Henderson's superior agricultural seeds for fall sowing 1903 : seed wheat, rye, scarlet clover, grasses, etc

Historic, archived document

Do not assume content reflects current

scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

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Prices are subject to the fluctuations of the market. The prices herein named are those ruling August, 19038.
Delivery f.o.b. New York, bags extra.

ROPER Selection of Seed Wheat, as well as Proper Cultivation, are essen-
tial in securing highest results, for, like any other product, it is the poor article
that brings the poor returns, while there is always a market for the superior

product at remunerative prices. It costs almost as much to lay down an acre of wheat
that yields only 15 bushels per acre as one that will yield from 35 to 50 bushels—the first
scarcely returns the cost of the investment, while the latter yields a handsome profit,
and the leading essential needed to attain such results is to use superior seed. The
“running out” of certain varieties of wheat is considered by experts as due to the improper selection of wheat intended for seed pur-
poses, for wheat is such a strictly self-pollenizing plant that unless cross-pollination is practiced occasionally even between plants of the
same variety, and intelligent selection made of the ideal plants, there is a tendency towards loss of vigor and eventually it ‘‘runs out.”
“It is noteworthy that in this country the wheat hybrids thus far produced, which have given valuable results, are racial hybrids
in many cases very complex, including several different races.”’ —Year Book U. 8S. Dept. of Agriculture.
Most of the new varieties of HENDERSON’S SUPERIOR WHEATS that we offer in this catalogue are the offspring from
eross-bred combinations of meritorious Russian and American races, with some blood from the Mediterranean long berry. This is the
blood that was utilized in producing the widely-grown Winter Fife, Early Red Clawson, Early Genesee Giant, and other well-known
varieties, so that it may confidently be expected that the later, carefully-bred sorts now offered will show remarkable improvement in all
desirable qualities, including yield, gluten, milling qualities, hardiness, health, vigor, etc. HENDERSON’S SUPERIOR SEED
WHEAT isnotonly grown especially for seed purposes from choicest selected cross-bred and pedigree strains, but it is all recleaned at
our warehouses (250,000 bushels capacity), which are equipped with the most modern seed-cleaning machinery in America. This enables
us to supply direct to the farmer plump and heavy seed, of undoubted superiority, at lowest possible prices, where quality is considered.

TWO GRAND NEW WINTER WHEATS FOR 1908.

Henderson’s Superior

.. Seed Wheat

is grown from pedigree races.

Silver Sheaf Longberry Red (Bearded).

The most perfect Longberry Red Wheat grown. It will prove to
be the finest Longberry Red ever known, and will make asensation
among wheat growersand millersas soon as known. This marvel
originated from a cross between the well-known American Bronze
and a cross from Lancaster and a seedling Longberry. It is one
of the hardiest of all wheats, a strong, healthy grower and can be
sown very late. Ifsown early, 114 bushels of seed per acre will be
enough on strong soil. Straw of light yellow color, medium tall,
thick-walled and strong; head long, wide and full; chaff thin and
silvery white; grain large, dark and flinty, and nearly as long as
rye kernels. It willcommand the highest market price of any Long-
berry yet grown, and will be the leading fancy milling wheat ofthis
country. Price, $1.25 per peck, $3,50 per bushel.

Early Red Chief (Beardless).

We herewith introduce avery superior new wheat, for which
we predict a grand future. It originated from Early Red Clawson
and Red Arcadian. Without doubt, Early Red Chief will prove a
wonder in the wheat line, being a rough-and-ready sort that can
be depended upon for a granary filler even in unfavorable seasons.
It is one of the strongest-growing and productive sorts yet intro-
duced; its growth in the fall is strong, foliage large, thick and
dark, covering the ground early in the season, and can be sown very
late. Itis one of the first to start in spring. Straw exceptionally
thick-walled; strong heads, long and wide, carried erect, of a
reddish brown shade, completely packed with large, dark red
kernels. Price, 80c. per peck, $2.50 per bushel.

Two Grand
w WINTER
WHEATS

RURAL NEW YORKER “i.

yp eeeee are both the result of upwards of twenty years’ thoroughly scientific crossing and careful selection at
the hands of the late Mr. E. S. Carman, the well-known editor of the Rural New Yorker, and raiser of many
of the most valuable agricultural introductions of recent years. These two varieties have been selected

from hundreds of crosses and varieties as superior in all desirable qualities. They have now been grown in most

Rural New Yorker

(No. 57).

wheat-growing sections, and most flattering testimony has been
received by us regarding their merits.

“Bearded” Rural New Yorker

(Number 57)

has heavily-bearded heads which are beautifully symmetrical, being
pointed at the tip, broad in the middle, and tapering towards the stem.
The straw is unusually tall and strong and stools freely, frequently
having 35 to 40 stalks from a single grain. The heads are com-
pact, averaging three kernelsto a spikelet or ‘‘breast,” and ten breasts
to aside. The kernels are of medium size and of an attractive color,
between the so-called ‘‘red’”’ and amber, possessing the requisite
degree of hardness for the production of the finest grade of flour, and
is much sought after by millers. The chaff is clear white, with a trace
of velvet sufficient to make it difficult for the green fly to attack it, and
the heads do not mildew as the full velvet chaff varieties are liable to do.
(See cut.) 75c. per peck, $2.25 per bushel ; 10-bushel lots, $2.00 per bushel.

“Beardléss” Rural New Yorker

(Number 6)

This beardless variety is a hybrid between Rye and Armstrong
Wheat, though all traces of Rye have disappeared and it now appears
a handsome, beardless Wheat. It succeeds and produces heavy
crops on poor, thin land, where Wheat could not be successfully
or profitably grown, and it also has extreme hardiness to recom-
mend it. When first raised, some years ago, the top of the culms
was downy with Rye culms. This characteristic could not be fixed,
so that for this variety the culms having no down were alone selected.
The gold-colored straw is very thick and strong, easily supporting
the heavy grain without breaking. The large amber kernels are
placed four to a breast, eight breasts to a side, with long symmetrical
heads having a brown chaff. (See cut) One of our growers says:

“It stools as strong as any wheat I ever saw. It had a vigorous, healthy growth
all the season, and stood well without lodging. Itis very hardy.”

(5c. per peck, $2.25 per bushel ; 10-bushel lots, $2.00 per bushel.

ai) ) A
Wi

Beardless
Rural New Yorker (No. 6).

HENDERSON’S SUPERIOR SEEDS are procurable only from us direct—we do not supply through Dealers.

Bearded Winter Fife.

A GRAND Wheat, the progeny of the celebrated Winter Fife crossed with two excellent seedlings. It retains
all of the good qualities of the parents, marking a steady advance over the latter in quality, productive-
ness and the flinty character of the grain. It is without doubt the hardest of all wheats grown. In milling
qualities it is superior, containing sufficient gluten for making quick-raising flour of chalk-like whiteness and
light bread. It is one of the earliest wheats, ripening with the Early Red Clawson; a strong, healthy grower,
stooling rapidly in the fall; starts early in the spring, and is one of the first to head. Strawa little above medium
height, strongand wiry; heads very long, wide and well filled ; chaff white and bearded; grain medium long, plump
and of clear amber shade; bran exceptionally thin, hence will make more flour than most any sort grown. It is
one of the heaviest-weighing sorts. It took the first place at the Kentucky Experiment Station over 17 other
varieties grown under same conditions. (Sze cut.) 75c. per peck, $2.00 per bush. ; 10-bushel lots, $1.85 per bush.

Henderson’s Superior Seed Wheat.

!
: \\ \ | It costs almost as much to lay down an acre of wheat that
\ \\\ \ | yields only 15 bushels per acre as one that will yield from 35 to
\ \\ 50 bushels. The first scarcely returns the cost of the investment
\ \ while the latter yields a handsome profit. The leading essential
Ve VV needed to attain such results is to sow Henderson’s Superior Seed
WAYNE Wheat, which is grown especially for seed purposes from ecross-
bred, select pedigree strains of undoubted superiority.

Gold Coin (Beardless).

A very popular wheat that the increasing demand for the
seed would indicate is a most satisfactory variety over a large
extent of territory. It is unusually productive, having yielded
over 60 bushels per acre—while 50 and over is not unusual—and
even on large acreages it seldom runs under 40 bushels per
acre. One of its enthusiastic users writes:

“Tt is the best variety for yielding and standing up ever placed before
the American farmer, and fairly crowds out other kinds where it has been
tried in this section.”

“Clawson and Fife do well.on my farm, but the Gold Coin does best ot
all. You should callit ‘Henderson's Best of All Wheat.’””

The straw is very stiff and does not lodge even on the richest
land. The head is long and compactly filled with choice white
grain, frequently having five kernels abreast. (See cut.)

75¢c. per peck, $2.00 per bush; 10-bushel lots, $1.85 per bush.

Pedigree (§27nee) Giant. (Hali-Bearded.)

This variety is truly a wonder in the wheat line for thrifty
fall growth, early spring stooling, strong, short-jointed straw,
solid filled head, fine, hard, amber grain and exceptionally
fine milling qualities. On strong clay loam or river bottom it
has yielded at the rate of 6014 bushels per acre, and stands up
well under high culture. It isa cross from the old Genesee
Giant, possessing all of the good qualities of that famous variety
when at its best. Itis stronger in growth, more compact in
head, and produces a verylargegrain. Can be sown very late
with a certainty of standing the winter and gives an enormous
yield. Sow late and use two bushels of seed per acre. (See cut.)

75¢c. per peck, $2.25 per bush. ; 10-bushel lots, $2.00 per bush.

EEL GIANT

Bearded
Winter Fife.

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I

Gold Coin.

Henderson’s Superior Seed Wheat produces Superior Crops.

Jones’ Bearded Longberry. (No.1)

E are confident that this variety will prove to be the most profitable Longberry yet known —it is the result
of experiments in crossing this type covering several years—and we feel that it will rapidly displace the
old Longberries now no longer profitable on account of weak vitality and light yield, although their quality
is the standard by which all other sorts are judged. JONES’ BEARDED LONGBERRY (No. 1) is a grand

variety and one of the most productive, hardy and profitable sorts ever sent out. It has made a record of 541¢

bushels per acre. It has a sturdy, wiry straw of good length, not liable to lodgé even on very fertile soil; heads

long, wide and exceptionally well filled, bearded and of a rich brown shade; kernels large and long, of an attractive

blending of red and amber, indicating to millers its high milling character and requisite hardness for producing

a fine grade of flour. Especially adapted for late sowing, giving large yields when sown in October. (See cut.)
75¢. per peck, $2.25 per bushel; 10-bushel lots, $2.00 per bushel.

Pride of Genesee (Bearded).

One of the most productive varieties, having a long, well-filled head, and the fact that it will give a reasonably
good crop on land so poor that common sorts would be a failure, cannot fail to make it a popular sort, as the head
does not decrease in proportion to the straw, being large and well filled
on a very short, light growth of straw.
75c. per peck, $2.25 per bushel; 10-bushel lots, $2.00 per bushel.

Clawson Longberry (Beardless).

This grand cross-bred Longberry was produced from the same blood
that bore the famous Red Clawson crossed with Longberry stock. It
resembles, in some respects, Red Clawson in the field, but is a stronger
grower and more prolific stooler, and has sturdy, wiry straw. Heads
long, wide and full; chaff, brown and free from beards; grain, dark am-
ber of the finest quality, large, long, and of true Longberry type. Like its
parents, it delights in strong clay loam, and on such soil, with thorough
preparation, it will often yield fifty bushels or more per acre. It is
largely grown by some of the best wheat growers, by whom it is highly
recommended. (See cut.) Sow 1! bushels per acre.

7d5¢c. per peck, $2.25 per bushel; 10-bushel lots, $2.U0 per bushel.

Diamond Grit or Winter SasKatchewan
(Bearded).

A worthy rival to the hard spring wheats. It is superior to every
known winter wheat for milling, with the added advantage of making
more and finer flour per bushel than any other sort. It is wonderfully
productive, of medium height, and of strong, wiry growth; is extremely
hardy and very early. The heads, of medium length, are closely set with
grain, 4 and 5 kernels abreast—in fact, the head is nearly all grain, of
dark red color, short, plump, and weighing 64 lbs. to the measured bushel.
This wheat adapts itself to all soils, and has a promising future. (See cut.)

7d5c. per peck, $2.00 per kushel ; 10-bushel lots, $1.85 per bushel.

_ DIAMOND GRIT

WINTER SASKATCHEWAN

Jones’ Bearded
Longberry
(No. 1).

||
Clawson Longberry.

We shail be pleased fo make Special Prices (where possible) to buyers of large quantities of Grain or Grass Seed. Write us.

lor)

OHSS WINTER OATS. |

INTER or TURF OATS are quite extensively grown

in the Southern States, where they are in high favor.

Sown in the fall they either afford excellent pasturage

during the winter or give abundant yield the following season.

The demand for oats of this character has been gradually
extending northward, and to meet it we have been growing in
Northern Pennsylvania, for several years, an acclimatized
strain which is remarkably hardy and will stand the winter
as far north as New Jersey. They are incomparably superior to
the Winter or Turf Oats of Virginia; they stool out strongly,
are earlier, more vigorous and less susceptible to rust; they
have stiff straw, stand up well, and are much more productive
than Spring Oats. Sow in September, atthe rate of 114 bushels
per acre, and sow deep. They will stand much more severe
weather when planted four inches deep than near the surface. (See cuz.)
40c. peck, $1.15 bushel of 32 1lbs.; 10-bushel lots and upwards, $1.10
bushel.

=

Winter — i 7A 4: : Giant
Oats. ’ Wint
i SUPERIOR... WINTER RYE. je]

Rye is a valuable crop for either soiling, green fodder, straw or grain. It is largely used by farmers to
seed down with in the fall, and is considered preferable to wheat for this purpose, as it protects the youn
grass, and matures two weeks earlier in the summer than wheat. :

Winter.—The variety most commonly cultivated. $1.10 bushel of 56 lbs.; 10-bushel lots, $1.00 bushel.

Excelsior Winter.—A new variety from Vermont that has never failed to yield at the rate of 40 to 50 bushels per acre. With
the originator, a four-acre field yielded 52 bushels to the acre. $1.50 bushel of 561bs.; 10-bushel lots, $1.40 bushel.

Thousandfold.— Said to be the most productive Rye in cultivation. $1.50 bushel of 56 1bs.; 10-bushel lots, $1.40 bushel.

Giant Winter —Unquestionably the heaviest cropping Rye in existence, having in fair tests outyielded all other varieties both
in straw and grain. The heads average six to eight inches in length and are filled from end to end with large, plump, heavy
grains. The straw is giant in length and strength and of extraordinary stiffness, resisting severe wind and rain storms to a
remarkable degree without loiging. (See cut.) . $1.75 bushel of 56 1bs.; 10-bushel lots, $1.60 bushel.

We are always pleased to hear from our farmer friends and offer any advice free on subjects connected with farm crops, etc.

Grass Seeds —a4y Fi

Special quotations for /arge Quantities.
Prices subject to variation.

Henderson’s Superior Grass Seeds

are of high germination and of choicest, recleaned
quality. Our warehouses (250,000 bushels ca-
pacity), being especially equipped with the most
modern seed-cleaning machinery, enable us to
supply Recleaned Grass Seeds of undoubted supe-
riority at lowest possible prices when quality is
considered. We are to-day the largest suppliers
ofrecleaned grass seeds direct to the farmer, and
ifat times lower prices are quoted, depend upon
it that it is at the sacrifice of quality, for we are
so equipped that NO ONE CAN UNDERSELL US
FOR THE SAME QUALITIES.

At both the Pan-American Exposition
and the World’s Fair we received

SIXTY-FIVE MEDALS AND AWARDS,

a large proportion of which were granted
to our Grasses and Clovers for superior
quality and purity of sample.

Weight | Per | Per Per
per bush.) bush.} Ib. | 100 lbs.

AWNLESS BROME CRASS. (Bromus Inermis.) <A new forage plant
of the utmost importance, particularly in dry and Southern

Bechions!yyiel dSTeNOnMOLIShys ees eoreee ce eee eee nen aeee se eeeere 14 lbs. |$2.60)$0.20' $16.00
BERMUDA, (Cynodon Dactylon.) Valuable for Southern States,

Withstandsthe heat anGdnOUr hth re.cccscscny-cere suresseteeesssecrcnteeesaceeeences 835 Ibs. |......... -80) 70.00
Canada Blue Grass. Useful for sowing on hard clay and poor soil |) alebaveys, || aloes) cate by = SU Coya)
Creeping Bent Grass. (Agrostis Stolonifera.) Excellent for lawns;

succeeds well in moist situations. About 2 bushels to the acre......... 20 lbs. 5.25 28 25.00
Crested Dog’s Tail. (Cyuosurus Cristatus.) Should enter in moderate

quantity in permanent pasture mixtures and lawnB................06000 21 Ibs. |10.00 Asy0) 45.00
ENCLISH RYE GRASS. (Lolium Perenne.) A valuable Grass. 2%

tO 3 DushelS CO Che Acres... eee sees ceeeeneescenesesnnsreeseertescenrecerseeeseners 24 1bs. | 2.00) .10) 8.00
Fine-Leaved Sheep’s Fescue. (/’estuca Ovina Tenuifolia) .........-.....++- 14 lbs. 5.75 45 40.00
HARD FESCUE. (Festuca Duriuscula.) Dwarf, hardy grass, of great

value for dry situations, indicates superior quality in hay........ ........ 12 lbs. | 2.40 22| 18.00
HUNGARIAN GRASS. (Panicum Germanicum.) Is a valuable annual

forage plant. 1 bushel to the acre. Price variable.................. ....| 48 lbs. QED Olleesscecs| Pe seo
ITALIAN RYE GRASS. (Lolium Italicum.) Unequaled for producing

an abundance of early spring feed, giving quick and successive

growths througphout the/SCasOM...--c.):cthwsccessee--becccceeees -cosececesesecceaennee 18 lbs. | 1.50) .10 8.00
Johnson Grass. (Sorghum Halapense.) Of greatest importance for

the|SouthweVeryarenderandinutiitioisi secs eee eee eee 25 lbs. | 4.00 18 14.00
KENTUCKY BLUE GRASS. (Poa Pratensis.) Very valuabie for a

variety of soils from moist to dry, furnishes delicious and luxuriant

pasturage and makes excellent hay. Fancy or double extra clean... .| 14 Ibs. 2.35 -20| 16.00
MEADOW FESCUE. (Festuca Pratensis.) Of great value for per-

manent pasture and hay, robust grower and nutritious.................... 22 Ibs. 3.75 18 16.00

MEADOW FOXTAIL. (Alopecurus Pratensis.) Resembles Timothy,
but of much earlier and more rapid growth, particularly valuable for
permanent pastures and HAY. (S€€ CUL.).........0.cecceeceeccecsscneseneeneeecsase 7 lbs. 2.60 40 35.00

ORCHARD GRASS. (Dactylis Glomerata.) One of the most valuable
of all grasses, for either grazing or mowing, of early, rapid and

LUIUn AM STO WU USCACULS) rccmctets eetetce terete ee eee 14 lbs. 2.75 .22| 19.00
Red or Creeping Fescue. (Festuca Rubra.) Suitable for sandy sea-

Coastsiand dryiSOlUs ii, tecreniccsres secon ecccateccsrreteesaes teetessenes sete anareviiioasceaen 14 Ibs. 4.25 .32| 28.00
RED TOP GRASS. (Agrostis Vulgaris.) -| 14 1bs. 1.45) 12 9.00

Hancy.recleaned {silver Seed ences sces nec cee rete cecnncccsarte ener cen ote vee eee eaae 82 lbs. | 5.25) .18) 15.00
Rhode Island Bent Grass. (Agrostis Canina.) A very fine variety for

lawns. About 3 bushels to the Acre..............scceccssesseccececcaeeeccneescsesans 14 1bs. | 5.25 40! 35.00

Rough-Stalked Meadow Grass. (Poa Trivialis.) Valuable for pastures| |
and meadows, particularly on damp soils. 1% bushels to the acre..| 14 lbs. 5.25 .40| 35.00 |
SHEEP'S FESCUE. (Festuca Ovina.) Excellent for uplands and dry

pastures, of close, dense and nutritive growth, relished by sheep....... 12 lbs. | 2.40 -22) 18.00
Sweet Vernal Crass. True Perennial. (Anthoxanthum Odoratum.)

Very aromatic, giving hay a fine flavor. ............02.c0cee. ccceccocsecceeeresneee TOMS) o)L525.0)a 6 Ole sccesscess
TALL MEADOW FESCUE. (Festuca LElatior.) Very early, nutritive

and productive. Valuable on wet or Clay SOIIS ..........0..0.0ccceeceeeeeeeeee es 14 lbs. 6.50 50} 45.00

TALL MEADOW OAT GRASS. (Avena Elatior.) Recommended for
soiling, being rapid and luxuriant initsgrowth. 4to5 bush. peracre} 10 lbs. 2.70 -28 25.00
TIMOTHY. (Phleum Pratense.) We offer a particularly ‘‘choice”’

sample, % bushel per acre. Price variable.. Q 45 lbs. 3.25 10 7.00
Various-Leaved Fescue. (Festuca Heterophylla.)... -.......cc0cccceceeecceeee 14 Ibs. 3.65 28| 25.00
Wood Meadow Crass. (Poa Nemoralis.) Ofearly growth and thriy-
ing well under trees. 2 bushels to the acre............:ccssseseeceecesecssereeeees 14 lbs. | 6.50) .50) 45.00 ORCHARD GRASS.

fs" HENDERSON’S FARMERS’ MANUAL. {irata'gon tain’ seebse: Sestaunevsneienacime! MAILED FREE,

HENDERSON’S

OPEGINL GAASD MIXTURE

For Hay and Permanent Pasture.

This famous mixture has seeded thousands of
acres of meadow and pasture land for progres-
sive farmers and stock raisers in various parts
of the United States, with most gratifying
results. It is a well-balanced combination of
a numberof native and acclimated foreign
grasses and clovers, blended and improved
upon during exhaustive trials under widely
varied conditions, soils and localities for several
years, until practically perfect, our aim being
to produce under the extremes of the American
climate of heat, drought and cold, a PERMA-
NENT, dense and deep-rooting turf that would
yield year after year the maximum quantity of
hay and afterwards to afford, if desired, a con-
stant and abundant pasturage. Another im-
portant essential being superior quality, invit-
ing, sweet and nourishing, whether as hay or
pasture. That we have been successful is
attested by the numerous letters of praise for
this special grass mixture that we have received
from the users, and the tributes to its merits
published in many of the agricultural journals.
Space permits us to print extracts from but a
few of these encomiums on succeeding pages,
to which we refer you, and for the complete
description of Henderson’s Special Grass Mix-
ture for Hay and Permanent Pastures, ses
next page,

FARM SE DS :-:5

PRICES

Henderson’s Special Grass Mixtures

(Described on pages 3 to 8)
Per Bushel of 14 Pounds.

For Hay and Permanent Pasture for Light soils
a «6 WO Se Medium soils

Heavy soils Per bushel, $2.50

‘* Woodlands and Orchards, . . . . (page 12) a8 ga i ao

“« Hay only,......... . «(page l10)|\ 799 «
‘s Pasture only, «2s 2 2) 6 ss Mase 11) at 2.35

‘© Renovating Old Pastures,. . . . (page 12).

66 66 66 66

MIXED PERMANENT CLOVERS should be sown in addition to the above grass

mixtures, but on account of greater weight the
clover should be sown separately, and in cold
10 Pounds required latitudes, in the spring. This mixed clover com-
for 1 acre, $2.25. prises white, Mammoth Perennial or Cow Grass,

sike, ete.

For HAY and

PERMANENT PASTURE

Produces Wonderful Hay Crops and Luxuriant
Pasture

The Yield of Hay under favorable conditions averages 3 to 4
tons per acre at the first cutting, or nearly double that of
Timothy and Clover, and larger yields are not unusual; then,
if not pastured, the second crop is usually about one-half the
quantity of the first. This shows the great value of this

special mixture of grasses over Timothy, which seldom yields }

a second crop, nor can it be pastured after cutting without
seriously damaging the next season’s yield, for Timothy after
cutting throws its strength into its bulbous base, on which its
yield the next season depends.

In Earliness this special grass mixture is about two weeks
ahead of Timothy, enabling the haying to be finished before
grain harvesting presses. This earliness gives a longer
growing season for the aftermath, whether it is to be pastured
or again cut for hay.

Pasturage. After the hay crop is cut the grass commences
to grow at once, recovering its verdure in a few days’ time and
affording a continuous pasturage even through dry summer
weather, until winter sets in; or the field may be pastured
from earliest spring and still be in prime condition for yielding
hay or pasture the next season, and so on year after year, for
the various grasses composing this special mixture are all
dense, fibrous-rooting varieties, sustaining no injury from crop-
ping—proving its value over Timothy, which would be injured,
probably ruined, under similar conditions.

Permanency. MHenderson’s Special Grass Mixture for Hay
and Permanent Pasture, if properly laid down, will maintain its
heavy cropping qualities twenty years and more if occasionally
top-dressed with manure or suitable commercial fertilizer, and it
will steadily improve, whereas a stand of Timothy soon com-
mences to become thin and in three or four years must be plowed
up and resown or rotated—with all of the attendant expense.

Heat and Drought-Resisting. The various kinds of grasses
composing this special mixture are fibrous, deep-rooting varie-
ties that spread and intermingle, forming a tough matted sod,
free from stooling or tussock growth, and, in consequence, the
grasses protect their own roots and are therefore less susceptible
to extremes of heat and drought, retaining their verdure even
through dry, hot weather, when Timothy is burned up.

Prices...

HENDERSON’S SPECIAL GRASS MIXTURE for HAY and PERMANENT
PASTURE, for light soils,
es in ordering): $2.50 per bushel of 14 Ibs.; 20-bushel lots @ $2.45 per bushel;
50 bushels @ $2.40; 100 bushels @ $2.35. Mixed Permanent Clovers, 10 lbs. tosow an acre, $2.25. (See page 8.)

Adapted to a Wide Range of Soils and Climate. This
special mixture of grasses will thrive under a greater variety
of soil and climatic conditions than Timothy, and in many
instances gives bountiful returns where Timothy can scarcely
be grown.

Daisies cannot exist in an established field of this special
grass mixture—which covers the ground so thoroughly with
dense turf, and if daisies be in the field they do not get a chance
to seed, the hay being ready to cut before the daisies are ripe.

The Initial Cost is more in seeding with Henderson’s
Special Grass Mixture, but the ultimate returns are much
more profitable than those from ordinary hay and pasture
fields, and when the other advantages are considered—includ-
ing the permanency of a maintained yield—the first expense
will be found a paying and satisfactory investment.

The Seed Required. The amount of seed necessary to
sow an acre largely depends on the quality of the land;
the poorer the soil the larger the quantity required.
Taking one soil with another, and owing to the fact that
the seeds we use are of higher quality and better cleaned
than ever, a fair average would be 3 bushels to the acre.
The thicker the seeds are sown the sooner will a fine, close
turf be obtained.

To those accustomed to sow Timothy and Clover, the quantity
of seed we recommend will seem large, but the seeds of these
permanent grasses are quite different from Timothy, being
much larger and lighter; but experience has proven that satis-
factory results cannot be obtained with less seed than we
recommend, unless under exceptionally favorable circum-
stances. It may be sown in either spring or fall.

A Description of Soil and Locality should be given when
ordering. In the preparation of these mixtures for permanent
pasture, the greatest care is exercised in selecting such
varieties as are suited to the soil to be sown and are likely to
realize the object in view. To facilitate this, a description of
the soil and climate, and the purpose for which sown, and if
with or without a grain crop, should accompany each order.
FULL DIRECTIONS FOR SOWING ENCLOSED IN EVERY
BAG.

medium soils or heavy soils (state which

‘3

5‘ 8 Z : eS : tee a Z = 4 Fae TRS : A
N ONS PE E WSSe

HENmesovs sr=c\. PERMANENT HAY

LTHOUGH the most widely cultivated hay grass in the United States is Timothy,

PRODUCES or a mixture of Timothy and Clover, and while they answer the purpose

admirably on farms where the soil is suitable and where the usual three and

DOUBLE THE QUANTITY four years’ rotation is carried on, yet, there are many other grasses which will
yield more profitable returns.

of The prevailing low prices of Wheat, Corn and other grain crops have made their

growing, and the usual rotation farming unprofitable, especially in the Eastern States,
where it is impossible to compete with the rich prairie soils of the West, but hay
still yields a fair profit, and the farmer whose land is sown with a proper mixture
of Permanent Grasses, requiring only an occasional top-dressing of manure or
fertilizer to MAINTAIN THEHIR HEAVY CROPPING QUALITIES FOR

TIMOTHY and CLOVER

and maintains the yield 20 years and

more. TWENTY YEARS OR MORE, does away with the necessity for plowing and
rotation cropping with all its attendant expense.
WAY The most serious item of expense on the farm, the labor bill, can be largely reduced

and thus give reasonable prospect of profitable annual returns at a minimum of
labor and expense. The seed of these Permanent Grasses is more costly than
Timothy, and more is required per acre, but by reason of their heavy cropping quali-
ties and permanency they soon repay the extra cost and leave a handsome margin
for the farmer, when the cost of plowing, harrowing and re-seeding Timothy every
three and four years is taken into consideration.

The grasses used in this Mixture recover quickly after the hay crop is cut, and yield
either a second crop or pasture in the greatest abundance during the summer and fall
months. Within a few days after cutting, their rich green appearance as compared
with Timothy is a desirable feature, especially in fields close to the house, as it gives
a park-lawn effect to the surroundings. Sow 3 bushels per acre. Directions in every bag.
Price, 32.50 per bush.; 20 bush. @ $2.45; 50 bush. @ $2.40; 100 bush. @ $2.35. (State
whether wanted for light, medium or heavy soils.) Mixed Permanent Clovers, 10
lbs. to sow an acre, $2.25; should be sown in spring. (See page 8.)

SUPPLIES A GOOD CROP OF

HAY

In dry seasons when ordinary
Hayfields are burned up. 3 3:

QUALITY SUPERIOR.

FROM“ e—_ ee", eee Dl

PROCURABLE OND y-aeeryaeaae HENDERSON. & CO.,NEW YORK: :-

nDERSONS OPECIAL Gpass MIXTURE

PERMANENT PASTURE.

morass arxture © PERMANENT PASTURE
omen ee Ae |

PASTURAGE

HERE is no more important part of a farm than a good pasture, and that can only be obtained
by the use of the proper grasses, varieties that have different root formations and different
habits and seasons of growth, in order to maintain a rich, close turf throughout the entire
season. Timothy should never be used for pasture, because it will not stand trampling, and
soon runs out when heavily pastured and at best is short-lived, as compared with the perma-

nent grasses used in our Special Mixtures. These Mixtures contain over a dozen of the best perma-
nent grasses, both American-grown and imported. All are permanent, and when once established
will last indefinitely, if the fertility of the soil is kept up by occasional top-dressing. Owing to the
different habits of growth, the grasses grow closer together and form a rich, close turf, covering
the soil completely and forming a protection to the roots during hot, dry weather, thereby enabling
these grasses to maintain a rich green appearance when Timothy and other grasses are burned
up. The thick turf also prevents animals poaching through and destroying the pasture.

We have for years studied the subject of pastures and their formation with exhaustive tests on
our own trial farms, where we have had growing separately and in different mixtures all the grasses
of which seed can be procured in commercial quantities. These trials have been broadly studied and
the results watched with critical interest on the farms of our customers. We are in an unrivalled
position to advise you on the subject and to supply suitable grass seeds for Permanent Pasture.
While it costs a little more to seed an acre with this special mixture, yet results are so superior and
permanent that they more than offset the original cost. Sow not less than 3 bushels per acre.
Directions enclosed in every bag.

PRICE: $250 per bushel; 20 bushels @ $2.45; 50 bushels @ $2.40; 100 bushels @ $2.35.
(State whether wanted for light, medium or heavy soils.)

Mixed Permanent Clovers, 10 lbs. to sow an acre, $2.25. Should be sown in spring. (See page 8.)

ror 20 Years

AND MORE,

From Earliest Spring until
Winter.

GREEN AND SUGGULENT
ALL SUMMER LONG,
WHEN

ORDINARY GRAZING LANDS
ARE BURNED UP.

UNQUESTIONABLY
SUPERIOR.

+ FARM SEED

ENDERSON’S
Renovating Mixtur
FOR

Improving Old Pastures. those sorts that are best suited for sowing on old pastures or meadows, and it will

speedily improve the quality and increase the produce. March and Aprilare the
best months for sowing, choosing an interval between rains if possible, though,
20-bushel lots, $2.4 hel. if inconvenient to sow then, very satisfactory results can be obtained by fall sowing.
Hengy oss. $2:45 De: Buchel After sowing, the ground should be lightly harrowed and afterward well rolled.

$2.50 per bushel of 14 Ibs.

Mixed Clovers, 5 Ibs. to sow an acre, $1.15.

fertilized or manured, frequently become impoverished and deficient in the

more valuable and nutritious grasses, and in time become unprofitable. It is

e frequently unnecessary to plow up such land unless it be full of weeds. The turf
should be well harrowed with a sharp-tooth harrow, and, if possible, top-dressed
with soil and well-rotted stable manure, which should be well harrowed in, and
then sown with HENDERSON’S RENOVATING MIXTURE, atthe rate of one
bushel per acre, and five pounds of mixed clovers. This mixture is composed of

G RASS lands, in consequence of being constantly mown or pastured without being

|

ne oe

Tid sa

excessive wood growth, in which case it is desirable to sow the land with
grasses, it is now customary to sow orchards with cover crops, such as Cow
Peas, Clover, ete. These are plowed under and the orchard kept in constant
cultivation. But where it is desired to sow the orchard with grass, or for wood-
land pastures, even when the shade is comparatively dense, we can with all

ENDERSON’S Special ieee there is a superabundance of nitrogen in the soil atid aegheame
Grass Mixture

confidence recommend this mixture.
Buds Woodland Pastures. It is composed of a selection of grasses which from exhaustive experiments

$2.50 per bushel of 14 Ibs.
20-bushel lots, $2.45 per bushel.

we have found will thrive under trees. Orchard Grass is, of course, one of the
best grasses for the purpose, but this mixture is much superior, as it will make a
closer and more even pasture than Orchard Grass alone.

HENDERSON’S
SIP IE SUANIE
GRASS
MIXTURE

for HAY and
PERMANENT
PASTURE.

Described and priced
on pages 8 and 9.

PENNSYLVANIA.

“The grass seed I bought of you produced four mowings for feeding during
last season and is the best piece of grass in this section.” Rev. U. MYERs.

“The growth is sinply wonderful, and do not think there is any other grass
to equalit for hay or pasture. I sowed about ten acres, from which I have cut
what I consider the best hay ever made on my farms.” J. S. Lone.

“The Grass seed sent me turned out well. It makes a good grass for
meadow or for grazing. It is fine, close grass and the cattle like it.”
PAu A. OLIVER.

“The green appearance of the field attracted universal attention. The seed
seemed to get hold of the soil completely. It has far surpassed clover and timo-
thy in the amount it yields.’’ : J. B. CUMMINGS.

CONNECTICUT.

“The 16 bushels Permanent Pasture Grass you sent me has proved a per-
fect success. I shall want more in the spring.” J. S. MACFARLANE.

““T used 30 bushels of your mixture for permanent meadow on seven acres
in one fieid, and a little Jess than three acres in another. This year from the
three acres I got 9 two-horse loads of excellent quality, and from the seven
acres I got 28 two-horse loads, averaging a ton each. I expect to get a good
second crop. Whe mixtures are better than the old-fashioned seeding of Timothy,
Red-top and Clover.” R. E. HOLMEs.

NEW JERSEY.

“From your Permanent Pasture Mixture, about eighty bushels, I had two
crops, together about 3% tons per acre.” EK. J. GEHBEN.

“Your Grass Mixture was acknowledged by all who saw it to be the best
field of grass in this section.” JOHN S. BIGELOW.

“We mowed a very good crop the 20th of June, and in two weeks had
good pasture—the best in the township, and very good now, and much admired
by the neighboring farmers. Our Timothy meadow is nearly all killed or dried
up, no pasture. But the Special Grass Mixture is now very nice and green.”

=f. W. BRUEN.

“‘T have an even, solid stand of grass that affords ample pasture, and far
betier than those adjoining me who depend on Clover and Timothy.’’

E. P. LAFETRA.
VERMONT.

“T have used your grass seeds for several years, and they are easily the best
in the market.” F. C. KIMBALL.

“Tam more than pleased with the results of both Lawn and Pasture, and
am satisfied that P. H. & Co.’s seeds are unsurpassed.” C. F. HAstines.

ONLY A FEW OF
MANY

LETTERS
OF PRAISE

from
STOCK MEN
and

FARMERS

We have
HUNDREDS MORE of
SIMILAR PURPORT

VIRGINIA.

“My manager is enthusiastic over your Mixture for Hay and Permanent
Pasture. He claims this year he cut 3 tons per acre the first cutting, 1% tons the
second, and will cut 2 tons the third. The field is a grand sight. People come for
miles around to see it.” E. E. Barney.

TOW Ls.
“The Grass Mixture I got 01 you has done extra well, especially this year of

drought. It stood the drought and yielded about twice as much as Timothy,
and the cattle seem to do better on it.’’ WILLARD WATSON.

MARYLAND.

“Tt gives me pleasure to inform you that trom the Grass seed I bought of you
IT got a good stand and a splendid growth. I am well pleased ; it does well in this
section.” S. C. Jones.

NEW YORKES.
ae The crop was much in excess of ordinary grass seeds or Timothy used in the
neighborhood. As an evidence of my satisfaction, I have seeded down another
Jot this fall, using the same seed.”’ JAMES A. MILLER, JR.

“ The Special Grass Mixtures bought from you have given every satisfaction,
and, after my experience with them, I should never think of planting Timothy
again.’ CHARLES H. LEAYCRAFT.

“It’s the finest piece of grass anywhere about here. An old farmer told me
last week it would cut 3% tons to the acre sure.”’ JAMES M. RICHARDS.

“Your Special Mixture of Grasses was a success; compared with Timothy
and Clover, the yield is double.’’ ; OscaR SILLECK.

“¢It has yielded more than double the amount of pasture apiece of Timothy
and Clover of the same size would have done under the same conditions.”’

FRANK G. McCouuum.

MASSACHUSETTS.

“The Grass Seed turned out very satisfactory, and we have this year cut
three large crops of grass trom the Jand seeded last fall with the seed bought
ofyou.” C. E. RoGers.
Sas The seed for the meadow land was allright, and has proved a great success
inevery way. I have cut two heavy crops each year.’’ W. H. FAmrBank,.

“* The Grass Seed came up so rank I had to cut it the forepart of June, a
very heavy crop ofnice hay.” E. L. BARTLETT.

“This is thethird year and there was a heavy crop cuton it two weeks before
Timothy was ready, and much to my surprise, there was quite a good second
crop in spite of the very dry season.” H. L. Park.

He ee” Crimson or Scarlet Clover.

(Trifolium Incarnatum.)

A BOON TO AGRICULTURE. THE MOST VALUABLE PLANT
FOR RESTORING THE FERTILITY OF WORN-OUT SOILS.

HE value of Scarlet Clover is now so thoroughly established that we have no hesitation in recommending

that all lands from which crops have been harvested during the summer and fall should be sown
with Scarlet Clover for plowing under the following spring. Authorities who have made a careful
estimate state that plowing under a good crop of Scarlet Clover is equivalent to 20 tons of stable ma-
nure peracre, and even if the Clover be harvested or pastured, the benefits derived from the wonderful
nitrogenous root formation will alone many times repay the cost of seed and labor. The quality of
the hay and fodder is superior to that of Red Clover, being more digestible and much richer in protein.

If intended for feeding, it should always be cut while in the young stage
and never fed to stock after the crop has ceased flowering, as serious results
are apt to follow the feeding of overripe Crimson Clover.

It is the cheapest source of nitrogen, and has revolutionized the methods
of farming in New Jersey, Maryland and Delaware, has restored to profitable
cultivation thousands of acres of poor land, and should be extensively used
throughout the entire United States.

It may be sown among corn, tomatoes, turnips, etec., at time of last hoeing,
or after potatoes, melons, cucumbers, etc., have been harvested, or on grain
stubble and harrowed in. When sown in July and August, Dwarf Essex Rape
may also be sown along with it, at the rate of 4 or 5 lbs. per acre, for
pasturing sheep in the fall. The clover will be but little damaged by
pasturing the rape, and will - =
grow rapidly the following |
spring. !

When sown in July or early |
in August, it has proved hardy
as far north as Michigan and
Canada, but in the north a good
plan is to top-dress after sowing
with some long manure or sow Jj
a sprinkling of Rye as protec-
tion. In the latitude of New
York time of sowing may extend
from July 15th to September
30th, and further south even
later. Sow 15 lbs. per acre.

Choice New Crop Seed of
highest growing quality, thor-
oughly recleaned and free from
weed seeds, 10c. per Ib., $4.25
per bushel, $6.75 per 100 lbs.

CRIMSON CLOVER.

Peter Henderson & Co.’s
FARM SEED DEPARTMENT

Is undoubtedly the largest and most complete in
America. Here are brought together the choicest
grains that the world produces.
expense is spared in the production, selection and
recleaning of the best Cereals, Grasses, Clovers, Man-
gels, Turnips, Forage Plants, ete.
mixtures of Grasses and Clovers, for permanent pas-
ture and hay crops, have become famous with Ameri-
ca’s most progressive farmers.

We are pleased to offer advice free on subjects
in connection with preparation and maintenance of
grass lands, forage, green crops, soiling, rotation, silos, ete.

This is a complete Catalogue of Farm Seeds.
ful Grasses and Clovers, including Special Grass Mixtures
for permanent pasture and hay, improved varieties of Corn,
new Wheats, Seed Oats and other cereals, root crops for farm
stock, Millets, Sorghums, Field Peas and Beans, nitrogen-
producing ‘‘green” manure, and many other crops of value
to the farmer are fully described ard illustrated.

Nd

Neither trouble nor

Our celebrated

Henderson’s American Farmer’s Manual.

(Issued every February; mailed free on application.)

All use-

eS

At the Michigan Experiment Station, 128
; Jambs were pasturéd for eight weeks on 15

acresof Rape Sown in July, and showed a
gain of 2,490 lbs., or at the rate of 3 Ibs., per
lamb each week

as Nees
COPYRIGHT [699 BY PETER HENDERSON E CO,

TRUE DWARF ESSEX RAPE.

Valuable for Cattle, Sheep and Hogs.

In the United States we have millions of acres of good land that annually lie idle or run to
weeds the latter part of the season, after the grain, potato and hay crops have been harvested, a
large portion of which might be made to produce one of the finest feeds imaginable, and in the
greatest abundance, at a time when cattle, sheep and hogs are roaminy through bare pastures in
search of a scanty living. Under favorable conditions it is ready for pasturing sheep or cattle
within six weeks from time of sowing, and on an average one acre will carry twelve to fifteen sheep
six weeks totwo months. Whenon the Rape they should at all times have access to salt ; but water
is not necessary. There are several varieties of Rape, but care should be taken to procure the
Dwarf Essex, or English, as it is sometimes called, which does not seed the same season as sown,
unless in some exceptional cases, as when sown too early and the young plant is touched by frost.
In the Northern States it should be sown from April to end of August for fall pasturing, but as it
thrives best in cool weather, it should not be sown in the Southern States until September, or
October for winter pasture. In the latitude of New York it should be sown in April, or in July or
August. Its fattening properties are probably twice as good as those of Clover, and for sheep the
feeding value of Rape excels all other plants we know of. At the Michigan Experiment Station
128 lambs were pastured for eight weeks on 15 acres of Rape sown in July, and showed a gain o
2,890 lbs., or at the rate of 3 lbs. perlamb each week. Evenso far Southas Alabama it has proved a
boon tothe farmer. Ina recent bulletin published by the Alabama Experiment Station they state :
“Quality of product good for both hogsand cattle. The growth was enormous. By repeated sow-
ings it will and did carry more hogs through our dry, hot summers than four times the amount of
land planted in anything else ever grown here. I would recommend it to all Southern farmers.”
To secure the best results, the Rape should be sown in drills. Sow 4 lbs. per acre broadcast, 2 to 3
Ibs. per acre in drills. (See cut.) Price, roc. Ib., $3.25 bushel of 50 Ibs., 1roolbs. $6.25. If by
mail, add 8c. per 1b.

SAND, OR WINTER VETCH.
(Vicia Villosa. )

Though it succeeds and produces good crops on poor, sandy soils, it is much more vigorous on
good land and grows tc a height of 4 to 5 feet. It is perfectly hardy throughout the United States,
remaining green all winter, and should be sown during August and September, mixed with
Mammoth Red Clover, in sections where it will not winter-kill, or with Rye, which serves as a
support for the plants; or in spring with Oats or Barley.

It is the earliest crop for cutting, being nearly a month earlier than Scarlet Clover, and a full
crop can be taken off the land in time for planting spring crops. Being much hardier than Scarlet
Clover, this is the Forage Plant to sow in the Northern States, where Scarlet Clover winterskills,
though it is equally valuable in the South. Every dairyman and stock-breeder in the United States
should have a field of it, and if you try it once you will never be a season without it.

It is exceedingly nutritious, much more so than Clover, is eaten with relish, and may be fed
with safety to all kinds of stock. i

It will also prove valuable for a Hay crop in the South and dry Western regions, as it may be
sown in the fall and will make a luxuriant grown during the fall and spring months, and will
yield a heavy crop, which may be cut and stored before the droughts set in.

Sow one bushel per aere, with one-half bushel of Ryeor Wheat. (See cut.) Price, 12c. Ib., $6.50
bushel of 60 Ibs., 100 Ibs. $10.50. If by mail, add 8c. per 1b-

Clawson Long Berry.

Bearded Rural New Yorker.

Pedigree Giant.

Diamond Grit.