The Great Basin Naturalist
VOLUME XXI, 1961
Editor: Vasco M. Tanner
Assistant Editor: Stephen L. Wood
Assistant Editor: Wilmer W. Tanner
Published at Provo, Utah, by
Brigham Young University
f.AR-21962
TABLE OF COIHTErilTS
Volume XXI
NUMBERS 1-2 — MAY 27, 1961
New Records and Species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) from
Colombia. By Stephen L. Wood 1
A New Dactylipalpus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from the
Philippine Islands. By Stephen L. Wood 8
Undescribed Species of Western Nearctic Tipulidae
(Diptera). IV. By Charles P. Alexander 10
A New Species of Cinara from Colorado (Aphididae).
By F. C. llottes 17
A New Species of Cinara from Delaware (Aphididae).
Illustrated. By F. C. Hottes 20
Description of a New Species of Salamander from Panama.
Illustrated. By Wilmer W. Tanner and Arden H.
Brame, Jr. 23
A New Beetle Mite from Utah (Oribatei: Gymnoda-
maeidae). Illustrated. By Harold G. Higgins 27
Studies in Nearctic Desert Sand Dunes Orthoptera; pt. Ill,
A New Species of Cibolacris from Northern Chihuahua,
Mexico. Illustrated. By Ernest R. Tinkham 29
NUMBER 3 — OCTOBER 2, 1961
A Review and Key of North American Cinara ( 1 lomoptera:
Aphididae) Occurring on Picea. Illustrated By F. C.
Hottes 35
Orthoptera Studies in Nearctic Desert Sand Dunes. Illus-
trated. By Ernest R. Tinkham 51
A Check-list of the Species of Eleodes and Descriptions of
New Species (Coleoptera-Tenebrionidae). Illustrated.
By Vasco M. Tanner 55
NUMBER 4 — DECEMBER 28, 1961
Undescribed Species of Nearctic Tipulidae (Diptera). I.
By Charles P. Alexander 79
New Species of Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae),
Mostly Mexican. Part VI. By Stephen L. Wood 87
New Tingidae from South India (Hemiptera). Illustrated.
By Carl J. Drake and M. Mohanasundarum 108
Index to Volume XXI 114
II
The
Great Ba
JUL 2 11961
Volume XXI May 27, 1961 Nos. 1 and 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
New Records and Species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) from
Colombia. By Stephen L. Wood 1
A New Dactylipalpus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from the
Philippine Islands. By Stephen L. Wood 8
Undescribed Species of Western Nearctic Tipulidae (Diptera).
IV. By Charles P. Alexander 10
A New Species of Cinara from Colorado (Aphididae). Illus-
trated. By F. C. Hottes 17
A New Species of Cinara from Delaware (Aphididae). By
F. C. Hottes 20
Description of a New Species of Salamander from Panama.
Illustrated. By Wilmer W. Tanner and Arden H.
Brame, Jr 23
A New Beetle Mite from Utah (Oribatei: Gymnodamaeidae) .
Illustrated. By Harold G. Higgins 27
Studies in Nearctic Desert Sand Dunes Orthoptera; pt. Ill,
A New Species of Cibolacris from Northern Chihuahua,
Mexico. Illustrated. By Ernest R. Tinkham 29
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The Great Basin Naturalist mmm
Published at Provo, Utah by
Brigham Young University
Volume XXI May 27, 1961 Nos. 1 and 2
NEW RECORDS AND SPECIES OF SCOLYTIDAE
(COLEOPTERA) FROM COLOMBIA
Stephen L. Wood'
A large collection of Colombian bark beetles recently submitted
for examination by Drs. R. F. Ruppel and I. Sanabria, Rockefeller
Foundation, Bogota, contained a number of records of special in-
terest from Colombia, in addition to three previously undescribed
species. The species new to science represent Hylocurus, Thamnopho-
thorus, and the previously undescribed genus Hoplitoplithorus. The
genus Hoplites Eggers, a junior homonym, is renamed, and addi-
tional notes on Pldoeocleptus Wood are included.
Records
Cnesinus robai Blackman. — El Bosque and La Selva, Crucero,
Caicedonia, Valle (del Cauca), June 29, 1959, by J. Restrepo; Rio
Suarez, Pte. Nacional, Santa S., June 29, 1959, by G. Niho;Chin-
china, Caldona, June 14, 1959, by M. Benavides; Las Esperanza,
Tabor Briceno, Boyaca, May 20, 1959, by F. Giraldo; all from cafe.
Corthylus compressicornis Ferrari. — La Rivera, Caicedonia,
Valle, June 18, 1959, by J. Restrepo, from guamo.
Corthylus rubricollis Blandford. — Manzanillo, Sevilla, Valle,
June 20, 1959, by J. H. Lasso, from guamo.
Cryptocarenus adustus Eggers. — El Bosque, Palogrande and Mon-
tegrande, Caicedonia, Valle, June 19, 1959, by J. Restrepo; Chin-
china. Caldona, June 14, 1959, by M. Benavides; all from cafe.
Micracisella nigra Wood. — El Bosque, Caicedonia, Valle, July 10,
1959. by J. Restrepo, from guamo.
Stephanodercs puncticollis Hopkins. — La Rivera and Palogrande
Caicedonia, Valle, June 18, 1959, by J. Restrepo, from cafe.
Xyleborus allinis Eichhoff. — San Jose, Timbio Cauca; Monte-
grande. El Bosque, Caicedonia, Manzanillo, and Sevilla, Valle, num-
erous collections on many dates.
Xyleborus brasiliensis Eggers. — Chinchina, Caldas, May 20, 1959,
by J. Prieto; Finca Varsovia, Tucopi, Cundinamarea, Apr. 27, 1959,
by A. Diaz; El Bosque, Caicedonia, Valle, June 1959, by J. Restrepo;
all from cafe.
1. Contribution no. 175, Zoology and Entomology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo,
Utah. Scolytoidea contribution no. 20.
The Great Basin Naturalist
2 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
Xyleboriis corniculatus Schedl. — Palmira. Valle, Mar. 3, 1956,
by C. Camerona. from cacao; La Laguna Coromoro, and San Vin-
cents, Santa S., June 26, 1959, by A. Benavides, from guamo, and J.
Betancourt, from cacao; Sta. Cecelia, Caldona, Sept. 1955, by L. Gar-
cia, from cacao; Salento, Caldona, June 1. 1959, by J. A. Garzon,
from guamo.
Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabricius). — Pto. Tejada, Palmira, and
El Bosque. Caicedonia, Valle; Los Mango, Palermo, Huila; Floren-
cia, Rio Xegro, Saut. S.; numerous collections on many dates.
Xyleborus {Ambrosiodmus) guatemalensis Hopkins. — El Bosque,
Caicedona, Valle, June 20, 1959. by J. Restrepo, from cafe.
Xyleborus horridus Eichhoff. — La Plata, Iluila, Apr. 28, 1959,
by B. Humides, from naranjo.
Xyleborus ruorigerus Blandford. — Las Lomitas, La Cumbre, El
Pinal Daqua. La Virginia, Palo Alto, Centella, La Rivera Santa Fe,
La Palma. Bitaco, La Tebaida. La Maria, La Luisa, Puente Palo, and
El Pino, all in Valle, March to June 1959, from cafe.
Xyleborus posticus Eichhoff. — Palmero and La Plata, Huila,
Apr. 30, 1959, by B. Hervera, from cacao; San Jose, Timbio Cauca,
May 28, 1959, by N. A. Narvaez, from cafe; Los Santos. Santa S.,
June 26. 1959, by G. Nino, from caretos; San Vincente. Santa S.,
June 26, 1959, by J. Betancourt, from cacao; Manzanilla, Sevilla,
Valle, June 20, 1959. by J. H. Lasso, from guamo.
Xyleborus princeps Blandford. — Chami, Caldas, by B. Losada;
Santa Cecilia, Caldas. Sept. 1955, by E. Garcia, from cacao.
Xyleborus volvulus (Fabricius). — Monte Bello, Santa S.; Ver-
salles, Timana. and Palmero, Huila; numerous collections on many
dates.
HopUtoutus, n. n.
The name Hoplites was used by Eggers (1923, Zool. Meded.
7:141) to designate a monotypic genus from the Philippine Islands
(type species //. banosus Eggers). The name had been used pre-
viously by Dejean (1833, Catal. Coleopt.. ed. 2:150), and has been
used several times since then to designate various other animal
genera. Since Eggers' name is a junior homonym the new generic
name Hoplitontus is proposed to replace it.
Hoplitoplithorus, n. g.
This genus is very closely allied to Hoplitontus Wood but may
be distinguished by the seven-segmented antennal funicle. by the
acutely raised lateral margins of the pronotum, and by the slightly
larger scutellum. Other characters may have generic value, but at
present appear to have specific value only; for example, in the type
species described below, the posterior portion of the costiform ninth
interspace curves ventrad to join the raised costal margin approxi-
mately at the end of the third declivital interspaces. Although speci-
mens have not been examined, it is supposed that Eggers' South
American Hoplites corumbensis (Brazil), interruptus (Guadeloupe),
and major (Guadeloupe), belong to this genus.
May 27, 1961 scolytidae: records, species 3
Description. — F^roiis convex above, flallened below; eye coarsely
faceted, shallowly eniargiiiate; antcnnal scape short, funicle slightly
longer, seven-segmented, clidj subspherical and unmarked by sutures
except the first and second partly indicated by rows of setae. Pro-
notum punctate, without lateral asperities; lateral margins poorly
but acutely raised forming a somewhat irregular line; proepisternal
area wih very feebly raised acute ridge extending from coxal cavity
to anterior margin. Sculellum small, dejjiessed. Anterior margins of
elytra weakly elevated and bearing br(jad marginal and a few sub-
marginal crenulations. Tibiae broad, bearing about five teeth, simi-
lar to Hoplitontus banosus. Anterior coxae contiguous.
Type species. — Hoplitoplithorus sentus^ n. sp.; monobasic.
Hoplitoplithorus sentus, n. sp.
Female. — Length 2.1 mm.; 2.4 times as long as Nvide; bod}- color
dark brown.
Frons convex above, rather strongly flattened below; ej)istomai
margin weakly raised, extended somewhat medially in front of man-
dibles; surface coarsely, deeply punctured, the interspaces smooth
and shining; vestiture fine, hairlike, visible only along epistoma.
Eye coarsely faceted, shallowly emarginate; oval, twice as long as
wide. Antennal scape short, about twice as long as pedicle; funicle
seven-segmented, slightly longer than scape, segment seven very
slightly wider than two; club subspherical, only slightly compressed,
without indications of sutures except for rows of sparse hairlike setae.
Pronotum 1.1 times as wide as long; widest on basal third, the
sides evenly arcuate, constricted just behind the rather broadly
rounded anterior margin; surface smooth and shining with rather
coarse deep punctures uniformly distributed and separated from one
another by slightly more than half their diameters, glabrous. Lateral
margins acutely, irregularly raised on slightly more than middle two-
thirds.
Elytra 1.6 times as long as wide; sides subparallel on basal
three-fourths, broadly rounded behind; basal margins each bearing
about seven low very broad crenulations, the median three somewhat
fused to form a continuous costa. the others slightly overlapping;
striae very wide, not impressed, the punctures separated by less than
their own diameters; interspaces less than half as wide as striae,
smooth, shining, with a single somewhat irregular row of fine punc-
tures; a few submarginal crenulations at bases of interspaces two to
four. Declivity rather abrupt, convex, vertical; strial punctures great
ly reduced, about one-third as large as on disc; sutural interspace
elevated and bearing a sparse row of rather fine, pointed tubercles,
one or two interstrial punctures between and in line with the teeth,
the punctures as large as those of striae; interspace two narrower
than one and three, unarmed and impunctate (except near apex);
three bearing about six rather coarse widely spaced teeth; four, five
and seven each bearing a few '>maller teeth; six and (>igiit unarmed;
nine sharplv elevated from clytral base, becoming serrate near
The Great Basin Naturalist
4 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
middle of elytra, the widely spaced serrations becoming larger pos-
teriorly, the elevation curving ventrad just behind declivital base and
reaching the feebly elevated costal margin at a point in line with
declivital interspace three, the raised costal margin continuing to
apex; interspace ten weakly elevated on basal half.
Male. — What appears to be the male of this species is identical
to the female except somewhat more coarsely sculptured.
Type locality. — La Cuchilla. Sevilla, Colombia.
Host. — Citrus sinensis (orange).
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype and six
para types were taken at the type locality on June 19, 1959, by J. H.
Lasso, from "naranjo seco."
The holotype, allotype and some of the paratypes are in the col-
lection of the writer, other paratypes are in the U. S. National Mu-
seum.
Phloeocleptus Wood
The genus Phloeocleptus was described (Wood, 1956, Canadian
Ent. 88(4): 147) to include two species from Mexico. Recently,
Schedl (1959, Ent. Blatt. 55(1) :42) placed it in synon;yTTiy under
Hylocurus, calling attention to the supposed superficiality of generic
characters. Phloeocleptus is readily distinguished by the transverse
sutures of the small slender antennal club which are indicated by
setae only at the sides, by the distinct transverse impression behind
the summit of the pronotum, by the absence of tubercles on the
posterior face of the anterior tibiae, and by the posterior portion of
the elevation of the ninth declivital interspace which declines in
height gradually and terminates by fusing with the costal margin;
in addition, the species are phloeophagous. In Hylocurus the anten-
nal sutures are procurved. the transverse pronotal impression is ab-
sent, the posterior face of the anterior tibiae are tuberculate, the
ninth declivital interspace terminates abruptly without meeting the
costal margin, and the species are xylophagous. The superficial
character to which Schedl referred concerns the sexually dimorphic
armature of the elytral declivity which was not used, nor intended
for use, as a generic character, since it does not even occur in one of
the two described species.
The genus Phloeocleptus is mentioned here because the following
species superficially resembles P. caudatus Wood very closely and
emphasizes the significance of the generic characters mentioned
above.
Hylocurus minor, n. sp.
This species is quite different from other species of Hylocurus
known to the writer. The most distinctive characters include absence
of sutures and setae on the antennal club except at the sides, ab-
sence of tubercles on the declivital face inside of the circumdeclivital
ring of the tubercles in the male, and the simple structure of the
May 27, 1961 scolytidae: records, species 5
female declivity. Superficially it resembles Phloeocleptus caudatus
more closely than it does other Hylocurus.
Female. — Length 1.6 mm., 2.8 times as long as wide; color black.
Frons broadly, subconclavely impressed on a pentagonal area
between upper limits of eyes and epistomal margins, more strongly,
narrowly impressed on a small median circular area just above
epistoma; convex above the rather abrupt upper margin of impres-
sion; surface coarsely reticulate and finely punctured above and at
sides of impressed area, smooth and shining at center of impression;
vestiture scanty, visible along epistomal margin, median half of con-
ve.x area above impression forming two subtriangular areas of erect
reddish yellow scalelike or subplomose setae, upper side of triangles
almost horizontal and touching at inner ends, lower angles acute and
moderately separated. Eye oval; finely granulate. Antennal scape
sparsely setose; funicle six-segmented; club small, oval, sutures
clearly indicated only at sides by setae, procurved, the first suture
almost obsolete at center, but extending slightly less than half the
length of club.
Pronotum 1.1 times as long ts wide, sides straight and subparallel
on basal half, rather broadly rounded in front; anterior half closely
asperate, coarsely reticulate and finely, sparsely punctured behind;
not impressed behind summit; vestiture hairlike, inconspicuous.
Elytra 1.7 times as long as wide; sides straight and subparallel
on basal three-fourths, then abruptly narrowed to the acute, rather
long mucro; striae not impressed, the punctures small, rather deep;
interstriae wider than striae, smooth and shining, the punctures
about two-thirds as large as and slightly less abundant than those
of striae. Declivity abrupt, steep; strial and interstrial punctures
somewhat reduced in size but clearly impressed to mucro; interspace
three bearing two rather small pointed tubercles, the first on upper
third, the second at junction with interspace seven; each interspace
bearing two or three small rounded granules at base of declivity,
those on three extending to upper tubercle, those on eight and nine
slightly larger; nine elevated, irregularly granulate, terminated
abruptly behind by combined ninth and tenth striae. Vestiture limit-
ed to declivity, consisting of erect, yellow, cui^ved interstrial bristles,
each about as long as the distance between rows; and rows of short,
fine, erect strial hair.
Male. — Similar to female except frons narrowly, more shallowly
impressed below, with a short transverse carina at upper level of
eyes, pubsscent areas absent; interspaces one to eight each bearing
one large, blunt tubercle of equal length at margin of declivity form-
ing a circumdeclivital ring; interspace three with an additional slen-
der, sharply pointed tooth immediately below and almost touching
marginal tubetrcle, and one additional smaller, pointed tubercle at
junction with interspace seven; strial and interstrial [)unctures clear-
ly evident to mucro; and vestiture shorter, more nearly scalelike.
Type locality. — Alto Bonito, Caicedonia Valle, Colombia.
The Great Basin Naturalist
6 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
Hosts. — "Guamo" and Coffee.
Type material. — The female holotype, and six female and one
male para types were taken at the type locality on April 30. 1959.
from "guamo bejuco ramas secas," by J. Restrepo. The male allotype
is labelled "Caicedonia Valle, May 20, 1950, en Cafe," and was col-
lected by J. Mesa. Four female paratypes came from El Bosque,
Caicedonia Valle, June 1959, en Cafe, collected by J. II. Lasso. I'wo
female paratypes were collected at Montegrande, Caicedonia Valle,
June 19, 1959, from guamo and coffee, by J. Restrepo.
The holotype and allotype and some paratypes are in the collec-
tion of the writer; other paratypes are in the U. S. National
Museum.
Thamnophothorus impensus, n. sp.
This is the largest species in the genus. Apparently it is more
closely allied to volastos Schedl than to other representatives of the
genus, but may be distinguished by the larger size, by the stouter
body form, and by the more strongly impressed second declivital
interspace.
Male. — Length 3.2 mm. (paratypes 2.7-3.3), 2.3 times as long as
wide; body color brown with a yellowish or reddish cast.
Frons convex above, shallowly, broadly, transversely impressed
on lower half well above epistomal margin, with a slightly raised
median line; surface smooth and shining, finely, sparsely, sharply
punctured; vestiture short, moderately fine, hairlike, not conspicuous,
not more abundant or longer along epistomal margin. Eye very
shallowly, broadly emarginate; coarsely granulate. Antennal club
1.5 times as long as wide, devoid of sutures except for septate an-
terior half of first.
Pronotum 1.04 times as wide as long; widest just behind middle,
sides on basal half arcuate, very strongly constricted laterally on
anterior third, anterior margin rather narrowly rounded; anterior
half finely asperate, the asperites decreasing in size posteriorly;
posterior half smooth with rather numerous minute pores and rather
small, moderately abundant, deep punctures. Vestiture very short,
semirecumbent, hairlike.
Elytra 1.4 times as long as wide; sides straight and subparallel
on basal two-thirds, rather broadly rounded behind; striae not im-
pressed except the first moderately at base and strongly at declivity,
the punctures rather siuall, in somewhat indefinite rows at least
anteriorly; interstriae about three times as wide as striae, smooth,
the punctures rather sparse, irregular, confused with those of striae.
Declivity moderately steep, rather strongly bisulcate; sutural inter-
space moderately elevated, sutural striae strongly impressed above,
second interspace as wide as three and gradually becoming flattened
and impressed above, flat on lower half causing third interspace to
appear abruptly raised on middle half of declivity; one and two
devoid of punctures, three and four with a few small median punc-
May 27, 1961 scolytidai:. iu.cokds, m'i.cii'.s 7
tures. Vestiture very scanty, consisting of a few very sparse, sh(jrl.
erect hairs, none equal to more tlian half the width of an interspace.
Female. — Similar to the male except frons more nearly flattened
and without a raised median area.
Type locality. — Bogota, Colombia.
Type material. — The male holotype, female allotype and 35 para-
types bear the following data: "Bogota, Col., Sept. 1949, Pino
Romeron."
The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the collection
of the writer, other paratypes are in the U. S. National Museum.
A NEW DACTYLIPALPUS (COLEOPIERA. SCOLYTIDAE)
FROM IHE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
Stephen L. Wood'
Several years ago a series of large, black, apparently greasy bark
beetles was selected from a long series of Dactylipalpus transversus
Chapuis submitted for study by Mr. H. B. Leech of the California
Academy of Sciences. In order to draw attention to this species, the
second known Oriental Dactylipalpus, and to make the name avail-
able for use it is described below.
Dactylipalpus unctus, n. sp.
This species is allied to the African species cicatricosus Blandford
and parricida Eggers. but differs conspicuously in declivital sculp-
ture and in features of the pronotum. From transversus, the only
other known Australian or Oriental representative of the genus, it
differs by the somewhat shorter, stouter body form; by the darker
color; by the greasy appearance; by the narrower more weakly im-
pressed elytral striae with the punctures larger, deeper and separated
by partitions of variable length but none greater than the diameter
of one puncture; by the wider and more closely granulate inter-
spaces, with about four ranks of granules across each.
Female. — Length 9.5 mm., 1.8 times as long as wide; body color
black, appearing greasy.
Frons weakly convex, except flattened on broad area between
and above eyes, and arcuately impressed just above epistoma;
surface shining with rather abundant, coarse, sharply impressed,
shallow punctures, a small setiferous granule at center of each punc-
ture; vestiture consisting of short, stout, semierect setae. Eye 3.0
times as long as wide, finely granulate, rather deeply, broadly emar-
ginate on the distinctly narrower lower half. Antenna shorter than
eye, similar to that of transversus.
Pronotum 0.63 times as long as wide, subquadrate, only slightly
wider posteriorly; anterior margin almost straight, posterior margin
very strongly bisinute; a deep, narrow, straight tiansverse groove
one-sixth of distance from anterior margin and occupying slightly
more than the median third (0.40 times greatest width), in trans-
versus the groove is shorter (0.28 times) and slightly procurved;
surface with median third finely, rather indistinctly punctured,
most of punctures granulate, the granules larger and more abundant
in lateral areas, becoming asperate in anterolateral areas, granules
narrower and more abundant than in transversus and asperites more
slender.
Elytra 1.3 times as long as wide. 2.1 times as long as pronotum;
sides almost straight and subparallel on basal two-thirds, rather
1. Contribution no. I'd. '/.oology and Entomology Uepai Inipnt, Brighani ^'ouiig University. Fiovo,
Utah- Scolytoidea lontiibutiun no. 1\ .
May 27, 1961 new dactylipalpus from Philippines 9
l)roadly it)iinded behind; each el} lion subangulately produced at
base, the broad, obtuse angle occurring at base of fourth interspace,
the niesal portion of bases forming a 90 degree angle at the very
small scutellum; striae feebly or not at all im})ressed except near
declivity, the punctures small, deep, rather indistinct and somewhat
irregular; interstriae three to four times as wide as striae except one
much narrower, all weakly convex to flat, closely granulate, about
four ranks of confused granules on each interspace. Declivity steep,
convex; all striae narrowly impressed ; interstriae one and two nar-
row, three and nine wider and weakly elevated, the granules as on
disc, not formed into distinct rows. Vestiture consisting of very short,
dark, inconspicuous stout setae.
Male. — Similar to female except: much smaller, length 7 .7 mm.,
1.7 times as long as wide; frons broadly, concavely impressed be-
tween eyes from vertex to epistomal margin; epistomal margin not
elevated on median third and armed by a pair of prominences lateral
to the non-raised area; pronotum finely, closely graimlate, devoid of
asperities except one or two very small ones at anterolateral angles;
the transverse groove absent.
Type locality. — Mt. Makiling, Laguna, Philippine Islands.
Host. — Unknown.
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype, and twelve
paratvpes were taken at the tvpe localitv on May 11, 1932. at eleva-
tions of 300. 800. and 2000 feet, by F. C. Hadden.
The female holotype and male allotype are in the British
Museum of Natural History; paratvpes are in the collections of the
California Academv of Science and of the writer.
UNDESCRIBED SPECIES OF
WESTERN NEARC'J IC TIPULIDAE
(DIPTERA). IV.
Charles P. Alexander'
The preceding part under this general title was published in
THE GREAT BASIN NATURALIST, 18: 31 - 36; 1958. The
species discussed at this time are from Arizona, California, Idaho,
and Texas, taken by various collectors as acknowledged under- the
individual species. Through their appreciated interest I am permitted
to retain the types in my personal collection.
Tipula {Tricholipiila) hcdgesi n. sp.
Size large (length of male about 25 mm., of which the abdomen
comprises about 18); antennae short; mesonotal praescutum light
brown with four poorly differentiated brownish gray stripes; wings
brownish yellow, stigma and costal field pale brown; abdomen of
both sexes very long; male hypopygium with the notch of tergite
U-shaped, its margins with very abundant erect black setae; inner
dististyle with beak bidentate, the outer basal lobe produced into a
long erect horn; eighth sternite provided with long erect yellow
setae, the posterior margin with a small median quadrate lobe.
Male. — Length about 23-27 mm.; wing 15-18 mm.; abdomen
alone 17-20 mm.; antenna about 2.2-2.4 mm.
Female. — Length about 23-25 mm.; uing 15-16 mm.; abdomen
alone 17-18 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head obscure yellow, including the slen-
der nasus; palpi yellowish brown. Antennae short; basal three seg-
ments yellow, succeeding seginents weakly bicolored, the scarcely
enlarged bases darker than the outer half, outer segments uniformly
brownish black; flagellar segments subequal in length to their longest
verticils. Head above brownish gray; front, the conspicuous vertical
tubercle and narrow posterior orbits clearer gray, genae and ventral
surface light brown.
Pronotal scutum brownish gray, narrowly darkened medially,
scutellum and pretergite light yellow. Mesonotal praescutum light
brown, with four poorly differentiated more brownish gray stripes
that are barely indicated by darker borders, the most evident being
a median vitta; scutal lobes darkened, median region and remainder
of mesonotum light yellow; pleurotergite yellowish white, confluent
with the similarly colored pteropleurite, meron and metapleura;
mesepistemum yellow, extensively patterned with brownish gray on
the anepisternum and ventral sternopleurite; dorsopleural meinbrane
yellow. Halteres with stem yellows knob infuscated. Legs with coxae
yellow, sparsely pruinose; trochanters obscure yellow; femora yel-
low, tips blackened; tibiae obscure brownish yellow, their tips and
the tarsi brownish black to black; claws small, simple. Wings brown-
1 . .\mherst, Massachusetts.
lU
Mciy 27. 19()1 WKSTF.RN NKAHCTIC TIPULlDAi: 11
ish \ ellow. pi(Mi( iil.ii- and costal fi(>l(ls, with ihc sligiiia, pale l)i'()\vn;
veins hidwii \ l.u idlficliia in ouUm' etuis of cells R.,, M , and 2i2(l
^l>. X'enaliun; Cell 1st Mj elongate, its inner vwd pointed; cell M,
deep, its petiole from about one-hall to snheciual to //;,• fn-cu on M ,,
beyond the base.
Abdomen ol both sexes ver}- long, as shown b}- the measure-
ments; tergites yellow, with a virtually continuous brown central
stripe, on the proximal segments barely intcMTupted at extreme base;
eighth tergite dull orange, trivittate with brownish black; hy{)opy-
gium light brown above, more yellowed laterally; basal sternites
reddish yellow, outer segments slightly more darkened. Ovipositoi-
with cerci straight, relatively stout, their tips narrowly obtuse. Male
hypopygium with the tergal notch narrowly U-shaped, the adjacent
cuigles slightly produced; margin of notch with very abundant erect
black spinoid setae, on lower face of lobes with dense areas of black-
ened spicules. Outer dististyle broad, apex obtuse; irnier style with
beak bidentate, formed of two long blackened points; outer basal
lobe a long erect horn. Eighth sternite distinctive; posterior border
gently emarginate. with a small quadrate median lobe; surface on
either side of midline with very conspicuous long yellow setae.
Habitat. — Arizona (Pima County).
Holotype. cf. Madera Canyon, Santa Rita Mountains, October
10. 1959 (William A. Hedges). AUotopotype, 9, pinned in co{)ula
with the type. Paratopotypes., d" cT 9 ? ■
This interesting fly is named for the collector, Mr. William A.
Hedges, student of the Lepidoptera. The fly is quite distinct from
Tipula (Trichotipula) prolixa Alexander, of this same general
region, in the large size, very long abdomen, and especially the
structure of the male hypopygium, including the tergite. inner disti-
stvle and eighth sternite.
Tipula (Yamatotipula) fnotearia n. sp.
.\llied to aU)ocaudata; mesonotal pracscutum yellowish gray with
three darker stripes that are bordered by darker; antennal scape
brownish black, pedicel orange, flagellum entirely black; flagellar
segments strongly incised; pleura light gray; wings suffused, pat-
terned with darker; abdominal tergites yellow medially, with two
broad brownish black stripes; male hypopygium with the inner disti-
style distinctive, especially the outer basal and intermediate lobes,
the latter a curved slender spine; aedeagus before aj)ex with a ciiclet
of four strong spines.
Male. — Length about H-lo mm.; wing 13-15 nun.; antenna
about 4.7-5 mm.
Female. — Length about 15-U) mm.; wing 15-17 nun.; antenna
about 3 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head light brown on sides, gray dorsall\ ;
nasus elongate, with long setae; jjalpi black. Antennae of male with
scape brownish black, pedicel fulvous to l)rownish bla( k. flagdlum
The Great Basin Naturalist
12 CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Vol. XXL NoS. 1 & 2
black; flagellar segments rather strongly incised, beyond the first
with outer lobe subequal in size to the basal svvelhng, verticils short-
er than the segments; antennae of female shorter. Head brown, the
front and broad orbits light gray; a group of long pale setae on lower
part of head.
Pronotum gray, scutum patlerned with brown, scutellum and
pretergites variegated with yellow. Mesonotal praescutum yellowish
gray, with three darker stripes that are bordered by darker to pro-
duce the effect of six darkened lines, the median vitta not or scarcely
indicated; posterior sclerites of notum light gray, each scutal lobe
with two brownish gray areas that are vaguely margined with dark-
er, parascutella paler; pleui'otergite variegated brownish gray and
yellow, the latter color on the posterior end of the anapluerotergite
and dorsal edge of the katapleurotergite. Pleura light gray, dorso-
pleural region conspicuously light yellow; sclerites surrounding the
root of the halteres light yellow. Ilalteres with stem reddish brown,
brightest at base, knob dark brown. Legs with coxae light gray, with
long conspicuous white setae; trochanters obscure yellow; femora
brownish yellow, the tips passing into black; tibiae and tarsi brown
ish black; claws of male toothed. Wings rather strongly suffused,
prearcular and costal fields more yellowed; stigma oval, dark brown,
conspicuous; dusky seams along vein R in cell /?, along M and m-cu,
in cell M, and less evidently in outer radial field; obliterative areas
before stigma and across base of cell ist Mj, separated by a darken-
ing at fork of Rs; veins brownish black, paling to brown in the
brightened fields. Venation: Rs long, from about 1.5 to 1.7 times
m-cu- petiole of cell M , subequal to //?,- m-cu shortly beyond the
short perpendicular base of .1/j.
Abdominal tergites yellow medially, with very broad and con-
spicuous brownish black sublateral stripes that are much wider than
the central ground area; lateral borders adjoiiiing the dark stripes
yellowed, paling through gray to white; sternites brownish 3'ellow,
darker laterally; seventh and succeeding segments black, sparsely
pruinose: hypoj)ygium dark, excepting the {)ale outer dististyle.
Male hypopygium with the tergal lobes relatively broad, about twice
as wide as the intervening notch, apical spicules abundant. Outer
dististyle of moderate size, apex obtuse, setae small; inner dististyle
distinctive, with three lobes or spines additional to the beak, the
latter obtuse, at its base on (juler face with six or seven long power-
ful setae; outer basal lobe stout, at apex uith several appressed
points or scales; intermediate lobe a strong sclerotized arm. broad at
base, curved and very graduall^■ narrowed into a long straight spine,
the outer part with a series of about five strong setae; third lobe a
pale flattened blade, its apex very obtuse. Aedeagus lelatively slen-
der, near aj)ex with a circlet of four strong spines.
Habitat. — Idaho (Latah County).
Holotype, cT, Robinson Lake, April 29. 1959 ( H. Homan). Allo-
topotype, 9 , pinned with the type. Paratopolypes. d d 9 9 . with
Mav 2". 1961 western nearctic tipilidae 13
the t\'po5;. including material reared from puj)a, emerged April 5-
May'l. 1959.
I am pleased to dedirat(> this fl}' to Di-. BcMijamin A. Foote, who
reared the matei-ial whih^ on the staff in Entomology at the Uni-
versity of Idaho. An account of the immature stages will be j)ub-
lished by Dr. Foote. The similar species are Tipula iYaniatotipula)
alhocaudata Doane and T. [Y .) coltcri Alexander, distinguished by
the coloration of the body and antennae and. especially, by the struc-
tiu'e of the male hypopygium. partic ularly the inner dististyle.
J ipula [Hespcrotipiihn chiitiiash n. sp.
Belongs to the streptocera group; thora.x uniformly fulvous yel-
low; \vings pale brown, stigma darker, veins narrowly bordered by
white; abdomen yellow, basal tergites with a continuous darkened
stripe and sublateral basal markings; male hypopygium with the
spine of the basistyle long and slender; inner dististyle massive, beak
stout; basal lobe very large, subcjuadrate, provided with abundant
long setae; eighth sternite with a small median setiferous lobule at
base of the apical notch.
Male. — Length about 15 mm.; wing 15 nmi.; antenna about 4.2
nmi.
Frontal prolongation of head brownish black, subequal in length
to remainder of head; nasus short but slender; palpi with proximal
segment brown, remainder brownish black to black. Antennae with
proximal three segments }'ellow, apex of first flagellar segment
weakly darkened, remainder of antennae brownish black, bases of
second and third flagellar segments vaguely brightened; segments
conspicuously incised, subecjual in length to the longest verticils.
Head dark gray, vertex with a more infuscated central line.
Thorax light fulvous yellow, scutal lobes weakly infuscated;
vestiture of notum sparse, longer on praescutal interspaces and pos-
terolateral parts of the mediotergite. 1 lalteres with stem dirty white,
knob brownish black. Legs with coxae and trochanters fulvous; fe-
mora medium brown, bases restrictedly brightened, tips narrowly
black(>ned, the amount subequal on all legs, preceded by a very vague
yellowed ring; tibiae light brown, tips narrowly infuscated; tarsi
brown, passing into darker brown; claws of male toothed. Wings
with ground pale brown, stigma darker brown, cell Sc more yel-
lowed; obliterative areas befoie and beyond stigma and across cell
1st Mi; veins narrowly bordered by whitish, restricting the ground
color to the centers of the cells; veins brown, prearcular veins, Sc,
R and both branches of Cu more yellowish brown. Macrotrichia in
outer wing cells from R, to 2nd XL more sparse behind; tricliia on
longitudinal veins based almost to arculus, lacking on bases of M
and Cu,; strong trichia on prearcular sections of both Anal veins;
dilated prearcular base of R-\-M with two isolated groups of small
circular [junctures. Venation- Petiole of cell M, longer than m;
m-cu at fork of .'A/y-f-..
The Great Basin Naturalist
14 CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
Abdominal tergites yellow, with a continuous brown central
stripe and small basal sublateral brown areas, lateral borders pale;
sternites and hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium with tergal
lobes small, blackened, cylindrical, tips obtuse, separated from one
another by a narrow notch. Basistyle extended into a slender spine,
slightly more dilated on less than the proximal half. Outer dististyle
small, as in the subgenus; inner style distinctive, body massive, apex
stout, not produced into a slender beak as is common in the group;
outer crest of style with strong setae, the more posterior ones very
long, erect; basal lobe very large, conspicuous, subquadrate, pro-
vided with abundant long setae. Eighth sternite narrowed pos-
teriorly, apex with the usual two triangular lobes, the tips and mesal
faces with dense yellow setae; at base of notch with a small tubercle
that is tipped with a few strong setae, their apices more dilated and
membranous.
Habitat. — California (San Luis Obispo County).
Holotype, d', San Simeon Creek, May 3, 1958 (Dennis Ilynes).
The specific name, chumash, is that of a Californian Amerind
stock, now extinct, belonging to the Hokan family, formerly occupy-
ing the present area of Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo counties.
The fly is readily told from all other described members of the
streptocera group by the hypopygial structure, particularly the tergal
lobes and inner dististyle.
The majority of the known species of Hesperotipula belong to the
streptocera group, having the basistyle of the hypopygium produced
into a strong spine. Other species without such a modification of the
style are allied and may be placed in a second group, the californi-
ca, including besides the typical species, calif ornica (Doane, 1908),
also aitkeniana Alexander, derbyi Doane, sanctae-luciae Alexander
and sweetae Alexander, all of California.
Pedicia {Tricyphona) hynesiana n. sp.
Belongs to the rubiginosa group; mesonotum buffy, praescutum
with four poorly indicated more reddish brown stripes; antennae 17-
segmented; wings fulvous, stigma brown, conspicuous; vein R4-]-r.
present; male hypopygium with the lateral tergal arms dilated
into a triangular head, interbase small, slender.
Male. — Length about 9.5 nnn.; wing 10 nmi.; antenna about 1.4
mm.
Rostrum brownish gray, palpi brownish black; mouthparts large,
pale brown. Antennae of male 17-segmented; scape dark brown, re-
maining segments yellowish brown to light brown; flagellar seg-
ments beyond the first oval, progressively smaller outwardly, slight-
ly exceeding their verticils. Head gray; anterior vertex nearly twice
the diameter of the scape.
Pronotum buffy yellow. Mesonotum buffy, piaescutuni with
four very poorly indicated more reddish brown stripes, the inter-
mediate pair indistinctly separated; scutal lobes light brown; pos-
May 27, 1961 western neahctic tipulidae 15
terior sclerites and pleura more yellowish brown; dorsopleural mem-
brane yellowed. Haltercs with stem yellow, apex of knob brown.
Legs with co.xae brownish yellow; trochanters yellow; remainder of
legs obscure yellow, proximal two tarsal segments yellow, tips nar-
rowly blackened, outer segments black. Wings fulvous, cell Sc clearer
yellow; stigma brown, conspicuous; veins yellow, macrotrichia dark
brown. Macrotrichia of veins long and conspicuous, lacking on bases
of .1/, Cii, and the Anals. Venation: Rj,~\-i present, longer than the
basal section of /?.,,• cell AL open by atrophy of m; m-cu oblique,
shortly beyond midlength of Mj-\-:,.
Abdomen medium brown, outer segments somewhat darker,
sternites and hypopygium more yellowed. Male hypopygium with
the tergite large, the posterior border almost truncate, vaguely emar-
ginate at the midregion, the low lobes with long setae; apex of each
tergal arm dilated into a large subtriangular liead, shortly before
tip produced laterad. Basistyle with outer apical angle extended
into a strong lobe that narrows to a point, the lobe with few scattered
setae; inner apical angle produced into a longer anl larger lobe, its
margin expanded into glabrous sclerotized flanges, one dorsal, the
other ventral in position. Interbase a small slender rod. Dististyle
lying in the notch of the lobes of the basistyle, shorter than either
of the latter, appearing as a stout cylinder, the length about two and
one-half times the diameter, outer end obtuse, with numerous black-
ened spinoid setae. Phallosome small and inconspicuous.
Habitat. — California (Monterey County).
Holotype, d". Salmon Creek, April 25, 1958 (Dennis Hynes).
I am very pleased to name this interesting fly in honor of the
collector. Dr. Dennis Hynes, who is engaged in a study of the biology
and ecology of the Tipulidae of the southern coast ranges of Cali-
fornia. The fly is quite distinct from the two species of the group
hitherto made known, rubiginosa Alexander, of the Canadian Rock-
ies, and fulvicolor Alexander, known from British Columbia, Idaho
and western Oregon. In the retention of the vein R4 + .-, the fly is
more like fulvicolor from which it is readily distinguished by the
smaller size and conspicuously darkened stigma. The male sex of
fulvicolor is not know^n to me; the male hypopygium of rubiginosa
is quite distinct, including especially the tergal arms, interbase,
lobes of the basistyle. and the dististyle.
Gonornyia {Idiocera) flintiana n. sp.
General coloration of thorax light gray, the praescutum with
four brown stripes, pleura extensively variegated with pale yellow;
femora yellow, tips darkened; wings whitish subhyaline, restrictedly
{)atternod with brown: cell R, at margin closed by the approximation
or fusion of veins R, -\- . and R, m-cu about one and one-half times
its length before the fork of M; male hypopygium with the aedeagus
relatively short and stout, not constricted beyond the base.
Male. — Length about 5.5-6 mm.; wing 5-6 mm.
Female. — Length about 6.5 mm.; wing 6 mm.
The Great Basin Naturalist
16 CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Vol. XXI, NoS. 1 & 2
Rostrum and palpi blackened. Antennae with basal segments
yellowed, more darkened on lower surface, outer segments black;
basal flagellar segments oval, the outer ones much smaller and pro-
portionately longer, verticils slightly exceeding the segments. An-
terior vertex yellowed, more strongly so behind, center of posterior
vertex restrictedly darkened.
Pronotum dark gray, yellowed on sides; pretergites yellow. Meso-
notal praescutum light gray with four narrow brown stripes, the in-
termediate pair widened behind, separated by a broad ground stripe;
pseudosutural foveae castaneous, a small yellow humeral spot;
scutum brownish gray, the central area and scutal lobes marked
longitudinally with dark brown; scutellum dark brown; postnotum
dark brownish gray, with a light yellow area over the postnotal
suture. Pleura dark gray, variegated with light yellow, including the
dorsopleural membrane, dorsal sternopleurite and metapleura. Hal-
teres elongate, stem white, knob dark brown. Legs with fore coxae
darkened, remainder broadly yellowed; trochanters yellow; femora
yellow, tips brown to brownish black; tibiae brownish yellow, apices
narrowly blackened; tarsi black. Wings whitish subhyaline, pre-
arcular and costal fields light brown; a restricted but conspicuous
brown pattern, including the stigma and narrow seams at origin of
Rs, cord, Tn-cu and outer medial fork; more than the outer half of
cell Rj paler brown; veins brown, pale in the yellowed fields. Vena-
tion: Sc short, Sc, ending about one-fifth to one-sixth the length of
Rs; cell R, closed by the approximation or short marginal fusion of
R, -\- 2 and /?„,• m-cu from about one an done-fourth to one and one-
half times its length before the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown, including the hvpopygium; posterior bor-
ders of tergites very narrowly pale. Male hypopygium with the
apical lobe of basistyle narrowed and twisted outwardly. Dististyles
blackened, subterminal; inner style with the spine apical, slightly
recurved. Aedeagus relatively short and stout, its length about five
times the diameter at base, not conspicuously narrowed beyond the
base, as in hoogstraali.
Habitat. — Texas (Val Verde County).
Holotype, cf, San Felipe Spring, Del Rio. September 21. 1960
(O. S. Flint). Allotopotype, ?, pinned with the type. Paratopo-
types, 2 d d .
This interesting fly is named in honor of the collector, Dr. Oliver
S. Flint. Jr., of the United States National Museum. The nearest
described relative is Gonomyia (Idiocera) hoogstraali Alexander, of
Michoacan, Mexico, which differs especially in hypopygial char-
acters, particularly the inner dististyle and aedeagus. The most
similar Nearctic species is G. (/.) gaigei Rogers, which differs more
evidently in the pattern of the wings, venation, and in hypopygial
structure.
A NEW SPECIES OF CINARA FROM COLORADO
(APHIDIDAE)
F. C. Hottes'
Cinara caliginosa, n. sp.
Apterous viviparous female. — Length from vertex to end of
Cauda 2.54 (2.20-2.70) mm. Width of head across eyes 0.28 mm.
Color of Hving specimens as remembered from specimens taken in
1954 as follows: Head pale tan, color rather faded or washed out.
Thorax and abdomen dull black with no powder. Color as indicated
by cleared moinited specimens as follows: Head pale dusky with
margins and median transverse suture much darker. Thorax dusky
due to pigmented areas. Abdomen pale with cornicles dark brown.
First antennal segment concolorous with head, second antennal seg-
men not as dark as first segment. Third antennal segment pale with
apical fourth dusky. Fourth antennal segment pale with apical half
dusky. Fifth antennal similar to fourth. Sixth antennal segment uni-
foim dusky. All femora pale yellowish dusky on basal half with re-
mainder brownish. Meta-thoracic tibiae with short region near base
brownish, this followed by a lighter area about 0.99 mm. long re-
mainder of tibiae and tarsal segments dark brown. Pro- and meso-
thoracic tibiae not as dark as the metathoracic tibiae and with the
pale area much more extensive.
He.ad AissD Thor.^x. Antennal segments with the following
lengths: III 0.75 (0.63-0.94), IV 0.345 (0.30-0.35), V 0.36 (0.30-
0.45). VI 0.15 + .045 (0.10-0.18 + .06). Sensoria distributed as foL
lows: III 2 (0-3), IV 2 (2-3), V 2-3 (2). All antennal segments very
coarsely imbricated. Hair on antennae sparse, very fine, sharp point-
ed, on anterior and posterior margins spaced further apart than their
length which is about equal to tiie width of segment or about one
third longer than the width of segment. Hair on dorsum of head
about 0.08 mm. in length distributed over entire surface, numerous
on either side of the median transverse suture over which they criss-
cross. Rostrimi extending to just beyond the cornicles. Last three seg-
ments of the rostrum with the following lengths 0.30. 0.24. 0.09 mm.
Median mesosternal tubercle so poorly developed that it might be
considered absent. Ventrolateral regions of the meso and metathorax
with three well developed teeth, the natrior pair being much longer
than the other two. Metathoracic femora 2.10 (1.87-2.10) mm. in
length. Metathoracic tibiae 3.30 (3.37-3.67) mm. in length.Meta-
thoracic tarsal segments 0.15 and 0.42 mm. long. Hairs on anterior
and posterior margins of the metathoracic femora spaced not much
closer than their length, very fine and sharply pointed. Hairs on
metathoracic tibiae about 0.06 mm. long when shai^ply pointed, when
dull at the end only 0.03 mm. long. Surface of tibiae wrinkled.
Ventral surface of first metathoracic tarsal segment with from 16-20
1. F. C. Hottes. Grand Junction, Colorado.
17
The Great Basin Naturalist
18 F. c. HOTTEs Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
hairs, all of which are sharply pointed and at times longer than the
width of segment.
Abdomen. Hair on dorsum of abdomen exceedingly sparse, for
the most part spaced 0.15 mm. apart, very fine, and most 0.02 mm.
or less in length. Cornicles 0.60 mm. across outer margin, which for
the most part is quite regular or only slightly broken. Cornicles in
side view 0.30 nun. high. Hairs on cornicles for most part confined
to a ring about 0.09 mm. wide near apex. These hairs are 0.70 mm.
long. Pigmented areas anterior to cauda wide, often united by a very
narrow bridge. The pigmented areas have a row of very fine, sharply
pointed hairs along the posterior margin. Cauda and anal plate with
very long hairs. Genital plate indented on anterior and posterior
margins, with middle region almost free from hair. Hairs on ventral
surface of abdomen fairly numerous, about 0.06 mm. in length.
Dorsolateral region of abdomen with two rows of small wax pore
plates.
Alate viviparous female. — Length from vertex to end of cauda
varying from 3.97-4.00 mm. Color similar to apterous viviparous
female. Length of antennal segments as follows: III 0.66-0.82 mm.,
IV 0.27-0.30 mm., V 0.30-0.38 mm., VI 0.15 -f .06 mm. Sensoria
distributed as follows: III 5.9, IV 2-4, V 2-3. On III the sensoria are
arranged in a row. they are only slightly tuberculate. Hair on an-
tennae sparse, fine, sharply pointed, not longer than width of seg-
ment. All antennal segments coarsely imbricated. Ocular tubercles
well developed. Hair on dorsum of head similar lo hair on head of
apterous viviparous female. Lateral lobes of thorax with very few
hairs. Media of forewings twice branched, the second branch far
removed from the margin of the wing. Length of metathoracic tibiae
3.60 mm. Metathoracic tarsal segments 0.125 and 0.39 mm. Hairs on
metathoracic tibiae all blunt, and shorter than haiis on apterous
female. Hairs on dorsum of abdomen not so far apart as hairs on
dorsum of apterous female. Cornicles 0.40-0.48 mm. otherwise as in
apterous female.
There is no question about this special being closely allied to
C. coloradensis (Gillette) and I had so determined it until I checked
it wdth a drawing of that species by Dr. Palmer. It differs from
C. coloradensis by having numerous crisscrossing hairs on either
side of the median transverse suture, in coloradensis there hairs are
absent. Tlie antennal segments are somewhat longer, especially seg-
ment five of the apterous form and three of the alate. The cornicle
base is also as a rule larger and more regular. I have seen several
of the "type" slides of coloradensis from the Colorado collection,
they show the hairs on the cornicles similar to the hairs on the corni-
cles of caliginosa. Other slides determined as coloradensis show the
hairs evenly distributed over the cornicles. Such specimens have
the outer margin of the cornicles nuich broken. Gillette in the orig-
inal description gives the color of the head as more or less rufous.
This does not hold for caliginosa. I noted but dismissed this differ-
I\l<n' 27. UH)1 AIMIIDIDM, lllOM COLORADO 19
ence wlu'ii I first coIIccUhI my material, (iillcttr lists both Picea
porryaiia [Picca punircns) and Picca cngchtunini as hosts. Dr. Pal-
mer now considers onh' P. pungctis the host of coloradensis. I am
inclined to think that anotluM- speci(^s is involved in this complex,
but Dr. Palmer thinks not.
Holotype apterous viviparous female, morphotype alate vivipa-
rus female. Both types mounted on the same slide, in my collection.
Host Picca cfigchuafini, July 21, 1954, Glade Park, Colo. (Fruita
Reserve). This species lives in large colonies on yoimg branches and
the terminal portions of the trunks of young trees.
A NEW SPECIES OF CINARA FROM DELAWARE
(APHIDIDAE)
F. C. Hottes'
Cinara lunata, n. sp.
Apterous viviparous female. — Length from vertex to end of anal
plate 3.22 (3.00) mm. Width of head through the eyes .70 mm.
Color of cleared mounted specimens as follows: Head dusky brown,
transverse suture very much darker. Antennal segments I and II
concolorous with head. Antennal segment III pale except for slightly
dusky apex. Antennal segment IV with apical one third dusky.
Antennal segment V with apical half dusky. All of antennal segment
VI dusky. Prothorax with dorsum dusky. Meso and metathorax each
with two dusky areas on the dorsum. All femora pale at the base,
the pale area more extensive on the metathoracic femora, remainder
of femora dark brown. Tibiae dark brown at the base, this followed
by a pale region which gradually becomes dark brown. The dark
area is much more extensive on the metathoracic tibiae. Tarsal seg-
ments dark brown. Dorsum of the abdomen with a few small scat-
tered pigmented spots. Cornicles dusky brown, pigmented area an-
terior to Cauda similar.
He.^d and Thorax. Antennal segments with the following
lengths: III .46 (.48)mm., IV .20 (.18) mm., V .23 (.21)mm., VI
.2 + .05 (.09 -|- .05) mm. Third and fourth antennal segments each
with a small sensorium. Fifth antennal segment with two small
sensoria. Hair on antennae sparse, fine, set at an angle slightly more
than 45 degrees, shorter than width of segment, on III .06 mm long.
Sixth antennal segment club shaped, primary sensorium very dis-
tinct. Fifth and sixth antennal segments strongly imbricated. Ros-
trum not fully extended, last three segments with the following
lengths: .25, .22 and .06 mm. Ocular tubercles small, but very dis-
tinct. Anterior margin of head very much arched. Dorsum of head
with coarse rather spinelike hairs, the hairs not so numerous on the
posterior half. Mesoternal tubercle very poorly developed. Meta-
thoracic femora 1.27 (1.23) mm. long. Metathoracic tibiae 2.13
(2.25) mm. long. Hairs on tibiae not numerous, fine, more upstand-
ing on basal half. Hairs on tibiae about .09 mm. long but not all of
the same length, hairs on inner margin of tibiae less upstanding and
more numerous. All hairs on tibiae shorter than width of tibiae.
Metatarsal 1.12 mm. long. Metatarsal II 0.26 mm. long. First meta-
tarsal with about twelve hairs on the ventral surface. Hairs on dor-
sum of metatarsal II fewer than on ventral surface.
Abdomen. Cornicles with base .60 (.61)mm. Apex of cornicles
with distinct rim. Hairs on cornicles few, scarse on basal half. Hairs
on dorsum of abdomen sparse, spinelike, not all of the same length,
the shortest very short, the longest about .06 mm. the short hairs
1. 357 Orchard .'Xve , Grand Jimctiori. Colo.
20
May 27, 1961
APHIDIDAE FROM DELAWARE
21
being the more numerous. I lairs on ventral surface of the body very
numerous fine, about .07 mm. long.
Genital plate very narrow, with the posterior margin very deeply
excavated, distinctly crescent shaped, imbricated. Pigmented area
anterior to cauda not divided, imbricated, with about ten hairs on
the posterior margin, these hairs are sharp pointed and about .09
mm. long. Anterior to this pigmented area there is a smaller area
with a few short, rather spinelike hairs.
Alate viviparous female. — Length from vertex to end of cauda
3.03 mm. Color similar to that of apterous female. Length of anten-
nal segments as follows: III .45 mm., IV .17 mm., V .20 mm., VI
.10 + .05 mm. Hair on antennae sparse, slightly longer than width
of segment, set at an angle of about 45 degrees. Fourth antennal
segment with four small secondary sensoria plus the primary sen-
sorium. Fourth antennal segment with only the primary sensorium.
Fifth antennal segment with one secondary and tlie primary sen-
sorium. Sixth antennal segment distinctly imbricated. Lateral and
median lobes of thorax with hairs uniformally distributed over the
surface. Wings not well mounted, but the media seems to be only
once branched. Metathoracic femora 1.20 mm. long. Metathoracic
tibiae 2.13 nnn. Hairs on metathoracic tibiae about .10 mm. long,
fine, with the hairs on the inner margin more numerous and those
near the apex set at a lesser angle. Cornicles .45 mm. with a distinct
restricted area. Hairs on cornicles few. Cienital plate less deeply ex-
cavated than in the apterous female. Hairs on dorsum of abdomen
not as spinelike as those on the dorsum of the apterous form. Hairs
on ventral surface of the abdomen numerous, about .075 mm. long.
Pigmented area anterior to cauda not as wide as in the apterous
form.
In Tissot's key to apterous and alate females, Florida Entomolo-
gist 22: 34-35, 1939, this species keys with difficulty and with
numerous questions to Cinara Carolina Tissot. It diilers from the
The Great Basin Naturalist
22 F. c. HOTTEs Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
species described by Tissot in numerous ways. The genital plate is
more of a crescent, the dorsum of the abdomen has fewer spots, the
cornicles fewer hairs, fewer hairs on the tibiae. The hairs on the
dorsum of the abdomen are also fewer and shorter.
Host: Pinus uirginiana, Petersburg, Delaware, May 29, 1957.
Collected by H. E. Nlilliron. Holotype apterous viviparous female
morphotype alate viviparous female, both mounted on same slide
deposited in the United States National Museum.
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF SALAMANDER
FROM PANAMA
Wilnier W. Tanner' and Aiden H. Branie, Jr."
A series of forty-seven specimens of the genus Magnadigita from
the crater of Volcan Baru, Chiriqui Province, Panama, represents an
unique new species for this genus. We are indebted to Captain Ver-
non J. Tipton for having collected the type and paratypes, at Brig-
ham Young University (BYU), and to the following for a loan of
additional type specimens: Charles M. Bogert and Richard G. Zwei-
fel, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Alan E. Levi-
ton, California Academy of Sciences (CAS) and James E. Bohlke,
Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia (ANSP).
Because this salamander has a marbled color pattern, it is to be
known as
Magnadigita rnarmorea sp. nov.
Type. — Brigham Young University No. 1770A', from the crater of
Volcan Baru (Chiriqui), elevation 10,500 feet, Chiriqui Province,
Panama. Collected May 1, 1960 by Vernon J. Tipton.
Paratypes.— BYU 17700-3 and 17705-11 all topotypes; AMNH
54392-9 taken between December 10 and 12, 1948 by Vladimir
Walters, P. F. Scholander, and Carlos E. Hooker at 11,300 feet ele-
vation; ANSP 20846, taken by Enders, 1937 at 11,480 feet; CAS
79621-34 and 79637-46, taken between August 10 and 12, 1939, by
J. R. Slevin and Robert Terry. All from the Volcan Baru, Chirigui
Province, Panama.
Diagnosis. — A medium-sized species, seemingly more closely
related to subpalmata but differing in having longer legs, in which
the toes of the adpressed legs usually touch; and with fewer maxil-
lary and mandibular teeth and more vomerine teeth. The new
species is different from other Costa Rican and Panamanian species
in having an increase of vomerine teeth with little space between
the series, caudal grooves faint or obliterated and with a marbled
color pattern over the entire body.
Description of Type. — Head flattened, its diameter between eyes
(4.3 mm.) only half of widest part (9.8 mm.); eye large, its di-
ameter (3.5 mm.) greater than distance to nostral (3.0 mm.), eye-
lid (2.7 mm.) narrower than interorbital distance (3.2 mm.); snout
truncate, distance between nostrals, 3.1 mm.; head without grooves
or folds, subnarial grooves and swellings small; gular fold promi-
nent, extending to a dorsolateral position; 13 costal grooves counting
one each in axilla and groin, grooves not extending onto abdomen;
caudal grooves, 33, not distinct; maxillary teeth, 34-34; premaxillary
teeth, eight; vomerine teeth, 16-16 on two ridges which extend lateral
to choanae, the two series forming a median V-pattern. and separated
1. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
2. Department of Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
23
The Great Basin Naturalist
24 W. W. TANNER & ARDEN H. BRAME, JR. Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
medially by a distance equal to two teeth, separated from paravom-
erine teeth by a distance greater than diameter of choanae; para-
Fig. 1. Type of Magnadigita marmorea, BYU No. 17704. Top, roof of mouth
showing position, numbers of teeth and spacing. Middle, right hand, dorsal and
ventral views. Bottom, right foot, dorsal and ventral views. X 5.
May 27, 1961 salamander fuom Panama 25
vomerine teeth in one group of 161 teeth, narrowly separated posteri-
orly; mandibular teeth. 36-36; tongue free, no trace of a sublingual
fold; body subcylindrical. tail laterally com])ressed; skin smooth
ventrally and finely corrugated dorsally; no postiliac gland; and tail
constricted posterior to vent. First finger and toe fully webbed,
middle ones with the terminal two phalanges free, outer ones with
only one phalanx free; all digits with a subterminal pad ventral to
the first phalanx.
Measurements in mm. — Snout to anterior end of vent, 60.1;
total length, 130; fore leg, 16.2; hind leg. 17.0; axilla to groin, 35.3.
Color. — Entire dorsal surface a dark slate, marbled with a rusty
buff. Sides with large irregular blotches of yellowish (perhaps with
some buff in life) venter of abdomen and tail mostly slate black,
gular and throat a uniform dark gray.
Variation. — The largest specimen in the type series is a female,
CAS 79632, 68.6 mm. snout to posterior end of vent and with a total
length of 132.6 mm. The largest male. CAS 79625, is 65.5 mm.
snout to vent and with a total length of 128.8 mm. The males have
a large hedonic gland on chin, and prominent swellings at the base
of naso-labial groove. In adults the tail is slightly longer than the
head and body but in juveniles (BYU 17710-11) the tail is shorter
(33.2 S-V, total 58 mm.). Proportionate lengths of the front and hind
legs are nearly equal, but with the fore limbs slightly shorter. Ad-
pressed legs ranging from approximately one fold between toes to
an overlapping of the first phalanx, in others the toes touch. An age
variation in proportionate leg and body size is not apparent in this
series.
Costal grooves are usually thirteen, but in some specimens of the
BYU series it is difficult to count more than twelve grooves. In both
axilla and groin the grooves are faint or obscure, however, this has
been taken into consideration and questionable specimens have been
given an extra groove, the tail does not exhibit clearly the grooves. In
only three specimens is it felt that the count may be reliable. In these
the grooves range from 32-35. At the base and end a few grooves are
clearly discernible, but the middle section is usually obscure. First
groove on the tail forms a slight but obvious constriction.
Maxillary teeth range from 24-40 in all specimens over 50 mm.
in snout to vent length, with an average of 32. Premaxillary teeth
4-8; mandibular teeth, 30-36; vomerine teeth, 11-19, average 13.3.
In specimens with fewer than 26 teeth there is a reduction medially
producing a wider V-pattern pointing toward the paravomerines.
A full set of vomerines appears to be 14 to 16 teeth. Paravomerine
teeth appear as one group joined anteriorly and separated posteriorly
by a deep notch, range 135-181, average 164 teeth.
The basic ground color is dark slate to black. There are two ex-
ceptions: BYU 17703 is a rusty buff with only fine stipplings of
dark pigment: BYU 17706 is a yellowish cream with larger areas
of marbled dark color. Venters are usually dark with only small ir-
The Great Basin Naturalist
26 W. W. TANNER & ARDEN H. BRAME, JR. Vol. XXI, NoS. 1 & 2
regular light spots and niarblings. Both pair of appendages and the
tan are involved in the basic color pattern.
Remarks. — This species, as well as many other salamander spe-
cies from Central America, was taken from under rocks in the crater
of an old volcano. The genus Magnadigita, as well as other genera
of Plethodontidae, has been shown by the works of several Central
American collectors (E. R. Dunn, Karl Schmidt and E. II. Taylor)
to represent a widespread group of species in which through adaptive
radiation many of the ecological niches are now occupied by distinct
species. We suspect, therefore, that the marmorea is related not only
to subpalmata but also to other Costa Rican species such as pesrubra,
torresi and perhaps cerroensis.
LITERA rURE CITED
Slevin, Joseph R. 1946. A Visit to the Crater of the Volcan Chiri-
qui. Ilerpetologica, 3 (2): 62-3.
Walters, Vladimir. 1953. Notes on Reptiles and Amphibians from
El Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama. Copeia, 1953 (2): 125-7.
A NEW BEETLE MITE FROM UTAH
( Oribatci : ( iymnodamacidae )
Hnrolil G. Higgins'
Ilaninier (1952. Acta Arclica 4:27-28) described Gyninodaniaeus
ornatus from withered leaves collected at Reindeer Station in the
Mackenzie delta Northwest Territories, Canada. In recent years
another species of this genus has been found in decaying leaves from
several localities in Utah. This species is here described as Gyrn-
nodamcus reriornatus because the markings on the dorsal surface
superficial!}' resemble those of the previous species. Sincere thanks
are extended to Dr. Marie Hammer. Strodam, Hillerod, Denmark,
for comparing this new species with her Canadian species.
Gymnodarnacus veriornatus, n. sp.
Diagnosis. — Large size; color reddish-brown; dorsum with a pat-
tern of irregular ovals with roughened borders.
Description. — Propodosoms slightly wider than long, about one-
third the total length, and distinctly separated from the hysterosoma.
Rostrum blunt with four bristles in a straight line all of which curve
over the end of the rostrum. Pesudostigmata heavy, cup-shaped.
Pseudostigmatic organs about the same length as the distance be-
Fig. 1. Gymnodamaeus veriornalus ii. sp.. from dorsal aspect.
Fig. 2. Distal segment of leg I.
1. Granger High School. Salt Lake City. Utah.
27
The Great Basin Naturalist
28 HAROLD G. HIGGINS Vol. XXI, Nos. 1 & 2
tween them, becoming only slightly larger toward the tip and cov-
ered with fine hair-like bristles. Interlamellar hairs apparently miss-
ing. There are several heavy, curved chitin ridges between and an-
trior to the pseudostigmata as shown in Fig. 1 .
Hysterosoma oval, with three pair of setae near the distal margin.
The anterior pair of bristles is longest and curve slightly outward
over the posterior end of the body; the two posterior pairs of setae
much shorter and may be almost cemented to the posterior edge of
the body by a granular secretion. Several irregular groupings of
areae porosae are found along the anterior border of the hysterosoma
and in the vicinity of the setae. Dorsal surface with a distinct, but
irregular pattern of ovals with roughened borders.
Ventral surface of propodosoma and hysterosoma separated by
distinct chitin ridges. Camerostome oval. I'ectopedia I and II strong
and pointed. Genital and anal plates touching along their entire mar-
gin; genital plates nearly as wide as long, with flattened sides, and
about two-fifths the length of the larger anal plates. A heavy chitin
ridge lies just anterior to the genital plate and then curves distally
before extending to the region of legs IV.
Legs long, not conspicuously swollen. Leg IV about as long or
slightly longer than body, but much longer than leg I. Leg I with
distal tip of tibia projecting over tarsus; projecting tibia with two
long setae the longest of which extends beyond the end of leg. Legs
with three claws born on a stalk, the middle claw largest.
The entire body is covered with a veil of granular secretion.
Length of type, 0.93 mm.; width 0.54 mm. Five Utah specimens
have the following minimum, average, and maximum measure-
ments: Length, 0.84, 0.89, 0.93 mm.; width, 0.50, 0.52, 0.54 mm.
The type specimen was taken from decaying aspen leaves, Popii-
lus tremuloides, Farmington Canyon. Davis County, Utah, August 2,
1956, by J. R. Iliggins. Six additional specimens from Lost Lake,
Wasatch National Forest, Wasatch County, August 2, 1954.
Discussion. — Mites of this species have been found in decaying
deciduous leaves at several locations in Utah at elevations above
7,000 feet. In the small collection at hand, there appears to be con-
siderable individual variation in this species, especially in the length
of legs, dorsal patterns of hysterosoma and propodosoma. and size,
number, and location of areae porosae.
This species is easily separated from G. ornatus Hammer by its
larger size, completely touching genital and anal plates, propor-
tionally shorter pseudostigmatic organs, and its dorsal pattern with
roughened borders.
STUDIES IN NEARCTIC DESERT SAND DUNE
ORTHOPTERA
PART III. A NEW SPECIES OF CIBOLACRIS FROM
NORTHERN CHIHUAHUA. MEXICO
Ernest R. Tinkham^
In recent months two parts of my new series of studies have ap-
peared and in this third one I propose to describe a new arenicolous
acridid from the great Samalayuca Dunes of northern Chihuahua
and the El Paso region.
On a trip to southwestern Texas in June, 1948, I collected briefly
on the mcsquite-stabilized sand hummocks about 10 miles east of
El Paso (at that time) and some years later when studying this
material discovered that a new Cibolacris Hebard was represented.
Not until the third summer of ni}^ three-year summer grant with the
National Science Foundation to study the Desert Sand Dune Biotae
of the North American Deserts did an opportunity present itself to
search for additional material of the new species.
Unfortunately, in late June of 1959, I could find no trace of the
new Cibolacris in the mesquite hummock area east of El Paso, prob-
ably due to the drastic reduction of all Orthopteran life during the
terrible six-year West Texas drought. On the night of June 25, 1959,
I crossed into Chihuahua with my travelling companion, Mr. Ralph
Carbone. at Juarez.
During the morning reconnaissance on the semistabilized dunes
I found Dactylotum variegatum (not a dune acridid) and later a
small colony of the new Cibolacris. A study of this area indicated
dunes 40 to 50 feet in height about one mile south of La Noria.
These dunes extended to the northwest up a valley and also about
3 to 5 miles east of the highw^ay joined the main mass of the great
Samalayuca dunes. These commence about 3 miles east of Samala-
yuca (5 miles north of La Noria) and as a great mountain of sand
with six high peaks, estimated at 300 to 400 feet or inore, continue
southeasterly with their main axis parallel to the sierras, of unknown
name, some miles to the east. These dunes with the La Noria arm
form a "Y." The dunes have been formed by the winds that sweep
down these two valleys from the northwest (a mountain lies west
of the highway between La Noria and Samalayuca and divides
them) or by the hot w-inds that sweep up the valley from the south-
east. The sand is reddish and similar in color to that of the extensive
El Paso sand region. The Samalayuca Dunes are the greatest in
height, and perhaps in area, of all the sand dune areas to be found
in the Great Chihuahuan Desert of northeastern Mexico. Trans-
Pecos Texas and south-central and southeastern New Mexico.
As there were no side roads going into the main mass of the
higher Samalayuca dunes, which by binoculars looked pretty barren,
1. Indio, California.
29
The Great Basin Naturalist
30 ERNEST R. TINKHAM Vol. XXI, NoS. 1 & 2
I was content to collect on those of the La Noria arm and which
were traversed by the main highway going to Chihuahua City.
The dune vegetation at La Noria was not very interesting at that
time of the year before the summer rains commence, if they do.
Here and there were large scattered clumps of mesquite (Prosopis
juli flora Toreyana), scattered shrubs of Silver Sagebrush {Arte-
mesia filifolia and an overabundance of dead prickly Russian Thistle
which made collecting difficult.
Later, in mid September, 1959, after summer rains had fortu-
nately arrived, the reddish sand dunes were quite beautiful in their
greenery of growing plants. Then, there were tall clumps of the
grass Sporobolus, white-flowered primrose, orange-yellow flowered
flax or Linum, clumps of yellow flowered Psilotrophe and Baileya,
Croton sp., the blue-flowered Gilia longijlora, Atriplex sp., Sphaer-
alcea on which Tropidolophus jormosus was feeding, and other plants
as well as green mats of young Russian thistle everywhere.
Shortly after my collecting began on June 26, I was quite pleased
to find a small colony of the new grasshopper. The species was quite
localized and rare, inhabiting a sort of low depression in the gentle
undulating dunes covered with short dead Salsola. Considerable
search garnered a dozen males but only several females. Later, on
September 21, 1 male was taken 15 miles north of La Noria where
the small sand dunes first commence or about 18 miles south of El
Paso, these representing the northwestern tip of the main arm of the
Samalayuca Dunes.
Cibolacris samalayucae, n. sp.
Size of the new species smaller than Cibolacris parviceps (F.
Walker), the only known species; in size closely approximating
that of Coniana snoivi to which it bears no close relationship. The
form of the fastigium, pronotum, lateral lobes of the pronotum,
tegmina and spination of the caudal tibiae definitely prove the new
species to be a Cibolacris and not an ammophilous Heliastus which
it closely resembles in coloration.
From C. parviceps, the new series is amply distinct in the fol-
lowing features: uniform isabelline in coloration lacking the usual
black patches on the posterior portion of the pronotum, the tegmina
and caudal femora so typical of parviceps^ by the more impressed
lateral foveolae of the vertex and the fastigium, the greater rugosity
of the pronotum, the relatively more slender teeth of the caudal
tibiae and the delicate and more elongate calcariae and lesser fea-
tures as well.
Male. — Head with carinae of the occiput commencing about the
posterior three-quarters of the compound eyes and continuing for-
ward, parallel, to the posterior edge of the lateral foveolae of the
vertex where they suddenly converge in a straight line to a point,
meeting at the upper extremity of the frontal costa. From here they
diverge again to just above the median ocellus, continue parallel to
May 27, 1961 desert sand dune orthoptera
31
just below the niodian ocellus, thence diverging as they evanesce.
Eyes prominent, suhglohular, tyj)ical of the genus. Lateral carinae
of the face, distnict. percurrent, from innnediately below the lateral
ocelli to the clypeal margin. Antennae, short and typical.
Pronotum typical in fonn, cut trasversely by the principal sulcus
just cephalad of center, with another culcus arising just laterad and
cephalad of the median carina, and angling foi'ward to sharply and
finely cut the lateral margin of llie {)rozona about the posterior two-
fifths, thence extending straight downwards, to terminate below the
terminus of the main sulcus. The anterior half of the prozona bear
definite short lateral carinae. Posterior margin of the pronotum with
EXPLANATION OF PLATE
Cibolacris samalayucae, n. sp. Male holotype: 1, Lateral view of head and
pronotum; 2, view of head and pronotum; 3, Lateral view of calcariae of caudal
tibiae.
Cibolacris parviceps aridus (Br.). Chinati Mts., Presidio Co., Texas. Male:
4, Lateral view of head and pronotum; 5. Dorsal view of head and pronotum;
and 6. lateral view of calcariae of caudal tibiae.
All figures are greatly enlarged.
The Great Basin Naturalist
32 ERNEST R. TINKHAM Vol. XXI, NoS. 1 & 2
a rolled edge, slightly more than right-angled, the angle broadly
rounded. Lateral lobes of the pronotnm. typical, with the anterior
tooth well enlarged and strongly formed, the posterior angle of the
lateral lobes deep and circularly rounded, the lateral lobe as deep as
broad on the metazonal portion. Tegmina typical of the genus.
Legs very slightly more slender than in C. parviceps. The teeth
of the caudal tibiae relatively more slender and longer, and the
calcariae definitely longer and inore slender than in parviceps.
Coloration: very pale reddish gray; isabelline, with the tegmina
showing numerous small darkish spots covering one to three or four
cells. Wings very pale greenish yellow in the basal half without
trace of any banding; the apical 2/5th with the network of veins
black. There is a trace of pale smoky infuscation in the apical por-
tion of the w^ing centering around the cells of M2 and M3, first and
second Anals and the fourth and fifth Anals which are the areas
where the cell walls are black. All legs bear traces of minute grayish
specking. Caudal tibiae almost white with the faintest tinge of
purplish blue.
Holotype Male. — Chihuahua, Mexico, Samalayuca Dunes at
road station La Noria, 33 miles south of El Paso, Texas, June 26,
1959, Ernest R. Tinkham, collector. Glogau calliper measurements in
millimeters: body length 13.9; total length to apex of tegmen 18.0;
length to apex of caudal femur 15.2; pronotum 2.7 x 2.3 on meta-
zona; depth of lateral lobe of pronotum 2.0 x 1.9 in breadth; tegmen
14.6; caudal femur 8.7; antennae 4.8 mms. Holotype deposited in the
Tinkham Eremological Collection.
Female. — Larger but closely similar to the male in morphological
features except as follows: carinae. edging the lateral foveolae of
the vertex not as convergent to an apex as in the male, but some-
what separated at the apex before diverging to margin the frontal
costa. Pronotum with the metazona definitely more rugose than in
the male, otherwise closely similar to it in features. In all other
characteristics the female is closely similar to the male other than
in size which is larger and build more bulky.
Coloration as in the male, the dark patches on the tegmina most
conspicuous at the distal end of the middle cell and at the angulation
on the fore margin which in the closed tegmen is just above the base
of the caudal femur.
Allotype Female. — Same data as the Holotype. Calliper measure-
ments in millimeters: body length 23.4; length to tip of tegmen 26.2;
length to apex of caudal femur 21.7; pronotum 4.3 x 3.6 in breadth;
lateral lobes of the pronotum 3.5 x 2.5 in breadth; tegmen 21.4;
caudal femur 12.0 mms. Allotype deposited in the Tinkham Collec-
tion.
Paratype males. — 11 cT, same locality as the Holotype and same
date. 2 cf, mesquite-sand hummocks, 10 miles east of E] Paso, Texas,
June 12, 1948; 1 d", 18 miles south of El Paso on northwest arm of
Samalayuca dunes, Chihuahua, Mexico, Sept. 21, 1959; all Ernest
May 27, 1961 desert sand dune orthoptera 33
R. Tinkhani collector. Range in millimeters: body length 4.8 — 14.8;
length to ape.\ of tegmen 18.0 — 19.9; tegmen 14.2 — 16.5; caudal
femur 8-8—8.8; pronotum 2.8 x 2.2—2.9 x 2.3; lateral lobes 2.3 x
1.8 — 2.3 X 1.9 mms. Faratype males very closely similar to the
Holotype Male in every respect. The type locality series is very con-
stant in size and coloration; the two El Paso males are slightly larger
and redder and account for the size range as given above.
Paratype females. — 2 ? , same data as the Allotype. Range in
measurements in millimeters: body length 22.6 — 23.2 (apex of ab-
domen somewhat decurved); length to apex of tegmen 25.2 — 27.0;
tegmen 20.5 — 22.2; caudal femur 12.1 — 12.3; pronotum 3.9 x 3.5^ —
4.1 X 3.5 (measured under microscope); lateral lobes 3.2 x 2.5 —
3.2 x 2.8 mms. Paratypes identical to the Allotype in every respect.
Paratype males and two female Paratypes will be deposited in the
three major Orthopterological museums (Michigan, Philadelphia.
Smithsonian).
Orthopteran .''vssoci.-^tes: In June these consisted of Dactylotum
raricgatum Sc. (the onh' North American dunes where Dactylotum
found) and Arethaea semialata Rehn and Hebard. At night Am-
mohacnctcs phrixonenioides (Caudell) was taken on the low dunes.
In mid-September, after the summer rains, a new Orthopteran fauna
had appeared such as Tropidolophus formosus (Say) on the mallow
Sphaeralcea, Trimerotropis texana Bruner, Melanoplus aridus, Aeo^
loplides elegans on Atriplex canescerns, Schistoccrca shoshone
(Thomas), the stick insect Diapheromera v. velii (Walsh), Stagmo-
mantis limbata (Hahn) and S. calif ronica Rehn and ITebard. At
night Ammohaenctes, the sand treader w^as very rare, and at lantern
light came rarely the sand roach Arenivaga and Insara e. elegans
(Sc). Occauthus sp. and Gryllus assimilis (Fab.) were singing at
night.
REFERENCES
Tinkham, Ernest R.
1948. Faunistic and Ecological Studies on the Orthoptera of the
Big Bend Region of Trans-Pecos Texas, with especial ref-
erence to the Orthopteran Zones and Faunae of Midwest-
ern North America. Amer. Midland Nat., 40(3) :521-663,
37 figs.
1960. Studies in Desert Sand Dune Orthoptera. Part I. A New-
Species of Plagiostira from Eeastern New Mexico with
Key and Notes. Great Basin Nat.. 20 (1&2): 39-47. 10
figs.
1960. Studies in Neararctic Desert Sand Dune Orthoptera,
Part II. Two new species of the genus Trimerotropis from
the Utah Deserts. Great Basin Nat.. 20(3 & 4): 49-58.
6 figs.
The
■*ii)S. C05'P, Z(
4 191
Great Ba^m
Volume XXI October 2, 1961 No. 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A Review and Key of Nortii American Cinara (Homoptera:
Aphididae) Occurring on Picea. Illustrated. By F. C.
Hottes 35
Orthoptera Studies in Nearctic Desert Sand Dunes. Illustrated.
By Ernest R. Tinkham 51
A Check-list of the Species of Eleodes and Descriptions of New
Species (Coleoptera-Tenebrionidae) . Illustrated. By Vasco
M. Tanner 55
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DEC-4U
The Great Basin Naturalist
Published at Provo, Utah by
Brigham Young University
Volume XXI Oct. 2, 1961 No. 3
A REVIEW AND KEY OF NORTH AMERICAN CINARA
(HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) OCCURRING ON PICEA
F. C. Hottes'
This is the fourth of a series of papers on species of Cinara having
Coniferae for hosts. It is probably the last of the series, which I have
financed personally, and for which I am unwilling to sacrifice
further.
Cinara acadiana Hottes Fig. 1
Cinara acadiana Hottes. 1956. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington. 69: 63-64. figs,
(original description apterous viviparous female).
Holotype in the Canadian National Collection (apterous vivipa-
rous female.
Size range apterous viviparous females 2.92-3.15 mm.
Host Pice a glauca.
The genital plate of this species suggests that of an oviparous
female, but I find no sensoria on the metathoracic tibiae. The speci-
mens have been cleared, and show no embryos. The cornicles vary
greatly in size.
Cinara atripes Hottes Fig. 2
Cinara atripes Hottes. 1958. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 71: 7-8, figs. 6 (original
description apterous viviparous female).
Holotype. apterous viviparous female in U. S. National Museum.
Size range apterous viviparous females 1.67 - 2.25 mm.
I lost Picea glauca.
This species may be easily differentiated from other species in
this group by the uniformly dark tibiae.
Cinara bonica Hottes Fig. 3
Cinara bonica Hottes. 1956. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 69: 228-229, figs. 229
(original description apterous viviparous female).
Holotype apterous viviparous female in U. S. National Museum.
The host is not indicated on the type slide.
Size range apterous viviparous females 3.38 - 3.60 mm.
The host of this species is presumed to be Picea.
Cinara honita Hottes Fig. 4
Cinara bonita Hottes. 1956. Proc, Biol. Soc. Washington 69: 227-228, figs. 229
(original description apterous viviparous female).
HARvrtr
Grand Junttiun, Colorado
35
36
F. C. HOTTES
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
Fig. 1 . Cinara acadiana Hottes
Kic. 4. Cinara himilaW.
October 2, 1961 key to cinara occurring on picea
37
Pl.ATF. NO. II
Alafe Viv. (LEctotyPE)
Co.
Fig. 5. Cinara braggii (Gillette)
C, coiorQder\S's
Fig. 5b. C. coloradensis, C. caliginosa
Holotype apterous viviparous female in U. S. National Museum.
The host is not indicated on the type slide.
Size apterous viviparous females 5.675 mm.
The host of this species is presumed to be Picea. The second meta-
tarsal segment of this species is especially long.
Cinara braggii (Gillette) Fig. 5
Lachnus braggii Gillette, 1917, Ann. Ent. Soc. America 10: 138-10, figs, plate XI
(original descriptions of all forms).
Type in the U. S. National Museum.
38
F. C. HOTTES
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
PLATE NO. Ill
<^\ Apt )llv,
9 Vy//^//M
Fig. H. f7/;«r« (■(«/«/« i /.ctlcrstcilt
October 2, 1961 key to cinara occiirring on picea
39
I'l.AII NO, l\
Fig. P. Cinara rngchuannieniis (G&P.
/Sen.O-J o-
^fipt. V/V,'
Hd.Ti
Fig. 10. Cinara jornai Ilia \i.
Host species given by (iillette in original description as Picea
parryana which is a synonym of Picea pungens.
Size range apterous viviparous females 3.00 - 4.00 mm.
I have seen three sUdes frf)m the type series in the U. S. National
.Museum and all of the type material left in the Colorado collction.
As indicated by Palmer this species is very closely allied to C. gleh'na
(Essig) of which I have seen three slides of the original material.
40
F. C. HOTTES
PLATE NO. V
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
Alate ViV (Lectotype)
M.A.Palmer
Fig. 11. Cinara glehria (Essig.)
7MI
Genital ?]a ft
zo±
Fig. 1 2. Cinara hottest ( G&P. )
Igxorypfl , ^,
^A^S^^ '^^' .I7-./9 -2^
3JTa.J S'^^''^- ^'^""n
F'ig. 13. Cinara ji/runda H.
October 2, 1961 key to cinara occurring on picea 41
The two species seem to differ most in the color of the tibiae, the
pigmentation being more extensive and darker in gle/jna, and the
longer third antennal segment in hraggii, as well as the slightly
longer second metatarsal segment. I am not sure that the lengths
given for the fourth rostral segment hold in all cases.
I have taken what may be this species on Picea engelrnanni; on
these specimens metatarsal II is only .28 mm. long.
Cinara caliginosa 1 lottes Fig. 5a
Cinara caliginosa Hottes. 1961. The Great Basin Naturalist, 21: 17-19 original
descriptions apterous and alate viviparous females).
Holotype in collection of F. C. 1 lottes.
Host Picea engelrnanni.
Cinara color adcnsis (Gillette) Fig. 6
Lachnus coloradensis Gillette, 1917, Ann. Ent. Soc. America, 10: 133-134, pi. X
(original description of all forms).
Type in U.S. National Museum. Hosts given in original descrip-
tion as Picea parry ana and Picea engelrnanni. Palmer (1961) would
restrict the host to Picea pungens.
I have not seen the type of this species. I have seen all of the
remaining slides of the original material in the Colorado collection.
Not all of the specimens of this material are in good condition, but
they appear to me similar. All have the antennal segments compara-
tively short, all have the hairs on the cornicles, where they can be
seen, confined largely to a band, the hairs on the tibiae are squarely
cut at the apex.
I have seen other slides determined as coloradensis. They are to
say the least a heterogeneous lot. They differ greatly in size, in shape
of body, size of cornicles and distribution of hair on the cornicles,
and have longer antennal segments. They do have short squarely cut
hairs on the tibiae. All specimens determined as coloradensis lack
crisscrossing hairs along the transverse suture. I do not pretend to
know this species.
Cinara caudelli (Wilson) Fig. 7
Lachnidla caudelli Wilson, 1919. Canadian Ent. 51: 43-44 (original description
alate and apterous viviparous females).
Cinara caudelli. Palmer. 1945, Ann. Ent. Soc. America 38: 449-450 (redescribed
and illustrated from type slide).
Tyf)e in U.S. National Museum (recorded in original description
as U.S. Bureau of Entomology Collection). It is recorded as having
been taken on Spruce.
Size range recorded by Palmer 2.4 - 2.5 mm.
This species was keyed from the description by Palmer. I know
of no record except the original one.
Cinara costata (Zetterstedt) Fig. 8
.Aphis costata Zetterstedt. 1828. Insecta Lapponica. p. 599 (not seen) (original
description. Re-dcsrribed Insecta Lapponica 1840, p. 311. Apparently both
descriptions are of an alate viviparous female taken for a male).
42
F. C. HOTTES
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
PI.ATK NO. VI
Apt Viy. (Paratype)
Fig. 14. Cinaia mtiiiana Biadlev
/AlateViV. YHoloty.pe)
Fig. 15. Cinara ncpticula H
Fig. 111. I'iiiaia lutiihdta W.
October 2, 1961 key to cinara occurring on picea 43
Location of type not known.
1 Tost Picea excclsa^ Picea sp.
Size of specimens taken in Europe 4.52 mm.
The only specimens I know of from the United Slates were taken
in a city park in Tacoma. Washington. The tibiae of this species are
short, they are provided with long upstanding hairs. The alate has
pigmented areas on the wings. The pigmented areas anterior to the
Cauda are very wide.
Cinara engelmanniensis (Gillette and Palmer) Fig. 9
Lachnus engelmanniensis Gillette and Palmer. 1925 Ann. Ent. Soc. America 18:
527-530. figs. 528 plate XLIV (original description apterous viviparous
female, oviparous female, alate male).
Cinara engelmanniensis, Hottes, 1954. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 67: 260.
Description alate viviparous female. Hottes. 1955, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington
68:74 fig. alate viviparous female.
Type and morphotype in the U. S. National Museum.
Size range apterous viviparous females 2.25 - 2.70 mm.
Host Picea engelmanni.
The cornicles of this species are very distinctive, often they are
provided with an irregular pigmented area anteriorly, which as a
rule has several clear areas. I note no mesosternal tubercle. The
genital plate has the lateral margins more or less serrate, with long
hairs confined largely to the lateral regions.
I have never taken this species in colonies, but Palmer records
doing so. It show's a decided preference for branches of its host which
are close to the ground.
Cinara jornacula Hottes Fig. 10
Cinara fornacula Hottes, 1930, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 43:186 (original
description apterous viviparous female); Hottes. 1933, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash-
ington 46:1-4 (description stem mother, oviparous female, alate male);
Hottes. 1954, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 67: 258-259 (description alate
viviparous female); Hottes. 1955, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 68:74 figs, (of
all forms).
Type in collection of Prof. O. W. Oestlund. whose collection is
now in the collection of the University of Minnesota. Apparently it
is either lost or misplaced, a slide from the same collection is in the
U. S. National Museum. Morphotypes, and allotype in U. S. National
Museum.
Size apterous viviparous female 3.60 mm.
Host Picea engelmanni.
The mesosternal tubercle of this species is lacking.
I have never taken this species in colonies.
Palmer (1952) states that this species may be C. piceicola var.
viridescens (Cholodkovsky). Borner regards viridescens as a species,
I have material of it sent me by him. It differs from jornacula in the
much darker cornicles, shorter hairs on the tibiae, and shorter meta-
tarsal II. The two species may be separated at once by the shape of
the si.xtli antennal segment.
Cinara glefuia (Essig) Fig. 11
Lachnus glehnus Essig. 1915. Pomona Jour, of Ent. and Zoo. 7:180-187 (original
description, figs, alate and apterous viviparous females).
44
F. C. HOTTES
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
PLATE NO. VII
Fig. 1 7. Cinara obscura Bradley
A'g I /4pt. ViV, (HoLOTYPE)
Fig. 19. Cinara palmerae (Gillette)
October 2, 1961 key to cinara occurring on ficea 45
Lectotype in Collection of E. 0. Essig.
Host Picea glehni.
Size range apterous viviparous females 2.92 - 3.45 mm.
Apparently this species is known only from the original collec-
tion. As indicated under C. braggii the two species are closely allied.
Cinara hottesi (Gillette and Palmer) Fig. 12
Lachnus hottesi Gillette and Palmer. 1924. Ann. Ent. Soc. America 17:22-23,
pi. VI and VII (original description alate and apterous viviparous females);
Hottes, 1955, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 68: 75-76 (description ovipai-ous
female and apterous male, figs. 70).
Type, morphotype and allotype in U. S. National Museum.
Size range apterous \l'aparous females 2.5 - 3.8 mm.
Host Picea engelmanni.
The mesosternal tubercle of this species is poorly developed. The
tibiae are yellowish orange and have only the apices dusky, they are
in sharp contrast to the black body which has no pulverulence. The
male is characterized by having very few sensoria on the antennae.
Cinara jucunda Hottes Fig. 13
Cinara jucunda Hottes, 1958. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 71: 171-172 figs,
(original description apterous viviparous female).
Holotype apterous viviparous female in U.S. National Museum.
The host of this species as indicated on the type slide is either
Colorado or Blackhills spruce.
Size range 2.70 - 3.00 mm.
Cinara mariana Bradley Fig. 14
Cinara mariana Bradley, 1956, Canadian Ent. 88: 706-707 figs, (original descrip-
tion apterous and alate viviparous females).
Holotype apterous viviparous female in Canadian National Collec-
tion.
Host Picea mariana.
Size apterous viviparous female 2.00 mm.
Specimens of this species were not available for the construction
of the key.
Cinara nepticula Hottes Fig. 15
Cinara nepticula Hottes, 1958. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 71: 63-64 figs, (original
description alate viviparous female).
Holotype alate viviparous female in Canadian National Collec-
tion.
Host Picea rubens.
Size range alate viviparous females 3.45 - 3.60 mm.
This species kno'vn only from alate viviparous forms has been
keyed in such a nan.ier that it is thought that apterous females wall
apply.
Cinara nimbata Hottes Fig. 16
Cinara nimbata Hottes. 1954. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 67: 253-265 (original
description of all forms); Hottes, 1955, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 68: 72
figs, (all forms).
Holotype and other types in U. S. National Museum.
The Great Basin Naturalist
46 F. C. HOTTES Vol. XXI, No. 3
Host Picea engelmanni
Size range apterous females 3.76 - 4.22 mm.
Ihis species is one of the most easily determined species in this
group. The pigmentation of the tibiae is very characteristic, the dark-
er portions being more or less spotted. I have never taken it in col-
onies. I have seen specimens collected in Arizona and from western
Canada.
Cinara obscura Bradley Fig. 1 7
Cinara obscura Bradley, 1953. Canadian Ent. 85: 431-432 figs, (original descrip-
tion alate viviparous female).
Cinara enigma Hottes and Knowlton. 1954, Great Basin Naturalist 14: 11-13, figs,
(description apterous viviparous female).
Holotype alate viviparous female in the Canadian National Col-
lection.
Host Picea glauca.
Size apterous viviparous females 2.49 mm.
Specimens of this species were not available for the construction
of the key.
Cinara palUdipes Hottes Fig. 18
Cinara palUdipes Hottes, 1958. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 71: 8-10 (description
apterous viviparous female, apterous male, figs.).
Holotype and allotype in U. S. National Museum.
Host Picea glauca.
Size apterous viviparous females 2.18 mm.
Cinara palmer ae (Gillette) Fig. 19
Lachnus palmerae Gillette, 1917. Ann. Ent. Eoc. America 10: 135-137, figs,
(original description of all forms).
Type in U. S. National Museum.
1 lost Picea pungens. Palmer records it rarely on Picea engel-
manni.
Size range 3.5 - 4.00 mm.
This species is widely distributed in the United States and
Canada. Locally I have seen it a severe pest on nursery stock in the
spring and early summer, after which it migrates to the roots, as first
reported by Bradley. The mesosternal tubercle is about twice as
broad as long.
Cinara pilicornis (Hartig) Fig. 20
.Aphis pilicornis Hartig. 1841. Zeitschr. Ent. 3: 369 (original description apterous
female).
Type presumed lost.
I lost Picea excelsa. Picea sp.
Size apterous viviparous females. 3.00 mm.
This species has a number of synonyms, and has only recently
been known under the name pilicornis in America. It has been re-
corded under the names, piceicola (Cholodkovsky), hyalinus (Koch),
pinicola (Kaltenbach) as a rule in the genus Lachnus. Borner spells
the specific name pillicornis.
October 2, 1961 key to cinara occurring on picea
47
Fig. 20. Cinara pilirornis iH.)
,18 .17
I'ig. 1\. Cinara sill hrrisis \\
Fig. 22. Cinara soplada II.
Cinara rara Bradley
Cinara rara Bradley. 1956, Canadian Ent. 88: 708. figs. 707 (original description
oviparous female).
Holotype oviparous female in the Canadian National Collection.
Host Picea mariana.
Size oviparous female 2.78 mm.
Specimens of this species were not available for the construction
of the key.
Cinara sitchensis Hottes Fig. 21
Cinara sitchensis Hottes. 1958. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington. 71:61-62. figs, (origi-
nal description apterous viviparous female.
Holotype in the collection of E. O. Essig.
Host Picea sitchensis.
Size range apterous vivijjarous females 2.55 mm.
48
F. C. HOTTES
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
PLATE NO. IX
3i Tib. ^ \ X X X X ^ -XX ^^^^-
Fig. 23. Cinara vandykei (Wilson)
Cinara soplada Hottes Fig. 22
Cinara soplada Hottes, 1956, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 69:65-67, figs, (original
description apterous viviparous female); Hottes, 1958, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash-
ington, 71:10 (description alate male. fig. p. 6).
Holotype and allotype in U. S. National Museum.
Host Picea glauca.
Size apterous viviparous female 3.07 mm.
Cinara vandykei (Wilson) Fig. 23
Lachnus vandykei Wilson, 1919, Canadian Ent. 51: 19-20 (original description
alate and apterous viviparous females); Palmer, 1926. Ann. Ent. Soc. America
19: 317-319 (description of all forms, figs, plates 27 and 28).
Type in Granovsky collection (according to Palmer, 1952.)
Host Picea engelmanni.
Size range apterous viviparous females 2.5 - 3.00 mm.
This species produces the sexual forms early, hence it has to be
collected before the latter part of July or early August.
Key to apterous viviparous females of the genus Cinara (Family
Aphidae) which have Picea sp. for host.
1. Longest hairs on outer margin of metathoracic tibiae as
long as or longer than width of tibiae 2
Longest hairs on outer margin of metathoracic tibiae
shorter than width of tibiae 20
2. Dorsum of abdomen with two rows of well defined
pigmented areas C. engelmanniensis (Gillette and Palmer)
Dorsum of abdomen without two rows of well defined
pigmented areas 3
October 2, 1961 key to cinara occurring on picea 49
3. Hairs on tibiae coarse, almost spinelike, dark in color
C. nimbata Hottes
Hairs on tibiae not coarse, not almost spinelike, not dark
in color 4
4. Metathoracic tibiae uniformly pigmented 5
Metathoracic tibiae with at least apices darker than
middle 6
5. All tibiae uniformly dark brown C. atripes Hottes
Only metathoracic tibiae uniformly dark brown
C. rara Bradley
6. Cornicles concolorous with abdomen C. jornacula Hottes
Cornicles darker than abdomen 7
7. Metatarsal II .50 mm C. bonita Hottes
Metatarsal II not over .45 mm 8
8. Metatarsal II .31 mm. or less 11
Metatarsal II .32 mm. or more 9
9. Antennal IV without sensoria C. bonica Hottes
Antennal IV with at least one sensorium 10
10. Cornicles not over .30 mm., metatarsal II .35 - .43 mm.
C. pilicornis (Hartig)
Cornicles not under .30 mm., metatarsal II not over
.33 mm C. braggii (Gillette)
11. Metathoracic tibiae 1.70 mm. or more 12
Metathoracic tibiae 1.65 mm. or less 15
12. Hairs on metathoracic tibiae .12 - .17 mm.
C. palmerae (Gillette)
Hairs on metathoracic tibiae not over .12 mm 13
1 3. Base of cornicles .55 - .60 mm. .. C. hottest (Gillette and Palmer)
Base of cornicles .30 - .50 mm 14
14. Rostral IV .16 mm C. vandykei (Wilson)
Rostral IV .22 - .23 mm C. nepticula Hottes
15. Hairs on metathoracic tibiae .15 - .20 mm.
C. costata (Zetterstedt)
Hairs on metathoracic tibiae .15 mm. or less 16
16. Hairs on metathoracic tibiae .10 or more 19
Hairs on metathoracic tibiae .10 or less 17
17. Antennal V .20 - .25 mm C. vandykei (Wilson)
Antennal V not over .18 mm 18
18. Hairs on metathoracic tibiae .06 - 07, hairs on cornicles
not uniformly distributed C. pallidipes Hottes
Hairs on metathoracic tibiae .06 - .90, hairs on cornicles
uniformly distributed C. sitchensis Hottes
19. Metatarsal II .22 - .28 mm., Antennal IV .09 - .15 mm.
C. mariana Bradley
Metatarsal II .30 mm.. Antennal IV .15 mm. .. C. glehna (Essig)
The Great Basin Naturalist
50 F. C. HOTTES Vol. XXI, No. 3
20. Unguis .03 mm. or less 21
Unguis more than .04 mm 22
21. Antennal IV not over .15 mm., rostral IV not over .16
mm C. obscura Bradley
Antennal IV .15 - .20, rostral IV .19 mm C. jucunda Hottes
22. Base of cornicles not over .35 mm 23
Base of cornicles over .35 mm. 25
23. Rostral IV .28 mm or more C. acadiana Hottes
Rostral IV not over .25 mm 24
24. Rostral IV .23 - .25 mm C. coloradensis (Gillette)
Rostral IV .17 mm C. caudelli (Wilson)
25. Metatarsal II .29 mm C. soplada Hottes
Metatarsal II .33 mm. or more 26
26. Dorsum of head with few hairs, almost none along trans-
verse suture C. coloradensis (Gillette)
Dorsum of head with numerous hairs, hairs crisscrossing
over transverse suture C. caliginosa Hottes
ORTHOPTERA
STUDIES IN NEARC lie DESERT SAND DUNES
Part IV. A new Trimerotropis from the dunes of eastern
New Mexico
Ernest R. Tinkham'
The new species of Trimerotropis, herein described, was found on
the Mescalero Sands during the author's investigations on the Dune
Riotae of the Great Chihuahuan Desert as a Grantee of the National
Science Foundation, 1957-1960. These dunes have been more fully
discussed in Part I of this study and the interested student is referred
to that paper. Description of the new subspecies follows:
Trimerotropis citrina neomexicana n. subsp.
Differs from typical material of T. citrina from the type locality
(Dallas, Texas) and from areas west to the Rio Grande in New
Mexico and north to Nebraska by its larger size, plain isabelline
tegmina which lacks the agglomeration of fasciculi typical of citrina
and by the definite enlargement of the dental area on the posterior
angle of the lateral lobes of the pronotum (see figures). Such en-
largement of the posterior lobe seems especially developed in areni-
colus species of Trimerotropis and present as great projections in the
recently described T. agrestis gracewileyae and T. a. barnumi of
Utah dunes. It is also obsei-i'ed in T. strenua and especially the
nymphs of T .arenacea Rehn of the Winnemucca dunes of northern
Nevada. Additional morphological features of differentiation are: the
more carinate median carina of the pronotum. more definite lateral
carinae on the metazona of the pronotum, the more arcuate curving
black band on the wings, which in citrina, especially the males,
crosses the wing quite transversely giving the band a somewhat angu-
lar form. Also, the Cubitus and First Anal veins are yellow through-
out, thus dividing the band into two sections in the new form. In
addition, the carinae of the dorsal portions of the head seem more
definite and there is usually a suggestion of a median carina of the
fastigium. All these features should serve to amply distinguish this
new handsome race.
Male. — Fastiguimu gently declivent, rounding into the frontal
costa, with strongly defined lateral carinae commencing centrally
between the compound eyes, slightly divergent forward to near the
front margin of the eyes, thence convergent and gently arcuate, in
almost a straight line, to the frontal costa whereas in citrina these
carinae are somewhat irregular in the proximity of the lateral foveo-
lae. Median foveolae gently impressed, median carina of the fastigium
slightly indicated. Lateral foveolae well indicated, carinate on the
two front margins, rather open behind. Frontal costa gently and
evenly divergent from just above the antennal scrobes to near the
clypeal margm where they evanesce. Eye typical and subprominent.
1 . Indio, California
51
The Great Basin Naturalist
52 ERNEST R. TINKHAM Vol. XXI, No. 3
Antennae long, their apices extending to the bases of the caudal
femora. Pronotuni with median carina well defined especially on the
prozona, less defined on the metazona; in profile rather flat or
straight and notched by the principal sulcus at about the anterior
2/6th. the second sulcus almost central on the prozona thus produc-
ing bilobation, the anterior lobe of which is slightly the longest.
Shoulders of the metazona with definite lateral carinae which extend
posteriorly for one half the length of the metazonal shoulders and
only very slightly divergent caudally. Process of the metazona
slightly acute-angled and well rounded, the margins rolled and
slightly concavely arcuate. Lateral lobes of the pronotum deeper
than broad, the anterior and posterior margins parallel (this feature
distinguishing neomexicana, new subspecies from the newly de-
scribed T. agrestis gracewileyae and T. a. burnumi which have these
margins slightly divergent ventradly), the inferior margin of the
posterior angle with a large dentate projection which is an important
character distinguishing neomexicana from citrina.
Coloration: whitish gray with scattered rust spots on head and
pronotum reddish brown, thoracic sternites and abdomen tinged with
yellow. Tegmina isabelline with principal veins brownish and net-
work of veins whitish with dark brown cells in anterior two-thirds,
posterior third (dorsal area in closed tegmina) brow^nish yellow.
Wing disc yellow with strongly arcuate black band terminating at
anal 14., the cubitus area is yellow throughout separating off the
marginal area whereas in citrina the band is entire.
Apical portion of the wing hyaline with the veins of Anal 1 and 2
blackish while in citrina the blacking of veins in the apical portion
is more considerable. Caudal femora whitish on the outer pagina
with barely a trace of any dark fasciation which in citrina is quite
definite and prominent; inner pagina deep coral red with three
small blackish areas located as follows: the basal patch on the central
two-fifths, an apical genicular area and a small intermediate spot.
Lower sulcus deep coral red. Caudal tibiae deep coral red with the
spines tipped with black and the external basal third with a whitish
cloud area.
Male Holotypc: Mescalero Sands. 44 miles east of Roswell, New
Mexico on Highway #380, east margin of dunes, 12-13 September,
1959, Ernest R. Tinkham. Glogau Calliper measurements in milli-
meters; body length 26.9; length to apex of tegmen 36.5; pronotum
5.9 X 3.3 at shoulders; lateral lobes of {)ronotum 4.5 x 3.5 in breadth;
tegmen 30.5; caudal femur 14.2 mm. Type deposited in the Tinkham
Eremological Collection.
Female: much larger llian male, fastigium relatively broader but
otherwise similar. Pronotal features similar but median sulcus
notching shallow. Lateral carina of metazona more defined than in
male and tooth on inferior margin relatively larger. Tegmina and
oviposter typical of genus.
Coloration: closely similar to the male, the breadth of the black
October 2, 1961 orthoptera of nearctic sand dunes
53
wing band sliglitl}' more than l/5th the length of tlie wing and
about equal to one-half the breadth of the disc.
Female Allotype: same locality as the Ilolotype but collected
16-17 July. 1959. Measurements in millimeters: body length 34.6;
length to apex of tegmcn 48.0; pronotum 7.5 x 5.8 in breadth at the
shoulders; lateral lobes of the pronotum Q.7 x 4.7 in breadth; tegmen
39.5; caudal femur 19.5. Allotype in the Tinkham Eremological
Collection.
Male paratypes: 8, 6 from the same locality and date as the
Ilolotype. 2 cfs from Monohans Sand Hills State Park on July 7
and Sept. 14, 1959. Range in measureinents in millimeters: body
length 26.8 — 31.2; length to apices of tegmina 33.0 — 39.9; Pronotum
3.9 — 4.9 x 4.1 to 4.5; lateral lobes of the pronotum 4.3 — 5.0 x 3.2 x
3.9 in breadth; tegmina 28.0 — 33.3; caudal femora 15.4 — 16.2 mm.
Paratypes will be deposited in the major orthopterological collections
in United States. Paratypes very closely similar to the Holotype with
very slight individual variations in the straightness of the lateral
carinae of the fastigium and the development of the lateral carinae
on the shoulders of the metazona of the pronotum.
Female paratypes: 14. 12 from the same locality as the Allotype
but collected Sept. 12-13, 1959; I female paratype same date and
locality as the Allotype; 1 female from the red sand dunes 11 miles
south of Hobbs, New Mexico, 1 female from Manahans Sand Hill
State Park, Sept. 14. 1959; 2 females same location July 7, 1959.
Range in measurement in millimeters: body length 35.5 — 39.0;
length to apices of tegmina 41.4 — 48.5; pronotum 6.2 — 7.8 x 4.8 —
5.2; lateral lobes of the pronotum 6.5 — 6.2 x 3.8 — 4.7; tegmina 34.6
— 39.6; Caudal femora 16.9 — 19.8 mm. Female Paratypes deposited
in the major orthopterological collections and the Tinkham collec-
EXPLANATION OF FIGURES
Trimerotropis citrina neomexicana n. subsp. Lateral view of pronotum of
Allotype Female. Mescalero Sands, Chaves Co., New Me.xico.
Trimeratropis c. neomexicana n. subsp. Lateral view of head and pronotum
of Holotype Male. Mescalero Sands. Chaves. Co.. New Me.xico.
Trimerotropis citrina Scudder. Lateral view of head and pronotum of Male
from Dallas. Texas, the Type Locality.
All drawings on the same scale and greatly enlarged. Figures 1. 2. and 3.
The Great Basin Naturalist
54 ERNEST R. TINKHAM Vol. XXI, No. 3
tion. Paratype females identical to the Allotype in every respect.
Orthopteran Associates: The orthopteran associates of T. c. neo-
mexlcana are many because the Mescalero Sands support the rich-
est orthopteran fauna of all the numerous sand dune areas of the
North American Deserts. The most intimate associates are Sphara-
gemon collare cristatuni in the blow-outs and more rarely T. p. salina
and Xanthippus montanus and X. corallipes.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
McNeill. Jerome
1901. Revision of the Orthopteran Genus Trimerotropis. Proc.
USNM, 23(1215): 393-449, pi. 21.
rinkham. Ernest R.
1947. New Species, Records and Faunistic Notes Concerning
Orthoptera in Arizona. American Midland Naturalist,
38 (1 ) : 127-149, 4 pis with 32 figs.
1959. Notes on the Self-burial habits of two Nearctic Sand Dune
Acridids (Orthoptera). The Entomologist, London, 92
(1156): 185-188, Fig. 5.
1960. Studies in Nearctic Desert Sand Dune Orthoptera. Part I.
A New Species of Plagiostira from eastern New Mexico
with Key and Notes. Great Basin Nat. 20(1 & 2) : 39-47,
10 figs.
1960. Studies in Nearctic Desert Sand Dune Orthoptera. Part II.
Two New Grasshoppers of the Genus Trimerotropis from
the Utah Deserts. Great Basin Nat., 20(3 & 4): 49-58,
6 figs.
A CHECK-LIS r OF THE SPECIES OF ELEODES
AND DESCRIP riONS OF NEW SPECIES
(COLEOPTERA-TENEBRIONIDAE) '
Vasco M. Tanner
Introduction
Prior to the publication of the monumental contribution, "A
Monographic Revision of the Coleoptera Belonging to the Tene-
brionidae Tribe Eleodiini Inhabiting the United States, Lower Cali-
fornia and Adjacent Islands," in 1909 by Frank E. Blaisdell, Sr.,
approximately 90 species of this tribe had been described from
America North of Mexico. It was Dr. Blaisdell's interest and critical
work that has made known this important and conspicuous Coleop-
terous fauna of the South-Western United States. He described 125 of
the 233 species and subspecies of the tribe Eleodini as included in the
check-list of this study.
Dr. Blaisdell, in his monograph, instituted a nomenclatural de-
parture that of considering specimens of a series which showed a
constant variation from the typical specimens of the species as a
forma. In explanation of this procedure the following is quoted:
"Furthermore, in order to systematically deal with their many
minor degrees of divergencies exhibited by individuals that are pre-
sumably the progeny of parents specifically or racially identical, I have
deemed it conservative and scientific to recognize incipient races and
incipient subraces. In accordance with this view I have used the name
forma to make it possible to relatively define aggregations of individuals
possessing some particular or salient characteristic; it is believed that
these divergent characters have arisen through local or general climatic
or environmental conditions acting upon the progeny of parents spe-
cifically or racially identical.
"In other words, the several formae enumerated under Eleodes
dentipes may arise from eggs deposited by a single typical female, un-
der the influence of climatic, geographical or environmental conditions
capable of producing such divergencies.
"A Latin name has been used to express the salient characteristic of
any given forma and these characteristics may be similar for each
species or variety. A species or variety may have smooth and rough,
short and elongate, small and large, caudate or ecaudate forms, conse-
quently a repetition of Latin names is called for.
"These terms are absolutely synonymous with the specific or
varietal terms and must not be perpetuated as distinct grades, but simply
used as an aid in recording date, and as a compromise between unscien-
tific lumping or splitting, or the difference between 47 and 400 species.
"Logically the present treatment ought not to seriously collide with
the rules of the International Code governing nomenclature."^
In spite of Dr. Blaisdell's pronouncement, Mr. Leng, in 1920,
listed in the "Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, North of
Mexico," the formae as contained in Blaisdell's Monograph. There
has been some confusion and misunderstanding as to the status of
1. Contribution No. 177. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Brigham Young University,
Provo, Utah.
2. Blaisdell, Frank E. 1909. Preface, p. v-vii.
55
The Great Basin Naturalist
56 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
the formae. This is due mainly to the fact that Dr. Blaisdell elevated
several of the formae to higher rank. By 1925, he had published
descriptions for many of the formae, elevating them to species or
subspecies rank. In his "Studies in the Tenebrionidae No. 2, 1925b
he has the following to say about his stand in this matter:
"In the mass of heterogeneous material upon which I based my
monograph, there were numerous instances in which the specimens were
too few for a correct and definite understanding of the relationships; as
a result, many subspecies and races were not recognized and unwittingly
considered as forma, not wholly from ignorance in many cases, but
more truly as acts of conservatism. I having believed it to be more logical
and truthful to raise than to lower a grade, whenever more positive data
warranted it.
"The raising of certain forms to a definite grade does not invalidate
the conception of such intra-specific groups, for even then the specific
aggregates will be made up of variants, as no two individuals of any
species can be exactly alike as regards to size, form, sculpturing and
color, no matter how much restricted taxonomically.
"In 1909 I presented the conception of forms as a means of directing
attention to the variation within specific units so as to make them objects
of research. I advised that forms should not be given a place in a check-
list, for on the face of the matter they are absolute synonyms according
to the author and from the standpoint of taxonomj'."
The fact that Dr. Blaisdell, by 1925 had described many
of the formae listed in his monograph, as species or subspecies is
clearly brought out in his paper: "Revised Check-List of the Species
of Eleodes Inhabiting America, North of Mexico. Including Lower
California and Adjacent Islands, 1925c." In this study he points out
that: "This list is intended to replace the one given by Leng in the
"Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, North of Alexico." Ref-
erences are given for the species and phases not given in the Leng
Catalogue. This list includes 106 species. 67 subspecies, and 12
varieties.
He further comments, "In my Monograph of the Eleodiini (Bulle-
tin 63, United States National Museum) no attempt was made to
designate subspecies. In the present list this has been done, based on
more recent observations."
In 1916 the writer began making a collection of Tenebrionidae.
This year and 1917 Eleodes hispilahris subsp. sculpt His Blais. was
abundant in the dry land Turkey Red wheat field at Indianola, San-
pete Co., Utah. Associated with this species was E. obscura sulcipennis
Mann. Large areas, 50 to 100 yards in diameter, throughout the
wheat fields were killed by the larvae of these beetles. Specimens of
these same species were collected in 1916 at Zion National Park,
St. George, and Parowan. Utah, and Fredonia, Arizona. In 1920 I
began corresponding, submitting specimens for determination, and
exchanging specimens with Dr. Blaisdell. I soon found him to be
most prompt and generous wdth a beginning collector and student
of Entomology. During the intervening years until his death July 6,
1946, we carried on an exchange of specimens, which resulted in my
building up a fairly complete collection of most of the species and
subspecies of the genus Eleodes. From 1926 until 1939 I collected in
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 57
most all parts of Utali and some contiguous states. In 1927-28, some
specimens closely related to Eleodes pilosa were collected in South
Eastern and Western Utah. Some of these specimens I submitted to
Dr. Blaisdell for his identification.
He reported that these specimens represented a new species and
that he intended to describe them. Unfortunately, he never pub-
Ushed a description of this species, nor of several formae^ which
he intended to raise to subspecies.
For the past few years I have been arranging the speci-
men of Tenebrionidae in my collection and have decided to report
on the species of the subgenera Tricheleodes and Pseudeleodes.
Through the kindness of Mr. Hugh Leech of the California Academy
of Sciences, I have received by loan specimens mentioned above
which Dr. Blaisdell had studied.
In this study an attempt has been made to bring together in one
article keys for the separation of the genera of the Eleodini and the
subgenera of the genus Eleodes. Two new species are described and
drawings of four related species are included. An up to date check-
list of the species of the genus Eleodes forms an essential part of this
study.
Acknowledgments
I wish to acknowledge the many kindnesses shown to me by
past and present members of the staff of the Department of Ento-
mologv of the California Academv of Sciences: Drs. Frank E. Blais-
dell. Edwin C. Van Dyke, Edward Ross, R. E. Miller and Mr. Hugh
B. Leech who have cooperated in many ways with the writer while
studying at various times at the Academy. Mr. Owen Bryant liber-
ally contributed, to me, of his specimens of Tenebrionids. Dr. Ira La
Rivers and Mr. Ted Spillman have been helpful in furnishing speci-
mens. The staff and students of the Department of Zoology and
Entomology at Brigham Young University have been helpful in
collecting and making available Tenebrionidae from many parts
of Utah. To all the above I express my thanks.
Cl.assific.^tion of the Eleodini
The accepted classification of the Tenebrionidae under considera-
tion here, according to Dr. Blaisdell 1939. is as follows:
The family Tenebrionidae may be recognized and separated from
other Heteromera Coleoptera as follows:
Front and middle tarsi five-jointed; the hind tarsi four-jointed.
Anterior coxal cavities closed behind ventral abdominal segments
five, in part connate.
Tarsal claw; simple, the ponultiinatc joint of the tarsi not spongy
beneath.
V Only fiirmae described and published since 1909. by Blaisdell or other workers, are included
in this checklist, .^s this writer interprets the 1959 nomendatural rules, the fomiae of Blaisdell's
monograph. 19U9, do not fulfill the requirements of the rules, and they are, therefore, not con-
sidered as valid subspecies.
The Great Basin Naturalist
58 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
SUBFAMILY ELEODINAE BLAIS. 39-49
This subfamily replaces Blaptinae which is based upon Blaps,
a European genus. Blaisdell contends that: "The members of a sub-
family should consist of those species that have descended from a
common ancestral form. That being the case, the tribe Eleodini as
now considered as (is) in no way closely related to the Blaptinae
{Blaps of Europe, etc.), but belong to the subfamily Eleodinae, the
members of which have had their origin in Western North America,
in the Sonoran Regions of the United States and Mexico."
Tribe Eleodini (Eleodiini) Blais. 1909
The tribe Eleodini is confined to Lower California and adjoining
islands; Northern Mexico and South Western United States. In 1943,
Dr. Blaisdell recorded twenty-five species and subspecies from lower
California. In this study, forty-six species and subspecies are reported
as occurring in Utah.
Dr. Ira La Rivers, 1948, p. 98. has proposed a Key for the Genera
comprising the Eleodini. He considers Neobaphion a subgenus of
Eleodes, and that the "subtribal segregation on the basis of morphol-
ogy is further reflected in the habits of the units involved. The
Eleodina are wanderers, Trogloderus semi-fossorial and Lariversius
markedly fossorial and restricted to arenaceous areas."
KEY TO THE GENERA OF ELEODINI
1. Sides of the epistoma not dilated 2
(a) Sides of the epistoma moderately dilated, mar-
gin arcuate Trogloderus
(b) Sides of the epistoina distinctly dilated; margin
of lobes slightly reflexed and rather promi-
nent, surface rather densely punctate,
central part of surface, slightly convex
Lariversius
2. Epipleura attaining the humeral angles, broader at base,
more or less gradually narrowing to apex 3
Epipleura very narrow, not attaining the humeral
angles -. Embaphion
3. Epijileura occupying only a part of the inflexed portion
of the elytra; buccal processes of the genae not produced ..-. 4
Epipleura occupying the whole of the inflexed portion of
the elytra; buccal processes of the genae acutely
produced Eleodimorpha
4. Front margin of anterior femora feebly laminate in each
sex; the anterior tibial spurs dissimilar in the sexes;
tarsi similar in the sexes; elytral disc flattened
Neobaphion
Not with the above combination of characters Eleodes
Tjenus Eleodes Eschscholtz
Tile family Tcnebrionidae is one of the largest families of beetles
in Am(>rica North of Mexico. It is represented by 1440 described
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 59
species and subspecies of which 210 belong to the genus Eleodes.
Species of this genus are connnonly met with in the Great Basin
region and contiguous states. The large size of most of the species,
their apterous condition, their presence as ambulators on the desert
sands and open areas makes of them familiar insects to most of man-
kind in this South Western Country. Their food is principally dry
vegetable matter and fungi, however, the larvae, false wireworms,
of some species of Eleodes do considerable damage due to their feed-
ing on the roots of grains and grasses. Hibernation takes place in the
adult or partly grown larval stage. The females lay their eggs in the
soil, which under favorable condition hatch in about four months.
Pupation takes place in the soil, lasting from two to three weeks.
When the adults emerge, they mate and late summer eggs are laid.
The larvae hatching from these eggs hibernate in a partly grown
stage.
Some of the distinguishing characteristics possessed by all species
of Eleodes are: Mentum trilobed, middle lobe larger and convex;
apical joint of labial and maxillary palpi triangular; suture between
epistoma and front distinct; eyes reniform; antennae with eleven
segments, the last three usually compressed. Prothorax variable in
shape and sculpture, in some species prolonged into a cauda behind;
epipleura distinct. Legs fairly long, femora not strongly clavate, in
some species armed in one or both sexes with teeth; tarsi usually
chanelled and setose beneath. Spurs of the middle and hind tibiae
well developed.
A key to the species of Eleodes cannot be included in this paper,
due to a lack of the completion of a study of the genitalia and speci-
mens of several rare species. Dr. Blaisdell's classification and sys-
tematic conclusions as to the fine points which separate a species
and subspecies of this genus were based upon his knowledge of the
genitalia and morphology of these insects.
Few students of this group pay the price of becoming informed
on the morphology of the genital structures. Until this is done,
changes and synonymizing of taxa of this group will be hazardous.
It is hoped that the key to the subgenera of Eleodes, along with
an up to date checklist, additional distribution data, and a listing of
pertinent literature on the group will be of help to those who deal
with this Tenebrionid tribe.
SYNOPSIS OF THE SUBGENERA OF THE GENUS ELEODES
(Blais. 09-35 with additions)
"The subgeneric divisions of the genus Eleodes Esch. constitute
groups of species possessing certain characters which differentiate
them from each other. The subgenus Blapylis Honi is based on the
tarsal pubescence and correlated genital characters. Hie subgeneric
specific units, by differential characters fall naturally into groups;
these are named after the species which have priority in description
and publication." Blais. 35-29.
Anterior femora at least, armed in both sexes (except in
The Great Basin Naturalist
60 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
caudifera and longipilosa where the teeth are abor-
tive) Eleodes
Anterior femora armed only in the male or mutic.
Anterior tibial spurs dissimilar in the sexes; femora
mutic Melaneleodes
Anterior tibial spurs similar in the sexes.
Tarsi similar in the sexes, or nearly so.
Middle lobe of the mentum large, lateral lobes
rudimentary, invisible without dissection; an-
terior tarsi with first joint more or less slightly
thickened at tip beneath; anterior femora armed
or sinuate Discogenia
Middle lobe of the mentum small; anterior tarsi
comparatively simple beneath, groove entire.
Lateral lobes of the mentum fully exposed; sculp-
turing comparatively simple; femora mutic .. Metablapylis
Lateral lobes moderately exposed; species opaque
to shining; elytra tuberculate; anterior femora
not sinuate, mutic Pseudeleodes
Anterior tarsi dissimilar in the sexes.
Species pubescent throughout.
Hairs long and flying; femora mutic; anterior
tarsi with first joint scarcely produced ventro-
apically. ventro-apical spinules noticeable pro-
duced in the female, not so in the male; plantar
grooves distinct Tricheleodes
Hairs short, yellowish and recumbent; form oval,
opaque, subdepressed Heteropromus
Species not usually pubescent, rarely so.
Form elongate, usually large; first joining of the an-
terior tarsi slightly thickened at tip beneath, bearing
a small transverse tuft of yellowish or brownish
modified spinules which interrupt the groove in the
male; simple in the female Steneleodes
Form elongate subfusiform to subovate facies resem-
bling that of a small Eleodes {Steneleodes) longi-
collis Lee. Elytra somewhat depressed to moderately
convex. Color black, surface more or less polishea,
punctation fine, not muricate. Profemora mutic,
briefly sinuate beneath at apex. Protarsi and meso-
tarsi of male with tufts of golden or fulvous pube-
sence, female with protarsi less thickened beneath
Holeleodes
Form ovate or fusiform; the first one or two joints of an-
terior tarsi in the male more or less thickened and
sometimes flattened beneath, densely clothed with
fine pubescence; tarsi simple and unmodified in the
female; anterior femora armed or mutic .-. Promus
Form short ovate, moderate in size to small, robust
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 61
(elongate and depressed in tibialis.) ; anterior tarsi of
the male with first two or three joints feebly thick-
ened at tip beneath and clothed with dense silken or
brownish pubescent tufts, obhterating the groove;
joints simple with grooves entire in female; femora
mutic Blapylis
Form moderately elongate oblong-ovate, more or less de-
presssed and subalobatoid in facies. Color black to
piceous; luster dull to more or less shining. Protarsi
and mesotarsi with tufts or pads of yellowish pube-
scence on the apices of the segments beneath, vary-
ing in the species Arpeleodes
Form ovate, moderate in size, less robust; first joint of
the anterior tarsi more or less thickened and slightly
more prominent ventrally than the others, pube-
scent tuft variable, most evident in extricata; in the
male first joint with a minute tuft of silken pube-
scence at tip beneath Litheleodes
SUBGENUS TRICHELEODES BL-MS. 09-138
As indicated above keys to the species of the subgenera except
Tricheleodes and Pseudeleodes are not contained in this study. The
two new species described below necessitated working with the
species of the subgenera mentioned above. The genitalia of most of
these species have been studied. The spermatheca is an interesting
and valuable structure in making separation of genera and species.
The five species of this subgenus may be separated as follows:*
I. Larger species (11.0 to 16.5 mm. in length)
a. Setae of the pronotum and elytra distinctly unequal
in length, slightly bristly, denser along the margins;
pronotum widest at or before the middle, disc con-
vex, punctures irregular, confluent; elytra surface
with dense, irregular, small tubercles, from which
issue erect black flying hairs. Length 11 to 14.5 mm.
pilosa Horn
b. Setae of the pronotum and elytra sparse, denser be-
low the elytral declivity, on elytra, setae arise from
the lee side of large spherical tubercles; pronotum
rugose, due to irregular, rather deep punctures;
elytra with large shiny tubercles, surrounded with
smaller ones. Length 12.6 to 15.5 mm. Fig. 1
leechi, n. sp.
c. Setae of the pronotum and elytra, not conspicuous,
short; pronotum not deeply punctured, asperate like
the elytra with small setigerous muricate tubercles.
4. The figures \os. 1 -9 portray many of the characters which may be useful in separating the
species of the subgenera Trichaleodes and Pseudeleodes.
62
VASCO M. TANNER
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
Length 12.8 mm. Fig. 2 spoliata Blais.
11. Smaller species (6.0 to 10 mm. in length)
a. Setae of the pronotum and elytra shorter, softer;
Fig. 1. Eleodes leechi Tanner, n. sp.
5. I am most grateful t(i Mr. Hiigli B. I.eeih for tlie permissiun to study this unique type
spt'iimen. Dr. Blaisdell (oiimienled as follows on tins speiies:
"The single specimen has been at hand for about nineteen years waiting for other specimens to
be secured. It is a very distinct spci ies and should follow pilosa Morn in our lists, as a member of the
subgenus Trichelcodes. In spoliata the body is clothed witli short setae and not long hairs as in
pilosa; in the latter species the jironotuni is sculptured with large shallow and more or less eroded
punctures, while in spoilata the pronotum is asperate like the elytra, from small setigerous muricate
tubercles," Blais. <M<)7.
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes
63
Eleodes spoliata Blais.
pronotum subquadrate. wider than long, widest at
middle, densely punctate, interstices glabrous and
shining; elytra irregularly punctate, finely niuricate,
pubescent. Length 7.5 to 10 mm. Fig. 3 hirsuta Lee.
b. Setae of the pronotum and elytra long, black, inter-
spersed with golden curved ones; pronotum widest
at middle, longer than wide, shining, punctures
strong, deep, separated by own diameters; elytra
shining, with densely, deep, serially muricate punc-
tures. Length 6 to 7^25 mm. Fig. 4 barhata Wickham
Eleodes leechi. n. sp. Figs. 1. 6, 7. 8
Rather robust, black, shining when clean, head and pronotum
strongly punctate, elytra not punctate, but with large tubercles
64
VASCO M. TANNER
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
Fig. 3. Eleodes hirsuta Lee.
surrounded with small irregularly placed tubercles; setae sparse
black, stuff, arising from lee side of tubercles.
Head convex, with shallow densely placed punctures, hairs fairly
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes
65
abundiHit and curved. Antennae reaching humerus of elytra, third
segment equal in length to segments four and five combined. Pro-
notum widest just in front of the middle; disc convex, coarsely punc-
tate, intei-\als prominent, shining and irregular, setae on lateral
maigin black, long and some directed inw^ardly; sides evenly arcuate
in apical portion, thence converging to the base, margins distinct to
Fig. 4. Eleodes barbata Wickh.
66
VASCO M. TANNER
The Great Basin Naturalist
Vol. XXI, No. 3
Fig. 5. Eleodes inyoensis Tanner, n. sp.
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes
sty
67
Figs. 6 and 7. Lateral and ventral views of the genitalia of E. iccchi.
Fig. 8. The sperinatheca of E. leechi.
Fig. 9. Prothora.x of E. pilosa Horn.
Fig. 10. Ventral view of the genitalia of E. inyoensis.
.'VBBREVI.ATIONS
au - anus; c - co.xite; pp - paraproct; sty - stylus; vf - valvifer; v - vulva
9tht - ninth tergite; 8ths - eighth sternite.
slightly reduced on apical two-thirds; base equal in length to the
apex.
Propleurae granulo-muricate, with black, short curved setae.
Elytra oval, one and one half times as long as wide; base truncate
and a little wider than the base of the pronotum; disc convex, arcu-
ately declivitous posteriorly, surface with serially arranged large
shining niuricate tubercles with decumbent setae arising from the lee
side, also with small irregularly placed tubercles, no evidence of
striation, although the large tubercles are in rows, hairs sparse,
straight, black, and more noticeable at the declivity.
Abdomen shining, strongly convex, impressed between the coxae,
less so on the first three ventrites. Tibial spurs longer in the female;
in the male moderately short, slender and acute, (ienitalia of the
female, figs. 6 and 7 are characteristic of the species of this subgenus;
however, there are some specific differences. The sjjermathecae of
this groups have specific characteristics.
Length 15.5 mm., width 12.6 mm.
Type. Female. — Ute Mountain. Utah-Colorado State Line. June
The Great Basin Naturalist
68 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
1927, Irvin Rasmussen, Coll. deposited in the Entomological collec-
tion of the California Academy of Sciences.
Paratypes: 1 Mesa Verda National Park, Colorado; 1 Gypsum
Creek, San Migual Co., Colorado in the California Academy of Sci-
ences; 1 Cottonwood Wash, 10 S.W. of Blanding, San Juan Co., Ut.
in the U. S. National Museum, Entomological collection. 7 in the
author's collection, Brigham Young University; 2 Cortez, Colorado,
3 Moab, Grand Co., 1 LaSal, and 1 Blanding, San Juan Co., Utah.
Leechi differs from other species of the pilosa group in having
well developed shining round tubercles with setae arising from the
lee side. In pilosa there are no large round tubercles. The coarseness
of the pronotum and the round setigerous tubercles are unique.
I am pleased to name this species in honor of Mr. Hugh B.
Leech, a good coleopterist and curator.
SUBGENUS PSEUDELEODES
The two species of this subgenus may be separated as follows:
1. Prothorax with dense shallow punctures; interstices
smooth, fig. 9; elytra opaque not hairy, with rows of round-
ed tubercles granosa Lee.
2. Prothorax densely, deeply and confluently punctate,
interstices smooth and convex, elytra wdth large shiny
tubercles on the intervals, small tubercles along the strial
area. Tubercles devoid of setae except obscure ones along
the caudal margins. Figs. 5, 10 inyoensis, n. sp.
Eleodes inyoensis, n. sp. Figs. 5, 10
Ovate, coarsely sculptured and convex. Head wider than long,
densely punctate, the punctures of the genae and epistoma coalescent
and finely setigerous. Antennae reaching a little beyond the humerus
the distal segments compressed, third joint as long as the next two
combined.
Prothorax subquadrate, widest a little before the middle, dorsal
surface deeply and irregularly punctate, some punctures confluent,
interstices smooth and shining, punctures on lateral area smaller and
not so deep; apical angles rectangular, not rounded. Basal angles
subrectangular, not prominent. Fig. 5.
Propleurae musicato-gi^anulate.
Elytra oval, less than twice as long as wide; base truncate round-
ed, wider than the prothoracic base; surface with large shining
slightly ovate tubercles, arranged in rows wdth small tubercles along
the smooth interveining strial areas; devoid of setae, however, the
larger tubercles are obscurely muricate.
Abdomen horizontal, slightly opaque with small muricate tuber-
cles; setae sparse on ventrites. Legs moderate, femora finely punctate,
mutic not sinuate. Anterior tibial spurs, equal in size and length,
abdomen of female more convex than the male.
Length. Female 18.5 mm., Male 15 mm.
Type. Female, Saline Valley, Inyo Co., California, June 8, 1959,
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 69
B. H. Banta Coll., deposited in the Entomological collection of the
California Academy of Sciences.
Paratypes. 22 - Saline Valley, Inyo Co.. Calif., in author's col-
lection. Brigham Young University; 2 Saline Valley, Inyo Co.; 1
Walker Pass, Calif.; 4 Goldfield. Esmeralda Co.; 1 Tonapah, Nevada,
deposited in the Entomological collection, California Academy of
Sciences. 2 Saline Valley, Inyo Co., Calif., deposited in the Ento-
mological collection of the U. S. National Museum.
Inyoensis differs from granosa in the surface tenture of the pro-
thorax Fig. 9 in being more ovate in form and the tubercles are more
regular in size and shape. This species does not approach granulata
in its sculpturing. The coxites are a little larger and more pointed
on the genitalia of inyoensis than in leechi, a related species.
Check-List of the Species of Eleodes, 1961
eleodes esch. 29-8
subgenus melaneleodes bl.\is. 09-33
1. debilis Lee. 58-185. N. Mex., Ariz., Tex. (Davis Mts.)
2. carbonaria (Say) 23-260. Colo., N. Mex., Ariz. (Gila Valley, Yuma), Tex.,
Ut. (St. George, Santa Clara. Wash. Co.; Moab, Grand Co.; Indi-
anola. Sanpete Co.); Wyo. (Cheyenne).
a. subsp. immunis Lee. 58-186. Ariz. (Tucson, Sta. Catalina Mts., Sta.
Rita Range Reserve, Miami, Willcox, Indian Hot Springs. Picacho).
b. subsp. interstitialis Blais. 09-49. Ariz. (Sta. Catalina Mts.); Ut. (Paria,
Kane Co.)
c. subsp. soror Lee. 58-185. Tex. (Eagle Pass, San Antonio, and Browns-
ville).
3. vicina Lee. 1852-133. Calif.; Northern Mexico.
4. nitida Csy. 91-58. Ariz. (Hauchuca Mts.)
5. lineata Blais. 39-55. Ariz. (Chiricahua and Sta. Catalina Mts.)
6. ampla Blais. 09-40. Ariz. (Pinal, Sta. Catalina, and Sta. Rita Mts., Lowell);
N. Mex. (Santa Fe Canyon); Tex. (Brownsville).
7. obsoleta (Say) 23-261. Ka., N. Mex.. Alberta (Medicme Hat); Colo. (Mesa
Verda Nat'l Pk.); Ut. (La Sal, Grand Co.; Bears Ears, Blanding,
San Juan Co.; Deep Creek Mt., Juab Co.); Tex. (Davis Mts.); Neb.
(Grant, Pine Ridge. Sioux City).
a. subsp. annectans Blais. 09-60. Colo. (Gulnare, Las Animas Co.; Craig);
N. Mex. (Luna); Ariz. (White Mts.); Ut. (Hurricane. Wash Co.)
b. subsp. porcata Csy. 90-396. Ariz. (Avivaipa, White Mts.. Williams);
N. Mex.; Ut. (La Sal, Moab. Grand Co.; Natural Bridges Nat'l
Monument. San Juan Co.; Kanab, Johnson Canyon. Kane Co.;
Escalante Desert, Garfield Co.; Hurricane, Wash. Co.)
8. mazatzalensis Blais. 25-379. Ariz. (Mazatzal Mts.)
9. knausi Blais. 09-40. N. Mex. (Cloudcroft) ; Colo. (Mesa Verde Nat'l Pk.)
10. omissa Lee. 58-186. So. Calif. (San Diego. Sta. Catalina Island)
a. suhsp. pygmaea Blais. 09-77. So. Calif. (San Diego); L. Calif. (San
Quintin).
b. suhsp.borealis Blais. 09-79. N. Calif. (Tulare and Kem Co.)
c. subsp. peninsularis Blais. 09-79. L. Calif. (Sierra San Lazaro).
d. %u\yip tumida Blais. 33-194. Calif. (Bass Lake, Medera Co.)
11. parowana Blais. 25-374. Ut. (Iron Co.)
a. subsp. mimica Blais. 29-375. Ut. (Bryee Nat'l Pk., Garfield Co.; John-
son Canyon, Kane Co.. July 1953).
12. quadricollis Esch. 29-12. Calif., So. Calif.; Wyo. (Cheyenne).
a. subsp. lassenica Blais. 25-373. Calif. (Martin's Spring, Lassen Co.)
b. subsp. anthracina Blais. 09-87. Ariz. (Ft. Grant, Hot Springs, San
The Great Basin Naturalist
70 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
Simon, Galiuro Mts., Catalina Springs, Tucson, Chiricahua Mts..
Graham Mts.. Miami. White Mts., Nogales).
c. subsp. lustrans Blais. 09-89. Ariz. (Chiricahua Mts., Catalina Springs).
13. cuneaticollis Csy. 90-397. Calif. (San Francisco, Marin, San Mateo and
Alameda Cos.)
14. humeralis Lee. 57-50. Ida., Wash.. Ore., N. Calif.. Ut. (Central, Wash. Co.)
latiuscula Walk. 66-329.
15. rcducta Blais. 25-377. Ut. (Cove Fort, Beaver Co.)
16. concinna Blais. 25-381. Nev. (Verdi. Carson City. Reno); Calif. (Lassen Co.);
Ut. (Aquarius Plateau, Garfield Co.; Pine Valley Mts., Wash. Co.;
Lynndyl, Millard Co.; Sheep Creek, Daggett Co.); Ariz. (Kaibab
Forest).
17. coloradensis Blais. 25-380. Colo. (Leadville); Ariz. (Jacobs Lake, Kaibab
Forrest); Ut. (Torrey, Wayne Co.)
18. fuscipilosa Blais. 25-376. Ut. (Parowan, Iron Co.)
19. tanneri Blais. 31-74. Ut. (LaSal Mts.. Elk Ridge, Bears Ears, San Juan Co.;
Moab, Grand Co.)
20. rileyi Csy. 92-57. Ariz.; Ida. (Tetonia); Ut. (Aspen Grove, Mt. Timpanogos,
Utah Co.; Bears Ears. Elk Ridge, San Juan Co.); Posey Lake,
Aquarius Plateau, Garfield Co.)
21. tricostata (Say) 23-262. Me.x.; Br. Am. Ariz. (Tuba City); Te.x. (Quanah,
Hardman Co.)
planata Sol.. 48-366.
alternata Kby. 37-232.
robusta Lee. 58-183.
22. pedinoides Lee. 58-183. Tex. (Dameron and Bosque Cos.)
a. subsp. asperata Lee. 58-183. Ariz.
23. neomeiicana Blais. 09-41. N. Mex. (Cloudcroft).
24. speculicollis Blais. 25-382. Tex. (Davis Mts.)
25. wenzeli Blais. 25-381. Tex. (Alpine, Chisos Mts.)
26. halli Blais. 41-37. Ariz. (Kayenta, Navajo Co.)
SUBGENUS LITHELEODES BLAIS. 09-34
27. arcuata Csy. 84-47. Ariz. (Sta. Rita and Chiricahua Mts.)
28. extricata (Say) 23-261. Tex.; Br. Am.; Colo. (Buena Vista, Golden); Ariz.
(Graham Mts.; White Mts.; Genease Mts.); Ut. (Cove Fort, Beaver
Co.; La Sal Mts.. Grand Co.); Alberta (Medicine Hat).
a. subsp. convexicollis Blais. 09-123; 21-132. Wyo. (Laramie, Cody, Park
Co.); Mont. (Blackfoot Indian Reservation).
b. subsp. cognata Hald. 52-376. Blais, 42-140. Ut. (Great Salt Lake Desert,
Arches Nat'l Monument. Grand Co.; Fruita, Wayne Co.; Johnson
Canyon. Kane Co.; Buckhorn, Emery Co.; Bryce Nat'l Pk.. Garfield
Co.; Provo. Utah Co.; Mt. Pleasant, Sanpete Co.; Zion Nat'l Pk.,
Mountain Meadows. Wash. Co.); Wyo. (Cody, Park Co.); Ariz.
(Sta. Catalina Mts., Chiricahua Mts., Lake Mary, Show Low);
Tex. (Davis Mts.)
c. subsp. arizoncnsis Blais. 09-116. Ariz. (Fort Huachuca).
d. subsp. utahensis Blais. 21-131. Ut. (Stockton, Milford, Eureka; Notum,
Wayne Co.; Aquarius Plateau. Garfield Co.; Lvnndvl. Millard Co.);
Ariz. (Pinal Mts.); Colo. (Gulnare); N. Mex. (Cloudcroft).
e. subsp. frigida La Riv. 43-54. Nev. (Kyle Gorge, Charleston Mt., 10,-
000 ft.. Clark Co.)
29. granulata Lee. 57-50. Ore.; Calif. (Siskiyou Co.; Carrville. Trinity Co.)
subaspera Sol. 48-237.
subtuberculata Walk. 66-328.
a. subsp. obtusa Lee. 61-352. Blais. 42-140. (eastern desert region)
b. subsp. aspera Lee. 66-115. Blais. 42-140. Colo. (Gateway).
30. papillosa Blais. 17-226. N. Calif. (Siskiyou Co.; Carrville, Trinitj' Co.)
31. letcheri Blais. 09-133. 42-143. Nev. (Verdi); Ida. (Tetonia).
32. vandykei Blais. 09-136. 18-384. Calif. (Medicine Lake; Siskiyou and Modoc
Cos.); Wash. (McElroy).
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 71
a. subsp. modificata Blais. 21-131. 42-141. B.C. (Vernon, Kamloops).
b. subsp. parvula Blais, 09-137. 42-141. Ariz. (Dallas); Ida.( Blackfoot).
c. subsp. similis Blais. 42-142. Ore. (Haines).
33. carvina Blais. 21-224. Calif. (Walker, Siskiyou Co.)
SUBGENUS TRICHELEODES BLAIS. 09-34
34. hirsutn Lee. 61-352. So. Calif.; Nev.; Ut. (Ibapah, Tooele Co.; Topaz Mt.,
Juab Co.; Hamblin Vallev, Iron Co.; Copper Mts.. Box Elder Co.)
35. pilosa Horn. 70-302. So. Calif.; Nev.; Ore.: Ut. (Zion Nat'l PL, Wash. Co.;
Dinosaur Nat'l Monument, I'inta Co.; Flaming Gorge, Daggett
Co.; Johnson Canyon, Kane Co.; Boulder, Garfield Co.; Callas,
Juab Co.); Ida. (Ouyhee Co.)
a pilifera Boddy.'' 57-193. Or.
36. leechi Tanner, n. sp. Colo. (Gypsum Creek, San Miguel Co.; Mesa Verde
Nat'l Pk.; Cortez); Ut. (Ute Mt., Ut.-Colo. State Line; Blanding;
Cottonwood Wash; La Sal, San Juan Co.; Moab, Grand Co.)
37. spoliata Blais, 33-196. Ore. (Klamath Co.)
38. barbata Wickh. 18-256. N. Mex. (Willard).
SUBGENUS PSEUDELEODES BLAIS. 09-34
39. granosa Lee. 66-116. Calif. (Lyon Pass, Colorado Desert, San Bernardino
Co.); Nev.
40. inyoensis Tanner, n. sp. Calif. (Saline Valley, Inyo Co., Walker Pass); Nev.
(Goldfield. Esmeralda Co., Tonapah).
SUBGENUS PROMUS LEG. 62-226
41. insularis Linell. 01-181. L. Calif. (Grand Canyon; Cedros Island).
a, subsp, /frr/co/o Blais, 23-365. L. Calif. (El Taste; San Pedro; Sierra
Lazaro.)
42. subnitens Lee. 41-134 Ariz. (White Mts., Sta. Catalina Mts., Sta. Rita Mts.,
Tueson); So. Calif.
43. goryi Sol, 48-237. Mex.; N. Mex.; Tex.
a. subsp. seriata Lee. 58-185. Blais 25-79. Tex.
44. striolata Lee, 58-185. Tex,; Mex.
45. fusiformis Lee. 58-184. Neb.; Kan.; Tex. (Marathon, Alpine).
46. opaca (Say) 23-262. Tex.; Neb.; Kan. (Ellsworth); Colo.; S. D. (Edgemont).
SUBGENUS HETEROPROMUS BLAIS. 09-33
47. veterator Horn. 74-33. Tex.
SUBGENUS ELEODES ESCH. 29-9
48. obscura (Say) 23-359. N. Mex.; Wash.
a. subsp. dispersa Lee. 58-182. Ariz. (White Mts,); Colo,; Ut. (Bluff,
La Sal, Red Mesa, San Juan Co.)
delete Lee. 58-182.
b. subsp. sulcipennis Mann. 43-226. Ore.; N. Calif.; Ida,; Ariz, (Pinal
Mts,, Arivaipa); Ut. (Topaz Mt., Juab Co.; Johnson Canyon, Kane
Co.; Magatsu; Zion Nat'l Pk.; St. George, Wash. Co.; Indianola,
Sanpete Co.); Nev. (Alamo).
conjuncla Walk. 66-329.
convexicollis Walk. 66-328.
arata Lee. 58-182.
c. subsp, glabriuscula Blais, 25-383, Tex. (Alpine, LiveiTiiore Peak, Davis
Mts,)
49. acuta (Say) 23-258. Kan.; Tex.; Ariz, (Globe),
a, subsp, pernigra Blais. 37-128, Tex, (Katherine Sarita).
50. suturalis (Say) 23-257. Tex.; Neb. (Crawford); Kan. (Ellsworth); Colo.
(Boulder).
*i. I have not seen a specimen of pilijera but from the description, I think it is not a gronosa,
but belongs to the pilosa group.
The Great Basin Naturalist
72 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
a. var. texana Lee. 58-182. Kan.; Tex.; Colo.
51. grandicollis Mann. 43-266. Calif., So. Calif.
a. suhsi). valida Boh. 58-90. So. Calif. (San Diego, Los Angeles, Monterey,
San Bernardino, and Kern Cos.); Ariz. (Yuma Desert, Sta. Marie
River); Nev. (Alamo, Mercury).
52. sanmartinensis Blais. 21-220. So. Calif. Is. (San Martin Island).
binotata Walk. 66-329.
54. hispilabris (Say) 23-259. Colo,; Mex.; Ut. (Monticello, San Juan Co.; Heu-
rieville, Garfield Co.); Alberta (Medicine Hat).
lecontei Gemm. 70-122.
sulcata Lee. 52-67.
a. subsp. nupta Lee. 59-183. Blais. 25-384. Tex. (Laredo to Ringhold
Barracks); Okla. (Fort Supply); Kan. (Medora) ; Colo. (Boulder).
b. subsp. attenuata Blais. 18-168. Ariz. (Nogales, Sta. Cruz Co.)
c. subsp. convexa Lee. 57-49. Blais. 25-384. (Prairie Pasco); N. Mex.
(Columbus).
d. subsp. sculptilis Blais. 09-220. Ariz. (Oracle, Williams, Ft. Grant, Ash
Fork, and Yuma); N. Mex. (Las Vegas); Colo. (Denver); Ut. (Salt
Lake City; St. George, Wash. Co.; Parowan, Iron Co.; Indianola,
Sanpete Co.; Topaz Mt., Juab Co.; Lehi, Utah Co.)
e. subsp. imitabilis Blais. 18-167. Ut. (Salt Lake Co.; Desert Range Exp.
Station, Millard Co.; Escalante Desert, Garfield Co.); Ore. (The
Dalles); Wash. (Walla Walla); Calif. (Saline Valley, Inyo Co.)
f. subsp. immunda Blais. 25-79. Ariz.; B. C. (Oliver).
g. subsp. composita Csy. 91-58. Tex.
55. subpinguis Blais. 09-247. Tex. (Cameron Co.)
56. gracilis Lee. 58-184. So. Calif.; N. Mex.; Ariz. (Sta. Rita Mts.)
a. subsp. distans Blais. 09-242. Calif. (Ft. Tejon; Los Angeles Co.; Fair-
mont; Norwalk and Antelope Valley; Oak Creek, Kern Co.; Teha-
chapi Valley; Victorville).
57. caudifera Lee. 58-184. Colo.; Ariz. (Snowflake); Tex. (El Paso); Ut. (Bluff,
San Juan Co.; La Sal. Grand Co.); N. Mex.
longipilosa Horn 91-42. Nev.; Calif.
58. dentipes Esch. 29-19. Calif. (San Fernando; Stanford Univ.; Pacific Grove;
Harbor City; San Pedro; Murphy).
a. var, per punctata Blais. 18-386. Calif. (Eldorado; Tehama, Trinity,
Contra Costa and San Mateo Cos.)
b. subsp. elongata Blais. 09-254. Calif. (Mokelumne Hills, Calaveras Co.;
Fresno Co.; Oakland).
c. subsp, tularensis Blais, 25-386. Calif. (Northfork, Fresno Co.; Yosemite
Nat'l Pk.)
d. subsp. paradoxa Blais. 31-78. = mon/ana Blais. preoccupied. Calif.
(Sta. Cruz Mts., Sta. Cruz Co.)
e. subsp. sordida Blais. 35-30. Calif. (Tulare Co.)
f. subsp. marinae Blais. 21-218. Calif. (Fairfax, Marin Co.)
g. subsp. confinis Blais. 95-237, Calif, (Mokelumne Hill, Calaveras Co.;
Napa Co.; Sta. Clara Co.; Tulare Co.; Sonoma Co.)
h. subsp. elegans Csy. 90-401. N. Calif. (Hoopa Valley, Humboldt Co.)
i. subsp. prominens Csy. 90-401. Calif. (Port Harford. San Luis Obispo
Co.)
]. subsp. pertenuis Blais. 09-253. Calif. (Kaweah, Tulare Co.; Watson
Springs; Martinez, Contra Costa Co.)
59. rossi Blais. 43-241. L. Calif. (Comonder).
60. subcylindrica Csy. 90-400. Ariz.
61. amedeensis Blais. 33-199. Calif. (Palm Springs; La Puerta, Imperial Co.;
Ahwalmee; Yosemite Valley, Maripose Co.); Nev. (Goldfield, Es-
meralda Co.)
62. striatipennis Blais. 42-134. Nev. (Walker Lake; Paradise Valley; and
Tonopah).
63. armata Lee. 51-134. Colo.; Ariz. (Picacho, Tucson, Superior); Calif. (Am-
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 73
boy); So. Calif.; Nev. (Alamo, Mercury); Ut. Sta. Clara, Wash.
Co.)
a. var. pumila Blais. 33-197. Calif. (El Centra, Imperial Co.)
b. subsp. impotrns Blais. 95-236. Calif. (Merced Co; David).
64. inepta Blais. 25-334. L. Calif. (Angulo Rock; Asuncion Island — Pacific
Coastal Group).
65. marthae Blais. 43-243. L. Calif. (Mesquital).
66. simondsi Blais. 43-247. L. Calif. (Mesquital).
67. militaris Horn 70-303. L. Calif. (San Quintin, San Vicente, Cedrso Island);
Ariz.
a. subsp. femorata Lee. 51-134. Calif., So. Calif.
68. mexicana Blais. 43-246'. L. Calif, (near Sta. Rosalia; El Refugia and Mes-
quital).
blaisdelli Blkwr. 45-521.
69. loretensis Blais. 23-262. L. Calif. (Loreto; Las Animas Bay and Angeles
Bay).
70. vanduzeei Blais. 23-264. L. Calif. (Mulege; Sta. Rosalia).
71. morbosa Blais. 25-335. L. Calif. (Angulo Rock; Asuncion Island; Pacific
Coastal Group; San Quintin and Ensenada).
72. moesta Blais. 21-221. 43-246. L. Calif. (San Martin Island; San Vicente).
73. acuticauda Lee. 51-135. Calif., So. Calif. (San Diego); L. Calif. (San Pedro
Martir, near Ensenada and Santo Tomas).
a. subsp. punctata Blais. 09-278. Calif. (San Diego).
74. laticollis Lee. 51-135. Calif. (San Diego Co.; Fort Tejon).
a. subsp. minor Blais. 09-283. Calif. (San Diego).
b. subsp. apprzma Blais. 21-219. So. Calif. (San Nicolas Island).
75. eschscholtzi Sol. 48-238. Max.; Tex.
a. subsp. lucae Lee. 66-114. Blais. 43-249. L. Calif. (Cape San Lucas; Sta.
Rosa; San Jose del Cabo; San Pedro; LaPaz and Santiago; Mira-
glores; near San Bartolo; Trunfo; Mesquital).
b. subsp. inflata Blais. 43-249. L. Calif. (Cape San Lucus; Venancia).
76. mutilata Blais. 21-222. L. Calif. (Sierra Laguna).
77. adumbrata Blais. 25-332. L. Calif. (Middle San Senito Island; Pacific Coastal
group; Arroys del Rosarito, Rosario; San Vicente, near Punta
Prieta).
78. discincta Blais. 25-333. L. Calif. (Natividad Island; Pacific Coastal Group;
Arroyo del Rosarito; Rosario; San Vicente, near Punta Prieta).
79. tenuipes Csy. 90-339. Tex.
80. wickhami Horn. 91-41. Ariz.
81. ventricosa Lee. 58-186. Tex.; Mex.
a. subsp. fain Blais. 09-235. Tex. (El Paso, Fort Bliss).
SUBGENUS BL.APYLIS HORN. 70-301
82. snowi Blais. 09-311. Colo. (Ouray); Ariz. (Williams, Flagstaff, Oak Creek,
Colorado River); N. Mex. (Santa Fe Canyon, Cloudcroft).
83. lecontei Horn. 70-304. Colo.
subaspera Lee. 66 115. preoccupied.
84. tenebrosa Horn. 70-304. S. Calif.; Nev,; Ut. (Pine Valley. Wash. Co.; Raft
River Mts.. Box Elder Co.; Bryce Nat'l Pk.: Duchesne; Widtsoe);
Ida. (Rexburg).
a. var. nana Blais. 09-328. So. Calif.; Nev. (Carson City. Verdi).
85. robinetti Boddy. 57-194. Ore. (Robinette; Bear Springs, Wasco Co.; Bend,
Manns Lake, Maupis and Quinton); Wash. (Cooks Lake, White
Salmon. Walla Walla, and Wawawai).
86. inculta Lee. 51-135. Calif. (San Miguel Island).
a. subsp. af finis Blais. 18-384. Calif. (Sta. Cruz Island).
7. Mexicana Blais 43-24fi L. Calif, is a valid species. Blatkwelder evidently confused F.mbaphinn
mexicana, described by Blaisdell p. UiO in his paper entitled, "New Species ni Klrndc: from .Nlexicn
in the British .Museum (Col. Tenebrionidae," Stylops, Vol. IV. Part 7, pp. 156-160, 1934, with
Dr. Blaisdell's Eleodes mexicana of l'»H. This nvprsiphl is further evident since Blackwelder failed
to record Embaphion mexicana Blais in his catiiloRuc. "Checklist nf the Coleopterous Insects of
Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South .\inenca," part 3, page 522, 1945.
The Great Basin Naturalist
74 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
87. consobrina Lee. 51-135. Calif. (So. Calif.; Mt. Pass); Ut. (Glacier Lake, Ml.
Timpanogos, Kiev. 10,500 ft., Utah Co.)
88. kaweana Blais. 33-203. Calif. (Kaweah, Tulare Co.)
89. scabripennis Lee. 59-77. Blais. 33-201. Calif., So. Calif. (Hot Springs, Tulare
Co.; Tejon).
90. blanchardi Blais. 09-347. Calif. (San Diego Co.; Port Harford, San Luis
Obispo Co.)
91. fuchsi Blais. 09-343. Calif. (Tulare Co.; Marbel Fork; Kaweah River;
Yosemite).
92. neotomae Blais. 09-312. Calif. (San Diego Co.; Port Harford, San Luis Obispo
Co.)
93. horni Blais. 09-350. 18-385. Calif. (Plumas and Eldorado Cos.)
a. subsp. fenyesi Blais. 25-77. Calif. (Bishop, Inyo Co.)
b. subsp. monticola Blais. 18-385. Calif. (Calaveras, Shasta and Tulare
Cos.)
94. manni Blais. 17-221. Wash. (Wawawai, Ellensburg, Almota).
a. subsp. sierra Blais. 25-78. Calif. (Kings Canyon, Fresno, Co.)
b. subsp. patulicollis Blais. 31-78. new name for dilaticollis Blais. 25-388.
Wash. (Ritzville Lake, McElroy, Paha); Ut. (The Pass, Table
Cliff Mt., Garfield Co.)
c. subsp. variolosa Blais. 17-223. Wash. (Wenatchee, Ellensburg).
95. parvicollis Esch. 29-11. Calif. (So. Calif.; Pacific Grove).
a. subsp, farallonica Blais. new name 25-80. see Blais. 09-356. Calif. (San
Francisco Bay Area; San Joaquin and Sacramento Valleys; Faral-
lone Islands).
b. subsp. p/(2na?a Esch. 29-12. Calif.
c. subsp. squalida Blais. 18-380. Calif. (Dabis's Meadow near Railroad
Flat, Calaveras Co.)
96. producta Mann. 43-271. Calif. (Maraposa, Big Trees, Yosemite Nat'l Pk.)
a. subsp. alticola Blais. 25-387. Calii. (Piute Mt., Kern Co.; Fallen Leaf
Lake, Big Trees).
b. subsp. trita Blais. 17-225. Ore. (Josephine Co.); N. Calif. (Humboldt
and Del Norte Cos.; Piute Mt., Kern Co.)
c. subsp. constricta Lee. 58-187. Calif. (Yosemite Nat'l Pk.)
97. scabriventris Blais. 33-202. Calif. (Camp Potwisha, Sequoia Nat'l Pk.,
Tulare Co.)
98. oblonga Blais. 33-206. Calif.
99. hoppingi Blais. 09-312. Calif. (Eldorado Co.; Mt. Tallac, Tahoe); Nev.
Mt. Rose); Ut. (Navajo Mt.)
100. clavicornis Esch. 29-11. Calif. (San Francisco; Ocean Beach).
impressicollis Boh. 58-90.
101. scabrosa Esch. 29-11. Calif.; Ore. (Gold Beach).
102. rotundipennis Lee. 57-50. Ore.; Wash. (Friday Harbor); B.C. (Pender Har-
bor, Kamloops).
a. var. versatilis Blais. 21-217. Ore. (Colestin, Jackson Co.)
103. oregona Blais. 41-157. Ore. (Bear Springs, Eugene).
104. cor data Esch. 29-11. Calif. (Stanford Univ.; Jasper Ridge. San Mateo Co.;
San Francisco; Pacific Grove; Berkeley; Mt. Diablo).
105. tuberculata Esch. 29-12. Calif.s
intricata Mann. 43-273.
striata Lee. 57-50.
a. subsp. horrida Blais. 18-383. Calif. (Davis Meadow near Railroad Flat,
Calaveras Co.)
8. "Indentata described above, (Blais. 35-28) belongs to the Cordata Group (1833). The phases
referable to the latter group, show farther differential group characters: those having greater affinity
with cordata Esch. and those with tuberculata Esch. These ultimate affinities indicate the genealogi-
cal relationships.
Cordata Esch. is somewhat a larger species with a varying dull luster and the sculpturing is not
as coarse as in tuberculata Esch. and its related forms. The views expressed from time to .me may
differ from those given in my Monograph (Bull. 63, U. S. Nat. IMus.). Twenty-five years have
passed since that work was given forth and much new material has come to hand smce then which
has necessarily resulted in changes in my knowledge regarding species and their relationships."
Blais. 35-29
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 75
b. suhsp. patruelis Blais. 18-382. Ut. (Provo Canyon, Zion Nat'l Pk.,
Bryce Nat'l Pk., Spanish Fork, Utah Lake, La Sal Mts., Indianola.
Fruita); Nev. (Lehman Cave Nat'l Mon.; Mt. Wheeler); Ariz.
(Jacob Lake, Kaibab Forest).
c. \av. adulter ina Blais. 17-244. Calif. (Eldorado, Plumas, Del Norte,
Humboldt, Placer, Monterey, Shasta and Lake Cos.)
d. var. hybrida Blais. 17-225. N. Calif. (Plumas and Lake Cos., Yosemite
Yosemite Nat'l Pk.)
e. var. sublcunns Blais. 09-381. N. N. Blais. 24-80. Calif. (Near San
Francisco Bay).
106. indentata Blais. 35-28. Wash. (Mt. Ranier, Pierce Co.)
107. primeliodes Mann. 43-274. Wash.; Nev.; Mont.
108. nunenmacheri Blais. 18-163. Ore. (Klamath and Lake Cos.); Calif. (Lassen
and Modoc Cos.); Wash. (Granger); B. C. (Kamloops).
a. subsp. verrucula Blais. 18-164. Calif. (Lassen and Modoc Cos.); Ore.
(Klamath and Lake Cos.)
109. novoverrucula Boddy 57-195. Wash. (Grand Coulee, Park Lake); B. C;
Ida.; Mont.
110. Z^ru^/i/prs Csy. 90-402. Ida.; Wyo.; Colo. (Salida).
a. subsp. brevisetosa Blais. 18-162. Calif. (Lassen Co.); Nev. (Verdi)
111. propinqua Blais. 18-165. Calif. (Modoc Co.); Ore. (Grants Pass).
112. strumosa Blais. 31-76. Ut. (Deep Creek Mts., Tooele Co.); Nev. (Lehman
Cave. Mt. Wheeler. White Pine Co.)
113. caseyi Blais. 09-313. Nev. (Verdi); Calif. (Bodie).
SUBGENUS ARPELEODES BLAIS. 1937-128^
114. tibialis Blais. 09-313. L. Calif. (Sierra Laguna and La Chuparosa).
SUBGENUS METABLAPYLIS BLAIS. 09-34
115. nigrina Lee. 58-186. Ore.; Colo,; Ariz.; Ut. (Pine Valley Mts., Wash. Co.;
Bryce Nat'l Pk.; Blanding. San Juan Co.; Steep Creek, Boulder
Mt., Garfield Co.); Wash. (Prosser); Nev. (Central and Northern
Part of the state).
a. subsp. perlonga Blais. 09-393. Wyo. (Rock Springs. Sweet Water Co.)
b. subsp. difformis Blais. 25-389. Wash. (Ritzville); Ut. (Indianola, Fair-
view. Mt. Pleasant, Sanpete Co.)
c. suhsp.maclayi Boddy 57-197. Ore. (Talent; Lake Creek. Jackson Co.;
Medford).
116. dissimilis Blais. 09-398. Ariz. (Fort Grant, Sta. Rita Mts.; Chiricahua Mts.;
Graham Mts.; Oracle, and Williams).
a. subsp. nevadensis Blais. 09-402. Nev. (Pioche); Calif. (Palm Springs);
Ariz. (Tucson and Pinal Mts.); Ut. (Zion Nat'l Pk.; Escalanta
Desert. Kane Co.; St. George, Hurricane. Wash. Co.)
117. schwarzi Blais. 09-393. Wash. (Pullman, Toppenish).
118. delicata Blais. 29-164. Ariz. (Douglas); Ut. (Hurricane, Wash. Co.)
119. calif arnica Blais. 29-165. Calif. (Palm Springs, Riverside Co.; Saline Valley.
Inyo Co.)
SUBGENUS STENELEODES BLAIS. 09-33
120. gigantea Mann. 43-276. N. Calif. (Tehama Co.; Redondo; San Diego).
a. subsp. meridionalis Blais. 18-387. So. Calif. (San Diego; Kern and Sta.
Cruz Cos.); L. Calif. (San Pedro Martir).
b. subsp. gentilis Lee. 58-187. Calif., So. Calif., L. Calif. (San Pedro,
Martiz and San Francisquito)
c. subsp. estriata Csy. 90-398. Calif. (San Francisco).
121. longicollis Lee. 51-143. Ariz. (Sta. Rita Mts.); N. Mex.; Tex.; Ut. (Hurri-
cane, Wash. Co.; Bluff, San Juan Co.; Utah Lake Area; Lehi, Utah
Co.)
haydeni Lee. 58-186.
<J. The subgenus Arpeleuda in Dr Blaisdell's paper, l<Ji7, pp. IJ8, is spelled differently on pp.
129 of ihis same paper.
The Great Basin Naturalist
76 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
122. ornadpennis Blais. 37-129. N. Mex.
123. innocens Lee. 66-114. L. Calif. (Cape San Lucas, Eltaste, Sierra El Chinche,
Miraflores).
SUBGENUS HOLELEODES BLAIS. 37-132
124. beameri Blais. 37-132. Ariz. (Huachuca and Chiricahua Mts.)
125. bryanti Blais. 37-134. Ariz. (Graham Mts.)
126. palmerleensis Blais. 37-136. Ariz. (Near Palmerlee).
SUBGENUS DISCOGENIS LE CONTE. 66-114
127. marginata Esch. 29-10. Calif. (Ft. Bragg, San Francisco, Pacific Grove);
So. Calif.
fischeri Mann. 43-137.
128. scabricula Leo. 58-187. Calif. (Yosemite Nat'l Pk.; Marapose Big Trees);
Nev. (Lake Tahoe Area).
subsp. acutangula Blais. 21-225. Calif. (Channel Meadows and Brecker-
ridge Mt., Kern Co.; West Point, Yosemite Nat'l Pk.)
GENUS TROGLODERUS LEG. 79-2^°
129. costatus Lee. 79-3. Nev.; Ida.; Ariz.
subsp. tuberculatus Blais. 09-486. Calif. (So. Calif.); Ut. (Willow Tank,
Escalante Desert, Kane Co.; Delta, Millard Co.; Woodside, Emery
Co.; Hanksville, Wayne Co.; La Sal, San Juan Co.; Duchesne,
Duehesne Co.; Grafton, Wash. Co.); Ariz. (Tuba City).
b. subsp. nevadus La Riv. 42-437. Nev.; Calif.
c. subsp. vandykei La Riv. 46-41. So. Calif.
GENUS EMBAPHION SAY. 23-254
130. depressum Lee. 51-136. Calif. (So. Calif.)
131. elongatum Horn. 70-321. Nev.; Calif.; Ut. (Red Mesa, San Juan Co.)
132. glabrum Blais. 09-453. Ariz.; N. Mex.; Ut. (Zion Nat'l Park, Wash, Co.;
Henrieville. Garfield Co.; Indianola, Sanpete Co.; Moab, Grand
Co.)
133. contractum Blais. 09-453. N. Mex.
134. planum Horn 70-321. Kan.; Colo.; N. Mex.; Ut. (Bluff, San Juan Co.)
135. blaisdclli Benedict 27-46. N. Mex. (Bat Cave. Carlsbad Cavern).
136. contusum Lee. 58-20. Wyo.; Colo.; Ariz.; Texas.
a. subsp. laminatum Csy. 90-403. Tex.
137. muricatium Say. Tex.; Colo.; Kan.; Neb.; S. Dak.; Alberta (Medicine
Hat).
GENUS ELEODIMORPH.A. BLAIS. 09-477
1 38. bolcan Blais. 09-479. So. Calif.
GENUS NEOBAPHION BLAIS. 25-390
139. planipennis (Lee.) N. Mex.; Ariz. (Graham Mts., Chiricahua Mts., Sta.
Catalma Mts.); Colo. (Mesa Verda Nat'l Pk.); Ut. (La Sal Mts.)
140. elongatum Blais. 33-208. Nev. (Yerrington).
GENUS LARIVERIUS BLAIS. 47-61
141. tibialis Blais. 47-61. Nev. (Pyramid Lake; Mineral Co.; San Dunes).
10. I have before me specimens of the species now assigned to this genus, with the e.xception of
vandyki. I agree with the thinJtmg of La Rivers as presented m the Ento. News, Vol. LVII, pp. 35-44,
194U.
October 2, 1961 checklist & new species of eleodes 17
Literature Cited
Blaisdell, Frank E., 1895. New California Coleoptera. Ento. News,
Vol. 6, pp. 235-238.
1909. A Monographic Revision of the Coleoptera Belonging to
the Tenebrionidae Iribe Eleodiini, inhabiting the United States,
Lower California and Adjacent Islands. Bull. 63. U. S. Nat.
Mus., pp. 1-524, pis. 1-13.
1910. Studies in the Tenebrionid Tribe Eleodiini — Order Cole-
optera. Ento. News. Vol. 21, pp. 60-67.
1917. Studies in the Tenebrionid Tribe Eleodiini No. 3
(Coleoptera). Ento. News, Vol. 28, pp. 221-227.
1918a. Studies in the Tenebrionid Tribe Eleodiini No. 3
(Coleoptera). Ento. News, Vol. 29. pp. 162-169.
1918b. Studies in the Tenebrionid Tribe Eleondiini No. 4
(Coleoptera). Ento. News. Vol. 29. pp. 380-387.
1921a. New Species of Melyridae, Chrysomelidae and Tene-
brionidae. (Coleoptera). Stanford Univ. Publ. Univ. Series,
Biol. Sci. I, pp. 220.
1921b. Miscellaneous Studies in the Coleoptera, No. 1, Can.
Ento. Vol. 53, pp. 129-132.
1923. Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the
Gulf of California in 1921 (Tenebrionidae). Proc. Calif. Acad,
of Sci., 4th series, Vol. XII, No. 12, pp. 201-288.
1925a. Expedition to Guadalupe Island. Mexico in 1922.
(Coleoptera). Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4th series. Vol. XIV, pp.
321-343.
1925b. Studies in Tenebrionidae, No. 2. Calif. Acad. Sci.,
4th series. Vol. XIV, pp. 369-390.
1925c. Revised Check-list of the Species of Eleodes Inhabiting
America, North of Mexico, Including Lower California and
Adjacent Islands. Pan-Pac. Ento. Vol. II, pp. 77-80.
1929. Revised Synopsis of the Species of Eleodes Belonging
to the Subgenus Metablapylis with Description of Two New
Species (Coleoptera) Pan-Pac. Ento. Vol. 5, pp. 163-166.
1931. Two New Species of Eleodes from Utah. (Coleoptera:
Tenebrionidae). Pan-Pac. Ento., Vol. VIII, pp. 74-78.
1933. Studies in the Tenebrionidae, No. 3, A Monographic
Revision of the Species of Centronopus Inhabiting America,
North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc. LIX. pp. 191-210.
1935a. Two New Species of Eleodes from the Pacific Coast
Region. (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae). Can. Ento. Vol. LXVII,
pp. 28-31. Feb.
1935b. New Species of Eleodes from Mexico in the British
Museum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Stylops: A Journal of
Taxonomic Entomology. Vol. 4. 7. pp. 156-160.
1937. Miscellaneous Studies in the Coleoptera. No. 5 (Tene-
brionidae and Melvridae). Trans. Am. Ento. Soc. Vol. LXIII,
pp. 127-145.
The Great Basin Naturalist
78 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XXI, No. 3
1941a. A Species of Eleodes from Northeastern Arizona (Cole-
optera: Tenebrionidae). Pan-Pac. Ento. Vol. XVII, pp. 37-39.
1941b. A New Species of Eleodes from Oregon Belonging to the
Subgenus Blapylis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Pan-Pac. Ento.
Vol. XVII, pp. 156-159.
1942. Miscellaneous Studies in the Coleoptera No. 6, (Mely-
ridae and Tenebrionidae) 7'rans. Am. Ento. Soc. Vol. LXVIII,
pp. 129-149.
1943. Contributions Toward a Knowledge of the Insect Fauna
of Lower California, No. 7, Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae. Proc.
Calif. Acad, of Sci., Vol. XXIV, No. 7, pp. 171-288. pis. 10-11.
1947. A New Genus and Species of the Coleopterous Family
Tenebrionidae. Pan-Pac. Ento. Vol. XXIII, No. 2, pp. 59-62.
Blackwelder, Richard E., 1939. Fourth Supplement 1933 to 1938
(inclusive) to Leng Catalogue of Coleoptera of America, North
of Mexico, pp. 1-146.
and Ruth M., 1948. Fifth Supplement, 1939 to 1947 (inclu-
sive) pp. 1-87. (The Leng Catalogue and All Supplements
published by John D. Sherman, Jr., Mount Vernon, N. Y.).
Boddy, Dennis W., 1957. New Species and Subspecies of Tene-
brionidae (Coleoptera). Pan-Pac. Ento. Vol. 33. No. 4, pp. 187-
199.
Casey, Thomas L.. 1890. Coleopterological Notices II. Annals N. Y.
Acad. Sci. Vol. V. pp. 394-403.
Gebien, H., 1910. Coleopterorum Catalogues, Pars. 22, pp. 241-252.
W. Junk, Berlin.
Horn, George H., 1870. Revision of the Tenebrionidae of America,
North of Mexico. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. XIV. New Series,
pp. 253-454. 2 pis.
La Rivers, Ira. 1943. A List of the Eleodes of Nevada, with the
Description of a New Subspecies (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).
Jour, of Ento. and Zool., Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 53-61.
La Rivers, Ira, 1946. On the Genus Trogloderus LeConte (Coleop-
tera: Tenebrionidae). Ento. News, Vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 35-44.
1948. Notes on the Eleodini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).
Ento. News, Vol. 59. No. 4. pp. 96-101.
LeConte, John L. 1851-1852. Description of New Species of Coleop-
tera from California. Am. Lye. Nat. Hist. Vol. 5, pp. 125-216.
1858. Notes on the Species of Eleodes of the United States.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. of Philadelphia, pp. 180-188.
Leng, Charles W., 1920. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America,
North of Mexico, pp. 1-470. (Eleodini, pp. 227-229.)
and Mutchler, A. J., 1927. Supplement 1919 to 1924 (inclu-
sive) pp. 1-78. 1933. Second and Third Supplements, 1925 to
1932 (inclusive), pp. 1-112.
Say. Thomas, 1823. Desc. Expedition to Rocky Mountains. Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. of Philadelphia. Vol. III. pp. 139-216.
Wickham, Henry F., 1918. An Interesting New Species of Eleodes.
(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Ento. News, Vol. XXIX, pp.
255-257.
/ '-' u <s
The
Great Basin
m'mi]im
Volume XXI December 28, 1961 No. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Undescribed Species of Nearctic Tipulidae (Diptera). I.
By Charles P. Alexander 79
New Species of Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Mostly
Mexican. Part VI. By Stephen L. Wood 87
New Tingidae from South India (Hemiptera) . Illustrated.
By Carl J. Drake and M. Mohanasundarum 108
Index to Volume XXI 114
mi COMP. ZOOL
MAR- 21962
yHiVERSIIY
Published by
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MAR- 2 196:
HARVARD
The Great Basin Naturalist iHL
Published at Provo, Utah by
Brigham Young University
Volume XXI Dec. 28, 1961 No. 4
UNDESCRIBED SPECIES OF NEARCTIC TIPULIDAE
(DIPTERA). I.
Charles P. Ale.xander'
In the present report I am discussing various novelties from
Maine. Florida. Arizona and California, collected by Dr. A. E.
Brewer. Dr. S. W. Frost. Mr. Carl W. Kirkwood, Professor George
F. Knowlton and Dr. L. W. Saylor, respectively. The types of the
species are retained in my personal collection through the generosity
of the collectors.
Priotiocera browcriana n. sp.
Belongs to the turcica group; general coloration brownish gray;
frontal prolongation of head brownish gray, yellowed ventrally;
mesonotal praescutum with four entire dark brown stripes; antenna
with pro.ximal segments yellow, flagellar segments moderately ser-
rate, the terminal one very slender; femora obscure yellow, tips
narrowly infuscated; wings light brown, prearcular and costal fields
more brownish yellow, vein R, long and straight; abdominal tergites
light brown with a broad nearly continuous middorsal stripe; male
hypopygiuni with dorsal tergal lobes broad, tips obtuse, lateral angles
not developed; outer distist}le narrow^ed outwardly, inner style with
apex obtuse, without setae.
Male. — Length about 11 mm.; wing 11 mm.; antenna about 3.6
mm.
Frontal prolongation of head short, brownish gray above, the
apex and ventral third obscure yellow; nasus short and stout; palpi
brownish black, outer two segments more intensely so. Antennae with
scape obscure yellow, pedicel and proximal two-thirds of first flagel-
lar segments only moderately serrate, as in the group; terminal seg-
ment very slender, about one-fourth as long as the penultimate. Head
brownish gray, above with a central darker line, more expanded and
evident on the low vertical tubercle, narrowed behind; orbits and
antennal fossae obscure yellow.
Pronotal scutum brownish gray, posterior border on either side
narrowly yellowed; scutellum light yellow. Mesonotal praescutum
brownish gray, with four entire dark brown stripes, the intermediate
1. .\inherst. .Massachusetts
79
The Great Basin Naturalist
80 CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Vol. XXI, No. 4
pair broad in front, narrowed posteriorly, separated by a more brown-
ish gray central stripe, sublateral stripes obtuse in front; lateral bor-
ders darkened, humeral region light yellow; scutum gray, each lobe
with two brown areas, the posterior one large, median area with a
narrow blackened line; scutellum brownish gray with a blackened
central line that is obsolete behind, parascutella light yellow; medio-
tergite gray, lateral border light yellow, pleurotergite gray, the ele-
vated dorsal part of the katapleurotergite light yellow, silvery
pruinose. Pleura gray, restrictedly variegated with yellow on pro-
pleura, dorsal sternopleurite, pteropleurite and metapleura. Body
only moderately hairy, as compared with setosa and other species.
Halteres with stem light brown, base of knob a little darker, apex
yellowish brown, glabrous. Legs with coxae brownish gray; trochan-
ters yellow; femora obscure yellow, tips narrowly infuscated, least
evident on fore legs; tibiae brownish yellow, tips darkened; proximal
end of basitarsus light brown, remainder of tarsi black; claws simple.
Wings light brown, prearcular and costal fields, with the stigma,
more brownish yellow; obliterative area before stigma and cord
whitened, relatively conspicuous; veins brown, more brownish yel-
low in the brightened fields; veins behind R without macrotrichia.
Venation: Rs slightly less than three times m-cu; Rj long and
straight, not arcuated as in dimidiata, electa and others; petiole of
cell M longer than m.
Abdominal tergites sublaterally light brown, the middorsal region
with a broad nearly continuous blackened stripe, lateral borders
gray pruinose; basal sternites light gray, intermediate ones obscure
yellow. Male hypopygium with dorsal tergal lobes broad, narrowed
to obtuse tips, the intervening area broader than either lobe; ventral
lobes very small, widely separated; lateral tergal angles not produced,
as is the case in most species. Outer dististyle dilated at base, con-
spicuously narrowed to the obtuse tip; inner dististyle relatively
narrow, the basal lobe inconspicuous; outer half narrowed, beak ob-
tuse, glabrous; setae of dorsal crest pale, inconspicuous; no tubercles
or spines on outer half of style as in rosteUata and others. The shape
of the inner style is more as in turcica than in other European mem-
bers of the group, the broad apex of the beak with abundant pale
punctures that do not bear setae.
Habitat. — Maine (Penobscot County).
Holotype, <S , Passadumkeag. in bog, May 26, 1944 (A. E.
Brower).
I am pleased to dedicate this species to Dr. Auburn Edmond
Brower, outstanding student of the Lepidoptera, especially the genus
Catocala. I am very deeply indebted to Dr. Brower for great series of
crane-flies from Alaine that have added vastly to the state list. The
fly is quite distinct from other regional species, such as Prionocera
dimidiata (Loew), P. electa Alexander, and P. sordida (Loew), in
the structure of the male hypopygium, particularly the tergite, which
likewise differs from that of all other Holarctic species. An outstand-
Dec. 28, 1961 species of nearctic tipulidae 81
ing paper by Tjeder- records ten species of Prionocera from Sweden,
including four in the turcica group, all quite distinct from the present
fly. The only other record for the genus in New England is an im-
perfectly known specimen from Massachusetts that tentatively was
referred to Prionocera sordida but which may prove to be conspecific
with the present fly. Until further material can be examined the
strict identity of this specimen must be held in question. The wide-
spread illiistris Doane {juscipennis Loew, preoccupied; . formerly
assigned to Prionocera. actually is a species of Tipula of the subgenus
Arcotipula Alexander.
Tipula {Lunatipula) saylori n. sp.
Allied to mariposa; mesonotum gray, the praescutum with four
stripes, the intermediate pair reddish brown; femora and tibiae ob-
scure yellow, the tips narrowly dark brown; wings strongly infus-
cated. the obliterative band small but very conspicuous, no post-stig-
mal brightening; male hypopygium with tergal horns long, cylindri-
cal, simple; apex of basistyle produced into an unequally bispinous
appendage, the upper spine smaller, both spines slender and unmodi-
fied; inner distist3de with apical head enlarged and produced ven-
trally, lower beak lacking; lateral arms of gonapophyses more pro-
duced.
Male. — Length about 15-16 mm.; wing 16-17 mm.; antenna
about 5 mm.
Female. — Length about 19-21 mm.; wing 18 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head relatively long, light chestnut,
restrictedly pruinose at base; nasus long and slender; palpi brownish
black. Antennae with scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum brownish
black; male with flagellar segments only feebly incised, about equal
in length to the longest verticils. Head above grayish brown, clear
gray on front and orbits; a capillary dark brown median vitta and
scattered dark setigerous punctures on vertex.
Pronotum gray. Mesonotal praescutum gray with four stripes,
the intermediate pair reddish brown, their mesal edges on cephalic
third more darkened, lateral stripes brown; median ground vitta
without punctures, at anterior end about one-half as wide as the in-
termediate stripes; scutum gray, each lobe with two reddish brown
areas; scutellum light brownish gray; mediotergite brownish gray,
posterior third yellow, with vague brownish clouds on either side
immediately before this. Pleura and pleurotergite brown, heavily
gray pruinose; dorsopleural membrane yellow; a conspicuous yellow
spot surrounding and beneath the root of halteres. Halteres elongate,
stem brown, narrowly yellow at base, knob dark brown. Legs with
coxae pale, gray pruinose; trochanters brownish yellow; femora and
tibiae obscure yellow, tips narrowly dark brown; tarsi brownish
yellow, outwardly passing into black; claws of male toothed. Wings
with a strong brown tinge, the prearcular cells more \ellowed; cells
2. Tjeder, Bo. The Swedish Prionocera i Dipt Tipuhdaei. Opiismla Entomologica, 1948 "5-99,
14 figs.; 1948
The Great Basin Naturalist
82 CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Vol. XXI, No. 4
C and Sc more brownish yellow; stigma pale brown; small brown
spots at origin of Rs and over r-m; obliterative band beofre cord whit-
ish subhyaline, small but very conspicuous, extending into base of
cell Mj; no post-stigmal brightening; veins brown, more brownish
yellow in the paler portions. Venation; Rs about two and one-half
times m-cu; m about one-half to two-thirds the petiole of cell M ,.
Abdominal tergites yellowish brown or obscure yellow, with a
conspicuous more brownish gray median stripe and inconspicuous
brown sublateral spots on tergites two to six, lateral tergal borders
broadly obscure yellow; setigerous punctures dark, conspicuous,
especially in female; sternites obscure yellow, caudal margins re-
strictedly darker; hypopygirmi large, chestnut brown. Ovipositor long
and slender, cerci tapering gradually to the acute tips; hypovalvae
much shorter, compressed, bases blackened. Male hypopygium with
ninth tergite produced into long cylindrical horns that narrow gradu-
ally to subacute tips, the latter incurved; on ventral surface at base
of lobes with a flattened weakly bilobed darkened plate and a small
spinous point closer to midline. Ninth sternite with the appendage a
low suboval lobe that is clothed with erect long yellow setae. Basistyle
at apex produced into a long unequally bispinous appendage; upper
spine smaller, directed dorsad, the second spine directed caudad. both
spines slender and unmodified; basistyle cut off from sternite by a
suture, the ventral half deep, dorsal portion less complete. Outer
dististyle greatly reduced, placed on margin of the larger style. Inner
dististyle somewhat as in mariposa but differing in details; apical
head or beak enlarged and much produced ventrally, lower beak
lacking; in mariposa the lower beak represented by a acute spine.
Gonapophysis with lateral arms more produced than in mariposa.
Eighth sternite almost as in mariposa, the setae arranged in three
distinct groups, the enlarged lateral groups decussate.
Habitat. — California (San Diego County); Baja California.
Holotype, cT, Campo, San Diego County, California, May 18,
1945 (L. W. Saylor). Allotopotype, 9, pinned with type. Paratopo-
types, d d 9 9 , with types; paratypes, d 9 , Baja California, Mex-
ico, one-half mile south of border, near Campo. May 18, 1945 (L. W.
Saylor).
The species is named for the collector, Mr. Larry W. Saylor. It is
allied to Tipula {Lunatipula) mariposa Alexander and T. (L.)
yosemite Alexander, especially the former, differing especially in
important hypopygial characters, as discussed above. The long slen-
der tergal arms are noteworthy.
Tipula {Lunatipula) kirkwoodi n. sp.
Size large (wing of male 20 mm.); mesonotum buffy gray, the
praescutum with a broad light gray central stripe that is bordered
laterally by dark brown; legs obscure yellow, tips of femora not
darkened, claws toothed; wings brown, conspicuously striped longi-
tudinally with white, including a central line from arculus to wing
apex in cell Rs; abdomen light brown, scarcely patterned; male
Dec. 28, 19()1 species of nearctic tipulidae 83
hyj)()pygiuni with basistN'le produced at apex into a pale triangular
biado; outer dististyle generally similar in outline to the blade of
basistyle; inner dististyle profoundly bifid, the yellow outer basal
lobe slightly larger than the body of style; eighth sternite with dense
fringes of yellow setae.
Male. — Length about 20 nnn.; wing 20 mm.; antenna about
5.5 nnn.
Frontal prolongation of head relatively long, obscure yellow,
dorsal surface light gray pruinose; nasus long; palpi brown. An-
tennae with proximal three segments yellow, succeeding segments
brown, basal enlargements brownish black, outer segments black-
ened; segments subequal to the longest verticils, the basal enlarge-
ments moderately developed. Head light buffy gray; a capillary
brown central line extending from the very low vertical tubercle
backward, most evident in front.
Pronotum light buffy gray; setigerous punctures conspicuous.
Mesonotal praescutum with a broad light gray central stripe with
narrower dark brown margins, lateral praescutal stripes narrow, pale
brownish gray; all interspaces with conspicuous brown setigerous
punctures, these continued across the suture onto the lateral parts of
scutal lobes; posterior sclerites of notum buffy gray, each scutal
lobe with two pale brown areas, the inner margin of each slightly
darker. Pleura light gray, dorosopleural membrane more yellowed.
Ilalteres with stem brownish yellow, base clear yellow, knob dark
brown. Legs with coxae light gray; trochanters yellow; femora and
tibiae obscure yellow, tips not darkened, tarsi passing into black;
claws of male with a single elongate tooth. Wings brown, striped
longitudinally with whitish, including a central line from arculus
virtually to apex in cell /?,;. the stripe widest in cells R and M; bases
of anal cells and outer third of Cu similarly whitened; less evident
brightenings in cells M ; and ."I/-,- an elongate triangular grayish area
in cell R !. widened outwardly; prearcular and costal fields more ful-
vous brown, especially cell Sc; veins brown. All outer radial veins
with trichia. more sparse on outer medial veins, especially M^ and
M ,; vein 1st A with very few trichia scattered over most of the
length. 2nd A with abundant trichia on outer two-thirds; conspicu-
ous prearcular trichia on R and M and the .\nals; squama with
setae. Venation: Rs nearly twice m-cu; petiole of cell M, about one-
half longer than m; m-cu shortly before outer end of Muj^s-
Abdomen light brown, slightly pruinose; posterior borders of
tergites narrowly gray; setae short; hypopygium large, yellow. Male
hypopygium with tergite transverse, constricted medially, posterior
border broadly emarginated; lower surface with a darkened de-
pressed-flattened median lobe, its tip obtuse, and subequal lateral
blades with truncated tips. Basistyle extended caudad into a flattened
glabrous blade, tip obtusely rounded. Outer dististyle having some-
what the same outline as the blade of basistyle. triangular, narrowed
to the blunt tip. surface with long setae, those at apex short. Inner
dististvle profoundh divided into the main body and a slightly larg-
The Great Basin Naturalist
84 CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Vol. XXI, No. 4
er outer basal lobe; body of style narrow, both the beak and lower
beak blackened, obtusely rounded; outer basal lobe yellow, vestiture
inconspicuous, on inner margin longer and abundant; appendage
broadest at near two-thirds the length, lower apical margin shallowly
bilobed, apex obtuse. Aedeagus narrow; apophyses not developed.
Eighth sternite sheathing, narrowed outwardly, apex truncate, with a
broad terminal cushion that is densely fringed with long yellow
setae, the lateral ones longest.
Habitat. — Arizona ( Pima County).
Holotype^ cf , Madera Canyon, Santa Rita Mountains, 4800 feet.
April 23, 1961 (C. W. Kirkwood). Associated with Tipula (Luna-
tipula) mahavensis Alexander.
This interesting crane-fly is named in honor of the collector, Mr.
Carl W. Kirkwood, student of the (ieometridae. who has collected
many crane-flies in Arizona and California. In its striped wing pat-
tern the fly is quite distinct from other regional members of the
subgenus, superficially resembling Tipula (Bellardina) praelauta
Alexander and various species of the subgenus Yamatotipula Mat-
sumura.
Tipula {Lunatipula) incisa picturata n. subsp.
Male. — Length about 12 mm.; wing 15 mm.; antenna about
3.8 mm.
In its wing pattern most like Tipula {Lunatipula) incisa kan-
sensis Alexander, of eastern Kansas, differing in details, especially
the darker, more contrasting inarkings. Cell C more nearly hyaline;
more than the proximal half of both cells R and M more whitened,
the darkened areas in outer ends of the cells clearly defined; both
the prestigmal and postigmal whitenings much more distinct. There
appear to be some slight differences in the venation, especially in the
medial field, but due to the scanty materials of both races still avail-
able it seems inadvisable to do more than call attention to this point
for future investigations.
Habitat. — Arizona (Yavapai County).
Holotype, d", Peeple's Valley, May 11, 1945 (G. F. Knowlton).
Paratopotypes, 2 cT cT • The collector writes, "I could have secured
300 or more in the shade of two trees not far from the cafe Peoples
Valley. They were very abundant among blue grass and squirreltail
grass, in the shade."
Limnophila (Phylidorea) frosti n. sp.
Size medium (wing of female 8 mm.); mesonotal praescutum
ferruginous, [)olished, posterior sclerites of notum pruinose; antennae
light brown; front and anterior vertex silvery; legs brownish yellow,
outer tarsal segments dark brown; wings strongly tinged with brown,
es])ecially cells C and Sc; longitudinal whitened lines in cells /?, A/
and ist A; no macrotrichia on vein Sc; cell 1st M. subrectangular.
with m-cu before midlength.
Dec. 28, 1961 species of nearctic tipulidae 85
Female. — Length about 10 mm.; wing 8 mm.
Rostrum chestnut brown; palpi black. Antennae light brown,
scape pruinose; flagellar segments oval, becoming smaller and more
elongate outwardly, shorter than the verticils. Head in front light
silvery; posterior vertex darkened on sides, narrowly gray on central
part.
Pronotum highly polished, scutum black, scutellum yellowed.
Mesonotal praescutum ferruginous, polished; scutum brown, pos-
terior sclerites obscure yellow, darker medially, conspicuously
pruinose. Pleura yellow, slightly pruinose, weakly darkened on
anepisternum. Halteres yellow, apex of knob infuscated. Legs with
coxae and trochanters yellow; femora, tibiae and basitarsi brownish
yellow, outer tarsal segments dark brown. Wings with a strong
brownish tinge, especially cells C and Sc; stigma long-oval, pale
brown; a conspicuous longitudinal white line in cell R near vein M,
passing through cell 1st M2 to midlength of cell Mj; comparable
whitened lines in outer third of cell M and two in cell 1st A; veins
brown, more yellowed in the prearcular and costal fields. Macro-
trichia on most longitudinal veins beyond cord, lacking on /?^-kj + 4,-
basad of cord lacking on Sc and M; basal section of Cu, and the
Anal veins with apical trichia, very sparse on 1st /I, more numerous
on 2nd A. Venation: Sc, longer than 5cj, ending opposite fork of Rs
cell Mi approximately one-half as long as its petiole; cell 1st M
subrectangular. with m-cu before midlength.
Abdominal tergites yollowish brown, ^vith abundant yellow setae
sternites clearer yellow.
Habitat. — Florida (Highlands County).
Holotype, $ , Archbold Biological Station, at light. November 11,
1959 (S.'W. Frost).
I name this fly in honor of Dr. Stuart W. Frost who discovered
it while engaged in insect-light studies at the Archbold Biological
Station. The most similar species is Limnophila {Phylidorea) osceola
Alexander, of northern Florida, which differs in size, general colora-
tion of the wings, and in the trichiation of the wing veins.
Limnophila {Phylidorea) paeneadusta n. sp.
Belongs to the adusta group; general coloration of thorax brown,
pruinose; flagellum yellow; knobs of halteres dark brown; femora
yellow, tips narrowly dark brown; wings whitened, conspicuously
patterned with brown; veins beyond cord with macrotrichia; Rs
relatively long, about twdce m-cu; abdomen brownish yellow, sub-
terminal segments brownish black; hypopygium with the tergite
emarginate, forming oval cushions; basal sternal lobe a narrow blade,
the extended tip recurved; both dististyles yellow, terminating in
slender fingerlike lobes; aedeagus with three long slender filaments;
gonapophyses simple, tips acute.
Male. — Length about 9.5 mm.; wing 9.5 mm.; antenna about
1.9 mm.
The Great Basin Naturalist
86 CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Vol. XXI, No. 4
Rostrum stout, dark brown, gray pruinose; palpi light brown.
Antennae with scape brownish yellow, remainder of organ light
yellow, the two outer segments slightly darker; basal flagellar seg-
ments long-oval, the outer ones elongate, with long verticils. Head
gray; anterior vertex broad, about four times the diameter of scape.
Pronotal scutum medium brown, sides yellowed, scutellum chief-
ly yellow. Mesonotal praescutum opaque brown, gray pruinose; a
central darker brown stripe, darkest in front, paling to yellow behind;
scutal lobes brown, sparsely pruinose; scutellum obscure yellow;
mediotergite yellow, central part weekly brownish gray. Pleura
brown, gray pruinose, propleura, metapleura and dorsopleural mem-
brane yellowed. Ilalteres with stem yellow, knob dark brown. Legs
with all coxae and trochanters light yellow; feiuora yellow, tips
narrowly dark brown; tibiae brownish yellow, tips more narrowly
darkened; tarsi brown. Wings whitened, conspicuously patterned
with brown, including cell C, stigma, wing tip and a seam over cord,
widest on the anterior cord; narrower brown seams at outer end of
cell 1st M.,; a narrow darkened seam over vein Cu to margin; veins
brownish yellow, darker where seamed with brown. Longitudinal
veins beyond cord with macrotrichia, basad of this lacking on Sc,
Rs and 1st /4, present at tips of M and more extensively on Cu and
2nd A. Venation: Rs relatively long, about twice m-cu; cell Mi
longer than its petiole; m-cu at near one-third Mj + j,.
Abdomen brownish yellow, subterminal segments brownish
black to form a ring; styli yellowed. Male hypopygium with the
tergite emarginate, appearing as two darkened lobes that are separat-
ed by pale membrane. Basistyle stout, with long yellow setae. Disti-
styles yellow; outer style moderately flattened, the tip suddenly nar-
rowed into a fingerlike extension; inner style on more than basal half
stout, bent at a right angle into a straight slender rod. Sternal region
at base of phallosome with a narrow blade on either side, its outer
end prolonged and narrowed, finally strongly recurved. The com-
parable structure in adusta is a small subtriangular blade. Phallosome
with base of aedeagus unusually long, divided into three long slender
filaments, as in the group, these filaments nearly twice as long as the
outer dististyle; gonapaphysis appearing as a long slender simple
rod, narrowed to an acute point.
Habitat. — Maine (Penobscot County).
Holotype, cT, Chester. May 29, 1936 (A. E. Brower).
In the pattern of the wings, Limnophila (Phylidorea) paene-
adusta resembles L. (P.) adusta Osten Sacken, differing in the dark-
ened costal cell, the darkened thorax and in details of hypopygial
structure, as the basal lobes of the sternum, as described above.
NEW SPECIES OF BARK BEETLES
(COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), MOSTLY MEXICAN
PARr VI.
Stephen L. Wood'
On the following pages nineteen neotropical species of scolytid
beetles belonging to the genera Scolytopsis (1), Loganius (10),
Hcxacolus (4). Prionosceles (2), Microborus (1), Eupagiocerus (1),
and Hoplitophthorus (2) are described as new to science. Ten of
these species were taken in Mexico, three in the Panama Canal Zone,
two in Cuba, and one each in Puerto Rico, Honduras and Bolivia;
one species was taken in Florida, Puerto Rico and the Panama Canal
Zone. Seven of the species were collected by the writer while with
the 1953 expedition of the Francis Huntington Snow Entomological
Museum (University of Kansas, Lawrence) ; of the remaining species
nine were received from the United States National Museum and
one from the California Academy of Sciences.
Scolytopsis cubensis, n. sp.
This species is very closely allied to puncticollis Blandford, but
may be distinguished by the more strongly impressed striae in the
posterior areas, by the larger strial punctures with interstrial punc-
tures subequal in size, and by the slightly larger, more shallow punc-
tures of the pronotum.
Female. — Length 2.4 mm. (paratypes 2.1-2.4), 2.3 times as long
as wide; color dark brown.
Frons broadly convex above, transversely impressed immediately
above epistoma, with a broad median elevation extending from con-
vex area above partly bisecting the impression below; surface finely,
deeply, closely punctured, convergently strigose toward the weak
median elevation below; vestiture scanty, consisting of a few short,
coarse setae and a rather poorly developed epistomal brush. Eye and
antenna as in other species of the genus.
Pronotum equal in length and width; widest on posterior third,
sides arcuately converging toward the broadly rounded anterior
margin; surface smooth, shining, except reticulate in lateral areas,
with numerous minute points between the punctures; punctures
rather large, deep, oval, narrowest diameter at least five times
greater than that of minute points, those in lateral areas round and at
least three times larger than those on disc; glabrous.
Elytra 1.4 times as long as wide, 1.4 times as long as pronotum;
sides constricted on basal third, rather broadly rounded behind; sur-
face smooth near bases, minutely granulose over posterior three-
fourths; striae not impressed on basal half, distinctly impressed on
posterior half, the punctures as large and deep and somewhat closer
1. Contribution no. 179, Zoology and Entomology Department, Provo. Utah. Scolytoidea con-
tribution no. 23.
87
The Great Basin Naturalist
88 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
than in puncticollis; interstriae appearing very feebly sulcate, the
punctures deep, close, regular, almost as large as those of striae.
Declivity gradual, not steep. Vestiture consisting of rows of erect
interstrial scales as in puncticollis.
Male. — Similar to female except frons smooth and polished in
central area with a fringe of long yellowish hair arising on sides and
on vertex, largely concealing surface.
Type locality. — Cayamas, Cuba.
Type material. — The female holotype. male allotype and six
paratypes were taken at the type locality on May 9, by E. A.
Schwarz; two paratypes bear the same data, taken Jan. 20. One
para type was taken at Baragua, Cuba, on Aug. 29. 1927, from a sticky
shield, by L. A. Searamuzza.
The holotype. allotype and six paratypes are in the U. S. Na-
tional Museum; three paratypes are in the collection of the writer.
Logafiius splcndens, n. sp.
This species is allied to ficus Schwarz, but is readily distinguished
by the less strongly impressed frons which is pilose in the female,
and by the more coarsely sculptured elytral declivity.
Male. — Length 2.0 mm. (paratypes 1.7-2.1), 2.3 times as long as
wide; color reddish brown.
Frons convex above, transversely impressed above epistoma,
epistomal submargin with an impressed line on median two-thirds;
surface reticulate above, rather coarsely, closely, deeply sculptured,
the punctures moderately close above, very close below; vestiture
short, inconspicuous. Eye elongate, weakly sinuate on anterior mar-
gin; coarsely granulate. Antenna as in ficus.
Pronotum as long as wide, widest on basal third; sides weakly
arcuate and converging toward the narrowly rounded anterior mar-
gin; surface subshining, the punctures rather large, deep, close, oval,
somewhat larger in lateral areas; glabrous.
Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide; sides straight and subparallel on
basal two-thirds, rather broadly rounded behind; elytral bases weakly
raised along a continuous, irregular line; scutellum small, rounded;
striae weakly impressed, the punctures moderately large, close deep;
interstriae as wide as striae, moderately convex, smooth, subshining,
the punctures small, distinct, close. Declivity steep, convex; all striae
more strongly, narrowly impressed and all interstriae more strongly
convex than on disc; all interspaces finely tuberculate, the tubercles
becoming progressively larger laterally, largest on nine; interspaces
one, two, three and five meet ten, four joins five, six and eight end
short, seven and nine fuse apically; ton very narrow, largelv reduced
but bearing a few tubercles. Vestiture consisting of rows of short
narrow scalelike setae, each seta arising from posterior margin of a
tubercle.
Female. — Similar to male except frons flattened on a broad area
to well above eyes and bearing a subcircular brush of moderately
Dec. 28, 1961 new species of bark beetles 89
long hair, shorter toward center, extending from epistomal margin to
upper level of eyes.
Type locality. — Mexico.
Host. — Tabebuia {—Cybistax) donnell-smithii.
Type material. — The male holotype, female allotype and five
paratypes were intercepted at San Pedro, California, on Sept. 22,
1947, in ''Cybistax donnell-smithii" bark that came from Mexico.
The holotype, allotype and three paratypes are in the U. S.
National Museum; two paratypes are in the collection of the writer.
Loganius vagabundus, n. sp.
This species is rather closely allied to impressus, but is distin-
guished by the less broadly impressed frons, by the more coarsely
punctured pronotum, by the more sparsely, more deeply punctured
elytral interstriae, and by the less abundant elytral setae.
.Male. — Length 1.7 mm. (paratypes 1.2-1.7), 2.5 times as long
as wide; body color light reddish brown.
Frons convex on upper half, flattened on a subtriangular area on
lower half, more strongly impressed on a transverse line just above
epistoma, narrow epistomal margin smooth and shining; surface
retucilate, rather closely, deeply punctured above, punctures setose
on flattened area; setae moderately abundant except at center, rather
coarse, moderately long. Eye coarsely faceted; outline sinuate on
both anterior and posterior margins. Segments two to seven of an-
tennal funicle as broad as pedicle and each bearing a tuft of long
setae on inner margin; club broad, not septate, conspicuously marked
by three strongly procurved rows of setae.
Pronotum very slightly wider than long (1.02 times); widest on
basal fourth, sides convergently arcuate toward the rather narrowly
rounded anterior margin, very slightly constricted just behind an-
terior margin; surface shining, with very feeble indication of minute
longitudinal lines, and a few very minute points between the mod-
erately coarse, deep, broadly oval punctures; glabrous.
Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide; sides straight and subparallel on
basal two-thirds, narrowly rounded behind; elytral bases not raised
along a continuous costa, but with a few finely subcrenulate punc-
tures suggesting a partial raised line; striae feebly if at all impressed,
the punctures moderately large, very close, deep; interstriae sub-
convex, smooth, subshining. about one and one-half times as wide as
striae, the punctures almost as large as those of striae, rather shallow,
sparse, spaced at distances about equal to width of interstriae. De-
clivity moderately steep, convex; striae one and two more strongly
impressed, interstriae one, two. three and nine more strongly convex
than others, their punctures closer than on disc and subserrate on
anterior margins; interspaces five and seven also minutely granulate;
interspaces one and two reaching margin, three, five and seven join
nine. Vestiture limited to declivity, consisting of sparse, short, nar-
rowly flattened setae.
The Great Basin Naturalist
90 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
Female. — Similar to male except frons more strongly, broadly
impressed, the impression ending well below upper level of eyes; and
declivital sculpture finer.
Type locality. — Key West, Florida.
Host. — Ichthyornethia piscipula.
Type material. — The male holotype, female allotype and 27
paratypes were reared from the host at the type locality from May
22 to 30, 1912, by E. A. Schwarz, lot no. 9170. Nineteen other para-
types were taken at the same locality and time but do not bear a lot
number, except one specimen numbered 5952. Five paratypes are
labelled "Mona Island, Puerto Rico, April 6-8, 1927, W. A. Hoff-
man;" two paratypes are from Barro Colorado Island, Panama Canal
Zone, Sept. 1941, taken by J. Zetek, lot no. 41-20624, and seven
others are from the same locality and were taken on June 20, 1941,
at light, lot no. Z-4816. Two additional specimens evidently belong
to this species, but not designated as paratypes are lebelled "Jost
Van Eyke, Little Harbor, B. V. I., l-IV-1958, J. F. G. Clarke."
The holotype, allotype and most of the paratypes are in the U. S.
National Museum; some paratypes are in the collection of the writer.
Loganius impressus, n. sp.
This species is allied to ficus Schwarz but is distinguished by the
much smaller size, by the dull more coarsely sculptured elytral sur-
face, by the more finely punctured pronotum, and by the much more
shallowly impressed, more strongly pubescent frons.
Male. — Length 1.5 mm. (paratypes 1.3 and L4), 2.3 times as
long as wide; body color reddish brown.
Frons very shallowly. broadly concave almost to upper level of
eyes; a rather wide, subtriangular, smooth shining epistomal area
immediately above epistomal brush; surface of impressed area finely
granulate-punctate, largely obscured by abundant, subplumose yel-
low setae of moderate length. Eye large, coarsely faceted; anterior
margin sinuate. Antennal scape short, stout; funicle as long as scape,
with segments two to seven each as wide as pedicle and bearing on
ventral margin long setae none of which extend beyond tip of club;
club large, broadly obovate, about as long as scape and funicle com-
bined, 1.3 times as long as wide, with three strongly procurved
stures indicated by rows of setae, the first not quite reaching middle.
Pronotum very slightly wider than long (1.04 times), widest on
basal fourth, sides evenly, arcuately convergent toward the narrow,
but broadly rounded anterior margin; basal and lateral margins with
a fine, raised line; surface apparently minutely, longitudinally stri-
gose on anterior half, becoming smooth posteriorly, and with rather
fine longitudinally elongate punctures, becoming smaller posteriorly
and with a few very minute pores interspersed posteriorly. Glabrous.
Elytra 1.4 times as long as wide, 1.6 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and subparallel on slightly more than basal half, rather
narrowly rounded behind; humeral angles abrupt; first striae dis-
Doc. 28, 1961 NEW SPECIES OF BARK BEETLES 91
linctly impressed from base others feebly impressed, the punctures
fine, distinct, in regular rows; inters triae about three times as wide as
striae, their surface smooth but very dull, the punctures in uniseriate
median rows, small, all finely graulate; basal margins almost straight
and irregularly raised, interspaces two to six with up to six poorly
devel()j)ed subcrenulate elevations near base; scutellum small, round-
ed in outline, scarcely at all depressed. Declivity evenly convex, mod-
erately steep, all striae rather narrowly impressed; interspaces one,
two, three, five, seven and nine modrately convex and tuberculate,
costal margin and posterior portion of ten also tuberculate, tubercles
on lateral interspaces appearing somewhat larger; interspace one
joins costal margin, two joins ten, three joins fused seven and nine,
four and six end short of five. In dorsal profile interspace nine ap-
pears very finely serrate on posterior half of elytra; ten finely serrate
on anterior half. Vestiture confined to declivity, consisting of rows of
short, stout, semi-erect almost scalelike setae arising from interspacial
tubercles; longest setae about one-third as long as distance between
rows.
Female. — Similar to male except frons evidently more strongly
impressed.
Type locality. — Chilpancingo. Guerrero, Mexico.
Type material. — The male holotype, female allotype and one
male paratype were taken at the type locality on Oct. 22, 1941, at
light by D. S\. DeLong. All three specimens are in the collection of
the writer.
Loganius prociduus, n. sp.
This species is closely allied to impressus but is readily distin-
guished by the more coarsely sculptured elytra, by the longer, more
scalelike, recumbent declivital setae, and b\' the very different ar-
rangement of the elytral interspaces.
Female. — Length 1.4 mm. (paratype 1.5), 2.6 times as long as
wide; body color reddish brown.
Frons very shallowly, broadly concave from the sinuate epistomal
margin to upper level of eyes; epistomal margin subcarinately raised
and obscurely overlapping epistomal brush, with a rather narrow
smooth subshining area immediately above epistomal brush; surface
of impressed area finely granulate-punctate, largely obscured by
abundant subplumose yellow setae of moderate length. Eye and an-
tenna essentially as in impressus.
Pronotum 1.05 times as wide as long, widest on basal third, sides
converging somewhat to\^ard the broadly rounded anterior margin;
basal and lateral margins marked by a fine raised line; surface dull,
the punctures moderately abundant, rather small except larger in
lateral areas, oval, the interspaces with a few very mmute pores.
Glabrous.
Elytra about 1.5 times as long as wide, 1.6 times as long as pro-
notum; sides straight and subparallel on slightly more than basal
The Great Basin Naturalist
92 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
half, rather narrowly rounded behind; humeral angles abrupt; striae
slightly impressed, the punctures moderately large, in regular rows;
interstriae less than one and one-half times as wide as striae, the
punctures almost as large as those of striae, moderately spaced in
single rows, those toward base with anterior margin raised, those
near declivity appearing subvulcanate, surface almost smooth, dull;
basal margins slightly impressed toward scutellum. subcrenulately
raised, basal area somewhat irregular but not subcrenulate; scutellum
almost round in outline, very slightly if at all depressed. Declivity
evenly conve.x. moderately sleep, all striae narrower and more strong-
ly impressed than on disc; costal margin and all interspaces, except
eight, convex and serrate; serrations uniseriate, moderately coarse,
evidently larger laterally; interspaces one, two, three, and five
(usually evidently fused to seven and nine) all reaching costal mar-
gin, four, six and eight end near iniddle of declivity; ten with two to
five small tubercles near posterior extremity; interspace nine serrate
on posterior half of elytra, ten evidently minutely serrate on anteiior
half. Vestiture confined to posterior half of elytra and sides, consist-
ing of interspacial rows of short recumbent spatulate scales arising
from interstrial punctures; each scale equal in length to half the dis-
tance between rows of scales, and each about four times as long as
wide.
Type locality. — LaCeiba. Honduras.
Type material. — The female holotype and one female j>aratype
were collected at the type locality on May 29, 1949, at light, by E. C.
Becker. Both specimens are in the collection of the writer.
Loganius liratus, n. sp.
The transverse epistomal carina, the frontal vestiture. the sculp-
turing of the elytral declivity, and the small size will distinguish
this species from all known representatives of the genus.
Female. — Length 1.5 mm. (paratypes 1.3-1.5), 2.5 times as long
as wide; body color dark reddish brown.
Frons convex above, transversely impressed on lower half with
a rather high, narrow, rounded, transverse carina occupying median
half, rising abruptly below, sloping gradually above; epistoma wdth
median portion produced in front of mandibles; surface reticulate-
granulate, moderately punctured at sides and above; vestiture con-
sisting of a conspicuous brush of short erect yellow hair on median
half between carina and a point just below upper level of eyes, epis-
tomal brush emerging from lower margin of the smooth, shining,
glabrous carina. Eyes and antenna as in prociduus.
Pronotum equal in length and width; widest on basal third, the
sides arcuately converging to the moderate transverse constriction
just behind the broadlv rounded anterior margin; almost smooth and
suhshining posteriorly, the punctures moderately coarse and deep,
rather close, oval. Glabrous.
Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide, 1.6 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and subparallel on basal two-thirds, rather narrowly
Dec. 28, 1961 new species of hark beetles 93
rounded behind; siitiiial striae weakly, others not at all impressed;
interspaces more than twice as wide as striae, the punctures very fine,
subgranulate, sparse, surface smooth, subshining; basal margins
rounded, raised and subcrenulate, with a few small submarginal
crenulations on interspaces two to five; scutellum slightly depressed,
almost round in outline. Declivity evenly convex; moderately steejj;
striae weakly impressed, odd numbered interspaces more nearly
convex; interspaces dull, one, two, three, five, seven, nine and costal
margin each bearing a row of fine rather widely spaced tubercles,
those on seven, nine and costal margin larger, five devoid of tubercles
on lower two-thirds; interspace one joins raised costal margin, two,
three and five separately join the fused seven and nine, ten virtually
obsolete in declivital region. Vestiture sparse, inconspicuous, confined
to declivity, except extending onto disc on odd numbered interspaces;
each seta fine, blunt, bnstlelike, about half as long as space between
rows, separated by three to four times their length from nearest
bristle in same row.
Male. — Similar in all respects to female.
Type locality. — Twelve miles southeast of Matamoros. Puebla,
Mexico.
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype and 44
paratypes were taken at the type locality on July 3, 1953. by S. L.
Wood. The host tree had reddish, peeling bark; the galleries were in
branches varying from one-fourth to four inches in diameter.
The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow
Entomological Museum; other paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Loganius fastigius, n. sp.
This species is allied to prociduus but may be distinguished by
the convex frons, by the transverse frontal carina, by the prominent
crenulate tubercles of the elytral disc, and by the finer declivital
sculpture.
Female. — Length 1.6 mm. (paratypes 1.4-1.7), 2.6 times as long
as wide; body color rather dark reddish brown.
Frons convex, with a broad, rather sharply elevated, transverse
carina just above epistomal margin; lower slope of carina more grad-
ual, smooth, shining. uj)per slope more abrupt, reticulate and bearing
several setae; surface above carina minutely granulose. impunctate
in central area, finely, sparsely punctured at sides and above; vesti-
ture longer and more conspicuous along upper slope of carina and
along epistomal margin, a glabrous area extending from above bases
of mandibles across lower slope of carina. Eye and antenna as in
prociduus.
Pronotum 1.05 times as wide as long, widest on basal third, sides
weakly arcuate behind, abruptly converging anteriorly toward the
broadly rounded anterior margin; basal and lateral margins marked
by a fine raised line; surface dull minutely longitudinally strigose.
The Great Basin Naturalist
94 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
the punctures moderately abundant, rather small, oval, the inter-
spaces with a few very minute pores. Glabrous.
Elytra 1.3 times as long as wide. 1.4 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and subparallel on slightly less than basal half, rather
narrowly rounded behind; humeral angles abrupt; first striae mod-
erately impressed, others feebly, if at all impressed; strial punctures
small, in regular rows; interstriae at least twice as wide as striae,
surface marked by a few irregular lines, the punctures slightly small-
er than those of striae and each bearing on its raised anterior rim a
low transverse crenulation about equal in length to half the width of
an interspace, except crenulations entirely absent on interspaces four
and six; basal margins straight, slightly impressed near scutellum.
anterior margins subcrenulately elevated and with a few submargin-
al crenulations on interspaces two to four; scutellum round in outline,
distinctly depressed below general surface of elytra. Declivity evenly
convex, rather steep; striae more strongly, narrowly impressed; in-
terspaces feebly convex, the crenulations much narrower, very slight-
ly higher; interspaces four, six and eight entirely unarmed; inter-
space one evidently meets costal margin, two meets ten, three meets
fused seven and nine, four and six join five and end before meeting
fused seven and nine; ten bearing four or five small tubercles pos-
teriorly; posterior costal margin with a few puncturess, sinuate, not
serrate; interspace ten subserrate on basal half of elytra, nine on
posterior half. Vestiture scanty, consisting of stout, sparse almost
scalelike interstrial setae on declivity and posterior portion of disc
except on interspaces four and six, each seta equal in length to
about half the distance between rows of setae.
Fifth abdominal sternum bearing a low transverse ridge near
middle of segment.
Male. — Similar in all respects to the female.
Type locality. — Nine miles northwest of Acatlan, Puebla,
Mexico.
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype and 19
paratypes were collected at the type locality on July 13, 1953, from
host plant no. 50 deposited in th University of Kansas herbarium,
by S. L. Wood. The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the
Snow Entomological Museum; other paratypes are in the collection
of the writer.
Loganius con finis, n. sp.
The concave, pubescent frons with its broad, elevated epistomal
process, the impressed scutellar area of the elytra, the simple de-
clivity, and the small size serve to distinguish this species from all
other representatives of the genus.
Female. — Length 1.7 mm. (paratypes 1.4-1.9), 2.3 times as long
as wide; body color rather dark reddish brown.
Frons broadly, rather deeply concave from epistomal carina to
upper margin of eyes; a smooth, shining, transverse band immediate-
ly above epistomal margin elevated and subcarinate, less well
Dec. 28, 1961 new species of bark beetles 95
developed but simihir to that of jastigius, extending almost from
lateral margin to lateral margin; reticulate-granulate above and at
sides, finely punctured in lower part of concave area; vestiture con-
fined to concave area, fine, rather long, more abundant below and
laterally, the fine, sparse epistomal brush apparently rising from
beneath lower margin of lower slope of the transverse carina. Eye
and antenna as in prociduus.
Pronotum 1.05 times as wide as long, widest on basal third, sides
converging somewhat toward the constriction just behind the rather
narrowly rounded anterior margin; basal and lateral margins marked
by a fine raised line; surface rather dull, indistinctly, minutely longi-
tudinally strigose, the punctures moderately small, narrowly oval,
rather close. Glabrous.
Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide, 1.6 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and subparallel on basal two-thirds, rather narrowly
rounded behind; humeral angles rounded; straie not impressed except
first, the punctures very fine, rather close; interstriae at least three
times as wide as striae, the punctures slightly if at all smaller than
those of striae, rather close, in uniseriate rows, surface smooth, dull;
elytral bases subcrenulately raised, except impressed near scutellum,
several low crenulations on interspaces two to six; scutellum small,
oval in outline, rather strongly depressed. Declivity evenly convex,
rather steep; striae feebly impressed, interspaces one, two, three,
seven, nine and ten very weakly convex wdth exceedingly minute
tubercles in uniseriate rows; interspace one meets costal margin, two
meets ten. three meets fused seven and nine; weakly raised costal
margin with setose punctures, not at all granulate. Vestiture almost
obsolete, a few minute interstrial bristles on declivity, none longer
than one-third the distance separating rows of bristles.
Male. — Similar to female in all respects.
Type locality. — Four miles east of La Pas on the road to Las
Cruces, Baja California, Mexico.
Host. — Sapium biloculare.
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype and 88
paratypes were taken at the type locality on Dec. 23. 1958, from
dead branches of the host, by H. B. Leech. The holotype. allotype and
some paratypes are in the California Academy of Sciences; other
paratypes are in the collection of the writer.
Loganius niger, n. sp.
This minute species is distinguished from the foregoing species by
the black color, by the sexually dimorphic frons, by the simple struc-
ture of the elytral declivity, and by the small size.
Female. — Length 1.2 mm. (paratypes 1.15-1.25), 2.6 times as
long as wide; body color black, vestiture white.
The Great Basin Naturalist
96 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
Frons broadly fltittened from epistomal margin to upper level of
eyes, transversely impressed on lower third; surface minutely granu-
losa very finely closely punctured in impressed area and densely
pubescent from epistomal margin to upper level of eyes, the setae
subplumose. moderately long, almost white, epistomal brush not
separated from other setae. Eye rather finely faceted, deeply sinuate
on anterior margin. Antennal club about three-fourth as long as com-
bined length of scape and funicle; first suture reaching only one-third
the length, all sutures rather broadly procurved.
Pronotum 1.1 times as wide as long, widest on basal third, sides
arcuately converging slightly toward the narrowly rounded anterior
margin; basal and lateral margins marked by a fine, raised line;
surface subshining, the punctures fine, elongate, rather sparse. Glab-
rous.
Elytra 1.7 times as long as wide, sides straight and subparallel
on slightly more than basal half, rather narrowly rounded behind;
humeral angles rather narrowly rounded; striae not impressed, the
punctures small, distinct, separated by almost twice their own di-
ameters, in regular rows; interstriae one to three times wider than
striae, one and three wider than two and four, smooth, subshining,
the punctures sparse, fine, minutely subgranulate on one and three
to base; basal margins almost straight, impressed toward scutellum,
finely irregularly raised from about interspace two to six, a few
submarginal subcrenulate elevations; scutellum small depressed,
longer than wide. Declivity evenly convex, moderately steep; striae
weakly impressed, the interspaces feebly convex; interstrial granules
moderately large, rounded, rather widely spaced, in uniseriate rows
on all interspaces except absent on four, six, eight and ten; costal
margin finely raised and sinuate, confluence of interspaces with
costal margin or with one another not clear, except possibly three
and nine, interspace ten minutely serrate on basal half of elytra,
nine minutely serrate on posterior half. Vestiture scanty, consisting
of sparse rows of erect, blunt interstrial bristles on declivity and
sides.
Male. — Similar to female except frons convex above, impunctate
at center, and glabrous.
Type locality. — Sixteen miles west of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca,
Mexico.
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype and 28
para types were collected at the type locality on July 8, 1953, by S. L.
Wood. The host plant was a somewhat grasslike herbaceous shrub
that grew in dense shade; when cut an abundant milky fluid escaped.
A sample of the host, plant no. 42, is deposited in the University of
Kansas herbarium. The galleries were immediately below the thin
bark where the beetles worked in pairs.
The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow En-
tomological Museum; other paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Dec. 28, 1961 new spkcif.s of bark beetles 97
Ilcxaculus multistriatus, n. sp.
This species is cillied to schwarzi (Hopkins) but is larger, more
coarsely sculptured, and darker in color than other species known to
me.
Female. — Length l2.1 mm. (paratypes \. 7-2.1)., 2.3 times as long
as wide; body color very dark brown.
Frons weakly convex, smooth, shining and glabrous on a small
median area extending from just below upper level of eyes half the
distance to epistomal margin, lower half and sides rather finely,
closely punctured, gradually raised to epistomal margin; epistomal
margin with a median lobe extending in front of mandibles; vestilure
consisting of moderately dense, long, plumose yellow setae arising
from vertex to upper and lateral margins of glabrous area, shorter
and not plumose on punctured area below. Eye elongate, entire.
Pronotum 1.2 times as long as wide; widest on basal fourth, the
sides almost straight and feebly converging on basal two thirds then
abruptly narrowed to the rather broadly rounded anterior margin;
asperities rather coarse, extending in median area to basal third,
gradually decreasing in size posteriorly, similar to but coarser than
in schwarzi; surface subreticulate and rather coarsely, closely, deeply
punctured behind and at sides; subshining; lateral and basal margins
acutely marked by a fine raised line; summit indefinite. Glabrous.
Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide, 1.6 times as long as pronotum;
sides almost straight and subparallel on basal two-thirds, rather
broadly rounded behind; striae feebly if at all impressed, the punc-
tures small, in rows, separated by distances about equal to their own
diameters; interstriae smooth, shining, more than twice as wide as
striae, the punctures large, almost as large as those of striae, close, in
semi-definite rows; basal margins with a fine raised line similar to
that of pronotum. Declivity steep, convex; striae nearest suture weak-
ly impressed; sutural interspace weakly raised below, two somewhat
impressed; all interspaces with a few moderately large rounded,
widely spaced granules on upper half; all punctures tending to be-
come smaller and confused on lower third. Disc glabrous; sparse,
rather short, slender hairlike setae arising from declivital granules.
Male. — Similar to female except frons more nearly convex, uni-
formly reticulate with sparse punctures, rather strongly transversely
punctured above the smooth shining, slightly elevated epistomal
margin, a weak median carina extending from impression to margin;
and declivital granules very slightly larger.
Type locality. — Five miles west of Villa Juarez, Puebla, Mexico.
Type material.— The female holotype, male allotype and 32
paratypes were taken on June 25, 1953. from a branch of a small
tree, by S. L. Wood. The galleries of adults and larvae were deep in
the sapwood. They were of the radiate type, with one to four females
associated with each male.
The Great Basin Naturalist
98 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow En-
tomological Museum; other paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Hexacolus redculatus, n. sp.
The sculpture of the pronotum of this species resembles that of
glabrellus Schedl, but the frons and elytra are entirely different.
Female. — Length 1.6 mm. (paratypes 1.5-1.8), 2.5 times as long
as wide; body color very dark brown.
Frons flattened (feebly convex) on lower two-thirds; smooth,
shining and glabrous on median area on slightly more than lower
half of flattened area to the poorly developed epistomal brush; coarse-
ly, closely punctured on crescent area above impunctate portion, a
few feeble punctures laterally; epistomal margin with median lobe
extending in front of mandibles; vestiture consisting of rather
abundant, long, fine yellow hairlike setae, arising in punctured area
well below upper margins of eyes, setae less abundant and shorter at
sides and along epistomal margin. Eye and antenna as in other species
of genus.
Pronotum 1.04 times as long as wide; widest on basal third, the
sides evenly arcuate and converging slightly toward the broadly
rounded anterior margin, asperities before summit rather fine, as in
glabrellus, but with feeble indications of their continuance well be-
hind indefinite summit; surface dull, reticulate, with fine sparse
punctures behind and at sides; basal and lateral margins marked by
fine raised line. Glabrous.
Elytra 1.6 times as long as wide, 1.7 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and subparallel on basal two-thirds, rather narrowly
rounded behind; striae not impressed, the shallow punctures in ir-
regular rows, separated by about twice their own diameters; inter-
striae evidently two to three times as wide as striae, the surface dull,
reticulate, and, on basal half, irregularly somewhat wrinkled, the
punctures about two-thirds as large as those of striae, in irregular
rows, somewhat obscure in wrinkled area; basal margins with fine
raised line as in other species. Declivity rather steep, evenly convex;
first striae very feebly impressed near middle; all punctures some-
what reduced, obsolete toward apex. Elytra glabrous, except declivity
and sides wdth minute hairlike setae arising from interstrial punc-
tures, each seta scarcely longer than a distance equal to diameter of a
puncture.
Male. — Similar to female except frons more nearly convex,
reticulate, finely and sparsely punctured, and without conspicuous
vestiture; punctures of elytral disc more clearly evident, and punc-
tures of elytral declivity more strongly reduced.
Type locality. — Twelve miles southeast of Matamoros, Puebla,
Mexico.
Host. — Ficus sp.
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype and 67
paratypes were collected at the type locality on July 3, 1953, from
Dec. 28, 1961 new species of bark beetles 99
the bark of branches of what appeared to be the strangler fig, by
S. L. Wood.
The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow En-
tomological Museum; other paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Hexacolus tenuis, n. sp.
This small, slender, pubescent species is entirely different from
all other known species in the genus.
Female. — Length 1.3 mm. (paratypes 1.1-1.3), 3.0 times as long
as wide; mature body color very dark brown, almost black.
Frons transversely impressed on lower half, epistomal margin
slightly elevated; surface rather coarsely, subgranulately punctured
above, finely punctured in impressed area; vestiture consisting of a
brush of long yellow, subplumose setae beginning well below upper
level of eyes, directed ventrad, setae on lower and epistomal areas
less abundant but almost as long. Eye and antenna as in other species.
Pronotum 1.3 times as long as wide; sides straight and parallel on
basal two-thirds, rather narrowly rounded on the subserrate anterior
margin; asperiteies rather small, moderately high, confined to an-
terior third; posterior and lateral areas obscurely reticulate, subshin-
ing, coarsely, deeply and rather closely punctured; summit indefinite,
near anterior third; basal and lateral margins marked by a fine,
raised line; vestiture short, coarse in asperate area, fine behind,
rather sparse, not conspicuous.
Elytra 1.9 times as long as wide, 1.5 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and subparallel on basal two-thirds, rather broadly
rounded behind; striae not impressed, the setiferous punctures rather
large, deep, separated by a distance equal to less than their own
diameters; interstriae as wide as striae, smooth, shining, the punc-
tures fine, sharp, setiferous; basal margins with fine raised line.
Declivity rather steep, evenly convex; strial punctures reduced, the
sutural row weakly impressed, all rows equal in size to and somewhat
confused with those of interspaces. Vestiture similar on disc and
declivity, consisting of rather abundant, short, recumbent, hairlike
strial and interstrial setae, each hair about twice as long as the width
of a strial puncture; and long, erect, interstrial hairlike setae arising
from every third to fifth interstrial puncture on interspaces one,
three, five, seven and nine.
Male. — Similar to female except frons evenly convex with a
narrow transverse impression just above epistomal margin, the
frontal vestiture sparse, inconspicuous.
Type locality. — Twelve miles southeast of Matamoros, Puebla,
Mexico.
Host. — Ficus sp.
Type material. — The female holotype, male allotype and seven
paratypes were taken on July 3, 1953, by S. L. Wood, from bark of
the same branch of strangler fig that contained the previous species,
reticulatus.
The Great Basin Naturalist
100 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
The holoty])e, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow En-
tomological Museum; other paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Hexacolus obscurus, n. sp.
This species is somewhat allied to schwarzi Hopkins, but is not
closely related; it may be distinguished from Hopkins' species by the
fine sculpture and the much finer punctures of pronotum and elytra.
Female. — Length 1.3 mm. (paratypes 1.0-1.3), 2.4 times as long
as wide; body color brown.
Frons flattened, feebly convex from well above eyes to epistomal
margin; oval median area from well below upper level of eyes to just
above epistomal margin smooth, shining, impunctate; moderately
punctured above to well above upper level of eyes, at sides and
above epistoma; vestiture consisting of long, subplumose yellow hair-
like setae arising on punctured area above, becoming shorter and less
abundant toward epistoma. Eye and antenna as in other species of
the genus.
Pronotum about as long as wide; sides almost straight and parallel
on basal half, broadly rounded in front; asperities fine, low, rather
close, decreasing in size and abundance posteriorly to two-thirds of
pronotal length from anterior margin; posterior and lateral areas
dull, subrugose-reticulate, the punctures very small and shallow,
almost entirely obscured by the irregular surface structures; lateral
and basal margins acutely marked by a fine raised line; summit
indefinite, on anterior half; glabrous.
Elytra 1.6 times as long as wide 1.7 times as long as pronotum;
sides almost straight and subparallel on basal two-thirds, rather nar-
rowly rounded behind; striae not at all impressed, the punctures
small, shallow, rather indefinite; interstriae at least twice as wide as
striae, rather smooth, shining, with a few minute pores scarcely
visible at a magnification of 80 diameters, the usual interstrial punc-
tures entirely absent; basal margins with a fine raised line similar to
that of pronotum. Declivity steep, convex; strial punctures reduced
in size but deeper than on disc; interstrial punctures minute, not
clearly defined. Subglabrous with very minute strial setae and, on
declivity, interstrial setae; each seta not longer than a distance equal
to the diameter of a strial puncture.
Male. — Similar to female except frons evenly convex, uniformly
reticulate and finely punctured, vestiture inconspicuous, hairlike.
Type locality. — Three miles southwest of Martinez de la Torre,
Vera Cruz, Mexico.
Type material. — 1 he female holotype, male allotype and 44
paratypes were collected at the type locality on June 26, 1953. from
an herbaceous treelike shrub, by S. L. Wood. Galleries were of the
radiate type with most of the egg galleries transverse; larval mines
paralleled the axis.
Dec. 28, 1961 new species of bark beetles 101
The liolutype, allotype aiul some {)aratypes are in the Snow En-
tomological Museum; other paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Microhorus Blandlord
The monobasic genus Microhorus was described by Blandford
(1897. Biologia Ontrali-AnuMicana, Coleoptera 4(6): 175) for a
single specimen of his species hoops that was taken in Guatemala.
Since its description two additional species, irnitans and aberrans
have been added to the genus by Eggers. A recent opportunity to
study cotypes of Pseudocrypturgus carncrunus Eggers, from Africa,
makes necessary the addition of a fourth species to the genus. With
this transfer of the type species, camerunus, the monobasic genus
Pseudocrypturgus Eggers (1919, Ent. Blatt. 15:236) becomes a
snyonym of Microhorus.
Microhorus camerunus (Eggers), n. comb.
This is the only representative of the genus known to occur out-
side of the Neotropical realm. As was suspected several years ago,
evidence is now available that suggests it was introduced to Africa
from a neotropical area. Tw^o specimens in my collection, unques-
tionably belonging to this species, were taken at Olanchito and La
Ceiba. Honduras. Setae on the lower portion of the declivity of the
Olanchito specimen are a little stouter at their bases than those of
Eggers cotypes. Two additional specimens tentatively assigned to this
species, from Jamaica, are in the U. S. National Museum collection.
One of these has the declivital setae as in the Olanchito specimen; in
the other, the basally broad setae are more generally distributed on
the declivity.
Microhorus lautus, n. sp.
This species evidently is more closely allied to hoops Blandford
than to other known representatives of the genus, but may be distin-
guished by the shining surface of head and pronotum, by the more
coarsely, closely, deeply punctured pronotum. and by the slightly
smaller size.
Female. — Length 1.5 mm. (paratypes 1.25-1.55), 2.7 times as
long as wide; color of eyltra light brown, pronotum dark, head almost
black.
Frons rather weakly convex, somewhat flattened below, with a
pair of rather short longitudinal calluses extending dorsad from a
point between and just above antennal bases; calluses and epistomal
margin lighter in color; surface smooth and shining in central and
dorsal areas, subreticulate at sides, punctures small, deep, rather
sparse, absent on calluses; vestiture short, sparse, inconspicuous. Eye
somewhat reniform. the anterior margin almost straight. Antennal
club small, devoid of sutures.
Pronotum 1.3 times as long as wide, widest at base; sides straight
(or very feebly constricted) and converging slightly on basal three-
fourths, weakly, transversely constricted just behind the rather
The Great Basin Naturalist
102 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
broadly rounded anterior margin; weakly arched from base to trans-
verse constriction; surface smooth and brightly shining, the punc-
tures moderately large, close, deep, except narrowly impunctate
along posterior two-thirds of median line; vestiture consisting of
minute, erect, sparse hairlike setae, longer near anterior margin.
Elytra 1.7 times as long as wide; sides almost straight and sub-
parallel on basal three-fourths, rather broadly rounded behind;
striae not impressed except the first, the punctures large, close, deep;
interstriae very slightly narrower than striae, smooth, shining, the
punctures fine, moderately close. Declivity rather steep, convex;
striae one and two slightly impressed; posterior third of interspace
nine and apex of seven irregularly, rather weakly carinate, the
carinae fusing and continuing to costal margin at apex of interspace
two; all interspaces bearing a median row of fine rounded granules.
Vestiture consisting of rows of hairlike interstrial setae, fine on disc,
coarse on declivity, and minute strial setae; interstrial setae on
declivity almost as long as a distance equal to space between rows of
setae, except longer on interspaces seven and nine.
Male. — Similar in all respects to the female.
Type locality. — Leper Island, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Host. — Nerium sp.
Type material. — The holotype, allotype and seven paratypes
were collected at the type locality on May 17, 1935, from dead Ole-
ander twigs, by F. Sein.
The holotype, allotype and four paratypes are in the U. S.
National Museum; three paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Prionosceles glaber, n. sp.
This species is unique in the genus in having the elytra entirely
glabrous; the comparatively large size and confused elytral punctures
also serve to distinguish it from previously described species.
Male. — Length 2.6 mm. (paratypes 2.4-2.8), 2.1 times as long
as wide; color black, antennae and legs somewhat lighter.
Frons broadly, uniformly convex, with a slight transverse impres-
sion just above epistomal margin; surface reticulate, the punctures
rather fine, deep, moderately close, finer and more abundant on im-
pressed area; vestiture fine, short, inconspicuous except for a rather
dense brush of moderately long yellow hair directed orad. Eye elon-
gate, entire; finely granulate. Antennal club small, with two weakly
procurved sutures indicated by rows of setae.
Pronotum about as long as wide; sides straight and parallel, then
abruptly narrowed to the rather narrowly rounded anterior margin;
basal and lateral margins marked by a conspicuous fine raised line;
rather strongly arched from basal to anterior margin; surface sub-
shining, obscurely, very finely reticulate; punctures very fine, deep,
moderately abundant, appearing subcrenulately wrinkled on anterior
fourth; glabrous.
Dec. 28, 1961 new species of bark beetles 103
Elytra 1.3 times as long as wide, about 1.4 times as long as pro-
noutm; sides straight and parallel on basal two-thirds, rather
abruptly, broadly rounded behind; striae obscurely indicated on base
of disc, the punctures very fine and confused posteriorly with the
abundant, confused, interstrial punctures. Tenth interspace costiform
to declivity; ninth interspace elevated near declivital base. Declivity
steep, convex; positions of striae one and two impressed, interspaces
one. two and three convex on middle third; all punctures minute,
deep, confused. Elytra entirel}- glabrous.
Female. — Similar to male except frons broadly flattened on lower
two-thirds, impressed just above epistoma, and bearing a conspicuous
brush of rather abundant, moderately long, fine, yellow hair uni-
formly distributed over entire flattened area from just belo\v upper
level of eyes of epistomal margin; impressions and elevations of
elytral declivity obscure.
Type locality. — Summit, Panama Canal Zone.
Host. — Cecropia sp.
Type material. — The male holotype, female allotype and six
paratypes were collected at the type locality during October 1946,
from dead Cecropia leaf petioles, by N. L. H. Krauss, lot no. 937.
Three paratypes bear the same data except they were taken during
September, 1946, lot no. 810.
The holotype. allotype and seven paratypes are in the U. S.
National Museum; three paratypes are in the collection of the
writer.
Prionosceles panam.ensis, n. sp.
This species is more closely allied to glaber than to other known
species, but may be distinguished by the smaller size, by the distinc-
tive sculpture of the frons in both sexes, by the impressed striae, and
by the more gradual elytral declivity.
Male. — Length 2.3 mm. (paratypes 2.1-2.4), 2.0 times as long
as wide; color dark brown.
Frons broadly convex, with lower part of median half bearing a
large, conspicuous, almost hemispherical elevation; surface reticulate,
the punctures moderately coarse, rather deep and close, more
abundant and slightly smaller on lower half including circular area
occupied by elevation; vestiture restricted to a few epistomal hairs.
Eye elongate, entire; finely granulate. Antennal club as in glaber.
Pronotum about as long as wide; sides straight and i)arallel, then
abruptly narrowed to the rather narrowly rounded anterior margin;
basal and lateral margins marked by a conspicuous fine raised line;
rather strongly arched from basal to anterior margin; surface rather
dull, reticulate; punctures very fine, deep, moderately abundant,
appearing subcrenulately wrinkled on anterior fourth; glabrous.
Elvtra 1.1 times as long as wide, 1.2 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and parallel on slightly less than basal two-thirds.
The Great Basin Naturalist
104 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI. No. 4
broadly rounded behind; striae slightly impressed, particularly the
first, the punctures small, deep, close; interstriae smooth, shining,
about three times as wide as striae, the punctures not inore than half
as large as those of striae, in rather definite rows at base, confused
toward declivital base. Tenth interspace narrowly carinate from base
to declivity; ninth interspace similarly raised on part of posterior
half. Declivity beginning at basal third, gradual at first, rather steep
on lower half, convex; striae one strongly impressed on upper half;
all interspaces appearing narrower than on disc, each bearing a row
of sparse, rounded granules. Vestiture consisting of sparse rows of
short erect yellow hair on lower portion of declivity.
Female. — Similar to male except frons bi-oadly subconcavely
impressed, closely, deeply, rather coarsely punctured, and finely
pubescent, the setae forming a sparse brush in impressed area.
Type locality. — Summit. Panama Canal Zone.
Host. — Cecropia sp.
Type material. — The male holotype. female allotype and seven
paratypes were taken at the type locality during October. 1946. from
dead Cecropia leaf petioles, by N. L. H. Krauss, lot no. 937. Five
additional paratypes bear the same data except they were collected
during September. 1946, lot no. 810.
The holotype, allotype and eight paratypes are in the U. S.
National Museum; four paratypes are in the collection of the writer.
Eupagiocerus serratus, n. sp.
This species differs conspicuously from those previously known
by the coarsely tuberculate elytral declivity.
Male. — Length 2.2 imm.. 2.0 times as long as wide; color dark
brown.
Frons above antennal bases convex, smooth and polished in cen-
tral area, reticulate at sides and above, epistomal margin narrowly,
weakly elevated with a flattened, rugose-reticulate, sparsely punc-
tured area immediately above; antennal bases connected by a broad,
wide, straight, rather high acute carina, subvertical on lower side,
moderately sloping, punctured and pubescent on upper side; vestiture
moderately abundant, longer and finer below, coarse and relatively
short on upper slope of carina, a few setae along lateral margins
above. Eye elongate, entire; finely granulate. Antennal scape elon-
gate, bearing a small tuft of long setae; club as in dcntipes Blandford.
Pronotum about 1.2 times as wide as long, widest at middle; sides
almost straight and diverging slightly on basal half, then rather
strongly, arcuately narrowed to the broadly rounded anterior margin;
surface subshining with minute, rather obscure longitudinal lines in
interspacial areas, becoming reticulate laterally and basally, the
punctures elongate, rather coarse, close, shallow; glabrous.
Elytra 1.1 times as long as wide; sides straight and {)ai-allel on
basal two-thirds, posterior profile interrupted by dec livilal serrations
Dec. 28, 1961 new species ov bark ui.etles 105
and a sutural cniarginalion; sculcUuni circular, convex; aiilerifjr
margins of elytra acutely elevated along a continuous costa, extend-
ing somewhat antoriorl}- over pnjnolal base except in scutellar notch;
striae impresed, feebly on anterior third, becoming strongly im-
pressed toward declivital margin, ihe punctures obsolete; inteislriae
about one and one-half tiines as wide as striae, flatlened l)asally,
becoming strongly convex, almost as high as wide, toward declivity,
coarsely reticulate and somewhat irregular on basal third, the punc-
tures fine, confused, sparse on j)osterior half. Anterior half of side
from coxal flange to elevated lateral margin impressed, the impres-
sion filled by dense yellow setae.
Declivity steep, flattened; surface granulose-reticulate over both
punctures and serrations, strial punctures essentually obsolete, al-
though positions of some punctures indicated; sutural interspace ver-
tically, very strongly elevated, declining in height on lower third,
bearing about ten low. posteriorly directed serrations; second inter-
space with a small pointed serration at declivital base, narrowed, very
obscurely raised and unarmed below; third interspace bearing one or
two moderately large teeth at declivital base, weakly elevated below
and bearing about four serrations, the lower ones sometimes rounded;
interspaces four to nine each bearing about two to four rather coarse,
posteriorly directed serrations. Vestiture consisting of a few short,
fine to coarse setae on declivity.
Female. — Similar to male except frontal carina entirely absent
and replaced by a broad, shallow impression; setae on antennal scape
less numerous; and declivital sculpture evidently finer.
Type locality. — Paraiso. Panama Canal Zone.
Type material. — The male holotype. female allotype and one
female paratype were collected at the type locality on ,Ian. 25. 1911.
by E. .A. Schwarz.
The holotype and allotype are in the U. S. National Museum;
the paratype is in the collection of the writer.
HopUtophthorus Wood, corrected spelling
Due to an unfortunate error that occurred in printing the original
description of this genus it became necessary to reset the type for
part of the paper without my knowledge that it was to be done. As a
result the name was incorrectly spelled as "Iloplitoplith'orus" (Wood,
1961. Great Basin Nat. 21 (1-2): 2). instead of HopUtophthorus as in-
dicated in the manuscript and on type labels. To give meaning to the
name and to avoid confusion with printed type labels this correction
is necessary. The antennal funicle in all four species now included in
the genus consists of ':ix segments, not seven as originally reported.
HopUtophthorus major (Eggers), n. comb.
Following the description of the genus a cotype of Hoplites major
Eggers (1940. Arb. Morph. u. Tax. Ent. 7:125) was examined and
The Great Basin Naturalist
106 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XXI, No. 4
found to possess the characters of this genus rather than those of the
genus to which it had been assigned by Eggers.
Hoplitophthorus boliviae, n. sp.
This species is allied to major (Eggers), but is readily distin-
guished by the presence of a large, impunctate frontal bulla, and by
the more finely tuberculate elytral declivity.
Holotype. — Length 1.9 mm.. 2.5 times as long as wide; color
testaceous, prothorax a slightly darker reddish brown.
Frons convex, transversely impressed just above the rather broad,
almost smooth epistomal margin, with a large, smooth, shining, im-
punctate bulla occupying median half between upper limits of eyes;
surface, except on median elevation, subreticulate, with rather large,
shallow, moderately close punctures; epistomal margin with a short,
obtuse median lobe extending in front of mandibles; vestiture short,
inconspicuous except toward epistomal area. Eye shallowly. broadly
emarginate; coarsely granulate. Antennal funicle six-segmented;
club as in sentosus.
Pronotum very slightly wider than long; widest at base, sides
almost straight on posterior half, converging slightly toward the
broadly rounded anterior margin; surface with faint indications of
reticulation, punctures moderately large, rather shallow, moderately
close; almost glabrous.
Elytra 1.8 times as long as wide. 2.0 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and parallel on basal three-fourths, broadly rounded
behind; scutellum very small; crenulations at bases broad, low. very
poorly defined; striae not impressed, the punctures rather small,
close; interstriae about one and one-half times as wide as striae,
shining, somewhat wrinkled transversely, the punctures in rows.
rather large, shallow, close, separated by distances slightly greater
than their own diameters. Declivity very steep, convex; striae not at
all impressed, all interstriae sparsely tuberculate. tubercles separated
by spaces equal to width of an interspace, those on one fine; inter-
spaces six and eight each bearing one or two tubercles; ninth inter-
space without a continuous costa, and not curved to meet costal
margin. Vestiture consisting of sparse, short, interstrial bi'istles aris-
ing from posterior margins of declivital tubercles.
The sexes indistinguishable in the material at hand.
Type locality. — Route between "Boyuibe to Charagua via Cueva,
Ingri, etc.. Bolivia."
Type material. — The holotype, presumably a female, and four
partly damaged paratypes were taken at the type localit\- between
July 15 and Sept. 1. 1920, by G. L. Harrington.
The holotype and two paratypes are in the U. S. National Mu-
seum; the other two paratypes are in the collection of the writer.
Dec. 28, 1961 new species of bark beetles 107
HopUtophthorus cubensis, n. sp.
This species is allied to sentosus Wood, but is much smaller, has
the discal interstriae of the elytra more irregular, with larger punc-
tures, and has smaller tubercles and longer vestiture on the elytral
declivity.
Holotype. — Length 1.5 mm.. 2.4 times as long as wide; color
reddish brown.
Frons rather strongly conve.x above, with a transverse impression
just above the broad, almost smooth epistomal margin; epistomal
margin with an obtuse lobe projecting in front of mandibles; surface
smooth, shining, the punctures coarse, deep, rather close. Eye shallow-
ly emarginate; coarsely granulate. Both antennae and one foreleg
removed and mounted previously (not at hand for description).
Pronotum very slightly wider than long, widest at base; sides
w^eakly arcuate, converging slightly toward the broadly rounded an-
terior margin; surface smooth and shining, the punctures coarse,
deep, close; almost glabrous.
Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide, 1.8 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and parallel on basal three-fourths, broadly rounded
behind; scutellum very small; crenulations broad, low, poorly de-
fined; striae not impressed, the punctures very large, close; inter-
striae distinctly narrower than striae, subcrenulate toward bases, be-
coming smooth behind, shining, the punctures rather small, close.
Declivity very steep, convex; strial punctures somewhat smaller than
on disc, second interspace impressed, the first raised; second inter-
space narrower than one or three and devoid of tubercles, others
each with a few rather small tubercles, those on nine not joined to
form a continuous costa which curves to join costal margin near
apex of third interspace. Vestiture sparse, confined to declivity, con-
sisting of rather long, slender hairlike setae.
Type locality. — Cayamas, Cuba.
Type material. — The unique holotype, presumably a female, was
taken at the type locality by E. A. Schwarz, lot no. 483. It also bears
printed labels "Leg mounted" and "Antenna mounted," and the
manuscript names Dolurgides of Hopkins and Cionoderus cubensis of
Blackman.
The holotype is in the U S. National Museum.
NEW TINGIDAE FROM SOUTH INDIA (IIEMIPTERA)
Carl J. Drake' and M. Mohanasundarum"
The present paper describes three new species of lacebugs from
Coimbatore, South India. A species of tingid is also recorded for the
first time as a pest of the rice plant. The illustrations were made by
Elinor Stromberg. Washington, D. C, and Patricia llogue. Arlington,
Virginia. The types of the new species are in the Drake Collection
(U. S. National Museum) and paratypes in the collections of both
authors.
Naochila arete, n. sp.
Small, oblong. Head black, dorsal spines pale testaceous; inferior
margin of bucculae brownish. Antennae testaceous, fourth segment
mostly blackish. Legs testaceous, tips of tarsi brown or fuscous.
Pronotum dark fuscous, collar and fore part of inflated paranota
grayish testaceous. Body beneath black-fuscous, shining. Elytron
with veinlets mostly brownish or dark fuscous, outer marginal vein
mostly testaceous. Areolae clear, partly clouded with fuscous in dis-
coidal and sutural areas (fig. 1). Length (male) 2.45 mm., (female)
2.50 mm., width (elytra) about 1.00 mm.
Head very short, little produced in front of eyes, dorsal spines
short, appressed. Antennae slender, clothed with short pale pube-
scence, fourth segment with longer hairs, measurements: segment
I, 0.10 mm.; II, 0.08 mm.; Ill, 0.75 mm.; IV, 0.32 mm. Labium
not quite reaching to base of mesosternum; laminae of rostral sulcus
uniseriate, channel narrow on mesosternum, much wider and cordate
on metastemum. Ostiole and ostiolar sulcus not visible.
Pronotum almost entirely concealed by the large, reflexed, in-
flated paranota, carinae mostly concealed by reflexed paranota.
The carinae low, visible on hind process of pronotum; collar raised,
almost truncate in front, slightly raised at middle so as to form a
small hood. Elytra slightly wider across apices of discoidal areas than
pronotum at humeral angles. The sutural areas overlapping each
other in repose; costal area uniseriate, with large clear areolae; sub-
costal area bi- or triseriate in widest part opposite apex of discoidal
area; discoidal area apically with outer boundary vein extending
concavely into subcostal area, widest near apex, there three areolae
deep. Hypocostal lamina uniseriate. Hind pair of wings clouded
with fuscous. Legs slender, femora only slightly swollen.
Holotype (male) and allotype (female), brachypterous. Coimba-
tore, South India, on Cordia sp., M. M. Sundaram. Paratypes: 7
specimens, same labels as type, and 4 specimens, same locality,
8.viii.l960. Numerous nymphs were also found on Cordia with the
adults.
1. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.
2. Parasite Breeding Centre. Udanguida. India.
108
Dec. 28, 1961 new tingidae from south india
109
Fig. 1. Naochila arete, n. sp.
no
The Great Basin Naturalist
C. J. DRAKE & M. MOHANASUNDARUM Vol. XXI, No. 4
Separated from A', sujflata (Drake and Poor) by its larger size,
longer appendages, reflexed paranoia more inflated, and wider costal
area with larger areolae.
Perissonetnia ecmeles, n. sp.
Oblong, testaceous-brown to mostly dark brown, head and pro-
notuni reddish brown, usually with a fairly large rounded spot in
discoidal and a longitudinal strip in sutural area blackish; calli im-
pressed, black-fuscous; bucculae testaceous to brown, body beneath
blackish fuscous, moderately clothed with short yellowish or grayish
pubescence. Antenna long, slender, blackish fuscous with basal seg-
ment mostly brown, rather densely clothed with short, yellowish or
Fig. 2. Perissonemia ecmeles, n. sp.
Dec. 28, 1961 new tingidae from south india 111
grayish pubescence. Legs long, slender, brownish with tarsi blackish,
sparsely clothed with short grayish pubescence. Eyes moderately
large, blackish. Head, calli, and posterior projection of pronotum
often with some whitish exudate. Dorsal surface sparsely clothed
with fine, inconspicuous, yellowish pubescence. Length 3.40-3.70
mm., width (elytra) 1.25-1.35 mm.
Head very short, slightly produced in front of eyes, with median
longitudinal sulcus, unarmed or armed with a pair of short frontal
spines; bucculae areolate, closed or nearly closed in front; labium
brownish, nearly reaching base of mesosternum; laminae of rostral
sulcus low, indistinctly areolate, open at base. Antennae long, slender,
fourth segment scarcely thicker than the third, measurements: seg-
ment I, 0.20 mm.; II. 0.12 mm.; Ill, 1.25 mm.; IV, 0.75 mm.
Meta thoracic scent glands without distinct ostiole and ostiolar canal
on each metapleuron. Hypocostal lamina composed of one row of
areolae.
Pronotum moderately convex across humeri, punctate, areolate
on hind projection, tricarinate; median carina prominent, percur-
rent. ^^^thout areolae; lateral carinae distinct, less raised than median,
parallel, terminating anteriorly at calli; pronotum cariniform, nar-
row, slightly wider opposite calli, there usually with a couple of
narrow cells; collar raised, truncate in front, without hood.
Elytra extending beyond apex of abdomen, scarcely wider in
widest part than pronotum across humeral angles, sutural areas over-
lapping in repose; costal area composed mostly of three rows of
nearly rounded aerolae, discoidal area scarcely attaining middle of
elytra, acutely angulate at base and apex, widest near middle there
four areolae deep. Hind \vings shorter than elytra, clouded with
fuscous.
Holotype (malej, allotype (female), macropterous, on Ficus sp.,
Coimbatore, India. 12.X.1960. Paratypes: 8 specimens, each bearing
some locality label as type; 2 specimens, 8. X. 1961; 2 specimens,
8.VIII.1961; and 2 specimens 8.VIII.1960.
Separated from P. kietana Drake and Ruhoff of the Solomon
Islands by the less elevated and non-areolate median carina and the
narrower paranota. The median carina is uniseriate in kietana.
Stephanitis charieis, n. sp.
Small, oblong, body beneath and above brownish, veinlets pale
testaceous, areolae hyaline, iridescent. .Appendages pale testaceous.
Length 3.10 mm., width (across paranota) 1.10 mm. and (near
apices of elytra) 1.65 mm.
Head very short, concealed (save eyes) by hood, armed with five
pale spines; occipital spines very long, appressed. the three frontal
spines much shorter, porrect; bucculae areolate, closed in front,
mostly two areolae deep, three deep behind. Rostrum brownish, ex-
tending beyond middle of metasternum; sternal laminae of labial
112
The Great Basin Naturalist
C. J. DRAKE & M. MOHANASUNDARUM Vol. XXI, No. 4
sulcus composed of one row of fairly large areolae, with large
V-shaped opening at base. Antennae very long, slender, clothed with
short, inconspicuous pubescence, fourth segment with longer hairs,
measurements: segment I, 0.30 mm.; II, 0.10 mm.; Ill, 1.25 mm.;
IV. 0.56 mm.
Pronotum finely punctate, with backward projecting process very
narrow, tapering and areolate; hood moderately large, inflated
basally, thence anteriorly tapering, with apex slightly surpassing
first antennal segment, basal length less than that of median carina
(50:60); median carina strongly foliaceous, biseriate, basal row of
areolae very large, superior margin distinctly convex at highest
J
/ (h\ > l9 \
t4: ^-"j'h
'V.
:p5
Fig. 3. Stephanitis charieis. n. sp.
point, slightly higher than the crest of hood (22:17); lateral carina
conchate, present on hind part of pronotal disc, but absent on triangu-
lar process, two-thirds as high as median carina, composed of two
large areolae; paranotum large, nearly rectangular, slightly reflexed,
mostly triseriate, areolae large. Outer margins of paranota and elytra
finely serrate. Veins of elytra and pronotal projections without cilia
or long hairs.
Dec. 28, 1961 new tingidae from south india 113
Elytra considerably \vidcr and much longer than abdomen,
slightly divergent apically. with apices distinctly separated from
each other; costal area wide, four areolae deep in widest part; boun-
dary vein separating discoidal and sutural areas distinctly raised so
as to form a small inflation; discoidal area scarcely reaching to the
middle of elytron, usually three areolae deep in widest part; surface
of subcostal area opposite discoidal area nearly erect.
Ilolotype (male), allotype (female), and 12 paratypes, all
macropterous. Coinibatore, South India. 1.1.1961, on leaves of Jack
tree. Artocurpus intcgrifolia. Nymphs were also taken with the
adults.
This species belongs to the subgenus Menodora Horvath of Steph-
anitis. It can be separated from 5. formosa I lorvath, .S. sondaica
Horvath and S. kardia Drake and Ruhoff by the obsence of cilia and
long hairs on the veins of elytra and pronotal projections, especially
on the outer margins of the paranota and elytra.
Bako rtiulayauus (Drake)
Galeotingis malayaim Drake, 1947, Bol. Mus. Nat. (Brasil), no.
81, p. 2.
Many nymphs and adults, Coimbatore, South India, VII-VIII,
1960, taken on fodder grasses {Panicum re pens, Cynadon dactylon,
and Cenchurus glaucus) and paddy seedlings of cultivated rice
(Oriza sativa) . This is the first record of a tingid living and breeding
on rice plants.
In addition to southern India, we have specimens from the Fed-
eration of Malaya (type specimens from Perit) and Philippine
Islands (Manila). B. malayanus is similar in general aspect to B.
lebruni Schouteden from the Congo. Africa, and differs from it large-
ly by its slightly smaller size, thinner veins of the reticulation, small-
er hood, and less abruptly expanded elytron at base. More specimens
from Africa are needed to clarify the specific status of these two
species.
INDEX TO VOLUME XXI
The new genera and species described in this volume appear in bold
type in this index.
A Check-list of the Species of
Eleodes and Description of New
Species (Coleoptera-Tenebrioni-
dae), 55
A New Beetle Mite from Utah
(Oribatei: Gymnodamaeidae), 27
A New Dactylipalpus (Coleoptera:
Scolytidae) from the Philippine
Islands, 8
A New Species of Cinara from
Colorado (Aphididae), 17
A New Species of Cinara from
Delaware (Aphididae), 20
A Review and Key of North
American Cinara (Homoptera:
Aphididae) Occurring on Picea,
35
Alexander, Charles P., articles by,
10, 79
Baka malayanus (Drake), 113
Brame, Arden H. Jr., and Tanner,
Wilmer W., article by, 23
Check-list of the Species of Eleodes,
1961, 69
Cibolacris samalayucae Tinkham,
30
Cinara acadiana Hottes, 35
atripes Hottes, 35
bonica Hottes, 35
bonita Hottes, 35
braggii (Gillette), 37
caudelli (Wilson), 41
coloradensis (Gillette), 41
costata (Zetterstedt), 41
engelmanniensis (Gillette and
Palmer), 43
fornacula Hottes, 43
glehna (Essig), 43
hottesi (Gillette and Palmer), 45
jucunda Hottes, 45
mariana Bradley, 45
nepticula Hottes, 45
nimbata Hottes, 45
obscura Bradley, 46
pallidipes Hottes, 46
palmerae (Gillette), 46
pilicornis (Hartig), 46
rara Bradley, 47
sitchensis Hottes, 47
soplada Hottes, 48
vandykei (Wilson), 48
Cinara caliginosa Hottes, 17, 41
Cinara lunata Hottes, 20
Classification of the Eleodini, 57
Dactylipalpus unetus Wood, 8
Description of a New Species of
Salamander from Panama, 23
Drake, Carl J., and Mohanasundar-
rum, M., article by, 108
Eleodes inyoensis Tanner, 68
Eleodes leeehi Tanner, 63
Eupagiocerus serratus Wood, 104
Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz, 58
Gonomyia ( Idiocera ) flintiana
Alexander, 15
Gymnodarnaeus veriornatus Hig-
gins, 27
Hexacolus multistriatus Wood, 97
reticulatus Wood, 98
tenuis Wood, 99
obscurus Wood, 100
Higgins, Harold G., article by, 27
Hoplitoplithorus Wood, 2
Hoplitophthorus Wood, corrected
spelling, 105
major (Eggers), n. comb., 105
boliviae Wood, 106
cubensis Wood, 107
Hoplithoplithorus Wood, 2
Hottes, F. C, articles by 17, 20, 35
Hylocurus minor Wood, 4
Key to the Genera of Eleodini, 58
Limnophila (Phylidorea) frosti
Alexander, paeneadusta Alexan-
der, 84
Loganius splendens Wood, 88
vagabundus Wood, 89
impressus Wood, 90
prociduus Wood, 91
liratus Wood, 92
fastigius Wood, 93
confinis Wood, 94
niger Wood, 95
Magnadigita marmorea Tanner and
Brame, 23
Microborus Blandford, 101
camerunus (Eggers), n. comb.,
101
lautus Wood, 101
Mohanasundarum, M., see Drake,
108
Naochila arete Drake and Mohana-
sundarum, 114
114
New Records and Species of Scoly-
tidae (Coleoptera) from Colum-
bia, 1
New Species of Bark Beetles (Cole-
optera: Scolytidae), Mostly Mexi-
can, 87
New Tingidae from South India
(Hemiptera), 108
Orthoptera Studies in Nearctic
Desert Sand Dunes, 51
Pedicia (Tricyphona) hynesiana
Alexander, 14
Perissonemia eomeles Drake and
Mohanasundarum, 110
Phloeocleptus Wood, 4
Prionocera broweriana Alexander,
79
Prionosceles glaber Wood, 102
panamensis Wood 103
Scolytopsis cubensis Wood, 79
Stephanitis charieis Drake and
Mohanasundarum, 111
Studies in Nearctic Desert San
Dunes Orthoptera; pt. iii, A New
Species of Cibolacris from North-
ern Chihuahua, Mexico. 29
Subfamily Eleodinae Blais., 58
Subgenus Pseudeleodes, 68
Subgenus Tricheleodes Blais., 61
Snyopsis of the Subgenera of the
Genus Eleodes, 59
Tanner, Vasco M., article by, 55
Tanner, Wilmer W., see Brame
Thamnophothorus inipensus Wood,
6
Tinkham, Ernest R., articles by,
29, 51
Tipula (Hesperotipula) chuma.sli
Alexander, 13
Tipula (Lunatipula) saylori Alex-
ander, 81
kirkwoodi Alexander, 82
incisa picturata Alexander, 81
Tipula (Trichotipula) hedgesi Alex-
ander, 10
Tipula (Yamatotipula) footeana
Alexander, 11
Tribe Eleodini (Eleodiini) Blais.,
58
Trimerotropis citrina neomexicana
Tinkham, 51
Undescribed Species of Nearctic
Tipulidae (Diptera). I., 79
Undescribed Species of Western
Nearctic Tipulidae (Diptera). IV,
10
Wood, Stephen L., articles by, 1, 8,
87.
115
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