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DISTAXCES  TO  TLEASURE  RESORTS. 

To  Diamond  Cove,  - 5       miles. 

"  Pleasant  Cove, 5 

"  Indian  Cove,  .--...        5 

"  Peak's- Island,  Westerly  landing,        -        -       .    33^ 

"  Peak's  Island,  Southerly  landing,  .        .        4 

"  Peak's  Island,  Trefethen's  landing,    -        -        -    41^ 

"  Bangs'  Island  landing,    -----        4 

"White  Head, 41^ 

'•  Flirt  Preble,      - li/^ 

''  Capo  Cottage, .3 

"  Portland  Light,        -        -  -        .        .        31^ 

**  Ocean  House, 8 

"  Cape  Light, .        9 

"  Atlantic  House,  Prout's  Neck,    -        -        .  10 

"  Libby's,  Prout's  Neck, 11 

*'  Evei-green  Cemetery,    ---.,.   2\4 

"  Mount  Calvary  Cemetery,       -        -        -        .        o 

<*  Forest  City  Cemetery, ly, 

''  Marine  Hospital, 2 

••  Reform  School, 2}4 


DISTANCES  OF  RAILROAD  STATIONS  FROM  PORTLAND. 


Distances  to  Stations  be-;BoinKlary  Line 
tween  Portland  &>  Bos-  Shcrbrooko 
ton: 


PORTLAND,  SACO,  &  PORTSMOUTH  R.  R 

Capo  Elizabeth 

Scarborough 

West  Scarborough 

Saco 

Biddeford 

Kenuebunkport 

Kennebunk  

Wells 

North  Berwick 

South  Berwick 38 

Elliot 45 

Krttery 50 

Portsmouth 52 

EASTERN  RAILROAD. 

Amcshury 6G 

Newburyport ^  72 

J7"ly ^0  Ganliner . 

Salem ?2ii,,i,,,,,,ii 


100 

19(5 

Richmond 220 

St.  Ilyacinthe 262 

Montreal 292 


6 

9 
13 
15 
19 

23  Westbrook . . 
^S  Falmouth... 
34Cumbi"i-l:tnd 


Between  Portland  and 
Bangor: 

KEXNEBEC  &  PORTLAND  RjVILROAD. 
A.     2 


Lynn . . . 
Chelsea . 
Boston . . 


Yarmouth 13 

Freeport 19 

Brunswick 27 

Bath 36 

Topsham 2S 

Bowdoinham 34 

Richmond 42 

Dresden 45 

53 

58 

Augusta 60 

SOMERSET  &  KENNEBEC  R.ULROAD. 


Waterville 

Kendall's  Mills 

Skowhegau • 

ANDROSCOGGIN  &  KENNEBEC  R. 

Danville  Junction 

r 9  Lewiston ■ 

SO  Winthrop 


BOSTON  &  MAINE  RAILROAD. 

Groat  Falls ...  40 

Dover 4: 

Newmarket 55 

Exeter 62 

Haverhill 79  Lewiston 34 

Soutli  Lawrence SO  "Winthrop 54 

Andover S9  Kcadfield 6*^ 

Reading' 102  "SVest  Waterville 76 

Boston 112  Waternlle 83 

ANDROSCOGGIN   R.ULROAD. 

Livermore  Falls 66 


iFarmington. 


82 


Between  Portland    and 
Montreal: 

GRAND  TUUNK  RAILWAY.  PENOBSCOT  &  KENNEBEC  RAILROAD. 

Falmouth 5  Kendall's  Mills I   80 

Cumberland g'Pittsheld 

Yarmouth ll.^ewport 

North  Yarmouth 15,1^'"^S^^' 

Pownal 1S|                         — 

New  Gloucester 
Danville  Junction 


nZ\     VORK  4;  CUMBERLAND  RAILR 


.  ao4 
.,.111 

..'.138 
i)AD. 


]\Iechanic  Falls 37  Woodford's  Corner. 

Oxford 41  Morriirs  Corner  . . , 

South  Paris 4S  Saccarappa 

Bethel 70  tiorham 

Gorham 91  |l$uxton  Center  . . . . 

Island  Pond 1 49  Saco  River 


.  10 
.  15 

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TO  WHICH  IS  APPEXDED  A 


SUMMARY  niSTOM  OF  PORTLAND, 


HOIST.    ^\rjM:.   AVILtilS, 


wirrr    :\rAPs    axd    sixteen    illustrations 


PORTLAND : 
PUBLISHED  BY  B.  THURSTON  AND  J.  F.  RICIIAEDSON, 

AT   THE   COMMEKCIAL   NEWS   ROOM,   79   JIIDDLE   ST. 

1  8  -  O  . 


Entered  accordinj?  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1859, 

By  B.  TnuRSTOx  and  J.  F.  Riciiakdsox, 
In  the  CUnk's  OfTice  of  the  District  Court  for  the  District  of  Maine. 

TV  Thmvlmi.  Printer.  J.  F.  riichniil^on.  EiiirraviT. 


';  :\m3 


■^' 


GUIDE 


That  Portland  is  destined  to  figure  as  a  large  city 
cannot  be  doubted  by  those  who  consider  its  geograph- 
ical position,  relative  to  the  vast  productive  regions  of 
Canada  and  the  West,  and  its  fecilities  of  water  com- 
munication. Its  growth  has  been  gradual,  but  as 
substantial  as  gradual.  Even  during  the  commercial 
disasters,  M'hich  have  so  shaken  the  whole  business 
world  Avithin  the  two  or  three  years  past,  it  has 
materially  advanced  in  business  and  permanent  popu- 
lation. 

POPULATION. 

The  number  of  inhabitants  in  the  city  at  present  is 
about  30,000.  In  1854,  as  appears  by  the  census  then 
taken,  the  population  was  2<5,'±18.  In  1850,  it  was 
20,815;  in  1840,  15,218. 

LOCATION. 

Portland  is  situated  on  a  peninsula  which  juts  into 
Casco  Bay,  the  harbor  being  on  the  south-easterly  side, 
and  an  inlet  known  by  the  name  of  "  Back  Cove,"  on 

1  '■■ 


10  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  rOKTLAXD  AND  VICINITY. 

tlie  north-westerly  side.  This  peninsula  is  about  three 
miles  from  north-east  to  south-west,  and  of  an  avera<ze 
breadth  of  about  three-quarters  of  a  mile.  Its  nar- 
rowest breadth  is  about  midway  of  its  length,  being 
scarcely  half  a  mile. 

Its  latitude,  observation  taken  from  the  New  Custom 
House,  is  43  deg.,  39  min.,  27  sec;  longitude  from 
Greenwich,  (England,)  70  deg.,  15  min  ,  40.-1  sec;  lon- 
gitude in  time,  4  hours,  41  min.,  2.7  sec. 

The  land  rises  from  the  center  of  the  city  into  a 
])rominence  at  either  extremity,  that  at  the  north-east 
being  called  Munjoy's  Hill,  and  that  at  the  opposite 
extreme,  Bramhall's  Hill.  The  highest  point,  above 
the  mean  level  of  the  sea,  is  on  Bramhall's  Hill,  175.5 
feet;  the  highest  on  Munjoy,  IGl  feet.  The  lowest 
])oint  on  the  summit  of  the  ridge  between  the  two  hills 
is  on  Congress  street,  at  the  head  of  Ham])shire  street, 
57  feet.  Congress  street  runs  the  entire  length  of 
the  peninsula,  and  the  ground  slopes  gradually  to  the 
water  on  either  hand,  affording  every  facility  for  driiin- 
age  that  could  be  wished— and  in  part  from  this  cause 
Portland  is  one  of  the  healthiest  cities  in  the  world  ! 

LOCAL  SCENERY. 

The  English  traveler,  Latrobc,  in  his  published  work, 
"The  Rambler  in  North  America,"  says,  .'•  Imagine 
our  surprise  and  delight  when  *  *  *  we  found 
in  the  unsung  and  neglected  Portland,  scenery  that  for 
beauty,  variety  and  extent,  far  exceeded  any  views  of 
the  class  in  the   States."     iVrhiMs   this  encomium   is 


iJi*^ 


CUSTOM  HOUSE. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  13 

not  undeserved  ;  but  the  writer  was  somewhat  in  error, 
in  speaking  of  our  local  scenery  as  *'  unsung  and  ne- 
glected," for  it  has  frequently  received  the  warm  praises 
of  writers  and  tourists. 

The  ^ty  itself,  rising  roof  above  roof,  interspersed 
with  its  steeples,  towers,  cupolas,  and  forest  trees,  as 
seen  on  entering  the  harbor  by  the  ship  channel,  pre- 
sents an  imposing  and  beautiful  appearance,  suggestive 
of  a  place  of  thrice  its  actual  extent.  From  several 
points  in  Cape  Elizabeth  and  from  the  Westbrook  side 
of  Back  Cove,  also,  it  shows  to  fine  effect. 

"•  She  looks  a  Sea  Cybele,  fresh  from  the  ocean, 
Rising  with  her  tiar.a  of  proud  towers 
At  airy  distance,  with  majestic  motion, 
A  ruler  of  the  waters  and  their  powers ! " 

But  it  is  for  its  surrounding  scenery  that  Portland  is 
quite  as  much  famed. 

THE  PROMENADES. 

At  each  extremity  of  the  city  is  a  promenade,  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  width,  and  lined  with  young 
and  thrifty  shade  trees.  These  promenades  are  graded 
into  three  sections,  two  for  walking  and  one  for  riding  ; 
and  the  succession  of  views  developed  in  passing  along 
them  is  almost  unrivaled.  From  that  at  the  west  end 
following  around  the  brow  of  Bramhall's  Hill,  at  an 
average  elevation  of  nearly  175  feet  above  the  mean 
level  of  the  sea,  the  eye  takes  in  beautiful  combina- 
tions of  water,  farm,  forest,  village  and  mountain 
scenery,  which  may  be  beheld  to  best  advantage  when 
the  tide  is  full,  especially  if  this  be  towards  sunset. 


14  GUIDE  BOOK  FOT^  PORTLAND  AND  VICTNTTY. 

From  the  eastern  promenade,  which  sweeps  around 
Munjoy,  the  views  are  quite  as  attractive,  comprisinj^ 
the  fiir-reaching  waters  of  Casco  Bay,  with  its  emerald 
islmds ;  the  ocean  and  rocky  shores  of  the  Cape  on 
one  side,  and  the  trending  headlands  of  Falmouth  and 
Cumberland  on  the  other. 

From  North  street,  likewise,  when  the  tide  is  in, 
the  views  are  surpassingly  beautiful — and  should  not, 
by  any  means,  be  suffered  to  escape  the  notice  of 
strangers.  But  we  reserve  a  more  detailed  description 
of  these,  to  an  account  of  them  as  seen  from  the  tall 
red  tower  on  Munjoy's  Hill,  called 

Tin<]   OBSERVATORY. 

From  the  look-out  here,  at  an  elevation  of  about 
225  feet  above  tide-water,  the  eye  may  wander  till 
wearied  over  prospects  that  none  can  look  upon  with- 
out admiration — sweeping  the  horizon  on  every  side. 

North-easterly,  lengthen  the  waters  of  Casco  Bay, 
winding  around  scores  of  emerald  green  islands,  many 
of  which  are  still  clad  with  primeval  forests,  and  re- 
main as  wild,  luxuriant,  and  soHtary  as  of  old,  wlien 

"  Only  the  Indian's  birch  canoe 
Along  the  far  blue  waters  flew," 

while  others  show  the  neat  cottages  and  green  clearings 
of  the  fishermen,  and  perchance  the  staunch  little  craft 
in  which  he  braves  the  dangers  of  the  ocean  during 
all  weathers,  lying  in  some  secluded  cove  near  by. 

An  easterly  view  takes  in  the  fortifications  erecting 
on  Diamond  Island  ledge,  the  lower  harbor,  the 
breakwater,  forts  Preble  and  Scammel,   (which   com- 


OBSERVATORY. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  17 

mand  the  ship  channel),  the  four  light-houses,  and  the 
diversified  scenery  of  Cape  Elizabeth,  with  a  broad 
sweep  of  the  ocean,— which  has  no  break  in  that  di- 
rection, for  thousands  of  miles, — whose  restless  billows 
may  be  always  seen  breaking  in  foam  along  the  sunken 
reefs,  or  bounding,  snow-like,  from  the  iron  ramparts 
of  the  Cape. 

South-westerly,  the  eye  surveys  the  inner  harbor 
and  shipping,  the  roofs,  spires,  cupolas,  and  green 
shade  trees  of  the  city  proper,  the  plains  of  Scarbo- 
rough, a  portion  of  the  pretty  village  of  Stroudwater 
and  its  shining  inlet,  the  noble  buddings  of  the  State 
Reform  School  lifting  their  turrets  against  the  sky  like 
some  castellated  relic  of  the  feudal  ages — "  Deering's 
Bridge  "  and  its  white  tide  mills,  and  its  grove  of  no- 
ble oaks  beyond,— and  for  away  the  spires  and  dwell- 
ing-houses of  Gorham  ;  with  the  mountains  in  Bald- 
win and  Hiram  still  more  distant,  and  following  the 
horizon  thence,  a  little  to  the  south  may  be  seen  Mt. 
Agamenticus  in  "  Old  York,"  blue  and  lone,  a  well- 
known  landmark  for  vessels  bound  toward  the  coast. 

The  north-westerly  view  includes  the  waters  of 
Back  Cove,  with  Tukey's  bridge ;  the  fine  old  woods, 
grassy  lawns,  and  neat  residences  of  some  of  the  re- 
tired citizens  of  Portland  on  the  farther  side  of  the 
Cove,  the  railroad  and  Back  Cove  bridges,  the  new 
Marine  Hospital  at  Martin's  Point,  the  picturesque 
shores  of  Falmouth  and  Cumberland,  with  *'Fore 
Side  Village,"  and  a  vast  extent  of  hills,  forests,  and 
waters,  terminated  by  the  cloud-like  summits  of  the 
White  Mountains,  eighty  miles  distant  by  an  air  line. 


18  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  TORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

The  detour  thus  takes  in  scenery  of  every  variety ; 
and  if  the  spectator  should  wish  to  extend  his  vision, 
and  redeem  prospects  and  objects  from  the  gauzy  vail 
of  the  remote  atmosphere,  he  has  the  facility  for  so 
doing  in  an  excellent  telescope  which  is  hung  in  the 
glass  dome  of  the  building. 

FOREST   CITY. 

Popular  names  expressive  of  some  characteristic  of 
the  places  which  they  designate  obtain  in  this  country 
as  well  as  in  some  parts  of  Europe— and  Portland 
bears  the  soubriquet  placed  at  the  head  of  this  pai'a- 
graph,  on  account  of  the  noble  shade  trees  that  line 
her  principal  streets.  They  number  more  than  three 
thousand,  principally  elms  and  maples ;  and  from  some 
points,  in  summer,  they  almost  hide  the  dwelling- 
houses  from  view. 

PUBLIC  BUILDINGS. 

The  principal  public  buildings  are  the  old  Custom 
House,  corner  of  Fore  and  Willow  streets;  the  new 
U.  S.  Government  building,  comprising  rooms  for  the 
Custom  House,  the  Post  Office,  and  U.  S.  courts,  cor- 
ner of  Exchange  and  Middle  streets, — this  is  of  gran- 
ite, of  elegant  proportions  and  symmetry,  and  in  an 
imposing  situation ;  the  new  City  Government  build- 
ings, head  of  Exchange  street,  containing  accommo- 
dations for  the  state  courts,  the  registry  of  deeds, 
the  various  branches  of  the  city  government,  &c. 
The  front  is  of  Nova  Scotia  freestone,  from  the  Albert 
quarry,  of  a  greenish  drab  color,  resting  on  a  rustic 
base  of  the  same  material,  the  whole  to  be  covered 


CITY  GOVEEXMEXT  BUILDIXG. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  21 

with  a  dome— its  cost  will  not  fall  short  of  $200,000  ; 
the  new  "  Natural  History  "  building,  Congress,  near 
head  of  Chestnut  street ;  the  City  Hall,  junction  of 
Federal  and  Congress  streets  ;  the  Mechanics'  Hall, 
corner  of  Congress  and  Casco  streets ;  and  the  new 
Jail,  on  Anderson  street.  But  the  city  is  famed  less 
for  its  public  buildings  than  for  its 

PRIVATE   RESIDENCES. 

Of  these,  the  stranger  Avill  notice  the  mansion  of 
J.  B.  Brown,  Esq.,  on  the  western  promenade,  that 
of  T.  C.  Hersey,  Esq.,  on  Danforth  street,  that  of 
R.  S.  Morse,  Esq.,  corner  of  Park  and  Danforth  streets, 
that  of  Hon.  John  M.  Wood,  on  Middle,  head  of  Sil- 
ver street ;  and  many  others  of  almost  equal  dimen- 
sions and  architectural  pretension,  on  State,  Danforth, 
Pligh,  Spring,  Park,  Gray,  West  Congress,  and  other 
streets. 

HOTELS. 

Owing  to  the  destruction  of  several  large  hotels  by 
fire,  M'ithin  a  few  years  past,  the  city  is  not  so  well 
provided  in  this  particular  as  the  business  of  the  city 
and  the  traveling  public  sometimes  require.  The 
"  United  States,"  junction  of  Congress  and  Federal 
streets ;  the  "  Elm,"  corner  of  Federal  and  Temple 
streets;  the  ''American,"  on  Fore,  between  Exchange 
and  Lime  streets ;  the  *  Commercial,"  corner  of  Fore 
and  Willow  streets  ;  and  the  "  Central,"  on  Lime 
street,  are  among  the  most  important.  Two  new  ho- 
tels are  partly  finished,  one  of  M'hich,  built  of  marble, 
and   one    of    tne    kirgest   buildings    in    the  State,    is 


22  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

Wood's,  fronting  on  Middle,  and  occupying  the  square 
between  Silver  and  Willow  streets, — and  the  Preble 
mansion,  corner  of  Congress  and  Preble  streets, 
which  is  remodeling  and  enlarging,  to  be  used  as  a 
hotel. 

Schools  and  Churches. — For  particulars  in  ref- 
erence to  these,  see  page  71. 

SCIENTIFIC  INSTITUTIONS,  &c. 

A  "  Society  of  Natural  History  "  has  been  in 
existence  here  for  some  seventeen  years.  It  had  found- 
ed a  museum,  comprising  collections  in  almost  all  de- 
partments of  Natural  History,  at  cost  of  much  labor 
and  money,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  January, 
1(Sj3.  Not  daunted,  the  society  at  ones  went  to  work 
again  ;  and  have  succeeded  in  getting  together  quite  a 
handsome  cabinet,  embracing  collections  of  birds,  rep- 
tiles, shells,  minerals,  fossils,  &c.,  which  are  deposited 
in  fire  proof  rooms  in  the  Merchants'  Bank  Building^ 
Exchange  street,  and  are  occasionally  open  to  the  })ub- 
lic,  free  of  charge. 

The  society  have  a  new  building  of  large  propor- 
tions and  handsome  finish,  nearly  completed,  on  Con - 
gress,  near  head  of  Temple  street,  and  ere  long  bid  fair 
to  be  one  of  the  most  j^romincnt  institution:!  of  lliis 
character  in  the  Union. 

Th-j  Portland  Atheneum,  incorporated  in  1820, 
has  for  its  object  the  supply  of  its  share  holders  with 
reading  mitter,  and  his  a  library  of  o-er  10  000  vol- 
umes, over  Canal  banki II "jr  rooms,  Middle  street. 


ki^^W^^^^ 


NATURAL  HISTORY  SOCIETY  BUILDING. 


/ 


^n-CIIANTCS-  HALL. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  27 

-.E  Young  Men's  Mercantile  Library  Asso- 
ci  uroN  furnishes  popular  lectures  in  winter,  and  has  a 
h'br  jvy  of  considerable  extent,  which  is  rapidly  increas- 
Rooms,  106  1-2  Middle  street. 
e  Mechanic  Association  seeks  to  improve  in  the 
mical  arts,  and  for  this  object  holds  occasional 
The  cultivation  of  the  literary  taste  of  its  mem - 
is  sought  in  the  establishment  of  a  library,  which 
3idly  augmenting.     Regular  meetings   1st  Thurs- 
of  every  month.     In   1858,  they  erected  a  large 
beautiful  building  for  their  accommodation.     It 
Is  at  the  corner  of  Congress  and  Casco  streets, 
is  one  of  the  finest  structures  in  the  city. 
^.le  Haydn  Association  attend  to  the  musical 
wants  of  the  city,  of  a  sacred  character,  and  have  suc- 
cessfully brought  out  the  more  celebrated  oratorios. 

Young  Men's  Christian  Association  have  rooms 
at  No.  144  Middle  street,  which  are  open  to  the  pub- 
lic. They  hold  a  prayer  meeting  every  Wednesday 
evening,  and  have  a  hbrary. 

Masonic  Institutions.— The  branches  of  this  Or- 
der, which  hold  their  meetings  in  the  city,  meet  at  Ma- 
sonic Hall,  56  Middle  street,  as  follows  :  Ancient  Land- 
mark Lodge,  1st  AYednesdayin  each  month;  Portland 
Lodge,  2d  AVednesday;  Atlantic  Lodge,  3d  Wednes- 
day ;  Council  of  Royal  and  Select  Masters,  2d  Monday  ; 
Mount  Vernon  R.  A.  Chapter,  3d  Monday ;  Portland 
Encampment,  4th  Monday ;  Grand  Lodge,  1st  Tuesday 
in  May;  Grand  Chapter,  1st  Wednesday  in  May; 
Grand  Encampment  and  Grand  Council  at  the  annual 


23  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  TORTLAND  AXD  VICIXITY. 

Convocation  in  May;  Dunlap  Sov.  Chapter  of  Rose 
Croix  de  H.  meeting  quarterly  on  1st  Monday  of 
March,  June,  September,  and  December. 

Odd  'Fellowship. — There  are  three  Lodges  and 
two  Encampments  of  Odd  Fellows,  viz :  Machigonne 
Encampment,  No.  1,  and  Eastern  Star  Encampment, 
No.  2;  Maine  Lodge,  No.  1,  meets  at  Odd  Fellows' 
hall,  28S  Congress  street,  every  Monday  evening;  An- 
cient Brothers'  Lodge,  No.  4,  meets  Wednesday,  and 
Ligonia  Lodge,  No.  5,  every  Saturday  evening,  at  88 
Exchange  street. 

Sons  of  Temperance. — Portland  Division,  No.  9.5, 
meets  Friday  evening,  at  89  Federal  street;  Forest 
City,  No.  3,  Wednesday  evening,  at  Odd  Fellows'  hall. 
Congress  street;  Eastern  Star,  No.  17,  AVeducsday 
evening,  at  Carleton's  hall,  Munjoy  hill. 

Good  Templars. —  Arcana  Lodge,  No.  1,  meets 
Thursday  evening,  at  Odd  Fellows'  hall. 

The  Washington  Total  Abstinence  Society. — 
Organized  May  14,  1841— the  pledge-book  of  which 
numbers  four  thousand  names  !  It  holds  its  meetings 
regularly  every  Sunday  evening,   at  the  old  City  Hall. 

Commercial  News  Rooms,  79  Middle  street  (to 
which  strangers  are  admitted  free)  are  supplied  with 
the  principal  newspapers  of  the  virious  sections  of  the 
Union,  Canada,  and  New  Brunswick,  and  a  few  English 
publications. 

pleasure  resjiits. 

The  facilities  for  boat  sailing,  th3  delightful  drives  in 
almost  every  direction  from  the  cir.y,  and  the  "  water- 


_J^— ' 


'-  ^~ '--.  ^- 


JAIL. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  31 

ing  pluces "  in  the  vicinity,  attract  numerous  visitors 
in  the  summer. 

Casco  Bay,  an  arm  of  which  makes  the  harbor  of 
Portland,  is  unrivaled  for  romantic  beauties.  Its  sur- 
face is  broken  up  by  more  than  three  hundred  islands, 
scattered  irregularly  so  as  to  present  to  the  tourist  who 
may  be  drifting  over  its  summer  wave,  an  ever- varying 
series  of  enchanting  views.  Noav  his  boat  glides  along 
under  some  rocky  shore,  so  near  that  he  may  seize  the 
down-stooping  forest  branches,  and  swing  himself,  if  so 
inclined,  on  the  jutting  points;  anon  some  tranquil  in- 
let opens,  revealing  the  fisherman's  cottage,  with  its 
garden  patch,  and  its  sheltering  wood  in  the  rear,  and 
his  trimly  painted  skiff  courtesying  to  the  waves  in 
some  protecting  nook  near  by.  Again  the  scene  as- 
umes  more  wild  and  primitive  aspects — craggy  ledges 
grown  gray  in  opposing  gale  and  billow,  bold  promon- 
tories surmounted  by  trees  of  gigantic  proportions, 
above  which,  high  in  the  blue  heaven,  perchance  sails 
the  bald  eagle  ;  long  reaches  of  glimmering  sand  beach, 
upon  which  the  weary  waves,  from  all  the  way  across 
the  broad  Atlantic  perhaps,  pitch  forward  as  if  glad  to 
find  a  resting  place. 

Then  there  are  forest  embowered  coves  and  grassy 
openings,  that  have  known  no  changes,  save  such  as 
Nature  has  wrought  for  ages,  inviting  him  to  their  cool 
retreats.  In  short,  the  adventurer  may  thus  sail  on 
for  days,  amidst  ever-varying  but  always  interesting 
scenes. 

If  he  wishes  to  fish,  let  him  round  to  in  any  of  the 
pissage   where  the  water  is  of  sufficient  depth,  and 


32  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICIXITY. 

throw  over  his  lines,  and  he  may  soon  have  on  board  a 
mess  of  noble  haddock— and  then,  if  he  be  so  minded, 
he  can  steer  for  some  one  of  these  beautiful  coves,  and 
any  boat  skipper  of  Portland  can  make  him  a  chowder, 
such  as  the  sage  of  Marshiield  delighted  in.  Or  if  he 
prefer  a  fish  fry,  let  him  run  in  near  the  shore,  at  any 
point  where  it  is  bold  and  rocky,  and  a  half  hour  will 
suffice  to  procure  a  mess  of  cunners  (sea  perch)  by 
many  considered  as  good  pan  fish  as  are  taken  out  of 
the  water. 

Diamond  Island,  formerly  called  Hog  Island,  (a  con- 
traction of  Quohaga,  the  aboriginal  name  of  the  local- 
ity) has  several  coves,  such  as  has  been  alluded  to,  the 
most  noted  of  which  is  that  whence  the  island  derives 
its  name, 

Diamond  Cote,  five  miles  from  the  city.  The  shores 
of  this  beautiful  inlet  are  bold  and  rocky,  and  rise  on 
either  hand,  to  the  height  of  thirty  or  forty  feet,  crown- 
ed with  immense  beeches,  maples,  oaks  and  ])ines, 
some  of  which  throw  their  branches  far  over  the  water, 
affording  shelter  alike  from  the  sun  and  sudden  show- 
er. It  is  further  secluded  from  the  ocean  by  a  gem  of 
an  islet  seaward,  whose  slopes  are  covered  with  a  thrifty 
growth  of  silver  firs  and  other  evergreens — and 

"The  forests  far  extending  round 
Ne'er  to  the  spoiler's  axe  resound, 
Nor  is  man's  toil  or  traces  there. 
But  resteth  all  as  lone  and  fiiir, 
The  sunny  slopes,  the  rocks  and  trees. 
As  desert  isles  in  Indian  seas, 
Tliiit  sometimes  rise  upon  the  view 
Of  sjmj  far  wandered,  wind-bound  crew. 
Sleeping  alone  midst  ocean's  blue." 


■r 


GUIDE  BDOK  FOIl  PO?.TLAND  AND  VICINITY.  35 

Pleasant  Cove  is  another  delightful  resort  at  Dia- 
mond Island,  with  a  fine  sand  beach,  precipitous  rocks 
on  either  hand,  crowned  with  trees,  and  a  semi-circle  of 
velvet  green-sward,  over-arched  by  the  long  armed 
beeches  and  maples — distant  from  the  city  five  miles. 

Indian  Cove,  at  the  northerly  extremity  of  Dia- 
mond island,  and  five  miles  from  the  city,  has  a  fine 
vSleep  beach;' and  the  ridge  which  forms  its  westerly 
side  is  over-shadowed  by  a  clump  of  thrifty  oaks,  under 
which  one  can  look  out  on  every  hand,  upon  prospects 
whose  diversity  and  beauty  can  but  charm  the  eye. 

A  pleasant  day  in  summer  will  usually  see  gay  par- 
ties of  ladies  and  gentlemen  scattered  around  the 
shores  of  these  coves,  some  engaged  in  cooking  the  sa- 
vory chowder,  some  wandering  among  the  trees,  some 
dancing  on  the  green-sward,  some  fishing  for  cunners — 
thus  enlivening  the  aspect  of  the  frowning  rocks  and 
the  shadowy  aisles  of  the  wood. 

Peak's  Island,  four  miles  distant,  is  much  resorted 
to  in  summer  by  pic-nic  parties  from  the  city  and  sur- 
rounding regions,  as  well  as  by  strangers  from  abroad, 
especially  Canadians — who  go  there  to  enjoy  its  exhila- 
rating sea  airs,  and  to  avail  themselves  of  its  superior 
facilities  for  salt  water  bathing.  There  are  several  very 
comfortable  boarding  houses  here,  the  principal  of  which 
are  the  "  Peak's  Island  House,"  the  "  Summer  Re- 
treat," the  '•  Casco  House,"  on  the  southerly  part  of 
the  island,  and  the  '•  Mantre  d  House."  Fine  views 
of  the  city,  the  ocean,  the  ship  channel,  the  forts  ;  and 
I  the  watering  jjl.ic-^.  light  houses,  and  residences  along 
the  shores  of  Ca[)e  E'iz.ibeLli  may  be  enjoyed  here. 


36  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

Two  steamers,  the  "  Casco  "  and  "  Gipsey,"  make 
several  trips  to  this  Island,  daily.  See  page  78  for  par- 
ticulars as  to  time  &c. 

Bangs'  Island,  four  miles  distant,  is  also  a  place  of 
frequent  resort  in  summer.  It  is  the  outmost  island  of 
the  southerly  group,  and  the  unobstructed  waves  from 
the  broad  ocean  sweep  its  wild  and  ragged  shores. 

White  Head,  at  the  northern  extremity  of  this  isl- 
and, is  a  castellated  bluff  of  perpendicular  rock,  at 
least  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  high,  against  the  base 
of  which  the  restless  sea  thunders  continually;  and  the 
views  from  its  summit,  of  the  wide  ocean,  the  rock 
bound,  breaker-beaten  shores,  forest-clad  ridges,  and 
green  openings  of  Peak's  and  Long  island,  of  the  city, 
and  the  Cape,  are  hardly  inferior  in  extent  or  attract- 
iveness to  those  from  the  observatory. 

The  steamers  touch  at  this  island,  when  passengers 
to  the  number  of  half  a  dozen  may  request. 

I^ersons  fond  of  yacht  sailing,  can  always  hire  neat 
and  trim  craft  at  the  city,  kept  specially  for  the  pur- 
pose; but  those  who  are  not  accustomed  to  manage 
sail  boats,  should  obtain  the  services  of  experienced 
hands,  which  they  can  readily  do  for  a  trifling  sum. 

Cape  Elizabeth,  on  the  south-easterly  side  of 
Portland  harbor,  and  stretching  away  oceanward  some 
three  leagues,  possesses  a  diversity  of  scenery,  and 
many  objects  of  attraction  to  the  tourist.  Its  bold 
cliffs,  wild  and  ragged,  and  in  mniy  places  shattered  by 
the  onslaughts  of  tempests,  or  upheaved  by  the  levers 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  39 

of  the  winter  frosts,  are  incessantly  lashed  by  breakers. 
The  watering  places  on  the  Cape  are  worthy  of  all  ce- 
lebrity, and  have  become  fashionable  resorts. 

Cape  Cottage  is  the  nearest  to  the  city,  being  only 
three  miles  distant.  It  is  a  large  and  commodious 
structure,  built  of  stone,  in  the  Gothic  style  of  archi- 
tectm-e.  It  would  be  difficult  to  imagine  anything 
more  pictm-esque  than  its  location.  In  front,  outposts 
of  the  grassy  knolls  and  hollows  which  surround  the 
house,  is  an  array  of  ragged  cliffs  and  sunken  ledges, 
about  which  the  breakers  are  forever  toiling ;  and  be- 
yond is  the  ocean,  stretching  without  a  break  to  the  ho- 
rizon. On  the  left  is  the  main  entrance  to  Portland 
harbor,  and  every  vessel  of  magnitude  which  enters  or 
leaves  the  port  passes  in  full  sight.  In  the  distance 
are  the  outer  islands  of  Casco  bay. 

A  drive  along  the  coast  five  miles  further,  or  a  more 
interior  road,  direct  from  the  city,  will  bring  the  ex- 
cursionist to 

The  Ocean  House. — This  is  a  large  and  handsome 
establishment,  situated  near  the  pitch  of  the  Cape, 
where  the  benefit  of  sea  air  and  sea  sports  may  be  en- 
joyed in  perfection,  while  its  cupola  commands  a  diver- 
sity of  interesting  prospects,  from  the  ragged  reefs, 
bold  headlands,  far-reaching  sand  beaches,  and  surging 
waters  of  the  ocean,  to  the  calmer  pictures  of  woodlands 
and  cultivated  fields.  It  is  eight  miles  from  the  city. 
The  direct  road  hence  to  Portland  is  generally  in  fine 
.  order. 


40  GUIDE  B30K  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

The  Two  Lights,  and  Fog  Bell  Tower,  at  the  pitch 
of  the  Cape,  nine  miles  from  the  city,  are  the  center  of 
a  romantic  locality,  often  resorted  to  by  pic-nic  parties. 

Portland  Light,  which  looks  out  over  the  ocean 
from  a  tall  bluff  of  the  Cape,  three  and  a  half  miles 
from  the  city,  affords  views  quite  as  varied,  vast,  and 
beautiful,  as  those  of  the  Cape  Cottage. 

Fort  Preble,  just  at  the  mouth  of  the  harbor,  is 
interesting  rather  for  the  neatness  with  which  it  is 
kept,  and  the  fine  views  commanded  from  its  muni- 
ments, rather  than  from  the  extent  of  the  fortifications. 
It  may  be  reached  by  crossing  to  the  Ferry  Village  by 
the  steam  ferry,  and  a  walk  thence  of  half  a  mile — or 
by  a  pleasant  drive  of  two  miles,  around  by  Cape  EUz- 
abeth  Bridge. 

Prout's  Neck,  in  Scarborough,  a  lone  promonto- 
ry, jutting  far  into  the  ocean,  is  much  resorted  to  in 
summer,  from  all  the  region  round.  At  the  westerly 
extremity  of  the  Neck,  is  situated 

The  Atlantic  House. — ^This  is  a  favorite  hotel,  ten 
miles  from  Portland,  specially  eligible  for  the  enjoyment 
of  sea  air  and  bathing — and  as  to  picturesque  attrac- 
tions, may  rank  with  the  Ocean  House  and  Cape  Cot- 
tage. 

There  is  no  hotel  on  the  promontory  proper,  but  the 
excellent  family  who  own  and  occupy  it  provide  house 
room  for  pic-nic  parties,  take  care  of  their  horses,  fur- 
nish lines  and  bait  to  catch  the  cunners  abounding  about 
the  shores,  for  the  fry,  which  is  considered  an  indispen- 
sible  feature  in  the  dinners  here — and  furnish  table 


PORTLAND  LIGHT. 


GUIDE  BX)K  FOR  PORTLAND  AXD  VICINITY.  43 

ware,  and  cheerfully  do  everything  in  their  power  to 
render  a  visit  agreeable.  Not  unfrequently,  as  many 
as  eighty  or  a  hundred  vehicles,  embracing  all  descrip- 
tions in  use,  may  be  seen  at  this  place  at  once  ;  and  the 
cliffs,  the  fields,  and  far-sweeping,  white  sand  beaches, 
scattered  _over  with  groups  of  gay  loiterers,  present  a 
most  enlivening  appearance. 

Turning  from  the  borders  of  the  ocean,  inland,  for 
places  and  objects  worthy  the  consideration  of  the 
stranger, 

The  ]\I.\rine  Hospital  at  Martin's  Point  should 
not  be  passed  by.  It  is  a  large  and  handsome  build- 
ing, in  a  retired  locality,  commanding  pleasant  views 
of  the  sea  and  country.— just  the  place  where  the  wea- 
ry and  disabled  sailor  would  choose  to  rest.  It.  is  two 
miles  from  the  city. 

The  Eeform  School,  a  prominent  object  across  the 
water  from  the  westerly  end  of  the  city,  two  and  a 
half  miles  distant,  within  the  limits  of  the  town  of  Cape 
Elizabeth,  is  worthy  of  a  visit.  It  is  a  State  institu- 
tion, intended  for  the  reformation  of  young  lads,  who 
render  themselves  am. enable  to  the  criminal  laws,  and 
has  been  productive  of  much  good  in  its  way. 

Evergreen  Cemetery,  the  principal  burial  place  of 
the  city,  is  a  secluded  and  beautiful  area  of  undulating 
woodland,  about  fifty-five  acres  in  extent,  particularly 
attractive  to  those  who  love  the  quietude  of  umbra- 
geous walks,  and  the  gentle  admonitions  of  the  grave. 
There  are  many  fine  monuments  here,  and  much  at- 
tention has  been  paid  to  beautifying  the  grounds.     It  is 


44  GUIDE  BOOK  F:)?v  PvORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

two  and  a  half  miles  from  Portland,  near  the  village  of 
Stevens'  Plains,  in  Westbrook.  An  omnibus  runs  sev- 
eral times  daily,  to  and  from  Portland,  and  the  York 
&  Cumberland,  and  Kennebec  Railroad  cars,  pass  with- 
in half  a  mile  of  the  place.  Fare  on  the  omnibu:^> 
12  1-2  cts.,  on  the  cars,  10  cts. 

The  Eastern  Cemetery,  within  the  limits  of  the 
city,  at  the  corner  of  Congress  and  Mountfort  street*?, 
is  interesting,  from  being  the  oldest  burial  place  of 
Portland.  Here  lie  the  remains  of  Commodore  Ed- 
ward Preble,  who  commanded  the  American  squadron 
during  the  gallant  operations  which  resulted  in  the  re- 
duction of  Tripoli  in  1804,  and  whose  deeds  on  other 
occasions  contributed  largely  in  elevating  the  character 
of  the  American  Navy. 

Here,  too,  side  by  side,  surmounted  by  substantial 
tomb  tables,  are  the  remains  of  Capt.  Blythe  of  the 
British  brig  Boxer,  and  Capt.  Burroughs  of  the  Amer- 
ican brig  Enterprise,  who  were  both  killed  in  the  san- 
guinary engagement  which  took  place  between  the  two 
vessels,  off  the  harbor,  in  September,  1813— which  re- 
sulted in  victory  to  the  American. 

The  Western  Cemetery,  on  Bramhall's  hill,  has 
long  been  used  for  interment,  and  is  the  resting  place 
of  many  who  have  occupied  prominent  positions  in  the 
community. 

Mount  Calvary  Cemetery,  in  Cape  Elizabeth,  the 
burial  place  of  the  Catholics,  was  recently  consecrated, 
but  it  Avill  in  time  be  a  very  attractive  place  ;  and  the 
same  might  be  said  of  Fori:s  r  City  Cemetery,  which 
was  opened  by  the  city  in  1859. 


rKOUT'S  NECK,    [rage  40.] 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOll  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  47 

MANUFACTURES  AND  TRADE. 

Portland  owes  her  prosperity  to  her  commercial  oper- 
ations, rather  than  to  her  manuflicturing  interest.  There 
are  several  kinds  of  manufactures,  however,  which  are 
cirried  on  successfully.  Of  the  establishments  in  this 
line,  the  principal  are 

Brown's  "  Sugar  House,"  corner  of  York  and  Ma- 
ple streets,  an  immense  nmge  of  buildings,  where  su. 
gar  is  made  from  molasses,  at  the  rate  of  two  hundred 
and  fifty  barrels  per  day.  One  hundred  and  fifty  hands 
are  employed,  and  the  consumption  of  molasses  ex- 
ceeds twenty  five  thousand  hogsheads  per  annum. 

The  Portland  Company's  Works,  foot  of  Fore 
street,  are  occupied  for  the  manufacture  of  Railroad 
Locomotives,  Railroad  Cars,  Steam  Engines,  and  oth- 
er machinery  of  various  descriptions,  mostly  connected 
with  the  requirements  of  Raih'oads.  The  work  turn- 
ed out  from  this  establishment  has  gone  to  every  part 
of  the  country,  and  bears  a  high  reputation  for  its 
strength,  durability,  and  superiority  of  finish. 

The  Gas  Light  Company  has  been  in  operation 
ten-years,  and  are  furnisbing  to  all  parts  of  the  city 
gas  lights  of  a  superior  quality,  at  a  charge  of  $3  50  a 
thousand  feet,  with  a  deduction  of  five  per  cent,  for 
monthly  payment?.  The  streets  are  brilliantly  illumin- 
ated by  this  company,  in  which  the  cori)oration  of  the 
city  is  an  owner  of  one  half  of  the  capital  stock.  The 
company  piys  regular  semi-annual  dividends  of  four 
per  cent. 


48  OUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

Casco  Iron  AVorks,  at  Martin's  Point,  two  miles 
from  the  city.  Tlie  buildings  are  large  and  commo- 
dious, and  furnished  with  machinery  of  the  most  ap- 
proved plans,  for  all  kinds  of  heavy,  as  well  as  smaller 
forgings. 

Corey's  Furniture  Manufactory,  head  quarters, 
Exchange  street.  Cabinet  furniture,  of  every  de- 
scription, is  here  manuflictured,  from  the  most  elabor- 
ate and  costly,  to  the  ordinary  kinds — and  upwards  of 
one  hundred  hands  are  constantly  employed. 

The  Portland  Kerosene  Oil  Company,  with  a 
capital  of  $100,000,  commenced  operations  in  August, 
1859,  and  manufacture  loOO  gallons  of  oil  per  day, 
from  the  Albert  coal,  taken  from  the  Albert  mines,  in 
New  Brunswick.  Their  works  are  situated  in  Cape 
Elizabeth,  near  Vaughan's  bridge. 

City  Government.— The  city  is  divided  into  seven 
wards,  and  the  municipal  government  consists  of  a 
mayor  and  one  alderman  from  each  ward,  constituting 
the  higher  branch ;  and  three  delegates  from  each 
ward,  constituting  the  common  council. 

The  Fire  Department  has  under  its  control  one 
steam,  and  nine  hand  engines  for  throwing  water,  with 
otlier  necessary  apparatus,  and  numbers  about  four 
hundred  members,  the  rank  and  file  of  which  are  ])aid 
$20  per  annum,  each.  There  are  60  reservoirs,  and 
ten  wells,  belonging  to  the  city,  for  water,  in  ca<5e  of 
fires.  In  18o8  the  aggregate  damage  1)y  fire  in  Port- 
land was  only  $2o,SlG,  of  which  $1G,S()1  was  covered 
by  insurance. 


^tV.>-<Sr^^  ^ 


REF0R:M  school.    [Pago  43.] 


% 


f^c-:li 


^YlIITE  HEAD. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  51 

The   Newspapers  are  the  Portland    Advertiser, 
published  daily,    triweekly,   and  weekly. 

The  Eastern  Argus,  daily,  tri-weekly,  and  weekly. 
Zion's  Advocate,  Calvinist  Baptist,  weekly. 
Christian  ^Mirror,  Trinitarian  Congregational,  weekly. 
Portland  Transcript,  literary,  weekly. 
Maine  Temperance  Journal,  weekly. 
Pleasure  Boat,  miscellaneous,  weekly. 


it 


GRAND  TRUNK  R.VILWAY  STATION,  PORTLAND. 

The  Railroads  connected  with  the  city  are  the  Grand 
Trunk  Railway,  connecting  the  city  with  INIontreal, 
and  extending  to  Quebec,  316  miles  on  the  East,  and  to 
Port  Sarnia,  on  Lake  Huron,  on  the  West,  790  miles, 
with  several  important  branches.  One  of  the  most 
wonderful  features  on  this  road  is  the  Victoria  Bridge  at 
Montreal,  built  of  iron,  costing  seven  million  dollars. 

Androscoggin  &  Kennebec  Railroad,  connecting 
the  city  with  Waterville,  82  miles  distant,  and 

Penobscot  &  Kennebec  Railroad,  connecting 
the  city,  via  Waterville,  A\'ith  the  important  city  of 
Bangor,  138  miles  distant. 


52  GUlDi::  BOOK  FOU  POllTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

Androscoggin  Railroad,  running  to  Farmington, 
via  Grand  Trunk,  and  Androscoggin  &  Kennebec,  73 
miles. 

Kennebec  &  Portland  Railroad,  running  to 
Augusta,  the  cajntal  of  the  State,  distant  GO  miles,  with 
a  branch  to  Bath,  36  miles. 

Somerset  &  Kenneijec  Railroad,  running  to 
Kendall's  ISIills,  via  Kennebec  &  Portland  Rail  Road, 
81  miles  distant. 

Portland,  Saco  &  Portsmouth  Railroad,  con- 
necting with  Portsmouth,  the  principal  sea  port  of  New 
Hampshire,  5 1  miles,  and  via  Eastern  Railroad  with 
Boston,  105  miles  distant. 

Boston  &  JMaine  Railroad,  the  "upper  route" 
to  Boston,  length  111  miles. 

York  &  Cumberland  Railroad,  cxtendhig  to 
Buxton  and  Saco  River,  18  miles. 

steamboats. 

There  is  a  daily  line  of  excellent  steamers,  running 
to  and  from  Boston,  viz :  the  Montreal,  Lewiston,  and 
Forest  City. 

A  weekly  line  to  New  York,  at  present  performed 
by  the  Chesapeake. 

A  twice-weekly  line  to  Eastport,  Calais,  and  St. 
John,  in  New  Brunswick,  by  steamers  Admiral  and 
Eastern  City. 

A  thrice  weekly  line  to  Augusta  and  intermediate 
towns  on  the  Kennebec,  by  the  steamer  T.  F.  Secor. 

A  thrice-weekly  line  to  Bangor  and  several  interme- 
diate ports,  by  the  steamer  Daniel  Webster. 


;<^M^^ 


:^j^i^A!3\  ^^j^^ — =^ 


MARINE  HOSPITAL.    [Page  43.] 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 


OcEAX  Steamers.  —  The  traveling  public  will 
find  another  source  of  attraction  to  Portland,  inasmuch 
as  it  is  the  winter  terminus  of  a  fine  line  of  ocean 
steamers,  known  as  the  Montreal  Ocean  Steamship 
Company.  Their  boats  ^nll  compare  favorably  with  any 
on  the  Atlantic  Ocean  for  speed,  safety,  and  superior 
accommodations.  They  are  built  of  iron,  with  water- 
tight sectional  bulk-heads,  with  every  security  against 
fire,  and  every  convenience  for  the  safety  and  comfort 
of  f)assengers.  The  experience  of  three  winters'  run- 
ning to  Portland  has  proved  them  to  be  every  way 
worthy  of  confidence  and  support.  They  run  between 
Portland  and  Liverpool  in  the  winter  commencing  in 
November  and  terminating  in  April,  sailing  every  al- 
ternate Saturday.  They  carry  the  United  States  as 
well  as  the  Canadian  mails.  During  the  summer 
mon'.hs,  from  May  to  November,  they  run  between 
Quebec  and  Liverpool,  leaving  Quebec  every  Satur- 
day morning.  To  one  wishing  to  make  a  summer  trip 
to  Europe,  this  line  offers  peculiar  inducements,  on  ac- 
count of  a  large  portion  of  the  route  being  inland 
navigition,  four  days  of  the  passage  being  spent  amidst 
the   beautiful  scenery  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  Strait 


56  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

of  Bellisle,  reducing  the  actual  sea  passage  to  six  days, 
being  the  shortest  sea  route  between  Europe  and  North 
America.  This  rou*e  has  another  important  advantage 
which  should  be  fully  appreciated,  which  is  that  they 
cross  a  path  on  the  ocean  north  of  that  traversed  by 
steamers  of  every  other  line,  by  which  the  fearful  danger 
of  collision  with  another  steamer,  or  with  the  large 
number  of  sailing  vessels,  traversing  a  more  southern 
path  on  the  ocean,  is  avoided.  The  average  passages 
of  these  steamers  have  been  less  than  either  the  Cunard 
or  Collins  line.  Some  of  their  steamers  have  made 
the  shortest  passages  ever  made  between  England  and 
America,  —  the  "  Hungarian,"  of  this  line,  in  the  sum- 
mer of  18o9,  having  made  four  successive  passages  in 
about  thirty-seven  days,  being  an  average  of  nine  days 
and  some  hours  on  each  passage.  It  will  be  seen  by 
their  advertisement  that  passage  tickets  can  be  bought 
in  Portland  in  summer  as  well  as  winter,  at  the  moder- 
ate price  of  $35  for  first  class  and  $30  for  third  class, 
which  includes  railroad  ticket.  In  winter  Portland 
harbor  presents  great  facilities  for  a  steam  packet  sta- 
tion :  its  accessibility  by  day  or  night,  its  broad,  open, 
deep  water  entrances,  and  its  freedom  from  obstruction 
from  ice,  enabling  steamers  to  come  direct  from  sea  to 
the  wharf,  passengers  having  only  to  step  from  the 
steamer  to  the  cars,  to  go  in  any  direction.  The  facil- 
ities for  despatch  in  discharging  a  cargo,  and  the 
promptness  with  which  goods  can  be  entered  and  passed 
at  the  custom  house  here,  would  seem  to  be  a  strong 
inducement  for  merchants  in  other  cities  to  import 
their  goods  by  this  line. 


,  "l.  ^ 


K 


KESIDENCE  OF  J.  13.  BUOTX,  Esq.    [Page  72.] 


A  SUMMARY  HISTORY  OF  PORTLAND. 


BY   WILLIAM    AVILLIS. 


The  settlement  of  the  town  was  commenced  in  1632,  by 
George  Cleeves  and  Richard  Tucker,  two  persons  who  came 
from  Plymouth,  England.  They  originally  took  possession  of 
laud  at  the  mouth  of  Spurwink  river  in  Cape  Elizabeth,  but 
being  driven  from  this  point,  by  the  legal  proprietors  of  the 
soil,  they  sought  a  new  home  on  this  neck.  They  made 
their  location  on  the  bay  at  the  eastern  end  of  the  town,  be- 
low what  is  now  India  street,  on  the  south  slope  of  Munjoy's 
Hill.  Thei-e  Cleeves  built  the  first  house  that  was  erected 
on  this  territory,  near  a  small  brook  which  flowed  from  a 
natural  fountain  on  the  hill,  and  which  continues  to  flow  for 
the  uses  of  the  present  generation,  and  to  the  emolument  of 
the  proprietor,  who  has  enclosed  the  waters  in  an  aqueduct 
and  makes  merchandise  of  them.  Cleeves'  corn  field  ex- 
tended to  Clay  Cove,  and  his  barn  stood  in  what  is  now  the 
south-eastern  corner  of  the  cemetery.  The  Indian  name  of 
this  spot  was  Machigonne,  from  Matche,  bad,  gon^  clay. 

Cleeves  finding  the  spot  he  had  selected  most  eligible  and 
agreeable,  returned  to  England  in  1637,  and  procured  for 
himself  and  Tucker,  from  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges,  the  pro- 
prietor of  that  part  of  Maine  which  lies  between  the  Ken- 
nebec and  Piscataqua  rivers,  and  the  zealous  pi-omoter  of 


60  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

colonization  on  our  coast,  a  grant  of  the  peninsula  and  the 
land  north  of  Back  Cove  to  the  Falls  of  the  Presumpscot, 
and  the  adjacent  islands.  He  immediately  set  about  im- 
proving his  large  domain.  He  placed  his  son-in-law,  Michael 
Mitton,  whom  he  brought  over  with  him  in  1637,  upon  the 
point  of  land  at  the  western  end  of  the  town,  now  called 
Clark's  Point,  where  the  gas  works  stand.  Tucker  took  the 
intermediate  portion  of  the  Neck ;  and  they  parcelled  out 
the  territory,  and  that  north-west  of  Back  Cove,  to  settlers 
wlio  sought  the  place.  Mitton  also  received  a  lease  for  sixty 
years  of  Peak's,  then  called  Pond  Island,  which  lies  near 
the  mouth  of  the  harbor,  and  a  portion  of  which  is  now  held 
by  the  Bracketts,  who  are  his  descendants. 

The  settlement  continued  to  be  called  the  Neck,  and  Casco 
Neck,  until  its  incorporation  as  Portland  in  1786.  In  1658, 
^lassachusetts,  claiming  the  territory  and  jurisdiction  of  this 
])ortion  of  Gorges'  grant,  by  a  forced  construction  of  their 
charter,  compelled  the  inhabitants,  all  unwillingly,  to  sub- 
mit to  her  government,  and  then  gave  the  name  of  Falmouth 
to  the  large  tract  of  land  lying  between  Spurwink  River  and 
Casco  Bay,  extending  back  to  the  line  of  Windham,  and 
bounded  by  Scarborough,  Gorliam,  Windham,  and  Cumber- 
land, embracing  an  area  of  about  40,000  acres,  and  including 
the  present  towns  of  Portland,  Cape  Elizabeth,  Westbrook, 
and  Falmouth.  The  different  localities  retained  for  many 
years,  and  even  to  the  present  time,  many  of  them,  their  an- 
cient designations,  such  as  Pui-pooduc  and  Spurwink  in 
Cape  Elizabeth;  Stroudwatcr,  Saccarappa,  and  Capisic  in 
Westbrook ;  Casco,  Old  Casco,  Back  Cove,  and  the  Neck ; 
which  were  rendered  convenient  by  the  large  space  occupied 
by  the  original  town. 

Settlers  of  a  most  respectable  character  soon  flocked  in- 
to the  town,  attracted  by  the  advantages  offerc  1  for  fishing, 
lumber,  and  trade.  The  Bracketts,  Thomas  and  Anthony, 
came  early  from  Greenland,  N.  H  ,  and  married  the  daugh- 
ters of  MiL-hufl  Mitton,  A'uiu  and  M  irv,  bv  wli'jin  thry  had 


I  A  SUMMARY  HISTORY  OP  PORTLAND.  61 

i  large  families  and  inherited  extensive  estates,  embracing  the 
I  Deering  farm  at  Back  Cove,  and  a  large  tract  at  the  upper 
end  of  the  Neck.  George  Munjoy,  from  Boston,  an  edu- 
I  cated  man,  who  married  the  daughter  of  Deacon  John 
Phillips,  a  wealthy  merchant  of  Boston,  also  came  as  early 
as  1659,  and  with  his  father-in-law  purchased  of  Cleeves  the 
hill  which  now  wears  his  name  in  perpetual  remembrance. 
Thaddeus  Clark,  from  Ireland,  married  Elizabeth,  another 
daughter  of  Mitton,  and  grand-daughter  of  Cleeves,  and  es- 
tablished himself  on  the  point  which  has  ever  since  borne 
his  name,  whose  eldest  daughter  married  Capt.  Edward 
Tyng,  a  name  distinguished  in  the  annals  of  Massachusetts. 
George  Burroughs,  the  minister,  a  graduate  of  Harvard  Col- 
lege in  the  class  of  1670,  came  to  preach  to  the  people  and 
had  a  liberal  endowment  of  land.  At  Cape  Elizabeth,  and 
Back  Cove,  there  were  other  settlers  in  this  early  day,  of 
equal  respectability,  Jordans,  Phippens,  Whites,  Andrews, 
Skillings,  &c.,  whose  annals  fill  into  another  department  of 
description.  The  settlement  was  flourishing  and  happy,  and 
contained  with  its  surroundings  over  forty  families,  five  of 
wluim  were  upon  the  Neck ;  when  suddenly  the  dark  cloud 
of  Indian  war  over-shadowed  them,  and  in  August,  1676,  all 
the  settlements  in  the  town  were  ravaged,  and  the  inhabitants 
who  had  not  previously  sought  refuge  in  more  secure  places, 
were  killed  or  carried  into  captivity,  and  the  place  was  en- 
tirely destroyed.  Among  the  killed  were  Thomas  Brackett, 
his  brother-in-law,  Nath'l  Mitton,  John  Munjoy,  and  Isaac 
Wakely;  Anthony  Brackett  and  his  family,  and  the  family 
of  his  brother  Thomas,  were  taken  captives. 

The  town  remained  desolate  until  the  conclusion  of  peace 
in  1678,  when  the  inhabitants  began  to  return  and  build  up 
the  waste  places.  In  that  year,  George  Bramhall  of  Ports- 
mouth purchased  the  f.irra  at  the  western  end  of  the  town, 
including  the  hill  which  retains  his  name,  and  established 
at  its  foot  a  large  tannery.  The  original  deed  of  this  tract 
to  Hope  Allen  from  Cleeves,  written  on  Darchment  a  id  dated 


G2  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  TORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

1660,  is  in  tlie  hands  of  the  -writei-  of  this  article.  Antlinny 
Brackett,  avIio  occupied  the  Deerlng  farm,  returned  in  ir/ 
Thaddeus  Clark  and  the  Munjoy  family  also  returned.  Mrs. 
Jlun  joy,  whose  husband  died  in  1680,  married  the  same  year, 
Capt.  Kobert  Lawrence.  These  entered  into  possession  of 
their  respective  estates.  Capt.  Tyng  and  Sylvanus  Davis 
also  came,  and  the  Rev.  ]\Ir.  Burroughs,  for  whom  a  meet- 
ing-house was  erected  on  the  point  now  occupied  by  the 
Portland  Company's  works.  A  fine  accession  was  made  to 
the  town  in  1687  by  the  arrival  of  Dr.  Pierre  Baudouin,  a 
Huguenot  physician  from  Eochelle,  with  his  son-in-law 
Stephen  Boutineau,  and  their  friends  Philip  Barger  and 
Philip  LeBretton.  These  respectable  persons  made  pur- 
chases and  erected  houses  near  the  foot  of  Park  Street  on 
the  bank  of  the  river;  the  other  settlers,  except  the  Bram- 
halls,  Clark,  and  the  Bracketts,  settled  near  the  foot  of  India 
Street,  which  was  then  the  principal  seat  of  business  and 
dwelling,  on  the  Neck,  and  where  Fort  Loj-al,  the  largest 
fortification  on  this  coast  was  constructed. 

Under  these  fixvorable  circumstances,  the  town  was  mak- 
ing rapid  progress;  its  population  was  remarkably  intelli- 
gent and  enterprising,  and  it  is  impossible  to  say  what  might 
not  have  been  the  result  of  such  ability  and  energy,  the 
Protestant  French  element  in  the  BoAvdoin  family,  mingling 
Avith  the  Anglo-Saxon,  had  not  the  disastrous  Indian  Avar  of 
1689  driven  the  largest  part  of  the  population  aAvay,  and 
murdered  and  captured  AA'hat  remained.  Lieut.  Chn*k  and 
thirteen  of  his  company  Avere  killed  by  a  party  of  French 
and  Indians  in  ambush  on  ^Munjoy's  Hill.  Capt.  LaAvrence, 
Avho  had  a  stone  house  on  the  hill,  Avas  also  killed.  Among 
the  slain  in  the  sevenil  engagements  A\'ere  prominent  men, 
as  George  Bramhall,  Anthony  Brackett,  Andrew  Alger,  Jas. 
Freeze,  Thomas  Browne,  and  Mr.  Palmer.  On  the  IGtli  of 
;May,  1690,  Fort  Loyal  A\'as  taken,  after  a  siege  of  five  days, 
by  500  French  and  Indians,  and  Capt.  Davis,  commander  of 
the  Fort,  Avith  his  surviving  garrison,  Avere  carried  capti\-o 


A  SUMMARY  HISTORY  OF  PORTLAND.  63 

to  Quebec.  Among  the  slain  were  John  Parker,  the  ances- 
tor of  the  late  Chief  Justice  Parker  of  Massachusetts,  and 
his  son  James. 

Thus  was  this  devoted  town  a  second  time  entirely  d3- 
stroyed ;  and  no  successful  attempts  were  made  to  revive  it 
until  after  the  peace  of  Utrecht  in  1713,  when  it  was  hoped 
tlie  country  would  be  freed  from  Indian  depredations.  A 
few  of  the  old  settlers  then  straggled  back,  some  of  the  de- 
scendants of  others,  and  disbanded  soldiers  who  had  served 
on  this  frontier,  remained  here  and  were  gradually  joined  by 
others.  The  chief  of  these  new  settlers  was  Major  Samuel 
Moody,  who  had  been  an  active  partisan  in  the  war,  a  sou 
of  Rev.  Joshua  Moody,  and  a  graduate  of  Harvard  in  1689, 
as  was  also  his  son  Joshua  in  the  class  of  1716.  Capt.  Larra- 
bee,  who  had  also  been  in  the  service,  moved  his  family  here 
in  1717,  the  same  year  in  which  ]\Iajor  Moody  moved  his.  The 
Ingersolls,  the  Skillings,  the  Sawyers,  Mountfort,  Doughty, 
Collier,  Mills,  the  Bracketts,  the  Barbours,  Thomes,  and  the 
Gustins,  all  came  along  about  the  same  time,  and  erected 
their  humble  habitations,  some  on  the  neck,  others  at  Back 
Cove  and  Cape  Elizabeth.  In  1718  there  were  twenty  f;im- 
ilies  settled  on  the  Neck  in  a  compact  and  defensible  man- 
ner, and  the  same  year  the  General  Court  by  their  com- 
mittee run  out  the  lines  and  bounded  the  town,  and  there- 
upon corporate  powers  were  granted  to  it,  embracing  the 
whole  of  ancient  Falmouth. 

The  rebuilding  of  the  town  commenced  on  the  tract  east 
of  Clay  Cove,  principally  at  the  foot  of  India  Street,  then 
called  Broad  Street,  and  below  that,  on  the  margin  of  the 
bay,  where  had  stood  the  houses  of  Cleeves,  Munjoy,  Law- 
rence, &c.  This  continued  to  be  the  court  end  of  the  town 
until  after  the  peace  of  1783.  It  was  on  the  corner  of  Mid- 
dle and  India  Streets  that  the  meeting-house  was  erect- 
ed, where  the  Eev.  Jonathan  Pierpont  first  preached,  and 
where  the  first  settled  minister,  Rev.  Thomas  Smith,  com- 


t34  GUIDE  BOOK  FOK  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

menced  his  ministry  of  over  sixty-eight  years  in  1727. 
This  was  a  humble  one-story  building,  Avithout  seats  and 
without  glass,  and  continued  to  be  the  only  house  of  wor- 
ship on  the  Neck,  until  1740,  when  the  new  wooden  build- 
ing, two  stories  high  and  full  of  windows,  with  a  porch,  but 
without  a  tower  or  steeple,  was  opened  for  worship  in  July, 
1740;  and  vras  the  meeting-house  of  the  First  Parish  until 
removed  in  1824  to  make  room  for  the  present  stone  church 
of  that  society,  dedicated  in  February,  1826;  all  the  while 
receiving  improvements,  such  as  enlargement,  tower,  steeple, 
bell,  paint.  Sec. 

The  remainder  of  the  towm  at  the  time  of  its  incorpora- 
tion, 1718,  above  Clay  Cove,  was  but  little  improved,  a  large 
part  of  it  was  covered  by  a  forest,  and  along  where  Federal 
and  Fore  Streets  are,  were  swamps,  which  even  down  to 
the  days  of  the  Revolution  were  covered  with  alder  and 
blueberry  bushes,  wliere  there  were  not  ponds.  A  brook 
llowed  from  a  pond  in  the  northern  part  of  Hampshire  Street 
into  Clay  Cove,  which  was  crossed  by  bridges  on  Fore  and 
Middle  Streets,  under  which  boats  passed.  On  Fore  Street, 
which  ran  on  the  bank  of  the  river  up  to  Centre  Street, 
houses  gradually  were  built,  the  Ingersolls  and  Proctor 
owning  most  of  the  land.  The  passages,  being  first  but 
trails  or  foot  paths  through  the  woods,  grew  gradually  into 
streets,  as  vehicles  requiring  them  were  introduced,  and  set- 
tlers occupied  their  grants,  and  they  were  named  from  their 
position,  the  Fore,  the  Middle,  and  the  Back  Streets.  Broad 
Street  was  afterwards  dignified  by  the  name  of  King  Street, 
which  in  time  came  to  be  too  aristocratic,  and  was  named 
India,  while  Back,  became  Queen,  and  which  by  a  like  re- 
version of  opinion,  came  to  be  Congress  Street. 

The  old  meeting-house,  after  1740,  was  used  for  a  town- 
house  and  school-house  until  1774,  when  it  was  removed  to 
make  way  for  a  new  court-house,  which  was  erected  on  the 
spot.  New  settlers  were  now  continually  coming  in  of  sub- 
fctantial  character,  who  brought  little  capital,  but  good  trades,   I 


A  SUMMARY  HISTORY  OF  PORTLAND.  65 

industrious  habits,  and  energy  of  character.  The  Jones's 
from  Worcester  County;  Longfellow,  Moody's,  Pearson,  Tit- 
comb,  Dole,  Lowell,  Coffin,  Ilsleys,  Lunts,  Noyes's,  Moody's 
from  Essex  County ;  Bangs,  Cobbs,  and  Freeman  from  Cape 
Cod;  Waites  from  Charlestown;  Waldos  and  Watts,  Tyng 
and  Codman  from  Boston ;  Preble  and  Bradburys  from  Yoi'k ; 
Pagan  and  Ross  from  the  old  country,  both  Scotchmen. 

The  sixt}'  j'ears  from  the  settlement  in  1715,  to  the  time 
of  the  Eevolution,  was  a  period  of  steady  growth ;  and  an 
extensive  and  profitable  business,  for  that  day,  was  done 
here.  Mast  ships  were  built  and  loaded  Avith  the  growth 
of  our  forests,  owned  and  employed  abroad;  great  quantities 
of  lumber  were  manufoctured  and  shipped,  and  the  West 
India  trade  was  successfully  conducted.  In  Sept.  1756, 
three  large  ships  and  a  snow,  the  then  name  for  a  brig,  were 
loading  here.  In  Oct.  1762,  Capt.  Eoss  had  a  ship  of  700 
tons  come  into  the  harbor  for  a  cargo  of  deals,  &c.,  beside 
which,  were  six  other  ships  and  snows  here  at  the  same 
time.  On  Nov.  1,  1766,  six  large  ships  were  lying  in  the 
harbor.  But  the  inhabitants  owned  no  large  vessels,  none 
exceeding  150  tons,  and  these  were  sloops,  schooners,  and 
brigs.  At  the  commencement  of  the  Revolution,  the  amount 
of  tonnage  owned  in  Portland  was  2,555,  the  principal  own- 
ers being  Enoch  Ilsley,  Capt.  Pote,  Waite,  Mayo,  Pagan, 
Titcomb,  Sandford,  Preble,  and  Oxnard. 

The  lumbering  and  fishing  interests  were  absorbing;  agri- 
culture was  so  much  neglected,  that  the  staple  articles  of 
life  were  imported  into  the  place,  corn  from  North  Carolina, 
potatoes,  &c.,  from  Massachusetts  and  other  parts  of  New 
England. 

The  population  of  the  Neck  gradually  increased;  in  1753 
it  numbered  720  souls,  while  the  whole  town,  including 
Cape  Elizabeth,  contained  2,712,  and  at  that  time  there  were 
21  slaves  in  town,  Parson  Smith  owning  one.  In  1759  there 
were  upon  the  Neck  136  dwelling-houses,  and  four  ware- 
houses, occupied  by  families,  containing  in  all,  960  inhabi- 


06  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

taiits ;  these  were  increased  in  1774  to  2,000,  and  the  territory 
was  occupied  as  far  westward  as  Centre  Street,  with  a  few 
scatterinj^  houses  above;  the  upper  portion  of  the  Neclc  and 
the  margin  of  Back  Cove  were  covered  with  woods,  and 
portions  of  the  central  parts  with  alder  swamps  and  small 
ponds. 

And  now  came  the  third  severe  trial  which  this  doomed 
town  Avas  destined  to  undergo.  On  the  18th  of  Oct ,  1775, 
the  fairest  portion  of  the  thriving  village  was  laid  in  ashes 
by  a  British  fleet,  under  the  command  of  Henry  Mowatt, 
consisting  of  five  war  vessels.  The  catastrophe  may  justly, 
I  think,  be  attributed  to  a  private  pique  of  the  commander, 
rather  than  to  -any  public  emergency.  IMowatt  had  been 
seized  while  walking  on  Mnnjoy's  Hill,  with  his  surgeon  and 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Wiswall,  the  Episcopal  minister,  by  Col. 
Thompson  from  Brunswick,  with  a  party  of  militia,  and 
they  were  kept  prisoners  some  hours,  until  upon  the  urgent 
entreaty  of  the  principal  inhabitants,  they  Avere  released  on 
their  parole ;  the  ofllcers  on  board  the  vessel  having  threat- 
ened to  fire  upon  the  town  unless  they  Avere  immediately 
given  up.  This  was  in  May ;  considerable  disturbance  took 
place  during  the  summer  betAveen  the  Avliigs  and  tories,  the 
latter  of  Avliom  were  numerous  and  influential,  numbering 
among  them  Sheriff  Tyng,  Capt.  Pote,  the  Oxnards,  Pagan, 
the  Wyers,  Coulson,  &c. ;  se\'cral  others,  Avithout  taking  an 
active  part,  sympathized  Avitli  them.  The  Avdiigs  Averc  led 
off  by  the  Freemans,  Prebles,  Waitcs,  and  others  equally 
respectable,  among  Avhom  Avas  Theophilus  Parsons,  then  a 
young  laAvyer  here,  and  afterAvards  Chief  Justice  of  Mas- 
sachusetts. These  Avere  stimulated  and  sustained  by  hot 
spirits  from  the  country,  AAdio  poured  into  the  village,  and 
could  hardly  be  restrained  from  doing  violence.  It  is  sup- 
posed that  MoAvatt's  private  grievances  and  the  exaspera- 
tion of  the  tories' here  induced  this  commander  to  procure 
orders  from  his  superior,  Admiral  Graves,  on  the  Boston 
station,  to  destroy  the  town.     At  any  rate,  armed  Avith  uu- 


A  SUMMARY  HISTORY  OF  PORTLAND.  67 

thority,  ho  returned  on  the  IGth  of  Oct.,  and  on  the  18th 
laid  the  town  in  ashes.  All  the  compact  part  of  the  town 
was  destroyed,  embracing  4 14  buildings,  which  included  the 
new  court-house,  the  Episcopal  church,  and  custom-house ; 
the  whole  los3  was  estimated  by  a  committee,  at  about  £55,- 
000 ;  only  100  dwelling-houses  were  left  standing,  many  of 
which  were  much  damaged.  The  meeting-house  of  the 
First  Parish  escaped  destruction  by  the  vigilance  of  its 
friends,  although  riddled  by  cannon  balls,  and  stood  a  relic 
of  the  past  until  1824.  The  only  houses  for  worship  at  that 
time,  on  the  Neck,  Avere  the  meeting-house  of  the  First 
Parish,  in  which  officiated  the  venerable  Smith  and  his  col- 
league Samuel  Deane,  both  sons  of  Harvard,  and  which 
ministi-ies  extended  from  1727  to  1814,  the  former  over  68 
years,  the  latter  50  years;  and  the  Episcopal  church,  in 
which  officiated  the  Rev.  John  Wiswall. 

Little  was  done  toward  restoring  the  town  until  the  peace 
of  1783.  The  inhabitants,  who  remained  among  the  ruins, 
suffered  many  privations,  and  those  who  had  removed  to  the 
country  had  no  means  to  rebuild  their  desolate  habitations. 
But  with  the  cheering  advent  of  peace,  a  new  era  commen- 
ced in  the  place.  Rapid  accessions  were  made  to  the  pop- 
ulation from  the  old  country  and  the  more  settled  parts  of 
New  England;  trade  revived;  the  lumber,  and  fishing  and 
ship  building  business  took  a  lively  start ;  and  for  the  next 
25  years,  until  the  disastrous  days  of  the  embargo  and  non- 
intercourse,  the  town  experienced  an  uninterrupted  course  of 
prosperity.  In  1784,  41  dwelling-houses,  10  stores,  and  7 
shops  were  built;  the  next  year,  33  houses,  and  so  on  from 
year  to  year.  The  first  brick  building  built  in  town,  being 
the  house  of  Gen.  Wadsworth,  now  standing  on  Congi-ess 
Street,  was  begun  in  1784. 

In  1786,  the  Neck  was  incorporated  as  a  separate  town 
by  the  name  of  Portland,  a  fancy  selection  of  the  inhabi- 
tants, the  population  then  being  about  2,000.     In  Boston  the 


08  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

same  year,  it  was  14,640.  In  1832  it  received  a  city  charter, 
and  had  a  popuhxtion  of  13,000.  The  population  increased 
in  each  decade  as  follows:  in  1790,  2,240;  1800,  3,704,  living 
in  4G0  dwelling-houses;  1810,7,169;  1820,  8,581,  embraced 
in  1,507  fomilies;  1830,  12,601;  1840,  15,218;  1848,  19,013, 
living  in  1,540  dwelling-houses;  1850,  20,878;  and  tho  esti- 
mate for  1860  is  30,000.  By  the  census  of  1850,  Portland 
was  in  extent  of  population,  the  25th  city  in  the  Union. 
The  statistics  of  1847  show  among  the  inhabitants,  20  clergy- 
men, 22  physicians,  7  dentists,  and  43  lawyers,  now  much 
increased.  By  the  census  of  1850,  there  were  2,728  dwelling- 
houses,  3,977  ftimilies,  and  for  that  year  ending  March  31, 
1851,  the  number  of  deaths  was  345,  or  1  to  60  of  the  popu- 
lation; of  whom  13  were  over  80  j'cars  old,  and  35  between 
60  and  80. 

The  commercial  interest  kept  pace  with  tho  population. 
In  1789  the  tonnage  of  Portland  was  5,000 ;  in  1793  it  was 
11,173  tons,  including  13  ships,  24  brigs,  23  schooners,  and 
20  sloops;  in  1807  it  stood  30,000  tons.  In  1829  the  tonnage 
measured  51,111,  embracing  16  ships,  8  barques,  and  107 
brigs.  In  1857  the  tonnage  of  the  District  was  145,242,  be- 
ing the  9th  in  the  United  States.  In  that  j-ear  there  were 
built  in  the  District,  10,850,  in  1854,  25,223  tons.  The  prin- 
cipal imports  in  1857  Avere,  flour,  281,647  bbls.,  corn,  360,000 
bushels;  coal,  36,168  tons;  molasses,  3,961,699 gallons;  sugar, 
6,639,744  pounds,  &c.  Exports,  fish,  lumber,  various  kinds 
of  manufactures,  and  agi'icultural  productions. 

As  accessory  to  commercial  enterprise.  Banks  were  among 
the  agents  early  introduced.  Tho  Portland  Bank,  the  first 
established  in  Maine,  was  incorporated  in  1799.  There  arc 
now  ten  Banks,  viz ;— Casco,  capital  8600,000 ;  Canal,  capi- 
tal $600,000;  Bank  of  Cumberland,  capital  $200,000;  Man- 
ufacturers &  Traders',  capital  $250,000;  ^lerchants',  capital 
$225,000;  Mechanics',  capital  $100,000;  Atlantic,  capital 
$100,000  ;   International,  cai)ital  $250,000  ;  Portland   Sav- 


A  SUMMARY  HISTORY  OF  PORTLAND.  69 

ings,  deposits  S  125,000;  and  Five  Cents  Savings,  recently 
established.     The  last  two  are  only  banks  of  deposit. 

The  Ocean  Insurance  Company  was  incorporated  in  1832, 
as  successor  to  the  Maine  Fire  and  Marine,  with  a  capital  of 
$100,000,  and  is  doing  a  successful  business,  principally 
mnrine.  The  Portland  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company, 
incorporated  in  1828,  is  doing  a  large  and  profitable  business. 
Beside  these,  many  Insurance  Companies  in  other  States 
have  established  agencies  in  this  city,  whicli  are  issuing 
numerous  policies  in  both  fire  and  marine  insurance. 

In  1828  the  Cumberland  and  Oxford  Canal,  a  project  which 
had  long  been  contemplated,  was  commenced,  and  finishe  I 
ill  1830,  at  an  expense  of  8^0(3,000.  It  passes  through  the 
valley  of  the  Presumpscot  River  to  the  Sebago  Lake,  thence 
through  that  Lake,  the  outlet  of  Long  Pond,  and  10  miles 
further  through  Long  Pond  to  Harrison,  at  the  head  of  that 
beautiful  sheet  of  Avater,  opening  a  water  communication 
of  over  40  miles,  and  aftbrding  easy  transportation  for  Avood, 
lumber,  and  manufactured  and  agricultural  products.  It  is 
now  held  by  a  few  individuals,  who  purchased  the  fran- 
chise and  property  in  1857. 

Among  the  causes  Avhich  have  given  the  greatest  impetus 
to  the  prosperity  of  Portland  Avas  the  introduction  of  the 
railroad  system,  by  which  easy  communication  is  now  had 
Avith  the  principal  portions  of  the  State  and  Avith  other 
States.  In  1842  the  Portland,  Saco  and  Portsmouth  Road 
Avas  opened.  But  as  the  effect  of  this  Avas  not  so  much  to 
bring  business  to  the  city  as  to  take  it  aAvay,  measures  Avere 
sojn  adopted  to  form  connections  of  a  more  profitable  char- 
acter Avith  the  interior.  For  this  purpose  a  Company  w-as 
formed  and  a  charter  obtained,  to  construct  a  Railroad  to 
Canada.  In  pursuance  of  this  Avise  purpose,  and  the  un- 
Avearied  energy  of  the  pi-oprietors,  the  grand  line  of  the  At- 
Imtic  and  St.  LaAvrence  Railroad  Avas  built,  11  miles  of 
Aviiich  AA-ere  opened  in  1«48,  37  in  1849,  and  in  1853  it  Avas 
finished  to  its  junction  Avith  the  Canada  Road  from  Montreal, 


70  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  TOETLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

a  distance  from  Portland  of  149  miles.  The  Road  was  leas- 
ed to  the  proprietors  of  the  Grand  Trunk  lload  in  1854,  and 
has  been  run  by  them  in  conjunction  -with  their  lines  in 
Canada,  very  uniformh'  since  that  time.  The  distance  to 
Montreal  is  292  miles,  and  to  Quebec  316  miles.  To\vai-d 
this  grand  enterprise  the  city  of  Portland  loaned  its  credit 
in  Bonds  to  the  amount  of  $2,000,000. 

The  Androscoggin  and  Kennebec,  and  the  Androscoggin 
Railroads,  and  the  Kennebec  and  Portland,  and  the  Penob- 
scot and  Kennebec  Roads  soon  followed,  connecting  Port- 
land with  the  waters  of  the  Kennebec,  and  the  Counties  of 
Fi-anklin,  Somerset,  Kennebec,  and  Penobscot,  introdu- 
cing us  to  the  valleys  of  the  Androscoggin,  Kennebec, 
and  Penobscot  Rivers,  and  opening  a  valuable  and  profita- 
ble communication  with  the  interior  and  most  productive 
portions  of  our  State.  All  these  improvements  cost  over 
$20,000,000,  and  are  now  in  successful  operation. 

The  York  and  Cumberland  Railroad,  connecting  Portland 
with  the  Saco  River,  18  miles,  has  been  several  years  in 
operation,  and  is  on  its  way  through  HoUis,  Alfred,  and 
South  Berwick,  to  form  a  junction  with  the  Roads  in  New 
Hampshire,  which  spread  over  the  interior  of  that  State  and 
beyond  its  borders.  This  great  improvement,  when  com- 
pleted, will  still  further  increase  the  trade  and  advant:iges 
of  this  city. 

The  amount  of  city  indebtedness  in  April  1859,  was  8688,- 
554,  from  which  should  be  deducted  stocks  and  bonds,  pay- 
ing interest,  $212,000;  $131,000  being  invested  in  the  Gas 
Light  Company.  In  addition  to  this  amount,  the  city  has 
outstanding  bonds  loaned  to  the  Atlantic  and  St.  Lawrence 
Railroad  Company  for  $2,000,000,  amply  secured  by  a  first 
mortgage  upon  the  property  and  a  sinking  fund,  the  interest 
being  regularly  paid  by  the  Grand  Trunk  Company. 

The  receipts  of  the  city  for  the  year  ending  April,  1859, 
were  $417,074  87,  including  $172,000  on  loans;  and  the  Ex- 
penditures were  $421,727,  which   iiicUided   $80,000  paid  un 


A  SU3DIARY  HISTORY  OF  PORTLAND.  71 

city  debt,  new  buildings  $94,000,  and  State  and  County 
taxes  §33,790.  The  amount  of  taxes  levied  was  $187,064, 
being  at  the  rate  of  $8,60  on  $1,000  of  the  valuation.  The 
valuation  of  the  city  in  1859  was— real  estate,  $13,241,100; 
personal  property  8,918,700.     Number  of  polls,  3,369 

On  the  conclusion  of  the  peace  of  1783  there  were  but 
two  religious  societies  in  Portland,  the  First  Parish  and  the 
Episcopal  society;  the  latter  had  become  almost  extinct  by 
the  withdrawal  of  many  of  its  members  as  loyalists.  In 
1787,  the  2d  Congregational  Society  was  established,  and 
Per.  Elijah  Kellogg  ordained  as  its  pastor;  this  was  followed 
by  a  Society  of  Friends  or  Quakers,  Avho  ei'ccted  a  brick 
meeting-house  in  1795 ;  a  Methodist  Society  was  organized 
the  same  year;  a  Baptist  Society  in  1801 ;  a  Christian  or 
Free  Will  Baptist  in  1810;  a  Universalist  in  1821;  a  Swe- 
denborgian  in  1821;  a  Roman  Catholic  in  1822.  A  Catholic 
Bishop,  Dr.  Bacon,  the  first  appointed  to  the  Diocese  of 
Maine,  Avas  consecrated  to  the  service  in  1855.  The  3d  Con- 
gregational Chui-ch  Avas  established  in  1825 ;  High  Street 
Church  in  1830;  Park  Street  in  1835;  State  Street  in  1852; 
the  Union  Society  in  1856;  the  St.  Lawrence  St.  in  1857.  In 
1803  the  Episcopalians  erected  their  first  brick  church,  St^ 
Paul's,  on  School,  now  Pearl  Street,  (they  subsequently 
adopted  the  name  of  St.  Stephen's)  and  in  1855,  another  So- 
ciety, formed  two  years  previously,  under  the  name  of  St. 
Luke,  built  the  beautiful  stone  church  now  occupied  by 
them  on  Congress  Street.  There  are  now  in  Portland  8 
Orthodox  Congregational  Societies,  which  includes  the  Sea- 
man's or  Bethel  Church,  2  Unitarian,  2  Baptist,  3  Methodist, 
1  Free  Will  Baptist,  1  Swedenborgian,  2  Roman  Catholic,  1 
Quaker,  2  Episcopalian,  1  Advent,  all  of  whom  have  good, 
and  many  of  them  elegant  houses  of  worship,  except  the 
Advent  Society,  who  hold  their  meetings  in  a  hall.  The 
Spiritualists  also  hold  regular  meetings  in  a  hall  hired  by 
them.  Tliere  is  also  a  ministry  to  the  Poor,  under  the  man- 
ageiujiit  uf  the  twj  Uaitariau  Societies,   which  has  a  com- 


72  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

modious  chapel,  a  Sunday  school,  and  a  constant  mhiistra- 
tioii  on  the  Sabbath,  well  attended  and  very  useful. 

The  literary  and  benevolent  institutions  of  the  place  have 
also  kept  pace  with  the  progress  of  the  town  and  of  the  age. 
Tho  whole  number  of  Public  Schools  is  25,  of  which  9  are 
High  and  Graratnar  schools,  14  Primary,  and  2  mixed,  upon 
the  islands,  the  whole  having  an  average  of  3,250  pupils, 
girls  and  boys.  These  schools  are  in  admirable  condition, 
and  afford  thorough  instruction  in  all  the  branches  of  a 
sound  education.  Besides  these  public  schools  are  several 
p  -ivate  ones,  in  which  classical  and  other  studies  are  pur- 
sued, and  also  an  evening  school  in  winter  for  apprentices 
and  others,  employed  by  day.  The  school  houses  arc  gen- 
erally furnishe  1  with  the  needful  apparatus  for  a  good  edu- 
cation, and  constructed  upon  the  most  approved  plan.  The 
whole  expense  of  the  public  schools  to  the  city  for  the  year 
ending  in  April,  1859,  was  $27,758.  An  Academy  on  a  good 
foundation  was  early  established,  but  the  constantly  im- 
proving condition  of  the  public  schools,  and  their  excellent 
system  of  instruction,  gradually  drew  away  the  pupils,  and 
teaching  in  it  has  for  several  years  been  suspended.  It  will 
l)r.)bably,  ere  long,  be  revived  in  an  improved  form. 

Many  of  the  private  buildings,  both  stores  and  dwellings, 
are  of  a  high  order  for  taste  and  beauty,  and  no  city  of  its 
size  contains  so  many  handsome  and  convenient  private  res- 
idences, surrounded  by  fine  gardens  tastefully  ornamented, 
as  Portland.  It  will  not  be  making  an  invidious  distinction 
to  select  one,  which  for  beauty  of  situation  and  its  surround- 
ings, is  preeminent;  we  refer  to  Mr.  Brown's,  upon  the  west- 
ern promenade.  It  stands  in  the  midst  of  ten  acres  of  high- 
ly cultivated  and  improved  land,  and  overlooks  a  wide  ex- 
tent of  beautiful  scenery,  and  is  itself  an  attractive  object 
as  you  approach  the  city.  The  first  portion  of  this  century 
was  marked  by  the  erection  of  largi>  and  elegant  hoti-:es. 
The  merchants  had  been   successful,  and  their  prosperity 


RESIDENCE  OF  R.  S.  MORSE,  Esq. 


A  SUMMARY  IIIST3RY  OF  TORTLAND.  75 

was  first  displayed  in  the  constniction  and  omiamcnt  of  tlieir 
places  of  abode.  It  was  at  this  period,  the  first  seven  years 
of  the  century,  that  the  M'Lellan  houses  were  erected  on 
High  Street  by  the  brothers  Hugh  and  Stephen,  the  Matthew 
Cobb  house  on  the  corner  of  High  and  Free,  the  Storer  lioi;s3 
corner  of  High  and  Danforth,  now  occupied  by  Mr.  IMussey, 
■the  Ingraham  house  on  State  Street,  owned  and  occupied 
by  Mr.  Cluirchill,  the  houses  of  Isaac  Ilsley,  Messrs.  Weeks 
and  Tucker,  and  of  Robert  Boyd,  now  owned  by  Mr.  Shaw. 
All  these  were  expensive,  and  the  best  houses  in  the  State ; 
and  it  is  a  sad  reflection,  and  ought  to  be  a  salutaiy  one  to 
the  American  mind,  that  but  one  or  two  of  these  handsome 
establishments  remain  in  the  fiimiUes  of  the  persons  who 
built  them.  Our  mode  of  distributing  estates,  added  to  the 
disasters  of  embargo,  non-intercourse,  and  war,  which  swept 
over  our  fair  city,  carried  down  the  principal  merchants  and 
the  commercial  interests  of  the  place ;  and  for  ten  or  twelve 
years  its  growth  was  suspended ;  its  progress  after  that  was 
slow,  until  the  Railway  improvements  opened  a  new  era  upon 
its  fortunes  and  prospects.  Recent  new  buildings  now  not 
only  rival  the  past,  but  far  excel  them  in  architectural  style 
and  ornament.  It  is  only  necessaiy  to  point  to  those 
of  Jlr.  Hersey,  the  Springs,  the  Browns,  the  Libbys  .on  the 
corner  of  High  Street,  and  above  all  the  palatial  building, 
now  in  process  of  construction,  by  ]\Ir.  Morse,  ou'the  corner 
of  Park  ai^d  Danforth  Streets,  of  Connecticut  free  stone, 
and  at  an  expense  of  something  like  $100,000.  The  owner 
Avent  from  Portland  a  few  years  ago  to  seek  his  fortune,  and 
'  by  a  rapid  and  successful  career  in  New  Orleans,  is  enabled 
ti>  deposit  a  portion  of  his  earnings  in  one  of  the  most  beau- 
til'iil  and  costly  private  residences  in  the  State. 

AVe  have  thus  taken  a  I'apid  survey  over  this  interesting 
field,  covering  a  period  of  more  than  two  centuries  and  a 
quarter;  and  have  held  up  to  view  this  quiet,  charming 
city,  through  its  varied  and  diversified  history  to  its  present 


76  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

high  and  eligible  position.  For  beauty  of  situation,  f(jr  the 
interesting  character  of  its  surroundings,  for  the  variety  ant! 
convenience  of  its  drives,\vith  the  wide  ocean  in  full  view  ever 
spreading  out  its  interminable  and  constantly  moving  waters, 
the  spacious  bay,  and  safe  and  accessible  harbor,  crossed  au' I 
fretted  continually  by  steamers  and  the  prows  of  the  merchant 
marine,  and  the  magnificent  landscape  of  the  interior,  stretch- 
ing far  away  over  hill  and  valley,  over  village  and  forest,  till 
the  eye  rests  upon  the  everlasting  mountains,  lifting; 
their  lofty  summits  in  the  distance,  from  the  seashore  to  the 
north, — the  healthful  breezes  which  daily  breathe  over  this 
gem  of  a  city  set  in  the  margin  of  the  sea,  both  from  the 
mountains  and  the  ocean,  altogether  render  Portland  a  most 
desirable  place  for  the  recreation  of  visitors,  and  the  happi- 
ness of  its  permanent  residents,  all  of  whom,  wherever  over 
the  wide  world  they  roam,  look  back  to  it  with  the  fond- 
est affection,  as  the  Mecca  of  their  devotions  and  their 
rest. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY.  77 


--^^^^^ 


THE    G}-RI;:..\.i:    EA-STERIST. 

The  Great  Eastern  was  designed  by  Isambard  Kingdom  Brunei, 
Esq.,  F.  E.  S.,  who  died  of  paralysis  in  September,  1859,  just  after 
her  successful  trial  trip.  The  ship  and  paddle  engines  were  built 
by  Messrs.  Scott  Russell  &  Co.,  at  Millwall,  Poplar ;  and  the  screw 
engines  by  Messrs.  James  Watt  &  Co.,  Soho  Works,  Birmingham. 

Her  principal  dimensions,  capacity,  and  power  are  as  follows :  — 


Length  (rather  more  than  the  8th 

of  a  mile) 680  feet. 

Breadth 83  do. 

Depth  from  deck  to  keel 60  do. 

Length  of  principal  saU'OMs 400  do. 

Number  of  decks 4 

Tonnage 22,500  tons. 

'l"o  carry  coals  and  car§o 18,000  do. 

Draft  of  water  (laden) 30  feet. 

ditto  (light) 20  do. 

Number  of  cylinders  of  paddle 

engines 4 


Diameter  of  cylinders 74  inches. 

Length  of  stroke I4ft.6in. 

Nominal  power   of  paddle  en- 
gines  1000  hor«e3. 

ditto             screw  engines.. 1600    do. 
To  carry  800  1st  class  ) 
ditto    2000  2d  class  [    Total   4000  pas- 
ditto    1200  3d  class  )          sengers. 
ditto    troops  without  other  pas- 
sengers  10,000 

Weight  of  iron  used  in  constiuc- 

tion  about 7000  tons. 


One  peculiarity  of  this  ship  is  that  her  deck  is  flush,  except  for 
cabin  entrances  and  similar  purposes,  so  that  her  great  length  af- 
fords the  passengers  a  promenade  of  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
round  the  deck. 

With  regard  to  the  motive  power  the  wind  is  made  available,  and 
for  this  purpose  the  vessel  is  provided  with  six  masts.  The  center 
masts  are  the  principal,  these  are  crossed  by  yards,  as  in  a  line  of 
battle  ship,  the  other  masts  are  smaller  in  size.  She  spreads  6500 
square  yards  of  canvass. 

It  is,  however,  in  respect  to  its  steam  power  that  this  vessel  is 
most  distinguished,  combining  as  it  does  both  the  paddle  wheel  and 
the  screw.  The  engines  are  incomparably  larger  than  any  heretr- 
fore  made  for  marine  purposes ;  and  their  actual  power  will  be  far 
greater  than  their  nominal  power  already  stated.    So  great  is  this 


78  GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND  VICINITY. 

difference  that  when  •working  at  their  greatest  power,  it  will  not  U< 
less  than  eleven  thousand  five  hundred  horses.  They  are  placed  ii, 
different  parts  of  the  ship,  and  are  entirely  independent  of  each 
other.  The  vessel  has  ten  boilers,  and  five  funnels ;  and  each  boiler 
can  be  cut  off  from  its  neighbor,  and  used  or  not  as  desired.  The 
boilers  are  placed  longitudinally  along  the  center  of  the  ship ;  and 
it  will  give  some  idea  of  their  generative  power,  when  it  is  stated 
that  every  boiler  has  ten  furnaces,  thus  giving  to  the  whole  not  less 
than  one  hundred  furnaces.  The  fuel  used  is  anthracite  coal,  —  at 
the  rate  of  one  hundred  and  eighty  tons  in  twenty-four  hours. 

She  carries  eighteen  boats,  and  two  screw  steamers  one  hundred 
feet  long  and  ono  hundred  and  twenty  tons  burden,  swung  upon 
her  sides,  abaft  the  wheel  boxes. 

The  paddle  engines  are  direct  acting,  with  oscillating  cylinders, 
and  are  constructed  on  the  disconnecting  principle,  in  order  tliat 
they  may  be  used  jointly  or  separately,  so  that  both  or  either  of  the 
l)addle  wheels  can  be  put  in  independent  motion.  The  diameter  of 
the  paddle  wheels  is  sixty  feet. 

The  screw  propeller  is  twenty-four  feet  in  diameter;  it  is  placed 
at  the  stern  of  the  vessel,  and  worked  in  the  usual  manner.  I 

The  best  terms  to  describe  the  build  is  by  stating  that  there  is 
an  inner  and  outer  skin.  The  space  between  the  outer  and  inner 
skin  or  ship  is  two  feet  ten  inches.  These  skins  are  united  to  eadi 
other  by  longitudinal  webs  or  girders,  formed  of  plate  and  anglo 
iron.  Thus  the  outer  and  inner  ships  are  joined  together  by  meanf; 
of  a  great  number  of  water-tight  webs  or  cells,  of  extraordinary 
strength,  giving  the  vessel  a  rigidity  such  as  has  never  been  com- 
municated to  a  ship  before.  The  web  plates  are  of  half  inch  iron, 
and  the  outer  and  inner  skins  are  of  three  quarter  inch  iron.  Tho 
compartments  between  the  outer  and  inner  skins  will  hold  throo 
thousand  tons  of  water  ballast,  should  it  be  required.  The  floor  of 
the  ship  is  perfectly  flat,  the  koel  being  turned  inwards,  and  riv- 
eted to  the  inner  ship's  keel. 

The  ship  has  a  number  of  large  ports  on  the  lower  deck  to  re- 
ceive railway  wagons,  carriages  and  bulky  goods.     She  has  also 
sixty  ports  on  each  side,  two  feet  six  inches  square,  for  ventilation;  , 
and  an  abundance  of  dead  lights.    The  lower  ports  are  ten  feet  above  ; 
the  water  when  the  ship  is  loaded. 

The  cabins  are  on  the  decks  above  the  boilers,  and  form  large  and 
spacious  saloons.  The  captain  and  officers'  berths  are  placed  on  the 
upper  deck.    TVbole  number  of  crew,  about  four  hundred. 


GUIDE  BOOK  FOR  PORTLAND  AND^VICINITY. 


I 


brown's  sugar  house,  PORTLAND.      [pAGE  47.] 

GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

The  attention  of  the  reader  is  directed  to  the  follow- 
ing advertisements.  They  comprise  the  principal  busi- 
ness houses  of  the  city,  and  are  all  establishments  of 
character  and  reputation.  The  tourist  will  find  in  the 
various  hotels  and  pleasure  resorts  advertised,  good 
tables  and  comfortable  homes ;  while  the  cards  of  the 
dijSerent  railroad  and  steamboat  companies  will  give  all 
necessary  information  respecting  the  great  routes  to 
and  from  the  city. 


CARD. 
Those  who  wish  to  obtain  all  tho  comforts  of  a  First  Class  Hotel, 
with  the  quiet  of  a  private  home,  will  find  these  combined  at  the 
house  of  Mrs.  A.  H.  Blanchard,  No.  47  Danforth  Street,  corner  of 
Park  Street. 
_  Situated  in  the  most  delightful  part  of  the  city,  and  in  the  imme- 
)  diate  vicinity  of  our  most  elegant  and  expensive  private  residences  ; 
surrounded  by   stately  trees  and  a  fine  garden ;  having  neat,  airy, 
and  commodious  rooms  ;  with  a  good  table;  it  presents  peculiar  at- 
tractions for  those  who  wish  to  remain  a  day,  or  who  may  extend 
their  visits  to  weeks. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


NO.  68    EXCHANGE  ST.,  PORTLAND, 

IS  THE  LARGEST  IN  THE  STATE, 

And  of  course  is  best  arranged  and  fitted  to  execute  every  description  of 
binding  from  the  ricTiest  and  most  elaborately  finished,  to  the  more  plain 
istylcs  for  common  use. 

Mnsic,    ^Magazines, 

Qlustratcd  Works,  such  as  Shakspeare,  Byron,  Bibles,  History  of 
the  United  States,  &c.,  &c. — any  book  that  needs  binding- 
can  be  bound  at  this  establishment  in  whatever  style  the 
owner  may  desire. 


Having  superior  facilities,  and  experienced  workmen— I  am  enabled 
always  to  give  the  latest  fa&hions  in  binding. 

At  the  Mechanics'  Fair  holden  at  Portland,  Sept.  1854,  the  first  premium 
was  awarded  to  F.  "W.  BAILEY,  for  best  specimens  of  Book-bindixg.  Again 
the  Maine  State  Fair,  holden  at  Portland,  October,  1856,  awarded  the  first 
;premium. 


R  W.  BAILEY, 

NO.  68  EXCHANGE  STREET,  PORTLAND,  ME. 


^2  GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


B.    THIXJE/STOlSr 


AND  rKOPRIETOR  OF  THE 

COMMERCIAL   NEWS   ROOM, 

IT-OX    JBLOCIi, 
79  MIDDLE   AND    82    EXCHANGE   STREETS, 

jp®m^iriLA]KiiD.  PUIS. 

The  subscriber  has  the 

HOST  EXTENSIVE  FEINTING  ISTABIISHMENT  IN  MAINE. 

It  is  thorouglily  furnished  with  materials  for  every  description 
of  printing. 

are  added  as  they  appear,  from  the  best  foundries  in 

Oiders  for  any  kind  of  printing  executed  promptly  and  fnith' 
fuUv.  B.  THURSTON. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


SPRING    ARRANGEMENTS. 


On  and  after  Monday,  April  11th,  1859,  Trains  will  run  as  follows  : 
yjuve  Saco  lliver  for  Portland  at  6.25  and  9.30  A.  M.,  and  3.35  P.  M. 
Leave  Portland  fur  Saco  River  at  8.00  A.  M.,  and  2.00  and  6.20  P.  M. 
The  2.00  P.  M.  train  out,  and  the  9.30  A.  M.  train  in,  wU  be  Freight  Trains, 
til  Passenger  Cars  attached. 

Stages  connected  at  Saccarappa  daily  for  South  "Windham,  Windhani 
jnter  and  Great  Falls. 

At  Gorham,  for  West  Gorham,  Standisli,  Steep  Falls,  Baldwin,  Hirara, 
niington,  Brownfield,  Fryeburg,  Conway,  Denmark,  Lovell,  Bridgton, 
:.,   .vie. 

At  Bnxton  Center,  for  West  Buxton,  Bonny-Eagle,  South  Limington, 
niington,  &c.,  &c. 

At  Saco  River,  tri-weekly,  for  IloUis,  Limerick,  Ossipee,  Newfield,  Par- 
nsfield,  EflBngham,  Freedom,  Madison,  Eaton,  Limington,  Cornish,  Por- 
A:c.,  &c. 

J.  P.  RICH,  Superintendent. 


PORTLAND,  SADO  &  PORTSMOUTH 


priiig  Arrangements.      Commencing  April  4,  1859. 


'assenger  trains  will  leave  the  Station,  Canal  Street,  daily  (Sundays  ex- 
■;)tL'd)  as  follows : 

■ave  Portland  for  Boston  at  8.45  A.  M.,  and  3.00  P.  M. 
Leave  Boston  tor  Portland  at  7.30  A.  M.,  and  3.00  P.  M. 
Leave  Portsmouth  for  Portland  at  10.00  A.  M.,  and  5.30  P.  M. 

Mondays,   Wednesdays,  and  Fridays 

i  Steamboat   Train  leaves  Portland   for  Boston  at  5  o'clock  P.  M.,  (or 

arrival  of  the  Boat  from  Bangor). 

jcaves  Boston  same  days  at  5  o'clock  P.  M. 

?fg"-These  trains  will  take  and  leave  passengers  at  way  stations. 

'leight  trains  leave  Portland  and  Boston  daily. 

JOHN  RUSSELL,  Jr..,  Superintendent. 


84  GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

<JRANB  TRUNK  RAILWAY. 


PORTLAND  DISTRICT. 


SUMMER    ARRANGEMENTS 


On  and  after  Monday,  June  20,  1859,  Trains  M'ill   run  daily,  (Sundaj 
excepted),  as  follows: 

Leave  Portland  for  Island  Pond,  Montreal,  and  Quebec,  at  7.15  A.  M. 

Leave  Portland  for  It^land  Pond,  at  3.15  P.  M. 

Leave  Portland  for  South  Paris,  at  5.05  P.  M. 

Leave  Isliitid  Pond  for  Portland,  at  7.30  A.  M.,  and  1.30  P.  M. 

Leave  South  Paris  for  Portland,  at  G.IO  A.  M*i 

Trains  leave  Montreal  for  Toronto  and  all  points  West,  at  7.00  A.  M.,  and 
7.30  P.  M, 

Tlie  Company  are  not  responsible  for  baggage  to  any  amount  exceeding,' 
$50  in  value,  and  that  personal,  unless  notice  is  given  and  paid  for  at  tho 
rate  of  oue  passenger  lor  every  $500  additional  value. 

GEORGE  KEITH,  General  Jlanager. 
S.  T.  CORSER,  Superintendent. 


ANDROSCOGGIN  AND  KENNEBEC 
PENOBSCOT  AND  KENNEBEC 


The  only  tlirousit   route   between   Bangor  an<I  Port* 
land,  Broad  Cinuge,  nuti  no  change  of  Cars* 


Cars  leave  depot  of  Grand  Trunk  Railroad,  in  Portland,  daily,  (Sundays 
excepted),  for  Bangor,  Etna.  Newport,  Pittstield.  Buruham,  Clinton,  Ken- 
dall's Mills,  ■Waterville.  AVest  Waterville,  Nortli  Belgrade,  Belgrade,  Read- 
tield,  AVinthrop,  Mtannouth,  Leeds,  Green,  Lewiston,  and  Auburn,  on 
arrival  of  mid-day  train  from  Boston. 

At  Waterville,  Stages  connect  daily  for  Norriilgewock. 

At  KendiiHs  Mills,  connects  daily  with  Trains  for  Skowhcgan. 

At  Pittsfteld,  Stages  connect  daily  for  St,  Aliians  and  llartland, 

At  Newport,  Stages  run  daily  to  and  from  Moosehead  Lake. 

Tickets  sold  at  depot  of  Grand  Tii-.'.ik  Uailroad  in  rortland. 

EDWIN  NUYES,  SuperintendLUt. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS.   '  85 


SUMMER  ABRAM6EMENTS. 


Tho  splendid  and  fast  Steamer 

[CHESAPEAKE, 

Capt.  SiT)NEy  Crowell,  will  run  regularly  between  New  York  and  Port- 
ftnd,  as  follows : 

Leave  Brown's  Wharf,  Portland,  every  SATURDAY,  at  5  o'clock  P.  M., 
vnd  returning  leave  New  York,  Pier  12  N.  R.,  every  TUESDAY,  at  4  P.  M. 

This  vessel  has  just  been  fitted  up  with  fine  accommodations  for  passen- 
:;ers,  ftiaking  this  tho  most  speedy,  safe,  and  comfortable  route  for  travelers 
between  New  York  and  Maine. 

Passage  $5  00,  including  fare  and  State  Rooms. 

J^Jr-Gooda  forwarded  by  this  line  to  and  from  Montreal,  Quebec,  Bangor, 
Bath.  Augusta,  Eastport,  and  St.  John.  Also  connects  A\'ith  Steamers  for 
Baltimore.    Goods  taken  through  with  dispatch,  at  the  cheapest  rates. 

Shippers  are  requested  to  send  their  freight  to  the  Boat  before  4.30  P.  M., 
on  the  day  that  she  leaves  Portland. 

For  freight  or  passage  apply  to 

EMERY  &  FOX,  Brown's  Wharf,  Portland. 

H.  B.  CROMWELL,  &  CO.,  Pier  12  N.  R.,  New  York.^ 


EOa  THE  KEiyyEEEG. 

Tho  fine  Steamer. 

Capt.  Charles  H.  Beck,  will  leave  Atlantic  wharf  for  Augusta ,  every 
Tuesday,  Thursday,  and  Saturday  morning,  at  7  o'clock,  touching  at  B  ath, 
Richmond,  Ganliner,  and  Ilallowell. 

Returning  from  the  above  places  every  Mondaj^,  Wednesday,  and 
Friday  mornings. 

Fare  to  Gardiner,  Ilallowell,  and  Augusta , $1.00 

"    "    Richmond '75 

"    "    Bath 50 

FREIGHT  taken  at  low  rates. 

.e@=All  Freight  must  be  accompanied  by  Bills  of  Lading  in  duplicate. 
.©SrShippers  will  please  send  their  Freight  to  the  boat  on  the  afternoons 
of  Monday,  Wednesday ,  and  Friday. 

4®"A11  persons  are  forbid  trusting  any  one  on  account  of  Steamer  T,  F. 
Secor,  unless  by  order  of  tho  Captain  or  Agent. 

This  route  will  be  found  advantageous  to  the  business  community  as  a 
ppeedy  and  cheap  conveyance  of  FREIGHT,  also  to  the  TRAVELING 
PUBLIC  as  one  of  accommodation,  pleasure,  and  economy. 

CYRUS  STURDIVANT,  Agent, 
73  Commercial  Street,  Portland. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


fflDraMliCMiSTElSHIPCiPiY.f 


Thla  line  runs  from  LIVERPOOL,    in  connection  with  the  GRAltB'w; 
TRUNK  HAIL  WAY  OF  CANADA,  and  is  composed  of  the  foUomng  fi^B 
class,  powerful  screw  steamers,  viz : — ^  jBj^j 

HUNGARIAN,  NORTH  BRITON, 

INDIAN,  NORTH  AMERICAN, 

NOVA  SCOTIAN,  BOHEMLiN,  (new), 

ANGLO  SAXON,  CANADIAN,  (new). 

Carrying  tho  Canadian  and  United  States  Maila* 

From  May  to  November,  they  will  run  to  and  from  LiveltoolL 
weekly,  leaving;  Quebec  for  Liverpool  every  Saturday,  and  Liverpool  UMi 
Quebec  every  Wednesday. 

From  November  to  May  they  will  run  between  Portland  and  Liverpoo;!  I 
every  fortnight,  leaving  Portland  for  Liverpool  alternate  Saturdays,  aouj 
Liverpool  for  Portland  alternate  Wednesdays. 

The  Summer  route  via  Quebec  seldom  exceeds  ten  days,  four  of  whic 
are  spent  amidst  the  fine  scenery  of  the  St.  Lawrence ;  tho  other  six  occi 
pied  at  sea,  being  the  shortest  actual  sea  voyage  across  tho  Atlantic  Ocean  • 

»Tho  winter  route  to  Portland  is  shorter  than  to  any  other  Ocean  Steai  i 
Packet  terminus,  in  the  United  States. 

Particular  attention  is  paid  to  the  quick  delivery  of  goods    shipped  b- 
this  line  to  tho  Railroads  and  Steamers  in  connection.    Tho  rails  runnin 
to  the  wharf,  alongside  of  the  Steamer,  and  the  facilities  being  unsurpasse 
shippers  can  rely  upon  prompt  attention  to  the  dispatch  of  goods  froi  . 
Portland  or  Quebec,  to  all  parts  of  Canada,  Lower  British  Provinces,  an  ' 
the  United  States. 

RA.TES    OF    P^SS^GhJE3. 

From  Portland  to  Liverpool,  via  Quebec,  including  RaiJ  road  tick 
Cabin  $71  to  $85,  according  to  accommodations;  third  class  $30. 

From  Portland  to  Liverpool,  in  winter,  Cabin  $66  to^  $80,  according  , 
accommodations.  Children  in  proportion ;  Third  Class,  $30. 

The  foregoing  fares  include  provision,  but  not  wines.  Twenty  cul 
feet  of  baggage  allowed  to  each  first  class  passenger.  All  baggage  at  t 
risk  of  the  owner. 

A  qualified  Surgeon  accompanies  each  Steamer. 

For  further  particulars  apply  to 


EDMONSTON'E,  ALLAN  &  CO.,  Montreal, 

tlicir  offic:'  at  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  Station,  Portland,  Me.,  or  t 
JAMES  L.  FARMER,  No.  lo  Exeliange  Street,  Portland. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS.  87 


><3RTLAND  &  BOSTON  LIN3B. 


The  splendid  new  sea-going  Steamers 

FOREST  CITY,  LEWISTON,  and  MONTR EAX, 

Will  until  further  notice,  run  as  follows  : 

I,eavo  Atlantic  "Wharf,  Portland,  every  Monday,  Tuesday,  Wednesday, 
Thursday  and  Friday,  at  7  o'clock,  P.  M.  and  Central  Wharf,  Boston,  every 
•londay,  Tuesday,  Wednesday,  Thursday  and  Friday,  at  7  o'clock,  P.  M. 

Fare,  in  Cabin, $1,25. 

"      onDeck, 1,00. 

N.  B.  Each  boat  is  furnished  with  a  large  number  of  state-rooms,  for 
he  accommodation  of  ladies  and  families;  and  travelers  are  reminded  that 
.y  taking  this  line,  much  saving  of  time  and  expense  will  be  made,  and 
hat  the  inconvenience  of  arriving  in  Boston  at  late  hours  of  the  night 
vill  be  avoided. 

The  boats  arrive  in  season  for  passengers  to  take  the  earliest  trains  out 
of  tlie  city. 
The  company  are  not  responsible  for  baggage  to  an  amount  exceeding 
)0  in  value,  and  that  personal,  unless  notice  is  given  and  paid  for  at   the 
rate  of  one  passenger  for  every  $500  additional  value. 
jge^Fi-eight  taken  as  usual. 

L.  BILLINGS,  Agent. 


NO.    4:9    MIDDLE    STREET, 
OPPOSITE  THE  SECOND  PARISH  CHURCH, 


This  House  is  centrally  situated  in  an 

AIRY  AND  PLEASANT  LOCATION. 

The  accommodations  are  excellent  the  table  will  be  supplied  wth  the  best 
the  market  affords,  and  every  attention  will  be  paid  to  make  the  tarry  of 
travellers  pleasant.  The  House  being  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  busi- 
ness places,  the  attention  of  business  men  is  invited. 

Coaches  will  be  at  the  Depots  and  Steamboats,  to  convey  passengers  to 
the  house. 

GEO.  S.  HAY,  Proprietor. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


This  Hotel  is  most  eligibly  and  pleasantly  situated  in  the 
VERY    HEART  AXD   CEXTER    OF   THE  CITY, 


within  ten  minute's  walk  of  the  various  Eailroad  Stations  and  the  wha 
of  the  "  Great  Eastern/' 

TO    THE     MAN     OP     BUSINESS, 

it  affords  superior  advantages,  and  the 

will  find  its  conveniences  on  no  limited  f<onl.>. 

Every  luxury  the  market  affords  will  h,^  ]irovided.  and  the  proprietor 
are  determined  te  spare  no  exertions  to  make  their  House  in  every  rospec 
equal  tj  the  wants  vf  its  patrons. 


GUIDE  ADYERTISEMENTS. 


Souili  Side  Peak's  Island, .Portland  Harbor,  Maine 

HEXRY  M.  BRACKETT,  Proprietor.  . 

Open  for  genteel  boarders — three  miles  from  Portland,  within  thirty  rods 
of  the  Ocean,  presenting  a  full  view  of  it,  with  vessels  passing  and  repass- 
ing. Everj'  facilitj'  offered  for  Fishing,  Sea-Bathisg,  axd  VVater-Excur- 
sii  ixs.  Experienced  boatmen  in  attendance.  Two  Steamers  run  from  Port- 
I  land  daily, 

WILLIAM  A.  PEARCE, 

IfffliFFffiPlFSillfmiCySETS, 

No.  124  Excliarjge  Street,  Portland,  Me. 

Warm,  Cold,  and  Shower  Baths,  "Wash  Bowls,  Brass,  and  Silver  Plated 
;  Cocks. 

JtiJr-  Every  description  of  Water  FiXTriiE  for  Dwelling  Houses,  Hotels, 
and  Public  Buildings,  Ships,  etc.,  arranged  and  set  up  in  the  best  manner, 
and  all  orders  in  town  or  country  faithfully  executed.  All  kinds  of  job- 
bing promptly  attended  to. 

•STEAMBOAT    NOTKE. 


The  fiivorito  and  staunch-built 

STE^A^HS^EI?,    C-A.SOO 

Lrrivps  her  dock,  at  Burnham's  Wharf,  foot  of   Deer  Street,  Daily,  for 
I;AK"S  island,  at  9  and  10  i^  A.  M.  and  2  P.  M. 
lloturning,  leaves  Peak's  Island  at  9%  and  llj^  A.  M.,  and  b%  P.  M. 
Fare,  down  and  back,  25  cents. 


The  New  and  Staunch 

STE.A.3VEEI^     O-IFSE"^, 

Cnpt.  W.  F.  OxxARD,  runs  regularly  during  the  Summer  months,  be- 
tween Portland  and  Peak's  Island  three  times  a  day. 
Fsire  tlo^vn  and  back   25  cents. 

This  Steamer  has  carried  with  ease  and  safety  eight  hundred  passengers ; 
Large  and  Small  Pic-Nics,  and  private  parties' taken  to  any  of  the  Islands 
at  reasonable  rates,  by  applying  to  the  Capt.  on  board. 

8 


GUIDE  ABVERTTSEMENTS. 


PEAK'S  ISLAl  lIOUSEl 


CASCO  BAY,  PORTLAND,  MAINE. 


THIS  HOUSE  is  pleasantly  located  or  the  South  side  of  PEAK'l 
ISLAND,  having  a  fine  view  of  the  Ocean,  and  every  fecility  for 

FISHING   AND  BATHING.  i 

Those  seeking  the  sea-sido  for  health  or  pleasure,  will  find  this  a  very  da 
sirable  situation.  \ 

Boats.  Fishing  Tackle,  and  competent  Boatmen  in  attendance. 
The  new  and  splendid  steamer  GIPSEY  plies  hetween  this  Island  and  th^ 

SETH  n.  BRACKETT,  Proprietor. 


city,  three  times  a  day. 


Opposite  the  Post  Office,    -    -    -    -    Portland,  Maine. 


THE   subscriber   having   taken    the  commodioua  premises  in   LTMI 
STREET,  opposite  the  Post  Office,  and  fitted  the  same  as  a  Hotel,  oflferd 
tlie  public  good  accommodations  on  reasonable  terms. 

Everything  has  been  put  in  excellent  order,  and  the  Fnrnp^nro  is  cliieflj 
now.    The  tables  will  be  supplied  with  the  best  the  market  affords. 

The  attention  of  business  men  and  others  is  respectfully  invited  to  thfl 
above  House,  it  being  one  of  the  most  centrally  situated  in  the  city,  and  " 
the  immediate  vicinity  of  all  places  of  business,  &c. 

Coaches  will  bo  at  the  several  Depots  on  the  arrival  of  the  trains;  also 
Uic  Steamboats,— to  convoy  passengers  to  the  House. 

A  sliare  of  patronage  is  respectfully  solicited. 

E.  CRAM. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


91 


COIIEEIE  HO 


OPPOSITE    OLD    CUSTOM    HOUSE, 


Thig  house  is  conveniently  located  for  the 

BUSINESS  MAN  AND  OTHERS, 

and  the  subscriber  having  had  a 

LONG  EXPERIENCE  IN  THE  BUSINESS, 

he  hopes  by  strict  attention  to  the  wants  of  Ms  guests,  and  moderate  fareSj. 
to  receive,  as  he  has  heretofore,  a  liberal  share  of  the  public  patronage. 

N.    J.    DAVIS. 


%> 


»C 


CORNEa  FORE  AND  LIME  STREETS, 


PROPRIETOR. 


This  house  is  centrally  situated,  in  the  Siisiness   part    of  the 

City,  and  near  the  several  Railroad  Depots  and  Steamboat  Landings. 
The  house  has  recently  been 

THOROUGHLY    REPAIRED, 

and  refitted  with  new  furniture,  beds,  bedding,  &c.  The  tables  will  h& 
furnished  with  the  best  the  market  affords,  and  every|attention  will  be  paid 
to  make  the  stay  of  guests  agreeable. 


92 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


Tlic  Proprietor  of  this  well  known  Hotel  hec;3  leave  to  inform  his  patron? 
and  the  i)ublic  generally,  that  he  hns  during  the  last  Spring  greatly 
increased  its  accommodations  and  comforts,  bj-  extensive  additions  of  New 
Ajtartmeuts  and  Saloons,  a  thorough  renovation  and  refitting  of  those  pre- 
viously existing  and  a  general  internal  and  external  embellishment  which 
at  once  stamp  it  as  a  siiperior  first  class  Hotel. 

Its  central,  elevated  and  accessible  location,  at  the  confluence  of  Congress, 
Ehn,  Federal  and  Middle  Streets,  commends  it  to  those  in  search  of  health- 
ful recreation,  those  who  visit  the  City  on  business,  and  those  en  route  for 
the  AVhite  Mcmntains.  Montreal  or  other  places  in  the  East  and  Canadas. 

Tlio  table  will  contain  all  that  the  Market  afTonls,  and  every  department 
of  the  house  will  be  conducted  in  a  manner  to  meet  the  approval  of  all. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


93 


Junction  of  Free  and  Middle  Streets,  Portland. 


H.  H.  HA^Y  &   CO., 

DEALEES   IN 

fine  (lieuiicals,  Perfiiiuei'v,  Surg-ical  ami  lental  Iiistriiiiients, 

STANDARD  FAxHILY  MEDICINES, 

Drugs.  Paints,  Bye-StitfTs,  Kerosene  Oils,  Eu^ning"  Tluid,  &c 


94  GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


hAMYm  SOUSE, 


•J) 
Prout's  Beach,    ------    Scarboro',  Me, 

This  II0US6  is  now  open  for  Boarders  and  transievt  visitors.  It  is  situa- 
ted within  eight  and  a  half  miles  of  the  city  of  I'ortland,  and  two  and  t 
hiilf  miles  from  the  railway  station,  where  will  be  found  a  carriage  to  con 
vey  passengers  to  and  from  the  house.  It  is  located  ui)on  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  beaches  in  New  England,  presenting  a  smouth,  clean  surface  of 
white  sand  three  miles  in  lengtli.  by  twenty  rods  in  breadth,  thus  giving 
facilities  for  Salt  water  bathing,  riding,  fishing,  SfC  ,  unsurpassed. 

The  house  being  situated  directly  upon  the  ocean,  the  view  there  from  i; 
unrivaled, — steamers  and  sailing  vessels  to  and  from  Portland  passing  di 
rectly  in  sight.  In  tlie  rear  of  the  house  is  a  lar^rc  and  beautiful  grove,  in 
which  are  erected  Swings,  Bowling  Alleys,  ^c„  fur  the  use  of  ilie  parr.aisof 
tlie  house.  This  place  is  considered  by  all  who  liave  visited  it,  to  bi- 
not  only  one  of  the7)'ea*antes«,  but  one  of  the  viost  healthy  to  be  found 
upon  the  whole  coast.  Persons  wishiTig  can  take  the  cars  at  the  I'ort- 
lanil.  Saco  and  rortsniouth  Depot,  and  get  out  at  the  station  Oak  Uill,  whero 
Avill  be  found  conveyances  directly  to  the  house. 

P.  S.    All  communications  to  bo  addressed  to 

E.    GUNNISON,  Oak  Hill,  Me. 


JOSEPHUS  NASH, 

MANUFACTUKKR   OF 

SHIP'S  €03PPEE    PUMPS, 

SHIP    PLUMBER, 

Dealer  i:i  Furnaces,  Parlor,  Cookiiig^,  Ship  and  Air- 
Tight  Stoves,  Cabooses,  Ranges,  &c. 
HOUSE    AND    SHIP    FURNISHING    STORE, 
NO.  V7^  PORE  STREET,     -  -    -    -     PORTLAND. 

^4W^E:i«^  m&.w^m  ^MmwB^. 

The  MASTIC     ROOFING  is  adapted    to  RoofH    of  cre^yj 
description,  either  steep  or  Hat. 

The  undersigned  is  now  ready  to  do  Roofing  at  short  notice,  and  wit 
dispatch. 

Office  anil  Factory  at  the  foot  of  Brnttle  Street. 
Ordi'rs  can  also  be  received,  and   sani-.Ies   seen,   at   T.  .S.  FILES'  SIIOI 
STuni'J,  Nu.  VI  Market  .^fqiiare. 

D.  M.  WALKER 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


95 


liEFlT  WlEIMlSi^ 


POOH  &  JOSE, 

85  &  87  Middle  Street, 

UP    STAIRS, 

^PORTERS,     MANUFACTURERS, 

AXD 

WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL  DEALERS  IN 

[TRESSES  m  UPllCLSTERl'  GOeS,  fUETAIS  MATEEIA'IS. 

EDW.  H.  BURGIM, 

ealer 

FEATHERS,   MATTRESSES, 


Importer,  TTliolesale  and  Retail  Dealer  in 


URTAIH     fflATEHIALS, 

OF  >ax.x.   )«vX.\^)os, 
Chambers  1  &  2  Ereo  Street  Block, 

Orer  II.  J.  LIBEEY  &  Co's. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


JAMES  E.  FERNALO, 

lEMYy-iME  SUTlii, 


-AXD- 


FURNISHIN<J  <J0{3BS, 

87  Middle  Street,  -  -  -  Portland,  Me 


M.  J.  NICHOLS, 

Nos.  1  &  2  U.  S.  Hotel  Building, 

PORTLAND. 

DEALER  IN 

BONNETS,  RIBBONS,  MILLINERY. 

GLOVES,  MITTS,  HOSIERY,  &c. 

Mouviiing  arlicles  couatautly  on  liiind,  uud  inudu  to  order  at  sliorfc 
notice. 

\ 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


<^ 


H.    PACKARD, 

wlsillw  awl  Jtiiiwiifiv 

61  EXCHANGE  STREET,  PORTLAND. 

jfcjwsitary  of  Bible  and  Tract  Societies;  Sabbath  School  Libra- 
ries, Question  Books,  &c.;  and  the  Publications  of  R.  Carter  & 
Bros.;    Theological,  Miscellaneous,   and   School   Books, 
always  on  hand. 


)ard  by  the  day  or  week  for  permanent  boarders,  or  first  class 
transient  travelers,  with  all  the  comforts  and  conveniencies  of  a 
I^IKST     CXi^SS    HOTEL, 
can  be  obtained  by  applying  to 

Mrs.  A.  H.  BL^NCHARD, 

No.  47  Dauforth,  corner  of  Park  Street. 


la 


CAHOON'S  PATENT  BROADCAST  SEED  SOWEK, 

FOR   SOWING 

^THEAT,  OATS,  HEMP,  BARLEY,  RYE,  BUCKWHEAT,  GRASS-SEED, 

&c.,  &c. 

'atentod  Sept.  1st,  1857.    Re-issued  May  11th,  1S5S.    Patented  in   Exiropc 
This  Machine  has  taken  the  first  premiums  at  all  the  principal  Agricul- 
ural  Fairs  in  the  Country. 
The  cheapest  and  best  agricultural  implement  in  the  world. 
Horse  power  machine  sows  from  10  to  15  acres  per  hour.    Hand  machine 
sows  from  4  to  8  acres  per  hour. 

CHARLES  W.  CAHOOX,  Correspondina;  Agent. 
D.  II.  FURBISH,  Proprietor. 

Office,  York  Street,  Opposite  Portland  Sugar  House,  Portland,  Me. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


J.  B.  BEOWN  &  SONS, 

IMlanaging    -A-gents    of 


i 


111 


nVtarLTjLfacture 


AXD 


//£y1l^/  BOOIED  SYRUPS, 

Manufactory  Commercial,  Maple  and  York  Stree .! 
and  Brown's  Wharf. 

Offices^— Corner  of  York  and  Dauforth  Streets. 

J.  B.  Brown,  Philip  Henry  Brown,  James  Olcott  Brc 


SANBOEN  &  CAETEE, 

55    EXCHANGE    STREET, 


Dealers  in  books  iu  every  department  of  literature,  flisto  - 
Biography,    Fiction,    Poetry,    Medicine,    Theolo   ^ 
Free  Masonry,  and  the  Higher  Educational  and  Cc  .) 
mon  School  Books,  and  Juveniles. 

Foreign  and  Domestic  Stationery,  American,  Eng 
and  French  Writing  Taper  and  Envelopes,  and  all  articles  of 
tionery  for  Counting  Koom,  Ollice,  and  Home  use,  in  gx'eat  vari 

Initial  Letter  Paper  and  Envelopes   sold  the  sam  ' 
unstamped. 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


KEROSENE  OIL, 

MANUFACTUEED  UNDER  THE 

YOUNG  AND  ATWOGD  PATENTS. 

KOT  EXiptOStVB, 

THE  MOST  AGREEABLE, 
THE    MOST    E€0N<3MI€AL 

LIGHTING  MATERIAL 

EATER    PRODXJOED, 

MANUFACTURED  BY  THE 

PORTLAND  KEROSENE  OIL  COMP'l 


Office  194  Fore  Street, 

STorks  at  Cape  Elizabeth. 


loo  GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

SAMUEL  ADLAM,  JR., 

Dealer  in  every  description  of 
PARLOR,  CHAMBER  AND  COMMON 


China.  Crockery,  and  Glass  Ware ;  Table  Cntlery 
Britannia  and  Plated  Ware, 

And  a  General  assortment  of  House  FuraishinK  Goods 


Tlioso  commencino;  Housekeeping  can  obtain  at  thisestahlishracnt  a  com 
jik'te  outfit  of  Kich,  MtMlium,  or  Low  Priced  Goods,  suited  to  their  di1f.'r( 
wants,  without  the  trouble  and  loss  of  time  usually  attending  a   select  i 
of  this  kind;  and  the  subscriber  is  confident  that,  coiu))inint;asbe  does  th 
various  depai'tments  of  the  House  Furnishing  Business,  he  can  ofler  good 
at  prices  that  cannot  fail  to  prove  satisfactory  on  examination. 

Chambers  133  and  140  Middle  St.,  Portland. 

4£5^Strangers  visiting  the  city  are  invited  to  call  and  cxamiuo  our  stocfe 


III  FiSlllI  Film  EMPiSIii. 

From  which  Furniture  is  sent  to  all  parts  of  the  State,  and   to  a  large *x 
tent  to  other  States,  is  the  long  established  and  well  known 

OF 

NOS.  52,  51,  AND  56  EXCHANGE  ST., 

Wliere  may  bo  found  an  extensive  assortment  of  Elegant  and  Plain 
Fiu-uiture,  of  the  most  desirable  styles,  comprising  Kich  and  Medium 
I'riced  Drawing  Ivoom,  Parlor,  and  Chamber  Furniture,  of  every  descrip- 
tion. Feather  Beds  and  Mattresses  of  all  kinds,  Common  Furj>iture,  ChairH,- 
Looking  Glasses,  &c.  He  would  particularly  invito  the  attention  of  pur-: 
chasers  to  the  above,  a-s  being 

THE    LARGEST    AXD    BEST    STOCK 

to  be  found  in  New  Kngl-md.     His  facilities  for  manufacturing  are  unsur-' 
passed  by  any  other  estublibhment,  and  the  (iuulity  of  his  Goods  excelled 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS.  101 


DR.  A.  K.  NEWTON, 

DEISTTIST, 
Office  173  Middle  Street,     -     -     -    -     Portland,  Me. 

Performs  all  Sukgical  and  Mechanical  Dental  Operations,  in  the  most 
-improved,  scientific,  and  skillful  manner  possible.  Teeth  extracted  by  the 
laid  ol  Magnetism  and  Galvanism  without  pain,  in  most  cases,  and 
alli'viates  all;  successfully  used  only  by  him  in  this  city. 

Dr.  N.  having  practiced  in  this  city  for  several  years,  with  success,  would 
be  pleased  to  give  the  best  of  references  to  those  that  are  unacquamted,  by 
calling  at  his  office.    Terms  reasonable,  and  satisfactory  also. 

E.  K.  INGRAHAM  &  CO., 

JOBBERS   AND   KETAILER3    IX 

iiiiif  lii  fiifif  liiisitf 

laces,  Inikoiderie^,  (Jlovcs,  Hosiery,  Watcli  Spring  Skirls, 

Strangers  visiting  the  city  are  invited  to  give  us  a  call. 

No.  1G6  Middle  Street     ----.--     Portland. 

E.   K.   INGRAHAM,  W.   H.   INGRAHAM. 

STEELE   &  HA. YES, 

Importers,  Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

CROCKERY  AND   GLASS   WARE, 

NO.  110  MIDDLE  STREET, 

Also,  Silver  Plated  Castors,  Forks,  Spoons,  and  Tea  Sets,  Ivory 
Cutlery,  Tea  Trays,  &c. 

J.  L.  HOWARD  &  CO., 

No.  35  Exchange  Street,     ------     Portland. 

DEALERS    IN 

COOKING  STOVES,  for  either  Wood  or  Coal,  and  every  article  usually 
found  in  a  Stove  store. 
.TOULINO  done  to  order. 
Strangers  viyiting  the  city  ar>^  invited  to  call. 

y 


102 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


HARMONIUMS  AND  MELODEONS 


HARMONIUM. 

J.  1).  CHENEY, 

135  1-2  MIDDLE  STREET, 

Would  respectfully  call  the  attention  of  Jlusic  Committees  to  li 
iS'I'^W  lIARMONlUM,  which  is  pronounced  by  Orfrani^ts  ai: 
Musical  men  to  be  the  best  thing  of  the  age.  It 'lias  two  banks  « 
keys,  of  5  octaves  each,  4  full  sets  of  reeds,  one  octave  in  peda 
anil  ten  stops  or  registers,  and  including  all  the  varieties  of  th 
31.000  pipe  Organ  ;  it  also  has  two  c()U])lers,  one  that  connec 
botli  key  boanls,  the  other  connects  pedals  and  keys;  the  regul: 
organ  swell  is  attached  to  this  instrument,  by  which  the  cd'ects  ( 
crescendo  and  diminuendo  can  be  rendered  at  the  performer's  wil 
The  case  is  made  of  the  best  solid  black  walnut,  and  finished  wit 
Oil.     Trice  $1350. 

Also  Melodcons  in  every  variety,  v.liich  he  will  warrant  equal  t 
any  made  in  the  cuuutry,  and  at  price-  varyinL;  fr  m  $50  to  $'M( 


GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


103 


Ij^Ms. 


J.  p.  CHAMBERLAIN,  Proprietor. 


fhis  pleaR<aiit  and  popular  Watering  Place  is  open  during  the  traveling 

'.TOU,  except  on  the  Sabbath,  to  visitors. 

'he  well  known  location  of  this  House,  on  the  Southern  verge  of  CAt»E 

[ZABETII,  with  excellent  fishing,  and  a  fulLview  of  the  Ocean,  as  far  as 

eye  can  reach,  together  with  a  hard  sand  beach  of  a   mile  in   length, 
rides,   renders  it  as  lovely  a  resort  for  Pleasure  Parties,  Invalids,  or 

manent  boarders,  as  can  be  found  in  the  whole  counti'y. 
'irateful  for  past  favors,  the  subscriber  pledges  himself  that  nothing  shall 

wanting  on  his  part  to  merit  a  continuance  of  the  same. 

JOSEPH.  P.  CIIAMBEIILAIN. 


rEW  or  THURSTON'S  PRH  TING  OFFICE,  FOX  BLOCK. 


104  GUIDE  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


lEPIT  I!  AMIM  iAIIfACmi 


DAVIS,  BAXTER  &  CO., 

3  FREE  STREET  BtOCK, 

MANUFACTURERS'  AGENT6. 

FOR  THE  SALE  OF 

Vulcanized,  Gum,  and  Web  SUSPENDERS. 

SILK  and  LEATHER  BELTS. 

BUTTONS  of  every  description. 

Italian  and  American  SEWING  SILKS  AND  TT\7ST. 

COTTON  THREADS  of  various  2;rade8. 

MACHINE  SILKS  and  threads.  "" 

INDIA  RUBBER  GOODS. 

Ivory,  Horn,  and  Rubber  COMBS,  of  every  variety. 

Hair,  Clotii,  Tootli  and  other  BRUSHES. 

Tijcket  CUTLERY  and  SCISSORS. 

Needles,  I'ins,  Hooks  and  Eyes,  and  Thimbles. 

Calf  "Wallets,  Porte  Monuaies  and  I^urses. 

Clocks  &c.  &c.,  also  Importers  of 

Jolm  Rogers'  Golden  Medal  Liuen  Threads. 


New  England  Pin  Co.,   E.  Davis  &  Co.,  H.  Milwan 
&  Sons,  Empire  Knife  Co,  &c,  &c, 

■William  G.  Davis,  James  P.  Baxter,  James  H.  Baxtoi 


DANIEL  CLARKE  &  CO., 

NO.  119  MIDDLE  STREET, 

^7^t  lS:  }  POHTL  AND, 

.strangers  vi<iting  the  city  are  invited  LkmII  an  I  'xiinin". 


ILLUfc>L\LtBwTED 


GUIDE  BOOK 


:>  r;      ."    ;■  3  f' 


Miii  mm^ii^ 


ko^^ 


ir.i 


0-  U^^ 


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