabble. 

"  The  filthy  riff -raff  of  the  port, 
Mingled  with  those  of  better  sort ; 
Women,  who  gaze  with  silly  stare, 
While  infants  in  their  arms  they  bear  ; 
Unconscious  brats,  whose  gloating  lust 
Is  fix'd  upon  a  mumbled  crust, 
That,  deviously  d.rected,  comes 
At  times  in  contact  with  their  gums." 

Leaving  Port,  in  Blackwood's  Magazine,  1823, 

vol.  xiv.,  p.  530. 
(2)  Rubbish;  trash. 

Thraw  that  riff-raff  i'to  th'  fire. 

RIFT,  sb.  and  v.— Belch. 

That  was  a  rare  glass  o'  gin  you  gev  me,  it  maade  me  rift  like  a  volcanic. 
"Vox  agro  Line,  usitatissima  pro  ructare." — Skinner,  Etymologicon , 
sub  voc. 

RIG. — (i)  A  ridge;  hence,  house-rig,  plough-rig,  rig-tile,  &c. 

We  was  scar'd  'at  sum  on  flaakes  o'  stroa  wo'd  fall  e'to  th'  crew-yard 
when  th'  oat  stack  was  bo'nin',  bud  th1  wind  niver  got  it  carried  oher 
the  barn-ng'. — Bottesford,  May  16,  1887. 

"It  was  white  oher,  was  tiles  upo'  my  rig,"  said  by  a  person  who  was 
speaking  of  snow  in  September. 

"  The  sparrow  on  the  cottage  rig." 

John  Clare,  Autumn,  in  Life  and  Retrains,  215. 


442  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

"  The  houses  grown  up  as  if  they  were  sown  in  the  seed-time  with 
the  corn,  by  a  drill  machine,  or  dibbled  in  rigs  and  furrows  like  beans 
and  potatoes." — The  Ayrshire  Legatees  in  Blackwood's  Mag.,  1820, 
vol.  vii.,  p.  265. 

(2)  The  back  of  a  human  being  or  other  animal. 

I  slipped  upo'  th'  ice  an'  fell  flat  o1  my  rig. 

(3)  A  monorchidous  horse  or  sheep. 

RIG-BAULK,  RIG-TREE.— The  piece  of  wood  which  runs 
along  the  roof  just  beneath  the  ridge. 

RIGHT  YE,  RIGHT  THEE.— Said  to  cows  to  induce  them 
to  stand  in  a  convenient  position  for  milking. 

Ray's  North  Country  Words,  1691,  has  "  Rynt  ye,  by  your  leave,  stand 
handsomely  as  '  Rynt  you,  witch,  quoth  Besse  Locket  to  her  mother.' 
Proverb  Cheshire  and  the  list  of  Yorkshire  words.  Thoresby's 
Letter  to  Ray,  1703,  contains  '  Ryndta,  used  to  cows  to  make  them  give 
way,  and  stand  in  their  stalls  or  booyses." — Eng.  Dialect  Soc.,  No.  6. 
pp.  61,  105.  Some  persons  have  seen  a  connection  between  these  and 
the  word  Aroint  twice  used  by  Shakspere ;  Macbeth,  Act  i.,  sc.  3,  1.  6. 
King  Lear,  Act  iii.,  sc.  4,  1.  129.  The  identification  seems  fanciful. 
See  Murray's  Diet.,  Aroint. 

RIGS,  TO  RUN,  v. — (i)  To  play  mischievous  tricks. 

(2)  To  ridicule. 

I  knaw  I  did  it,  bud  doant  thoo  run  noan  o'  thy  rigs  upo'  me. 

RIGWELT,  v.—  To  flog. 
RIGWELTING.— A  flogging. 

RIG-WELTED. — (i)   Overthrown  ;  applied  to  a  sheep  which 
is  helplessly  lying  on  its  back. 

Ther's  anuther  sheap  dead  this  mornin'  thriff  bein'  rig-welted. 
(2)  A  person  is  said  to  be  "  rig-welted  in  bed  "  when  confined 
there  by  severe  illness. 

RIGGIN'.— The  ridge  of  a  building. 

That  theare  riggin'  upo'  th'  coo-hoose  is  perishin'  fast 

RILE,  v.' — To  vex. 

RIM. — The  hoop  of  a  tub  or  cask. 

RIME.— Hoar-frost. 


RIME-UP,  v.— To  increase. 
You  see  he  spent  noht,  a 
fast. 

RING. — A  circular  drive  or  walk. 


You  see  he  spent  noht,  an'  he'd  a  deal  cumin1  in;    soa  it  rimed-up 
fast. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  443 

RING,  v. — To  put  rings  in  the  noses  of  pigs.  The  perfect  is 
often  rung,  though  the  correct  form  ringed  is  also  in  use. 

"  No  swine  were  to  be  put  in  the  fens  unrung." — Document  of  1548 
quoted  in  Thompson's  Hist,  of  Boston,  1856.  643. 

"  Men  were  often  prosecuted  ....  for  keeping  unrung  pigs." — 
Walt.  Rye,  Hist,  of  Norfolk,  1885.  114. 

RING-FENCE. — A  farm  or  estate  is  said  to  be  in  a  ring-fence 
when  no  land  of  other  owners  lies  within  its  boundaries. 

RING  IN,  v. — (i)  To  ring  the  church  bells  when  a  bride  comes 
home. 

(2)  A  clergyman  is  said  to  "  ring  himself  in  "  when,  on  being 
inducted  to  a  living,  he  receives  the  church  key  from  the 
churchwardens,  and  rings  a  few  strokes  on  the  bell  as  an 
act  of  taking  possession  of  the  church. 

RING  OUT  OF  TOWN.— The  ringing  of  the  church  bells 
when  an  unpopular  person  is  leaving  a  village. 

"  When  ....  went  awaay  for  good  thaay  was  all  so  thankful 
that  thaay  rung  him  oot  o1  th'  toon." — Crowle,  February,  1887. 

RHINO,  READY  RHINO.— Money.  Probably  slang,  but  if 
so,  of  some  antiquity.  It  may  be  traced  back  here  for  at 
least  a  century. 

He'll  do  well  enough  while  th'  rhino  lasts. 

He's  married  a  gell  wi1  plenty  o'  ready  rhino,  an'  she's  not  foul  to  look 
at  naaither. 

RINKING. — Piercing  the  dewlap  of  young  cattle  for  the 
purpose  of  hindering  the  Blackleg  (q.v.) 

RIP,  v. — (i)  To  rage  ;  to  swear  ;  to  storm. 

He  ript  an'  swoore  aboon  a  bit,  all  aboot  noht. 
(2)  To  cut  or  tear  so  as  to  cause  a  sharp  noise. 

RIP  ALONG,  v.— To  work  with  energy. 

Noa  body  rips  along  wi'  wark  faster  then  L  .  .  .  when  once  he's 
gotten  started. 

RIPPER.— A  very  excellent  thing ;  anything  first  class. 
Well,  I  will  saay  that  mare  is  a  real  ripper. 

RIPPLING.— Removing  the  seed-vessels  of  flax  by  drawing 
the  stalks  through  an  iron  frame  like  a  comb. 

RIP-STICH.— Aboistrous  child  given  to  tearing  its  clothes,  and 
hence,  by  a  figure  of  speech,  a  wild  or  dissolute  person  is 
called  a  "  real  rip -stick. 

RIP-STICK. — A  "  strickel  "  for  sharpening  a  scythe, 


444  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

RIP  UP,  v.—(i)  To  unfasten  stitches. 

(2)  To  recount  long-past  grievances.     See  REAP  UP. 

RIPTORIOUS,  adj. — Uproarious  ;  refractory. 

RISE. — Sticks,  thorns,  brushwood  (obsolete),  A.S.  Am. 

A  correspondent  of  Notes  and  Queries  says  that  this  word  is  in 
common  use  in  Northumberland,  Durham,  and  Lancashire.  When  a 
fence  is  made  of  stakes  with  dead  thorns  twined  in,  it  is  there  called  a 
11  rice  hedge." — vj.  s.  iv.,  53. 

RISE,  v.— To  raise. 

Rise  it  up  a  bit,  will  you  ? 

RISE  A  PEG,  v. — To  improve  in  circumstances. 

"  Very  few,  if  any,  of  the  breeders  I  have  seen  in  this  county  seem, 
however,  to  be  sufficiently  impressed  with  the  idea  of  rising  a  peg." — 
Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  316. 

RISING  OF  THE  LIGHTS.— Hiccup  brought  on  by 
indigestion. 

RISS,  RIZ,  v.  per/.— Rose. 

"  Gainstrop  .  .  .  Tradition  says  that  that  town  was  .  .  . 
exceeding  infamous  for  robberys,  and  that  nobody  inhabited  there  but 
thieves ;  and  that  the  country  haveing  for  a  long  while  endur'd  all  their 
villanys,  they  at  last  .  .  .  riss,  and  with  one  consent,  pulld  the 
same  doun  about  their  ears." — Diary  of  Abraham  de  la  Pry  me,  1697, 
p.  128. 

I  doan't  think  much  o"  them ;  thaay  nobut  riss  fra  noht  an'  moastly 
by  mucky  actions. 

(2)  Risen,  used  of  dough. 

I'm  sewer  it  hed  viz  afoore  I  pot  it  i'  uven. 

(3)  Raised. 

I  riss  all  them  theare  treas  fra  nuts. 

RIT,  v. — To  trim  or  pare  the  edge  of  a  drain,  path,  &c.,  by 
means  of  a  ritter  or  ritting-hntfe.  [The  same  word  as  our 
write;  A.S.  writan,  to  cut.] 

RIVE,  v.,  RlV,pastpart.—To  split. 

RIVE-RAGS.— A  child  who  tears  its  clothes. 

That  gell's  a  reg'lar  rive-rags;  she  can't  cum  back  fra  school  but 
what  she's  sum'ats  torn. 

RIZZLE.— (i)  A  little  ridge. 

Ther's  a  rizzle  e'  th'  gress  shaws  wheare  th'  gardin-wall  ewsed  to  be. 
(2)  A  small  shelf. 

ROAD.— Way. 

Get  oot  o'  th'  road,  can't  you. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  445 

ROADING. — A  road,  commonly  used  for  a  private  road,  or,  if 
for  a  highway,  one  that  runs  across  enclosures  and  is  little  used 

ROADING. — Repairing  roads;  picking  in  the  ruts,  or  putting 
material  in  them. 

ROAD,  OUT  OF.— Expensive;  dear. 

I  would  hev  boht  his  wool,  but  he  ax'd  that  oot  o'  th'  road  for  it  that  I 
dars^i't  gie  him  a  bid. — June  16,  1887. 
Them  sheep  was  n't  oot  o'  th'  road  for  cost. 

ROAD,  TO  PUT  OUT  OF.— (i)  To  disappoint. 

He  was  rare  an'  putten  oot  o'  th'  road  when  th'  letter  wi'  th'  cheque  e'it 
did  n't  cum. 

(2)  To  trouble. 

Thoo's  as  much  putten  oot  o'  th'  road  wi'  that  one  bairn  o'  thine  as 
Jim  L  .  .  .  's  wife  was  when  she'd  twins  twice  within  a  twelvemunth. 

(3)  To  kill. 

We've  oher  many  cats ;  I  shall  hev  sum  on  'em  putten  oot  o'  th'  road. 

ROAK.— Fog;  mist. 

Ther's  a  heavy  rodk  cumin'  in  fra  th'  Hum'er. 
(2)  Smoke. 

What  a  rodk  yon  wick-heap  maks. 

ROAKY,  ROAPY.— Foggy ;  misty. 

ROARED,  ROARED  UP,  ROAPED  UP.— Heaped  up. 

He  gev  me  good  measure  rodked  up. 

ROALER. — A  garden  or  agricultural  roller. 
ROAN. — The  roe  of  a  fish.     Icel.  hrogn,  the  same. 
ROAPED  UP.— See  ROARED. 

ROAPY. — Foggy;  misty.   Isle  of  Ax  holme.    Perhaps  a  corruption 
of  ROAKY  (q.v.) 

ROARING.— Crying. 

ROAST-BEEF  CLOTHES.— The  best  clothes. 

ROBIN    HOOD'S   MEN,  ROBIN   HOOD'S  SHEEP.— See 
BRACKEN. 

ROBIN- RUN -NARED.  —  A    game     at    cards;     beggar-my- 
neighbour. 

ROCRMAJOCR.— A  kind  of  sweetmeat. 

"The  children  were  given  pence  to  buy  rockmajock,  gingerbread,  and 
nuts  at  the  stalls  which  stood  about  the  Cross-Tree. — John  Mackinnon, 
Ace.  of  Messinghamt  1825,  n. 


446  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

ROCK,  ROCK-STICK.— A  distaff. 
"  Thriff  a  rock,  thriff  a  reel, 
Thriff  an  ohd  woman's  spinnin'-wheel, 
Thriff  a  milner's  hopper, 
Thriff  a  bag  of  pepper, 
Thriff  an  ohd  mare's  shink-shank  boan, 
Such  an  a  riddle  I  hev  knawn." 
The  answer  is  a  worm. 

RODSTER. — An  angler. 

"  Yesterday  /ioo  in  money  and  130  other  valuable  prizes  were  given 
for  competition  among  the  anglers  of  England  in  the  Keadby  Canal, 
near  Crowl  Wharf,  Doncaster.  The  affair  was  under  control  of  the 
Sheffield  Amalgamated  Anglers'  Association,  and  there  were  close 
upon  500  competitors,  who  included  in  their  ranks  rodsters  from  all 
parts  of  the  three  kingdoms." — The  Leeds  Mercury,  July  8,  1879. 

ROHL,  ROLL. — A  garden  or  agricultural  roller. 
ROIL,  v. — To  become  thick,  as  beer  does. 
ROILY,  adj. — Somewhat  intoxicated. 
ROMAN  WILLOW. -The  lilac. 
ROOND.— Round. 
ROOVES,//.  of  roof. 

ROPER. — A  maker  of  ropes,  sheep  nets,  and  tar  marl  (q.v.) 

411  To  ye  Roper  for  ij  bell  stringes  iijs.  iiijd. " — Louth  Churchwarden's 
Ace.,  1580. 

ROPES,  s.  pi. — Strings  of  sausages  or  onions. 

ROPY. — Stringy  ;  applied  to  stringy  bread  or  thick  beer. 

ROSE. — (i)  A  rosette  ;  a  bow,  in  tying  ribbon. 

Doiin't  mak'  a  knot ;  tie  it  on  a  roase: 
(2)  The  division  of  the  hair  on  horses  and  oxen. 

ROSE,  v. — (i)  To  praise;  to  flatter.     Icel.  Nrosa,  to  praise. 

(2)  Corn,  when  beaten  down  by  wind  or  heavy  rain,  is  said 
to  be  rosed  or  rosed  about. 

ROSSIL.— Rosin. 

ROSSIN,  or  ROSSIL  UP  WF  LIQUOR.— To  make  drunk. 

ROT. — (i)  A  disease  in  sheep. 

"  The  scab,  the  rot,  and  every  circumstance  attend  them  which  can 
delay  their  being  profitable." — Tho.  Stone,  View  of  Agric.  of  Line., 
1794,  62. 

(2)  Foolish  or  indecent  talk, 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  447 

ROT,  v. — An  imprecation. 
'Od  rot  it. 

ROT  AWAY. — A  bodily  ailment,  when  it  gradually  disappears, 
is  said  to  rot  awaay. 

ROT-GUT.— Sour  beer. 

ROTTEN  LAND.— (i)  Soft,  peaty  soil,  KETTY  (q.v.) 
(2)  Land  on  which  sheep  suffer  from  the  rot. 

"  It  bears  the  appellation  of  rotten  land,  because  sheep  depastured  on 
it  are  constantly  destroyed  by  the  rot." — Tho.  Stone,  Rev.  of  Agric.  of 
Line.,  1800,  173. 

There  are  fields  called  Rotten  Sykes  in  the  parish  of  Winteringham 
which  have  probably  acquired  their  name  from  this  reason. 

ROTTEN  STONE.— A  soft  kind  of  stone  used  for  cleaning 
stone  steps  and  hearths.  Stones  of  various  formations  go 
by  this  name,  but  it  is  most  commonly  applied  to  a  soft 
kind  of  oolite. 

ROUGH. — (i)  A  tale  made  out  of  the  rough  is  one  invented  on 
the  spur  of  the  moment. 

(2)  To  cut  up  rough  is  to  become  angry. 

ROUGH,  v. — To  make  rough  ;  commonly  applied  to  roughing 
horses  feet  in  frost  time. 

ROUGH-CAST,  adj.— Said  of  a  wall  when  it  is  roughly 
plastered  or  pebble-dashed.  Shakspere  uses  rough-cast  as  a 
substantive. 

"Some  man  or  other  must  present  Wall,  and  let  him  have  some 
plaster,  or  some  loam,  or  some  rough-cast  about  him." — Midsummer 
Night's  Dream,  iij.  i.  71. 

ROUGH-LEAF. — (i)  Seedlings,  especially  turnips,  when  they 
have  got  their  second  leaves  are  said  to  be  in  rough-leaf. 

(2)  "  He  is  in  rough-leaf  now,"  a  figurative  expression 
meaning  that  the  person  spoken  of  has  made  a  good 
beginning  in  some  undertaking. 

ROUGH-MUSIC.— The  clashing  of  pots  and  pans.  This 
music  is  sometimes  played  when  a  very  unpopular  person 
is  leaving  a  village,  or  when  someone  very  hateful  is  being 
sent  to  prison.  A  man  who  is  known  to  beat  his  wife  is 
sometimes  serenaded  with  rough-music.  Cf.  Elworthy,  West 
Somerset  Word-Book^  632. 


448  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

ROUGH-RIDER.— (i)  A  horsebreaker. 

(2)  Sometimes,  though  incorrectly,  the  groom  who  rides  a 
second  horse  for  his  master  in  the  hunting  field  is  called  a 
rongh-ridtr. 

ROUND. — A  plane  for  working  a  rounded  surface. 

ROUNDY  COAL. — Large-sized  pieces  of  coal,  as  distinguished 
from  the  small  coal,  called  dust  or  "sleek."  Perhaps 
originally  applied  to  thick  pieces  of  charcoal. 

ROUSIN',  adj.— Great ;  fine. 

Give  him  nobbut  a  pipe  an'  a  glass  o'  gin,  and  set  him  afoore  a  rousin' 
fire,  an'  he  '11  be  as  happy  as  thof  he  was  e'  heaven. 

ROUT.— (i)  A  noise. 
(2)  Hoarseness. 

ROUT  ABOUT,  v. — (i)  To  mix  things  up  in  a  confused  heap. 
(2)  To  make  useless  bustle. 

ROUTING,  pres.  part. — Grunting  as  a  pig. 

"  He  is  a  naturall  foole     ...     he  lyeth  routing  and  snorting  all 
night  and  all  day." — Bernard,  Terence,  171. 

ROW  (roh),  v. — To  set  ridges  for  planting  potatoes  or  sowing 
turnips. 

ROWAN  TREE.— The  mountain  ash. 

It's  all  very  well  for'  you  to  saay  you're  not  scar'd  o'  witches  ;  what 
hev  you  hed  them  rowan-trees  setten  e'  yer  gardin  fer  I  should  like  to  knaw. 

ROWEL. — (i)  A  circular  piece  of  leather  with  a  hole  in  the 
centre,  used  by  farmers  for  the  purpose  of  inserting  under 
a  horse's  skin  to  cause  inflammation  of  the  surface. 
French,  rouelle. 

"Rowelsact  like  blisters." — Elaine,  Outlines  of  Veterinary  Art,  2d.  ed.  646. 
(2)  A  loop  or  ring,  made  of  a  cord  formed  of  horsehair,  which 
is   inserted   in   the   dew-lap  of  cattle  for  the  purpose  of 
hindering  the  black-leg  (q.v.) 

ROWL. — A  roll  of  paper,  cloth,  &c. ;  not  a  roller  for  crushing. 
ROWLER. — A  roller  such  as  is  used  in  farms  and  gardens. 

ROWLY-POWLY  PUDDING.— A  pudding  made  by  spread- 
ing preserves  on  paste  and  rolling  it  up. 

ROYSTON  CROW.— Corvus  Comix.  Royston  is  in  Cambridge- 
shire. The  people  here  think  that  these  birds  live  at 
Royston  all  the  year  round. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  449 

RUB  ALONG. — To  continue  in  the  same  state  as  heretofore. 

We  shall  nib  along  maaybe,  but  ther's  noa  munny  to  be  maade  times 
like  thease. — 1886. 

RUBBISHLY.— Rubbishy. 

RUCK.— All;  everyone. 

Th'  whoale  ruck  on  'em  past  here  at  eleven  o'clock  last  neet. 

RUCKEYTOON,  RACATOWN.— A  small  portable  apparatus 
used  by  spinners  to  suspend  from  the  waist,  on  which  to 
wind  the  thread  from  the  spool  into  balls  or  bobbins.  With 
this  a  woman  could  go  gossiping  among  her  neighbours,  and 
take  a  ruck  (walk)  through  the  town.  W.T.,  of  Winterton, 
being  asked  why  a  Rttckeytoon  was  called  by  that  name, 
replied,  "Becos  th'  wimmen  could  ruck  aboot  e'  th'  toon  wi' 
it."  This  derivation  is  probably  wrong. 

RUCKET.— One  who  gads  about. 
RUCKING.— Wandering  about.     See  RAKE. 
RUCKLE,  v. — To  breathe  with  difficulty  like  one  dying. 

RUCTION.— A  row  ;  a  riot. 

"  Four  hundred  dirty  vagabonds, 
All  ready  for  a  ruction." 

Election  Song,  1852. 

RUD,  RUDDLE. — Red  ochre.  It  is  commonly  used  for 
marking  sheep. 

"  Rude  figured  things  in  different  colours  shone, 

Some  made  with  ruddle  which  the  shepherd  swain 
Employs  that  he  may  know  his  sheep  again." 

John  Clare,  The  Rivals. 

RUD.— Red  (obsolete). 

"  Manton  .  .  .  one  vestmentt  of  rud  russells  and  one  aulbe  was 
sold  to  William  Brombe  and  Edward  Poste." — 1566.  Line.  Ch. 
Goods,  115. 

RUD,  RUDDLE,  v.— To  colour  with  rud. 

I  hed  just  ruddled  gantry,  an'  if  she  did  n't  cum  in  e'  her  clean  white 
frock  an'  set  her  sen  slap  doon  on  it,  wet  as  it  was. 

RUE-BARGAIN. — Money  given  to  annul  a  bargain  that  has 
been  repented  of. 

He  boht  th'  beas  oher  dear,  son.  he  gev  him  a  sovran  for  a  rew-bargain. 

RUE-PIE. — To  eat  rue  pie  is  to  repent. 

Them  'at's  e'  a  horry  to  wed  gen'lins  eats  rew-pie  afoore  thaay  'vebeen 
married  a  year. 


450  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

RUINATE,  v.— To  ruin. 

Th'  taaters  hes  been  clean  ruinaated  by  thease  laate-cum  frosts. 

"Ruinating  thereby  the  health  of  their  bodies." — Robert  Burton, 
Ana*.  Mel.,  1652,  26. 

"  In  Areley  Kings  churchyard,  Worcestershire,  an/inscription  on  the 
tomb  of  William  Walsh  says  that  he  was  '  ruinated  by  three  Quakers, 
three  lawyers,  and  a  fanatic  to  help  them."' — Phipps  Onslow,  Dioc. 
Histories,  Worcester,  314. 

RUINATION.— Ruin. 

"  It's  ruinaation  to  hedges  to  stick  dead  thorns  i'to  th'  gaps  ;  it  kills 
all  th'  live  wood  gaain  hand." — Coleby,  1874. 

RULE  THE  PLANETS,  v.-— To  solve  problems  in  astrology. 

RULLY. — A   low   cart  or   waggon   used   for   carrying   heavy 
weights. 

RUMBUSTICAL,  adj.-(i)  Violent  in  conduct. 

You  nead  n't  be  so  rumbustical,  you  '11  hev  to  to'n  oot  if  we  traail  you 
wi'  herses. 

(2)  Huddled  together. 

All  rumbitstical  on  a  heap. 

RUMMLE  (runrl),  v.— To  rumble. 

RUMP  AND  STUMP.— Entirely;  completely. 

Thaay  "ve  sell'd  him  up  rump  and  stump. 

RUMPLE,  v. — To  crease  ;  to  crumple. 
RUMPTION,  RUMPUS.— A  disturbance. 

RUN. — (i)  A  small  channel  of  water  ;  a  runnel. 
(2)  The  track  of  an  animal. 

RUN,  v.—(i)  To  run  after;  to  chase. 

If  thoo  runs  them  ducks,  I'll  run  thee,  my  lad. 

(2)  To  run  away  from. 

He  did  n't  like  th'  job  so  he  run'd  it. 

(3)  To  melt  or  to  be  melted. 

If  you  put  that  theare  glass  (or  lead)  e'  th'  fire,  it  '11  run  like  fun. — 

Winterton,  circa  1840. 

(4)  To  cast. 

I  was  runnin'  oor  beas-wax  into  mohds  when  she  com. 
"  If  you  would  know  when  we  was  run, 
It  was  March  the  twenty-second,  1701." 

Bell  Inscription,  Alvechurch,  Worcestershire. 

(5)  To  land  smuggled  goods. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  451 

RUNABOUT. — (i)  A  wanderer ;  a  man  who  hawks  matches, 
writing  paper,  clothes-pegs,  and  other  small  wares. 

(2)  A  man  who  never  works  for  more  than  a  few  days  at  one 
job  or  under  the  same  master. 

RUN  ABOUT,  v. — To  go  anxiously  in  quest  of. 

I've  bed  Shelton  runnin'  aboot  at  two  or  three  markits  to  get  me 
some  seed  barley,  and  a  strange  job  he  hed  to  find  ony  ;  th'  farmers  is 
all  sell'd  oot.— May  3,  1888. 

RUNAGATE. — A   runaway;    a  person  leading  an  unsettled 
life. 

"  Letteth  the  runagates  continue  in  scarceness." — Psalm  Ixviij.,  6, 
Prayer  Book  Version. 

RUN  AWAY,  v.— (i)  To  become  beyond  control,  said  of  bells 
rung  by  unskilful  ringers. 

(2)  Grass  is  said  to  run  away  when  it  is  under-stocked,  and 
from  not  being  cropped  by  animals  much  cf  it  becomes  so 
coarse  as  not  to  be  fit  for  food.  See  Arth.  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  194. 

RUN  BILLS,  v.— To  delay  the  settlement  of  tradesmen's  bills 
for  an  unreasonably  long  time. 

"  He  never  run  bills,  and  didn't  want  trust  of  anybody,  thank  God." — 
Yorkshire  Mag.,  May  1873,  378. 

RUN  DOWN,  v. — To  slander;  to  calumniate;  to  depreciate. 

He  hed  his  faults,  bud  I  doan't  like  to  hear  him  run'd  doon  noo  he's 
dead.  • 

She's  as  nist  a  mare  as  iver  was  foal'd,  soa  it's  to  no  ewse  your  runnin' 
her  doon,  Bill. 

RUNG.— (i)  The  step  of  a  ladder. 

"  Luigi  Settembrini,  though  standing  many  rungs  of  the  political 
ladder  lower  than  Poerio,  was  nevertheless  a  hardy  and  enthusiastic 
jpatriot." — Louis  Pagan's  Life  of  Sir  Anthony  Panizzi,  1880,  vol.  ii.,  p.  67. 

(2)  One  of  the  pieces  of  wood  at  the  top  of  a  cart  or  waggon 
into  which  the  slots  fit. 

(3)  One  of  the  cross  pieces  joining  the  legs  of  a  chair. 
RUNG,^tf.  part. — Ringed,  said  of  pigs.     See  RING. 

RUNNER.— A  smuggler. 

New  Holland,  wheare  th'  ferry  is  across  Hum'er,  got  its  naame  fra 
th'  runners  runnin'  in  Dutch  gin  thereaboots  e'  fermer  times.  Ohd 
Braady  Nicholson,  him  that  th'  plaace  ewsed  to  belong  to,  tell'd  me  soa 
his  sen. 


452  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

RUNNING.— (i)  A  kind  of  sewing. 

"Take  three  threads,  leave  three,  and  in  order  that  the  work  maybe 
kept  as  firm  as  possible,  backstitch  occasionally." — The  Ladies'  Work-table 
Book,  33. 

(2)  Darning  stockings  before  they  are  worn  in  order  that  they 
may  last  longer. 

RUNNING  BARROW.— An  upright  frame  on  two  small 
wheels,  used  for  moving  sacks  of  corn  and  potatoes.  See 

HICKING  BARROW. 

RUN  OFF,  v. — To  become  thin  or  unhealthy. 

That  bairn  o'  her's  hes  run'd  off  a  deal  sin  I  seed  it  afore. 

We  mun  hev  th'  beas'  putten'  into  th'  yard  as  soon  as  ivver  ther's 
time  to  thresh  to  get  sum  stroa ;  I  can  see  as  thaay're  beginnin'  to  run 
o/.—Bottesford,  October  8,  1888. 

RUN  OUT,  v.— To  exhaust. 

That  farm  was  clear  run  oot  when  he  took  to  it,  but  it's  e'  rare 
condition  noo.— East  Ferry,  1884. 

RUN  THE  LAND. — A  farmer  who  cross  crops,  or  otherwise 
farms  badly  for  the  purpose  of  getting  all  he  can  out  of  the 
land  in  the  first  years  of  his  tenancy,  is  said  to  run  the  land. 

RUN  THE  NEST.— When  a  hen  forsakes  her  nest  she  is  said 
to  run  it. 

RUN  TO. — For  a  servant  to  have  everything  to  run  to,  means 
that  access  is  given  to  all  household  stores ;  that  there  is  no 
locking  up. 

RUNTY,  adj.— Short ;  stiff-set. 
She's  a  queer  runty  little  lass. 

RUN  UP,  ».— (i)  To  contract  in  washing. 
I  doan't  like  frannel  for  sheets,  it  runs  up  soa. 
(2)  To  repudiate  a  contract. 

I  oncesell'd  ohd  Tock  sum  taaties,  bud  as  I'd  noht  e1  writin',  when  he 
seed  he'd  gettin  "em  oher  dear  he  run'd  up. 

RUN  YOUR  OWN  CONVOY.— To  go  your  own  way ;  take 
your  own  course. 

RUSSEL,  (rus-1),  v.— To  wrestle. 

RUSSELS  (obsolete).— Probably  a  kind  of  satin.  See  RUD. 
It  is  "believed  to  take  its  name  from  Rysell,  the  Flemish 
name  of  Lille.  See  Notes  and  Queries,  vj.  s.  viij.,  198. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  458 

RUST. — Mildew  in  wheat.  There  seems,  however,  to  be  a 
distinction  made  between  rust  and  mildew.  I  have  heard 
that  when  the  ears  only  turn  brown,  black,  or  white,  that 
the  wheat  has  the  rust ;  but  that  when  the  straw  also  is 
affected,  that  it  is  suffering  from  mildew. 

RUSTY  BUM.— A  rough  game  played  by  boys.  At  York  it  is 
called  "  Ships  and  Sailors." 

RUT.— (i)  To  cut  into  ruts. 

"  The  lane  was  moreover  much  rutttcd  and  broken  up." — Ivanhot- 
Abbotsford  ed.,  454. 

(2)  To  fill  in  ruts. 

RUTTING.— (i)  A  rut. 

Th'  ruttin's  e'  Ranthrup  Hill  laane  want  pickin'  in  sorely. 
(2)  The  desire  of  the  sow  for  the  male. 

RUTTLE  (rut-1). — The  rattling  or  gurgling  in  the  throat  made 
by  the  dying. 


454  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 


S. — The  apostrophe  's  is  commonly  omitted  as  "  a  lad  hat ; " 
"  a  lass  bonnet ;  "  "  a  herse  foot ;  "  "  John  book ;  "  "  Heala' 
plantin's  ;  "  "  oor  Tom  wife." 

"  He  likewise  gave  to  ye  poor  of  this  and  some  other  neighbouring 
parishes  seven  pounds,  and  acquitted  his  tenants  of  half  a  year  rent."— 
Burton-on-Stather  Church.  Inscrip.  to  Thomas  Cullowhill,  1748. 

SA,  adv. — So. 

SACK  (with  the  verb  to  5^).— Dismissal. 

He's  gotten  th'  sack  at  last.  I  maade  mysen  sewer  them  waays  o' 
gooin1  on  wod'nt  last  for  iver. — Yaddlethorpe,  June,  1887. 

SACK,  v.— To  dismiss. 

If  he  duz  n't  do  as  he's  tell'd  sack  him  wi'  oot  ony  moore  on  it. 

SACKING. — Sackcloth ;  a  sacking-bottomed  bed-stead  is  one 
that  has  sackcloth  stretched  from  side  to  side  instead  of 
light  bars  of  wood. 

SAD,  adj.  and  adv. — (i)  Grave;  serious. 

(2)  Stiff ;  heavy.     Land  is  sad  when  the  frosts  of  winter  have 
not   mellowed  it;    bread  is  sad  when  it  has  not  properly 
fermented. 

(3)  An  intensitive  used  in  a  bad  sense. 

He's  a  sad  offil  chap. 
It's  a  sad  bad  job. 

SAD  CAKES. — Cakes  made  without  yeast. 

SAD  DUMPLING.— A  dumpling  made  of  flour,  water  and 
"  shortening  "  (q.v.) ;  called  sad  to  distinguish  it  from  light 
dumpling  (q.v.) 

SAFE,  ^'.—Certain ;  sure. 

It's  saafe  to  thunner. 

Bairns !  noabody  'at  knawed  onything  aboot  'em  wo'd  iver  want  to 
be  bothered  wi'  'em.     Thaay  're  noht  bud  a  truble  an'  a  expense  when 
th're  little,  an'  when  thaay  get  big  enif  to  addle  the'r  vittles  th're  saafe 
to  dee,  an'  then  ther's  coffin  an'  buryin'  to  paay  for.— Mrs.  L 
East  Butter  wick,  circa  1882. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  455 

SAFE. — A  cupboard  in  which  meat  is  kept,  with  a  net  at  the 
sides  and  in  the  door,  for  the  purpose  of  letting  in  air  and 
keeping  out  flies.  These  nets  were  formerly  made  of  hair 
or  hemp  strands.  Wire  net  was  afterwards  used;  their 
place  is  now  commonly  supplied  by  perforated  zinc.  The 
inventory  of  John  Nevill,  of  Faldingworth,  taken  in  1553, 
states  that  the  deceased  had  in  "the  neder  buttery  .  .  . 
an  ambrey  of  heare."  This  was  no  doubt  a  meat-safe  with 
the  sides  made  of  hair-net. 

SAFE-GUARD. — A  skirt  which  was  formerly  worn  by  women 
when  they  rode  on  a  pillion. 

SAFFRON.— As  dear  as  saffron.  Cf.  Elworthy's  West  Somerset. 
Word-Book  (sub  voc.)  Why  saffron  is  used  in  this  sense  I  do 
not  know. 

SAG,  v . — To  bend ;  to  warp ;  to  sink  in  the  middle. 

That  swing-gaate  at  th'  beck-raails  is  sagged  iver  soa,  it  '11  be  breakin ' 
'e  too. 

I've  no  opinion  o'  larch  gaates,  thaay  sag  soa  bad. 
Rebecca's  inaade  my  Sunda'  goon  to  sag  o'  one  side. 

SAG-BAR. — A  bar  in  a  gate  or  door,  which  runs  diagonally 
from  the  top  to  the  bottom,  intended  to  hinder  it  from 

sagging.  •  •; 

SAGE  CHEESE.— Cheese  with  the  juice  of  sage  added  to  the 
milk  before  the  curds  are  made. 

SAGA.— Sago. 

SAGES  OF  THE  TOWN.— The  elders  or  wise  persons  of  the 
town  (obsolete). 

"  Fora  fortnight  last  past  there  has  been  a  fortune-teller  in  this  town, 
which  as  soon  as  I  heard  on  I  caused  him  to  be  apprehended  and 
brought  before  the  sages  of  the  town." — Abr.  de  la  Pryme's  Diary, 
1695,  56. 

SAGE  WOMAN.— A  midwife. 

SAIM  (saim).— Lard.     Cf.  Welsh  saim. 

I've  not  boht  ony  butter  for  a  twel'  munth,  bud  get  a  bit  o'  saim  to  my 
caake  noo  an'  then. 

SAINT  ANT'NY  FIRE.— Erysipelas. 

SAINT  LUKE'S  SUMMER.— A  few  warm  days  coming 
together  in  October. 


456  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SAINT  MONDAY,  SAINT'S  DAY.— The  idle  day  at  the 
beginning  of  the  week,  called  Saint's  Day  or  Saint  Monday 
because  drunkards,  having  received  their  wages  on  Saturday 
evening,  spend  that  day  in  consuming  them  at  the  beer-shop. 

You  nead  n't  expect  Joa  to-daay,  it's  Saaint  Munda'  wi'  him  agean. 
"  He's  off  on  his  Saint's  Day." — Cf.  Life  of  James  Lackington,  1830,  38. 

SAKERING-BELL,  SANCE-BELL.— The  sanctus  bell;  a 
bell  rung  during  mass.  Sometimes  it  was  a  small  bell 
which  hung  in  a  little  cote,  that  stood  on  the  ridge  of  the 
roof,  between  the  nave  and  the  choir  of  the  church;  at 
others  it  was  a  handbell  (obsolete). 

"Awkeborowe  .  .  .  a  sakeringe-bell  and  one  hand-bell  broken  to 
peces." — Lincolnshire  Church  Goods,  1566,  36. 

A  sanctus  bell  was  discovered  walled  up  in  a  putlog-hole  in  Bottesford 
Church,  in  August,  1870.  An  engraving  of  it  is  to  be  seen  in  Pro  Soc. 
Ant.,  ij.  S.,  v.  24.  The  cotes  of  the  Sanctus  bell  yet  remain  at  Goxhill 
and  Boston  in  this  county;  at  Kingsland,  co.  Hereford;  Lilbourn,  co. 
Northampton;  and  Newark,  co.  Nottingham.  Gent.  Mag.,  1797,  913; 
1800,  i.,  25;  1826,  i.,  393. 

SAL,  often  contracted  to  S'L.— Shall. 

He's  e'  Austraalia,  an'  I  s'l  niver  sea  him  no  moore  e'  this  warld.     . 
"Sal  I  neuere  freeman  be." — Havelok,  628. 

SALLACKING,  SLALLACKING.  —  Walking  clumsily  ; 
walking  in  shoes  that  are  too  large,  or  which  have  the  heels 
down. 

SALLERY.— Celery. 

SALLUP,  SALLET.— A  violent  blow. 

Tek  care  the  door  duz  n't  fetch  the  a  gret  sallup  oher  th1  head. — A .  W., 
East  Butterwick,  September  30,  1876. 

SALMON-PITS.— "There  are  particular  places  in  the  river 
(Trent)  to  which  the  salmon  resort  that  are  called  Salmon 
Pits.'9 — Suyvey  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  1787. 

SALTS.— -Epsom  salts. 

SALVE.— Flattery. 

Noo  noan  o'  yer  salve;  if  yc  want  ony thing  speak  it  oot  plaain  an' 
hev  dun  wi'  it. 

SAM,  v. — To  act  with  energy  or  violence. 

"Noo  then,  sam  into  it;"  that  is,  get  on  with  your  work  as  fast  as 
you  can. 

"Sam  off  with  you;'1  that  is,  be  off  this  minute. 

"Sam  hohd  on  him;"  a  form  of  encouragement  given  to  dogs  in  the 
sport  of  rat-catching. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  45? 

SAMELIKE,  adv.— -In  like  manner. 

I  com  in  an'  spok,  saamclike  as  I'm  doin"  noo. 

Beans  was  real  bad,  an'  saamelike  was  oats  an'  barley. 

SAMMY,  SAMMY-NODDY.— A  foolish  person. 
SAND-MARTIN,  SAND-SWALLOW.— Hirundo  Riparia. 
SANGS.— An  oath. 

My  sangs. — Broughton. 

SAP,  SAP-HEAD,  SAP-SKULL.— A  fool. 
SARMUN  (saa-mim). — A  sermon. 
SARPENT.— A  serpent. 

SARRA,  v. — To  serve  ;  to  feed. 
Hes  ta  sarra'd  th'  kye. 

SARTAN,  SARTIN.— Certain. 

SARTAN-SEWER,    SARN-SEWER.— Certain   sure;    quite 
certain. 

I'm  sartan-sewev  I  did  n't  saay  noht  o'  soort. 

SARTANTY.— Certainty. 


Upon  a  sartanty  I  should  n't  ha'  knaw'd  wheare  to  hev  gotten  sich  a 
letter  as  this  is  written  if  I'd  paaid  iver  so  much  for  it.     I  should  n't 


a 

n't 
upon  a  sartanty. 


SARVANT  (saa-vunt).— Servant. 

Them  sarvant  lasses  e'  Lunnun  is  that  ig'rant  noabody  as  hed  n't 
been  among  'em  wod  beleave  it.  When  I  lived  wi'  Squire  ...  we 
ewsed  to  goa  up  theare  ivery  summer  time  to  a  hoose  he  hed,  an'  once 
ther'  was  a  straange  mess  o'  mice ;  thaay  run'd  ivery  wheare  an'  charm'd 
ivery  thing.  An'  th'  hoosekeeper  she  says  to  us  lasses,  "  I  hoape 
thaay'll  not  be  makkin  the'rsens  a  nest  e'  the  green  room  bed."  An'  a 
peace  efter  me  an'  a  lass  as  thaay  call'd  Jaane  hed  that  theare  room  to 
get  ready  for  one  o'  our  master  sons  that  was  a  cumin'  fra  Oxford 
Collige;  an' Jaane  says  to  me  when  we  was  agaate  o'  puttin' sheets  upo1 
the  bed,  as  innicent  as  oht  like,  "  It  weant  matter  noo  whether  them 
theare  mice  hes  maade  a  nest  for  thersens  here  or  no,  for  Master 
Frank  '11  be  sewer  to  break  all  th'  eggs,  if  ther'  is  onny ,  wi1  liggin  on  'em." 

SARVE,  v. — (i)  Serve.     In  the  sense  of  to  receive  one's  due. 
He's  been  sent  to  prison  fer  two  munths,  an'  it  sarves  him  well  right. 

(2)  To  serve;  to  feed  animals. 

Noo  then,  'Bina,  get  off  wi'  thee,  an'  sarve  them  pigs. 

SARVIS  (saa-vis). — Service. 


458  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SASSE  (obsolete). — "A  kind  of  weir  with  a  floodgate,  or  a 
navigable  sluice." — Smyth,  Sailors'  Word-book. 

"Sas,  a  sluice." — Sewel,  Dutch  Diet. 

"  The  people  of  Epworth  Manour  and  Misterton  .  .  .  pulled  up 
the  sluices  and  navigable  sasses." — A  Brief  Ace.  of  the  Drainage  of  Hatfield 
Chace,  in  Pro  Soc.  Ant.,  ij.  s.,  vj.,  488. 

"Digging  the  foundation  for  the  sasse  at  Salter's-hole." — Ancient  and 
Present  State  of  the  Navigation  of  .  .  .  Lyn,  Wisbeach,  Spaldingt  and 
Boston,  7. 

SATE-ROD. — A  twisted  rod,  commonly  of  hazel,  used  by 
blacksmiths  for  holding  the  punches  employed  for  making 
the  holes  in  horse-shoes. 

SATTLE. — A  settle ;  a  wooden  seat  like  a  sofa. 

SATTLE,  v.— (i)  To  settle. 

That  muck-hill's  sattled  a  good  bit  sin  Sunda'. 

(2)  To  settle  an  account. 

Oor  maaster's  niver  ready  wi'  his  munny  to  sattle  wi'  us  on  a  Setterda' 
neet. 

(3)  A  servant  says  she  or  he  can't  sattle,  that  is,  suffers  from 
home-sickness,  or  that  the  manners  of  the  household  are 
disagreeable.       Boys     and     girls     at    "boardin'    school " 
frequently  complain  that  they  can't  sattle. 

(4)  To  fall  in  price. 

Red  wheat  was  up  to  tho'ty-eaght  a  fo'tneet  sin,  bud  it's  saft/zVagean 
noo — Brigg,  June  16,  1887. 

SATTLEMENT.— Settlement. 

SAUCE  (saus). — Rudeness  ;  insulting  language  ;  impudence. 
Noo  then,  let's  hev  noan  o'  yer  sauce,  for  I  wean't  stan'  it. 

SAUCE  BOX.— (i)  The  mouth. 
(2)  An  impudent  child. 

SAUCEPANS.— The  vertebra?  of  fishes,  so  called  from   the 
dish-like  cavities  on  either  side. 

SAUCEPAN-STONES,  s.pl.~ Fossil  vertebrae  found  in  Lias 
gravel. 

SAUGH  (sau).— The  goat- willow;  Salix  capvea. 

SAUL  (saul).— The  soul. 

SAUL,  SOUL  (saul,  soal). — The  lungs  of  a  fowl  or  a  goose. 

SAUT  (saut).— Salt. 

Gie  me  a  little  deary  wee  bit  o'  saut. 


STANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  459 

SAUVE.— (i)  Salve. 
(2)  Flattery. 

SAUVIN'  ABOOT. — Going  about  in  an  idle  or  foolish  manner. 

She  went  sauvin'  aboot  e1  noa-how,  e'stead  o'  helpin'  me  to  wesh  up  th 
tea-things. 

SAVIN-TREE.— The  savin;  Junipems  saUna.  A  "tea"  is 
sometimes  made  of  savin  which  is  taken  by  women  for  the 
purpose  indicated  in  the  following  passages : 

"And  when  I  look, 

To  gather  fruit,  find  nothing  but  the  savin-tree, 
Too  frequent  in  nuns'  orchards,  and  there  planted, 
By  all  conjecture,  to  destroy  fruit  rather." 

Tho.  Middleton,  A  Game  at  Chess,  act  j.,  sc.  j., 

Dyce's  ed.  iv.,  321. 

"The  leaues  of  sauine  boy  led  in  wine  .  .  .  draw  away  the  after- 
birth, expell  the  the  dead  childe,  and  kill  thequicke." — Gerarde,  Herball, 
1636,  1378. 

"  She's  gane  to  the  garden  gay, 

To  pu'  o'  the  savin-tree; 
But  for  a'  that  she  can  say  or  do, 
The  babie  it  would  not  die." 

Scott,  Border  Minstrelsy,  ed.  1861,  299, 

quoting  Motherwell,  p.  317. 

In  a  seventeenth  century  satirical  tract,  entitled,  A  New  Bill,  drawn 
up  by  a  Committee  of  Grievances,  in  reply  to  the  Ladies'  and  Batchelors1 
Petition  and  Remonstrances,  reprinted  in  The  Harlean  Miscellany,  the 
following  passage  occurs:  "Lastly  .  .  .  that  a  clause  be  inserted 
to  root  out  of  all  the  female  physick-gardens,  and  indeed  from  out  the 
whole  commonwealth,  those  dangerous  plants  called  cover-shame,  alias 
savin,  and  other  anti-conceptive  weeds  and  poisons;  those  notorious 
restoratives  of  slender  shapes  and  tender  reputations,  to  the  loud  and 
crying  shame  of  'love  lost,  and  a  good  thing  thrown  away,'  "  vol.  iv., 
p.  440. 

The  name  "  cover  shame  "  does  not  seem  to  be  known  here. 
Robert  Burton  mentions  savine  in  his  list  of  plants  good  for  the 
womb. — Anat.  Mel.,  2d.  ed.,  1624,  p.  300. 

In  West  Somerset  this  plant  goes  by  the  name  of  "bastard  killer." — 
Elworthy,  West  Somerset  Word-book  (sub  voc.);  and  in  some  parts  of 
Yorkshire  it  is  known  as  "  kill-bastard." 

Savin  is  sometimes  given  by  farm  servants  to  their  master's  horses 
for  the  purpose  of  making  their  coats  shine.  It  is  highly  injurious  to 
the  health  of  the  animals. 

SAW  (sau),  v.— (i)  To  sow. 

Thaay  -saw  noa  line  to  speak  on  upo'  th'  wohds. 

I've  better  then  foher  hunderd  purple  sycamores  all  self  sawn. — June 
18,  1887. 

"For  bred  &  ale  when  >e  cherche  hedlands  were  sawen,  xiijf" — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1535, 

(2)  To  sew. 


4GO  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SAWDER  (sairdur).—  (i)  Soda. 

(2)  Solder. 

"  For  a  pound  and  a  half  of  saii'der."  —  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.  1615. 

SAWER  (sairur).  —  A  sawyer. 

SAWNEY,  SAWNEYBOOS.—  A  simpleton. 

SAXTON.  —  A  sexton.     See  REIGHTLE. 

SAY.  —  A  speech  ;  a  statement  ;  a  remark. 

I've  said  my  saay,  an'  shall  talk  noht  moore  aboot  it. 

SAYCRAMENT.  —  A  sacrament;  used  almost  solely  for  holy 
communion. 

SAY-SO.  —  A  remark  made  for  the  sake  of  talking  only,  some- 
thing said  solely  to  please  another. 

Thaay  tell'd  me  'at  thaay  reckon'd  I  look'd  real  welle'  it,  bud  mebbe 
it  was  nobbud  a  saay-sod  to  please  me. 

SCAB.  —  A  disease  in  sheep. 

SCA'CE.—  Scarce. 

Apples  is  very  scarce  to-year. 

SCAFFLE,  v.—  To  equivocate. 

What  do  you  scuffle  e'  that  how  for  ;  if  you  must  lee  why  doan't  you 
tell  a  good  thumper  an'  hev  dun  wi'  it. 

SCALD.  —  Pigs  after  they  are  killed  are  put  into  very  hot 
water  for  the  purpose  of  making  the  hair  come  off  easily  ; 
this  process  is  called  scalding. 

Ah,  Miss,  it's  a  straange  good  thing  Henry's  sa  steady.  He's  for  no 
drink  at  all.  His  muther  ewsed  to  fret  oher  him  straangely,  and  praayed 
for  him  an'  all.  It  would  have  been  a  great  comfort  to  her  to  ha'  lived 
to  see  him  so  altered.  Why,  Miss,  I  said  to  her  one  day,  Muther,  says 
I,  you've  shed  as  many  tears  oher  that  theare  lad  as  wo'd  ha'  scalded  a 
pig  —  an'  she  did,  Miss,  a  can  assewer  you. 

SCALPY,  adj.  —  Thin  ;  poor  ;  said  of  land.     See  SCAUP. 

All  cliff-land  hes  n't  the  like  goodness  in  it  ;  sum's  so  near  the  rock 
it's  scalpy,  an",  in  a  way  o'  speakin',  good  to  noht. 

SCALY,  adj.  —  Mean  ;  penurious. 

SCAMBLING,  pres.  /art.—  Scrambling. 

"I'll  not  hev  you  bairns  scamblin'  aboot  among  th'  chech-bells,  I  can 
tell  ye;  you'll  be  killin"  yer  sens."  —  Junior  Churchwarden,  Bottesford, 


SCAMP,  v.  —  To  do  work  in  a  bad  or  careless  manner. 

I  doan't  want  to  hev  oht  to  do  wi'  him  ageiin,  he  scamps  his  work 
scan'lus, 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  461 

SCAN'LUS,  adj.  and  adv. — Scandalous;  scandalously. 

SCAP. — An  escape. 

I'd  a  straange  narra'  scap  once  o'  bein'  runn'd  oher  at  Frodingham 
Staation. 

SCAR  (scaar'),  v. — (i)  To  scare. 

I'm  not  scar'd  o'  boggards,  bud  I  knaw  witchin's  trew,  for  I've  seed 
things  on  it  my  awn  sen. 

(2)  To  cut  deep,  horizontal,  and  perpendicular  nicks,  crossing 
each  other  in  the  skin  of  the  chine  of  a  pig. 

SCARCELINS.— Scarcely. 

I  was  cumin'  hoam  fra  fetchin'  pig-meal,  an'  I  bed  n't  scarcelins 
getten  to  th'  corner  afoore  I  seed  him  off  into  th'  Cross-Keas,  an*  says 
I  to  my  sen,  Noo  he's  gettin'  into  th'  wrong  track  agean,  an'  this  time 
e'  th'  mornin"  an'  all,  for  it  was  n't  oher  nine  o'clock. 

SCARCRAW  (scaa'crau). — A  scarecrow. 

SCARIFIER. — A  drag  for  detaching  weeds  from  the  soil. 

SCARPED. — Spliced  ;  a  carpenters'  term. 

SCATTER-WITS.— A  light,  vain,  foolish  person. 

She's  a  real  scatter-wits,  fitter  a  deal  to  wear  fine  cloas  an'  look  at 
her  sen  e'  a  glass,  then  to  hev  a  husband  an'  bairns  to  see  to. 

SCAUD. — See  SCOHD. 

SCAUP.— (i)  The  scalp  or  top  of  the  head. 

I'll  break  thy  scaup  for  the. 

(2)  A  flat-topped  rock  in  the  Humber,  between  Whitton  and 
the  Trent  Falls,  is  called  the  Scaup  or  Scaups.  It  is  only 
visible  at  the  very  lowest  tides. 

SCHOLARSHIP.— (i)  Learning. 

(2)  Loose  talk. 

Noo  then,  noan  o'  yer  scholarship. 

Village  lads  frequently  meet  at  some  well-known  corner  for  the 
express  purpose  of  talking  scholarship,  in  which  the  youngers  are 
instructed  by  their  elders. 

SCHOOLIN'.— Education. 

Ther's  been  a  deal  o'  good  schoolin'  thrawn  awaay  on  him. 

SCIENCING,  pres.  part.— Boxing. 

"They  were  sciencing  together." — Gainsburgh  News,  April  24,  1875. 

SCITHERS  (sidh-urz).— Scissors. 
SCOHD,  SCAUD,  v.— (i)  To  scold. 


462  MAKLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SCOHP. — A  large  hollow  shovel  for  moving  potatoes  or  grain, 
and  for  lading  water.  Usually  made  of  wood,  but  now 
sometimes  of  iron. 

SCOHP,  v.— To  use  a  scohp. 

SCOLDING  WIFE.— A  watchman's  rattle. 

An  implement  of  this  kind  was,  before  the  enclosure,  used  at  Brumby 
for  the  purpose  of  frightening  the  rabbits.  Mr.  Pindar  of  the  Hall  in 
Brumby  wood,  leased  of  the  Duke  of  Cornwall,  of  whose  manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Brumby  formed  a  part,  the  right  of  stray  of  rabbits, 
and  therefore  caused  holes  to  be  made  in  the  walls  of  the  warren  that 
the  rabbits  might  go  forth  to  feed  on  the  lands  of  the  adjoining 
freeholders.  It  would  have  been  illegal  for  these  men  to  kill  the 
rabbits,  so  they  employed  a  person  to  walk  at  night  along  the  sides  of 
the  walls,  making  as  much  noise  as  he  could  with  a  scolding  wife,  for  the 
purpose  of  frightening  them  from  coming  out  of  their  enclosure. — Tests, 
Robert  Lock  wood. 

SCOOT. — A  term  of  contempt. 

He's  a  loongin'  scoot. — Epworth,  1886. 

SCOPPERIL.— (i)  The  bone  foundation  of  a  button. 

(2)  A  nimble  child.     [Possibly  because  a  scoppevil  with  a  small 
peg  through  it  is  used  as  a  teetotum,  and  is  then  nimble 
enough.— W.  W.  S.] 

(3)  A  small  lively  animal. 

He's  a  gaame  un,  is  that  little  scopperil ;  I  wish  I'd  a  tarrier  like  him. 

SCOT.— (i)  A  Scotch  beast. 

(2)  A  Scotch  fir. 

(3)  A  local  tax  as  distinguished  from  a  Crown  tax  (obsolescent). 

SCOTCH,  v.—(i)    To  cut;   to  trim  a  tree  or  hedge.      See 

BUCKHEAD. 

(2)  To  scorch. 

(3)  To  stop  a  wheel  of  a  cart  or  waggon  by  putting  a  stone 
before  it. 

SCOUR,  THE.— Diarrhoea. 

SCOUR,  v. — To  cleanse  a  ditch. 

"  The  sewer  called  Langdike  from  Trent  to  the  old  head  shall  be 
diked  &  scowred." — Inquisition  of  Sewers,  1583,  p.  6. 

"  That  eurie  one  shall  scower  North  Carre  dyke  sufficiently  against 
his  own  ground  betwixt  this  and  Whitsontyde." — Hibbaldstow  Court 
Roll,  1613. 

This  dry  weather  hes  been  a  rare  time  for  scourin'  oor  dykin's.  -  Thaay 
're  all  as  reight  as  can  be."—Bottesford,  October  5,  1887. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRING^AM  WORDS. 

SCOURING  SAND.— Disintegrated  oolite,  sold  for  scouring 
wooden  tables,  floors,  &c. 

SCOUR  THE  KETTLE.— To  go  to  confession;   a  Roman 
Catholic  term. 

SCRAB. — A  sickly,  undergrown,  stunted,  animal. 
SCRABBLE,  v.— To  scratch. 

Th'  broon  cat's  scrabblin'  at  th'  winda'  to  be  letten'  in. 

"He    .     .     .     .scrabbled  on  the  doors  of  the  gate." — j.  Sam.  xxj.,  13. 

SCRAG.— The  neck. 

I  boht  a  scrag  o'  mutton  for  Sunda's  dinner. 

SCRAG,  v. — To  break  the  neck  ;  to  hang. 

"  Like  a  kite  scraggin'  a  whitterick."— Ralf  Skirlaugh,  j.,  189. 

SCRAN.— Poor  food. 

Bad  scran  to  you. 

SCRANKY,  adj.— Lanky. 

SCRANNY,  adj.— Crazy. 

Noo  then,  we  doan't  want  scranny  talk  aboot  Gladstoane  like  that 
theare  ;  it's  not  'lection  time  remember. 

"The  people  must  go  scranny  once  a  year." — Ph.  James  Bailey,  The 
Age,  178. 

SCRAPE.— A  mess  ;  a  difficulty. 

Th'  head  clerk  at  .  .  .  hes  gotten  into ascraape  wi*  his  maaisters  ; 
he'll  hev  to  flit  sewer  eniff,  an'  soon  an'  all. 

A  writer  in  The  Athenceum  suggests  the  following  derivation  : — "The 
deer  which,  in  the  olden  time,  as  elsewhere  at  the  present  period,  were 
addicted,  at  certain  seasons,  to  dig  up  the  land  with  their  fore-feet,  in 
holes  to  the  depth  of  a  foot,  or  even  of  half  a  yard,  contributed  a  new 
word  to  our  language.  These  were  called  "  scrapes."  For  a  wayfarer 
to  tumble  into  one  of  these  was  sometimes  done  at  the  cost  of  a  broken 
leg ;  and,  ultimately,  any  Cambridge  man  who  found  himself  in  an 
unpleasant  position,  from  which  extrication  was  difficult,  was  said  to 
have  '  got  into  a  scrape.'  " — Sept.  27,  1862,  p.  391. 

SCRAPS.— See  CRAPS. 

SCRAT.— The  devil. 

Be  a  good  bairn  or  Scrat  '11  be  sewer  to  cum  for  the. 

SCRAT.— (i)  To  scratch. 

"It  is  an  ordinary  thing  for  women  in  such  cases  to  scrat  the 
faces  ...  of  such  as  they  suspect ;  as  Henry  the  Second's 
importune  luno  did  by  Rosamund  at  Woodstock." — Rob.  Burton, 
Anat.  Mel.,  1652.  p.  610. 

^'  To  scrat  where  it  itches 
Is  better  then  fine  cloas  or  riches." 

Proverb,  C.  A.  H>,  Kirton-in-Lindsev. 


464  MANLEY  AND  CORRlNGHAM  WORDS. 

Mary  :  "  Art  'a  realins  gooin'  to  leave,  Jaane  ?  " 

Jane :  "  Ey,  I  am,  for  I'm  sewer  ther's  gooin'  to  be  a  baaliff  do. 
Naaither  maaister  nor  missis  hes  so  much  as  a  sixpence  to  serai  ther' 
arses  wi'". — Yaddlethorpe,  Dialogue  in  a  Maid-servants'  Bedroom,  circa  1846. 

(2)     To  gather  together  ;  to  accumulate. 

I've  been  scrattin'  all  my  life,  an  hev  gotten  a  nist  bit  together,  I'll 
awn  that. 

SCRAT     ALONG,     v.  —  To     progress     under     unfavourable 
circumstances. 

I've  scratted  along  so  far,  but  I  doan't  knaw  how  it  '11  be  for  th' 
futur. 

SCRAT  TOGITHER,  v. — To  scrape  together  ;  to  accumulate 
hardly,  or  by  little  and  little. 

He's  scratted  togithet  a  midlin'  bit  o'  munny  off  o'  that  bad  land  o'  his. 

SCRAUK,  SCRAWL.— A  scratch. 

Sum  bairns  hes  been  makkin'  scrawls  upo'  th1  stoans  e'  th'  chech- 
poarch. 

SCRAUK,  SCRAWL,  v.— To  scratch. 

Tell  'Liza  when  she  cleans  this  here  glass  she  mun  mind  an'  not 
scrawk  it. — April  17,  1887. 

My  faather's  drunk  at  Winterton,  an1  I've  gotten  maaister  o'  my 
muther,  an'  soa  I'm  scrawlin'  yaates.  . 

SCRAWM,  v. — (i)  To  crawl ;  to  scramble  ;  to  throw  out  the 
limbs  awkwardly. 

I  can  just  scrawm  aboot  upo'  two  sticks,  but  I'm  real  laame  yit. 
(2)  To  scratch. 

Them  bairns  hes  been  scrawmin'  upo'  paaper  e'  th'  best  chaamber. 

SCRAWMAX. — Anything  very  badly  formed  or  out  of  shape. 
This  here  egg  is  a  real  scrawm  ax ;  I  niver  seed  noht  to  beat  it. 

SCRAWMY,  adj.— Lanky. 
SCRAY.— A  bush. 

"  The  ihorn-scray  grows  at  the  horn  of  the  river.1' 

The  Two  Deaths;  Once  a  Week,  March  27,  1869. 

SCREE-OUT,  v.— To  scream. 

She  wo'd  scree-oot  when  she  seed  a  clock  as  thof  onybody  was  killin1  her. 

SCREW. — A  dishonest  trick ;  an  imposture  ;  a  cheat. 

I  really  weant  sell  my  taaties  to  ohd  .  .  .  ony  moore  as  long  as 
I  live;  he's  oher  mony  screws  aboot  him. — April,  1886. 

SCRIMMIDGE  (skrim-ij).— (i)  A  scuffle. 
(2)  A  noisy  argument. 

SCRIMP.— A  miser. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  465 

SCROG,  SCRUB.— (i)  A  bush. 

"I  have  gathered  nuts  from  the  scrogsof  Tynron."— Blackwood's  Mag., 
1820,  vol  vi.,  p.  568. 

(2)  A  piece  of  land  covered  with  bushes.  There  was,  until  a 
few  years  ago,  a  tract  of  land  near  Gainsburgh  called 
CorringhsLm-scroggs.  In  the  Court  Roll  of  the  Manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey,  Nov.  8,  vj.  Henry  viij.,  this  place  is 
called  Coryngham  Scrobsse.  It  is  shewn  on  the  Ordnance  Map, 
published  in  1824.  Cf.  Britain  Plant  Names,' E.D.S.,  420. 

The  late  Mr.  Beriah  Botfield  has  the  following  passage  in  his  paper 
on  the  History  of  Shropshire  : — "  It  is  probable  that  Pengwern,  or  the 
Hill  of  Alders,  was  first  covered  with  the  rude  dwellings  of  the  Britons 
some  time  after  the  Saxon  invasion  ;  and  that  it  formed  their  place  of 
refuge  after  the  destruction  of  Wroxeter,  from  the  natural  defence 
afforded  by  its  situation  on  the  bend  of  the  Severn.  But  if  they  found 
it  a  Hill  of  Alders,  they  left  it  nearly  in  the  same  condition,  as  the 
Saxons  termed  it  Scrobbes-Cyrig,  meaning  thereby  a  briary  or  general 
eminence,  overgrown  with  scrubs  or  shrubs." — Collectanea  Archaologia, 
vol.  i  ,  p.  10. 

In  John  Leyden's  ballad,  called  Lord  Soulis,  we  read  : 
"  Now  shall  thine  ain  hand  wale  the  tree 

For  all  thy  mirth  and  meikle  pride ; 
And  May  shall  choose,  if  my  love  she  refuse, 
A  scrogbush  thee  beside." 

Border  Min.  ed.,  1861,  vol.  ii.,  pt.  ii.,  p.  253. 

SCROGGY,    adj.  —  Stunted;     bushy;     having     many     short 
branches  ;  said  of  trees. 

SCROOGE,  v.—  To  squeeze. 

Thoo  sits  scroog'd  up  e'  a  corner,  like  a  otchin  in  a  holla'  tree. 

SCRUB.— See  SCROG. 

SCRUDGE   (skruj),   v. — To   squeeze ;    commonly   applied   to 
being  squeezed  in  sitting. 

Doan't  scrudge  up  agean  me  soa's  I  ha'n't  room  to  move. 

SCRUFF.— See  SCUFF. 
SCRUNCH,  v.— To  crunch. 

SCUD.— (i)  Scum. 

This  here  raain's  maade  a  deal  o1  scud  cum  doon  th'  Trent   fra 
Nottinghamsheer. 

(2)  Light,  fast  travelling  clouds. 

Scuffs  drivin'  oher  th'  moon  at  a  fine  raate,  ther1  '11  be  raain  afoore 
mornin'. 

SCUFF,  SCUFT,  SCRUFF.— The  nape  of  the  neck. 

"  His  mother  was  out  when  I  went  in,  but  she  was  brought  in  by 
Drant  by  the  scruff  of  the  neck." — Stamford  Mercury,  Oct.  20,  1876. 

"Two  of  my  orderlies     .     .     .     took  him  by  lhescru/o[  the  neck." — 
Sir  Steph.  Lakeman,  What  I  saw  in  Kaffir  Land,  24. 


466  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SCUFF,  v.— To  cuff;  to  scuffle. 

"  Thaay  maay  scu/'it  oot  at  ween  the'r  two  sens ;"  said  by  a  man  who 
saw  his  own  and  a  neighbour's  wife  fighting. 

SCUFFLE,  v.—  To  work  land  with  a  scuffler. 

SCUFFLE  ALONG,  v.— (i)  To  walk  awkwardly. 

She's  th'  baddest  walker  I  iver  seed  ;  I  call  it  noht  bud  scufflin'  along. 
(2)  A  person  in  bad  circumstances  who  still  "  keeps  his  head 
above  water  "  is  said  to  scuffle  along. 

SCUFFLER. — An  agricultural  implement ;  a  drag. 

"  Plaintiff  had  sold  defendant  a  scuffler." — Gainsburgh  News,  Nov.  18, 
1876.     See  Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  93. 

SCUM. — To  have  the  scum  over  the  eyes  is  to  be  drunk. 

SCUTCHING.— The  process  of  removing  the  fibre  of  flax  from 
the  bark  and  woody  matter  of  the  stem. 

SCUTTLE. — A  wide  and  shallow  wicker-basket  used  in  gardens 
and  stables. 

SCUTTLE,  SCUTTLE  OFF,  v.— To  run  away. 

SCYTHE-SWEEP.— The  width  of  ground  mown  by  one  sweep 
of  the  scythe.     A  person  may  enjoy  a  right  of  scythe-sweep 
over  another's  property ;  that  is  he  mows  and  appropriates 
a  "  breed  "  (breadth)  of  grass  across  the  land. 
"  A  scythe-sweep,  and  a  scythe-sweep, 

We've  done  our  task  together." 

W.  Allingham,  The  Mowers,  mAthenaum, 
July  26,  1856,  p.  931. 

SEA-DOGS,  SEA-HORSES,  s.  //.—Rough  waves  in  the  Trent 
and  Humber. 

SEA-HAW,  SEA-ROKE.— A  fog  coming  from  the  sea. 
SEA-MAW. — A  sea-mew. 

SEAM. — A  measure  used  for  corn,  lime,  &c.  (obsolete). 

"  Seam  of  corn  .  .  .  eight  bushels." — Bailey,  Eng.  Diet.,  1749. 
The  word  is  still  in  use  in  West  Somerset.  See  El  worthy's  West 
Somerset  Word  Book,  sub  voc. 

SEANEY. — Senna.      Salts    and    sedney    form     a    well-known 
purgative. 

SEAT.— (i)  The  basis  of  a  bank. 

(2)  The  soil  on  which  the  foundation  of  a  wall  is  laid. 

There'll  be  room  for  th'  wall  seat  atween  th'  trees  an'  this  here  suff 
I'm  puttin'  in." — G.  J.,  April  26, 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  467 

SECK.— A  sack. 

"For  a  secke  of  pease  of  Misteir  Kent  vjs." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch 
Ace.,  1586. 

Seckes  occurs  in  Havelok,  2019. 

A  seek  o'  taaties  is  sixteen  stoane  o'  this  side  th' Trent,  but  it'snobbut 
foherteen  on  yon. — Burringham,  1880. 

SECK-ARSE.— The  bottom  of  a  sack. 

Them  sech-arses  is  rotten  oot  wi'  stannin'  e'  th'  Irish  hoale. 

SECK-POKE. — A  bag  made  to  contain  a  sack — that  is,  four 
bushels  of  corn. 

SECKIN'. — Sack-cloth  ;  the  material  of  which  sacks  are  made. 

SECONDS.— (i)  Corn  or  flour  of  the  second  quality. 
(2)  The  second  treble  in  music. 

SEE,  v. — (i)  To  ascertain ;  to  acquire  knowledge,  not  neces- 
sarily by  the  use  of  the  eyes. 

I  can  get  no  reight  end  o'  things,  soa  I'm  gooing  oher  ;  I  want  to  see 
what  he  says  my  sen." — Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  Nov.  9,  1874. 

This  extension  of  the  meaning  of  the  word  see,  so  as  to  mean  the 
acquiring  of  knowledge  by  the  other  senses,  is  common  to  many 
languages.  Saint  Augustine  mentions  it. 

"  Dicimus  autem  non  solum,  vide  quid  luceat,  quod  soli  oculi  sentire 
possunt ;  sed  etiam,  vide  quid  sonet ;  vide  quid  oleat ;  vide  quid  sapiat ; 
vide  quam  durum  sit." — Confess,  lib.  x.,  xxxv.,  Opp.  ed.,  Benedic.  Antw., 
1700,  Tom.  i.,  col.  142. 

(2)  To  see  a  person  home,  or  part  of  the  way  home,  is  to 
accompany  him  the  whole  or  a  portion  of  the  way. 

"  I  offered  hints  to  see  her  safely  home." 

John  Clare,  The  Memory  of  Love. 

(3)  A  person  haying  good  ability,  or  acquirement  in  any  art 
or  undertaking,  is  said  to  be  well  seen  in  it. 

"A  schoolmaster 
Well  seen  in  music  to  instruct  Bianca." 

Taming  of  the  Shrew,  Act  i.,  sc.  2,  1.  135. 
"  Well  seen  in  everie  science  that  mote  bee." 

Faerie  Queene,  iv.,  2,  xxxv. 

"  Well  seen  in  the  foreign  affairs  of  the  world." — Life  of  Bishop 
Frampton,  44. 

I  niver  hed  to  do  wi'  noabody  that  was  better  seen  e'  well-sinkin, 
then  Lings  was. — Messingham,  1852. 

SEE  AFTER,  SEE  TO.— To  look  after. 

I  mun  goa  to  see  efter  them  hands  at  taatie  pie  ;  thaay'll  get  noht  dun 
bud  talkin'  if  thaay're  not  well  seen  to. 

I  doan't  like  grawin'  onions,  thaay  want  sich  an  a  deal  o1  seein'  to. 

SEED,  pt.  t. — Saw  ;  seen. 

I  niver  seed  it  raain  so  fast  e'  all  my  born  daa>  s. 


468  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

SEEDS.  —  Land  under  clover  or  grass,  not  permanent  meadow 
or  pasture. 

SEEING-GLASS.—  A  looking  glass. 

We've  hed  noht  bud  bad  luck  sin  that  theare  see  in'  -glass  was  brok  ; 
fo'st  th'  oat-stack  got  afire,  an'  noo  the  lambs  hes  started  a-deein  like 
mice.  —  .fio/tes/bn/,  June,  1887. 


SEEM.  —  Used  redundantly,  cannot  seem. 
I  can't  seam  to  reckon  it  up  no  how. 
He  scarcelin's  iver  could  seem  to  larn  his  lessins  like  uther  bairns. 

SEEMLY.  —  Seemingly. 

Seemly  it  is  soa,  bud  I  should  n't  hev  thoht  it  aither  of  him  or  her. 

SEET.—  (i)  A  sight. 

It's  a  seet  enif  to  sicken  a  dog  'ats  lived  upo'  ket,  an'  ligg'd  on  a 
manner-hill  all  it  daays. 

(2)  A  large  quantity. 

Ther1  was  a  seet  o'  rats  an'  mice  bo'nt  e'  th'  oat-stack,  poor  things. 
A  seet  o'  top  land's  warse  dreant  then  oor  warp  land  is. 
Ther's  sects  an'  sects  o'  laadies  gets  their  deaths  o'  cohd  by  wearin' 
them  theare  low  necked  dresses. 

SEG.  —  (i)  A  boar  that  has  been  castrated  when  full  grown. 

(2)  Sedge. 

(3)  The  fleur  de  lys. 

SEG,  v.  —  To  sag  (q.v.)     Isle  of  Axholme. 

SEGELING.—  Said  of  the  wild  or  unsettled  flight  of  birds. 

I  knew  we  should  hev  heavy  wind  ;  th'  black-heads  was  segelin'  aboot 
iver-soa  yisterdaay. 

SELION.  —  A  portion  of  land  of  uncertain  quantity  ;  probably 
the  same  as  "  land."     See  LANDS. 

"DERRYTHORPE.—  On  Monday  last,  Messrs.  Hatnell  &  Ducker 
offered  for  Sale  at  the  Keep  Within  Compas  Inn,  in  Derrythorpe,  part 
of  the  Estate,  situate  at  Derrythorpe,  of  J.  W.  D.  Johnson,  Esq.,  of 
Temple  Bel  wood  :  —  Lot  2  (oa.  ar.  23p.),  a  Sclion  of  Land  on  Low 
Furlong,  was  sold  to  Mr.  Benjamin  Whiteley,  for  £88  ;  Lot  3 
(la.  or.  op.),  another  Selion  in  Great  Ings,  to  Mr.  John  Snow,  for  £109  ; 
Lot  4  (oa.  3r.  28p.),  a  Selion  in  Mill  Field,  to  Mr.  William  Crackle,  for 
/ioo;  Lot  5  (oa.  3r.  26p.),  another  Selion  in  the  Mill  Field,  to  Mr. 
James  Whiteley,  for  ^98  ;  Lot  6  (oa.  3r.  ip.),  another  Selion  in  Mill 
Field,  to  Mr.  T.  J.  Brown,  for  £86  ;  and  Lot  7  (oa.  ir.  28p.),  another 
Selion  in  the  Mill  Field,  to  Mr.  T.  J.  Brown,  for  £65.  Lot  i,  consisting 
of  a  Cottage  and  Garden  was  not  sold."  —  Epworth  Bells,  Aug.  19,  1876. 

The  word  is  in  constant  use  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  but  seerns  to 
have  become  obsolete  on  the  Eastern  side  of  the  Trent. 

"  Selion  of  Land  (Selio  terrae).  Fr.  Sellion,  i.e.,  Terra  elata  inter  sulcos, 
in  Latin  Porca,  in  English  a  Stitche  or  Ridge  of  Land,  and  in  some 

E  laces  only  called  a  Land  ;  and  is  of  no  certain  quantity,  but  sometimes 
alf  an  acre  more  or  less."—  Tho.  Blount,  Law  Diet.,  1717,  sub  voce. 


-'MANL'EY   AND  : CORRING:HAM    WORDS.  469 

^SELL'D,  pt.  t.  and  pp.— Sold. 

.  .       I've  selVd  my  taaties  for  a  rattlin'  price. 

CELLING.— Proverb,  relating  to.  ' 

M  Ax  near,  sell  dear."*      - 

.$|EMI-PEMI. — One    who   is  weak;    small;    of    no   account. 
'Derived  from  demi- semi- quaver  in  music. 

I  call  him  nobbut  a  semi-demi  wheare  a  real  man  cums. 

SEN. — Self;  used  also  in.  compounds,  as  "  mysen ;."  "  their- 
sens  ; "  "  hissen  ;  "  "  wersens  ;  "  "  yoursens." 

A  man  of  weak  intellect"  had  been  accustomed  from  childhood 
regularly  to  attend  Flixborough  Church,  and  Sir  Robert  Sheffield,  the 
grandfather  of  the  present,  baronet,  used  every  Sunday  to  give  .him  a 
-•'• '•."••'  friendly  salute  'and  a  sixpence;  On  one  occasion,  in  response  to-  the 
customary  "Good  morning,.  Bob,  how  are  you  to-day,"  the  man,  for 
some  reason  resenting  the  salutation  as  too  familiar,  replied  sharply 
"  Bob  thy  sen,  not  me,"  .  --.•  v 

"  And  soon  as  chance  offer'd  that  she  could  begin, 
She  'gan  weigh  her  doubts  to  her  sen.'1 

John  Clare;  The  Disappointment. 

SENNIT;— Seventh  night. 

'SENSE,-^' He  hes  n't  sense  to  baait  a  moose-trap  ;•"  that  is,  he 
is  very  foolish. 

SENT;IMENT,--Sediment. 

That  suff  s  choakt  real  full  o'  sentiment. 

SERMON-BELL.— One  bell  sounded  alone  at  the  end  of 
chiming  or  ringing  for  service  when  .there  is  to  be  a  sermon. 
In  the,£rst  instance  the  term,  was  probably  applied  to 
a  bell  calling  people  to  sermons  preached  apart  from 
service. 

"  I  ring  to  sermon  with  a  lusty  boome, 

That  all  may  come,  and  none  may  stay  at  home." 

•1  \---~-  ,v  Bell  Inscription,  Banbury,  Oxfordshire. 

See  TINGTANG. 

SERRY. — Silly;  weak-minded  (possibly  a  form  of  sorry). 

Fve  seed  a  many  serry  uns  e'  my  time,  bud  that  theare  parson  caps 
~a.\\:—Wtiioughton,  f88o. 

SERVICE-ABLE.  — (Pronounced  as  it  were  two  separate 
words) ;  able-bodied. 

Jim's  hed  to  leave  his  place  an"  cum  hoame  ;  he's  not  service-aable* 

''SESS  'SESSMENT.—  An  assessment ; 'a  rate.. 

M 


470  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SET. — (i)  A  potato,  or  a  part  of  one,  used  as  a  plant  for  a 
future  crop. 

We  did  ewse  to  cut  th'  sets  e'  three  or  foher  peaces,  just  leavin'  'em 
one  eye  apeace,  but  sin  th'  demuck  (q.v.)  hes  cum'd  we  most  gen'lly 
plants  'em  whoale. 

(2)  A  young  plant  of  any  kind  used  for  bedding  out. 

SET. — To  set  a  person  on  his  way  home  is  to  go  a  part  of  the 
way  with  him. 

SET.  pt.  t.— Sat. 

He  set  his  sen  doon  by  th'  fire'side. 

SET  AGATE,  r.— To  set  agoing. 

Cum,  Bessie,  set  that  copper  agaate. 

SET-POT. — A  large  iron  pot  set  in  brickwork  for  the  purpose 
of  having  a  fire  made  underneath  it. 

SET  UPON  END,  v.— To  put  in  an  erect  position. 

Set  that  stee  upon  end  agean  th'  barn. 

SETTEN  UP,  pp.— (i)  Pleased. 

He's  straangely  setten  up  wi'  that  new  top-coat  he's  getten. 

(2)  Provided  with. 

Thaay  was  as  poor  as  poor  till  he  deed,  bud  noo  thaay're  setten-up  wi' 
ivrything  onybody  could  nead  to  hev. 

(3)  Rendered  proud. 

She  is  setten  up,  she  is,  just  becos  a  gentleman  hes  mis-married  hissen 
wi1  her  doughter. 

SETTERDA'  (set-urda).— Saturday. 

SEVEN-YEAR-END.— A  long  but  indefinite  period. 
He  niver  cums  near  me  fra  seven-year-end  to  seven-year-end. 

SEVERAL. — Many;  a  large  quantity. 

Parson :  "Are  there  any  plover  on  Ferry  Flash  ?  " 

Keeper :  "  Yes,  several." 

That  is,  there  is  a  flock,  not  a  few  single  ones. — East  Ferry,  1879. 

SEW. — A  shrew  mouse. 

SEW,^.  t.— (i)  Sow. 

I  sew  th1  oats  broadcast  to-year,  it  was  oher  weet  to  drill  'em. 

(2)  Sew. 

She's  a  poor  creatur,  she  is ;  niver  sew  oht  fit  to  be  seen  sin  she  caame 
fra  school. 

(3)  Saw. 

It  was  when  I  sew  the  dead  biffs  oot  on  th'  pear  tree.—  G.  T.,  Bottesford, 
June  21,  1878. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  471 

SEWER  (seu-h'r),  adj. —Sure. 

I'm  sewer  I  hev  n't  tell'd  him  noht  o'  th'  soort. 

SEWERLINS,  flrff.— Surely. 

He'll  be  goan  agean  soon,  sewerlins. 

SEWERLY,  adv.— Surely. 
SEWGER.— Sugar. 

SEWING. — When  sewing  is  done  with  brittle  thread,  or  other- 
wise so  badly  that  it  breaks  easily,  it  is  said  to  have  been 
done  "  wi'  hot  needle  an'  bo'nt  thread." 

SEE-YA!  SEE  YA  HERE  NOO.— See!  Listen! 

SHACK  (shak).— (i)  A  shake. 

Thoo's  gin  this  taable  a  straange  shak. 

(2)  A  small  crack  in  timber  or  stone. 

That  walnut  treas  so  full  o1  shaks  ther'  's  noa  gunstocks  in  it. 

(3)  A  disorderly  person  ;  a  scamp. 

I  alus  reckon'd  he  was  a  reg'lar  shak,  bud  I've  begun  to  ehaange  e' 
my  waay  o'  thinkin'  along  o'  this  here.  When  thaay  'd  Primroase  do 
at  Norrumby  all  us  foaks  went  to  it,  an'  did  n't  leave  scarcelins 
onybody  i'  toonship  bud  Mrs.  ...  as  could  n't  goa.  Well,  when 
she  "s  oot  fetchin'  coos  up,  bull  to'ns  awk'ard  an'  cums  at  her  an' 
knocks  her  doon.  She  knaws  as  she  's  a  dead  woman  ony  time,  seein' 
as  ther'  is  n't  a  Christ'an  wi'  in  cry  on  her,  bud  awiver  she  falls  to 
screalin'  as  hard  as  she  can,  an'  by  good  luck  ...  is  gooin'  by  an' 
hears  her  an'  tears  i'  to  pastur'  full  pelt  to  knaw  what  's  up.  An'  when 
he  seas  how  things  is  he  catches  hohd  on  a  cloas'-prop  as  Stan's  handy 
an'  cums  tilt  at  beast,  an'  sends  him  clean  oher  like  a  nine-pin.  "  Up 
wi1  ye  an'  run,"  says  he;  "I'll  keap  him  i' tow  while  you  get  tuther 
side  o'  gaate."  Bud  noo  coos  begins  on  her  an'  hypes  at  her  wi'  the'r 
horns  while  she's  runnin'  doon  wi'  blood,  an'  her  cloas  is  all  i'  rags.  An1 
soa  he  hes  to  start  on  them  an'  all,  an'  when  he  's  getten  'em  awaay  fra 
her  soa  as  she  can  up  an'  run,  bull's  upov  his  legs  agean  an'  cumin" 
stright  for  him  lookin1  as  fell  as  thunner.  Well,  he  gies  him  sum'ats 
fer  hissen  an'  then  teks  anuther  goa  at  coos,  an'  hes  to  stick  at 
it  this  how,  while  Mrs.  ...  is  well  awaay.  An*  efter  she  's  gotten 
clear  off  he  to'ns  taail  an'  bolts  as  quick  as  he  can.  An'  what  I  saay 
is,  if  he  is  a  shak  he  's  a  good-plucked  un,  an'  he  can't  be  very  caase- 
hardened,  becos  if  he  was  he  'd  tent  hissen  fra  trustin'  to  God's  marcy 
that  fashion. — June,  1887. 

SHACK,  v.- To  shake. 

I'll  goa  shack  sum  cherries  doon  if  ony  on  'em's  fit  fer  fallin1. 

SHACKBAG.— (i)  A  large  game-cock  (obsolete). 

"  If  one  may  judge  of  the  rest  from  the  fowls  of  Rhodes  and  Media, 
the  excellency  of  the  broods  at  that  time  consisted  in  their  weight  and 
largeness  (as  the  fowls  of  those  countries  were  heavy  and  bulky)  and  of 
the  nature  of  what  our  sportsmen  call  shakebags  or  turnpokes." — 
Samuel  Pegge,  in  Archceologia,  iij.,  142. 


472  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

"  Sir  Hackle's  arm  supports  a  shake-bag's  load." — The  Gamblers,  1777,  52. 

"  Fierce  shake-bag  flap  the  wing." — Ibid,  63. 

Cf.  T.  Lewis  O.  Davies,  Supplementary  Eng.  Gloss. 

(2)  A  worthless  fellow  ;  a  scamp. 

He's  a  real  shackbag  if  iver  ther'  was  one.—Messingham,  1876. 

SHACKBAGGERLY,  adj. — In  a  loose,  disorderly  manner. 

Foaks  is  saayin'  a  deal  aboot  the  shackbaggerly  waay  as  John  ,  ,  • 
managed  that  saale. 

SHACK-FURK.— A  fork  used  for  shaking  manure. 

There  was,  about  the  year  1840,  a  parody  on  the  history  of  the  three 
children  who  were  flung  into  the  furnace,  in  which  their  names  appeared 
as  Shackfurk,  Muckfurk,  and  Away-We-Go.  The  author  cannot  hear 
that  this  unseemly  story  has  ever  been  printed.  He  has  himself 
forgotten  the  words  long  ago. 

SHACK-RIPE.— (i)  Said  of  fruit  so  ripe  that  it  will  fall  off  the 
tree  when  it  is  shaken. 

We  mun  hev  them  pears  pull'd,  thaay're  shack-ripe. 

(2)  Anything  much  decayed. 

"  You'll  hev  to  hev  a  new  door  at  the  clew-head  next  summer,  the  ohd 
un's  gettin'  real  shack-ripe." — A.  W.,  East  Butterwick,  Jan.  19,  1876. 

SHACK-RIPELY.— Decayed. 

We  driv  in  a  shack-ripely  ohd  cart  that  I  thoht  wod  tum'le  e'  bits. 

SHACKLE-BONE.— The  wrist-bone. 

SHACKS.— (i)  The  ague. 

(2)  "  He's  noa  great  shacks'"  said  of  a  person  or  thing  that  is 
poor,  mean,  or  third-rate;  one  little  worthy  of  esteem. 

He's  noa  great  shacks  at  noht,  bud  he's  wo'st  o'  all  at  what  he's  paaid 
for. 

"Ten  years  ago  the  young  Whig  was  'non  sordidus  auctor,'  consider- 
able shakes,  but  now  they  are  all  asses."— Blackwood's  Magazine,  1820, 
vol.  viii.,  p.  89. 

SHADE.— A  shed. 

under  the  harra's  in  the  sand  shaade. 

SHAFF.— (i)  Nonsense;  loose  talk. 
(2)  A  shaft. 

SHAFFL1NG,  adj.— Shuffling. 

If  it's  shafflingtricks  you're  talkin'  on  I'll  uphohd  it  ther'  was  niver  e' 
this  earth  ony  body  to  beat  ohd  Squire  ...  at  them  gams.  Why, 
he  got  hohd  o'  th'  land  belongin'  to  ...  chapil  an'  then  bon't  th' 
writin's^so  as  noabody  could  get  no  reight  end  o'  noht ;  an'  he  stopp'd 
up  foaks's  watter  coorses,  an'  then  swoore  'em  doon  thaay'd  no  reight  o' 
flow  that-a-waays. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  473 

SHAFT-EAR. — The  iron  hook  or  ring  at  the  end  of  the  shafts 
of  a  cart,  by  which  the  first  horse  pulls. 

SHAFT-HORSE. — The  horse  in  a  team  which  goes  between 
the  shafts. 

SHAG. — (i)  The  loose  fringe  at  the  end  of  a  web  of  cloth,  &c. 

(2)  The  ear  of  oats. 

(3)  A  mass  of  hair  that   has   become  entangled  or  clotted 
together. 

That  foal's  cuver'd  wi'  shags,  he'll  look  poonds  better  when  thaay've 
cum'd  off. 

"And  then  shag  to  shag  descended  down  between  the  tangled  hair 
and  frozen  crusts." — John  A.  Carlyle,  Dante,  Inferno,  canto  xxxiv. 

SHAG-FOAL. —  (i) — A  foal  with  its  first  year's  coat  on. 
(2)  A  hobgoblin  like  a  foal. 

SHAKERS.— Trembling  grass. 

SHAKY,  adj. — (i)  Feeble  through  illness  or  age. 
(2)  Poor ;  impoverished. 

SHAM'LES.— Shambles. 

SHAMMOCKING,  adj.— Slovenly;  of  awkward  gait. 

SHANDRY.— A  spring-cart. 

SHANDY,  adj.— Half-crazy. 

SHANK'S-GALLOWAY,  SHANK'S-MARE,  SHANK'S- 
HERSE,  SHANK'S-PONY,  SHANK'S-NAG.— A  man 
is  said  to  ride  on  one  of  the  above  animals  when  he  goes 
on  foot. 

"Here  again  we  must  travel  post,  in  a  cart,  on  horseback,  or  on 
shank's  nagie." — Blackwood's  Mag.,  1820,  vol.  vi.,  p.  570. 

SHAP.— SHAPE. 

He's  sent  hoame  that  theare  wesh-tub.  Did  ta  iver  see  oht  e'  sich 
'n  a  shap  e'  all  thy  life  ? 

SHARP.— (i)  Quick  in  motion. 

Noo,  Mary,  be  sharp  wi'  that  pitcher,  I'm  as  dry  as  a  fish. 
(2)  Quick  in  intellect. 

He's  sharp  at  readin'  an1  writin',  bud  no  ewse  at  all  at  figurein'. 

SHARPS. — Very  coarse  flour  containing  a  considerable 
quantity  of  bran, 


474  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SHAR-THACK. — A  kind  of  coarse  grass,  perhaps  identical 
with  Star-thack  (q.v.) 

SHAV, //.  (shavs).— A  shaft. 

SHAW. — (i)  A  wood  (obsolete).  Still  used  in  place-names  ; 
e.g.,  Bell  Shaw  Wood  in  the  parish  of  Belton  ;  Beckenham 
Shaw  Wood,  Sea  why. 

(2)  A  show;  an  exhibition. 

(3)  A  horse-fair  held  at  Scotter,  on  the  sixth  of  July,  is  called 
Scotter  Shaw,  that  is  show.     A  charter  for  this  fair  was 
granted  by  Richard  I.,  Monasticon  Anglicanum  j.,  392. 

(4)  A  kind  of  potato  said  to  have  taken  its  name  from  the 
person  who  raised  it  from  seed. 

SHAWL. — An  old  woman  who  was  present  at  a  service  in 
Redbourne  church,  in  which  the  Bishop  of  Lincoln  took  a 
part,  dressed  in  mediaeval  episcopal  vestments,  was  heard 
to  say,  "  His  shawl's  real  pratty,  but  I  doant  think  much  to 
his  bonnit. ' 

SHAW  WILLING,  phr.—To  be  willing  ;  to  shew  willingness. 
I'll  goa  if  I  can,  that  '11  shaw  willing. 

SHE. — She  is,  I  think,  never  used  for  her.  If  it  occurs  at  all 
it  is  probably  a  lately  introduced  idiom.  The  feminine 
pronouns  she  and  her  are  used  for  many  inanimate  things, 
as  an  oven,  a  clock,  a  stee,  a  pianoforte,  a  suff,  and  a 
church  bell.  See  HE. 

SHEAF,  v. — To  tie  corn  in  sheaves. 

Stir  your  sens,  I  mean  to  hev  this  cloas'  sheafed  to  neet. 

SHEAF-ARSE.— The  bottom  of  a  sheaf. 

Go  tell  Sam  to  chuck  th1  stocks  ohere'th'  Hoss-Cloase,  th'  sheaf '-arses 
is  as  weet  as  muck. 

"  One  can  scarce  tell  which  is  the  heade  and  which  is  the  arse  of  the 
sheafe." — Best's  Farming  Book  (Surtees  Soc.),  49. 

SHEAR. — A  sheep  once  shorn  is  called  a  one-shear  sheep,  twice 
shorn  a  two-shear  sheep,  and  so  on. 

"His  four  or  five  shear  ewes  at  585." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric., 

1799,  315- 

"  Sheep,  Mr.  Culley  observes,  generally  renew  their  first  two  teeth 
from  fourteen  to  sixteen  months  old,  and  every  following  year  about  the 
same  time,  until  they  become  three-shear,  that  is,  turn  three  years 
old." — Treatise  on  Live  Stock,  1810,  114. 

SHEAR,  v.  to  cut  corn  with  a  sickle. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  4?5 

SHEARER. — A  reaper  with  a  sickle,  not  with  a  scythe. 

We  ewsed  to  hev  cotton-spinners  an'  naail-maakers  fra  the  West 
cuntry  for  shearers,  bud  noo  ther's  noan  cums  bud  Irishmen. — 

Bottesford,  1845. 

SHEARLING. — A  once-shorn  sheep. 

SHEARS  (shearz). — That  part  of  a  waggon  to  which  the 
shafts  are  affixed. 

SHED. — The  division  of  the  hair. 

SHED,  v. — (i)  To  divide  the  hair  with  a  comb. 

(2)  To  come  off;  said  of  leaves,  hair,  and  feathers. 

(3)  To  drop  on  the  ground ;  said  of  over-ripe  corn. 

SHEEDER. — That  is  she-deer ;  a  female  animal.  Now 
commonly,  but  by  no  means  exclusively,  confined  to  sheep. 

"  They  are  forced  to  sell  their  heeders  and  joist  their  sheeders." — Arth. 
Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  325. 
That  cat's  a  sheeder,  bud  she's  niver  hed  ony  kitlin's. 

SHEEP-DRESSING.— A  fluid  used  to  kill  insects  in  the  wool 
of  sheep. 

SHEEP-DYKE,  SHEEP-WESH.— A  place  in  a  stream  or 
pond  where  sheep  are  washed. 

My  faather  maade  a  sheep-dyke  i'  th'  second  Marsh  cloase,  bud  it  has 
been  filled  in  this  five-an'-tho'ty  year.— Bottesford,  June  18,  i88/. 
Ther's  a  good  sheep-wesh  e'  Scotter  toon,  agean  th'  ohd  brig. 

SHEEP-FAG.— A  parasitic  insect  that  infests  the  wool  of 
sheep. 

SHEEP-MARK.— An  order  was  made  by  the  Bottesford  Manor 
Court,  in  1550,  that  no  one  should  turn  his  sheep  into  the 
Marsh  without  their  being  distinguished  by  the^  mark  of 
their  owner.  A  similar  regulation  was  made  in  many 
other  manors.  When  the  commons  were  unenclosed  it  was 
necessary  for  everyone  who  had  a  right  of  pasture  to  have 
a  sheep-mark  that  could  be  easily  distinguished  from  those 
of  his  neighbours. 

A  letter  written  by  Archbishop  Cranmer,  probably  in  1534,  shows 
that  these  marks  were  sometimes  used  for  other  purposes.  He  says  : 
"  Touching  my  commission  to  take  oaths  of  the  King's  subjects  for  His 
Highness'  succession,  I  am  by  your  last  letters  well  instructed,  saving 
that  I  know  not  how  I  shall  order  them  that  cannot  subscribe  in 
writing;  hitherto  I  have  caused  one  of  my  secretaries  to  subscr[ib]e 
for  such  persons,  and  made  them  to  write  their  shepe-mark  or  some 
other  marks  as  they  can  .  .  .  scribble.  Now,  would  know  whether 
I  shall,  instead  of  subscription,  take  their  seals."— Cranmer,  Miscel- 
laneous Writings  (Parker  Soc.),  291, 


476  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

Some  of  the  cattle-marks  of  the  towns  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Boston  are  engraved  in  Thompson's  Hist.,  Boston,  1856,  642. 

There  is  much  information  concerning  the  sheep-marks  of  the  North- 
West  of  England  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Cumberland  and  Westmoreland 
Antiquarian  and  Archaological  Society,  ij.  171,  354- 

SHEEP-SALVE. — Ointment  used  for  killing  fags  on  sheep. 
SHEEP-TROD.— A  path  made  by  sheep  in  pastures, 

SHEETING. — The  linen  or  cotton  web  of  which  sheets  are 
made. 

"Her  home-spun  sheeting,  recent  from  the  loom.1'— 

James  Hurdis,  The  Favourite  Village,  1800,  146. 
"  Can  your  lady  patch  hearts  that  are  breaking 

With  handfuls  of  coals  and  rice, 
Or  by  dealing  out  flannel  and  sheeting, 
A  little  below  cost  price." 

Charles  Kingsley,  A  Rough' Rhyme. 

SHELF,— "  Shelves  is  high  to-daay,"  a  figurative  expression, 
meaning  there  is  no  food  within  reach. 

SHELL-OUT,  SHILL-OOT,  *;.— To  pay. 

Tell  him  he's  to  shell-oot  or  I  shall  put  him  i'to  the  coort  as  I  did 
Broon. — May,  1887. 

He's  not  a  man  that  '11  stan'  nonsense,  so  you'd  as  well  shill-oot  noo, 
an'  hev  dun  wi'  it. 

SHELVINGS,  s.pl.— Loose  flat  boards  or  frames  which  are 
attached  to  the  bodies  of  waggons  and  carts  for  the  purpose 
of  enabling  them  to  carry  greater  loads. 

11 4  strong  broad  wheeled  carts  and  shelvings."— Gainsburgh  Newsf 
March  23,  1867. 

SHEP.— A  shepherd, 

"  Cook  was  shep  to  Mr.  Sorsby  then,  but  he's  left  noo."  So,  in 
Piers  Plowman,  B,  prol.  2,  the  phrase  "As  I  shepe  were,"  means 
"  As  if  I  were  a  shepherd."  Lydgate  has  it  too,  in  his  "-Chorl  and 
Bird,"  where  the  birds  says  to  the  churl — 

A  chepys  croke  to  the  ys  better  than  a  lance.  See  Ashmole,  Theatrum 
Chemicum,  223. 

SHEPHERD'S  -  DELIGHT,  SHEPHERD'S  -  WE  ATH  ER  - 
GLASS. — The  pimpernel ;  Anagallis  avvensis. 

SHEPHERD'S  PURSE.— Capsella  Bursa-pastoris. 

SHERRIFF-TURN    (obsolete).— "  The    sheriffs'    court    kept 

twice  every  year,  viz.,  within  a  month  after  Easter  and 

within  a  month  after  Michaelmas." — Cowel,  Law  Diet.,  1727. 

"  The  proffittes  of  fayres  and  marketes  there,  perquisites  of  courtes 

leates,  Sheriff es  Turnes  holded   within    Scotter    afforsayd." — Lease  of 

Manor  of  Scotter,  1537. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  477 

SHERT  (shert),  adj.—(i)  -Short. 

Neets  is  gettin1  shert  noo. 
(2)  Hasty  in  temper. 

Oor  missis  is  uncommon  shert  to-daay  ;  she  was  fit  to  snap  my  head 
off  as  soon  as  she  cum  doon  e1  th'  mornin',  an'  noht's  suited  her  sin'. 

SHET.— A  shirt. 

I'm  not  agooin  to  do  onything  o'  soort,  an'  soa  you  nead  n't  tew  yer 
sliet,  i.e.,  you  need  not  trouble  yourself  about  it. 

SHIFT. — A  term  of  work.  When  one  set  of  men  are  employed 
at  any  work  and  are  replaced  by  another  set  of  men  at  the 
same  work,  each  set  is  called  a  shift.  At  iron-furnaces  and 
other  works  where  labour  has  to  be  continued  night  and 
day,  the  day-labourers  are  called  the  day-shift,  and  the  night- 
labourers  the  night-shift.  This  word  is  used  in  Yorkshire, 
and  probably  all  over  England. 

SHIFT,  v. — To  move. 

Noo  then  shift,  can't  ye. 

SHIFTINESS. — Craft ;  cunning ;  sometimes,  though  rarely, 
used  in  a  good  sense. 

SHIFTY,  adj. — Cunning  ;  deceitful ;  sometimes,  though  rarely, 
used  in  a  good  sense. 

SHIG,  v. — To  shirk  ;  to  avoid. 

He's  shigg'd  his  job  an'  goan  to  th'  fo'nisis. 

SHIG-SHOG. — A  pace  between  a  walk  and  a  trot,  or  any 
shaking  motion,  like  it. 

SHILL  (shil). — To  separate  peas,  beans,  nuts,  &c.,  from  their 
pods  or  shells. 

I  was  shillin'  peys  when  he  cum  up  to  me  an'  says,  "  Jaane  will  ta' 
marry  me  ?  "  an'  I  consither'd  a  bit  an'  then  I  says,  "  ay,  Jack,  I  will  if 
ta'  likes,"  an'  wi'oot  moore  ado  he  flings  his  airms  roond  my  neck  an' 
kisses  me.oher  an'  oher  agean. 

"  Will.  Fawcett,  of  Aiton,  yeomn>  for  buying  of  oates  in  the  Kinges 
markett  to  skill  and  convert  in  oatmeal,  without  the  lawfull  license  of 
anie  J.P." — 1631,  North  Riding  Record  Soc.,  iij.,  310. 

SHILL-OOT.— See  SHELL-OUT. 

SHILTER.— A  shelter. 

Ther'  is  n't  a  bit  o'  shilter  for  stock  e'  them  warp  cloasins  that  was 
Heala's. — Burringham,  1879. 

SHILTER,  v.— To  shelter. 

Thoo  mun  rig  up  sum'ats  to  shilter  th1  lambs  fra  the  wind  or  thaay 
'11  be  perish'd. 

"For    .     .     .    skittering  bricks." — Bottesford  Moors  Ace.,  1811. 


478  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

SHIMMEE,  SHIMMY.— A  woman's  shift. 

SHINDY,  SHINE.— A  disturbance  (probably  slang). 
Ther's  most  gen'lins  a  shine  at  Ep'uth  at  'lection  times. 

SHINE,  TO  CUT,  v. — To  live  in  a  more  showy  manner  than 
one's  means  allow. 

He  did  ewse  to  cut  a  shine  wi'  carriages  and  herses  when  he  lived  e' 
thease  parts ;  I  wonder  how  he  like  th'  inside  on  a  jaail  noo  he's  getten 
into  one. 

SHINE,  TO  MAKE,  TO  KICK  U P,  v.— To  make  a  disturbance. 
He  did  kick  up  a  shine  when  Jaane  Anne  run'd  off  wi'  crookle-back'd 
taailor. 

SHINUP,  SHINTY.— The  game  of  hockey. 

SHIT. — A  term  of  contempt. 
He's  a  regular  shit. 

If  I  was  you,  Mary  Ann,  I'd  be  aboon  soortin1  my  sen  wi'  a  shit-arsed 
fella'  like  that. 

SHIT  YOUR  BREETCHES.— The  common  redshank,  Totanus 
calidris,  so  called  from  the  cry  it  makes. 

SHITTLE.— (i)  A  weaver's  shuttle. 
(2)  The  shuttle  of  a  drain  (q.v.) 

Th1  shittle  agean  th'  fish  pond  is  o'  noa  ewse  noo. 
"  The  same  sewer  from  the  foresaid  fields  end  to  the  shittle  shall  be 
diked,  scowred,  and  cleansed     ...     by  Mr.  William  Dalyson." — 
Inquisition  of  Sewers,  1583,  7. 

SHIVE,  SHIV  (sheiv,  shiv).— The  woody  part  of  flax  and 
hemp. 

SHIVE  (sheiv).— A  thin  slice. 

Just  give  me  a  shive  of  bread  and  cheese. 

SHIVER.— A  splinter. 

Ther's  a  shiver  run'd  i'to  my  hand  ho'ts  me  real  bad. 

SHIVER,  v.— To  splinter. 
SHOCK  UP,  ».— To  stook  (q.v.) 

SHOD-CART,  SHOD-WAIN.— A  cart  or  waggon  whose 
wheels  are  hooped  with  iron,  as  distinguished  from  those 
whose  wheels  are  bare  (obsolete). 

"  Nuli  ibunt  cum  auriga  vocata  a  shod-wayne  or  carte  super  le 
hebbels." — Bottesford  Manor  Records,  1563. 

For  unshod  carts  see  Midland  Cos.  Hist.  Coll.,  ij.  29,  325,  362 ; 
Palmer,  Perlust ;  Yarmouth,].  24;  Monasticon  Anglicanum,  iij.  229. 

For  shod-carts  see  Monasticon  Anglicanum,  v.  485;  Archaologia,  xj. 
4375  xlj.  345;  xliij.  220. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  479 

SHOE. — (i)  A  horse-shoe-shaped  piece  of  net  or  lace  in  the 
back  of  a  baby's  cap. 

(2)  A  slipper  for  a  waggon  wheel ;  sometimes  called  a  skid  or 
sled. 

SHOE  LEATHER.— Used  figuratively  for  shoes. 
She's  as  tidy  a  lass  as  iver  troad  shoe  leather. 

SHOG,  v. — (i)  To  move  on  slowly. 

I  mun  be  shoggin';  I  doant  walk  very  fast  noo. 
(2)  A  slow  trot. 

"  The  true  plebeian  shog  which  had  given  himself  and  his  riders  no 
small  degree  of  appetite." — Mackinnon,  Ace.  of  Messingham,  1825,  n. 

SHOLL. — A  piece  of  wood,  whittled  into  thin  shavings,  which 
are  left  attached  at  one  end  ;  used  for  lighting  a  fire. 

SHON,pp.— Shone. 

Th'  moon  shon  soa  it  was  clear  leet,  omust  like  daay. 

SHOOL  (shool).— A  shovel. 

"  I,  said  the  owl, 
With  my  spade  an1  shool, 
I'll  dig  his  grave." 

Cock  Robin. 

SHOOLER.— An  intruder. 

SHOOT,  v. — (i)  To  pare  sods  with  a  paring  spade  (obsolescent). 
"It  is  laide  in  paine  that  none  of  the  said  inhabitants  shall  grave  or 
shoote  any  bagges  beneath  Micle  howses  or  Tripling  howses  or  beneath 
any  sik  betwene  them." — Scatter  Manor  Records,  1599. 

(2)  To  twist  a  rope. 
SHOOTING.— Diarrhoea  in  oxen. 
SHOP-THINGS,  s.  //.—Groceries. 

This  groacer's  licence  is  a  real  bad  thing  ;  women  goas  to  th'  groacers, 
slives  off  wi'  a  bottle  o'  gin,  an'  gets  it  setten  doon  as  shop-things. 

SHORE. — A  prop  or  stay  to  a  building. 
SHORE,  v.~ To  prop  up. 

SHORE,  pt.  t.— Sheared. 

When  my  bruther  was  ill   I   shore  all  his  corn  for  him    my  sen. — 
C.  S.,  Flixborough,  July  30,  1875. 

SHORT  CAKES.— Cakes  made  of  flour,  water,  and  "  short- 
ening." 


480  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

SHORTENING.— Lard,  beef-fat,  or  butter,  put  into  paste  to 
make  it  eat  crisp. 

Caathlics  won't  eat  onything  vvi'  lard  shortenin'  in  o1  fast  daays. 

SHORT  OF  PUFF.— Short-winded. 
SHORTS.— See  CHISSELLS. 
SHORT-TONGUED,  a#.— Lisping. 

SHO'T  (shot),  adj.—(i)  Short. 

It  's  a  dog  o'  must  like  oor  tarrier  nobbut  it  noase  is  shorter. 

(2)  Liable  to  crumble. 

As  sho't  as  cat-fat. 

Sho't  reckonin's  mak  long  friends. 

This  warp's  straange  an'  sho't ;  it  crum'les  wi'  lookin'  at  anearly. 

(3)  Brittle  and  with  a  straight  cleavage. 

(4)  Of  hasty  temper. 

SHOT.— Payment. 

"  On  cast  down  her  schott  and  went  her  wey." 

Songs  and  Carols  of  i$th  Cent. 
(Percy  Soc.),  94- 

SHOULD.— Often  used  for  shall. 

Should  us  two  goa  a  gleanin'  to-daay. 

SHOULD  OHT.— Ought. 

That  bairn  o'  thine  should  oht  to  goii  to  boardin'  school  ;  he  larns  to 
talk  real  plain  wi'  alus  playin'  wi1  farmin'  lads. 

You  should  n't  oht  to  squeal  oot  e'  that  how,  Mary  Anne,  just  becos  a 
black  clock  's  gotten  upo'  thy  frock. 

SHOU'DER,  SHOU'THER.— The  shoulder. 

SHOU'DER-PIPES,  s.  pi— Drain  tiles,  with  a  collar  attached 
to  each,  so  that  they  fit  one  into  another. 

SHOUT,  v.— To  call. 

I  shooted  you  all  over  an'  you  niver  cum'd.  It's  my  opinion  you've 
been  asleap  e'stead  o'  gettin'  on'  wi'  your  wark. 

SHROUD. — A  small  fungus-like  concretion  of  soot  in  the  wick 
of  a  burning  candle,  which  becomes  enlarged  and  red  ;  or  a 
small  piece  of  wax  or  tallow  which  curls  up  at  the  side  of  a 
burning  candle.  Both  these  objects  are  signs  of  death  to 
the  person  to  whom  they  are  opposite. 

SHUCKY.— Mean  ;  shifty. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS* 

SHUT,  v.pp.,  SHUTTEN.— To  shoot.  U3 

I  wish  sumbody  wo'd  shut  ivery  rabbit  as  ther*  is. 

Doan't  hawm  aboot  e'  that  how  wi'  that  gun,  thoo'lKbe  shuttin' 
sumbody. 

It's  my  opinion  as  it's  T  ...  an'  noabody  else,  aslte!  s/ji&lt 
oor  bitch.  ,  . 

SHUTHER  (shudh-w'r),  v.— To  shudder ;  to  shiver, 
SHUTNESS.— Riddance. 

Good  shutness  to  him. 
Good-bye  and  good-shutness. 

Phrases  commonly  used  when  an  unwelcome"  guest  ' has ^ taken  his 
departure, 

SHUTTLE,  SHITTLE.— A  door  which  may  be  raised  or 
lowered  in  a  groove,  put  across  a  drain  for  the  purpose  of 
holding  up  water. 

SHUT  OFF,  v. — To  go  quickly  away. 

"When  he  seed  oor  Sam  he  shut  off  wi'  oot  a  wo'd. 

SHUT  ON,  SHUTTEN  ON,  pp.— Rid  of.  [*) 

I've  bed  th'  rewmatics  a  long  while,  bud  I'm  shut  on  'em  at  last. 
I  should  be  straange  an' glad  to  be  shutten  on  him;  he  cums  here 

clartin'  aboot  ivery  blessed  daay  as  ther'  is. 

"  Given  to  Susan  Stokham,  being  at  her  time  and  ready  to  labour, 

to  get  shuts  of  her,  is. " — Doncaster  Corporation  Ace.,  1655,  in  Tomlinson's 

Done  aster,  p.  150. 

SHUTTEN  UP.--Shut  up. 

"  Its  all  luck,  an'  gen'lins  bad  luck  an'  all.  A  woman  niver  knaws 
what  a  man  is  whilst  she's  wedded  to  him,  an'  thaay  shutten  up  e'  one 
hoose  together,  an'  then  it's  oher  laate  to  rew," — Bottesford,  July  27, 
1888. 

SHUTTS,  5.  />/.— Shutters. 

It's  gettin'  dark,  put  th'  shutts  up. 

"  In  the  Best  Chamber  ...  4  window  shuttes,  an  iron  chimney, 
and  a  pair  of  tongs."— Inventories  of  Sir  William  Fairfax,  bf  goads  at 
Walton,  Yorkshire,  1624,  in  Archaologia,  xlviij.,  136.  ••- •;•••'*' 

SHUT  UP,  v.— To  make  silent ;  to  counteract. 

SHUVEL.— A  shovel.  East  of  the  Trent  this  form  of  the 
word  prevails  over  shool  (q.v.) 

SHY,  v.— To  throw  ;  to  pelt. 

SIB,  adj. — Related  to  (obsolescent). 

Oor  Marmaduke  's  sib  to  all  the  gentles  in  th1  cuntry,  though  he  hes 
cum  doon  to  lead  coals. — Ashby,  1856. 

Cf.  Myrc,  Instruc.  for  Parish  Priests  (E.E.T.S.),  41 ;  Sir  Th.  More, 
English  Workes,  1557,  469;  Ramsay,  Scottish  Life  and  Character,  145; 
Scott,  The  Antiquary,  ch.  xxxiij  ;  W.  E.  Hearn,  The -Aryan  H'ottsehold,  290. 


432  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SICH,  adj.— Such. 

I  doant  think  I  iver  seed  sick  'n  a  fine  bull  as  that  is  as  oor  squire's 
getten  fra  Berkeley. — Bottesford,  April,  1887. 

SICK. — Disgusted  ;  weary  in  mind. 

I'm  sick  to  dead  o1  thease  here"  'lections,  I  wish  ther  was  n't  gooin'  to 
be  anuther  for  the  next  hunderd  year  to  cum'. 

"  He  hath  the  reliques,  and  the  wefts,  and  the  remainder  of  swine 
still  in  him,  yet  he  issicke  of  them,  hee  fights  against  them,  hee  resists 
them  continually,  as  health  resists  sicknesse,  or  as  a  living  fountaine 
resists  the  mud  that  fals  into  it." — John  Preston,  Sermons  Before  His 
Majestic,  1630,  p.  39. 

SID. — The  fine  mud  which  accumulates  in  a  drain  or  gutter. 
SID-HOLE.— A  cesspool. 

SIDE.— (i)  A  district,  as  "  Ketton  side"  "  Gaainsbr'  side" 

"  It  pleased  God  to  interrupt  them  by  sending  Colonel  Cromwell  to 
them  from  Northampton  side." — Rel.  of  Cromwell's  Proceeding  Against 
Cavaliers,  July  24,  1643,  2. 

(2)  A  thing  much  out  of  shape  is  said  to  have  "  neither  end 
nor  side,"  or  to  be  "  all  ends  and  sides."  The  same  remark 
is  applied  to  incoherent  and  ignorant  talk. 

I  wod  n't  hev  hed  th1  ohd  thing  at  noht.  It  hed  naaither  end  nor 
side  belongin'  to  it. 

I  can't  bear  talkin'  to  him  ;  what  he  says  hes  naaither  end  nor  side. 

SIDE  AWAY,  SIDE  UP.— To  put  away ;  to  put  in  order. 
I've  nobbut  just  sided  dinner-things  awaay. 
Side  up  yer  things  noo,  it's  bed  time. 

SIDEBOARDS,  s.  pi. — Loose  boards  sometimes  attached  to 
the  sides  of  carts  and  waggons  to  increase  their  capacity. 

"  i  waggon  with  shelvings  and  sideboards." — Gainsburgh  News,  March 
23,  1867. 

SIDELINGS.— By  the  side  of. 

Butterwick  Moors  runs  sidelin's  o'  th'  Haale  o'must  th'  whoale 
length  on  it. 

"  3yf  any  connyng  man  of  |)O 
Stande>  stille,  or  sidlyng  can  go, 
He  may  stande  on  J>e  brynkes 
All  so  lange  as  hym  god  }>ynkes." 

Robert  Manning,  of  Brunne, 
Story  of  Eng.,  i.,  361. 

SIDE,  PAIN  IN. — When  any  one  is  weary  of  a  long  story,  or 
one  that  he  has  heard  many  times  before,  he  exclaims,  "  I've 
a  pain  in  my  side." 

He  begun  saayin'  th'  saame  thing  oher  and  oher  agean  aboot  Miss 
Braddon  books,  so  I  says  to  him,  "  I've  a  paain  e'  my  side,"  an'  leaves 
him  to  talk  to  my  lasses. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  488 

SIDE-POCKET. — A  large  loose  pocket  worn  by  a  woman 
under  her  gown. 

Go  up  stairs,  Sarah,  an'  fetch  th'  nutmeg  oot  o'  ray  Sunda'  side-pocket. 

Anything  very  useless  is  said  to  be  "of  no  moore  ewse  then  a  side- 
pocket  is  to  a  toad." 

A  person  dressed  in  a  very  absurd  manner  is  said  to  look  like  a  sow 
wi1  side-pockets. 

SIDE  SLIP,  ON  TH'.— Somewhat  on  the  side  of. 

On  the  side  slip  o'  Wroot. 

"  The  scite  of  this  manor  house  being  placed  on  the  side  slipp  of  a 
rising  ground." — Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Wimbledon,  1649,  in  Archaologia, 
x.,  434. 

SIDES,  TO  HAVE  TWO.— "  To  have  two  sides"  is  to  take 
different  views  of  a  matter,  and  so  to  quarrel. 

We  nearly  hed  two  sides  aboot  Roaver,  'cos  Jim  wo'd  gie  him  butter'd 
caake  at  tea-rime. 

SIDE-W AVERS,  s.  //.—Purlins.     See  Glossary  of  Architecture. 
SIDE-WIPE.— A  sarcasm. 

SIGHT. — A  great  quantity.     See  SEET. 

"An  infinite  sight  of  rare  flowers." — Wm.  Stukeley,  Memoirs,  1752, 
(Surtees  Soc.),  j.  83. 

SIGN,  v. — To  assign.  It  is  often  impossible  to  tell  when  this 
word  is  used  whether  assign  or  sign  is  meant.  In  a  sentence 
like  "  He  signed  his  property  to  his  son,"  either  assignment 
or  signature  may  be  in  the  mind  of  the  speaker. 

SIGNIFY. — "  So  it  does  not  signify"  is  a  strong  form  of  clinching 
an  order,  argument,  or  affirmation. 

I'll  hev  all  my  sarvants  in  by  nine  o'clock,  so  it  dnz  not  signify.  Them 
as  duz  n't  like  it  can  leave. 

SILE. — A  wooden  bowl  with  a  linen  bottom  used  for  straining 
milk. 

SILE,  v. — (i)  To  strain  milk. 

(2)  To  rain  heavily  and  steadily  with  drops  very  near  together. 
Cf.  Rob.  Ferguson,  River  Names  of  Europe,  168. 

"What  kind  on  a  daay  was  it  here  on  Frida',  Mary  ?"  "  It  siled 
doon  all  day  long  as  fast  as  it  could  power." 

(3)  To  fall  as  heavy  rain  does. 

14  By  the  spring  head,  whose  water,  winter-chill, 
Boils  up  the  white  sand  that  is  never  still, 
Now  swimming  up  in  silver  threads,  and  then 
Slow  siling  down  to  bubble  up  again." 

John  Clare,  The  Memory  of  Love. 


484  MANLEY  AN-D  CORRINGH-AM--  WORDS. 

(4)  To  faint. 

She  sited  reight  doon,  an'  fell  into  a  panshion  o'  paaste  afoore  th' 
kitchen  fire. 

She  used  to.  like  to  pretend  to  be  a  jaady,  an'  wo'd  site  awaay  when 
iver  oht  com  to  vex  her. 

.!'^he.5^;on.  the  floor.",:; 

John  Clare,  Crazy,  N-e.U.- 

SILL.-(i)  The  threshold  of  a  door. 

(2)  The  bottom  part  of  the  frame  of  .a  window.   .:,-. 

(3)  The  bottom  part  of  a  fixed  bench,   pew,   or  other  like 
wood  en1  erection. 

(4)  .The   bottom   part   of    a   plough   which   slips  ,  along   the 
J  ground  in  ploughing. 

iSILiL-HAJSIK.'-r-The  liocxks  in  -the  ;  shafts  Of  a  cart  or  waggon 
for  the  shaft  horse  to  pull  by. 


,—  A  child's  CAUL  (q.v.) 
SILLYING-ABOUT,  prest.  ^w*.  -Acting  foolishly. 


SILT,—  (i)  Sandy  warp. 

(2)  A   sandy  stratum,    containing   much  .water,    which   lies 

•  ,   below  the  clay  bed,  and  above  the  gypsum  in  the  -Trent 

Valley. 

-SIMPLE-SIDES.—  A  foolish  person. 

........._..  .  .      .   .  .  5     • 

SIMPS,  s.  ^/.—Shrimps. 

SIN,  adj.  —  Since. 

."  .Faatherless  a'  mutherless, 

Born  wi'  oot  a  skin,.    ..'..-.       ... 
Spok'  when  it  caame  i'to  th'  wo'ld,  . 

-  —  ......    :  .....  .....  An'  niver^pok'  sin''--   -  .....  -    .     -  wI12 

The  answer  is  crepitus  ventris. 

SINGER.—  A  chorister.  ..   .  .    ,. 

SINGLING.—  When  turnips  are  sown  much  more  seed  is  iised 
than  is  required  ;  when  they  come  up  men  with  hoes 
:  "  strike  "  them,  that  is,  cut  up  most  of  those  not  required. 
After  them  follow  boys  who  pull  up  such  of  the  remainder 
as  are  not  wanted  to  grow.  This  latter  process  is  called 
singling. 

"Their  boys  and  girls   released    from      .      .      .      "  wicking  "  and 
"  singling  "  turnips."  —  John  Markenfield,  iij.,  113. 

SING  OUT,  v.—  To.  call  out. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  485 

SING  SMALL,  v. — To  retract;  to  give  in. 

SINK,  SINKER,  SINKLER,  SINK-STONE,  SINK- 
HOLE.— (i)  A  drain  for  carrying  off  dirty  water. 

(2)  A  stone  table  with  a  ledge  round  it,  fitted  with  a  drain 
for  carrying  off  dirty  water;  used  as  a  table  for  washing 
dirty  crockery  upon. 

"  ij  alter  stones,  one  Mr.  Sheffield  haith  made  a  sinck  of  in  his  kitchine 
and  thother  maketh  a  bridge  in  the  towne." — Croxby,  Monumenta 
Superstitionis,  1566,  p.  65. 

(3)  The  quantity  of  hemp  or  flax  sunk  in  one  place  at  one 
time. 

"Drowned  in  a  hempe  pitt  neare  a  litle  sinke  of  hempe." — Haxey, 
ijth  cent.,  Coroner's  Inquest  'Papers,  Add.  MS.,  31,028,  fol.  7. 

SINK,  v. — To  sink  hemp  or  flax  is  to  put  it  in  a  pond  or  drain 
with  turves  on  the  top  to  weight  it  for  the  purpose  of 
rotting  the  non-fibrous  parts  from  the  stalk. 

"  That  no  man  synke  anie  hempe  that  is  bought  out  of  the 
lordshippe  in  the  North  more." — Scatter  Manor  Records,  1578. 

SINK  IT.— 'Od  sink  it.     A  curse. 
SINKSTONE.— See  SINK  (i). 
SINNEY.— A  sinew. 

SINNEY  GRAWD.— Stiff  in  the  sinews  or  joints. 

Thoo  'd  better  be  exercisin'  that  knee  o'  thine,  or  it  '11  be  gettin1  sinney 
grawd  as  sewer  as  can  be. 

SIPE,  v. — To  ooze  ;  to  percolate  ;  to  dribble. 

Th'  waiter's  nasty;  sum'ats  bad  mun  be  sipcin*  i'to  th'  well. 
Th'  left  hand  beer-barril  sipes  real  bad. 

SISS. — (i)  A  hissing  noise  made  to  excite  a  dog. 

(2)  A  noise  made  by  grooms  when  they  are  engaged  rubbing 
down  horses. 

(3)  The   noise  made   by  steam   escaping   through   a   kettle 
spout,  or  the  safety  valve  of  an  engine. 

SISS,  SISSLE,  v. — To  hiss  as  a  snake  or  a  kettle. 

I  doant  at  all  beleave  e'  iverlastin'  punishment  o'  fire ;  it  wo'd  bo'n 
ye  all  up,  an'  ther'd  be  a  end  on  it.  I  beleave  it  is  'at  ther'  '11  be  all 
soorts  o'  great  elephants  an'  snaakes,  an"  dragons,  a  sissin*  at  ye,  an' 
turmentin1  ye. — 1875. 

SITHA,  SEE  THOU.— See  Notes  and  Queries,  vjs.,  x.,  164. 
Sit  ha  !  sitha  I  mun,  how  it  lightens  ! 

SITHERS.— Scissors. 


486  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SITTING  OF  EGGS. — The  number  of  eggs  on  which  any 
domesticated  bird  sits.  A  hen  must  have  thirteen,  other- 
wise the  incubation  will  be  unlucky.  But  with  thirteen  she 
will  have  twelve  chickens  and  one  bad  egg. 

SIT  UNDER,  v. — To  attend  the  ministration  of  any  one  at 
church  or  chapel. 

We've  no  truble  aboot  can'les  an'  sich  kelter,  you  see  ;  we  sit  under  a 
Christ'n  minister  "at  preaches  the  real  gospel. 

'SIVVER,  adv.  or  conj. — Howsoever  ;  whether. 

Sivver  it  dees  or  lives  I  sha'n't  alter  my  opinion. 

SIZABLE.— (i)  Well  grown. 

"  It  has  stretched  to  a  sizable  tree." 

John  Clare,  The  Old  Shepherd  in  Life  and  Remains,  275. 

(2)  Of  appropriate  size. 

He's  buildin'  his  sen  a  good,  sizable  hoose,  just  as  you  goa  i'to  Brigg, 
this  awaays  on. 

SIZES,  s.  pi. — Assizes. 

He  was  tried  at  Lincoln  sizes  sum  five  an'  twenty  year  back. 

SKEG,  v. — To  peer  ;  to  peep. 

Braade  o'  me,  th'  mare's  getten  sum'ats  amiss  wi'  her  ees ;  she's  alust 
skeggin'  aboot  soa. 

SKEG  O'  TH'  EYE,  BY  THE.— By  sight,  not  by  rule  or 
measurement. 

I  reckon,  sir,  all  thea'se  ohd  carvin's  was  dun  by  thj  skeg  o'  th*  eye. — 
J.B.t  Messingham,  1869. 

SKELDED. — When  a  textile  fabric,  having  in  it  various 
colours,  becomes  blotchy  after  washing,  it  is  said  to  be 

skelded. 

SKELETED.— Like  a  skeleton. 

Th'  poor  fella'   was  clear    skeleted  afoore  he  deed. — Amcotts,  Aug. 
14,  1878. 

SKELL,  v. — (i)  To  twist  as  a  piece  of  wood  warps  in  the 
sun. — Isle  of  Axholme. 

(2)  To  overturn. 

(3)  To  set  on  one  side  or  awry. 

SKELLET,  SKILLET.— A  saucepan.  See  Walker,  Sufferings 
of  the  Clergy,  ij.  399. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  487 

SKELLUM. — A  rogue ;  a  scamp. 

I'll  hev  noht  to  do  wi'  sich  'n  a  drunken  skellum. 

See  Rushworth,  Hist.  Coll.,  pt.  iii.,  .vol.  ii.,  384;  Rabelais, 
Urquhart's  Trans.,  iij.  48;  Wallington,  Hist.  Notices,  ii.  253;  Burns, 
Tarn  ol  Shunter;  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange,  Select  Colloquies  of  Erasmus, 
1711,  p.  308. 

SKELL   UP,  v. — To  turn  up  a  cart  by  the  removal  of  the 
juggle-pin.     See  SLOT-UP. 

Hev  ye  sUelVd  up  that  cart  yit? — Bottesford,  Sept.  12,  1878. 

SKELP. — A  slap  with  the  open  hand  over  the  breech.     Cf. 
Gent.  Mag.,  1825,  i.  396. 

SKELPER. — Something  very  large. 

I  niver  seed  sich  skelpers  as  them  Northum'land  men  an'  wimmin  is. 

SKELPING.— A  thrashing. 

SKELPING,  adj.— Large. 

Thaay  've  gotten  a  skelpin'  big  chech  at  Lincoln,  bud  to  my  thinkin 
it's  noht  to  compare  to  th'  ohd  chech  at  Gaainsb'r. 

SKEP. — (i)  A  wooden  measure  of  capacity;  as  a  peck-skep;  a 
strike-skep. 

"In  1709  two  persons  were  appointed  to  measure  all  the  coals  that 
came  there  by  one  of  the  skeps  that  is  prepared  on  purpose." — Town 
Records  in  Stark's  Hist,  of  Gainsburgh,  540. 

(2)  A  hive  for  bees. 

(3)  A   wicker   basket    used   in    stables   for   carrying    small 
quantities  of  horse-corn,  or  for  removing  dung. 

SKERRYING. — Scuffling.     See  SCUFFLE  and  SCUFFLER. 

SKET.— A  skirt. 

Wheare  hes  ta  been  ?  Thy  skets  is  clagged  w'  streat-muck  up  to  th' 
knees  awaay. 

SKEW,  v.— (i)  To  twist. 

Doan't  skew  aboot  soa,  bairn ;  how  am  I  to  reightle  thy  hair  if  thoo 
duz  n't  stan'  still  ? 

(2)  To  equivocate. 

It  is  n't  of  a  bit  o'  ewse  tryin'  to  skew  aboot  wi'  me  my  lad. 

SKEWBALD.— A  parti-coloured  horse. 

A  new  song  called  Skewball  was  printed  as  a  broadside  by  C. 
Croshaw,  of  York,  about  the  beginning  of  this  century;  it  is  probably 
a  reprint  of  an  Irish  original.  This  ditty  is  reproduced  in  Notes  and 
Queries,  v.  s.  iv.,  115. 


488  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SKEW-BRIG. — A  bridge  constructed  obliquely. 

Ther's  a  skew-brig  on  th'  raailwaay  oher  th'  road  as  you  goa  to  Ketton 
this  a  waays  on. — Messingham,  1858. 

SKEWSIDE,  ON,  adv.— Askew;  aslant;  obliquely. 
He  naail'd  it  on  skewside,  not  fit  to  be  seen. 

SKID.— The  shoe  in  which  a  wheel  which  it  is  intended  should 
not  revolve  is  placed  in  coming  down  hill.  See  SHOE  (2). 

SKID,  v. — To  arrest  the  motion  of  a  wheel  in  coming  down 
hill  by  means  of  a  skid,  or  in  any  other  manner. 

"  To  skid  a  wheel,  to  stop  the  wheel  of  a  coach  or  cart  with  a  hook 
on  the  descent  of  a  hill." — Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726,  sub  voce. 

SKIEF  (Skeef). — A  thin  iron  wheel,  sharp  at  the  circumference, 
fitted  on  to  some  ploughs  instead  of  a  coulter.  The  use  of 
skiefs  is  almost  entirely  confined  to  warp  land,  as  they 
cannot  be  employed  where  there  are  stones.  In  an 
engraving  olThe  Lincolnshire  Plough,  given  in  the  Dictionavium 
Rusticum,  1726,  a  skiff  is  represented.  The  writer  does  not 
seem  to  have  known  its  name;  he  says,  "  The  coulter  is  a 
sharp  turning  wheel  that  cuts  the  roots  of  the  grass  or 
sedge  across  by  its  motion  as  it  goes  round." 

SKIEF  PLOUGH.— A  plough  fitted  with  a  skief. 
SKILLET.— See  SKELLET. 

SKILLY,  SKILLYGALEE.— (i)  Linseed  porridge  prepared 
for  calves. 

(2)  Oatmeal  porridge  given  in  workhouses  and  jails. 

SKIM-MILK. — Milk  from  which  the  cream  has  been  taken. 

"  Craft's  blue  skim-milk  is  best  for  Fools  to  lap." — The  Love-Feast, 
1778,  ii. 

SKIMMING. — See  THIN-FURRING. 

SKIMMINGS. — The  thinnest  sort  of  cream,  used  in  farm-houses 
for  tea  and  coffee. 

11  Put  three  lumps  o'  sugar  in  and  cream,  not  milk-skimmin's." — Mabel 
Heron,  iii.,  13. 

SKIMP,  v. — (i)  To  work  carelessly,  and,  therefore,  badly;  to 
work  without  sufficient  material. 

He's  skimpt  that-thackin1  straange  an'  bad. 

(2)  When  tiles  are  put  on  the  roof  of  a  building  if  they  do 
not  overlap  sufficiently,  either  perpendicularly  or 
horizontally,  they  are  said  to  be  skimped. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  489 

When  John  Smith  built  oor  barn  at  th'  Moors  he  skimp' d  th'  tiles 
soa  that  thaay  are  n't  fit  to  be  seen.  Thaay'll  hev  to  be  taa'en  off  an' 
put  on  agean. — June  21,  1887. 

SKIMPING,  SKIMPY,  adj.— Scanty;  niggardly. 

Ther"  is  n't  a  hoose  wheare  theare's  moore  shimpin'  doins  then  hers. 
He's  skimpy  i'  all  his  actions,  when  ther's  noht  to  get  by  shawinr  off. 

SKIN    ALIVE,   v.— Parents    often     threaten     children    with 
skinning  alive.     See  JOHN  MARKENFIELD,  iij.,  113. 

"  If  thoodoa  n't  cum  off  that  theare  muck  this  minnit  I'll  skin  the 
alive." — Kirton-in-Lindsey,  Aug.,  1853. 

There  is  a  horrible  tale  told  to  children  to  frighten  them  about  a 
boy  who  was  skinned  alive,  all  but  the  palms  of  his  hands  and  the  soles 
of  his  feet.  This  threat  seems  to  be  a  traditional  recollection  of  a 
punishment  actually  inflicted  in  former  times.  "  In  the  romance  of 
Garin,  the  Lorraine? ,  there  are  constant  threats  of  flaying  alive  .  .  . 
which,  however,  one  is  bound  to  note,  are  never  represented  as  carried 
into  effect." — J.  M.  Ludlow,  Popular  Epics  of  the  Middle  Ages,  ij.,  137. 
There  is  a  picturesque  description  of  this  process  in  Havelok,  11.  2476-- 
2503- 

SKIN  AND  BONE.— "All  skin  and  bone;"  that  is,  very  lean. 

SKINCH,  v.— To  stint. 

"  We're  a  bit  skincWd  for  room,"  said  by  a  man  who  had  a  small 
house  and  a  large  family. — Bottesford,  Jan.  18,  1881. 
Doan't  skinch  th'  soap. — Brigg,  1876. 

SKINCHING,  adj.— Niggardly. 

Why  it's  a  new  hoose  anearly,  bud  oor  maaster  got  oot  a  barra'-ful 
o'  snaw  fra  th'  false-roof,  thaay  've  been  so  skinchin*  o'  a  few  tiles. 

SKINGY,  SKINNY.— Stingy;  mean. 

SKIP-JACK. — A  child's  play-thing,  made  of  the  merry-thought 
of  a  goose  or  duck. 

SKIR. — The  whirring  noise  made  by  certain  birds  in  taking 
wing. 

"  Niver  hear  a  pheasant  craw,  nor  th'  skin  o'  a  partridge  wing." — 
Mabel  Peacock,  Tales  and  Rhymes  in  the  Lindsey  Folk-Speech,  128. 

SKIRL,  ».— To  shriek. 

SKIRRIT,  v. — To  cry  out  as  an  animal  does  when  in  fear  or  in 
pain. 

SKIRT. — The  side  of  a  bank,  wood,  or  plantation. 

"None  in  casting  or  amending  the  aforesaid  banks  shall  take  any 
earth  within  two  yards  on  the  skirt  of  them." — Inquisition  of  Sewers, 
1583.  4- 


400  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SKIRTS,  phr. — To  sit  on  a  person's  skirts  is  to  annoy,  baffle,  or 
impede  him. 

"  Te  ulciscar.  I  will  be  reuenged  on  thee.  I  will  sit  on  thy  skirts" — 
Bernard,  Terence,  58. 

SKIT,  SKITTERS.— (i)  Diarrhoea  in  sheep  and  rabbits. 

"They  [lambs]  die  of  the  skit  or  scouring." — Arth.  Young,  Line. 
Agric.,  1799,  376. 

(2)  A  lampoon. 

SKRAUM,  v. — To  throw  oneself  about  awkwardly. 

I  niver  seed  noabody  hawm  aboot  as  he  duz  e'  all  my  born  daays. 
He  dropp'd  a  parshil  by  th'  road-side,  an"  he  skraumed  aboot  all  legs  an' 
airms  getherin'  things  up  agean,  as  thof  he'd  been  a  spider. 

SKREED. — (i)    A  shred;    along  and  narrow  piece  of  board, 
paper,  cloth,  or  any  such  thing. 

(2)  A  long  and  narrow  enclosure.     At  Ashby  in  the  parish 
of  Bottesford  there  was  a  long  and   narrow  pasture-field 
called  the  Skreeds.     It  is  now  for  the  most  part  built  over, 
and  some  of  it  is  called  Kirton  Terrace. 

"Any  freeboard,  screed,  or  parcel  of  land  left  on  the  outside  of  the 
fences." — Epworth  Enclosure  Act,  1795,  25. 

"Mr.  Thomas  Peacock  .  .  .  did  some  time  since  give  unto  Mr. 
Edward  Robson,  of  the  township  of  Yaddlethorpe,  a  certain  narrow 
screed  of  land  from  his  Old-street  Close,  in  the  township  of 
Yaddlethorpe." — Memorandum,  circa  1823. 

(3)  A  narrow  plantation. 

Them  screeds  o1  Scotch  firs  at  Cleatham  wants  fellin' ;  thaay've  gotten 
the'r  growth. 

(4)  A  long  tale ;  a  long  piece  of  verse  or  prose. 

John  Marcham  ewsed  to  hev  straange.  slweeds  to  tell  aboot  what  th' 
Morla's  of  Holme  did  i'  fermer  times. 

Th'  bairn  wo'd  saay  skreeds  o'  poeterry  for  a  daay  thrif,  if  onybody 
wo'd  listen  to  him. 

"  Long  skreeds  from  Dante  and  Ariosto." — Mortimer  Collins,  Frances, 
J-.  239- 

(5)  A  cap  frill,  or  any  frilled  border. 

SKREEK,  SKREAK.— A  harsh  scream;  a  shriek. 

She  mad'  sich  an  a  skreck,  I  thoht  noht  else  bud  she'd  killed  her  sen. 
"  I  fear  lest  this  fellow  should  perceiue  her  to  be  in  labour,  if  he  should 
often  hear  her  scrikes." — Bernard,  Terence,  338. 

SKREEK,  SKREAK,  v.— To  shriek. 

Th'  fo'st  time  I  iver  seed  a  hare  shutten  was  e'  Dicky  Barley  corner 
cloase,  wheare  th'  brick-yard  is  noo,  an1  she  skreek'd  oot,  as  I  thoht,  for 
all  th'  warld  like  a  cat  yawlin'. 

SKREEL. — A  screen  for  dressing  corn,  or  for  separating  the 
rger  from  the  smaller  stones  in  a  gravel-pit 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  401 

SKREEL,  SKREAL,  v.— To  scream. 

SKREELINGS. — Screenings  ;  that  is  the  small  gravel  which 
goes  through  the  skreel  when  gravel  is  skreened.  The  larger 
stones  are  used  for  mending  the  highways,  the  small  pebbles, 
or  skreelings,  are  employed  for  footpaths  and  walks  in 
gardens. 

SKULK,  v.—(i)  To  bend  the  head. 

Thoo  mun  skulk  as  ta  goas  thrif  th'  door-stead,  or  thoo'll  hit  thy  sen. 
A  goose  wo'd  skulk  if  it  was  gooin'  thrif  a  barn  door. 

(2)  To  hide  oneself. 

I  heard  th'  missis  cumin',  soa  I  skulk't  behind  a  green  trea  ther' was. 

SKYME  (skeim).— (i)  To  squint. 

(2)  To  scowl. 

(3)  To  look  out  of  the  eye-corners ;    to  give  stealthy  and 
furtive  glances. 

I  seed  her  skyming  at  me  as  I  went  by,  bud  she  niver  spok. 

SKY-WANNOCK.— A  person  is  said  to  tumble  down  sky- 
wannock  when  he  falls  with  legs,  arms,  and  clothes  flying 
about  in  an  ungraceful  manner. 

I  was  ridin'  wi'  him  doon  Sawcliff  Hill ;    his  boss  gev  a  bit  on  a 
stumble,  an"  he  flew  clean  oher  it  head  sky-wannock. — Aug.  18,  1866. 

SLAB. — (i)  An  outside'plank  when  a  tree  is  sawn  into  boards. 
"The  outside  sappy  plank  or  board,  saw'd  off  from  the  sides  of 
timber." — Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726. 

(2)  A    thin    flag-stone    used    for     making    footways,    more 
commonly  called  a  "  Yerksheer  flag." 

SLACK. — (i)  A  hollow  or  depression  in  a  road  or  field  ;  a  very 
small  valley. 

(2)  A  part  of  a  stream  or  river  where  the  water  runs  slowly. 

(3)  The  hollow  of  the  back. 

It's  beginnin'  to  catch  me  e'  th'  slack  o1  th'  back  noo,  an'  it  stangs 
reight  doon  my  leg. — June,  1887. 

(4)  See  SLECK. 

SLACKER. — A  shuttle  or  stop-gate  to  hinder  the  passage  of 
water. 

SLACK-TRACE.— (i)  A  slovenly  woman. 
(2)  A  woman  of  unchaste  life. 

SLACK-TRACELY,  adv.— (i)  Idly. 
(2)  Unchastely. 


492  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SLACKWATER. — (i)  Still  water  in  a  running  stream. 
(2)  The  opposite  to  BACKWATER  (3),  q.v. 

SLAG. — The   refuse   from   ironworks ;    used  in  the  repair  of 
roads. 

SLAIN,  pp.^(i)  Killed. 

My  poor  bairn  'at  was  slaain  wi'  a  boss. 

(2)  Those  ears  of  corn  are  said  to  be  slain  which  are  beaten 
down  before  the  grains  in  them  have  come  to  maturity,  and 
which  have,  as  a  consequence,  little  corn  in  them.     Not 
"  smutted  or  mildewed  corn,"  as  in  the  Craven  Glossary. 

(3)  Corn,  or  any  other  plant  where  the  seedlings  grow  closely 
together,  is  said  to  be  slain  when  so  injured  by  frost,  blight, 
or  overcrowding  as  not  to  be  able  to  come  to  maturity. 

SLAKE.— (i)  To  smear. 

Liza  Ann's  slaak'd  th'  taable-cloth  all  oher  wi'  treacle. 

(2)  To   dry   crockery   or   glass   badly    so   that   dirty   marks 
remain  on  it. 

SLALLACKING.— See  SALLACKING. 

SLAMBAGS. — (i)  One  who  dresses  untidily. 

(2)  An  unworkmanlike  person. 

M     .     .     .     is  a  real  slambags  at  cuttin'  up  a  pig. 

SLAMMOCK. — General  untidiness. 

SLAMMOCK,  v.—(i)  To  be  untidy. 
(2)  To  move  awkwardly. 

SLAP. — (i)  A  blow  with  the  open  hand. 

(2)  The  mark  of  fluid  spilt  on  a  flat  surface. 

(3)  The  act  of  going  with  great  speed  or  violence. 

When  thaay  heard  on  it  thaay  all  run'd  full  slap. 

(4)  "  At  a  slap"  all  together. 

Th'  poastman  wi'  a  letter  fra  my  sun  e'  th'  Indies,  an'  th'  doctor  for 
my  ohd  man  leg,  an'  th1  butcher,  an'  th'  parson  to  praay  wi'  him,  all 
cum'd  at  a  slap ;  an'  top  on  'em  all  ther'  sliv'd  in  th'  tax  getherer  wantin' 
iver  soa  much  for  raates. 

"  But  we  are  losing  our  time  in  describing, 
Here  at  a  slap  we  throw  the  whole  tribe  in." 

Blackwood's  Mag.,  1829,  vol.  viii.,  p.  676. 

SLAP,  adv.— Quite  ;  entirely. 

She  wo'd  goa  i'to  my  room,  an'  ewse  my  reightlin'  coamb  o'  Sunda's 
when  I  was  at  chapil ;  an'  I  should  niver  hev  fun  her  oot,  bud  one 
daay  she  brok  it  slap  e'  two. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  493 

SLAP,  r. — (i)  To  strike  with  the  open  hand. 
(2)  To  spill. 

SLAPE,  adj. — (i)  Slippery. 

"  I  am  very  sorry  I  could  not  get  on  Monday  morning,  it  was  so 
slape ;  I  will  come  to-morrow  morning  if  weather  permits. — Letter  from 
E.  C.,  Messingham,  Nov.  24,  1880. 

(2)  Deceitful ;  wily ;  sly  ;  crafty  ;  smooth-tongued. 

Th'  ohd  man  bed  nobbut  two  suns,  an'  one  was  as  blunt  as  a  hatchet, 
an'  t'uther  slaape  as  oil. 

When  he  hed  to  do  wi'  men  like  you  an'  me  he  was  reight  enif,  bud 
if  he  com  across  little  Billy  ...  or  ohd  ...  he  was  as 
slaape  as  dike  watter. 

(3)  Soft  and  sweet ;  mellow ;  applied  to  beer. 
SLAPE-BOWELLED.— Subject  to  diarrhoea. 

SLAPE-SHOD,   adj. — Smooth   shod  ;    said   of    horses  whose 
shoes  are  not  roughened  for  frost. 

SLAPENESS.— (i)  Slipperiness. 

He  fell  an'  brok  his  airm  that  fo'st  slaapeness  we  had  last  back-end. 
(2)  Craftiness  ;  wariness. 

You  mun  be  careful  what  ye  saay  to  him  ;  he's  as  full  o'  slaapeness  as 
a  lawyer,  a  exciseman,  an'  a  winda'-peeper  all  e'  one. 

SLAP- HOLE. — The   mouth  of  a   drain  for  conveying  dirty 
water  from  a  house. 

When  she  gets  her  back  up  ther's  noa  sich  thing  as  rewlin  her  ;  why, 
that  time  as  Dick  hed  blew  devils,  if  she  did  n't  power  ivry  blessid 
drop  o'  drink  i'  th'  hoose  doon  slap-hoale. 

SLAPPING.— Large  ;  good;  fine;  excellent. 
A  slapping  fine  woman. 
A  slappin'  crop  o'  wozzels. 
A  slapping  fast  trotter. 
A  slappin'  good  preacher. 

SLAPS.— Refuse  fluid. 

SLARE. — (i)  A  scratch  on  ice  made  by  someone  having  slipped 
upon  it. 

(2)  A  smear. 

(3)  A  sarcasm. 

SLARE,  v.— To  make  a  noise  by  rubbing  the  boot-soles  on  an 

uncarpeted  floor. 

(2)  Crockery-ware  when  washed  in  dirty  water  or  dried 
badly  so  as  to  leave  marks  thereon  is  said  to  be  slaved. 
See  SLAKE.  Cf.  Notes  and  Queries,  vij.  s.,  ij.,  2. 


494  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

SLAT.— (i)  A  slot  (q.v.),  3  and  4. 

(2)  A  lath. 

(3)  A  flat  bar  of  wood  such  as  serves  to  support  the  bed  on  a 
wooden  bed-stead. 

SLATE,  v. — To  rebuke ;  to  revile. 

"  Only  think  how  he  went  away  like  a  slated  dog — rated  I  should 
have  said — when  you  only  just  spoke  to  him." — Mabel  Heron,  j.,  80. 

SLATES. — A  person  sent  to  the  prison  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey 
was  commonly  said  to  be  "  putten  under  th'  slaates  ;"  that 
having  been  one  of  the  first  slated  buildings  in  the 
Northern  part  of  Lincolnshire.  » 

SLATTER,  v.— (i)  To  scatter. 

Thaay  've  slatter'd  a  lot  o'  swede  seed  e'  th'  sixteen  aacre  ;  it's  cumin' 
up  e'  a  great  plump. 

(2)  To  waste  in  a  purposeless  manner. 

SLATTERING,  SLATTERY,  adj.—(i)  Wasteful. 

(2)  Rainy. 

"  The  weather  since  being  what  is  commonly  termed  slattery." — 
Stamford  Mercury,  Sept.  17,  1880. 

It's  a  straange  slattering  time  for  hay  and  clover,  mester. 

(3)  Slovenly. 

SLATTERY  HARVEST.— A  rainy  harvest. 

SLAVER.— (i)  Spittle. 

(2)  Wild,  foolish,  flattering,  or  indecent  talk. 

SLAVER,  v.— (i)  To  waste. 

He'd  a  nist  little  plaace  on  his  awn,  clear  an'  all,  bud  he  slaver'd 
aboot  an  got  thrif  it  all  e'  two  or  three  year. 

(2)  To  talk  foolishly. 

"  Let's  have  no  slaverin'  talk  like  that !  " — Ralf  Skirlaugh,  j.,  192. 

SLAVERING -BIB,  SLAVER-BIB.— A  pinafore;  a  small 
piece  of  linen  worn  by  infants  on  the  breast. 

SLAW  (slau),  adj.— Slow. 

SLAWK. — Slimy  weeds  found  in  ditches. 

SLEAD. — (i)  A  sledge  used  for  removing  ploughs,  harrows, 
gate-posts,  &c.,  from  place  to  place. 

(2)  See  SHOE  (2). 
SLEAD  ROOF.— A  sledge  roof. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  495 

SLECK,  SLACK. — (i)  Small  coal,  as  distinguished  from 
roundy  coal  (q.v.)  The  small  coal  used  by  blacksmiths 
is  called  blacksmith's  sleek. 

(2)  Fluid  to  drink. 

Tea  's  straange  good  sleek  for  harvist. 

SLECK,  v.-(i)  To  extinguish  a  fire. 
(2)  To  quench  thirst. 

SLECK-TROUGH.— The  trough  in  which  a  blacksmith  cools 
his  iron. 

"No  sooner  was  King  Harry  made 
Of  English  Church  the  supreme  head, 
But  he  a  blacksmith's  son  appointed 
Head  in  his  place  ;  one  who  anointed 
Had  never  been,  unless  his  dad 
Had  in  the  sleek-trough  wash'd  the  lad." 

Thomas  Ward,  England's  Reformation, 

1716,  38. 
SLEED,  SLED.— A  sledge. 

SLEEK,  v. — To  make  the  hair  smooth  and  tidy. 
Sleek  thy  hair  oot  lass  ;  what  a  seet  thoo  is. 

SLEEPER. — A  piece  of  timber  buried  in  the  ground,  used  as  a 
support  to  any  superstructure. 

SLEEP  ROUGH,  TO,  v.— To  sleep  with  the  clothes  on.  To 
sleep  in  an  outhouse  among  straw,  or  under  sacks,  or  horse 
rugs. 

SLEW  (sleu),  v.— (i)  To  swerve  ;  to  turn  to  one  side. 

Slew  this  end  oher  thease  trees. — April  4,  1868. 
When  it  com  up'n  her  hocks  she  slew'd  roond. 

(2)  To  equivocate. 

He  dacker'd  an'  slew'd  aboot,  an'  soa  I  knew  he  was  leein. — Dec.,  1871. 

SLEWD  (drunk).— Drunk. 
SLING,  v. — To  move  along  quickly. 

SLIP,  v. — To  miscarry ;  used  of  the  lower  animals  only. 

"It  sometimes  happens  that  cows  slip  or  slink  their  calves." — R.  W. 
Dickson,  Practical  Agriculture,  ed.  1807,  II.  488. 

"  Cattle  feeding  upon  ergotised  grass  are  apt  to  slip  their  young." — 
Academy,  Aug.  14,  1875,  173. 

SLIP. — (i)  A  small  piece  of  earth  which  overhangs,  or  has 
partially  slipped  into  a  ditch. 

I'm  not  reg'lar  cleanin'  her  oot,  Squire  ;  I'm  nobbut  takkin'  a  few 
slips  fra  th'  sides. — Yaddlethorpe,  Oct.  4,  1876. 

(2)  A  child's  pinafore. 


496  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SLIPE.— The  flat  sheet  of  iron  on  the  land  or  left  side  of  a 
plough. 

SLIPE  (sleip),  v.— To  slice  off. 

He  sliped  a.  nice  peace  off'n  his  thumb-end  wi'  that  new  knife. 

SLIP  INTO,  v. — To  do  anything  with  great  energy. 

I  mun  slip  into  my  wark  or  it  wean't  be  dun  afoore  neet,  I  see. — March 
27,  1878. 

SLIP   OFF,  SLIPE   OFF,  v.— To   run  away;    to   go   away 
secretly. 

He  slipped  off  io  'Mericaay  wi'oot  ony  body  knawin. 

SLIP  ON,  v. — To  put  on  clothes  hastily. 
SLIPPER.— A  drag  for  a  wheel.     See  SHOE  (2). 
SLIPPY.— Quick. 

Noo  then,  look  slippy,  I'm  i'  a  big  horry. 

SLIP  SIDE.— Somewhat  to  the  side  of. 
Caisthrup's  o'  th'  slip  side  o'  Brigg. 

SLIP  THE  COAT.— To  shed  the  hair;  said  of  horses. 

SLITHER.— (i)  A  slide. 

Th1  magistraates  hes  been  finin1  sum  bairns  for  cuttin'  slithers  e'  th' 
toon  street. 

(2)  A  sneer ;  an  impudent  suggestion. 

Thaay  threw  oot  all  soorts  o'  foul  slithers  at  me. — Burringha'm, 
November  6,  1864. 

"  I  expect  it  is  a  bit  of  a  slither." — Gainsborough  News,  Sept.  25,  1875. 

SLITHER,  v.— (2)  To  slide. 

(2)  To  slip. 

A  chimney-sweep,  who  was  a  town  councillor  of  a  Yorkshire 
Borough,  after  entertaining  Arthur  Orton,  whom  he  believed  to  be  a 
baronet,  said  to  his  wife,  "  Eh  Sally,  my  lass,  we  are  slitherin  into 
society  noo." 

SLIV,  pi.  t.  of  Slive. 

SLIVE  (sleiv),  v.— To  slink  about. 

Jim's  alus  a  slivein'  aboot  th'  hoose  efter  Mary  Jaane. 
"  What  are  you  sliving  about  you  drone  ?     You  are  a  year  lighting  a 
candle." — N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  33. 
"  Now  love-teased  maidens,  from  the  droning  wheel, 
At  the  red  hour  of  sun-set  shyly  steal. 

They  slive  when  no  one  sees,  some  wall  behind." 

John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  34, 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  497 

SLIVERLY  (sleivurli),  adj.— Slinking. 

"Asliverly  fellow,  vir  subdolus,  vafer,  dissimulator,  veterator  " 

Ray,  E.D.S.,  B.  15,  p.  64. 

He's  a  real  doon  sliverly  chap,  I  wo'd  n't  hev  noht  to  do  wi'  him  if  I 
was  you. 

SLOBBER,  v.— To  slaver. 

Get  yer  meat  clean,  lad  ;  doan't  slobber  like  a  bairn. 
"  Nor  bryng  us  in  no  dokes  flesche, 
For  thei  slober  in  the  mer." 

.     .    Songs  and  Carols  of  Fifteenth  Cent. 
(Percy  Soc.),  63. 

SLOCKENED,  //.—Soaked. 

Th'  land  is  that  slockerid  wi'  watter  it'll  tak  a  munth  o'  dry  weather  to 
reightle  it. 

SLOP.— (i)  A  pinafore. 

(2)  A  wide  apron  of  coarse  material  used  by  women  when 
engaged  in  dirty  labour. 

(3)  A  short  smock  reaching  only  to  the  waist. 

SLOP  WASH. — A  wash  of  a  few  things,  performed  at  some 
time  other  than  the  regular  wash-day. 

SLOSH  WAY  ON,  adj.— Awry;  askew. 

The  fo'st  time  I  seed  onything  aboot  it,  his  cart  an1  hoss  was  slosh 
waayon  o'  th'  road. — Northorpe,  Sept.  18,  1875. 

SLOT.— (i)  A  juggle-pin,  q.v. 

(2)  A  bolt  or  bar. 

(3)  Slots,  pi.     The  upright  bars  of  wood  which  support  the 
boards  forming  the  sides  of  a  cart  or  waggon. 

(4)  Slots,  pi.     The  thin  pieces  of  wood  in  harrows  which  hold 
the  bulls  (q.v.)  together. 

(5)  The  place  in  the  mouth  of  a  bag,  or  of  a  woman's  dress 
in  which  a  string  works. 

SLOT,  v.— To  bolt. 

Slot  th'  door,  Mary,  here's  parson  cumin',  an'  I  want  noane  on  him. 

SLOT  OFF,  v. — To  go  away  quickly. 

"  I'm  a  quiet  chap,  and  when  there's  owt  like  that  goin'  on  I  alust 
slots  o/."—Ralf  Skirlangh,  ij.,  284. 

SLOT  UP,  v. — To  turn  up  a  cart  by  the  removal  of  the  juggle- 
pin. 

SLOTTING-NEEDLE.— A  bodkin. 

SLOUCH.— A  broad-brimmed  hat  of  unstiffened  felt. 


498  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SLOUGH,  SLUFF. — The  skin  of  fruit :  a  berry  slough;  a  plum 
sluff. 

SLOUGHT. — A  sewer  ;  a  drain.    Isle  of  Axholme. 

SLUBBER,  v .— (i)  To  kiss  in  a  loud  manner. 

You  slubber  th'  bairn  as  if  you'd  niver  seen  it  for  a  twel'-munth. 

(2)  To  throw  food  about  or  break  it  up  in  a  wasteful  or 
disgusting  manner. 

"  How  vncleanly  they  bee    .     .     .    how  they  will  slubber  &  sosse  vp 
brown  bread  in  pottage." — Benard,  Terence,  160. 

SLUDGE,  SLUSH. — These  words  are  nearly,  but  not  quite, 
the  same  in  meaning ;  sludge  is  mud  of  a  stiffer  consistency 
than  slush. 

SLUFF. — A  wooden  spade  used  by  bankers  (q.v.)  for  casting 
earth. 

This  muck's  that  clam  it  weant  slip  off'n  th'  sluff  when  ye  dig  it. 

SLUG. — A  horse  whose  paces  are  very  slow. 
She's  a  good  mare  to  look  at  but  a  real  slug. 

SLUIES  (sleu-iz),  s.  pi.— Sloes. 
SLUR,  t>.— To  slide. 
SLUSH.— See  SLUDGE. 
SLUTHER.— Watery  mud. 

SLUTHER,  v.— To  slide ;  to  slip. 

Sluther  expresses  more  intensity  of  action  than  slither.     If  one  person 
slips,  he  slithers;  if  two  or  three  fall  over  him  they  all  sluther. 

SMACK. — A  blow  with  the  open  hand. 

11  She  fetched  him  a  smack  with  her  open  hand,  whereupon  he  seized 
her  by  the  throat." — Gainsburgh  News,  March  22,  1879. 

SMACK,  adj.— Quite;  entirely. 

He  tore  his  coat-lap  smack  e1  two. 

SMACK,  LIKE.— Very  quickly. 

I  seed  him  drivin'  like  smack  along  th'  ramper  not  oher  an  hooer  sin. 

SMACK-SMOOTH.— Very  smooth. 

He  says  we  ha'  n't  mawn  th'  Ramsil  well ;  why,  it's  as  smack-smooth  as 
a  gress-plat. 

SMALL-SEEDS.— Grass  and  clover  seeds. 

Small-seeds,  like  ivery  thing  else,  is  a  lot  less  munny  then  thaay  ewsed 
to  be.— May,  1887. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  499 

SMALL  SIEVE,  TO  GO  THROUGH.— To  be  strictly 
examined. 

When  [mester  cums  an'  finds  what  thoo's  been  efter  thoo'll  hev  to 
goa  thrifth'  small  sieve,  I'll  be  bun  for  it. 

SMART-MONEY.— (i)  A  fine. 

(2)  Money  paid  on  a  rue-largain,  q.v. 

SMELL,  v. — (i)  To  seem  ;  to  appear. 

It  smells  as  if  ther"  was  sum'ats  wrong  when  laabrers  can't  get  the'r 
waage  at  sattlin'  neet. 

"It  smells  of  a  lie." — Bernard,  Terence,  18. 

(2)  "Smell  o'  this,  it  smells  o'  dead  men,"  is  a  challenge  to  fight. 
It  is  commonly  accompanied  by  shaking  the  fist  in  the  face 
of  the  person  challenged. 

(3)  "  Smell  a  rat."     To  suspect. 

SMITHERS,  SMITHERINS,  SMITHEREENS,  s.  pi.— 
Fragments. 

She's  brok  my  best  seein '-glass  all  to  smithers, 

SMITTLE,  SMIT,  v.— To  infect. 
SMITTLE,  adj. — Infectious  ;  contagious. 
SMITTLING.— Infection. 

SMITTLING,  adj.— Infectious. 

A  man  had  a  servant  who  was  very  ill  of  delirium  tremens.  The  master 
was  himself  shortly  after  taken  ill,  and  asked  the  doctor  whether 
his  servant's  complaint  was  smittling. 

SMOCK-FACED,  adj.— Pale ;  sickly-looking. 

SMOCK-FROCK.— A  long  loose  frock  made  of  unbleached 
linen,  worn  by  farming  men  and  shepherds  in  lambing  time. 
Butchers  used,  until  recently,  to  wear  blue  frock-smocks,  but 
the  garment  is  now  out  of  fashion,  and  is  despised  even 
when  ornamented  with  gathered-work. 

SMOCK-MILL.— A  windmill  built  of  masonry,  as  distinguished 
from  a  wooden  or  post-mill ;  so  called  because  in  form  it  is 
not  unlike  the  figure  of  a  man  in  a  smock-frock. 

SMOKE-PENNIES. — Smoke  and  reek ;  chimney-money.    See 

CHIMLEY-MONEY. 

SMOKE-REEKED,  a^/.— Smelling  or  tasting  of  smoke. 
Them  broths  is  straange  an'  smooke-reek'd. 

SMOOK  (smook).— Smoke. 


500  MANLEY  AND  CORRLNGHAM  WORDS. 

SMOOR.— (i)  To  smother. 

Thaay  do  saay  that  in  ohd  daays  thaay  ewsed  to  smoor  foaks  at  bed 
gotten  the'r  sens  bitten  wi"  mad  dogs,  bud  I  doan't  knawhow  trewit  is. 

"A  flaming  firebrand  casts  more  smoke  without  a  chimney  than 
within  it.  I'll  smoor  some  of  them."— John  Webster,  The  White  Devil, 
ed.  1857,  P-  44- 

(2)  To  cover  up  plucked  fruit  to  make  it  ripen  faster.  It  was 
formerly  no  uncommon  thing  to  smoor  pears  by  putting 
them  between  a  bed  and  a  mattress. 

SMOOTH,  r.— To  iron  clothes. 

SMOOTING,  SMOOCHIN.— (i)  A  narrow  passage  between 
two  houses. 

(2)  The  run  of  a  hare  or  rabbit  through  a  hedge.    See  SMUICE. 

SMOPPLE,  ^/.—Brittle. 

It's  that  smopple  you  can't  tuch  it,  it  cums  to  peaces  e1  yer  han's. 

SMUDGY,  adj. — Damp  ;  hot  ;  used  regarding  the  weather. 

SMUICE  (smeus). — the   run   of   a   hare   or  rabbit  through  a 
hedge.     See  SMOOTING  (2). 

I  fun  this  here  hare  snared  in  a  smuice  e'  th1  sixteen  aacre  nigh 
Midmoor  drean,  agean  that  thear  owler  tree  as  ther'  is. 

Thaay  thoht  'at  thaay 'd  leet  on  him  yonder,  did  tha'.  Tom  knaws 
a  trick  wo'th  two  o'  that.  It's  a  easy  catch'd  hare  'ats  nobbut  one 
smuice. 

"Traps  in  the  paths  of  woods,  coppices  .  .  .  and  in  the  muishes 
of  hedges." — Gentleman's  Mag.,  1856,  180. 

SMUT. — (i)  A  disease  in  wheat,  in  consequence  of  which  the 
flour  of  the  grain  becomes  a  black  powder. 

I  niver  seed  sich  an  a  many  smuts  nowheare  as  ther'  was  to  year  e' 
Titla'  Sooth  Naathan  Land.  I  dost  bet  oht  if  thaay 'd  been  coonted 
ther'  was  one  head  oot  o'  ivery  three. — Bottesford,  Oct.  20,  1888. 

Smuts  are  much  more  common  on  land  where  the  previous  crop  has 
been  potatoes. 

There  is  a  common  opinion  that  smuts  are  more  plentiful  by  the  side 
of  roads  and  footpaths.  The  writer's  observations  confirm  this.  The 
same  idea  is  prevalent  in  Switzerland. 

(2)  Obscene  talk. 

SMUTS,  s.  pi. — Small  particles  of    soot  which   float   in   the 
atmosphere.     See  BLACKS. 

SNACKS,  s.  ^/.—Shares ;  halves  ;  in  the  phrase  "  to  go  snacks." 
Bill  an"  me  ewsed  to  goa  snacks  at  th'  apples  we  stoale. 

SNAG. — A  projecting  piece  of  wood  from  the  root  of  a  tree  or 
a  post  that  has  been  broken  off. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  601 

SNAGGY,  adj.—(i)  Rough  ;  full  of  sharp  protuberances. 
(2)  Bad  tempered  ;  irritable. 

I  couldn't  live  wi'  a  snaggy  man  like  him  if  I  was  paaid  for  it. 

SNAKE. — The  grass  snake,  never  the  viper. 

Ther'  ewst  to  be  a  vast  o'  snaakes,  an1  hetherds  an'  all,  e1  Brumby 
wood. 

SNAKE  STONE.— An  ammonite. 

Thaay  saay  'at  them  things  foaks  call  snaake-stodns  is  real  snaakes 
ton'd  to  stodn,  bud  I  niver  seed  noan  wi'  heads  to  'em  mysen. 

SNAP.— (i)  A  short  period  of  cold. 

I  think  I  catch'd  this  here  cough  e'  th'  cohd  snap  we  hed  efter  them 
warm  daays.— Bottesford,  March  27,  1888. 

(2)   Food   taken   at   an   irregular   time,   not   at   one   of  the 
customary  meals. 

I'd  noa  dinner,  nobud  just  a  snap  as  I  cum'd  back  agean  thrif 
Blyton.— April  6,  1888. 

SNAP-DOG.— A  half-bred  greyhound. 

SNAPDRAGON,  WILD.— Linaria  vulgaris ;  yellow  toadflax. 

SNAPPLE.— Brittle.     See  SMOPPLE. 
As  snapple  as  a  carrot. 

SNAPPY.— Irritable. 

SNARE,  v.— To  lop  trees. 

George  Emerson  went  an'  snared  Mr.  Soresby's  trees  wi'oot  so  much 
as  iver  axin  leave. 

SNAW  (snau).— Snow. 

When  it  snows  we  say,  "  The  old  woman  is  shaking  her  feather-poke 
or  plucking  her  geese."  A  similar  idea  occurs  in  Germany,  where 
they  say,  "  De  aule  wiver  schiiddet  den  pels  ut.'' — Jacob  Grimm, 
Teut.  Myth.  (Stallybrass's  Translation),  iij.,  1088. 

"  Paid  to  Joh.  Bradepull  castyng  down  snaw  jd."—Louth  Ace.,  1502. 

"  Paid  ij  men  for  brynghyng  of  a  ded  corse  to  town  ]>t  was  found  ded 
in  Hayrgarthers  in  J>e  great  snaw  iiijd-" — Ibid,  1540. 

SNAW,  v.  n. — To  snow. 
SNAW-REEK.— A  snow-drift. 

SNECK. — (i)  A  latch  or  catch  ;  e.g.,  a  door-sneck. 

"The  evidence  shewed  that  the  defendant  had  knocked  his  head 
against  the  sneck  of  a  door." — Gainsburgk  News,  March  15,  1879. 

(2)  A  corner  or  bend;  e.g.,  a  sneck  in  a  hedge;  a  corner  in  a 
close  or  field. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  a  stunt  sneck  e'  th'  hedge  afoore  you  get  to  Blyton 
long  laane  gooin'  fra  Notherup. 
O 


602  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SNEEL,  SNEE.— A  snail. 
SNEEL-GALLOP.— A  very  slow  pace. 

SNEEL-GATED,  SNEEL-SHELLY,  adj.— Trees  are  thus 
spoken  of  when  they  suffer  from  the  attacks  of  the  larvae 
of  the  Cossus  Ligniperda.  In  this  neighbourhood  the  attacks 
of  this  insect  are  almost  confined  to  the  ash,  though  the 
elm,  the  poplar,  the  willow,  and  the  oak  sometimes  suffer. 
Cf.  West  wood's  British  Moths,  j.  48.  Trees  thus  affected 
are  called  "bee-sucken"  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Pontefract. 

SNEER. — The  snort  of  a  horse. 

"  The  mare  she  was  right  swift  o'  foot, 

She  didna  fail  to  find  the  way, 
For  she  was  at  Lochmaben  gate 

A  lang  three  hours  before  the  day. 

When  she  came  to  the  harper's  door, 

She  gave  mony  a  nicker  and  sneer  ; 

1  Rise  up,'  quo'  the  wife,  '  thou  lazy  lass, 

Let  in  thy  master  and  his  mare.'  " 

The  Lochmaben  Harper,  Scott's  Minstrelsy  of 
Scottish  Border,  1861,  vol  i.,  p.  425, 

SNEET,  v.-~ To  sneer. 

SNELL,  adj. — (i)  Keen;  piering;  said  of  wind. 

Them  snell  east  winds  we  hed  e'  th'  spring  hev  back'arded  ivery thing. 
(2)  Quick  ;  sharp  ;  acute. 

That's  a  snell  bitch  you  've  gotten. 

SNEW  (sneu),/*.  *.— Snowed. 

Chaucer  says  of  his  Frankelein — 

"  It  snewed  in  his  hous  of  mete  and  drinke." 

Prol.  to  Canterbury  Tales. 

SNICKERSNEEZE,  SNICKERS.— Words,  now  meaningless, 
used  to  frighten  children. 

If  you  rem'le  ony  o'  them  things  agean  I'll  snickrsneeze  you ;  th'  snickers 
is  all  ready  hingin'  up  e'  th'  passige. 

"  Give  it  o'er,  ye  dull  sots !  let  the  dull-pated  Boors, J 
Snic  or  snee  at  their  punch-bowls  or  slash  for  their  whores." 

Tho.  Brown,  Works,  1730,  iv.  17. 

[This  word  had  a  sense  once.  A  snicker-snee  was  a  large  knife.  To 
snick  is  to  snip  or  cut  pieces  out  of  or  off  a  thing.  A  snee  means 
provincially,  a  scythe.  Cf.  snare,  to  lop.  Snickers  are  snippers,  i.e., 
shears."—  W.  W.  5.] 

11  The  old  family  of  Sneyd  of  Keel,  co.  Stafford,  bear  for  arms  Argent, 
a  scythe,  the  blade  in  chief,  the  sued  and  handle  in  bend  sinister  sable,  on 
the  fess  point,  a  fleur-de-lis  of  the  second." — E.  P.  Shirley,  Noble  and 
Gentle  Men  of  England,  1859,  225. 

SNICKLE. — A  running  noose,  a  snare  made  of  wire,  used  for 
catching  hares  and  rabbits,  also  pike. 


MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  508 

SNICKLE,  ».—(i)  To  snare. 

I've  snickled  mony  a  hare  aside  o'  Winn's  plantin's  an'  niver  been 
fun  oot. 

(2)  To  pucker  ;  to  wrinkle. 

That  paaper's  gotten  raain'd  on,  an1  is  all  snickl'd  up. 
Th'  ohd  dog  '11  bite  ye  if  ye  doan't  mind  ;  he's  snicklin'  up  his  noase 
noo. 

SNICK-SNARLS,  s.  ^/.—Hitches,  loops,  twists,  knots. 
That  skean  o'  wu'sted's  all  snick-snarls. 
I'd  cramp  soa  bad  that  th'  cauves  o'  my  legs  was  all  snick-snarls. 

SNIFF,  v.— To  snuff. 
SNIFFLE,  v.— To  snuffle  (q.v.) 

SNIFFLE  UP,  v.— To  snuffle. 

Noo  then,  Vi'let,  you  gie  oher  that  theare  snifflin'  up.  If  thoo  hes  a 
cohd  thoo  needn't  do  e'  that  how;  ther's  a  pocket  han'kercher  e' th' 
drawers  yonder. 

SNIG,  v. — (i)  To  haul  or  drag  timber  along  the  ground  by 

means  of  a  chain  or  rope. 
(2)  To  hang. 

She  snig'd  hersen  e'  a  pair  o'  bridle  reans. 

SNIGGER,  v. — To  laugh  in  a  half-suppressed  manner. 
Thoo  silly  yaunax,  thoo's  alust  sniggerin'  at  sum'ats. 

SNIP,  SNIPPING.— A  very  small  piece  of  anything. 
SNIZY  (snerzi),  adj. — Looking  cross. 

SNOB,  SNOBBY.'— Sometimes   used   as   a  term  of  insult  to 
tailors.     (Query,  modern  slang.) 

"  Thomas  Smith,  the  husband  of  complainant,  deposed  that 
defendant  began  to  swear  and  use  tantalizing  language  towards  him, 
calling  him  snobby.  Cross-examined  :  They  often  call  tailors  snobbies 
I  expect  it's  a  bit  of  a  '  slither.'  " — Gainsburgh  News,  Sept.  25,  1875. 

The  word  snob  seems  to  have  emerged  from  dialectic  use  into  the 
literary  language  about  sixty  years  ago.  The  earliest  occasion  on 
which  the  author  has  met  with  the  word  it  is  used  as  the  surname  of  a 
vulgar  person. 

"  Sir  Samuel  Snob — that  was  his  name — 

Three  times  to  Mrs.  Brown 
Had  ventured  just  to  hint  his  flame 
And  twice  received  a  frown." 

The  Keepsake,  1831,  p.  307. 

SNOHLER. — Something  very  large,  strong,  or  powerful. 

Well,  this  is  a  snohler. 

SNOOZLE.— (i)  SNUZZLE  (q.v.)     *b 

(2)  To  doze  comfortably. 
SNOT.— The  mucus  of  the  nose. 


604  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

SNOT-HOPPER.— A  pocket-handkerchief. 

SN OTTER,  v. — (i)  To  permit  mucus  to  run  from  the  nose. 

(2)  To  weep  violently. 

SNOW-BALL. — The  Guelder  rose.     Viburnum  opulus. 
SNUFFINGS,  s.pl— Refuse  flax. 

SNUFFLE,  SNIFFLE,  v.— To  speak  through  the  nose,  as 
one  having  a  cold  in  the  head  ;  to  draw  the  air  sharply  up 
the  nose. 

SNUG,  adj.—(i)  Close. 

It's  snug  agean  th'  bean  stack. 

Goa  when  you  will  he's  alus  snug  at  his  wark. 

(2)  Secret. 

Doctors  an'  lawyers  is  beholden  to  keap  things  snug  'at  foaks  tells 
'em. 

(3)  Compact. 

Ther'd  been  so  much  raain  th'  "grund  was  real  snug. 

SNUGGEN,  v.— To  make  compact. 

Them  walks  want  snuggenin' ;  Spencer  mun  traail  th'  rohl  oher  'em. 

SNURL,  v.— To  snarl. 

SNUZZLE  (snuz'l). — To  caress  as  babies  do  their  mothers  by 
pressing  their  faces  against  them. 

SNYDE  (sneid),  adj.— Cold  ;  cutting;  said -of  the  weather. 
It's  a  straange  snyde  mornin',  sir. — Burton  Stather. 

SNYTE  (sneit). — To  blow  the  nose  by  means  of  the  finger  and 
thumb,  without  a  handkerchief. 

He  snyted  his  noase  at  me. — Burton  Stather. 

SO  A,  SOE  (soa). — A  tub  ;  commonly  used  for  a  brewing  tub 
only,  but  sometimes  for  a  large  tub  in  which  clothes  are 
steeped  before  washing. 

"  He  kam  to  the  welle,  water  updrow, 
And  filde  ther  a  michel  so.'1 

Havelok,  932. 

"  A  lead,   a   mashefatt,   a  gylfatt   with   a  sooe   xvs. " — Inventory   of 
Roland  Staveley  of  Gainsburgh,  1551.  Cf.  Dan.  saa,  a  pail;  Icel.  sar,  a  cask. 

SOA  AND  STANG.— A  large  tub,  two  of  the  opposite  staves 
of  which  project  above  the  others  and  are  pierced  so  as  to 
admit  a  long  pole  being  run  through  them.  The  soa  and 
stang  is  used  for  carrying  water  by  two  persons. 

SO  AD. —A  sword. 


MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  505 

SOAK,  SOCK. — Water  which  percolates  through  the  soil,  not 
a  true  spring. 

SOAK-DYKE,  SOCK-DYKE.— A  ditch  beside  a  large  drain  or 
canal,  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  the  water  which 
percolates  through  the  bank. 

SOAKED,  pp. — A  term  applied  to  bread  or  cakes  when  the 
dough  has  not  been  thoroughly  baked. 
Them  caakes  is  n't  haaf  soaked. 

SOAKER. — One  who  drinks  much  without  becoming  drunk. 

SOCK. — (i)  A  furrow  (obsolescent). 

"The  ancient  name  of  the  primitive  plough,  which  consisted  of  a 
pointed,  crooked,  piece  of  wood,  is  in  Lithuanian  szahd,  bough,  tooth, 
prong,  the  end  of  a  stag's  antlers ;  old  Slavic,  sokka,  piece  of  wood, 
stake." — Victor  Hehn,  Wanderings  of  Plants  and  Animals,  ed.  by  J.  S. 
Stallybrass,  p.  435. 

(2)  SOAK  (q.v.) 

SOFT,  adj. — (i)  Moist ;  as,  a  soft  day  ;  soft  sugar. 

(2)  Foolish. 

He's  that  soft  aboot  cats  he  niver  leaves  off  talkin'  aboot  'em. 
"  This  is  the  only  thing  that  he's  sojt  in  ;  he's  as  sharp  as  a  needle  in 
any  thing  else." — N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  277. 

SOFTNESS.— Foolishness. 

He's  noa  harm  i'  him,  it's  nobut  his  softness. 

SOFT-WATER.— Rain-water  as  distinguished  from  spring- 
water. 

SOGGER  (sog-u'r). — Something  very  heavy. 
It  was  a  real  sogger :  it  took  three  men  to  lift  it. 

SOK-DYKE.— See  SOAK-DYKE. 

SOKE. — The  man  or  and  soke  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  extended  over: 

TOWNSHIPS.  TOWNSHIPS.  TOWNSHIPS. 

Aseby  Glentworth  Risby 

Ashby  Greyingham  Saxby 

Atterby  Harpswell  Scunthorpe 

Blyton  .  -    Heapham  Snitterby 

Bottesford  Hemswell  Somerby 

Brumby  Hibbaldstow  Spital 

Burringham  Kirton-in-Lindsey  Springthorpe 

Burton-on-Stather  Messingham  Stockwith 

Butterwick,  East  Missen  (the  part  that  is  in        Sturgate 

Corringham,  Great  Lincolnshire  only)  Waddingham 

Corringham,  Little  Morton  Walkerith 

Frodingham  Northorpe  Wharton 

Gamblethorpe  Pilham  Winterton 

Gilby  Redburne  Yaddlethorpe, 


606  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

In  many  of  the  townships  the  whole  area  was  included  in  the  manor 
and  soke,  in  others  but  a  very  small  portion  ;  for  example,  in  Bottesford 
there  was  but  seventy-six  acres,  and  somewhat  less  in  Yaddlethorpe. 
In  Messingham  there  was  but  "  vnum  tenementum  cum  gardino," 
consisting  of  one  rood  and  ten  perches  and  a  bit  of  meadow  adjoining 
extending  over  one  acre  and  a  rood. — Norden's  Survey,  1616,  fol.  70. 

It  has  been  surmised  that  the  manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  consisted  of 
that  parish  only,  and  that  the  soke  was  the  territory  contained  in  all  the 
other  townships,  but  this  can  be  demonstrated  to  be  a  mistake.  In 
this  instance  manor  and  soke  have,  for  a  very  long  period,  indicated  the 
same  thing.  I  believe  originally  in  this  case  manor  meant  the  territorial, 
and  soke  the  civil  jurisdiction,  but  the  question  is  by  no  means  free  from 
difficulty. 

SOLE.— (i)  The  hearth. 

(2)  The  bottom  of  an  oven.     Bread  baked  on  the  sole  is  bread 
baked  on  the  hearth,  or  on  the  oven  floor  or  shelf,  as  dis- 
tinguished from  that  baked  in  a  tin. 

(3)  The  bottom  of  a  furrow. 

(4)  The  seat  of  a  window. 

SOLES,  s.  pi. — The  wooden  bars  that  support  the  bottom  of  a 
cart  or  waggon. 

SOLE-TREE. — A  piece  of  wood  used  for  sustaining  something 
fixed  to  the  ground. 

Ther'll  hev  to  be  a  new  sole-tree  to  th'  crewyard  pump. 
"  For  a  peice  of  wood  to  make  a  soale-tree  for  the  seates  iijs.  iiijd." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1632. 

SOLID,  adj. — Grave  ;  serious  ;  sad. 

That  bairn  alus  looks  straange  an'  solid  when  iver  it  sees  picturs  o' 
men  feightin' ;  my  opinion  is  he's  lotted  oot  to  be  a  sodger. 

A  person,  on  looking  at  some  photographs,  said  :  "That  theare  little 
lass  noo  hes  a  deal  solider  look  then  Sabina  hes." 

He  can  look  as  solid  as  solid  when  he  's  romancin'. 

SOLID,  adv. — Very  ;  extremely ;  seriously. 
A  solid  hard  job. 
A  solid  hot  day. 
A  solid  great  lie. 
A  solid  big  mare. 
I'm  not  gamin';  I  mean  it  solid. 

SOME. — (i)  A  large  quantity. 

Ther's  sum  stitchin'  e'  thease  boots. 
Ther's  sum  beer  drunk  at  Frodingham  o'  paay  neets. 
By  gows,  ther'  hes  sum  sheep  an'  beas'  goan  to  Scunthrup  this  mornin'; 
this  here  market's  a  gran'  thing. 

(2)  A  very  small  quantity ;  used  ironically. 

We've  gotten  sum  berries  ta  year  hev'n't  we  ?  Just  aboot  enif  to  mak 
a  puddin'  on  that's  all. 

Ther'  was  sum  foaks  at  ther'  Atrocity  meetin',  my  eye.  Ther'  was  th1 
parson,  G  ...  J  ...  an'  six  or  seven  lads  an'  lasses. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  507 

SOMERING. — A  kind  of  apple  which  is  ripe  very  early. 

SON  OF  A  BITCH,  SON  OF  A  WHORE.— Terms  of  abuse 
which  are  used  without  any  reference  to  the  moral  character 
of  the  mother  of  the  person  against  whom  they  are  directed. 

SOON.— Proverb. 

Soon  ripe,  soon  rotten. 

SOORD.— A  sword. 
SOORT.— Sort. 

SOOT  (the  oo  as  in  boot). — Soot. 
As  black  as  soot. 

SOPPY,  04;'.— Saturated  with  moisture. 

SORE,  adj. — Very ;  always  used  relating  to  something  bad. 

11  Sore  poor  talk,  George;  sore  poor  talk!"  was  the  only  reply  ot  a 
farmer  to  an  ignorant  person  who  had  spent  much  time  in  endeavouring 
to  instruct  him  in  agricultural  concerns. 

"  Sore  given  to  revel  and  ungodly  glee." 

Byron,  Childe  Harold's  Pilgrimage,  j.,  ii. 

SORE  EYE.— Eyesore. 

This  ohd  coat's  raather  shabby,  bud  it  is  n't  much  on  a  sore  eye  yit. — 
East  Stockwith. 

SORRY,  adj. — (i)  Painful;  unhappy;  lamentable. 
That's  a  sorry  daay's-dooin,  that  is. 
Well,  you  hev  cum'd  hoame  wi'  a  sorry  taale. 

(2)  Awkward ;  uTiaccommodating. 

He  's  a  sorry  poor  tool  to  dig  wi'.  That  is,  a  very  awkward  person  to 
have  to  get  on  with. 

SORT,  v. — To  associate  with  ;  to  consort  with. 
I  doan't  soort  mysen  wi'  drunken  fools. 

"  Sort  with  such  as  are  able  to  do  or  receive  good." — Sam.  Clarke, 
Lives  of  Eng.  Divines,  1677,  337- 

SO-SO,  inter/.— Hush ! 

SOSS  (sos). — The  noise  made  by  a  heavy  body  falling  into 
water.  Misterton  Soss,  an  outfall  of  a  large  drain  where 
there  are  some  pumping  engines,  may  perhaps  be  so  called 
from  the  noise  of  the  falling  water. 

SOSS,  adv. — Noisily  and  heavily. 

I  troad  on  a  bit  o'  glib  snaw,  an'  I  caame  soss  o'  my  back. 
If  that  stee  braakes  thoo'll  cum  doon  soss. 

"  She  fell  backwards  soss  against  the  bridge." — Tristram  Shandy,  zoth 
ed  ,  ij.,  224. 


,608  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

SOSS,  v. — (i)  To  throw  anything  violently  into  water. 
Tak  that  ramil  an*  soss  it  1'to  th'  Trent. 

(2)  To  prepare  or  eat  food  in  a  dirty  manner. 

•'Doan't  soss  it  aboot  so,"  said  by  a  nurse  in  reference  to  pudding. — 
1840. 

"How  they  will  slabber  and  sosse  vpon  brown  bread  in  pottage." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  160. 

SOUGHING  (sou-ing). — The  noise  the  wind  makes  among  the 
branches  of  trees. 

SOUL-DO. — A  religious  revival  meeting. 

Joey  Maw  was  sent  clean  off  his  head  by  a  soul-do  thaay  hed  at 
Yalthrup  a  few  year  back. — 5.  5.,  Yaddlethorpe,  April,  1877. 

SOUL  INTO.— (i)  To  beat  violently;  to  attack  fiercely. 
(2)  To  do  work  with  great  energy  or  rashness. 

SOUR,  adj. — (i)  Green  ;  said  of  hay  and  clover. 
Th'  gress  is  oher  sour  to  lead  yet. 

(2)  A  heavy,  strong-limbed  cart  horse  with  much  hair  about 
its  legs  and  feet  is  said  to  be  sour. 

Them's  two  as  sour,  fine-looking  mares  as  onybody  nead  want  to 
hev.— May,  1886. 

SOUSE. — The  feet  and  ears  of  a  pig  made  into  jelly,  which  is 
eaten  with  vinegar. 

SOUSE,  v. — To  throw  water  upon  a  person  or  thing;  to  plunge 
a  person  or  thing  in  water. 

"So   shamefully    sowsed    in   the  myre." — Sir  Tho.    More,    English 
Workes,  513. 

SOW. — "As  happy  as  a  sow  e'  muck,"  or  "  in  a  muck  hill ; "  a 
phrase  setting  forth  the  contented  state  of  those  who  live 
for  sensual  pleasure  only. 

SOW,  SOW-BEETLE,  OLD  SOW.— The  Armadillo  wood- 
louse,  Armadillo  vulgaris,  which  curls  itself  up  into  a  little 
black  ball  like  a  pill.  When  the  author's  father  was  a  little 
boy  he  had  these  creatures  alive,  administered  to  him  as 
pills,  for  whooping  cough.  They  are  still  taken  for  the 
same  purpose. 

SOW-DINGLE.— Sow-thistle  (Sonchus  oleraceus),  and  other 
plants  not  much  dissimilar  in  appearance. 

SOW-DRUNK.— Very  drunk.  "As  drunk  as  David's  sow  "  is 
a  simile  conveying  the  idea  of  the  deepest  state  of 
intoxication. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  509 

SOW-GELDER.— A  castrator. 

"  Hoarse  as  a  soiv-gelder's  horn." — Account  of  the  last  distemper  of  Tom 
Whig,  Esq.,  pt.  i.,  10. 

SPANG. — (i)  To  throw  down  violently. 

She  was  mad,  and  spang'd  it  doon  upo'  th'  taable. 
(2)  To  clap  a  door. 

She  spang'd  th'  door  to  so  hard  she  brok  th'  paane  o'  glass  that  was 
in  it. 

SPANISH  JUICE. — A  sort  of  sweet  made  of  liquorice. 

SPANISH  JUICE  WINE.— A  wine  made  of  the  above,  taken 
for  colds. 

SPANK,  v.— To  beat  with  the  open  hand. 
SPANKER. — Something  large,  fine,  excellent. 

SPANKING,  adj.—(i)  Tall;  powerful. 

That's  a  spanking  mare  thoo's  gotten. 
(2)  Extravagant. 

"  He  lives  at  what  folks  call  a  spanking  rate." — Philip  James  Bailey, 

The  Age,  1858,  61. 

SPARE-RIB.— The  ribs  of  a  pig  taken  out  with  little  flesh  on 
them,  and  roasted  and  eaten  with  dried  sage-leaves  and 
apple  sauce. 

SPARROW-GRASS  (often  contracted  to  grass).— Asparagus. 

"  Oh  do,  Mr.  A  ...  let  me  give  you  a  little  more  grass.— 
Burringham,  1856. 

I  have  met  with  the  following  charade  : 

"  My  first  about  the  garden  hops,    % 
My  second  comes  with  summer  crops, 
My  whole  you  eat  with  mutton  chops." — W.W.S. 

SPEAK  (pi.  speaks). — A  saying ;  a  proverb  ;  literally  a  speech. 

A  woman,  on  being  remonstrated  with  for  telling  one  of  her  children 
that  she  would  skin  it  alive,  said,  "  Oh,  sir,  I  doan't  mean  noa  harm  by 
th'  bairn,  it's  nobbut  a  speak  we  hev." 

A  Scotchman  once  wanted  to  marry  oor  Lizzie,  bud  she'd  hev  noht 
to  do  wi'  him,  an'  I  says  to  her,  says  I,  "  You  've  reight  on  it,  my  lass ; 
I  can't  abide  naather  th'  waays  nor  th'  speaks  o'  them  foreigners." 

I  alust  liked  Tom  an1  Jack  for  th'  straange  queer  speaks  thaay  hed. 

SPEAK,  v.— 

"  Speak  when  'tas  spokken  to, 

Do  as  'tas  bid  ; 
Shut  th'  door  efter  tha' 

An'  thoo'll  niver  be  chid." 

A  Child's  Rule  of  Duty. 

SPEAR  LIGHTNING.— Forked  lightning. 


510  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SPEECHED,  pt.  t.— Spoken  to  ;  addressed. 

I've  seed  him,  bud  I  niver  spedch'd  him  'at  I  mind  on. 

"  He  stood  up  upon  the  bulks  in  Westminster  Hall  and  speech'd 
against  him  from  morning  till  night." — Account  of  the  last  Distemper  of 
Tom  Whig,  Esq.,  pt.  j.,  9. 

SPELL. — (i)    A  job   of  work,   or   rather,   the   time   it   takes 
doing. 

I've  hed  a  good  spell  at  suffin' ;  I've  been  three  munths  at  it  wi'  oot  a 
break. 

(2)  The  trap  used  in  the  game  of  trap-ball. 

(3)  A  piece  of  folded  paper  or  thin  chip  used  for  lighting 
candles. 

(4)  The  transverse  bars  of  a  chair. 

(5)  One  of  the  steps  of  a  ladder. 

(6)  A  thin  shiver  of  wood. 

(7)  A  small  wooden  peg  or  pin. 
SPELK.— See  SPELL  (3). 
SPELT,  v.— To  split. 

SPEND  UP,  v. — To  brace  up  the  hames  of  harness. 
SPERRIT.— A  spirit ;  a  ghost. 

SPERRITS,  s.  pl.—(i)  Spirits. 

He's  e'  good  sperrits  aboot  his  taaties  this  to'n. 
(2)  Ardent  spirits. 

SPEW-GREWEL.— A  delicate  and  foolish  person. 

He's  a  real  spew-grewel,  not  good  for  noht  at  all  naather  e'  mind  nor 
carcase. — Bottesjord,  Sept.  19,  1878. 

SPICE. — Sweetmeats. 

The  churchwardens  of  Hollywell,  in  this  county,  made  a  return  in 
1565  that  the  church  service  books  had  been  sold  by  them  to  John 
Craile,  a  mercer,  "  who  haithe  defaced  the  same  in  teringe  and  breaking 
of  them  to  put  .  .  .  spice  in." — Monumenta  Superstitionis,  p.  107. 

Robert  Burton,  speaking  of  the  passion  for  authorship  which  existed 
in  his  days,  says :  "  Not  only  our  libraries  and  shops  are  full  of  our 
putrid  papers,  but  every  close  stoole,  and  iakes ;  they  serve  to  put 
vnder  pies,  to  lappe  spice  in,  and  keepe  roast  meat  from  burning." — 
Anat.  Mel.,  2d  ed.,  1624,  p.  6. 

SPICE-BREAD. — Bread  with  currants,  raisins,  and  sugar  in  it. 
SPICE-BROTH.— Frumenty. 

"  All  plumbs  the  Prophet's  sons  defie, 

And  spice-broths  are  too  hot ; 

Treason's  in  a  December  pye, 

And  death  within  the  pot.'' 

Marchmont  Needham,  Hist,  of  Eng>  Rebellion,  55. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  511 

SPICE-CAKE.— Plum-cake. 

SPICE-SHOP. — A  shop  where  sweet-meats  are  sold. 

SPICK  AND  SPAN  NEW,  adj.— Quite  new;  quite  fresh. 
He'd  a  pair  of  spick  and  span  new  breeches  on. 

SPICKET. — The  inner  part  of  a  wooden  tap.     See  FAUCET. 

"My  noase  runs  like  a  spicket,"  said  by  a  boy  whose  nose  was 
bleeding. — Holme,  1855. 

SPIDER. — "  It's  enif  to  deafen  a  spider"  is  a  remark  made  when 
one  has  suffered  from  some  long  and  uninteresting  discourse, 

SPIDLING. — Earthing  up  potato  rows. — Isle  of  Axholme. 

SPIFF. — Very  fine  or  excellent  (probably  modern  slang).  The 
author  first  heard  the  word  in  the  hunting  field  in  1850. 

SPILE,  v. — To  put  a  vent-peg  in  a  cask. 

11  Going  to  Rossington  to  spile  the  court  ale." — Corporation  Records, 
1772,  in  Tomlinson's  Doncaster,  337. 

SPILE,  SPILE-PEG  (speil).— The  vent-peg  of  a  cask. 
SPILE-HOLE.— The  vent-hole  of  a  cask. 
SPINDLE.— A  round  step  in  a  ladder. 

SPINDLE,  v. — (i)  To  shoot  up  into  a  stalk. 
Wheat's  spin'lin'  fast  t'  year. 

"  In  the  spring  time  was  the  passover  holden,  when  first  the  corn 
began  to  spindle,  or  turn  into  ears." — H.  L,  Trans,  of  Bullinger's  Decades 
(Parker  Soc.),  iii.,  163. 

4 '  The  Power  must  reign 
Who  rules  the  year  and  shoots  the  spindling  grain." 

John  Clare,  Sunday  Walks. 

(2)    Corn  is  said  to  spindle  when  it  grows  into  a  tall  straw 
instead  of  developing  ears. 

SPINDLE  WHORL.— The  distaff  and  spindle  were  in  common 
use  in  this  county  during  the  sixteenth  century,  and  probably 
to  a  much  later  period. 

Among  the  church  furniture  which  sacrilegious  hands  destroyed  at 
Wroot,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  in  1566,  was  one  "  crewet  .  .  . 
whearof  was  made  wharles  for  spindels." — Eng.  Church  Furniture,  170. 

Cf.  John  Yonge  Akerman,  On  the  Distaff  and.  Spindle,  in  Archaologia, 
xxxvij.,  83-101. 

SPINNER.— A  spider. 

SPINNER-WEB.— A  spider's  web. 

SPIRES,  s.  pi. — The  horns  of  barley  and  horned  wheat. 


512  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SPIRY,  adj. — Sharp  ;  hard  ;  coarse  ;  applied  to  grass. 

SPIT. — (i)   The  depth  which  a  spade  goes  in  digging. 

That  dike's  foher  spit  deep. 
(2)  A  spadeful. 

SPIT,  v.— (i)  To  rain  very  slightly. 

It  just  spitted  wi'  raain  a  week  sin'  to-daay,  bud  ther'  was  noht  cum 
to  do  noa  good. — Bottesford,  June  25,  1887. 

(2)  It  was  formerly  the  habit,  when  stock  was  sold  at  a  market 
or  fair,  for  the  vendor  to  spit  in  confirmation  of  the  bargain. 
The  practice,  though  going  out,  is  by  no  means  obsolete. 

SPITE   OF    HIS   HEART,   SPITE   OF   HIS    TEETH.— 
Emphatic  forms  of  in  spite  of. 

"  Now  I  have  my  place  in  the  spyte  of  thy  tethe." — Star  Chamber  Pro- 
ceedings, temp.  Hen.  viij.,  in  Pro  Soc.  Ant.,  ij.,  s.  iv.,  321. 

"  When  you  are  twenty-one  you  can  marry  in  spite  of  their  teeth." — 
Stamford  Mercury,  Oct.  i,  1885. 

SPITTER.— (i)  To  rain  or  snow  slightly. 

It  begun  to  spitter  as  me  an'  Sam  was  to'nin'  th'  beas'  fra  th'  laane 
into  th'  seads  cloas. — Bottesford,  May  26,  1881. 

(2)  To  sputter. 

SPITTLE,  v. — To  cut  down  weeds,  especially  thistles,  with  a 
spittle-si^. 

"To  John  Stokes  for  spettylyn  abowt  the  cherche  walles." — Kirton-in- 
Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1544. 

SPITTLE-STAFF. — An  implement  used  for  cutting  weeds, 
especially  thistles ;  otherwise  called  a  brod  or  a  spud. 

SPLASH,  v.— To  plash,  q.v. 

SPLATHER.— (i)  A  splash. 
(2)  Noisy  talk. 

SPLATS,  SPLATTERDASHES,  s.  //.—Gaiters. 

"Where  have  you  been  with  your  spatter-lashes?" — Sir  Roger 
L'Estrange,  Select  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1711,  p.  163. 

"Your  splatterdashes,  why  they  are  quite  the  potato." — Blachwood's 
Mag.,  1822,  vol.  xi.,  p.  601. 

SPLAUDER,  v. — To  spread  out  the  arms  or  legs. 

SPLAUDERING.—  Wide;  ungainly;  said  of  the  feet. 

Brahma  hens  hes  sich  splauderin'  feet  thaay  break  best  part  o'  the'r 
eggs. 

SPLAUDERS,  THE.— Weakness  in  the  legs  or  backs  of  young 
ducks,  which  causes  them  to  go  out  sideways. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM"  WORDS.  518 

SPLAW.— A  hand  or  foot. 
I  did  n't  move  a  splaw. 

SPLET.— (i)  A  split. 
(2)  A  quarrel. 

SPLET,  v.— (i)  To  split. 

(2)  To  quarrel. 

(3)  To  reveal  a  secret. 

Jaane  maay  trust  me,  I'll  niver  splet  on  her. 

SPLICE,  v. — To  marry  (probably  slang). 

SPLORE  (sploar). — A  jest ;  a  trick  ;  a  practical  joke. 

"  He's  to  be  hanged  in  a  day  or  two  for  some  little  splore  he  did  when 
th'  gentle  folks  was  all  a  feightin'  years  sin." — Rolf  Skirlangh,  iij.,  63. 

SPLUTHER,  v.— To  splutter. 

SPOLE,  SPOOL  (spoal,  spool). — A  reel  on  which  cotton  is 
wound. 

SPONGE,  v. — "A  dead  body  is  said  to  sponge  when  liquid  comes 
on  the  lips." — C.  H.  Holgate  in  Stamford  Mercury,  Sept.  20, 
1867. 

SPOOT.— A  spout. 

Clean  watter  of'ens  cums  oot  'n  a  mucky  spoof. — H.T.  Bottesford,  1886. 
That  is,  a  good  person  may  spring  from  a  disreputable  family. 

SPOOTIN'S.— Hinderends,  q.v. 

SPRAG.— (i)  A  kind  of  small  nail. 

(2)  A  bar  of  wood,  about  three  feet  long,  tapering  towards 
the  ends,  used  for  locking  the  wheels  o'f  railway  trucks. 

SPRAWL  (spraul),  v. — To  fall  down  awkwardly  with  legs  and 
arms  extended. 

(2)  To  walk  with  legs  and  arms  extended. 

He  spraivls  aboot  e'  his  walk  as  if  his  legs  an'  airms  was  saails  o' 
milns. 

SPREAD  (sprrh'd),  v.— To  grow  fatter;  lit.,  to  spread. 
SPRECKLED,  adj.— Spotted  ;  speckled. 
SPRECKLED-BELLY.— A  frog. 

SPRETCH,  v. — (i)  An  egg  is  said  to  be  spretched  when  the  shell 
is  partly  broken,  but  the  bird  has  not  yet  made  its  way  out. 


514  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

(2)  To  severely  injure  another,  to  do  for  him;   probably  a 
metaphorical  allusion  to  the  cracking  of  an  egg-shell. 

You'd  better  keep  off;  if  you  cum  one  foot  gaainer  hand,  I'll 
sf  retch  ye. 

SPRIG.— A  small  headless  nail. 

SPRING. — A  young  wood. 

"  Keep  from  biting,  treading  underfoot,  or  damage  of  beasts  .  .  . 
whereby  mischief  may  be  done  to  the  springs  during  the  time  limited 
by  the  statute  for  such  kind  of  wood." — Brumby  Lease,  1716. 

There  are  many  places  in  Yorkshire  and  other  parts  of  the  North  of 
England  that  go  by  the  name  of  Spying  Wood. 

SPRING  WIND. — An  equinoctial  gale,  whether  in  spring  or 
autumn. — Aug.  26,  1876. 

SPRINK,  SPRINT,  v.—  To  sprinkle  with  very  small  drops  of 
fluid. 

SPROOT.— A  sprout. 

SPROOT,  v—  (i)  To  sprout. 

White  wheat  sproots  a  deal  sooner  i'  th1  stock  then  red,  soa  I  niver 
saw  noan. — Bottesford,  1888. 

(2)  To  take  sprouts  off  potatoes. 

Them  taaties  mun  all  be  sprooted ;  this  melsh  weather  hes  made  'em 
graw  like  mad. 

SPUD. — An  implement  for  cutting  up  weeds ;  a  BROD,  a 
SPITTLESTAFF  (q.v.) 

SPURN.— (i)  An  offset  to  a  post,  used  for  the  sake  of  steadying 
it. 

(2)  A  similar  offset  to  the  corner  of  a  wall,   used   for   the 
purpose  of  keeping  off  carts  and  waggons. 

SPURRING. — The  publication  of  banns  of  marriage.  When 
a  person  has  been  once  asked  in  church,  the  friends  say 
"  Why,  thoo's  gotten  one  spur  on  thee  ;  "  when  twice  asked, 
it  is  called  "  a  pair  of  spurs."  [This  is  a  pun  ;  the  word 
really  means  an  asking ;  from  the  verb  to  spur,  or  speer. — 
W.  W.  S.]  Cf.  Ornsby's  Dioc.  Hist.  York,  301. 

SPURRING-PENNY.— The  fee  for  the  publication  of  banns. 

SQUAITCHED  (skwaicht),  «#.— Crooked ;  twisted. 

What  a  leein'  concarn  ohd  Bess  Sensicle  is  for  sartan ;  she  cum 
beggin  here  to  me  a  week  as  last  Setterda',  an1,  says  she  to  me,  "  I'm  a 
poor  loan  creatur;  ivery  soul  belongin'  to  me  's  dead  an'  buried;"  soa 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  515 

says  I  to  her,  "  You  squaitch'd-mooth'd  ohd  bitch,  you  lee,  why,  ther'  's 
Daave,  an'  Sam,  an'  all,  thaay  're  boath  thy  bruthers,  an'thaay  're  'live 
enif  an1  addles  plenty,  an'  all ;"  "  Oh,  bless  yer  life,  says  she,  tha,ay 
niver  gie  me  noht,  so  that's  as  good  as  bein'  dead  to  me." 

SQUANDER,  v.— To  run  away. 

When  thaay  seed  squire  an'  missis  cumin'  thaay  did  squander. 

SQUARE. — A  pane  of  glass  of  any  shape. 

Th'  squares  o'  glass  e'  that  paainted  winda'  e'  Cleatham  chech  is  all 
mander  o'  shaapes  an'  sizes. 

For  mysen  I  liks  squares  o'  glass  diamond-shap'd  as  you  see  'em  e' 
chech  winda's. 

SQUARE,  ON  THE  SQUARE.— Upright ;  honest. 

He's  a  real  square  man  up  an'  doon. 

Leet  on  him  when  you  will,  he's  alus  up'  o'  th'  square. 

SQUARE,   SQUARE    ABOUT,   v.— To    assume    a   fighting 
attitude. 

SQUARE  TOES.— An  offensive  word  for  father. 

"  Finding  old  square  toes  in  the  study, 
Stern,  gloomy,  sulky,  dark,  and  muddy." 

Nineteenth  Cent.,  Abeillkard  and  Heloisa,  1819,  p.  219. 

SQUARE  UP.— To  settle  accounts. 

SQUARING  ABOUT,  pres.  fart.— Fussing  about  in  a  strutting, 
conceited  fashion. 

SQUASH  (skwosh),  adj. — Weak  or  poor;  applied  to  drink  of 
any  kind. 

This  is  squash  tea ;  th'  tea-pot  an'  kettle  maade  it  by  the'r  sens  when 
th'  caddy  was  oot  a-visitin'. 

SQUAT  (a  as  in  hat),  adj.—(i)  Silent. 

I  should  hev  kep'  that  very  squat  if  I'd  been  him. — Kirton-in-Lindsey , 
1867. 

(2)  Broad;  low;  thick-set. 

What  a  squat  little  stack  that  is. 

SQUAUMISH    (skwau'mish),   adj. — Sickly;   over-nice;    over- 
particular; lit.,  squeamish. 

SQUAWK. — A  short  cry  resembling  a  squeak,  but  not  so  shrill. 
She  made  such  an   a  foul  squawk,   thinks   I,    she's  kill'd  her  sen; 
when  it   was  noht    bud    a  white  cloot  she'd    seen  hingin'    upo'   th' 
hedge. 

SQUAWK,  v.— To  scream. 

"  The  rooks 

Quawh  clamourous  to  the  spring's  approach." 

John  Clare,  Last  of  March. 


516  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SQUEAL  (skwi'h'l),  v. — To  cry  out  loudly  and  shrilly. 

SQUELCH.— To  crush. 

"  Besides  your  guts,  if  fat  it  squelches, 
And  causes  fumes  and  sower  belches." 

Edward  Baynard,  Health,  6th  Ed.,  1740,  p.  30. 

SQUIB,  v. — To  run  away. 

SQUIB  ABOUT,  v.— To  run  to  and  fro  in  a  playful 
inconsequent  manner  ;  used  of  children  and  little  animals. 

SQUITHERIGO,  SQUITTERS.— The  diarrhoea. 
SQUOZE,  SQUOZENED  (skwoaz,  skwoaz-nd).— Squeezed. 
SRIMPS,  s.  pi. — Shrimps.     See  SIMPS. 

STAB  THEE,  STAB  THY  VITALS.— Forms  of  imprecation. 
STADDLE.— See  STEDDLE. 

STAFF. — A  measure  of  walling  or  digging.  Quarter  of  a  floor, 
i.e.,  i oo  cubic  feet. 

STAFF-HOLD — ''Agreed  at  the  said  vestry  that  no  person 
whatsoever  should  tend  their  cattle,  nor  staff-hold  them  in 
any  of  the  said  highways  and  lanes." — Scotter  Parish  Records, 
July  30,  1828. 

STAG.— (i)  A  colt. 

(2)  A  young  cock. 

"Many  people  who  keep  hens  for  their  eggs  alone  do  not  allow  a  stag 
with  them."— L/w  Stock  Journal,  July  23,  1886,  99. 

STAGE. — Staid;  steady;  used  of  servants  of  mature  age, 
commonly  though  not  universally  of  women  only. 

Mr.  ...  is  a  bachelor,  and  lives  with  his  sister,  and  they  have 
a  stage  woman  to  do  for  them. 

STAGER,  OLD. — Some  person,  animal,  or  thing  that  has  been 
long  in  use. 

"  He's  a  real  ohd  staager:  he's  been  e'Parli'ment  iver  sin  I  was  clear 
a  bairn. 

This  taable^s  an  ohd  staager  noo,  my  gran'faather  boht  it  at  a  saale 
eaghty  year  back. 

STAGGARTH.— A  stack-garth;  a  stack-yard. 

STAIL. — The  handle  of  a  broom  or  brush. 

"  Blows  with  a  brush  stail  on  the  arm." — Leeds  Mercury,  Feb.  14,  1880. 

STAIRCH  (stairch).— Starch. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  517 

STAITHE  (staidh). — A  landing  place.  Now  frequently  used 
to  denote  the  foreshore  of  a  river,  that  is  kept  up  by  means 
of  faggots  or  kids,  or  by  timber  or  stonework. 

"  All  necessary  railways  .  .  .  tramways,  sidings,  tips,  staiths." — 
Hull  and  North-Line.  Times,  Dec.  13,  1879. 

In  a  survey  of  the  demesnes  of  the  Abbey  pf^Selby,  taken  in  the  reign 
of  Henry  VIII.,  mention  is  made  of  a  "  waste  grownd  in  the  towne  of 
Selby  lyenge  upon  Ouse  bank  called  th'  Stayth." — Mon.  Ang.,  in.,  506. 

STAKEBOOT.— The  right  to  take  wood  for  stakes  (obsolete). 
To  have,  perceive,  and  take,  in  and  upon  the  aforesaid  premises 
sufficient  houseboot,  hedgeboot    .    .    .    and  stakeboot  yearly." — Bmmby 
Lease,  1716. 

STALE  (stail),  v. — To  empty  the  bladder;  said  of  horses  and 
horned  cattle. 

STALE,  v.  pret.  of  STEAL. 

Sumbody's  stale  th'  well-bucket,  muther.     See  STEALED. 

STALE-FOUL. — A  disease  in  horned  cattle,  when  the  urine 
passes  mingled  with  blood.  See  L.  Towne,  Farmer  and 
Grazier's  Guide,  1816,  21. 

STALKING-HORSE.— (i)  An  artificial  horse  employed  by 
sportsmen  as  a  means  of  concealment  in  shooting  wild-fowl. 
The  use  of  the  stalking-horse  has  only  been  discontinued  here 
during  this  century*  Sometimes  a  real  horse  was  trained 
for  this  purpose  and  called  a  "live  stalking-horse."  See 
Gervase  Markham,  Hunger's  Prevention,  1655,  47. 

(2)  One  put  forward  by  another,  who  remains  concealed,  to 
do  some  painful  or  mean  action. 

You  maay  very  well  see  as  S  .  .  .  is  P  .  .  .  's  stalking-horse. 
Th'  ohd  un  maks  bullets  an'  th'  yung  un  shuts  'em. 

STALL,  v. — To  tire;  to  surfeit;  to  become  weary.     A  person 

is  tired  by  a  long  walk,  but  stalled  by  a  chattering  companion. 

One  of  my  sons  saw  a  boy  pelting  some  cows  in  the  lane.     On  his 

asking  him  why  he  did  so,  the  reply  was,  "Becos  I'm  stall' d  o'hevin' 

noht  to  do." 

"Why  them  'at  gets  sent  up  to  heaven, 
Mun  be  stalVd  when  a  week's  runn'd  oot." 

Mabel  Peacock,  Tales  and  Rhymes  in  the 
Lindsey  Folk-Speech,  129. 

STALLACKING.— Big  ;  strong  ;  tall. 

Well,  she  is  a  stallakin'  lass  an'  noa  mistaake. 

STALLIONS,  s.pl.— The  flowers  of  the  Arum  maculatum. 

STAMPERS,  s.  //.—The  shins  of  beef, 
p 


518  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

STAN  (stan).— Stone. 
STAN',  v.— To  stand. 

STANCH,  STANK.— A  shuttle  or  stopgate  for  hindering  the 
passage  of  water. 

STANDARD. — A  young  tree  left  in  a  felled  wood  to  grow  into 
a  large  one. 

"After  such  felling  or  cutting  thereof  shall  leave  sufficient  storers  or 
standards  in  every  acre  of  the  said  woodland." — Brumby  Lease,  1716. 

STANDARDS,  s.  pi. — Long,  hard  grass  which  the  scythe  does 
not  cut  in  mowing. 

STANDARDS,   OLD.— People  who  have   resided   for   many 
years  in  one  parish. 

Iv'rybody  'at  wants  is  to  goa  to  th'  jewbilee  tea,  an'  ohd  standards  is 
to  sit  at  th'  top  o'  th'  taable. 

STANDING,  STANNIN'.— (i)  A  stall  for  horses  or  cattle. 

Ther'  wasn't  a  bit  o*  floor  fit  to  be  trodden  on  left  e'  th'  sta'nin's  e 
George  Chafor  staable.— Feb.  19,  1888. 

I  alus  hev  th'  stannin's  cleaned,  an'  th'  staable  walls  coal-tarred  an' 
varnished  iv'ry  summer. — Bottesford,  June  27,  1887. 

"  I  had  given  my  Friend  a  description  of  that  horse,  and  told  him  his 
very  standing.'1 — Sir  Roger  L'Estrange,  Select  Colloquies  of  Erasmus 
1711,  p.  212. 

(2)  The  place  on  which  a  stall  stands  on  market  days,  or  at 
fair  time. 

Th'  p'lice  hes  maade  th'  stall  foaks  shift  ther  stan'in's  this  Messing- 
ham  feast;  thaay  block 'd  th'  road  up  soa  as  noabody  could  pass. — 1879. 

(3)  Conduct;  behaviour. 

He'll  get  i'to  his  reight  stannin'  in  a  peace,  he  duzn't  knaw  his  sen  yit. 

STAND  WORD.— To  hold  to  a  bargain. 

Noo  then,  tho'ty  poond's  my  price,  bud  I  shan't  stan  wo'd  efter 
Setterda'  neet,  mind  that. 

He  promis'd  to  marry  th'lass,  bud  he  wod  n't  stan'  wod  when  it  caame 
to. 

STANG,  STONG.— (i)  A  measure  of  land;  a  rood  (obsolescent) . 

"  32  acres  and  three  stonge  of  beanesand  pease." — Inventory  of  Thomas 
Teanby,  of  Barton-on-Humber,  in  Gent.  Mag.,  1861,  ij.,  507. 

In  1672  William  Pinches  surrendered,  on  behalf  of  himself  and 
Anne,  his  wife,  certain  lands  in  the  manor  of  Scotter  called  "  Nether 
Barlands,"  and  a  "  broad-land  "  called  a  "  stong." — Manor  Records. 

Stang  or  stangs  is  sometimes  used  as  part  of  a  place-name,  as  Thimble- 
stangs  or  Fimble-stangs,  land  in  the  township  of  Ashby,  and  Five-stongs 
in  West  Halton. 


MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  519 

(2)  Riding  the  stang  is  a  form  of  public  censure  still  some- 
times practised  when  a  man  beats  his  wife.     The  lads  of 
the  village   assemble  with   tongs,  old   kettles,   pans,   and 
horns,   by   aid   of    which   they   make   as   much    noise   as 
possible ;    one  of   them   is   placed   astnde   on   a   pole,  or 
sometimes  on  a  ladder,  and  thus  they  go  in  procession  to 
the  door  of  the  unlucky  couple.     The  person  who  rides  the 
stang  then  sings  some  verses.    These  vary  in  different  places. 
The   first   here   given   is    from    Sir    Charles    Anderson's 
Lincoln  Pocket  Guide,  17.     The  second  from  Peck's,  Axholme. 
In  both  cases  the  concluding  lines  have  been  left  out  as  too 
coarse  for  publication. 

"  He  banged  her  wi'  stick, 
He  banged  her  wi'  stean, 
He  teeak  op  his  naefe, 
An'  he  knocked  her  doon. 

With  a  ran,  tan,  tan,  &c." 

"  With  a  ran  a  dan-dan,  at  the  sign  of  the  old  tin  can, 
For  neither  your  case  nor  my  case  do  I  ride  the  stange, 
Soft  Billy  Charcoal  has  been  banging  his  wife  Ann  ; 
He  bang'd  her,  he  bang'd  her,  he  bang'd  her  indeed, 
He  bang'd  her,  poor  creature,  before  she  stood  in  need." 
Peck  states  that  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  it  was  the  custom,  after 
reciting  the  above  verses  at  the  delinquent's  house,  to  go  round  the 
town  repeating  them  at  the  street  corners,  and  that  this  ceremony  was 
commonly  gone  through  for  three  successive  days.     The  author  has 
been   informed   that  this  practise  is  still  followed   in   Durham   and 
Yorkshire.     Cf.  Marshall's  East  Yorks.  Words,  E.D.S.,  j.,  39  ;  Notes  and 
Queries,  vij.,  s.   iij.,  367;    El  worthy's-   West  Somersetshire    Word-Book , 
p.  674. — W.  H.  Dawson's  Hist,  of  Skipton,  p.  295. 

(3)  An  eel  spear. 

(4)  A  sudden  spasm  of  pain. 

STANGSMAN. — One  of  the  officers  in  a  gang  of  plough-jags. 

STAN'  NEED.— Stand  in  need  of;  ought. 

Are  you  gooin'  to  give  Bessy  your  plaated  tea-pot  when  she's  gotten 
wed  ?  Noa;  I  doan't  stari*  need. 

STAN'  OHER. — A  command  given  to  horses  or  cattle  to  make 
them  stand  conveniently  in  their  stalls. 

STANYEL.— A  stallion. 
STARE  (stair).— A  starling. 
STARK,  adj.-(i)  Stiff. 

The  ferryman  at  Burringham  when  hauling  a  tricycle  up  the  sloping 
landing,  discovered  that  the  break  was  on,  and  said ;  "  I  thoht  she  was 
runnin'  straange  an'  stark." — Sept.  27, 1886. 

This  smock's  a  deal  oher  stark,  I  can't  wear  it  while  it's  weshed. 


520  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WOLDS. 

(2)  Hard  to  do;  difficult. 
A  stark  job  it  was  an'  all. 

STAR-SHOT.— A  kind  of  white  jelly  often  found  in  poor 
pastures;  it  is  believed  to  have  fallen  from  the  stars; 
Tremella  nostoc.  See  Archaologia,  xxxvij.,  3. 

STAR-STONES,  s.  pi. — Small  fossils  ;  joints  of  pentacrinites ; 
kessels  and  possels  (q.v.) 

START.— A  handle,  as  the  shaft  of  a  fire-shovel,  or  the  handle 
of  a  saucepan,  old-fashioned  porringer,  or  basket. 

START,  v. — To  shrink  as  boards  do.  See  Academy,  Sept.  15, 
1888,  p.  170. 

START,  START  OF,  v.— To  begin,  not  merely  motion  forward, 
but  any  kind  of  work. 

We  shall  start  harvist  on  Munda'. 

We  start  of  cuttin'  th'  Ramsden  cloas  gress  to-morra',  if  it  duz  n't 
raain. 

George  Todd  started  o1  drinkin'  aale  thriff  livin'  wi'  ohd  Walker. 
Tom's  started  to  cum  to  chech  reg'lar  sin  his  wife  deed. 

STAR-THACK. — A  coarse  grass  which  grows  on  sandy  soil. 

"The  habitations  of  the  poorer  people  were     .     .     .     covered  with 
ling,  turf,  or  star-thack." — Mackinnon,  Ace.  of  Messingham,  1825,  8. 
11  He  bar  the  turues,  he. bar  the  star." — Haveloh,  939. 
Cf.  Icel.  storr,  bent  grass.    Archaologia ,  j.,  175. 

STARVATION. — Suffering  from  cold,  never,  or  very  rarely, 
from  want  of  food. 

STARVE,  t>.— To  chill ;  to  suffer  from  cold. 

It  was  soa  cohd  I  was  o'must  starved  to  dead. 

Naay  noo,  I  did  n't  saay  as  thaay'd  starve,  I  tell'd  ye  thaay'd  pine  to 
dead  if  thaay  was  n't  fed.  Said  of  bees  which  failed  to  gather  sufficient 
honey  in  the  sunless  summer  of  1888. 

STATHER.— A  landing  place;  e.g.,  Burton  Stather;  Flix- 
borough  Stather. 

STATTIS,  STATTUS.— A  statute-fair  held  for  hiring  servants 
about  May-day  and  Martinmas. 

STATTUSIN'.— Anything  bought  at  a  STATTUS;  usually  a 
slight  gift  bought  for  a  friend. 

STATUTE.— A  statue. 

STAVER.— (i)  A  step  of  a  ladder. 

"A  ladder  of  viij.  stavirs." — Inventory  of  Goods  of  Guild  of  St.  Mary, 
Boston,  1534,  in  Eng.  Ch.  Furniture,  190. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  521 

(2)  One  of  the  bars  of  a  hay-rack. 

STAY.— (i)  A  short  prop. 

(2)  A  small  frame  like  a  ladder  for  plants  to  climb  up. 

STAYS,  s.  /'/.—Stairs. 

'STEAD.— Instead. 

I  telPd  him  to  goa  to  Ketton,  bud  'stead  o'  that  he  stopp'd  at  Messing- 
ham  an'  got  fresh. 

STEADY,  adj.-— Sober  ;  of  decorous  life. 

He's  a  real  steady  man,  reg'lar  at  his  wark,  an'  niver  fresh  except 
maaybe  at  a  feast  time. 

STEALED, pt.  t—  Stole. 

Th'  last  thing  he  steal'd  was  a  uven.     See  STALE. 

STECHE  (obsolete). — Of  uncertain  meaning ;  perhaps  a  narrow 
lane. 

"  Robert  Ponton  for  his  son  carrying  ij  hors  tyed  together  up  the 
steche  ijd." — Hibaldstow  Fine  Roll,  1576. 

STEDDLE,  ST ADDLE.— (i)  The  foundation  or  seat  of  a 
stack  or  haycock. 

"  The  size  of  the  staddle  or  stack  bottom  should  be  proportioned  to 
the  quantity  of  hay." — R.  W.  Dickson,  Practical  Agriculture,  ed.  1807, 

"..  457- 

He,  Stan's  askew  on  his  steddle  is  equivalent  to  saying  that  he  is  out 
of  balance  in  mind,  body,  or  estate. 

(2)  The  root  of  a  tree  that  has  been  felled. 

"  Reserving  all  timber  trees  .  .  .  and  also  sufficient  staddles  in 
every  acre  of  the  said  woodlands."— Brumby  Lease,  1733. 

STEDDLE-BURNT.— Said  of  the  seat  of  a  haycock  which  has 
remained  so  long  covered  that  the  grass  has  died  or  become 
bleached. 

STEE.— A  ladder  of  any  kind. 

If  I  live  anuther  year  I'll  hev  a  new stee  maade  forth'  chech  steeple.— 
June  27,  1887. 

"  To  John  Pickerin  for  a  stee" — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1623. 

"  I  could  always  frighten  them  well  by  going  a  few  steps  up  the  stee 
and  showing  my  black  head,  of  which  they  were  afraid." — John  Hodgson, 
in  Rai.ie's  Memoir,  j.,  25. 

STEEL.— A  stile. 

There  wants  a  new  steel  maakin'  on  th'  foot-trod  as  you  goa  to  th1 
toon.—Willoughton,  1882. 

"  That  Thomas  Lacies  shall  make  a  sufficient  steel  and  footway  for 
passengers  to  go  through  his  yeard  in  wynter." — 1601,  Gainsbtirgh 
Manor  Records,  in  Stark 's  Hist,,  92. 

"  Mr.  Rich.  Ffox  for  want  of  a  steele  at  garden's  end," — 1648, 
Manchester  Coart  Leet  Records,  iv.,  17. 


522  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

STEEPING,  fl#.— Soaking. 

Well,  this  hes  been  a  steepin'  raain. — Dec.  5,  1876. 

STEER.— A  young  ox. 

11  And  lowing  steers  the  hollow  echoes  wake." 

John  Clare,  Rural  Morning. 

STEER,  adj.— Steep. 

That  brig's  so  steer  you  can  nobbut  just  get  ohern  it. 

Thoo  wants  to  put  that  stee  moore  steer,  or  she'll  sluther  oot  at  foot. — 
Bottesford,  April  23,  1877. 

[On  asking  my  way  up  the  western  side  of  Ingleborough,  I  was  told 
I  should  find  it  "  a  steer  clim,"  and  so  I  did. —  W.W.S.] 

STEERAGE. — A  disturbance.     See  UPSTEER. 

There  was  a  straange  steerage  when  th'  so'jers  cum  to  Butterwig. 

STEG. — A  gander  (obsolete). 

"Item  vj  gees  with  one  stegg." — Inventory  of  Thomas  Robinson  of 
Appleby,  1542.  Cf.  STAG. 

STEIGHE.— A  stile  (obsolete). 

"  One  little  dale  in  ye  midle  Riddinges  butting  upon  Robt.  Beck 
South  and  Brumby  Common  Marfeere  North  and  bounden  from  ye 
steighe  betwixt  twoo  thornes  of  ye  meare  for  ye  west  end." — Ashby 
Schedule,  1606. 

STEM,  v. — To  soak  a  bucket  or  other  wooden  vessel  so  as  to 
cause  it  to  hold  water. 

STEP,/m.  /.  of  to  steep. 

STEPPER. — A  horse  is  called  a  good  or  a  bad  stepper  when  his 
action  is  pleasing  or  unpleasing. 

"  Mare,  4  years  old,  by  Pride  of  the  Isle,  a  very  fine  stepper" — 
Stamford  Mercury,  Sept.  20,  1867. 

STEPPINGS.— The  footprints  of  animals,  especially  of  men, 
horses,  and  oxen. 

STERM.— See  STURM. 

STEW.— (i)  A  bustle;  a  fidget. 

He's  in  a  rare  stew  aboot  th  school-mester. 

(2)  A  small  pond  in  which  fish  were  kept  to  be  immediately 
ready  for  the  table  (obsolescent). 

STEW,  v.— To  rain  slightly. 

When  we  set  off  it  just  stew'd  wi'  raain,  bud  ther'  was  noan  cum  to 
speak  on 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  523 

STEWARD.  —  There  are  in  a  village  pig-club  (q.v.)  usually  two 
members  called  stewards,  whose  duty  it  is  when  pigs  are 
reported  as  ill  to  visit  them,  for  the  sake  of  ascertaining 
that  no  imposture  is  being  practised. 

STICK  v.  —  (i)  To  stick  in  the  ground  rods  for  peas  and  other 
climbing  plants  to  attach  themselves  to. 

(2)  To  run  a  moulding. 

Them  oak  cornishes  tak  a  deal  o'  stickin'. 

(3)  To  decorate  a  church  or  chapel  with  evergreens. 

When  I  was  helpin'  to  stick  the  chech  who  should  cum  in  bud    .    . 

STICK  AND  STOUR.—  (i)  Stud  and  mud  (q.v.) 

(2)  Often  used  to  signify  all  a  person's  goods  and  chattels. 
Thaay've  sell'd  him  up,  stick  an'  stour 

STICK-LICKING.—  A  beating. 

STICKS.  —  To  "beat  all  to  sticks"  is  to  beat  or  overcome  entirely, 
or  absolutely. 

I  thoht  he'd  hev'  a  chance'at  startin',  bud  I  soon  seed  he'd  be  beaten 
all  to  sticks. 

"  Before  eleven  o'clock  we  have  made  shift  to  swallow  a  pound  of 
stot-beef,  which,  in  the  West  Country,  beats  our  stot-beef  here  all  to 
sticks."  —  Blackwood's  Mag.,  1820,  vol.  viii.,  p.  85. 

STIDDY.—  A  blacksmith's  anvil. 

STIFF,  adj.  —  A  short,  stout  man,  who  is  also  strong,  is  said 
to  be  stiff  or  stiff-built.  The  word  is  also  applied  to  horses 
of  similar  make. 

STIFFENING.—  Starch. 

STIFF-SEEDS.—  When  clover  stubble  is  thin-furred  (q.v.) 
over,  and  has  wheat  sown  on  it  at  once,  the  wheat  is  said  to 
be  sown  on  stiff  seeds. 

We  alus  ewsed  to  saw  oor  wheat  on  stiff  -seeds,  an'  it  grubbed  awaay, 
an'  ther"  wasn't  hairf  a  crop  ;  noo  we  alus  work  'em  well  afoore  harvist 
an'  we  get  twice  as  much.  —  W.S.,  Bottesford,  1887. 

STIKELEDER.—  Aikind  of  leather  (obsolete). 

"  One  deker  of  stikeleder."  —  Inventory  of  Roland  Staveley  of  Gainsburgh, 


STILL,  adj.  —  Quiet  ;  reserved. 

She's  a  real  still  woman,  an'  hes  n't  a  wo'd  to  saay  agen  noabody. 

STILT.—  The  hale  (q.v.)  of  a  plough. 

He's  to  no  good  at  schoolin'  ;  he  likes  bein'  atween  a  pair  o'  plew- 
stilts  a  vast  seet  better. 


524  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    VvrORDS. 

STILT,  v. — A  stocking  is  said  to  be  stilted  when  the  worn-out 
foot  is  cut  off  and  a  new  foot  is  knitted  to  the  old  leg. 

STING-BEE. — A  bee  as  distinguished  from  various  sorts  of 
flies  which  are  in  appearance  not  unlike  bees.  See  TAME 
BEE. 

STINGING  COLD.- Extremely  cold. 

STINGY  (stinj-i).— (i)  Piercing  cold. 

It's  been  stingy  weather  this  Christmas  time,  that  it  hes. 

(2)  A  horse  is  said  to  be  stingv  which  does  not  go  about  its 
work  freely. 

She's  a  good  little  mare  but  she'd  be  of  no  mander  o'  ewse  to  me, 
she's  stingy  at  startin'. 

STINK. — A  very  proud  man  is  said  to  "stink  wi'  pride  ;"  a  very 
rich  one  to  "stink  o'  brass." 

STINKING,  adj. — Bad,  abominable,  but  not  necessarily  having 
any  relation  to  the  sense  of  smell. 

It's  a  stinkin'  shaame  that  sarvants  should  n't  be  let  to  get  the'r 
dinners  e'  peace. 
It's  stinkin'  bad  weather. 
He's  a  stinkin'  liar. 

STINT. — An  allotment  of  work. 
Hev  you  dun  your  daay's  stint. 

STINT. — To  deprive  of  a  just  share  of  anything. 

I  can't  abide  to  stint  my  bairns  ;  thaay'll  hev  plenty  o'  stintin'  an' 
pinin'  when  thaay're  grawd  up.     Cf.  Walrond,  Hist.  Notices,  j.,  201. 

STINTED. — (i)  A  common  is  said  to  be  stinted  when  the  manor 
court  has  put  a  limit  to  the  number  of  cattle  which  may  be 
depastured  on  the  common  by  each  common-right  holder. 

(2)  An  animal  is  said  to  be  stinted  when  its  growth  has  been 
arrested  by  ill  health,  cold,  or  bad  food. 

STINTING. — A  portion  of  the  common  meadow  set  apart  for 
the  use  of  one  person.  A  stinting  did  not,  I  think,  become 
the  freehold  of  the  person  who  occupied  it,  but  was  changed 
from  time  to  time.  In  an  Amcotts  rental  of  the  sixteenth 
century,  I  have  met  with  a  place  called  the  ''upper  stinting.'' 

STIR,  STIRRINGS.— Bustle  ;  confusion. 

This  here  'lection  hes  made  a  bonny  stir  all  aboot. 
Arn't  you  gooin'  to  see  th'  stirrings  at  Gaainsb'r'  Mar 

STIRK. — A  young  bullock. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  525 

STIRRING.— (i)  Prevalent. 

Coughs  is  stirrin'  noo  thrif  this  ask  east  wind. 

(2)  Getting  up, 

Thaay've  been  stirrin'  early;  thaay  was  agaate  o'  mawin'   e*  th' 
Rams'en  afoore  hairf  past  three  this  mornin'.— June  29,  1887. 

STIRRUP-OIL.— On  "All  Fools'  Day,"  April  ist.,  boys  are 
sent  to  some  ill-natured  person  for  a  "penno'th  of  stirrup-oil,' 
which  they  sometimes  get  in  the  form  of  a^  beating  with  a 
stirrup  leather. 

STIRRUP-SUNDAY.— That  is  Stir-up  Sunday.  The  last 
Sunday  after  the  feast  of  Holy  Trinity,  so  called,  it  is  said, 
on  account  of  the  first  words  of  the  collect  in  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer  for  that  day:  "  Stir  up,  we  beseech  Thee, 
O  Lord,"  which  is  a  translation  of  a  collect  in  the  Salisbury 
use.  On  this  day,  or  on  the  one  following,  the  mince  meat 
for  the  Christmas  pies,  and  the  Christmas  plum  pudding, 
should  be  stirred  by  all  the  members  of  the  household. 

STITCH.— (i)  The  depth  that  a  plough  goes  into  the  soil. 

We've  plew'd  that  theare  No'th  Naathan   Land  a  good  stitch  this 
time. — Jan.  26,  1882. 

(2)  A  pain  in  the  side. 

11 0  no,  O  no,  my  noble  Queen ! 
Think  no  such  thing  to  be ; 
'Twas  but  a  stitch  into  my  side, 
And  sair  it  troubles  me." 

The  Queen's  Marie,  Border  Min., 
ed.  1861,  iij.,  300. 

STITCH  UP,  v.— To  plough  asMeeply  as  possible. 
STITHERUM.— A  long,  prosy  tale. 
STOAN  (stoa-h'n).— A  stone. 

STOCKEN,  v.— (i)  To  check  the  growth  of  anything. 
If  you  rem'le  big  trees  like  them  you  stocken  'em  for  years. 
That  cauf  was  stocken'd  wi'  bein'  pin'd  e1  th'  winter,  an'  '11  niver  get 
oher  it  as  long  as  it  lives. 

(2)  To  choke  with  food  or  drink. 

Oh,  doctor,  th'  poor  bairn  was  o'must  stocken'd. 

STOCKING-FEET,  STOCKING-FEETINGS.— The  feet  of 
stockings.  A  person  who  has  taken  off  his  shoes  is  said  to 
be  in  his  stocking- feetings.  .  - 

I  was  e'  my  stockin' -feet  when  he  cum'd. 

STOCK-LOCK.— A  lock  fastened  upon  a  door  by  aid  of  nails 
or  screws,  as  distinguished  from  a  padlock  or  a  mortice-lock. 


526  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

STODGE  (stoj),  v.— To  cram  with  food. 

STODGY. — (i)  Thick;  stiff;  as  rice  pudding,  clay,  mud. 
(2)  A  short,  broad-built  man  is  said  to  be  stodgy. 

STOHP.— A  post. 

"  As  they  digged  deep  to  set  down  a  stoop  for  a  yate." — Abraham 
De  la  Pryme,  Diary,  79. 

"  10  stoops  for  stack-yard  at  as.  " — Bill  of  Witt.  White,  of  Scatter,  1821. 

STOHP-MILN. — A  post  mill;  that  is,  a  wooden  mill  erected 
on  posts  as  distinguished  from  a  smock-mill  (q.v.) 

STOPHS  AND  RAILS.— Mortice  posts  and  rails. 

To  fly  like  stohps  and  raails  is  a  figure  of  speech  for  any  widely- 
extended  "  smash." 

STON.— (i)  A  stone. 

That  ston  th1  libr'y's  built  on  was  dug  at  th'  boddom  o'  th'  plantin' ; 
it  cost  him  three  shillin'  a  yard  diggin'. 

"  Payd  for  bred  &  alle  at  Trent  syde  when  I  &  my  neburs  did  dige 
vp  stons  yd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1535. 

(2)  A  stone  weight. 

STONE,  adj. — Quite;  as  in  "steam-dead"  "  stoane-deaf"  "stotine- 
blmd." 

STONED-HORSE.— A  stallion. 

"  Three  stoned  horses  24^. — Inventory  of  Sir  John  Anderson  of  Broughton, 
1671,  in  Sir  Charles  Anderson's  Lea  with  Lea-wood,  25. 

STONED-HORSE-MAN.-A  man  who  has  the  care  of  a 
stallion,  and  who  commonly  leads  him  from  place  to  place 
to  serve  mares. 

STONE  JUG,  STONE  BOTTLE.— An  earthenware  jug  or 
bottle. 

STONE-THACK.— Large  flat  stones  used  for  covering  build- 
ings, as  we  now  use  tiles  or  slates.  They  were  here  usually 
thin  Yorkshire  flags,  but  they  were  occasionally  formed  of 
thin  stones  found  in  the  neighbourhood  (obsolescent). 

Molly  Keal  ewsed  to  saay  that  your  ohd  Hall  was  cuvered  wi'  stodne- 
thack.  Cf.  Archcsologia,  xlij.,  404. 

STONG.— See  STANG. 

STOODEN,  past  pt.— Stood. 

I've  stooden  here  lightiu'  o'  the  for  an  hooer. — Yaddlethorpe,  1884. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  527 

STOOK,  STOWK.— Ten  sheaves  of  corn,  set  with  their  heads 
together  in  a  slanting  position  for  the  purpose  of  drying 
preparatory  to  being  stacked. 

"  They  [the  whin-chats]  may  then  be  seen  in  small  family  parties, 
half-a-dozen  together,  perched  on  stocks  of  corn." — Cordeaux,  Birds  of 
the  Humber,  30. 

"  It  is  mostly  set  up  into  what  are  provincially  termed  stocks,  stouks, 
shocks,  or  hattocks." — R.  W.  Dickson,  Practical  Agriculture,  ed.  1807, 
vol.  ii.,  p.  280. 

"  He  lets  it  [barley]  remain  longer  in  the  stook,  but  the  storm  comes 
some  days  sooner  than  usual  and  soaks  the  sheaves  to  the  heart." — 
Blackwood's  Mag.,  Nov.,  1817,  p.  235. 

Cf.  Walter  Young,  Diary,  1609,  19;  A.  Hunter,  Georgical  Essays,  i.f 
436  ;  North  Riding  Record  Soc.,  i.,  243,  iii.,  125,  281. 

STOOK,  STOWK,  v.— To  make  into  stooks. 

It  was  a  real  dry  time,  like  as  this  is,  bud  at  harvest  time  when 
faather  got  his  barley  sheared  an'  stook'd  ready  fer  leadin'  it  lighten'd 
an'  thunner'd  that  hard  we  thoht  noht  better  then  corn  wo'd  catch  fire 
an'  be  bo'nt  e'  th'  cloas  ;  an'  efter  that  raain  cum'd  doon  e'  a  sheet, 
an1  it  power'd  stright  on  end  fer  a  week. — July  23,  1887. 

STOOL.— The  surface  of  the  root  of  a  felled  tree. 

You  mun  cut  th'  stools  o'  them  eshes  levil,  an'  mind  an'  not  hack  'em, 
or  thaay'll  not  graw  no  moore. 

STOPGATE.— A  shuttle  (q.v.) 

STOKER. — A  tree  ;  probably  nearly  the  same  as  STANDARD, 
q.v.  (obsolete). 

"  Shall  preserve  and  maintain  the  same  storers  and  standards." — 
Brumby  Lease,  1716. 

STORM. — Long  continued  frost  or  snow,  even  if  unaccompanied 
by  wind.  See  STURM. 

STORM-BREEDER.— A  mild  day  before  rain,  cold,  or  frost. 

STORY.— (i)  The  "  genteel  "  word  for  lie. 

(2)  A  story-teller. 

Oh  you  wicked  story  you. 

STORY-TELLER,  STORIER.— A  liar.  The  terms  story-teller, 
storier,  and  liar  express  three  degrees  of  comparison,  liar 
being  the  superlative. 

STOT. — (i)  Stots  are  iron  bars  used  to  hinder  wood  from 
rolling  off  cuts  (q.v.) 

(2)  A  steer.  It  has  been  suggested  that  this  word  has  been 
introduced  here  in  modern  days  by  North-country  drovers, 
but  this  is  certainly  not  the  case,  for  in  the  Inventory  of 
Richard  Allele,  of  Scalthorpe,  taken  in  1551,  we  find  "  viij 
yong  stottes  &  quyes  &  a  old  cowe  iiijV 


528  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

STOUR  AND  DAUB.— Stud  and  mud  (q.v.) 

STOWER.— (i)  A  stake. 

(2)  A  boat-hook. 

(3)  A  pole  used  for  pushing  boats  along. 

STRADDLE,  STRADLINGS.— Astride. 

STRADDLE,  v.— To  stride. 

He  was  stood  straddlin'  across  a  dike  that  ewst  to  run  doon  th1 
middle  Naathan  Land,  fo'st  time  I  seed  him. 

"  Hence  they  step  short  and  straddle  stiff." — Edward  Baynard,  Health, 
1740,  p.  10. 

STRADDLE-BACK.— A  frog. 

STRAIGHT  OFF.— Immediately. 

He  did  n't  answer  noht,  bud  knock'd  him  doon  strlght  off. 

STRAIGHT  UP  AND  DOWN.— Honest ;  upright. 

'STRAIN,  v.— To  distrain. 

STRA1NERING.— The  web  of  which  strainers  are  made. 

STRAKES,  pi. — The  segments  used  in  making  up  the  tire  of  a 
wheel  which  is  not  hooped  in  one  piece. 

STRANGE,  adj.— Very;  exceeding. 
It's  straange  cohd  weather. 
He's  a  straange  big  chap. 
We're  hevin'  a  straange  dry  time  to  year. 
Strange  is  in  very  common  use  before  all  kinds  of  adjectives. 

STRANGER.— (i)  A  small  knot  on  the  wick  of  a  candle, 
which,  when  burned,  becomes  enlarged  and  red.  It  is  a 
sign  that  a  stranger  will  come  to-morrow. 

(2)  A  small  bit  of  tea-leaf,  or  stick,  which  floats  on  the  surface 
of  tea.  If  you  stir  the  tea  and  it  sinks  it  counts  for  nothing, 
but  if  it  swims  it  is  a  certain  sign  that  a  stranger  will  arrive. 

STRANNY,  adj. — Excited  ;  wild  ;  beside  oneself  with  pain  or 
passion. 

Doan't  goa  on  e'  that  how,  bairn;  foaks  '11  think  you  stranny* 

STRAP. — An  iron  plate  which  goes  the  length  of  the  arm  of 
an  axle.  It  has  a  shoulder  upon  it  for  the  wheel  to  abut 
upon  and  is  used  instead  of  an  otter. 

STRAPPING.— A  beating. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  529 

STRAPPING,  adj.—  Fine  ;  large  ;  muscular. 

She's  a  fine,  strappin'  wench  an'  noa  mistaake  ;  I'd  raather  hev  her 
for  a  wife,  if  she  hes  no  edicaation,  then  one  o'  your  sickly  fine  laadies 
'at  gets  a  cohd  'e  her  head  if  she  hears  it  raain  up  o'  th'  winda.' 
"You  see  how  large  a  troop  he  guides, 
Of  lusty  strapping  tanners." 

,  Aristophanes,  p.  212. 


STRAWBERRY.—  A  strawberry-like  birth-mark. 

STRAWING.  —  Covering  heaps  of  potatoes  with  straw  pre- 
paratory to  the  earth  being  put  upon  them  to  shield  them 
from  the  frost. 

STRAW-JACK.  —  A  straw-elevator  ;  that  is  a  machine  affixed 
to  a  steam  thrashing  machine,  by  which  the  thrashed  straw 
is  carried  to  the  top  of  a  stack.  This  word  must  have  been 
made  in  very  recent  times.  The  straw-elevator  was  not 
introduced  until  some  time  after  thrashing  by  steam  became 
common. 

STRAY-GARTH.—  A  small  close  used  before  the  time  of  the 
enclosures  for  stray  cattle.  There  is  a  ditch  in  the  parish 
of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  called  Stray  -garth  Drain. 

STRAY  OF  RABBITS.—  The  right  claimed  by  certain  owners 
of  rabbit-warrens  for  their  rabbits  to  stray  and  feed  on 
lands  not  their  own. 

STRAYS,  s.  pi.  —  Cattle  that  have  strayed,  and  for  whom  no 
owner  can  be  discovered. 

"  All  the  strays  upon  the  Soke-land  in  this  parish  [Winterton]  belong 
to  the  Prince,  the  others  to  the  lords  of  the  Barony  Lands."  —  Survey 
of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey  t  1787. 

"  It  was  an  immemorial  custom  in  the  parish  of  Appleby  that  all  strays 
were  seized,  and  on  the  succeeding  Sunday  a  man  with  a  bell  pro- 
claimed the  same  to  the  public  ;  this  he  did  on  three  barrows  .  .  . 
lying  opposite  to  Thornholme  ;  if  they  were  not  redeemed  within  twelve 
months  and  a  day  they  were  disposed  of  by  public  auction.  These 
barrows  are  now  levelled,  and  the  ancient  right  has  never  been  in  force 
since  the  ground  inclosure  took  place."  —  W.  Andrew,  Hist.  Winterton, 
1836,  39. 

STREAKINGS,  s.  pi.—  Stroppings  (q.v.) 

STREAMERS.  —  The  flame-like  glimmer  of  the  Aurora 
Borealis. 

STREAN.—  A  strain. 
STREAN,  v.—  To  strain. 
STREET.—  Road  ;  highway. 


530  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

STREET  MUCK.— Hamper  Jack  (q.v.) 

STREET- WALKER. — Not  as  in  London  and  elsewhere ; 
harlot,   but  a  person  of  either   sex,  without  reference  to 
morals,  who  strolls  about  on  Sundays  instead  of  going  to 
church  or  chapel. 

STRESS. — To  overcome  by  too  hard  work. 

He  stresses  them  bosses  real  bad  wi'  that  theare  brick  leadin'  up 
Yalthrup  Hill ;  it's  a  shaame  to  see  'em  poor  things. 

STRETCHER.— (i)  The  chain  which  connects  the  horse-tree 
with  the  harrows. 

(2)  A  brick  placed  lengthwise  in  a  wall. 

STREWING. — Rushes ;  hay  or  straw  used  for  strewing  the 
floors  of  churches  (obsolete). 

"For  mowinge  strewinge  for  the  church  at  midsomer  vjd." — Kirton- 
in-Lindsey  Church  Account,  1662.  Cf.  H.  Edwards,  Collection  of  old 
English  Customs  from  the  Charity  Reports,  1842,  217.  Fabric  Rolls  of 
York  Minster,  225;  Stonehouse,  Hist.  Isle  of  Axholme,  236. 

STRICKLE. — The  instrument  with  which  a  scythe  is  sharp- 
ened. See  Marshall's  East  Yorks.  Words,  E.D.S.,  j.,  39. 

"When  I  was  a  yung  man  ther'  was  noa  strickles  as  we  have  'em 
noo.  A  strickle  was  then  nobbut  a  plaain  flat  peace  o'  wood,  and  when 
a  man  went  to  maw  he  alus  took  wi'  him  a  horn  o'  greas'  and  a  bag 
o'  sand.  When  he  wanted  to  sharpen  his  scythe  he  fo'st  daubed  the 
strickle  with  greas'  an'  then  dusted  sum  sand  oher  it." — Bottesford, 
John  Marcham,  Aug.  27,  1867. 

The  strickle  at  present  in  use  is  a  kind  ot  wooden  strop  with  coarse 
emery  on  one  side  and  fine  on  the  other.  A  dry  whetstone  is  often 
used  instead  of  a  strickle. 

STRICKLEBAG.— A  stickleback.  Probably  not  truly  dialetic 
but  merely  a  corruption.  I  have,  however,  heard  the  word 
used  as  long  ago  as  1837. 

STRIDDEN,  adj. — Said  of  wheels  of  carts,  waggons,  and 
carriages,  when  they  get  too  wide  apart  by  running  in  the 
ruts. 

STRIDLINGS.— Astride. 

He  set  hissen  stridlins  upo'  wall  top  wheare  I  could  n't  get  at  him, 
an'  then  he  call'd  me  shaameful. 

STRIGHT,  adj.  (i  as  in  right).— Straight. 

He  hes  n't  getten  his  hat  on  very  stright  to  neet,  is  said  of  someone 
who  is  the  worse  for  drink. 

STRIGHTLE,  v.  (i  as  in  right).— To  make  straight. 

Get  thy  hair  strightled  lass;  it  looks  for  all  th'  warld  like  a  cotted 
fleace. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  581 

STRIKE.-— A  bushel ;  that  is,  eight  pecks. 

"Thre  strikes  of  lyme  for  drawinge  the  church  steple  xviij." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1638. 

STRIKE,  v. — To  strike  turnips  is  to  cut  up  with  a  hoe  such  of 
the  young  plants  as  are  not  required.  Clumps  are  left 
about  ten  inches  apart ;  these  are  thinned  by  SINGLING  (q.v.) 

STRIKE-SKEP.— A  bushel  measure. 

The  strike-skep  should  be  furnished  with  a  roller  or  "  rolling-pin"  for 
the  purpose  of  removing  the  superfluous  corn. 

"  Two  horse-drags,  gig  lamps,  hand-cut  box,  turnip  cutter,  strike  and 
roller,  wheel-barrow,  two  salting  boards,  swing-plough,  three  horse 
drags." — Gainsburgh  News,  March  23,  1867. 

STRIKER. — (i)  The  man  who  wields  the  heavy  hammer  in  a 
blacksmith's  shop. 

"  Wanted     ...     a  few  strikers." — Lin.  Chron.,  Dec.  4,  1874. 
(2)  A  man  who  strikes  turnips. 

STRINE,  STRIND.— A  stride, 
STRIKE,  STRIND,  v.— To  stride. 

STRINKLE,  v.— To  sprinkle, 

Thaay've   gotten  a  straange  good  cart  at  Brig*  to  strinkle  watter 
aboot  to  laay  th'  dust. 
Strinkle  a  bit  o'  Indian  corn  for  them  pigeons. 

STROA  (stroa).— Straw. 
STROA-KNOTS.— The  joints  in  straw. 
STROAKINGS.— Stroppings  (q.v.) 

STROKE  OF,  STRIKE  OF.— (i)  Just  on  the  point  of  striking, 
said  of  a  clock,  or  of  the  time  when  there  is  no  clock  to 
measure  it  by. 

It  was  just  on  the  strodke  o1  nine,  I  knaw,  bud  it  was  oher  dark  for 
me  to  see  my  watch. 

(2)  Stroke  of  work,  used   as  an   equivalent  for  any   slight 
amount  of  labour. 

He  niver  gets  a  strodke  o'  wark  dun  afoore  bra'fast  time,  an'  of'ens 
for  a  long  peace  efter. 

STRONG.— Great ;  large. 

"  A  strong  lot,"  that  is,  a  large  quantity. 
"  A  strong  draw,"  a  large  demand. 

STROP. — A  church  bell-rope. 


582  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

STROPPINGS,  STREAKINGS,  STROAKINGS.— The  last 
milk  that  comes  before  a  cow's  udder  is  empty. 
Mind  an'  get  all  th'  stropping,  Sarah  Ann. 
She  milks  that  badly,  hairf  th'  stnakin's  gets  left  behind. 
11  Few  persons  are  ignorant,  that  milk  which  is  taken  from  the  cow 
last  of  all  at  milking,  which  is  called  stroakings  is  richer  than  the  rest 
of  the  milk." — A  Hunter,  Georgical  Essays.  1803,  iij.,  255. 

STRUCK,  pp. — Used  to  children  distorting  their  faces, 

You  moan't  do  e'  that  how,  Ted  ;  who  knaws  bud  you  mud  be  struck 
soa  ?  That  is,  fixed  suddenly  and  unalterably  in  that  grimace. 

STRUCK  BY  A  HORSE.— Kicked. 

STRUCK  OHER.— Given  to  the  admiration  of;  under  the 
influence  of. 

She's  that  struck  oher  Mr.  East,  she'd  do  oht  e1  th'  warld  he  tell'd 
her. 

STRUM. — A  wickerwork  basket  somewhat  like  a  bottle,  used 
in  brewing  to  put  before  the  bunghole  of  a  mash-tub,  when 
the  liquor  is  drawn  off,  to  hinder  the  hops  from  coming 
through.  A  wisp  of  straw  is  sometimes  used  for  this 
purpose. 

Nephew :  "  Whativer's  th'  matter  wi'  this  beer,  aunt ;  it's  straange  an* 
nasty  ?" 

Aunt :  "  Why,  you  see,  Henry  hed  lost  strum  when  he  was  agaate  o' 
brewin',  an'  ewsed  a  han'ful  o'  haay  'estead,  an  it's  maade  it  taaste  a 
bit." 

STRUNCHION  (strun-shun).— A  long  involved  story. 

He  tell'd  me  a  straange  long  strunchion ;  sum'ats  aboot  Midmoor 
drean,  an'  Ran-dyke,  but  I  could  mak  noht  on  it. 

STRUNG,//,  as  adj. — In  difficulty;  overpowered. 
He's  fairly  strung  wi'  that  job. 

STRUNT.— The  denuded  tail  of  a  quadruped  or  bird.  Cf. 
Marshall's  Yorks.  Words,  £,£>.£.,  j.,  39. 

STRUNT,  adj. — Rough  ;  foul ;  applied  to  the  weather. 

STRUNT,  v.— To  dock  the  tail  of  a  horse  ;  sometimes,  though 
very  rarely,  used  with  regard  to  sheep  also. 

"  Strunied  sheep  ...  so  called  when  their  tails  are  cut  off  to 
keep  them  from  dunging  that  part,  and  breeding  maggots  therein." — 
Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726  (sub  voc.) 

STRUT. — A  prop  or  stay  in  a  roof.  Cf.  Glossary  of  Architecture, 
1850,  j.,  449. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS,  533 

STUB. — (i)  A  horse-shoe  nail. 

(2)  A  splinter  which  has  run  into  the  flesh. 

STUB,  v.— (i)  To  grub  up  roots  of  trees,  thistles,  &c. 

"  But  a  reads  wonn  sarmin  a  weeak",  an'  I    'a   stuWd   Thornaby 
waaste." — Tennyson,  Northern  Farmer,  vij.. 

(2)  To  wound  the  flesh  with  a  splinter  of  wood. 

STUB-DIG. — An  instrument  used  in  grubbing  up  old  hedges, 
roots  of  trees,  &c. 

STUBBLE-GOOSE.— A  goose  fed  on  stubbles. 

STUD. — An  upright  bar  of  wood  to  which  laths  are  nailed  in 
making  a  lath  and  plaster  partition-wall. 

STUD  AND  MUD  WALLING.— Building  without  bricks  or 
stones,  with  posts  and  wattles,  or  laths,  reeds,  or  furze 
daubed  over  with  road-mud.  Almost  all  the  cottages  built 
here  before  the  beginning  of  the  present  century  have  stud 
and  mud  walls.  Cf.  Artkaofogia,  ix.,  iii. 

STUDY.— Thought ;  anxiety. 

All  his  study  is  to  get  e*  uther  foaks's  waay. 

Well,  the  deary  me,  I  niver  tho'ht  it  wa'd  cum  to  this,  though  I  alus 
knaw'd  he  wo'd  do  his  sen  harm  by  all  that  theare  study. 

STUDYING.— Thinking. 

Well,  I  think  my  sen  as  oher  much  studyin'  duz  n't  do  noabody  ony 
good,  an'  very  of'ens  a  vast  sight  o'  harm. 

A  person  plunged  in  a  reverie  is  said  to  be  studying. 

STUFF.— (i)  To  cram  with  food. 

(2)  To  impose  upon. 

Doan't  stuff  th'  bairn  head  full  o1  taales  aboot  boggarts  an'  ghoasts ;  if 
ta  duz  she  weiin't  dar'  to  goa  to  th'  well-trough  by  her  sen. 

STUFFED  CHINE.— The  salted  and  dried  chine  of  a  pig,  in 
which  slits  are  made,  which  are  stuffed  with  various  herbs. 
It  is  then  boiled  and  eaten  cold. 

STUMP,  v.— To  kick. 

He  call'd  me  a  theaf,  an'  my  missis  a  whoare ;  soa  I  stump'd  his 
arse. 

STUMP  AND  RUMP,  adv.— Totally  ;  entirely. 

The  baailiffs  hes  clean'd  him  oot  stump  and  rump.     See  GATE  AND 
STOUP. 


584  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

STUMPS,  s.pL— The  legs. 

"  For  Witherington  needs  must  I  wayle 

As  one  in  too  full  dumpes, 
For  when  his  leggs  were  smitten  of 
He  fought  vpon  his  stumpes." 

Chevy  Chase,  Percy  Folio,  ii.,  14. 

STUMPY.— Short;  thick-set. 

STUN  (stun).— (i)  A  stone. 
(2)  A  stone  in  weight. 

STUNT,  adj. — (i)  Obstinate  ;  impassive  ;  sullen. 
As  stunt  as  a  hammer. 
As  stunt  as  a  naail. 
As  stunt  as  a  dead  worm. 

(2)  Cut  off  abruptly. 

That  theare  trea  top's  taa'en  off  clean  stunt. 
It's  broken  off  as  stunt  as  a  carrot. 

STUNT,  v.— To  be  stunt. 

Doan't  saay  noht ;  I'd  let  her  stunt  it  oot  if  I  was  thoo. 
Master  Robad,  O,  how  he  stunt. 

STUPID,  adj. — Obstinate  ;  not  dull  of  comprehension. 
It's  no  ewse  to'nin'  stewpid,  I  shall  hev  it  dun. 

STURGEON.— (i)  This  fish  when  caught  in  the  Trent,  who- 
soever may  be  the  captor,  is  the  property  of  the  lord  of  the 
manor,  in  whose  jurisdiction  it  is  taken.  The  customary 
fee  for  bringing  a  sturgeon  is  6s.  8d. 

(2)  A  short,  stifHy-built  man. 

STURM.— (i)  A  storm. 

(2)  A  blast,  that  is,  the  period  of  time  during  which  frost  and 
snow  lasts. 

I  niver  knaw'd  noht  o'  that  soort  my  sen,  bud  my  faather  ewst  to 
saay  as  he  could  remember  a  sturm  'at  begun  o'  Christmas  Eave  an' 
lasted  wi'oot  a  braake  fer  tho'teen  weeks. 

(3)  The  stem  of  a  tree. 

STURRUP.— (i)  A  stirrup. 

(2)  The  endless  band  by  which  a  shoemaker  fastens  his  work 
to  his  knee. 

STURRUP  OIL.— Oil  of  strap  (q.v.) 

STURM-COCK.— The  storm-cock,  that  is,  the  missel-thrush. 

STYE,  STYNE  (stei,  stein).— An  inflamed  spot  on  the  eye-lid. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  685 

SUB  (sub). — A  shrub.     Compare  SIMPS. 

"  Ther'  's  noa  plaace  wheare  subs  graws  soa  well  as  up  o'  warp 
land." — John  Dent,  Yaddlethorpe,  circa  1841. 

SUCH,   SUCHEN.— Such.     These  two  forms   are   not   used 
indefinitely ;  suchen  has  always  the  indefinite  article  after  it. 
I  niver  heard  suchen  a  storier  as  thoo  is  e'  all  my  life,  Eliza. 
Suchen  a  spree  as  that  nobbut  cumsonce  or  twice  i'  a  man's  life-time. 

SUCH  LIKE.— In  the  same  or  the  like  state. 
John  :  "  How's  Mary  ? " 

William:  "Oh,  she's  such  like;  I  can't  see  noa  difference  sin'  you 
seed  her  last. 

SUCK,  SUCK-IN.— (i)  An  imposition  ;  a  cheat. 
(2)  A  disappointment. 

SUCKER.— A  sucking  pig. 

SUCKHOLE. — One  who  deceives  or  cheats. 

SUCKHOLE,  v.— To  deceive ;  to  cheat. 

SUCK-IN,  v.— To  deceive  ;  to  cheat. 

He  was  nistly  suckt-in  by  her ;  he  thoht  she'd  three  thoosand  pund 
e'  th'  bank,  an'  ther'  was  noht  at  all,  as  he  fun  oot  when  thaay'd  gotten 
wedded. 

SUDDEN  CALL.— Death. 

He'd  a  sudden  call,  well  at  dinner-time,  an'  dead  afoore  tea. 

SUDS,  TO  BE  IN  THE.— To  be  in  a  mess;  to  be  in  trouble. 
Always  used  in  a  half  jesting  way. 

"We  may  hap  to  be  in  the  suddes  ourselves." — Dicke  of  Devonshire, 
quoted  in  The  Academy,  Sept.  15,  1888,  p.  170,  where  the  phrase  is 
stated  to  occur  also  in  Captain  Underwit,  1640,  and  in  Elvira,  1667. 

SUFF   (suf). — An    under-drain.      This   word    is    pronounced 
"  sough  "  in  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire. 

Th'  land  at  Sawcliff 's  e'  rig  an'  fur,  an'  th'  men  "at  put  in  th'  suffs 
hes  follow'd  th'  levil  o'  th1  top  o'  th'  land,  soa  thaay  're  not  to  a  bit  o' 
ewse. 

A  school-inspector  some  years  ago  asked  a  child  at  Willoughton 
"  What  is  the  name  of  that  which  carries  water  away  from  the 
buildings?"  The  boy  replied,  "a  suff."  The  inspector  did  not 
understand  what  the  lad  meant,  and  asked  for  an  interpretation  from 
the  clergyman's  wife,  who  was  standing  by.  She  was,  however,  a  lady 
from  southern  parts,  and,  therefore,  unable  to  tell  him. 

SUFFING. — The  act  of  putting  in  under-drains. 
SUGG,  v. — To  deceive. 


536  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SUIT,  v. — To  be  satisfied  or  pleased. 

Oor  Bill's  just  suited  noo  he's  getten  into  th'  quere  wi'  a  white 
svrplice  on. 

I  was  n't  suited  wi1  what  he  said,  soa  I  gev  warnin'  to  leave. 

Maaster  was  n't  suited  by  a  long  waay  upo'  accoont  o'  dinner  bein 
late. 

SUKY.— A  child's  name  for  a  tea-kettle. 

"  Suky  set  the  kettle  on  and  let's  have  some  tea,"  is  a  line  of  a  once 
popular  song  which  I  cannot  recover. 

SUM'ATS  (surrruts). — Something;  somewhat. 

Gie  me  sum'ats  to  drink,  I'm  o'must  clamm'd. 

The  wife  of  a  small  farmer  said  to  a  lady  :  "  Hey,  miss,  when  I  was 
a  lass  I  ewsed  to  think  as  I  should  like  to  be  rich,  an'  a  great  lady — a 
coontess  or  sum'ats  o'  that  soort — but  noo,  when  I  read  e'  th'  paapers 
Cox  brings  us,  what  them  poor  things  hes  to  gea  through,  I'm  well 
contented  wi'  my  sen  as  I  am."  The  paper  from  which  the  old  woman 
derived  her  biographies  of  countesses  was  The  London  Journal. 

SUMMER,  v. — To  depasture  cattle  in  summer. 

I've  hed  to  sell  eleven  yung  beas' ;  th'  pasters  is  soa  laate  ta  year  I 
could  n't  summer  'em.  See  WINTER. 

SUMMER-EAT,  v. — To  use  land  for  summer  pasture. 

SUMMER-TILLED,  ^'.—Summer-fallowed;  ploughed  in 
summer,  said  of  land. 

SUMMERINGS,  s.  pl.—K  kind  of  apple  which  is  ripe  early. 

SUN. — A  person  who  is  intoxicated  is  said  to  have  been  "  in  the 
sun." 

SUNDAY. — (i)  To  look  both  ways,  or  nine  ways,  for  Sunday, 
is  to  gaze  about  in  a  vacant  or  foolish  manner,  indicating 
that  you  are  not  giving  attention  to  what  is  being  said  to 
you.  This  perhaps  alludes  to  a  belief  which  is  prevalent 
elsewhere,  though  not  here,  as  far  as  the  writer  is  aware, 
that  a  child  born  on  Thursdays  is  sure  to  squint,  because 
it  must  "look  both  ways  for  Sunday. ," — Monthly  Packet, 
Jan.,  1875,  10.  Craven  Gloss.,  ij.,  180. 

(2)  To  tell  a  person  that  you  will  do  this  or  that  "some 
Sunday  in  the  middle  of  next  week,"  means  that  you  will 
never  do  it  at  all. 

SUN-DOGS,  s.pl.— False  suns. 

I  think  we  shall  hev  moore  raain;  I've  been  seem' sun-dogs  all  daay. — 
Bottesford,  Feb.  3,  1868. 

SUNDOWN.— Sunset. 


MANLEY  ANb  cokkiNckAM  WORDS.  53? 

SUNHOLES,  s.  pi. — The  round  windows  in  the  Norman 
tower  of  Winterton  Church  are  called  sunholes,  probably 
from  their  shape,  as  we  speak  of  a  rose-window  or  a 
wheel-window. 

SUP. — A  small  quantity  of  liquid. 

Muther's  very  poorly,  an'  hes  sent  to  see  if  you'll  gi'e  her  a  deary 
sup  o'  brandy. 

Ther's  been  a  nist  sup  o'  raain  this  last  daay  or  two.  That  is,  a  fitting 
quantity,  neither  too  much  nor  too  little. 

SUP,  v.— (i)  To  drink. 

(2)  To  swallow  liquid  with  a  spoon. 

Sup  that  broth  up,  an'  then  I'll  gie  you  sum  puddin'. 

SUPPER  UP,  v. — To  give  horses  or  cattle  their  evening 
fodder. 

"  On  Saturday  night  when  I  was  suppering  up  my  pony." — Stamford 
Mercury,  Oct.  20,  1876. 

"  And  far  and  near,  the  motley  group, 
Anxious  claim  their  suppering  up." 

John  Clare,  Summer  Evening. 

SUPPOSE.— To  understand,  or  know  certainly. 

I  suppodse  he's  dead,  for  I  was  at  th*  funeral. 

Parson :  "Is  that  lad  driving  the  cows  your  son,  Tom  ?  " 

Yeoman  :  "  Well,  I  suppoase  soa ;  his  muther  alus  says  he  is. 

SURELINS.— Surely. 

He'll  be  hoame  to  neet  sewerlins. 

SURENESS.— Certainty. 

I  believe  it  was  him,  bud  I  could  n't  saay  for  sewerness ;  he  was  oher 
far  off. 

SUSPICION,  v.— To  suspect. 

My  faather  alus  suspicion'd  him  o'  stealin'  his  baacon. 

SUTHER,  v.— To  simmer. 

I  got  a  sup  o'  vinegar  an'  a  bit  o1  sugar,  an'  suther'd  it  e'  th1  uven,  an1 
it  cured  my  cough,  or  nearly. 

SWAD,  SWOD.— (i)  A  pod. 

When  you  've  pull'd  them  beans,  thraw  th'  swxds  to  th'  pigs. 
(2)  The  swarth  or  skin  of  bacon. 

'SWADE,  v. — To  persuade. 

It  was  that  theare  offil  lass  a  'swaaded  him  to  it,  an'  noht  else. 

SWAG.— (i)  Money;  valuables. 
(2)  Plunder. 


538  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

SWAG,  v. — To  become  relaxed  ;  to  bend. 

That  plank  swags  oher  much  e'  th'  middle;  I  darri*t  walk  across  it. 
We  mun  hev  yon  roape  draw'd  a  bit  tighter;  it  swags  a  deal. 

'SWAGE,  v. — To  assuage. 

I  gev  him  a  drop  o'  lodlum  to  'swaage  his  paain. 

SWALLOW-HOLE.— A  hole  in  a  stream  or  ditch  where  the 
water  runs  into  the  ground. 

There's  a  swallow-hodle  e'  th'  dike  atwean  them  two  to'nop  cloases, 
an'  anuther  o'  th'  sooth  side  o'  Beauchamp  cloase. 

"  Higher  up  the  hill  .  .  .  there  are  various  swallow-holes  into 
which  the  surface  water  runs  "— Prestwich's  Geology,  ii.,  439. 

SWAN  MARK. — The  swans  in  the  waters  of  this  county  were 
marked  by  their  respective  owners  on  the  bill,  and  registers 
of  these  marks  were  preserved.  Several  of  these  are  yet 
in  existence.  The  mark  of  my  own  forefathers,  the 
Peacock's  of  Scotter,  was  a  symbol  like  two  V's,  point  to 
point,  with  a  stroke  between  them: 

y 
A 

Cf.  your,  of  Roy.  Archaological  Institute,  xlj.,  291. 

SWAP  (swop),  v. — To  exchange. 

A  jury,  at  the  quarter  sessions  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  who  had  one 
refractory  member,  after  being  told  several  times  that  they  must  consult 
till  they  were  all  agreed,  the  foreman  suddenly  rose  .  .  .  and, 
addressing  the  chairman,  said,  in  the  broadest  vernacular,  "  If  you 
please,  sir,  could  n't  we  swap  him?"  meaning  exchange  him  for  a 
more  pliable  material. — Sir  C.  H.  J.  Anderson,  Lincoln  Pocket  Guide,  15. 

SWAPE  (swaip). — (i)  The  sweep  of  the  scythe. 

(2)  The  right  of  mowing  grass  for  hay.      See  Cowel,  Law 
Diet.,  sub  voc.  Swepage  Swatha,  Coke's  Institutes,  j.,  4,  B  ed., 
1684. 

"It  is  agreed  that  )>e  Prior  and  Convent  of  Malton  .  .  .  shall 
have  swape  of  certain  meadows." — Agreement  between  Prior  of  Malton  and 
Par.  of  Winterton,  1456,  in  Archaologia,  xl.,  238. 

(3)  A  lever. 

(4)  A  kind  of  large  oar,  used  for  ^propelling  keels  and  barges 
in  a  calm. 

(5)  The  pole  by  which   post-mills   are  turned  to  the  wind. 
Hence  such  mills  are  sometimes  called  swape-mills. 

(6)  The  handle  to  organ  bellows. 

SWAPE-WELL. — A  well,  from  which  water  is  raised  by  aid 
of  a  loaded  lever.     The  lever  itself  is  called  the 


ANb   CORRtNGHAM   WORDS. 

These  wells  were  once  common  here.  Wells  of  this  kind  existed  at 
Roxby,  Scunthorpe,  and  Saxby,  within  the  writer's  memory,  and  there 
is,  or  was  a  few  years  ago,  an  example  remaining  at  North  Kelsey.  A 
drawing  of  such  a  well  as  this  occurs  in  an  English  i2th  century 
manuscript  in  the  British  Museum  (Cotton,  MS.,  Nero,  c.  iv.,  fol.  17). 
An  engraving  of  it  is  given  in  Old  England,  j.,  73.  Cf.  Warburton, 
Journey  a  cross  the  Interior  of  Australia,  124;  Davis,  Anatolica,  124;  Palmer, 
Perlustration  of  Yarmouth,  iij.,  84;  Lane,  Modern  Egyptians,  5th  ed.,  327; 
Tennent,  Ceylon,  ij.,  533;  Du  Chaillu,  The  Land  of  the  Midnight  Sun,  ]., 
59.  A  swape-well  is  represented  in  Giovanni  Ballini's  picture  of  St.  Peter 
Martyr,  in  the  National  Gallery,  812.  In  the  Dictionarium  Rusticum, 
1726,  we  have  "  Swepe  or  swipe,  an  engine  having  cross-beams  to  draw 
water  with." 

SWAPPLE,  ^'.—Brittle. 

Poplars  doan't  mak  noht  like  such  good  thack-pregs  as  willa's,  thaay 're 
oher  swapple. — Bottesford,  March  5,  1881. 

SWARDED.— Laid  down  to  grass. 

That  gardin,  ther'  ewsed  to  be  at  th*  bank  end,  is  swarded  doon  real 
well,  an'  I'm  sartan  noa  seeds  was  niver  sawn  on  it. — W.  S.,  Bottesofrd, 
Feb.  1888. 

"Ground  is  said  to"  be  swarded  when  'tis  well  grown,  or  coated  over 
with  grass  and  other  herbs." — Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726;  sub  voc. 
sward. 

SWARM,  ».— To  climb. 
SWARMER.— (i)  One  who  climbs. 

SWARTH,   SWATH,   SWARD,    SWAD.— (i)   The  turf  of 
pasture  land. 

(2)  The  skin  or  tough  rind  of  bacon. 
SWARVE  (swarv),  v.— To  swerve. 

He  swarv'd  roond  and  chuck'd  th'  cart  oher  i'to  th'  dyke. 

"  What  conspiracy  is  this,  that  all  women  alike  haue  affection  to  the 
selfe-same  things,  and  that  they  will  not  doe  all  things  commanded  by 
their  husbands,  neither  can  you  finde  any  that  have  swarued  anything 
from  the  naturall  disposition  of  others?" — Bernard,  Terence,  324. 

SWASH. — A  stroke  with  a  whip-lash. 

"  Then  the  dealers  through  the  streets  do  splash, 
An  swing  around  a  long  whip-lash, 
And  say,  my  lads,  come  stand  a  swash, 
And  let's  have  room  to  show  them. 
They  crack  their  whips,  and  curse,  and  swear, 
And  cry,  my  lads,  be  of  good  cheer, 
For  this,  my  lads,  is  Howden  Fair — 
How  do  you  like  the  Fair  at  Howden  ? 

Howden  Fair,  a  song,  i8th  cent, 

SWATH.—Swarth  (q.v.) 


540  itfANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

SWATHE. — (i)  The  width  covered  by  a  scythe  in  mowing. 

(2)  The  row  or  stretch  of  grass  or  corn  left  by  the  mower. 

(3)  A  measure  of  grass-land  in  an  open  pasture.     Such  a 
piece  is  commonly  6f  feet  wide. 

"  There  were  likewise  7  swathes  of  meadow  in  a  place  called 
Waddingham  Carr." — Norden,  Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey, 
1616,  22,  B. 

"  All  the  grass  land  in  the  Ings  are  laid  out  in  Gads  or  sivarths." — 
Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1787. 

(4)  A  long  and  narrow  soft  piece  of  linen  or  other  material 
which  is  wound   many  times  round  the  body  of  a  newly- 
born  babe. 

SWATHE-BALK.— The  ridge  left  by  the  scythe  between  one 
swathe  and  another. 

SWATHE-RAKE.— A  wooden  rake  with  wooden  teeth  and  a 
long  head.  It  is  pulled  by  both  hands  and  is  used  in  hay- 
making. 

"Two  yron  swath  rakes"  occur  in  the  Inventory  of  Thomas  Teanby,  of 
Barton-on-Humber,  1652. 

SWEAL,  v. — (i)  To  melt,  as  a  candle  does  when  it  burns 
irregularly.  Icel.  svoela,  to  singe. 

Hohd  can'le  stright,  it  's  swealin'  all  awaay. 

(2)  To  become  thin  rapidly. 

SWEALER. — A  speck  of  foreign  matter  in  the  grease  in  a 
candle,  which  causes  it  to  sweat. 

SWEAR  DOWN,  v. — To  assert  solemnly,  or  with  authority; 
generally  used  in  a  bad  sense. 

He  swoore  me  doon  as  he'd  paaid  all  as  he  aw'd  'em.  Well,  God  '11 
reward  him  fer  cheatin'  th'  wida'  an'  feytherless. 

You  nead  n't  begin  to  try  to  swear  me  doon  wi'  lees  like  them,  becos  I 
knaw  better. 

SWEAT,  v.— To  melt  away. 

That  rock-salt  I  put  oot  fer  th'  sheap  hes  sweated  itsen  all  awaay. 

SWEEP  OF  THE  SCYTHE.— the  right  of  cutting  grass  on 
another's  land,  either  because  the  crop  has  been  sold,  or  on 
account  of  some  peculiarity  in  the  tenure. 

"At  the  Nelthorpe  Arms  [Brigg] ,  Mr.  William  Watson  offered  for 
sale  the  sweep  of  the  scythe  of  15  acres  of  grass,  growing  in  front  of 
Scawby  Grove." — Hull  and  Lincolnshire  Times,  July  13,  1878. 


ivtANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  54l 

SWEE  T  GALE.— The  fragrant  bog  myrtle. 

SWEETHEART. — A  piece  of  thorn  or  briar  which  becomes 
attached  to  a  woman's  dress  and  drags  along  after  her. 

SWEETHEART,  v.— To  play  the  part  of  a  lover. 

SWEETING. — A   kind   of  apple   that   is   small,   sweet,    and 
ripens  very  early. 

"Amongst  the  rest  apples,  which  many  likewise  commend,  as  sweeting.'-, 
paiermaines,  pippins,  as  good  against  melancholy." — Rob.  Burton, 
Anat.  of  Mel.,  ii.  ed.,  1624,  p.  60. 

SWEET  PEPPER.— Pimento,  or  all  spice. 

SWEET-WORT,  SWEET-LIQUOR.— The  wort  in  brewing 
before  the  hops  are  added. 

"  I've  filled  a  sweet-wort  dish,  and  drank  at  will." 

John  Clare,  The  Rivals. 

SWEETY.— (i)  A  sweetheart. 

(2)  A  term  of  endearment  used  to  a  child. 

SWEETY,  «#.— Sweet;  good;  pleasant. 

It's  a  sweety  fine  mornin',  sir. 

This  is  sweety  haay  weather. — July  i,  1887. 

SWEDES.— Swede-turnips. 

Them  is  n't  to'nups,  sir,  thaay're  swedes. 

SWEIGH,  v.— To  lean  heavily  upon. 

S weigh  upo'  my  shouther,  sir,  I  shan't  fall. — Sept.  12,  1876. 

SWELTERED,  ^.—Overpowered  by  heat. 

I  was  straange  an'  sweltered  yisterdaay. — Aug.  16,  1875. 

SWIFT. — Burning  rapidly. 

Oor  last  coals  was  as  swift  as  sticks. 

SWIG.— (i)  Strong  drink. 

That's  good  swig  Joa's  getten. 

(2)  A  drink. 
Give  us  a  swig  o'  thy  bottle,  Ben. 

SWIG,  v.~ To  drink. 
SWILL.— Hog-wash. 

SWILL,  SWAUL.— To  throw  water  on  a  pavement  for  the 
purpose  of  washing  it. 


MAKLEY  AND  CORRlNGHAM  WORDS. 

SWILL,  v. — To  drink  inordinately. 

"He  came  puffing  and  blowing  to  my  house  in  the  euening     .     . 
well  swilled  with  wine." — Bernard,  Terence,  361. 

SWILL-TUB. — A  tub,  usually  standing  near  the  farm-house 
kitchen  door,  in  which  refuse  food,  milk,  &c.,  is  put  to  be 
given  to  the  pigs. 

In  a  Fairfax  Inventory,  taken  in  1624,  three  swills  are  among  the 
furniture  of  the  wash-house. — Archtzologia,  xlviii.,  p.  147. 

SWIM.— (i)  Spilt  water. 

What  a  swim  you've  maade  wi'  tipein'  that  theare  bucket  oher. 

(2)  The  water  which  lies  on  land  or  roads  after  rain. 

It  siled  doon  all  neet,  an'  when  I  got  up  oor  gravil  was  all  of  a  swim. 

I've  been  up  o'  Car-Dyke  laane  this  mornin'  an'  that  land  o' 
Bletcher's  is  all  in  a  swim,  o'must  as  bad  as  when  th'  cloaver  was  on  it 
e'  cock,  an'  ther's  not  been  noa  raain  sin  Frida'. —  W.S.,  Bottesford, 
Nov.  7,  1888. 

SWrIM,  v. — To  cause  to  swim,  generally  used  regarding  horses 
forced  into  the  water  by  their  riders. 

"  Tom  Shig  once  swimm'd  his  poany  oher  th'  Trent  at  Butterwick." — 
W.  E.  H.,  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1885. 

"  For  swimming  his  horse  through  a  stormy  sea." — White,  Line. 
Directory,  1882,  688. 

SWIMMER. — A  piece  of  flat  wood  put  into  a  bucket  to  hinder 
the  water  from  splashing  over  the  sides  when  carried. — 
Bottesford,  July,  1885. 

SWIM  WITH.— To  follow  suit ;  to  agree  with. 

Oor  Arabella  swims  wi'  your  Mary  e'  ivery  thing  she  says  an'  duz. 

SWINE-COTE.— A  pig-sty. 

"That  euery  man  shall  haue  a  sufficient  swynne-coote,  and  vse  it  with 
his  swynne  accordyng  as  it  ought  to  be,  vpon  payne  of  euery  defalte 
iijs.  iiijd. " — Scatter  Manor  Records,  1557. 

In  the  "  Pena  et  Ordines  "  of  the  manor  of  Little  Carlton,  made  in 
1603,  it  is  provided  that  "  Eurie  householder  shall  make  a  sufficiente 
swinecote  betwene  this  and  Christmas  next  in  payne  of  eurie  defaulte 
vjs.  viijd-" 

SWINGE,  v.— To  singe. 

SWINGEING  (swinj-in),  adj. — Large;  heavy;  fine. 

Them's  swingcin'  big  taaters. 

I've  hitten  mysen  a  swingein1  big  nawp  oher  th'  head. 

SWING-GATE. — A  gate  which  catches  on  a  fastener  within 
the  post  and  consequently  opens  either  way. 


MAMLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

SWINGLE.— That  part  of  a  flail  which  acts  as  a  beater. 
"  While  distant  thresher's  swingle  drops 
With  sharp  and  hollow-twanking  raps." 

John  Clare,  Autumn. 

SWINGLE,  v. — To  beat  hemp  or  flax  for  the  purpose  of 
detaching  the  fibre  from  the  woody  matter  of  the  stalks.  A 
man  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  who  was  usually  employed  in 
this  work,  went  by  the  name  of  Swingling  Billy. — E.A.W.P. 

"  Hempe  vnpillid  and    flaxe  vnswyngled  xvjs.    viijd. " — Inventory  of 
Will.  Gebon,  of  Sutterton,  1538. 

SWINGLE-TREE.— The  piece  of  wood  to  which  the  horses 
are  attached  when  yoked  to  harrows. 

SWINZE,  v. — To  thaw  by  artificial  means. 

If  taaties  gets  well  froz  you  can't  swinze  it  off  on  "em  agean,  do  what 
you  will. 

SWIPES.— Thin  poor  beer. 

SWIPPLE,  SWIVEL.— That  part  of  a  flail  which  acts  as  a 
beater. 

SWIPPLER. — A  heavy  blow  which  makes  a  person  stagger. 

SWITCH.— (i)  A  twig. 
(2)  A  light  whip. 

SWITCHER.— Something  very  excellent. 

Well,  that  bull  fra  Glo'stersheer  is  a  switcher ;  ther's  been  noht  like 
him  e'  thease  parts  afoore. — May,  1886. 

SWITCHING,  adj.— Very  quick. 

He  went  at  a  switchin'  paace  thrif  Corringham  toon  streat. 

SWIVEL-EYE.— A  squint. 
SWIZZENED,  adj.— Shrivelled ;  wrinkled. 

SWIZZLE.— (i)  Any  sort  of  strong  drink. 

(2)  A  contemptuous  term  for  unwholesome  or  weak  drink. 

SWOD.— (i)  Swad  (q.v.) 
(2)  A  sword. 

SWORD-GRASS. — The  name  of  several  kinds  of  grass  and 
flags  which  grow  in  or  near  to  water. 
"On  the  oat-grass,  and  the  sword-grass,  and  the  bulrush  in  the  pool." 

Tennyson,  New  Year's  Eve. 


544  MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS'. 

SWOUND.— A  swoon. 

She  fell  e'  a  dead  swound  into  th'  panchion  o'  paaste  that  was  lightenin' 
afoore  th'  kitchen  fire. 

"I  wakened  in  the  Hermitage, 
Up  from  my  heavy  swound, 
Thanks  to  the  leech,  who  would  not  cease 
From  probing  of  my  wound." 

W.  E.  Aytoun,  Bothwell,  ad.  ed.,  1857,  p.  46. 

SWOUND,  v.— To  faint. 

He  swounded  awaay  fra  loss  o'  blood. 

SYKE. — A  small  brook  or  stream  (obsolescent). 

"  Beneath  Miclehowses  or  Triplinghowses  or  beneath  any  sik 
between  them." — Scatter  Manor  Roll,  1599. 

"  It  neither  grew  in  syke  nor  ditch, 

Nor  yet  in  ony  sheugh ; 
But  at  the  gates  o'  P5aradise 
This  birk  grew  fair  eneugh." 

The  Wife  of  Usher's  Well,  in  Border  Min., 
ed.  1861,  vol.  ii.,  p.  258. 

'SYLUM.— An  asylum. 

Thaay  saay  as  he's  spent  six  thoosand  pund  oher  that  theare  hoose, 
an1  what  is  it  noo  he's  dun,  why,  it  looks  fer  all  th' warld  like  th'  backside 
on  a  'sylum. — Messingham,  Feb.  1887. 

Foaks  that  end  the'r  munny  e'  that  how  want  sendin'  to  th'  'sylum  ; 
thaay're  good  to  noht  else.— G.T.,  1885. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  545 


TA  ! — Thank  you  (a  child's  word). 

TA,pron.— Thou. 

Are  ta  gooin1  to  be  wed  soon,  William  ? 

TAAKE,  v.— Take. 

TAATIE,  TAATER.— A  potatoe. 

TAATIE-DEMMUCK.— The  potatoe  disease  or  epidemic. 

The  late  Reverend  James  Aspinall,  rector  of  Althorpe,  in  the  Isle  of 
Axholme,  was  once  talking  to  several  Isle  farmers  on  an  exciting  political 
question  of  the  hour,  and,  in  support  of  some  statement  he  made,  quoted 
the  Spectator  newspaper.  "Well,  really  me,"  exclaimed  one  of  his 
auditors,  "  what  queer  naames  them  Lunnun  chaps  does  give  to  the'r 
newspaapers  noo-a-daays!  why,  I  lay  thaay've  called  that  paaper  th' 
parson's  talkin'  on  th'  Speckt  taater  all  up'  accoont  o'  us  hevin'  th1 
taatie-demmuck . 

TAATIE-GRAAVE. — Apotatoe-pie,  or  perhaps  more  correctly 
the  surrounding  hollow  from  which  the  covering  earth  has 
been  taken. — Bottesford,  1885.  The  word  is  rare. 

TAATIE-HANDS,  s.  pi.— Women  and  children  employed  in 
planting,  picking,  or  sorting  potatoes. 

TAATIE-HAPPING.  — Straw  used  for  covering  potatoes. 
When  potatoes  are  picked  they  are  first  gathered  into 
small  heaps  on  the  land  and  "happed  down"  with  straw. 
When  all  the  potatoes  in  a  close  are  picked  they  are  then 
made  into  a  large  heap  or  "  pie."  This  "  pie  "  is  first 
"  batted  "  down  with  a  thick  coat  of  straw  and  then  after  a 
time  covered  with  earth ;  if  the  earth  is  put  on  too  soon  it 
causes  the  potatoes  to  rot. 

TAATIE-PICKERS,  s.  pl.—Tatie  hands  (q.v.) 

TAATIE-PIE-TALK. — The  conversation  that  goes  on  between 
women  sitting  sorting  potatoes  round  a  pie,  and  hence  any 
loose  or  foolish  women's  gossip. 

You  may  tell  'em  I'm  not  a  gooin'  to  hev'  taatie-pie-talk  like  that  wheare 
I  'm,  maister;  its  real  howerly,  thaay  mud  be  shaam'd  o'  the'r  sens. 


546  MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

TAATIE-TIME.— Potato  harvest. 

TAATTE-TOPS. — A  term  of  abuse,  because  potato  haulms, 
are  the  most  utterly  worthless  thing  to  be  found  on  a  farm. 
Be  off  wi'  ye,  you  ohd  taatie-tops. 

TAATIE-TRAP.— The  mouth. 

TAATIE-WOMEN,  s.  //.—Women  who  act  as  taatie  hands  (q.v.) 

TAB. — A  tag ;  the  metal  end  of  a  boot-lace ;  the  pieces  of 
shoes  to  which  buckles  are  fastened. 

TABBY-CAT.— A  grey  cat ;  a  cat  brindled  or  diversified  in 
colour,  but  with  only  dull  tints  in  its  coat. 

TABERNACLE.— A  canopy  (obsolete). 

"  Belton  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  .  .  .  one  rood-loft  with  a 
tabernacle  whearin  imageis  stood." — 1566,  Line.  Ch.  Goods,  44. 

"  Wrought  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  .  .  .  the  tabernacles  whearin 
the  xij  apostles  stode  with  other  popish,  papistical,  and  supersticous 
idols." — Ibid,  170. 

TABLE. — "  You  have  your  legs  under  a  very  good  tadble"  that 
is,  you  are  very  well  off;  you  have  no  reason  for  complaint. 

TABLE-CASE.— (Obsolete). 

"  For  table-case,  the  beame  &  hordes  of  the  rood-loft." — Kirton-in- 
Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1565. 

TABLE  OF  IMAGES.— (Obsolete.)  Probably  images  worked 
in  relief;  perhaps  a  shelf  or  canopy  in  which  images  stood. 

"  Belton  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme  .  .  .  another  table  of  images.'" — 
1566,  Line.  Ch.  Goods,  44. 

TABLES,  SERVING. — The  extreme  ignorance  of  some  local 
preachers  of  former  days  cannot  be  realized  without  effort. 
About  forty  years  ago  the  author  heard  one  of  these 
persons  preach  a  sermon  in  the  Wesleyan  Chapel  at 
Messingham,  in  which  he  held  forth  at  great  length  against 
the  "  soul-destroying  heresy  "  that  "  good  works  "  merit  an 
eternal  reward.  As  a  confirmation  of  his  argument  from 
Holy  Scripture  he  quoted  the  passage  (Acts  vj.,  2),  "  Then 
the  twelve  called  the  multitude  of  the  disciples  unto  them, 
and  said,  it  is  not  reason  that  we  should  leave  the  word  of 
God  and  serve  tables."  The  good  man  thought  the  tables 
therein  spoken  of  were  those  on  which  the  ten  commandments 
given  to  Moses  were  written,  and  went  on  at  great  length 
to  demonstrate  that  the  apostles  themselves  had  hereby 
shewn  how  the  gospel  they  preached  had  superseded  them, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  547 

TACKMAN. — A  manorial  officer  whose  duty  it  was  to  collect 
the  rents  and  fines  due  to  the  lord. 

TADGER. — The  centre  marble  in  a  game  at  marbles, 

TA'EN,  /#.—(i)  Taken. 

He's  taa'en  to  markit  three  samples  o'  wheat. 

(2)  Taken  prisoner. 

Thaay  've  taa'en  him  sumewheare  e'  Yerksheer. 

(3)  Taken  ill. 

It's  a  munth  sin'  I  was  taa'en,  an'  I've  niver  been  oot  o'  bed  sin*. 

TA'EN  IT  TO  DO.— Taken  to  a  thing  in  earnest ;  to  throw 
great  energy  into  an  undertaking. 

He's  straange  an'  fierce  oher  the  job,  he's  real  taa'en  it  to  do. 
When  a  person  makes  a  series  of  blunders,  or  several  misfortunes 
happen  in  succession,  he  is  said  to  have  taa'en  it  to  do.  "  Well,  if  you'll 
beleave  me,  when  I  cum'd  in  fra  th'  barn,  George  hed  tum'led  doon 
graainry  steps,  Sarah  Ann  hed  cutten  her  sen,  an'  theare  was  Polly, 
she'd  fall'd  doon  wi'  her  head  agean  fender,  an'  I  says,  '  Well,  really, 
Sarah  Ann,'  says  I,  '  I  think  all  on  ye  mun  ha'  taa'en  it  to  do.'  " 

TA'EN-JOB,   TA'EN    WORK.— Work   on   a   farm   done  by 
contract  as  distinguished  from  work  done  by  the  day. 

TAFFLE.— (i)  Anything  entangled. 

Th'  cat  maade  all  th'  silk  e'  sich  'n  a  taffle,  I  was  a  nooer,  if  I  was 
minnit,  afoore  I  could  get  it  reightled. 

(2)  A  confused  argument  or  business  transaction. 

Fo'st  he  said,  an'  then  she  said,  an  then  the'r  lawyers  hed  each  on 
'em  a  wo'd  or  two  a  peace,  till  it  got  to  be  sich  'n  a  real  taffle  I  seem'd 
to  knaw  a  deal  less  then  when  we  started. 

TAFFLE,  v.— To  entangle. 

TAFFLINGS,  s.  pi. — The  bits  of  thread  which  come  off  any 
woven  fabric  when  it  is  cut. 

TAG. — (i)  The  metal  end  of  a  boot  lace.     See  TAB. 

(2)  A  small  portion  of  the  mane  of  a  draught -horse  which  is 
gathered  together  and  pleated  into  a  cord. 

The  will  of  John  Sleyght,  of  Santon,  in  the  parish  of  Appleby,  made 
in  1551,  contains  a  bequest  of  "One  blak  tagged  kowe."  The  animal 
had  probably  some  of  its  long  hair  pleated  into  tags. 

TAIL.— (i)  The  hinder  part  of  a  cart. 

If  th'  magistraates  did  what  was  reight  thaay'd  hev  sich  an  a  man 
flogged  at  a  cart-taail. 

(2)   A  following. 

When  .  .  .  cums  to  a  parish  meetin's  he  alus  brings  a  long  taailohmi  him. 

TAIL-BOARD.— The   movable   hind-board   of  a   cart.      See 
Bret  Harte,  The  Old  Major  Explains. 


548  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

TAIL,  TAIL-WATER.— The  water  which  has  run  beneath  the 
wheel  of  a  water-mill. 

"  It  works  immersed  in  the  tail-water,  so  that  no  part  of  the  fall  is 
lost." — Leeds  Mercury,  Oct.  i,  1875. 

TAIL-BAND.— A  crupper. 

TAILINGS,  TAIL-ENDS,  s.  //.— Hinderends;  that  is  refuse 
corn  which  is  blown  to  the  far  end,  or  tail  of  the  heap,  in 
the  process  of  dressing. 

TAIL  OVER  END. — Over  and  over;  over  head  and  heels. 

He  tum'l'd  taail  oher  end  doon  th'  stee. 

TAIL-SLOUGH.— The  outer  skin  of  the  tail  of  any  animal. 

TAIL-WORM. — A  disease  to  which  cows  that  have  recently 
calved  are  subject ;  believed  to  be  caused  by  a  worm  in  the 
marrow  of  the  tail.  It  is  really  paralysis  following  milk 
fever.  Ignorant  farriers  not  uncommonly  make  large  cuts 
in  the  tail  for  the  purpose  of  pulling  out  the  worm,  which 
they  profess  to  show.  The  object  extracted  is  a  sinew. 
See  Leonard  Towne,  Farmer  and  Grazier's  Guide,  1816,  67  ; 
Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726,  under  Worm  in  the  Tail. 

TAK. — (i)  A  take;  that  is,  so  much  work  taken  to  do  by 
contract. 

(2)  The  lease  of  a  farm,  or  the  take  of  it  from  year  to  year. 

Thomas  "W  indie  must  hev  gotten  a  rare  cheap  tak  o'  that  Greenhoe 
farm  ;  why,  it's  as  good  as  thof  it  was  his  awn. 

TAK'  v.— To  take. 

TAK'  AWAY,  v. — To  take  the  sheaves  from  the  waggoner  and 
give  them  to  the  man  who  builds  the  stack. 

You  can't  git  women  to  tak  awaay  upo"  th'  stack  as  thaay  ewsed  to 
do  ;  thaay  reckon  its  men's  wark  noo ;  it  was  n't  soa  when  I  was  yung  I 
can  tell  you. — 1880. 

TAK'  EFTER,  v.— To  resemble. 

That  bairn  tab's  efter  it  muther  wunderful. 

TAKEN,  TOOKEN,  pp.— Dead  ;  died. 

Buried  is  he  ?    Well,  I  thoht  'at  he'd  be  tooh'n  afoore  long  when 
seed  him  last  Scotter-shaw. 

TAKEN  ABACK,//.— Taken  unawares. 

TAKE- RENTS,  s.pl. — Rents  received  by  a  manorial  tackman 
(obsolete). 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  549 

TAK'  HOHD  ON. — (i)  To  move ;  to  affect  in  a  painful  manner. 

I  could  n't  ha'  beleaved  'at  onything  wo'd  ha'  took  hohd  on  him  as 
bairn's  death  did . 

(2)  To  cause  pain  or  illness. 

When  wind  fra  th'  east  cums  in  at  that  kitchen  door  it  taks  hohd  o' 
me  sorely  I  can  tell  ye.  Such  as  us  as  hes  rewmatics  duz  n't  want 
doors  and  winda's  oppen. 

(3)  To  exhaust ;  said  of  the  soil. 

I  alus  reckon  line  taks  hohd  on  th'  land  moore  then  oht  else  we  graw. 

TAK'  IN. — A  swindle;  a  deception. 

It's  a  scan'lus  tak  in,  as  oor  ohd  man  ewsed  to  saay  aboot  missionerries. 

TAKE  IN  THE  PREACHER.— A  term  used  by  members  of 
the  Methodist  bodies  for  giving  hospitality,  bed  and  board, 
to  the  itinerant  ministers. 

"  A  certain  holy  sister,  who  lately  kept  house  in  a  country  village 
within  ten  miles  of  London,  took  in  (as  they  call  it)  Mr.  Westley's 
preachers." — Life  of  James  Lackington,  1830,  p.  143. 

"  Oh,  squire,  squire,  I  wish  you  was  convarted  like  me  and  my  lads  ; 
you'd  leave  off  a  doin'  these  things  then,  an'  it  wad  do  you  a  power  o' 
good,  an'  th'  connection  an'  all,  'cause  then  you'd  tak'  in  th'  preachers." — 
Ralf  Skirlaugh,  ii.,  106. 

TAK'  OFF. — (i)  To  mimic  ;  to  make  fun  of. 

(2)  To  tak'  off  lambs,   calves,  or  foals,  is  to  separate  them 
from  their  mothers. 

TAK'  ON,  v. — To  be  excited  or  greatly  affected  by  either  sorrow 
or  anger. 

He  took  on  when  his  wife  deed  an'  niver  look'd  up  no  moore. 
She'll  tak1  on  tremendious  if  iv'ry  thing  is  n't  just  dun  to  suit  her. 

TAK'  TH'  LANES,  phr.—To  rent  the  right  of  grazing  the 
highways  and  by-lanes  of  the  surveyors  of  highways. 

TAK'  TH'  WRONG  WAY,/*.— (i)  To  become  worse. 

She  took  th 'wrong  waay  all  at  once  an'  was  dead  in  an  hooer  or  two. 
If  that  theare  mare  duz  n't  tak'  th'  wrong  waay  afoor  mornin',  e'  my 
opinion  you'll  bring  her  roond. 

(2)  To  be  offended  at  something  said  or  done  when  no  offence 
was  meant. 

I  was  tellin'  'em,  you  see,  aboot  sum  sprees  him  an'  me  was  mixed 
up  together  in  when  we  was  yung,  an'  he  took  it  th'  wrong  waay,  an'  we 
was  n't  maates  noa  moore  fer  twenty  year. 

TAK'  UP. — To  cease  raining ;  to  become  settled  weather. 

It  raain'd  iv'ry  daay  e'  Maay-munth,  but  when  Jewne  cum'd  it  took  up, 
an'  we'd  a  long  spell  o'  dry  weather. 


550  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

TAK'  UP  WP. — (i)  To  become  on  intimate  terms  with. 
Why,  squire,  I  niver  thoht  as  you'd  hev  taaen  up  wi"  him. 

(2)  To  become  engaged. 

Well,  efter  all  that's  past,  as  I  was  sayin',  she  took'  up  wi'  him  agean  at 
last. 

TALE.— A  falsehood. 

Oh,  you  must  n't  tak'  no  noatice  on  her,  she  tells  taales  ;  she's  a  real 
dobn  storier,  that's  what  she  is. 

TALK  FINE,  TO,  v.—  To  try  to  speak  dictionary  English,  as 
distinguished  from  folk-speech. 

Oor  Sabina  hes  gotten  to  talk  fine  noo  she's  been  to  Winterton  ;  when 
ony  body  tells  her  oht  e'stead  o'  saayin'  "Aw,"  she  says,  "I'm 
'stonished." 

Talking  fine  is  a  distinguishing  note  of  foolish  people  who  are  ashamed 
of  their  social  conditions  or  ancestry.  An  eminent  Scotchman  has 
said,  "  I  never  knew  the  man  who  deliberately  tried  to  be  rid  of  his 
natural  brogue  but  there  was  something  base  in  the  man." — Prof. 
Knight's  Principal  Shairp  and  his  Friends,  p.  132.  The  writer's  own 
experience  fully  bears  out  the  Scotchman's  statement. 

TALKING  TO.— A  scolding. 

Your  muther  '11  gie  you  a  good  talking  to,  I  knaw. 

TALK  OVER,  v. — To  wander,  as  people  do  in  delirium. 

TALLOW-CRAPS,  s.  pi.— Scraps  of  fat  which  remain  after 
the  tallow  has  been  extracted  by  boiling  for  making 
candles.  The  tallow-craps  are  pressed  into  cakes  and  used 
as  food  for  dogs. 

TAME  BEE. — Several  kinds  of  flies  not  much  unlike  bees. 
They  are  called  tame  bees  because  they  do  not  sting.  See 
STING  BEE. 

TAME  FLOWERS,  s.  //.—Garden  flowers  as  distinguished 
from  those  which  grow  wild.  A  child's  word. 

TAME-FLYER. — A  tame  duck  which  has  been  attracted  from 
a  farm-yard  by  wild-ducks  and  has  joined  them  in  a  decoy- 
pond. 

TAN,  v. — To  beat. 

I'll  tan  yer  hide  for  ye,  you  leein'  varment. 

Please,  sir,  I've  cum'd  for  a  summons  agean  .  .  .  he's  been  a 
tannin'  o'  oor  Jim. 

'T  ANDRA  BLAST.— Frost  and  snow  about  Saint  Andrew's 
day,  old  style. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  551 

'T  ANDRA  FAIR.— The  fair  held  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  on  the 
feast  of  Saint  Andrew,  old  style.  The  parish  church  is 
dedicated  to  Saint  Andrew,  but  by  an  error,  which  I  have 
been  unable  to  trace  further  back  than  Browne  Willis,  it 
has  been  described  in  most  of  the  popular  books  of  reference 
as  the  church  of  Saint  Peter  and  Saint  Paul. 

TANG.— (i)  The  tongue  of  a  buckle. 

(2)  The  tongue  of  a  snake  or  viper,  with  which  people  believe 
it  has  the  power  of  stinging. 

(3)  The  sting  of  an  insect. 

"So  her  offer  [i.e.  that  of  Saint  Mary  Magdalene]  would  have  been 
in  some  more  respective  manner,  her  touch  no  Easter-day  touch,  her 
tangere  had  a  tang  in  it." — Lancelot  Andrewes,  Sermon  of  the  Resurrection. 

(4)  A  sharp  acid  taste. 

"It  [the  wine]  left  no  unpleasant  tang  behind  it." — R.  Southey,  Lett, 
ed.  by  J.  W.  Warier,  ^'.,414. 

TANG,  v.— To  sting. 

My  bitch  was  tang'd  wi'  a  hetherd  among  th1  brackens  e'  Brumby 
wood. 

TANTL1NG.— Small;  trifling. 

I  like  sum'ats  one  can  stick  to,  not  a  tantlin'  job  like  this  here. 

TANTRUM.— Anger;  bad  temper. 

What  a  tantrum  thy  bairn  was  in,  all  aboot  noht. 
She's  a  bonny  woman,  but  subject  to  tantrums  when  things  duz  n't 
please  her. 

TAPE-NEEDLE.— A  bodkin. 

TAR-MARL,  TAR-MARLIN'.— Cord  steeped  in  tar,  used  for 
binding  the  thatch  on  stacks,  making  sheep  nets,  and  for 
other  similar  purposes. 

II  Netts  mending  and  tar  marie,  is.  7^.  " — Northorpe  Accounts,  1782. 
"He  got  some  tar-marline  and  tied  the  horse's  mouth,  and  pulled  its 

head  about,  but  the  tar-marline  broke  and  let  him  down,  and  the  cart 
went  over  him." — Stamford  Mercury,  Sept.  27,  1861. 

"  Play  no  doubt  he  had  with  vulgar  articles  called  whips  of  home 
manufacture,  where  a  thatch  peg  does  duty  for  a  stock  and  some 
platted  tarmarl,  stolen  from  the  roof  of  a  neighbouring  corn  stack, 
furnishes  the  lash." — Ralf  Shirlaugh,  i.,  190. 

TARRIER  (tar-r'i-ur).— (i)  A  terrier  dog. 
(2)  A  terrier  ;  that  is  a  catalogue  of  lands. 

TARRY. — A  terrier  ;  that  is  a  catalogue  of  lands. 

The  vicar's  been  to  ask  me  what's  becum'd  o*  th'  ohd  tarry. 
"For  giuinge   in  a  tarry  e   of  the  vickarage   land   iijd." — Kirton-in- 
Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1638. 


552  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TARS,  s.  /./.—Tares. 

TARTAR. — (i)  A  passionate  person. 
(2)  The  name  of  a  dog. 

TAR- WATER. — A  medicine,  the  use  of  which  was  advocated  by 
Bishop  Berkeley.  It  was,  at  the  beginning  of  this  century, 
a  popular  specific  among  the  poor  for  almost  all  the  physical 
ills  of  life.  Its  use  had  gone  out  among  the  upper  classes 
some  time  previously. 

"  Will.  :  I  tell  you  a  wife  is  out  of  date,  now-a-days ;  time  was — but 
that's  all  over.  A  wife's  a  drug  now,  mere  tar-water,  with  every  virtue 
under  heaven,  but  nobody  takes  it." — The  Way  to  Keep  Him,  1760,  Act  i. 

TASHEL.— (i)  A  tiresome  child. 

You  mucky  little  tashel  get  awaay  wi1  ye. — Bottesford,  Aug.,  1880. 

(2)  A  tassel. 

(3)  A  teasel. 

TASK.— A  lesson. 

Have  you  got  your  tasks  ready,  boys  ? 

TASK-WORK. — Taken  work  as  distinct  from  day-labour. 
TA-TA. — Good  bye  (a  child's  word). 

TATCHED  END.— A  cord  made  of  hemp  having  a  hog's 
bristle  at  the  end,  and  stiffened  with  shoemaker's  wax ; 
used  for  stitching  leather. 

TATCHY.— Tetchy ;  irritable  ;  said  of  children. 

TATTER-FOAL,  SHAG-FOAL.— A  hobgoblin  which  appears 
under  the  form  of  a  rough-coated  horse  or  foal.  The  word 
is  sometimes  applied  to  other  ghostly  animals. 

TAUNT,  v.— To  toss  the  head. 
TAVE,  v. — To  storm  ;  to  rage. 

TAVING  ABOUT.— Restless;  violent;  fidgetty. 

Tewing  and  taving  aboot  is  the  restless  condition  of  one  in  fever. 

TAW  (tau).— A  child's  marble. 

Th'  grund's  as  stiff  as  pie-paaste  ;  you  mud  mak  taws  oot  on  it  easy. — 
Eastoft,  1877. 

"I  .  .  .  thought  the  taws  were  reduced  by  friction  in  a  barrel  or 
tub." — Gentleman's  Magazine,  1773,  18. 

"  A  private  life  was  all  his  joy 

Till  in  the  court  he  saw 
A  something-pottle-bodied  boy 
That  knuckled  at  the  taw." 

Lord  Tennyson,  Will.  Waterproofs 
Lyrical  Monologue. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  553 

TAWDERED  UP,  #.— Dressed  in  vulgar  finery. 
TAZZLE  (taz-1).— A  teasle. 
TAZZLE,  v.— To  entangle. 
TEA,  CUP  OF.— 

"  You're  a  nice  cup  o"1  ted,"  you  are;"  that  is,  a  very  fine  fellow.  The 
phrase  is  commonly  used  in  irony. 

A  "  sore  cup  o'  ted  "  is  something  sad,  painful,  or  disgusting. 

It's  a  sore  cup  o'  ted  for  her  to  drink,  poor  lass,  and  what's  happen'd's 
been  through  no  fault  o'  her's  naaither. 

TEA,  v. — To  take  tea  with  another. 

He  cum  an'  ted'd  wi'  us  when  Sam  was  buried,  bud  he's  hed  noht 
bud  bad  wo'ds  for  us  iver  sin. — Bottesford,  Feb.  23,  1884. 
"  Eight  of  us  promised  to  meet  here 
And  tea  together  at  five." 

James  Thomson,  City  of  Dreadful  Night 
and  other  Poems,  1880,  82. 

TEACHED,/^.  /.—Taught. 

I've  tedch'd  school  at  Butterwick  afoore  you  was  born  1 

TEA-FEAST. — A  school  feast,  of  which  tea  and  cakes  form  a 
part. 

I  was  at  a  ted-fedst  at  East  Butterwick  o'must  fifty  years  sin,  an1 
thaay'd  decoraated  th'  plaace  wheare  it  was  wi1  maazes,  an'  thaay 
stunk  soa  thaay  maade  me  clear  badly. — Bottesford,  Oct.,  1887. 

TEAKLE,  v. — To  raise  by  means  of  pulleys  or  tedkle-pohls  (q.v.) 
A  woman  who  had  visited  Scarborough  said  that  at  the  Grand  Hotel 
there,  "  Thaay  tedkled  iv'ry thing  upstairs,  eaven  the'r  dinners." 

TEAKLE-POHLS — A  machine  for  raising  heavy  weights, 
formed  of  three  poles  meeting  at  the  top,  with  a  pulley  at 
their  junction. 

TEAM. — (i)  A  draught  of  oxen  or  horses. 

"  Their  teams  of  horses  properly  belonging  to  the  said  officers." — 
Articles  of  Surrender  of  Parliamentary  Army,  Sept.  i,  1644,  in  Rushworth's 
Hist.  Coll.,  part  iij.,  vol.  ij.,  p.  705. 

(2)  Harness  for  a  draught  of  horses  or  oxen. 

"  iij  waynes  with  themes  and  other  thjrnges  necessary  belongyng  unto 
theym." — Inventory  of  Monastery  of  Lylleshull  at  the  Dissolution,  in 
Archaologia,  vol.  xliij.,  p.  209. 

TEAM,  v.— (i)  To  pour. 

"  The  water  from  them  came  teeming  down  the  shafts." — Leeds 
Mercury,  Sep.  13,  1880. 

I  was  sittin'  by  th'  fireside  e'  my  stockin'  feetin',  an1  th'  soft  thing 
team'd  a  lot  o'  watter  oot  o'  th'  tea-kettle  up  o'  me. 

(2)  To  unload  a  cart  or  waggon. 


554  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TEAM  DOWN  WI'  RAIN.— To  rain  very  fast. 
TEAMER. — One  who  unloads  carts  or  waggons. 
TEAMFULL,  adj.— Teeming  ;  brimful. 

TEAR  ALONG.— To  go  very  fast. 

He  set  off  to  walk  fra  Brigg  an'  when  I  met  him  he  was  tedrin'  along, 
raate  o'  five  or  six  mile  an  hooer. 

"  The  Movastar  was  a  better  boat, 

But  the  Belle  she  would  n't  be  passed  ; 
And  so  she  come  tearin'  along  that  night — 

The  oldest  craft  on  the  line. 
With  a  nigger  squat  on  her  safety-valve, 
And  her  furnace  crammed,  rosin  and  pine." 

John  Hay,  Pike  County  Ballads,  Jim  Bludso. 

TEARING,  a^'.— Boisterous. 
What  a  tedrin'  bairn  thoo  art. 

Ther'  was  a  straange  tedrin'  wind  caame  on  all  of  a  sudden  yisterdaay. 
— July  i,  1887. 

TEAR  ABOUT,  v.— To  act  boisterously. 

Gi'e  oher  tedrin'  aboot  e'  that  how,  bairn  ;  its  enif  to  sicken  a  dog  to 
hear  the. 

TEARATION.— Romping;  noisy  play. 

TEATHY,  TEACH Y,  adj.— Tetchy;  peevish;  said  of  infants. 

TEK  (tek),  v.— To  take. 

TEKKEN  UP. — Entirely  absorbed  in  one  pursuit,  pleasure,  or 
duty. 

Black  bitch  is  tekken  up  wi'  them  pups.  She  thinks  a  sight  moore  on 
'em  then  sum  Christ'ans  duz  o'  the'r  childer. 

TEE-TAK-'EM-ALL.— A  teetotum. 

TEETH,  IN  SPITE  OF,phr. 

He'll  do  what  he  saays  in  spite  of  your  tedth. 

" Invitis  dentibus  suis." — Hundred  Court  of  Hythe,  temp.  Hen.  V.,  in 
Hist.  MSS.  Com.,  iv.,  432. 

TELL  (tel).— Tidings. 

We  tallygraphted  to  Doncaster,  bud  can't  hear  no  tell  on  him. 

TELL,  v. — To  recognize. 

I  could  tell  her  among  a  thoosand  foaks  onywheares. 

TELL  A  TALE,  phr. — When  anything  answers  well  it  is  said 
to  tell  a  tale. 

I  guanner'd  sum  o'  my  sweades,  an'  gev  t'  uthers  noht  bud  manner, 
an',  my  wod !  th'  guanner  duz  tell  a  taale  !  you  maay  see  wheare  it's  gone 
to  a  inch. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  555 

TELL-CLAT,  TELL-TALE-TIT.— A  talebearer;  mischief- 
maker. 

Tell-taale-tit,  yer  tung  shall  be  slit, 

TELL'D.— Told. 

I  o'must  thoht  that  theare  'd  be  a  big  tide,  cos  th'  almanac  man  tell'd 
me  on  it. — Burringham,  Aug.  18,  1.882. 

And  iv'ry  dog  e'  oor  toon  shall  hev  a  little  bit. 

Local  Rhyme. 

TEMS  (terns). — A  brewer's  sieve. 
TENNER.— A  tenon. 

TENT,  v.— (i)  To  hinder. 

Duz  he  saay  he  sweethearts  oor  Jaane  ?  If  he  cums  near  hand  I'll 
tent  him. 

I've  tented  my  bairns  fra  backin'  uther  foaks's  bills,  fer  I've  niver  hed 
'em  larnt  to  write  the'r  naames.  Said  by  a  cattle  dealer. 

(2)  To  scare  birds  from  corn  or  other  crops.     Tent  is  used 
either  of  the  things  watched  over,  or  the  things  guarded 
against. 

Oor  Bill's  tentin'  to'nup-sead  e'  th'  Beck-boddoms. 
When  I  was  a  lad  I  spant  moiist  o'  my  time  tentin'  craws  an'  stock- 
duvs. 

"I'd  give  you  the  congenial  occupation 
Of  scaring  crows  and  'tenting'  vegetation." 

Ph.  James  Bailey,  The  Age,  1858,  73. 

(3)  To  take  care  of  cattle  in  lanes,  or  in  an  open  pasture. 

TENT.— Tenth. 

TENTER,  TENTING-LAD.— A  boy  who  tents  (q.v.) 

TENTER-HOOKS. — Strong  iron  hooks  put  in  ceilings  and  the 
joists  of  buildings,  on  which  bacon  and  other  such  things 
are  hung. 

To  keep  on  tenter-hooks  is  a  proverb  signifying  to  keep  in  suspense. 
"  Tenter-hookes  "  were  bought  for  the  church  of  Louth  in  1634.—  Ch. 
Ace.,  sub  anno. 

TERECKLY  (terck-li),  add.— Directly. 

TERRACE. — A  raised  footpath  by  a  road  side,  as  Morton 
Terrace,  Kirton  Terrace. 

TERRIBLE.  —  Used  in  a  superlative  sense  without  any 
reference  to  terror. 

You've  gotten  a  terrible  lot  o'  books  e'  this  here  big  room  o'  yours, 
squire. 

Ther'  was  a  terrible  lot  o'foaks  cum  to  that  theare  Bottesford  witchin' 
do.  Th'  policeman  said  as  ther'  was  oher  three  thoosand  on  'em. 

A  man,  speaking  of  some  potatoes  grown  in  my  garden  in  1887,  said, 
"You'd  a  terrible  lot  o' Suttons  Abundances;  I  niver  seed  so  many 
taaties  upo'  th'  saame  sized  grund  e'  my  life." 


556  MAN  LEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TERZY. — A  game  in  which  any  number  of  players  form  in  a 
double  circle,  except  two,  one  of  whom  runs  in  front  of  any 
two.  The  other  outside  the  circle  runs  round  and  touches 
the  back  of  one  of  the  three,  who  in  his  turn  becomes  the 
catcher,  and  the  one  who  had  been  catching  goes  into  the 
middle  of  the  circle  to  take  the  place  of  the  first. 

TETTERS.— The  ringworm. 

"For  a  teter  or  ringe  worme,  stampe  celendine  and  apply  it  to  the 
grife,  and  it  will  quickly  cure  you." — MS.  Note  Book  of  Anne  Nevill,  of 
Ashby,  circa  1680. 

TEW  (teu),  v. — (i)  To  shake  ;  to  toss  about ;  to  keep  in  motion. 

That  haay  wants  tewin'  oher. 
Hes  that  mo'ter  been  well  tew'd  ? 

The  Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726,  has:  >(To  tew,  tug;  to  pull;  also  to 
beat  mortar  for  building." 

(2)  To  trouble ;  to  vex. 

Hester's  straange an'  tewed  'cos  his  parshil  fra  Lunnun  hesn't  cum'd. — 
Aug.  18,  1875. 

(SATURDAY  NIGHT). — He:  I've  cum'd  upon  a  raather  curus  errand. 
I  want  a  wife  real  bad,  I  do:  an'  I've  ax'd  th'  Loord  aboot  it,  an'  He 
said  as  I  was  to.goa  an'  see  you,  Bessy  Ruslin. 

She :  Oh,  indeed,  did  He  ?  Well,  He  hesn't  said  noht  at  all  aboot  it 
to  me ;  bud  you  mud  just  as  well  drop  in  o'  Munda'  neet.  I'll  be  at  Him 
aboot  it  afoore  then. 

(MONDAY  NIGHT). — He :  Well,  how  is  it  gooin'  to  be,  lass  ?  I  hev  n't 
slep  a  wink  wi'  thinkin' 

She :  Then  thoo's  a  real  cauf ,  thoo  is.  What  did  the  tew  thysen  that 
how  for  ?  Thoo  mud  ha'  maade  thysen  sewer  if  the  Loord  was  for  the, 
I  should  n't  be  oot  o'  waays  setten  agen  the.  He  saays  I'm  to  tak  the, 
an'  quick,  soa  thoo  mun  be  off  an'  see  aboot  banns  ony  time. 

(3)  To  be  tired;  to  be  overcome  by  heat  or  by  great  exertion. 

It's  scarc'lin's  three  mile,  bud  what  wi'  sun,  an'  what  wi'  flees,  I  was 
fairly  tew'd  when  I  got  to  chech  door. — A.  C.,  1865. 

I  was  that  tew'd  and  tired  when  I  got  hoame,  I  think  I  could  ha'  slep' 
upo'  a  cloas-line. — H.  T.,  Bottesford,  1886. 

TEW  ABOUT.— To  be  in  constant  motion  or  fidget. 

Deary  me,  bairn,  do  sit  still ;  I  niver  seed  noabody  tew  aboot  as  thoo 
duz  e'  all  my  life. 

TEW  YOUR  SHIRT.— To  be  in  a  fidget. 

You  nead  n't  tew  yer  sliet  aboot  that,  for  it's  all  sattled. 

TRACK.— (i)  Thatch. 

(2)  Coarse  grass  growing  on  moors. 

"No  man  shall  fell  any  furres  .  .  .  nor  mowe  any  brakens  nor 
thacke  vppon  the  comons  of  Bottesford  &  Yaddlethorpe  without  the 
consent  of  the  Lord  vppon  payne  of  euery  such  offence  xs. " — Bottesford 
Manor  Records,  1621. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  557 

In  or  about  the  year  1815  the  author's  father,  the  late  Edward  Shaw 
Peacock,  was  shooting  at  Bottesford,  and  called  at  a  cottage  on  the 
common,  known  as  Lightfoot  House,  to  get  some  refreshment.  The 
old  woman  who  lived  there  entered  into  conversation  with  him,  and 
among  other  things  said  that  "  We've  so  mony  snaakes  and  hetherds 
we're  forced  to  set  th1  thack  afire  to  get  shut  on  'em."  Mr.  Peacock 
returned  home  and  told  his  father  that  there  were  so  many  snakes  and 
adders  at  Lightfoot  House  that  the  thatch  of  the  dwelling  had  to  be 
burnt  periodically  to  drive  them  away.  The  thack  that  the  old  woman 
meant  was  the  rough  grass  growing  around. 

THACK,  v.— To  thatch. 
TRACKER.— A  thatcher. 
THACK-PREG.— A  thatch-peg. 

THARM. — The  colon  or  large  bowel.  A.  S.  pearm.  Cf.  G.  and 
Du.  darm. 

"  Tharm,  guts  washed  for  making  hog's  pudding's." — Lincolnsh. 
Bailey's  Diet. 

THAT,  s.— (An  expletive).  ;^; 

He's  a  quiet  man,  bud  a  rare  un  at  oht ;  yes,  he  is  that. 

THAT  THERE.— See  THIS  HERE. 

THEAKER.— A  thatcher  (obsolete). 

"  For  a  day  to  a  theaker  xd. " — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1643. 

THEATER  (theeai-tur).— A  theatre.  This  was,  until  recent 
days,  the  fashionable  pronunciation.  Sir  William  Dugdale's 
Short  View  of  the  late  Troubles,  1681,  and  many  other  books 
published  at  Oxford,  at  about  the  same  period,  are  described 
on  the  title  pages  as  "  Printed  at  the  Theater." 

THEE.— The  thigh. 
THEM.— (i)  Those. 

Fetch  them  plaates  off  o*  th'  pantry  shelf. 

(2)  They. 

Wa'trus  an'  them  hes  boht  th'  wuts  o'  Titla's  among  'em 
Them  is  a  thuskin1  pair  o'  twins. 

THEN,  ow/.— Than. 

"It's  the  better  a  great  deale  then  the  greene  woman  he  brought 
throw  the  streete." — Bernard,  Terence,  305. 

"  Shallow  brooks  run  with  a  fiercer  current  and  make  a  greater  noise 
then  deeper  rivers  do." — Robert  Sanderson,  Bp.  of  Lincoln,  Sermons^ 
1657,  preface  ij, 


558  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

THENK,  v.—  To  thank. 

When  the  author  was  a  child  his  nursemaid  was  wont  to  say  to  him : 
'•You  should  sa.y'thenk  you,'  not  'thank  you,' Master  Edward;  it's 
more  genteel." 

THEREABOUTS,  adv.— About. 

Scotter's  theareaboots  two  mile  fra  Messingham. 

THERE  AWAY,  THERE  AWAYS  ON,  adv.— Thereabouts  ; 
in  that  direction. 

I  doan't  knaw  reightly  wheare  he  lives  noo,  bud  its  aaither  at  Spittle, 
or  somewheare  thecire  awaays  on. 

THEW,  pt.  *.— Thawed. 

[There  is  a  story  of  a  rustic  who  described  a  winter's  day  by  :  "  Fust 
it  blew,  and  then  it  snew,  and  then  it  friz,  and  then  it  thew ;  an'  arter 
that,  it  friz  'orrid."—  W.W.S.} 

THEY.  --They  is  used  as  an  impersonal  pronoun  more  frequently 
than  you  or  one  by  old  people. 

Ey,  it  's  a  nist  lookin'  thing  noo  it  's  clean,  bud  when  I  fo'st  got  it 
thaay  could  n't  tell  what  it  was  maade  on  fer  dirt. 

THICK,  adj.-(i)  Intimate. 

"As  thick  as  thack;"  "as  thick  as  three  in  a  bed;"  "as  thick  as 
incle-weavers ; "  "as  thick  as  theaves,"  are  similies  indicative  of  great 
intimacy. 

(2)  Persons  are  said  to  be  "  oher  thick  wi'  one  anuther  "  who 
carry  on  an  intrigue. 

(3)  A  thick  day  is  a  foggy  day. 

(4)  "  Thaay'll  bite  a  bit  quicker  an'  run  a  bit  thicker,"  said  of 
well-bred  sheep  in  contrast  with  those  of  base  pedigree, 
and  meaning  that  the  well-born  ones  will  eat  a  little  more, 
and  that  the  same  land  will  be  able  to  sustain  a  greater 
number. 

THICK  AND  THIN.— To  go  "  at  it"  or  "into  it"  thick  and 
thin  is  to  throw  all  your  energies  into  any  undertaking. 

THICK  END.— The  greater  part. 

I've  gotten  ih'* thick  end  o'  th'  job  finished  wi'. 

Thick  end  o'  last  week  we  got  noht  dun,  i'  a  waay  o'  speakin',  it 
raain'd  soa  hard. 

THICK-HEAD. — A   stupid   person   whose   denseness   is    not 
natural  but  the  result  of  cultivation. 

THICK-WET,  adj.— Saturated  with  water  ;  said  of  clothes. 


MANLEY    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  559 

THILL-HARNESS.— Harness  for  horses  placed  between 
shafts.  Mid.  E.  thill,  a  shaft  of  a  cart. 

"Numerous  sets  of  thill  and  other  harness."— Stamford  Mercury 
Sept.  20,  1867. 

THILL-HORSE. — The  horse  that  goes  between  the  shafts  of 
a  cart  or  waggon.  Cf.  Archaologia,  j.  351. — Fifteenth  Cent. 
Chron.  (Camd.  Soc.),  117. 

THIMBLE-PIE.— A  tap  on  the  head  delivered  by  a  finger  with 
a  thimble  on  it. 

THIN-FUR,  v. — To  plough  land  with  a  shallow  furrow. 

I  thin-furr'd  them  seeds  fur  wheat  e'stead  o'  breakin  'em  up,  an'  ther' 
wasn't  hairf  a  crop. 

THIN-FURRING.— Very  shallow  ploughing. 

THING. — A  person ;  commonly  used  as  a  term  of  pity  or 
contempt.  See  TEAM. 

THINGS.— (i)  Clothes. 

Here  you're  e'  bed  yit,  an*  I  expected  to  find  you  wesh'd  an1  wif  all 
yer  things  on. 

(2)  Hat,  bonnet,  cloak,  boots,  and  other  articles  of  women's 
wear  for  out  of  doors. 

Noo  Mary  get  yer  things  on,  it's  time  to  goa  to  chech. 

(3)  Cattle. 

I  hev  to  stir  my  sen ;  me  an'  that  lad  hes  oher  sixty  things  to  do  ivery 
day  as  is. 

(4)  Used  redundantly. 

How  did  Daddy  Hooker  get  his  livin'  ?  Oh,  he  sell'd  writin-paaper, 
hymn-books,  an'  things. 

THINK  LONG  ON.— To  long  for;  to  grow  weary  for. 

You'll  think  long  on  Mr.  Tewlian  letters  cumin'  fra  Americaay. — H.  T., 
1886. 

You've  gotten  here  at  last ;  bud  oh,  muther,  I  did  think  long,  on  yer 
cumin'. 

THINK   NO   OTHER.— To  feel  sure;    to  have  come  to  a 
.!£    definite  conclusion. 

I  think  no  uther  then  'at  all  Paapists  is  damned  whativer  the'r  works 

maay  be ;  what  duz  th'  Scriptur  saay  aboot  them  as  worships  idols  ? 

soa  noo  you  knaw  th'  real  trewth  on  it,  squire.      The  above  remark 

was  made  to  the  author. 

THINK  ON,  v.— To  remember. 

I  did  n't  think  on  to  shaw  it  you  when  you  was  here. 


560  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

(2)  To  remind. 

Mind  you  think  me  on  aboot  it,  and  doan't  let  me  forget  till  you  are 
gone. — Dec.  12,  1876. 

THINK  TO,  v.— Think  of. 

What  do  you  think  to  oor  new  grg  ? 

THINKS  HE  WILL,  WHEN  HE.— When  he  has  made  up 
his  mind ;  when  he  likes. 

It's  to  noa  ewse  botherin',  he'll  nobbud  do  it  when  he  thinks  he  will. 

THIN  LAND. — Land  having  very  shallow  soil. 

THIRD-FOOT  LAND.— Grass  land  in  which  the  ownership 
of  the  soil  is  vested  in  one  person,  and  the  right  to  the  hay 
grown  thereon  in  another.  Land  held  by  this  tenure  existed 
till  recently  in  Appleby,  and  several  other  parishes  within 
the  level  of  the  river  Ancholme.  Land  held  by  a  similar 
tenure  is  in  many  other  parts  of  England  called  Lammas 
Land.  This  latter  designation  seems  to  have  been  well 
known.  In  the  ballad  of  the  Careless  Swain  we  read : 

"  She  is  a. witty  one,  and  she  is  fair  too  ; 
She  must  have  all  the  land  that  she  is  heir  to ; 
But  as  for  Free  Land  she  has  not  any, 
For  hers  is  Lammas  Ground  common  to  many." 

Roxburgh*  Ballads  (Ballad  Soc.) 

VOl.  IV.,  p.  22. 

THIS-A- WAYS.— This  way. 

Thoo  should  do  it  e'  this-a-waays ,  sitha,  not  e'  that  how. 

THIS  HERE. — An  emphatic  form  of  this,  commonly  followed 
by  that  there. 

Put  this  here  i'to  th'  pantry,  an'  fling  that  thedre  i'to  th'  swill-bucket. 

THIS  HERE  AWAY.— In  this  direction. 

I  can't  saay  wheare  he  is,  bud  he's  sumwheare  this  here  awaay. 

THO'D  (thod).— Third. 

THOFF  (dhof),  conj.— Though. 

Thoo  wraps  thy  sen  up,  as  thoff  it  was  snaw  time. 

THOFT. — A  thwart ;  the  transverse  seat  of  an  open  boat. 
Icel.  ipopta  or  ipopta  (pronounced  popta),  a  rowing  bench. 

THOH.— A  thaw. 

THOH,  r.— To  thaw. 

THOMASING—  Begging  on  the  feast  of  Saint  Thomas. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  561 

THORN-DRAINS,  s.  pi. — Before  drain  tiles  became  common 
it  was  the  custom  among  farmers  to  drain  their,  land  by 
digging  trenches  and  burying  sticks,  commonly  thorns,  in 
them ;  these  were  called  thorn-drains,  and  the  process  thorn- 
draining. 

THOROUGHFARE.— (i)  A  highway. 

(2)  A  private  right  of  way  over  the  land  of  another. 

I've  a  right  o'  thoroughfare  thrif  his  gardin;  an'  though  I  doan't  want 
to  ewse  it,  I'm  not  gooin'  to  part  fra  it  at  noht. 

THOROW,  ^.—Through. 

"Thorow  the  streete." — Bernard,  Terence,  305. 

I  observed,  Cousin  Edward,  that  I  shot  the  hare  as  she  run  thorow 
the  smoochin. — Crowle,  circa  1825. 

THOROW-GATE.— Highway  ;  thoroughfare  (obsolete). 
"  That  corner  is  no  thorow-gate."— Bernard,  Terence,  282. 

THORPE. — A  hamlet ;  obsolete  as  a  separate  word,  but  used 
the  termination  of  many  village  names. 

"  It  is  layd  in  payne  that  no  cotager  in  the  town  nor  the  thorpe  shal 
kepe  no  catil  vpon  the  lordes  commones  after  the  lordes  officer  haue 
gyuen  him  warning." — Bottesford  Manor  Records,  1579-,  .  . 

The  town  meant  in  the  above  entry  is  Bottesford,  the  thorpe 
Yaddlethorpe,  which  is  a  part  of  the  manor  and  parish. 

THRAVE. — A  certain  quantity  of  straw,  thrashed,  or  un- 
thrashed. 

THRAW.— A  throw  ;  that  is,  a  turning-lathe.     A.S.  }>rawan. 
THRAW,  v.— To  throw. 

THREAP,  THREAP  DOWN,  v.— To  argue;  to  asseverate; 
to  insist  upon. 

He's  alus  thredpin'  aboot  sum'ats. 

She  threap' 'd  me  doon  Sam  was  dead,  bud  I  seed  him  last  Setterda'. 

I  wean't  be  threp  by  a  bairn  like  thoo. 

THREE-BOB-SQUARE,  THREE  SQUARE.— Triangular. 

It  was  a  thing  three-bob-square,  like  th'  end  on  a  roof. 

THREE-THRUMS.— See  THRUM. 
THREP  (threp),/*.  t.  of  threap  (q.v.) 
THRESH,  v.— To  thrash. 
THRESHER.— A  thrasher. 

THRESSEL  (thres-1).— (i)  A  threshold. 
(2)  A  trestle. 


5G2  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

THRIF,  THRUF,^.— (i)  Through. 

Th'  raain  cum'd  thrif  chaamber-roof  soa  bad  last  neet  'at  me  an' 
my  ohd  woman  bed  to  hev  a  wesh-hand  baasin  e  th'  bed  atween  us  to 
catch  th'  watter. — July  18,  1875. 

This  here  stuff  th  druggister's  gen  me  runs  thru/  one  like  gin,  an*  it's 
noht  like  soa  good  to  sup. 

(2)  On  account  of. 

She  lost  her  plaace  all  thrif  his  lees. 

All  sorts  o'  croppin's  back'ard  this  year  thrif  th'  cohd  summer  we've 
bed.— Sep.,  1888. 

TH  RODDY,  adj. — Active;  able  to  get  through  much  work. 

She's  a  straange  throddy  woman,  I  niver  knawed  a  better  for  gettin'  a 
wesh  oot  o'  th'  waay.  Cf.  I  eel.  }>roask,  to  grow  ;  to  thrive. 

THRONG. — (i)  A  matter  of  needful  and  urgent  importance. 
Tell  missis  I  can't  cum  to-daay,  I'm  full  o'  small  throngs. — Nov.  8, 1881. 
Well,  Miss  M     .     .     .     you've  fun  us  e'  oor  throngs. — July  7,  1887. 

(2)  A  crowd. 

I  doan't  knaw  as  I  iver  seed  a  much  bigger  throng  here  then  we  bed 
upo' jewbilee  daay. — Yaddlethorpe,  June  29,  1887. 

THRONG,  adj.— Busy. 

I  was  so  throng  I  bed  n't  time  to  scrat  mysen  when  I  itched. 
We  shall  hev  a  throng  time  o'  it  till  haay's  gotten  in. 
A  woman  at  Scotton,  who  had  an  infant   eleven  months  old,  was 
confined  of  twins.     She  said  to  the  clergyman  who  went  to  baptize  them, 
"Harvist's  cumin  on,  sir,  an'  we  shall  be  straange  an'  throng.     I  really 
doan't  knaw  what  we  mun   do,  for  sewer  enif  thaay  boath  look  like 
livin'  !'' 

"  The  people  all  seemed  very  throng, 

And  had  such  smiling  faces, 
And  well  they  might,  for  I  heard  them  say, 
'Tomorrow's  Redburn  Races.'" 

Rob.  Readhead's  Country  Rambles  in  the 
Neighbourhood  of  Brigg,  6. 

THRONG,  v.— To  crowd. 

I  niver  was  soa  throng' d  e'  my  life  as  I  was  th'  daay  Prince  Albert 
com  to  Lincoln. 

THRONG  AS  THROP'S  WIFE.— A  proverb  used  to  describe 
a  woman  who  is  for  ever  busying  herself  about  domestic 
affairs,  but  whose  house  and  surroundings  are  nevertheless 
always  in  a  mess.  In  Yorkshire  the  proverb  runs,  "As 
thrang  as  Thrap's  wife  as  hanged  herself  i'  th'  dish-cloot." 
See  Academy,  July  21,  1883.  The  author  has  never  heard 
the  suicidal  portion  of  this  in  Lincolnshire.  Cf.  Lawrence 
Cheny,  Ruth  and  Gabriel,  j.  73. 

THROPPLE.— The  windpipe. 
THROPPLE,  v.— To  throttle. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  563 

THROSTLE  (thros-1) .— The  song-thrush;  Turdus  Musicus. 
THROW.— A  turning-lathe.     See  THRAW. 

THROW  THE  HOUSE  OUT  pF  THE  WINDOWS, 
TO. — To  make  a  great  noise,  disturbance,  or  tumult  in  a 
house. 

"  One  would  think  the  Gascon  had  done  well  ;  is  he  satisfy 'd  ? 
No,  he  will  now  throw  the  house  out  of  the  windows.  The  principal  stones 
being  already  taken  from  the  foundation,  he  has  a  bag  of  certain 
winds  wherewithal  to  reverse  the  superstructures." — James  Harrington, 
The  Prerogative  of  Popular  Government,  1658,  ed.  1771,  j.,  vij. 

"Take  care  that  he  may  n't  discover  anything  of  what  has  past 
between  us  two,  for  he  would  throw  the  house  out  of  the  windows." — 
N.  Bailey,  Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  171. 

THROW  UP.— (i)  To  vomit. 

(2)  To  repudiate  a  bargain  or  an  engagement. 

THRUFF  (thruf),  prep.— Through.     See  THRIF. 

THRUFF-STONE.— A  large  stone  which  goes  through  a  wall ; 
not  as  in  some  places,  a  grave  cover. 

THRUM,  THREE-THRUMS,  THRUMMING.— The  pur- 
ring of  a  cat.  See  Th.  Cooper,  Purgatory  of  Suicides,  ed. 
1877,  p,  no. 

THRUM. — (i)  A  small  utensil  of  wicker-work  affixed  to  the 
hole  in  a  mash-tub  in  brewing,  used  to  hinder  the  malt 
from  escaping  when  the  wort  is  run  off. 

(2)  The  tufted  part,  beyond  the  tie,  at  the  end  of  the  warp  in 
weaving. 

(3)  Mop-yarn  (q.v.) 

THRU  P. — The  termination  thorp;  as  Authrup,  Scunthrnp; 
that  is,  Althorpe,  Scunthorpe. 

THRUSH.— A  disease  in  the  mouths  of  infants.    See  FROG  (2). 
THRUSSEN,  #>.— Thrust. 

THUD.— A  dull,  heavy  blow. 

[A.  S.  \>oden,  the  same.  Cf.  Sanskr.  tud,  to  strike ;  Lat.  tundo.  Not 
a  modern  word  as  some  have  called  it. —  W '.  W.S.~] 

THUMB. — Of  a  very  awkward  person  it  is  said  "his  fingers 
are  all  thumbs" 

THUMPING,  adj.— Large;  fine. 
A  thump  in'  bairn. 
A  thump  in'  lee. 


564  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

THUNDERING,  adj.— Very  large. 

What  thunderin'  apples  them  is  o'  Thomas  Lockwood's. 

THUNNER.— Thunder. 
THUNNER,  v.— To  thunder. 

[A.S.  ]>unor.~] 

It's  been  thunnerin'  hard  all  th'  mornin'. — Aug.  9,  1875. 

She  hears  it  thunnerin',  an'  soa  she  says  to  tuther  bairns,  "  Do  ye 
hear  yon  great  waggon  up  i'  sky.  Wheare  did  she  hear  tell  o'  sich  'n  a 
idee,  I  wonder  ?" — E.B.,  1864. 

THUNNERING.— Large;  extravagant. 
A  thunnerin'  big  worm. 
A  thunnerin'  hewge  crop. 
A  thunnerin'  lot  o'  pills. 
A  thunnerin'  story-teller. 

THUNNER-BOLT.— A  belemnite.  It  is  still  the  common 
notion  that  these  fossils  have  fallen  from  the  heavens 
during  thunder.  Until  very  recent  times  this  opinion  was 
held  by  persons  of  good  education. 

THURN  (thurn).— A  thorn. 

THUSKER. — One  who  does  anything  with  great  energy  or 
spirit. 

George  Thorpe  was  a  thusker  at  eatin'. 

THUSKING,  adj.— Big  ;  fine. 

Them  is  thuskin'  to'nups,  thaay  graw  up  o'  th'  wohds  [wolds.] 

TIGE,  v. — To  entice ;  to  persuade. 

Can't  ye  noa  waays  tice  Mr.  Jewlian  to  stop  e'  England. — 1886. 

TICKLE.— (i)  Nervous;  shy;  fearful.  Fish  when  they  bite 
very  shily  are  said  to  be  "  straange  an'  tickle" 

(2)  Difficult;  delicate. 

I'd  a  tickle  job  underwaay  ;  I'd  to  mak'  him  willin  to  live  e'  th'  hoose 
wi'  her,  an'  not  saay  noht  to  mak  her  mad  naaither. 

(3)  Uncertain  ;  said  of  the  weather. 

It's  alus  tickle  weather  when  oorhaay's  doon. — Bottesford,  July  4,  1883* 
He's  just   gotten   his  seeds  doon    an'    th1  weather's   cum'd    tickle 
t'rec'ly.—Ashby,  July  4,  1887. 

TICKY-TOUCH-WOpD.— A  game  played  by  children,  who 
must  touch  something  wooden  to  hinder  their  being  caught. 

TICTOLLEROO. — Tic-doloreux. 
TIDY.— A  child's  pinafore. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  565 

TIDY,  adj.— 

Them  beas'  looks  tidy ;  thaay'll  soon  be  ready  for  th'  butcher. 

TIDY-BASKET.  —A  basket  in  which  odds  and  ends  of  thread 
and  cuttings  are  put  by  women  to  save  them  for  the  rag-bag. 

TIED,  /"/.—Obliged ;  compelled. 

Farmers  is  tied  by  their  Ian 'lords  not  to  sell  stroa. 
He's  tied  to  be  here  soon,  for  he  sweethearts  oor  lass. 

"Ne  are  we  tyde  to  fast,  but  when  we  list." — Spenser,  Mother 
Hubberd's  Tale,  1.  459. 

The  Horn,  you  see,  is  a  tied  hoose,  he  hes  to  get  iv'rything  he  sells  o' 
Sutton. — Messingham,  1879.  See  UNTIED. 

TIFF.— A  slight  quarrel. 
TIFF,  adj.— Tough. 

TIFFEN,  v. — To  make  tough  ;  to  become  tough. 

"  The  land  is  better  for  it,  it  tiff  ens  it,  and  binds  it  together." — Th. 
Stone,  Rev.  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  1800,  318. 

TIGHT  (teit),  adj. — Neat ;  tidy ;  generally  commendable. 
"  ]>e  laddes  were  kaske  and  teyte." — Haveloh,  1.  1841. 

TIL,  prep.— To. 

TILE  LOOSE,  TILE  OFF.— Is  said  of  one  who  is  half  idiotic. 

TILLAGE. — Manure;  commonly  used  of  bought  manures, 
such  as  guano,  bones,  superphosphates,  and  nitrate  of  soda, 
not  of  manure  made  in  the  fold-yard. 

TILLAGE,  v. — To  put  tillage  on  land. 

I've  sawn  it,  an'  tillaged  it,  an'  iv'ry  mander  o'  thing,  an'  all  to  noa 
ewse. — T.  N.  Gunness,  1880. 

TILLAGER.— A  person  who  sells  tillage. 

TILT. — (i)  The  hood  of  a  covered  cart  or  waggon. 
(2)  Driving  or  running  at  full  speed. 

He  was  runnin'  along  full  tilt,  an'  fell  doon  all  his  len'th. 

TIME. — The  duration  of  an  apprenticeship,  or  of  a  contract 
for  service. 

His  time  wasn't  up  till  Maayda',  bud  I  to'ned  him  off  o'  th'  sevent'  o' 
November,  on  accoont  o1  his  tellin'  scan'lus  lees  abodt  a  lass  at  th' 
taatie  pie. 

TIME.— While. 

He  cum  up  time  I  was  gettin'  tea  things  -sided  awaay,  an  shoots  oot, 
"  Thy  brother  Jack's  getten  by  agean  fra  "Mericaay." 

Will  you  hohd  th1  baaby,  ma'am,  time  I  get  my  things  on. 
S 


566  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TIME  OR  TWO. — Once  or  twice  ;  an  uncertain  number  of 
times,  but  very  few. 

I  hev  n't  seed  her  moore  than  a  time  or  two  sin  she  was  married. 

TIME,  TO  TAKE  ALL  HIS.— When  a  person  has  undertaken 
any  difficult  work  which  the  speaker  thinks  he  will  not 
perform  properly,  he  says  that  it  vfilltake  alt  his  time  to  do  it. 

As  things  is  noo  it'll  tak  him  all  his  time  to  mak  that  theare  public  paay 
it  waay. 

She  thinks  noo  thaay're  wed  she  can  keep  him  fra  drink,  so  I  saays 
to  her,  "  Well,  my  lass,  ther's  noa  knawin',  bud  if  ta  duz,  it'll  tak  all 
thy  time. 

TIME  WHEN.— "  I  hev'n't  seed  her,  I  doan't  knaw  th'  time 

when. 

TIMMER,  v.— To  frighten  ;  to  be  frightened. 

There's  noht  timmers  craws  fra  corn  like  shuttin  at  'em. 
Th'  doctors  said  she  deed  thrif  heart  complaaint,  bud  I  alus  stan'  to 
it,  she  was  timmerd  to  dead  wi'  th'  lightnin'. — 1880. 

TIMMERSOME,  adj  .—Timorous. 

TIMOTHY  GRASS.— Meadow  cats-tail  grass  ;  Phleum  pratense. 
It  was  brought  to  England  from  Virginia  by  a  Mr.  Wych, 
and  "  was  called  Timothy  because  it  was  brought  from  New 
York  to  Carolina  by  one  Timothy  Hanson." — Annual  Register, 
1765,  143.  Cf.  Geo.  Sinclair,  Hort.  Gramin.  Woburnensis, 
196. 

Mr.  Britten  informs  me  that  in  spite  of  the  origin  of  the  name 
Timothy  Grass  is  a  native  plant.  Cf.  Britten  and  Holland's  Eng.  Plant 
Names,  229,  470. 

TINDER-BOX.— The  box  in  which  tinder,  flint,  steel,  and 
matches  were  kept,  used  for  procuring  a  light  before  the 
introduction  of  lucifer  matches.  There  is  an  engraving  of 
a  circular  tinder-box  in  William  Smith's  Morley,  Ancient  and 
Modern,  p.  100.  This  one  is  made  of  metal  and  is  circular. 
They  were  more  commonly  made  oblong  and  of  wood. 
The  author  possesses  a  tinder-box  in  the  form  of  a  pistol. 

TINE  (tein). — (i)  The  prong  of  a  fork,  the  tooth  of  a  harrow, 
or  any  similar  instrument. 

"As  the  tines  of  the  harrow  jumped  and  danced  freely  through  the 
mingling  mass." — Hoskins,  Talpa,  1852,  p.  39. 

(2)  A  branch  of  deer's  horns. 

(3)  A  forfeit  or  fine  in  a  game. 

[From  different  roots.      Cf.  (i)  Icel.  teinne,  a  twig,  sprout ;  (3)  Icel- 
tyna.tolose.—  W.W.S.] 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  667 

TINGTANG. — (i)  A  small  church  bell,  sometimes  an  ancient 
sanctus  bell,  more  frequently  one  of  seventeenth  or 
eighteenth  century  date,  of  about  the  same  size,  now  often 
used  as  a  sermon  bell  (q.v.) 

(2)   Anything  considered  to  be  quite  worthless. 

I  shall  niver  go  to  Scotter  shaw  agean,  ther'  was  n't  a  good  boss  to 
be  seed,  noht  bud  real  tingtangs. 

TINGTANGLY.— Worthless. 

He's  getten  a  heap  o'  ohd  tingtangly  things  I  wod  n't  gie  harbour  to. 

TINGY-ENDED.— Said  of  grains  of  corn  the  ends  of  which 
have  been  discoloured  by  rain  or  damp. 

Ther's  been  a  deal  o'  tingy-ended  corn  at  market  this  last  three  year. — 
1883. 

TIPPLE.— (i)  To  fall  head  over  heels. 

Tom  John  hes  tippled  taail-oher-end  doon  graainery  steps,  an*  's  brokken 
his  bridle-airm. 

(2)  To  overturn. 

TIP-TAP-TOE.— A  child's  game.  A  square  is  drawn  having 
nine  smaller  squares  or  houses  within  it.  Two  persons 
play.  They  alternately  make  the  one  a  square  and  the 
other  a  cross  in  any  one  of  the  houses.  He  that  first  gets 
three  of  his  marks  in  aline  wins  the  game.  Called  tit-tat-toe 
in  London. 

TIPPY,  TIP.— The  peak  of  a  boy  or  man's  cap. 

TIT. — A  hackney. 

"But  Sancho,  having  much  more  wit, 
To  the  hedge-bottom  ty'd  his  tit." 

Edward  Ward,  Don  Quixote,  1711,  j.,  292. 

"  Tit,  a  little  horse,  and  some  call  ahorse  of  a  middling  size  a  double- 
tit" — Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726. 

(2)  A  teat. 

TITTER-TOTTER.— (i)  In  a  state  of  unstable  equilibrium. 
(2)  In  hesitation  of  mind,  or  wavering. 

TITIVATE  (tit-ivait),  v.— To  clean;  to  polish;  to  dress  up  ; 
to  restore. 

Hev  you  seed  Ketton  chech  sin'  it  was  tittivaated  up  ? 

TITTLEBAT.— A  stickle-back. 
TITTLING.— Tickling. 
TITTY-PUSS.— A  pet  name  for  a  cat. 


568  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

TO.  —  This;  in  the  phrases  "  fo-year;"  "  fo-week  ;"  "fo-daay;" 
"  tfo-neet." 


.—  (i)  With. 
I  alus  tak'  sugar  to  my  coffee,  but  noan  to  my  tea. 

(?)   For. 

Them  carrots  is  good  to  noht  at  all. 

(3)  Of. 

I  doant  think  much  to  it. 

TOAD.—  (i)  A  term  of  abuse. 

What  a  foul-tung'd  toad  she  is. 

"  A  cursed  toad  of  a  horse,  whose  colour,  though  white,  never  boded 
me  any  good,  not  only  threw  me,  but  rolled  over  me."  —  Ozel,  Trans,  of 
Brantome's  Spanish  Rhodomontades  ,  1744.  Advertisement. 

(2)  To  lead  the  life  of  "  a  toad  under  a  harra';"  to  be  in  a 
miserable   or  distressed  condition.     See  Gentleman's  Mag., 
1801,  j.,  25. 

(3)  "  He  sits  like  a  toad  on  a  shuvel,"  said  of  anyone  who  has 
a  very  uncertain  seat  on  horseback,  and  sometimes,  there- 
fore, by  metaphor  of  anyone  who  is  in  condition  of  affairs, 
family,  or  health,  in  a  very  uncertain  condition. 

(4)  "  You're  as  awk'ard  as  a  grund  toad"  said  to  anyone  who 
is  especially  difficult  to  get  on  with. 

(5)  A  vulgar  woman  in  fine  clothes  is  said  to  be  "  like  a  toad 
dressed  e*  muslin." 

TOAD-GENDER.  —  Toad-spawn;    often   used   incorrectly   for 
frog-spawn  also. 

TOAD-PIPE.—  Horse  tail;  Equisetum  limosum. 
TOAD-SPIT.—  See  CUCKOO-SPIT. 

TOD.—  (i)  A  fox  (obsolete).     There  is  a  sandhill  in  Yaddle- 
thorpe  called  Todhoe. 

"  The  tod,  and  the  lamb,  and  the  leveret  ran." 

James  Hog,  Kilmeny  Works,  1876,  p.  35. 

"  Traced  the  tods  among  the  snow."  —  Knight,  Principal  Shairp  and  his 
Friends,  p.  125. 

(2)  Dung. 

(3)  Two  stones  of  wool. 

The  tod  was,  in  some  places,  but  not,  I  think,  here,  a  weight  by 
which  hay  was  sold  ;  it  was  a  sub-division  of  the  hundred-weight.  — 
Roger's  Hist,  of  Agric.  and  Prices,  voL  v.,  p.  303. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  569 

TOD,  v. — To  weigh  a  tod;  only  used  regarding  wool. 

Them  sheap  '11  tod  threes ;  that  is,  the  fleeces  of  three  of  them  will 
weigh  a  tod. 

"  Mr.  Witherel,  of  Hackington,  informed  me  that  of  what  was  called 
Lincoln  sheep  he  todded  all  threes." — Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric., 
1799,  an- 

TODDLE,  v. — Sometimes  used  half  humourously  for  to  walk 
when  there  is  no  weakness  implied. 

"  Well,  I  mun  be  toddlin,"  is  a  common  expression  used  by  one  who 
has  stayed  talking  longer  than  he  ought  to  have  done. 

TO-DO.  — A  quarrel ;  a  row;  a  fidget. 

What  a  to-do  you  are  makkin'  all  aboot  noht. 

TOFF  (tof),  adj.— Tough. 

TOFT,  TOFTSTEAD.— A  piece  of  land  on  which  a  cottage, 
having  a  common-right,  stands,  or  has  stood. 

"  There  are  four  tofts  or  cottages  upon  this  estate,  but  the  houses 
are  all  down.  The  lands  belonging  to  them  are  called  toftsteads,  each 
of  which  .  .  .  has  an  unlimited  right  of  common  upon  the  moor." 
— Survey  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  1787. 

TOFTER.— The  owner  of  a  toft. 

"All  those  who  are  inrolled  in  the  Lord  of  the  Manor's  ancient 
burrough  rent  roll  .  .  .  are  Burghers  and  Tofters,  and  have  right 
of  common." — Gainsburgh  Manor  Records,  in  Stark's  Hist.,  188. 

TOGITHER.— Together. 
TOHD,  #.— Told, 
TOHT.— Taught. 

TOKEN.— A  portent. 

Noo  he'sgoan  I  can  remember  sev'ral  things  that  was  sent  as  toakens, 
bud  I  thoht  noht  on  'em  at  th'  time. 

TOLLMAN.— A  collector  of  tolls. 

"  He  himself,  secretly  sent  information  to  the  tollman.1' — Stark,  Hist. 
Gainsburgh,  547. 

TOM-BOY,  TOM-LAD.— A  romping  girl. 
TOMMY  BOD'S  ARK.— NOAH'S  ARK  (q.v.) 
TOM-NODDY.— A  fool. 

TO-MORRA'  CUM  NIVER.— An  emphatic  form  of  never. 

I  shan't  goa  near  him,  not  agaain,  while  to-morra'  cum  niver;  we  shall 
see  what'll  happen  then. 

N,  Bailey  translates  "ad  calendas  Graecas,"  by  "to-morrow  come 
never" — -Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p,  34. 


570  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TO-MORRA'  'T  NEET.— To-morrow  at  night. 
TOM-TAWDRY.— Vulgar  finery. 

TOM  TAYLOR.— A  crane-fly. 

"A  Boetian  might  stick  it  in  a  tom-taylor." — Hickie,  Aristophanes,  i.,  37. 

TOM  THUMB. — A  small  and  insignificant  person. 
A  real  Tom  Thumb,  Fit  for  noht  e'  mind  or  body. 
"  Princes  are  braved  by  Jack  and  Jill,  Wat  Tilers,  and  Tom  Thumbs.'" — 
Marchmont  Needham,  Hist,  of  Eng.  Rebell.,  p.  74. 

TO'N,  TON'IN  (ton,  ton-in).  -(i)  A  turn,  turning. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  a  ghoast  to  see  at  neets  at  th'  to'n  agean  Mr. 
Barla'  barn,  wheare  them  boans  was  dug  up. 

(2)  The  period  of  time  devoted  to  a  certain  piece  of  work. 

A.  :  We  sha'n't  get  a  hand-stir  dun  this  to'n. 

B. :  That  we  shan't ;  tung-stir  taks  all  wer  time  when  F  .  .  ,  is 
ganger. 

(3)  Occasion. 

I  doan't  see  no  chanch  o'  sellin'  them  'taaties  this  to'n. 

TO'N,  v.— (i)  To  turn. 

(2)  To  be  inclined  to. 

Thaay're  all  agean  his  hevin'  her,  bud  he  to'ns  that  awaays  straangely. 

(3)  To  become  sour  ;  said  of  milk  and  beer. 

TO'N- AGEAN. — Money  returned  on  payment  for  corn,  stock, 
or  other  farm  produce.  At  whatever  price  an  article  is 
sold  a  small  sum  is  always  given  back  by  the  seller  to  the 
purchaser,  as  luck  or  to'n-agean. 

T'  ONE  AN'  T'  UTHER. 

T'  one  on  'em  ton'd  on  to  Ketton  an'  f  uther  Ranthrup  waay.  See 
SIR  THOMAS  MORE'S  English  Workes,  1557,  40  p.  [Well  ascertained  to 
be  corruptions  of  that  one  and  that  other. —  W.W.S.] 

TONER,  TOANER.-The  one  or  the  other. 

(0  in  the  first  form  as  in  tone.) 
Thaay're  Methadisses  or  Ranters,  toner. 

He's  todner  eatin'  one,  or  he's  gotten  him  into  a  corner  an'  durst  na' 
faace  him ;  said  of  a  ferret. 

TONGUE.— (i)  Abuse. 

My  wo'd,  bud  she  did  gie  him  sum  tung. 

(2)  A  long  and  narrow  piece  of  cloth  torn  out  of  a  dress. 

That  sneck's  torn  anuther  tung  i'  my  goon. 

(3)  A  long  and  narrow  piece  of  land  ;  a  skreed  (q.v.) 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  571 

TONGUE,  v.— To  pronounce. 

It's  one  o'  them  theare  long  Latin  wo'ds ;  I  can't  tung  it. 

TONGUE-STIR.— Chatter;  senseless  gabble. 

It  wants  a  staaid  man,  like  what  ohd  John  Skinner  was,  to  goa  wi' 
taatie  han's,  else  theare'sa  vast  deal  moore  tung-stir  then  pickin'goas  on, 
I  can  tell  ye. 

TONGUE,  TASTE  OF.— Sharp  or  strong  language;  ascolding. 

I  shall  gie  him  a  taaste  o'  my  tung  if  he  cums  pychin  here.     It's  nolit 

to  him  whether  I'm  blew  or  pink,  not  bud  what  iv'rybody  knaws  'at 

Brocklesby  foakshes  dun  well  by  me,  an'  I  alus  do  well  by  them. — 1886. 

TONGUE-TIED.— (i)  Dumb. 

(2)  Compelled  to  be  silent. 

She  could  hev  clear'd  up  th'  whoale  mess ;  but  then,  you  see,  her  sun 
was  in  it,  soa  she  was  tung-tied  like. 

TO'NIL. — The  hasp  or  catch  of  an  old-fashioned  window 
casement. 

TO'NIN'.— A  turn  in  a  road  or  path. 

Bell  Hoale's  just  agean  that  to'nin'a.s  you  goa  fra  Ketton  to  No'thrup. 

TO'NPOKE. — A  turnpoke;  a  large  gamecock.     See  SHACKBAG. 
TO'N  THE  BRAIN,  v.— To  make  insane. 
TO'N  TAAIL  JACK.— A  kind  of  beetle. 

TO'N  TRENCHER.— A  game  played  with  a  trencher  at 
Christmas-tide. 

TO'NUP  (ton-lip).— A  turnip. 

TO'N  UP,  v. — To  "rough,"  that  is  to  put  projections  on  a 
horse's  shoes,  to  enable  it  to  keep  its  foot-hold  in  frost  time. 

TO'NUP,  v. — (i)  To  turnip.  Turnip  plants  are  said  to  begin  to 
to'nup  when  they  begin  to  form  bulbs.  I  have  heard,  though 
rarely,  to  to'nup  applied  to  the  formation  of  other  roots  as 
carrots  and  onions. 

(2)  To  put  sheep  on  turnips. 

"Shearling  wethers  turniped  by  many,  and  sold  in  the  wool." — Arth. 
Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  320. 

TO'NUP-FLY.— The  turnip-fly.  A  little  jumping  beetle  which 
preys  on  young  turnips  as  soon  as  they  emerge  from  the  soil. 
See  Kirby  and  Spence,  Introduc.  to  Etymology,  vj.  edit.,  j.,  153. 


572  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TO'NUP-LANTERN.—  A  turnip-lantern.  That  is  a  large 
turnip,  hollowed  out,  with  mouth,  eyes,  and  nose  made  in  it 
to  imitate  the  human  face.  A  candle  is  put  inside,  and  it  is 
used  by  silly  persons  for  the  purpose  of  affrighting  people 
simpler  than  themselves. 

TO'NUP-SHEEP.—  Sheep  folded  on  turnips;  the  men  who 
prepare  their  food  for  them  are  said  to  be  among  to'nup-sheep. 

TOOK,  TOOKEN,  /#.—(i)  Taken. 

Efter  he'd  tooken  th'  plaace  he  sent  his  fasten-penny  by  agean.  — 
Burringhum,  Dec.  4,  1874. 

(2)  Taken  ill. 

He  was  took  e'  March,  an"  iv'ry  body  thoht  he'd  hev  deed  strlght  off, 
bud  he  lived  oher  six  munths. 

(3)  Dead. 

TOOL.  —  (i)  A  hollow  wooden  spade  shod  with  iron,  used  on 
the  Trent-side  for  digging  warp,  and  other  soil  that  is  free 
from  stones.  Sometimes  called  a  hollow-tool. 

(2)  A  term  of  contempt. 

"  He  is  a  poor  or  pitiful  tool.  Homo  est  miscellus,  abjectus  est  vilis."  — 
Rob.  Ainsworth,  Lat.  Diet.,  1783. 

"This  worthy  tool  of  mine  .  .  .  lavishly  squanders  away  the 
portion  I  brought  along  with  me  ...  sometimes  at  the  tavern, 
sometimes  upon  his  whores,  sometimes  a  gaming."  —  N.  Bailey, 
Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1725,  p.  159. 

TOOL,  v.  —  (i)  To  level  the  sides  of  a  newly  cut  ditch  or  drain, 
or  of  a  newly  raised  embankment. 

(2)  To  clean  out  a  ditch  with  a  tool  (q.v.)  or  spade. 

(3)  To  dress  stone  for  building  purposes. 

TOOTH  AND  NAIL.—  The  utmost  earnestness. 
TOOTH-HOHD.—  Material     for     biting,    used    of    pastures. 


Th'  Temple  Ings  is  straange  an1  bare,  ther1  's  noa  tooth-hohd  for  noht. 
TOOTLE,  v.  —  To  blow  a  horn  or  a  flute. 
TOP.  —  The  ceiling,  as  "  th'  room  top"  "  th'  kitchen  top" 

TOP-DRESSING.—  Manure  laid  on  the  surface  of  the  land. 

"Only  a  thin  top-dressing  of  education  laid  upon  the  natural  soil."  — 
Mrs.  Oliphant,  Agnes,  j.,  8. 

TOP-FULL.—  Quite  full. 

That  lad's  top-full  o'  mischief. 

He's  as  top-full  o'  larnin'  as  he  can  stick, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  573 

TOP-LAND. — Land  on  the  hills,  as  distinguished  from  that  in 
the  valleys  of  the  Trent  and  Ancholme. 

TOPLOFTICAL. — Good  ;  large  ;  excellent ;  aristocratic. 

George  bed  a  toploftical  waaistcoat  on,  foher  or  five  culers  i'  it,  an'  he 
sent  th'  pudding  sauce  reight  doon  th'  frunt. — W.E.H.,Kirton-in-Lindsey, 
1853. 

"  Very  toploftical,  to  be  sure." — Blackwood's  Mag.,  1823,  vol.  xiv.,  p.  104. 

TOPPIN.— (i)  A  ball,  fish,  bird,  or  other  ornament  put  on  the 
top  of  a  stack. 

(2)  The  top-knot  of  feathers  on  the  head  of  a  bird. 

(3)  A  curl  on  the  top' of  a  child's  head. 

TOPPLE,  v.— To  tumble  over. 

TOP-SAWYER. — One  who  is  very  expert  or  clever  in  any 
particular  kind  of  work  or  play. 

"  He's  a  top-sawyer  at  owt  o*  this  sort." — Rolf  Skirlaugh,  iii.,  321. 

TOP-UP,  v. — To  finish;  said  of  a  stack,  and  hence,  by  analogy, 
of  other  things. 

I  shall  send  her  to  school  for  anuther  quarter,  then  she'll  be  topped-up. 
Them  foher  fat  beas'  '11  be  topped-up  e'  anuther  fo'tnit. 

TORN-DOWN,  adj.— Riotous;  boisterous;  disorderly;  said  of 
children. 

Thaay  was  as  torn-doon  a  lot  o'  bairns  as  could  be,  alus  up  to  the'r 
gams,  bud,  bless  ye,  kitlins  mun  be  kitlins  afoore  thaay're  cats. 

Why,  m'm,  he  duzn't  mean  not  for  to  be  rewd,  an'  he  is'nt  quarrelsum, 
not  at  all,  bud  he  is,  an'  I'll  saay  it  mysen,  a  straange  torn-doon  lad. — 
Winterton,  Feb.,  1877. 

Well,  I  will  saay  I  was  th1  torndoonist  bairn  ther'  was  e'  th1  lordship. 
If  my  bairns  hed  been  hairf  as  bad  thaay  'd  ha'  maade  mestranny,  I  do 
beleave.— E.  P.,  Bottesford,  Nov.  22,  1888. 

TORRABLE  (torr'ubl),  adj.— Terrible. 

TOSS-POT.— A  great  drinker.  See  Urquhart's  Rabelais, 
Gargantua,  j.,  5. 

TOT. — A  small  quantity  of  beer,  less  than  a  gill. 

TOTTER-GRASS.— Trembling-grass. 

"  Totter-grass  in  many  a  trembling  knot." 

John  Clare,  Sonnet  1. 

TOTTERING  TIME.— Uneasy  circumstances  ;  unhappy  life, 
or  condition. 

She  tell'd  her  gran'muther  if  she  did  n't  do  all  as  she  wanted  her,  she 
should  hev  nobud  a  totterin  time  on  it. 

What  wi'  maaster  an1  what  wi'  bairns  she's  nobud  a  tottenn'  time  on 
it,  poor  thing. 


574  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TOT  UP,  v.— To  add  up. 

TOWARD. — The  word  is  often  divided  thus  : 
He  lives  to  Grimsby  ward  noo. 
She's  goan  to  Lunnun  ward,  bud  she'll  be  by  agean  e'  th'  summer. 

TOW,  IN,  v. — To  have  a  person  or  thing  in  tow  is  to  have  him, 
or  it,  under  your  influence,  direction,  power,  or  guidance. 
I  think  I've  getten  thease  dreans  e'  tow  noo. 

TOWILIN.— A  baby's  napkin. 
TOWIL.— A  tiresome  child. 
TOWIL,  v.— -To  beat. 

TOWN.— A  village.     See  THORPE.      Cf.  Stubbs,  Constitutional 
Hist.,].  82;  Archaologia,  xxxvij.,  392. 

The  authors  of  the  revised  version  of  Saint  Matthew's  Gospel  have 
shewn  their  ignorance  of  the  tongues  with  which  they  were  dealing  by 
turning  the  word  town,  used  by  the  translators  of  1611,  into  village 
(ch.  x.,  v.  n).  The  Geneva  version,  and  that  commonly  used  by 
Catholics  at  the  present  time,  both  read  in  this  instance  town. 

TOWN  TALK.— Common  report. 

I  dost  laay  my  life  on  it  theare  niver  was  noht  amiss  with  A  ... 
bud  she'd  sich  straange  waays  o'  gooin'  on  she  was  th'  toon-talk  whear- 
iver  she  went.— Oct.,  1886. 

TOHT,#.— Taught. 
TOWZE  (touz).— To  card  wool. 
TOY,  v.— To  card  wool. 
TO-YEAR.— This  year. 

TRAACLE.— Treacle. 

If  you'll  nobud  saay  traacle  she'll  lick  — Proverb. 

TRACE,  v. — To  wander  about  aimlessly. 

Do  sit  the  doon,  bairn,  thoo's  alus  traacin'  in  an'  oot. 
["  Trace  and  turn,  boys."— Two  Noble  Kinsmen,  ed.  Skeat,  iij.,  v.,  21 ; 
and  see  note.— W.W.S.] 

TRACK. — To  be  in  the  same  track  as  another  is  to  follow  his 
example,  or,  without  conscious  imitation,  to  do  as  he  does. 
Thinks  I  to  mysen,  I  rnun  be  'e  Charles  Robi'son  track,  an'  hev  my 
taaties  in  afoore  oht  else. 

TRAFFIC,  v. — (i)  To  walk  about  without  settled  purpose. 
(2)  To  trespass  upon  other  person's  land. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  575 

TRAILING,  TRAILY,  o#.— Sickly;  nervous;  weary. 

Mrs.  .  .  .  is  alus  uncommon  traailm',  bud  it's  my  opinion,  if  she'd 
tak  sum'ats  fra  th'  Crowle  druggisters  'at  I  could  git  fer  her,  an'  leave 
off  witterin'  hersen  aboot  uther  foak's  religious  consarns,  she'd  be  that 
well  in  a  weak,  she  could  walk  to  Gaainsb'r  an'  by  agean  wi'oot  baatin'. 

TRAIL-TRIPES,  TRAIL-TONGS.— A  slovenly  woman,  or, 
perhaps  more  strictly,  a  woman  decked  in  dirty  and  vulgar 
finery. 

TRAMMEL-NET. — A  net  used  by  poachers  for  netting 
partridges.  See  GERVASE  MARKHAM,  Hunger's  Prevention,  97. 

TRAMMOCK,  v.— (i)  To  walk  about  without  settled  purpose. 
(2)  To  trespass  upon  other  person's  land.     See  TRAFFIC. 

TRAMP,  v.— To  trudge. 

I've  tramped  this  road  five-an'-twenty  year;  said  by  a  walking 
postman. 

TRAMPER.— (i)  A  tramp. 

(2)  A  wanderer  in  search  of  work. 

"  Because  fewer  foreign  trampers  resort  to  Axholme.1' — Th.  Stone, 
Rev.  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  1800,  303. 

TRANSLATE,  v. — To  change  ;  usually  applied  to  transforming 
one  kind  of  garment  into  another. 

"  Oor  parson  gev  th'  ohd  communion-taable  cloth  to  th'  clerk,  an' 
he's  translaated  it  i'to  a  great  coat  agean  winter-time. —  Willoughton. 
"Bottom,  thou  art  translated." — Mid,  Nt.  Dream,  iij.,  j.,  122. 

TRAP,  v.— To  crush. 

Oor  Jim  hed  trapp'd  his  finger  e'  th1  staable  door,  an'  th'  parson  ax'd 

»  me  what  was  amiss  wi'  him,  so  I  says  he's  trapp'd  his  sen  real  bad,  an' 

th'  parson  look'd  at  me  that  solid  for  a  peace,  as  thoff  he  could  n't  mak 
oot  what  I  meant,  at  last  he  says,  "  oh,  I  understand  now  ;  your  boy's 
crushed  himself."  It  is,  perhaps,  needless  to  remark  that  this 
ecclesiastic  came  from  a  southern  county. 

TRAPASS,  v. — To  wander  aimlessly  about. 

When  iver  it's  mucky,  boath  you  an'  th'  dogs  is  sewer  to  begin 
trapassin'  in  an'  oot  o'  th'  hoose. 

TRAPES  (traips). — (i)  A  slovenly  woman. 

(2)  An   uncomfortable   walk   among   mud,   stones,  or  other 
impediments. 

I'd  a  straange  traapes  fra  Corringham  to  Kexby,  th'  road  was  o'must 
knee  deep. 

"  It's  such  a  toil  and  a  trapes  up  them  two  pair  of  stairs." — Mrs. 
Henry  Wood,  The  Channings,  1866,  471. 

TRASH-BAGS.— A  worthless  person. 


676  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

TRASHLE  (trash-1).— A  tiresome  child. 
TRASHMENT.— Trash  ;  rubbish. 

TRAUN,  TROWN,  TO  PLAY.— To  play  truant. 

"  Let's  go  in  here  and  sit  down  to  get  out  of  your  mother's  way  as 
we  were  playing  at  trown." — Gainsburgh  News,  19  May,  1877. 

He  larns  fairly  when  he  is  at  school,  bud  he's  up  to  plaayin'  traun 
if  not  seen  efter. 

TRAVELLER. — A  wooden  wheel  revolving  in  the  fork  of  a 
long  handle ;  used  for  testing  the  accuracy  of  the  circum- 
ferance  of  wheel-tires. 

TRAVELLING  PREACHER.— See  REGULAR  PREACHER. 

TRAY.— (i)  A  hurdle. 

"40  tray  heads  for  stack-yard,  at  gd." — Bill  of  William  White  of  Scatter, 
1821. 

"To  12  sheep  trays,  at  $*•  6d.,  £2  2s.  o^—Bill  of  Tho.  Lee  of 
Burringham,  1828. 

"Remble  the  kids  by  the  trays." — Samuel  Wills,  The  Lincolnshire 
Labourer. 

Clare,  in  The  Shepherd's  Calendar,  tells  us  of  witches  riding  sheep-/nys, 
p.  10. 

(2)  A  wash-tub. 
TREA. — Tree ;  the  classic  pronunciation  is  also  current. 

TREACLE-FOOT.— The  sediment  at  the  bottom  of  a  treacle- 
can. 

It's  as  sticky  an'  stiff  as  treacle-foot. 

TREAD. — The  thread-like  embryo  in  an  egg. 

TREAD    THE    SHOE    STRAIGHT.— To   conduct   oneself 
circumspectly. 

I've  hed  cause  enif  to  tread  my  shoes  very  strlght  sin  I've  been  livin' 
at  th'  Warp-land.— C.  C.,  circa  1840. 

"  They  mun  tread  their  shoes  very  straight,  or  there'll  be  a  row  with  our 
Squire." — Ralf  Skirlaugh,  j.,  112. 

TREE.— (i)  A  window  plant. 

(2)  "  Lame  as  a  tree  "  is  a  common  proverb. 

TREE-POT.— A  flower-pot. 

TREG. — A  worthless  person. 

I  nobbut  tell'd  him  'at  he  was  a  laame  ohd  tng.  —  WaddingJiam. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  577 


TREM,  ^tf.—  To  trim. 


Yes,  it's  a  bewtiful  trea.  Two  or  three  weeks  sin'  I  went  up  to  Ann's, 
an'  I  saays,  "  You're  killin'  that  theare  trea  wi'  cohdness,  I'll  hev  it  hoam 
wi'  me  ;"  an'  soa  I  broht  it  hoam,  an'  I  pottered  aboot  th'  roots,  an'  I  trem 
it,  an'  I  gev  it  a  sup  o'  warm  tea,  an'  a  few  tealeaves,  an'  noo  you  see  !  — 
Winterton. 

She  gev  me  thease  trees  when  thaay  was  bits  ;  she  trem  'em  offn  hers 
e'  th1  winda'  an'  you  see  how  thaay've  cum'd  on.  —  Bottesford. 

TREMBLES,  TREM'LS  (trem-lz).—  Ague;  palsy. 
TREMENDEOUS.—  Tremendous. 
TREMMLE  (trern-1),  v.—  To  tremble. 

TRESSLE  (tres-1).  —  (i)  A  carpenter's  stool  on  which  wood  is 
rested. 

(2)  The  stools  on  which  coffins  are  placed. 

TRICK.  —  Concern;  business;  traffic. 

He's  a  shack-bag;  I'll  hev  no  trick  wi'  him. 

TRICKS,  s.  pi.  —  To  be  in  his  tricks  is  to  be  mischievous,  bad- 
tempered,  disagreeable,  or  otherwise  objectionable  without 
violently  offending  against  the  popular  moral  sentiment. 
A  man  is  in  his  tricks  who  gets  drunk,  but  such  an  expression 
would  not  be  used  regarding  him  if  while  in  that  state  he 
beat  his  wife. 

TRIG,  adj.—(i)  Tight. 

Thoo  mon't  shuv  no  moore  i'to  that  bag,  it's  oher  trig  noo. 
"  Trig  as  a  drum."  —  The  Antiquary,  chap.  xxiv. 

(2)  Firm  ;  said  of  the  flesh. 

I'm  mendin'  fast  ;  my  flesh  is  all  trig  agean. 

I  alus  like  a  pig  best  when  its  flesh  cuts  up  nist  an1  trig  ;  it's  sewer 
to  tak  salt  well,  then. 

I  have  been  told  that  trig  means  "  quiet  "  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Grimsby  ;  I  have  never  heard  it  used  in  this  sense  here. 

TRIM,  v.—  To  decorate. 

She'd  a  green  dress  on  trimmed  wi'  yalla"  ribbins. 
Th'  yung  laadies  is  throng  trimmin'  th1  chech. 

TRINITY-MASS.—  The  feast  of  the  Holy  Trinity  (obsolete). 

"  That  all  the  bankes  aboute  the  Inges  be  maynteyned  sufficiently  to 
the  iudgment  of  the  overseers  before  Trinity-mas  on  payne  of  euery 
defalte  iijs.  iiijd."  —  Scatter  Manor  Records,  1639. 

TRINKLES,  s.  //.—Crinkles;  creases.—  Amcotts,  1877. 
TRIPPER.  —  One  who  goes  on  a  pleasure  trip. 


578  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TROD  (trod).— A  footpath. 

There  was  formerly  a  footpath  from  Burton-in-Stather  to  Brigg 
called  Milner's  Trod. 

TROLLOP,  v.— To  beat. 

TROLLOPS. — A  dirty,  sluttish  woman.  There  is  a  popular 
notion,  certainly  incorrect,  that  the  surname  Trollope  comes 
from  the  word. 

TROLLY  (trol-i). — A  low  cart  used  for  delivering  goods. 
TROPHY  MONEY.— (obsolete). 

"  Sir  Thomas  Meres  &  ye  Lady  Irwin  used  to  find  a  horse  to  ye 
militia  for  $£  p  an.  at  Scotton  &  East  Ferry.  Ye  rector  of  Scotter  used 
to  find  a  pikeman  for  $£  p  an.  &  ye  other  freeholders  at  Ferry  used  to 
find  ye  same,  so  yt  divide  ye  whole  sum  charged  for  trophy  money  into 
12  parts  ye  rector  is  to  pay  one  i2th  part  or  2s.  yd£,  ye  freeholders  of 
Ferry,  excluding  ye  Lords  are  to  pay  another  i2th  part  or  2s.  yd-j.,  & 
ye  Lords,  yt  is  Sir  Thomas  Meres  and  ye  Lord  Irwin  are  to  bear  ye 
other  10  parts,  or  i£.  6s.  3d." — Scotton  Parish  Records,  1713-1723,  in  the 
handwriting  of  John  Morley,  the  then  rector. 

The  late  rector,  the  Rev.  E.  F.  Saint  Leger,  told  the  author  that  this 
trophy  money  was  a  payment  of  four  pence  for  every  householder  or 
landowner  for  the  drums  and  colours  of  the  county  militia. 

TROUBLE,  v.— To  go  to  ;  to  visit. 

I  doant  truble  chech  much,  nivergoas  barrin1  at  weddin's  an'buryin's. 
He  hes  n't  been  to  see  his  faather  an"  muther  for  th'  last  five  year, 
soa  he  duz  n't  truble  the  ohd  foaks  much  ony  how. 

TROT. — (i)  An  old  woman  ;  a  term  of  contempt. 

"  See  how  earnest  the  old  trot  is  to  haue  her  here,  and  all  because  she 
is^a  drunken  gossip  of  hers." — Bernard,  Terence,  19. 

(2)  A  little  child. 

TROTTLES,  s.  //.—The  dung  of  sheep,  lambs,  and  rabbits. 

Lamb-trottle  tea,  taa'en  in'ardly,  is  a  very  fine  thing  for  th'  whoopin" 
cough. 

TROV  (trov). — A  trough. 

TROY.— A  steel-yard. 

TROWN.— See  TRAWN. 

TRUNNLE  (trun-1).— The  wheel  of  a  barrow. 

TRUNNLE,  v.— To  trundle. 

TUB-THUMPER.— A  cooper. 

My  dear !  the  tub-thumper,  who  lives  beside  the  Unicorn,  has  been 
thrashing  his  wife. — R.  0.,  Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  1854. 


"  'A  tub -thumper,'  I  repeated,  in  some  perplexity.     'Ay,  mister,  what 
DU  call  a  cooper.'  " — L  J.  Jennings,  Rambles  Among  the  Hills,  1880,  no. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  579 

TUCKED  UP. — Embarrassed  for  room,  or  for  time. 

We're  terrible  tucked  up  e"  this  little  hoose,  wi1  faather,  muther,  an' 
eaght  bairns,  an'  nobbut  two  chaambers. 

Oats  is  ripenin'  that  fast  we  shall  be  tucked  up  for  time  to  get  "em 
afoore  thaay  begins  to  shak. 

TUFFLE  (tuH),  v.— To  bind  flax. 

11  Tuffle  it ;  that  is  making  it  into  a  loose  sheaf,  open  at  the  bottom." — 
Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  164. 

TUFFY.— The  plant  called  Sweet  William  or  London  Tuft. 
TUL,  prep.— To.     See  TIL. 

TUMBLE-DUNG.— A  large  black  beetle  which  lives  in  dung. 
Geotrupes  Stercorarius. 

TUMBLE  OHER  THE'R  HEADS,  TO'N  THE'R  SENS 
OHER. — Cattle  are  said  to  tumble  oher  the'r  heads,  or  to  to'n 
the'r  sens  oher  when  they  make  on  selling  double  what  they 
have  cost. 

"  Dang  it,  that's  a  good  un ;  he's  tumbled  ower  his  head  twice  ower." — 
Ralf  Skirlaugh,  ii.,  121. 

TUMBLER.— A  kind  of  dog  used  in  sporting  (obsolete).  See 
Sportsman's  Diet.,  1785  ;  Nares,  Gloss.  ;  Halliwell,  Diet. 

In  1629  Tristram  Burton,  of  Crossby,  deposed  that  certain  poachers 
came  into  the  East  Moors  of  Crossby  with  tumblers  for  the  purpose  of 
catching  rabbits. — Excheq.  Depos.  4,  Car.  i.,  Easter,  No.  29,  Line. 

TUMBREL,  TUMRIL.— A  square  frame  for  holding  fodder 
in  fold-yards.  In  many  parts  of  England  tumbrel  signifies 
a  cart,  but  here  it  has  no  such  meaning.  See  C.  C. 
Robinson,  Mid.  Yorks.  Gloss. — E.D.S.  Walker,  Sufferings 
oftht  Clergy,  ij.,  397. 

"  12  tumprill  posts  at  is.  ^d."—Bill  of  William  White,  of  Scatter,  1821. 
"  We  went  together  into  the  crew,   and   found   some  eggs  under  a 
tumbril." — Boston  Advertiser,  June  30,  1840,  p.  3,  col.  4. 

TU  MM  A.— Tome. 

TUMMLE  (tum-1),  v.— To  tumble. 

TUN  DER.— Tinder. 

"  Matches  an'  tunder, 

When  a  man's  married,|he's  fo'st  to  knock  under." 
"  Tunder  is  mentioned  among  the  necessaries  to  be  provided  for  the 
Earl  of  Northumberland  on  his  joining  the  army  in  1513." — Archaologia 
xx vj.,  404. 

TUNDER-BOX.— A  tinder-box. 
As  brisk  as  a  tunder-box. 


680  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TUNEABLE,  adj.-(i)  Able  to  sing. 

(2)  In  tune.  The  word  is  of  constant  occurrence  in  bell- 
founders'  contracts. 

"  More  tuneable  than  lark  to  shepherd's  ear." 

Mid.  Nt.  Dream,  j.  j.  184. 

TUNNEL  (tun-1).— A  funnel. 
TUNNER.— (i)  One  who  tuns  beer. 

(2)  A  large  wooden  funnel,  by  aid  of  which  beer  is  put  into 
casks.  In  the  inventory  of  John  Nevill,  of  Faldingworth, 
taken  in  1553,  a  tunier  is  mentioned. 

TUP.— (i)  Aram. 

A  little  boy  at  a  Sunday  School  was  told  that  if  he  behaved  well  he 
would  be  "  one  of  the  lambs  of  the  Lord."  On  being  asked  what  his 
grandfather  would  become  if  he  likewise  behaved  well,  the  child 
.replied  "|Maay-be  a  ohd  tup." 

(2)  The  falling  weight  of  a  pile  engine. 
TURBARY,  TURFARY.— A  place  where  turves  are  dug. 
TURF-DYKE,  TURF-PIT.— A  pit  whence  turves  are  taken. 

TURF-GRAFT. — An  allotment  on  a  common  or  other  place 
where  turves  are  dug  (obsolete),  and  perhaps  also  the  turves 
themselves. 

"  None  shall  signe  any  of  their  turfe-gmftes  afore  they  be  graven,  but 
after  they  have  graven  them  they  may  sell  them." — Bottesford  Manor 
Records,  1572. 

TURK. — A  bad-hearted  or  violent  man  ;  a  man  whose  bad 
language  is  considered  not  to  be  an  exaggeration  of  his  real 
designs. 

He  behaaved  like  a  real  Turk,  he  did. 

TURKEY-EGGS,  s.  //.—Freckles. 

TURMENT  (turment).— Torment. 

What  a  turment  thoo  art,  bairn ;  I'd  raather  ride  bare  back-side  to 
Linc'n  up'n  a  fur-busk,  then  be  wi'in  a  mile  o'  thee. 

TURMENT  (turment-),  v. — To  torment. 
If  you  turment  them  wasps  thaay'll  tang  ye. 

TURN.— See  TO'N. 
TURN-THRAW.— A  turning-lathe. 

TURVES  (turvz),  5.  //.—Peat  cut  for  fuel. 

In  the  inventory  of  Edward  Dixon,  of  Keadby,  1684,  occurs,  "  turfes, 
black  &  white,  £3  ios." 


MANL£Y    AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  58.1 

TUSH,  TUSHIPEG.— A  child's  name  for  a  tooth. 
TUSSOCK.— A  "hassock"  (q.v.) 
TUTHER.— The  other.     See  TONE. 
TUZZLE.— A  tussle;  a  struggle. 

TWANG.— (i)  Savour;  flavour. 

This  tea's  gotten  th'  twang  o'  sum'ats  it  should  n't  hev. 
(2)  Mode  of  speech  ;  accent. 

She  speaks  wi'  a  sooth-cuntry  twang. 

TWANGER.— (i)  A  barefaced  lie. 
(2)  Something  very  large  or  excellent. 

Them  to'nups  e'  th'  foherteen  aacre  is  twangers. 

TWANGLING  JACK.— A  fiddler  (obsolescent). 

"  On  May  even,  the  lads  and  lasses  .  .  .  preceded  by  T wangling 
Jack  the  fiddler,  danced  their  way  to  the  town." — Mackinnon,  Ace.  of 
Messingham,  1825,  n. 

TWANK,  ».— To  beat. 

TWADDLE-PEG.— An  earwig. 

TWEL'MUNTH.— A  twelvemonth. 

TWICER  (tweis'ur). — A  thing  worth  two  of  something  else. 

TWIG,  v. — To  understand. 

"  Biggy  made  a  blunder, 

An'  that  was  very  big  ; 
Biggy  made  a  blunder 
Acos  he  could  n't  twig'' 

Local  Rhyme. 

TWILL. — The  spool  of  a  spinning-wheel. 
TWILT.— A  bed  quilt. 
TWILT,  v.— (i)  To  quilt. 

(2)  To  beat. 

I'll  twilt  thy  mucky  bastard  bairn  aboon  a  bit  th'  fo'st  time  I  clam 
hohd  on  it. — Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  1855. 

TWILTING-FRAME.— A  quilting-frame ;  a  frame  in  which 
bed-quilts  are  made. 

TWINE. — Thin  string  used  for  packing  parcels.      It  seems  to 
mean  string  composed  of  two  strands  only,  twisted  together. 

"  Being  that  I  flow  in  grief, 
The  smallest  twine  may  lead  me." 

Much  Ado  About  Nothing, 

Act  iv.,  so.  i,  1.  253. 
T 


582  MAN  LEV  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

TWINE,  v.— (i)  To  twist. 

I'll  twine  thy  neck  roond  for  the. 

"  Let  me  twine  mine  arms  about  that  body,  where  against 
My  grained  ash  an  hundred  times  hath  broke." 

Coriolanus,  Act  iv.,  sc.  i,  1.  112. 

(2)  To  incline. 

She  was  broht  up  chech,  but  alus  twined  to  chapilwards. 

T WINK.— A  twinkling. 

TWINTER,  TWINTY.— A  two-year-old  colt,  ox,  or  heifer. 
[From  two-winter. — J/F.W/.S.] 

TWISN.— Twisted. 

This  band's  that  twisn,  I  can't  undo  it  at  noht. 

TWITCH.— (i)  Couch-grass. 

"A  continued  mat  of  triticum  repens,  or  what  is  commonly  called 
couch  or  twitch-grass." — Th.  Stone,  Rev.  of  Agric.  of  Line.,  1800,  318. 

"  Teasing  twitch,  that  in  the  spongy  soil  clings  round  the  coulter."— 
John  Clare,  Shepherd's  Calendar,  p.  29. 

(2)  A  stick  with  a  cord  attached,  used  for  holding  horses  by 
the  upper  lip. 

TWITCH,  v.— (i)  To  tie  tightly. 
(2)  To  castrate  by  means  of  a  cord. 

TWITCHEL  (twich-1).— A  narrow  lane;  an  entry. 

TWITCHING.— Gathering  twitch. 

See  Gent.  Mag.,  1795,  ij.,  675;  Arth.  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  398. 

TWITCHY.— (i)  Infested  with  twitch. 

I  niver  seed  a  twitchier  peace  then  Hall's  Middle  Naathan  Land  was ; 
you  mud  hev  hung  hosses  to  it  an'  traail'd  it  oot  o'  th'  parish  anearly 

(2)  Made  of  twitch. 

"  How  beatiful  to  see  thee  soar  to  rest, 
Winnowing  thy  russet  wings  above  thy  twitchy  nest." 

John  Clare,  To  The  Lark ;  Life  and  Remains,  137. 

TWITTER.— A  state  of  nervousness  or  fear. 

He's  in  a  straange  twitter  along  o'  thease  bad  times. 

TWIZZLE,  v.— To  twirl ;  to  twist. 

TWO'S,  TO  COME  TO,  TO  FALL  TO,  TO  GET  TO.— To 

have  a  decided  difference  of  opinion  ;  to  quarrel. 
Him  an'  her  fell  to  twos  aboot  edicaatin'  yon  bairn  o'  theirs, 
Thaay've  been  at  twos  fer  years  an1  years, 


MAtfLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  583 

TYKE  (teik).— (i)  A  dog. 
(2)  A  tiresome  boy. 

TYPE  (teip). — A  place  with  artificial  burrows  called  angles 
therein,  furnished  with  stops,  used  for  taking  rabbits  in 
warrens. 

TYPE,  TYPE-UP  (teip),  v.— To  tip-up;  to  overturn. 

TYRANT.— A  tiresome  child. 

I  niver  heard  tell  on  sich  tyrants  as  yon  bairns  is  e'  all  my  born  daays. 


MAtfLEY    AMD    CORRINCHAM    WORDS. 


u 

UGLY.— (i)  Bad  tempered. 

You  nead  n't  to'n  ugly  aboot  it,  fer  I  weant  stan'  an'  listen  to  ye,  soa 
noo  then. 

(2)  "  Goa  tell  thy  mother  to  chean  ugly  up,"  is  a  remark  often 
made  to  a  pouting,  ill-tempered  child, 

UGLY-MOUTHED.— Foul-mouthed,  given  to  bad  language. 
She's  th'  ugly-mooth'dist  woman  I  iver  heard  speak. — 1870. 

UN. — Used  at  times  for  the  Latin  negative  prefix  in  or  im,  as 
"  wwpossible,"  "  ^convenient." 

UNBETHINK,t;.— To    recollect  (Mid.  E.  unbethinken ;   A.  S. 
ymb-f>encan). 

"  Now  William  the  Conqueror,  haveing  the  whole  nation  at  command, 
begun  to  unbe think  himself  how  he  might  gratify  his  favourites." — De 
la  Pry  me,  Hist,  of  Winterton  in  Archaologia,  xl.,  234. 

UNCLE.— (i)  ''That  theare  poany  lives  wi' his  uncle  ;"  that 
is,  has  a  kind  master  who  feeds  him  well. 

(2)  "  When  I  was  a  aable-bodied  woman  I  wo'dn't  hev  thenk'd 
King  George  fer  to  be  my  uncle;'1  that  is,  in  those  days  I 
felt  quite  independent  of  anyone. 

(3)  The  people  very  rarely  say  nephew  or  niece  ;  they  almost 
always  speak  of  the  senior  as  uncle  or  aunt  to  the  junior. 

"  She's  a  child  her  husband  was  uncle  to." — Mabel  Heron,  i.,  137. 
"That  young  woman  I'm  uncle  to." — Ibid,  ij.,  120. 

UNCOMEATABLE  (urrkumat'ubl),  a^'.— Unattainable. 
UNCOMED,//.— Not  come. 

The  author  heard  the  following  conversation  at  the  Kirton-in-Lindsey 
post  office,  about  the  year  1857. 

Old  Woman  (tapping  at  the  office  window)  :  Noo  then,  Mr.  Frow,  hes 
that  letter  cum'd  ? 

Mr.  Frow  (post  master)  :  Noa,  it  hesn't. 

Old  Woman  :  Well,  noo,  Mr.  Frow,  do  you  think  yersen  this  is  rh' 
reight  waay  to  ewse  a  woman  ?  Here  hev  I  been  ivery  daay,  ivery  daay 
for  a  weak,  clartin1  aboot  efter  ye,  to  ax  for  my  awn  letter,  an  it's 
uncum'd  yit.  Will  it  be  here  to-morra  ? 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  685 

UNCONSCIONABLE,  ^.—Unreasonable. 

What  an  unconscionable  time  e'  th'  mornin'  this  is  to  cum.  You  oht  to 
ha'  been  upo'  th' job  by  six,  an'  it's  just  upo'  th'  strike  o'  eaght,  an'  not 
a  hand-stir  dun. 

CJNCUNNING,  adj. — Ignorant;  stupid;    see  Mon.  Ang.,  iiij., 
554- 

UNDECENT,  o^.— Indecent. 

UNDERCOMESTAND,  v.— To  understand. 

Them  west-cuntry  sarvant  lasses  talks  that  fine  I  can't  undercumstand 
what  thaay  saay. — 1880. 

UNDERCOMESTUMBLE,  v.— To  flounder  in  speech. 

He  undercumstumbled  aboot  soa  I  could  get  th'  reight  end  of  noht. 
[Oddly  enough  under  come  stumble  is  used  in  London  in  place  of  understand,'] 

UNDER-DRAWING.— A  plaster  ceiling. 

UNDERFIND.— To  discover. 

He  was  here  last  neet,  I  underfind,  though  thaay  did  n't  want  me  to 
knaw.  t 

UNDERHANDED,  adj.—(i)  Underhand. 

It  was  a  straange  underhanded  trick. 

Ther'  's  noht  underhanded  aboot  him  ;  he's  alus  strlght  for'ad  wi'  one 
whether  he's  mad  or  pleas'd. 

(2)  Not  having  a  sufficient  number  of  hands,  that  is,  work 
people. 

We're  alus  underhanded  on  threshin'  daays  ;  catch-men  is  n't  to  be 
gotten  noo  at  noa  raate. 

UNDERLOUT.— (i)  A  lazy  servant  boy. 

(2)  The  least  boy  on  a  farm. 

(3)  The  weakest  beast  in  a  herd. 

UNDERMIND,  v.— To  undermine. 

The  watter's  underminded  th'  beck  side  agean  th'  gravil  pit  soa  as  it's 
sewer  to  fall  in. 
He's  a  mean  soort  'n  a  man,  alus  tryin'  to  undermind  sumbody. 

UNDERNEAN.— (i)  Underneath. 
It  ligs  yonder  undernedn  them  trees. 
(2)  Deceitful. 

I  haate  undernedn  wark  ;  let  him  saay  all  he  knaws  afoore  one's  faace, 
not  when  one's  back's  to'n'd. 

UNDERPIN. — To  put  a  new  foundation  under  a  wall  already 
built. 


586  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 


UNDERSKIMMINGS.—  The  thin  cream  which  lies  under 
that  of  thicker  quality.  The  latter  is  put  into  the  cream- 
pot  to  be  churned  into  butter,  the  under  skimmings  are  used 
for  tea  and  coffee. 


UNDERSUFFING.—  Underdraining. 

UNDER  THE  ROOF.  -In  the  house. 

I  wo'd  n't  be  under  th"1  roof  wi'  a  brewt  like  that  at  noht. 

UNDERVOKE.—  To  undermine. 

"  If  you  undervoke  that  side  oher  far,  it'll  all  cauve  in  an'  bury  you.''  — 
George  Johnson,  Ashby,  Jan.,  1881. 

UNGAIN,  adj.  —  (i)  Inconvenient. 

It's  a  real  ungaain  plaace  ;  all  th'  rooms  oppen  one  thrif  anuther. 

(2)   Unskilful  ;  awkward. 

She's  that  ungaain  she  '11  niver  be  noa  good  to  noabody,  lass,  wife  nor 
wida'. 

UNGONE,^/.—  Not  g£ne. 

He  cum'd  two  hooers  sin'  an'  th'  idled  fella"  's  ungone  yit.  See 
UNCOMED. 

UNHEPPEN,  *#.—  Unskilful.     See  HEPPEN. 

He's  th'  unheppenist  bein'  at  han'lin'  a  tool  'at  I  knaw  on. 

UNJUN.—  An  onion. 

UNKIND,  adj.—(i)  Crooked;  twisted;  lit.  unnatural. 
Them  eshes  graws  real  unkind, 

(2)  Heavy  ;  sad  ;  said  of  land, 

Tenant  :  "  That  wood-cloase  o'  yours  is  straange  unkind  land  ;  I  oht 
to  hev  sum  rent  knock'd  offo'  accoont  on  it." 

"  Squire  :  It  is  n't  pulling  rent  off  that  will  do  you  any  good.  It 
wants  plenty  of  lime  and  Hett's  cultivator  through  it  twice  over.  —  1880. 

UNKNOWN  LAND.—  When  lands  were  unenclosed,  if  a 
person  had  a  right  to  a  certain  number  of  acres,  but  had 
not  any  merestone  or  other  mark  to  shew  where  they  were, 
his  property  was  called  unknown  land,  and  he  was  required 
by  the  manorial  or  parochial  authorities  to  take  his  crop, 
from  year  to  year,  in  such  parts  of  the  field  as  were  allotted 
to  him. 

UNLIKE,  UNLIKELY.—  Bad;  displeasing. 

A  woman,  on  being  shewn  an  insect  which  she  considered  noxious, 
said,  "  It's  a  foul  thing;  it's  all  o'  a  peace  wi'  thease  unlike  times."  — 
July  6,  1887. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  687 

UNLIVERABLE,  adj.— Not  fit  for  delivery;  commonly  said 
of  potatoes  ;  sometimes,  though  but  rarely,  of  other  kinds 
of  farm  produce.  See  LIVERABLE. 

UNLOHSE,  UNLOOSE,  «.— To  loose. 

Unlohse  that  bull  an'  let  him  goa  i'to  th'  gress  cloas*  wi'  th1  heifers, — 
June,  1887. 

UNMENSEFUL,  adj.— Indecent ;  disorderly. 
UNNATURABLE.— Unnatural. 

UNPOSSIBILITY.— An  impossibility. 

It's  an  impossibility  to  farm  warp-land  to  ony  sense  if  it  can't  be  kep' 
clear  o'  watter. 

UNPOSSIBLE,  adj.— Impossible. 

It's  unpossible  to  live  wi'  a  woman  like  her  wi'  oot  fallin'  oot. 

"  It  is  impossible  almost  for  two  young  folks,  equall  in  years,  to  live 
together,  and  not  be  in  love,  especially  in  great  houses." — Robert 
Burton,  Anat.  Mel.,  1652,  481. 

UNPUTTENUPPEN.— Not  put  up. 

The  author  has  heard  this  compound  need  in  this  district  but  cannot 
remember  an  example.  The  following  is  from  Yorkshire :  An  official 
person  at  a  public  meeting  was  taking  part  in  a  discussion  about  some 
lamps,  and,  after  having  satisfied  himself  concerning  those  that  were  in 
use,  enquired,  "  What's  becum'd  o'  all  them  unputtenuppen  uns?" 

UNSATISFIED,  adj.— Dissatisfied. 

UNSTICK. — To  take  down  the  evergreens  and  flowers  which 
have  been  used  to  decorate  a  church  or  chapel.  See 
STICK  3. 

Th'  young  ladies  is  all  throng  unsticking  th'  chech. 

UNSURE.— Uncertain. 

It's  just  as  well  to  be  sewer  as  unsewer,  soa  goa  look  this  minnit. 

UNTIED. — An  inn  or  beerhouse  is  said  to  be  untied  when  it 
does  not  belong  to  a  wine  and  spirit  merchant  or  brewer, 
and  when,  in  consequence,  the  occupier  can  get  the  drink 
he  sells  from  any  person  whom  he  choses.  See  TIED. 

"  Kirton-in-Lindsey  ...  an  untied  beerhouse,  cottages,  and 
land/' — Stamford  Mercury,  April  27,  1888. 

UNTIL,  prep.-(i)  Unto.     See  TIL. 

I've  been  until  him  scoores  o'  times,  bud  could  get  no  sattlement. 
"  I  trust  in  God,  how  dare  you  then 
Say  thus  my  soull  vntill  ?  " 

Psalm  xi.,  Sternhold  and  Hopkin's  ed.,  1628. 
(2)   Into. 

Chuck  sum  moore  stoans  until  her,  she'll  carry  iver  soa  much  moore 
yit.  Said  of  loading  a  cart,  1858. 


588  MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

UP. — Used  with  many  verbs  to  intensify  their  meaning,  as.  to 
clean  up,  to  repair  up,  to  reightle  up. 

UP  AND  DOWN.— Corresponding  with. 

He's  his  awn  faather's  sun  up  art  doon,  boath  e'  looks  an'  waays. 

UPGROWN,  UPGROWD,  UPGRAW'D.— Grown  up. 

He  was  clear  a  little  bairn  when  I  seed  him  last  an'  noo  he's  upgrown 
an'  married. 
Thaay  're  all  upgrowd  noo  an'  one  of  'em  is  e'  'Merica. 

UPHOHD  (upoud-),  v. — To  uphold  ; 'to  support ;  to  warrant. 

"  I'll  uphohd  it"  is  a  common  expression  used  to  indicate  complete 
certainty. 

He'll  find  things  different  sum  time  or  anuther  I'll  uphohd  it. 

Your  gard'ner's  maade  his  sen  into  a  gent,  then,  noo,  I'll  uphohd  it, 
for  I  seed  him  mysen  nobbut  yisterdaay  walkin"  wi'  a  carpet-bag  e1  his 
hand. — Keadby,  1876. 

UP  NOR  DOWN.— Anywhere. 

I've  been  lookin'  for  th'  offil  ohd  thing  all  th'  mornin',  an'  can't  find 
it  naaither  up  nor  doon  noawheare. 

UPON  HEAPS.— In  confusion. 

"  I  doan't  knaw  whether  you  can  get  in  or  not,  we're  all  upo'  heaps;" 
said  by  women  when  anyone  calls  on  them  during  the  process  of 
house-cleaning. 

UPOV.—  Upon. 
UPANEND.— ON  END  (q.v.) 

UPPING-STEPS,  UPPING  -  STONES.  —  HORSING  -  STEPS 
(q.v.)  Cf.  Notes  and  Queries,  v.  series,  iv.,  18,  275. 

UPPISH,  adj.— Haughty. 

UPRISE. — A  rising  in  social  position. 

Th'  uprise  o'  that  fam'ly  was  th'  inclosures. 

UPRISING. — Getting  up  in  a  morning. 

It  was  time  for  uprisin'  afoore  ony  on  us  was  e'  bed. 

UPRISING  AND  DOWN-SETTING.— To  know  the  uprising 
and  doon-setting  of  a  person  or  family,  means  to  know  all 
about  his  or  its  private  concerns.  See  Psalm  cxxxix.,  i. 
(Prayer  Book  Version.) 

UPSHOT. — Result ;  consequence  ;  outcome. 
UPSTEER. — Disturbance  ;  confusion. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  589 

UPSTEERED. — Thrown  into  confusion;    commonly  used  of 
houses  or  household  goods. 

All  th'  rooms  was  upsteer'd  thrif  th'  sweeps  cumin'. 

UPSTROKE,— Result ;  conclusion. 

Th'  upstvodke  on  it  all  was  'at  thaay  ton'd  him  oot  o'  his  farm. 

UPSYDAISY. — An  expression  used  when  lifting  an  infant. 
UPSYDOWN.— Inverted. 

UPTAK. — (i)  The  taking  up  or  entering  upon  anything. 

It's  to  be  hoaped  his  brass  '11  be  ready  when  th1  uptak  cums. 
Uptak  daay  fer  land  here  aboots  is  Laady  Daay,  fer  hooses  Maayda'. 
"  Mr.    Tompson    for    the    uptak    money    £i    los.    od." — Northorpe 
i  Accounts  i  1782. 

(2)  The  taking  possession  of  a  purchased  article,  especially 
of  wool,  which  has  to  be  weighed  before  delivery,  in  the 
presence  of  the  purchaser  or  someone  acting  for  him. 

(3)  A  deposit  paid  on  the  purchase  of  timber,  &c. 

(4)  Consequence ;  result. 

The  uptak  on  it  'all  be  that  them  two  11  fall  oot  aboot  that  theare 
shootin,  as  sewer  as  th1  season  cums  on. 

(5)  The  extreme ;  commonly  used  in  a  bad  sense. 

"  I've  knaw'd  a  many  bad   seasons  afoore  noo,  bud  this  is  th'  uptak 
on  'em  all."     1887.     Said  of  Humber  salmon  fishing. 

UP  TO. — Equal  to  any  undertaking. 

He's  up  to  enterin"  on  a  farm  of  foher  or  five  hunderd  aacre. 
He's  six  suns,  bud  thaay  're  noane  on  'em  up  to  noht. 

UP  TO  NOHT.— Good  for  nothing. 

He'll  be  keepin'  them  theare  taaties  on  an"  on  till  thaay 're  up  to  noht. 

US. — (i)  Frequently  used  for  the  singular,  even  when  "  I "  is 
employed  in  the  same  sentence. 

Mammy,  gie  us  sum  bread  an*  butter,  I'm  that  hungry  I  could  eat 
a  boss-collar. 

Lend  us  yer  hand-saw,  will  ye  ?  I've  brokken  mine. 

(2)  We.     See  remarks  on  the  pronouns  under  HE. 

Us  two  'all  goa  togither. 

Him  an'  us  hev  alus  been  good  friends. 

USE,  EWSE.— Power  of  action. 

I've  niver  hed  noa  ewse  e'  thease  fingers  sin  I  got  'em  laamed  e'  th' 
cuttin'  machine  when  I  was  a  lad  at  Notherup. 


590  MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

USED  TO  COULD.— Used  to  be  able. 

I  ewsed  to  could  rip  along  as  well  as  ony  man,  bud  I  can't  noo ;  years 
is  tellin'  on  me  fast. 

I  doan't  knaw  whether  I  could  find  th'  road  nop,  bud  I  ewsed  to  could. 

I  ewsed  to  could  n't  read  a  line  e'  th'  book,  bud  sin'  I've  been  married 
my  wife's  teach'd  me. 

USED  TO  WOULD.— Would. 

He  niver  went  to  chech  at  that  time  o'  daay,  'cos  he  did  n't  ewse  to 
would. 

USE,  IN. — Mares  are  said  to  be  in  use  when  desirous  of  the 
stallion. 

USE  MONEY.— Interest  for  money. 

USE  WOMEN,  TO.— To  commit  fornication  or  adultery. 

UVEN.— An  oven. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  591 


VAILS,  s.  pi. — Presents  to  servants  (obsolescent). 

VALANCE-STICK.— A  thin,  flat  rod,  which  runs  in  a  slot  in 
the  top  of  a  bed-valance,  and  is  used  for  keeping  it  in  its 
place. 

VALLIDOM.— Value. 

It's  not  th'  vallidom  of  sixpence. 

VALUATE,  VALLIATE,  v.— To  value. 

When  all  things  is  valuaated,  it  will  cum  oot  he  awes  me  munny. 

VALUE,  VALLY.-(i)  Size;  weight. 

Not  th'  value  of  this  here  brick. 

It  was  maaybe  th'  value  o'  that  theare  taable  top,  bud  a  bit  thicker. 

(2)  Space  of  time. 

I  waaited  for  him,  maaybe  the  vally  of  ten  minutes. 

VAMP,  v.— To  vaunt ;  to  brag. 

I  niver  heard  onybody  vamp  consarnin'  the'r  bairns  as  she  duz. — 
Scunthorpe,  March  15,  1878. 

VAMP  ABOUT.— (i)  To  jump  about  in  a  half  playful,  half 
menacing  manner. 

(2)  To  waste  time  on  small  errands ;  sometimes  connected 
with  the  idea  of  flaunting  idleness. 

VAPORATE — To  evaporate. 
VARDIGREASE.— Verdigris. 

VARDIT,  VARDY.— (i)  Verdict. 

(2)  Opinion. 

I  think  we  shall  hev  snaw  ;  what's  your  vardit  ? 
Ho'd  thoo  thy  noise,  thoo's  alust  poakin'  in  thy  vardit. 

VARGIS. — An  acid  liquid  similar  to  vinegar,  made  from  apples, 
or  more  commonly  from  crabs.  See  CRAB  VARGIS. 

VARMENT  (varment).— (i)  Vermin. 
(2)  A  term  of  abuse. 


592  MANLEY   AND     CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

VARRA  (varr'u),  adv.— Very. 

VARTIWELL. — The  eye  of  a  gate  in  which  the  crook  works. 

"  March   3oth    [1763] ,   crookes    and    vartuales,   &  bands,    is.    8d — 
Northorpe  Ace. 

VAST,  VASTING,   adj.— Great,    numerous,   used  as  a   sub 
stantive  for  a  large  quantity. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  a  vast  o'  rabbits  at  Holme. 
Theare's  a  vastin'  o'  pears  to  year. 

VELVET-TONGUE.— A  smooth-spoken,  deceitful  person 
VEMON.— Venom. 

VENNER,  v. — To  scowl,  to  draw  up  the  lips  with  a  snarl  of 
suppressed  anger. 

Th'  ohd  dog  niver  tuch'd  pup,  he  nobbud  vernier' d  at  him 

VENNER  UP,  v.— To  become  angry  or  spiteful. 

VERY  DEAL.— Very  much. 

My  missis  is  a  very  deal  better  this  mornin'. 

VERY  NOT  WELL.— Very  unwell. 

Well,  John,  how's  your  missis?  Thank  you,  she's  very  not  well  this 
mornin'. 

VESSES  (ves-ez),  s.^/.— (i)  Verses. 

She  cut  them  vesses  oot  o1  th'  paaper,  an'  thaay  was  pinn'd  up  agean 
her  bed  when  she  deed. 

(2)  Especially   the    hymns   which    Sunday   school    children 
repeat  at  their  anniversary. 

I'm  gooin'  to  chapil  to  hear  the  bairns  saay  the'r  vesses. 

VICE. — Part  of  a  spinning  wheel  fitted  with  wire  hooks,  for 
conducting  the  thread  to  the  spool  which  is  put  upon  it. 

VIEW. — Quantity,  number. 

Ther'  was  a  straange  view  o'  wild  ducks  went  oher  oor  hoose  last 
neet. — Dec.,  1879. 

"  There  was  a  syde  table,  at  whiche  satte  a  greate  vue  of  ladyes." — 
Document  0/1472  in  Archceologia,  xxvi.,  278. 

VIEWLY,  adj.— Pleasant  to  the  eye. 

Butchers  blaws  meat  to  mak  it  look  viewly. 

That  calica  looks  viewly ',  bud  why,  what's  it  doctor'd  up  wi"  ? — chalk 
an'  glaazin';  an'  when  it's  wesh'd  it's  as  thin  as  a  bit  o'  muslin  ;  ducks 
could  pick  corn  thrif  it. 

VOLANTINE.— A  valentine. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  593 


W 

WAB.— Foolish  chatter. 

"  Sich  wab  as  sum  on  'em  talk  at  love  meatins!  It's  enif  to  mak  a 
dog  sick  to  hear  "em." — Sarah  Stocks,  25th  June,  1877. 

WABBLE  (wob-1),  v.~To  tremble;  to  reel  about;  to  sway 
from  side  to  side,  as  a  duck  does  in  walking. 

WAD. — A  mark  in  shooting,  ploughing,  land  measuring,  &c. 

WAD,  v.— Would. 

Wad  you  tak  me  a  little  parshil  to  Gaainsbr'  next  time  you  goa  ? 

WAD-STAFF,  WAD-STICK.— A  tall  white  wand,  or  a  wand 
painted  with  rims  of  various  colours,  used  as  a  mark  for 
ploughmen  in  setting  out  furrows. 

WADE,  v.— To  ford. 

"I've  waadidivery  dreanan'  beck  ther'  is  at  ween  Flixborough  Stather 
an'  Mo't'n." — Robert  Lockwood,  1849. 

WAFF  (that  is  waft).— Odour;  scent. 

Ther's  a  nasty  waff  o'  new  paaint  aboot.— Aug.  17,  1875. 

WAFFLE.— The  bark  of  a  little  dog. 

WAFFLE-BAGS.— A  person  who  talks  much  and  foolishly ; 
one  who  is  without  fixity  of  purpose. 

He's  sich   'n  a  waffle-bags;  iverybody  e'  th'  toon's  stall'd  to  dead  wi' 
listenin'  to  him. 

What  a  waffle-bags  it  is;    can't  bide  e'  th'  saame  mind  two  daays 
togither. 

WAFFY,  adj.— (i)  Silly;  weak  in  mind. 

He's  real  waffy.     I  ewsed  to  be  mad  wi'  him,  bud  I've  cum'd  to  sea  as 
he  can't  help  it. 

(2)  Weak  in  body,  especially  when  accompanied  by  a  tendency 
to  faint. 

I  felt  that  waffy,  I  should  hevsiled  doon  upo'  th'  floor  if  missis  hed  n't 
gen  me  sum  brandy. 

WAFT. — A  wind;  a  breeze;  a  blast. 

Ther'  was  thunner  e'  th'  air,  an'  he  could  n't  get  a  waft  o'  wind. 


594  MANLEY  AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

WAG. — To  move  the  hand;  to  beckon. 
I'll  wag  of  ye  if  I  want  oht. 

WAGE. — Wages.  The  singular  form  is  perfectly  good  English, 
though  it  has  been  affirmed  over  and  over  again  that  it  is 
but  a  recent  vulgarism.  Academy,  Oct.  16,  1880,  272.  See 
references  to  many  examples  of  the  singular  in  Notes  and 
Queries,  vj.  series,  ij.,  387;  iij.,  ii.,  235-278;  vij.,  178. 

There  is  some  confusion  here  between  the  two  forms,  but  I  think  I 
have  observed  that  wage  is  more  commonly  employed  when  speaking  of 
a  weekly,  monthly,  or  yearly  payment,  no  portion  of  which  becomes  due 
until  the  fulfilment  of  the  whole  term  ;  and  that  wages  is  used  by  those 
who  work  by  the  day,  although  commonly  paid  but  once  a  fortnight. 
A  gardener,  for  example,  who  had  a  pound  a  week,  would  speak  of 
receiving  his  week's  wage  ;  a  farm  labourer,  on  the  other  hand,  who 
had  2S.  3d.  a  day,  would,  at  the  end  of  the  week,  say  that  he  was  going 
to  draw  his  week's  wages.  The  above  remarks  must  be  accepted  with 
reservation  ;  further  observations  should  be  made. 

WAGE,  v. — To  pay;  but  always  used  in  an  evil  sense,  that  is 
either  to  pay  for  something  evil  or  to  bribe. 

You  sea,  he  was  rich,  an'  she  was  nobbut  a  poor  lass ;  he  waaged  her 
to  it. 

If  you'll  beleave  me,  I  would  n't  be  waaged  to  hev  a  loongin  theaf  like 
that  oher  my  door  stoan. 

WAGGON.— See  BARE  CART. 

WAGGON  AND  HORSES.— Ursa  Major,  the  Great  Bear. 

WAGGONER. — The  head  man  among  a  farmer's  yearly 
servants. 

WAHTER. — Water.     (The  ah  as  in  the  interjection  ah.) 
WAIN. — A  waggon  (used  very  rarely). 
WAIN,  v.— To  wean. 

WAIT.— The  act  of  waiting. 

I'd  a  long  waait  for  him  afoore  he  cum'd  fra  th1  club. — Dec.  n,  1876. 

WAITH.— See  WATH. 

WAKE  (waik),  adj.— Weak. 

Th1  poor  bairn's  nobbut  wake  yit. 

Nicholas  Wymbysshe,  of  Blackney,  in  his  will,  made  I2th  May,  1533, 
speaks  of  his  wife  as  "  right  wake  and  feble."— Maddison,  Lincoln  Wills, 
p.  16. 

WAKKEN,  WAKKENSUM.— Wakeful;  sharp;  quick-witted. 

As  wahken  as  a  witterick. 

WALK. — A  footpath  in  a  pleasure-ground. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  595 

WALKER-EARTH.— Fuller's  earth  (obsolescent). 

At  Alfrich,  co.  Worcester,  there  are  some  thin  strata  of  unctuous  clay 
of  a  whitish  hue,  still  called  "  Walker's  clay." — Jabez  Allies,  quoted  in 
Lower's  English  Surnames,  1875,  j.,  124,  n. 

WALKING-FISH.— A  small  silvery  insect. 

WALKS. — An  avenue.  There  was,  until  about  the  year 
1848,  a  long  avenue  of  elms  to  the  south  of  the  village  of 
Burringham,  called  Burringham  Walks.  These  trees  are 
shewn  on  the  old  Ordnance  Map.  Walks  is,  I  am  informed, 
a  common  field-name  on  the  wolds,  perhaps  from  their 
having  been  sheep-walks. 

WALLER,  adj.— Watery  ;  said  of  food. 

That  rice-puddin'  taastes  soa  blew  and  waller. 

WALL-EYED,  adj. — A  horse  is  said  to  be  wall-eyed  when  the 
iris  of  the  eye  is  white.  Skinner  absurdly  says  it  is  so 
called  "  a  similitudine  oculorum  Balanae."  [Rather 
compare  I  eel.  vagi,  a  cross-beam,  roost ;  vagi  a  auga,  a 
beam  in  the  eye  (a  name  given  to  a  disease  in  the  eye) ; 
Swedish  vagel,  a  perch  for  fowls ;  also,  a  sty  (or  disease)  in 
the  eye.—  W.W^S.] 

WALL-PLATE. — A  beam  of  timber  placed  on  the  top  of  a 
wall,  to  which  the  roof  is  attached. 

WALL-ROOTS.— (i)  A  foundation. 

(2)  The  bottom  part  of  the  wall  of  a  room.     The  part  usually 
covered  by  the  skirting-board. 

Oud  Billy  Real  salted  his  pig  e'  oor  parlour,  an'  th'  wall-roots  hes  been 
damp  agean  raain  iver  sin. 

WALLOP. — A  resounding  blow. 

WALLOP,  v.— To  beat ;  to  thrash. 

If  he  duz  n't  behaave  his  sen  I'll  wallop  his  hide  for  him. 

WALLOPER  (wol-upur). — Anything  very  large  or  fine. 
That  sow  o'  thine  is  a  wallopper* 

WAME.— The  stomach. 

WANDED  CHAIR.— A  chair  made  of  wickerwork. 

WANG-TEETH,  s.  //.—The  molar  teeth. 

WANKLE,  *#.— Weak.     A.S.  wancoL 

I'm  gettin'  better  fast,  bud  I  feal  wankle  yit. 

"  He's  been  getting  worse  for  weeks  and  weeks,  and  it  makes  me 
wretched  to  see  him  look  so  wanhle."—Geo.  Manville  Fenn,  The  Parso* 
Q'  Dum/ord,  vol.  iii.,  p.  234. 


506  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

WANKLING.— (i)  A  weakly  child  or  lower  animal. 
(2)  The  least  pig  in  a  litter,  the  "  recklin  "  (q.v.) 

WANT. — A  deficiency.  A  deficient  place  in  stone  or  timber 
is  called  a  want.  A  person  of  deficient  intellect  is  said  to 
have  "  a  want  somewheares." 

WANT,  v.— To  require.    . 

Men  that  duz  a  action  like  this  here  Redbourne  do  wants  sendin'  to 
prison  fer  three  or  foher  year. — Brigg,  Dec.  22,  1888. 
Duz  Trimmer  want  to  be  shutten  up?— July  n,  1888. 

WAP.— (j)  A  blow. 

(2)  Trembling ;  palpitation. 

WAPENTAKE. — "  The  union  of  a  number  of  townships  for 
the  purpose  of  judicial  administration,  peace,  and  defence, 
formed  what  is  known  as  the  hundred  or  wapentake,  a  district 
answering  to  the  pagus  of  Tacitus,  the  hcerred  of 
Scandinavia,  the  huntari  or  gau  of  Germany.  The  terms 
wapentake  and  hundred  are  both,  in  Anglo-Saxon  records,  of 
somewhat  late  occurrence.  The  wapentake  is  found  only 
in  the  Anglian  districts,  Yorkshire,  Lincolnshire,  Notting- 
hamshire, Derbyshire,  Rutland,  and  Leicestershire.  To 
the  north  the  shires  are  divided  into  wards,  and  to  the 
south  into  hundreds.  Hence  the  wapentake  may  be  a  relic 
of  Danish  occupation.  It  finds  a  kindred  form  in  the 
Norse  vapnatak,  which  is,  however,  not  applied  to  the 
district,  but  to  the  form  of  ratifying  the  decisions  of  the 
local  court,  and  hence  to  the  decisions  themselves.  The 
Norman  lawyers  explained  the  word  in  reference  to  the 
formal  recognition  of  the  local  magistrate  by  touching  his 
arms  ;  but  this  is  very  questionable,  and  the  exact  origin  of 
the  term  cannot  be  ascertained,  although  it  unquestionably 
has  reference  to  the  armed  gathering  of  the  freemen,  and 
so  to  the  assembly  rather  than  to  the  district  which  it 
represents." — The  Bishop  of  Chester's  Constitutional  Hist,  of 
Eng.,  1875,  vo1-  i-»  P-  96- 

The  Wapentakes  in  Lincolnshire,  as  at  present  recognized,  are — 

LINDSEY  : 

Aslacoe  Gartree  Walshcroft 

Bradley  Haverstoe  .  Lawress  Well 

Candleshoe  Ludborough  Wraggoe 

Corringham  Manley  Yarborough, 

KESTEVEN : 

Aswardhurn                         Flaxwell  Ness 

Aveland                                Langoe  Winnibriggs  and 

Beltisloe                              Loveden  Threo. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 


597 


Elbe 

The  Wapentakes  given 

Aswardetierne 

Ludes 

Winegebrige 

Avelunt. 

Trehos 

Flaxewelle 

Bradelai 

Harwardeshou 

Waragehou 

Calnodeshou 


HOLLAND  : 
Kirton 

in  the  Domesday 

Calsuad 

Bolinbroc 

Welle 

Aslacheshou 

Lovedune 

Beltoslawe 

Chircheton 

Ulmerestig 

Elleho 

Hille 


Skirbeck. 

Survey  are — 

Waneb 

Walecros 

Manelinde 

Langehou 

Gereburg 

Lagulris 

Epeurde 

Nesse 

Laxewelle 


The  term  Hundred  is  sometimes  applied  to  Manley,  Corringham, 
and  the  other  Lincolnshire  Wapentakes.  This  designation 
has,  I  believe,  occasionally  been  used  in  legal  and  official 
documents,  but  is  none  the  less  an  error. 


Boothly  Graffho 
Calesworth 


Hill  Louth  Eske 

Lincoln,  the  Liberty  of 

are  rightly  called  Hundreds. 


The  following  Lincolnshire  Hundreds  occur  in  the  Domesdiy 
Survey.  The  nature  of  the  distinction  which  existed  at 
that  time  between  Wapentake  and  Hundred  has  not  been 
ascertained. 


Hazebi 

Brezebi 

Ledulftorp 

Haschebi 

Rosbi 

Alesbi 

Fenbi 

Haltune 

Hag 

Cheuelestune 

Burtune 

Fulebec 

Ledeneham 

Beninctun 

Foztune 

Bertune 

Pochinton 

Billingeburg 

Horbelinge 

Draitone 

Leche 

Levretune 

Toft 

Scirbec 

Wibertune 

Franton 

Cherchetune 


Reschinton 

Alfgare 

Riche 

Bicher 

Gosbertechirche 

Calnodesbi 

Dunninc 

Northniche 

Mundebi 

Hotot 

Huuelle 

Stroustune 

Stoches 

Carletune 

Bredestorp 

Bitham,  or  Bintham 

Walesbi 

Beltone 

Gunfordebi 

Suamestede 

Branstune 

Walecot 

Timberlunt 

Chirchebi 

Scapuic 

Blachene 


Haneworde 

Fristun 

Tadeuuelle 

Normentun 

Lude 

Buruelle 

Sumercotes 

Schitebroc 

Widcale 

Suabi 

Richesbi 

Tedlagestop 

Wilgebi 

Grimesbi 

Oresbi 

Tauelesbi 

Stratonc 

Torp 

Wintringeh 

Tedulbi 

Bercham 

Witham 

Catorp 

Ropeslai 

Wellebi 

Hundinton 


See  Bawdwin's  Dom,  Boc.t  second  paging  52,  53, 


598  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

WAPP'LY. — An  oval  piece  of  leather  attached  to  a  stick,  used 
by  butchers  for  killing  flies. 

WAPPE  (meaning  uncertain). — Obsolete. 

"To  Thomas  Kurd,  for  a   wappe  of  iron,  xijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey 
Ch.  Ace.,  1630. 

WAPS. — (i)  The  fan  of  a  machine  for  dressing  corn. 
(2)  A  child's  name  for  a  wasp.     (A.  S.  watps.) 

WAR,  adj.—(i)  Aware. 

He  run'd  at  me  afoore  I  was  war  on  him. 

"  Havelok  was  war  that  Grim  swank  sore." — Havelok,  788. 

(2)  Worse. 

He  gets  war  and  war  daay  by  daay. 

WAR,  adv.— Where. 

War  was  ye  when  I  holla 'd  ? 

WAR  (wor),/f.  t.— Was. 

I  war  agooin'  to  saay  sum'ats  bad,  but  I  can't  mind  what  it  was  noo. 

WARBLES,  s.  pi. — Maggots  under  the  skin  of  living  cattle. 
'WARD.—  An  enclosure  award. 
WARDLE-DAYS,  s.  />/.— Work-days  (rare).    • 

WARK.—  Work. 

He's  two  bellies  fer  eatin'  an'  noan  fer  wark.     Said  of  an  idle  glutton. 

WARK,  v.— (i)  To  work. 

(2)  He  warks  bad,  said  of  the  deep  or  rapid  breathing  of  an 
animal  in  pain. 

(3)  To  purge. 

WARK-FOAKS,  s.  ^/.—Labouring  people. 
WARKMAN.— A  workman. 
WARKMANLY,  ^.—Workmanlike. 
WARKMANSHIP.— Workmanship. 
WARLD.— The  world. 

WARM  v.— (i)  To  beat. 

"  Her  brother  said  he  would  tell  her  father,  and  he  would  warm  her." — 
Leeds  Merc.,  Dec.  8,  1876. 

I'll  warm  the  if  thoo  duz  n't  keep  awaay  fra  that  theare  fire. 

(2)  To  become  angry. 

"  That  made  him  mad.  and  he  shaked  his  fist  in  my  face  ;  then  I  was 
warm  an'  all." — Ralf  Skirlaugh,  ii.,  122. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  699 

WARN,  v.—  (i)  To  give  notice  of  a  parish  meeting. 
(2)  To  summon  a  jury. 

WARNER.— A  church-warden. 

It  has  been  suggested  that  warner  may  not  be  a  corruption  of  warden, 
but  that  a  churchwarden  became  so  called  because  he  was  wont  to  give 
notice  of  parish  matters  in  church.  The  following  is  the  text  of  a 
warning  of  this  kind :  "  Pleas  to  tak'  noatis,  'at  Tom  Rogers,  th1  pinder, 
'11  start  o'  pindin'  pigs  o'  Tuesda'  mornin',  an'  ony  pigs  'at's  catched 
runnin'  e'  th'  toon-streat  '11  be  putten  e'  th'  pinfoud." — Owmby,  nearSpital, 
circa  1820. 

WARNING.— (i)  A  notice  to  quit. 

(2)  A  portent,  dream,  ghostly  appearance,  or  other  real  or 
reputed  supernatural  visitation. 

WARN  OFF.— (i)— To  discharge  from. 

You  bairns  hev  been  warned  off  thea.se  here  .plantins  times  many,  an' 
here  you  are  agean  wi'  yer  han's  full  o'  primroases. — M.P.,  April  10, 1888. 
(2)  To  forbid. 

I've  warned  you  off  cumin'  to  see  oor  Liza  afoore  noo ;  if  I  find  you 
skulkin'  aboot  ony  moore,  I'll  rattle  this  here  furk  shaft  aboot  thy  head. 

WARNOT  LAND.— Certain  lands  within  the  manor  of 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  and  elsewhere  in  this  neighbourhood 
were  formerly  called  Warnot  Land.  The  meaning  of  the 
word  is  unknown  to  me.  See  Valor  Ecclesiasticus,  iv.,  133, 
137;  Norden's  Survey  of  Manor  .of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1616, 
fol.  4,  25b,  30,  48b,  4gb,  64b,  66b. 

WARN'T  (wornt).— Was  not. 

I  warrit  agooin'  to  do  as  he  said,  you  neadn't  think. 

WARP. — The  mud  of  the  Trent,  Ouse,  and  Humber. 

WARPED  UP,  pp. — Said  of  a  person  who  is  silently  stupid. 
A  figure  of  speech  taken  from  a  drain  or  clough-head  so 
choked  with  warp  as  to  be  useless. 

He's  clear  warped  up,  niver  duz  noht  bud  smoa'k  bacca,  an'  think 
aboot  his  bairn.—  W.E.H.,  1876. 

WARPING. — The  process  of  raising  and  enriching  land  by 
causing  the  rivers  Trent,  Ouse,  and  Humber  to  deposit 
warp  upon  it.  Cf.  Stonehouse,  Hist.  Isle  of  Axholme,  38  ; 
J.  A.  Clark,  Farming  of  Lincolnshire,  118. 

WARRAND.— A  warrant. 

WARRANT-MONEY.— Earnest-money. 

"The  churchwardens  .  .  .  did  sell  vnto  James  Dalls,  the  church 
eadlandesof  barley,  and  the  common  pease,  for  which  he  is  to  pay  vnto 
the  said  churchwardens  the  some  of  ten  pounds,  warrant-money,  vpon 
Easter  Munday  next." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1635. 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

WARREND.— A  rabbit-warren. 

WARRENDER.— A  warrener. 

My  faather  was  warrender  at  Thorganby  when  I  was  born.— Yaddle- 
thorpe,  Dec.  19,  1876. 

WARREND-HOUSE.— A  house  in  or  adjoining  to  a  rabbit- 
warren,  wherein  the  warrener  keeps  nets,  traps,  skins,  &c. 
Sometimes  it  is  also  his  own  abode. 

WARSE  (wars).— Worse. 

WARTD  AY.— Workday  (obsolete). 

"  To  Henry  Elles  all  my  wartday  rayment."—  Will  of  William  Ranard, 
of  Appleby,  1542. 

WARTELING. — A  feeble,  desultory  argument. 

WAR  WOPS,  inter j. — An  exclamation  of  disappointment. 

WASH-DYKE. — A  pool,  or  a  part  of  a  stream  in  which  sheep 
are  washed. 

WASTER. — (i)  Any  small  object  in  a  candle  which  causes  it 
to  burn  unevenly  or  to  gutter. 

(2)  A  wasteful  person. 

WTASTE  HEART,  interj. — An  exclamation  indicating  deep 
grief. 

WATER  BEWITCHED.— Very  weak  tea. 

"  The  broth  was  nothing  in  the  world  but  water  bewitched,  if  it 
deserved  so  good  a  name." — Tho.  Brown  in  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange's 
Colloquies  of  Erasmus,  1711,  p.  361. 

WATER-BLAST.— An  eruption. 

WATERBRASH,  WATERSPRINGS,  WATERTAUMS.— 
A  sickness — Quincy,  Lexicon  Mediatm,  1811. 

WATER-CARTS,  s.  //.—Rain-clouds. 

WATER-DOCTOR,  WATER-CASTER.— A  charletan  who 
professes  to  be  able  to  discover  and  prescribe  for  the 
ailments  of  people  from  the  inspection  of  their  urine  only. 

WATER-DOGS,  s.  pi.— Small  clouds  floating  before  or  below 
the  general  mass  of  vapour  ;  said  to  presage  rain. 

WATER  DRILL.— A  drill  by  which  turnip-seed  is  sown 
accompanied  by  water. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  601 

WATER-FURROW.— A  furrow  ploughed  out  with  a  level 
bottom  for  drainage  purposes. 

WATER-GANG.— A  watercourse. 

If  thoo  duz  n't  get  that  water-gang  o'  thine  feighed  oot,  an'  quick,  I'll 
sea  what  the  commissioners  [of  sewers]  will  saay  to  the. 

"  Water-gang,  a  trench,  trough,  or  course  to  convey  a  stream  of 
water,  such  as  are  usually  made  in  sea-walls  to  discharge  and  drain 
water  out  of  the  marshes." — Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726,  sub  voc.  Cf. 
Instruc.  for  jury-men  on  the  Com.  of  Sewers,  1664,  10.  Hay,  Hist,  of 
Arbroath.  120. 

WATERING  PLACE.— A  place  by  the  side  of  a  pond  or 
stream  where  the  bank  has  been  sloped  away  for  the 
purpose  of  giving  cattle  easy  access  to  the  water. 

WATER-JAWLED.— Saturated  with  water. 

That  land  he  calls  Newdowns  is  up  to  noht  at  all ;  wheniver  theare's 
a  sup  o'  raain  it's  as  watter-jawled  as  can  be. 

WATER-JURY.  —  A  jury  consisting  of  eighteen  persons 
employed  by  the  Commissioners  of  Sewers  to  determine 
rights  of  drainage. 

WATER-LOT.— The  portion  of  a  stream  or  drain  which  it  is 
one  person's  duty  to  keep  in  order. 

"  That  all  men  make  ther  water-lottes  within  the  towne  as  ofte  as 
neede  requires." — Scatter  Manor  Records,  1578. 

WATER-SLAIN.— Corn  which  has  been  killed  by  being 
flooded  is  said  to  have  been  water-slain. 

WATER-SPOUT.-— The  rays  of  the  sun  falling  through  a 
cloud  and  seeming  to  touch  the  ground. 

WATERSPRINGS.— See  WATERBRASH. 

WATER-STONE.— A  thin  stone  found  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme 
in  beds  of  clay. — Will.  Peck,  Ace.  of  Isle  of  Axholme,  14. 

WATERS. — The  sea-side,  or  an  inland  spa. 

That  bairn  o'  thine  looks  badly ;  I'd  tak'  him  to  Cleethorpes,  to  th' 
waiters  a  bit,  if  I  was  thoo. 

Mrs.  .  .  .  wantid  to  goa  to  th'  waiters,  bud  she  dar  n't  goa  far 
fra'  hoame,  soa  she  went  an'  lodg'd  at  th'  "Dog  an'  Gun,"  at  East 
Butterwick,  by  th'  Trent-side. 

A  woman  at  Winterton  prayed  in  the  chapel  for  her  son,  "  'at  was 
up  o'  th1  great  waiters."  He  was  a  barge-man  on  the  Keadby  Canal. 

WATERY-RIME.— A  heavy  dew  when  the  thermometer  is 
only  just  above  freezing  point. 


MANLEV  ANt)  CORRINGHAM  WOkDS. 

WATH,  WATHSTEAD,  WAITH,  WARTH.— A  ford. 
(A.  S.  ivad,  Lat.  uadum.) 

"  They  do  further  present     .     .     .     that  the  township  of  Burringham 
in  making  their  warthes   or  fordes  over  the  aforesaid  dytches  do  not 
cast  in  more  sand  then  is  needful   for  the  passage  of  their  cattell."- 
Inquisition  of  Sewers,  1583,  12. 

"From  thence  I  went  over  a  wath.'' — 1697,  Diary  of  Abraham  de  la 
Pryme  (Surtees  Soc.),  153. 

WATTER.—Water. 

WAVER,  v.— To  wave. 

Cloas  to  dry  should  n't  be  left  waaveriii  aboot  by  th'  road-side,  thaay 
scares  bosses  soa. 

WAX. — (i)  Growth.  Cattle,  gooseberries,  and  youths,  when 
they  have  done  growing,  are  said  to  hev'  getten  the'r  wax. 

(2)  A  passion. 

WAX,  v.— To  grow. 

Thy  bairn  waxes  fast,  she's  taller  ivery  time  I  see  her. 
"  ])&  kinges  douther  bigan  ]>riue, 
And  wex  \>&  fayrest  woman  on  Hue." 

Havelok,  1.  281. 

WAXING-PAIN.— Growing  pain. 

WAXWORK. — To  "  look  like  waxwork"  signifies  to  look  very 
fair,  delicate,  or  beautiful. 

Ah  dear  m'm,  how  splendid  that  fuchsia  o'  yours  is  ;  it  really  looks 
just  like  waxwork  for  sart'n.  Nurses  call  babies  little  waxworks. 

WAXY.— Angry. 

"  Oor  mester's  of  ens  waxy  all  aboot  noht  all." — Bottesford  Manor, 
Aug.,  1880. 

WAY. — To  be  "  in  a  strange  waay"  is  to  be  much  troubled  or 
very  angry. 

WAY-GATE. — A  private  right  of  way  over  another's  property. 

WAY-GOING-CROP.— Following  crop,  that  is,  the  right 
possessed  by  tenants  on  certain  farms  of  carrying  away 
the  corn  (that  is,  the  grain  only,  not  the  straw)  grown  on  a 
part  of  the  land,  the  harvest  after  he  has  quitted  the  farm. 

WAYS,  s.  pi. — To  "  go  a  great  waays,"  or  "  a  little  waays"  means 
to  be  of  much  or  little  service. 

His  impidence  duz  him  noa  end  o'  good  among  foaks  here,  bud 
when  he  gets  afoore  th'  big  men  at  th'  'sizes  it'il  nobbut  goa  a  very 
little  waays, 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS,  608 

WAY,  TO  PUT  OUT  OF.— To  trouble ;  to  disappoint.     See 
ROAD,  TO  PUT  OUT  OF. 

WEANDED.— Weaned.  . 

WE'ANT  (wee-h'nt).— Will  not. 

WEAR,  WARE  (wair),  v.— To  spend. 

I've  weared  a  sight  o'  munny  upo'  ray  bairns'  edication.  Tuppens  a 
week  a-peace. 

He'll  soon  wear  his  bit.o'  brass,  he's  scar'd  it  should  bo'n  his  potkit- 
boddum  oot. 

We've  nobbud  one  hen,  an'  bein'  as  eggs  is  soa  dear  an'  hard  to  cum 
at,  we  thoht  we  would'nt  wear  'em  on  wer  sens,  bud  send  'em  to  th' 
vicar;  maayhap  thaay'd  do  him  a  bit  o'  good  noo  he's  badly. — 
Winterton,  Dec.  13,  1878. 

Cf.  Paston  Lett.,  ed.  1874,  ij.  139.     Maddison,  Line.  Wills,  32. 

WEARING.— (i)  A  consumption. 

(2)  Said  of  one  in  extremis,  who  has  lived  longer  than  it  was 
thought  possible. 

She  keeps  wedrin'  at  it  yit,  poor  thing,  bud  she'll  be  goan  afoore 
mornin'. 

(3)  Tiresome  ;  said  of  children. 

Oor  Jemima  Jaane  is  very  wedrin',  she's  alust  cryin'  fer  su'mat. 

WEARY,   adj. — Very  great ;    exceeding ;    always  used   in   an 
unhappy  sense. 

It's  a  weary  while  sin'  he  was  near  me. 

WEATHER. — To  live  nearer  the  weather  signifies  to  live  more 
carefully. 

C.  J.  R.,  a  person  living  at  Messingham,  had  his  furniture  sold  by 
auction,  under  a  bill  of  sale.  W.  S.,  of  Yaddlethorpe,  said  of  him : 
"He'll  hev  to  live  nearer  to  the  weather  noo,  fer  a  peace,  I  reckon." — 
Jan.  27,  1879. 

WEATHER-BREEDERS, s.pl.— Little  clouds  below  big  ones; 
they  are  believed  to  be  a  certain  sign  of  rain. 

WEAZUN  (wee'zun). — The  weazand  ;  the  throat. 
WEBSTER.— A  weaver  (obsolescent). 

WEDDINGER    (wed-ener). — A    person    who    belongs   to    a 
wedding  party. 

.;.  '     nooer 

sin'  " 


O     IT  J 

"  Thaay'll  be  married  by  noo,  I  seed  th'  weddin'ers  pass  hairf  a 
»in'." — Kirton-in-Lindsey ,  Oct.  17,  1853. 


WEE,  adj.— Little. 

She  was  the  weeist  bairn  I  iver  seed  e'  my  life,  bud  she's  a  fine,  strappin' 


woman  noo. 


(K)4  MAMLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

WEE,  v. — To  weigh. 

"There. will  be  sum  (lead)  to  cut  of,  which  will  be  to  wee  back;  I 
have  weed  it,  which  is  56  stone  by  our  stilyards,  but  please  to  wee  it 
youreself." — Letter  of  Christopher  Fairweather,  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  circa 
1808. 

WEEK. — "  Come  week"1  is  an  idiom,  meaning  a  week  since  on 
some  day  yet  to  come. 

Thursda'  cum  week  I  was  at  Brigg  markit. 

WEEL  (weel),  adj.— Well. 

I'm  vary  weel,  thenk  you ;  how's  yer  sen  ? 

WEENIE  (wee-ni),  adj.— Small. 
WEET  (weet),  adj.— Wet. 
WEET,  v.—  To  wet. 

WEET  AS  TRACK,  i.e.,  wet  as  thatch.  The  straw  with  which 
buildings  or  stacks  are  thatched  is  wet  ted  before  it  is  laid  on 
to  make  it  "bed"  properly. 

WEETS.— Weights. 

WEETSHERD  (weefsherd).— Wetshod. 

WEFFLING. — A  noise  made  by  a  dog  between  a  bark  and  a 
whine. 

WEIGH-BALK. — The.  beam  of  a  pair  of  scales,  or  a  steel- 
yard. 

WEIGH-SCALE. — (i)  A  pair  of  scales  or  a  steel-yard. 

(2)  A  state  of  doubt  or  uncertainty. 

I've  been  upo'  th'  weigh-scaale  to  knaw  whether  I  should  buy  it  or 
leave  it  aloane. 

WELCH. — A  native  of  France,  well  known  in  these  parts,  goes 
by  the  name  of  the  Welchman.  This  is  probably  a  mere 
accident,  but  it  seems  like  a  survival  of  the  old  meaning  of 
Welch,  foreign. 

WELL.— Welfare  (obsolete). 

"As  thay  thynke  the  beste  for  welle  of  my  sail.'' — Will  of  Thomas 
Robinson,  of  Appleby,  1542. 

WELL.— Effectively. 

Well  leathered. 
Well  starved. 
Well  froze. 
Well  fined. 

I  hoape  thaay'll  imprison  them  theare  Smelts  well  for  what  thaay  did 
to  Rockingham.— Jan>  i,  1889, 


MANLEV  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  605 

WELL,  v. — To  weld. 

You  mun  well  a  peace  to  th'  end  o'  maaster  fire  potter,  its  getten 
oher  sho't. 

WELL-BRICKS,  s.  //.—Curved  bricks  used  for  lining  wells. 
WELL-COMED  (wel-kumd),  adj. — Come  of  good  ancestors. 

WELL-LOOKING.— Comely. 

She  was  as  well-lookiri1  a  yung  woman  as  iver  I  seed. 

WELL-SPOKEN.— Pleasant  of  speech. 

I  think  she'll  suit  you  m'm  ;  she's  a  very  well-spoken  gell. 

WELT. — That  part  of  the  upper  leather  of  a  boot  which  is 
turned  in  to  be  sewn  to  the  sole. 

WELT,  v.—(i)  To  thrash. 

If  ta  welts  ony  o'  my  bairns  agean  I  shall  go  strlght  off  to  Mr. 
Nelthorpe  an'  get  a  summons. — Scawby,  1886. 

(2)  To  wither.     When  the  sun  dries  grass  cut  for  hay  it  is 
said  to  welt  it. 

It's  my  opinion  he  let  them  seeds  stop  oot  oher  long,  soa  that  th'  sun 
welted  'em  oher  much. — East  Butterwick,  July,  1887. 

WELTED,  WELTERED.— Overthrown  ;  said  of  sheep. 

WEM,  WTEN.— A  blemish,  strain,  or  defect. 

I'd  no  idee  that  tree  was  so  full  o'  wems  as  I've  fun  it  oot  to  be  noo  it 
ligs  all  it  len'th  upo'  th'  floor. — Ashby,  April,  1887. 

Ther's  a  wen  e'  that  theare  lead  atween  th1  barn  end  an'  th'  graainery, 
bud  I  can't  find  noane  noawheare  else,  an'  I've  reightled  that. — Ashby, 
June,  1887. 

WEMBLE, 'v.— To  upset. 

She  wem'led  black  pot  clean  oher,  an'  sent  baacon  an'  watter  across 
floor. 

My  heart  wem'led  oher  when  thaay  tell'd  me.  Said  by  a  person  of  a 
state  of  great  nervous  agitation. 

WEN.— See  WEM. 
WENCH.— A  winch. 

WENCH. — A  female  child  ;  a  girl.  A  lady  having  attempted 
to  explain  the  new-birth  to  a  class  of. lads  at  a  Sunday 
School,  asked  one  of  them  whether  he  would  not  like  to  be 
born  again  ;  "  No,"  was  the  reply.  "  Why  not,  my  boy  ?  " 
enquired  the  teacher.  "  'Acos'  i  might  be  born  a  wench," 
ansv/ered  the  boy. 

WENCH-FACED,  <w#.— Smooth-faced,  not  having  whiskers. 
WEND. — A  boatman's  term  for  turning  a  vessel  round, 


COC  MANLEY    AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS. 

WENDING  PLACE.— A  wide  place  in  a  canal  used  for  the 
purpose  of  turning  vessels  in. 

WENT,  v.— Gone. 

I  seed  him  runnin'  th'  opposite  waay  to  what  he'd  ought  to  have  went. 

WER  (wur').— Our. 

Noo,  thoo  nead  n't  goa  fer  to  saay  it's  thine,  for  it's  wer  awn,  an'  I 
hed  it  afoore  thoo  was  born,  an1  my  faather  afoore  me,  so  noo  then." 

WERKLANDS,  WERKTOFTES.— Lands  which  were,  held 
in  1616,  of  the  Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey. 
The  tenants  were  "  to  plowe,  sowe,  harrowe,  weede,  reape, 
carry  into  the  barne,  thresh,  wynnow,  and  carry  vnto  the 
market  and  to  the  Trent  side.  As  also  to  mowe,  make,  and 
carrye  the  lorde's  haye.  They  were  to  cover  the  lorde's 
capitall,  howse,  and  grainge  at  their  own  charges. "- 
Norden's  Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  9. 

WERRIT,  v.— To  tease ;  to  worry. 

"An'  wo'dn't  lig  wakken  at  neet  i'  yer  beds 
An'  werrit  an'  witter  yersens." 

Mabel  Peacock,  Tales  and  Rhymes,  136. 

WERSENS  (wer  senz). — Ourselves. 

WESH. — A  wash ;  the  quantity  of  clothes  washed  at  one 
time. 

Tell  thy  muther  I  can't  cum  upo'  noa  accoont ;  we've  a  three  weeks' 
wesh  o'  wer  ban's. 

"  When  I  was  a  gell  we'd  nobbud  a  wesh  once  a  quarter,  an'  then  we 
alus  ewsed  to  ewse  pig-muck  e'stead  o'  soap." — Margaret  Richards, 
Northorpe,  circa  1842. 

WESH,  v.— To  wash. 

"For  weshinge  the  sorplese  iiijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1580. 
I  alus  wesh  my  sen  on  a  Setterda'  neet,  want  it  or  not. 

WESH-DYKE.— A  wash-dyke  (q.v.) 

W7EST  COUNTRY.— The  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire  and  the 
counties  beyond. 

"  I've-been,  as  you  knaw  very  well,  all  oher  th'  west  country,  an'  e' 
Scotland,  an'  doon  sooth,  bud  go  wheare  I  mud  I  niver  heard  noabody 
talk  soa  nist  as  them  Norfolk  chaps  duz.  I  of  ens  tries  to  talk  their  waay 
mysen,  bud  when  I'm  well  agaate  ohd  Brooton  will  cum  oot." — W.  W. 
Broughton. 

WEST  SIDE. — The  name  given  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Barton  to  the  district  between  the  Ancholme  and  the 
Trent. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.        607 

WET.— (i)  A  drink. 

I  mun  hev  a  wet;  I'm  as  dry  as  tunder. 
(2)  Rain. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  a  deal  moore  wet  a  few  years  sin  then  ther's  been 
of  laate. 

WET  WF  RAIN.— To  rain  slightly;  to  drizzle. 

Squire  says  Jewly's  the  wettist  munth  e'  th'  year,  bud  I  doant  mind 
what  them  theare  book-larnt  men  says.  Why,  see  here,  this  is  twenty- 
foher  o'  th'  munth,  an'  its  hardlin's  wetted  wi'  raain  sin'  it  cum  in.  Ther's 
not  been  enif  to  sproot  a  to'nup  seed." — Bottesford,  July  24,  1887. 

WET  THE  WHISTLE,  v.— To  drink. 

WETHER. — A  young  castrated  male  sheep. 

"  >en  may  Jx>u  seye,  and  scorne  >e  whejjer 
]>at  jje  wolf  flej>  for  ]>e  wejjer." 

Robert  Manning,  of  Brunne,  Story  of  Eng.  I.,  402. 

WETHER-HOG.— A  young  male  sheep.     Wethevhog  is  a  local 
surname. 

WHACK.— A  blow. 
WHACK,  v.— To  beat. 

WHACKING,  adj.— Large ;  fine. 

That's  a  whackin'  bairn  o'  Sarah's,  thooa  she  can't  faather  it. 
I  niver  seed  whackin' er  swedes  then  warp  land  graws. 

WHALEING. — Boards  used  to  keep  the  bank  of  a  drain  fro 
falling  in. — East  Butter  wick,  July  31,  1876. 

WHANG.— (i)  A  blow. 

(2)  A  large  slice  of  anything. 

What  a  whang  o'  baacon  thoo's  cutten  me. 

WHANG,  v. — (i)  To  throw  violently. 
(2)  To  wrench  ;  to  tear. 

WHARLS,  s.pl. — The  little  flanged  cylinders  from  which  t 
several  strands  of  a  rope  are  spun. 

WHASE  (whaaz).— Whose. 

WHAT.— All ;  as  much  as. 

If  she  knaws  Queen  Victory's  sittin'  upo'  th'  thrcan  o1  Englan1  at  this 
present  time  it's  what. 

WHAT-FOR,,  adv.— Wherefore. 

What-for  hev  you  cum'd  to  dinner-table,  M  .  .  .  wi'oot  hevin' 
yer  hair  reightled,  an'  them  han's  wesh'd  ? 


608  MANLEY  AND  CORKINGHAM  WORDS. 

WHAT  NOW,  WHAT'S  UP.— Phrases  indicating  wonder. 

I  wondered  what  noo  » 

I  couldn't  tell  what  was  up. 

WHATSOMEVER.— Whatsoever. 

WHAT'S  WHAT.— To  know  what's  what  is  to  be  well 
acquainted  with  a  subject,  so  as  not  to  be  ignorant, 
awkward,  or  nervous  when  called  upon  to  act. 

WHATTAN.— What  (sort  of  a). 
Whattan  a  sterm  we  bed  last  neet. 

WHAUP.— A  curlew. 
WHEAL.— A  wheel. 

WHEATS,  pi.  of  wheat. — (Probably  a  modern  newspaper 
vulgarism). 

WHELK.— Force;  violence. 

I  was  sittin'  up  one  neet  efter  iverybody  bed  gotten  to  bed,  an' a  ham 
tum'l'd  doon  fra  th' baacon-chaamber  roof  wi'sich  'n  a  whelk,  it  o'must 
scar'd  me  to  dead. 

WHELKING,  adv.— Very  large, 

WHET. — A  piece  of  mowing  done  between  one  whetting  of  a 
scythe  and  another. — Bottesford,  July  17,  1880. 

WHET,  v. — To  sharpen,  properly  to  sharpen  with  a  whetstone, 
but  now  used  for  sharpening  by  any  other  means. 

WHIFFLING.— Uncertain ;  changeable. 

WHIG. — Whey  ;  obselete  in  this  sense,  but  commonly  used  in 
the  saying,  "  As  sour  as  whig." 

WHILE. — A  time,  commonly  a  long  time. 

What  a  while  you've  been,  Mary  Ann  ;  I've  been  litein'  o'  you 
[waiting  for  you]  a  nooer. 

WHILE,  adv.  prep.— Until. 

"  Stir  this  milk  while  it  boils,"  means  until  boiling  begins.  "  Stir 
this  milk  when  it  boils,"  would  be  the  form  if  the  milk  were  to  be 
stirred  as  soon  as  it  began  to  boil. 

"  Married  we  were  in  mutual  love, 

And  so  we  did  remain, 
Till  parted  by  the  God  of  love 
While  we  do  meet  again. 

Epitaph,  Epwovth  Ch.  Yd. 

WHIM  MY.— Capricious. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  609 

WHIMSEY.— A  whim  ;  an  act  of  folly. 

"It  is  a  strange  and  wonderful  thing  to  consider  into  what 
enthusiastic  whimseys  almost  all  the  nation  fell  in  Cromwell's  days," — 
1694.  Diary  of  Abraham  la  Pryme  (Surtees  Soc.),  42. 

WHIM-WHAM.— (i)  A  whim. 
(2)  A  trifle. 

WHINNY,  v.— To  neigh  as  a  horse. 

WHIN,  WHINS.— Furze. 

Ther'  ewsed  to  be  a  whin  busk  graw  just  a  bit  yon  side  Moor  well, 
but  its  goan  noo. — Yaddlethorpe,  1879. 

"Ther'  was  a  vast  sight  o'  whins  all  roond  aboot  here  afoore  th' 
enclosure." — John  Todd,  Pilham,  circa  1850. 

WHIP  HAND.— The  right  hand,  in  contrast  to 'the  bridle 
hand.  To  have  the  whip  hand  of  a  person  is  to  have  him 
in  your  power,  or  to  be  certain  to  overcome  him  in  any 
contest. 

WHIP  OFF,  v.— To  run  away. 

Ther'  was  a  lot  o'  lads  stealin'  Billy  Real  walnuts,  bud  when  thaay 
seed  me  thaay  whipp'd  o/,  all  bud  one. 

WHIP  ONE'S  SELF.— To  repent. 

Noo  then,  squire,  are  you  agooin'  to  buy  that  theare  Greenhoe  farm 
or  let  it  aloan  ?  I'll  tell  you  how  it'll  be,  you'll  lite,  an'  lite,  an'  lite, 
till  sum  markit  toon  chap,  wi'  a  bit  o'  brass,  cums  and  snaps  it  up,  an' 
then  you'll  whip  yer  sen  iver  efter. — Sept.,  1882. 

WHIP  STRAW.— A  thrasher;  a  term  of  contempt,  See 
BANG-STRAW,  KNAP-STRAW. 

WHISHT.— Silent ;  quiet. 

"Keep  thee  whisht  and  thou  shalt  hear  it  the  sooner," — Bernard, 
Terence,  135. 

"  The  wild  waves  whist." 

Tempest,  act  j.,  sc.  ij.,  1.  379. 

WHISK. — An  instrument  by  which  eggs,  milk,  &c.,  are  beaten 
for  puddings. 

WHISK,  v. — To  beat  eggs,  milk,  &c.,  for  puddings. 
WHISTLE.— The  throat. 

WHISTLE  FOR. — To  whistle  for  anything  is  to  desire,  but 
have  small  chance  of  getting  it. 

WHISTLE-JACKET.— Small  beer. 
WHISUN.— Whitsuntide. 


610  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

WHISUN-ALE.— An  .ale-feast  at  Whitsuntide. 

WHISUN-CAKE.— A  kind  of  cake  eaten  at  Whitsuntide,  made 
of  layers  of  paste,  currants,  sugar,  and  spices. 

WHITE-BUTTONS.— A  policeman. 

WHITE-CORN.— Wheat,  oats,  and  barley  as  distinguished 
from  beans  and  peas.  . 

WHITE  HERRINGS.— Fresh  herrings. 

WHITE  HORSES.— White-crested  waves  in  the  Humber. 

WHITE  LINE.— Flax  which  has  been  pulled  before  the  seed 
is  ripe.  Arthur  Young,  Line.  Agvic.,  1799,  164. 

WHITE-LIVERED.— Cowardly ;  faint-hearted. 

"  How  much  is  this  army  degenerated  since  Cromwell  and  his  demure 
white-livered  son-in-law,  Ireton,  poysoned  their  manners  with  new 
principles." — (Clement  Walker),  Relations  and  Observations,  1648,  j.,  34. 

"  White-brained  milksop"  occ.urs  in  this  sense  in  Wallington's  Hist. 
Notices,  under  the  year  1646,  vol.  ij.,  p.  245. 

WHITE  MEATS.— The  flesh  of  lamb,  veal,  and  rabbits  among 
quadrupeds ;  chickens,  pheasants,  and  partridges  among 
birds. 

WHITE-WASH.— Flattery. 

WHITE  WITCH. — A  witch  who  uses  her  incantations  only 
for  good  ends.  A  woman  who  by  magic  helps  others  who 
are  suffering  from  malignant  witchcraft. 

WHITE  WOOD.— Any  wood  that  is  not  resinous. 

"Ash  or  other  white  wood  rails." — Newton  Enclosure  Act,  1765,  p.  13. 

WHITIE-WHITIE.— The  call  for  geese. 

WHITLEATHER.— That  is  white  leather;  a  kind  of  leather 
remarkable  for  pliability  and  toughness;  frequently  made 
of  the  skins  of  horses,  and  used  for  repairing  harness  and 
the  thongs  of  flails.  Formerly  used  for  the  baldricks  of 
church  bells.  In  the  notes  to  the  E.  D.  S.  Edit,  of  Tusser's 
Husbandrie  is  given  a  fifteenth  century  account  of  how  "  to 
make  whyte  lethyre,"  247. 

"  For  j  horskyn  &  di.  skyn  whiett  ledd(er)  xd." — Louth  Ch.  Ace.,  1500. 

WHITTER,  v.— To  fret ;  to  complain  ;  to  be  querulous. 

Miss  .  .  .  .of  Messingham,  once  discharged  a  maid-servant  for 
insulting  her;  on  inquiry  it  turned  out  that,  after  being  teased  for  many 
weeks  by  her  mistress's  foul  tongue,  the  girl  had  exclaimed  "  wliitter, 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  611 

whitter,  whitter,  whitter,  whitter,  whitter,  whitter,  whitter,  whitter,  you'll 
whitter  my  inside  oot."  The  cruel  mistress  not  unnaturally  resented 
this  rebuke;  she  said  "I  shouldn't  have  thought  so  much  about  it  if 
she'd  said  whitter  once,  but  she  said  it  nine  times  all  in  a  string." 

WHITTERICK.— A  weasel. 

WHITTON. — A  village  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Humber, 
concerning  which  Abraham  de  la  Pryme  has  preserved  the 
following  jingle : — 

"At  Whitten's  town  end,  brave  boys, 

At  WAiftm'jtownepdl 
At  every  door 
There  sits  a  whore, 

At  Whitten's  town  end." 

Diary,  1697  (Surtees  Soc.),  139. 

WHIZGIG.— A  child's  toy. 

WHOLE, — To  heal ;  to  cure  (obsolescent). 

"To  Alice  Hearsie  for  Sutton  childe  for  his  disease  wholeing." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1645. 

WHY.— Used  redundantly. 

Why,  you  knaw  I  was  walkin'  to  Kexby  that  daay,  an'  it  was  straange 
an'  dry,  an1  I  sees  e'  middle  o'  th'  hard  road,  a  bit  o'  yon  side  Corring- 
ham,  a  mohd  runnin'  just  as  if  it  bed  been  a  black  kitlin  ;  soa  I  clicks  it 
up  an'  hugs  it  wi'  me  e'  my  hand  a  peace  o'  waays,  an'  then  I  sets  it 
doon  e'  a  soft  plaace,  an'  it  sunk  i'to  th'  .grund  e'  a  moment,  as 
thof  it  hed  a  been  soa  much  watter.  Thaay're  straange  ohd-fashion'd 
things  them  mohdiwarps  is.^ — July  23,  1887. 

WI'.— By. 

I  was  settin'  all  aloan  wi'  my  sen.,  an'  it  was  raainhr  efter  a  long 
spell  o'  dry  weather,  and  I  hears  sum'ats  begin  to  skreal.  At  fost  I 
thoht  it  wor  a  bairn,  bud  I  fun  oot  efter  a  bit  'at  it  wor  noht  bud  a 
sneel  o'  th'  winda',  graatin'  it  shell  up  o'  th'  glass  as  it  crep'  along. 

He  was  tanged  wi'  a  hetherd. 

WICK.— Life. 

I  niver  knew  sich  'n  a  thing  afoore  i'  all  my  wick. — Ashby,  July  12, 
1875- 

WICK,  adj.—(i)  Quick. 

Wick  as  an  eel. 

He's  a  wick  bairn  ;  alus  runnin'  efter  sum'ats. 

(2)   Alive. 

"  I  thoht  thaay  was  dead  last  back-end,  bud  thaay're  wick  eniff  noo," 
said  of  some  young  fir  trees. 

I'll  skin  ye  wick. — Yaddlethorfc,  circa  1880. 

M. :  "Are  you  afraid  of  going  across  the  church-yard  in  the  dark, 
Hannah  ? " 

H. :  Lor'  bless  yer  noa,  Miss !  It  is  n't  dead  uns  I'm  scar'd  on,  it's 
wick  uns." 


612  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

WICKEN  TREE.— The  mountain  ash. 

"  The  rooks,  where  yonder  witchens  spread, 
Quawk  clamorous." 

John  Clare,  Last  of  March. 

WICKING.— Picking  wicks  (q.v.)    Cf.  John  Marfanfald,  iii.,  136. 

WICK-LIME.— Quick-lime. 

WICK-MAGGOTS.— Maggots  as  distinguished  from  fly-blows. 

WICKS.— Couch-grass. 

She's  goan  to  pick  wicks  e1  th'  cloasins. 

WICK-SPRING. -A  spring  in  the  bed  of  a  river  or  stream. 

You  moan't  ride  that  poany  across  here,  sir,  theare's  wick-springs  e' 
th'  boddum,  an'  you'll  be  stuck  fast  if  you  do.—  Scatter,  circa  1843.  Cf. 
the  terms  rendered  in  the  bible  of  1611,  "  living  water,"  Gen.  xxvj.,  19. 
Num.  xix.,  17.  Cant,  iv.,  15.  Jer.  ij.,  13.  St.  John  iv.,  10  n,  vij.,  38. 
Rev.  vij.,  17. 

WICKWOOD.— QUICK  (q.v.) 

"John  Cheeseman  cleaning  wickivood  4  days  8s." — Bottesfonl  Moors 
Farm  Ace.,  1812. 

WIDENESS.— Width. 

Ran  dyke  should  oht  to  be  nine  feet  e'  wideness. 

WIDOW.  —  Sometimes,  though  rarely,  used  for  widower. 
[The  termination — er — is  comparatively  modern  ;  cf.  A.S. 
wuduwa,  masc. ;  wuduwe,  fern. —  W.l/F.S.] 

WIDOW-WOMAN.— A  widow. 

WTIER  POND.— The  name  of  a  pool  of  water  at  Winterton, 
filled  up  about  1865,  and  of  another  at  Scunthorpe  which 
yet  exists. 

WIFFY-WAFFY,  adj.— Weak;  foolish. 

If  things  was  as  thaay  hed  oht  to  be,  bishops  wo'dn't  let  wiffy-waffy 
chaps  like  .  .  .  iver  climb  up  i'to  a  pulpit ;  thaay 're  fit  fer  bo'd 
tentin',  an'  that's  aboot  what. 

WIG.— A  small  cake. 

Tom,  Tom,  the  baker's  son, 

Stole  a  wig,  and  away  he  run ; 

The  u'lg  was  eat,  and  Tom  was  beat, 

And  Tom  went  roaring  down  the  street. 

WIGGLE,  v. — To  wriggle  as  an  eel. 

WILL,  v.— (i)  To  bequeath  by  will. 

It  was  willed  to  me ;  it  isn't  heired  property. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  618 

(2)  Frequently  used  for  is. 

Traveller  :  "  How  far  will  it  be  fra  Ketton  to  Notherup  ?  " 
Native :  "It  'II  be  a  matter  o'  foher  mile  roond  by  th'  road,  bud  not 
oher  three  by  th'  foot  trod." 

WILLER  (wil-ur).— A  willow. 

WILLER-HOLT.— A  small  plantation  of  willows. 

Ther'  's  several  wilier-holts  on  aboot  Lea  wards,  boath  upo'  oor  side 
an'  e'  Nottinghamsheer. 

WILLER  WEED. — Polygonum  Persicaria,  Polygonum  Aviculare, 
and  allied  plants. 

WILL  O'  TH'  WISP,  WILLERBY-WISP.— Ignis  fatuus. 
WILTA  (wilt-u).— Wilt  thou  ? 

Wilta  goa  on  wi'  us  to  Waddingham  ? 

WILLY-NILLY.— Willingly  or  unwillingly. 

It's  noa  ewse  saayin'  noa  moore  aboot  it,  willy-nilly  it'll  hev  to  be  dun. 

WIMBLE.— A  boring  augur. 

WIME  ROUND,  v.— To  deceive,  commonly  by  flattery. 

His  faather  wo'd  n't  let  him  marry  th'  yung  woman  as  he  was  fond  on, 
soa,  you  see,  he  went  to  Lunnun,  an'  theare  he  fell  in  wi' a  foreign  soort 
on  a  lass,  an'  she  wimed  roond  him  like  fun,  an'  thaay  was  weddid,  bud  a 
haatefuller  creatur  you  could  n't  find  if  you  was  to  look  Lunnun  thrif 
wi'  a  p'liceman  to  help  ye. 

WIND,  v.  (the  i  short). — To  win. 

"  I  winded  five  shillin1  an*  a  quart  o'  aale  o'  him  at  quoits  last 
Setterda'  neet." — Waddingham,  Aug.,  1882. 

WIND    (weind),    v.    (the   i  long).— (i)  To   take   breath;     to 
pause ;  to  rest. 

Stop,  lad  !  while  the  ohd  hoss  winds  a  bit. 
We'll  wind  a  peace  till  th'  raain's  oher. 

(2)  To  enfold  a  corpse  in  grave  clothes. 

"  Layde  out  for  John  Johnsone  winding-sheete  ijs.  vjd.  ffor  windinge 
of  him  and  for  his  grave  [majkinge  xijd-" — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace., 
1615. 

(3)  To  fold  up  the  fleeces  of  wool  after  they  are  shorn  from 
the  sheep. 

WIND  EGG.— A  small  yolkless  egg. 

BINDER  (weind-ur).— (i)  One  who  • 
clothes. 

(2)  (Wind-ur).     A  window  (so  in  Nick.  Nickkby). 


WINDER  (weind-ur). — (i)  One  who  winds  the  dead  in  grave- 
clothes. 


w 


614  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

WINDFALL. — (i)  Fruit  or  branches  of  trees  blown  down  by 
the  wind.  It  was  formerly  the  custom  that  windfall  wood 
belonged  to  the  tenant,  not  the  landlord. 

(2)  Unexpected  good  fortune. 

WINDING  (the  *  short). — Winning;  enticing. 

For  all  we've  soa  many  bairns  I  doa  n't  knaw  what  we  should  do  if 
onything  was  to  happen  to  oor  Annie,  she  hes  sich  windin'  waays. 

WINDING-SHEET.— A   little   projection   of   wax  or  tallow 
which,  as  a  candle  burns,  gradually  lengthens  and  winds 
1    round  upon  itself. 

WINDLE,  v.— To  dwindle;  to  decrease. 

"  Th'  swedes  cum'd  up  well,  burl  thaay're  for  th'  most  part  windl'd 
awaay  thrif  th'  dry  time." — Scawby,  July,  1887. 

WINDLE-STROA.— Hard  and  dry  stalks  of  grass  of  any  of 
the  taller  kinds. 

"  Noa  moore  ewse  then  a  windk-strod  is  fer  a  stack-prop." — Grossly, 
1881. 

"Tall  spires  of  windlestrae 
Threw  their  thin  shadows  down  the  rugged  slope." 

Shelley,  Alastor. 

Cf.  Prof.  Earle  Eng.  Plant  Names,  xc.     Notes  and  Queries,  vjs.,  iij., 
88,  249,  309,  335,  438  ;  iv.,  197,  457. 

WINDLING.— Drifting.     Said  of  snow. 

WINDOW  PEEPER.— A  surveyor  of  taxes  (obsolescent),  so 
called  on  account  of  the  odious  duty  of  peeping  to  discover 
windows  on  which  the  tax  had  not  been  paid. 

"  He  was  told  that  the  window  peeper  was  in  the  parish." — Transac.  of 
Hist.  Soc.  of  Lane,  and  Chesh.,  xxxij.,  132. 

\VINDOW-SILL,  WINDOW  SOLE.— The  stone  or  timber 
on  which  the  bottom  part  of  the  frame  of  a  window  rests. 

WIND-PEG.— The  vent-peg  of  a  barrel. 

WINDRAW,  WINRAW  (win-rau).— (i)  Barley  or  hay 
gathered  into  a  row  ready  for  making  into  cocks. 

(2)  A  swathe  of  hay  or  corn  as  left  by  the  mower.  "  A  win- 
raw,  graminis  secti  ordo." — Adam  Littleton's  Lat.  Diet., 
1735  (sub  voc.) 

WIND-ROWS.— The  long  rows  of  grass  which,  after  it  is 
mowed,  is  raked  up  into  that  form,  from  which  wind-rows  the 
haymakers  gather  it  into  little  heaps,  wherein  it  lies  the 
first  day  to  dry,  that  are  called  grass-cocks. " *—Dictionariwn 
Rusticum,  1726  (sub  voc.) 


MANLEY   AND    CORRINGHAM    WORDS.  015 

WIND-SHACKS,  WIND-SHAKINS,*.//.— (i)  Small  cracks 
in  wood  caused  by  its  drying  too  rapidly. 

(2)  Fruit  blown  down  by  wind. 
WINDY,  adj. — Noisy  ;  empty  ;  vacant. 
WINDY  MILK.— Milk  that  has  become  sour. 

WINKING.— With  great  ease;  very  quickly. 

She's  a  good  scholard  ;  she  can  read  French  like  winkiri. 

WINTER,  v.— To  keep  cattle  through  the  winter. 

I  wintered  better  then  sixty  beas,  bud  prices  is  soa  low  thaay've  paaid 
badly.  See  SUMMER. 

WINTERCRACK.— A  small  green  plum,  the  fruit  of  which 
ripens  very  late. 

WINTER-PROUD.— When  the  weather  is  very  warm  in  late 
autumn  or  early  winter,  and  wheat  grows  too  luxuriantly  it 
is  called  winter -proud. 

'•The  wheat  plant  ...  is  far  removed  from  all  danger  of 
being  over-luxuriant,  or  what  is  termed  in  farmers'  dialect,  winter- 
proud.'" — Drakard's  Stamford  News,  Feb.  4,  1831,  p.  3. 

"  Old-fashioned  folk  are  saying  that  the  weather  is  winter-proud  " — 
Mortimer  Collins,  Thoughts  in  my  Garden,  j.,  250. 

WINTER-RIG,  v.— To  plough  land  up  into  ridges,  so  that  the 
soil  may  be  more  fully  subjected  to  the  winter  frost. 

WIPE  (weip).— (i)  A  sarcasm. 

(2)  The  lapwing. 

"Plover  are  here  called  wipes,  or  py wipes,  great  quantities  of  them 
resorted  in  the  breeding  season  about  Hill  Dump  [in  the  parish  of 
Messingham] ;  hence  it  got  the  name  of  Wipe  Hill  Dump." — Mackinnon 
Account  of  Messingham,  1825,  p.  18. 

WIPPET,  WIPPETS.— A  slightly  built,  dwarfish  person. 

WIRE-THORN.— The  wood  of  the  yew  when  found  buried 
under  the  peat. 

WISE  MAN. — One  who  practises  magic,  astrology,  or  pretends 
to  have  the  gift  of  prophesy. 

WISHY-WASHY,  adj.-(i)  Weak  ;  foolish. 

(2)  Tasteless. 

This  is  real  wishy-washy  tea. 

WISSUNS  (wis-unz).— Whitsuntide, 


G16  MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM    WORDS. 

WIT,  v. — To  know. 

Ther'  's  noa  wittin'  what  mischief  he'll  be  efter. 
"  He  ne  shall  neuer  wife." 

Havelok  625. 

WITH.— See  Wi'. 

WITHAL.— With  (obsolescent). 
A  knife  to  cut  my  meat  withal. 

WITH  HIS  SEN.- 

His  wife's  real  chech,  an'  soa  he  hes  to  goa  to  chapil  wi'  his  sen. 

Baaby  '11  soon  get  to  walk  wi'  her  sen. 

People  who  live  without  a  servant  are  said  to  live  wi'  the/  sens. 

WITHIN  WER  SENS.— People  say,  "  WTe  live  within  wer 
sens  "  when  they  live  in  an  enclosed  yard,  garden,  or  court, 
through  which  no  one  else  has  a  right  of  way.  See  WER, 
WERSENS. 

WITHOUT,  conj.— Unless. 

I  doan't  knaw  wheare  he  is,  without  he  be  e'  Lunnon. 

WIVEL-  HEADED,  adj.— Flighty  ;  weak  ;  giddy  ;  foolish. 

WIZZENED.— Withered ;  shrunken. 

WO'D  (wod).— Word. 

WOBBUT,  WOBBUD.— Why  but. 

WO'D  (wod),  v.— Would. 

WOERELLES  (obsolete). 

"For  iron  for  woerelles  &  drawiers,  vjd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace., 
1577- 

WOHDS,  s.  //.—The  Wolds.  The  chalk  range  of  hills  which 
runs  down  Lincolnshire  from  North  to  South. 

"  I've  seen  better  things  then  that  upo'  th'  Wohds,"  is  a  sarcastic  reply 
to  one  who  boasts  of  his  own  doings  or  possessions. 

WO'LD.— The  world. 

WOLF. — Probably  an  ulcerous  sore  or  cancer  (obsolete). 

"  To  a  poore  widow,  vppon  Trenitie  Sunday,  that  had  a  woulfe  on  her 
arme,  xviijd." — Kirton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1630.  Cf.  N.  6-  Q.,  vjs.,  v. 
154,  218,  478. 

WOLF'S  TEETH. — "  Wolve's  teeth:  These  are  two  little  teeth 
growing  in  the  upper  jawe  [of  a  horse]  next  to  the  great 
grinding  teeth." — The  Horseman's  Honour,  1620,  p.  228. 


MANLEY   AND   CORRINGHAM   WORDS.  617 

WOMAN.— Wife  (rare). 

Cum  when  I  maay  I  alus  fin'  your  woman  at  wark. 

WON.— One. 

WONG. — A  measure  of  land.     Cf.  Archzologia,  xxx.,  309. 

WONNER,  lit.  a  one-er. — Something  supremely  excellent. 

That  herse  is  aboot  th'  best  hunter  that  iver  was  foal'd  e'  th'  No'th 
Ridin'.  He  is  a  wanner  at  jumpin',  my  eye  ! 

WOOD. — (i)  Often  used  in  the  plural  for  pieces  of  wood. 

Thaay'd  putten  th'  woods  across  th'  yaate-steads  afoore  I  left. — Aug. 
28,  1887. 

(2)  "  Give  him  some  wood,"  that  is,  give  him  a  beating.     A 
horse  breaker's  term. 

WOODBIND.— Woodbine. 

WOODEN,  adj. — Dense;  awkward;  stupid.  [So  too  in 
Shropshire.— W.W.S.] 

WOODHALL  PENCE.— An  ancient  rent  paid  for  certain 
lands  in  Walkerith  and  Stockwith. — Norden's  Survey  of  the 
Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1616,  pp.  47b,  496. 

WOOL-WINDER.— A  person  who  winds  wool,  that  is,  folds 
up  the  fleeces  after  they  are  shorn.  This  office  is  now 
commonly  performed  by  the  shepherd  or  a  farm-labourer. 
Formerly  the  wool-winder  was  an  official  sworn  to  perform 
this  duty  without  deceit. 

WORK,  PIECE  OF.— Used  either  in  commendation  or 
ironically. 

Mr.  W  .  .  .  maade  a  fine  peace  o'  wark  in  his  sarmon  to  neet ;  I 
niver  heard  oht  as  bet  it. 

Lockwood  beas'  hes  maade  a  straange  peace  o'  wark  among  oor  wheat 
an'  oats. — July  25,  1887. 

WORKED  OUT.— Land  that  is  exhausted  is  said  to  be  worked 
out. 

WORKING.— (i)  Fermentation. 
(2)  Breathing  with  difficulty. 

WORKS. — The  fan  inside  a  churn ;  also  any  interior  parts, 
whether  of  a  machine  or  of  an  animal  body. 

WORLD,  FOR  ALL  THE  WORLD.— Exactly  ;  entirely. 

"  Iv'e  seen  it  mysen  'e  Notherup  chech  yard,  an'  it  -wasfer  all  the  warld 
like  a  black  dog  as  big  as  a  sheep." — Margaret  Richards,  circa  1840.  The 
it  she  spoke  of  was  a  BOGGART  (q.v.) 


CIS  MANLEY   AND    CO'RRINGHAM    WORDS. 

WORSE  HEART,  interj.— An  exclamation  of  sorrow. 
WO'S  (wos),  adj.— Worse. 
WOTH  (woth)  adj.— Worth. 

WOTS,  WHOTS,  WUTS,  s.  pi.— Oats. 

Robert  Lockwood,  a  man  who  was  at  one  time  farm  bailiff  to  the 
author's  grandfather,  although  unable  to  read,  had  acquired  sufficient 
knowledge  of  land  surveying  to  measure  off  the  work  of  the  labourers  in 
harvest-time.  In  the  account  he  was  accustomed  to  give  in,  wheat  was 
indicated  by  a  large  W,  and  oats  by  a  small  w. 

'WOUND  (ou  as  in  hound). — A  wound. 
WOW,  WEW.— The  mew  of  a  cat. 
WOW,  WEW,  i'.— To  mew  as  a  cat. 
WOZZLES.— Mangel  wurzels. 
WR  ATE  (rait),  pt.  t.— Wrote. 

WRECK. — Weeds  and  other  rubbish  that  float  down  rivers, 
streams,  and  ditches. 

"  I  observed  wrack  of  grass  and  twigs  in  the  branches  of  small  trees 
on  the  banks  of  these  streams,  about  ten  feet  above  water." — 
V.  L.  Cameron,  Across  Africa,  j.,  63. 

WRIGHT.— A  carpenter  (obsolescent). 

"  Laide  out  to  the  wrightes  at  the  church  for  wages  the  24  Apr.  xxs.  " — 
Ktrton-in-Lindsey  Ch.  Ace.,  1640. 

WRIST  POT. — A  small  tin  vessel,  used  to  contain  sheep- 
salve,  which  the  men  who  salve  sheep  wear  strapped  on 
the  left  wrist. 

WRONG. — To  get  wrong  wi'  a  person  is  to  quarrel  or  fall  into 
disgrace  with  him. 

Well,  ye  sea,  it  duz  seem  to  me,  though  I'm  a  chechman  mysen,  an' 
soa  was  all  them  as  I've  sprung  fra,  bud  it  duz  seem  to  me  that  ther'  's 
sum'ats  very  far  fra  reight  belongin'  to  it.  Noo,  it's  e'  this  how,  I  mean, 
if  a  parson  gets  drunk  regular,  or  goas  wi'  uther  women  as  well  as  his 
wife,  he  gets  wrong  wi'  his  bishop,  an'  he  maaybe  stops  him  fra  preachin' 
fer  a  year,  or  maay  happ'n  two,  bud  if  anuther  man  'at  is  a  real  doon 
good  un  e'  uther  waays,  puts  on  a  few  cloas  a  bit  different  e'  th'  chech 
fra  what  uther  foaks  duz,  or  reads  th'  prayers  a  bit  more  like  what 
Papists  is  ewsed  to,  noht  can  sarve  thease  here  bishops  an'  big  men  e' 
Lunnun,  bud  to  lock  th'  poor  chap  up  e'  prison,  saame  as  thaay  might 
hev  dun  if  he  steal'd  sum'ats  oot  'n  a  shop,  or  hairf  kill'd  his  wife  wi1 
th1  kitchen  fire-potter. — Gainsburgh,  1879. 

WROOT,  LITTLE  MEN  OF.— See  LITTLE  MEN  OF  WROOT. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  610 

WYDRAUGHT. — A  gutter;  a  sewer  (obsolete). 

"  Slabs,  vaults,  drains,  sinks,  gutters,  wy draughts,  and  all  other  things 
usually  deemed  and  reputed  to  belong  to  or  to  be  fixed  to  the  said 
premises.'' — Demise  of  Manor  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  1777. 

"  Wydraught,  a  water-course,  or  water-passage,  a  sink,  or  common 
shore." — Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726,  sub  voc. 

WYKE,  TO.— In  the  Epworth  (not  the  Haxey)  game  of  Hood, 
the  Hood  is  carried  to  a  public-house,  and  there  a  pint  of 
ale  is  poured  over  it.  This  is  called  Wykeing  the  Hood. 
See  HOOD. 

WYKINS,  s.  pi. — The  corners  of  the  mouth,  and  the  adjacent 
part  of  the  lower  jaw.  See  WIRES  in  E.  D.  S.  Gloss.,  B.  15. 

WYTWARD. — A  bequest  for  a  religious  purpose,  commonly 
for  prayers  for  the  dead  (obsolete). 

"  Resieved  for  Will  Briggs  bereall  &  and  for  his  wytward  vjs  viijd." — 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  Church  Ace.,  1513.  See  Stratman's  Dictionary,  1873, 
p.  568. 


620  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 


YAAL  (yai-h'l).— Ale. 

"  Git  me  my  yadle,  for  I  beant  a-goin'  to  break  my  rule." — Tennyson 
Northern  Farmer,  si.  j. 

YACK-YAR.— The  common  Ragwort. 

YAFFING. — A  noise  made  by  a  dog,  between  a  bark  and  a 
whine.     See  WEFFING. 

YALLA',  ^'.—Yellow. 

YALLA'  BELLY.— A  native  of  South  Lincolnshire. 

"  He's  a  realyalla'  belly,  you  maay  tell  it  by  his  tung. 

YALLA'  BOYS. — Sovereigns  and  half-sovereigns. 
YALLA'S.— YELLA'S  (q.v.) 

YAMMER,  v.— To  clamour,  to  lament. 

Dang  them  bairns  1  thaay're  allus  yammering'  aboot,  while  you  can 
hear  noht.  (Cf.  G.  jammer n.) 

YAM. — The  noise  made  in  eating. 

YAN  (yan).— (i)  One. 

(2)  An. 

(3)  Yonder. 

YANKS,  s. /./.—Leggings. 

YARDMAN. — A  labourer  who  attends  on  stock  in  a  fold-yard. 

"Wanted  a  farm-labourer  .  .  .  as  yardman." — Gainsburgh  News, 
Sept.  25,  1875. 

YARK,  v. — To  jerk  ;  to  pull  violently. 

"  He  saw  him  knocking  andyarking  the  horse  about  and  swearing  at 
it." — Stamford  Mercury,  Sept.  27,  1861. 

"  The  Goat-leap.  When  a  horse,  at  the  full  height  of  his  lea.p,yerks 
or  strikes  out  his  hind-legs,  as  near  and  even  together,  and  as  far  out 
as  ever  he  can  stretch  them." — Dictionarium  Rusticum,  1726,  sub  Capriole. 


MANLEY  AED  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  621 

YARK-ROD.— Ragwort ;  Senecio. 
YAR-NUT.— Earth-nut ;  pig-nut. 

YATE  (yait).— A  gate. 

"You  may  go  through  this  yate." — Diary  of  Abraham  de  la  Pryme 
(Surtees  Soc.),  77. 

YATE-STEAD.— A  gateway. 
YATE-STOHP.— A  gatepost. 

YAUP,  v. — To  utter  a  loud  or  high  note  with  open  m  outh 
whether  in  singing  or  shouting ;  lit.  to  yelp. 

When  Mrs.  .  .  .  sings  she  yaups  aboot  like  a  lad  tentin'  craws. — 
Brumby,  1885. 

YAW  (yau).— You. 

To  use  this  form  is  considered  very  offensive,  and  parents  punish 
their  children  for  it,  saying  that  it  is  as  bad  as  swearing.  To  "go 
yawing  aboot  "  is  a  phrase  meaning  using  bad  language. 

"  Yaw  ohd  beggar  get  on  \vi'  yaw,"  said  to  a  horse. 

R  ...  E  ...  was  once  at  chapil  when  he'd  getten  a  bad 
cohd  e'  his  head,  an'  his  eyes  was  runnin.  Bud  preacher  thoht  he'd  been 
mov'd  by  th'  powerful  discoorse  he'd  a  been  givin',  an"  was  weepin'  for 
his  sins,  soa  he  goas  up  to  him  an'  begins  a  talkin'  to  him  aboot  his  sawl 
an'  trys  to  pull  him  to  th'  repentence  stool,  bud  R  .  .  wo'd  hev 
noht  on  it,  soa  he  looks  up  an'  says,  "  Yaw  get  awaay  wi  ye  :  duz  n't 
ta  think  at  th'  Lord  can  mak  a  man  as  he  wants  him  to  be  be  oot  yaw 
meddlin'  to  help  him. — Bottesford,  July  25,  1887. 

YAWM  (yaum). — To  move  about  awkwardly. 

YAWNEY,  YAWNAX,  YAWNUPS.— A  very  stupid  person. 
A  young  man  was  about  to  stand  for  a  public  office  for  which 
his  father,  who  had  a  humble  opinion  of  the  son's  abilities, 
thought  him  unfit,  so  the  parent  said,  "You  yawnax,  what  hev  you  to 
do  wi'  a  thing  like  that  theare ;  why  if  soa  be  'at  you  do  fall  it,  you  an' 
it  '11  suit  as  well  as  a  brass  knocker  up  of  a  pig-sty  door." 

YEAR.— (i)  Years  ;  the  old  plural  form. 
Its  twenty  year  sin'  I  was  e'  Yerksheer. 

(2)  To-year  is  used  for  this  year,  the  same  as  to-day  for  this 
day. 

We've  hed  a  deal  o'  wind  to-year. 

YEARTH  (yerth).— Earth. 

YELLA'S,  YALLA'S.  —  A  complaint  from  which  lambs 
suffer. — Arthur  Young,  Line.  Agric.,  1799,  377. 

YEP,  YUP. — Interjection  used  in  driving  sheep.  I  have  heard 
precisely  the  same  sound  used  for  the  same  purpose  in  the 
sheep  market  at  Leyden. 


622  MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS. 

YERKSHEER. — Yorkshire.  When  anything  is  done  very 
sharp,  clever,  or  unscrupulous  we  say  "  that's  real  Yerksheer" 
implying  that  the  natives  of  that  county  are,  above  all 
others,  noted  for  acuteness. 

YERKSHEER  FLAGS.— Flat  paving  stones  of  which  foot- 
paths are  made.  They  are  commonly  brought  from  the 
West  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  but  those  which  come  from 
other  counties  are  still  called  Yerksheer  flags. 

YERKSHEER  MILE.— A  long  distance. 

I  shall  knaw  how  to  beleave  thee  anuther  time ;  thoo  said  it  was  n't 
far,  bud  I  fun  it  a  real  Yerksheer  mile  afoore  I  got  theare,  I  tell  the.  I 
was  that  lagg'd  I  could  n't  rest  all  neet. 

' '  Like  hi'glers  pad  or  pack-horse  drone. 
Not  caring  to  perform  much  more 
Than  one  good  Yorkshire  mile  an  hour." 

Edw.  Ward,  Don  Quixote,  1711,  p.  44. 

YIT.— Yet. 

YOCK.— (i)  A  yoke. 

(2)  The  time  spent  by  horses  at  one  yoking. 

We'd  dun  th'  mormn' yock  at  plew  afoore  th'  thunner  cum'd  on. 

(3)  A  wooden  bar,  hollowed  for  the  shoulders,  from  which 
persons  who  carry  buckets  of  water  suspend  them  by  chains 
or  cords. 

YOCK  OUT,  YOCK  TO,  v.— To  harness  horses. 
YOH.— An  ewe. 

YON.— That. 

"  What's  yon,"  that  is  "  what  is  that  yonder." 
Yon  chimney-stack  Stan's  all  askew. 

YON  AWAY,  YON  AWAYS  ON.— In  that  direction. 

He  lives  yon  awaays  on,  bud  whether  it  be  at  Haxa'  or  Westwoodside 
I  doan't  knaw.—  East  Stockwith,  1882. 

YON  SIDE.— Beyond. 

He's  getten  a  plaace  yon  side  th'  Trent,  bud  wheare  aboots  I  can't 
reightly  saay. 

A  stranger  to  this  neighbourhood,  who  takes  much  interest  in  dialect, 
has  remarked  to  the  author  that  it  struck  him  as  peculiar  when  he  first 
visited  the  northern  parts  of  Lindsey,  that  the  natives  never  described 
the  situation  of  a  place  in  any  other  way  than  as  yon  side  the  largest 
or  most  important  object  or  place  on  the  road  to  it. 

YOUNG  MAN.— A  sweetheart. 

YOURN.— Yours. 

It  is  ntyourn,  an'  niver  was,  nor  niver  will  be. 


MANLEY  AND  CORRINGHAM  WORDS.  623 

YOWL.— The  howl  of  a  dog. 

YOWL,  i'.— To  howl  as  a  dog  does. 

"  He  made  the  good  woman  of  the  house  miscarry,  and  set  all  the  dogs 
in  the  town  ayowling." — Ace.  of  the  Last  Distemper  of  Tom  Whigg,  Esq., 
part  j.,  19. 

YUCK  (yuk),  v.— To  jerk. 
YULE  (yeul).— Christmas. 

YULE-CLOG. — A  log  of  wood  put  on  the  fire  on  Christmas 
Eve. 

Father  always  saves  a  great  block  of  wood  to  put  on  the  fire  at 
Christmas,  and  isn't  it  curious,  whatever  sort  of  a  tree  it  comes  from,  he 
always  calls  it  a  yew-log. — £.5.  W. 

YUP.— See  YEP. 


ADDITIONS. 


ADJE. — To  pick  in  the  ruts  of  a  road,  and  hence  to  rougher 
any  smooth  surface. 

Middle  o'  th'  road  was  as  slaape  as  a  lookin'-glass  till  th'  bosses  adjed 
it  up  wi'  the'r  shoes.    Jan.  2,  1888. 

ASLOSH. — Askew;  awry  ;  oblique.     See  SLOSH  WAY  ON. 

Ther's  a  foot-pad  runs  across  th1  hoam-cloas,  bud  it  is  n't  straight, 
it's  aslosh  toward  a  steel  ther'  is  e'  th'  plantin'. 

I  knew  he'd  bed  a  sup  o'  drink  'cos  he'd  getten  his  hat  on  aslosh. 

BANKING  MAN.— A  banker  (q.v.) 

BATTLEDOOR.— A  flat,  wooden  implement,  shaped  like  a 
cricket-bat,  and  used  in  conjunction  with  a  roller,  for 
mangling  or  pressing  clothes.  They  are  very  rarely  used 
now. 

BIDDABLE.— Obedient. 
BLATTER-PUDDEN.— Batter-pudding. 

BLOWTY.— Bloated. 

She  look'd  real  blowty  last  time  I  seed  her.— H.  T.t  Bottesford,  July  6, 
1888. 

BOD,  interj.— 

Bod  lass !  bud  thoo  did  mak  my  heart  to'n  oher. 

BODKIN  TEAM. — Two  horses  yoked  in  a  pole  or  double- 
shafted  waggon  as  wheelers  with  one  horse  in  front. 

BOON,  v.— To  repair  a  highway. 

BOON-DAYS. — The  days  on  which  farmers  send  their  carts 
and  horses  to  cart  materials  for  the  repair  of  the  highways. 

BOON-MAISTER.— A  surveyor  of  highways. 

BOOR. — The  woody  matter  in  which  the  fibre  of  flax  and  hemp 
is  enclosed. 


626  ADDITIONS. 

BOOT.— (i)  Profit;  advantage. 

"  I  went  about  it  while  there  was  any  boote,  but  now  it  bootes  not." — 
Bernard,  Terence,  78. 

(2)  "  To  boot^  said  of  something  given  over  in  an  exchange. 

I'll  swap  bosses  if  you'll  gie  me  saddle  an'  bridle  to  boots. 

(3)  "  To  go  it  like  old  boots  "  is  to  do  something  with  all  the 

energy  possible. 

(4)  The  long  boots  reaching  above  the  knees,  used  by  farm 
labourers  in   cleaning  the  ditches  near  the  Trent,  are 
called  emphatically  boots. 

I'll  hev  that  theare  drean  clean 'd  oot  atween  them  two  foherteen 
aacre,  as  soon  as  I  can  borra'  a  pair  o'  boots.  It's  to  noa  ewse  buyin' 
ony,  so  little  as  you  want  'em. 

BOROUGH,  ENGLISH.— See  article  on  this  subject  by  the 
author,  in  The  Dublin  Review,  July,  1888,  pp.  43-54. 

BOTTLED. — Reared  by  aid  of  a  bottle ;  reared  by  hand  ;  used 
with  regard  to  lambs,  and  sometimes,  though  rarely,  to 
foals. 

BOX,  v. — To  put  into  a  box.     The  box  meant  is  usually  a 
horse-box  on  a  railway. 

"We  shall  box  the  mare  at  Gunness  on  Monday  next." — Letter, 
April  13,  1888. 

BRAIN-WRIGHT.— One  who  does  the  brain  work  for  another. 

BUBLIN.— A  bub  (q.v.) 

BUILD  UP.— To  buoy  up ;  to  inspire  with  hope. 

BURYING  STOOLS.— The  stools  or  trestles  on  which  coffins 
are  set  at  a  funeral. 

BUTTER  CUP.— Any  wild  ranunculus. 

CAKE,  v. — To  feed  cattle  with  linseed  or  cotton  cake. 
I  alus  caake  my  yohs  e'  winter  as  well  as  th'  hogs. 

CALLS  FOR  ANIMALS— 

Asses Dicky,  dicky 

Chickens   Chuck,  chuck 

Cows,  calves Cush,  cushy,  and  mull,  mully 

Ducks Dilly,  dilly 

Geese Goss,  gossy,  whitie,  whitie 

Guinea  fowls Come  back,  come  back 

Horses,  foals Cop,  cop 

Lambs Ba,  ba 

Pigs    , Check,  check,  and  Jack,  Jack 

Sheep Coy-ou,  coy-ou  ;  cum  yoh,  cum  yoh 

Turkeys Penny,  penny 


ADDITIONS.  627 

CHARM  AN. — A  man  who  does  the  work  of  a  charwoman; 
used  derisively. 

A  nist  soort  on  a  charman  you  are  wi'  yer  carpit-shakkin'  an'  kettle- 
nllin'. 

CHECKERY.— (i)  Broken  into  small,  dry  morsels;  said  of 
land. 

(2)  Gravelly. 

COBBLE,  v. — This  word  is  not  restricted  to  throwing  stones. 
The  author  has  heard  of  persons  and  things  being  cobbled 
with  "hoss-tod"  and  with  "  taaties." 

CREATE,  v.— To  accumulate ;  gather  ;  settle  ;  said  of  dust. 

I  nivei  seed  noht  like  how  it  cnaates  e'  them  frunt  rooms;  thaay're 
noa  sooner  clean'd  then  thaay're  as  bad  as  iver  fer  dust ;  I  think  it 
mun  be  them  theare  fo'nisis  'at  duz  it ;  things  wasn't  e'  that  how  when 
I  was  a  bairn,  I'm  sewer. 

DEATH  SHREWD.— A  shroud  for  the  dead. 

DISANNUL. — (i)  To  destroy;  to  do  away  with;  to  remove. 

It's  o'must  time  them  geraaniums  was  disannulled,  an'  spring-things 
setten  e'  them  sooth  beds. 

(2)  To  forbid ;  to  hinder. 

I  disannulled  him  fra  doin'  on  it. 

DOUBLE-CUNNING.— Crafty ;  over-reaching. 

DOG. — An  iron  tie  in  a  building.  Cf.  Rogers,  Hist.  Agric.,  v., 
482. 

DYKING  BOOTS.— Long  boots  coming  above  the  knees, 
used  in  cleaning  out  the  low-land  dykes. 


ENTIRE,  INTIRE— Retired  from  business;  independent. 

He  maade  a  pile  o'  munny  oot  o'  taaties,  an'  noo  he  lives  intire  a 
Cleethorpes. 

Wark  !  him  wark!  bless  ye,  he'll  noan  wark  ;  he's  an  entire  gentleman 
noo. 


FELL,  v. — (i)  Inherit ;  acquire  ;  receive. 

He  fell  a  lot  o'  munny  when  his  uncle  e'  Sheffield  deed. 

(2)  Was  compelled  by  conscience  or  circumstance. 

When  Tom  went  to  prison,  his  mother  fell  to  keep  his  bairns. 

FIT  TO  THINK,  v,— To  believe;  to  imagine. 

I'm  o'must  fit  to  think  this  here  frost's  gooin'  to  break  up  soon.— Tan. 
6,  1888. 


628  ADDITIONS. 

FLOWER  TREE. — A  plant  in  a  window,  or  a  garden  plant. 

FOLLOW  UP. — To  persevere  in  a  course  of  treatment. 

Well,  I  did  all  I  could.     Noabody  was  better  folia' d  up  wi'  doctor' 
stnff  then  him,  thoa  I  saay  it  mysen. 

FOX'S  BRUSH.— A  plant.  Large  yellow  sedum.  Sedum 
Reflexum. 

GREEN  LANE. — An  undated  charter  of  Stone  Priory  speaks 
of  five  acres  of  land  in  Tittensor  "  juxta  viridem  viam" — 
Coll.  Hist.  Staff.,  part  vi.,  p.  20. 

HAG-SNARE. — The  perpendicular  end  or  stump  of  the  thorn 
at  the  surface  of  the  ground  after  the  upper  portion  has  been 
partially  divided  and  laid  horizontally. — Winteringham,  1888. 

HATCH. — The  sharp-pointed  end  of  a  mason's  hammer. 

HAZE. — To  rain  very  slightly  when  the  air  is  misty. 

It  haazed  aboot  five  o'clock,  bud  noa  watter  cum'd  to  mean  noht.     A 
man  e'  his  she't  sleeves  wo'd  n't  hev  gotten  weet. 

HELP. — Muscular  power. 

She's  noa  more  help  in  her  sen  then  a  wooden  body,  poor  thing. — 
Jan.  7,  1888. 

JILLING  BO'OR.— Julian  Bower  (q.v.) 

KILL. — Often  used  eliptically. 

"I've  killed  all  that  farm  real  well  now,"  was  said  by  a  mole-catcher, 
June  23,  1888.  He  meant  that  he  had  killed  all  the  moles  on  the  farm. 

LAMMUCK,   v. — To   throw   things    about    in  a    violent    or 
wasteful  manner. 

LEAD  THE  CHAIN.— The  boy  or  man  who  drags  the  chain 
when  land  is  measured  is  said  to  lead  the  chain. 

LEAP. — An  engraving  of  a  Swedish  eel-leap  called  Vide-Njdrde 
is  given  in  L.  Lloyd's  Scandinavian  Adventures,  1854,  i.,  175. 

LEGS    ON,  TO    HAVE.— A   thing   that   is   accounted   very 
excel]ent  is  said  to  have  its  legs  on. 

An'  soa,  as  I  was  tellin'  ye,  I  went  wi'  him  to  Thornholme,  an'  then 
on  to  Appleby,  an'  he  took  me  into  th'  hoose  an'  tell'd  'em  to  gie  me 
as  much  bread  an'  cheese  an'  beer  as  I  wanted,  an'  I  will  saay  I  drunk 
a  good  sup,  an'  whilst  I  was  agaate  the  keeper  cums  to  saay  th'  cart's 
ready  to  tak'  me  by  agean,  an'  I  saays,  "  well  this  here  aale's  gotten  it 
legs  on,  an'  noa  mistaake." 


ADDITIONS.  629 

LIMPIN.— A  linchpin. 
LIQUORAGE.— Liquorice. 

LONG-DOG.— A  greyhound. 

"  Theare  he's  a-cummin',  runnin'  like  a  long-dog,  just  agean  George 
Drury  hoose." — G.  Johnson,  Dec.  31,  1888. 

MAMADY. — A  sweet  meat  made  of  boiled  sugar. 
MAMADY-SPINNER.— A  maker  of  mamady. 

MAYS,  v.— Makes. 

He  mays  sich  'n  a  noise  I  can't  hear  mysen  speak. 

MENDING. — Becoming  convalescent. 

He's  not  well  yit,  bud  he's  mending;  his  cohd's  gotten  lohse  on  his 
chest. 

MIDDA'  QUAKE.— The  land-rail. 

MOON-TIME.— The  time  when  the  illuminated  side  of  the 
moon  is  turned  towards  the  earth. 

She  went  off'n  her  head  becos    you  see,  it  was  moon-time. — H.  T., 
Nov.  10,  1888. 

NAY  MARRY. — An  exclamation.  On  one  occasion,  at  the 
Quarter  Sessions  held  at  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  when  the  jury 
retired  to  consider  their  verdict,  an  old  man  was  observed 
to  remain  behind  in  the  jury-box.  When  the  chairman 
ordered  him  to  join  his  brother  jurymen  the  old  man 
replied  "  Naay  marry,  not  I,  Sir  Robbud,  I  doant  care  which 
awaays  it  goas." 

ORT. — A  cipher  in  arithmetic. 

A  man  doing  an  addition  sum  said,  "  Ort  an'  ort's  ort,  an'  that's  noht." 

PEN  LESS.— Featherless;  said  of  birds. 

PESTERED.— Overloaded  ;  a  sailor's  term. 

He'd  gotten  deals  stowed  all  oher  decks  an'  hetches  while  th1  keel  was 
fair  pestered  wi'  'em. 

PIGEON'S  MILK.— The  partly  digested  food  given  by  pigeons 
to  their  young. 

PURPLE, — To  adorn  ;  to  dress  extravagantly. 

She  was  purflcd  up  fra  head  to  foot. 
x 


630  ADDITIONS. 

RUNNER. — A  turnip  or  mangel-wurzel  which,  in  autumn, 
instead  of  forming  a  fleshy  root  shoots  up  a  flowering  stalk. 

SPARROW  GRASS. — In  a  paper  in  Black-wood's  Magazine, 
Nov.,  1825,  entitled  "  Two  days  with  Dr.  Parr,"  the 
following  passage  occurs : 

"  He  offered  to  help  one  of  the  party  to  some  grass,  but  would  not 
put  it  upon  his  plate  till  he  called  it  by  its  name,  grass.  PARR:  "Right, 
sir,  that's  the  English  word  for  it,  if  you  had  called  it  asparagus,  you 
should  not  have  any." — Vol.  xviij.,  p,  597. 

WER,  WOR.— Was. 

WET  MY  NECK.— Since  the  earlier  part  of  the  GLOSSARY 
was  printed,  I  have  been  informed  that  the  bird  indicated 
by  this  name  is  the  peggy-white-throat. 


PASSAGES 

ILLUSTRATIVE    OF    THE    NORTH-WEST 
LINCOLNSHIRE  DIALECT. 


I. 

THE    TWENTY-SEVENTH    CHAPTER   OF   GENESIS. 

An1  it  caarae  to  pass  'at  when  Isaac  was  ohd,  an'  his  ees  (eyes)  wer1  dim, 
soa  as  he  could  n't  sea  (see),  he  called  Easau  his  eldist  sun,  an'  said  unto  him, 
4  My  sun  : '  An'  he  said  unto  him,  '  Behohd  (behold)  here  am  I.1 

An'  he  said,  '  Behohd  noo,  I  am  ohd,  I  knaw  not  th'  daay  o1  my  death. 

Noo,  thearefoore  tak  (tek,  taake),  I  praay  the,  thy  weapons,  thy  quiver 
an'  thy  bow,  an'  goa  oot  to  th'  feald  (field),  an'  taake  me  sum  ven'son. 

An'  mek  (mak,  maake)  me  saavoury  meat,  sich  as  I  luv,  an'  bring  it  to 
me,  'at  I  maay  eat ;  'at  my  saul  maay  bless  the  afoore  I  dee.' 

An'  Rebekah  heard  when  Isaac  spok  (spoak)  to  Easau  his  sun :  an'  Easau 
went  to  th'  feald  (field)  to  hunt  fer  ven'son'  an1  to  bring  it. 

An'  Rebekah  spok  unto  Jaacob  her  sun,  saayin',  '  Behohd,  I  heard  thy 
faather  (feyther)  speak  unto  Easau  thy  bruther,  saayin', 

Bring  me  ven'son,  an'  mek  me  saavoury  meat,  'at  I  maay  eat,  an1  bless  the 
afoore  th'  Loord  (Lord)  afoore  my  death.' 

Noo,  thearefoore,  my  sun,  obaay  my  voice,  accoordin'  to  that  'at  I  command 
the.  Goa  noo  to  th'  flock,  an'  fetch  me  from  thence  two  good  kids  o'  th' 
goats ;  an'  I  will  mek  them  saavoury  meat  fer  thy  faather,  sich  as  he  luveth. 

An'  thoo  shall  bring  it  to  thy  faather,  'at  he  maay  eat,  an'  'at  he  maay 
bless  the  afoore  his  death.' 

An'  Jaacob  said  to  Rebekah  his  muther,  •  Behohd,  Easau  my  bruther  is  a 
hairy  man,  an'  I  am  a  smooth  man. 

My  faather  peradventur*  will  feal  (feel)  me,  an'  I  shall  (sal,  s'l)  seam  to 
him  as  a  deceaver;  an'  I  shall  bring  a  co's  up'n  me,  an1  not  a  blessin'. 

An'  his  muther  said  unto  him,  '  Upo'  mea  (me)  be  thy  co's,  my  sun  :  only 
obaay  my  voice,  au'  goa  fetch  me  'em.' 

An'  he  went,  an'  fetch'd,  an'  broht  'em  to  his  muther :  an'  his  muther 
maade  saavoury  meat,  sich  as  his  faather  luv'd. 

An'  Rebekah  took  goodly  (goodlike)  raaiment  o'  her  eldist  sun  Easau,  'at 
wer'  (was)  wi'  her  i'  th'  hoose,  an'  pot  (put)  'em  up'n  Jaacob  her  yunger  sun. 


C82  ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   PRONUNCIATION. 

An1  she  pot  th'  skins  o'  th'  kids  upov  (up'n)  his  han's,  an1  upov  th'  smoothe 
o1  his  neck. 

An'  she  gev  (gaave)  th'  saavoury  meat,  an1  th'  bread  'at  she  'd  prepared, 
i'to  th'  hrmd  o'  her  sun  Jaacob. 

An1  he  caame  unto  his  faather,  an'  said,  '  My  faather  : '  an'  he  said,  'Here 
am  I ;  who  art  ta,  my  sun  ? '' 

An"  Jaacob  said  unto  his  faather,  '  I  am  Easau  thy  fo'st-born ;  I  hev  ('ve) 
dun  accoordin'  as  thoo  baade  me:  arise,  I  praay  the,  sit  (set  up)  an1  eat  o' 
my  ven'son,  'at  thy  saul  maay  bless  me.' 

An'  Isaac  said  to  his  sun,  '  How  (hoo)  is  it  'at  thoo  's  fun  (fon)  it  soa  quick, 
my  sun  ?'  an'  he  said,  '  Becos  (acos)  th'  Loord  thy  Godbroht  it  to  me." 

An"  Isaac  said  unto  Jaacob,  '  Cum  near,  I  praay  the,  'at  I  maay  feal  (feel) 
the,  my  sun,  whether  thoo  be  (is)  my  very  sun,  or  no  (not).' 

An'  Jaacob  went  near  unto  Isaac  his  faather ;  an'  he  felt  (feeled)  him,  an' 
said,  '  Th'  voice  is  Jaacob's  voice,  bud  th"'  han's  are  (is)  th1  han's  of  Easau.' 

An'  he  discerned  (dissarned)  him  not,  becos  his  han's  was  (wer')  hairy,  as 
his  bruther  Easau's  han's.  Soa  he  blessed  him. 

An'  he  said,  '  Art  ta  (thoo)  my  very  sun  Easau  ? '  an'  he  said,  '  I  am.1 

An'  he  said, '  Bring  it  near  to  me,  an'  I  will  eat  of  my  sun's  ven'son,  'at 
my  saul  maay  bless  the..  An'  he  broht  it  near  to  him,  an'  he  did  eat :  an'  he 
broht  him  wine,  an'  he  drank  (drunk). 

An'  his  faather  Issac  said  unto  him,  '  Cum  near  noo,  an*  kiss  me,  my  sun.1 

An'  he  caame  (cum'd)  near,  an' kissed  him  :  an'  he  smell'd  th' smell  o'  his 
raaiment,  an' bless'd  him,  an'  said,  '  Sea  (see),  th1  smell  o'  my  sun  is  as  th' 
smell  o'  a  feald  (field)  'at  th'  Loord  hes  bless'd.' 

Thearefoore  God  gie  the  o'  th'  dew  o'  heaven,  an'  o'  th'  fatness  o'  th'  e'th 
(earth),  an1  plenty  o'  corn  an'  wine. 

Let  people  sarve  the.  an'  naations  boo  doon  to  the;  be  loord  oher  thy 
brethren  (bruthers),  an'  let  thy  muther's  suns  boo  doon  to  the  :  co'sed  be  iv'ry 
won  (rhymes  with  on)  'at  co'ses  the  (thee),  an'  blessid  be  he  (him)  'at  (as) 
blessith  (blesses)  the. 

An'  it  caame  to  pass,  as  soon  as  Isaac  hed  maade  a  end  o'  blessin'  Jaacob, 
an'  Jaacob  was  yit  scarclins  gone  oot  fra  the  presence  o'  Isaac  his  faather,  'at 
Easau  his  bruther  caame  in  fra  huntin'. 

An'  he  alsoa  hed  saavoury  meat,  an'  broht  it  unto  his  faather;  an' said 
unto  his  faather,  '  Let  my  faather  arise,  an'  eat  o'  his  sun's  ven'son,  'at  thy 
saul  maay  bless  me.' 

An'  Isaac,  his  faather,  said  unto  him,  Who  art  tai}  (th',  thoo),  an'  he  said, 
'  I  am  thy  sun,  thy  fo'st-born,  Easau.' 

An'  Isaac  trem'l'd  very  exceadin'ly  an'  said,  '  Who,  wheare  is  he  'at  hath 
taaken  ven'son,  an'  broht  it  me,  an'  I  hev  eaten  o'  all  afoore  thoo  caame 
(cum'd),  an'  hev  bless'd  him  ?  Yea  an'  he  shall  be  blessid. 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   PRONUNCIATION.  688 

An'  when  Easau  heard  th'  wo'ds  o*  his  faather  he  cried,  wi'  a  great  (gret) 
an'  exceadin'  bitter  cry,  an'  said  unto  his  faather,  '  Bless  me,  eaven  me  also, 
O  my  faather.'  An'  he  said,  '  Thy  bruther  caame  wi'  subtilty,  an'  's  tekken 
(taaken)  awaay  thy  blessin'.'  An'  he  said,  '  Is  n't  hereightly  naamed  Jaacob  ? 
for  he  hath  (hes,  's)  supplanted  mo  thease  t\vo  times  :  he  took  awaay  my 
bo'th-right  (be'th-right) ;  an1  behohd,  noo  he  's  taaken  (taa'en)  awaay  my 
blessin'.  An'  he  said,  Hes  ta  not  resarv'd  a  blessin'  fer  mea  (me). 

An1  Isaac  answered  an'  said  unto  Easau,  '  Behohd,  I  hev  maade  him  thy 
loord,  an'  all  his  brethren  hev  I  gi'en  to  him  fer  sarvants  ;  an*  wi'  corn  an' 
wine  hev  I  sustaainid  him  :  an*  what  shall  I  do  noo  unto  thee,  my  sun  ? ' 

An"  Easau  said  unto  his  faather,  '  Hesta  nobbud  won  blessin',  my  faather?' 
bless  mea,  eaven  mea  alsoa,  O  my  faather.'  An'  Easau  liftid  up  his  voice 
an'  wept. 

An'  Isaac  his  faather  answered,  an'  said  unto  him,  '  Behohd,  thy  dwellin" 
shall  bea  (be)  the  fatness  o'  th'  e'th,  an'  o'  th1  dew  o'  heaven  fra  abuv. 

An'  by  thy  soord  shalt  th'  live,  an"  shall  sarve  thy  bruther ;  an'  it  shall 
cum  to  pass,  when  thoo  shalt  hev  th'  dominion,  'at  thoo  shall  braake  (break) 
his  yoake  fra  off  n  thy  neck. 

An'  Easau  haatid  Jaacob,  becos  o'  th'  blessin'  wheare'with  his  faather  hed 
bless'd  him :  an'  Easau  said  e'  his  heart,  '  The  daays  of  moarnin'  (mernin1) 
fer  my  faather  are  (is)  at  hand,  then  will  I  slaay  my  bruther  Jaacob.1 

An'  th'  wo'ds  o'  Easau,  her  elder  sun,  wer'  (was)  tohd  to  Rebekah  ;  an'  she 
sent  an*  called  Jaacob  her  yunger  sun,  an'  said  unto  him,  '  Behohd,  thy 
bruther  Easau,  as  tuchin*  the,  duth  (duz)  cumfert  hissen,  purposin1  to  kill 
the. 

Noo,  thearefoore,  my  sun,  obaay  my  voice,  an'  arise,  flea  (flee)  to  Laaban 
my  bruther,  to  Haran. 

An1  tarry  wi'  him  a  few  daays,  until  (whiles)  thy  bruther's  anger  to'ns 
awaay  fra  the,  an'  he  forgets  that  'at  thoo  hes  ('s)  dun  to  him ;  then  will  I 
send  an'  fetch  the  fra  thence.  Why  should  I  be  deprived  alsoa  o'  ye  boath  e' 
won  daay  ? ' 

An'  Rebekah  said  to  Isaac,  '  I  am  weary  o'.my  life,  becos  o'  th'  dohters  o' 
Heth,  if  Jaceb  taks  (teks,  taakes)  a  wife  o'  th'  dohters  o'  Heth,  sich  as  thease 
'ats  th'  dohters  o'  th'  land,  what  good  shall  my  life  do  to  me. 


II. 

THE    FIFTH    CHAPTER    OF    THE    SECOND    BOOK    OF    KINGS. 
Noo  Naaman,  capt'in  o'  th'  hoast  o'  th'  king  o'  Syria,  was  a  great  (gret) 
man  wi'  his  mester  (maister,  maaster),  an  honourable,  becos  (acos)  by  (thrif) 
him  th'  Loord  hed  gi'en  deliverance  unto  Syria :  he  was  alsoa  a  mighty  man 
e  valour,  bud  he  was  a  leper. 


084  ILLUSTRATIONS    OF    PRONUNCIATION. 

And  th'  Syrians  bed  goane  (gone)  oot  by  cump'nies,  an'  hed  broht  awaay 
captive  oot  o'  th'  land  o'  Isra'l  a  little  maid,  an'  she  waaited  o'  Naaman  wife. 

An'  she  said  unto  her  mistress,  '  Would  God  my  loord  (lord)  wer'  (was) 
wi'  th'  prophit  'at 's  e'  Samaria,  for  he  wo'd  recuver  him  o'  his  leprosie.' 

An'  won  (rhymes  with  on)  went  in,  an'  tohd  his  loord,  saayin',  '  Thus  an' 
thus  said  th'  maaid  'at  's  o'  th'  land  o'  Isra'l.' 

An*  th'  King  o'  Syria  said,  '  Goa  to,  goa,  an'  I  will  send  a  letter  unto  th' 
king  o'  Isra'l.' 

An'  he  departid,  an"  took  wi'  him  ten  talents  o'  silver,  an'  six  thoosand 
peaces  o'  gohd,  an'  ten  chaanges  o'  raaiment  (equal  stress  on  the  two  syllables), 
an'  he  broht  th'  letter  to  th'  king  o'  Isra'l  saayin',  Noo  when  this  letter  is  (hes) 
cum  (cum'd)  unto  the,  behohd,  I  have  (hev)  I  herewith  sent  Naaman  my 
sarvant  to  the,  'at  thoo  maayst  (maay)  recuver  him  o'  his  leprosie. 

An'  it  caame  (cum'd)  to  pass  when  th'  king  o'  Isra'l  hed  read  th'  letter,  'at 
he  rent  his  cloas,  an'  said,  '  Am  I  God,  to  kill  an'  to  mak  (maake)  alive,  'at 
this  man  duth  (duz)  send  unto  me  to  recuver  a  man  o'  his  leprosie  ?  Wheare- 
foore  consider,  I  praay  you,  an'  sea  (see)  how  he  seekith  a  quarril  (ar  as  in 
barrel)  agen  (agean,  ageanst,  agaainst)  me.' 

An'  it  was  soa,  when  Elisha  th'  man  o'  God  heard  'at  th'  king  o'  Isra'l  hed 
rent  his  cloas,  'at  he  sent  to  th'  king,  saayin',  '  Whearefoore  hast  ta  (thoo)  rent 
thy  cloas?  Let  him  cum  noo  to  me,  an'  he  s'l  (shall,  sal)  knaw  'at  theare  is  a 
prophit  e'  Isra'l.1 

Soa  Naaman  caame  (cum'd)  wi'  his  hosses  (herses),  an'  wi'  his  chariot,  an" 
stood  'at  th'  door  o'  th'  hoose  o'  Elisha. 

An'  Elisha  sent  a  messinger  unto  him,  saayin',  '  Goa  an'  wesh  (wash,  a  as 
in  ash)  e'  Joordan  seven  times,  an'  thy  flesh  shall  ('11)  cum  agean  (agen, 
agaain)  unto  the,  an'  thoo  shalt  (shall,  '11)  be  clean.' 

Bud  Naaman  was  wroath,  an'  went  awaay,  an'  said,  '  Behohd,  I  thoht,  he 
will  sewerly  cum  oot  to  me,  an'  stanV  an'  call  o'.th'  naame  o'  th'  Loord  his 
God,  an'  strike  his  hand  oher  th'  plaace,  an'  recuver  th'  leper. 

Are  not  Abana  an'  Pharpar,  rivers  o'  Damascus,  better  then  all  th' 
wahters  (the  ah  as  in  ah  !)  o'  Isra'l  ?  Maay  I  not  wesh  e'  them  an'  be  clean  ? ' 
Soa  he  to'n'd  an'  went  awaay  e'  a  raage. 

An*  his  sarvants  caame  near,  an'  spok'  unto  him,  an'  said,  '  My  faather,  if 
th'  prophit  hed  bid  the  do  sum  great  thing,  wo'd  th'  not  ha'  dun  it  ? '  How 
much  rayther  then,  when  he  said  to  the,  '  Wesh  an'  be  clean  ? ' 

Then  went  he  doon,  an'  dipped  hissen  seven  times  e'  Joordan,  accoordin1 
to  th1  saayin'  o'  th'  man  o'  God :  an'  his  flesh  cum'd  agean  like  unto  th'  flesh 
o'  a  little  child,  an'  he  was  clean. 

An'  he  returned  to  th'  man  o'  God,  him  an'  all  his  cump'ny,  an'  caame 
an'  stood  befoore  (afoore)  him  :  an'  he  said,  '  Behohd,  noo  I  knaw  'at  ther'  is 


ILLUSTRATIONS    OF    PRONUNCIATION.  685 

noa  God  in  all  th'  e'th  (earth),  bud  e'  Isra'l ;  noo  thearefoore,  I  praay  the,  tak 
(tek,  taake)  a  blessin'  o'  thy  sarvant.' 

Bud  he  said,  '  As  th'  Loord  liveth,  afoore  whoam  I  stan',  I  will  receave 
noane."  An'  he  ej'd  (urged)  him  to  tak  (tek)  it,  but  he  refewsd. 

An'  Naaman  said,  '  Shall  ther'  not  then,  I  praay  the,  be  gi'en  to  thy 
sarvant  two  mules  bo'd  'n  o'  e'th  ?  For  thy  sarvant  will  hencefoorth  offer 
naayther  bo'nt-offerin',  nor  sacrifice  unto  uther  Gods,  bud  unto  th'  Loord. 

E'  this  thing  th'  Loord  pardon  thy  sarvant,  'at  when  my  mester  goas  e'  to 
th'  hoose  o'  Rimmon  to  warship  theare,  an'  he  leanith  (leans)  o'  my  hand,  an' 
I  boo  (bow)  mysen  e'  th'  hoose  o'  Rimmon,  when  I  boo  doon  mysen  e'  th' 
hoose  o'  Rimmon,  th'  Loord  pardon  thy  sarvant  e'  this  thing.' 

An'  he  said  to  him,  '  Goa  e'  peace.'    Soa  he  departid  fra  him  a  little  waay. 

Bud  Gehaazi,  th'  sarv'nt  o'  Elisha  th'  man  o'  God,  said,  '  Behohd,  my 
mester  hes  spared  Naaman  this  Syrian,  e'  not  receavin'  at  his  hands  that  'at 
he  broht :  but  as  th'  Loord  livith,  I  will  run  efter  him,  an'  tak  sum'ats  on 
him.' 

Soa  Gehaazi  folla'd  efter  Naaman,  an'  when  Naaman  seed  him  runnin' 
efter  him,  he  leeted  doon  fra  th'  chariot  to  meat  (meet)  him,  an'  said,  '  Is  all 
well  ? ' 

An'  he  said,  '  All's  well :  my  mester  hes  sent  me,  saayin',  '  Behohd,  eaven 
noo  ther'  be('s)cum  to  me  fra  Moont  Ephraaim  two  yung  men  o'  th'  suns  o' 
th'  prophits  :  gie  'em,  I  praay  the  a  talent  o'  silver,  an'  two  chaanges  o' 
garments'  (equal  stress  on  the  two  syllables). 

An'  Naaman  said,  '  Be;  content,  tak  two  talents.'  An'  he  e'j'd  him,  an' 
boond  two  talents  o'  silver  e'  two  bags,  wi'  two  chaanges  o'  garments,  an' 
laaid  them  upo'  two  o'  his  sarv'nts,  an1  thaay  boore  'em  afoore  him. 

An'  when  he  cum'd  to  th'  tooer,  he  took  'em  fra  the'r  hand,  an'  bestowed 
'em  e'  th'  hoose ;  an'  he  let  th'  men  goa,  an'  thaay  departid. 

Bud  he  went  in,  an'  stood  (stdod)  afoore  his  mester.  An*  Elisha  said  unto 
him,  'Whence  cumst  thoo,  Gehaazi?'  (duz  ta  cum  would  be  the  natural 
arrangement  of  the  sentence).  An'  he  said,  'Thy  sarvant  went  noawheares.' 

An*  he  said  unto  him,  «  Went  not  my  heart  wi'  th',  when  th'  man  to'n'd 
agaain  fra  his  chariot  to  meet  th'.  Is  it  a  time  to  receave  munny,  an'  to 
receave  garments,  an'  olive-yards,  an'  vineyards,  an'  sheep,  an'  oxen,  an' 
maaid-sarv'nts  ? 

The  leprosie  thearefoore  o'  Naaman  shall  cleave  unto  thee,  an'  unto  thy 
sead  (seed),  fer  iver.1  An'  he  went  oot  fra  his  presence  a  leper  as  white  as 
snaw. 


636 


SHEEP-SHEARING  NUMERALS. 


NUMERALS 

USED    IN    LINCOLNSHIRE    FOR 
SHEEP-SHEARING. 


They  were  employed  in  this  part  of  the  county  at  the  beginning 
of  the  present  century.  This  particular  list  was  got  from  an  old 
shepherd  at  Winteringham,  who  ran  through  the  numbers  very 
rapidly,  making  a  slight  pause  at  ev.3ry  fifth  word.  There  is 
evidence  that  they  were  known  at  Appleby  and  several  other 
places. 


Yan  i 
Tan  2 
Tethera  3 
Pethera  4 
Pimp  5 
Sethera  6 
Lethera  7 
Hovera  8 
Covera  9 
Dik  10 


Yan  a  dik  1 1 
Tan  a  dik  12 
Tethera  dik  13 
Pethera  dik  14 
Bumfit  15 
Yan-a-bumfit  16 
Tan-a-bumfit  17 
Tet-hera-bumfit  18 
Pe   lera  bumfit  19 
Figgit  (or  Jixit)  20 


PE        Peacock,  Edward 
1957         A  glossary  of  words  used 
P43       in  the  Wapentakes  of 
1889      Manley  and  Corringham 

2d  ed. ,  rev.  and 

considerably  enl. 


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