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(,AXSEVOORT-L\NSING
COLLECTION

BvViCTOR Hugo Paltsits

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COLLECTION

HARVARD

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS

THIRD EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED

MOSES KING

COPIOUSLY ILLUSTRATED

WITH

HELIOTYPES, WOOD ENGRAVINGS, AND ETCHINGS

CAMBRIDGE
CHARLES W. SE.V5:.R,

University BookstoRb- . \

« «

"^'U

H4E NEW Y©M

PUBLIC LIBRAE

46641A

AStOR. LENOX AN*

• LDBN r<»VNBATWNS

R l#i22 L

COPYRIGI!T, 1878,

By MOSES KING.

DESIGNS BY L. S. IPSBN.
HBLIOTYPBS AND ZINC PLATES BY HELIOTYPE COMPANY.

*. ! , • * ' • * .' ^iXJS^CHES BY H. M. STEPHENSON.
•*• • »•*. •*, ■

• • • •• •

:• •• •- •

• •• 9

VtHVERSl'iY /RESS *. JOHN YTILSOYI XUD SOll,
CAMBRIDGE.

# ■

• * : * *

; .

INTEODUCTION.

This little handbook is designed to take the place of an intelligent com-
panion to the visitor in his walk through Harvard and its historical vicinity,
giving brief yet suflSciently definite descriptions of every place visited, with
passing allusions to its leading historical and biographical associations, and
devoting the larger proportion of space to the specially noteworthy objects.

Our visitor is assumed to have arrived at Harvard College, which can be
reached in half an hour from Boston, either by cannage or by the Cambridge
horse cars that start from Bowdoin Square.

The route proposed may be easily traced on the accompanying key plan —
on next page — by following the numerical order; nevertheless, as correspond-
ing numbers are attached to the description of each place in the book, an in-
dependent course may be taken if one so desires.

Whatever is most worth seeing is accessible to visitors without fees or
restrictions, and no objection is offered to a quiet walk through any of the
grounds or buildings, except the Observatory.

An asterisk (*) is placed in the Index opposite to the most noteworthy
places. A dagger (f) in the text signifies that the place is described in the
** Walk through Cambridge," page 63.

Numbers in full-faced type, e. </., (25), that occur throughout the book,
refer, first, to the description of the place ; second, to its number on the key
plan ; and third, to the illustration pertaining to it, if there is any.

No attempt is made to produce anything new; our object is merely to
reproduce in a convenient and simple form that which is already known.
Wherever we have found anything adapted to our purpose we have made use
of it. We are specially indebted to the ** Harvard Book," to Drake's ** His-
toric Fields and Mansions of Middlesex," and to Rev. William Newell, D. D.,
John Langdon Sibley, and Rev. A. P. Peabody, D. D. Want of space permits
only a general acknowledgment of our indebtedne^^ to \,\\ft ^^\v5«a <^<!sNsst '%ks«s555®.
from which information has been derived.

INDEX.

Thk nuinber in the first colomn indicates : Ist. The position of each place on the key plan (page
4) ; 2d, the consecutive number prefixed to the various places described in the book ; 8d, the corre-
sponding illustration. The number in the second column gives the page on which the description
may be found.

The (*) asterisk points out to the visitor whose time is limited the specially noteworthy places.

NO. PAGE

Annual Expenditure .... 18

*Applet»n Chapel 12 30

Arsenal, The State 47 81

Astronomical Observatory . . 49 67

Athletic Association, Harvard . 19a 37

Base Ball Club, H. U 27 46

•Beck Hall 34 66

Bishop's Palace 36 68

BoatClub, H. U 30 51

Boat House 30 51

*Botanic Garden 48 56

•Boylston Hall 7 23

Brattle House 60 90

Brookline Bridge Route ... 65 9')

*Bassey Institution 61

Cambridge Common .... 42a 76

•Christ Church 42 74

City Building, New 61 91

Class Day Tree 17 33

College House 39 55

Dana House 33 54

•Dane Hall 4 22

Dental School 60

•Divinity H&ll ...... 23 41

NO. PAGE

Education, Cost of 18

Elective System 15

Elevation of Projected Museum . 26 46

Elmwood 50 82

•Episcopal Theological School . 55 83

Fayerweather House .... 51 86

Feiton Building 31 65

First Parish Church .... 40 71

Foot Ball Club, H. U 28 49

•Gore Hall 8 24

Government of the University . 14

Graduates, Number of .... 14

♦Grays Hall 6 23

Gymnasium, Tlie Old .... 29 50

^Gymnasium, The New .... 19a 37

Hars'ard College, History of . . 11

•Harvard Hall ....*.. . 2 21

Harvard Monument 11

Hicks House 02 91

•Hoklen Chapel 15 32

•HollisHall 16 33

Holmes Field 28 49

Ho\me» H.o\Mkft ^A "S^w

•HolmnVv^ ^HaW ^ -^^

•Holyoke House ST

Hotel Biuiuwick 66

InBtiucCioD at tvenCy Cnllt^ea .

Jacvis Field 2T

Key Plan

Law School (Dane Hall) ... 4

•lAwrence Hall CT

•Uwreace Sciantific Schoul . . 20

Lee House 52

Library (Gore Hall) .... 8

•Little's Block 38 ,

•Longfellow's Home 54

•Lowell's Homealead .... 50

■Haasaehusetts Hall 1

•Matthews Hall 3

•Medical School

•Memorial Hall 22

•Memorial HaU Transept ... 22

•Mount Auburn Cemetery - . . 60a

•Museum of Comparative Zoology 25

•Old Presidenl'i House
mot A

A. & E. 24 42

•Peabody Miisei
Pecuniary Aid for Students . .

President's House 33

Presidents of Harvard, Uat of .
Projected Mueeuiii, The ... 26
Projeeled Museum, Ground Plan of 26

Quadrangle, The 20

•Reed Hall 58 89

Reservoir, The 4an 81

Riedesel House, The .... 53 85

Riverside Press 64 93

•Sanders Theatre 22 33

Seal of Cambridge 63

Seal of Harianl Universitv . . 9

Sever Hall 10.. 29

Shepard Memorial Church . . 44 78

Society Hall 21 38

•Soldiers' Monument .... 43 77

•St. John's Memorial Chapel . . 56 8T

•Stougliton Hall 14 31

St. Paul's Churth ... - --

Itudents, NumI
Students, Sources of Supply of .

Teachers, Niimher of ... .

Thaver Commons Hall . . .

Thayer Hall

■Town Burying Ground . . .

Universitv Book Store . ■ .

•University Hall

•University Press

•Vassal House

Wadsworth House

Walk tlirough Cambridse . .

Walk through Harvard . . .
•Wflsliington Elm .....

Washington's Head-quarters

Waterbouse House

"Weld Hall

LIST OF FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS.

The fliBt column indicates the number of the description. It also reflars to the position of each place
on the key plan on page 4. The second column indicates the page of the illustration.

HELIOTYPES.

NO. fPAGB

Applbton Ghapbl 12 30

Astronomical Obsebvatoby 49 58

Beok Hall 34 66

Boat House 30 50

Botanic Garden 48 58

BoTurroN Hall 7 26

BiTBSBT Institution 60

Coi^LBQB House 39 66

Dane Hall 4 22

Divinity Hall 23 42

Gore Hall 8 26

Grays Hall 6 24

Gymnasium (New) 19a 38

Gymnasium (Old) 29 60

Harvard Hall 2 19

HoLLis Hall 16 34

Holworthy Hall 13 32

HoLYOKE House 37 32

Hotel Brunswick, Boston 66 94

Lawrence Scientific ScnooL 20 42

IiiTTLE*s Block 38 66

Massachusetts Hall 1 19

Matthews Hall 3 22

Medical School 60

Memorial Hall and Sanders Theatre 22 Front.

Memorial Dining Hall (Interior View) 22 40

Museum op Comparative Zoology 25 44

Old President's (Wadsworth) House S 1*^

TKABODY MViEUM OF AMERICAN ABGHiBOLOOY '^^ ***■

BBEaiDEirr*a House . . . , « • '^^ "^^^

8 LIST OF FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS,

HELIOTYPES — Cont^iwd,

NO. PAGE

Seyeb Hall lOa 38

Stoughtox Hall 14 34

Thayer Hall 11 30

University Hall .10 28

Weld Hall 9 28

WOOD ENGRAVINGS.

Bishop's Palace 36 69

Brattle House 60 90

Christ Church 42 74

Dana House . • 33 55

Elevation of Projected Museum 46

Elmwood 60 82

Fayerweather House 61 84

First Parish Church 40 72

Hicks House 62 91

HoLDEN Chapel 15 32

Holmes House 18 35

Lee House 62 85

Memorial Hall Transept 40

New City Building 61 91

Old Cambridge Baptist Church 35 68

Old Mile Stone 66

Old President's Chair 28

Protestant Episcopal Theological School op Massachusetts . .55 88

Quadrangle of Harvard College 20

RiEDESEL House 53 85

St. Paul's Church 63 92

Shepard Memorial Church and Washington Elm .... 44, 45 79

Society Hall 21 38

Soldiers* Monument 43 77

Thayer Commons Hall 19 36

University Press 64 93

Vassal House 59 89

Washington's Head-quarters 54 86

Waterhouse House 46 80

HALF-TITLES.

SsAL or Cambbidoe % ^

S^AL Of Harvard U>avEasiTY - '^

z^. //■ lt\

•

A GLANCE AT ITS HISTORY.

ARVARD COLLEGE waa founded in 1636.
At tbat time tlie General Court of the Col-
ony of M^tssaehusetts ilay voted to give £400
for the endownient of a. college, and in the
followlog yea.T it wob ordered tbat the col-
lege should be establielied at " Newetowne,"
— the governor, deputy-governor, and ten
others being appointed to take charge of the
enterprise. It is by no means certain tbat
the appropriation by tlie government was ever
p^d; but it undoubtedly gave both stimulus
and direction to private munificence, which
seemg to have been called forth in gifts insig-
ni6cant by our standard, yet large as measured
by the poverty of the infant settlemeDt. A
school nas opened under the superintendence
of Nathaniel Eaton It does not appear tbat he had any assistant, nor is
there any evidence extant of his scholarly cajt^ity or attainments. Tlie
■tudents boarded in his faiiiilj , and seein to have suffered equally from his
parsimony and bis tyranny.

1 His monanieDl llut beug the name " Hsmid," enctcd In ChuTleitoim, Is viplalned b; tba
blKtlptlon on th* nsUrn aide, wtilcti i«dB u foIloHt ; "QaUi«%<h«Kj lA ?«^uni»:iu . t^.-s .^K&,
Uilf »(oiM> inw »nMMrf ^J• Oie OwduatM ol the Unlvetritj in Cwalifva^,'™'™™"'^'^'*^'^''^

12 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

In 1638 Rev. John Harvard, a graduate of Cambridge, England, died in
Charlestown, leaving to the college just coming into being his entire library
and one half of his estate. This sum, probably not far from £700, exceeded
the aggregate of all other donations, and in grateful remembrance of its
chief benefactor the college was called by his name, while its site was renamed
after the seat of learning: at which he and not a few of his fellow-inimi-
grants had been educated. Shortly after Harvard's death Eaton was dis-
missed, and the building that had been commenced under his direction was
completed under the supervision of a member of the board of control.

In 1640 Rev. Henry Dunster was made president of the college, which
from that time onward may be regarded as a literary institution, organized and
conducted with the purpose of meeting the reasonable demands of the age
and the community.

The early presidents of the college were men of superior learning for their
time; the range of studies was limited, the number of students small (for the
first fifty years seldom exceeding twenty), and, though there may have been
occasional assistant teachers, there was no permanent professor or tutor till
the close of the century. The prescribed course of study comprehended
some of the best known Latin and Greek authors, more Hebrew than is now
learned at our divinity schools, logic and philosophy as then taught in the
English universities, the mere elements of mathematics, and, above all, the
holy Scriptures and Christian theology as understood by the New England
churches.

The first tutor was the venerable Henry Flynt, appointed in 1G99, who re-
mained in office and resident within college walls for fifty-five years. The
first professor was the elder Edward Wigglesworth, who, in 1721, was ap-
pointed professor of divinity on a foundation endowed by Thomas Ilollis,
with the then ample income of £40 a year.

During the greater portion of the last century the college was identified
with the liberal party in clyrch and state, and could not but bear a prom-
inent part in the movements preceding and accompanying the revolution in
which the country declared and achieved its independence. In 1775 the
library and classes were removed to Concord, the college halls given up to the
use of the provincial army, and tlie president's house offered, and for a short
t/me occupied, as head-quarters for the comT!aaTidet-\xv-^iVi\^l\ >n\\vIq. the presi-
d!eiit himself — an ardent patriot — served as cVva^XaVTv \,o \Xv^ V\w>^^ ^v». w\«s\s?t-
"- occasions, and notably on the eve of tihe \>aW\e oi "BvxxvV^x ^^.

oas

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, 1 3

After the evacuation of Boston by the British the college resumed its ses-
sions in Cambridge, and maintained for the ensuing thirty years or more a
' high but hardly growing reputation as a seat of learning. Its era of active
and incessant progress may be said to have begun with the presidency of Dr.
Kirkland, in 1810. Since that period there has been among its professors a
spirit of literary and scientific energy and enterprise, among its students a
just and high ambition, and in the public a generosity corresponding to the
ever-growing and always urgent needs of an institution that aims to keep
abreast with the ripest thought and learning of its time.

Of the large endowments which now sustain numerous professorships and
supply the means of support for more than one hundred students, and also of
the funds invested in the buildings, library, observatory, botanic garden, and
collections in various departments of science and art, almost the entire amount
has accrued from private liberality. The gifts of the colonial and provincial
governments were scanty and for specific and temporary uses, if we except
the erection of several college buildings. The principal gift of the State of
Massachusetts was a grant of $10,000 a year for ten years, voted in 1814. Of
this sum $25,000 passed into the hands of poor students, $21,400 were ap-
plied to the erection of a medical college in Boston, and the residue was ex-
pended in building University Hall, which thus remains the chief enduring
monument of State generosity.

The following list gives the names and terms of the presidents of the col-
lege from its foundation : —

Henry Dunster, 1640-1654. Samuel Langdon, 1774-1780.

. Charles Chauncy, 1654-1671. Joseph Willard, 1781-1804.

Leonard Hoar, 1672-1674. Samuel Webber, 1§06-1810.

Urian Oakes, 1675-1681. John Thornton Kirkland, 1810-1828.

John Rogers, 1682-1684. Josiah Quincy, 1829-1845.

Increase Mather, 1685-1701. Edward Everett, 1846-1849.

Samuel Willard, 1701-1707. Jared Sparks, 1849-1853.

John Leverett, 1707-1724. James Walker, 1853-1860.
Benjamin Wadsworth, 1725-1736. Cornelius Conway Felton, 1860-1862.

Edward Holyoke, 1737-1769. Thomas Hill, 1862-1868.
SamaeJ LocJte, 1 770-1 773.

la 1869 Cbarlea William Eliot was e\ec\;ed vw^«vi\ciiV wAVt^ «®sfc5^'^'^
execaUre ch&ir since that time.

14 HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

The government of the university may be briefly described as follows: The
legal title of the corporation is the ** President and Fellows of Harvard Col-
lege." The Corporation [consisting of the President, Fellows (five in num-
ber), and Treasurer], and the Board of Overseers (thirty-two in number), are
the governing powers of the university, which comprehends the following de-
partments : Harvard College, the Divinity School, the Law School, the Med-
ical School, the Dental School, the Lawrence Scientific School, the Museum
of Comparative Zoology, the Bussey Institution (a school of agriculture),
the College Library, and the Astronomical Observatory. The Peabody Mu-
seum of American ArchsBology and Ethnology is a constituent part of the
university; but its relations to it are affected by peculiar provisions.

The president is purely an administrative officer and presides over the cor-
poration, board of overseers, and faculties of the various departments; the
treasurer has the custody of the property of the university ; the academic coun-
cU, consisting of the president, professors, and assistant professors of the uni-
versity, recommend the candidates for the degrees of master of arts, doctor of
science, and doctor of philosophy; the faculty of each department has the
immediate charge of it; a dean is appointed for each faculty, of which he is
in fact vice-president; the registrar is the medium between the student and the
college faculty, and keeps the records of that faculty and of the admission,
attendance, and conduct of the students, superintends examinations, prepares
all scales of scholarship, and is chairman of the parietal committee ; the parietal
committee, formed of the proctors and officers of instruction who reside within
the college buildings, takes cognizance of offenses by students against good
order and decorum; the bursar is the treasurer's agent at Cambridge, and re-
ceives the bonds and collects the amounts due from students; the curators of
the museums, the director of the observatory, and the director of the botanic
garden have charge of their respective departments ; the secretanj of the board
of overseers keeps its records, etc., and the secretaries of the various depart-
ments are the assistants of the deans; the proctors are the academical police
officers; the officers of instruction and government include the professors, as-
sistant professors, tutors, instructors, and proctors. There are many other
officers, but these are the most important.

The whole number upon whom degrees have been conferred by Harvard
University before 1875 was 12,812. To tlae pT^seiiV. 's^^x \k^\^VvA.\e. been of
the college, 9,175 gradua,tesioi^<&\x^%(^Kiif\\^'^^\'9^^

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

The following table shows the number of students in the university, and in
its several departments, at four periods taken ten years apart : —

Tear.

* 1846-47
1856-57
1866-67
1876-77

College.

Divinity
School.

Taw

School.

Medical
School.

Scientific
School.

Other
Students.

272

132

159

382

109

122

419

157

301

821

187

226

Whole
Univer-
sity.

611

695

959

1,370

The preceding table shows that the number of students in the whole uni-
versity rather more than doubled in thirty years. It is interesting to observe
the increase in the number of teachers within the same period : —

1846^7. 1876-77.

Professors 19 51

Assistant Professors 21

Lecturers 3

Tutors 4 7

Instructors . 2 30

Assistants 12

Whole number of teachers .... — 25 — 124

Librarians, Proctors, and other officers . . 10 24

The following extract and table is taken from Charles F. Thwing's article
on College Instruction, in a recent number of ** Scribner*s Monthly.'' It will
be interesting to observe the comparison of Harvard with the other colleges.

**Tliough a few elective or 'exchange' courses of instruction have been
for years offered by most colleges, it was not till the accession of the pres-
ent president of Harvard that the system of elective studies was introduced.
Though introduced at Harvard in the face of much opposition, the system
has, by its intellectual and moral advantages, converted opposition into stanch
support. It constantly grows in popularity with both professors and students,
and each year the number of elective courses is increased and their scope en-
larged. At this time (187G-77) 99 elective courses are offered, providing 2G3
recitations a week. The liberty of choice is shown, b"^ t\\fci.^Q\»\!ftai^^xv'^vi»:^>
enuring his course, take, as regular studies lot a ^e^^^> Qt\^ "^^ ^^ '^'^ '^^^
boars of electives.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

**The followinsr table shows the number of hours of instruction a week
given in the principal studies by twenty colleges. Both prescribed and elect-
ive studies are included in the estimate."

•

Classics,
Ancient

Lan-
guages.

Mathe-
matics.

Modem
Lan.

guages.

Science.

Philos-
ophy.

History.

Fine
Arts.

Total

each

week.

Amherst ....

2lf

lOJ

17f

6§

Boston . . .

Bowdoin . .

21 J

12i

California .

Ck>rnell . .

Dartmouth

Hamilton .

2§

601

Harvard . .

291

Michigan . .

104

Middlebury .

New York

Northwestern

13J

Oberlin . .

13i

78J

Princeton .

Trinity . .

12i

VassaV . .

27i

• 8j

3l|

118

Vermont . .

2l'

12' .

751

Virginia . .

Wesleyan

Yale

119

The prec

lediuj

able si]

LOWS th.

at the 1

number

of houi

•s of in

structio

n each

week at Harvard greatly exceeds that of any other two colleges combined.
The average number of hours each week at the colleges mentioned above is
78J ; at Harvard it is 291.

The sources of supply of students to Harvard College are not quite the
same from year to year; yet the proportions of the numbers of persons who
come from public schools, endowed schools, private schools, private tutors,
and colleges respectively change but slowly. The number of schools and col-
leges from which young men actually entered Harvard College in 1877 WM
fifty-five. Of these, the following, arranged alphabetically, are in the first
rank as regards the number of scholars prepared for college : —

Adams Academy, Quincy.i Brookline High School, Brookline.

Boston Latin School, Boston. Cambridge High School, Cambridge.

' The places named are \n MasaachxiMltA uu\e«& oKSckftmNafe %\a.xa4.

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

ChauncT Hall School, Boston.
Ea}*^!^, Wm. N., private school, Boston.
Friends* Academy, New Bedford.
. Hopkinson, J. P., private school, Boston.
Kendall, J., private school, Cambridge.
Newton High School, Newton.
Noble, G. W. C, private school,' Boston.
Phillips Academy, Andover.
Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, N. H.

Roxbnry Latin School, Roxbur}'.
St. Mark^s School, Southborou^.
St. Paul's School, Concord, N. H.
Salem High School, Salem.
San Francisco Boys* High School,

Francisco, Cal.
Somerville High School, Somerville.
Williston Seminary, Eastliampton.
Worcester High School, Worcester.

San

It is generally understood that good scholars of high character but slender
means are seldom or never obliged to leave the university for want of money.

To aid worthy students, 124 scholarships have been established, varying in
their annual income from $40 to $3.00.

Deserving students can also obtain pecuniary aid from various funds, such
as beneficiary money, loan fund, fellowships, monitorships, and prizes. Gen-
erous persons are constantly adding to these funds, which seem to keep pace
with the general advance of the university. This is evident from the fol-
lowing table, which exhibits the amounts paid to students during the years
1866-67 and 1876-77. It will be seen that the amount has considerably more
than doubled within ten years.

College Scholarships

" Beneticiary Money

" Loan Fund

Divinity School Scholarships

" " from charity of Edward Hopkins

** " BeneficiaryMoney

" " from the Williams Fund 1 . . .

Law School Scholarships

Medical School Scholarships

I^wrence Scientific School Scholarships ....
Fellowships

1866-67.

$10,019.00

2,368.74

880.00

2,400.00
885.00

1,600.00
150.00

1876-77.

$25,963.86

907.25

2,720.00

1,820 00

2,310.00

339.84

1,450.00

450.00

800.00

600.00

4,223.47

$18,302.74

41,584.42

> The Williams Fund can proyide twenty scholarships of $160 eooh. Part of it is uncalled for.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY,

It is not an unknown thing for a penniless freshman to carry off the high-
est honors at the end of his course, after sustaining himself by the pecuniary
rewards offered to high scholarship and his earnings in other ways.

The cost of education at Harvard University has been repeatedly discussed
in the public prints within the past few years, and is in many families a mat-
ter of serious concern. Much of the common talk upon the subject is founded
upon loose estimates, or upon mere guesses or boasts. Trustworthy data for
accurate statements have recently been gathered from careful inquiries of
parents, guardians, and reliable students. The smallest annual expenditure
reported (including every item of cost) was $471. A few students kept their
expenditure within $500; and this can be done without injury to health, and
without suffering of any sort. The great majority of students — whose par-
ents are neither rich nor poor — spent from $650 to $850 a year; this is a
liberal allowance. The upper limit of expenditure is of course indeterminable.

The necessary items of annual expenditure upon four different scales, with
all desirable minuteness of specification, can be seen in the following table.
The expenses of the long vacation are not included.

Least.

Economical.

Moderate.

Ample.

Tuition

$150

70
30
10
140*
11
15
15

$150
25
10

120
30
15

175t
15
20
15

$150

150

100

175t

$150

Books

Stationery

Clothing'

Room

Fiirniturp (annual average) . .

Board

Fuel and light

WashinsT

300

175

304t

Car fares .

Societies and subscription to sports

(annual average)

Servant

Sundries .........

100

Total

$499

$615

$830

$1,365

Dtnaity Club,

t MemoxValHaAY.

\ 7T\x«.te club.

HAAVAKD BiZilj ?

A WALK THROUGH HARVARD.

To take a walk through the grounds of Harvard University, there is, prob-
ably, no better place to enter than at the main gate on the west side of the
college "yard,'* as the grounds, lying between Broadway and Cambridge
street on the north, Quincy street on the east, Harvard street on the south,
and North Avenue on the west, are familiarly called. The path from this
gate leads into the Quadrangle, On the right of this patli, as you enter from
the gate, stands —

1. Massachusetts Hall, the oldest of the college buildings, bearing the
name of the province that founded the college and built this hall. In 1718,
while Mr. Leverett was president, the General Court ordered a three-story
brick building, 100 by 50 feet, to be erected at the expense of the province as
a dormitory for students. For 150 years this building was occupied for that
purpose. After the battle of Lexington the students were compelled to
vacate the premises in order that the American soldiers might be accom-
modated, but in 1776 the soldiers were withdrawn and the students again
took possession of it.

During Dr. Eirkland's administration the building was thoroughly repaired
and renovated, and a portion of the lower floor assigned to society and recita-
tion uses. Here the Institute met in debate, and the Natural History Society
held its meetings and kept its collections. In 1870 Massachusetts Hall under-
went an alteration in its interior arrangements : the two upper floors were
chansred into one large room, which is now used for examinations, while the
two lower floors were converted into a single story, which, in addition to its
use for examinations, is used for recitations and as the Harvard reading room.
In this building the classes meet, as they have done for several years, to choose
their oflicers and transact other class business. On the west end, near the
roof, is a wooden ** patch : " many wonder what it is, not knowing that it is the
shield that for many years held the dial oi a iA.o^i^Viw» ^ywi.^ '''• ^\>xv v^xiJs-r

On the left of the road, parallel and opposvX^b Xo^iJ^^^^<^\»&^^s»^^^^'^

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 21

2. Harvard Hall, 1765, which is the second structure of that name. The
oriorinal buildino: was the first erected for the coUejje. Donations from friends
supplied the means for erecting the first building, which, together with 5,000
books and the cabinet of apparatus, was destroyed by fire in 1 764. As the
General Court was holding its sessions in this hall at that time, the province
provided for the erection of the building now standing, which was planned
by Governor Bernard, who, it is said, could repeat the whole of Shakspere.
Built of brick, two stories high, the hall rests upon a foundation of Braintree
stone, above which is a layer of dn'ssed red sandstone, with a belt of the same
material between the stories. During the Revolution the American army wa?
stationed here, and, among the items for damages sustained, a bill was rendered
for 1,000 pounds of lead, cut from the roofs and carried away, probably to be
molded into bullets. In 1789 Washintjton was received here.

The buttery, an obsolete institution, was in Harvard Hall. " As the com-
mons rendered the college independent of private boarding-houses, so the but-
tery removed all just occasion for resorting to the different marts of luxury,
intemperance, and ruin. This was a kind of supplement to the commons, and
offered for sale to the students, at a moderate advance on the cost, wines,
liquors, groceries, stationery, and, in general, such articles as it was proper
and necessary for them to have occasionally, and which for the most part were
not included in the commons' fare."

At various times this building has contained the chapel, library, commons,
philosophical apparatus, and mineralogical cabinet, and around its walls hung
the portraits belonging to the college. From 1842 to 1871 Commencement din-
ner was served here. The building had a clock which kept time for the stu-
dents, but that was removed when the faculty arranged to have control of the
clock on the church opposite. The bell in the belfry has been used for many
years to notify students of their multifarious engagements. The first bell
was brought from an Italian convent. At present the building is made use of
principally for recitations, readings, and lectures, and contains a large amount
of valuable philosophical apparatus.

On the right, next beyond Massachusetts Hall (1), the building which
forms part of the western boundary of the quadrangle is —

3. Matthews Hall, the gift of Nathan Matthews of Boston. This hall,
erected in 1872 in the Gothic style of architecture, at a co*t ot ^^.^vb^ ^V*L<^<-
000, 18 one of the most ornamental and coii\ftxi\ftTk\\^ wx^a?^^ ^ "^^ ^^5^^^

22 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

dormitories. A solid brick wall divides it into two separate parts, each of
which has entrances on both east and west fronts. There are sixty suites of
rooms, nearly all double, including study, two bedrooms, and closets; these
suites are naturally ranked among the most desirable.

The site of Matthews Hall is that of a brick building erected in 1666 for the
accommodation of Indian students by the ** Society for Propagating the Gros*
pel ; ■ ' subsequently the old building was turned over to the college printing
press, and there it is probable that the second edition of the Indian Bible
was printed.

To the southwest of the quadrangle, between Matthews Hall (3) and the
street corner, stands —

4. Dane Hall, commonly known as the Law School, a two-story brick build-
ing, which was erected in 1832 and enlarged in 1845. On the lo^er floor of
the addition is the law library, contaiuing 16,000 volumes of valuable law
books, and on the upper floor is the lecture room. The upper of these rooms
is ornamented with paintings and busts of men distinguished for legal ability,
who have been connected with the law school and the state.

The first Dane Hall, which was substantially the front part of the present
building, was built at a cost of $7,000, advanced to the college by Nathan
Dane (class of 1778) of Beverly, who distinguished himself as a jurist and
statesman. While in Congress he framed the celebrated ** Ordinance of 1787,"
by which slavery was excluded from all territory northwest of the Ohio
River.

Previously to 1832 the law school (which was not established until 1817,
although a legacy had been left for this purpose by Isaac Roy all in 1779)
was in a small building opposite the present one, on the site of College House
(39). The law school of Harvard was the first established in this country
in connection with a collegiate course of instruction. In 1871 the whole build-
ing was moved about seventy feet southward to make room for Matthews
Hall (3), and now *' the south foundation wall of Dane is the same as the
north wall of the old meeting-house, so that Law and Divinity rest here on a
common base."

On the street line the first building to the left is the —

5. Old President's House, often called the Wadsworth House, as its first
occupant w/is President Wadsworth, in 1726. It U an old-fashioned wooden

structure, situated on the north side of Harvax^ ^\.t^^\..

MATTHEWS HALL (3).

BANS HAI.L V^V

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 23

Down to the year 1849 it was the residence of the successive presidents of
the college, being, next to Massachusetts Hall (1), the oldest of the college
buildings; it is said to have received within its walls more noted persons
than any other house in Cambridge. Many historical incidents are connected
with it. Both Washington and Lee were quartered here for a short time
in 1775. At present the main building is occupied by college officers and
students.

The brick annex was formerly across the path and connected with the house
by a portico. Then the second floor was the president's study, and the first
floor was occupied by the president's freshman, an office long since abolished.
This freshman was paid $40 a year and furnished with a room for his services
as errand boy to the president.

Of the brick annex, the first floor contains the bursar's office, and the
second floor the college printing rooms, where the minor printing is done.

In the bursar's office is an antiquated clock that formerly stood in Massa-
chusetts Hall, and regulated the time of the regent's freshman.

Across the south end of the quadrangle is —

6. Grays Hall, a five-story brick building with Mansard roof and granite
trimmings. It was erected by the corporation, and its name commemorates
the munificence of three liberal benefactors of the college, namely, Francis
Galley Gray (class of 1809), who gave the "Gray collection of engravings,"
now justly celebrated; John Chipman Gray (class of 1811), who for a series
of years furnished funds for valuable prizes in the mathematical department ;
and William Gray (class of 1829), who, in addition to other gifts, gave
$25,000, within a period of five years, for the purchase of books. The build-
ing is divided by two brick walls into three sections, and contains fifty-two
suites of single rooms, all being provided with ventilating flues and open fire-
places. On the front are three stone tablets, one of which represents the seal
of the college, another the date of the founding of the college (1636), and
the third the date of the completion of the building (1863). On the first floor
are the rooms of the Harvard Art Club and St. PauPs Society.

A little outside of the quadrangle, to the southeast of Grays, stands —

7. Boylaton Hall, the chemical laboratory, which was erected in 1857 at a
cost of $50,000, being then only two stories high. In 1871 a Mansard roof
was added at an additional cost of $20,000. Of the first sum.^ ^^S ^QQQ '««««<%.
derived from an aceumalative fund given aX dVSLetc^X NXsaft;^ Vst'CtoaX^SS^jK^jp**^

24 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

by Ward Xicholas Boylston of Boston. The hall is built of Rockport granite,
and, by way of security against fire, all the partition walls are made of brick.
On the first floor there is a lecture room, chemical recitation room, and labo-
ratories for quantitative analysis and organic chemisti*y ; on the second floor
a cabinet of chemical apparatus, a chemical lecture room, and the museum
of mineralogy ; and on the third floor a laboratory for qualitative analysis,
preparation rooms, a botanical laboratory, and a part of the mineralogical
cabinet. In the Mansard roof there is a room for organic analysis and a
photographic laboratory. All the laboratories and cabinets are replete -with
the necessary apparatus for the study of both chemistry and mineralogy.
The collection of minerals, of which a considerable portion was purchased at
Vienna and presented to the college by Theodore Lyman (class of 1810),
occupies a large portion of the second and third stories, and is one of the
handsomest of the University's museums. The cabinet of Von Liebner, of
Innsbruck, Tyrol, is also incorporated with this collection. A lithological
collection will soon be displayed. Since the removal of the Peabody Museum
to its own building (24) in 1877, several alterations in Boylston Hall have
been planned, which are now in process of execution.

To the northeast of Boylston Hall (7), in the college yard, but outside of
the quadrangle, is —

8. Gore Hall, the college library, a structure of Quincy granite, erected in
1841, out of proceeds amounting to S 70, 000 from a residuary legacy made by
Christopher Gore (class of 1776), one of the greatest benefactors of the col-
lege. The building is in the Gothic style of architecture of the fourteenth
century, and was originally constructed in the form of a Latin cross; the length
of the main body being 140 feet, and that of the transepts 81^ feet. It fronts
both north and south, with an octagonal tower, originally 83 feet high, at each
corner of the main body of the building. The entrance is on the south side
of the eastern extension. The gilt cross above this entrance is a trophy of the
siege of Louisbourg in 1 745, when it was hrought away by the Massachusetts
troops. At the time of the removal of the library to Gore Hall it consisted of
but 41,000 volumes, and then a building of its dimensions was thousrht to be larore
enough to hold all the books that would accumulate during the present cent-
ury; but subsequent experience has shown the necessity of more room, to pro-
vide which an extension of the east transept was begun in 1876 and completed
2/2 2877, at a cost of $90 y 000, This new compartovewt, ded^wed ex^jressly as
A repository for books, diSera materially in coii^U\x'Ji\A.o\i ixwsL ^^ <stv^w^

OLD PBtESIDENT'S HOUSE (5).

GIAYS HALIi V.'E.'l.

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, 2$

hall, and, with the exception of the shelves, is entirely of stone, brick and iron.
The roof consists of concrete tiles, two feet square and three inches thick,
placed upon iron rafters and covered with slates.

The new building is considered fire-proof, and heavy brick walls with iron-
covered doors separate the new and old halls. The interior is divided into six
floors, which, together with the staircases, are made of perforated cast iron.
Each floor is subdivided into fourteen sections, with adjustable shelves, the
topmost of which can be reached from the floor. On the south side of the
second floor is the librarian's oflice, and adjoining are several rooms used by
the assistants. Two book elevators are at diagonally opposite corners. In a
part of the delivery room is a gallery in which periodicals are kept ; over this
is a hall devoted to books relating to art, and which also contains a collection
of rare and curious manuscripts and autographs in glass cases. Under the
delivery room is the boiler, inclosed in a vault, that furnishes the steam heat
for the building. The old hall is to be remodelled, and when all the changes
are effected, the building will have a capacity of over 500,000 volumes.

As soon as the books are moved into this new compartment, the old sys-
tem of marking and delivering will be discontinued, and each volume will be
marked with five numbers, describing (1) the face, (2) the floor, (3) the sec-
tion, (4) the shelf, and (5) the number of the book on the shelf.

The privilege of consulting the books of the library is granted to every one,
whether connected with the college or not. This feature has made the library
the resort of students from various parts of the country, and the receptacle of
many valuable collections of books and antiquities. Though called the Col-
lege Library, it is in effect the library of the university. The president, in
a recent report, points out what an important position the library is expected
in the future to take in that group of organizations which now constitutes
the university. While the library may supply to every department a source
from which instruction may be drawn, it must of itself, in any comprehensive
system of training, become the centre of strong influences. The advanced
students in science and arts, who now pursue their studies with little concert
of action, will in all probability ultimately be brought together under the
charge of a separate faculty ; of the instruction given by such a faculty the
library must be the principal centre.

As a means to this end, it is intended to make \.\i% ^-aXaXofgofc ^^^<^ "^!si&
library, manuBcript and printed, actively luattxieMvy^^ ^^ ^CiM^^» >^^ 'o^'^ -sSSssssfe

26 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

students to investigation. Tbe bulletin published quarterly now contuns con-
densed treatises concerning tbe sources of information on the topics alladed
to, and critical notices of books; the special aid of the professors in the
several departments is enlisted in this work. The instructors are expected to
make it the vehicle of whatever advice on books they would impart, whenever
the permanence of print might be an advantage. It is intended also that the
bulletin shall be the means of gradually getting into print special bibliogra-
phies of those departments of the library which are peculiarly strong and in-
teresting, as, for instance, that of ballad literature, of which the collection in
the library is supix)sed tu be the best and most extensive in existence.

In 1841, when John Langdon Sibley (class of 1825) entered upon his thir^-
six consecutive years of service, the annual income of the library was aboot
S250 ; now it amounts to $15,000, and is likely to increase largely.

At the beginning of the year 1878 the library contained 170,000 volume?, and
is the third largest collection of books in America ; the Boston Public Library
with its eight branches standing first, and the Library of Congress second.
The present collection is but little over one hundred years old, a fire having
destroyed the earlier library in 1 764. Its growth was slow, and unassisted by
funds to any noteworthy extent, until about twenty years ago, when the Hon.
William Gray (class of 1829) began an annual gift of $5,000, and continued
it for five years. This was spent as it accrued, but the funded resources are
now eighteen in number, besides two not yet available. The most considerable
is a bequest of Charles Minot, now amounting to ^60,000 ; the next that of
Mrs. James W. Sever, $40,000 ; then that of the late lion. Charles Sumner,
$ 34,000, and the next was left by the late President Walker, $15,000. Several
considerable private libraries have also been received, — like that of Heuiy
Ware Wales, rich in Italian classics and Orieutalia ; of Clarke Gayton Pick-
man ; of Charles Sumner, rich in books of curious history and associations, and
of President Walker. The hall is open on every week day, except legal holi-
days, from 9 A. M. to 5 p. M., but closes at 2 p. m. during a recess or vacation.

Opposite, and parallel to the west side of Gore Hall (8), is —

9. "Weld Hall, one of the most attractive dormitories, which was built,

in 1872, by William F. Weld, in memory of his brother, Stephen Minot Weld

(class of 1824). The building is of brick, with belts of light sandstone, in the

Elizabethan style of architecture, five stories high, and contains fifty-four

suites of elesant rooms. The front is on lYife 'w^^X. «v^^^ i-a^iva?*, '^^x.^^^^

aOYLSTON HALL (7)-

GORB HALL \av

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 2y

Hall (3), and the main entrance is under two wide archways that open on a
large porch paved with marble tiles.

Passing around the northern end of Weld (9), into the quadrangle path, we

have on the right —

10. University Hall, the first stone building that was erected in the col-
lege yard. It occupies the central position of the east side of the quadrangle,
and was built in 1815 by the corporation, at a cost of $65,000, ot which sum
about $58,000 were derived from a grant by the State.

This is, and has been, since its completion, the centre of the college. At
first it contained the chapel, commons, and recitation rooms. In the cen-
tral portion of the building, in the present second and third stories, was the
chapel, where the exhibitions were held. Until 1841 Commencement dinners
were served here. Distinguished visitors were formally entertained in this
building, and on the steps of the southern entrance many noted visitors have
been received ; among whom were Presidents Monroe (1817) and Jackson
(1838), Major-general Worth, with the West Point Cadets (1821), and
Lafayette (1824). Annually the state governor, escorted by a troop of horse,
preceded by trumpeters, and accompanied by his staff, was welcomed here.

Both interior and exterior have been greatly modified since its erection. A
long portico that adorned the front was removed; the chapel was altered
(1833), disused for public worship (1858), and finally divided into two floors
(1867), which were subdivided into recitation and lecture rooms ; the commons
discontinued (1842), and the lower floor changed (1849) into recitation rooms.
President Sparks first made use of the building for the oflice of the pres-
ident, occupying a part of the south end of the second floor, and, since that
time, the office of the successive presidents has remained here. The office
of the present executive is the southeast room, that of the dean the southwest
room, while adjoining and communicating with them are the offices of the sec-
retary and registrar. In these rooms the faculty of the college proper assem-
ble weekly to attend to all business relating to discipline and instruction in
the college. The academic council, and the parietal committee also meet here.
In the upper story is an examination room, while the other parts of the build-
ing are used for recitations. In the hall-ways and in front of University Hall
are placed the bulletin boards, which, in accordance with the regulations, must
be closely scanned by the students. Part o£ llie \iaae,m^iv\.\& ws^^ -aa ^i^^'^J^aScsss^
^ooma.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

1 the president's office ia the antique chair sho

... tlii» page, nliiuli from " ti

ojg'fA ^ Aii * yoncl the nietnorj- of man

P^WWl ^^ been used by the presid<

l'lTlfi5r CommenceiiienE Day whe

giees; two oil

ings ot ihe college yar

buildings in 1821; an ok

ioned olock, given by S

Willarcl, who liad charge

colie^'n clocks for fifty ;

a sitleboard, (.'iit witli iJ

tials "J. E., 1G81," tha

belongcrl to the Apostle

Eliot ; and tin antiquated

the history of which e

so far back that it hat

lost, to iliu present gene

It was in late years ub

Washburn.

Directly east of Unh

Hall (10), midway betw

and Quincy Sti'eet, is —

otaambei, wbern the Fh^r uausllj' Btooil tor tbe iniipeetlnn ot i
(h* josr 1798 to IflOO. prMidcd Ssnioel Shspltjigh, tho llbrarta

portion of them. Hten usbnred into tbe room when stood

prwideDt^s cfaalr,' took this Bene, nibbltig hla bindd together,

(orMt : ■ forfeit ! ' and demand fiom tbe fair occupant a Ubb

be leldom tolled iD oblaio."

Speaking of Coromencoment Day oiereLsen, Wllllun Blglow,

" Now young gallantf allure Ibeir fai

UNIVBRSITT HALL (10),

^K^

g^*\;t^p

WEL"D ^MA . V

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 2g

10 a. Sever Hall, named in honor of Mrs. J. W. Sever, from whom the
College received a legacy of $100,000 for this purpose. The building is 177
feet by 75, and 50 feet from the ground to the upper cornice, the roof being
30 feet higher. Each side is relieved by two round bays extending to the
roof, and a bay above the entrance. The entrances are on the east and west.
That on the west, or front side, is surmounted by a pediment of moulded
brick, enclosing a handsomely carved tympanum containing a panel inscribed
*' Sever Hall." The eastern diifers but slightly from the western entrance.

The windows are sunnounted by flat arches, and set in moulded brick
mullions. Those on the south end of the building are arranged in triplets, —
the middle one being double the length of the other two, and extending to
the floor. This extension is to furnish ready exit in case of fire. The north
end has but one triplet window, which is immediately surmounted by a large
panel of cai*ved brick-work containing the College arms.

The roof of the building is broken by quadruple dormer windows, both
being covered with akron tiles. The nmllions on the roof-face, as well as
the hips and ridges, are covered with terra-cotta. The cresting is of an
elaborate design, and forms a fine capping piece to the w^hole structure.

On the first floor, a broad hall with tiled floor extends through from the
east entrance, bisected by a corridor running the entire length of the building.
This floor contains six spacious recitation rooms and six retiring rooms for
the professors, supplied with open fire-places and suitable toilet appliances.
At the north end of the corridor is a large lecture hall, with semicircular
rows of seats, accommodating between three and four hundred students. At
the easterly end of the main hall a staircase, twelve feet wide, leads to the
second floor, containing nine recitation and retiring rooms similar to those
below. A broad corridor likewise runs the entire length of the building, at
the southern extremity of which an iron staircase leads to tjie attic. The
third floor resembles the first, except the northern section, which contains tw-o
large art-galleries, one on each side of the corridor, and a lecture room seating
about three hundred. The attic consists of a large hall, 70 feet in length by
52 in width, devoted to examinations. All the rooms are finished with a
sheathing of ash four feet high, and beaded with moulded cap and base, pro-
ducing a very fine effect. The basement contains coal-bins, toilet-rooms, and
beating and ventilating apparatus. The architect is II. II. Richardson.

On the north of University Hall (10), awd w^^A^ o\i ^Xwjkfe ^^S^*^^\'5. —

30 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

11. Thayer Hall, erected, in 1870, by Nathaniel Thayer of Boston, at a
cost of $100,000, in memory of his father. Rev. Nathaniel Thayer, D. D.
(class of 1789), and of his brother, John Eliot Thayer. This hall, built <A
brick, four and five stories high, is the longest of any in the yard, and ii
divided into three distinct parts by two solid walls. The central division,
which rises one story above the other two, is entered from the side facing
the quadrangle, and the other portions are entered at the ends of the build-
ing. There are sixty-eight suites of rooms, with accommodations for 116
students.

Directly behind Thayer Hidl (U), in the college yard, is —

12. Appleton Chapel, named in honor of Samuel Appleton, from whose
estate the college received $50,000 for the erection of a chapel. It is built
of a light sandstone brought from Nova Scotia, and was dedicated October 17,
1858. Durincr President Eliot's administration the buildinor has been con-
siderably improved and a gallery put in, the expenses of which were de-
frayed by the heirs of Nathan Appleton of Boston. The windows are of
richly stained glass, and bear the motto " Christo et Ecclesise " above, and
** Veritas'' below. The whole interior is beautiful and pleasing. By means
of a signal wire the officiating minister is informed from the chapel door
when the services should begin. At fifteen minutes before eight o'clock -each
week day morning all the students of the college proper assemble here for
devotional exercises. On Sunday the usual church service, condacted by
Rev. A. P. Peabody, D. D. (class of 1826), is held by a church and congre-
gation that was formed in 1814. Here, also, wedding and funeral ceremonies
are soleumized. Among the obsequies performed here have been those of Gen-
eral C. R. Lowell (class of 1854), President C. C. Felton (class of 1827),
Professor Louis Agassiz, Professor Jeffries Wyman (class of 1833), and Gov-
ernor Emory Washburn.

The building which forms the north end of the quadrangle is —
13. Hol'worthy Hall, and bears the name of Sir Matthew Hoi worthy, a
merchant of Hackney, in Middlesex, England, who left to the college, at his
death in 1678, the sum of £1,000, the largest bequest that had been made to
the college. In 1812 Hoi worthy Hall was built from the money received from
this bequest and a lottery. It is a plain four-story brick structure, and would
retain its original appearance had not the upper story been raised a little.
There are three distinct parts, separated by W\eV\5?^%, ^^^ c-wiXaM^xM^Vw^ctei-

THAYER HALL 111),

APPLETON CHWai. ^,\'i^.

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 3 1

four suites of double rooms, each suite extending from the front to the rear
of the building. It was the latest built of the four oldest dormitories in the
yard, and for fifty years was chiefly reserved for members of the senior class.
The rooms will always be very desirable, for in addition to the good reputa-
tion the building has always maintained, they have a southern exposure and a
charming prospect over the quadrangle. The Prince of Wales and Duke
Alexis were shown rooms of this building as specimens of students' quarters.
On the steps of the centre hallway the Navy Club used to form its processions
and hold its levees. The slate first used on the roof of this hall was about an
inch thick, and was, probably, the first quarried in this country ; the War of
1812 preventing the importation of the slate that was needed.

The next building, which forms at a right angle with Holworthy Hall (13)
the northwestern corner of the quadrangle, is —

14. Stoughton Hall. The first hall of this name, erected by William
Stoughton (class of 1650), in 1700, at a cost of £1,000 Massachusetts cur-
rency, was a small brick building containing sixteen rooms, and stood at a
right angle with Harvard Hall (2) at its southeastern extremity. In 1775 the
^*ovincial Congress took possession of the building, and then 240 revolution-
ary soldiers were quartered there, while the " New England Chronicle and
Essex Gazette '* was printed in one of the rooms. The present Stoughton
Hall is a four-story brick building, in the plain but substantial style char-
acteristic of our New England fathers, and was completed in 1805 at a cost
of nearly $24,000, of which sum $18,600 was derived from a lottery, and the
remainder from the general college fund. The interior has been somewhat
altered, and now contains thirty-two rooms. On the closet door panels of
room 25 there are four oil paintings, comprising an owl, a frog, a gull, and a
turtle, the work of W. S. Haseltine (class of 1854), while a student. About
1815 there was, in room 3, the reading room of the college, and in this build-
ing the annual auctions of second-hand books were held by the students, the
proceeds going to the poor scholars.

For about twenty-five years the Hasty Pudding Club had rooms in the
upper story of the north division of this building.

Among the occupants of Stoughton who have since distinguished themselves
might be mentioned, Alexander H. Everett, Minister to Spain (room 25);
Judge Preble of Maine, Minister to the Hague (room 15) ; Edward Everett
(room 23^; Josiah Quincy (room 3)*, the Imxi >ato\)tkfix^ '^^■^ii^iKA^ V:t^»s^v«C^^

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Calub Cusbing (room 26); Horatio Grcenoiigh (room 2); C, C. Feltoii (tMB
31); G. S. Uillard (room Iti); Cliarlca Sumner (room 12); G. T. Bigdu'
(room 27) ; Oliver Wendell Uoliiiis (room 31) ; C. T. Brooks (room 18); 1.
K. Ilonr (room 25); Edwanl E. Haiu (room 22).

Soiilliwust of the southern extremity of Stoughton Hall (14) is-

IS. Holdeu Chapel, one of the oldent of Wn: eoUi-ge buildings.. Id IT4t
the wife anil <lau^lit<;i's of Sauiui;! Holden — a member of parliament, goTemn
of the Uankuf Kngknd.und regarded as the bead of the English DiMuntov —
bestowed upon the col-
lego £400 to iiupply a
needed cluipel- This was
completed in 1744, and
named after the donors.

With the u.xception of
the removal of a poreb
that fiiecd the Common,
and the eutting of a
door in what was Iben
the rear, the ehajiel pre-
serves its original out-
ward appearnnt-e.

After twenty- five years'
occupancy tor chapel
purposes it was trans-
ferred to tlio medical department, to bo iifed conjointly by it, the professor ot
chemistry, and the college carpenter.

Ai>out 1825 the present peeond story was inserted, and each of the two
floors divided into two apartment?. On ihe lower floor were the chemical
laboratory and lecture room, and in the upper floor an anatomical tnuaemn
and lecture room that was occasionally n,«ed by Dr. Warren in his lectures on
anatomy. Since 1858 the partitions of each floor have been removed; sad
the upper floor was fltted up in 1870 for tlie Everett Athenteum. Afterwards,
the society gave up its room, and now the upper floor is used by the profe^
sors of fine arts and elocution, and the lower by the professor of French, sim]

The ha'M'iDg eoatb ol Stoughton (14), aa4 on a\iiic Wiii\\,» —

HOLWOHTHY HALL (13).

HOLYOKE HOUSE ^.^^V

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, 33

16. Hollis Hall. This four-story brick dormitory, containing thirty-two
rooms, is the model on which Stoughton Hall was built, and commemorates the
name of an English family that for a period of more than eighty years bestowed
generous benefactions upon the college. The first of the family that became
a benefactor of the college was Thomas Hollis, a merchant of London. The
building was erected in 1763, with funds, amounting to £3,000, appropri-
ated by the General Court of Massachusetts. In 1 768 it was struck by light-
ning, and in 1775, when the Provincial Congress took possession of the college
buildings, the students were compelled to vacate their rooms in Hollis. At an
early period room 8 was occupied by a genial fellow who is said to have kept
his table constantly spread with eatables and drinkables, to which his friends
were heartily welcome at all times. This old building has been the home of nu-
merous college societies, and among them were the Harvard Washington Corps;
the "Med. Fac." (room 13), one of the most ingeniously organized plots for
fun that has been conceived of; and the ** Enginaj Societas." The cause of
the dissolution of the latter was the drenching of room 7, occupied by a pro-
fessor, just after the engine had returned from service at a fire. In 1792
the stately elm known as *' rebellion tree" was planted in the quadrangle
in front of the south entrance of Hollis. This tree derives its name from the
fact that in the earlier days turbulent and unruly collegians were wont to
assemble around it to give vent to their indignation at some seemingly un-
just regulation.

Hollis, as well as its neighbors, has had catalogued in its rooms many dis-
tinguished men, and some of these were: Edward Everett (rooms 20 and 24);
W. H. Prescott (rooms 6 and 11); Ralph Waldo Emerson (rooms 5, 15, and
20); Charles Francis Adams (room 15); Charles Sumner (room 17); Wen-
dell Phillips (rooms 18, 16, and 11); H. D. Thoreau (rooms 20, 32, 31, and
23); B. R. Curtis (room 22).

Passing out of the gate at which the college yard was entered, and turning
to the north, we have the Common, with the flag-staff, on the left, and on the
right —

17. Class Day Tree, that stretches out its mighty limbs in the area inclosed
by Ilolden Chapel, Harvard and Hollis halls. Ever since 1760 there are
records of class day exercises, with occasional omissions. From its inception
Class Day has been a day of festivity, and recollections of it, no doubt, cling
to the participators throughout their IVLelVoi^. T\i<^ xjiVoaS. ^-il^^^sss^*^ ^ "^^^

34 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

present time, considerably varied from those of former years, are familiar to
all. We intend merely to call attention to the ti'ce, sometimes called Liberty
Tree, being the name transferred from a tree that once stood south of Har-
vard Hall, around which the students clustered in 1760 to oppose the tutors,
who had put restrictions upon absences from prayers and recitations. From
1815 the closing exercises of Class Day have been held around this tree.
Lowell writes as follows : " Long before five o'clock every inch of vantage
ground whence even a glimpse at this frenzy of muscular sentiment may be
hoped for has been taken up. The trees are garlanded with wriggling boys,
who here apply the skill won by long practice in neighboring orchards and
gardens, while every post becomes the pedestal of an unsteady group. In the
street, a huddled drove of cjirriajjes bristle with more luxurious jjazers. The
senior class are distinguished by the various shapes of eccentric ruin dis-
played in their hats, as if the wildest nightmares of the maddest of hatters
had suddenly taken form and substance. First, the seniors whirl hand in
hand about the tree with the energy of excitement gathered through the
day ; class after class is taken in, till all college is swaying in the unwieldy
ring, which at last breaks to pieces of its own weight. Then comes the
frantic leaping and strugorling for a bit of the wreath of flowers that cir-
cles the tree at a fairly difficult height. Here trained muscle tells ; but some-
times mere agility and lightness, which know how to climb on others' shoul-
ders, win the richest trophy. This contest is perhaps the most striking single
analogy between the life of college and that of the larger world which is to
follow it. Each secures his memorial leaf or blossom, many to forget ere
long its special significance ; some, of less changeful temper or less prosperous
lives, to treasure it as a link that binds them inseparably with youth and
happy days.*'

At the head of the street stands the —

18. Holmes House, an old gambrel-roofed house, situated between Kirk-
land Street and North Avenue. It is claimed that more than 150 years have
rolled by since the building was placed upon its foundation, and that within
its walls many schemes for revolutionary battles were formed. The first known
proprietor of the house was Jabez Fox, a tailor of Boston, from whom it
passed to Jonathan Hastings,' a farmer. This Hastings is said to have orig-
inated the word *' Yankee," which he constantly used to express excellence.
A second Jonathiin Hastings (class oi 17^0^, lot «b\ow%\Amft ^^<i^^ %\j^^«sd^

STOOGHTON HALL (14)

HOLLIS Hfilil, (JS),

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

occupied the hou?e when it gatned its pHramount importance In 17TS the
comnuttve of safet) wtre quaitered here where they planned the orgaoiza
liOD of an army that had been created by the Frovineial CoDgreBS. In this
house It IS isserted Benedict Arnold .is captain reporled with a company
from Connecticut and proposed to make the atttnipt on PiLonderoga Here
also Arnol I was commissioned colonel by the coinmiitee of safety and or
ilered to seize the strongliolds on the lakes General Artemaa Ward is enu-
merated among the many noted QccupanCs Xht honor of having furnished
fl ashington with temporary
head quarters i<> also claimed
for it, and Driko sujs it
was no doubt, in tins house
that Washington penned his
first official diapatch Aft

cr the war came Eliphalet
Pearson, professor of Hebrew
and Oriental languages.
Judge Oliver Wendell bought
llie estate, and from him it
passed to his son-in-law, the
Rev. Abiel Holmes, author of
"American Annals" and
Hoimx Hon.. (18), father of Oliver Wendell

Holmes. From this family
comes the name by which the place is now known. In this houf^e the lines
to " Old Ironsides " were written. The property now belongs to the college,
and the house is the residence of Professor James B. Thayer of the Law
School.

West of Holmes House (18), between Kirkland Street and North Avenuet
stands —

19. Thayer Commons Hall, In 18S4 Nathaniel Thayer gave 81,000 to
aid in providing ft place where students could obtain a sufficient quantity of
wholesome and nutritious food at cost. In the following year a part of an
old railroad station-house, that had been bought by the college, was converted
into a kitchen and dining room, in charge o£ the suntmum bonum, i,. «.," Qv»*^
Ooody," a« the chief of the bedmakera is called \ty WvAft^Vs. Ttt»\vw!.\.t«s«'

3$ HARVAKD UNIVERSITY

of the building iwcommcHlated fifty persons, and wan suitably furnished \ff
means of the nion.7 given by Mr. Thayer. In 1866 the rear room wu
added, whicli afforded Bc'coinmodations for the same number ae the froDt
room. Then Mr. Thajer, on being informed of the crowded stale of the
commons, determined th»t a larger dining room should be built, and there-
upon raised S7,000 by subscriptions, of wliich sum he personally Bubscribed
$5,000. This addition was completed in 1S67, and at that time the kitchen
was enlarged, the cellar arrangements increased, and new apparatus and ap-
purtenances purchased. A commitieu of ibu colti'ge faculty (Lupervised lbs
DS, but the immediate control was left to a club formed by the Blu-

dents, who chose a steward and executive officers. In 1874 the Thayer Club,

as it was called, did not have suflicivnt room to accommodale all applicants,
and consequently a new plan was suggeslcil by which the corporation was W
select the steward for the commons, and provide room for it in the spacious
dining hall of Memorial Hall. This plan met with general approbation, and
shortly afterwards went into effect. It was thus that, from the club of fitly
students having commons in the " railroad station," (he Memorial Hall Dining
Association has resulted, which embraces a membership of about 600 persons.
At present the house is used as a dwelling.
^ East o£ the Holmes estate, on the north BvAe o^ T&Mtiaivi %w«sA..'a —

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, 37

19 a. The OymnaBinm. Owing to the recent increased interest mani-
fested in athletic sports, the old Gymnasium on the corner of Broadway and
Cambridge Streets was found totally inadequate to the wants of the students,
and President Eliot, in his annual reports, repeatedly recommended the erec-
tion of a new and more commodious building. In 1878, Augustus Hemen-
way of Boston (class of 1875) generously offered to furnish the sum neces-
sary for the constniction of a suitable building, and the result is seen in this
handsome and imposing edifice, erected in 1879, under the supervision of
the Boston architects, Peabody and Stearns, at a cost of $100,000.

The building, which is of brick with sandstone trimming, covers an area
of 14,000 feet, and is undoubtedly the handsomest and most commodious
structure of the kind in the country. It is provided with two large entrances.
The principal one, on Kirkland Street, consists of a spacious porch, a vestibule
with vaulted brick ceiling, and an entrance hall, from which access is had
to the main hall, to the director's office, and to the second story. The other
enti'ance, on the west side of the building, leads directly into the main hall
through a semicircular vestibule, which is used as an armoiy. The main
hall is 52 feet in height beneath the ridge, 119 feet long, and varies from 63
to 80 feet in width. It is amply supplied with all the apparatus necessary
for a thorough athletic training. A running gallery, 18 feet wide, passes
completely around the hall. East of the main hall is the dressing room,
and adjoining this are three bathing rooms.

The second story, which is also reached by a stairway from the main hall,
contains a handsomely finished meeting room for the HaiTard Athletic
Association, a fencing room, two janitor's rooms, and a room 18 by 78 feet
for hydraulic rowing weights, — all sheathed in hard wood from floor to
ceiling. In the basement is a large bowling-room, 83 by 84 feet, containing
nine alleys ; a room 83 by 30 feet, with hard-packed gi-avel floor, for base-
ball practice ; and a boiler room. The rest of the space is occupied with
coal-bins, store-rooms, water-closets, etc.

Besides those who daily attend the Gymnasium for exercise, the ** Harvard
Rifle Corps *' drills there regularly twice a week ; and a sparring, wrestUng,
and gymnastic tournament for prizes is also held there annually by the
Harvard Athletic Association, — an association of students connected with
the University.

Next to the Gymnasium stands the —

38 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

20. lAirrenoe SolentiSa School, » Ihree-stoiy and baaemeot brick build-
ing, with a two-story and baseTnent brick L, ere:;ted in 164S, at a cost of
(25,000, wbiub was one half tbe first dunation of AblwCt Lawrence of Bos-
ton. It is but the Qast wing of tbe projected building. On th^ first floor is a
thoroughly equipped general pbysical laboratory, and in the L, a apeuial one for
light and heat, and also a chemical laboi'atory. The library, model room, and
recitation rooms of the engineering department occupy the second floor. Th<:
tiiird floor is devoted to the departments of surveying, mechanical and free-
haiul drawing. The growth of the scienti&c department of tbe university
bas been so rapid, and developed from so small a beginning, that, although it
embraces but a period oC thirty years, it would be itnpractiuahle in a work of
tills class to trace the rarious Hues o£ its progress. When first organized it
was the only school o£ ihe kind in this country that was connected with a col-
legiate course oE instruction. On the farther side of Holmes Field (28), and
fronting on Jarvls Street, is the former —

21. Zoological Hall, now Soolety Hall. This insignificant-looking

structure, originally located
just west of the Lawrence
Sc ent lie School (20), shows
bow rapidly the scientific
department has developed,
for when erected in 1849,
It sufficed to hold on the
second floor Agassiz's val-
uable collections, and to ac-
- commodate on the first floor
ig branch, with

and drawing rooms, besidei
containing all the apparatus
(consisting solely of a set of
•urveyor'a instruments). Afterwards the engineering department was re-
moved, and for ten years this building was the nucleus for the material that
comprises the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Later it was moved to
Divinity Avenue and changed into a dormitory for students connected with
tbe museum. In 1876 the building was temoNe4 vo 'ua -^tbwsox. ^sKa&mL »s&

Sccllly Hill

SEV£B HALL (10^

THE NEW QTMNfc.S\UU. l^'io'V

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 39

the interior adapted to the uses of societies. It is now occupied by the Hasty
Pudding Society, the Institute of 1770, the Glee Club, and the Pierian So-
dality.

Continuing eastward on Kirkland Street, we come to the north side of —

22. Memorial Hall, which includes the Dining Hall, the Memorial
Transept, and the Sanders Theatre.

For this most magnificent and iniposing edifice the university is indebted
to the munificence of her sons. At the close of the late civil war there was
a feeling among the graduates that a memorial should be erected to those
students and graduates of the college who had served in the army or navy in
defense of the Union and Constitution ; and when, on Commencement Day
in 1865, the project was laid before the association of the alumni, it was sub-
mitted to a committee of fifty, with full power to act on the subject.

This committee, after the designs of several distinguished architects had
been considered, voted that a ** Memorial Hall'* be erected, and Messrs.
Ware and Van Brunt be employed as architects. The plan proposed by them
was approved as *' a suitable monument in commemoration of the sons of
Harvard who periled and laid down their lives to preserve us as a nation, a
hall for the meetings of the alumni and their festal entertainments, and a
theatre or auditorium for the celebration of the literary festivals of the college."

In short, the necessary sub-committees were formed, and an active canvass
for subscriptions was begun. On the 6th of October, 1870 the corner-stone
was laid with befitting ceremonies, and at Commencement in 1874 the Dining
Hall and Memorial Transept were ready for occupancy, but the Theatre was
not completed until the year 1876. The cost of the whole building was about
$500,000. The extreme dimensions of the building are 310 feet in length, and
115 feet in width, with the longer axis running east and west. The exterior is
built of brick with ornamental trimmings of Nova Scotia buff sandstone, and
one of its main features is the memorial tower, 200 feet high and about 35 feet
square, which rises over the centre of the transept. The building is composed
of three grand divisions, the central division or transept being the Memorial
Hall proper, which forms a monumental vestibule to the other two divisions, —
that extending westward, the nave or dining hall; and that on the east being
the Sanders Theatre, so called as a tribute to the memory of Charles Sanders,
a generous friend of the college, whose bequ^ist ^«ia t\w\\ft.<i vcAa lVk\% ^AaxnsnaU
The transept fronts contain the main enlraiic^a \.o \\i'ft\svs^^vo^^'» <ijii^\tf»»!^'*'

HARVARD UNIVERSITV

nido arched doorwtiy in a carvud stone screen containing niclies, and crowneil
villi an open parapet; over tbu parnpct on each front ia a large stone tracprj
window filled with stained glass, wliUu tlie gables above bear dedicatory in-
U'riptions. As one entera
by either doorway, he finda
himself in Memorial Ball
proper, which is 113 feet
lonfT and 30 feet wide. The
flour on wIiiLh he tresda li
a marble pavement, while
abote limi, at a height of
G8 f(.i.t, IS a vauluog of
brown a^li The walla are
fitiisliid to the hi;ight of 18
f ei t with a carved \Aa/Jk. wal-
nut ELreen in the form of an
anade, the arches, 88 in
numlHir conlaineachamar
blc tablet suniiounted by a
moaaiL or inlay of marUe,
OQ these tablets are inscribed
the names, claaGifitd by col-
lege departments, of the
graduates or students of die
lersity who fell ,in the

kte I

vii

with the

date and place of death of
thosewhodiedinbattle. On
the right, at either end, it a
staircase leading to the thea-
tre, a building 100 feet in
Mamonii Hill Trineopt. dianicter. It resembles the

classic theatre in plan, the polygonal side containing grades of seats and galle-
ries facing a broad rocessed stage. The roof \i of open timber, 76 feet h^b
from the arena to the apex, without columns. The sea.t,a accommodale about
l,S0O persona. Upon the extetioroi tlia tlieatte,'iviit54»ifcftiaTraiin™v«»

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

strong sculptured heads of representative orators, — ^ Demosthenes, Cicero, St.
Chrysostoni, Bossuet, Chatham, Burke, and Webster. We leave the theatre.
The dining hall, which bears a general resemblance to the halls of the Eng-
lish colleges, though surpassing them in size, is entered by a door in the
centre of th§ west side of the vestibule. Its interior tlimensions are 60 feet
in width, 1G4 feet in length, and 80 feet in height to the apex of the roof; and
at each end is a carved screen and gallery. The walls are faced with red
and black brick-work, with belts of tiles. A space of 22 feet between the
floor and side windows is occupied by a wooden wainscoting, against which
are placed the busts and portraits belonging to the university (descriptive
cards can be had in the hall). At the west end is a great window, 25 by 30
feet, filled with stained glass, in which are emblazoned the arms of the col-
lege, of the State, and of the United States. Over a thousand persons can
be accommodated at the tables. An elegant case containing the trophies of
the University Base Ball Club is in the auditor's ofHce on the main floor.

The large basement is used for the steward's and other offices, kitchen,
boiler room, and other purposes. The gallery at the east end of the dining
hall is free to visitors, even at meal times. The hall is open every week day,
but in vacation only between the hours of 9 and 12 A. m. and 2 and 4 p. m.

A short distance east of Memorial Hall, on the north side of Kirkland
Street, is the delightful Divinity Avenue, and passing along the lovely shaded
walk, we soon reach, on the east side —

23. Divinity Hall, a plain two-story brick building, with a three-story brick
wing on each side, built, in 1826, under the auspices of the Society for the
Promotion of Tlieological Education in Harvard University. This society
had raised a sum of nearly $20,000, by contributions from friends of the school,
for the purchase of land and the erection of a building. Besides thirty-seven
chambers for the accommodation of students (each chamber being furnished
with a small bedroom), the hall contains a chapel, a large lecture room, a
reading room, and a library of about 17,000 volumes. In 1869 the Divinity
Boarding Club was established by contributions, amounting to S2,000, towards
thi«« object, and towards defraying the cost of board for indigent students.

Candidates for the ministry have sought instructtion at the college ever since
its foundation, but it was not until the year 1817 that a distinct department
was established. Jn this noble movement I^pes\d^Tv\.^\\:V\'ai\v\v&^'^V^
been the guiding power. A noticeable charaiiXfeTOtVi ol >iVi^ ^nv»x-^ ^^Sorf^ >a*

42 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

that it requires neither professors nor students to subscribe to any creed, and
has always aimed to promote Biblical learning and unsectarian Christian
doctrine. The new building almost opposite is the —

24. Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and ZSthnology,
founded, in 1866, by George Peabody of London, whose total gift was
^150,000, of which J$60,000 were to be invested as a building fund, and
^90,000 appropriated to the formation and care of collections having special
reference to American archaeology and ethnology, and for the foundation of
a professorship. The trustees of the fund at once secured temporary quarters
for the nmseum in Boylston Hall (7), and obtained by gift and purchase
several valuable collections, including those of Mortillet, Clement, Claus,
Rose, and Nicolucci, containing many thousand specimens illustrative of the
pre-historic times of Switzerland, Italy, Fiance, and Northern Europe.
Also the famous Squier collection of Peruvian crania, and the equally
important gift of ancient Mexican pottery from Caleb Cushing. The late
Jeffries Wyman, curator of the museum until 1874, made extensive re-
searches in the shell heaps of the Atlantic coast, and in many ways added
largely to the museum. The archaeological and ethnological collections made
by the late Professor Agassiz, and accumulated at the Zoological Museum,
were given to the Peabody Museum, as were also those belonging to the
Boston Society of Natural History, the Boston Athenaeum, the Massachu-
setts Historical Society, and the Boston IVIarine Society. A valuable series
of ancient vases from Etruria was presented by Signor Castellani, and many
thousand specimens have been received from various other sources. Of the
later additions, mention should be made of the extensive collection from
Peru presented by Alexander Agassiz, the implements found in the glacial
drift in New Jersey, given by Dr. C. C. Abbott of Trenton, and a valuable
general collection from Clarence B. Moore (class of 1873).

Extensive explorations have been made in various parts of America, par-
ticularly under the direction of the present curator, from which an immense
amount of valuable material has been derived, forming large and complete
collections from the ancient mounds and graves in Tennessee and adjoining
States, as well as large collections from Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, California,
Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Mexico, and Central America. The. additions
made durin;^ the past four years, and the au:v.heuticity of the material,
probably make the museum the most \mp0Y\3aw\, Vm >i\i^ c.w»x\x^ Vyt ""OftSk -^x^^Ss.^

LAWKENCB SCIBNTIPIC SCHOOL (20).

DIVINITY aALL m\

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 43

of American archaeology. In 1876, the building fund having reached several
thousand dollars more than the $100,000 limited by Mr. Peabody, the present
structure was begun, and was completed in October, 1877, with the exception
of its cases and furniture, at a cost that has left intact the whole of the
original building fund. The part now completed, which is but the front
section or one fifth of the proposed building, contains six rooms, 30 by 40
feet inside, four of which are provided with galleries. There are also large
basement rooms 11 feet high. A wide hall divides the building into north
and south sides. The interior will be elaborately cased to hold the speci-
mens ; and as soon as these are arranged the building will be opened to the
students and the public. When fully arranged, the Peabody Museum will
be one of the most interesting features of the University. It will occupy
the southern wing of the projected museum building, described hereafter,
while the northern wing, which is the building about 230 feet north, is
occupied by the —

25. Museum of Comparative Zoology, founded in 1859, and transferred
to Harvard College in 1876. The collections which Agassiz accumulated in
the little wooden Zoological Hall (21) formed the nucleus of this institution,
while the bequest of $50,000, made, in 1858, by Francis C. Gray of Boston, '
established it on a permanent basis. In 1859 the state made a grant of $100,000,
which was followed by private subscriptions to the amount of $71,125. In
1865 Nathaniel Thayer provided the funds for an expedition by Agassiz,
with six assistants, to Brazil, and through the liberality of Alexander McLane,
president of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, the party was made to
consist of sixteen persons.

In 1872 the United States Coast Survey and private subscriptions of over
817,000 furnished the means for what is known as the ** Hassler Expedition,"
from Boston to San Francisco, by way of the Magellan Straits. The expe-
dition, which was in charge of Agassiz, resulted in an extensive addition to
the museum.

In 1868 the state granted to the museum an additional $75,000, payable in
three annual instalments, on condition that a like sum should be given by in-
dividuals. Down to the year 1873 about $500,000 had been secured from vari-
ous sources, including sotne quite small contributions. Since that time the
principal sum that has been received is that known as the *' Agassiz Memorial
Fund," which amounted to $310,673, and was ^e\vfeto\v&\^ %.\3Jo'sa-c'^c«.\ \r> vl^c^s^t

44 HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

plete the museum, as the most fitting memorial of the great scientist. The col-
lections have been gathered by purchase and donation from all parts of the world.

Of the building — 206 by 65 feet — now erected, the east half was com-
pleted in 1859 and the middle portion in 1871. There are two stories, each
2'lh feet high, and a basement and attic each 11 feet high. The two stories
have galleries, some of which are at present floored over, to provide ad-
ditional space.

On the first floor, the so-called synoptic room is the only one used for
exhibitions, and is intended to show, by a few well-selected objects, the whole
range of the animal kingdom. All the other rooms on this floor, with one
exception, are for lectures and laboratories. The excepted room is devoted
to the assistants of the museum in the departments of mammals, birds, and
mollusks.

The galleries of this story have been floored over, except in the synoptic
room, and are used for the library, which contains 12,000 volumes and 5,000
pamphlets, and for private work rooms, and offices of the curator, keeper,
and professors of zoology, geology, and paleontology ; two rooms of this floor
are used for the collections of entomology and the assistants in charge of them.

On the second floor is a large centre room, containing a systematic collec-
tion of mammals. To the east of it are four rooms, in the first of which are
the collections of radiates : the main floor cases hold the corals, and the mid-
dle cases fossil crinoids, while in the gallery is the collection of echinoderms
and sponges. The hydroid and alcyonoid polyps are not yet arranged. The
room north of this contains the systematic collection of birds on the main
floor, and of reptiles and amphibia in the gallery. In the middle of the room
stands a fine specimen of the extinct Irish elk. The southeast room contains
the display of mollusks. The northeast room has a collection of fishes on
the main floor, and of Crustacea in the gallery. The rooms west of the large
one are to illustrate the fauna of North and South America. On the south
side is the North American room, having mammals and birds on the main
floor, and reptiles, fishes, and invertebrates in the gallery. On the north side
is the South American room, containing the South American fauna on the
main floor, and the Australian fauna in the gallery. The room west of the
North American room is intended for the fauna of Europe and Asia, and
that west of the South American room for the fauna of Africa. The attic
and cellar are used for storage.

THE PEABODY MUSEUM (34).

TSS MUSEUM O? COliPAaATlTS TCfol-O'il 'SbV

AND ITS SURROUNDmGS.

26. The Fiojected MoBeoin. It baa alreadj' been stated tliat the com-
pleted sections of the Museum of Comparative Zodlogj- and Peabody Mu-
Benm of American Archeeology and Ethnology are but parts of one grand
rauseum that is rapidly progressing. Below wi: give tlie gronnd plan of the
projected buildings, tbe main portion of nhich will be S80 by 65 feet;
the Boutb wing, 206 bj 85 feet, Divinih Aybiqb.

and the north wing, 206 bv GS feet
The entire gtrueture will liav.^ two
lofty stories (with galleries) bast
ment, and Mansard roof, and will
be conatructed fire-proof The thick
ne«a of the exterior walls, which are
double, ifl as follows, viz basement, j
38 inches; first storj, 24 inches,
second story, 20 inches, and Man
Bard roof, IG inches. All partitinn
walls are of brick, with plaster at
tached directly to it In the south
wing the floor joists are six by twelve
inches, five feet apart, and floored

over wilh three-inch plant*, covered ~ '

above and below with plaster one inch thick, in the north wing some parts
of the floors arc upon iron beims aRhed with brick A brick Mansanl
roof will replace the wooden one of the north wing as soon as the pi\>
posed enlargement will furni'-h room for the excess of materials in the present
bnilding. Through the kindness of Robert M Slack of Boston, the archi-
tect of the museum, we are enabled lo present the elevation of the exten-
sion, which was commenced during the spring of 1878, and, fronting on
. the east side of Oxford Street, form the northwestern corner of the museum
when completed.

The estimated cost of the entire buildings is about three quarters of a mill-
ion dollars. The Museum of Zoology and the Peabodj Museum of American
Archieology are distinct trusts, though both belong lo Harvard Universally.
The management of the Peabody Museum is in the hands of a distinct board
of trustees, although the building and the collections therein belong to the
"Treaident and Fellows of Harvard College."

•f<-

LLJi — U — U_U

Oi([>Td Strut.

46 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

West of the muBeum property is —

27. Jarvia Field, « plot of ground reserved by the college for athletic
tiportB, but espL-ciall/ for the University Base Ball Club, which has earned ao

enviable record aa an amateur club. The following ia a sketeh of ite his-

No organization for the practice of base ball existed at Harvard until De-
cember, 1S62, when Frank Wright and George A. Flagg, 'G6, then members
of the freshman cla^s, organized a class nine. In the spring of 1BG3 the Ca,m-
bridge cit/ government granted the U8U of part of the Common near the

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. , 47

Washington Elm for practice ground, and this was used until the spring of
1864. The first recorded match was played at Providence, R. I., June 27,
1863, between Harvard '66 and Brown '65, and resulted in a victory for the
Harvard freshmen by a score of 27 to 17.

In the fall of 1863 the incoming freshmen followed the example of the soph-
omores, and organized a class nine. A hard-earned victory of '66 over '67
showed the advisability of a union of the best players from the various classes,
and on October 12, 1864, the University Club was formed. The old ground
on the Common was given up, and the '* Delta," now partially covered by
Memorial Hall, was t^ken possession of by permission of the college faculty.
In the spring of 1865 the University Nine was determined upon, and its first
game was played in June, with the Trimountain Club of Boston, on the Fair
Grounds at the South End, resulting in a victory for the University, 59 to 32.
In .September, 1864, John A. Lowell of Boston had presented a silver ball
to the ball clubs of New England as an emblem of championship. The
]jO#ell Club held it at this time, and considered Harvard their only formida-
ble rival to the title of champion. July 15, 1865, the first of the series of
garnet between this club and Harvard took place on Boston Common for this
trophy, and was won by Harvard scoring 28 to 17. These contests continued
until June 1, 1867, when the last game for the silver ball was played between
these two clubs at Medford. It was one of the last ** free entrance " games,
and the attendance was immense. Harvard was successful. Score, 39 to 28.

In 1867 the nine changed its bases to Jarvis Field, which had been given to
the college for athletic sports in exchange for the Delta. The ground was laid
dat with the home plate about two hundred feet from Oxford Street, midway
between Everett and Jarvis streets, the line from home base to second base
ronninor a little north of west. A convenient house was erected one hundred
feet behind the home base, where the members of the nine and cricket play-
ers kept their bats, balls, etc., besides having lockers for their uniforms, wash-
bowls, and other conveniences. Seats were built in a semicircle, beginning
at both ends of the club-house, and extending about two hundred feet in the
direction of third and first bases.

The first match game was played on Jarvis Field between the old rivals.
Harvard and Lowell, May 24, 1867. Five thousand per.'^ons, including many
ladies, were present. Dr. J. T. Harris presented the Harvard nine with an
elegant ^oJd and silver mounted bat at the close oi \^e ^^\sx^^^\^^ t^^^S^^j^^

48 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

as follows : Harvard, 32 ; Lowell, 26. June 24, 18G8, the first inter-collegiate
match took place on Jarvis Field, Har\'ard and Princeton being the contest-
ants. The game was closely contested, as the score (17 to 16 in Harvard's
favor) will testify.

A coiTespondence with Yale had been going on all this spring (1868).
(The class nine of '66 had challenged Yale in 1863, but at that time the latter
had not learned the game.) Finally it was arranged to play in Worcester on
the morning of the regatta, July 24, 1868, but it was postponed until the fol-
lowing day on account of bad weather. Harvard won, with a score of 25
to 17.

In 1869 the most remarkable victory, up to this time, gained by Harvard,
was from the Dartmouth College nine, 38 to 0; also, a creditable victory was
won from the professional Athletics of Philadelphia. A victorious game was
played with the Lowell Club, for. the benefit of the boat club, at the close of
the season. Score, 36 to 24.

The following year, 1870, stands as the most brilliant in the history of the
nine, and established the reputation of Harvard in this branch of athletics.
Under the captaincy of Archibald McClure Bush, the nine played forty-four
games, and won thirty-four of them. But one game was lost to an amateur
club, and the victories included many from professional nines. A trip made
through New York state, the South, and West, during the months of July and
August, will account for twenty-six of these games, as it would have been
impossible to play so large a number during the college term.

The year 1871 shows no such imposing list of games and victories as the
previous year did ; yet the nine retained its preeminence in amateur contests,
and won a noteworthy victory from the professional Haymaker Club, by a
score of 15 to 8. A great loss was sustained by the graduation of Bush,
Wells, Reynolds, and Austin.

The following year, 1872, the annual match with Yale was superseded by a
series of games — the best two in three. Harvard won in the first two con-
tests, and repeated her success in 1873, making a total of eight victories within
five years for Harvard over Yale without a single defeat. The Boston pro-
fessionals lost their first game with an amateur club when they played against
Harvard.

The years, 1874 and 1875, compared with previous ones, show poorly. In both,
games with Yale were lost, and ixx t\ie ioTtnst '?ivt\<i^\.ati \.N?vs,<i dtti^ated the

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 49

nine. In the year 1874 the corporation ordered the seats and club-house on
Jarvis Field to be taken down, as some of the residents on Everett Street
looked upon them as eyesores, and were much annoyed during the summer
by the noisy games of local nines. A law was also passed forbidding the nine
to play on Jarvis Field with any but college clubs. This naturally limited the
number of games in these two years. Permission was obtained to put up the
seats for the months of May and June, provided they were removed before
Commencement.

The years 1876-77 give us a more favorable showing. The disastrous defeats
of the two previous years had certainly dampened but not entirely quenched
base ball enthusiasm. In the fall of 1875, as soon as out-door practice was
given up, an encouraging number of aspirants for vacant positions began work
in the gymnasium. The spring season of 1876 opened auspiciously with the
strong professional Lowell Club,^ and Harvard scored her first victory. During
the season thirty-three games were played, and but nine lost. The college
championship was won, and the professional Boston Club a second time de-
feated. The midsummer vacation was employed by the college to grade
Jarvis Field, which was uneven and above the level of Everett and Jarvis
streets. But so slowly did the work progress that the nine was obliged to lay
out grounds and erect seats on Holmes Field in the rear of the Scientific
School, where all the practice and college games of 1877 were played. It
proved a cramped and decidedly uneven substitute, but nevertheless the nine
.> ^.peated the brilliant record of the previous year. The same number (thirty-
th/ee) of games was played, and only ten defeats suffered. Tlie most ex-
traordinary game on record was played with the Manchester Club, ending
in a tie, to 0, after twenty-four innings had been played.

The season of 1878 proved equally favorable for Harvard. Out of twenty-
nine games Harvard lost only six. In the struggle for the college champion-
ship she defeated Yale in three games out of five, thereby winning the
series. In 1879 she again won the college championship, but the general
result was less satisfactory, for out of a total of twenty-six games Harvard
lost thirteen.

Across Jarvis street, south of the Jarvis Field, is the —

28. Holmes Field, another plot of ground used for out-door exercise, but
generally devoted to foot ball. Therefore it is the field of the University
Foot Ball Association, which was founded m IST'i^ Wt» ^c>k \ya ^^^c^^saiioATvt

* TbJa Sb » club jhwn Lowell, Mass. ; not tiio 0T\^\tt\ljK^^^^,^*^'*«»'«=*^*

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

part in the college athletic sports until 1874. The association is chiefly sup-
ported by subscriptions of the students, and at present is in a flourishing
condition, while interest in the games appears to be increasing. That the
foot ball club has creditably sustained the reputation of the various Harvard
athletic associations can be seen from the following condensed record of
games, played under the Rugby rules, except the first game, which was under
the Harvard rules : —

No.

Date.

1874.

May 14.

May 16.

Oct. 23.

1876.

April.

Oct. 23.

Oct. 27.

Nov. 13.

1876.

May 8.

Oct. 28.

Oct. 30.

Nov 18.

1877.

April 28.

Oct. 23.

Oct. 26.

Nov. 3.

Nov. .5.

1878.

Nov. 9

Nov. 16.

Nov. 23.

Dec. 7.

Club.

McGill, Canada. Jarvis Field

McGill, Canada.
McGill, Canada.

Tufts

All Canada.
Tufts

Jarvis Field.
Canada

Medford . . . .

Canada

Jarvia Field.

Yale NewUaven...

All Canada Jarvis Field . . .

All Canada I Canada

McGill, Canada.
Yale

Canada ....
New Ilaven

Princeton i Holmes Field

Tufts i Boston

McGill, Canada I Boston . . . .

Princeton ^ New York .

Columbia New York.

Won bt Habtakd.

Amherst

Princeton ■

Yale

Uarv. Graduates

Boston

Holmes Field..

8 games.

Draw.

8 touch-downs.

2 goals and 2 touch-downs.

1 goal.

4 goals and 4 touch-downs.

1 goal.

2 goals and 3 touch-downs.
1 goal.

Scored 8 toueh-^oions.

1 goal and 1 touch-down.

3 goals.

1 goal and 4 touch-downs.

Scored 2 touch-downs.

6 goals and 9 touch-down-S.

3 goals and 8 touch-downs.

EasUy.

Lost bt
Habtabo.

Draw.
Igoal.

Igoal.

Princeton scored
1 touch-dotcn.

IgOftl.

1 tcnidi-down.
IgoaL

Total 20 games : 14 won, 5 lost, 1 drawn. Italics show score of games lost.

Now, returning to the east side of Memorial Hall, and passing along
Quincy Street, we reach —

29. The Old Gymnasium, an octagonal brick building, 74 feet in diam-
eter and 40 feet high. It was completed in 1860 at a cost of about $9,500,
including apparatus, — $8,000 of this sum having been given by a gradu-
ate who declined to make known his name. The building at present is
unoccupied, but will probably be made into a swimming bath.

THE BOAT HOUSE (30).

THE OLD GYUNf^TOM. ipSV

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 5 1

It is thought best to mention here —

30. The Boat House, since it is so closely allied in its objects with the
Gymnasium, yet separated from it in location. The house itself is of interest
chiefly from the fact that it is the head-quarters of the University Boat Club,
whose history ^ is as follows : —

In the fall of 1844 thirteen members of the junior class bought, for $85, the
** Oneida,** an eight-oared barge, thirty-seven feet long (the winning boat in a
mechanics' regatta at Chelsea), and organized the ** Oneida Boat Club " A
few weeks later, some seniors in like manner organized the ** Iris Boat Club."
The Oneida was kept in a shed just across the Brighton bridge ; the Iris was
moored in the stream. The two clubs adopted fancy uniforms, and built
dressing rooms on the wharf. A race soon took place, the course being from
a little below Brighton, down through the bridge, and the Oneida won. In
the spring of 1846 the clubs, then three in number, built a boat house a little
below the college coal wharf. Such was the beginning of boating at Harvard.

In those days there were no inter-collegiate races, with the consequent neces-
sity of training hard for the honor of the college ; and rowing was engaged in
for fun, pure and simple. All sorts of excursions were made. At one time
the Oneidas visited Hull, and took young ladies out in the boat ; at another
they were entertained by the midshipmen on board the frigate Cumberland,
in Boston Harbor ; and once they received the Boston clubs at the boat
house, which was decorated for the convivial occasion.

In 1852 a challenge was received from Yale. Harvard had no crew and
but one boat, the Oneida, then ten years old. Eight men were hastily selected,
who rowed together only three or four times, for fear of blistering their hands.
The race took place on Lake VVinnipiseogee, August 3, and the Oneida won,
receiving as a prize the black walnut oars now kept among the trophies of the
club. Another, race was rowed under similar circumstances, and with a
like result, at Springfield, July 21, 1855. The Oneida was kept till 1856, and
then sold to Dartmouth. Soon after she was washed over a dam and lost,
at the advanced age of fifteen years.

In 1855 the clubs, then five in number, resolved to have a boat built solely
for speed. Subscriptions from graduates were solicited, and in 1856 the boat
was obtained, — an eight-oared lap-streak, fifty-one feet long, no rudder, with
outriggers, and decked at each end with canvas. To receive the ** Harvard,'*

' FumlBhed by George L. Cheney, Mcietaxy ^ ^:tiAYL^.^.^«

$2 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

as she was called, a university boat house was built a short distance below
the former one.

The first six-oared shell in America was built for Harvard in 1857 by James
Mackay, at St. John. She was 40 feet long and 26 inches wide, ma<le of white
pine, weighed 150 pounds, and cost $200. With this shell spoon oars were in-
troduced ; and her crew was the first to train with any regularity. She was in
ten races, in eight of which she won the first prize, and in the other two, the
second. When broken up, in 1865, her fragments were eagerly sought by
relic-hunters.

In 1858 Harvard invited the other colleges to institute an annual inter-col-
legiate regatta. These regattas, with a break of three years during the war, and
with the changes in plan noted below, have extended from 1*859 to the present
year (1878). Down to 1870, however, Harvard rowed many more races
with various outside clubs than with other colleges. A sophomore race between
Yale and Harvard was rowed in 1864; and since then there have been frequent
sophomore, freshmen, or scientific school races in connection with those of
the university. The ** Harvard College Regatta,'* later known as the ** Class
Races,'' was instituted in 1865 ; in this, all college crews except the University
were to row annually for the Beacon cup, presented by the sophomore crew
of the class of '66, who had won it in the Beacon Regatta of 1864.

In 1865-66, as the honorable emoluments of rowing were now much in-
creased, the duties were made proportionally heavy. A regular system of
training was adopted. During the winter the crew took long runs in the
open air and long pulls in the gymnasium. A liberal and hearty diet was
prescribed for the whole year. English rowing manuals were carefully studied,
and the style of stroke changed accordingly. The result of this system was
that for five years (1866-70) Harvard carried off the university prizes at the
inter-collegiate regattas. In 1869 a four, with coxswain, was sent to England.
They met Oxford, August 27, on the Thames, and in a race from Putney to
Mortlake were beaten by six seconds.

The Harvard University Boat Club was formed in 1869; one year later the
present constitution was adopted. The old boat houses were then so dilap-
idated that during the winter the shell was stored in the cellar of Appleton
Chapel; so a new house was built (the middle one in the picture), and opened
in the spring of 1870. The vague system of inter-collegiate races was given a
de/Snite form by a meeting of delegates at ^i^t\w«^v\^ \tL K^t^^v^i\>^V^

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, 53

rormed the ** Rowinor Association of American Colleges." For a few years a
larger number of colleges entered the races, the highest number, thirteen,
beincT reached in 1875.

The ** Club System/' designed to supersede the Class Races, was started
in 1874, to render boating, at a moderate price, accessible to all. To the Har-
vard University Boat Club were joined four sub-clubs, open to all members of
the principal club, and to each sub-club was assigned a precinct in which its
members must reside. A new house (the one on the left in the picture) was
built, and Blakey, the boat-builder, undertook to provide boats and oars, and
keep everything in repair. As this system has not proved a perfect success, the
clubs are to be connected more closely with the Harvard University Boat Club,
whereby they will obtain an increase of facilities with a decrease of expenses.

An eight-oared, four-mile race was rowed in 1876, between Harvard and
Yale, which Yale won. In the same year Harvard rowed her last race in
the Association, which has since collapsed. In 1877 Harvard won eight-
oared races from both Columbia and Yale ; in 1878 and 1879 she was again
victorious in the eight-oared race with Yale. Harvard has taken part in
twenty-five races in which she met university crews, and has taken the first
prize in thirteen of these. She has met Yale twenty-one times, and defeated
her fifteen times.

The system of training is now more perfect than ever before. The crew
practice on the river through the whole college year, except from the last of
November to the first of March ; and during the winter months they row daily
on hydraulic machines and run several miles. They are constantly coached
by their captain or some famous Harvard oarsman, — professional trainers have
never been employed. The crew's diet is plain but liberal, and for a few
months before the race they have regular training fare. The annual expenses
of the club are about S2,500, most of which goes for the crew. The money
is raised by subscription among the undergraduates; occasional gifts, how-
ever, are re(;eived from graduates. The boat house was repaired and fitted
up by the college in 1876. In the upper story are lockers, a bath room, and a
sitting room ; in the lower story the boats are kept. The picture of the houses
was taken in the winter, when the floats and bridges were not down. The
building on the right is Blakey's boat-shop.

A paper shell was used in the races of 1877; and paper, as it is fbund to

he Btiffer and tougher, now seems likely to tak^ \\ift \\wi^ ^'l ^'^^^ \5jL\«si6sr
^m'/diojc:

54 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

A short distfince enet of Memorial Hall, on Cambridjire Street, is —

31. fFelton Building. Continuing Miuthnard on Quincy Street, ssTeral
residences occujiied by tbe profes^irs are paesed on the right, and at Na 11
Quincy Street we reach the —

32. PreBldent'a House, a neat two-9torj and Mansard roof brick dveljing
Bituated on Hn elevated position in the college yard, a short distance east
of Gore Hall (8). The money wliicl) piaid tor it was the gift of Peter C.
Brooks, who, in 1846, gave 810,000 for this purpose. Thia sum accumulated
until 1S60, wbcn it was more tlian rloublcd. Over the entrance is the college
seal. The first occupant was President Fclton, from whom it passed to
President Hill. At present it is occupied by President Eliot, who has resided
there since 186fl.

i side of Quincy Street, at the comer

: it was built, in 1823, by the family of
Chief Justice Dana, and occupied
[ by them until 1832. The house
I differs chiefly from its original ap-
I pearaoce in having a cupola, which,
'/ together with a revolving dome,
I was placed upon the roof for the
I accommodation of a reflecting tel-
I escope. The cupola was added in
J 1839, and was the initial step to-
J -wards an observatory at Harvard.
- (For the present Observatory see
I 49.) The house was occupied for

Cam House (33). W"ii ^""l afterwards by the Kev.F.

D. Huntington. For the past eight-
een years it has been the residence of Rev. A. P. Peabody, D. D., preacher
to the university.

On the diagonally opposite corner is —

34. fBeck Hall; and next this hall, on the east, is the —

35. fold Cambridge BaptiBt Cliiiicfa. Turning to the right into Har-
rard Street, on tie south side, oppoBite Gova V\a\\ t^") , ■«* ^a^** ''!o» —

Tl)e next house beyond, on the sa
of Harvard Street, is the —
33. Dana Hooae, so called becau

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. SS

36. t Bishop's Palace. A short distance bejond, at the southwest corner
of Holyoke Street, is —

37. Holyoke House, erected, in 1871, by the corporation, at a cost of
SI 20,000, as an investment. It is five stories high, including the Mansard
roof, is nearly 100 feet square, and is built of brick with freestone trimmings
in the Romanesque style. Upon the ground floor there are four conimodious
shops, three recitation rooms, and three suites of apartments. The building
contains forty-seven elegant suites of rooms that comprise a study, two bed-
rooms, bath room, and clothes closets. These are among the choicest rooms
in the college dormitories. The corridors are heated by steam apparatus,
while the rooms are provided with grates and marble mantles. The hallway
is lighted by a raised skylight in the centre of the building, and the stairway
is broad and easy to ascend. In addition to the two stairways, — one lead-
ing from the entrance on Harvard Street and the other (of iron) from the
entrance on Holyoke Street, — there are iron fire escapes attached to the
building. Although the rooms are quite high, special care was taken to secure
thorough ventilation. For the years 187b-V7 and 1877-78 every room wa«
rented, which fact shows the popularity of the building.

Adjoining Holyoke House on the west, and fronting on Harvard Street,
stands —

38. t Itittle's Block. Crossing Harvard Square, we arrive at —

39. College House. The first house of this nanfle was an ^' ugly, three-
story, brick-ended, wooden-fronted" building, that stood on the northern
part of the site of the present structure, near the corner of Church Street.
Although built for private use, it was occupied the greater part of the time
by students. It was familiarly known as the ** Den." The external and
internal appearance is said to have justified this name.

Edward Everett in 1852 wrote about the first College House as follows :
** I lived in it in my freshman year. Whence the name of * Wiswal's Den,'
I hardly dare say; there was something worse than *old fogy* about it. There
was a dismal tradition that, at some former period, it had been the scene of
murder. A brutal husband had dragged his wife by the hair up and down
stairs, and then killed her. On the anniversary of the murder — and what
day that was no one knew — there were sights and sounds — stridor ferri
tractceque cafence — enough to appal the strongest sophomore. But for my-
self I can truljr shy that I got through my ire^YmvObTi '^^^t ^\^'Js^\.VwvN"«^'«yB«!^
the ghost of Mr. IFiswal or his lamented \ady."

$6 HARVA/^D UNIVERSITY

South of the ** Den*' were the college carpenter shop and the college en-
gine house. In 1 774 the collejre purchased the property.

Where now stands the southern part of College House stood the second
College House, in which the law professor was accommodated fifty years ugo.
The third building of that name, also constructed of wood, was situated on the
southwest corner of Dunster and Harvard streets.

In 1846 the old buildings were taken down, and the present College Houpe
was erected. The Mansard roof was added in 1871. The rooms of this build-
ing are rented at low rates, and are chiefly occupied by students who depend
upon their exertions and economy to complete their course. It is styled the
"Grinder's Home " by some of the students, possibly owing to the indefati-
gable application of the occupants. The Society of Christian Brethren, organ-
ized in 1802, occupies room 24. The lower story is occupied by the post-
office, Charles River National Bank, a savings bank, and several stores.

We have now seen the university buildings in the immediate vicinity of
the college proper, and there remain yet to be seen in Cambridge the Bo-
tanic Garden (48) and the Astronomical Observatory (49), which are de-
scribed below, and will be met with in " A Walk through Cambridge" (see
page 63), under the numbers corresponding to those attached to the follow-
ing descriptions: —

48. Botanic Garden,^ founded in 1805, situated on the northwest corner of
Garden and Linnean streets. The land, about seven and a half acres, is said
to have been given by Mr. Craigie, and the funds for its formation and sup-
port were raised partly by subscription and partly by a grant from the state
of some wild lands in the District of Maine. The present institution was
completed, and indeed the current expenses met, with funds that were derived
from the state grant and private subscriptions.

As we enter from Garden Street, to the right is the garden proper, and to
the left a chain of buildings in the following order: the professor's house,
built in 1810, the herbarium, with a library, laboratory, and lecture room
attached, and the conservatory.

The herbarium, the finest in this country, is well worth the inspection of
visitors; the room containing the large and choice collection of specimens is
surrounded with a small gallery from which hang pictures of the most dis-
tinguished American and European botanists. On the north side of the room

' Id going to the BotaDW Garden or the AstrotiOimcaV 0)oft«;T^».Wrs , ^vxfcOi. tesva. ^<«i»!i^^\akiiA Ni»
^utien Street cars, atBowdoin Square, getting ott at C\ia.\ai.c^ ^tweX..

TUi;: PI 1, T

COLLEGE hotjss ^a^^.

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. ' 57

is a marble tablet bearing tbe name of Nathaniel Thayer, through whose
liberality the building was erected in 1864 at a cost of $15,000. In the library,
containing 4,000 volumes, are some rare and beautifully illustrated works on
botany. The portion of the library presented, in 1865, by John Amory Lowell
(class of 1815) deserves special attention. The adjoining laboratory and lect-
ure room were added, in 1871, through the munificence of an anonymous
donor. The main conservatory range covers a space of 3,720 square feet, and
18 divided into six compartments so as fitly to accommodate plants from tropi-
cal and sub-tropical countries. The cactus house covers an area of 875 square
feet. This range is supplemented by rows of pits and frames having a glass
area of 1,000 square feet.

In the green houses alone some 1,300 different species of plants are culti-
vated. Among these are 210 orchids, 300 ferns and club-mosses, and 200
cactuses and other succulents. There are extensive rockeries for the accom-
modation of rare mountain, bulbous, and early blooming plants, including
some of our choicest native species.

Preference is given to native plants, and no pains are spared to bring to-
gether the largest collection possible, which is already very extensive. The
United States compositse grown here is the finest group in any garden in the
world.

At present the out-door gardens are being entirely remodeled and replanted
according to strict botanical arrangement. All the plants are distinctly la-
beled and conveniently reached by grassy paths that diverge from the general
walks. The herbarium and conservatory, as well as the grounds, are open
daily to visitors.

Diagonally opposite to the Botanic Garden is the —

49. Astronomical Observatory, situated on the corner of Bond and Gar-
den streets, which, like the other departments of the university, had a small
beginning. Although the idea of establishing an astronomical observatory
in connection with the college originated in the early part of the present cent-
ury, yet it was not until the year 1839 that any effective steps were taken.
In this year the Dana House (33) was fitted up for the continuance of the
observations which had already been undertaken by William Cranch Bond,
designed for comparison with those made by the United States Exploring Ex-
pedition. Soon after this, in anticipation of a new building, twelve acres of
Jaiid which belonged to the Craigie estate were puTcY^asft^ ^yj \ksa ^<^<iN^O«Q^.

5 8 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

in the interest of economy only the six acres which form a part of the rising
ground called Summer Hill were retained for the Observatory. In 1848, under
the impulse of a renewed interest in astronomy that had been awakened by
the celebrated comet of that year, at a small meeting held in the office of J.
Ingersoll Bowditch of Boston, measures were taken which resulted in the sub-
scription of a considerable sum for the purpose of obtaining a large telescope,
equatorially mounted, and a suitable building to receive it. With these funds
the present observatory building, with the exception of the west wing, added
in 1851, was completed in 1846, and the instruments removed from the Dana
House. During the next year the equatorial telescope from Munich waa re-
ceived and mounted. The aperture of the telescope is fifteen in(*he8, and the
focal length twenty-two feet and six inches. Its value is about $25,000.

A transit circle, made in London, arrived in 1848. Shortly before thi9 time
two comet-seekers had been given by Mr. Bowditch and President Quincy
respectively. Since then a chronograph, spectroscope, meridian circle, and an
equatorial telescope of five and a half inches aperture, with a driving clock,
and also apparatus for photographing the sun, and other instruments, have
been added. In 1849 the Observatory was placed on a firm basis by the
bequest of Edward Bromfield Phillips (class of 1845), who left to the college
$100,000. The interest of that sum was to be applied annually for the pay-
ment of salaries at the Observatory, and for the purchase of books and instru-
ments. There are now about 3,000 volumes in the library.

In 1872 a method was adopted of transmitting to Boston signals for the reg-
ulation of time, which are now used by various establishments. The method
is as follows: a local circuit within the Observatory is broken every two sec-
onds by a clock regulated to mean time and kept fifteen and one half seconds
faster than mean time at the Observatory, in order to allow for the difference
of longitude between Cambridgre and the State House in Boston. The clock is
so constructed as to omit one of its signals before the beginning of each minute,
which is consequently marked by the first signal given after the pause. The
pause before the beginning of every fifth minute is made longer than the oth-
ers, by the omission of several additional signals.

Visitors are not admitted to the Observatory, because the work of the estab-
lishment would be interfered with by frequent visitors.

THE BOTANIC OARDEN (43].

THE ASTRONOMICAL OBSSBN KT10?.1 i

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 59

Three ioiporta'nt departments of the university are situated outside of Cam-
l>Tidge — two in Boston and one in Jamaica Plain. Tliese are as follows: —

lat. The Medical School, founded in 1782, situated on North Grove
Street m Boston "in order to secure those advantas:es for clinical instruc-
tion and for the study of practical anatomy which are found only in large
cities."

The Boston Medical Society, an association formed in 1780, under the
lead of several of the principal physicians in the city, may be said to have
^ven the impetus to the movement which resulted in the establishment of a
medical department connected with the university. For, under the auspices
of this society. Dr. John Warren, a brother of Greneral Joseph Warren who
fell at Bunker Hill, delivered in the winter of 1781 a course of anatomical
lectures, which were so successful that President Willard and some of the
corporation who had attended them were led to thmk of organizing a med-
ical school to be connected with the college. At the request of the corpo-
ration, in 1782, Dr. Warren drew up the outlines of a plan, which in its main
features was accepted by them and confirmed by the board of overseers;
but the school did not go into operation until the next year, ** the lectures
being delivered in Cambridge before a small number of metHcal students
and those members of the senior class in college who had obtained the con-
sent of their parents.'*

At first there were only three professors, one of them being Dr. Warren,
through whose ability and energy the medical school was enabled to over-
come the difficulties which it had to encounter in the be^inninjj.

The lectures were delivered in Cambridge until the year 1810, when the
school was transferred to Boston for the reasons mentioned above. In 1816
a building, under the name of the Massachusetts Medical College, specially
constructed for the needs of medical instruction, was erected on Mason
Street by a grant obtained from the commonwealth, and was occupied for
nearly forty years. It was then sold to the Natural History Society, as the
needs of the school demanded a larger building. In 1846 the present build-
ing was erected on a piece of land given by Dr. George Parkman, and still
retains the name of the Massachusetts Medical College, though it belongs to
the university. It adjoins the Massachusetts General Hoppital.

The building is a brick structure of three stories.

Tlw ground floor is devotad to the chemica\\a\>0YaX0T'^*,V^\v\\^\a\v\^^'«s^'5k'^^

60 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

and apparatus for a hundred students, and to the janitor's apartments; on
the first floor are the medical and clinical lecture rooms and the Hbrary,
containing 2,000 volumes of medical works; and on the floor above are the
professors' and demonstrators' rooms, the Anatomical Theatre, and the Mu-
seum Hall, in which is kept the Warren Anatomical Museum. The main
collection was presented by Dr. John Collins Warren, accompanied with a
gift of $6,000 for its preservation and increase. Many cfeneroas donations
have since been added, including the excellent series of Thibert's models, 167
in number, given by Dr. G. Hay ward in 1847, as well as the ninety othera made
by the same artist, and presented by Dr. John Ware in 1849. A very large
and exceedingly valuable collection of models, representing diseases d the
skin, was presented by Dr. Edward Wiggles worth. Through the liberality
and untiring exertions of the curator, Dr. J. B. S. Jackson, the museum has
been made one of the finest in the country, and through his influence the
Boston Society for Medical lmj)rovement deposited in the museum a very
extensive and carefully arranged cabinet. The attic contains the microscopi-
cal and physiological laboratories, the latter established with the bequest of
George Woodbury Swett (class of 1865).

In addition to the chemical laboratory in the building, there is a large
room on Cambridge Street, fitted up in the same manner to afford additional
accommodations. A new medical college building will be erected as soon as
a suitable site is secured; over $150,000 have been subscribed for this pur-
pose.

2d. The Dental School, situated at No. 50 Allen Street in Boston to
secure in connection with the medical department the advantages for clinical
instruction found only in large cities. At one of the regular meetings of the
Massachusetts Dental Society, in 1865, a committee was appointed to consult
with a committee of the medical faculty as to the feasibility and propriety of
establishing a dental chair in the medical school. The matter grew in their
hands until in July, 1867, on the recommendation of the medical faculty, the
corporation voted to establish a dental school. This school opened in Novem-
ber, 1868, with a full corps of instructors and a reasonable number of students.
At first the plan of the school was the same as that of all the medical and den-
tal schools in the country ; that is, the student devoted four months to a win-
ter course oi lectures, and studied with a practitioner for the rest of the
^rear; but in February^ 1872, it was voted U> e^\.\ji\i\\^ ^ %\«KcafeT ^jSm^X^UviU
^^^ald be equivalent to, and graduaWy dia^vva^ V\l\i, \vx\n^\r. V^^^^^^^ '^'^^s.

THE MEDICAL SCHOOL [Page o9(.

THE BUS3BY INSTlTaTlOS Vea%a e>\.^.

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, 6l

course was optional with the student, but was increasingly successful until in
February, 1875, a vote was passed changing the whole basis of instruction,
viz: making the terms of the school nine instead of four months, to coincide
with those of the medical and other schools of the university, and the
course a progressive one of two years, no instruction of the first year being
repeated in the second. The student is now obliged to pass an examination
in the studies of the first year, which are identical with those of the first year
of the medical school, and by the same professors, before he is allowed to enter
the second year class. Three years of study are necessary for admission to
the examination for a degree, but one year may be under a private instructor.
3d. The Bussey Institution, a school of agriculture and horticulture,
situated at Jamaica Plain, near Forest Hills, on the Boston and Providence
Railroad, established as a department of Harvard University under the
trusts created by the will of Benjamin Bussey of Roxbury, bearing date July,
1835. By a provision in the will the bequest was not available forthwith ;
but, in 1861, an amount of property, estimated at $413,000, was transferred
by the trustees to the corporation. One fourth of the net income from this
property was immediately applied, in accordance with the directions of the
donor, to the uses of the divinity school, and another fourth to the uses
of the law school at Cambridge; the remainder was left to accumulate for
a building fund. A descendant of Mr. Bussey still held a life interest in the
estate at Jamaica Plain, about 360 acres; but in 1870 an arrangement was
made by which seven acres were relinquished to the college, and the organ-
ization of the school was immediately begun. In the same year the main
structure, a commodious building of Roxbury pudding stone, 112 by 73 feet,
in the Victoria Gothic style of architecture, was erected on the spot desig-
nated by Mr. Bussey. By the end of the next year green houses and sheds
were built, the grounds and avenues prepared, and a water supply provided.
The main building contains an office, a library of 2,000 volumes, recitation and
collection rooms, and a laboratory with store rooms and a glass house attached.
Tlie cost of putting up and furnishing these buildings was about S62,000. In
1872 the University received $100,000 of the trustees under the will of James
Arnold of New Bedford ; the purpose of the gift being to establish in the
Bussey Institution a professorship of tree culture, and to create an arboretum
which shall ultimately contain all trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants that
can grow there in the open air. The compVcte eoxvU^ o1 ^*i ^'sJva.VaNva.'e* ^«»;-
oeotljr. passed into the hands of the coUectc, auOi «t ^ia.xNk.\3Nsa ^^\ss^ ^^"^-^

62 HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

about 137 acres, which had been previously specified for the arboretum, is
now being laid out as an open park, with walks and roadways, and, with the
natural beauties of the estate, will form a delightful resort. Many trees have
already been propagated for the park, both at the Bussey Institution and at
the Botanic Garden. The single object of the school is to promote and diffuse
a thorough knowledge of agriculture and horticulture, and it is intended for
young men who expect to follow such pursuits.

A WALK THROUGH CAMBRIDGE.

THE visitor hag already seen tbe greater part of
the uDiversiCy buildiogs, and it is intended now
to guide him among liistorical and public land-
marks of Old Cambridge. The deseripdons tliat
folloir, as far as number 40, are of places not
owned by the college, but mentioned in the
" Walk through Harvard." They are arranged
below in progreHaive numerical order to facili-
tat« naference to them. It will be remembered
that the numbers flL=o refer both to the location
(when within the limits) on the key plan, page
4 and to the illustration (if there is any) per-
taining to the description.

31. Felton Building;, situated on the eoutbeast corner of Cambridge and
Trowbridge streets, on a lot of land containing 24,000 square feet, was com-
pleted in 1877, and is the most recently erected dormitory. It ia named in
honor of the late Cornelius C. Felton, the twentieth president of Harvard Col-
lege. It was built by llenry Bigelow Williams, but is now owned by F. W.
Andrews, of Boston. The building is of brick, three stories high, having a
front of 158 feet, in the Elizabetiian style of architecture, and U divided by
brick walls into three separate sections, communicating with one another on the
different floors by wide lialls, which extend the entire length of the building.
Three stair-cases lead from the three entrances, one from each side of the dor-
juibay. There are thirty-six Buileaot roonia,'i«'cj\v^\.wsA'«'^"^^^'3iaM^»&.

Old Mil* Stona

66 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

which twelve — the corner rooms — consist of a parlor, two bedrooms, a bath
room with hot and cold water, clothes closets and coal-bin; the remaining
twenty-four suites differing from these only in having one bedroom in place of
two. Each suite is intended to accommodate two persons. The rooms are pro-
vided with open fire-places, and the halls are heated by steam and lighted by
gas. The janitor, who occupies the snug brick house adjoining in the rear,
has charge of the building. The rent for suites ranges from $150 to $200 per
annum, making them low priced rooms, while the accommodations render them
quite desirable. When the grounds are laid out, this building will be one of
the attractive surroundings of Harvard. It is situated conveniently to the col-
lege yard and Memorial Hall, and is readily accessible from Boston by the
Cambridge Street horse cars, which pass the door, or by the Broadway cars,
which pass within a half minute's walk from the building.

34. Beck Hall is situated at the junction of Harvard, Main, and Quincy
streets. It is not at all surprising that among nearly fifteen hundred students
there should be some whose parents or guardians are willing to provide them
with every possible comfort, especially when it is remembered that the stu-
dents of Harvard include the sons of many of the wealthiest men in the coun-
try. To supply as many comforts for students as can be furnished in a public
building, a new dormitory was built in 1876, at a cost of nearly Si 00,000, by
private enterprise. By reason of the time of its completion it was to have
been styled Centennial Hall ; but upon further consideration the owner decided
to name the building Beck Hall, in memory of the late Professor Charles Beck.
This is the finest of the students' halls in its arrangements and furnishinors.
The rooms are fitted up with much elegance, — costly furniture, upholstery,
and decorations abounding throughout the building. No doubt a graduate of
the early part of this century, when a carpeted floor was almost unknown,
would now behold with wonder the carpets that are spread upon the floors of
all the dormitories, and upon those in this one in particular. N. J. Bradlee of
Boston was the architect of the building. It is four stories high, with a base-
ment; its length is 109 feet, and width 60 feet. The walls, resting upon a cut
stone basement, are of pressed brick interspersed with black bricks and tiles,
and trimmed with brown stone. There are twenty-eight suites of rooms, twelve
of which are double, and sixteen single. A single suite comprises a study,
two closets, bedroom, bath room with hot and cold water, and coal bin; a
double suite differing from the above mereVy \ii\^wi^ ^a. ^^s:\Kw»\.\«As^\sst

LITTLE'S BLQGV: igRY

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 67

and closet. Each suite is furnished with handsome chandeliers, steam heat-
ing apparatus, white marble mantels for open fire-places, and a fixed marble-
top washstand provided with hot and cold water. All the washstand orna-
ments are nickel-plated, and tlie faucets have automatic stops. The entire
interior, even the janitor's lodge in the basement, is finished in ash, and all
the rooms and halls have plaster cornices. A marble slab is placed in the
basement to hold the silver-plated mouth-pieces of the speaking-tubes that
are connected with each study. These. tubes afford the occupants an easy-
mode of communication with the janitor, who can be readily summoned by
means of the thumb-knob in the room connected by wires with the annunci-
ator in the basement. The apartments are lofty, well lighted, and thoroughly
ventilated. On the first floor the rooms are eleven feet high. Two entrances,
one on Harvard and the other on Main Street, open into a spacious hall,
lighted by a skylight in the roof over tlie central part, and paved with mar-
ble tiles. The glass of this building presents a marked contrast with that of
the oldest dormitories, — in the former the size being 40 by 28 inches, while
in the latter it is 6 by 8 inches. On the first floor there is a neat bulletin
board which indicates whether an occupant of a room is "in" or "out."
Near the entrance on Main Street the Post-office Department has placed a
letter-box, from which the letters are gathered several times each day.
Around the building there is considerable open space, rendering it light and
airy, and affording beautiful views in every direction. The property is owned
by Mrs. Anna L. Moring of Cambridge, and is in charge of her agent, James
C. Davis, 30 Court Street, Boston.

35. Old Cambridge Baptist Church is the spacious stone edifice extending
from Main to Harvard Street, opposite Prescott Street. The church was
organized August 20, 1844. Their first meeting-house was a wooden struct-
ure, on the corner of Kirkland Street and Holmes Place. This house was
sold October 23, 1866, to what is now known as the North Avenue Con-
gregational Society, and was removed bodily, without even disturbing the
steeple, to the southerly corner of North Avenue and Koseland Street,
where it now stands. For the next few years the congregation worshiped
partly in the meeting-house of the Shepard Congregational Society and
partly in Lyceum Hall. Meanwhile arrangements were made and contri-
butions on a liberal scale were offered for the erection of a new building.
The effort was successful, and resulted m tJaa ^^^^"^^ ^^^'i^> ^^^ks.^ol ^'w*

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

dedicated September 29, 1870. The church is g
architecture. It baa received but little iat

iiD posing pile oE Goltiic
decoration, its
massive and grace-
ful proportions ren-
dering this unneces-
sat}-. Jls cost, In-
cludiDg the ground,
WHS about £1 "4 000
Tl e socie y vhi b
bu It It although
constituting one of
the voungest relig

Old Cambr dge h (

a d nfluential Tbe
pastor charge s
BcT FranklnJohn
eon D D

The best \ ew of
the bu IdiDg IS that
shown In the illustration, taken from Main Street, looking toward the norih-
west; but, viewing; it from any point, the visitor cannot but admire its grandeur
and simplicity.

3G. The Bishop's Palace is the familiar name applied to the large square
wooden house on the south side of Harvard Street, directly opposite Gore
Hall (8). Its true front is toward Mount Auburn Street, which once, as the
highroad, passed along the edge of the garden. At that lime the house en-
joyed a charming, uninterrupted view over the Charles. It was erected,
probably in 1761, by the Rcr. East Apthorp, the first Episcopal clei^yman
settled in Cambridge. On account of its elegance and proximity to Har-
vard, Mayhew and his orthodox contcmporariea regarded the house with
considerable distrust. Dr. Apthorp was thought to have aspired to the
episcopate, and his house was alluded to as " the palace of one of the hum-
ble successors of the Apostles." His anta^onUta rendered his ministry so
■aoomfortable that he gave up his Aarga in \lft4, 11.^4 t6'nni-i«&. \n'?ai.^'(.T&.

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 69

John Borland, a merchant, next occupied it, until the breaking out of hostili-
ties in 1775 causeil btm 10 flee to Boston. He is said to have built the third
Mory to provide additional
accommodation for bis !j.
household slaves. Then
General Putnam convened
the bouse into the head-
quarters of the Connecticut
troops, and retained it as
such until the battle of
Bunker Hill. Three com-
panies were quartered there
up to the time that the
committee of safety took
posecEsion of it. It was
next the enforced residence Buhopi Pdic* (J6).

of General Burgoyne. Afler the Revolutionary War the place passed into
the hands of Jonathan Simpson, Jr.

The house was originally two stories high, and Tesembled Longfellow's
Home (54). The hall is broad and pleasing, while the etaircssc is railed in
with curiously wrought balusters of various designs. Tlie left hand recep-
tion room was an elegant state apartment, with high ceiling and richly carved
woodwork. Old Dutch tiles, with their allegories, are still in the fire-place,
which yet retains its ornamental fire-back. In the second-story chamber,
which WHS used by General Burgoyne, the vralls are formed in panels, dec-
orated with costly picturesque paper. The property is now owned and occu-
pied by the family of Mrs. Elizabeth B. Manning, a venerable lady of ninety-
four years, who can yet clearly recall and relate many changes that have
occurred in Cambridge during her long residence here.

3& Little's Block, situated on tlic southeast corner of Harvard and Dun-
ster streets, adjoins Ilolyoke House (37) on the west, and forms with it the
imposing row opposite the college yard. Little's Block, erected by Charles
C. Little, comprises two separate buildings, generally distinguished as the
"old" and "new" halls. Tlie former was built in 1854, and the latter in
1869, at times when the college needed additional accommodations for stu-
dents, adJ Jjd not bare means ftvailBible {or the eiecX\o& CiV ve^'Ni^^^ '%ifi^

70 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

are of brick, trimmed with sandstone, five stories high, 105 feet long and 60
feet deep. In 1877 the entire block was remodeled, when an attractive brick
front replaced that of the old hall, and an additional story was put upon the
entire structure. Each buildinor contains sixteen suites of larsre and commo>
dious apartments, including study, bedrooms, closets, and coal bins. Each
suite is provided with open stoves, chandeliers, and gas fixtures.

These buildings, by reason of their admirable and convenient location and
excellent accommodations, have always been regarded as favorite dormitories,
A large number of members of the senior class are usually catalogued as occu-
pants of these rooms. The students who occupy this block are generally those
who are able to pay a good price for their rooms and to furnish them accord-
ingly, the result being that the apartments are handsomely fitted up. Tlie
owners of the block are obliged to reserve one room in each buildins for the
use of a proctor, who is designated by the college faculty. The old and new
halls are owned respectively by George Coffin Little (class of 1856) and John
A. Little, residents of New York city, whose agent in Cambridge is Charles
W. Sever, proprietor of the —

University Bookstore, on the first floor of Little's Block, No. 464
Harvard Street. This store was established near the beginning of the present
century, by William Hilliard, at the southeast corner of Harvard and Holyoke
streets, in a wooden building which, in 1825, gave place to the present brick
block. The bookstore continued in that locality until 1850. About 1824
James Brown became associated with Mr. Hilliard under the firm of Hilliard
& Brown. In 1832 Lemuel Shattuck was admitted as a partner, and the
style of the firm was changed to Brown, Shattuck, & Co. In 1833 the busi-
ness was purchased by James Munroe & Co., and in 1886 it passed into the
hands of John Owen, who retained it until 1847, when it was purchased by
George Nichols (class of 1828) who carried on the business for about two
years, and then transferred it to John Bartlett, whose name it bore for ten
years. Mr. Bartlett afterwards entered the firm of Little, Brown, & Co., of
which he is at present an active member. His successors were Charles W.
Sever and George C. Francis (class of 1854) under the firm name of Sever &
Francis, which continued until 1871, when Mr. Francis withdrew, on account
of ill health. The senior partner then assumed the entire business, which
be still retains. The location of the store has been changed several times.
Wt^fgiDaU/ at the corner of Holyoke andH^trw^x^ ^\x«^\.^^SXn«^<& vol v^*^ x<i.>

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 7 1

moved to the corner of Brighton Street and Harvard Square, and thence
in 1871 to the present locality. The bookstore has always been somewhat
allied to the college, the original purpose of the establishment having been
to supply the students with classical text-books, which in the early part of
the century were difficult to procure except by direct importation. For many
years the proprietors held a contract with the corporation to provide the
students with the necessary books, the college paying for the same and in
turn charging the amount on the term bills. From the beorinning it has been
the head-quarters for students' supplies. Several works of the professors
have been published here, as well as numerous miscellaneous books and
pamphlets. The university catalogue is now published by the proprietor of
the store, under contract with the college.

We are now in the vicinity of the " Old Mile Stone '* that projects above
the curb on the west side of the college yard near Dane Hall (4). The libra-
rian emeritus found the stone after it had been for many years lost to public
view, and planted it near the spot where it was originally placed by the sur-
veyor, Abraham Ireland, whose initials form part of the inscription. The
old stone carries us back to ante-revolutionary times, before the West Boston
bridge was built, when the distance from Cambridge to Boston was eight miles,
and the road passed through Brighton, Brookline, and Roxbury.

North of the Mile Stone, on the opposite side of the street, stands the —

40. First Parish Church, facing the entrance to the college yard. Its
location is amply suggestive of its past history and that of the ancient society
for which it was built, looking as it does on the college, for whose use, like
the preceding houses of worship, it was in part erected, and on the graves
of those who once worshiped under its roof or within the walls of its pred-
ecessors.

Its erection in 1833 was the result of a negotiation between the parish
and the college corporation, proposed and conducted by President Quincy.
** The Parsonage Lot," so called, now forming part of the college grounds,
was then purchased by the college. The corporation agreed to provide a
church of suitable architecture and dimensions at a cost then deemed satis-
factory, amounting finally to $12,500, in exchange for the parsonage lot of
four acres, together with the land on which the old meeting-house stood, the
ownership and use of the north gallery in tVke n^^ OclxtcOcl ^sst "^^^ ^SS^>iK«.'«ss^

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

members of the college in
four days in the jrear for

and Ihe right of occupying the chmdi
and other collegi; occaeioos. Ac-
cordingly, for thirty-eight years, fawn
1834 to 1872, the annual commence-
raents, ihe publii: exerciaes of the PLi
Beta Kappa Sotjiety and those of tbe
Society of the Alumni were held in this
church, the interior of which was aij-
mirably constructed both for seeing
and hearing. Probably during that
period a greater number of eminent
men were gathered within its walls oa
■various occapions than in any othCT
church in the country.

Three of the eollese presidenle,
Everett, Sparks, and Walker, on leav-
ing the presidency, were among tbe
most fiuthful and coDetant of the wor-
shipers in the First Parish Church.
It was in this church that the inau-
guration of President Everett took place. Just as he was beginning his ad-
dress, Mr. Webster entered and took his seat on the platform wiih an ap-
plauiling welcome from the audience, and Mr. Everett, with his usual felicity
and grace, turning to him, said, " I wish 1 had authority to say, ' Expectatur
oratio in linguB vernacula a Wehiler.' "

In this eliurcli many choice and brilliant orations and poems have been de-
livered from year to year. The first poem beard in it was written and de-
livered by Ralph WalJo Emerson, who, three years after, gave the oration
before tbe 4 B K Society, when one of his bearers, a graduate of the old school,
puzzled by his peculiar etyle of tliought and speech, e:iclaimed, " Either this
man is crazy or I am." It waj in this church that Oliver Wendell Holmes,
tlien a young man of twenty-four, spoke tbe poem before the * B K which has
seldom had its equal on a similar occasion.

Since I8i2 the college, being provided with a suitable place tor public oc-
casions in tbe Appleton Chapel and Sanders Theatre, has ceased to use the
t^rst Pariah Cbureb, and has formaWy rtWiii^AiKii sii "«» Ti.^\k «»A. ^-.V

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 'Jl

leges in connecdon with it. The First Parish, as its name indicates, is the
most ancient of the Cambridge religious societies, and one of the largest and
most flourishing of the Unitarian churches in Boston and its vicinity.

In 1868 the church was thoroughly renovated and the interior remodeled,
with additional conveniences for religious and social meetings, as well as for
the Sunday-school, in the vestry adjoining.

It is to be regretted that it was not built of more substantial material than
wood. The view of it in front, from the college yard, with its Gothic tower
and spire, is quite pleasing, as well as the side view from North Avenue.
With plenty of air and light, its internal arrangements are pleasant and help-
ful both to speaker and hearer.

The original records of the First Church, kept by the successive pastors
from the time of Brattle, in 1696,^ the christening basin presented to him by
the college students and given by him to the church, and the communion plate,
are interesting relics of the past.

The first minister in the present church edifice, and pastor in charge for
thirty-eight consecutive, years, was the Rev. William Newell, D. D., ordained
in the old meeting-house, May 19, 1830. His successor, the present pastor,
Rev. F. G. Peabody, was ordained March 31, 1874.

No doubt the curious stranger will notice the little ** God's acre" with
molderincr and crumbling tombstones, on the north side of the First Parish
Church. This is known as the —

41. Town Burying Ground. In 1635 the town ordered it to be paled in,
and until 1 702, while used as a graveyard, it was leased as a sheep pasture.
Within these few square feet of sod rest the ashes of some men who were the
guiding minds of their day. Among the epitaphs that should be found there
are those of Presidents Dunster, Chauncy, Oakes, Leverett, Wadsworth, Hol-
yoke, Webber, and Joseph Willard ; Pastors Thomas Shepard, Jonathan Mitch-
ell, Nathaniel Gookin, William Brattle, Timothy Hilliard, and Nathaniel Ap-
pleton, who was for sixty-seven years in charge of the First Church, baptiz-
ing during that long period 2,138 persons and receiving into membership 784

1 The records previous to this, dating from 1637, and alfo the written autobiography of Thomas
Shepard, are still preserved by the " F\r$t Church in Cambridge '■'■ that now worships in the Shepard
Memorial Church (44). These ancient books can be seen by strangers who desire to look upon the
veritable relics of the Puritans.

A li:'t of church members during the pastorate of Mitchell and in his handwriting^ discovered in
1816 in the Prinat collection ot manuscripts in the 0\d aoutYi,\TiYta&\ftTi,N&\sw»Jlx::%'^*^
roJtune of recorda tr poeaeniion of the " First PansH CKwrcK.'^''

74 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

jterions. Here nbo were interred the remains of Rev. Kdwart] Wiggleaworth,
tlio first HoUU Profeasor of Divinity, Governor Belther, tlie Vassal family,
Elijah Corlet, " that memorable old school-teacher," Stephen Dnye. the GiH
printer in ihig part of Americ-a, Samuel Green, captain of the niilitia for iMrtj'
years and manager of the printing-presa for lift}- years.

It is rather surprising that the citizens of Cambridge, with so much wealth
and culture, should allow this venerable spot to lie uaadorncd and ahaost
totally neglected, and remain a common pathway. Althougli considerably icD'
proved within twenty years past, it yet remains in appearance not much more
than an inclosure of many nameless tombs and many broken gravestones, iat«^
spened with brambles and weeds.

In 1845 Harvard College renewed the tablet on a tomb over the Kniains
of President Dunater, and in 1870 the city erected a neat Scotch granite mona-
ment in memory of six Cambridge men who fell April 19, 1775, in defense of
the liberty of the people.

On the west side of the Town Burying Ground stands —
42. Chtlat Church, froniing on Garden Street. This ia the mother Epis-
copal chureh and the oldest existing place of worship of any denominatioD
in Cambridge and it is rich in historical interest.

The pinsh was organized in 1759; the first rector, the Rev. East Aptborp,
was appointtd a missionary of the Society for the Propagaiion of the Gospel
the same year, and the ehureli
was openeil for worship Oc-
tobcria, 1761. It was built
from designs furnished by
Peter Harrison, the arehitect
of King's Chapel, Boston;
and, although built of wood,
it was considered, in its orig-
inal proportions, a model of
^ -"- architectural beauty.

The mission was estjiblished
and the church built, as px-
Chritt Church (42), pressly stated, to provide for

the spiritual needs of the members of the Church of England resident in Cam-
ge, as also (or " auch students ot Hanari C^&e,?,* aa to^ lA ■Ciib.\. «*tiais)ii?'

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 75

Special provision has always been made, therefore, in this church for such
students, and the rector has always regarded himself as officially charged with
the duty of ministering to them as a pastor, as well as with the rectorship
of the parish in which Harvard College is located. The students, on their
part, have ever taken a lively interest in the church, assisting in its minis-
trations as lay readers, teachers in the Sunday-school, members of the choir,
and otherwise.

Prior to the Revolutionary War, Christ Church was the spiritual home of
the Church of England aristocracy and loyalty. The families to whom the old
mansions of Cambridge once belonged — the Vassals, Lees, Pliippses, I^ch-
meres, and Inmans — here gathered for worship. Mr. Apthorp was succeeded
■ by the Rev. Winwood Sarjeant; but when hostilities broke out, rector and
congregation alike were dispersed as tories and royalists; the Connecticut
militia were quartered in the church at the time of the battle of Bunker Hill,
and the leaden pipes of the fine old English organ were melted for bullets.

When General Washington took command of the army in Cambridge he re-
moved the troops and had the church cleansed; on Sunday, December 31,
1775, the church was reopened, Colonel Palfrey of the army reading service
as a layman, at the request of the general, who attended with Mrs. Washing-
ton and his military staff.

From this date, however, there was no resident rector of Christ Church for
fifty years. For a time it was under the charge of some Boston rector; twice
it was closed for years and services were wholly suspended ; and, for a good
part of that period, it was supplied with lay readers by students of Harvard
College, among whom were several who were afterwards prominent in the
ministry of the Church, such as Bishops Dehon of South Carolina and AVain-
wright of New York, the Rev. Drs. Asa Eaton and Stephen H. Tyng.

In the year 1826 Christ Church, after thorough restoration and repairs, was
reopened at last for reijular and settled services under the charge of the Rev.
George Otis, then tutor in the college. Mr. Otis was succeeded in turn, at
short intervals, by young clergymen who have since been wrll known: the
venerable Dr. Coit, long of Troy, and now of the Berkeley Divinity School,
Middletown, Conn.; Bishop Howe of Central Pennsylvania; Bishop Vail of
Kansas: Dr. Southgate, fo^ some time Missionary Bishop to Turkey; Dr.
George Leeds, rector of Grace Church, Baltimore; and Bishop AA'^illiams of
Connecticut. In 1839 the Rev. Nicholas Ho'^i^m>T>.^.,^^^'^^^^^^^^^'«^^'^'^^

76 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

ship which continued to 1874. The present rector, the Rev. Wm. Chauncy
Langdon, D. D., succeeded to the charge January 1, 1876.

In the year 1857 it was found necessary to set back the chancel end and
lengthen the church, thus somewhat marring its original proportions ; bat its
general appearance from the Common is unchanged. The interior arrange-
ments have also been somewhat modified; the square pews have been re-
placed by pews of more modern form ; the old-fashioned pulpit with its sound-
ing board and reading desk beneath has also disappeared ; and, finally, the
organ has lately been brought down from the old choir loft to the corner near
the chancel.

The fiagon and one covered cup of the silver communion service of Christ
Church bearing the royal arms were given by William and Mary to King's
Chapel, Boston. They were in 1772 transferred to this church by Governor
Hutchinson. The silver alms-basin was the gift, in 1761, of Mrs. Apthorp,
mother of the first rector. The original Bible and prayer-books are still in the
possession of the church, two folio service books now standing on the chancel
window-sill. The original parchment parish register, with its entries dating
from 1 759, is in the possession of the rector.

Immediately to the right and left on entering the church are two large tab-
lets, containing the Commandments, Creed, and Lord's Prayer, which were
brought from old Trinity Church, Boston, when it was taken down in 1828.

The original church bell was an English gift; but it was recast in 1831.
The chime of thirteen bells, ** The Harvard Chime,^^ was the gift of alumni of
the college, upon the completion of the first centenary of the church.

In the crypt or cellar of the church are still to be seen the family vaults of
the Vassals. Christ Church faces the —

42a. Cambridge Common. In 1769 tlie proprietors of the Common granted
the land to the town, ** to be used as a training field, to lie undivided and
remain for that use forever.'' This was the place of arms of the settlers of
1631, who selected it for their strong fortress and intrenched camp. This
ground was the muster field of the American army of the Revolution ; and
here the flag of thirteen stripes was first unfurled. Greorge the Third's
speech, sent out by the Boston gentry, was burned upon this common. This
w^s also the place where the colonial army was 'drawn up for grand parade
About the centre of the Common rises the —

an^^e^

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

The

43. Soldlera' Moaoment. In the late civil war MaBBachusetts furnuhed
the firet TolunCeer troops, and
Cambridge the earliest military
organization. During the war
Cambridge furnished 4,588 sol-
diers, of whom 938 perished. To
commemorate thia record, and
to perpetuate the memory of the
valor and patriotism of those
who lost their lives in the war
the Citv cruttcd this monument
The laying of the corner stone
took place June 17 18li9 and
lliL dcdicaLion Ju!) 13 18
The entire height of the monu -
meot IS 55 feet S ii
basa has an extreme n
30 feet Equare at the centre o
which projects the main pedes
tal supporting an arched arcade |j
or temple with a roof bi
ed by a column On the top is |
the statue of a soldier standing
at ease There are four granite
baa reliefs, representing the four Soidun Monumeni («3).

arms of service, — navy, caval-
ry, artillery, and infantry. Four panels are enriched by bas-reliefs of the
coats-of-arms of the cily, state. United States, and Grand Army of the Re-
public. There are nine tablets. One tablet, placed upon the front of the
main pedestal, contains the dedicatory inscription, and eight tablets, set in the
four buttresses, two in each buttress, are inscribed with the names of the sol-
diers and sailors of Cambridge who died in the service of tlielr country in the
war for the maintenance of the Union. The cannon around the monument
were used in the Revolutionary War.

A short distance west of Christ Church (42), at the civner of Garden and
Mmoa streets, is the^—

78 HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

44. fihepard Memorial Church. This is the sixth house of worship occu-
pied by the First Church in Cambridge, which was founded in 1636 hy the
Rev. Thomas Shepard and his associates. The name of this first minister has
been given to the meeting-house and to the ecclesiastical society with which
the First Church is connected. The laying of the corner-stone took place
April 29, 1871, and the dedication May 22, 1872. The chapel was finished
in the following year. Both are of stone. One stone from the house erected
in 1756 is built into the walls of this house. The main building is in the Nor-
man or Romanesque style of architecture, cruciform in shape, and can seat
1,200 persons. The woodwork is in black walnut. A freestone tablet on
the north wall contains a condensed history of the church, and one on the
south wall a list of the ministers of tlie church. The windows are of cathe-
dral glass, except one very fine memorial window in the transept. The in-
terior length of the nave, which terminates in an octagonal apse, is 120 feet.
The length of the transept is 92 feet, and the height of the tower and spire
about 1 70 feet. The spire is surmounted by the cockerel which was placed on
the New Brick Church in Boston in 1721. The parsonage is in the same
inclosure with the meeting-house. The present pastor is Rev. Alexander
McKenzie (class of 1859, and secretary of the board of overseers of Harvard
College). The location is remarkably fine. The church faces the common
and the college, and directly in front rises the —

45. Washington Elm. Drake says of this grand old tree : '* Apart from
its association with a great event, there is something impressive about tliis
elm. It is a king among trees; a monarch, native to the soil, whose subjects,
once scattered abroad upon the plain before us, have all vanished and left it
alone in solitary state. The masses of foliage which hide in a measure its
mutilated members, droop gracefully athwart the old highway, and still beckon
the traveller, as of old, to halt and breathe a while beneath their shade. It if
not pleasant to view the decay of one of these Titans of primeval growth.""'
It is too suggestive of the waning forces of man, and of that

' Last scene of all,
That ends this strange, eventful history.'

As a shrine of the Revolution, a temple not made with hands, we trust the
old elm will long survive, a sacred memorial to nations yet to come. We
jjeed such monitors in our public places to arrest our headlong race, and bid
H^fw^/r count the cost of the empire 'wfe "po%%fe^^» N^'i ^"ssSl Tj^ax. Vw^ ^^^

00 HARVARD VNIVESSiTY

worse for such introBpection, nor could we hftve a more impresnTe cooDseloi-
The menioiy of the great is with it and around it; it is indeed on coDBecrst«d
ground. Wlien the vamp was here, Washington caused a pktform to be boilt
amon^ the branches of this tree, where he was accustomeil to sit aad aunej
with hia glass the country around." In front of the iron railing preTiouslj
placed there by Rev. Daniel Austin, stands a granite tablet, erected by the
L'ity of Cambridge, containing an inscription, written by Henry W. Longfello«,
88 follows : —

JULY 3d, 1775;

A century after Washington unsheathed his sword beneath tihe elm, the people

oF Cambridge, in commemoration of that event, celebrated the day with be-
coming enthusiasm. At that time the stately and revered tree was prt^usely

covered with flowers and other decorations.

West of the Common, on WaCeihouse Street, tlie second house east of

Garden Street, is the —

46. Waterhouae House which bears the marks of great age, and is prob-
ably one of the oldest houses now standing in Cambridge. It resembles die

houses built by the early

setllcrs, and has an adiui

rable lo-^ation looking over

the Common toward the

College Yard. Some reliC"

of the " American Jenner

and of an even earlier oc

cupant than he, still reinain

here. In one room is a

clock surmounted by the

symbolic cow. At the head

of the staircase stands an

old clock with an in=cnp-
^^l^hich shows that Peter
^^^^h former chief ju.itice

tvioee, presented it in 1T90 to Dr. VJaWTtoMB*. Tt* dA'^a-Xs*:-?!

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 8 1

requests its' possessor to iivind it on Christmas and the Fourth of July. In
another room hangs a crayon portrait of Mrs. Waterhouse, the doctor's mother,
painted by AUston when a student of Harvard. Another occupant of the house
was Henry Ware, whose portrait adorns the walls. It is probable that Will-
iam Vassal, who owned and occupied the house before the war, has left some
relics there. Afterwards, Rev. Winwood Sarjeant, a former rector of Christ
Church, lived in this nouse. Dr. Waterhouse, whose name is attached to the
house, was one of the first physicians to introduce vaccination in this country.
The house is now occupied by the Misses Ware.

On Garden Street, at the junction of Concord Avenue, is the —

47. State Arsenal. The oldest buildings were erected in 1817. It served
during the war as a storehouse and cartridge manufactory. Troops were*
also stationed there. At present it is not used for military purposes. Tlie-
Cambridge Dramatic Club makes use of one building for private theatricals.

A short distance beyond the Arsenal, on Garden Street, at the corner o£
Linnean Street, is the —

48. Botanic Garden. (See page 55.) Diagonally opposite is the —

49. Astronomical Observatory. (See page 56.) Passing through Bond'
Street, on the east side of the Observatory, to Concord Avenue, and thenoe
into Buckingham Street, we soon reach Brattle Street. Going westward as
far as Appleton Street, and then through Highland Street, we pass —

49a. The Reservoir, at the corner of Reservoir Street. It was rebuilt and
enlarged in 1866-67, and covers an area of nearly one and a third acres. Its
capacity is 5,375,330 gallons. The elevation of the coping is 92 feet above
the city base, and the top of the stand-pipe, or tower, 136 feet, — thus prac-
tically raising the reservoir to that additional height. Into this tower the
water is pumped from Fresh Pond by means of two Worthington engines
worked alternately. At certain times each day the water is sufficiently ele-
vated to fill the highest tanks in the city. The capacity of each of these
pumps is 5,000,000 gallons in twenty-four hours. The reservoir supplies the
five wards of Cambridge. Owing to the fine view which its elevated position
commands, it is a favorite resort on pleasant evenings. The tower, which
affords a beautiful j)rospect, is usually locked, but permission to ascend it can
be readily obtained from the superintendent or the person in charge.

Turning to the left, into Fayerweather Street, at its foot, we reach —

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

50. dmirood, — ths Iiotrell Homeatead. The grounds front od bolt
Elmwood Avenue and Brattlu Street. The house vraj probably built iu earif
as 1 760. The BuirounUiiigs retain many traeea of the original features; the
splenJiJ grove of pines, tlie noble eiras, — that give rise to the name "Elm-
wood," — the olil barn and ouihouaeB, together with a remnant oE the old wv
chard, remain to indicate wliat had been there.

Thomas Oliver, the last of the English lieutenant-governors, resided here
in anle-revolutionary times. Tlic following explains hi^ resignaiion: —
" My house at Caiiibridgo being surrounded by four thousand people, in
pliance with their
■\ mands I sign my name
Thomas Olivf-h."

After the battle of
Bunker Hill the hoiiBe
served as a hospital,
Hud the field oppw'ile
for a burial-fjround.

Klbridge Gerry, the
democratic govenior,
and later vice-presi-
dent, dwelt here dur-
ing bio official tcrtnii;
from his name the
won! ' ' gerrymander "
...m.™™ p^, j^ derived.

Gerry's successor to the e-tate was Rev. Charles Lowell, the father ot
James Russell Lowell, the poet (class of 1838). In this house "The Bil-
low Papers " were written. Elmwood, now the property of Pr3fefsor Lowell,
Minister to Spain, embrnees thirteen acres, charmingly situated and beauti-
fidly improved. Across ihe road, on the south, begins —

90a. Mount Auburn, one of the largest and most beautiful cemeteries in
the world. The earliest meeting on the subject of a cemetery near Ihe city of
Boston was held in November, 1825, when a design that was submitted is said
to have met witli unanimous approval. Jn 1830 an offer of " Sweet Auburn "
for S6,000 was obliuned. In 1S3I a general mi'cling was called "to consider
tiie details o£ a pian about to be carvied V

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, 83

to purchase the property for an ** experimental garden and rural cemetery,"
provided one hundred subscribers, at SCO each, could be secured. A commit-
tee of twenty was also appointed, including Justice Story, Daniel Webster,
Charles Lowell, Jacob Bijjelow, Samuel Appleton, Edward Everett, Abbott
Lawrence, and others. The land was bought, and the fee. vested in the
Massachusetts Horticultural Society, which was authorized by the State to
hold property for cemetery and garden purposes. The consecTation took
place on Saturday, September 24, 1831. A temporary ampliitheiitre was
erected. An audience of nearly 2,000 persons was seated among the trees,
adding a scene of picturesque beauty to the impressive solemnity of the occa-
sion. The first choice of lots was sold at auction November 28, 1831. In
1835 the property was transferred to the " Proprietors of the Cemetery of
Mount Auburn,'* a society incorporated March 31, 1835.

There are more than thirty miles of avenues and paths through beautiful
hills and vales, lined with conspicuous and noteworthy tombs, monuments, and*
statues. The entr.ince gate, after an Egyptian mo<lel, chiseled from Quincy
granite, is on the north front, which has an imposing iron railing along its
entire length. The highest mound in the cemetery is 125 feet above the level
of Charles River, that winds about the southeastern boundary. Upon this
mound is the tower, 60 feet high, from which can be obtained one of the best
views of the environs of Boston. The chapel is built of granite, in the '
Gothic style. In it are several marble statues. Special tickets for strangers
who desire to drive into the cemetery must be obtained from one of the officers
of the corporation. The gates are open to any one on foot from sunrise to
sunset every day except Sundays and holidayjii; but persons holding proprie-
tors* or special tickets can obtain admission at any time.

Turning homeward, we pass throujih Brattle Street, which is the modern
name of a road that was the great western thorouj^hfare at the time when
the head-( quarters of the colonial army were in Cambridge. This street was
then known as Tory Row, and the peculiar fitness of this designation will be
learned as we pass the old landmarks. Diagonally opposite **Elmwood"
(50), on Brattle Street, is the —

51. Fayerweather House, built about the middle of the last century.
Captain George Ruggles, one of the rich Cambridge tories who lived on
Brattle Street before the Revolution, was its owner until 1774, when he sold
it to Thomaa Fayerweather, who occupied it liW Vva <\ft».'OcL> ^kAl \s^ -^>bss»r.

84 HARVARD UNIVERSITY

name it 19 commonly known It finall) passed into the banda of WilliBn
WtlU (ila>is of li'lti) a fine classiial scholar and the htcrary paKner d
the will ktiown piilili hiiig firm of Wells & Lilly in Boston His esUblish
ment liiMng littn ili.sli-o\ (.d by tht. Court l>trt:et fire in 1825, be punhiued
the FmrwLaihtr IIoa<<e m 1828 whiih he used many years a
»n(l (liy whool for tliL preparation of boys for college Amoi
guishLd pupils whose niLiiiones go back to the ol<l place are Riihan) H |
Dana Jr Janioi R Lou
ell T Wentwortli Higj;in
•on William ^\ Ston J
F W Ware and \\ illiun
M Hunt llic hon>« like
others of its tune built oE
substantial materials is 10
excelknt condition, and
surrounded with noUe
trcei and pleasant gronndi
It IS slill owned by ihe
n ells family, but is >t
prisent ot( upied by H
■San Brunt (tlasa oF 1854)
the well-known architect.
On the pame siilc of Brattle Street we next reach the —
52. L«e HouM, said to be the oldest now standing in Cambridge. It it
large, plain, and square, an<l is supposed to have been built about two hun-
dred years ago, on a frame brought over from England. One of the evidences
of its age is the clay mortar laying of the (rrcal chimney that rises through the
centre of the bouse. The lower rooms have massive beams in the ceilings ; all
are low, yet coinmo<lious. Some of the walls an' covered with landscape paper,
one of them evidently very ancient. The owner at the outbreak of the Rev-
olution was Judge Joseph Lee, by who^e name the honse is now known. He
took n'fuge in Boston during the siege. This w
Tory Row that were not confiscated. After ihe w
Lee, For the past twenty-five years i
Nichols, a graduate of the class of I '<
Farther down, on (he same side oi BtaXW S«ftfcV»!>-'Softt»°**^'"'
'Sparks Street, stands the —

s one of the few houses on
it was reoccupied by Judge
it has been owned and occupied by George .

S3. Riedesel Honae, so modi
beliuve tliat tht upper sto-

e buiU nbout llfiO. ^'
The liQuee was occupied
first b R h d h re

erwa b J h b
all — bo h TO
latte d d

ciate J h A

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

Hppear>i[ice tbnt one would e(

ei) in 1845. Since the present owntT ai:qviiTeA \.\ift -fttiYetV^ *
Ass been raised, and an additional Btory built \\iMl*s«ita.'Cti.

86 HARVAKD UNIVERSITY

A short distance below, on the Fame side of Bratlle Street, b —

54. Waablngton's Head-qnartera, or LongfalloiT'a Home, the

Doteworltiy liousc in Cambridge. It is in fact a wooden mansion lined
brick, and was built in 1339 by Colonel Jobn Vassal. The exterior
ply carries one back to the ante- revolutionary period; but the interior gi
Bti'ong impression of comfort and relineiuenl. The surroundings are I'hanu-
ingly picturi'iique. In 1775 Vassal became & fugitive under British prolectioii,
en<l Colonel John Glover, with the Marhlehead regiment, took possesMOD.

Washington established his head -quarters here in July. 1 775, and remained
for eight months. More noted patriots of 1776 entered this house than any
other. Mrs. Washington and her suite arrived at head-quarlers in Deeember,
17 75. Wc learn that Mrs. Washington held her levees and gave her dinner
parties, while Washington with his staff was deliberating on the operations of
the army destined to create a free republic. Franklin dined at this house
when he came to settle tlie establishment of the colonial army. Washingloa
revisited the house in 1789.
After the irar (lie first proprietor was "Sa)jQMivA.'tCTfc-3,-«W'*Bji&.\»aKa?u-

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, .8/

gaged in privateering. He fitted out the first private armed vessel that sailed
from an American port, and owned the principal share in a number of cruisers
that wrought ({reat damage to the British marine. It is related that after he
had lost some forty ships he was quite despondent, and, while discussfng witli
his brother how they should obtain the means of subsistence for their families,
an unexpected vessel sailed into the harbor bringing a prize valued at £20,000.

The next owner was Thomas Russell, who, as the story goes, made a break-
fast of a sandwich consisting of a hundred dollar bill between two slices of
bread. In 1791 Andrew Craigie, the apothecary- general of the continental
army, bought the house with 150 acres of land, upon which was the Vassal
House (59), for £3,750. Among the guests of Dr. Craigie were Talleyrand
and the Duke of Kent. In 1833 Jared Sparks and Willard Phillips resided
here. Edward Everett and Joseph E. Worcester, the lexicographer, also
lived in this house. In 1837 Henry W. Longfellow became an inmate of the
house, and in 1843 he purchased it, with eight acres of the surrounding land.

In this delightful neighborhood, between Longfellow's Home and Mason
Street, lies the property of the —

55. EPISCOPAL THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL OF MASS^ which
was founded in 1867, upon an endowment given by Benjamin T. Reed of Bos-
ton. Although it possesses many advantages from its proximity to Harvard,
it is not connected with the latter. The institution has a faculty of five pro-
fessors; and the requirements for admission are, besides evidence of fitness
for the ministry, candidateship for orders in the Protestant Episcopal Church,
with full literary qualifications, or the holding of a college diploma, or the
submission to an examination in the following subjects, namely: classics, men-
tal and moral sciences, logic, and rhetoric. The dean of the faculty is Rev.
George Zabriskie Gray, D. D., and the secretary is Rev. A. V. G. Allen.
The outlay for buildinirs and land thus far amounts to $220,000, and the
buildings comprise St. John's Memorial Chapel, Reed Hall, and Lawrence
Hall, which are described below. A new building is soon to be erected be-
hind the chapel for the purposes of a refectory. Referring to the illustration
on page 86, the building to the right is —

56. St. John's Memorial Chapel, which was built, in 1870, by Robert M.
Mason of Boston, as a memorial of his wife and his brother, the Rev. Charles
Mason, D. D. It accommodates about 450 persons, and is kept open, not
Gn\y for the use of the school, but also a& a it^ft OdlxxxOel Vst "^^^ ^\yiS«Kis& ^

HARVARD UNIVERSITY,

B desire to attend its daily and Sunday serviefs.

Harrard, and such others a
To the left ia —

57 I«wTeiice Hall, erected m 1ST3 b) Amoa A Lawrenoe of Boston.
It, is the dormitory of the school xdA conUin suites of rooms for twenty stu-
dents In tlie cpntre n —

58 Reed Hall ivhicli contains a beautiful library room and six lecture
!ooni It IS name I after the founder of the school ivho provided the meaoB
to erect the boildin" in 1875

All of the e 1 uildin-'s are of tone and fitted up with taste and complete-
ness The} are worths of an inspection bj visitors who will be readily ad-
mitted upon application to
the janitor

Opposite the Theologi
cal Sthool on tlie south
side of Brattle btreet -
stands the —

59 Vaasal Home It ,
is one of the oldest houses -<
now standing and while
the intenor has all the |
chariiK and comforts
old age the walls arc bi
rounded by picturesque '
grounds In 1842 the east

front was injured bj fire Vmi«i Mouio (59

and its original appear-
ance has been but partially restored. From time to t
alterations have been made, yet the main building prese
first design. In 1717 Jonathan Belcher, at that t
and afterwards governor of the province, inherited the plac
pi'ietor was Colonel John Vassal, (he elder, by whom it was conveyed to
Major Henry Vassal. The widow of the latter, nee Penelope Boynll, fl-jd from
her home at the outbreak of the war in such haste titat she hail not linie even
to restore to lier friends a young companion, whom she consequently was
compelled to tate with her. Part of the personal effects were confiscated by
Colonel Stark, &nd n part passed into Boatotv, THifc'^^sTi* ^s>^ ts<&i>»^ia.»e.

were used lor the colony foraee. The 'pro^wftj ■^«* ti'*' >ya^&w»!*S^^^■»*

: additions and

ves niiL(.'h of its

rt'hant of Boston,

A later pro-

UARVAUD aifivERsnv

been eometimea aiserted. This house waa, most probabljr the head-qoanen of
the medical department of the American army, as well as the residence ixA
prison of Dr. Benjamin Church. The cutting of <■ B. Church, Jr." on a door
in the second story would eeeui to indicate the room in nbich he wan detained.
At present it ia the property of the heirs of Samuel Batchelder, who
recently died, in the ninety-fourth year of his age.
Farther down, on the same side of the street, in the —
60. Brattle House The date of its erection is probably about 1740.
, The beautiful grounds ibat
at one time surrounded it
Lompneed the famous Brat-
tle Mall, which included
a charming promenade thai
was a popular resorL The
eetBte belonged to William
Brattle (dass of 172^), a
1 professions

Ile«

It difiereiit times clergyman,
I ph)Ei(ian, lawyer, and ma-
jor general His father was

Rev. Williara Brattle (class

of IG80), tho noted Cambridge clei^man, and his uncle was Thomas Brattle
of BoxtoD, treasurer of Harvard College for twenty-five years, and a prominent
merchant, whose liberality toward the Brattle Street Church caused the
church and street to be named after liiw. From this family Brattle Street,
Cambridge, derives its name. Thomas Brattle (class of 1J60), son of Will-
iam Brattle, made his (^rounds the most celebrated in New En^and, and
although a fugitive in 1775, nevertheless, upon bis return after the war, he
had his political disabilities removed. The drowning of several students,
while bathing, caused Brattle, with his usual kind-heartedness, to erect a free
bath at the foot of the street formerly known as Bath Lane, now Ash Street.
General Mifflin, while quartermaster to the continental army, occupied the
house, which, during his occupancy, was visited by many persons distinguished
in the Bevolution. Samuel Appleton, a Boston merchant, was proprietor of
the place at oae time. Abraham W. FuUm, lAiQ're^ni^v^Qsi^'i^^Bsws***

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

ft merchant of Boston to enter the legal proft

bouse for about seventeen

fears. The property be-
longs to the estate of Sam-
uel Bati^litliler, who owned

also the Vassal House (59), ,

In whieh he resided.
At the corner beyond is

the University Press, a

large four- story wooden ;

building. To the south of

this building stands the~
61. New City BuUding,

on the south side of Mount

Auburn Street. It is a large

brick siruuture erected, in

1876, at a cost of about

S'5,000. The building is used as a police court, police stalion, ensine hmiBe,

ward-meeting house, several city olBces, art school, and day school The in-
terior is well finished, and
the whole is wvll adapted
to the purpose" for wbtih
It was erected Tl e tower
on tl e main portion of the

lun iited cloLk In the
upper stor es are the bat
t^r ea and s gn^l3 of the
f fir dcparCn nl

62 Hicks House i

w City Buildlni

the

) lie:

■fl mthr p an 1 Dunst r
stree s Tl hicfh t no
evLnt (.oni ctcd w tb this
Ivouee u thb f&c.t tbaC its
a- and occapaat at the time of lh6lLevoVa\io(i'««»50Qa'W«to- "^^^ ■«■»».■»»■

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

anient patriot, anil is «ai(l to have assisusd in llie deatrucdoa of t«a id Bos-
ton Harbor, December IG, 1773. Although exempted from militaiy serrice on
actouiil c)( W* age, he enlisted as a volunteer. He was one of the six citizens'
of Cambridge who were killed on the day of the so-called " Concord Fight,"
and to whose memory the city erected a monument in 1870, in the Town Bury-
ing Ground (41). The widow of Mr. Hicks lived to the advanced age of
ninety-nine jears, and many persona now hving have heard from her Kpa an
account of that memorable day. This house was built in I7G0. The nonli
room was used for a conniiUsary office !iy the direction c4 General Washington
during the stay of the army in Cambridge. Professra' Sidney Willard owned
and occupied [he liouse for many years,

63. St Paul'* CbUTOh, on Mt. Auburn Street, comer of Holyoke Street.
This house was originally dedicated
the 23d of February, 1831.

ithiii the scope of this

nfactui-ing i

One, however, is si

her educatloi

It of the n
9 of Cambridge.
D closely allied to
erests that wo de-
sire to mention it We refer to the
printing business. The first print-
ing-press in Ameriea, north of Mex-
ico, was Eietupin lG39in Cambridge.
At that time printers gained a foot-
hold here, and have retained it ever
since. To-day there are two large
establishments, from which thou-
sands of books of every description
are annually sent broadcast over the
St. Piui'i Church 163). country, 'J'he oldest of these is —

64. The ■University Press, where this volume is printed. This press has
for more than half a ceiitmy been unrivalled tor its issues of classical works,
and for the accuracy and lieauty of tlie many books which have appeared
bearing its imprint. It possesses a most complete assortment of Greek,

i>.CIU ulandiiiK- It i- tho flnt houso Ewt of Tbeyer Common. Hall (19).Hid ciin bo »™ to the
For mboBt ttirea quuten ot a ceatuij it ma occnpltd bjr Bo^tl Hone.

AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

Hebrew an 1 German tjpes and its reputation for fine wood-cut printing is
known throuchDut the country. It has iu conetant operation seven cylinder
and t(vpnt\ file Adinia presses, and possesses every facility for both electi'o-
tvping and stereotyping The building is situated on Brattle Square, and
cars from Boston pass it eiery few minutes. The main building ih four
atones lu height and is a very conspicuous object to all travellers through
the city or ii its iicinitj The proprietor are Wessi-s. John Wilson and
Charles L '\\ entworth under the firm name of John Wilson and Son.

AnioDj, tl e larioua wijs of reaching Ilarvanl College from Boston, one of
the mo t mtercBtinir although not the shortest, is the —

65 Brookline Bridge Houte. Starting from the southeast corner of Bos-
ton Common an 1 going «cbt on BoyUton Street, we pass in full view of several
elegint fiunly h Itls the lounj MeiCi, Ckrislinn Union.^ Masonic Temple,
Boslo 1 I'u/t c I brar/ Boston Common, — cont.iining the new Soldier's Mon-
umi.nt an I tho Old Ccmeltry fronting on BoyUton Street, — The Public
Garitn io" i an I Pro uieice Hailroail Depot, Arlington Street Chitn-h,
Central Congrcg itional Church, SisUrs* Notre Dame Academy., Society of

1 IMllcli

ID tba left tiBUd, and ttaa r

ie right tuDd «ide.

94 HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

Natural History Building, Institute of Technology, Hotel Brunswick^^ Museum
of Fine Arts, Trinity Churchy Second Unitarian Church, Chauncy Hall
School, New Old South Church. Crossing Clarendon Street to the New
Brattle Square Unitarian Churchy we pass through Commonwealth Avenue —
with its lovely park along its entire length — to Chester Park Street. We then
cross to Beucon Street. Near the intersection of these streets is the place
designated for the entrance to the proposed Back Bay Park, and in this vicin-
ity it is thought that a new bridge connecting Boston and Cambridge will be
built. Thus far the route has been through the Back Bay district, where
handsome residences are seen on every side. Continuing on Beacon Street,
Boston's fashionable drive, we soon reach the fork in the road where it
branches in three directions, the one on the left toward? Jamaica Plain, that
in the centre towards Newton Centre, while the one on the ri^^ht, which we
follow, leads to Briditon. Crossing Brookline Bridge we obtain a charminor
view of Charles River, and of Boston and its envii-ons. The bridge terminates
on the Cambridge side in Brookline Street, and at a short distance is Putnam
Avenue, which leads directly to the vicinity of the college. Passing through
Putnam Avenue, we obtain a good view of the Riverside Press, and of
the Boat House (30).

» 66. Hotel Bninswick, Boston, situated upon Boylston Street, comer of Clarendon Street, is one
of the mo8t comfortable and handHomcly fumisbed hotels in the world. The building, which is es-
•entlally flrc-proof, Ih 200 by 126 feet, six stories high, with basement, and contains 860 rooms. The
structure is of brick, with heavy sandstone trimmings. The principal finish of the first two stories
is of black walnut. On the right of the principal entrance are two parlors for the use of ladies,-
and on the left of the main entrance is the gentlemen's parlor. On the easterly side of the hotel is
the new dining hall dedicated upon Whittier-s serentieth birthday, when the proprietors of the
Atlantic Monthly gave the dinner at which so many noted Americnn writers were present. On the
riifht of the ladies' entrance is the large dining hall, 80 feet long by 48 feet wide Both dining halls
have marble tile floors, the walls being Pompeian red and the ceiling frescoed to correspond.

The five stories above are divided into suites of rooms and single rooms, all conveniently arranged,
and provided with all modern improvements, including open fire-places, besides steam heating
apparatus. Everything seems to have been done to make the house home-like, comfortable, and
attractive, and free from the usual cheerless appearance of hotels.

The cost of the building will come close to a million dollars.

The Brunswick was built in 1874, and enlarged in 1876. The architects were Peabody and Steams.
It is owned by Henry Bigelow Willinms (class of 1865). who also owns Felton Building (31). The
lessees and managers of the hotel are Messrs. Barnes and 1>unklee, who have fhmished it in Isyish and
magnificent style. It is conducted on the American plan, and under the skilled hands of the lessees
has proved to be such an hotel as Boston had never seen before.

President H&yea, when attending Harvard CommeTiceTOeTit»\t\\^TI , "«\^Ja.\\\%. t»s^i %xv^ vsd;^^ <«!cu-
p/ed moms fit the Braaswick. The rooms were wboWy teluTuaaXiedL wA \Xv^\tfA«^ ^^s&ysn.^^^ ^»«n^jA.
Jbr tbe occasion.

jBRJMfRgNCHvfe.

FURNISHINGS FOR STUDENT ROOMS.

CHAMBER SETS, CUSPADORES, SMOKING SETS, CLOCKS,

GLASSWARE, AND STUDY LAMPS.

All Articles In Pottery and Porcelain suitable tor Qlfte.

89, 91, & 93 Franklin Street, cor. Devonshire, Boston.

i^.

mNGlQME'

IO<-DffOMiffiW«MfON«

iHOIIBYPEPHIWlORmSillPrilltmllk »
I HUlOfHPE LtgiDtliaPHS prHt«l h SlMii.
I HEBCWPEi Clffi to piiirt u'itli !PiT«> « i!*
I HQIDWPE jJiaiMIffi lllHtR5,SilWCMBS"

CHARLES A. SMITH & CO.
MERCHANT TAILORS,

AND DIRECT IMPORTERS OF

FINE LONDON AND PARIS GOODS

FOR GENTLEMEN'S WEAR.

All gentlemen are invited to call and inspect our selections, which

comprise

THE LARGEST STOCK OF

FINE FOREIGN GOODS

EVER OFFERED IN THIS MARKET.

SPECIAL INDUCEMENTS TO CASH BUYERS.

CHARLES A. SMITH & CO.

iHercijant Sailors,
18 AND 20 SCHOOL STREET,

BOSTOH.

The Harvard Register,

DEVOTED TO ALL MATTERS PERTAINING TO

arbarb fflmbrersilg,

HER GEADUATES, HER OFFICERS, HER STUDENTS,

AND

HER FRIENDS.

The Harvard Register goes to press on the first day of each month, and
contains a vast amount of news relating to the progress being made in every
department of the University. It contains personal items of the success and
whereabouts of the graduates; marriage, birth, and death notices; biographical
and obituary sketches, &c. It is one of the

Handsomest Periodicals in the United States.

The publication has the hearty good- will of the authorities of the University.
Each number will contain illustrations of new buildings or apparatus, or portraits
of graduates and benefactors.

THE PUBLIC AT LARGE

have an interest in The Harvard Register, as a journal devoted to the
interests of higher education. The subscription price is $2.00 a year. Sample
copies sent on receipt of 25 cents.

MOSES KING,

Cambridge, Mass.

•THE GOLD*MEDAL^ -T.

-^wir

iJpAFllS • EXPOSITION • 1878 -1

v-%

osBPrK

roil EXCE1.I.EI4CE Iff

,«.THC • FAVORITE • N U M B C R8 • 303« 332 40 4, 1 70 35| WITH

aiLLOTTS OrH£R^&TYL£S-SOlD'BY' ALL^ OeALERS -t ^ ^\
' ^^ *^>^ THFl0U6H0UT^THE»WORLD-<r -iii^

(i^X^orti anti Cambritige''

DINING ROOMS,

13 Brattle St., Cambridge.

F. G. ALLNUTT, PROPRIETOR.

Families supplied with Escalloped Oysters, Boned Turkey, Salads,

Salad Dressing, Charlotte Russe, loe Cream,

Sherbet, &;c., at reasonable prices.

LIST OF BOOKS

PUBLISHED AND FOR SALE BY

Ohaeles W. Sever, Universitt Bookstore,

CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

FRENCH TEXT-BOOKS.

Chardenats French Series.

FRENCH PRIMER, FOR JUNIOR CLASSES. 5^ cents.

FIRST FRENCH COURSE, or Rules and Exercises for Beginners. By
C. A. Chardenal. i6mo. 220 pages. 75 cents.

SECOND FRENCH COURSE, or French Syntax and Reader. i6mo. 250
pages. 90 cents.

FRENCH EXERCISES FOR ADVANCED PUPILS, containing Rules

of French Syntax, Exercises on Rules and Idioms, and a Dictionan' of nearly Four
Thousand Idiomatical Verbs, {Sentences, Phrases, and Proverbs. i6mo. 332 pages.

?1.25.

These books have been carefully graded to meet the wants alike of the beginner and of the
advanced fiupil. Taken together, they furnish a complete course of French grammar, with exercises
for translation into French and English. The first two volumes contain, in addition, a French Reader,
with complete vocabularies ; and the last book contains also a long list of French idioms, arranged in
sections, with exercises for translation and rctranslation on each section.

COLLEGE TEXT-BOOKS.

CHAMPLIN'S ^SCHINES ON THE CROWN.

THK ORATION OF yESCHINKS ON THE CROWN acainst Ctesl^jKQ^ ^tK Nate.«^ Vix
J. T. Ch^mpl/x, President of Colby V3mveTOkX^,'^?L\.ctN\Vit,'^V-a:.x«.. \Txwi. ^vs?s^ \v.i.^-

Charles W. Sever s List of Books,

CHAMPLIN'S DEMOSTHENES ON THE CROWN.

ORATION OF DKMOSTHENES ON THE CROWN, with Notesby J' T. Champun,

President of Colby University. Waterville, Maine* lamc Cloth. $1.25.

CHAMPLIN'S DEMOSTHENES' POPULAR ORATIONS.

SKLKCT POPULAR ORATIONS OF DEMOSTHENES, with Notesby J. T. Champiik,
President of Colby University, Waterville, Maine. i2mo. Cloth. %\ 25.

FELTON'S AGAMEMNON.

THE AGAMEMNON OF yF.SCHYLUS, with Notes and Metrical Table, by C. C. Fflton,
LL.D , Professor of Harvard College. i2mo. Cloth. $125-

PEIRCE'S ALGEBRA.

ELEMENTARY TREATISE ON ALGEBRA. To which are added exponential Equation
and Logarithms. By Ben'jamin Peikck, A.M., Perkins Professor of Marhematics and Astron-
omy in Harvard College Stereotyped. i2mo. Cloth. $i.co

PEIRCE'S GEOMETRY.

ELEMENTARY TREATISE ON PLANE AND SOLID GEOMETRY, by Bbwjamin
Peikce, A.M., Perkins Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy in Harvard College. Plates.
i2nio. Cloth. $1.00.

LANE'S LATIN PRONUNCIATION.

LATIN PRONUNCIATION, by George M. Lane, Professor in Harvard University. Giving
the Pronunciation used in Harvard College, and recommended for such persons as are preparing
for Harvard. Paper 17 cents.

HILL'S PUNCTUATION.

GENERAL RULES FOR PUNCTUATION, and for the Use of Capital Letters, with Illus-
trative Extracts, by Prof. A S- Hill, of H.irvard College. Ninth thousand. 25 cents.

'* We can recommend it highly to those who feel in want of such guidance." — NntioHy vol. xix.

p. 398.

"This little work, laying down general rules for the guidance of writers, is both instructive and
useful." — Chicago Tribune

Lazv Books used as Text-books in Hansard Law School ^ and for sale at the Unwersify

Bookstore.

LANGDELL'S CONTRACTS $7.50

„ SALES 5.50

„ EQUITY PLEADING 7x»

SUMMARY OF EQUITY PLEADING a 00

„ FORMS OF PROCEDURE IN THE KING'S BENCH. .75
„ FORMS OF PROCEDURE IN THE COURT OF CHAN-
CERY 75

AMES'S TORTS 7.50

„ PLEADING ..**••« ^j»

f, BILLS AND NOTES • '^^'*^

Ci)

Charles W. Severs List of Books,

KEITH'S PHYSICS.

QUESTIONS AND NOTES IN PHYSICS, covering Parts I. and II. of Amott's Elements.
Adapted for Recitation ia Course and for Examination, and intended as an aid in preparing for
the Harvard Examinations for admission in Minimum Physics. By Merton S. Keith.
Paper. 50 cents.

TUFTS'S GEOGRAPHY.

QUESTIONS ON MODERN AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY.

TUFTS'S GREECE.

QUESTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY OF GREECE.

TUFTS'S ROME.

QUESTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY OF ROME. Especially suited
for Schools and Academies, and Students preparing for Harvard College. By J. F. Tufts, A.B.
Paper. 25 cents each.

HEDGE'S GERMAN PREPOSITIONS.

GERMAN PREPOSITIONS. By Frederic H. Hedge, Harvard University. Paper. 25 cents.

SHALER'S QUESTION GUIDE TO THE ENVIRONS OF BOSTON.

QUESTION GUIDE TO THE ENVIRONS OF BOSTON. Designed for the use of Begin-
ners in Geology in the Classes of Harvard University. Part I. Somerville and Cambriqge.
By Prof. N. S. Shaler, Harvard University. Paper. 25 cents.

FOURTH ORATION OF ISOCRATES — PANEGYRIC.

THE FOURTH ORATION OF ISOCRATES, called the Panegyric, as being addressed to
the Universal Assembly of all Greece, exhorting the Grecians to concord, and undertakmg
jointly a war against the Persians. Translation. Paper. 50 cents.

*' An. ArtlHiic Oem,''

KING'S HARVARD AND ITS SURROUNDINGS.

HARVARD AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. By Moses King, of Harvard College, Cam-
bridge, Mass. New Edition. Copiouslv illustrated with excellent Heliotypes, Engravmgs, and
Etchings Square i2mo. Crimson clotn, $150; paper, $1.00.

SIBLEY'S HARVARD GRADUATES.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF GRADUATES OF THE ACADEMIC DEPART-
MENT OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. By John Lang-
don Sibley, A.M., Librarian. Cloth. $5.00.

The object ofthe volume is to present, with great minuteness of detail, the results of more than a
quarter of a century's labor and research in collecting information respecting these representative men
of their time, and, by adding catalogue.* and bibliographical notices of their writings, to open to others
the way for lurther investigations.

VERSES FROM THE HARVARD ADVOCATE. Cloth. $1.50.

"To the recent graduate these verses will recall much of the spirit of his colleg^e Y^a.r?..» *svi <fik >ss.
elder graduates the volume wi)3 ^e precious 2is show\t\g vi\\aX out s\\cc'fe%'5>w%'««i ^iK\x^icixv^>^'«^^
and doing. " — C. £. JVorton. .^

"They cannot fail o£ doing credit to the literary skiW and VasXt ol V\vt >xcArxv^^^^^«* ^"^ '^'^ '^

Cftarles W, Severs List of Books.

LITTLE TIN GODS-ON-WHEELS;

Or, Society in our Modem Athens : A Trilogy after the manner of the Greek ; tdso Oxygen, a
Mt Desert Pastoral, from the Harvard Lampoon, Paper. 50 cents.

Divided into Three Parts : The Wall Flowers ; The Little Tin Gods-on-Wheels ; The Chaperons.
A broad burlesque of Boston society scenes.

HARVARD MEMORIAL BIOGRAPHIES. Edited by T. W. Higginson.
Two volumes. 8vo. ^4.00.

MEMOIR OF JARED SPARKS, LL.D. By George £. Ellis. With

Portrait. 8vo. Cloth. tz*oa.

SCIENTIFIC BOOKS.

ICONES MUSCOkUM ; or, Figures and Descriptions of most of those Mosses
peculiar to Eastern North America which have not been heretofore figured. By Wiluam S.
SuLLiVANT, LL.D. With Copperplates. 2 vols. Royal 8va Cloth. $25.00.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPAR-
ATIVE ZOOLOGY OF HARVARD COLLEGE. Published by order of the Legislature of

Massachusetts.

THE ANNALS OF THE OBSERVATORY OF HARVARD COL-
LEGE.

THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR

THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE.

THE MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY. 1859 to 1862. 3 vols. 4to. $600.
REPORTS OF THE PEABODY MUSEUM.

(4)

Thii book it under no oiroumitances t

take a from the Building

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