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Theological Seminary,
PRINCETON, N. .1
Case, ^rrJ^rr^.-Division
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THE
HISTORIE
OF T HE
Reformatioun of Religioun
Within the Realm of
SCOTLAND
CONTEINING
The Manner and be quhat Perfons the Lycht of Chryflis
Evangell has bcin manifefted unto thisRealme, after
that horribill -and univcrfal Defedlioun from the
Treuth,whiche has come by the Means of that Romane
Anrichryft.
TOG E,T H E R W I T H
The LIFE of IOHn\nOX^ the Author, and feveral
Carious Pieces wrote by him ; particularly that moft rare and
fcarce one^ mtitkd^ The ^rji Blaji of the Trumpet againjl the Mon-
ftruoiis Regiment of Womeny and a large Index and Glossary.
Taken from the Original Mamfcript in the Univerfity Library of Glafgow
and compared with other ancient Copies. *
ET>tNBURGH:
Printed by R o e er t F l e m i n o and Company, and Sold at the Shops of
J. MacEuen, J. Davidson, W. Brown, J. Paton, and G. Hamilton,
} and feveral other Bookfellers. Mdccxxxii.
4
Digitized by the Internet Archive
' in 2009 with funding from
Princeton Theological Seminary Library
http://www.archive.org/details/historieofreform1732knox..
THE
PUBLISHERS
T 0 T H E
READER-
IS heeJlefs to fay much by way of Preface to this Edition
of Knox's Hfftory^ after fo Ictig and accurate an Accoum
given of it in the Life of the Author hereto amex'd-^ only
■It was judged neceffary to give a P^ort Hint of the Mer
thod taken in placing the feveral Things publijhed there-
in.
W& And Firft, We have ptlVp^ed Mr. David Buchanan's
long Preface to his Edition of this Hijiorj^ it containing
feveral Things relating to the Antiquities of Scotland, and on that Account
valued hy many.
adly, PVe have printed the firji four Books of the Hijiory itfelf, with the Au-
thor's Preface., taken from a Manufcript in the Library of the College of Glalgow,
a long Account whereof being contained in the LifSy w? fhall not add any Thing
further about it in this Place.
adiy, JVe have added the fifth Book., probably written by the above Mr. Bu«
chanan himfelf, as not being found in the faid Manufcript, nor yet in the Oftavo
Edition of that Hiftory ; we being unwilling our Readers (houldwant any Thing for-
merly publijbed alonglt with Knox's Hijiory,
4thly,
4thly Jf^e ^'"'^ .§''^^" ^^^ Reader Mr. Knox's Letter to the Queen Regent,
voUh //?'/ Additions, His Appellations from the Bifhops to the Nobiltiy, EJiatel
and Commonalty 0/ Scotland ; And have fubjoined to thefe^ the Admonition 0/
H Antoni Gilbie to the People 0/ Scotland ^»^ England, the fame having heen printed
with them in the Geneva Edition of thefe Pieces^ and from -which we have care,
fully copied -f and hecauje it relates to the State c/ Scotland during the Period in
which Mr. Knox wrote his Hiftory.
Jthly, fVe have added that moft rare Piece of our Author's, called^ The Firft
Blaft of 'the Trumpet againft the Monftruous Regiment of Women; A Piece
fo fearcty that for Want thereof^ the puhltfhing this Edition has been long retarded,
and-oohich at lali we were provided with by the worth)) and Reverend Mr. Robert
Wodrow Minifter at Eaftwood, whe alfo afftfled us with fever al Materials for
making up the Author's Life. 'To this is added the Contents of the fecond Part of
the Blaft of the Trumpet j hut which 'tis believed was never finijhed^ or at leaji
never published, fo far as we can find.
And laftly, We have given a Glofary of the obfolete Words and Phrafes ufed
in this* Edition, and a complete Index of the HiCtoryy together with the true Effigies
cf the Author in Copper Plate.
Whatever Acceptance this Edition may meet with, we can fay, that a good deal of
Pains has been taken not only to correal it according to the above tnenttoned Ma-
tiufcrtpty hut likewife to compare that with fever al other ancient Manufcript Copies, and
in every Part to make it as compleat and corre^ as poffible; And we will be forgiv-
en to fay, that it much excels any Edition of this Book hitherto publifhed, efpecially
when it is conftdered, ibat there is not one compleat Copy to be found of theOStaxo
Editioth
*
iVe have only to add. That this Edition has much exceeded the Number of Shetts
mentioned in the Propofals, it not being then in View to print any Thing but the Hi-
ftory itfelfi and therefore hope it will give no Uneafinefs to our Subfcribers tofittd it a
little dearer than what was firft defigned; efpecially when they confider that all
Ihefe curious Additions are printed on a fmall Type to fave Charges, without which
it would have come much dearer, at a Penny per Sheet, as waspropojed.
THJS
t-
i^i^Sffis
riiQ«JTr.T.i'— >-aiw>..^. '■*-'.
Mr. ^ U C H AN J N's
PREFACE-
f,;,^.*,,,^^^.^:^.^ .., - HE SCOTS, by the mrfi judicious Planters, and by thofe
^^i;^^i^l! who have mofi diligently ftudted their Antiquities are acknew
«„ji*tl' '->^^' ir^-- ledged to be among the firfl viho emhaced the Faith of Chrtft;
^^■^^^^^^^Mfi^ yea. they arefatd to be, by Jome, of the very Firft-fruits of the
1 M^^^'- <^enriles : Fnr in few Tears after the Afcenfion of our Savwur
^nqi
W^W^^-- Gentiles: For in fe-m Tears after the Afcenfion of our Savi'iur
MK^fji ■^ fi/^^ JeftisChrifi, the Apo^les and Difciples being confirained to
W^^^'WIWr^'^'- leave Jerufakm and Jucea, by Reajon of the Perfecutms ratfed
-';"^^Nfc:> ; againft them by the Jews, according to the D:fpenfativn of the
^^;4^^^^^,<^;i All wife God, -went up and down the M'orld; andfpeakwgto
... tvery Pfofle in their own Language, declared unto them the glaa
Tydiws of Salvation in O.rlfljefus, Ihofe who came into our Nonhren Parts, to wi^
i/to Scotland, and firfl made known unto our Fathers the Myfteries of Heaven, were o,
the Difciples of John the ApoHle *.
'omf Tears thereafter, to wir in the fecond Perfecution raifed again/i theChnfitans. ma-
wiBr.tons. ProvincaU of the Empire, profeffmg the Name of ChrtR, left thm own
Country, and went into Scoiland, for Shelter from the general Maffacre then executed
throuihont the whole Empire, by that bloody Butcher Dcmimn; and to rnjoy thetreeHom
of the Gofpel, whnh they knew to be received then in Scotland f. Arncvg thejefugmve
Briiors there were fundry learned and pitus Men, who flayed in Scotlanc , ythe Perlecutt-
\n tndrd\ propagamg the Faith of ChrtO there by their preaching. This we have related
unto us by the hflorians of beH truft. We have lot then from the See of Komt our
firH InftmtioH in the Chrtfttan Faith ; yea, we are jo far from n, that jor many lems
together, te hardly bad any Cimmtinicatkn with Rcrre at all. Palladius was U^ prjt,
feme lears after the Beginmrg of the fjth ^'ge, who made cur Acquaintance with Kcroe ;
although the gemral Current of the Rcmilh Writers give cut. That theGiffel was prjt
planted amcKgfl us 7BScotlard ly the Means of V;6or Eijhcp of Rome : let Hixcr^^ns,
that rentwned Chrcnclcger, albeit he would fain have the^coxs ewe this Obligation unto
• Buchanan lib. v. t Ibid. Ub, iv,
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
Rome, difclaimeth this Opinion of his Party, as untrue, and dijagreewg -with the btfi Art'
tiqtiity.
Tertullian *, who lived in the feeond Age, and -wrote Books divers tears before the .^nd
thereoj, and fo was fo near the flaming of the Chrifiian Faith amongft the Nations, that
in a Manner he may be Jaid to have been an Eye witnefs unto it. in his Book agamfl the
]ews.fpeaktng how the Light of the Gofpel was fpread thro' the wholeWorld, faith thus. The
Evangel was diflufed into all the farts ot the World, yea, inzo Bntanie, and into
that Patt of the Ifland whereunro the Roman Forces did never pierce. By thtfe lajl
IVords of Tertullian, are meant the Inhabitants of that Part of the Ifland which lieth be-
north the Myalls, firfl built by Adrian, then by Antoninus Pius, thirdly by Severus; and
thofe were the Scots by Name: For the Romans put IJ'alls ktviixt them and the Scots
Eow-weHf as our Poet expreffeth tt:
Romana fagitti feris prztendit menia Scotis.
And Claudlan, many httndredTears before this our Poet, fpeaking of the Legion whitb
then was called from itsGarrifon on the aforefaid M''alls, faith thus, The Legion came,
which was placed before the utmolt Britans, and which bridled the fierce Scot\.
Lucius Florus, many Tears before Claudian, who wrote towards the latter End of the
fourth Age, to wit, in the Beginning of the feeond Age ; and Spartianus, who ailed-
geth Florus writ towards the latter End of the third Age Lucius Florus ^^^ Poet, (is
the fame with the Hiihrian who -wrote the fhort Hiflory of the Romans, as judgeth Sal-
ma(ius) is brought in ^> iElius Spartianus, in the Hiflory of the Life of Adrian the Em'
peror, faying thefeU'ords, I would not htCmfar. to walk among ihs. Britans, and iul-
fer the Scots Morning hoar Frofts. ^he Word pruina, which the Author ufeth^ doth
fignify fo much; for it is quafi -sfjun a •afft Morning. What Florus, in thefe Words
here alledged, calkth in his Language Scot,€4s pruinas, Claudian caileth Csledonias
pruinas, fpeaktng of another Roman, in thtfe Words, And he placed his Camp in the
middle ot the Caledonian Morning hoar Frofts. I know that commonly in Spartian, of
•whom we have thefeFerfes of Florus, it is read, Scythicas/fiK Scoticas, but wrcng, no:*
withfianding that the great Criticks have not corrected it •• For how, I pray you, can A-
drian be faid to fuffer Scythicas pruinas, w/jfl never was m the Country which then
went under the Name of Scythia ? Tea, the Romans had never any War with the Scy-
thes ; for albeit the Scythes heard of the Romans Arms, yet they never felt them: Be-
fides, what Senfe had it been in Florus to fay unto Adrian, That he would not be
Cafar, to walk in Brit any, and endure the Morning hoar Ftoils o( Scythia} For al-
though the Kovazm heard fay, that Scyihia was a cold Country, yet they more perfeEilf
knew Scotland to be cold, having been upon the Place. Now it was very eafy to thofe
who copied Books of old, and hardly underflood what they zvrit, to change one Letter for
another, namely, when two Letters are fo like one to another, as thefe two Vowels O, ;
O ; for O not being initial or capital, was written formerly without the Draught under it,
"Which hath been written for Di/iinSiion's Sake, as we fee it commonly now thus V • This
Change of thefe two Vowels, hath been found elfewhere thin in this Place 0/ Florus by.
the Criticks, in the fame Words, who feeing the Name of the Sea upon the Coafl of Scot-
land written Scythicum, prefently mended it, and made Scoticum. "Then EtAlmusfmei-.
led out the fame Fault in Jerome his Epifile to Ctefiphon, againli Paliadius and his Diff^
ciple Ca:Icflius, in thefe Words, Britanny and the Scots Nations had not then known
Mofes and the Prophets. Erafmus y?B^/K^ Scythicae, he changeth it into Scoticx. ^
Lucius Seneca, about an hundred Tears before Florus, that is, about forty Jenrs after
Chrifi, now idooTears fince, in his Satyreupon the Death of Claudius, makeJ Mentitit
of the Scots in the compofed Word Scoto-Brigantes, as thus joUoweth. He (i. e. Claw ,
dius) commanded the Britans beyond the known Seas, and the blue Scoto-Brigantes,
to fubmit their Necks to the Roman Chains. This Word above-na-aed hath puzzled
many of the Criticks how to read it, fo that a right Meaning or Sen fir might be had of thefe
Lines, with the true Meafure of the Verle, feme reading it one Way, feme another Way j n//,
'at
* Lib. contra Judeos. f Buchan, lib, i.
Mr. "Buchanans Preface.
at lafl the learned joicph Sc^liqcr coneHedtt as you have it here^giving tbtWtrdf a Plain
and eajy Scufe. and keeping the Law of the P'etfes, againfi which all others did jatll And
to this Co> region of Scaliger hath Submitted many learned Men ; yet fome, partly for En'vj
agatnfl the Nation cf wham ts here fpoken, partly for Inanity, taJl /land cut agamjl the
fruth, kecnufe of the Authority cf this CornEiton at whofe great and moft rare LtUrniug
they are offended^ as the former are at any Advantage that the Nation -whom thele
Words doth coixeiB may have. 7 he Scots are called Ctru'zi, or blue, tecaufe tl^y ufed
much Hue in their Garments ; and fo doth the old Scots to this Day, mtuejs thdr Plaids,
■whereof the heii fort ordinarily hath the Ground blue ; as alfo their blue Caps.
Mamcrtin, in A// Pancgyrick /o Maximinian, tells us, That t/;« Bncans had War
•with theScQli and Pi&s, iefore]\x\'ias Cxizx entered into the Ifland. So, lytheleTefli.
monies, ye fee h«w injurious they are unto the Scots, that will net have their Name kncuii
till many Tears, yea, fome hundredYears after the Entry of the Romans into the Ifland.
the Romans having fettled themfehes in th Ifland, they divided the vchole mo fWo
Parts: Their Part, ot the South Part, they called Britannia major, and fupertour ; and
their Provincials went mo/i commonly under the Name of Britones, altho' fomttimts 'under
the Name of Britanni, but not fo oft; and they were fub- divided into feveral Peoples. T'he
other Patt of the Ifland without the Roman Province, that is, the northern Part, was cal-
led Britannia minor, and inferiour. Now all the Inhabitants of this nortljern Part, who
were in continual Bickerings and War with the Romans and their Provincials, were 'called
Scoti, fometime Tranlmaiins, fumetimes Foreigners; and they did ccnfifi of two chief
Peoples, to wic, Brigintes WPifli, which kith were fr J divided into ftveral leffer Peo-
ples, of '-'i^hich we forbear to [peak at this lime. So the Name (fScczi was at €rji appel-
lative, and given to more than to one People ; but tn Succefs of T'me appropriated to cue *.
Aid this is not fingulav ui this Nam ; fcr the proper N.:n:es cf divrrs Peoples at firfi have
been appellative, r.vd thereafter appiopriate to eue akne. I will infla;ue only in one, for
Brevity Sake, which is this, T'he I\ia?ne Frar.k or Fiend), at fffl was comm n to ail tkcfe
that (icod Ota together forFranchife and Liberty aga'nfl the Romans about the Rjiync, and
ether Parts of Germany ; lut at length it becu7ne pecultar tn.to one Peiple, as ue f.e it is
at tins Day. Moreover that the Name of Sciti wat appellatiie, and given to more than
cue People, you may clearly fee by the ordinary Expn/Jton of ancient IPriters m the p.'ural
Number, thus, iscotorum Gentes, Scotica:Gcnies ; when ctherwife all Men ordinarily t
loth by Word and Writing have ever ufed, and to this Day ufe the fingular Number t
fpeaking of onA People, rt/gcns, ko? gentes. populus «o^ populi, Nation, act Nations.
- As all the Northmen People of the main Land, or Continent, both in Europe and A-
(k, went ant iently under the Name of Scythz, witnefs Strabo inthefelfirds, The Ao-
CtenC5 commonly called the northren People Jc>//;f/ f. And in another Place he fays.
The Ancients did call by one Name oJ Scythes all the known Places towards thd
Korth. He means in the Continent, or main Land. So the Nthein People of Britan-
ry, which is anothr little IVdrld, were cf old, and td this Day are called Scoti. T'he
two Niimes Scyiha and Scotus do fignify one and the fame Thir.^, to wic, an Archer
or Bow-man; ;« /Af ia?/« Arcuarius, in Greek. To^trMf. ithe ancient I! riters tell us.
That f/;fSeyihes were much gi% en to Archery, and to Huntirg i fo were anciently, and
tothitDay ate the old^cots Bow men , in Hebrew, Ktfhur, from Ktfiitt, Bow. And lo
you have the Signification of Scytha and Scoius, which are truly one and the fame,
with little Change more in Latin than in Greek ; for the one is wri'ten SKt.5iJf, /o at
firfi the other was writtenXuviif, which afterward they turned tUtf. 'S^Aorlf. This is the true
Origin cf the Name ScOiUs: It comes veithtr from the fabulous Scota, neither from the
they fpeak of Scyi
jitid Scof, to Wit, y Scot ; as likewife the Low German calleth thtm both schutten.
Fnm the Hebrew K^^t, we have the vulgar fchut <iHii (cliot. Now this Etymology of
Scot, as it ts true, fo it is eafy by theTranfpoHtionoj a Letter, lO wit, bi putting Phe
if/j;WSchin which is oraindty, not only in the Derivation of Words from one Lar.guafe
I 3 1 . int4
* Scaliger, Eufeb. Beda, Buch. \ Strabo lib. xi.
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
into another, but alfo obvious in one and the fame Language, in common Difcourfe, Let
this one Example fatisfy for all. ?o be fhort, Is not one and the fame ll'ord loth written
and pronounced, according to the writing thirty and thrity in our vulgar "Tongue? ^j
the Names of Scytii andbc6t do Jtgnify one Thing, fo the People in m»ny Things may be
faid to be like one another ; as for Example, the b'cyches in the Continent generally were
of two Kinds, to wit, Euiopedn and Aliatick : So the Scots in Britanny were of twi>
forts in general, to wit, the Brigantcs and P.di. Next, the Scythes did not till the
Ground, but feeding Cattle and Sheep, had a Cuflom to remonje from one Place or Soli"'
tude to another : Of old fo did all the Scots, and to this Day the ancient or prifci Scots
do. Sifee Scythes did live much upon Milk, andfo do our old Sects. 77;e Scythes, not
knowing the JJje of Riches, did not defire them i and fo it is with many of our old Scots.
The 'S^^thc^ were never vanquijhed by Foreigners ; fo the Sen's were never utterly over*
thrown, although they have jufiered very much by their Enemies at fiver al Times. Th'i
Scythes were hard for toyling and War ; fo are our Scof;, as is known to all, &c.
We have faid. That the hdwellers of the north Part oj the Ifland v}ere named Scot'i, and
that by a general Dtvilion they were of two Kinds, Btigantes and Piiiti. Now we mu(i
enquire who are ii^ig^nics, and who Fifti; If- here they both lived, and jrom whence thel
came. And to begin at Pifti, they inhabited the Eafi Side of Britannia minor which is the
heft ; and, for'the mofl Part, they were of the ancient native Britons, of whom fundry of
old, before the Entry of the Romans into the Ifland, had drawn themfelves northward,
to have more Elbow- room for their Courfe of Life, which Was to feed Cattle, and to hum,
removing frome one Place to another, whereunto Largensfs of Bounds is required. Then
others of the old Bwou^ flying from the Tyranny of the Romans, tipon Grievance went
from Time to Time northward, beyond the Limits of the Empire, to their ancient Com-
Patriots-
Next came in to thefe north Britani, at divers Times, feveral Colonies of northern People
from beyond Sea- Hence it is, that fome late Authors have ivritten, that the Inhabitants of
the eafi Side of Britannia minor came from Scanciie. The north Btitans having received
thefe Men come from beyond Sea into their Society, and being joyned with them, made up a
People Called f/jf Romans and South Britons, Pifti, becasife they contimndthe Cuflom of
painting their Bodies, of old in Uje among many Nations; which Cuflom the South Bri-
tons left off. with other Rites, mw become Provincials of the Empire, The whole Ifltind
was firfi called Albion, of which we fhall (peak anon, God willing.
ThenBfSTaYvia,} Britannia, which fgnifieth a woody Country; for of oM it was Ka-ra?,
JifVfjL®-, Sylvis obfita, covered with Woods, as Strabo terms it. And to this Day we fee
that Part of the Country oppoftte to the Continent, full of Woods and Jmlofures. We
find in ancient Authors \, the Peninfule of Italy, jzex/ Sicily, whereof Rhegium was the
Metropolis, called Bf87-7«a and ■R^t.^ania for the fame Reaftn, lecaufe it was xaT^JcTpi/t*©-.
So Strabo Hflwej it alfo The Origin of the Word is Batat, which fignifieth feveral kindf
of Trees, Fir, Aft, Cedar, &c.
The Pifiti had divers People under them, whereof the chief lUfre Caledonii j by whofe
Name fometimes all the Pitts were named, although Caidedcnii properly were thofe of
the Pi(9;s who dwelt among the leffer Hills, of which Hills fome are called Ocelli mon^
tes, in vulgar Language Ochell Hills. The Country of the Caledonii did begin at
Foitb, and went northward beyond Tay, where their chief City was Caledon, now Dun-*
kell by a Tranfpofition. In this Country were the Woods called faltus Caledonius, or fyl-
va Caledonia. The rocky and hilly Part of JEtoWa. in Greece, was called by the fame
Name; and there was there a Town of this Name, yea, and a Forefi, }o much fpokeh
of by the old Poets. True it is, that the Jecond Vowel is mw and then changed, which
makes no Difference ; for in Words the Confonants are mainly regarded. Srrabo, Lib. lo;
calleth the one and the other Country i^itav, i^ ^irpiivav, hilly and flony, or rockie ; th^
Name cometh from Gaiesetan, which is as much at Bmf rf^vf, iumul»s afper, a rough
little Hill.
Benorth the Limits of the Empire in this Ifland, all People befiies the Pifis were
Brigantes, which importeth as much as Indtuellers of Mountains, or high Hills : So
'l Vide Sal. p. jai. in Plin<
Mr. Buchaimns Preface.
jou have //^Briganres near the Lake of Conftince, in dwelling Mountanis. On the
Alps in Dauphinc you have the Brigancium Brianfon, the hightjl Town in Europe.
7he BngantfS of Spam, ns thoje of Ireland, of old did inhabitt Mountains; and fo did
our Brig^antes in this Ifland mainly keejj upon the Mountains The Name cometh jrom
Briga, Brica, or Bria, as it is diverfly written ; it fignifies an high Place or Muuutam.
Our vulgar hath interpreted it Bray; hence we haply call our Brigante.v Braymtn, whom
we call vtherwije Hif^hlanders, or Higlilaiiiimtn. J-.trabo tells us, that Bna amongfl
the Thratians cloth /ignify a Town or City. And fu theVf^ord Bua mufi needs come from
the Hei/rew Bira, Town or Palace, by the Tranfpojition of a Letter, which is ordinary in the
Derivation cf IJords as vje have/aid a little before. Here for further Proof of the Tranfpo-
fiticn cf M Letter in a derivativeM^ord,take this Example o«/y,iJumb»rton (or Uumbrton.
Caufafaon, in his Notes upon Strabo, tells us from Htlychius, that liud Jiguifitth a
Village, or Town upon a Hill. So Btia^gnifieth >.vt /imply a Town or Village, but juch an
one as is hutlded en a Hill. And truly in the niofi ancient Times Towns or Villages
were, for the mofl Part, budded upon high Places ; as any Man that hath taken the i'.uns
to remark, either by Hi/lories- or by confidering the Places he 7»ay have feen, kncweth i.o
then Brigaires are Men inhabitingthe Hills, or havi.ig their Towns, Cities Villages upon
the Hills. Tea.jn old Timet, when they had not yet fixed their Abode certain they were
wont to remove from Hill to Hill as ae have fiid formerly ; and to this Day fame of our
Highlanders do within their own Extent and Limits.
•■' 7/;f Bnoante^, in the Continent namely, were fo given anciently to take arvay Goods
from their Enemies with a flrong Hand, that by Succefs of Time all tlwfe that cpenly did
rob and plunder were c,7//fi Bngar.tcs: And the French has from hence derived the
Vetb B igJicier, to rob or plunder. Next, there is a kind of Ar'ntur called bu^inixnCf
the Ufi and Manner whereof is borrowed from the Bngantes ; it is like a Male coat.
Laltly, Time is a kind of Ship ufed At the }ea. called Biisandne. of the middle Six,e, as
being mofl proper for War at Sea Thus tmich tor the Name of Brigaiite?.
The Brigantcs of this Ifland came hither from Ireland at divers Times, and upon divers
Occafions. TIk Brgantes in Ireland, by P:o omy, are placed well fouthward: But
thofe that .^re come after Pt- lomy, 1 mean thofe cf nearer Antiquity, have placed them
more northerlf by many Miles, as ye may eafily fee by looking upon r'tolomy h.s Maps i
and Orttlius /;// Maps of Geography of the Ancients. So ye fee that the iSrigantt^ at
their fir ff coming to \rc\;irdfrcm Spain j for thence they came, with many other Inhabi-
tants of that Ifland, dwelt in the fuuth Parts, but by Degrees drew northward, for Con-
'veniency to their wandring Com ft of Life, in keeping Cattle and hunting, and for Free-
doom from the Trouble of too near Neighbours ; They went by Succtfs of ^ime fo far
north, till at length having come to the Part next unto Britannie, they came hither and
fpfftfftd themfelves of the little Ifland s and Hills next unto Ireland 5 and finding them-
felves fitted in this new found Land for their Purpo[e, according to th.ir Mind-, they made
their Abode there, and drew daily more and more Company unto thetn. till, at length they
tnade agreat Body of People in Bnrannie, and by little and little came all along the U'efi
Side of Btitannie, keeping the Hills, till they came to the River ^cUimd, that is Rluber,
»MLancafhire, and from thence went flraight Eafiward, till they cflme to the Mouth
of Albu', wow Humber.
• The North Britains were glad to give them iVay, contenting them/elves with the Eafl
Side of Britannia minor, (which indeed was, and is the befi) and were glad alfo to have
them for a Rampart againfi their Enemies m the ."-outh or in major e Britannia, The
crigantes were great Enemies to the Romans, with whom they had divers Bickerings t
tut at lafi, they were compelled to go Nmhward, and were hemed m by the Wall built
by /feKo^ans, betwixt the fluve Tina, now Tyne on the EaB Side and Unna,
"T ij/n '" ^""'^"'and, on the U'efi Side. Although they left the Country befouih
this M all, yeti'„e Romans continued there the Nai<ies of Bnganttf; yea fome of the
Brigamcs, allured by the Bounty of the Soyl, did chiife rather to fubmit to the Roman
Joke than change their Abode, although it was with Thraldome. Then, after many va-
rmis Encounters -With //;e Romans, they were yet coHflramecl to yield mere Ground unto
the Komans, who hedged in both thm and the Pifls northward with a Wall, betWixt Bo-
Mr, Buchanans Preface.
docria. or Forth, and Glotra, or Clyde. At laR the Romans, ly cunnings raifed
yealoujies befxixt the Brigantsrs /zWPifis, and fo not only withdra-ws the P ids from the
Frtendjhip of the Brtj^ances, but makes them join with them to overthrow the Brigantes;
and taking Occfljion by the Bn(.;.inies dome/lick 'J'roul'ks, fights -with them; yea. at lengthy
after a bloody y well-f ought Buttle- defeats them gives the btfi of the Lands they poffefi to
the Pids for their Reward- After this the Brigantes were confivained, for. the mofi
Part, (I mean the better Sort) to retire thence, whereof fame "Went to the next Ifles ; fame
returned w Ireland, to their ancient Fame; and fome went to the North Countr]s beyond
Seas, and fo they were for a Time diflreffed, and in Exile, till after divers Attempt Sy
they -were refJored again under the Condutl of Fergus the fecond. Here let us remerri'
her, that the whole Ifl.ind Briranme was firfl named Albion, from Albe, or Aipc,
which ftgntfieth Hill, or high Piace. This H^ord Albe, or Alpe, cometh from Aibus,
white; and this from the Hebrew Laban, pet inctathefiii, Albao, Aibu.", & AK^ipii in
Greek., becauje the high Hills and Mountains, yea in the hot Countries, are frequently cO'
vered with Snow, and jo appear white; "Witnefs the high Hills betwixt Franct and Ita-
ly, which, by Reafon of thetr Highnefs above other Mountains, are namtd particularly
Alps. The If and, when it had given unto it the Name of Britannia, by little and little
left off the old Name of Albion which continued m the North Part of the Iftand, benorth
the Limits of the Empire ; and fu the whole Country beneath the Humber wai called;
and Albion, in this fecond Senfe, in jolloiving limes, was called Britannia minor, as
we have heard ; but as the Romans did gain Ground upon the In dwellers of Albion, or^
Bnrannia minoi, beating tlwn northward, they kffened Aloion, or Britannia minor,
fo jar, till they brought them to keep North Bodouii, or taxth,and Glocta, or Clyde.
La[i of all the Romani having, by their Cunning, divided the Brigantes and t'Je
Pids, and having drawn the Pifts on their Side againfi the Brigantes, Albion was ta'
ken for that Part of Britannia minor, beyond C\ydz and Forth, which did not belong
to the' Pi&s, that is, the North- Well Side of that hilly Continent, with the hilly Iftands ad'
jacent, where, to this Day dwelleth our Highlandmen. or Highlanders, who are the Rem-
nant of the ancient Brigantes. That the ancient Name of a iiuhole great Country, as
this Jfl.ind is, (hould be confer ved in one Corner, or a little Portion thereof, may not
(eem firange, I have thought fit to tell you, that you have the like in our neighbour
Country, of old called Gauie, now France, where the ancient Name of Gaule, among
the Vulgar, is only conferved in a little Country lying about Sens, of old Senones ; this
little Country is called Pays Gaulois, and is divided in Haute & Baffe Gaule. So it
was judicially faid by the Hifloriographer *, The Name of the IjJe Albion is derived front
Albi, and remains in Scotland, as it were in its native Soyl.
Of Alpe, or Albe, fignifying Hill, or high Place, you have the In dwellers thereof,
fonietimes named A'ihini; as in ACia, Dalmatia, Italy, and North Britannia; and
their Country Albania, fometimes Albici, Albigois /k Langucdock, and their Country
Albiann, or Albi, in vulvar Language, fometimes Albini, or Alpini, and Albienfes, as
the In-dwsllers of our Albion, zoho to this Day call themfelves, as they have dme of
old, &CC. which Name is one and the fame with Brigantes. Here let us remark, That
as the Provincials, or In-dwellers of Britannia fuperiour, fubjeSi to the Romans, are
erdinaiily called by the H'riters Btttoas; fo the others, benorth the Empire, have been
called by the Mriters Bricanni, peregrini & tranfmarini, Strangers, and beyondSea-
men, as if they had been of another Ifland, And truly, if it were not for th» Strdit
betwixt the Rivers afore named, zuhich did ferve for Border unto them, they were in
another Ifland. Hence England is faid to be inter quatuor raaria.
Pcoloracus, Tacitus, and Seneca tell us. That the Brigantes inhabited Albion^
which zuhen they write, was that Part of the Ifland beyond the Roman EmP^'' Ihere^.
fore the Brigantes were then K\h'\n\, or Albani.
Moreover, the Brigantes about Eboracum, now York, were of the ^COtS, who cams
from Ireland , a great and mighty People.
John Fordon, in his Scoti Chronicon writes, T'hat the Scots came fo far South ai
Humber, and poffeffed Lands there \ Alfo thelfls of Man was for a longTime under
* Buchan.
Mr. "Buchanans Preface..
.u ry.-r„ ni Scotland ; which IJle is as far South as the Country about Y -rk al-
La r^/Vvzrrf a»a ,n the Sea And thefe were the Br.ganccs we «oj have
fl l„ If 7heB' 'Rentes, at their firft coming into A Ib.on. came as we have f.nd wnh-
'^ '.rtn.nCY fettled U' ay of Government: But being grown into a cunfiderabk Num-
r7J comwi into Albion is reckoned to be about Akxar.ocr the Great hs
S. ■ : aoi^hree httndred Tears before the BM of Chnft
tL b.y/nr.s, alias Albm. for a certain ^ime. by [ome have been called Xy.\ren.
^^iiahhougb this Name did not lafi long) from the King Kcud,whob^cugl,t mO
A...on the^fecond remarkable Colony frcmlr.l.^d, ^f%\-^^l' ^'^';\']l ^^^^^f^'
fore Chnft, that is. about 220 Tears ajter Fergus, and D^k, which fignifi^h ountry
and p'ovM.ce, as is b.own to this Day. 7here is a certain Place m the ^efi of Scot-
land called to tA/j wjD/j^Ridlojle. . r /? c ^
Uehave ka.d. that the People bemrth the Rorn^o Province upon the Eaft Side
'^■ere ormualU Butams, whence they '^ere called BrKann. P.6, W /o«.e^;«.x Bn-
; . rfucopil, horn one of the chief People; fometmes fmply ? .CX' or ..d.^n:
Mo we have heard that the People bemrth the Province m the We^ Side <Lere
cl fr.m Ireland, and called B^.^antcs, or Album; yea, for a Tn«. D Irtud.m.
LikJile we have heard that all the People benorth the Empi>e, by a gei.eral Appellation,
^oecalled Sco ., where they-Sere all Jp^ken of together : But when th.y-^^^re fpoken
Jlpart. thofe 0} th. Eaft Lre called ^iccto-bruamu. Ihofi of the 14 efl cc'.re cal-
La coro-Dr;"anres as we have heard o«r 0/ Stneca.
Moreover. % Progrefs of time, the Ir.lh came to go tinder the Name of Scots
«.th thofe of Br>ta.f... minor, or Albion, who from them had Help, Supply, and
Xouits mtheir iVar againfi the Romans, and Br-tans Provinaas. Tims, naming
,7/l,..(li by th^ Name oj ^cots began (ome hundred Tears after Chrifl that ,s, toivards
1 middle ■4ges And about that Time Leland was called by tf>e Name of Scozu, as
t^Z. ■■ a 0:lcUus hath remarked, n the felf^ordii 1 have obfcrved ^v/««rf to be na-
C o Scotia, by the Wr...rs ot the m:ddlc Age. And fo it hath been cbferved by the
lear.ed That ancient Authors did never name Ireland Scot, a ; as you may fee by thofe
, , have e>:acUy reckoned up the old Names of Ireland, em of the ancient and clulfick Au-
!},,,, , 0 It was not jaid much amifs by one. That this narnmg ol Ireland by the
N mc oi Scotland was firft .bout Beda h.s 'lime, who lived in the B.gmn ng o£
the eiuhi Aoc. Scaliger tells us. That the Word Scot .s no Irijh Word, buc Bri-
tilh; that is »ot ufed m Ireland but in Britannia- ^at is the Origme and Stgnifica-
tinn oi the Word we have heard before. r rr , r i
A the Ir.ft began to be called >cots. fo the P.fts left off to be fo named; now
rjhdrawmgthemfelves from the Brigantes. or Albini, and flnkmg in with their Ene-
testt^e Irfii ^^/;.tf/>v>m wr.c«//.iScociHibernier.les. and the A bins were cal-
S Scoti Aibi'.nits And Irelana was called Scoa^ majot, becaufe Albania or Albi-
on in thofe Days which they called Scotia minor, was of lefs Extent. But ths Name
0/ Scors was not for any long Time given to the Itifh , fo that at lengw the Name of
Scots became peculiar to the Albins, or Brigantes alone. . „ ., •
Laftlv 27;^Alb.ns hazing fubdued the Pids, and made them no more a People com-
municaed into the Country, newly conquered by them, the Name of Scotia, as "»' ^oun-
7ry with Albania ; and fo all the Indwellers there were called Scots, -a:ith the AibiDS,
as one People --Jiith them, and fo they are to this Day.
No:v the Albins or Br.g.ntes, being the only Maflers of Sntannia tnmor came 0
be called ^ScotoBritanni, as the PxSs had been of old, and are upon OccaM called
fo to this T)ay, to diflmguifl: them from the South Britons, of whom fome are called^am'
bro-britanni, the refi Anglo-bricanni. . , , , a ■
Although the ancient Qngini^s 'Were called by Foreigners Scoti, narr.tly, by the mi-
tons Provincials, o-.d the Romans, yet they did never name themfelves jo, by tins Name
Scoti ; neither do the Highlanders to this Day, in their own Language, call themjelvei
Scots, but Albins : So Scaliger had jufi Reafon to fay, That Scoti was not an h-.fh
b J p»anse,
\ Videfts Hermolaum Babainm in Plinipin, & Vadiannra, in Solinum,
Mr. "Buchanans Preface.
N-ime; As the Helknes did never name themfehes Greek, although they -were fo
commonly called by the Foreigners- And the Mifraims did not call them/elves Egyptians,
although Foreigners named them (o.
I'he Scots mvj a days are divided, in Highland-mn and Lowland-men : "The High-
)anders are the true Progeny vj the ancient Brigantcs, cr Albins, for the moR Part,
J fay, hecaufe fame are come in later ^imes from other Countries. And to this Day our
Highlanders, as the Brigantcs of old, makes main Vfe of their Bows and Arrows in
their War, namely, when they are among the Hills ; fo when they praife one for a mi'
lit art Man il^^y J^)^ He is a good Bow-man and Biay man ; which two Epithitet
were exPreffed by the Ancients in one comfofedU ord Scoto brigantcsi
'I'he Lowland-men are made up oj divers Nations; for a few of them are a
little Remnant of the ancient Pitts j other few are defended from the ancient Al-
bins who. leaving the Hills after the Defeat of the Pi6t5, did betale thefpfhes
to the low Country Divers from the South Parts of Bncannie, hid fled Jnm
the Tyrany of the Saxons, Danes, and NVrmans, as they did of old fror/t the Ty-
ranny of the RotBans: Then the Eng ifli, being Jo oft in Scotland with their Ar-
mies have left divers in the Country : Alfo Marriages, and other p'ivJte Occafluns,
have drawn fundry Men from England into Scotland. Ladjy, Sundry of the Low cvun'
try people are come jrom beyond Seas, as from FraiKt Gtimai.y, Hungaiy, riaiidvr%'
Ireland &c of late Days : So all being reckoned, there are but few in the Low country
come 0/ the old h bins, Bn^nmcs, or old Pitls.
i'he Low-country Men calls the Highlanders Irifh, not fo much for their ancient De"
[cent as for their language, only difitring from the lisfb ty DialeEl ; and for their
Vl^ays of living. Mt much unlike : let one mam Difierence is to be feeu in the Activity of
fie bcoc«. and the Laz^inefs of the Irifh. On the ether Side the Highlanders call the
Low-country Men Saxons not jo much for their Defcent (although many of them are
come from the Southern People as we have faid who an a Progeny of the Sax'^ns)
as for the Language which dtfferetb only bj Diale£i from the Language of the South,
•which acknowledgeth the -axon Language for its Mother I'ongue and for the M^ay of
living not fo different, fave that the bcots are harder b,ed; and conf que iitly mors fit-
ted for toyling at iVar namely, than the Englifli are : For we fee the tisu'liih to have
fain to toil and endure Wars, at the firfl going to the Field, by Reafon of their ten-
aer and foft Breeding. '■The Language oj the South Britaaib of old nas rM much dif-
ferent fiom that of the Giuh, Jrom whence they cam into Aibioi. , witiiefs lacicus in
Aericola his Life: The Gaa^f. then did Jpeak a corrttft Greek : for they are come off
the Greeks. Eefdes many IVordt of the old Gaulois, the Phrale ii,;d Cvnjh uSiion,
are to this Day in the Pre <cli Language kept, which doth fignify. that of old the Greek
■was fptken in Gaul, although corrupt gnfly by ignorant Men without Learning, who nei-
ther could read nor write Tet in the South Parts of Gin], tear the Mtuirerrannean
Sea wherein the Greek Iflands are ; the Greek was fpoken, and taught at MarfcilleS
namely The ancient Language of the Britons fuffered a great Change by the Romans,'
and other Foreigners, who brought in amongfl them their Terms oJ ^atu of Divine ''ervice,
of Uar, and of Policy, with the Names of divers Commodities hid the Names of di-
vers Trades. .
U hen the Saxons and Danes came into the Land they confined the Remmnt of the
ancient Britams unto the We/l Country, With their Language, fuch as it was hit unto
them by the Romans, and other Foreigners oJ old and with them f eves planted the Lan-
guage which is fpoken in all England now a days, with jome Alteration and dange.
The fir/i notable Change happened by the Normans, in whofe Language the La<" hath
teen adminifired, &<-. 7he next Change is from the Latin, in which LungWge Divine
. Service hath been for many Tears officiated. Then the Englifli Language h^h borrowed
from all Neighbour Nations many Words, without any great Change; fo t^tt the Englilh
Lamuaat is faid to be the Qumteffence of all Neighbour Languages : f^cm it the Sco-
ti^ Tongue differs but in Dialed, as we have faid- The H.ghlsjijder.^ Language, a!
hath been faid likeWife, is IriOi, which of old Was a conu^t Greek alfo; for the
Irifil ifiwe into Ireland Jnm the North Parts oJ Spain, ^ho fpake a corrupt Greek
4if.
'J
Mr. Buchanans Preface*
as thofe 0/ Gaul /Jid ; for the ancient In-dwellers of the North Parts of Spain tamt
gifo from the Gretk IJlcirAs. So that of old, the Language of the ancient Britons u'/ij ntif
altogether fir auge unto the Brigantes, or Alpins ; )ea, tn this Time -wherein -we live,
Kvtvsithftandtng the great Changes that both the Languages have fuHained by Time, and
Commerce of foreign Nations, thry have many (i'ords which are one and the fame, fig-^
nij)ivg the f'me Thing.
f/.uj much I have written of the Beginning, Names, lJ*ay of living, and Langitaies
of iicotland, to make known to all, how unjtifl and injurious unto us are feme modern
Antiquaries of our Neighbour Countries, ixho firfi think they cannot prove their own
People to he fufficiently ancient, except they take from their Neighbour their ji/fi Right
of good Antiquity. Next, they conceive they cannot fet forth fully enough the Great-
titles of thetr own Country, except they make theit Neighbours no People at all, or at
Jeaji, hardly cov.ffderable. Thirdly, They imagine. That they cannot extol and magnify
the Glory of their Country highly enough, unlefs they not only deprefs and extenuate their
Neighbours Nami. but alfo attribute unto themfelves the Adtantages of their Neigh-
bours- But if thffe Antiquaries had confide red with the Eyes of Men, that there is
enough to be {aid for the Credit of their own Country without wronging others, they had
not fo (luffed thdr Books with miflaken and mif-applied Allegations of good ancient Au-
thors, nor with ColleBicn of fabulous and lying Monks Tales, wherein fome of them do
fanfy Learning mainly to confifl But of this enough.
For this Place I will only add this. As the Scots, although they be not of the great-
e(i People, yet thty are ttuly one of the mefl ancient People in Europe; fo I dare be
bold to fay, that God, (to whofe Praife be it fpoken) in his Goodnefs towards them, hath
raifed up of them, and amongfi them, fo many excellent and virtuous Men, in Church
and State, in Piety and Learning, in Policy and I4'ar, at home and abcrad, of old
and of late, that few Nations, ancient or modern, although of greater Bounds can
compare with them ; W^er equal them, and hardly any at all go beyond them in this i
For which we praife God, who of the befl T'hings hath riven us the btfi Meajure, and fay
•With the Hifiorian, Xhat chc Land is more fertile of good Men than ot good
Fruits.
But now, fince all former If) alls of Separation and Divifion, loth ancient and mo-
dtrnj civil and ealefiafltcal, are, in a great Meafure, taken away by God's B/ef]ing j
and fince, in fo many Refpelis, the Scots and Englifli are fo near one to ancther, as
we have faid; but above all, fince they both are Members of the true Church, and pure
Spoufe of Chrifl fejus to the upholding of whofe Truth, and purging of it from Un-
cUannefs, they have newly hound themfelves together as One People, yea, as one Man
let them thin, in G$d's Name, laying afide all Excufes, Envies. Jealoufjes, and By-
ends, as feeling Members of tne end the fame Body, concur unanimoufly, with their
mutual and beff Endeavours, to fettle the trUe U^orjhip of Gcd in all true Purity
and quiet all things fpeedily with Wifdom, to the Good of the People, with due Obe-
dience to our lawful Sovereign under God, as we are taught by the Law of God the
Law of Nature, the Law of Nations, ind the muuiciptil Laws of our feveral Coun-
tries, But to return to the Church.
7he Sects, although they received amongt! them the tight of the Cofpel isstth the ve-
ry firfi tf the Gtntiles, as we have faid, yet had they not the Evangel fo univerfallf
froftffed through the whole Country, till towards the firfi Tears of the third Age ; thai
is, till Donald I. who not only profeffed the Faith of ChriR himfelf, with his Family, but
did his befl to caf? out Idolatry wholly from his Dominions, and to fettle the Mmifiry
cf the Gtfpel in every Corner thereof. But this religious King could not bring to pafs this
his good Dtf^n fully, being diverted by continual H^ars agatnfl the Romans the whole
Courfe of his Life.
After the Death of Donald, till toward the latter End of the thiti Age; that is, if
the Reign of CratV.ihnth, this Work of totally putting down Idolatry and fettling the
Gofpel every where in the Country, by the Negligence of the following Princes, Was at «
Ltay. In this Ktng Crathilinth kis Days, fell out the ninth Perfecutitn under Airelius,
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
and the tenth under Diockfian, v:hich gave Oicafion to many Chilians from divers
Pans of the Empire, but namely from the South Parts of Brirannie, now another 1'ime
to file mo Scotland for Refuge, as they had done before under DomWizn. Among thcje
Fugitives who did then repair into Scotland, for Shelter from the general Majfacre,'were
many excellent Men in Piety and Learning, whom the King Crathilinth 7iot only kindly
received but alfo employed to aid and help him and his Cotmcih on the further- fettling
cf Chrifi's Truth in his Kingdom, and in the total Extirpation of Idolatry out of it, which
xms fo much the harder Work, hecaufe of the Druides, the principal falfe Prophets, and
idolatrous Priefis in thofe Days ; who not only by their fubtil Hypocrify, and Senfe pleafing
Divine Service, tut alfo by a cunning For ecafl, having drawn into their Hands the hear-
ing and determining of Civil Affairs, had Jo gained upon the Spirits of the poor and fimple
People, that they could not imagine how to be without them, and live. The re folate Care
and Diligence of King Cratliilmth and his Council, with the Help of thofe pious and
learned Men, furpaffeth all Diffiulties ; and having put quite down the Groves and Ah
tdrs under the Oaks, and, in a Word, all Idol Service, efJablijhing the pure Worjiiip of
the true God in every place of his Dominions, and filled up the Rooms of thofe falfe
Prophets with godly and learned Teachers of the People ; which was done every where
through the Kingdom, but particularly in the Iftands, which thofe pious Men chufe for
th'eir principal Abode, as being mofl fit for a retired Lije; 'and namely in the Ifle of
Man the King Crachilinth caufed to build a Church to the Honour of our Saviour, which
in following limes, by Corupticns, was called Fanum Sodorenfe./or Soierenfe ; the original
Word is ffairif Hence the Town near the Church was called Sodoxa, as Minfier in our
vulgar Language, and MouHier in French, fignifying a Town in fecondary Signification, near
(t Church. Thofe godly Men being fettled, as aforefaid, and having withdrawn themfelves
from the Solicitude of worldly Affairs, did wholly give themfelves to Divine Service ;
that is, to inRruB the Ignorant, comfort the li^eak, adminifter the Sacraments to the
People, and to train up Novices and Difciples, to do the fame Service in their due Time.
T^hefe Men, for their fiugle and retired Life, were called (ioya^oi, or Monks, by Ab'
Ireviation, and for their travelling altogether m God's Worjhip and Service, were
called Coiidei, or Culdees.
Thefe Culdees were fo given to the Exercife of Devotion, by the meditating the My-
fteries of the Kingdom of Heaven, and by Prayers, that the very Cells whereinto they
had jnclofed and feparated themfelves from the iVorld, after their Death we reputed fo
many T'emples or Chappels fet afide for Divine Service ; hence to this Day Cella is ta-
ken for a Church among the ancient Scots, as yeu may fee in thefe compofed Names^
Kelmatnoc, Marnoc his Church, Celpatnc, Patrick his Church f.
The Culdees thus fettled, as we havefeen, did chufe out of themfelves fome eminent
Men in Piety, Knowledge, and Wifdom, to over fee the refl, and to keep thejn to the
Difcharge of their Duty towards the People, and towards the Difciples, with an orderly
and dfcreet Carriage of each one towards another, itt their feveral Societies, and in
iheir privat. Thefe Overfeers, or Superintendents, chofen of themfelves, and by them-
felves, did difcharge the Duties of their FunSiion indifferently every 'Where, through-
out the whole Kingdom, without reflraining themfdves to any certain Place, or lording
ever their Brethren, or any Part of the Flock of J ejus Chrifi, not attributing unto
themfelves any particular diflinB holy Order from the refl, belonging only to them, and
to be only conferred by thtm. This Way of inflruBing the People, and governing the
Church by Culdees, did continue for many Years under God's Mercy ; the Minif^y of
God's Church, as yet, not being become a Bufinefs of Gain, and of worldly PofHp and
Pride : So thefe Culdees, and Overfeers of others, had no other Emulation bW of well'
doing nor firiving, but to advance true Piety and godly Learning. The ^erfeers, or
Superintendents of the Culdees, were commonly called by the IPrif^f '"'^o wrote
of thofe Days, Scotorum Epifcopi, without any Definition of Plach <"' Pre-eminence
of one abcve another. But to return to Crathilinth, who till its dying Day, which
was about the 312. Jear, did confiantlj contmue to advance the Kingdom of Chrifi,
f Buchan.
Mr. Buchanan s Preface;
as hke-ujife his Succejfor Fincormac, twd:r u-bofe Days tie Gojpel did fiourijl: in Puri
ty and in Ptace ; he died about the Tear 358. AJter the Death oj hincormac htb
the Church and State of S>;otlai:t] jdl in gnat Dijuder and Troubles, iy dcmeflick
DiJJenfivns and FucJious for fame Years. The Roman Lietttenant \jaxirous, Jee:ng the
intefltne Troubles of Scotland, legan to lay Hold upon the Occajion. Firft, He fo-
ments their Divijims "x'thin thim; next, not only he withdraws, under fair Prcmifet,
from the Scots their ancient Allies the Pi&s, hut alfo obtains Help of the PiSs/o make
l^ar againfi the^cots, and Jo to defeat thetn, which he did efe&uate indeed tn a Battle
fought viith much Blood (lied on both Sides, at the Water of Dun in C'artick, where-
in the li'iiig E'.ven was killed, (this Defeat Jell otit about 380. in the Tear of Chrifi) the
mo(i Part of the Nobility, and Numbers of People of thofe that ejcaptd. feme fled into
the M'^efi Ifies, fame into Ireland, and other/ to the Northern Parts of Germany or
Scandia; fome Jubmitted themfehes to the H'ill and Difcretion of the Coi:querour, with
the poor People that had not taken Arms. Among thofe that fled away "Was Echod
the King's Brother, who went with ftmdrj of the Nobility unto Scandia, '^here be and
they flayed divers Tears, and from whence, now and then, they had fecret Atttmpts
upon Scotland, with the Help of their Brethren retired into the Jfland and Ii eland j but
to pf/allEfeEi.
Now, as the Face of the politique State of the Country was quite altered and un-
done, fo the Condition of the Church alfo was much difordered, and the Culdces were con-
firained to withdraw, and feek Shelter up and down where tkey could find any ; name'
ly, they returned into the Ifles and into Ireland. At lafi the PiCts perceiving bj feve*
ral Attempts made by the exiled SeoCf, to return home, and re efiablijh their State;
(^although with little Succefs, as we have faid) that the Scots were fully refclved to
beflir themjelves continually, till they were refiored, and reeflablijhed in their ancient In-
heritances ; the Pitts themfehes lemg fnoved with the groaning Miferses of their Neigh-
bour poor People of Scotland, now under the Roman loke , chnflf by their Means ; and
taking to their Confideration, how fooli^ly they had Juffered themfehes to be fo Jar
circumvented and deluded by the Romans, as to contribute to the Ruin of their old
Friends by whom, mainly in former Times, they htd withflood the common Enemy, did
not only comfort the poor oppreffed Remainers 0/ /At Scots at home, but alfo did invite
thofe that were in Exile te return, promidng unto them the Lands which they had of
theirs , and to help them with all their Strength and Counfel, in tht Recovery of their
•whole State from the Roman Tyrants. The exiled boots, under the Condu£i of Fergus
the 11. Son to Ethod, beyond Sea gathered all they could, both of their own People^
and of their Friends, from the Places of their Exile, navtely, from Scar.d ii . and from
Ireland likewife, and came into Scotland ; from whence they chafed away the Romans
by Jirong Hand, with the Help of the Pitts, who made good their Promije unto them,
both affjjiing them in the Action of War, and in refl^ring unto thtm the Land that
they had been po If e [led with by the Romans, The Auxiliaries from h f:\and flayed fiill
in Scotland, and had allowed unto them the Country "^of G allow zy for their Reward;
and becaufe they were of the ancient Brigantes of Ireland, fome of the late Writers
have faid, that the Srigantes of Atbion had their Abode in Galloway. No fooner is
Fergus crowned in the fatal Chair, and fettled in his Kingdom., but he takes to his
frB Care to refiore the Purity of Divine Service, u^ich had been tcclipfed in thefi
Bounds for feveral Ttars ; and to this EffeSi he calls fome of the difperfed Culdees of
his Country, whom be fettles in their ancient Abodes; namely, in the Ifle of lona, where
he furnifhed them with a Library of Books which he had gathei ed beyond Sea, as the
Story tells us.
This P.eturn of Fergus into Scotland, Son of Ethcd, Brother to Jate Ev;ep, fell
mt about \he Tear 4-^0. The regaining by the Scots of their native Country under
the Command «/ Fergus the II. will not Jeem flrange unto thtm who have read what
they did under the Cuihmauds of William Wallace, and how under the Condidi of
Robert Biuce, they recovered their Liberty from the Thraldom viherewitb they were then
oppreffed.
c a Ewen,
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
Ewen, Son to Fergus the II. by the Counfel and Aid of his Grand-father by hit
Mother Grame, dtd not only keep his Father's ancient Kingdom but nifo did enlarge
the Limits thereof, having paffed the next U all of the Romans, which by Gramc -aiat
pulled down in many Places; hence it is called G(zm^'s Dyke, and he pojjtjfed him"
felf, and the Pi<9:s, with all the Lands lying an hundred Miles Southward, that is, un-
to Tyne, and kept them till the Entry of the Saxons into the IJland. Next, he toak
unto his Care, not only to ftek out the Culdces Fugitives, which had not yet returned
under his Father, but alfo he fent for others into the Neighbour Country oj Britain, anA
flffigned unto them convenient Places for their Aiode, witj) a moderate Competency of Means
for their Maintenance, that they fiould be in mwife burdenfome to the People, now look-
ini to have fvme Refpite from their Prejfures and Grievances. ,And fuch was the Hap-
pinefs of thefe Days, that a very fmall Proportion did content the Church-meif, ft ting
wholly their Minds to the confcienable Difcharge of their Calling, which they did, preach-
inz God's J4^ord carefully, truly, and fimply, inftru^ing the People in the Fear of God,
and fo gaining their Souls to their Maker and Redeemer. By this their Carriage they
sained very tnuch RefpeB among the People, who honoured them as Fathers, Inftrucierst
and Guiders unto Heaven under God : 3'he vertuous civil Magi/irate was the fecon-
dary Caufe of this good Behaviour of Church men, who, by his Authority, kept them in
Order nnd, by his own Example, taught them to difcharge their Duty faithfully, mi
live difcretly. But fo foon as the civil Magiflrate left them to themfehes, then they
KesleBing their Calling, fit thetr Mind upon Ambition and Avarice, and (on/eqiientlTf
upon all Evil, thinking of nothing lefs, than of that they were called to
Here we are to obferve, ^hat as the Scots did conflantly wiihfUand the ancient R.0'
mans and kept themfehes fo free of their Tostk, that they neither acknowledged their
Authority, nor received any Law from them, although it was not without great StrUg'
I ^„^ Haz^ard, yea, almoR to their utter Ruin, as it fell out under Lwen the \i
p'lff a'ter fame few Tears, the Scots, under the ConduEi of Fergus the II. fl«^ Ewen
the 11- «"* "^^y '■f^'^'"^^ ^^''^ *^^y ^(i^ lofl by the Romans and- Pids, but alfo con'
auered a great Deal of Ground beyond their lafi Limits, at we have newly f aid. So the
Scocs m Church Affairs, for many Tears together, had nothing to do with the Fijhop of
Rome neither made they Acknowledgement unto him in an) Way, neither did they
receive any Laws from hint \ for as they had the Gofpel planted among them without his
Help, to wir, by the Difciples of Saint John the Apoflle, fo they kept themfehes unta
the Conflitutions and Canons, fettled by the fame firfl Planters of the Gojpel among
them : But by Succefs of ^ime, they became to be infeBed by their Neighbour Nations,
•with the Poifon of the PelagUo Herefy. Celcftinc then Bijhep of Roraf, takes Occaji-
fo fend unto the Britons, a learned Man called Palladius, to help the Orthodox
Britons to convince the Herefy of Pelagius, thin fpreading itfelf amongfi them, which
ivks done accordingly, . .
Ewcn the ll> King of Scots, hearing hovs f/is Btitons, by the Help of Palladius, W
repreffed Pelagianifme, being mofi defirous to purge the Church of his Kingdom alfo, where
this Pelagian Error had crept in, Jends for Palladius, who, with fmall Difficulty, affiled
the Orthodox to iifabufe thofe who had been carried away by Pelagianilme, and there-
after in a very fhort "time, by fubtile Infmuations, gained fo far upon the well mean'
ini Scots, that they confented to take new Governors of their Church, who were to have
a Degree and Pre eminence above their Brethren, to wit, the Prelac b-fljops. Hither'
to the Church of Scotland had bein governed by Monks and Priefls, without any fuch
Djnnity or Pomp. I call their new Governors Prelat'bijhops, to di/lingtii/h them front
thetr former Overfeers and Superintendents of the Culdees, who are fometimes by iVri-
ters called Bijhops, as they were indeed ; hut they had no Pro-evtinence, or Rank of Dig'
ntti above the refi ; neither were they of any diflinEl Order from the refi of their Bre-
thren, That at this Stime by Palladms was brought into Scotland thofr ntw kind of
Bifhops, it appears by the Relations of the Authort ftlhwing, thus. y
PalU-
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
Palladius it thought to be the fir ft who made Bijhopt (that is, of this new Order) in
Scotland * ; for till then the Churches were without Bifiofs, governed by Monks, with
lefs Vanity truly and outward Pomp, but with greater Simplicity and Holinefs-
Before him, jaith He(hor Botcej, Palladius wis the firit of all that did bear
the holy Magiltracurc among the Scots, being made Bifliop by tlie great Pontif
or Bi(bop ; for till then, by the Suffrage ot the People, the BiQiops were made of
tlic Monks and Culdees.
John Mair fpeaki thus *, Before Palladius, by Priefis and Monks, without B.lhops,
the Scots were inftrudcd in the Faich.
John L(.l\:y faith thii[i, Among us (Scots) the Bifhops were only defigned by the
Suftrage of Monks. t, r , •
John of Fordon, in his Scots Chronicle,, faith f, Before the m-coming of PMadi^
us. Che Scots had for Teachers ot the Faith, and Miniflers of the Sacraments,
Presbyters only, or Monks, foUo.vint; the Rites or CuRoms of the primitive
Church. Mark the latter Words ; for according to this Saying goes the Judgment of
the kfl Divines, who write the I'rnth without any RefpeEi ; whofe Mind John Seneca
declareth thus. In the fir a primitive Church the Office of Biihops and Pritfls was
commo.. to the one and the other ; and both the Names were common, and
th- OfEce common to one and the other: But in the kcond primitive Church,
tlie Numcs and the Offices began to be diftinguifhed.-
Baleus of the Briton Writers, Betore Palladius the Scots had their Bifhops
and Minifters, according the Mmiftry of the facred Word, chofen by the Suffrage
of the People, after the Cuftom of thofe of A/ia : But thofe Things did noc
plea'e the Remans, who hated the Aftaticks. - „ „.
Baroniu'. in his Annals faith tins. The Scots gat their fira Bifliop from Ce/f/?/nf
Pontit Roman
Pfofper in his Cronic. The Pontif Celefline fendeth unto the Scots Palladius to be
. their B {hop.
Item, Unto the Scots then believing in Chrift Palladius is ordamed by Pope Ce-
lefiine, a^d fent thither the firft Bifhop.
Beda, in the Hifiory of England, Palladius was fent fic.1 Bifhop unto the Scots^
by CeleRine., Pontif of the Rww^k Church.
By thefe Authorities we fee, Ihat the Scots, before Palladius, had no Bijhops at all;
or, at lerM. their Bi,hops were not of any diJiinSi Order from other Priefis and Culdees,
by wfnm they were ordained, and of whom they were chofen, as we have touched be-
jore; and fi they were not as thofe BiJJjcps have been with us in thefe latter Times.
Next, let us obferve. That the Scots Bijhops, fiue Palladius, muft acknowledge them-
fdves Clients of the Roman Antichrifl, feeing of hhn they have their Beginning and
Dependence; although in Words yea, in fame Part of Duihine, they feem to difclaim
him. ytt in many Parts they Jhew thtmjelves to be of his Family, namely in Govern-
mint ; for they, with him. lord over the Inheritance of Chri/i, and, forfooth, take unto
thmfdves the Natne oj Loids Spiritual, as if they were Lords of the Spirits of Men,
contrary to God's Word, wherein we are taught, 7hat the Father and Maker of Spi-
rits is the only Lord over them : Or, at leaft . Lords oj fpiritual Things, againfl the ex-
pi-efs Words of the Apoflles, who acknowledge themfelves to be only Minifiers of the
Spirit, and fpiritual Things, reputing it the great efl Honour in the World to be fo. And
Fcier, who after he had flikd himfelf no more than Co presbyter with the reft of
the Presbyters, he forbids them to lord over the Flock of Chrif}. Then, fince in the pri-
mitive Church, the FunBion of Btjhop, and Pafler, and Presbyter, weie undifi/nguqhed,
and any uie of the Na?»es indifferently denotea the Office, n mujl be confejfed, That the
Change of Cover nihcnt -which h.nh entred into the Church, is not immediately from Chri/i
andhis Apo files, neither by Precept nor Example, but contrary to Chrijl's M'lll and In-
tention, tieclaied in his it'ord ; and according to the Inventions of Men, fervmg to the
exorbit.vit Affetlions of Avarice, Ambition and Luji; to the Satisfafiion of which they
d have
* Bnchan. lib. 3. | Lib. 7. cap. 2S. ♦ Lib. ;. cap. 2. ;; Lib. 4. in Eugenio j. t Lib. ;.
cap. 8.
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
ha've dimineeyed aver the Fkck of Chrift like Tyrants, devoured the SttbRance thereof,
like rav. nwi^ IVdves , yed, what is worje they have not only been negligent and ctirelefs
to diflitlnte t!nto (he People the l-Vordof God, but alfo with their Alight and Power have
hiridred and Ji pt others to make known unto God's People the pure Light of his GuJ-
pel tie vrainayy Mans of Salvntinn ; and confequeutly fo jar ai in them lieth, by thus
fiarvif'g th m of this heavenly Food, feni them to Hell. Such were thefe fpiritual Lords,
-who as they have encroached upon the fpiritual Lordjhip of Chrift Jefus over his Flock,
and ulurped his Authority; yea. and cppofed it flatly, under the ISiame of fpiritual
Authority and "JuriJdiBion : io have they boldly and cunningly invaded the Prerogative
of civil Magishates by their Courts and Regalities within the Dotniniuns of Princes
•where they live ; Tea in fundry Places they ufurp the full /Authority of Princes, and
in others they flatly oppofe it. And all this hath been done, not only of old, by thofe who
•were called Romifh Bijbops, but alfo in our Days by Bijhops ; who in Jome 'Things make
a /hew, that they difclaim their Father the Poiiut Roman, whom in their Heart they
love and refpeH, as their AEiions do witnefs.
Although by PalUdius Prelacy was brought in the Church of Scotland, aitd by that
Means the Government was changed; and thereafter immediately by Degrees other Al-
terations crept into the Church: Yet thofe lirnts after Palladius, till the Jixth Age, I
mean till Augultine the Monk, may he faid to be gulden Times, and pure, in regard,
of the following Days, wherein Church men, without any Reftraint, abandoned thetnfelves
to Ambition Avarice andLtifi, neghEling altogether their Funtiion ; for in thefe fourth
and fifth Ages the) were many godly and learned Men, who zvere diligent in difcharg'
mg the true Duty of a Pa/lor, as Co^ambs, Libthac, Echernan, &c. Then K. ito-
gcrne, who by,Nickname was called Mongo, becaufe his Mafler Servian fpeaking unto
him, iifed ordinary this Expreffton, Men ga^ which in corrupt French is as much to
fay as Uy Boy.
P.; Had I us having brought into the Church of Scox.\2ir\a Hierarchy, as we have faid,
takes to his next Care to provide for the Maintenance of this new Degree and Order, which
was obtained without great Difficulty both of Prince and People, tinder Pretext of Pie'
ty. but with bad Succefs, as by the woful Experience of following Times we hilvi
found '
Thefe new Bi/hop prelates having pretty well fettled their own Condition for Main'
tenance which, although it did exceed much the Allowance of former Ages to Church-
men, yet it was very moderate in regard of the following Times. Next, they obtained
ereat Lands and Revenues from Prince and People, for other Presbyters and Miniflers^
'who formerly had been very little burdenfome to the People ; for by their ownlndudry and
Work of their Hands, did provide for themfelves Nectffaries for the mo ft Part ; by this
Means the Prelates tie the otlr.r Presbyters and Miniflers to them, and fecondarily bring
in, by little and little Idlenep and Slacknefs in difchargmg their Calling, from whence
are rifen all the Evils we have feen ftnce in the Church
After the beginning of the fifth Age to wk, 521 Tears, in this Ifl.ind began {the
o/<f Saturnalia 0/ Rome, which was fir fi kept in Honour of Saturn, hut by the Succef-
foYS of Julius ( xfar, it was ordained to be kept to the Memory of him, ai^d was cal-
led julia) to be celebrated unto the Honour of Chrifi's Birth,, in the latter End of De-
cember. The Occafon was this Aahat, that renowned Prince, wintering at York (where-
of he newly had made himfelf Maf?er) with his Nobles, bethought himfelf with them,
to pafs fome Days in the dead of I4>'inter m good Chear and Mirth, which was done
forthwith, as it is given out, for Devotion to Chrift, although, that then true Devotion
was verv little regarded; for as thefe Men did exceed the Romans timing this Feafl
in Riot and Licenttoufnefs, fo they continued the Feafl double the Time that the Edinick
Romans were wont to keep it ; for the Romans kept it only five Days, but thefe
kept it ten Days with their new Devotion; yea, thoje of the richer tort, in Time folloiu-
ing. have kept it fifteen D.iys. T'hus was the Beginning of the profhane Idlenejs and
Riot c/ LhMlimas, now kept twelve Days with foolijb Excefs and Riot. As thefe
Chtiilmas Keepers did mfhike the M'^ay of honouring Chrifi's Birth, by this Kind of
Solem-
Mr. Tuch^n.ms Preface.
Sole'Tiiiity fb did they mi (take the Time of his Birth ; for the moft exa^ Chronologen
till us that Chvift "Wiis lorn in Odtoher. and not in December.
The tjcocs retain Jiill the old Name julsa, of this prepoHerotis holy Feafl; Jcr they
call tt corruptly Jul, although they never kept it of old, not iting fii!>jtCl to the
Romans.
The French and Iraliaiis in this are nothing behind with us ; for brjide, that they fiare
-with us in thefe '^auirnalu, Julia, or Chnltmas, they go beyond us in Riot and Foole'
ries in their Bacchanalia, which they call Carnaval or Mardigras l>ejore Lent, -which
m oldTifne- was kept to the Honour cf Bacchus.
Btit the Corruptions that were brought in our Church jrom Rome, in the fourth and
fijth A"^t. were nothing to what was brought m in the Jjxth and feventh Age, for
then uas Relgwn turned upjide down, »nd fo changed into fuperftitious Ceremonies
fli.d Idoatr) ai-thvrized by falje Miracles, that there was hardly left any Trace (f
true h eli^ton among Men in thvfe Days Pailadius was the fit (I that acquainted us
with Hi (Ti as we have fatd, and that brought in Prelacy atnongft us, a little after
the Beginning of the fourth Ages which he and his Succejjbrs by Degrees brought unto
a. great Htight, both m worldly Pcmp and Means (jor the Times) by the inconftderate
Debonarty (j the Prime, and Simplicity of the People, but not without Sfiuggling
and t\ e/if?a>ce by pivus and wife Alen, for many Tears. It was the H'ork of Church'
men, let a foot by PjlliOitr fo till the fisth Age, that is, upon the Matter, two hun-
dred Yeirs to raife themfelves to Power, and Authority, and Means, whereunto they
came tnfnfibly, fo much the rather, becauje they were [paring for thefe Days to invent
the main Doctrine of the true Religion The People and Magidrate feeing their Kelt'
gtcn remaining in its Main, were without great Difficulty, drawn over to give U''ay
unto the Grentnefs of tht Church men: But when thofe gallant Fellows had wrought
their own Ends, they did Jhew plainly what was in their Hearts ; for then they de-
clared tlh7nfelves to be Enemies both to God and to Man, by their vitious Lives, cow
trary to the Laws of God and Man; their fglfe DoEhine, contrary to Gods U^ord;
then tyrannical dominiering over the People, and withdrawing themfelves from due
Obedience unto the lawjul Magiflrate, In a Word, by direBly oppofing God abufing
Men to their utter Ruin of Soul and Body, and fetting up their own Inventions fvr
the Laws of God and Men, they were a bringing this Height of Iniquity to pafs, about
the Matter of two hundred Tears likewife, to i', the fixth and feventh Age, al-
though the Wurkers of Iniquity did at Infl bring their mifchievous Defign to an EnJ^
by the Permifjion cf God irritated againfi Men for their Sins, who, not adhering un-
to him. were abandoned fo, that they became a Prey tintt Satan and his Infiruments,
to follow all Iniquity : Tet fuch was the Mercy of God towards Men in thofe mojl corrupt
Times, that the Devil and his Inflrtiments went not fo clearly on with their wicked
Bufnefs but they had nozv and then, from Time to Time Remoraes and Lets in it,
by thofe whom God raifed up to bear tVitneJs to his Truth And in thofe Days fun-
dry of the S<:<>ts Divines were very flout in the keeping of the *ncient Tenets and Rites,
(which they bad received from their firfl A po files, Difciples to Saint John, accord'
i.ig to the Church of the Eaft) witnefs the great Struggling they had about the keeping
0! Palche, Or Ealier-day ; jor till then the bcots had kept the Day of Pafche upott
the fourteen Day of the Moon, whatfoever Day of the Week it fell out on; the Roma-
n'.lis called thofe that kept fo this Day quarcadtCimani, and condemned them as Hereticks,
and they kept the Day conflantly upon the next Sunday fdlowing, tmd not upon «
working Day; at lafl the ^co b were conf.rained to yield in this, as in other Rites,
unto Rtmi.. Culman, and divers other SconOi Men, did fo fioutly oppofe the Ro-
man ifts tn the Point of t after-day, and in other Tenets, that they chojt it being gi'
vtn to theii Choice, either to fulnut unto Rome, or to quit the Settlings they had
in the North of England, rather to lofe their Benefices than to yield. So fiandinz
fafl to the Cufloms of the Scois Church, wherein they had been torn and bred, they
returned heme to 6co:land.
* C 2 Ahotit
Mr, Buchanans Preface.
Abcut the End of the feventh Age, Men from Scotland given to Ambition and A-
varice vjeut trtqumtly to Rome /or Preferment in the Chinch ; and fteingit hty much
that 'fa} then the\ did their btfl to advance the Dejign of the Romilh tarty, where-
in all the '^k''' of -amy Idly Men -was emplo)ed both in Rome, and Mmongthe Scots of
that Party . m.my Men went to and fro. between Rome and Scotland, to bring the
£co:s to a full Obedience unto Rome, anJ Conjormity , by Name there was OKe Boni-
face fer/t fom R' mt to -.cOilanci, a main Agent for Rome in thife Affairs : but he
was vpfifed openly by feveral of the >iCots Liuldtes, or Divines, namely, by Clemens
and .S^miun who told him freely. That he, and thofe ot his Party, Itudied to
brnig -'vJen o chc iubjtttion ot' the Pope, and Slavery of Rome, withdrawing
them viim Ob-d\t.r,c^ to Chrifl ; and fo in plain I'erms they reproached to him, and
to his AffiRunts 'T'hat they were Corrupters of Chr ill's DeBrine, cliablijhing a Sote-
reignty i" the Ihjhop of Rome, as the only Succeffor oj theApofiles, excluding ether B.'
flops; That they ufed and commanded clerical lonfure : "-That they forbad Priefls Mar-
riage extolling Celibat , ^hat they caufed Prayers to be made for the dead, and erect-
ed Images in the Churches ; ^o he flmt. That they had introduced in the Church ma-
ny Tenets, Rites and Ceremonies, unknown to the ancient and pure Times, yea, contra-
ry to them For the which, and the like, thefaiU L lemens, and thofe that were con-
fiant to the Truth with him were excommunicated at Rome tis Hereticks, as you have
in the third yolume of the COnCcls, although the true Reajons of their Excommunicati-
on be not there Jet dvwn
In the eighth Age the poor People were fo blindly injiaved, and intoxicat with the
Cup of Romt that they thought it a truly holy Martyrdome to fuffer for the Interefi
of Rome ; yet. although mofi Men had left God to worfiip the Beafl, in thofe Days
Cod raifed up fundry great Lights in our Church, as Alcum, Rabanus Mautus his
Difciple, Jotu) .xoi. and Claudiu.s Clemens. In this we flmll remark the cOnBant
Gocdrtcfs of Cod towards his People who made his Light fhine infome Meafure through
the greateft ai^d thtckefi Darknefs, by raifit.g up theje Men, who. did bear iFitnefs to
the Truth both by H^ord and H^riting ; fo that God did not altogether leave off his
People. The Bijhvp of Rome caujed to declare Alcuin (for his Book of the Eucha-
tii'j many Tears after his Death an Heretick. So Rome perfccutes the Saints of God,
tven after their Death
In the nnth Age both Prince and People, by doleful Experience, did find the Idle-
nefs Pride, Ambition Avarice, and Riot of Church men, occafioned by the Indulgence
of Prince and People ; wherefore at Scone under Kmg ColittanMiie \the II. there was
had a Convention of States for reforming the Diforders of the Church. In this Affem-
bly it was ordained, That Church men Jhould re/ide upon their Ch irge, have no med-
ling with Secular Affairs ; That they Jlsouhl inftruEi the People diligently, and be good
Examples in their Coverfations ; That they Jhould not keep Hawks, Hounds, and Hor-
fes, for their Pleafure ; 'that they Jhould carry no Weapons, nor be Pleaders of civil
Caufes, but live contented with their own Provifions ; In cafe of failing in the Obfer-
Vance of thefe Points, for the fir (I Time they were to pay a pecuniary Muld, or
Fine ; for the fecond they were to be deprived from Officio emd Beneficio. Thus you
fee, in thefe mofl blind and confufed Times, that refolute Princes and People did oppofe
manijejlly the Pope's Omnipotency and high Soi'ereignty. In the latter Part of the fame
Age King Gregory was mofi indulgent to Church-men; he was fn far from crubing
and keeping them under, that he granted them many llmgs they had not had before. Then
in a Convention of States holden at Forlane, it was ordained, That all Church-men
Jhould h free of paying Taxes and hnpofl ; from keeping M^'atch, and going to Pi'^arfare:
Item, Thiy Jhould be exempt from all temporal 'Judicature. Item, All Matrimonial
Caufes were given over to the 'Judgment of Church men ; as aifo Tcfiaments, legative
Anions, and all Things depending upon fimpk Faith and Promife : Likewfe the Right of
^itbes, with Liberty to make Laws, Canons and Conjlitut ions ; to try without the Af-
fiflance o\ the temporal fudge, Hereticks, Blafphemers, perjured Per fons, Magicians, 3cc,
Lallly, It ivas ordained, That all Kings following, at their Coronation, Jhould fwear to
maintain Church men in thefe their Liberties and Privileges,
In
XI :
Mr. 'Bucb.in.ms Preface.
In ti.efe Da\t itved a learned Man. cdlhd John Scor, ftrnnmed .E igicna, lecauft
hewn bum in the 7 own of Air; he puHijhd a Treniife, Dc corporc & faiiyuinc
IJomiiH in (jcrjmnro, ■therein he jnamtamid tht Opinion and Doiirine of Btrttam,
uhertby he iftuded highly the Sea of Rome.
Ill the tenth Age Things grtw taorfe and tucrfe. The Church men did fa blind the
Km? «.;oivianciiic the 111. that they perfwaded him to quit the l<o)al Crown, and take
ihe clerical Tonjure of a ^Unk, which he did at St. AnUicws. 1 here were Jome Priefls
in thofe Days who did fiuve to have Liberty to take lawJulH^ives, but in vain- A little
ihreaiter there were niw Difptites for Priefls Mairiage ; (tie Eetnet, « bcots B.jhop,
fi^.dmuih ivT that Cauft in a N.ttional Coitt.cil. In this Age, although that Avmict
and Ambition had corrupted * and perverted Religion generally yet there were coa/larit-
ly fame ^odly Men who, albeit they cotild not openly flop and oppufe the lorrent of
thefe lunts given to Idolatry and ^uperjhtion, did mflruti and teach the People. Tluc
Ch.tlt xK'as the only Propuiation for iinj and tlut Chilli's Biood only difl wall) us
trom the Guilt of Sin.
/); the eleventh Age Malcome ga^e away a Part of the Crown Lands among hit
N^^bles, Jor their good Service agatnfi the Danes; the Nobles, in Recompence thereof,
did grant unto the Crown the Hard oj thefe Lands, with the Benefit that was to anfe
by the Marriage of the Heir. Until the latter Part of this Afe the. Bi/hops of bcoc-
land, although they had ri'ifed their Order unto a great Power and Riches ; yet the^ Were
not diflinguijhed in Dioctffes, fo till then indiferently. wherefuever they came, they did
miniflrate their Function, without lording over one particular Place, or calling them-
felves Lords of any Place. The Dioctlfes whe) ein Scotidnd was ditided at fir ft, were
thefe, St. Anuitws, Giafgow, Munay, Caichnels, Muat)'ac, or Abtio..cn. The
Bifi^fs of Rome taking upon them in thefe Days to be above Kings, and to confer in
Matters of Homur upon Kings, how. and where they pleafed ; and fo by this Means
to put n farther 7te of Vaffalage and iubjeilion upon Punas. To this Efieci, m the
Year 1098 ordained Kwg Eorar to be anointed with external Oil by the Bijhp of
St Anarews, a R.te which till that Day, had nut been in Vje among cur Kings ; yet
they were as much the Ai.ointcd of the Ltrd before as they have been fince, and at
any other Princes, tuho before them had this external anointing fnm the Sea 0/ Rome,
a'though the Romifli miters do make a greater Efieem of thtje Kings anointed bj
them than of ethers, becaufe they conceive them to be more their own. Here note by
the l^ay, that all r rimes whatfoever tn Scripture- Language, are faid to be the Anumt-
ed of the Lord; and fo Cyrus was named, although he was neier anointed u.tt ex-
ternal Oil. Next, although the fir/i Kings of Ilraei were annointed, as Saul, David,
and Solomon, with fume of the following Kings, namely, where there was any Oppo-
fition feared of fettling th.m in the Royal Throne, for further Confirmation were anoint-
ed. Read diligently the Hiffory of the Kmgs, <J«^ >"« fi'^l^ "ot And that each one,
or every one of them was anowtid externally, although they were all the Ahomted of
the Lord. Next, you Jhall note. That the Oil wherewith Samuel anointed Saul and
David (and fo the Oil wherewith other Kings were anointed) was not an Oil conff
crated, as th.it wherewith the High priefi, &c. was anointed, but common Oil
The Reafon of the Scripture phrafe, whereby all Princes are faid to be anointed, it
this, Anointing in firfl and mofi ancient Times was a bigti of fetttng a part o^ a Man
for the Office of a King. Hence, by Progrefs of Time, any Man that was fet afide bf
God's Providence to execute the Office of a Kitig, whether he came theieunto by Sue-
ceffim. or by Choice or by Conquefi, was called the Anomttd ot the Lot ci, becaufe
■ they had tie Thing figmfied ly God's Appointment, mwithfiandiig they wanted the Mg»,
10 w; rtjt Ointmtnt vv^.'* ■!
Furtht-r we fhall here ohferve. That ret only thofe >uhim G(d hath fit afide to le
Kings, be called rhc Ar.omttd ot the Lord ; but aifo the People whom It hath fel
afiJe or apart, for a peculiar End : So the Frrphet, fpe&kmg of the Pttple of llrael
in Cod's Name ufeth this Exp, ejfion, Touch not mii.c Anojflud ; For thtir Sake
I have reproved Kings,
t MQr«i
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
Moreover note ^hnt as the People fet afide by God are [aid to be his Anointed,
fo they are alfo called, A Royal Pritiihoou, Kinps and Prielts. Not that every one of
the People is a King or a t'riei}, thefe being particular Callings, no more than they
were anointed; but becaufe they are fet ajide by God as Priefis, to offer daily unto
him the Sacrifice of Righteoufntfs, &C. /I nd as Kings -were anointed with Oil, to fig'
nify their fetting afide for their peculiar Office , jo every one of us, being anointed in
Baptifm by the Holy Spirit, is fet afide to do Jttfiice, &c. as a King, in our feveral
Station.
Ihus much have I, in few M'^ords, fpoken of Kings anointing, and how the People are
(aid to be anointed, or to be Priefis and Kings, becaulc in the Beginning of the fijteenth
Age fundry were condemneU as Hereticks, for faying, Tbac tviry Man is a Piieft in
fome kind ; and that the anointing ot Kings is now needkfs, being an Inven-
tion of .i?o»je, to fubjvfl: P'inces unto it.
Some Tuars xfter the Beginning of the twelfth Age, King David, belide the Bifii'
pricks formerly ereEled. did ereti the Bijhopnck. of Rof^. btichtn, Diinkil ^k^ Dum-
blain This debonaire Prince was fo prufufe towards Church men, that he gave them
a good Part of the ancient Patrimony of the Crown : So he and his Succefiors were ne-
ceffitate to lay Taxes and Impofi upon the People more than formerly to the Harm
ef the Common wealth- In tliis alfo he wronged the Church ; for the Clergy being rich
and powerful, left their FunBion, and gave thtmfelves over to all Rivt and IdlenejSy
-till Rii-hes made Chunh men la%.y- this DifiinBion in difcharg.ng the Duty of a Pa-
(lor, or of the Souls per fe aat per almm. was unknown. I/Phile Riches did not fo
abound in the Church, Church men kept more Confien.e in the di [charging of their
Places.
In this twelfth Age the Scors, although they had Bifhops ever fince Palladius, who
for a long 'time did dfharge the Fun'cliun indtffef-eutly in every Place where they
came to. And although they had of latter Times difitnguijhed the Limits of the BvundSt
•wherein they were to execute their Calling by Diocffies , yet in that Age, I Jay, they were
not come to that Height to have Primates, Metropolitans, and Arch bijhops. Habere-
Hore their Neighbour, the Arch bijhop of Yf^rk, having gained the Confent of the Pope,
teflirred himfelf very earnefily, by the Affifiance of his King, to have the bcotifh Bi-
fhops acknowledge him for their Metropolitan whereunto the floute/i of the Scofifll
Clergy would not confent, but they would depend immediately upon the Pope; and to this
■ '£ffeEi Legates were fent from Rome to bcorland, who being come hither, and feeing
the Kefolution of iheScoofh Bifhops not to futmit to the Atch bijhop of YoA, and find'
tng their own Benefit thereby, they did exempt and free the bcors Clergy from the Trouble
of the Arch bifiiop of York. There was one Gilbert Bifiiop of Caichnefs, a great
Strugglerfor thhBufinefs.
About the latter End of this Age fundry Priefis were put from their Office, becaufe
thy had takenOrders upon Sunday, In that Time there was a Synod in Pcrtii of
Divines, fuch as they were, who decreed, Tliac Sunday (houlcl be kept holy from all
■ -Work, tfOTi Saturday ac Mid day, or Twelve of the Clock, till Monday
WJorning.
In the thirieenth Ag"- few Tears after the Beginning thereof, divers kinds of Monks
^tatne into Scotb' d. formerly unknown to the Land, as Dominicans, Francifcans,
Jacobins, aud fundry other of that Sort of I.ocufis- In this Age thefe Vermine of
Monks did fo multiply every where, that at a Council at Lyons it was decreed, Thac
no more new Orders of Moiks £houJd be admitted or tOlcrattd. But bow the
Decree hath keen kept, we fee in our Days.
Next ,the Monks of feveral Kinds gave themfelves fo to begging, that the" People were much
eaten tip by them and the Poor his Portion was withdrawn, which occafioned great Mur-
mur among the Commons. Upon this there was a Decree made then, That only the
Minoriac!>, Predicanis Ci mclncs and Hermiccs of Si. Augufiine, fliould have
Libeity to beg; whence they are called, The four Mendicants , Les quatre Mendicants.
"lowards
Mr, Buchanans Preface.
7'owards the Ei.d of this tlmt<.emh Age fell out th.it g.etit Dejoiation &/ the State
of Scodand, occ<^fiuned by the Controijerfy for the Suuefjtun of the Crown ittwixt HdlnA
andl'toce, Bdliol king cvndra.ned by the States of btotland to break the Protmje he
had made to Edward of EngL^ d. to fubjecl the Crown of Scotland unto him, for
ju.:ging the Catife en his Side. After tniuh I'iouile and Mifery of ff'ar. the >tate of
bcoiund rfcuw/ Roberf Biucc, ccme of the femtd Branch, for King, '.ecailtng *ll tlie
Subjeiiion and Allegiance they had given to Balol, licaufe of his Vuworthimis to rtign;
•who, btfide LJii^tnefs to tear Rule over a military People, had bafely cohdefcended to en-
flave that Nation, to whom their Liberty hath been fo dear to this Day, that for tt^
and the Ptotty of true Religion, which both, bj God's Mercy they now enjoy, they have
willingly iind chearfully undergone all Haz.ard 0} Life a:. d Mean', judging, TL:t if th-;y
ju^end theje two Twins, Liberty and Religion, either to be infringed, or taken fiont
them thty had mthihg left thtm whereby they might be, called Men.
The HmmLalle Hijtoiy oj King Jamts the i. of Scotland yf«ffi thit Ptirpofe very
well S.hel'flffage is this. King ]iimi:s the I. going into France, was taken bt the Lii-
glfh, and kept Prifoner by them for many Years- In that Tm;e the King of England
goes to FraFtt, o make M ar, and at his Arival there, he finds an Army of Sco^s ready
to fight for the Alley of Scotland, the trer.cii Kmg againfi the tnyhflt Upon this
the Ktig of Eng'and moves King James, whom he had taken along with him to write
unto the cots, and to charge them. Upon their Allegiance, not to draw their Sword
agamfl the Pa>ty where he their King was in Perfon. Thi Scocs aiifwered, That they
we c icnt lino France to affiit their Allies agaiiift the common Enemy. As foe
him who wrote unto them, fince he was a Pn'.oner, and not a free Man, thty nei-
ther Owed him Allegiance, nor would thty give h'm any, fo long as he was iri
.Piiloi; but if the were fet at Liberty, and were liiing among them, they would
obcv h:m accirdmg the Laws of the Country, fince the Crown was fettled up-
on ivn- by If Conltnt of the Srates, and fo they did ; for thefe Kingdoms were go-
lerned in his Name, without any Cvmmunication with him, during the Time of his Im-
p ifnment, which was very long; but when he wera home, he was received a;, d obeyed
as K:>g From this, Princes may learn that although People did fub?mt thtmfelves to
then Goverument, the Refigmition is not fo ju'l as to divefi thtmfelves of all Power in
fitch a IT'ay , that the Prince may difpofe of them as he thinks right or wrong, he ordi-
narily being mifltd and kept captive by thvfe that are about him, who, for the mofl
Party have no Regard to publick Good, nor to the Credit and Efleem of him, to whom in
Shtw thty projtjs themfelves fo addicted The People have cenjhmtly rejerved even tin'
to themfelves by the Content of all Men, yea, of the greate/l Curt furafi^ts and Syco-
phants of Princes, that the Prince cannot, nor ought not to eiflave or fubjeB the Peo-
ple to ally foreign Power ; and where Princes, by P ufillanimity and ill Counfel have
tffdyed or attempted [uch a Thing, they have fmarted for it ; witr.efs Baliol, who not
only wfls excluded himfelf from the Crown, but alfo his Poftcrity ; and it was fettled upon
the next Branch to wit, Robert Bruce, with his Defcendents. where it continues to
this Day by God's Providence. Then, fince the People have referved this Power in them'
felves to flop the Prime, to put them under any foreign Yoke or Slavery, is n poffihle
that they have not referved a Power to right themfelves from domeflick and intejiine
Slavery and Mifery, Slavery being ever one and the fame ? For what is it to w.- by
whom 1 fuffer Evil of one and the favte Kind and Degree, whether it be by a Neigh-
lour, or a Stranger, a Foreigner, or a Ccn citiz.en ? Tea, when I fuffer by^trn who
fhould be my Friend, and fland {or the fame Freedom with me, my imfiering is the
greater.
lo, this Purpefe you have a memorable Pafja^e of William the Norman, -who, al-
though he had invaded England -nith the Sword, and by it had defeated him who ,did
oppofe him for the Cfoun, -jiith all his yidheients and Party, and in confequetice of
this l^tilory had ctmmitted many Out rages ""Jiith a firot.g Hand ; yet the fame Willi-
am could never uffure hmfelf nor his Pofttrity of the Allegiance of the Pscple, till
he had fixorn folemnly (according to tfie Rite of the Times) for bimfelf and his, to gO'
e 2 wrti
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
•vern according to the good and approved Laws of the Land, as the vefl of Kings before
him had done.
Then the County of Kent, in its own Name, and in the Name of the whole King-
dom, declared, That neither Kent, nvr any other oj the Kingdom was conquered, but
in a peaceable 11 ay did fub7nit to William the Norman, upon Condition and tilth
Provtfo, That all their Liberties, and free Cujlomt in Ufe and Pra^ice. JJjuuld be kept.
If this was not accompbjhed afterwards, it was Stllmefs of the People that fuffered them'
felves to be abujed, and the Fault of mtjled PnnciSt that did not keep then Promifff
•whereunto they were tied ; and fundry, for the Breach of this Promtfe, have had Occa-
/ion to repent when it hath been tto late.
We Jhall add one Example more, which is of Henry the VIII. who, anno 152 j,-
the feVenteenth Tear of his Reign, by the Advice of his Council, put a Tax upon the
People, which the People did not only refufe to pay, but h dared. That the Thing was
unjufi and unlawful. Pttthal, wherever they met thoje whom the King had employed
ior the gathering the Money, they ufed thttH fo kindly, that they did never ccme twice
to one Place for the Payment of the Tax. The King feting this, he dfilaims the Im-
portion of the lax, and fo the Nobles that cunveemd at London, by h:s Command for
that Purpofe, and lays all the Fault upon ill Counfel, namely, upon Wolfey. This was
Henry conjlrained to do, mtwitkfianding his Refolutemfs againfi all fo'eig» Enemy,
chiefly the Pope "inith his ihaveliKgs. B) this Infiance Henry acknowledged his Power to
he limited, and noWife arbitrary, againfi the Dochine if our new Court parafites.
Now, if the People have this much Power in them, as to (land for their temporal
Liberty, both againfl foreign and dome/tick Slavery, far more may they, and ought they
to defend the (piritual Freedom, which Chris}, having purchafed with his Blood hath
left them, as Members of his Church- But all this Defence of Liberty and Religion
ought to be made fo, that it be without By ends Jmiflrous RefpeEls of Hatred, Malice,
Ambition &c. The only Scope and main Drift being, to have God's Glory, in the Light
cf his Gofpel^ fettled and maintained, the People at quiet, the Prince obeyed in God and
for God, (<• e ,) according to the Law of God, Nature, Nations, and the Country, or
Kingdom, fo far as poffible can be. This being lookt to carefully, there is no Gap
tpened to Rebellion ; which is a fighting againfi God's Ordinance, and not the jufl and
neccffayy oppojiiig of the Abufe and corrupting of the good Ordinance oj God.
But here a Court-flave "00111 fay. If Things befo, there is no Abfolutenefs in Monarchs
and Princes.
To anfwtr this, we mu/l know what is to be meant by abfolute, or Abfolutenefs ;
Vlhereof I find two main Significations. Ftrfi. Ablolute figwfieth perfeB, and Abfo-
lutenels PerfeEiion: Hence we have in Lacm this Exprefjion, i:*erKaum efl omnibus,
numeris abfolutum. And in our vulgar Language we fay. AThing is abfolutely good,
•when it is perfeSlly good Next, Abioluiejignifieth free from 'tie or Bond; which in
Greek is iyiihiKvixiun Now, fay J, if you take abfolute for perfetJ, that Prince or Ma-
gi firate is mofi -abfolute that is mofi perfeEl, who governs mofi abfolutely, or mofl per-
feBly- The A'folutenefs, or PerfeEiim of Government confjfls in its Conformity to the
(erfeSi Rule, which is written tn the Law of God, printed in the Heart of Man, re-
teived gene> ally of all wife People, and in PraiJice by all particular well-polifhed Com-
mon wealths Next, I fay, if you take ahioluie for free from Tie or Bond, that no
Prince nor Magi/irate is free; for every Magi (Irate or Prince, as well as the private
Man, is bound to keep the Law of God, of Nature, &c. not only in particular Things,
for his own (ingular Carriage, but alfo in publick Bufinejfes. for the Good and Society
of Men. or of the People : For God hath given his Law, And Nature her Dili ate s to
all, to the Obfervance of which all Men art tied. Tea, farther, they are not only
hound in their feveral Conditions, and tied to the Performance thereof in their own Per-
Jons hut alfo are bound to further it With all their Might, and take away all Things
that may let and flop this Performance, or deter and withdraw Men from it. Read
Lev. XX ly where every Man is commanded to rebuke his Neighbour, and flop him
from finning. Read Deur. xvii. 19, 20. where the King is commanded to have coutinu-
(illy the Copy of the Law before him for his Rule and Guide. IVhat is iu 1 6ani. viii. 10.
Mr. Buchanans Preface.
is what a King is likely to do, and not what he ought or fituld do. ffhis is clear ; fur
tn the I'lace nownntned. in Dcuttronomy, the King is told -what hi ought to do;
but thr.t he n U'd to do in Samuel, // contrary to the Otdmame oj God Loner the
Placet, a/id jou uill eafily fte this ^)uih. Next, a Prince is faid to be abfoiute. that
is not in any Kind lulaltern to another, and ulnfe SubjeHs aikncw/idge (under G(d)
no other but hmi. Htnce )0U ?nay fee. That the fcip:fh Kings and I nnccs are not ab-
Jolute: jor befJe the great Number of Ptvple wkhin their Limmions. -who are immedi-
ate fuoin FaJJals to ihe lope, I mean, the :hrvellii:gs. '1 he I'nnce himfelf takes Oitth
at his Reception, to uphold the over ruling Goveyi.n.int of the Pcpe, under the maiLed
Name of spirituality; and the fmpk abufd Piince Jhall' have jir a Regard, to make
up all, a little hoi) Oil to anoint him, and bear the Title of mi ft Chnfiian or Cat ho-
iick Princes. Farther, J Jay. that the Prince who, although tn Jvme Things have cafl
off the Tuke of this god upon Earth {for fo is the Pope now and then called) but keeps up
a Part of his Tyranny m the Church of God over his People, wants and Ivjes f much of
his Ahfolutenfjs, for this Tie upon him jrom a fuvereign Prince, the Pope But here the
Pope [leii-eth the Height of his Cunning , jor he feeing that Princes are told friquently that
they ate either abfollite or ought to be fuch, bethinks^imfelf to keep up his >uper eminency
above Princes, as his Vaffals, and ytt make the Princes find an Abfolutenifs which he
a^s by hn Em Jfaries and their inferior Infltumtnts jor their own p.ivate Ends uhom
he m^ikes incu'cate tn the Ears of Princes that their Abfolutentjs cohftBeth tn doing
with the Life. Liberty, and Fortunes of the People, as fiems good in their E)es, without
any Regard to the Giod of human Society uhch is the ttue E,.d oj all Governmint,
but Utth this Piovifo, That thofe who have Relation to him immediately, be exempted ;
and thofe are not only his shavelings, who are openly obedient to his Commands and
Orders. &c. but alfo thofe yea in Kingdoms where his Name is in a Kind rejeHed,
who keep up his tyrannical Laws and Ordinances, as we have felt 0} late, namtly tn
thefe Dominions wherein we live, to our wojul Experience ; for they ta up! old and en-
creafe their Power, have lafl both Prince and Fe. pie into peat Troubles, inaking the
Prince believe that without thim he hath no Being *>
But to fkw thee that Ptinces may ttfe the People committed to their Charge hke
Beaf/s, and yet neverihelefs are not abfolute cafi thy Eyes in the neighbour Count) les,
tnly upon the Duke of Jjavoy. and the Duke of Hottncc, who although they be So-
vereigns in a kind over the People and deal mofl hardly with them, takmg their Lives
and Fortunes away at their P ha fare, yet they are mt acknowledged to be abfolute Pr in'
ces ; for they are Vaffals of the Empire, and their chief Titles are to be Oncers there-
of, fo the Duke of bivoy is qualified Vicur of the Einpire &c.
// you confider the Prince, and People committed to his Charge, as having Relation
one to another, I fay, they are both bound one to another by Duty ; the Printe fi,fl
bound to rule and govern according to the Law of God, of Nature, of Nations and mu-
nicipal Laws of the Country, and the People is bou„d to obey him accordingly; But
if the Prince command any Thing againfi thefe, his Commands are not to be obeyed, God
being only he to whofe Cojnmandj Obedience is fimply due, and to be given ; but to Men
only Obedience with Limitation, and in external Things, according to the Laws Jo oft
above named, at the leaf? not againfi them or oppiftte to them. The Chimera or
rather Mlecif me in Reafon of paffive Obedience, is not to be thought on among rational
Men it being the Invention of Court- paraCites a mere Nothiig, or i on tns ; for Obe-
dience ccnffteth in Afiion, as all other Vtrtues do. and not in Suffering Farther,
whofoever. for not obeying a wicked Cimmand of a Superiour, fiffeieth if he can flip
it, or fkun it, is an Enemy to his own Being uherem he offends againfi Nature; jor
you fee every natural Thing ft; iveth to cvnferve itjelf ugatrji what annoyeth n ; then
he fins agair.fi tie Order of Cod, who in vain hath craamd us fo many lauful Aeant
Jor the fiele)\ation of cut Being if we fuffer it to be difhoyed havitg Power tohep
it. But then it u,// be demanded U hat is there no Abfoluttnefs in humane Authori-
ty? I enfwer, imf/e Abfoluttnffs there is none under God ; for all humane Authority
is limited by the Lain aforefaid, and exter.ds no fattLr than txternal lhit.gs;yet
tmpamtvely humane Authority it fatd to be abfolute, when it it Jree Jrm any fatigti
Mr. Buchanan s Preface.
fuperiour Power- So when Henry the VIII. having cafl <f the R-'tniOi Me, and put-
ting down the Vajjallage of thefe his Dominions unto the Pope, caujed divers Books to
le written of the ahjolute Empire or Authority of the Prince ; although after the free-
ing himjelf from the Pope, he had not. nor did not pretend to have any vjore abjoltne
Power over the People, than he had before; but albeit this Prince did much jot the re-
gaining the abfolute Authority to tlie Croiun again, in chafing away the Rom ft Poi v&,yet
he did it not fully, in fo far as he kept'fliU the Romilb Rites and the Hierarchy or
Prelacy, wherein the Romifh Fvx lurking, hath kept himfelf in thefe Countries unto
this Day ; and now having aiied the Fox long enough he is acting the I'Polf, by dejiroy
ing the People of God. If the Succeffor s of King H nry had not kept in the Romift fu-
perftitious Kites and Hierarchy, they, and we all had had better Times, than we have
all tafied of Although King Hei>ry, for his Vices, be blame worthy to all PoRerity, ■
yet 1 muR fay, in all humane Appearance, that if the Prelate- btjhops, to whom he trtf
fied the reforming of the Abufes of the Church, had been as forward as he was willing,
there had been a better Reformation than was in his time ; witnefs this hflunce, i'lie
People deiired Freedom co read the l^cripciire, the thmB.ftops reUifed this unto
the People. Wherettpon the King ^as petitioned in Name of the People, the King
grants their Petition ; the Bifhops hearing of the King's Grant thus limit it, not daring
to deny it flatly. That all Gentlemen Ihould nave Libetty to read the Scripture,
fince it was the King's Plealure ;■/;«? /or ethers, the Peymiffion was flopt ; asifTeO'
men and Tradefmen had not as much Interefi in God's M^ or d, as Gentlemen. Tloen re-
mark, all thofe that were put to Death for the ^tRtmony of the Truth in Hciny the
VIII. his Days, were perfecuted by the Btjhops of the Time, although the Blame lieth
upon the Prince; for albeit they had in Cnnphance to the King, renounced the lope bj
Word of Mouth, yet m E§eii they kept up his Tyranny, by his DpElrme, (with Jmall
Alteration changed) his Rites and Ceremonies Canons and Laws Prelacy or Hierarchy
maintained . And feeing the King fo oppofite to the Pope they condtfctnded, that the
King jhuuld bear the blafphemous Title of the Pope, Head ct the v.liurch, although
with ReluEiancy ; and fo it froved; for, mtwnhflanding all the Statutes that were made'
in favour of this Title taken from the Pope and attributed to the King the Bijhops,
•with cunning ond fubtile Proceedings, kept a Foot the Power of the Pope ; and fo foon
as they fnw the Occmfion of Qtieen Mary her Reign, they freely and eaUly brought all back
again to Rome without Mask er Limitation : And ever fince their Succefjori although by
the Com fe of Affairs <they) have been obliged to difclaim the Pope his Authority, yea,
and his DoEirine in fame Meafure ; yet they, ever Jince. to this Day, have expyefitd their
Inclinations, and done their Endeavours to return thither again, as we all know by dole-
ful Experience But here it may be demanded IVhat Drift or Policy can it be in the
PiJJjops. to defire to be fubfeB to Rome, rather than to their Prince, and Laws of the
Country ? The Anfwer is, The Propenfity of us all to follow Evil rather than Good,
is known, najnely M'hen the Evil hath the Mask of worldly Dignity, Pomp Power,
and I leafure, which hinders it to he feen in its own Colours. Now the Btjhops, and nil the
Rabble of that corrupt Clergy, are given to temporal howfoever unlawful Advantages^
as their Ambition, Avarice, and Lufl, from the very Beginning hath Jhewn ; which ex-'
orhitant Pafiiovs lead Men headlong, without ^Meafure when once Way is given unto
them, unlefs they meet with fome Lett or Stop, which is both kfjer and flower when it
is afar off namely, when it cometh from one who is pofiiffed with the fame Diftempers,
and himfelf of the fame Order of Men with the Delinquent ; and fo the Bijhops of this
I/land, had rather have to. do with the Pope than with the Prince-
Fitlt, Beccfufe of mutual Intimity the Pope proveth more indulgent than aW/Py'ttce.
]sji.xt. The Prince is too near them, and fo it is befi for them to be fo 'A^^ of the
Prince his JurifdiEiion, that they may be able not only to negleii him bt^ "^f" to op'
pofe him For all, let that Example of the Canterbuty Prelate fervr w/jo made the
King for the time to hold the Stirrup when he gat up upon his Morfe. the Story is
known ■
1 called a little before the Title of Head of the Church, *led by the Pope, and then
given to Henry, bUfpheraous. To lay afide all other Things that may be alledged
agatnfi
Mr. "Buchanans Preface.
n I n ,U I Ihall only lay th,s. the Chinch is the Spoufe of Chrifti no Spoufe
can ^\ff/fJr'Me herfelj to be the Stotiff vf any vth^r but of Chr.fl, (he ■were
%rt^'i o/The thJ i altZ,h the Cr.l Mag^flrate u oll.,ed, according to
^\^\ ApI to (ee the Mmtften cf the Church do the Work cj the Lord trw
f fr; ;^ ^^ca^X tdtl'Lke Lm do tt accord., to theii'.lloj G.d de-
'^J t sM'oT et for all th,s. he u nothing hut a Serrant Ovefjur , or Grf,
td„ h H.^ uhJualnle belonging only to Urnfi: M heref ore. Princes or m-
L Is that Isfluvih FUttertrs had this Ink gmn unto tnrn at the M l^^j
fjeZl 0 nli It as then Succ.Jfors, uho have followed, had done u.ll like^if^,
dene v^el to ''J'" ' ^. .. . ,fj „,, j^ff^,,j ,,„ J,tle to have been continued
K^^ laletinth^^^l^^^^^^^^^ -*'- '^^ rirneJer.inginconM^rateMin..
ZtTs:r^\h:Narneoi the Church, for her Head ; ,/ the H-d o the Church
^^JtTt poyed ur, thin the Lfluences of the Head upon the Church vM be but
^i;:t:t A-^^ i:^r t^:^^ ^^ p^u.. rray^s . ... ^v...
Ci thChuch caU the Vrince forfooih 1 nc B-eath C cur Nol.rUs, taking f.r hi
Cruydtle iro>ds «,/ Jacmy. ,« his Lamentations. Chap, .v- ver 20. wImhM.rds,
t7ecZrntoi th Lents, and Septuagint. are to be uner flood of CfJd"s-
%uitu the R b.ns have interpreted the U'ords of o:e of the hags of Juciah to
Ir la's 0 Z.c.k.as, and hence feme of the later Espofuors bavee:.plainedt1>efi
M' J That hdx and l.tcra.iy ihcy may be apphcd 10 one of the Kings o. 7»-
?J whrwcrcall F,gures of Chnft to come, buc prmc.pally ar.d mainly .he
itrd V^e ro be underftood of Jdus thr.ft. by the Conknt of al; /b to attn-
luethefe Words to any Prince earthly, cannot be without Offence 0 Crijl ■ for -.ho
can be aid p>ope>ly Ji^ v:ell. to be ^he brcatJ. o. our Nol'nis, tut he uho ,„^,n,
Tto us id hat is God. In like Manner the inconfiderate Minifiers of the Gofpel,
\ l\ th Text of the eightieth Ffalm, uhich. by the Confeut of all is underfiood of
?/^^?/rt// W / Davfu as a Figure of Chrift to come call the King. Tnc Man
of 1 "g r H.od; this in no-wife. --nhut Blalphmy, can be attributed unto an,
trthjP-.L. for none is faid to be a Figure 0} Chufl .. U^vd andhis .^uccefjors
Z^ h a particular Dilpeifation But ,f m,faiplm and miflahng of le^ts ./ i>crip.
7u ull do Buji.e}s fvce Mag:flrates are to be faid gods yot. may as.uell call tl^
tncTcod J the Rim:n EJp^rcr was of old by fome fo caljed^ nnd «m the Pope
I hs Cou.t profiles; which M of God no Prince ■wdljuffer to be g.v.nunto hm:
Xrly as I IS n \er g.eat Crime not to give due Refpe^ Keverence and Obedience
Z\im whom God hath fet over us for our Good, according to his wife Ordn^ance,
T\nthe other 5ide. n is a huge Sin to idolize the prince making him a g.d when
he u u Tweak and nfirm Ln, .^ervant of God. Thisjecond Fault .s com^n.tted
chiflyby the Sycophants and Para/ites uho have m other C^«-\«" .^^^^^f ./^t
St and make Htnicn to none but to the King -^^^/^ ^^^f /^ tf/.cl'
that they may catch fomewhat to fatisfy their imidinate Defiru. And the fi'Pj ^rn
mmei namely by their prelatical Clergy wh> withdraw fnr,i the Pr.nce a g>eatpart
:Z'Le, ilJn they ludy to ese.pt themfelves fnrn his Obedience and take fr^
hm any UpcBion ufon them namely, concerning the Difcharge of their Calling altho
h^cX Ordinance it be a mam part of hn Office, to fee Cod ferved and worjh.pped,
acco.dtig to his Will revealed m bis facred Word. ^ ,. ,„,i,,, ,A-
W . have a little above Jeen low th^ by the Flattery of feme ^^^^^^^"^ f/
CuBcm IS brought into the Church, to give unto t\Prn.e^.^ot ""'y J^''^^^^*
blafphem.vs litis „i ^he pubhk Prayer that is made by the Mimfler '» f^J^J^J f
theChuuh: But Mlthough this be too g>eat an Lvil, and ''V''f'^'^%'^''''r"n^
the Flattery 0) feme Preachers hath not flayed here; jor they, according '<> f^'l'-^fj^^^^
havir.g adMhd rimfelves to any one whom they conceive maj help xUm "^^^^''^2;
/»cA net in the ttuj^a where all Relation Jhould le laid cfde fuzcthat of ''J^''f'J
cj God's Word, topubufh thmjelves, :,ea m thtir Prayers, to be VarUts to thts I^.an
Mr Bncbanans Preface.
or that Man ; and ivhat it worfe yet in the Prayer the} call tlmr MaRers and Lords
•vertuous, pious and religious, when it is known to all that, for the mofl part, they have
little Vei tue, lefs Piety, and no Religion at nil. To have pointed at theje Things Jhall (uffice
for this Place If any Man will Be contentiotis for thtfe PraEiices, 1 anfuer him. that the
well-reformed Churches have no fuch Cuffoms; for among the other Al/ufes,whereof they have
been purged, by the Care and Diligence of the faithful Vine-dreffers, under God's Bleffingt
they have 'een pruned of this rotten Bua of flavijh Flattery, as a Cerruption much oppojite
and ctntrary to the Dignity and Power of the Gvjpel. But let us return, after this long Di-
grejjlon
, InthefeDays (that is in the thirteenth Age) lived Michael Scot, unowned for his
Learning in Phjlck, Aft>ono?ny, &CC. He is remembred by Picus Mirandula, andCoint'
Ijus Agnppa, very honourably- Alfo then lived Thomas Lermonch. commonly called.
The Rychmer ; whofe PrediHions are extant to this Day : But no wife Man can make any
Thing of them more than (f Mtrlin Arj Pro^he/ies, who lived long before him, although
fundry have pleafed their Fanfies with idle Expojitions of thefe two Mens Dreams.
lowards the End of this thirteenth Age. the good Roman PoiUit Boniface the VIII;
making VJe of the heavy Moans and Complaints that feme of Scotland, namely, of the
Sijhops and other Clergy-men. with their Clients, made againfi King Edwird of England,
who then did cruelly affiiEl the Country, claims a Right unto the Crown o/" Scotland, as re-
figned unto him by the States ; and upon this he writes an infulting Letter, and full of
fLhreatntngs, unto Edward, that he was fo malapert as to do any Wrong to his l^affals and
Subjelis i where he had none truly fave the Btjhops and ihavelings, with their Clients.
U hether the Clergy did make this Offer of SuljeBion unto the Pope or whether he did fat fly
invent this Lie, we cannot tell, but it is betutxt the Pope and hisjhaved Creatures ; fuch
Mnfier, fuch Men. Let this teach us how the Popes are and have been, and will be ever
confiantly, ready watching at all Occafions, to draw all Sthings to their Crofs. But this
owning of the Scots by the Pope for his peculiar People, did not laft long; for in a very
fiort 'Ti?ne thereafter notwithfJanding the great Ignorance of thefe Days the Scors fhew
ed themfelves RefraEiariet to his holy Orders ; and he, in Revenge, did thunder the Fire-
holts of his Excommunication againfi thefe rude Fellows, putting them to the Interditi,
all to fmall Purpofe i for by thefe Bolts they were but very little dajhed.
We have heard how that in former Times the Church of Scotland was ferved by Cul-
decs and they ruled by their Presbyteries or Elders, having a Moderator or Prefect of
themfelves and of their own chufing ; this was for many Tears- II hen Palladius brought
jB Prtidcy, a mw holy Order, into the Church of Sqoz\ and, unknown to the preceeding
^ges it was with this Reflraint That Btjhops Jhould h chofen by the Culdees, and of
them: But when Bijhops had once gtten certain Dioceffes and Limits alotted unto them,
they fet up a new Presbytery of their own, or Council of Canons or Regulars, which they
called Chapitrs, by whom they intended to be chofen in following T'lmes 7Ae Culdtes
feeing this, did oppofe it with their main Strength, namely, under Kiig David, ivho did
take up the Bufinefs thus, {being carried away by the Prelates) that fo many of the
Culdees as would be Canons, jhould have Hand in the chufing of the Bijhops. But the
Bifhops, to elude this Ordinance of the Prince, obtained a Mandate Jrom the Pope, Thac
uoCuldee fliould be received in the Convent of Canons, but by the Content of
the Prior, and molt Part of the Canons, By thefe Means the Culdees were kept out,
and deprived of their Voice in chufing of the Bijhop. In the Time of the Troubles of Ba-:
Jioi and Bruce, one William Cummg, PrefeEi of the Culdees, thinks it fit for to be-
ftir himftlf to try what he could regain upon the Canons, and fo he oppifeth theEleflion
by the Canons of one Wiluam Lambcrton t^he See of St. Andrews. The Bufinefs be-
ing come to a great Height, by Appeal was drawn to Rome, where, after muchDebate
p[0 tOima, Time and Moneys employed, the holy Father Boniface the VIII /ronounces
Sentence in favour of his dear Clients the Canons ; and fo Lamberton is .fade BiJhop,
and confecrated by the Pope Boniface. 'This FaSi turned (o to the Difgrace of the culdees,
that after that Time we Vead no more of them ; fo the Name and Order iy little and little
came to be quite euinguijied, about the Beginning of the thirteenth .^gi'
1}
Mr. Buchanans Preface:
In the Beginning of ike fourteenth j4ge, the Order cj the limpUrs uaj put dcixn -whe-
ther jcr their jtijt Dewtrits^ or for private Enii and Hatred, ue have it to theliifto-
lies of the/e Timer, fcfe Clement the V. ly his Bull did {^(Ijier tltm, the Bttll begin-
nir.g tJus Quarquam cc jute non poffumuy/amen pro pltt.itudir.t poteflatis didtum
ciL'ii tni rtprcb:mus. (7c- /Ijter vchich all Chrifiu.r, Princes did caiije them to le ap-
prehindtd in their fevernl DcniinioKs, ntd put thtm jtim thur Efiotes ichich was then
given toHcJpitallers eitd Knights of St. John, aftir they lad flccd nkout two hundred
Tears, infiituttd ly Eildomn King of Jtrufaltm, jcr Defence of that City undlemph,
and the fait conveying of all fuch as did travd thithtr : They ate a.'fo called Rtot'RfS,
tecavfe their Gov.ns uere red. In this fourteenth ^ge did f.turtp the great fihvhfiuk Jo-
hannes, called Scows, frctn this Nation and Vmls frcm the flace of their Birth , for
he vcas lorn in the T'cun cf Duns in the Mers : he -was n great Opptfer of '1 homai cf
^quin hii DcHrine. His SeEiaries were called Scotifls; /;;/ Epitaph was thus :
Scotia mc gennir, Arglia fufccpit,
Gallia cdocuir, Germania tenet.
In the Beginning of the fifteenth yige there was a great Schiffn in the Rom'fb Cltirch,
Pope againfl Pcpe ; yea, fcmetimes there were three Pcpes at one Time fighting ir.e ag'iinfi
mnothir, and excommunicating one another ; this Schifm lafled abcut thnty Tears and by
the Council of Conltance Martin theV- was made Pipe and the uR defeated. There was
«nf John Fogo, a Mot.k of Melros, who ;« Sccdand defended the EleElion of Mattinr
hy the Council againfl Bencdid, alias Peter de Lune.
During this fore-named Schifm. many (taking Occapcnof the Opennefs (f the 'Times)
iregan boldly and freely to fpeak againfl the bad DcEJrine. Government af:d Lives cf the
Church men, and that not only in private Difcourfe, but they alfo preached it publickly^
as John Wickiiffe mEngUnd, John Hus ^wJ Jerome cf Praput /w Bohemia, wlofpcke
iefore the People \reeh of the Tyranny of the Government of the Clergy, the Corruption cf
their DcSJrine, andl^ickednefs of their Lives. In thofe Da)s alfo there were fome in Scot-
land, who feared not to make known to the People the T; nth of God, as namely James ReU
by ««</ Paul Craw, (among others) who fuffered AJart)rdom for the T'ruth. About this
Time the Carthufians were brought from England into Scotland, and had luilt tints
them a Monafiry at Perth. In this Age the Univerfity of St. Andrew was ftt tip, chiefly
hy the Means of Henry Wardiaw Bifhop of that Place, that in feme Kind the Schools of
JLearning might not be altogether wanting, which formerly hadflourified for fo long a Time
among <^f Culdees, and of latter Tears quite dfca}ed ; this Good did V/aidhvr. As his
'fredeceffor William Trail had built the Caftle of the fame City, fo his Succtffor James
Kennedy built the old College liktwife, called St. Sdlvaior his College. Patrick Graham,
ihat came after him. was the Man that brought into Scotland theT'itlt of Primate^
'Metropolitan, and Archbifhop. by Bull if Sexius quartus. Enm the firfl preaching cf
the Gofpel till ?i\h(iius, the Church of Scotland was happy without Bijhips. From Pal-
Jad us to King Malcome his Days the Bi/hops had no dijtniSl Diocfffes, or Parifies from
King\A3.]comt; ////Patrick Graham they were without Archbijhcps ; this Title, and
higher Rank of Authority did not fucceed well with Graha m ; for the other Bijl:ops could
fuffer no Superior under the Pope, namely fo near them, hitherto h*vir.g rejeHed all the Prc-
teffions of the Archbi/:cp of York. The inferior Clergy alfo were afiaid of the Increafe cf
the Authority of the Man whom they conceived auflere and rigid ; and fo by the FaElion of
the corrupt Court and difordered Clergy, poor Graham lofl the Title he had procured, with
the Benefice, and one St evez got his Spoil; and what a fweet Bird Shevcz was, the StO'
Ties of that Time do fufficiently manifeft.
Robert Blacater feeing the Bifhop of St. Andrews now a Metropolitan and Archbifhop,
thtains from Alexander theVl. a Bull, whereby he is made Archbifhop alfo, and he hadun-
der him the Bijhops 0/ Galloway, Argylc andlfles ; which new Dignity angred the Archbi-
fhop of St, Andrews, above the Lofe of his Vaffals ; for to have a Companion in equal Dig-
nity fet up befide him, was hard; but he mufl digtfl the Pill, fince the Pope will have it fo.
Laftly, David Beaton brought in theTttle of Cardinal into Scotland, who hath been
the only Man that hath born that Title in this Country, and how it did fjpeed with him, the
following Hifiory will tell you.
g As
Mr. "Buchanans Preface.
As m the BegtKning of the fifteenth Age the Schiftn from the Pafacy opened through
Chriftendom mam Mens Mouths, and bufied their Pens to J«t forth the CcriUptioH oj the
Church and the Vnes of the C/ergy ; even Jo in the Begming of the fifteenth Age, thofe
that fought for the Bijhoprkk of St. Andrews, by their Diffention gave Occafion to
many in bcutland to Jheak iu fublick and privqte of the Corruption of Clergy mens Lives,
Government and Doarine «b Scotland ; which coming to the Pope's Ears, prefentlj he [ent
unto the Ring, ]3mts the IV. a Sword, with the Title of Proteiitor ot the Fauli ; as if
all Chrifiian Primes were not in Duty bound to proteii the Faith in Chrifi; but the Faith
which the Pope would have the King to prQteii, vias his erroneous DoEirtne, and tyranni-
cal Authority.
Some few Tears after this Henry the VIII. was declared by the Pope Defender of the
Faith, and had the ^word likewife. James f/<ie IV. of Scotland being dead, now bj the
corrupt Courtiei s the young inconfiderate King Jimes was made believe, that tlie confer'
ring of this new -t/tle by the Pope, did bring unto him a great Pre eminence ; yea. the
Court Sycophants did not flick to call it, A new Hoyaity, when in EfftEi it was nothing
elfe but a new Note of his Vaffallage to Rome ; and by the accepting of the Sword, he did
engage himfelf to make War for Rome j and fu he did indeed; for fundry Men, after this,
during his fhort Reign, were perfecuted, and fuffered Death for the Truth oj Chrifi.
S'his is the fecond remarkable Badge of .^li,v->'y put upon our Princes by the Pope; the fov
mer was their anointing by him, as we hare feen before.
Here be pleafed with me to remark, That oj all the Bijhops of Scotland before the Re-
formation, namely, fince they were made Lords of certain Places, and had particular Di'
ocejjes, you cannot €nd one who had any Care of the true Charge of Paflor ; for their whole
Study was to raife their Power, and to encreafe their Means for the upholding oj their.
Power : And, to effeEiuate this more eajilj and fully, they kept both Prince and People in
dark Ignorance of God's bFill and IPord. But becaufe they mufi Jeem to do fomewhat for
the Name-fake of Bt[hups, they caufed to build iValls oj Temples and Chaples, fet up Ima-
ges and Piiiures richly dre/fed, to content the Eyes, and brought into the Church Inflru*
ments of Mufick, and artificial finging with great Skill, to content the Ear ; alfo they
brought in fweet Perfume, and Incenfe for the Smell; fo the mofl fubtile Senfes were thus
fatisfied. And, to make a Shew to keep under the Senfes which are moregroff, there mufi
he fome Kind of Fa/ling enjoined to the People, audChafinefs to the Church men But how,
and to what Purpofe thefe two laji have been kept, all Men know But kept or not, all if
one. all thefe Qtdinaaces which the BiJIiops jet up for Religion, have been difcovered by God's
Mercy, to be not only without IT^arr ant in God's Word, but plainly contrary to the fame.
Of all the Bifliops o/ScoUand in Time oj Rejormaticn. there was only one or two who em-
ir aced the "itruthyall the reft were either projtjjed Perfecuters of God's Children, and open Ene-
mies of the "Truth or elfe they were given altogether fo to fastify their Bellies and Lusls, that
they had no Care of Religion; witnejs Gcorgt: Crichton (intheNamt of all the ref?) Bijhop
of DunkeJ, uho confeffed truly. That he had lived a long Time Bijhop, and never knew any
Thing of the Old or New Teflament.
Impiety, Ignorance, and MAckednefs came to fuch a Height among the Church men of all
Ranks, Degrees and Profeffms, that God being, after fo long Patience, in a Manner vexed
with them, did flir up the People to chafe them from the Service of his Houfe, and to put
others in their Places, as you will fee in this following Hilary, whereunto I refer you. And
Jfballclofe up this Difcourfe with one or two Pafjages, worthy to be known, whereby yi/ii
may fee the Learning of the Church-doBors in thofe Days,andhow they did employ the Know-
ledge they hadto abufe the poor People. The firfi Pagage is this ; 0«e Richard Marlball
Prior of the Blacktriers at Newcallle in Englancf, preached in St. Andrews, That the
Pater-nofi;er/joa/(i he faid to God only, and not to the Saints, "the Dolors of St. An-
drews offended at it, made a Gray jrier, called Totis, preach againfl Marftal his Tenet;
which he did thus, (taking his Text out of the Fijthof St. Matthew, Blefftd are the Poor
in Spirit) Seeing we fay. Good Day, Father, to any old Man in the Street, we rnay call a
Saint, Pater, who is older than any alive ; and feeing they are in Heaven, we may fay to any
of them. Our Father wtiich art ni Heaven ; and feeing they are holy, we may fay to any
«f thm, Hallowed by thy Name j and fines they are m the Kingdsm of Hegven, we ?nay
fay
Mr. 'Buchandns Preface.
fay^ Thy Kingdom come ; and feeing their M til is God's iVill, -we may fay to any of
them. Thy Will be done. But -when the Gray frier preaching, came to the jourth Petiti-
on, Give us this Day our daily Bread, heims hijfed at, and f- was confirained not only
to leave 0^ preaching, but alio to leave the City for ^Shame. Ytt among the Doctors then
affembled, the Difpute continued ahut the Pater ; for fowe -would have it faid to God lor-
mahtcr, and to the Saints matciialiftr ; others foGodf princrpjiircr, and to the Saints mi-
nus principalirer; others primario to God, fccundario to the Saints , others vimld have
it (aid to God taking it Oride, and to the Saints taking it late. Nutwithflandino all thefe
DiflinElions, the DoHors could mt agree upon the Eufinefs. A Fellow called Tom, Servant
to the Sub prior of St. Andrews, one Day perceiving his Ma/ler much troubled with fvme
Bu/inefs, and as he conceived weighty, faid to him, Sir, what is the Matter of rhisyouc
Trouble? ^he Ma/ier anfwered, ^'s cannot agree about the faying of the Pater.
fThe Fillow replied. To whom fhould it be f^id, but to God only ? 7he Ma-
fier anfwers again, What (Lai! we do then with the Saints? The Fellow duplies. Give
them Ave's and Credo's enough, that may (uffice them, and too well too. If this was
good Divinity, God knows. The fecond Paffage likewife is very well worth the knowing, and
to this Purpofe very fit. which fell out about the fame Time with the former, that is, about
the fir ft Beginning of the Reformation. A little before the Death of George Wi/chart
there came home fromRome a Fellow charged with very many holy Re/iques,and new Things
of great Virtue, as he gave out ; but the Things were not to be had, nor any Benefit by the
Sight or touching of them, without Monies. Now upon a holy Day, in a Village near Had-
dingtoun, this Romifli Pedler dtd (fen his Pack, to try if he could vent any of hit Wares
among the Country People. Among ether Commodities the good Merchant did jhew unto the
People there was a Bell of much Value, byreafvn of its great Vertue, which he gave out to
be this, 7 hit if any two Parties had any Difference which could not be ether vet fe decided
tut by Oath, the Truth of the Oath was to be made known by this Bell: For (faid he)
when any one fweareth, laying his Hand on the Bell, if he fwear true, he fhail akec
theOath fworn remove his Hand eafily from the Bell, without any Change to the Bel! •
but if he thatfweareth having his Hand upon the Bell, fweareth falfly, his Hand
will flick to the Bell, and the Bell will rive afunder. Now we muf} tell you, that
already there was a Rift in the Bell, which this Romipete did affirm had happened by a falfe
Oath of one that had fworn having hisHand upon the Bell- At this Tale the poor Jimple People
•were aftonijhed, and fell in Admiration. But among them was one Farmer, who had
fome Light of theTruth of God ; he drawing near the Homifb Merchant, dejired to have
the Bell in his Hand, to fee it nearly. This Defire was granted unto him. Then he takes
the Bell, and looks on it, expreffwg great Admiration at firft ; but immediately thereaf-
ter he asked at the Romipete. If he would fufer him to fwtar in Prefence of the Company,
having his Hand upon the j^ellf For he had Mind to take an Oath upon a weighty Bujtnefn
The Man could not refufe him. Then faid the Farmer to the Company, Friends, before
I fwear, you fee the Rift that is already ia the Bell, and how big it is, and that I
have nothing upon my Fingers to make them flick to the Bell, li^ith this he liew-
eth them his Hand open: Then, laying his Hand upon the Bell, he did fwear this. I fweac
in the Prefence of the liifingGod, and before thefe good People, That the Pope
of Rome is Antichtift, and that a!' the Rabble of his Clergy, Cardinals, Archbi-
fhops, Biftops, Prielts, Monks, with the rtft of the Crew, are Locu/ts come from
Hell, to delude the People, and to withdraw them from God : Moreover I promifc,
they will return to Hell; Incontinent he lifted up his Hand from the Bell before them all,
andfaid,Sze,¥rknds,thit I have lifted up my Hand freely Irom theBell,and look unto
the Rift in the Bcll.it is one and the fame, without Change ; this l}iewetb,according
to the Saying of this Merchant, That I have fworn Truth. Then this poor Fellow
•went away, and never was more feen in Scotland, nor any other of his kind, who brought
Reliques, or other like Toies from Rome.
Many more of this kind might be alledged ; but let thefe fufficeto demonflrate the mijeraile
Ignorance from which Gody m his Mercy, hath delivered us i to whom be Praife and G/ory
for this and all other Benefits.
With this 1 end the Preface, that you may come to the Hiftory itfelf.
THE
LIFE
OF THE
AUTHOR.
HIS Country q/ Scotland, tho in many other Re-
fpe^s inferior to federal other Countries^ jet hath
in all Times been happy in producing to thi}
World fome of the moji eminent Perfons in all
TrofeJJions : The fixteenth Century in a Special
Manner is remarkable upon this Jccount, for in
that Period we (l^all find as confidcrabk a Num-
ber of remarkable Scotfmen, as any Jge ever,
brought forth : I am per/waded^ that none of Mr,
KnoxV greatejl AdverCaries can deny^ that upon many Accounts he de-
ferves to have his Memory tranfmittedto Pofierity : The great Revolu-
tion in Matters of Religion, in zvhich he zvas fo remarkably inflrumen^
taU makes it ab/olutcly nece(}ary to mention him frequently^ when that
Matter is treated of; and it will be evident from the Sequel of thix
Difcourfe, that all the confiderable Perjons, who were convinced of the
Necejjity of a Separation from the Church of Rome, at theTime it was
madey had the higheji Efleem of Mr. Knox, and that no Protejiant of
any Name wrote of him^ but in Terms of the greateji Re/peSf, during
the Currency of the fixteenth Century : It is very truCy that he has not
been Spared by fome virulent Topiflj Writers in that Time; but thefe
are of Such a Sort, that they have very little Authority among the
Men of Mgte of their own Trofeffion ; and I think that Jome late pro-
(«) Sefed
li The Lite of the Author.
fejftd Protejlant Writers add mry little Credit to their Writings ■> by
copying after them. I intend in this Narrative to gim a fair and un-
difguifed Account of the J5iions of Mr. Knox, and, mthout interpof-
ing my Opinion-, leave the Reader to form his own Judgment of him,
vjhichi I hopey will he much more agreeable to all impartial Perjonst
than the Method of fome, who Jill all Jccoimts of this Kind, either
mth Encomiums of, or Inveftives againft the Perfon they zvrite of; for
Praife-worthy Jd:ions will always be valued by virtuous Perfon s-^where-
as vicious and enormous Leeds, however artfully difguifed^ will ahvays
appear at laft in their native Colours.
Alt the Writers of Mr. Knox'/ Life agree, that he was born in
Giffard, K^^r Haddingtoun,yome aflirm that he was born in the Tear
1505; and if he^ was 67 Tears of Age at his 'Death, anno 1572, as
^iJJjop Spotifwood affures us^ he was certainly horn in that Tear C^).
His Trogenitors-,according to his own Account of them^ in his U'ftorV-,
p. 306. zvere Followers of the Earls of Both we] : My Great-grandjfathcr
and Father {^fays Mr. Knox fo the Earl of Bothwel) have lerved
^our Lordihip's Predeceflbrs, and fome of them have died under their
Standards; and this is a <"art of the Obligation of our Scott fh Kind-
nelsj Thife Words feem to import that Mr. Knox'j Predecefjors were
in fome honourable Station under the Earls o/" Bothwel, at that Time
the moji powerful Family in Eafl-Lothian. Mr. David Buchanan in
ffis Account of Mr. KnoxV Life and Death, affirms. That- his Father
teas a Brother''s Son of the Houje of Ranferlie, vjhich f ems not to he
fo very confijient with Mr. Knox'j own Account of his Tredeceffors jufi
noix) mentioned, who a^rms that his Great-grandfather had Jtrved the
Earl of Bothwei'j- Predeceffors, which implies that he had taken up
his Refidence in Eaft-Lothian. Perhaps this Great-grandfather was a
Son of that ancient Family, which, from the Reign of King AhK&ndct
II. had pojfeffed thefe Lands in the' Shire i?/' Renfrew, and were dijpon-
ed by Uchter Knox o/" Renfarly to William firfi Earl of Dondonaid,
anno 1665. And I am well informed., from very near Relations of that
Family, that the Family of Renfarly claimed Mr. Knox as a i^adet of
. it, and looked upon it as their Honour that he was defcended of it.
Dr. M'Kenzie affirms, that Mr. Knox was taught his Grammar in
the School of Haddingtoun, in Company with the Laird of Langnid-
' drie'j- Children^ after which he zvas lent to the Univerfity of St. An-
drews, where he ftudied under Mr. John Mair, better known in the
learned World by the Name o/" Joannes Major, and there he received the
Degree of Mafler of Arts, when very young., having made very great
Progrefs in his Studies in a fljort Space {b). Melchior Adanius adds
(c), I'hat he taught the Scholafiick Theology, which he had learned
from Major his Mafler with great Authority, and that in fome Things
he was more happy than his Mafler. And Mr. Buchanan adds. That
he was advanced to Churcli-Orders before the Time ufaally allowed by
the Canons.
But as the forecited Ad&mjis informs us, having begun carefully to
read over the Writings of Auguftine and Hierom, he difcovered in them
e ano-
{a) See SpotifwooJ's Hift. Edit. 2. p. 2^7. (h'^ David Buthanah'* Life of Knox. (0 Mel-
chior Adamusinvit. Theol. exter. pag. 137. Francfurti 1653.
The Life of the Author. id
another kind of Tbco/ogy.ciz. (a).That which was folid and fimplc. Hav-
ing thcic'orc laid aiide the Subtilitics of the Schools, he embraced that
SimpHcity which our Saviour and his holy Apoftles recommend to us,
and foon found that the nice Diftintftions of Scotiis were cppofite to
the i^enuine Do(5tnnc of the Law and the Gofpc] ; and that this verbofe
Sophiftrv was unworthy of a Chriftian.
U^biic he was entering iiponftich a Coitrfe of Study-, he zvas much
enlightncd bj the Preaching ofThon-\i\sG\n\\\am a 'Black Friar of found
judgment and hcalthfomc Dodfrine {b): Mr. Caldcrwood in his AfSS.
Hi ft. informs us. That this Thomas Guilliavi was born near Flflonford
in i'aft-Lothiaft, and was Provincial of the Order ot Black Friars in Scot- _
land, in the Year I5'43, when the Earl of y^/rraih^hen Governour of
Scotland^ fiivourcd the Reformation, and the Eftates of Parliament made
that famous Ad, allowing the reading of the Scripture in the vulgar
Tongue, {zubich yiSl is printed i««S'/r Ralph Sadjcr'j Letters and Nego-
tiations., Edinburgh 1720.) This Father GuiUiam and ^ohn Rough
(uho afterwards fuftered Death in j^;7^/^;zr/ for the Protcllant Caufe)
were pitched upon to be Preachers to the Governour: This la ft was
'Vehement and zealous.^ and the Provincial learned and found in his
Dodrine, of a good 1) iterance., but without great Vehemency againfi Su-
per ftition., as Mr. Knox obferoes in his Hifiory. And Mr. Calderwood
adds. That Friar GuiUiam was the firft from whom Mr. Knox receiv-
ed any Talfe of the Truth. Mr. George Wjfliart, fo much celebrated
in the Hijiory of this Time, came from England next Tear 1544, ^^^t^
the CommiOioncrs fcnt jrom King Henry VII I. and from him, iz>e are
told by Dr. M'Kcnzie, that Mr. Knox, being of an inquifitive Nature,
learned the Proteftant Principles, with which he was fo pieafed, that he
renounced the Romifj Religion, and became a zealous Protcffant; and
it is verj probable, that Mr. Knox received a great Confirmation of ^
the T roteft ant Trinciples from this eminent Pcrfon. ty affiduous reading. ^
the Scriptures and Writings of thefe ancient and famous DoSfors of
the Church, and alfo by familiar Converfation zvith Perfons who had
diligently Jiudied theToints in Controver/j., betwixt the Protefiants and
Papifts, Mr. Knox became fully fat is fed of the Truth of the Proteftant
JDoSrine., and of the JErrors of the Church of Rome, and joined him-
felf zvith the few Favourers of the Reformation in Scothnd, particularly
with Mr. Wiftiart, who was well known to, and much efteemed by fe-
veral Noblemen and Gentlemen, who then began to have Impnjfions of
the Tricth. The Cruelties exercifed by Cardinal Beaton upon that not-
able Perfon-, raifedfuch an Indignation in the Spirits of many Perfons
of Diftin&ion againft him, as haftened hts tragical End.Miny 25). i^/^6:
The Perfons concerned in the Cardinal's Death kept out the Caftle of
St. kxi^xcwi for fome time., and fever al Favourers of the 'Reformation^
who had no Acceffion to that AWion, were obliged, merely for their own
Scfetj, to betake them/elves to that Jirong Hold i among others John
Rouj^h bcjorementioned went to them, and became their Minifter, ( the
Earl of Arran the Governour, formerly his Tatron^ being now much
mifled by the Abbot of Paifley his natural Brother , and at kafl giving
(^ 2) IVaj,
(«).Melch. Ad. ubi fupra. C^) David Buchan. ubi fupr*
iv The Life of the A u T H o R.
Wqy to the Perfecution of the Proteftants ;) and when thofe in the
Ccijile had made an Jgreement with the Governor upon certain /Articles
recorded by our Hiftoriansy Mr. Rough preached in the Toivn of St,
Andrews tiWEiS^ier 1547-
Mr. Knox had fometime before this left St. Andrews, and zvns em-
ployed by the Lairds o/Ormiftoun and Langnidry, to inftriid: and take
the Charge of their Children : They were both Favourers of the Re-
forntation; Mr. Knoiis ordinary, Refidence was at Langnidry, where
he taught his Pupils the federal Parts of Learnings and was at much
Pains to infiill in them the Principles of true Religion and Piety j The
^ij/jop of St. Andrews (a) being informed hozv Mr. Knox tvas imployed,
did perfecute him with-fuch Se'verity, that he was frequently obliged to
abfcond and fly from Place to Place : Being wearied with fuch frequent
Dangers, he refbhed to retire to Germany, where the Reformation was
gaining Ground^ knowing that in England, tho" the Tope's y^uthority
was fuppreffed, yet the far greater Tart of his corrupt BoUlrine and
Superjiitions were in full Vigour : This T>efign of his was 'very uneafie
to the G^itlemen^ of whofe Children he had the Charge., zvho by their
Importunity prevailed with him to go to St. Andrews about Eafter 1547,
and for his own Safety and that of his Pupils to betake him/elf and
them to the Ca^le, where they might be fecure from the Efforts of the
Papifts-, and he be in a Condition with greater Jd-vantage to inftruB
thefe young Gentlemen : In Purfiiance of this Refohmon-t he went thi-
ther ivith Francis and George DouglafTes Sons to the Laird of Lang-
nidry, and Alexander Cockburn eldefl Son to the Laird of Ormiftoun,
{who fuffered fo much for entertaining Mr. George Wifliart in his
Houfe^ and was fo zialous when we joyned with £ueen Elizabeth to ex»
pel the 'French, anno 1559.) This Alexander Cockburn died very youngs
of exceeding great Accomplijhments and Hopes, much honoured ^Bu-
chanan, who wrote two noble Elogies upon his IJeath, one of which is
in the fecond Book of his Epigrams-, and the other in his Book ofMif-
cellanies.
At St. Andrews, Mr. Knox, as himfelf informs us (b), began fo in-
Jiru^ hisTupils after his acctiftomed Manner. Befides theirGrammar,
and other humane Authors, he read unto them a Catechilm, an account
whereof he caufcd them to give publickiy in the Parifli Church of St.
jfindrews ; he read moreover unto them the Gofpel of J^ohn, proceed-
ing where he left at his Departure from Langnidry, where before his
Refidence was, and that Ledure he read in the Chapel within the
Caftle at a certain Hour. They of the Place, but fpecially Mr. Hen-
ry Balnaveis, and ^ohn Rough Preacher, perceiving the Manner of his
Doflrine, began earneftly to travel with him, that he would take the
Preaching-place upon him, but he utterly refufed, alledging, that he
would not run where God had not called him, meaning that he would
do nothing without a lawful Vocation, whereupon they privily among
therafelves advifing, having with them in Counfel Sir 'David Lindfay of
the Mount, (Lyon King at Arms, a Perfon of great Probity and of a
good Meafure of Learning) they concluded, that they would give a
Charge
ia) Page 5). (i) Page itf?.
The Life of the Author.
Chars;e to the laid ^ohth and that publickly by the Mouth of the
Preacher. And fo upon a certain Day, a Sermon had of the Election
of Minilleri, what Power the Congregation (how Iniall foevcr it was,
piilfing the Number of two or three) had above any Man, in whom
they liippoied and elpied the Gifts of God to be, and how dangerous
it Wits to refule and not to hear the Voice of fuch as dcfire to be in-
ftructcd: Thcfe and other Heads (we fay) declared the faid ^ohn
Kcugb Preacher, directed by his Words to the faid j^ohn Knox., fay-
ing. Brother ye fiiall not be offended, albeit that I fpeak unto you, that
which I have in Charge, even from all thcfc that are here prefcnt, which
is this. In the Name of God, and of his Sonjefus Chrift, and in the
Name of thefe that prcfently call you by my Mouth, I charge you
that ye re.ufe not this holy Vocation ; but as ye tender the Glory of
God, the Increafe of Chrift's Kingdom, the Edification of your Brs-
thren, and the Comfort of me, whom ye anderfland well enough to be
opprcffed by the Multitude of Labours, that ye take upon you the
pubHck Office and Charge of Preaching, even as ye look to avoid God's
heavy Difpieafare, and dcfire that he Ihould multiply his Graces with
yon. And in the End he faid to thefe that were prefect, was not this
your Charge to me, and do ye not approve this Vocation. They an-
fvvercd it was, and we approve it. Whereat the faid Mr. ^ohn abaflied,
burft forth in moft abundant Tears, and withdrew himfelf to his Cham-
ber. His Countenance and Behaviour from that Day, till the Day he
was compelled to prefent himfelf to the publick Place of Preaching,
did fufficiently declare the Grief and Trouble of his Heart : For no
Man (aw any Sign of Mirth of him, neither yet had he Pleafure to ac-
company any Man many Days together.
Tkefe is another Reqfon given by Mr. Knox for the Neceffitj of
his preaching the Go/pel at this Time^ viz. 'John Annan Dean of St.
Andre-ms^ commonly called Dean John-, a rotten Papilt, (as Mr. Knox
calls him ) had long troubled yohn Rough in his preaching. Mr. Knox'
had fortified the Doftrine of the Preachei' by his Pen, and had beaten
the faid Dean John from all Defences, that he was compelled to fly to
his Idft RefugCj that is, to the Authority of the Church, which Authori-
ty, faid he, damned all Lutherans and Hereticks, and therefore he need-
ed no further Difputation. John Knox anfwered, Before we hold our
felves, or that ye can prove us fufficiently convict, we muft define that
Church by the right Notes given to us in Grod's Scriptures of the true
Church. We muft difcem the immaculate Spoufe of Jefus Chrif^ from
the Mother of Confufion, Spiritual Babjlon-, left that impudently we em-
brace a Harlot inflead of the chaft Spoufe j yea, to fpeak in plain Words,
Jeft that we iubmit our felves to Sathan, thinking that we fubmit our
felves toJefusCb rift: For as for your i?o«m» Church, as it is now corrupt-
ed, and the Authority thereof, wherein ftands the Hope of your Vidory,
I no more doubt, but that it is the Synagogue of Sathan, and the Head
thereof, called the Pope, to be that Man of Sin, of whom the Apoftle
fpeaketh, than that I doubt that Jefus Chrift futiered by the Procure-
ment of the Vifible Church oi Jerujakvi ; yea, I offer my felf by Word
or Writing to prove, the Roman Church this Day further degenerate
fcom the Purity, which was in the Days of the Apoftles, than was the
'■ ih) Church
vi The Life of the Author.
Church of the j^'-'^J"' ^^''O""' t'lc Ordinance given by Mofes^ when they
confented to the innocent Death of Joins Chrifl:.
Thefe Words were fpoken in open /Audience of the Parijli Church of St.
Andrews, after the /aid 'Dean ]ohn had fpoken zvhat it plenfed him-, and
had ref'fed to difpute. The People hearing the Offer cried with one Con-
fent.y 'jce cannot all read your Writings-, hut we may all hear your Preach-
ings :. Therefore zve require you in the Name of God, that you will let
■ ns ha've the Probation of that which you have affirmed ,- for if it he
true, we havcheen miferahly deceived. Andfo the next Sunday zvas ap-
pointed to the fnid John to exprefs his Mind in the publick preaching
place-, for zvhich Lay the f aid John took his Text Dan. vii. 2j, — 28.
from which Text he proved-, that the Pope was /intichriji, and that the
Do&rine of the Roman Church zvas contrary to the Dotirine of Chrift
and his Apofiles, gave the Notes hoth of the true Church and of the
jfntichriflian Churchy &c. of which he gives a full Account in his Hif-
tory., pag. 68. ,
Thii is the genuine ' Account of Mr. KnoxV Vocation to the Minifiry
of the Gofpef againfl zvhich nothing can juftly he obje£ied in theCircum-
ftances he and the Proteflants in Scotland were then in : Allfincere Lo-
vers of the reformed Caufe do ozvn his Ordination to he good and valid,
j^nd indeed it /would he to no Purpofe to enter into a Lifpute with fome
late High-Church- Men in England, who hy their Principles not only nul-
lify Mr. Knoxs Or Jination-,but that of all the Foreign Reformed Churches. ■
Their Opinions have been fufficiently refuted by very able Writers, neither
is it my prefent Bujinefs ary further to infift upon that Matter.
This bold and zealous Sermon of Mr- Knox made a great Noife, and
<very much vexed the PopiJJi Clergy. The Abbot of Paifley, bafe Brother
to the Earl of Arran Governoury being nominated to fucceed Cardinal
Beaton in the See of St. AndrewV, but not yet confecrated, thought him-
f elf obliged to be/iir himfelf., and zvrote to Mr. ]ohn Winram Subprior of
St. Andrew'i, who fade vacante was Vicar General, ^Dx^t he wondered
that he fuffered fuch Heretical and Schifmatical Dodlrine to be taught,
and not to oppone himfelf to the fame. This Rebuke obliged the Sub-
prior to call a Convention of Gray and Black Friers to meet in St. Leo-
nard's Tard, into zvhich- Meeting was John Rough /?;;/? called, and cer-
tain Articles read to him-, and thereafter John Knox was called for*
The Caufe of this Convention, and the Reafon why Mr. Rough and M^.
jinoyi were called before it-, were opened up, and fever al Articles were read
before them-, which are to be found in all the Fditiom o/" KnoxV Hifiery.
Jn this Ldit. from p. 7c. to 'j\. inclufive. After the reading of which
jArticles-y there was a Conference betwixt the Subprior and Mr. Knox,
and a Lifpute betwixt Friar Arbuckil and him upon fever al controvert-
ed Points betwixt Protejlants and Papifts, both zvhich are alfo to be
found in the Hiftory, ubi fupra. Popery fenfibly lofi Ground by the T)if-
pute-t zvhkh obliged the Supporters of it to fall upon another Method to
maintain its Reputation-, which was to oblige every learned Man in the
■Abbey and Univerfity-, to preach in the PariJJj Church by turns upon
the Lord's Lays ; they keeped themfelves in thefe Sermons abjirad from
the controverted Points, Mr. Knox in his Sermons which he preached upon
the Week Lays-, praifed God that Chrift jfefus was preached-, and no-
thing
The Life ot the Author. vii
thing /aid puhlickly agahifl the T)o8rine he had tava^ht them-, and pro-
tefted-, that if in his Jb/tiice thiy Jhouldjpeak any Thing, tohich in his
Prefevce they did mt, that his Hearers Jhould Ji'tfpend their Judgments-,
till it Jhould plciife God that thcj Jhould hear him again.
Mr. Knox isnsfofitccifjfut in his Work at St. Andrew's^ that all in
the Ca^le, and a great Number of the Tozvn, openly prof cjjcd the Pro-
tejiant DoUlrincy and teftified the fame by partaking of the Lord's Sup-
per, in the fame Manner it tvas adminijired in the Church 0/ Scotland,
after the trotjlant Religion zoas ejiablijhed bj Law, Anno 1560. /^nd
as jar as I hace yet been able to inform myfelf, this zeas the frft I'ime
.that this Ordinance was difptnftd in Scotland in the 'jcay of the Reform^
ed Churches, viz. Anno 1547.
Mr. Knox continued thus diligent in his Miwflerial JVork at St. An-
drews, till the Month of July 15471 that the Cqfile tvas furrendered to
the French, upon 2\rms that all in the Garrifon JJjould be fafe carried
to France both Scots and Englifli; and in cafe they zvere notfatisfed with
their Liberty and Jlrms in France, thcyJJjould be conveyed-, upon the
JE'xpcnce of the King of F\ance,zvherecer thtj' pleafed,Scotlar\d excepted.
Mr. Knox zvith the reft was carried to France, and continued there fome
fljort Time, for in gf. Page of this Edition of his Hifiory, ive are told,
that he zvas deli-vered that fame Winter, and came over to England,
where he met zvith /eceralof his Pelloza Pri/oners, who by /various Me-
thods made their Efcape out of France. We are told in that fame place.,
that Mr. Knox was frft appointed Treacher to Berwick, then to New-
caftle, lafl he was called to Lendon, and to the South Parts of England,
where he remained to the Death of King Edward the Sixth. Do&or
Mackenzie fl^^j-,, that he became fo famous, that he had the Honour of
preaching feveral. Times before that Prince.
The Englifh Writers have tranfmittedfome TaJJages concerning Mr.
Knox while he was in England, cety much worth our Notice, fince they
have efcaped the Writers of his Life hitherto. Mr. Strype in his Me-
morials, Vol. 2. p. 2 35'. informs us. That Mr. Knox was fent to. Ber-
wick either by Archbifhop Cranmer, or the Duke of Somerfet, which
was very probably foon after his Return from France. Thefc two Great
Men being very zealous for promoting the Reformation, and being well
injormed of Mr. Knox'/ Jatvity and Diligence in that fame Caujejent
him to the Northern Counties where Preachers were extreamly Jcarce,
and Topery was much prevailing. For as the fame Mr. Strype and 0-
ther Writers tell ui, even in King Edward'j Time, the Tapifts were ex-
treamly bify to preferve their Interefts in England ; and many of the
Treacher s, and not a few Bi/hops in their Hearts favoured Popery \ yea^
fome of the moft zealous and popular Preachers went up and down
preaching againfi King EdwardV Reformation, and for the old Religi-
on, as they called it. This produced an Order oi Council, difcharing all
preaching, except by thefe who took Licence from the King ; And leve-
ral of the Bijhops themjelves took out Licences for preaching. The
Weight of providing Preachers, who were not leavened with Popery, lay
upon Axchbifl^op Cranmer, and by him or my Lord ProteUfor Somerfet,
was Mr' Knox authorized to preach in the Korth ^England,
(b) 2 In
viii The Life of the Author.
In the Tear 15:50, {as the Reverend and Diligent Mr. Wodrow in-
forms-, me from a Maniifcript in his Hand) Mr. Knox was called before
Cathbcrt Tonftal Bijhop (j/* Darham, and challenged jor his preaching
againji the Mafst and declaring it to he Idolatry. Being apprized of his
Appearance^ he prepared a ConfeJJion of his Faith upon the Head of the
Mafs-, wherein he advanced fever al "Weighty Arguments-, to prove it to he
direct Idolatry, This he delivered hefore the BiJJjop and his Dolors,
which (as the faid Manufcript hears) quite filenced them. This Pajfage
of Mr. Knox' J Life has been knozvn to Mclchior Adam us, who gives
this' Account of it in the S^nd of his Life of Kno^. Fuit vir non mino-
ris cruditionis, quam virtutis, et elogiorum Dei preco conftans atqae for-
tis, per oninem vitam. Specimen ejus illuftredepofoit turn alias, tum An-
no millefimo quingentefimo quinquagefimo in terra Dunelmenji : quan-
do coadus Coram Epifcopo Zb/?/?^//^, et ejus Doftoribus fupcr miflapon-
tifica opinionem fuam exponererpro concione illiusidolloatriaset horren-
das blafphemias tarn folidis argumentis demonftravit, ut adverfarii quod
vere oponerent non haberent.
In that fame Manufcript Mr. Knox gives his judgment of the Lord's
Sttpper^ under this Title. " Here is briefly declared in afum according to
" the Scripture^ what Opinion we Chriftians have of the Lords Supper.,
" called the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of our Saviour yef us Chrifi.
The above-named Reverend Mr. Wodrow in his large ColkSfions con-
cerning Mr. Knoxj has inferted that Manufcript by way of Appendix.,
which I hope in due Time he will communicate to the World, together
with his other curious Colk&ions (/Scots Biography.
We are further informed by the laborious and faithful Mr. Strype,
that in the Tear i^S'i, Mr. Knox was appointed one of King Edward the
yl'j-. Chaplains. Mr. Strype expreffes the Matter thus. In the Month of
December 1551, it was thought fit the King Ihould retain fix Chaplains
in Ordinary, who fliouJd not only wait on him, but be Itineraries^ and
preach the Gofpel all the Nation over; two of thefe fix to be ever pre-
fent at Court, and four abfent abroad in preaching one Year; two in
Wales., two in Lancashire and 'Darhy^ next Year, two in the Marches
of Scotland.) and two in Torkfljire-, the third Year two in Devonjhiret
two in Hampjhire, the fourth Year two in Norfolk and EJfex-, and two
in Kent and Sujffex ; and thefe Six to be Bilk Harley, Pern-, Grindaly
Bradford-, the Sixth was daflied out of the King's Journal (whence Mr.
Mr. Strype takes all this) but probably -was Knox, for he was one of the
Preachers of the North set Newcafile., and elfewhere, and had a Sallary
paid him out of the Exchequer. But the Number was reduced to Four,
Bradford alfo being left out, who were ftiled the King's ordinary Chap-
lains. Mr. Strype further informs us. That Mr. Knox had an Annuity
of 40/ for his good Service in preaching in the North, till he Ihould
have fome Place in the Church conferred upon hiro. It was out
of Refpeift to him I fuppofe, that one William Knox his Brother or Re-
lation, had in September 1552, a PalTport granted to him to bring in or
carry out of any Haven in England, all fuch Merchandizes as were per-
mitted by Law, to endure for one whole Year, and to make the feid
Traffick in any Ship of the Burden of an Hundred Tun.
From
— ■ ' - ' ' ■ ■ ^- ri ^ . _ . •
The Life of the Author. ix
Fromfotne of Mr. Knox's Original Letter /in the Hands of the Reve-
rend Mr. Wodrow it appears^ that he enjoyed that Annuity o/ 40 1. ////
the beginning of ^tieen MaryV Reign. In a Letter to Mrs. Bows his Mo-
ther in Lav}, dated 1553, he tells her ^ That he was obliged to abfcond
by Rcafon ot the Fury of the Papifts. In this Letter is this PaJJaee^
I will not make you privy how' rich I am, but oft London I departed
. wi thiels Money then Ten GJoats; but God hath fince provided, and will'
'I doubt not, aboundantly for this Life : Either the Qiieen's Majefiy or
fome Treafurer will be 40/. richer by me, for fo meickle lack I of
Duty of my Patent ; but that little troubles me.
In the Tear 1552, Mr. Knox fell into trouble, upon the Account of a
hold Sermon he preached at Ncwcaftle upon Tvne ttpon Chriftmas Day^
againji the Obflinacy of the Papijis. In which Sermon^ as we are told by
Mr. Strype, he affirmed. That whofever iu his Heart was an Enemy to
Chrift's Dodrine and GofpeJ, which was then preached within the Realm,
was Enemy alfo to God, and fecret Traitor to the Crown and Common-
wealth of England, and that as fuch thirfted after nothing more than the
King's Death, which their Iniquities would procure. He laid, they re-
garded not who ihould Reign over them, fo that their Idolatry mi^ht be
erccied again. This (fays Mr. Strype) provocked may of his Auditors
extreamly, in fo much that they began to raife Trouble againft him, and
accufed him to the Alagiftrates j as appears in his Admonition to the
Paftors of God's Truth in England, printed 1554, where he fays, how,
thefe my Words at that Time pleafed Men, the Crimes and A(aions in-
tended gainft me did declare. But then Queen M/ry being on the Th^pne,
.and married to King Philip of Spain, he appealed to thofe Expreffions
of his, reckoning it as a Thing commonly owned at that Time, that th©
People had made a very bad Choice, when they todi for the Queen «
5/7j«/^ Husband to Rule over them. Let my very Enemies now fay in
their Confciences, if thefe my Words are not proved true.
In a Letter of his to his Slfier-, dated December 22. 1^53, and iii
another, March 23. 1551, he gi'ves fome Account of this Matter. In
the laft, he fays, Hainoufe were the Delations made againft me, and
many are the Lies made to the Council ; but God one Day fiiall de-
ftroy all lying Tongues, and Dial] deliver his Servants from Calamity.
This Aflanlt of Satan hath been to his Confufion, and to the Glory of
God ; and therefore. Sifter, ceafe not to praife God, and to call for my
Comfort J for great is the Multitude of Enemies, iSc.
Mr. Su^^Q gives this farther Account of Mr. Knox next Tear 15^5;
Mr. Knox {fays he) it feems upon the Difpleafure taken againft him
at Newcafile, foon after returned to London, and being in good Repu-
tation with the King, and fome of the Council, for his zealous Preach-
ing againft the Errors of Rome, and the Vices of the Time, he was ap-
pointed to preach before the King and his Council at Weftniinfler, a lit-
tle before his Majefty departed thence ; and his Sermon being the laft
he preached before his Majefty, he fuited it to the Court, as it now
ftood, wherein the main governing Men, who carried all the Stroak;
were meer Temporizers, and fccretly Welwiftiers to the old Religion,
and (hewing little Zeal to the prefent Eftablifhment of the Church, any
farther than the NationaJ Laws abfolutely required,- and fo they out-
if). - - _ wardly
5£ : The Life of the Author.
wardly cotnply'd» but craftily concealed their inward Judgrri'eHt'S for the
,apcpippli(hing their wprJdly Ends and Interefts. There were two efpeci*-
[&]\y ruled all in theppurf, the Duke oi Nortlmuiherldtid-^ by ftout Coif>-
jfage and.Prpudnefii oj^ Stomach, /and the Marquk of IVinchefter the
Treafarep by pounlel ^nd Wit ; Tlhr? was well enough obferved by the
good ^rtj afi'i bpldiC/zpA?, being-now to preach '^t Court, wasrefolved
t(i fpeak hi§f Mind,- and reprove theni, even to their Faces,- and for
that Pui3)ore;: took hi»Text ia PjJiUttS x\u c^. He that eateth IBread
^pih mCi hath lift up hii Heelagainjime: This- Sermon he fpokc
of afterwards in his faithful Admonition^ where hie was mentioni-ng how
T^he, l^apifts with their ,C.raft wrought all the Mricbief in King Edzvard's
Reign, being.fucha? bora Authority and Rule." Andwho^ I^pray (faid
%e) ruled the Roft in tkje:Court Jill .this Time,' by= ftout Courage and
fprpudnefs of Stpma.ch, biit Nbrthumherland ?v And who I pray you ruled
^^J "by ^CqwfeJ and^Wit ?: .[Shall I name the Man? { will write no mor6
Iplainly .npW»; than, itiy Tongue fpdke the lall Sermon that it pleafddGod
-^hat I flipujdiniake,, before that innocent ahd mbft godly Krng'£'d.ward
JVl. ap4 l?&{PKe the Qonnciy sitjf^e ftminj^r, and even to the Faces of
;^ch; :.uY't3;.l:a.l-.ij.iM/5fi; ^i: rrr;orb -■n . c ;•':;. i:,b. •
^.,,^y OcQ^fipO of the f(?refaid TeictjA'lie inadelhls Affirmation; That
j^p^nr^ only 'tis fepn that the mcrftgipdly Princes had Officers aftd chief
JCpu9fc|lQi;5,!<9^pft('uagiodiy conjuredr {Enemies to- God's true Religion,
^^d T^ajt^ilstP/tliieir Princes, and that their Wkkednefs and Ungodli-
%pt$ ^R;;asJpeedily perceived and dpied out of the feld Princes and godly
Men, but}.|pj>a;'|^i^^the ccafty Coburs could fo cloak their Malice
■j^gainft Gp4;^4^^is 'TfUtb, and their hollow Hearts towards their lov-
jng:M4ftRriSi'l'^*^'^y- worldly. Wifdom and Pohcy, at length they ar
/ait\ed to^ t^gh 'Prjjoijotions. And for Proof of this his Affirmation, h6
jceQ\tedi,'^q}iiS,9i\e^<ii j^cbitophel^ and Shebna and Judas, of whom
the two formernhpd.highj Offices and Promotions, with high Authori-
ty tindep the moft godly. Princes Z)Avi J and Hezekias, and Judas was
^urifem^ftei; \^''ith Jqfus Chrift. And when, he had made fome Difconrie
jpt that Ivif^tter, he, moved this Queftion, why fo godly Princes- perm it-
jt^jij^ch wiQ^ediMen^to be on their Council, and to bear fuch Au-
thpf^iy 9i>i^?j^, them $ To which bcAufwered, That either they fo a-
'jppi^ndejd, wJ!:h (Worldly iWifdom,Foreiight and Experience, touching the
^pv.ernrnejiti;pf ,a Cbmmon-wealth, that their Counfel appeared to be
To neceltary, that the , Common-wealth could not lake them j and fo by
th^,Colp«jr ^tp pr^ferve the Tranquilhty and Peace of the Realm, they
]\y;^re maintained' in Authority : Or eife they kept their Malice which
j^jiey ,b^re to f^heir Matters and God's true ReHgion fo feeret in their
J^reafls, that no Man cQuld efpie it, till by God's Permiffion theywait-
jad fprfudi Qccafion and Opportunity, that they uttered their Mifchief
ib plainly,, tj^at £\11 the World might perceive it. And it was moft cvt-
,4^nt by J(chitQphel and Shebna, for of Jchitophel it is written,! iC/w^J
^y. i6. That he was 'Da'vid's moft feeret Counfellor, and that becaufe
^jiis.Cpunfpl in t^ofe.Days was like the Oracle of God, and Shebna,
ipfaia. xxiii. 36,, was unto good King J^zekias fometime Comptroller,
^iometime Secretary, and laft of all Trcafurer. To the which Offices
\q had never been promoted uader fo godly &, Prince, if the Treafon
X
v.... ,. . and
The Life of the Aii r h o r. I xi
and Malice which hejUorc agairrft the King and againft Gcxi^s true Re-
ligion had been manifeftJy known. -No, laid he, Shcbiia was a crafty '
Fox, and.dould Ihew fuch a fair Coiimenance tbthe King, that neither ^'
he nor iiis Council conld efpy. his malicious Xreafon, but the PropheCt
£Jaias. was commanded of God. to go to his Prclence, and to declare^
hi? traiterous Heart and miferaUe End. ' : . .•..
Were Ijavid (faid Mr. Knox) and £zekias^Wikccs of great and go^ '
ly Gifti and Experience, abufed by crafty Ccnnfcllors, and-diflcmbling
Hypocrites, what wonder is it that a young and innocent King be de-
ceived by crafty, covetous, wicked, and ungodly CounfeilorS, and dif-
fcmbling Hypocrites. I am greatly afraid that -^chitophel be Counfel-
Jor» that Judas bear the Purfe, and that Shebm bo Scribe,- Gomptrol- r
ler and Treafurcr. — This he faid, and fom6what more Ke fp&ke that^
Day, not in a Corner) bat even before thofe,- whom his Gonfcienc«Vi
judged worthy ot Accnfation. In his Admonition, he faid, ^that fince'
that. Time they had declared themidves more- man ifcftly, namely un-
der this Queen. He affirmed, that under that innocent King, peffildRfr >
Papifts hod greatcft Authority : Oh who waJ Judged io be thfe Soul '^
and;L<i{d-of the Council in every Matter of mighty Importance! Whoi^
but Shehnal Who was. mofl ready and frank to (deftroy Somtrfety aUd'-'
fet op Northtimbedandi Was jt .not Shebjt/t. I Who was-moftijold td^i-
cry, Baftard, B-^ftard, incefluous Bafiard, Maty fliall never reign over-
OS ? .ABiJ^Avho I pray you was mofl bafy to fay^'^ Feafnot t6 ftiftferibe
with myTvOrds of his Privy-council, .igree.tov,ljis,(43i^d6's> Lafl-willi'"-
and pcrfedt Teftament, and never let .that o^jftinate" Woman ' come- to' ■
Authority, flie is an errant Papiff', {he will fobv^rt the true Rdigienf '^
and bring in Stranger^ to the Deftradion of -the Gohlthen-wealtiy?''^
AVhicW of the Council, I fay, "had tKefe or gtfeater Porfwa/iIriS dgainft ''-
Mar}'y to whom now :hc crouchetb and kneeloth ? Shebmi' th^ Ties.'' ^
furer : And what intended fuch traiterous and diifemblmg kypQctftes-''i
byall thefe find fuch like crafty Sfightsi and- counterfeit Conveyance?
Dpubtlefs the Overthrow of Chrift's true Keligion, which then began' ^
to flourifli in I^ngland. Thws Mr. Knox wrote concerning his Sermon. -
But notwithltanding the piercing Glances of !« upon fomp of tlic^ ■
great Men^ it was as near as I cap gocfs at tWs Timej-Tthat-tl^e CoiiiW
cil fent to the Archbifhop oi.Canterhuyy to b'eftoW the Living of .^-
IlaUozDs^Tpon Mr. Knox-: But when it was offered to him, he refufef!'
it, not caring to be bound to ufe all. King .^^^^rd's' Book: And SMt--
fon, artd afterwards Sarjcrs (the Marry t) wdre collated to the faid''
Parifh. . . V i . .>. .., ,;j ■
/fpril 14.; T^5;^ KilOX^^i^s called before the Council, who'^deman^*'
edofhim three Qiicftions, Why he refufed the Benefice provided foi:
him in London? To which he aflfwered, That his Confcience 6vA
witnefs that he might profit more in fome other Place than in Lon-
rfo«, and therefore had no Pleafure to accept any Office there-; but he
might have anfwercd, that he refufed it, hccm<k o\ Northvtnberlandi's
contrary Command, who perhaps dcfigned it for him that fucceeded to
It, namely Sam/on. sV///,. Whether he thought that noChriftian might
ferve m the Ecclcfiallical Minifttation, according to the Rites andLawg
ot tlic Realm of England? To which he faid, That many Things at
(0 2 that
.c
xii The Life of the Author.
that Time were worthy of Reformation in the Minifters of Englandy
without the Reformation whereof no Minifter did or could difcharge
his Confcience before God, for no Minifters in England had Authority
to feparate the Lepers from the heal (;. e. the whole and found, j^jj
J^r. Strype, that is, they had not the full Power of Excommunication)
which was, he faid, a chief Point of his Office, ^dly. They asked
liifti if kneeling at the Lord's Table was not indifferent? He anfwered,
That Chrill's A<^ion was moft perfect, and it was done without kneel-
ing, and that it was moft fure to follow his Example, and that kneel-
ing was Mans Addition and Invention. About this Quefiion there was
great Contention between the Lords of Council and him. There were
then prel'entthe Archbilhop oiCanterhiry Craitmer, the Bilhop of ^/y,
Godrich Lord Chancellor, Lord Treafurer, the Earl oiBedford-,North'
ampPoUi Shrewsbury^ the Lord Chamberlain, and both the Secretaries.
After long Reafoning it was laid to him, he was not called of any ill
Meaning, and that they were forry to know him of a contrary Mind
to the common Order. He anfwered, he was forry the common Order
was contrary to Chrift's Inftitution. He was difmiffed with fome gentle
Speeches, and they willed him to advife with himfelf, whether he
would communicate according to that Order. AU this ahovenarrated,
2dr, $trype ulls us, is. coUeSied from a Letter of Mr. KnoxV own
tvriting.
Mr. C^lderwood in his MSS. Hijiory takes notice oj this Letter of
^Mr. Knox» and adds^ after the £nd of the Anfwer to the fecond £uery^
as Mr. Strype has given it, that Mr. Knox had thefe Jf^ords, Yet I
do not refufe fuch an Office, as may appear to promove God's Glory
in Utterance of Chrift's Gofpel in a mean Degree, where I might edi-
fie jnore by Preajfehing of the true Word, than hinder by the Sufferance
of manifeil Iniquity, feeing that Reformation of Manners does aot ap-;
pertain to all Minifters.
From Mr. Strype voe have this further Account of Mr. Knox. Now,
fays he, Mr. Knox feems to have gone to the Parts of Buckingham
Shire, and that in his Itinerary Coarfe of preaching in fome places of
his Circuit, and particularly at Ammerfljam, he took a liking, partly
. from theirForwardnefs to hearhim, and partly for their Civilities towards
him. In thele therefore, and fuch like Places, he would tarry fomc-
what longer than in others, where he could not find fo much Delight;
and there and elfewhere, fometime allow himfelf Recreation. But this
was afterwards a Trouble to him, as reckoning, himfelf to have been
guilty of too much Indulgence to himfelf, and too little Regard to the
need that other People flood in, of having the Gofpel preached to them,
and he blamed himfelf faithful Admonition, that he had not been an
indifferent Feeder, as was required of Chrift*s Stewards. For in preach-
ing of Chrift's Gofpel, albeit mine Eye, as God knoweth, was not much
on worldly Promotion ; yet the Love of Friends and carnal Affedtion of
fome Men, with whom I was moft Familiar, allowed me to make more
Refidence in one Place, than another, having more refpeft tothe Plea-
sure of a few, ihan the Necelfity of many. That Day I thought I had
not finned, if I had not been idle; but this Day I know it was my Duty,
to have had Confidera(ion,how long I had remaiged in one Place, and hovr
many
•«-; — •-
The Life of the Author. xiii
many hungry Souls n'crc in other Places, to whom, aks, none took
pains t0 break and titftributc thc"nrcad of Life. Moreover, remaining
111 one Place, I was not fo diligent as mine ©iHcc requiicd, but fomc-
timcs by Counfcl of my carnal Friends, I fpared my Kody, fometimc
I fpent ill worldly Bufincis of particular Friends, and loinctimcin tPkiiT'
ilecrcation and Paltinic, by Excrcilb of my Body. This Mr. iitrype
lets dotun, that zve may fee {Jap be) one of the Kings Itineraries in his
OifiCc.
Melchior Adamus /;; his Life of Mr. Knox, informs us. That in King
Juiv:ard\Vs. Kcign, Mr. Knox had the Oftcr of a Biflioprick made to
him, and that he rcfiifed it. Ifjall infert that Author s own Wordst
Impcrabat iljis temporibus Anglic Edvmrdus VL qui Cnoxum obfcrva-
bat, ac qua crat pietarc, favorc lingular i cum profcquebatur, itaquecum
Flpifcopatus de Kegis volnntatc Cnoxo ellet oblatus, indignabundus
Cnoxus, non folum honorcm rccuflivit, fed etiam orationc gravi titulos
iiios improbavit, quafkRegni Antichriiliani quiddam redolentcs.
Mr. Calderwood in h:s Hijiory, pag. 55-. girjQs us a PaJJage, which
feems to confirm this Account of Adamus. Mr. Knox being then refi-
ticnt in St. Jndrezvs^ and preaching upon the Lord's Day, the loth of
February 1572, the Earl oiMar being prefent, rcfufed to inaugurate the
Btihop ; yea, in open Audience of many than prefent, he denounced
Anathema to the Giver, and Anathema to the Kcceiver, as I find in a
certain Manufcript. And in the 5-6. pag. Mr. Calderwood further in-
forms us., That when Mr. John Rutherford Provoft of the old College
alledged Mr. Knox his repining proceeded from Male-contentment : Mr.
K,:ox purged himlelf the next Lord's Day, faying, I have rcfufed a great-
'ter Bifhoprirk than ever it was, which I might have had with the Fa-
vour of greater Men than he hath his, I did and do repine for the Dif-
cbarge of my Confcicnce.
Mr. Petric in his Hijiory ^ Part 3d. pag. 375". ghes us the fame Ac-
edunty with this Addition^ that Mr. Knox/^;'/, I did and do repine for
Difcharge of my Confcience, that thcChiiicb of Scotlandhe not lubjcdi
to that Older. And for this he cites the HiftoriCal Narration, whtchis
commonly reckoned to be compofed by Mr. William Scot Miniver at Con-
pcr in Fife. This is all, I have found concerning the Offer of a Bijhof';,
rick made to Mr. Knox, and his Refufal of it.
This Tear 1553, July 6th. that incomparable Prince King Edward
VI. died, to the irreparable Lojs of the reformed Intereft. He was fuc-
ceeded bj his Sifter £ueen Mary: Por the faint Struggle that was made
by fome for Lady ]ean Gray continued only a few Weeks. £u€en Mary
fvas acknowledged by the far greater Part of the Protefiants in England,
who fnoji ingratefully and barbaroufly requitted them-, after her Acceffion
to the Crown ; Some few of the Protefiants appeared for Lady jean Gray,
and Mr. Goodman^ with Jotne others, declared againjl the Lawfulnefs of
the Government oflVomen ; an Opinion not peculiar to them-, but adopted
by federal learned Men, and maintained by the whole Kingdom of
France. The Protefiants in England, whozvere of this Opinion, ore ac-
counted Mr. Knox'j Difcipks, whole Conceit {fays Mr. Strype) in this
Matter chiefly Jprung from the Fears they apprehended of the Lady
MarvV Go'iiernment, and her marrying a Foreigner*
i.d) Thi
xiv The Life of the Author.
The Protefiant Preachers were ajjiduous at this Time in exhorting ■
the Teople to Stedfaftnefs in the Reformed Religion^ and prejjed them not
to comply with Popery^ now ready to break in upon them -, which if they
did, they ajjiired them, utter Bejirudfion was at Hand : Rut if they
continued firm in the Faithy that there would be a Door opened for their
deliverance, after fomeforrowful Days.
Mr. Strype informs usx That about this Time Mr. Knox preached
at Ammerftiam in Buckinhamfliire, before a great Jffejnbly, where,
with forrowful Heart and weeping Eyei, he, among other Things,
addreffed the People thus, as he himfelf repeats it, (Faithful Admoniti-
on) O England, God's Wrath is kindled againft thee. Now hath he
bc^un to punifii, as he hath threatned a long Time by his Prophets
and Meffengers; he fiath taken from thee the Crown of thy Glory,
and hath left thee as a Body without the Head ; and this appearetb
only to be the Beginning of Sorrows, which appear to encreafe j for
I perceive the Heart, the Tongue, and Hand of an Englifh Man is
bent upon another, and Divifion to be in the whole Realm, which is
an afliired Sign of Defolation to come. O England, England, doft
thou not confider that thy Common-wealth is like a Ship failing on
the Sea, if thy Mariners and Governours fhall one confume another,
(halt not thou fuffer Shipwrack in fliort Procefs of Time ? O Eng'
land, England^ alas! thefe Plagues are poured upon thee, becaufe thou
wouldft not know thy moft happy Time of thy mofl gentle Vifitati-
on : But wilt thou yet obey the Voice of thy God, and fubmit thy-
felf to his holy Word? Truly if thou wilt, thou fhalt find Mercy yet
in his Sight, and the State of thy Common-wealth (hall be preferved*
But, O England, England, if thou wilt obflinately return into Egypt i
that is, if thou contrail Marriage, Confederacy, or League with fuch
Princes as do maintain or advance Idolatry, fuch as the Emperor,'
which is no lef§ Enemy to Chrift than ever was Kero; if for the
Pleafure and Friendfliip of fuch Princes, I fay, thou return to thine
old Abominations before ufed under Papiftry, then alfuredly O Eng-
land, thou flialt be plagued, and brought to Defolation, by the Means
of thofe whofe Favours thou feekefl, and by whom thou art procur-
ed to fall from Chrifl, and to ferve Antichrift.
The laborious Mr. Strype has furnijhed us alfo with a Chara&er
of Mr. Knox, from that eminent Divine, and conjlant Martyr, 'Bifhop
Ridley. That worthy Perfon, in his Lamentation for the Change of
Religion on £}ieen Mary's Acceffion to the Crown, thus exprejjes him'
felf concerning Latimer, Bradford, Knox and Lever, four eminent
Treachers in King Edward'/ Time. They ripped fo deeply in the
galled Backs of the great Men of the Court, to have purged them of
the filthy Matter that was feftered in their Hearts, of infatiable Co-
vetoufnefs, filthy Carnality and Voluptuoufnels, intolerable Ambition
and Pride, and ungodly Loathfomenefs to hear poor Mens Cau-
fes, and God*s Word, that of all others they could never abide them.'
Mr. Knox continued in England imtil February 1551,- for in a Com-
mentary of Mr. KnoxV Manufcript {in the Hands of the Reverend
Mr. Wodrow) upon the fixth Pfalm, dire5ied to his Mother in JLavJ
Mrs. Bows, he figns it thus. Upon the very Point of my Journey,
the
The Life of the Author. 5iV
the hii o'i January iSSl Watch nnd proy. IcurScn U'iiF forrcwful
Heart, y. K Jnctlcr Tafir rf A'r. Kr.rxV, cJJo in A.r. U'odrowV
J/andjy beers this Title, Jilu Kncx to the Faithtul in London.,
X^t^Jicaftle ord ieruick^ &c. Whiih Ldiir itids ihtis, Funi en fair
tici'blit Haiit, lyvvn n.y Dcjairturc ficni Znp 155,', qthidder God
linawis. ^cln Kncx.
Front. Deip Mr. Kncx tccnt to Geneva, and continued fcwe iTime
tt'tre^ giitng liti./elj to Readirg, Meditation end Trojer. Wc (l:aU
tCile tit j'jciottnt of his ctniitig to Geneva, and rcmciwg from thence
to Frcnktort, Jnm the Jaijlay., ?rg(? Sj. When he left England,
then l.e pffled to Genua, and there remained at his private btrdy,
till that he was called by the Ccngiegatirn that was then eflabliflKcl
at Irani fcrt, to be Preacher to them: Which Vccaticn he obeyed
(albeit iir\\i]lir^Iy) at the Ccirmandment of that rotable Servant of
Gcd ^cln Cakin. At Frankfort he remaired, till that feme of the
L rained, (vkhe-fe hstmcs we fnpprefs) more given to unprcfitable Ce-
re mcnies ihrn to Sincerity of Heligicn, began to quarrel with the faid
^(hn; ard becaufe they defpaircd to prevail beiorc the Magiftrate
there, fcr the eflibJ Uirg cf their Coriopticnsjthey accufed him ot Trea-
Irn cenmittcd agairft the Im.peror, and againft their Sovereign
Queen Maiy; that in his Ac'mcnition to England he called the cnc
httle inierior to Af;o, and the other more ciiiel than jlejalcl. The
JVlagiflrate pcrctJving their Malice, and fearing that the faid jfohn
(hotld tall in the Ht.rds of his Accufators, by ere Means or other gave
Advertifimcnt fccietly to him to depart their Cityj for they could
not fave him, it h© were required by the In feicr, or by the QLeen of
Fng]and in the Fmperor's Kfmej and fo the faid fohn returned to
Ceniza, trcm thence to T>eip, and thereafter to Sect/and.
It uill he proper to gife an j^cccunt of the Trouble that happened
to Mr. Kncx Vihtle he teas at Frankfort, morefuUj than is aboie nor-
rat id, becatje it is one of the Periods of his Life tihich has made a
lery gnat Noife i end that he has been eery much blamed bj! feme
Writers ipon the Jccctnt tj his Condt£l in this Matter. I Jl.all take
J or n.y Toucher in the j^cccunt J am to give, a Treatife intitled, A
briet Dilccurfe of the Troubles begun at Fratihfcrt in Germanj/ i554»
tihich L^fcouife teas printed 1575.- y^ndjtcm this Paper tee mil
fee that the Matter jiands thus^ tehich I chife rather to deliter in
the Words cf the judicious Mr. Peircc, in /'/jVirdicaticn of theDifien-
ters, cd. 2. p. 35, Cjc. than in mjr ctin. When the mcft grievcus
Pcrfecmion raged in Fngland in the Reign of Queen Mary, agairfl
the Prottftants, many ct them faved themfelves by flying abrcfd, and
ccming into various Piotcflant Countries, they were every where kind-
ly received of their Brethren; but in no Place were they more hap-
pily fettled than ai Ficnlfcrt. The Senate gave them f. Church, but
upon Ccrditicn thej fliould not vary trcm ih^ French Church, either
in Rites cr in Dextrine, that fo no Oflence might be taken: tiere-
npon, actcieJirg to the Ccrditicns of the Grcnt, they drew up d
new Liturgy, more agrecaWe to thofe of the foreign Churches, leaving
out all the triflirg Ceitmcnies that were in that of F^nglcrtd: They
<:hoofe IAt. ^ohn Kncx for their Paflor, who was an eminent Diviiic^ fid,
~ ' id) i ^" ^- -- -- ^^
xvi Ihe Life of the Author.
as we have fccn before, had been Ch:lplain to King Edv^ard^ and in
goodEllcem in the Court for hisGir'r o^ preaching, and was fent onto
the North as the King's Preacher, to fpread the Gofpcl among them.
He had rcfnfcd to accept of a BUhoprick otibrcd him,- and Bifliop E./^-
ley conid not but commend him as a M^n of much good Learning,
at tke iamc Time he was blaming him for finding fo much Faulc i^%
he did at Frankfort with the EngUjl< Liturgy \: The Englifi Con-
gre^tion being thus fettled with a Paftor and a Liturgy, lived very
quietly and happily, inviting their Brethren to come and partake ot
tiieirHappinef : Bat Dodor Richctrd Co:x:, who fled with fome others
out of Anglandi loon broke in upon their happy Settlement; for
cjaickly after he came to Frankfort^ he wickedly overthrew all the
good Order they had fettled among them : Not content with the kind
JZntertaimnent he met with as a Gucft, and a Brother, come to fo-
journ wiUi them, he fet up himfclf to rule them in an ambitious and
tyrannical Manner; infilling upon it, thdt tlicir whole Service muft be
ordered according to the EnglijJ.i Liturgy. One, if not the chief Kea-
foii of his fo great Fondnefs for it, was, that he had himfelf had a
Hand in compof ng it : But when the Man's fntereft was fmal], and he
defpaired of carrying his Point by the Votes of the Congregation, be-
caufe hisPropofal was'difagrecable to the greater Part of them, as well
.as contrary to the Conditions upon which the Magiftrates had granted
them a Church;' he attempted the compaffing his Dcfigns by the bafeffc
Fraud and Treachery; and firfl; he and his Faftion anfwered aloud af*
tcr the Minifter, contrary to the Church's Determination. 'Tis to be
^obferved, that whereas in the Englifli Liturgy the Minifler and the
People divide the Prayers betwixt them, the one faying one Part, and
the other the other, the EngliJJj Exiles had laid afide this Ufage in
. their Liturgy, in Conformity to the D'vnch Church, wherein the Mi-
niftcr's Voice only is heard in uttering the Prayers. When Doftor Cox
was adraoniflied of thi<; by the Elders of the Congregation, he, with
. the rel^ that came with him, made Anfwer^ That they would do as they
had done in England, and that they would have the Face of an Eng"
iifl} Church. The iiunday following one of his Company got up fud-
denly into the Pu!pit, read the Litany, and Doftor Cox and his Com-
pany anfwered aloud. Knox, as became a faithful Paftor, feverely re-
proved thefc Diforders in his Sermon in the Afternoon. After much
Contention the Senate of Frankfort interpofed their Authority, and
Ivlr. yohn Glaiihcrg, by whofc Favour and Affiftance efpecially, the
EngUJJo Exiles had obtained fuch Privileges, declared he would ihut
up the Cliurch, unlefs the retornied Order of thfc Congregation was
obferved. Dodor Cox being thus difappointed, has Recourfe to ano-
ther Sort of Treachery, and, joining with the y^cctifer of the' Bre-
thren^ charged JsIy.Kuox with HigliTreafon againft the Emperor. The
Ground of this Charge was, That Mr. Kno'x preaching a Serhion (af-
terward printed) m^England, when he was novvife fubjeiS: to the Em"
peror, fliould fey ot him, that ho was no lefs an Enemy to Chi i It than
ever was iVVrO)' which was moll; undoubtedly true; nor would ajiy re-
.. formed
t Strype's Life *^ G'-oJal, p. ip, ;o.
The Life of the Author.
XVJl
formed Divine have fcruplcd fo aflcrt the fame: Peter -Martyr did
not iiick to call him, Sever iffimam Lei virgam, God's moft fcvere
Rod*. However, by this vil'anous Treachery Doaor Cox gained his
Point; for Frankfort being an Imperial City, could not lafcly h\r-
boiir a Pcrfon fo obnoxious to the Emperor: The Senate therefore
tho' they abhorcd the bafe Treachery of the Accufers, yet were forced
to order Mr. Knox to leave their City; and fo Cox's Fadion oot the
whole Power into their own Hands; and thele new Tenants, havin^ ta-
ken full PoflcfTion, turned their old Landlords out to range abou't in
the wide World, to find new Quarters : Then did the Oxian Fatiion
triumph in accomplifliing their Purpolbs by their crafty, but perfidious
<and wicked Counfcls; then did they infuh their Brethren overcome by
fnch Arts, and oppreiTcd with a fecond Pcrfccution: But the triumph-
ing of the Wicked is JJoorty for having now got all in their own Hands
and there being none left to oppofe them in their /mpertinencies they
(as 'tis the Way of that furious kind of Men) fell a quarrelling with
one another in a moft dreadful Manner: Nor could that httle fchif-
matical Affembly that was left at Irankfort, ever after be at Reft"
but by their perpetual Quarrellings and Contentions, made themfelves
ridiculous both to Proteftants and Papif^s.
This is the Account of this Pa f age of Mr, Knox'/ Life, given hv
the learned Mr. Peircc in his 'Book above-cited. The Fa8s in this
Account are zjcell fupported by the Dilcourfe of the Troubles at
Frankfort^ above-mentioned, which I hace perufed. I Jhall make no
Reflexions upon this Matter, but leaoe it to the judgment of the
Header, tvhether Mr. Knox is not fujfficientlj vindicated. Mr. Knox
beinp thus expelled from his Hock at Frankfort by his Brethren ov.r
zeakus of the Englifli Ceremonies, retires to Geneva March 2(^. '155-5
tvhere he ftajed till Auguft, and then came over to Scotland, to vifit
his native Country and Friends, after his long Ahfence : He remained
«n Scotland till July 1^56, about which Time he was invited by the
Englifli Congregation at Geneva to return. LfJjall not injift at any
great length upon the Incidents of his Life at this Time, fince they
are to be met with in his Hiftory.
When Mr. Knox came to Scotland, he found the Numbers of Tro^
fejfors of the reformed Religion much increafed, and formed into a So-
ciety, under the Inf^e^lion of William Harlaw, John Willocks, Paul
Mcftcn, and John Erskine of Dun. Mr. Knox aD'ociated himfelf with
them, and preached to them. Several Tajjages of Mr. KnoxV Life are
related in his Hiflory at this Period, which I will not fo much as
mention.
He went North very foon with the Laird o/Dun, and ft ay ed with
htm about a Month, teackng and preaching daily to conjiderahle
Numbers, who reforted to that Gentleman s Houfe; the chief Gentle-
men in that Country came there and attended his Inflruthon, which
was a I'ery great Mean of their efpoifing the Proteflant Caufe Co
heartily foon after this. . From this Country he returned to Lothi-
an, and ft ay ed for the mod Part in the Houfe of Calder, with
(^) tha
* Strypfe's Life of Crannsr, A p. p. i j-;.
xviii The Life of the; A u t h o r.
tijat worthy Gentlemen Sir James Sandilands, where he met with ma-
ny Terfons of the fir Jl Rank-, viz. the Mafier of Erskine, afterward^
Earl of Mar, the Lord Lorn, afterward Earl of Argyle, Zor<;^ James **
Stewart Prior of St. Andrews, after E^rl of Murray, and Regent of
Scotland : With fhefe notable Perfens he converfed famiUarly.i and con-
firmed them in the Truth of the Proteftant Do5frine, In the Win-
ter 155 s he taught for the mo/} Part in Edinburgh, Infomeofhis '
Letters-, in the Hands of the Reverend Mr. Wodrow, to his Mother
in Law Mris. Bows, then in England, he informs her of the great
and earneft Defire many in Scotland had to hear the Dodlrine of the
Gofpel, and that he entertained great Hopes of 'uery remarkable Suc^
cefs in his Labours among his own Countrj-men. \a
Jfter Chx'i^msiS iss^-, he went to if /?f Weft 0/' Scotland, at the Lefire
of fome worthy Protefiant Gentlemen^ fuch as John Lockhart of Bar,
Robert Campbel q/" Ktnzeancleugh, 3cc. and preached in many Places in
Kyle, viz. the Houfes of Bar, Carnal, Kinzeancleugh, Uchiltree, Gath-
girth, and the Town of Air i and in fome of thefe Places he adminiftred
the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper after the Manner of the Reformed
Churches. He vifited likewife the Earl of Glencairn at his Houfe of
Finlayfton in the County of Renfrew, and in that Place he adminiftred
the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper ^ of which the Earl, his Lady, two
of his Sons, and fever al of the Relations of that Family were Partakersi
The Silver Clips made ufe of for that Purpofe, areyetremainingin thaP
^Family.
From thefe Weftern Parts he returned to the Eaft, andrefidedfor
fome Time in Calder, where many refortedto him, both for LoSlrine and
the Benefit of the Sacraments.
From thence he went afecond Time to the Laird of DunV Houfe in the
County o/Mearns, zvhere he preached more publickly than formerly i and
at the earnefi Lefire of many Perfons of Note, he adminiftred the Sacra'-
ment of the Lord's Supper. His teaching and^ Converfation among the
People in thefe Parts, exceedingly firengthened them in their Belief and
Trofejion of the Reformed Principles.
This Succefs of Mr. Knox in promoting the Protefiant Caufe, gave the
"ISarm to the Popijh Clergy, who caufed fummon him to appear before
them in the Church of Blackfriars in Edinburgh, on the isth Day of
May 155^. He was determined to have appeared at that Time* fever al
Gentlemen of "Diftin&ion, among whom the Laird of Don was none of
the leaft confiderable, refolvedto accompany him and ft and by him. Bu6
the Bijhops perceivingfuch a confiderable Party to appear in his Behalf^
changed their Refolution., and dropt their Profecution for that Time.
Mr. Knox came to Edinburgh, at the Time to which he was aW>May
t^th, and preached to a grecj:er Audience than ever he had done before ;
in the Bijhop 0/ DunkeldV great Houfe-, he taught both before and after^
Noon for ten Lays to great Number s.
At this Time the Earl of Glencairn prevailed with the Earl Mar-
fhal, and his great Truftee Henry Drummond, to hear Mr. KnoxV Ser-
mons. They were extreamly wellfatisfied with his DoSfrine, andpropof'.
ed to him, that he might write to the ^ueen Regent an earnefi Letter^
to prevail with her, if pojible, to hear the Protjlimt LoSlrine. He
complied
The Life of the Author. xix
complied with their Dtfire^ and wrote to beritt May 155-5. The Letter
was ddiveredby the ^^rr/o/ GJcucairn, the 2iicen read it^ and gave it
ro James Beaton Jrchbiffjop of Glafgow, wtih this Sarcafm upon it,
Plcafc you my Lord to read a PalquiT. He printed it aftertvards at
Geneva tcith additions and IFxplications^ Anno 155-8, and it is re-
printed in the Folio and ^arto Editions of the Hifiory^ and at the End of
this Edition. He has fome remarkable Threatnings in that Letter agamfi
that 2^een and her Friends^ upon zvhich he makes this Remark in his Hi-
ftorj\ p. 92. As to the Threatnings there, (c/sr. in this ^^^^(fr) pronounced
againlt her own Perfon, and the moft principal of herFr-ends, let thefe
very Flatterers fee, what hath failed of all that hath been written : And
therefore it were expedient that her Daughter, now miichicvoufly Reign-
ing, fhould look to what hath paffed before, left that in following the Coun-
fels otthe wicked, (he end more miferably than her crafty Mother did.
While M^"' Knox is thus occupied in Scotland, Letters inere fent to
him from the Englifh Congregation at Geneva, charging him in th&
Name of God to come to them for their Comfort. When Do^or Cox and
his 'Party., bj the Methods aboce-mentioned^ bad got Mr. Knox expelled
from Frankfort, fever al of that Congregation left Frankfort and caine to
Geneva, where thej/oon obtained Liberty for meeting together for pub-
lick Worjhip-, and recalled Mr. Knox, v:ho had been their Paflor at
Frankfort, to exercife his Miniftry among them.
Mr. Knox ferioupjy pondered this Invitationy and determined to return
to that People who hadjhownfiich a great Regard for him. Before he
left Scotland, he mfited all the Places in which he had preached., and
exhorted the People to bejiab/e in their Profefjion-t and that by no Means
they return again to the Abominations of Popery : He exhorted thetn to
continue inftant in Prayer., in reading the holy Scriptures^ and to meet
frequently together., until the Lordfhould bring greater Liberty to them,
yimong others, he waited on the Earl of Ar^yk, zvho, together with the
Laird of Glenurchy, earneftly defired him to continue m his Mative
Country ; but he could by no Means be prevailed upon to lay afide hij Tur-
fofe at that Time., but promifedy that if God bltffed thefe Jmall 'Begin-
nings 1 and they continued fie df aft in Godlinefs, zvhenever they pleafd to
command him., hejhouldobey them., but that he iiiufi fir ft fee that little
Flock, which the Wickedne/s of Men had forced htm to part with.
In the Month of July 1556, he left Scotland, went frfl to France^'
end from thence to Geneva. He had no fooner turned his tack., than
the Bifljops fummoned him to appear before them, and when he appeared
not, they pajfed a Sentence of Lteath againfi him, but not being able to
teach himfdf they caufed burn him inEffigie at theCrofs oj Edinburgh.
jlgainji this unjufi Sentence, he formed, andfometime thereafter printed
at Geneva, Anno 1558, his Appellation /ro;« the cruel and moft unjuft
Sentence pronounced againfi him by the falfe Bijhops and Clergy
of Scotland, with his Supplication and Exhortation to the Nobilitj\
Eftates and Commonality of the fame Realm. This Treatije is re-
printed at the End of the Folio and j^uarto Editions of his Hi-
Jiory, and at the End of this Edition In it he gives an /Account of
his JDodfrine, complains heavily of the cruel Sentence pajfed againfi
him by the Clergy, and appeals to a lawful General Council, fuch
<pj the mofi ancient Canons and Laws approve j humbly requefiing, that
( ^ 2 ) uiitii
XX The Life of the Author.
until the Contrcverfies in Religion at this Time Le laivfiilly decided, the
Iilobility and Eftates may protect him and others^ ivho are thus unjuflly
perfecuted. He offers a publick DiPputation-, wherein Matters may he
tried and decided by the fimple and plain Word of God; and that the
PopiJ}} Clergyt whom he calls the Generation of Antichrid-, may not he
allowed to he his fudges ; hut by the Juthoritj of the EJlates, they may
he compelled to deftjljrom their cruel Murders-, and obliged to anfzver to
fuch Things asfiall he laid to their Charge^ for not right eoujly infir lin-
ing the Flock committed to their Truft.
In the Month 0/ March 155?, the JSarl ofGIencairn, the Lord Lorn,
the Lord Ereskine, and Lord James Stewart, afterwards Earl of Mur-
ray, being the chief Promoters of the Reformation in Scotland at that
Timet being fenfible hozv ufefulfuch a Ter/on as Mr. Knox might he for
promoting that Lefign^ fent an Exprefs to him, earnefty defiring him to
return to his own Country. Their Letter is to he found in his Hiflory,
p. 98. It was deli'vered to him in the Month of May 1557, he immedi-
ately communicated it to his Congregation, who were very unwilling to
part with him : But having confuted with Mr. Calvin and other worthy
MiniJierSy they gave it as their Opinion, that he could not refufefuch a
plain Call, unlefs he would declare himfelf rebellious to Ged, and un-
merciful to his Country. The Congregation underflanding this, yielded
to his Return to Scotland,- and he wrote hack with the Meffengers who
brought the Letter, that he would return to them with all reafmable Ex-
pedition, fo foon as he might put Order to that dear Flock that was
committed to his Charge.
Mr. Knox hating provided for his Congregation at Geneva, left
them in September, and came to Diep, in his Way to Scotland againfl
the 2^th of Odober ; there he unexpetledly met with Letters from Scot-
land, contrary to the former, informing him thai new Con fiiltat ions
were entered into, and advijing him to remain in thefe Parts until the
final Conclujion of them ; there was another Letter directed to a Friend
of Mr. Knox, wherein he was told, that many were becoming inconflant
and drazving hack who had before jqyned in an Invitation to him to re-
turn : Jsfoon as he received thefe Notices, he wrote to the Lords who
had invited him, in which Letter he expojiulates with them for their
Hajhnefs, and denounces judgments againji fuch as Jhould he inconflant
in the Religion they nozv profeffed. This Letter is to he found in the
Hiflory,Page9%. to 100. and hears Date from Diep, t']th Odtobenssj.
upon this Lifappointment Mr. Knox returned to Geneva in December
1557, where he continued till A^xW 1551.
This Letter of Mr. Knox'j-, together with fame others, written to
the chief Promoters of the Proteftant Caufe, had this notable Effect
that they were excited to a greater Degree of Zeal for the DoSfrinc
they had efpoufed; they came at lafl to this Refohition, That they
would follow Forth their Purpofe, and would commit themfeJves and
whatfoever God had given them into his Hands, rather than fufter I-
dolatry fo manifeftly to reign, and the Subjefts of the Realm to be de-
frauded, fo long as they had been, of the only Food of their Souls; and
that every one might be aflured the more ot one another, a common
Band was made and fubfcribed by the following Perfons of great In.te-
. ■ ■ reft
The Lite ot the Author. xxi
reft and Authority, y^rcbibaU Ear] of yfrgylc, /lUxandcr IL-^lt] oi Glen-
cairn^ yames Karl of Morton, Archibald Lord Lorn^ and John Ers-
kine oi Duut which Bond itfelf is prcfcivcd in tlic Hillory, Page loi,
rtK^/V^^/^i/^^ Edinburgh, December 3. 1557.
From this Bond thefe who fcparated from Toperji tvere called the
Con^regat ion 1 (hccaufc in \t they oblige thcmfclvcs to mail, tain, fct
forward, and eftablifli the moft bleffed Word of God and his Congre-'
oation) and the Nohilitjy who adopted the reformed Intereft^ were called
^he Lords of the Congregation. Mr. Knox wrote Je<veral haters from
Diep, both to the Nobilitj and Profejfors of the reformed Religion of
an inferior 'Degree, wherein he, with great Earneftnefs, exhorts them to
Conftancy in their Profe[fion, and gives them fome tfeful Cautions a-
gainji the Errors of SeifarieSt which were much pre'vailing about this
Time, both in Germany and England, and enjoins them to give due 0-
hedience to Juthoritj in all lawful Things. Thefe original Letters are
in the Hands of my worthy Friend Mr. Wodrovv. By them it appears
that Mr. Knox continued in Diep till the End of December 1557, at
which Time alfo he wrote fome confolatorj Letters to the perfecuted
Proteftants in France, and adds to them an excellent Apology for the
French Trofeffors of the reformed Religion, which are lihwife in Mr»
WodrowV Hands,
He returned to Geneva in the beginning of the Tear iS'sS : It ap»
pears from fome of his Letters yet extant^ that he was there in April
1558.
'During this Space that ^'fr. Knox was in Geneva, he printed a Trea-
tife with this Title, The firft Blaft of the Trumpet againft the mon-
flrous Regiment of Women. This Treat ife being ft bjoined to this E-
dition of the Hiflory, will fave me the Trouble of gi'ving an Jbftra^
of it. It made a great Noife, and procured great En-vy to Mr. Knox,
and was the Occafion of great Obloquy and Reproach againft him.
Mr. David Calderwood in his MSS. Hiftory takes notice. That the
cruel and bloody Government of ^eenlslary 0/ England, and the En'
dea'vours of Mary of Lorrain, ^ueen Regent of Scotland, to break
through our legal Conftitution, and introduce tyrannical Government^
and the T>omination of the French, were the chief Motives which in-
duced Mr. Knox to write and publifh this Piece j that Author adds*
that in it he fJjews his Erudition, and Variety of reading more than
in any other of his Treatifes. The Reader will form his own 'Judgment
of it, and 1 Jloall not interpqfe mine. The Hook was much approcen by
feveral of the exiled Bn^lm Proteftants, and by others as much dislik-
ed. Mr. Strype informs us. That Mr. John Fox the Marty rologi ft had
expofiulated with him about this Matter, and has preferred A/r.KnoxV
Letter in Anfwer toMr. Fox, dated at Geneva, March 18. 1558- In
this Letter he makes a modeji Apology' for his writing this Book, does
not excife any vehement or raJJj Exprejfions he has ujed in it, but ftill
affirms, that he is perfwadedofthe Truth of the Pofitions laid down in it.
He defigncd to have written a fuhfequent Piece in Corjirmation of the
firft Blaft, and this was to have been called the fccond Blaft, hut J^aeen
Mary 0/ England dying foon after the frji Blaft was publfhtd, viz.
ISovember 14. 1558, and he having agreatEfiecm o/^cf«EjizabcthV
Xxii The Life of the Author.
* ■ — — -
Per/on, and entertaining great Hopes of fignal Jdmntages to the Pro-
tejiant Caufefrom her Government^ ishom he looked upon as an Injiru-
ment raifed np by the good Providence of God for the Good of his Peo-
ple^ he ivent no further. Before this Event happened^ he piibliJJjed ait
yidvertifement concerning this fecond Blafi at Geneva isfg, which is
printed mth his Letter and Jppellation, and Mr. GilbieV Admonitiort
to England and Scotland, to which I remit the Reader.
In April isS9-> Mr. Knox determined to return to his native Comt'
try-, and having a ftrong Defire in his Way to it to vifit thefe People
in England, to whom he had formerly preached the Gqfpel, he applied
to Sir William Cecil, his old Acquaintance., that he might procure Li-
lerty for him to come through England. Mr. Strype informs us, that
no Licence was granted, and that the Mejfenger he fent to negotiate
that JJ^air was almoji taken into Cufiody. The Letter he wrote to Se-
cretary Cecil upon that Head is to he found in Mr. BuchananV Editi-
on of the Hijlory-t and in the MSS. from which this Edition' is
print edy and therefore flmll forbear to give any Account of it. It is to
be noticed^ that this Letter is not to be found in the Odavo Edition^
heing {as^ is prohakle) kept out to avoid giving Offence to £ueen Eliza-
beth and Secretary Cecil j but notwithftanding of that Concejfion, that
Edition was fuppreffed in England where it was printed : As we Jhall
fee hereafter.
In April i5'5P» there was printed at Strashmgh. an Anftver to Mr.
Knox' J- Blaji-, written by John tinier an Exile, formerly Arch-deacon
of Stow, and Treceptor to the renouiied Lady Jean Gray Laughter to
the Luke 0/ Suffolk, and for a few Weeks ozvned by all King Edward'j-
,VI. Council as £iieen of i.nghnd. He was afterwards made Bifl^op of
London by J^ueen Elizabeth. The indufirious Mr. Strype has zvritten
Jjis Life, and in it gives lis an Account of this Performance. The Title
cf it is. An Harborough for faithful and true Subjefts, againft the late
blown Blaft, concerning the Government of Women, wherein are con-
futed all fuch Reafons as a Stranger of late niade in that Behalf, with
an Exhortation to Obedience. This Treatife is veryfcarce. I only faw
it oncci but could not have Opportimity to perufe it ; and therefore cart
form no judgment of it. In Mr. StrypeV Opinion it is a notable and
full Anfwer to Mr. Knox.
Mr. Knox arrived in Scotland, May r. i55P> ^J" appears from a Let-
ter of his in Mr. WodrowV Hands, and was a very aSfive Inftrument
in promoting the Reformation^ as appears from the Jecond Book of the
Hifiory-, which contains a full Account of his Condu6i in Scothnd, and
of the Progrefs of the Reformation, till the Trotefiants were oblig-
ed to apply to England. For carrying on which Tranfa^iionx
2» July this Tear, he was pitched tipon to meet with Sir William Ce-
cil at Stamford incognito, to converfe with him concerning the- State of
Scotland. That great Statefnian had been applied to by thd Protcjtant
Party in So.Q'CiQS'A, that he might interpofe dith^ueen Elizabeth /o
give them AJfiHance againft the Opprefjion of the F tench. Mr. Knox
totote a Letter to ^leen Elizabeth. incloTed in one to Sir William Cecii,
. loth which are to be found in the Folio and Q^^tto' Editions of'thi
Hifiory i but omiited'm the OCtdyo'i 'they are tdb'e feen in the Q^&xto
Edit,
Tiie Life of the Author. xxiii
Edit, T. 230, 231 nt:(i 2^2. and in bis Edit. P. 2cp, 210, 211 -:•»
The Letter to ^u^cn Elizabeth is ^^re^ ^^ Edinburgh, July 28. '1559^
as tve fid it in Mr. Buch.manV Quarto Edition; tut if the Jnfwcr
gi-jen li)' Secret ciryCQC\\ be of a risjn Date, the other mitfl necefarily
he of an earlier Dr.te ; perhaps Caldcrwood in his MSS. ITiftory comes
nearer the Truth, ivhen he dates it July 14. 1559. But be that as it
ivil/y Secretary Cecil ztrote an Anfvjer to Mr. Knox, dated at Oxford
2^th ^Z July 1559, -i'^hich is infert in the Q^Mio Edition^ P. 234. and
in this Edit. P. xi2 and 213.
From Secretary CccilV Letter, v:e fee that he expeSed to have fcen
Mr. Knox at St:imford j hut his 'journey v:as retarded by the Vanger 0/
faffing by fZv French v:ho lay at Donbar. Jfterward he zvas fent to
England in Company with Mr. Robert Hamilton Minifter of the Gof-
pel to negotiate thefe great Jffairs betwixt the Proteftants in Scotland
and Oucen Elizabeth : JVhen they came to Berwick they remained fome
Bays v^ith Sir James Crofts Governor of it, and there they received Se-
cretary CccilV yfnfwer to Mr. Knox abovementioned. Sir James Crofts
undertook to manage their Bufinefs for them, and gave them his Ad-
vice to return Home, which they did. Secretary Cecil fent a^fb an An-
fwer to the Proteftant Nobility and Gentlemen concerning their Propo-
falsto Qiieen Elizabeth, which was fo general that they were very near
refolved to break off all communing upon that Subject, had not Mr.Knox
interpofed with them, with fo much Earnejinefs that they allowed him
once more to write to the Secretary, which he did. The Letter is to be
feen in the Quarto Edition of the Hiftory, P. 234 and 235. and in
this Edit. T. 213, 214 and 215. To this Letter there was very Coon
an Jnfverfent, defirtng that fome Men of Credit might be fent from
Scotland to meet with the Englifh at Berwick, and at the fame Time
informing them that there was a Sum of Money ready to be delivered
for carrying on the common Cauje, and afuring them, that if the
Lords of the Congregation were zvilling to enter into a League with
^ueen Elizabeth upon honourable Conditions, they fjjould neither want
Men nor Money from England. Upon this Anfxer Mr. Henry Balnaveis,
a liUn of good Reputation in both Kingdoms, was fent to Berwick
hy the Lords, who foon returned with a Sum of Money which defray-
ed the publick Expcnce ^///November thereafter.
In the fame Month o/July 15-59, Mr. Knox was choFen Minifier of
Edinburgh ; hut being obliged to attend the Lords while' the Agreement
mthEnghud was m Dependence, Mr. Willock was left in Edinburgh
to officiate in his Room,
The Efftd: of thefe Negotiations with England was. That an Army
tvas fent down under the Command of the Duke of Norfolk, which was
joined by ahnofi all the great Men in Scotland ; at laji a Peace was pro-
cured and concluded by Commiffioner s from France,/;/ Name of our Queen
andtheKingofVxznco Francis II. her Husband, and from Queen
l!,Jizabeth 0/ England, in Conjunmon with the chief Nobility of Scot-
land, which Tranfadiions are to be found in all our Ififlorians -, and par-
tic\itarlytn,Mr.. KnoxV, who has carefully preferved feveral very im-
fortm Papers relating to this great Affair. It would be to franfcribe
(/O that
xxiv The Life of the Author.
that Hifiory to gi've any ./Account of^ thefe Matters., for zvhich Reafon I
refer the Reader to it-, 'adhere he zc'ill have a full yfccount ofthetn.
After this Tcace zvas concluded w July 1560, there tons Come Care
taken by the Protejiant Miniflers., of zvhom Mr. Knox zvas the Chief,
that the reformed LoRrine jl:>oiiid be preached through the Kingdom i
for which Reafon they di'i>ided the whole Realm in twehe Parts, ani
a(figned to each Minifter his particular DiJiriSf^ {for their whole Num-
ber at that Time zvas only tzvehe) they compofed a Confefjion of Faiths
afterzvards ratified by Tarliainent, and compiled the Jirji Book of Vif-
cipline.
By the Articles of Pacification a Parliament was allowed to meet
in Auguft 1560, where there was prefent a very full Reprefentation
of the Nation, as is evident from a Lift of the Members I found in
the Cottonian Library., Caligula B. 9. Fol. 144. zvhich Lifi is mark-
ed with Secretary CecilV Hand -, and of which I took a Copy from the
Original.
The Troteftants of all Ranks gave in a Petition to this Tarlia-
ment, which is to be feen in this Hifiory, P. 237, 238, 239, which the
Reader may confult.
The Parliament., in AnCwer to this Petition^ required the Mlni-
fters to draw up in plain [hort Heads, the Sum of the Lo&rine, zvhich
they defired to have eftabliJJ:ed by the Civil Authority, as the publick
Jbodlrine of this Church : This was chearfuUy gone into by them, and
the doing of it committed to Mr. Knox, Mr. John Winram, Mr. Jolm
Row, Mr. John Spotifwood, John Willock, and Mr. John Douglas
Redor of the Vni'oerfity of St. Andrews, as we afe informed by Mr,
Scot Minifier of Coupar, in a Manufcript Hifiory zvritten by him.
In four Lays Time they fnifhed the Confeffion of Faith, and prefent-
edit to the Parliament Auguft 17. This Confeffion is printed niKnoxx
Hifiory, Ed. 8vo. p. 468 to 496. and in the A^ls of Parliament, and
in this Edition from P. 239 ?o 253. It was approved by a vafi Majo-
rity of the Members. A very fmall Nmnber voted again ft it, ffnd a Jew
he fit at ed: It was fir Ji read over audibly in Face of Parliament, af-
ter that. Time was allowed to make Objection i againji it ; next a Lay
was fixed, when it zvas read over again, and the Minifters allowed
to be prefent to anfwer the Obje^ions againft it ; but they were faved
of that Trouble, for no Body propofed any. Thus, with very great
Unanimity, the Proteftant Religion zuas efiabifjjed by Law. If it were
a proper Tlace, I could add a great deal of very ufeful and inflru£iing
Pajfages relating to this Matter. But this would require a juft Trea-
tije by itfelf, and cannot come fo properly in here in Mr. KnoxV Life.
This Parliament likewife made Jome other A&s in Favours of the
proteftant Caufe ; one of them is againji the Mafs, and Abiife of the
Sacraments, and another againft the Supremacy and Jurifdi£lion of the
Pope, both which are in Mr. Knoxj Hifiory, P. 254 and 255*
7 he only Thing the Parliament waved to take Notice of in the
Petition, was the Article concerning the Patrimony of the Church,
and its Application to Minijiers, Schools, and the Toor ; the great Men
having their owii] private Viewsi which appeared more plainly af-
terwards.
Tht
^—— '" < — ■IIW ■■
The Lite oi the A l t h o r. xxV
The Parliament fent to France Sir ]a\r\c% Sandihinds LordSt.]o\\\\,
and Knight of Rhodes, to apply to the King of France and our
Oiictn his- Coufort, jor a Ratification of thefe ^5ls of Parliavuntt
conform to the (olemn Promijcs made hy their Jmhajjadors^ in the
Jprcement and ContraQ: made in July laft. Mr. Calderwood in his
Maniifcript Hiftory obferves, 7 hat he came in a mojl unfcafonabJe
Jun^ure of Time-, for the Houfe of Guife then ruled all in France, in
a vay imperious Manner, and contrived the Ruin of all fuch as op-
pofed their Meafures, either under Colour of Religion or of Treafoni
and aimed at no Itfs than a general Lejrtt^ion of all Proteflattts -,.
hut within a littk a Stop toas put to their Caricr as to Scotland,
ly the Jttddtn Vcath <?/ Francis II. the joung King of France j it
fvas but- a littk before his Death that iS"//" James came to France?
'he endeat'oured to take of the Mifreprejentations which tvere made of
their ConduSf to that young King, and to make it appear that the
French themftkes in Scotland were the Cauje of all thefe Diforders
tahich had lately happened j he alfo executed the Truji committed to
him by the Parliament, which was to defire the Ratification of fuch
Things as were ftipulated to them by the late /olemn Treaty- Rut
thefe MeJJages of his were very unwelcome to the Guiffans ; for in-
dead of granting his Requefis, they reproached him as an Abetter of
Herefy, which, faid they, was the lefs to he excufed in him who was
a Knight of the holy Orders < They told him moreover, 7'hat they were
extreamly furprijed that the Scottifh Nobility JJjould adventure to pro--
voke fuch a great King. He was difmiffed without any Hopes of oh*-
taining a Rat if cation of thefe ASfs from the King and 2_^een. ■ '• x*^-
This Parliament gave no direU Anfwer to the Supplication prefent-
td to them concerning the Difcipline and Policy of the Church i but
the Privy Council allowed the Miniflers to confiilt among themfelves
how the Church might he cJlahliJlKd in a good and godly Policy. Mr,
Knox, with others wJfo had joined with him in compofmg the Confcflion
of Faith, were appointed to draw up a Plat- form of D/fcipline, which
they alfo did perform, and is that Compofure which goes under the
Name of the firft Book of Difcipline, frequently printed ; this they
preCe^ited to the Nobility and Lords of Council, who maturely perufed
it. Mr. Szot of Coupar,z» his fore-cited apologetical Relation, ^/ccj" us
this Account of it: When the. Book was prefnted to the Lords, Some
v/i(hed it were ratified in Parliament, others in Mockage called it, A
devout Imagination. The Licentious perceived, that their carnal Li-
berty was to be reftrained, if the Difcipline prelcribed in the Book was
eftablifhed. Such as had gripped greedily to the Church-rents confider-
ed that their Commodity was much to be impaired, if lo much were
to be beftowed upon the Miniftry, the Schools and the Poor, as was
modified in that Book; yet it was lubfcribcd by fundry, and ratified
by A<ft of Council, ^an. 27. 1561, with the following Provifion,. That
the Biftiops, Abbots, Priors, Prelates, and other beneficed Men, who
had joined themfelves to the reformed Kiik within this Realm, be
fuffered to pofiefs their Benefices during their Lifetime, fo that the
Miniftry within their Prelacies be provided according to the Modifi-
cation of that Book. He ohferves from Knox'j Iliftory 8vo, P. 5*4 6*
{g) That
xxvi The Life of the Author.
That this ViCcipUne voas not defigned to be ohferved in all Time cdm^
ing in every Toint, but Liberty referred to Pofterity to ejiablijh a more
perfeSl one.
We fee by the Subfcription fubjoined to the End of this firft Book
of Difcipline-, that feveral of the mofi eminent among the Noblemen
and Gentlemen were Subfcribers of it.
In December 1560. Marjory Bowes, fl«Engli(h H^oman^ Afr. KnoxV
firfi JVifei cH^^i foncerning which Event he exprejfes great Griefs as
appears from this Hiftory-, P. 260. / fhall afterwards give a more
full Account of his Family-affairs.
We find in the following Tear 1561, i» January, that Mr, Knox //
maintaining a Difpute concerning the controverted Points of Religion
againfi Mr. Alexander Anderfon Sub-principal cf the Kings College of
Aberdeen, and Mr. John Lefly Parfon of Une, and afterwards ^i/hop
cfKoiSy ef which we have an jiccomt in this Edition, Page 261,
262, '
Jn March 156? Afr. John Spotifwood was admitted Superintendent
of Lothian by Mr. Knox ; we have the Form and Order of this Ad-^
miffion^as it was compofed by Mr.Yinoyi^in this Hiftory^ Page 263, ^c.
In this fame Tear, Auguft 20th i5'6i, the £^een arrived in Leith
from itSiacc-yJhe,from the firfi Time of her ArrivaUfet up a private
Mafs in her own Chapel, which afterwards ^ hyher ProteRion and Com-
tenancct was much more frequented. This Tra5fice of the j^ueen excited
the Zeal of Mr. Knox, who with great Warmth exprejfedhimfelf againjl
allowing anyfuch Thing to be done. The ^eens Brothers, Z-or^ James
Prior of St. Andiev/s, ior^John Prior i?f Coldingham, andLordRohert
Abbot o/Holyroodhoufe, were at great Pains to proteStthe Priefifrom
Violence : But in the Afternoon, Auguft 24th, great Numbers of Pro-
tefiant Gentlemen conveened, with full Refolution that thpi would not
permit the Mafs to befet up again. Matters were not fuffered to come
to an open Rupture that Lay-t but the next, a Council was held, and
Confultation taken of a proper Remedy. The Queens Emiffaries threat-
tied, that Jhe would return back to France if jhe were not indulged in
this Matter. The Affair ended in an A61 of Privy Council, inferted in
the Hiflory p. 285, which was proclaimed at the Market Crofs of Edin-
burgh; no Perf'on offered to make any Oppofition to it, except J&mes Earl
of Aran, eldefi Son to the 'Duke of Chattelerault late Governour, who
took a Proteftation againfi it at the fame Markefplace, which is alfo to
hejeen in the Hiftory, p. 286.
Mr. Knox himfelfin his Hiflory, p. 2B7. informs us. That he was
much difpleafed with the Condu(5l ot the Privy Council in this Matter;
and that he openly in his Sermon upon the next Lord's Day after the
above-mentioned Proclamation declared^ That one Mafs was more fright-
ful to him than ten Thoufand armed Enemies landed in any Part of the
Realm, This Freedom of Speech gave great Offence to the Courts and
the Queen her f elf had a long Conference with him upon that and other
SubjeBstof which we have the Sum in the Hiflory * p. 287. 288, &c.
We fhall fee from the Hiflory what Part Mr.Kxio\bdre in the Affairs
of the Churcht during ti>e Remainder of this Tear i5<^^ i and I have no-
thing^
The Life of the Author. xxvii
thing tile m that Teriod to oJflr,tohich is not to he found in the Jccount
of Matter T given there.
In the: Tear i5<52, Mr. Knox was imployed in making up Differences
letaixt the Earh o/Bothwell and Arran, which is injert in the Hiftory
p. 3o5',&c, This is an Evidence how much he was regarded bj the mofi emi
inent Perfons of the Kingdom, and how much Interefi he had with them.
This fame Tear the £tieen being informed that her Uncles were like to
recover their former Intereji at the Court of France, received the News
voith great yoy. Mr. Knox being informed of her Behaviour-, and ap-
prehending that the Power of the ^eetis Relations would produce dif-
mal £J-e8s in Prejudice of the Reformed Intereji in theje Tarts, thought
fit to preach itponP{&]. ii, lo, 1 1. Urom which Words, he taxed the Ig-
norance, Vanity and Defpitc of Princes againft all Vertne, and againftall
thofe in whom Hatred of Vice, and Lovcof Vertue appeared.
The 2yeen being informed of his Words, fent Mr. Alexander Cockburn
eUeft Son to the Laird o/Ormcflon with a Mejfage to Mr. Knox to
bring him to the 2}}een. Mr. Cockburn having been formerly his
Scholar, gave himjome Jccount of his jiccufation, and of his Accufers-,
he very readily came to the 2ueen, and had a Conference with her,
which is in the Hijlory, p. 309, 310, &c.
This Tear Mr. Knox was appointed by the General Jffembly, Com*
mijfioner to the Counties o/Ky)e and Galloway, and by his Injluence^ fc
<veral of the mofi eminent Gentlemen of Kyle, Cunningham and Carrick,
entered into a Bond, and Jubfcribed it at Air, September /\th if^z tthis
Bond, with a good many Subfcriptions fubjoined to it, is to be found in
his Hijiory, p. 316, &c.
He went from the Shire of Air to Nithfdale and Galloway, and had
Conferences about Matters of great Importance "With the Majier of Max-
well J and from this County he wrote to the Duke of Chatcrault, giving
him Cautions both againji the 'BiJJjo^ of St. Andrews and the £arl of
Huntley, whqfe Counjels Mr. Knox judged might prove pernicious to the
reformed Intereji ; at this Time alfo Mr. Quintin Kennedy a Son of the
Houfe o/Caflils, Trior of Whithorn, and jibbot of Crofs-regal, offered
a publick Coiiference and Difpute with Mr. Knox ; This Offer Mr. Knox
very readily embraced, and the 'Difpute was held in the Village of May-
bole in Carrick, for the Space of three Days, the SubjeSi of the Vi/pute
tvas concerning the Mqfs, impartial Readers will judge, how Afr. Knox
acquited himlelf by reading the Difpute it felf, which was afterwards
printed; I havefeen fome Copies of itj and leave it to the Curious to
form their own Opinion.
hi the£nd o/May 1563, the ^tieen held her frji TarUament, after
her Return from France. Mr. Knox and the reft of the zealous Profef-
fors of the Proteftant Religion, exerted themfelves to the utmoji, that
the Articles agreed upon at Lcith, before the ^neens yfrrivaU might
he ratified in this Parliament : But this could not be obtained ; all that
could be gotten done, was the paffing of an JQ of Oblivion Jince March
1558. m the Beginning of the Parliament, Mr. Knox endeavoured to
the utmoji to excite the Earl of Murray to appear with Zeal and Cou-
rage to get thefe Matters carried through in Parliament ; but ffndiiig
him more cool than he expe^ed, there followed a "Breach betwixt them^
(g 2) which
xxviii The Life of the Author.
which continued for a Tear and an Half\ of this .Mr. Knox himfelf gives
an Account in his Hijiory, p i66.
Mr. Knox was exceedingly grieved that the Reformed Religion was
not explicitely confirmed by this Parliament; and before the Diffolation.
of it., he had a Sermon before a great many of the Members, wherein he
with yehcmency expreffed his Senfe of that Matter-, ofivhich he gives,
an Account in his Hijiory p. ii\. at zvhich Time alfo he expreffed his
great Abhorrency of^ the ^leens marying a Pafift.
Upon Account chiefly of his adventuring tofpeak of. the Oueen^sMaV'
riage^ there zvas great Offence, t^ken both by the £ueen and Courtiers ;
the Laird of Drumlanrig brought him a Charge to appear before the
£iieeny which he did after Dinner.
The 2i^een was in extreme Pafjion-, and feverat Things pajfed betwixt
the Qiieen and Mr. Knox ; Jhe was very defirous to have had him pu-
nifhed, but by the Advice of J ome about her^ fJoe was prevailed upon to
defiji for that Time.
:. There happened another Incident which was like to have brought a-
lout much Trouble to Mr. Knox this Tear, which was this. The 2ueen
ioad Jpent mojl of this Summer, in hunting in the W'efi Parts, and in
Iyer Return from that Trogrefs-, flayed for fome Time in Stirling; dur-
ing the Time of her Stay there, thofe of her Family Jhe had left at her
jP^/^ce o/Halyrudehoufe, took upon them to convocate greater Numbers
to the Mafs.than had been ifual, and upon the very Lord's Day upon
which the. Sacrament of the Lord's Supper was celebrated in the Town
0/ ]Edinburgh, they reforted in great Numbers to the 'Mafs ; fome of the
mofi zealous Protefiants being informed of this, went to the Ahhey, that
they might take down the Names of Juch as they f aw going to thcitSer-
^fvice; this Appearance gave the Allarm to, the ^teens Servants^ zvho
feni to the Laird of Vitartow. t}:>e Comptroller, to advertife him that
they were in great Danger, and craved his Jffiftance, he zvith great
Expedition came down and brought the Trovoft and "Baillies of Edin-
. burgh along with him and many others ; it happened upon this Occafion,
.?/;^f Patrick Cranfton went into the £ueens Chappel, and finding the
Altar covered, and the Prieji ready to celebrate the Mafs, faid. The
Queens Majefty is not here, how dare you then be fp malapert as o-
penly to do againft the Law. The Report of this f>eing carried to the
^ueen, floe caufed fiumnon the faid Patrick Cranfton and Andrew Arm-
ftrong to find Surety to under ly the Law for Forethought Fellony, having
made violent Invafion into the £!ieens Palace -, Mr. .Knox being afraid
thai Extremity might be tifed agahifi thefe two zealous Men, and being
.authorized by tbe laft General jffenibly to give Advert if ement to
the whole Body of Prottjiants in Spotiand, when any Danger ap-
peared, wrote a. circular Letter-, which is inferted in his Ji'Jioryj
page 336 and lyj, dated. at Edinburgh, Odober 8th i5^3> '-^^herein
he defires them to conveen for the Support of thefe Men agaivji. the
Time of their Appearance. Some Copies of this Letter of Mr, .Knox
were intercepted and brought to the £ueen -, it was conejuded in her-Ca-
binet Councih' /that it contained Treafon, and the Nobility were
advertifed to be prefent at Mr. Knox'j- Tiyeih which zvas appointed a-
gaifi/i
The Life of the Author. xxix
^S^inji the middle of December : The Nobility convecned according to
the ^iccns Jppointmenu and having heard Mr. Knox'x Defence, he
wai abiohed by them. Of this remarkable Pajfagc Mr. Kno\ gives us a
full /Account in his Jftflory, from P. J39 to 343.
Tl^e General Jffembly of the Church alfo approved of Mr. Knox'r
Cond'Mi tvith rejpe& to the abovementionsd Jjfair, he havins, been ath
thorized by them to give yidvertijhment of any common Danger ; this
gave great Offence to the Qjieen and Court.
Another remarkable Pajjfage of Mr. KnoxV Life happened in the
(tear iS^^. At the General Affembly, there was a jele6l Comnuttee ap-
pointed by them to meet with Jeveral Perfons of Difiin&ion, who had
Offices in the State, to confer together upon feveral controverted H^ads,
the Chief of which was the fetting the 'Boundaries betwixt the Po-v:er
of the fupreme Mttgifirate and the People. Mr. Knox and the rcjl of
his 'Brethren efpoufed the Javie Principles which have been ozvned by
the Supporters of the late happy Hevolution, the Courtiers wCre fo^
fcrewing up the Royal ^Prerogative to a great Pitch, the whole Conference
is at full Length given in Mr. KnoxV flifiory, from Page 349 to ^66;
hut they broke up without coming to o-y /Agreement; it is to no Pur-
pofe to abridge the Account of this Matter giZ\H in the Hijiory , and
therefore I refer the Reader to it.
Mr. Knox fell into fome Trouble the next Tear is%i ^'pon this Oc-
cafion: Henry Lord Dcrnly bein;^ married to the £ucen upon the 19. Day
of July this Tear, was advijed by the Proteflants about the Court tO
come to hear Mr. Knox preach, which they thought might contribute
much to -procure the Good-will of the People, at their DJire he went tO
Sermon upon Sunday Auguft 19. J//-. Knox took his Ti.xt in the xxvi.
Ifa. 13. and 17 ver.from which Place he difcou.ftd of the Government
of wicked T rimes, who for the Sins of the People are fent as Tyrants
and Scourges to pla ue them-, and among other Things he f aid that Qcd
fets in that Room (for the Offences and Ingratitude of the Pcopie)
Boys and Women; there zetre alfo fome other Words uttered by him,
svhich gave great Offence to the young King, e. g* That God juftly pu-
nifhed Ahab and his Pojitrity, becaufe he would not take Order with
that Harlot Jczabel.
Mr. Knox was immediately commanded to appear before the Council i
'}}e obeyed, and was accompanied by a good jSlumber of the mojl coufider-
able Men of the Towm when he was called the Secret a ty declared t thai
the Kings Majefiy was offended with fome Words fpohn in his Sermon,
(efpecially fuch as are above rehearfcd) defiring him to abflain from
Preaching for 15 or 20 'Days, and that Mr. Qxaigffjould fupply his
Place.
Mr. Knox anfwered, TToat he had fpoken nothing but according t6
Vis Text, and if the Church would command him either to f peak or ab-
flain., he would obey, fo far as the Word of God would permit him.
The TublifJjer of Mr. Knox s Hi/lory, Edit. J^uarto, P. /\i9. adds
in the Margin, That in ahfwcting he faid more than he had preached,
for he added, That as the King had for Pleafure of the Queen gone
to Mafs, and dilhonoured the Lord God, fo fiiouid God in his Julfice,
ih) make
XXX The Life of the Author.
make her an Inftrument of his Ruin ; and fo it fell out in a very (hort
Time; but the Queen being incenfed with thefe Words fell out in Tears,
and to pleafe her ^ohn Knox muft abfiain from Preaching for a
Time.
The General Jjfemhly-, which met in December i5<55, in their /^th
Seffion-, appointed Mr. Knox to pen a confolatory Letter in their Name^
to encourage Minijiers, Exhorters and Readers to continue in their J/q-
cation, which manj ivere under great Temptation to leave for want of
Subftftence, and to exhort the Frojejfors of the Realm to /apply their
Necejfitks. Mr. Knox was alfo appointed by this JJJembly to mftt,
preach and plant the Kirks in the South till the next jjfembly, and to
remain fo long as he could at this Work.
The General Jjfembly, which con'veened at Edinburgh in December
iS^6, upon Mr. KnoxV Veftrey allowed him, to go to England to vifit
two of his Sons, who were educated in the Univerfity of Cambridge,
and to do his other necejfary Jffairs in that Kingdom; he got very
ample Tefiimonials from the JJJembly of his Life, DoSirine and Ufe-
ftilnefs, and was by them recommended to all to whom he fiould come-,
they limited his abode in England to the Meeting of the next General
e^jfembljjune 25.
This Jame General JJfembly being informed., that fome worthy and
learned Divines in England were projecuted by the Bijhops, hecaife they
refufed to ufe the Habits appointed by Law to be ufed by Church-men.^
caufed a Letter to be cvritten and lent by Mr. Knox, wherein they with
great Earnejlnefs entreated that they might deal gently with fuch Mi-
nifters as fcrupled concerning the Ule of thefe Veftments. This Letter is
puUiJJjed by SiJIjop Spotfwood in his Hiftoryy and in the Hijiory of the
Troubles at Francfort, as alfo by Mr. Strype in his Life of Archhi"
Jljop Parker J it is likewije to be found in the Regijier of the General
Jjfcmbly, fo that there is no Occafion for inferting it here:, the Letter.
itfelffeems to have been penned by Mr. Knox, as is affirmed in the ^th
Book of the Hijiory, where we ham alfo a Copy of the JJfembly s.
Letter.
In the Tear 15(57, July 29. Mr. Knox preached a Sermon at the CorO',
nation of King James VI. of Scotland, and afterwards I. of Great Bri-
tain. This Sermon is commended by Buchanan in his Hifioty, who no
doubt heard it, and could well judge of the Beauties of fuch a Ter-
formance j after this Sermon the Superintendents of Lothian, Angus*
and Bijhop of Orkney fet the Crown on his Head, the Earl of Morton
and Lord Hume took the Coronation Oath in his Name.
This Tear is very remarkable, upon the Account of the great Turn
of Jffairs in Scotland by the Demijjion of the Government by f^vteen
Mary, and the conjlituting the Earl of Murray Regent, who held a
Parliament, which began upon the 15. of December ^ this -was a itery
numerous Convention of all the Efiates^ as appears from authentick
Lijis of the Members of it^ which I havefeen. Mr. Knox preached a
zealous Sermon at the opening of it -, in this Parliament the ConfeJ/ion
of Faith before ratified anno 1560, wai of new confirmed, and mcnty 0^
thet JSfs made for Confirmation of the reformed Religion,
In
V
The Life of the Author. xxxi
In the Tear 1S69, Mr. Knox was in cxtream yfffli&ion upon account
of th^ Murder of the Earl of Murray Regent, zvhich fell out Junuary
23. 1569; he apprehended that the Inter eft of Religion was expofd to
the utmofi Danger by his Fall, and exprejjed himjcif with great Con-
cern upon that Jccount both in puhjick and private. I have f'een a Form
of Prayer compofed bj him upon this E-vent, tif.v'ch Mr. CaldcrwooJ
has preferred, zchich Jhows his genuine Sentiments of this Matter.
His deep Concern for this and f'everal other Things which he looked-
upon as Pre/ages of great Calamity to the ProtefiantCaufe,are extream-
ly well expreffed by Mr. Smcton in his Anfjoer to Mr. Archibald Ha-
niiltonV Dialogue, Dc confufione CaJvinianx fcdx apud Scotos, p. 116.
Poll multos & pene infinitos Jaborcs, quos vir Dei patienter & conftanter
pro Dei gloria proriiOvenda, & evangelio Chrilti propagando pertulit,
tradus paulatim cepit imbeciliori efle corporc, cum incredibilis tamen
animi perfpicacia & folertia, non imminucretur ant langucfceret : Sed
tjiiod mirum omnibus fait, fua quotidic caperet incrcmenta j ad labores
acccfferunt multa alia, qua: fic pii viri pectus exulcc-arunt, at totus in
mcditationibus, lachrymis Scfulpiriis marcefceret, nam anno Dom. 1569
O&avo cal. Februarii jacobus Stuardiis, frlicis mcmorix prorcx, orna-
mcntum & lumen hujus nationis, quo nullus nnquam extitit aut religi-
onis obfervantior, ant amantior a:qui, perditiffimi ncbnlonis ^acobi Ha-
miltonii pioditione, qui fibi & toti fere illi genti exitium attulit, propter
pcccata noftra, qux multa & magna fuerunt, e medio fublatus eft : Hie
cuQi propter veram pietatem, & integritatem morum K'wxio imprimis
char'is fuiflct, dici non potefl; quantum ad mortem illuftris viri indoluit:
Vidit enim, quje anguftijc, qux turbx, quae mala in moefta, & multum
31m lugente rep. hoc facinus client conlecutura: Q.ux res fxpius in
animum incurrens eum vehcmentcr aflfecit, vcrfavit, & torfit : Adde
quod CO etiam tempore prxterquam quod late gralTabatur impietas,
quam illc Temper fortiter oppugnabat, cxperunt etiam ii qui prius de re-
ligione bene meriti videbantur, paulatim deficere, regiam audoritatem
labetadare, nefariorum fcclcrum patrocinium fufcipere,adeoque & remp.
ipfamquc religionem in fummum difcrimen adducere, quo quid acer-
bius pio pedori obtingere potuit ?
There is a remarkable Pajfage told by BifJjop Spotifwood in his Hi'
Jlory, id Edit. pag. 2 34. upon the Occafion of the Murder of this Re-
gent; and hecaufe it relates to Mr. Knox, Ifhall give it intire m the
Bijhofs ozvn Words.
There fell out the next Day after his Death, a Thing which I
thought was not to be palled : He was killed en the Saturday, and
died ( as I have faid ) a little before Midnight; The Word of his
Death coming to £,dinburgh, Thomas Maitland, a younger Brother of
Zethington (this is he whom'Buchanan makes his Collocutor in the Di-
alogue de jure Regni ) knowing what Efteem yohn Knox made ot tho
Regent, and loving none of the two, caufed a writing to be laid in
the Pulpit where ^ohn Knox was that Day to preach, to this Senfe,
and almoft in the fame Words, Take up the Man, whom you account-
ed another God, and confider the End whereto his Ambition hath
brought him. John Knox finding the Paper, and taking it to be a Me-
{norial for reccHnmcnding feme lick Perfons in his Prayers, after he had
{h 2) read
xxxii The Life of the Author.
read the fame, laid it by, nothing, as it feems, commoved therewith ;
yet in the End of the Sermon tailing to regrate the Lofs that the^
Church and Commonwealth had received by the Death of the Regent,
and (hewing how God did often, for the Sins of the People take away,
good Rulers and Governors. I perceive, faid he, albeit this be an Ac-
cident we fliould all take to Heart, there be fome that rejoice in this
wicked Fad, making it the Subjefit of their Mirth, among whom there
is one that hath caufed a writing to be caft in this Place, inlulting
upon this, which is all good Mens Sorrow. This wicked Man, whofo-
ever he be, fliall not go unpuniflied, and ihall die where none (hall be
to lament him. The Gentleman was himfelf prefent at Sermon, and
being come to the Lodging, asked his Sifter, who was alfo there, i£
(he did not think John Knox was raving to fpeak fo of the Man he
knew not : But flie weeping faid. That (he was lorry he had not fol-
lowed her Council^ for (he had diffwaded him from that doing; none
of this Man's Denunciations, faid llie, are wont to prove idle, but
have their own Effed. Shortly after the Troubles of the Country
increafing, the Gentleman betook himfelf to travel, and paflfing into
Jtaly^ died there, having no known Perfon to attend him : This I
thought not unworthy of Record, being informed thereof by the
Gentleman's Sifter, to whom thefc Speeches were uttered, and who was
privy to the whole Purpofe, for an Advertifement to all Perfons not to
make a light Account of the Threatnings of God's Servants. The
Gentleman was otherwife a Youth of great Hopes, learned and cour-
teous, but mifcarried with AfFe<ftion, and not to be excufed in this, that
he took Pleafure in the Fall of him whom he judged an Enemy j an
Thing inhumane, and abhored of the very Heathen.
From this Pajfage if is evident, that Mr. Knox was in very great
'Efteem, and that he was reputed to be endued with an extraordinU'
ry Faculty of predicting Things to come.
In the Tear 15 71 /^e Hamiltons, and others tvho had entred into
a Combination to oppofe the Government of the lEarl of Lennox, be-
gan to fortify the Town of Edinburgh agaitift him. And having the
Laird of Grange, Captain of the Caflk of Edinburgh, of their Tar-
ty, they held a Council in the Cajile upon the ^th of May; the
Captain at this Meeting defired, that they might give Security for the
Safety of Mr. Knox'/ Terfon^ which was a Thing much defired by the
mofl con/ideraile Inhabitants of the Town of Edinburgh ; the Hamiltons
anfwered, that they could not prolnife him Security upon their Honour Sy
becaiife there zvas many Rafcals, and others in the Town, who loved
hitn not, and might do him Harm without their Knowledge. W^^^^
Mr. Knox'/ Friends found Matters in this State, and that no Good
was defigned by that Party againji himy Mr. Craig his Colleague., and
the moft valuable Inhabitants of the Town, came to him, and intreat-
ed him in the Name of the Lord, to leave the Tawny becaufe of the
danger he was in ; he at firfi peremptorily refufed to leave them, and.
none of their Arguments could move him, until they told him, that
This continuing in the Town might very probably be the Occafion of
fijedding much innocent ^lood; for his Friends loould never fee him
Suffer any Harm without iifing their Endeavours to defend hinit and
the
The Life of the Author. xxxiii
the contrary FaGion being ftrongefi in the Totvn at pre/nt, they
doubted if thfj Jhoii/d be able to reft ft them; therefore they bejoight
kirn to remoce, both for his ozvn Sake and their-j. Being thui eat::eft-
ij- deftred^ he left the 2'o'jcn^ May s^h, and tcent to Abl orfhall ?« Fife,
and from thence to St. Andrews, tvhere he remained till the 23. of
AugoP- 1572, as ive fiall fee aftcncards.
In the Tear 1572 fhere was a Convention of the Minivers at leith
in tahich it was agreed unto, that a certain kind of EyKco^ac^ jjjc,;,/}
he introduced into the Church. The BiJhopS', tvho came in by Virtue of
this Contention tvere called Tnkhan Bilhops, the Word Tutchan in the
Irilh Language fignifjivg the Skin of a Calf fufed zvith Strazv, to
make the /Appearance of a living Calf^ which Device was tfed in the
Highlands 0/ Scotland, that the Cows might eafily juld thiir Mik^
zvhtch thef^ did not withoit a great Struggle when their Calves were ta'
ken jrom them ; from this Cufiom the Bijhops now introduced were cal-
led Tulchan, becaufe, although the Courtiers had got the far greater
Part of the Revenues of the Bifloopricks^ yet they cot: Id not ^ct a co-
lourable Title to thefe Rents as the Law then flood., except thij had
a Conveyance from, thofe who had the Title of Bifljops ; Jar this Rea-
fott it was thought a good T^xpedient by the great Men., who had a
great Dcfre to enjoy the Profits of the Bifloopricks., that this Sort of
Bifhops Jlould he brought into the Church., and indeed all of them by
Ctrtain PaUlions conveyed the far greater Tart of the Revenues to their
Patrons, referving a very fmallT art to themfelves. lloe Earl oflAor-
ton had got the JrchbiJJjoprick of St. Andrews, /or his Share, and de-
Jigned that Mr.]ohn Doa^^las Re&or of theUniverftty of St. Andrews,
a Perjon in whom he had intire Confidence, fJoould 'be eledled Jrchbi-
fjopifor this Purpoje the EleElors were conveened, February 8. 1571,
where there was feme Oppofition made to Mr. Douglas'/ Ele&ion, but
at length he carried it. Mr. Knox heing in ^S"?. Andrews at tha Time^
ioas much difpleajed with this EltdJion, and the next Lord's Lay be-
ing to preach in the lorenoon, where the Earl of Morton was pre-
fent., peremptorily refufed to inaugurate and receive the nezv- elected
B'fJjopy yea, he puhlickly denounced an Anathema both to the Giver
and Receiver of this Bijhoprick. Notwithftanding of this Oppofition
Mr. Douglas was admitted y^rchbijhop, accoraing to the Order jor ad^
mitting Superintendents and Minifters ; Jor they had not as yet framed
any particular Form for admitting BiJJ^ops. Mr. John Rutherfoord,
Provofi of the old College of St. Andrews, and Mtjficurs Archibald and
JohnHamiltons ProfeJ)'ors in the new College, /pre ad a Report nextWteky
that Mr. KnoxV Oppofition to the Eh8ion of the Btfloop proceeded from.
Vifplealure that he was not ele^ed himfelf. When he heard this, he vin-
dicated himfelf puhlickly from the Tulpit next Lord's Vay to this Pur-
ofe. I have refufed a far greater Biftioprick than ever it was, which
might have had with the Favour of greater Men than ever he had
his; I did and do repine not from Malecontent, but for the Difchargd
of my Confcience, that the Kirk of Scotland be not fubjcct to that
Order. This feems to relate to the Offer of a BJpoprick in England
made to hitn m King Edward VI.V Timet as Ib^ore took Notice.
iO Tkf
f
xxxiv The Life of the Author.
The Troubles of the Country being much abated, and the People of
Tozvn of Edinburgh, who had been obliged to lea<ve it, being return-
edy they fent two of their Number, viz. NicolEd«vard and]o\\n John-
fton Scrihi to St. Andrews, to incite Mr. Knox to return to them, and
to feek his Advice as to the Choice of another Minifier to ajjift hivu
They were exceedingly difpleafed zvith the ConduS of Mr. John Craig
during the Time of the Troubles, toho had made too sr eat Compliafi-
ces mth thqfe who appeared againji the Authority of the young King
and his Regents, and were unwilling any longer to fubmit to his Mi--
nijlry. The Inhabitants of Edinburgh Jent along with their Comnif'
fioners the following Letter.
The Comfort of the Holy Spirit for Salutation. Of thereftoring of us
undeferved of our God into our Town, we believe ye are not igno-
rant; and yet we cannot excufe our Sloiith, that we have not as yet
advertifed you thereof, being troubled to obtain that Liberty which
we had before our Departing therefrae, wherein of yet we are occu-
pied, was and is the Caufe of our Slacknefs, which we doubt not ye
will accept in good Part. Our Eftate at prefent in that Thing which
to tis at prefent is rnoft dear, is, that Miniflers may be had : Of whom,
for the prefent, we are dcftitute, you only excepted, movcth as more
than any other Thing; and for that Purpofe, and for treating of fuch
other Things as concern the State of the Kirk, we diredcd the Bear-
ers to the Affembly at St.J<ihn/hun, who will certify you of their An-
Iwer which they have received : But becaufe you are he to whom wo
are married, under God, we would crave, and crave of God, i^ Habi-
lity of your Perfon might fuftain Travel, that once again your Voice
might ha heard among us, and that Thing reformed, which fomeTime'
by you was planted among us. Loath arc we to diftrefs or hurt your
Perfon anywife, and far loather to want you, we being joined toge-
ther in Love by God, and knowing your Care to be no lefs for us than
it hatli been heretofore. We refer your returning to yourfelf and yottr
Judgment; but if it may ftand with your Will, we defire the fame mofl:
earneftly. And knowing the Sufficiency of the Bearers, who will declare
our Mind to you at great Length, wherein ye (hall give them Credit,
We commit you to the Prote(ition of the Eternal. <)S £t^inhugh the
4th of Auguft 1S72.
Your Brethren and Children in God, with their Ka.mes
fubfciibed with their own Hands.
The Superintendent of Lothian was zvith them when they pre/ented
this Letter. When Mr. Knox had read it, he condefcended to return, upon
this Condition.^ that he Jhould not be de fired in any fort to ceafe .tofpeah
againfi the treafonabje Dealings of thefe who keeped out the Caflle of,
Edinburgh, and he defired them to fignify this to the whole brethren,
left they repent afterwards of his Aujterity againji thqfe in the Caftky
or fear to be treated the worfe on his Account; and when he returned, he:
cnce and again repeated the/e Words to the Brethren there, before h$.
entered the Pulpit-, phey mifwered, that tke.y fiever meaneApo put j^i
bridle OH his Tongue, but defired him to jfeak according to his .iSp^.-"
eucCf as informer jtimes -, they d^ired alfo that he might give them his
Adi'icf
The Life of the Author. xxxv
yldvice^ as to the Choice of a Minijier. yind after Come Reafoningy they
agreed upon Mr. James Lawfon, Sub-principal of the King's College of
Aberdeen.
Mr. Knox left St. Andrews, Aiiguft 17/^, and came to Lcith on the
23^. Upon the laft Day of that Month, he preached in the Great Ki'ki
lut his Voice was become very weak, and therefore he defired another
place to teach in^ wherein his Voice might be heard, if it acre but to an
hundred Terfons-, lohich "Jias granted.
Immediately after this JgrcemcnttCommifJioners toere Jem to Mr. Lav/*
fon ^f Aberdeen, zc/r/j whom AM Knox wrote the following Letter to hint.
Uelovcd Brother, feeing God of his Mercy, far above my Expedati-
on, hath called mc onco again to Edinburgh, and yet I feel Nature fo
decayed, and dailv to decay, that I look not for a long Continuance of
.jiiy Battle, I would gladly once difcharge my Confciencc unto your
■■Bofom, and into the Bofom of others, in whom I think the fear of God
rcmaincth. If I had the Ability of Body, I fhoold not have put you to
the pains to which I require you now, that is once to vifit me, that
•we may confer together of heavenly Things, for in Earth there is no
Stability, exc'cpt theKirk of Jefus Chrift, ever fighting under the Crofs,
to whole Protedion I heartily commit you. From Edinburgh 'jth of
September 1572. Accelcra mi Fratcr, alioqui fero vcnies.
Mr. Lawfon came to Edinburgh, September 15th, and preached upon
the Friday thereafter, to the great Satisfadfion of the People, and con^
tinned preaching until he was admitted to the Charge of th: holy Mini-
ftry in Edinburgh ; Mr. Knox preached in the Tolbooth as long as he
■had (irength of Body.
About the \ith 0/ September 1572, Jiir. Killigrew, Jmbajfador from
'^ueen Elizabeth, came to Edinburgh, and brought with him the lament-
able Account of the barbarous MaJJhcre of the Proteftants in Paris. This
^ery much funk 3ir. Knox, and impaired his Health exceedingly-, all
the Minifters 0/ Edinburgh exprejfed their Jbhorrence and Letefi'ation of
■this llo'ody' Butchery of their Protefiant Brethren, particularly Mr.
Knox, who in his Sermmt faid. Sentence is pronounced in Scotland a-
•gaintt that Murderer the King ok France, and God's Vengeance Ihall
«evcr depart from him, nor his Houfe ; but that his Name fhall remain
in Execration to Poflerity to come, and none that (hall come of his Loins,
ihall cnjo)/ that Kingdom in Peace and Quietnefs, unlefs Repentance pre-
sent Goo's Judgments. He defired to tell the French Jmbajfador then
in Edinburgh what he had faid; the Jmbaffador, Monfieur la Crocque
■fipplied to the Recent and Council, and complained that his Mafler
zvas ceiled a Traitor and Murderer of his Subjefis, under a Promife and
'^ruji, and dtfired that an Edict might be publifJjed, difcharging the
Sulje^s r/ Scotland to /peak any Thing to the Dijhonour of his Mafler,
tjfecially the Mintjiers in their Sermons. This tvas waved by the Council,
:nnJthe/iinbaffsdor zvas told, that they could not hinder the Minijiers
from fpeakm^ ^gainji themjehes.
^-^pon the Lord's Day November pth. 1572, 3/r. Lawfon was admit-
ted a Minifkr of Edinburgh, by Mr. Knox. His Voice was fo weak,
that very fha heard him; he declared the Duty of a Mimfierto his Peo-
fie, and the Duty of a People to their Minifier, he praifed Gad that had
r- . , ( i 2) given
xxxvi The Life of the Author.
given them a Minijier in his Room-, who tvas now imahk to teach-, and de-
fired that God might augment his Graces to him-, a thoufand Fold a-
hove that tvhich he hady if it were his Pka/urej and Jo ended viith pro-
nouncing the Blejfmg.
From this Time forth Mr. Knox fen/ibly decayed in Strength and
haftned to his End. Upon the nth. of November he ivas feized with a
violent Cough, and great Tains of Body Jo that upon the 1 3th, he ivas
obliged to give over his ordinary reading of the Scriptures-, for it was his
Cuftom every Day to read fame Chapters of the Old and New Tejlament
in his Family^ together with fome Pfalms.
I think it of conjiderable Moment to give a diJlinB y^ccount of the
la[i I/ours of this great Man. Mr. Seton, in theTreatife before atedt
gives a very good Account of this Matter ^ from an Ear and Eye Wn-
iitfs-, which is very well worthy theferious Perufal. The Re-oerend Mr.
Robert Fleming, late Mhiifier at London, in his Preface prefixed to his
pra&ical Lifcourfe-^ occaftoned by the Death of King William, London
I'joiy fays. That the whole of this Account deferves to be written in
Letters of Gold. From this and fome other Vouchers^ BifJiop Spotif-
wood gives a pretty full Account of his Sicknefs and Death ; but becavfe
hoth thefe are in the Hands of many-, and that the indujirious and learn-
ed Mr. David Calderwood has in his large Manufcript Hijiorj-, given
a much fuller Account of his laii Moments, than any of thefe Authors,
and that he had excdlent Opportunities to know more of him than any
other Perfony being pojfeffed of all Mr. KnoxV Tapers., and that this
Manufcript Hiftory is in very few Hands .- Ifhall prefume to copy what
he has left us, concerning Mr. KnoxV lafi Sicknefs and Deaths in his
own Wordsy which follow.
Upon Friday the 14;?/;. o( November., Mr. Knox arofe, befide his ac-^
caftomed Diet, and yet when he was rifen, he could fcarce fit on a
Stool- Being demanded what he would do when he was out of his Bed
he faid he would go to the Kiik and preach, taking it tor the Lord's,
Day, adding, that he had been meditating all that Night upon the Re-
furredion of Chrift, which was the Subje<Jl which followed next after
the Death of Chrift, which he had been preaching upon the former
Lord's Day. Often and many Times he defired through his Life, that
he might end his Days in the Teaching and Meditations of the Suffer-
ings, Death and Refurre(5tion of Chrift, and his Dcfire was granted
him. Perceiving his Miftake, he defired the Elders and Deacons,
Members of his Sefllon might be fent for, that he might take his laft
Farewel of them, as he had done of his People at Mr. Eawfon's Or-
dination, when he told them he would never enter into that Place a-
gain. Upon the Lord's Day November i6th he keeped his Bed, and
would take no Meat, fuppofing it had been the firft Sabbath of the
Faft, which was appointed, till the Laird of Braid, who was fitting at
his Bed-fide, called him to Remembrancci and caufed him to take a
little Meat.
Upon Monday the 17//:? the Elders and Deacons of hisSeffion came
to him, and in his Difcourfe to them he protefted to them, that he had
taught nothing, but true and found Dodrine, beating down by the
Threatnings of God's Judgments the Proud and Stubborn, and raifing up
and
The Life of the A u t h o r. xxKvii
and conforting tlic troabled Confcienccs, by thcPromifcs of God's Mer-
cies ; and how fevere foovcr lie was againft any Man, it was not lor
Hatred of his Pcrlort, but only to beat down in them their V'ce, and
that in them, which rebelled aguinft God, which God would not leave
nnpuniOied, and for Difchargc oi his Confcience before God.' And
that he made not Merchandize of the Word of God, whole Mi:flage
he bore, and to whom he mud make an Account for the fame ; in
refpc6l wher&of, albeit he was but a weak and unworthy Creature
an 1 a fearful Man, he feared not the Faces of Men ; therefore he
exhorted them to ftand confl:atlt in the Dodrine, which they had
heard of his Mou*:h, how un Worthy foever he was, and 'villcd them
never to join with wicked Doers, e(f)ecia!ly with the Caft'c of ^<^/«-
burgh, it remaining in the Stare wherein now it is, whom he adured
them God would confound both in Body and Soul, if they repented
not; and altho' they ihould triumph in this World, yet he belbught
them never to meddle with that Faction, but rather choifc with Da-
V'ci to flee to the Mountains, than to remain in the Company of the
Wicked. As to theS-Verity he had uled againfl the Laird of Grange
with whom he had been fo familiar, he faidy It was only to brino him'
to ackivjwiedge his fliamefu) Declining, that thereby he mi^ht" turn
to Repentance j and willed Mr. David Lindfaj and Mr. ^ames Lav:-
fon then prefen?, to fignifie to him, that jFohnKnox, now going to die,
was the fame Man as he was before, when able of Body; and to will
him to confider his own State, wherein he now flandeth.
Asfoi Anfwer to the Secretary Lethingtouns Bill given into the Sef-
fion, he delircd all Men to confider his, and the Works of the refi
which teltified they denied there was any God, or Heaven or HelJ*
wherein Vertue (hould be rewarded, or Vice puniflied; that it was not
Education, that brought a Man to be a true Cliriltian, nor brought a
Man to the true Knowledge, and Fear of God, but the iJlumination of
the Soul by God s Spirit ; for who was better brought up, than Julian
the Apoftatc, and fundry others. As for the Nomination of the Ke-
porters, which the Bill required, he refufed,- howbeit he could very
well have done it. As to that Part of the Bill, wherein it is fliid, That
Mr. Knox tvas a Man fubjeUf to Vanity^ and all are not Oracles -, he
conieffed he was but a moft Vile Creature, and a wretched Mm, 'yet
the Words he had fpoken fliould be found to be as true as the Oracles'
which have been uttered By any of the Servants of God before ; for
he had faid nothing, but that whereof he had Warrant out of the
Word, to wit. That the Juftice of God fliou d never be fatisfied, till
the Blood of the Shedders of innocent Blood were Ihed again, or God
moved them to unfeigned Repentance. And he caufed read the Ninth
Pfalm. Farther he added, that the Secretary was the chief Author of
all the Troubles raifcd, both in I^ngland Si^di Scotland; fo with Ex-
hortation to them, he commended them to God. Aft«r Prayer was
ended, they parted from him with many Tears.
After this Speech his Infirmity increafed j for he never fpoke almoft
but with great Pain, and yet feu' came to him, to whom he gave not
fome Admonition and Exhortation. Mr. David Lindfay reported
jvhat follows to diverfe. One Time when he came to viht Mr. KnoXi
W he
xxxviii The Life of the Author.
he asked him how he did ? He anfwered, Well Brother, I thank
God, I have defired all this Day to have had you, that I might fend
yon yet to yon Man in the Caftle, whom you know I have loved fo
dearly j go I pray you, and tell him, that I have fent you to him yet
once to warn him, and bid him, in the Name of God, leave that e-
vil Courfe, and leave the Caftle; and if not, that he fiiall be brought
down over the Walls with Shame, and hang againft the Sun ; fo God
hath aflured me. Mr. T>avid thought the MefTage hard, yet Mr. Kitox
prcfling him, he went to the Caftle, and met firft with Sir Robert Mel-
vil walking on the Wall, and told him what was his Errand, who,
as he thought, was much moved with the Matter. Thereafter he com-
muned with Grange the Captain, whom he thought alfo fomewhat mo-
ved j the Captain went from him to Secretary Lethingtoun.yViV.h. whom
after he had conferred a little, he returned to Mr. Lindlay., and faid/
Go tell Mr. Knox he is but a dr — ng Trophet. Mr. David returned to^
Mr. Knox, and reported how he had difcharged his Commiflion, and
that it was not very well accepted of the Captain, atter he had confer-
red with the Secretary. Well, lays Mr. Knoxj I have been earneft
with my God anent thefe two Men ; for the one. Grange, I am forry
that fo it (hould bcfal him, yet God affureth me, there is Mercy for
his Soul : For the other I have no Warrant, that ever he fliall be well.
Mr. David thought, that he fpoke hard, yet laid it up in his Mind,
till Mr, Knox was at Reft with God, and found the Truth of that
which he had fpoken, within a little after.
Mr. Knox before his Sicknefs had commanded his Wife and his Ser-
vant Richard BanantjnetthsLt when God fliould vifit him with Sicknefs,
and he was not able to read himfelf, one of them fliould read to him,
the xvii. Chapter of ^o^/z, a Chapter of the Epiftle to the £phefianSy
and the liii. Chapter of Ifaiahy which was done: Few or no Hours of
the Day pafTed, wherein fomewhat was not read, as he appointed ; fome-
times Calvin's Sermons upon the ^'phefans were read in French. One
Time when reading them, and they fuppofing him to be afleep, asked
him if he heard? He anfwered, I hear, and I praifeGod, I underftand
far better: Thefe Words he uttered again, about four Hours before he
expired.
The Earl of Morton, Lord Boyd, and the Laird of Drtmlanrig canm
to vifit him, on JVednefday the 19. To the Earl Mr. Knox was heard
to fay, JMy Lord, God hath given you many Bleflings, he hath given
you Wifdom, Riches, many good and great Friends, and is now to
prefer you to the Government of this Realm- in bis Name I charge yon,
that you ufe thefe Bleflings right, and better in Time to come, than
you have done in Time paftj in all your Adions feek firft the Glory of
God, the Furtherance of the GofpeJ, the Maintenance of his Church,
and the Miniftry ; and next be carefiil of the King, to procure his Good,
and the Welfare of the Realm; if you do this, God fhall be with you,
and honour you ; if otherwife you do it not, he Ihall deprive you of
all thefe Benefits, and your End (hall be Shame and Ignominy. Thefe
Words the Earl nine Years after, at the Time of his Execution, cab-
led to Mind, faying he found them to be true, and Mr. KnoK there-
in a Prophet.
Next
The Life of the A u t h o r. xxxix
Next Lord's_ Diiy my Lord Lindfqy, and fcvcral other Gentlemen*
came to vifit him : He exhorted them to continue in the Truth, and to
have no Dcahng with that damnable Houfe of theCaftle of Edinburgh.
The Lord Riah'-Jdh when he came to vifit him, faid. Sir, if there be'
any Thing I am able to do for you, I pray you charge me with it. Mr.
Kuox anfwercd, I am now beyond all the Pleafurc and Friendfliip of
the World. The Earl of Glencairn vifitcd him often, and fo did ma-
ny Barons and Gentlemen. A Gentlewoman fearing God, defired him
to praifc God, for the Good he had been enabled to do, and be^an to
Ipeak of his Ufcfulnefs. He anfwered, Tongue, Tongue, Lady,^FIcni
of itfelf istoo proud, and ncedeth no Means to cfiecm itfelf,- he pro-
tefted he did on/y claim the free Mercy of God in Chrift, and willed
her never to pufF up the FJefti, which of itfelf was too proud, and rea-
dy to do this, without any other Provocation. He exhorted her to
Humility, and to caft away ff inking Pride,- and put her in Remem-
brance of what a Woman had laid to her long ago, Lady, Lady The
black Ox hath never trod upon your Foot.
Upon the Lord's Day the 23, which was the firft Sabbath of the
Faft, in the Time of the Afternoon's Sermon, none being prefent but
fuch as waited on him, after Mr. Knox had lien a long Space very
quiet, as they thought, he faid. If any be prefent, let them come, and
fee the Work of God ; for he thought to have departed, as they judg-
ed; and his Servant Richard Banantyne lent for John Johnjion ; Mr.
iCnox broke out in thcfe Words, Thefe two laft Nights, I have been in
Meditation, for the troubled Kirk of God, defpifed in the World, but
precious in his Sight ; I have called to God for it, and commended it
to Chrift her Head ; I have been fighting againft Satan, who is ever
ready to affaulti I have fought againft fpiritual WickedncfTes, and have
prevailed ; I have been in Heaven, where prcfently I am to be, and
tafted of the heavenly Joys. Thereafter he faid the Lord's Prayer, and
the Belief, with a Paraphrafe on every Petition and Article ,• when
he was faying, Our Father which is in Heaoen^ he added, who can
pronounce fo holy Words, (jc. Many came to vifit him after Sermon ,•
ibme ptrcciving his Breath to be fhortned, asked if he had any Pain \
He anfwered, I have no more Pain, than he that is now in Heaven and
am content to ly here fcven Years, if fo it fhall pleafe God. He faid
often, Live in Chrift, and let never Flefli fear Death. When he was
lying, as it was fuppofed faff alleep, he was at his Meditations, and
would burft forth in thefe Speeches, or the like, Lord grant us the
right and perfetl Hatred of Sin : Lord grant true Paffors to thy Kirk,
that Purity of Dodrine may be retained : Lord reftore Peace again to
this Common- wealth, with godly Rulers andMagiftratcs: Lord make
an 3End of Troubles : Lord, I commend my Soul and Body into thy
Hands.
That Night, about nine of the Cloc^, Dr. Tre/ion came to him, and
fisked how he did^ Mr. Knox anfwered, I have been tempted by Sa-
tan, and when he perceived he could not prevail, he tempted me to
tnrft, and rejoice in myfelf, and to boaft i but I repulfed him with this
Sentence, (luld habes rquod non accepijii f
{k 2) Upon
xl TheLife of the Author.
upon Monday November 24, he rofe about $> or 10 Hours, and yet
was not able to ftand alone ; he put on his Hofe and Doublet, and fat
in a Chair the Spate of half an Hour, and then went to his Bed a-
gain J being asked by the Good-man of Kingzeandeugh^ if he had
any Pain ? He anfwered. No great Pain, but fuch as I truft will put
an End to this Battle: And faid to him, I muft leave the Care of my
Wife and Children to you, to whom you muft be an Husband in my
Room. In the Afternoon he caufed his Wife read to him, the xv.
Chap, of the i Epiftle to the Corinthians i and when it was ended, he
faid, Is not that a moft comfortable Chapter? Within a little, he faid,
I commend my Soul, Spirit and Body, pointing up his three Fingers,
into thy Hands, O Lord. About 5 of the CJo k, he faid to his Wife,
Go read where I caft my firft Anchor -, and fo (he read the xvii. of ^ohn^
ahvl after that fome Sermons of Mr. Cahin upon the Ephefians. A-
bout half an Hour to Ten, they went to the ordinary Prayer, which be-
ing ended. Dr. frejion faid. Sir, heard ye the Prayer? Mr. Knox an-
fw^ercd, I would to God ye and all Men heard as I heard j I praife
God for that heavenly Sound. Then Robert Campbell o- Kingzean^,
ckugh fat down before him on a Stoolj and incontinent he laid. Now
it is come ; for he had given a long Sigh and Sob. Then faid Richard
£atiantjne his Servant, Now Sir, the Time ye have long called to
God for is come, to wit, an End of your Battles j and iteing all natu-
ral Powers now fail, give us fome Sign, that ye remember upon the
comfortable Promifes, which ye have often (hewed unto us. Mr.
Knox hfted up his one Hand, and incontinent thereafter rendered his
Spirit.
On this Manner departed this Man of God, the Light and Comfort
of our Kirk, a Mirrour of Godlinefs, a Pattern to Minifters, for the
holy Life, Soundnels of Do(5lrine, and Boldnefs in reproving Vice.
He had a mighty Spirit of Judgment and Wifdom ; that Tronble
came never to the Kirk, after his Entry in publick Preachings but he
forefaw the End thereof. Many Things he did foretel ( as hath been
noticed in their Places) I add now that he foretold the Qiieen, that
becaufe Ihe would not come and hear the Word, (he (hould be com-
pelled to hear it, nill (he will (he^ and fo (he was at her Arraignment,
And to her Husband the King he laid. Have ye, for the Pleafure of that
Dame, caft the F/alm 'Book into the Fire ? The Lord (hall ftrike both
Head and Tail. Beza calleth him the Apoftle of the^SVo/^j-j and com-
prehendeth all his Praile in few Words, when he calleth him in his Ico-
neSi the great Mr. Knox.
This the yfccoimt the learned and indijirious Mr. David Calderwood
gi<ves us of Mr. KnoxV laft Sicknefs and "Death-, the Circumjiancei of
vjhich he had the beji Opportunities to be informed ofy both from many
Terfons alive in his Timey. tvho knew him^ and liketvi/e from his own
Writings-, which were in his Hands : The material Parage sin thisJc
count agree fo well with the Narratives given us by JSiJhopSpotiiwood^
^Mr. Smeton, Melchior Adamus, and Mr. David Buchanan, that there
is veiy little Room left to doubt of them. Ifhall fubjoin what he fat'
ther adds, concerning Mr. Knox in thefe Words,
The Life of the A u t h o r. xli
Upon Wednefday the 26. of Noremhr-, Mr. /Cno.v was buried in the
Kirk-yard of St. Giles, being conveyed by the Eafl of Morton, that
Day ehofcn Regent, and other Lords, who were in Town at thatTimCi
when bcinp laid in the Grave, the Earl of Morton faid, There lies
ft Man, who in his Life never feared the Face of a Man, who hath
been often threatncd with Dag and Dagger ; but yet hath ended his
Days in Peace and Honour ; for he had God's Providence watching o-
vcr him in a fpccial Manner, when his very Life was fought. I can-
not ( adds Mr. Calderweod) pafs by one remarkable Sign of God's fin-
onlar Care towards himj it was his Cuftom to fit at the Table-head
in his own Houfe, with his Back to a Window -, yet upon a certain
Night he lat on the Side of the Table, when a EJullet was fhot in at the
Window, purpofely to kill hinij but the Confpirators miflcd him, and
the Bullet lighted on the Candleftick, and made an Hole in the Foot
of it, as is yet to be feen. Mr. Caldrcwood concludts his Jccount of
Mr. Knox with thef'c Verfes.
Scotortnn primum, te, Ecclefia, Cnoxe^ docentcm
Audiit, aulpiciis eftque reduda tuisj
Nam te, cceleftis pietas fnper omnia traxit,
Atque Reformatx Religionis amor.
It now remains, that I gi've an jiccount of Mr. KnoxV domefiic'k
1/4 fairs and Writings. He 'xas tzvice married, ift. 7'a Marjorie Bowes
an Englifli Woman. I noticed the Time of her 'Death, in this Narra-
tive ; but cannet find out the Time of his Marriage to her. Her Mo-
ther Mr is. Bowes appears from Mr. KnoxV Letters to her (hveral of
which ofFc Jiill prelerved) to have been a Per/on of great Knowkdge^
andjingular Piety ^ by this fir ft Wife he had two Sons Nathaniel and
Eleazer, of whom I got the following ylccoiints, hy the Fat'our of the-
learned and warthy Mr. Thomas Baker, S. T. B. lellow of St. JohnV
College in Cambridge lately deceaft, zvho, with a great Leal of Labour
and Indufiry, had made large CotkSfions from authentick MSS. for il-
lufirating the Hifiory of Britain .- This moji obliging Pcrlon communis
eated to me feveral Notes, concerning thefe two Sons of Mr. Knox.
From, which it appears. That Nathaniel and Eleazer Knoxs were
matriculated, in the Matriculation Book o( the Uni'-jerfity of Cam-
bridge, December id 1572.
That the faid Nathaniel was made Batchelor of Arts ^576, andMa-
fter of Arts 1 580, both which 'Degrees were conferred upon him by the
faid Univtrfity.^
That he was admitted Fellow of St. JohnV College in the faid Vni-
verjitjy An. Dom. 1577.
That he died. An. E)omini 1580.
Tljat the faid Elcazer Knox was made a Batchelor of Arts isil>l>)f
the faid Univerfitv.
7hat hg was admitted Fellow of St.]o\\v\s College there a2.March iS19'
That he was made Mofier of Arts, by the fere faid UnJztiftty 1581.
That he was one ef the Treachers emitted hy the Univerfity, An.'
Doou 1583.
' (/) That
xlii The Life of the Author.
That he was made Vicar 0/ Cladon-magna, 17. May 15*87 (New-
courtV Repcrtoiiam, Lond. Vol, 7d. P. 154J
That he was made JBatchelor in Lwinityi by the forefaid Uni'Derfity
of Cambridge i5'88.
That he died 1591, and was buried in the Chapel of St. JohnV Col-
lege in Cambridge.
Theje Particulars^ concerning Mr. Knox'i two Sons, were copied from
the Regijlers of tl.ic Univerfity of Cambridge, and of St. John's College
there, bj my zvorthy Friend Mr. Baker above mentioned^ and figned by
loim^ which I haoeJi'rU in my Cuftody for my Voucher.
I never could hear of any other Sons of Mr. Knox. Mr. Knox mar-
ried for his fecond Wife, Mris. Margaret Stewart 'Daughter to Andrew
JLord Ochiltrie, a zealous Promoter of the Reformation ,• he had by her
three Daughters, as appears from the Records of -the General Ajfem-
bl)>, March iS73i ^-^o continued the Tenfion, which Mr. Knox had
from the Kirk, to his Wife Margaret Stewart, and Mr. Knox'/ three
Daughters by her, who are f aid to be unprovided, for the Tear 15J3 :
The Penfion was 500 Merks Money, two Ch alders Wheats fix Ch al-
ders ^ear, and four Chalders Oats. This Favour is granted upon Ac-
count of the long and fruitful Travels made by Mr. Knox in the Kirk,
and for the Education and Support of his Wife and Children.
Whether he had any Daughters by his Jirfi Wife, I cannot certain-
ly determine ; but it is probable he had, from what follows : For one
of his 'Daughters was married to Mr. Robert Pont, Minifier of St. Cuth-
bertV, andforfome Time a Lord of Seffion: It is not probable, that his
Wife was of the fecond Marriage -, for no Doubt Mr. Pont was an old
Man, before any of that Marriage could be of Age.
Another of Mr. KnoxV Daughters was married to Mr. John Welffi;
Minifier of the Gofpel at Air, and athird to Mr. James Fleming, Mini-
fier of the Gofpel at Grandfather to the late Reverend Mr:
Robert Fleming, Minifier at London, ^^0' Mr. Robeit's Father was of
another Marriage. This is all I can gather, concerning Mr. KnoxV
Pofierity : His Widow married, for her fecond Husband^ Sir Andrew
Ker of Faudounfide.
I come now to give an Account of his Writins^s, and of the Works he
left behind him not publifJjed. His Works printed in the Time of his
Life, are as follow.
The fir ft Performance of his, which was printed was, A faithful Ad-
monition, made by him to the true Profejfors of the Gofpel of Chrijf,
within the Kingdom of England, 1554. It is reprinted both in the Fo-
lio and 4to. Editions of his Hifiory 1 644. and at the End of this.
2. He wrote a Letter to Mary Queen Regent o/Scotland iss6,^nd there-
after augmented it 1 5" 5 8. Of this I have given fome Account already ^ it
is alfo printed in the Folio and 4to. Editions of his Hifiory, and alfo in
this Edition. There is anZvo. Edition of it printed at Geneva, 1558.
3. That fame Tear 1558 was printed Geneva, The Appellation of
^ohn Knox, from the cruel and unjuft Sentence pronounced againft him,
by the falfe Bifliops and Clergy of Scotland, zvith his Supplication and
Exhortation to the Nobility, JEflates and Commonality of the fame Re-
alm. With this is printed an Admonition to England and Scotland, to
call
/
The Life of the Author. xliii
call them to Repentance^ written by Anthony Gilby, and Mr. Knox'j Ad-
certi/cmetit, concerning the Second Blaft of the Trumpet. Mr. KnoxV y^ppel-
lation to the Nobility and Commonality of Scotland ;/ printed with the Hi-
fiory 1644, in the Folio ^«^4to. Editionss andlikevcife in this Edition.
That fame Tear was printed^ The Firft Blall of the Trumpet, a-
gainft the monfiriious Regiment of fFomefty 8vo. 155-8. reprinted in this
Edition.
In the Tear 1559, hetorot ^/V brief Exhortation to England, for the
/peed}' Embracing of Chrift'^ Go/pel, heretofore by the Tyranny of Ma-
ry, hpprcff^d and baniJJjed j it is reprinted together with his Hifioryy
Edinburgh, 4to. 1644. alfoin this Edition,
In the Tear 1560 was printed at Geneva, Mr. KnoxV Anfwer to a
great Number of blafphemous Cavillations, written by an Anabaptili,
and Adverfary to God's eternal Fredefiination, by John Knox Mimjterof
God's Word in Scotland.
Mr. KnoxV next Performance may be reckoned. The Confcflion of
Faith, ratified by the Parliament i5'6o, in the compofing of which
Mr. Knox without Doubt had a principal Share. ' '
The firft Book of Difcipline a;<ij alfo in a great Meafiire owing to
Jjim , as alfo the Order of Jdmiffion of Snperintendants and MiniJierSy
and of Excommunication and Fafting; all which were approven by the
General /Iffembly.
ArchbifJjop Spotifwood informs us, That Mr. Knox made a Reply to
the Abbot of Crofragwcl V Faith or Catechifm. Mr. Knox himfelf tells
us in his ffifiory, that the Account of his Conference with this Abbot
was publifhed.
In the Tear 1566, his Sermon upon. Ifai. xxvi. 13, 17, hefore the
King, was publiJJjed, of which I have formerly taken Notice.
Mr. Knox alfo wrote an Anfwer to a Letter., written by James Tyrie a
yefuit, Edinburgh 1568. Mr. KnoxV Anfwer was publifljed ifyi.
■ / have heard of no more of Mr. KnoxV Works publiJJjed in his own
Time. The Chief of thofe he left behind him, is his Hifiory of the
Church, publiJJjed after his Death ; and becaufe there has been great
Controverfie concerning this took, IfJjall gather together all I have
found concerning it, in order to fet the matter in a clear Light.
The Jirji Mention I have feen concerning this Hijiory, is in a Letter
from Sir Thomas Randolf, Ambajfador from Ojiecn Elifabcth to Scot-
Jand, to Sir William Cicel, dated at Edinburgh 23. September 1560,
which I copied from the Original, in which Letter are thefe JVords. I
have tawlked at large with Mr. Knox concernynge hys Hyftorie. As
mykle as ys wrytten thereof (hall be fent to your Honour, at the com-
ynge oi the Lords Embafladors by Mr. John JVoode . He hath wryt-
ten only one Booke. If yow lyke that, he fliall contynue the fame, or
adde onie more. He fayethe. That he mud have farther Helpc, then
is to be had in thys Countrie for more allured Knouledge of Thyngs
pa0ed, then he hathe hymfelf,or can com bye here ; ytis a Worke not
to be neglefted, and greatly to be wyflied that yt fholde be well handled.
Frotn this Pajfage it is evident, that Mr. Knox in the Tear 1560
Jjadfnijheda Part of his Hifiory. From the Records of the General
Alfembly it appear Sy that he left an Hifiory of the Church behind him •,
(^2) for
xliv The Life of the A u t h o r.
for at the firji General JjfemUy after Mr. KnoxV Deathy his Semnt
Richard Banantyne, <:vho was his Amanuenfis, gave in the follomvg
Supplication.
Unto your Wifdoms humbly means and Ihows, I your Servitor Ri-
chard 'Banantyne-, Servant to your Unquhill moft dearefl; Brother
John Knox of worthy Memory; That where it is not unknown to
your Wifdoms, that he left to the Kirk and Town of Edinburgh his
Hiftory, containing in effect the Beginning and Progrefs of Chrift's true
Religion, now of God's great Mercy eftabliihed in this Realm ; where-
in he hath continued and perfectly ended at the Year of God 1564,
So that of Things done finfyne, nothing be him is put in that Form
and Ordour,that he has put the former. Yet not the lefs there are cer-
tain Scrolls and Papers, and Minuts of Things left to me by him, to
life at my Pleafure, whereof a Part were written and fubfcribed by his
own Hand, and another be mine at his Command, which, ii they
were colleded and gathered together, would make a fufficient Decla-
ration of the principal Things, that have occurred lince the ending
of his former Hiftory, at the Year forefaid ; and fo fhould ferve for
Stuff and Matter, to any of Underffanding and Ability in that Kinde
of Exercife, that would apply themfelves to make a Hiftory even un-
to the Day of his Death. But for fo meikle as the faid Scrolls are fo
intacked and mixed together, that if they fliould come in any Hands
not ufed nor accouftomed with the fame, as I have been, they (hould
altogether lofe and perilh : And feeing alio I am not able on my own
Cofts and Expences, to apply myfelf and fpend my Time, to put thent
in Order, which would confume a very long Time j much lefs am I
able to write them, and put them in Regifter, as they require to be,
without your Wildoms make fome Provifion for the fame : Where-
fore I moft humbly requeft you Wifdoms, That I may have fome rea-
fonable Penfion, appointed to me by your Wifdoms Difcretion, that
thereby I may be more able to await and attend upon the famine ; left
thefe Things, done by that Servant of God dear to you all, fliould pe-
rifh and decay, which they fliall do indeed, if they be not put in Re-
gifter, which I will do willinglie, if your Wifdoms would provide as
faid is. And your Wifdoms Anfwer, &c.
In Return to this Supplication, the JJfemhlj gave the folhaiing
Anfiaer.
The Aftembly accepted the faid Richard's Offer, and requeft tha
Kirk of Edinburgh, to provide and appoint fome learned Men, to fup-
port Richard Banantyne, to put the faid Hiftory, that is now in Scrolls"
and Papers in good Form, with Aid of the faid Richard, And becaufe
he is not able to await thereon, upon his own Expences, appoints to
him the Sum of Fourty Pounds, to be payed of the 1571 Years Crope»
he the Colleftors under-written, viz. the Colle£ior of Lothian, Fife^
jingusy and the Weft, Galloway and Murray, every one of them to
pay fix Pounds thirteen Shillings four Pennies of the faid Cropej and
The Life ot the A u t h o r. xl v
it fhallbc allowed to them in Count, they bringing the kid Richard's
Acquittance thereupon.
I do notfnd from the Records of the Jfemhly^ or from any other
yluthority^ tshotwas done^ in confequence of this Recommendation to-
tvafds thepublifljiug of this Hifiory, hut it is cettain^ that an H:i\ory
tvas printed under Mr. KnoxV Name tn 8vo. There is a TjJJ'an^ pi
^fr. CalderwoodV MSS. Hi fiery ■, which tvill contribute to afcchain
the Time ivhcn this 8vo. Edition zoas printed at London, in the follow-
ing iVords. February 1586, /^W^ro/Z/Vr the Printer took with him a
Copy of Mr. KnoxV Hiftory to England^ and printed twelve liundrcd
of them ; the Stationers, at the Archbilhop's Command, fcizod them,
the 18 of February; it was thought, that he would get Leave to pro-
ceed iigain, bccaufe the Council perceived, that it would brin ' the
Queen of Scots in Deteftatioa It (eems 'very probable, that it^ ivas
the 8vo. Fdition which was thus feized.
But to give a farther Account of this Hiftory, it will be nccejfary
to confider, as accurately as can be, the remaining mannfcript Copies
of it. The fir ft is in the publick Library of the Collsge o/Glafgow, and
tt'^J" gifted to them, by the late Reverend and learned Mr. Robert Fle-
ming, Minijier^firft at Rotterdam, and then to the Scots Congregation
at London, who had it tranlmitted to him, from his zvorthy Grand-
father, Mr. James Fleming, -who was married to one of Mr. KnoxV
Baugters, and was an intimate Friend of Mr. John Knox Minifhr
at Melrofs. It is probable, that this MSS. is written with the Hand
of the laft named Mr. John Knox, by a IVriting upon the Beginning of
the MSS. figned by the faid Mr. John Knox, which Writing cannot be
diftinguijloedfrom that of the Hiftory. Thij feems to be the oldeft, and moji
valuable Copy of the Hilary now extantyof it the above-named Mr. Fleming
gives the following Account, in the Treface to his prh^ical Difourf^ occoji-
oned bj the Death of King W'llham, printed at London 1702, Pjc. 14. That
hlvGrandfather Mr. j^ames Fleming,havmo man ied a Daughtt r uf Mr.John
Knox the Reformer, came to be pofTefled ol fome ol his iClanufcr-pts; and
that cfpecially by the Mcai,sof Mr.John Kucxthe younger, Minifler of
Melrofs in the Merfe, a Relation ot the former, tho' I know not {fays
he) how near, who was my Grandfather's intimate Freind ; that among
other Papers, I found a manufcript Copy of Mr. Knox\H\[\o^y, which 'I
fent to the Library of Glajgo^v^ that it mi^ht not be loft; that I fent
along with it a loofe Leaf, being the Title Page of an imperfcd Work,
which feemed to be written, by the faliie Hand that the MSS. Hiftory
was ( tho' I could not pofitively affert this ; ) that if it was the fame
Hand that wrote both, it was a plain Evidence, that the Author, atleaft
Ihe Writer of the Hiftory, was not the Reformer, but the younger Mr.
Knox., feeing the former died in the Year 1572, and the o'hcr was a-
lire nine Years after, iSc. Therefore to unriddle all that was dark in
this Matter, I told, that I could help with fome Thing traditional that
Way, viz. That I undcrftc-od from my Father, that Mr. A'/7ca; the Re-
former had begun an Hiftory of this Kind, and left larcc Materials be-
hind himfor compleatingit; and that the later Mr. K:cxh&6 periedfed
the Work, purfuantto the Order of the General Aflenibiy, in the Year
♦ (w) 1573
xl vi The Life of the Author.
— ■ —
15-73 or 1574. fo far as it was to be found in this MSS. And that.-,
therefore, upon a double Account, it might juftly be intituled. The '
Hiftory of the Reformation written by Mr. John Knox. -"•*"
yind becaufe this Edition is printed from an exaSf Cop}' taken from
the Glafgow Manufcripty I think it will not he improper here to Cub'
join a full Copy of a Letter from the Reverend Mr. Wodrow to £iz.
pop Nicolfon then Archdeacon 0/ Garlifle, dated at Glafgow Septem-
ber I. 1701, wherein he gives the.Bijhop an Account of the 'Differences '
betwixt that Mamifcript, and the print^^d Editions of this Hifiory by '
Mr. David Buchanan i ejpecially fmce Biflmp NicoKon has pnhlijhcd on- ,
/y a Part of Mr. WodrowV Letter in the Appendix to his Scots hiJio^\
rical Library^ Numb. 6.
Sir, 'Tis near a Month fince I ended my Collation of Knox^ and
for my Heart I could not get fo much Time in Town as to revife my
confufed Notes. I hope this fhal! not come too late to your Hands, Or
if it do, there is no great Lofs, for I fulped you'll find little in it very
confiderable; luch as it is, I hope you'll receive as a fmall Return, for '
I ftand indebted to you. In one of my former I gave feme Account
of the old Edition of Knox in i imo, and our Manufcript, (what I
find in the Scroll oi this former Lettei^is) I have now procured the.,
particularly in thefe Places challenged by fhe Author of the fundamen- ^
tal Charter, and difagrees with the ordinary Editions in the Paflages '
excepted againft.
The Edition of David Buchanan I refer to is that in Folio London .
1644. You know there is another Edition in 4^0, reprinted that fame^
Year at Edinburgh, and I find little Diverfity betwixt them. ThePref,,.
face you fee is D. S.'s, and lo is Mr. Knox\ Life. In the next twg;-"
Pases you have an Account of Mr. Patrick Uamiltcn and U'^nlter'
Mill, which I fuppofe are added by the fame Hand, fince. they are '
not in our Manufcript: Yon may notice likewife, that all the margin^il '
Lemmara are wanting in our Copy, and many in the l^mo old Co-' j
py, which I fliall after this mark by O. C. and fo fill to his Share"
likewife. The O. C. goes no farther than the tourth Bock, and here
you are only to exped the Collation of our Manufcript with Lacid "
Buchanans Edition, which after this I fnaii mark by A B. The firfi .
Thing that occurs in the Manufcript is a Preface of the Author's, .
which D. B. wants, for what Reafon 'tis hard to tellj there is not ,
much very material in it. After a fliort Account of the fad State of .
the People under Popery, the Author tells us, that Bruits were difperf- ^
ed of us the ProfefTors of Jefus Chrift within this Realm. In the Be* ^
ginning of our Interprife Orders were taken all our Proceedings (hould.T
be committed to Regifter, as they were, by fuch as then trave;lled pain-f;
fully both by Tongue and Pen ; and fo was collected a juft Volume (as'?
will after appear) containing Things done from the 53d Year of God^ •
till the Arrival of the Queen's Majefty furth of France ■, with the wh.i?b/^.
the Colledtors and Writers of that Time was content,, and never mind-,,
ed to have travelled in that Kind ot Writing^:. Bju^jalfter Invocation of./.
' ^ tn<?
The Life of the A u t h o r. xlvii
the N:imc of God, and Confultation with fomc Faithful, it was con-
cluded, that faithful Rchcardil fhould be made of fuch Pcrfona 'cs as
God bad made Inftrumcnts of his Glory, by opponing thcmfclves to ma-
nifoft Abofes, Sopcrftition and Idolatry ; and albeit there was no ereat
Number, yet are they more than the Collectors would have looked
for at the Beginnings and therefore the Volume is fomewhat cnlari^ed
above txpettation ; and yet in the Beginning we mu(t crave of all the
gentle Readers not to look off us for fuch a Hiftory as fhal! exprefs all
Things that have occured within this Realm, during the Time of this
terrible Conflift that has been betwixt the Saints of God and thefe
bloody Wolves, that claim to themfclves the Title oi Clergy: For with
the Policy mind we to middle na farther than it hath true Rch"i,->n
a
7
mixed with it. So f^ir our Author ; where we may notice he lives in
the Times of thefe Tranfactions he gives an Account of, which is a
Confiderati^n that llrikes againft the Author of the fundamental Cbar^'
ter of Trcsbjterj: There is little farther in this Preface fwc the Au-^
thor's Apology for his naked Relation of Truth, and his Stile.
Now as to the "Book itfclf, I fhaJI not trouble you with a!] the more
minute Differences I liave marked, which might b: fomc Way ufcful
for any that were to give the World an accurate Edition of KnoXy
which I think fliall not be in Hafte. I only touch at thefe Variations
that are more confiderable.
P. 2. of 2). B. in the Articles of the Lollards, only that which is in
Jtalick Chardftcr is in the Manufcript.
P. 4. D. IB. you will notice, that the Reference to Fox\ Martyrolo-
gy is in the Manufcript j and the Argument the Author of the funda-
mental Charter., after Bifhop Spotifz^ood, brings from this Paffage, was
that which ftruck me mofl of any he brought, till of late I have fal-
Fep on the Edition of Fox in Latin Folio, Bafil 1559, 14. Years be-
fore Mr. /O/ox's Death, where P. 121. at a confiderable Length is in-
fertcd the Account of Patricius Hamiltonius Scotus^ which Knox
might fee, and no doubt refers to.
P. 34. ©.S. Line 18. from thefe Words, ^fary Daughter to Robert
Bruce, to thefe Words, After that he /pake, &c. are added by ©. B.
foi: enlightening the Story; and nine Lines below our Manulcripf wants
the Story about the feigned Tcftament.
P. 35, L. S. our Manufcript wants the favourable Charafter of King
yapies V. fro,m Line 11. Tet to /peak the Truth to the £iieJfions of
his Government, &c.
P. 41. /). B. Line 33, &c. runs in our Manufcript, For by God's
Word would not the Divorcement of his Father from Flizaheth Hume
his firfl Wife, be found lawful, and lo would the laid Marriage be de-
clared null, and he a Baftard. And the Differences and Additions are yet
greater in the fame Page, Line 41. Firft becaufe he himfelr was born,
to Page 42. Line 3. The Cardinal puts the Earl, i^c. And .D. B's
marginal Note, which is not in our Manufcript, fecms either to reflcft
oT\' Knox, or difcovcr a Sufpicion of the Story he has delivered
himfelf.
P. 55. Z). B. we have more Additions, the Words Line 21. From,
wher5,^£3 Cardinal, to Line 24. or that bloody Wolf, dr. are not in
■ C'« 2) ©or
- - - — ■ . , , - ^.p
xlviii The Life of the Author.
oar Manufcript. And Line 29. of the fame Page, all that 2). S. hath
from the Cardinal, feeing it was forbidden, (^c. to Line 44. and to the
Servant of Gk)d, ^c. is wanting in oar Manufcript. Hitherto the O.
C. jumps with our Manulcript,- where I obferve it differ I fliall no-
tice it.
P. 57. Line 30. you fee Tj.B. refers to certain Records: But in the
Manufcript it runs, The Manner of his Accufation, Procefs, and Affizes -
following, as we have received the fame from the Book of Martyrs,
which Word by Word we have here inferred, and that becaufe the
faid Book is rare to be had ; by this Book of Martyrs I fuppofe Mr.
fox muft be meaned; and it might have been another of Mr. Sages
Arguments.
P. 67. Z). B. from Line 23. And conferred a pretty while, to Page 68.
to Line 12. The Cardinal treading, c^c. is wholly wanting in our Ma-
nufcript.
P. 69. from Line 22. The Trumpet founding, to Line 42. on the other
Side, When the People beheld, C^c. is not in our Manufcript,- and fo
we want the famous Prophefy by Mr. Wijhart about the Cardinal's
Death.
P. 70. there is fo mnch Difference beti\'ixt T). B. and the Manufcript,
as makes me think Damd Buchanan has had fome other Copy, or al-
tered too much, the Additions are fo many, and fo mixed, that with-
out tranfcribing both you would not underftand them. There is not
much confiderable in this Page for clearing any weighty Part of the
Hiftory of thefe Times, and fo I pafs it.
P. 86. Z). B> from Line 42, Then God will fure ftop, <^c. to Page 8p.
Line 7. This Conclufion, cf r. is wanting in the Manufcript.
P. 1 01. Z). S. at thefe Words Line 32. Failed of all he had written,
the Manufcript adds a fevere Invedtive againft Queen Mary^ which it
feems Buchanan thought too piquant,- and by the By, this is another
Prefuroption the Book was written by Knox. The Words in the Ma-
nufcript are, Jnd therefore it were expedients that her Daughter ^ now
mijchie'vouly reigning^ jhould look to that which pajjed btfore, left that
in follomng the Councils of the Wicked^ JJie end more miferabi)i than
her crafty mother did.
P. I -•6. L. B. The Story of taking down of the Frier's Houfe in Sii
Johnfioun, is related wifh fome different Circumftances in the Manu-
fcript, which being of little Confcquence, I fhall not take up your Time
with them.
P. 218. Z). B. Line 23. from as ^ohn Knox had fore-warned, to
Page 222. Cecil's firft Letter is wanting in the O. C. But the Manu-
fcript here agrees with Buchanan.
P. 233. in the Title of the Contract at 'Berwick, you fee D. B. has
it ^ames Duke of Chatcllarault-, and other of the Council and Nobili-
ty, our Manufcript has it jfames Duke of Chatcllarault, Earl of yfr-
ran. Lord Hamilton, fetond Perfon of the Realm of Scotland, and Heir
apparent to the Crown, &c. and Line lalt of the fame Page, D. B. has
it, Except the Realm of Scotland, and the laid Nobility, (^-c. whereas
in the Manufcript 'tis, Shall except the faid Realm of Scotland, the
faid Duke of Chattellerault being declared by ASt of Parliament in
Sect'
The Life of the A u t h o r. xlix
Scotland, to be Heir apparent to the Crown thereof, and the faid No-
bility, (^c.
P. 25 1. (or 245) as it is mifplarcd, I). 2?. Line 9. our MSS. adds,
God* for his great Mercy rid us from the reft of the Guiftan Blood*,
Jmtn^ /fntcn ; for of the Tyranny of the Guiftan Blood in her that for
our Unthanklulncfs now reigncth above us, we have had fufficient
Experience, but of any Vertue that ever was efpied in King ^ames V.
whofc Daughter (he is called ; to this Hour we have never a Spcdacle
to appear J fo that you fee the Editor has not only pared, but added
from Line 9 to 13.
In the Proclamation, July 8. 1560, ©. B, ftilos Queen lilizabeth
Q_iieen of England^ France and Ireland^ the MSS. wants France.
P. 2?9- D. B. In the.Confcflion of Faith, our MSS. wants the mar-
ginal Places of Scripture, which you fee are in Buchanan in great A-
bundancc.
P. 279. T>. B. at Line 3. thefe Words, Their Coitimiflion was to
crave Afliftance, the MSS. adds, and to propound the Earl of Arran^
who then was in no fmall El!imation with us, to the Queen of Eng-'
land in Marriage.
P. 281. B. B. Line i. fome in France, Sec. to Line 10. the Death
of this King is wanting in our MSS. In Place of this Paragraph, our
MSS. hath what follows, The godly in France upon this fudden Death
fet forth in Verfe an Admonition to Kings.
j^d hujus tcmporis momrchasy protrepticon carmen
Conjiliis chrijlimi opptignans (^ fraudihus ingetts
Rcgum ilk terror Carol us,
Ipfii ridiculus piieris, furiof'us dy cxcorft
Totus repente corruit.
Tuque Henrice malis dum confultorihtis utenf,
Sitis piorum fanguinem^
Ipfe tuo, 'Viccrs inopina cade peremptus.
Terrain imbuifli fanguine,
Henrici, deinceps fe&ans vejligia patris,
Fraucifcus infelixpuer,
Clamantem chriftum furda dum negligit aiire,
Aure putrefada corruit ;
f^erfuti, fatui, Jurdi, fpedfacula reges
H<ec <oos fapere vel mori jtibent.
The old Copy agrees exadlly with the MSS. only there is addc- ij
ScotiJJi Tranflation of the above Latin Verles, which I do not trouble
you with i you know this Paragraph in L. B. which is wanting in our
MSS. is one of the chief Places Mr. Sage objcfls againft, as what
Could not be write by Kiiott, fince Charles IX. died after Krox about
the 1574; but then his Objefticn will not n^.ilitate aga nft the MSS,
which names only Henry II. and Francis II- Indeed if wc tske Caro-
lus for Charles IX. the Difficulty remains, and one wcu^d thirk Bu-
chanan has done lo, but I would chole rather to undeifland it of
ifl) " Charkt,
1 The Life of the Author.
Charles VlII. who died about 1498, becaufe in the Latin Line he goes
before Henrkus pater Franctfci i but this I intirely fubmit to you as
better verfed in the Accounts of thele Times, than to need any Help
from me.
P. 288. 2). B. laft Line, after fing the the xxiii. Pfalm, follows in
the MSS. of the Eletlion of E'ders and Deacons in the privy Kirk of
Edinburgh In the beginning when there was po Face ot a Kirk or o-
pen Affemblies, but private and fecrct in Houfes and in the Fields,
which neither D. B. nor the O. C. have. I would infert it here, for
'tis in my Scrolls, and I fuppofe I fent a Copy of it to the Archdracon,
but being pretty long, and lately printed in the 2d Volume of our Con-
feffions, P. 636, 642. from the Glafgow^ MSS. of Knox^ I ihaVi not
fwell this Work with it ; tho' it be a curious Remain of the fi.fl Set^
tlement of Religion in Scotland^ and gives the only tolerable Account
I know of the Angular Pradtice of changing Elders annually in the
City of Edinhurgh: But I return to my Letter.
,P. 31. Lme 19. 7). B. fays, The Becks of DifcipUne have been of
la're fo oft publifh'-d, that we fliall forbear to print them at this Time,
hoping that no good Men will refufe to follow the fame, till God in a
grc iter Light eftablifti a more perfeift. This Paffage is not in cur MSS.
Inflead ot if, it has what follows, And now becaufe divers Times here-
to;ore, we have made mention ot the faid Book (of Difcipline,) we
have thought expedient to infert the whole in this Part of our Hiflory,
to the End that the Pofterities to come, may judge as well what the
worldling refufed, as what Policy the godly Mmifters required, that
they, if God grant unto them, Occafion and Liberty, m^ y either effa-
blifh a more perfe£l, or elfe imitate this, which ^varitioufnefs would
nor fuffer this corrupt Generation to approve. Accordinglv the firfl
Book of Difcipline is inferted, and ends the 3d Book of /C^^ojc's Hiflory j
the O. C. agrees here, and laas a Part of the Book of Difcipline, but
breaks off abruptly in the middle.
You fee how tar the MSS. and the old Copy jump ; how Mr. Bu-
chanan has overlooked the old Copy, which, no doubt, was to be had
in his Time, I cannot account for : However the Agreement of the
MSS. and O. C. feems to me another ftrong Prefumption of Knox's
being the Author of this Hiftory, efpecially if I add, that the O. C.
feems to be printed a little after Knox's Death ; fo we have done with
the firfl: three Books of Knox's, which end the firlf Volume ot our MSS.
and all along you fee Mr. Sage, or whoever be the Author of his Pre-
face forefaid, has all his Arguments againft Knox's being the Author
of this Hiflory ftom Buchanan's Additions,- and confequently they ha?e
nothing in them flraitning.
I now go to the fourth Book, which the O. C. has not, and fo you
can have only the Collation of D. B. and our MSS. In the general I
may notice, that there are here a good many Reflexions on Qjieen
Marj and Lethington, which D. B> has not, and a great many mo
leffer Differences in this fourth Book, than in the former three. After
all there is Jittle wanting in ©. B. that tends to the clearing of the
Story of thefe Times ; I only give you a Tafte of the Chara<aer the
MSS. gives of Queen Maryh Carriage with Chattelkt. 2), B. P.
35lt
The Life of the A u t h o r. li
351. Line 17. tells us. All this Winter Chattcllet was fo familiar
with the Queen, that the Nobility could not have Acccfs. The MSS.
adds, She would ly on Chattellei's Shoulder, and fometimcs ftcal
a Kifs of his Neck; all this was honcft enough, for it was the "cntle En-
tertainment of a Stranger; but this Familiaritv was fo great, that he
privily conveyed himfeif under the Queen's Bed, (jc. as you have it in
JBiichanau : I fliall only add two more Differences between D. B. and
thcManufcript.
P. 348. 'D. B. Line penult, Idolatry was never in greater Quiet- o-
yer agmnft this in our MSS. upon the Margin are thcfe Words, Let the
World be ^udge norv 1571, for Lethington then was, as he now is, the
lather of all Mi/chief.
P. 3 5' 2. Z). B. where youll find an Account of the great Death and
Famine, concerning which the MSS. has as follows, The Boll ot Wheat
gave yi Pounds, the Boll of Bear vi Mcrks and an half, the Boll of
Meal iv Merks, the Boll of Oats fifty fhilling, an Ox to draw the
Pleugh XX Merks, a Wedder xxx (hilling, and {o all the reft propor-
tioiiably. I thought this might fervc to fix the Value of Money and
(fomraodities at that Time.
I fh.ill take up your Time no more with this fourth Book, only you'll
obfcrve that our MSS. ends with the fourth Book, as 'tis in 'Buchanan's
Fo!io Edition : At the End of which there is added in the Quarto
E'jitiun at Edbiburgh a Paragraph, with an account of Articles and
Petition^ which are not in the Folio Edition ; this makes mc fufpott
there may be feme Variations betwixt the Folio and Quarto Editions
which I have not noticed. I defign to caufe collate thir two Editions,
and if the Variations be confiderable, you fliali have account as foon as
polfible.
The fifth Book is not in our MSS. fo all the forefliid Author's Ob-
fervaiions taken from it fall to the Ground. I h'ppofe it has either
been compiled out of Mr. Knox's Papers by Richard Banantyne, of
whom in my fcmer Letter, which however I do not incline to, (be-
canfe the fifth Book is not in the O. C. which I ( till I get farther
Light) fuppofe to have been done by Banantyne, or about that Time)
or rather compiled and added by D. Buchanan.
Now, Sir, by this Time I have quite wearied yoo, and almofl: my
felf too, by fo long a Scroll, which if it can be any way ufeful to help
on your Scots hiflorical Library, I have much more than all my fmall
Pains can amount to. I muft at this Time defer troubling you with
Matters of natural Hiftorv; thefe ftiall be the Subjed: of the^next from
SIR,
Glafgcw, Septem. Your, (^c,
1. 1701.
From this Letter we ham the lejl account of this Mam fcript^ from
tohich the prefent Sedition is printed, and at the fame Time afufficient
Anfwer to all the Objedfions of any Moment againft Mr. Knox'/ being
the jiuthor of this Hiftory; and now it isfufitchnt Time to proceed to
what jet remains to be dijcourfed of before Ifni^ this Life,
im) There
lii The Life of the Author.
There is another MSS. of the four Booh of this Hiftorji in the Re-
verend Mr. WodrowV Hands-, which differs hut /very little from the
Glafgow MSS, and where it differ s, agrees zsith the old Odavo printed
Copy.
There is alfo a complete MSS. Copy of the Jirff four Books of this
Hifiory belonging now to Mr. Gavin Hamilton Bookjeller in Edinburgh,
which formerly belonged to the late Reverend Mr. Matthew Reid Mi-
niHer of the Gofpel at North Berwick j it is written in a very old
Hand^ the oU fpeUing is kept., and I am informed that it esaSlly a-
grees with the Glafgow MSS. with which it was collated^ during the
Time this Edition was a printing.
The primed Editions of this Hifiory have been already taken no-
tice of. 1 have nothing more to offer as to the old ©(Savo Copy., it is
now become very fear ce., I have never feen above Jive or fix Copies of it:
^ifjop Nicholfon obferves^ Scots Hift. Library., p. 362. I have feen
( fays he ) four or five Copies of the Octavo Edition of Knox's Hiftory,
all of them Fragments, beginning at p. 17. and ending abruptly with
560 J in that in the Library at St. Martins., there is the following Note
giving a Reafon for fuch a Defe£t, This Book being fupprelfed, the re^
maining Copies are imperfefil without beginning or end.
This agrees with Mr. CalderwoodV Account of this Edition before-
cited^ and accounts for the Scarcenefs of the Book ; Bijhop Spotfwood
cites this Edition frequently upon the Margin^ under its running Title,
The Hiftory of the Church oi Scotland.
There were two pofierior Editions publijhed by Mr. David Buchanan,
one at London in Folio anno 1644, another that fame Tear at Edin-
burgh in Quarto. Mr. Buchanan piits the initial Letters of his K^me
to the Epiftle to the Reader^ D. fe. and it is generally thought that
he wrote Mr. Knox j Lifcy which is prefixed to thefe Editions.^ toge-
ther with the large and learned Preface. He gives this Account of the
Hidory when he enters upon the Life of Knox ; Which Hiftory, namely,
fo much of it I mean, as formerly was publifhed, hath gone commonly
under his Name, becaufe he is the Man of whom moft is fpoken
throughout the whole Hiftory, as being a moft earned and diligent
Agent in the Bufincfs of the Reformation of the Church,- nexty becaufa
he hath penned with his own Hand, or fpoken by Word of Mouth the
moft Part of the remarkable and moft ufeful Things for Pofterity in
the Hiftory. 0y, The whole Hiftory is gathered out of his Papers
and Manulcripts ; and fo ye fee why it is generally received to be of
^ohn Knox,
There are fome fmall Differences betzvixt the Foh'o and Quarto
Editions of this Hiftory -, the Life of Mr. Knox in the Quarto is
Jomewhat enlarged., and Mr. Wodrow has noticed in his Letter
to the Bifhop of Carlifle, that the fourth Book of the Quarto
Edition has fome Additions at the End of it., not to he found in
the Folio ; it has Ukewife Mr. KnoxV brief Exhortation tb England,
dated at GewQVSi, January 12. 1559. from p. loo lo 112, which is
not added to the Folio Edition. There are perhaps fome 'Dif-
ferences betzvixt thefe two Editions in the 'Body of the Hifiory ^ hilt as
far as I have obferved, they are of fnutll Moment ; the Margins and
lemmata
The Life of the A u t h o r. 1 I'd
lemmata itt both EdiHons fcem s;enernlly to he of Mr. BuchanahV ad-
ding^ very feto being in the MSS. and many art aid^-d which are tnt
in the oldOdavo Edition; what Vouchers Mr. Buchan;in the Editor
had tor them I cannot tell^ feoeral of them point to the Tear 1567.
It is not ea/y to give any tolerable Account of the ffth Book. Ri-
chard Banantyne ajjhres the General JJfembj'^ that Mr. Knox his Ma-
dcr had continued, and perfedly ended his Hiftory at the Year 1564 5
and indeed not ouly the Glafgow MSS. ends there, but Air. WodrowV
and Mr. Gavin Hamilton'/ alfo ; and Mr. Calderwocd ob/crveth, that
here ends Mr. KnoxV Hiftory. It fcenis probable that Mr. David Bu-
chanan himfJf is the Author of it, perhaps he zvas beholJen to Mr.
KnoxV Scrolls^ but I zvifJj he had caiejally difiingiuped Mr. KnoxV Com-
po/'ure from his own, and for born his Interpolations in the Body of the
Hifiory-, tchich is a Liberty no Terfon ought to take ivith any Author.
This Edition noiv offered to the fuhlick., upon many Accounts, bids fair
to be a genuine one; it is publiffoed from the Glafgow MSS. which feems
to be the mod autheutick Copy nozv remaining, it agrees both 'xith Mr.
WodrowV Copy and the other old Copy, which fecms to be of confider-
ahlc Value, and differs very little from the old Octavo Edition. There
art fever al remarkable Incidents in this Hijlory-, no where clfe to be
found, and many curious original Papers preferred in it, which are not
to be met with elfewhere ; the Editors have gicen the ffth Book, as
Air. Buchanan has publijjjed it, and leave it to the Reader to value it
as he finds Caufe; fever al other fcarce Pieces of Mr. Knox are likewife
tidded to this Edition of the Hifiory, which 'tis hoped will make this
Work both very ufe(ul to all, and particularly acceptable to the curious
Reader. So careful have they been to give an Edition beyond Exception^
that they have not fo much as adventured to alter the fpelltng in the
Gklgow MSS. which with good Ground they look upon as the Stan-
dard.
Befides Mr. KnoxV Works which ha'Oe been printed. There are fome
MSS. of his in the Hands of the Reiser end Mr Wodrow, and fve>al
tf them preferved by the faithful and learned Mr. Divid Calderwood in
his large Hiftory. Ifhallgive the Titles of f>.ch of them as are in Mr.
WodrowV Hands, i. There is a Volume in Folio in an old Hand
fairly written^ it feems to have been copied by John Gray, vjho was
Scribe to the General Affembly, for the Uje of Margaret Stc^vart Mr.
KnoxV Wido >', for both their Names are written upon the Book. It
remains, i. Treparations to Prayer drami by John Knox, it confifis of
four Sheets, a. The fixth Pfalm of Divid godly exponded, it conft/ls of
ten Sheets; it was written in the Tear i55'3, when ^ was leaving Eng-
land J at the End of it is written at the very Point of my journey laji
January iss'i, your Son with forrowful Heart ]. K. 3. TheEpifilefent
to fever al Congregations in England, Ifiawand the Plaigs which fall
fchortlie cum upon that Realm for refufing God's Wbrde and imbraffing
Idolatrie John Knox. 4. To the faithful in London, Ncwcaftle and
Berwick ; it has at the End upon my Departure from Deipe 1553,
Whidder God knawit, tcc.ftgned Fohn Knox.
Mr. Wodrow has alfo in his Po^ffion another Volume in Qaarfo,
containing 5 1 8 Pages j upon the Title Tagc i ( written, The EpiftJcs of
(0) iSlxi
liv The Life of the Author.
Mr. John Knox worthy to be read, (^c. And in another Hand are the
following JVbrds^ This Book belonged fometime to Margaret Stewart
Widow to Mr. Knoxy afterwards married to the Knight oi Fadounfide^
Sifter (he was to yames Earl of Arran, This Volume contains the
following Treatifes.
I. Mr. KnoxV ConfeJJion hefore the Bijhop 0/ Durham, April 4. 1550.
a. His Declaration in a Sum concerning the Sacrament oj the Lord's
Supper.
3. A Declaration what true Prayer is by John Knox ; it is diftinSl
from the Treatifc in the other Volume^ and con/ijis of four Sheets,
4. The Expofition upon the 6th Ffalm, the fame with that in the
other Volume.
5-. John Knox to the faithful in London, (jc. ibid.
6. KnoxV Admonition to the Profejfors in England ,• this is printed,
7. Certain Epiftles and Letters of the Servant of God, John Knox,
fent from divers Places to his Friends and Familiars in ^efiis Chrifi.
The fe JSpifiles are forty fix in Number^ written from the Tear 1553
to the Tear issi-
Thus I have given an Account of all Mr. KnoxV Works-> whether in
Print or Manufcript i fever al of which the diligent and learned iWr.Wo-
drow, fo frequently mentioned^ refolves to publijh in his large ColkUions,
concerning Mr. KnoxV Life.
I fl3 all conclude this whole Narrative with the Chara^ers given of
Joim by Waiters of great Note^ feveral of whom were his Contemporaries,
The jirft fhall be from the learned and eloquent Mr. Thomas Smeton
Principal of the College of Glafgow, who in an Account of Mr. KnoxV
lafi Hours and Death-, fub joined to his Anfwer to Archibald. Hamilton
15 79, p. w^. gives this Account of him^ De quo ut vere & ingenue
dicam, nefcio an unquam Deus magis pium aut majus ingenium in
fragili & imbecillo corpufculo coUocavit : Ccrte fcio haud facile quen-
quam inveniri poffe, in quo plura fpiritus fandti dona, in folidum 5'co^/-
catiie eccleliiE gaudium illuxerint: Nemo in fubeundis animi & cor-
poris laboribus minus fibi pepercitj nemo in concreditam iibi pro-
vinciam intentior fuit : Nemo tamcn dum viverct odiis impioium ho-
minum magis impetitus eft, & maledicorum calumniis laceratus:
Quamvis ilii ca fuit animi magnitude, ut contra audentior iret : Nee
fatis effe putarunt diaboli organa vivum profcindere, nifi mortuum eti-
am indigne ]acerarent,CJ<^. And at the F'nd of this Treatife-,Mr. Sme-
ton thus concludes his Character of him, Certe in illo redtam turn Vi-
vendi tum raoricndi regulam, quamvis obloquantur prophani, DeUS
nobis demonftravit.
The next fliall be from the celebrated Be^a his great and intimate
Friend in his Icones virorum do(5trina fimul & pietate illuftrium, print-
ed 1580, where Mr. ^no^ gets the Jit Ji Place among thofe whomEeza.
dejigns, Reftituti in Scotia chriflianifmi inftauratores precipui : And
iie thus fpeaks of him, A quibus (Anglis foil.) ad Scotos tranfeuntibps
primus occurrit magnus ille Joannes KnoxiuSy quem fi Scotormrh in
vero Dei cultu inftaurando velut apoffolum quendani dixero, dixifle me
quod res eft exiftimabo : And after giving a brief andfuccinSf Account
of the moji remarkable Paffages of his Life^ he thus concludes, Exce-
pit
^ »■■■ ■■ I — — ..^ . I» ■■■„ ■■■■,-■— ■ . ■ ■ _ — "-^
The Life of the Author. Iv
pit hxc tcmpora tcmpcftas ilia horribiJis qux Knoxium inter cxtcrosGt'-
ne^'am ufquc cxpulit, ubi aliq-uot annos una cum rcliquis Anglis exuli-
bus maxima cum omnium virtutum Jaude vcrflitus, tandem confiJiis
omnibus cum Joanne Cahino communicatis in patriam annoDom. 15- 5-9
reverfus ; incrcdibilc eft quanta divini plane fpiritus virtutp frctus, c-
vangelium annunciarit^ ufquc adco vicilTim ipfiiis pictati ac dili"cnti3c
favcntc numine, ut vcJut ipiius confpcftom ne idolis quidem ferentibus
profligata idoloJatria, Don vcram tantum doctrinam, led etiam vcram,
& ad divini verbi normam exadam difciplinam paflim turn verbis, turn
reipfa ftatuerit: Ncquc voro fucrunt brevis alicujus temporis illi labo-
rcs, Satana modis omnibus hoc opus impcdicntc fed tredecim totos
2inx\Q>s Edinhurgi i\.t\\\ota Chrifti fortiflimc dcpugnavit; donee corporis
imbecillitate villus, anno Dom. 1572 v. idus Novembris, haud lecus
quam dim 'Eradium /lugu/iinits-, ita Knoxiis Icgitimis ecclefix futfragiis
libi, non in ulla gradus pfcud-cpifcopatus tyrannide, cui nicrito tuit
inimiciflimus, led in evangelico minifterio una cum reliquis colle^is &
presbyteris xquo prorfus jure adminiftrando, j^'oannem Lazvjoniim, fpcc-
tatirtima: tum dodrinx, turn integritatis homincm fucccflorem dcfigna-
tum, maxima cum gratulatione amplexus, ccclefix valediccret : Vita
ad viccfimum quartum ii^(yic diem 'Decembris (a) domi in ledulo tarn
pic 5^ fan^te produd^a, ut integerrima quinquaginta Septeui {b) anao-
rum vita beatiffimo cxitu veluti coronata, mcrito ambigatur meliufvc
vixcrir, an bcatius vitam finierit, fingukre quidem certe reliciilima; tum
vi(x, tum mortis cxemplum cun6tis reliqucnt.
'The great Biographer Melchior Adamus in his vitx theologorum
c\\.Qvorim makes 'Very honourable mention of Mr. Knox;/oA* thus he
writes of him^ Joannem Knoxum Scotia protulit, inligne patrix fu.-e lu-
men, qui in mediis & plufquam cimmeriis tencbris verbi divini lucer*
ram fuis popularibus pixtulitj liibtilitate (in thcologia) abjcdta fimpli-
citatem amplexus eft, quam ipfe falvator & fandli apoftoli nobis com-
mcndant, fenfitquc jSco/Zc^j" argutias dodrinse legis atque evangelii ini-
iriicas efle, & fophifticam iilam garrulam homini chriftiano indignam,
caligine itaque omni difcufla Chriftum juftitiar folem & luccm in tenc-
bris luccntem adgnovif, adoravit; edita £'dinburgi fidei confeflione
clara. Fuit vir non minoris elocutionis, quam virtutis 6c elogiorum Dei
pizeco conftans, atque fortis per omnem vitam.
/ maj add to thef'e Teftimonies above-mentioned that of Jacobus Ver-
heiden in his Effigies Praeftantium theologorum qui Romanum Anti-
chriftum prscipue oppugnarunt, printed Haga comitis 1602. He thus
concludes the Jccount he gives of Mr. Knox, Quare hicnanquam Scotia
lux, qui Chriftum mundi lucem in tarn denfis tcnebris prardicavit, me-
ilto clt dicendus, iilam lucem fempcr Scoti quo confcrvarent, cenfuit
,vitae pietatem, modeftiam, humilitatem, cseterafque chriftianas virtutes
,co]endas, maximcquc excrcendas efle: Qua: tanquam optima lucis
.illius nutrimenta, ecciefiaftica reqairit difciplina, quam & Scoti hodie
• procurrante hoc Knoxo^ integram, illibatamque fervant: Qui quidam
'Knoxus Scotiam relinquens, ad lucem iilam Chriftum, quam anunciave-
lat anno 1572. commigravit.
("^ THiiis'a miftake inSi;::/T, for he died upon the 24. of November, as is before nairated-
ib) This is alfo an Error, for he lived to the 67th Year of his Age.
Ivi The Life of the Author.
Ijhall conclude with the Character tvhich the faithful and laborious
Mr. Strype gi-ves oj Mr, Knox in his Life of JrchbtfJ.^op Parker. To
thefe {mz. Mr. Haddon and Cavalerius who died 1571) I fubjoin the
Death of a third Proteftant of great Fame in the Church of Scotland^
namely, ^ohn Knox Minifter of I^dinbiirgh, who died in Peace in
JSlovember-t aged 6-j ; he Comforted himfelf in his laft Sicknefs by the
holy Scriptures read to him, and particularly the xvii. Chapter of St.
John^ and the xv. Chapter of the ift EpiftJe to the Cow??/?/^h J, which
Chapters he ordered his Wife to read to him. He was the great In-
ftrument of the Reformation of the Church of Scotland : But in the
Days of King EdwardVl. he preached in England, firft at Berwick^
then at Neivcaftle, thence he came more Southward to London^ and
at laft he was appointed one of the King's itinerary Preachers, and ia
November 1552* had an Annuity of forty Pounds affigned him to be
paid of the Augmentation quarterly, till he was promoted to fome Be-
nefice: Being offered a Living in London he refufed it; but departing
to the Parts of Buckinghamfhire^ there he preached God's Word, and
upon King Edward's Death retired beyond the Sea, and came firft to
Geneva^ where he remained at his private Study, until by Cahini
Counfel he became fiift Preacher to the Englifh Exiles at Franchfort%
who had fent for him, afterwards by reafon of his Refufal to ufe the
EngUJh Book of Common Prayer, he departed with fome of the Com-
pany to Genevat and there fbr a while Was Preacher to the Scots and
Englijlj, ufing a new Book framed after the Order of Geneva, and al-
lowed by Cahin : In Ma)/ 1559^ he returned to his own Country to
forward the Reformation, where he lived to the Day of his Death ;
but his violent Methods, and difloyal Behaviour towards the Qiieen of
Scots is generally condemned.
/ have only this to remark upon Mr. Strype'j laji Words^ mthout
entering into any Difpute upon that Matter^ that the tvhok Proteftant
Clergy oj England had the fame Opinion of £ueen Mary of Scotland,
which Mr. Knox and the tody of the Trotejiants in Scotland enter-
tainedtjea Mr. Strype him/elf informs us, p. 35^ of this Life cf
jirchbif^jop Parker, That the Archbifhop looked upon her as the
choice Caufe of the Audacity of the Papifts, and wiflied Ihe were re-
moved, tho' it were by Juflice : With the B.n^]i(h joined alfo all the
foreign Proteftant Writers-, who lived at this Time, who were of the
fame Sentiments zvith Mr. Knox as to this 2ueen ; fo that at leafi he
tvas by no means fingular in them. I have difguifed no Part of his
CondiiB, and every Body is at Liberty to judge of it as they fee
Catife. Perhaps fome may find Reafon to think of him as all the
Proteftants who were contemporary with him did, if others think Jit
ftill to retain thefe bad Impreffions given of him by\ the Popijli Jf^riterSf
his virulent Enemies^ which are repeated by fome projefTed ProteJiantSt
I am afraid that all 1 could farther offer in order to remove themjhould
have very little Succefs, for which Reafon I rather choofe to leave every
Terfon to balance thts Matter impartially in their own Minds. Thus I
have put an End to this SubjeB, hoping that any Thing I have^ advanced,
Jhall give no juji Ground of Offence to the impartial Inquirers after
Truth, which will at laft get the better of all Pifsuifc, and overcome
ftll Oppofition made againfl it.
THE
THE
PREFACE-
To the Gentill Reidare,
Graice and Teace from God the Father of our Lord fe-
Jus Chri/l, with the ferpetuall Increfs of the Holy
Spirit. ^
T is not unknowin (Chriftlane Readar) that the
fame Cloude of Ignorance, that long hes darkned
many Realmes under this accurfed Kingdome of
that Romane Antichryft, had alfo fo over-coverit
this pure Realme, that Idolatrie had bein man-
teincd, the Bluid of Innocentis hathe bein fched,
and Chrift Jefus his eternall Trueth hathe bein ab-
horred, detefted and blafphemit. But that fame
God that caufeth Lycht to fchine out of Darknes,
in the Multitude of his Mercies, hathe of long Tyme oppinnit the Eyis
of lume evin within this Realme, to fie the Vanitieof that whiche then
wes uniVerfallie embraced for trew Rehgioun, and hes gcwin untothame
Strenthe to oppone thamfelfes unto the fame. And now, into thefe our
laft and maift corrupt Dayes, hes maid his Trueth fa to triumphe a-
jnonges us, that in Defpyte of Sathane, Hypocrylie is dilclofed, and
the trew worfhipping of God is manifeflcd to all the Inhabitantis of
this Realme, quhois Eyis Sathane blindis not, eyther be thair filthie
Luftis, or ellis be Ambitioun and unfaciabill Covetoufncfs, which mak
thame'repnnge to the Power of God working by his Word. And bc-
caus we ar not ignorant quhat divers Bruitis wer difperfed cf us the Pro-
feflbrs
The A u T H o R V Treface,
feffors of Jefus Chryfte within this Realme in the Begining of oar Inter
Toun*-
peir) conteining Thingis done from the 58th Yeir of God till the Arrivell
of the Queinis Majeftie furthe off France-^ withe the whiche the Col-
leftor and Wrytter for that Tyme wes content, andn<?vir myndit farther
to have trtivellit in thatKynd of "Wrytting. Bot efter Invocatioun of the
Name of God, and efter Coiifultation withe fome faythefull, quhst by
thame wes thoucht expedient to advance Godis Glorie, and to edifie
this prefent Generatioun, and the Pofteritie to cum, it wes concludit,
that faythefull Reherfall fould be maid of fuche Perfonages as God had
maid I'nftruments of his Glorie, by opponing of thamefeJfis to manifeft A-
buffes, Superftitioun and Idolatric. And albeit thair be no grit Number,
zit ar thay mo than the Colledor wald have luikit for at the Beginning,
and thairfoir is the Volume famcquhat enlarged above his ExpeftatiouH:
And zit in the Begining mone. we crave of all the Genrill Reidars, not to
luik of us for fuchc an Hiflorie as fall expres all Thingis that have oc-
currit within this Realme during the Tyme of this terribill Conflid that
hes bein betwix the Sandis of God and thefe bloodie Wolfes quho clame
to thamc felfes the Titill of Clergie, and to have Authoritie over the
Saullis of Men : For with the Policie mynd we to meddle no farther then
it has Religion mixit with it. And thairfoir albeit that many Thingis
whiche wer done be omitted, zit gif we invent no. Lies, we think our
felfes blameles in that Behalf. Of aneuther we mone foirwairnethe dif-
ereet Reidares, whiche is that thai be not offeoditthat the fimple Trueth
befpoken without Percialitie, for feeing that of Men we nether hunt for
Rewaird, nor zit for vane Glorie, we litillpasbythe Approbatioun of fuche
as feldome judge well of God and of his Workis. Let not thairfoir the
Beidar wonder albeit that our Stylle varie and fpeik diverflie of Men,
according as thai have declaired themfelves fometyme Enemies and
fometyme Friendis, fometyme fervent, fometyme colde, fometyme con-
ftante fometyme changeabill in the Caufe of God and of his holieRe-
ligioun, for in this our Simplicitie wefuppois that the godlie laiJefpyeour
Purpois, whiche is, that Godmaybeprayflit forhisMercie fchawin, this
prefent A<^e may be admonifchit to be thankfull for Godis Benefites offred,
and the Pofteritie to cum may be inftruded how wondrouflie hathe the
Lycht of Chrifl Jefus prevailed againes Darknes in this lafl and moft
corrupt Age.
THE
THE
H I S T O R I E
OF THE
RcformatioLin of Religioun, within
the Realme of Scotland^
Conteining the Maner, and be quhat Perfones
the Lycht of Chryllis Evangell hes bein
manifetted unto this Realme, after that
horribill and univerfall Defedlioun from
the Treuth, whiche hes cum be Meanes of
that Romane Antichryft.
1' H E FIRST' B U I K.
N the Scrollis of Glafgovj is fund Mentioun of ane,
quhais Name is not exprefled, that in the Yeir oi God
1422. was brunt for Herefie j bot quhat was his Opi-
niounis, or by quhat Ordor he wes condemned, it ap-
peiris not evidentUe ; But our Cronicles make men-
rioun, that in the Dayes of King James the firft, about
the Yeir of God 1431. wes deprehendit in the Univer-
fitie of Saint Androts, one namit Paidl Cra-Wy a Boheme^
quho was accuflit of Herefie, befoir fuche as then
wer callit Do6tors of Theologie. His Accufatioun confifted principallie, that
he followed Johne Hits and tVe'tckkif^ in the Opinioun of the Sacrament, quha
denyis that the Subftancc of Breid and Wyiie war changed be Vertew of ony
A Wordis
The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun
Wordis or that Confeflioun Ibuld be maid to Preiftis, or yit Prayers to Sanfts
depairted. Whyll that God gave him Graice to refift thame, and not to con-
fent to thair Impietie, he wes comitted to the (ecular Judge ( for our Bifchopis
follow Pylatt^ quho bothe did condempe, and alfo wefche his HandisJ quho
condemned him to the Fyre, in the quhilk he wes confumed in the faid Ci-
ty of Sanct Androis^ about the Tyme afoir wryttin. And to declair thame-
felfes to be the Generatioun of Sathan, quho, trom the Beginning, had bein
Enemie to the Treuthe, and he that defyred the (ame to be hid frome the
Knawledge of Men. Thay put ane Ball of Bras in his Mcuthe, to the End
that he fould not gif Confeffioun of his Faythe t6 the Pepill, neyther yit that
thai fould underftand the Defence, whiche he had againft thair injuft Accu(a-
tioun and Condemnatioun. Bot that thair Sires Praftife did not gritlie advance
thair Kingdome of Darknes, neyther yit wes it abill utterlie till extinguifthe
the Treuthe ; For albeit, that in the Dayes of Ring James the fecound and
thrid we find fmall Queftioun of Religioun movit within this Realme,
yit in the Tyme of Ring James the fburt, in the fext Yeir of his Rignne, and
inthe 2'2d Yeir of his Age, whiche was the Yeir of 1494. wer fummonit be-
foir the Ring and his grit Counfaill, by Robert Blakeder^ callit Archibifchope
of Glafgow ; the Number of thirtie Perfbnis remaining, (bme in Kyllejiewarty
fome in Kiiigis Kyll^ and (bme in Cun'mghame : Among quhome wer George
Campbell of Sefnok^ Adam Reid of Barskymminge^ Johne Campbell of NewmyheSy
Andro Schaw of Powenmate, Helein Chalmer Ladie Pokelie^ Chalmer
"L^dxQ Stairs. Thele wer callit the Lollardes of Kylle. Thay war accuffit of the
ArtickiUes following, as we have reflavit thame furthe of the Regifter ot
Qafgow.
I. Firft, That Images ar not to le had, nor yit to le niuorfchiped.
II. That the Religuies of San5ls ar not to le 'worfchiped.
III. I^hat Laimis and Ordinances of Men varie from Tyme to lyme, and that by
the Pope.
IV. That it is not lawfull to fight, or to defend the J^ayth. We tranflait accord-
ing to the Barbaroufnes of thair Latin and Dytement.
V. That Chryftgave Power to Piter onelie, and not to his Succeffors to bind and
loofe "within the Kirk.
VI. 'That Chrjii ordanit no Preiftis to confecrate.
VII. That efter the Confecratioun in the Mes, thair remaines Breid, and that
thair is not thair the naturall Bodie of Chryft.
Vni. That Tc'ithes aucht not to be gevin to ecclefiafticall Men ( as thai war than
callit J
IX". That Chryft at his cuming hes takin away Power from Kingis tojuge. This
Artickle we dout not to be the vennemous Accufatioun of the Enemies, quhais
Praftife hes evir bein to mak the Doftrjne of Jefus Chryft (ulpeft to Kingis
and Reuleris j as that God thairby wald depois them of thair royali Seattes,
quhairby the contrarie nothing, confirmis the Power of Magiftrates more
thane dois Godis Worde. But to the Artickles.
X. That everie faythfull Man or Woman is a Prieft.
XI. That the UnHicm of Kingis ceaffit at the cuming ofCI}ryJi.
XII. That the Pope is not the Smcejfour of Petir, hot quhair he faid. Go behind
me Sathan. ,r . ,• , , r
XIII. That the Paipe deceavis the Pepill by his BulF and his Indulgences,
XIV. That the Mesfrofatis not theSaulls that ar in Purgatorie,
Xt»
of Reltgioun in the Kealme of Scotland. qj
XV. That the Paipe and the Bifchopis deceave the Pepill he thair Pardonis.
XVI. That Indulgences aucht not to begrant'tt to ficht againes the Saracens.
XVII. 1'bat the Paip exaltis himfelf aganis Gody and ahove God.
XVIII. That the Paip cannot remit t the Paints of Purgatorie.
XIX. That the Blejfwgis of the Bifchopis ( dum Doggis rhay fould have bein
ftyllit ) ar of na Valew.
XX. That the Excomimicationnofthe Kirk is not to he feirit.
XXI. That into na Cais it is lawfull to fweir.
XXII. That Preiftis mycht have tVyjfiSy according to the Gnftitutioun of the
Law.
XXIII. That trewChriftianes receave the Bodie ofJefusChrifteverieDay.
XXIV. That efter Matrimonie contra^ity the Kirk may mak no Divorcement.
XXV. That Excomunicatiottn bindis not.
XXVI. T'hat the Paip forgevis not Sinne, hot onelie God.
XXVII. That Fayth fould not be gevin to Miracles.
XXVIU. That we fould not pray to the glorious Virgine Marie, hot to God onelie.
XXIX. T'hat we ar na mair hound to pray in the Kirk, than in uther Places.
XXX. 'ihat we ar not bound to beleve all that the Dolors of the Kirk have
writtm.
XXXI. That fuche as worfchip the Sacramentis of the Kirk ( we fuppois thai
meint the Sacrament of the Aulter ) comitts Idolatrie.
XXXII. That the Paip is the Heid of the Kirk of the Jiitichift.
XXXIII. That the Paip and his Minifters ar Murtherers.
XXXIV. That thai qubilk ar callit Principals in the Kirk, ar Theifis and
Rubers.
By thefe Artickles, whiche God of his mercyfull Providence'caufit the E-
nemies of his Treuthe to Reap in thair Regifteris, may appeir how mercyfully
God hath luikit upone this Realme, retaining within it fum fpounk of his
Licht, evin in the Tyme of greiteft Darknes. Neyther aucht anie Man to
wonder, albeit fum Thingis be abfcurelie, and (um Thingis doutfully fpoken.
Bot rather aucht all faythfull to magnifie Godis Mercie, quho without publift
Doftrine gave Co grit Lycht. And farther, We aukht to confidder, that (eing
that the Enemies of Jefus Chrift gatherit the foirfaid Artickles, thairupone to
accuift the Perfbnis foirfaid, that thai wald deprave the Meining of God's Ser-
vandis lb far as thai could ; as we doubt not bot thai have done in the Headis
of Excommunicatioun, Swearing, and of Matrimony : In the whiche it is no
dout bot the Servandis of God did damme the Abufle onlie, and not the
rycht Ordinance of God ; for quho knawis not, that Excomuncatioun in theis
Dayes wes altogither abuifit ? That Swearing aboundit without Funifhmenr
or Remors of Confcience : And that Divorcementis war mayd for fuche
CaulTes, as warldie Men had inventit. Bot to our Hiflorie. Albeit that the
Accufatioun of the Bilchope and of his Complices was verie greavous, yir
God fb afliftit his Servants, partlie be inclyning the Ringis Hairt to Gentibes
(for diveris of thame war his grit familiaris) and partlie be gevin bold and
godlie Anfweris to thair Accufttors, that the Enemies in the End war fru-
ftrate of thair Purpois : For quhill the Bifchope in Mockage faid to Adam Reid
of Barfkyming ; Reid, beleve ye that God is in Heaven ? He anfwerit, not as
I do the Sacraments fevin : Quhairat the Bifchope thinking to have triumphar
laid, Sir, lo, he denyis that God is in Heaven, quhairat the K/ng wondring,
(aid, AdamReid\ Quhat fay ye? The uther anfwerit, Fleis your Grace to
A 2 hen-
A The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun
heir the End betwix the Ghurle and me. And thairwith he turned to the
Bifchope and (aid, I nether think nor beleve, as thow thinks that God is in
Heavin j bot I ame moift adurit, that he is not onelie in the Heavin, boc
aUb in the Earthe : Bot thow and thy Faftioun declairis be your Workis,
that eyther ye think thair is no God at all, or ells that he is (o fet upe in
Heaven, that he regairdis not quhat is done into the Earthe ; for gif thow
firmelie belevethe that God war in the Heaven, thow fbuld nocht mak thy
felf cheik-mate to the King, and altogither forgett the Charge that Jefus
Chrift the Sone of God gave to his Apoftles, whiche was. To preiche the
Evangell, and not to play the proude Prelatis, as all the Rabill of yow do
this Day. And now, Sir, (aid he to the King, judge ye, quhidder the
Bifchope dr I beleve beft that God is in Heaven. Quhill the Bifchope and his
Band could not weill revenge thamefelfis, and quhille many tauntis wer gevin
thame in thair Teithe, the King willing to put ane end to farder Realbning,
laid to the (aid Adam Reid; wil thou burne thy Bill ? He anfwerit, Sir,
and the Bifchope and ye will. Withe thefe and the lyk Skolfis, the Bifchop
• and his Band war fa da(chit out of Countinance, that the grittefl Parte of
Accufatioun was turnit to Lauchter. Efter that Dyet, we find almoift no
Queftioun for Maters of Religioun, the fpaice of nie of thirtie Yeirs; for not
lang efter, to wit, in the Yeir of God ijoo. the (aid Bi(chope Blakeder de-
pairtit this Lyfe, going in his (uperftitious Devotioun to Jeriifalem : Unto
quhome fucceidit Mr. James Betoiin^ Sone to the Laird of Balfour in Fyfe^
quha was mair cairfull for the Warld nor he was to preiche Chrift, or yit
to advance our Religioun, bot for the Fa(hioun only • and as he focht the
Warld it fled him nocht, for it was weill knawin that at once he was Archi-
bifchope of Sanft Androis^ Abbote of Dumfermilwg^ Abirhrothe^ Kdwining, and
Chancelar of Scotland: For efter the unhappie Feild of Tlowdane^ in the
whiche perifched King 'James the fourt, with the maifl Parte of the Nobilitie
of the Realme, the (aid Betom, with the reft of the Prelatis, had the haill
Regiment of the Realme, and be Reffoun thairof held and travellit to hald
the Treuth of God in Thraldome and Bondage, till that it pleiflTit God of his
grit Mercy in the Yeir of God 1527. to rais upe his Servandis Mr. Patrick
Hanmiltoiin, at quhome our Hiftorie dois beginne : Ofquhois Progenie, Lyif^
and Eruditioun, becaus Men of Fame and Renown hes in divers Works writ-
tin, we omitt all curious Repetitioun, (ending fuche as wald knaw farder
than we wry it to Frauds Lamherdy Johne Firthe^ and to that notable Wark
laitlie fet furthe hQ Johne Fox, InglifinaiJ, oftheLyiffis and Deidis of Martyris
within this Yle, in this our Age.
This Servand of God, the faid Mr. Patrick^ being in his Youth provydit to
reffonabill Honours and Leving (he was intitulat Abbot of Fearne) as one
haitting the Warld and the Vanitie thairof, left Scotland, and paft to the
Scoolles in Germanie ; for than the Fame of the Univerfitie of Vitemherge was
gritlie divulgat in all Cuntreyis, quhair be Godis Providence he became fa-
miliare with thefe Lychtis and notable Servands ofChryft Jefus of that Tyme,
Martyne Luther, Philip Melan^hon, and the faid Francis Limiberf, and did Co
growe and advance in godlie Knawledge, joynit with Fervencie and Integri-
tie of Lyif, that he was in Admiratioun with monye. The Zeill of God's
Glory did fo eit him upe, that he could of no lang Continewance remane thair,
bot returnit to his Cuntrey, quhair the brycht Beames of the trew Lycht,
whiche be God's Graice wes plantit in his Hairt, begane moift abundantlie
to
of Kcltgtoun tn the Kealmc of Scotland- 5
to bruft furth als weill in publift as in fecreit ; for he was ( befydes his god-
lie Knawlege ) weill learned in Philofbphie, he abhorred Snphiftrie, and
wald that the Text of Ariliotilles fould have bein better underftood and nior
ufir in the Scoolcs, than then it was j for Sophirtrie had corrupted all alfvveill
in Divinitieas in Humanitie. In fchort Proces of Tyme, the Fame of his Rea-
fbnis and Doctrine trublit theClergie, and came to the Earis of Bifchope 'Jamei
Eeionyj of quhomc befoir we have maid mcntioun, quha being ane conjured
Enemie to jefus Chrift, and one that lang had the holle Regiment ot the
Rcalme, bare impatientlie that anie Trubill Ibuld be maid to that Kingdome
of Darknes, quhairof, within this Realme, he wes the Heid • and thairfbir he
fb travcllit withe the (aid Mr. Fatrick, that he got him to Snn6i Anc^roifs.
Quhair, efter the Conference of divers Dayis, he had his Friedome and Liber-
tie ; the (aid Bi(chope and his blodie Buchouris, callit Doctors, feimit to approve
his Do6trine, and to grant that mony Thingis cravit Reformatioun in the ec-
clefiaicall Regiment ; and amongeft the reft, thair was ane that fecreatlie con-
fentit with him almail^ in all Thingis, namif, Freir Alexander Campbell^ a
Man of goode Wit and Leirning, bot yit corrupt be the Warld, as efter wc
will heir. Quhen the Bi(chopis and Ciergie had fullie underftood the Mynd
and Jugement of the (aid Mr. Patrick^ and feiring that be him, thair King-
dome (buld be indamaged, thay travellit with the Ring, quho then wes
young and altogither adift to thair Commandiment, that he f()uld pas in PiU
gramage to Sx.. Dothes of Rofs^ to the end that no Interceliioun (buld be maid
for theLyifof the innocent Servand of God, who fufpe(5iing no (uche Cruel-
tie, as in thair Hairtis wes concludit, remainit (l:ill ( a Lambe among the
WolffisJ till that upone aNycht, he wes intercepted in his Chalmer, and by
the Bifchopis Band wes caryit to the Cadell, quhair that Nycht he wes keipit,
and upone the Morne producit in Jugement ; he wes condempned to diu be
Fyre, for the Teftimonie of Godis Treuth. The Artickles for the whiche he
lufFerit, war bot of PUgramage^ Piirgatorie^ Prayer to Satiits^ and for the Deidy
and fuche Triifells. Albeit that Maters of gritter Importance had bein in
Queltioun, as his Traftife, whiche in the End we have addit, may witnes.
Now that the Condemnatioun of the (aid Mr. Patrick fould have grirter Auclo*
ritie, thay cau(rit the fame to be fub(cryvit, by all thofe of any Eflirnatioun,
that with thame war prefent; and to mak thair Number grit, thai tuik the Sul>.
(criptiounof Childrein, gif thai war of the Nobilitie j for the Earle of Cuf,
fillisy whiche hR decei(rit jn France^ thane being bot tuelf or 1 3 Yeirs of Age,
wes compellit to fub(cryve his Deithe, as him (elf didconfe(s. Immediatlie efter
Dennar, the Fyre was j3repairit befoir the Aiild College^ and he led tq the Plaice
of Executioun ; and yit Men fuppoifTit, that all was done bot to gif unto him
a Terror, and to have cauffit him to have recantit, and have become recreant
to tholTe blodie Bei(^is ; bot God, for his awin Glorie, for the Comfort of his
Servant, and for Manifeftatioun of thair beiftly Tyrannie, had utherwayis de»
creit : For he (b (trenthned his faythfull Witnes, that nether the l-uif pf
Lyif, nor yit the Feir of that cruell Deithe culd move him a Jote to fwerVP
from the Treuth once profe(rit. At the Plaice of Executioun, he gave to bi^
Servant, quha had bein Chalmer-cheild to him of a long Tyme, his Gowne,
his Coit, Bonnet and fuche lyk Garmentis, faying, I'hefe will not profeit m th
Fyre, thay will profeit thee ; efter this, of me thow (an receav? no Comoditiey expfpt
the ExempiU of my Deithe, whiche I pray thee heir in Mynd : For albeit it b? bit'
ter to the Flefche^ and feirfiill befoir Men, yit it is the Entrance unto (temdH liy>f%
^The Hijlorie of the Re/ormatioun
whiche none fall pojfefs that denys Chr'ift Jefus hefoir this wickit GeKeratloun. The
innocent Servand of God, being bound to the Staik in the Middis of fum
Coillis fum Timber and uther Mattef apointed for the Fyre, a Trane of Powl-
der was maid and fet one Fyre, quhilk gave to the bliflit Martyre of God
a Giais (coarched f his left Hand, and that Syid oi his Faice, bot neyther kend-
lit the Wood nor yit the CoiUis ; and fb remainit the appointed to Deathe in
Torment, till that Men ran to the Caftell agane for mair Powder, and Firre
Wood more abill to tak Fyre, whiche at laft being kindellit, with loude Voice
he cryit, Lord Jefiis receave m\ Spirit: How lang fall Darkues overquelme this
Realme ? And how lang wilt thow fuffer this 'Tirramiy of Men ? The Fyre was
flowe thairfiir was his Torment the more: Bot moift of all was he greaved
be certane wickit Men, among quhome Campbell the Black Freir ( of quhome
we fpak befoir) was principall, quho continuallie cryit, Convert Heretyk, call
upoun our Ladie, fay, Salve Regina, &C. To quhome he anfwerif, Depairt
and troubill me not ye Mefftngers of Sathan. Bot quhill that the foirfaid Freir
ftill roared one Thing, in grit Vehemencie, he faid unto him, Wicked Man^
thow knawis the contrarie, to me thou hes confefftt^ I appeil thee befoir the Tribiinall
Salt of Chrift Jefiis. After whiche, and uther Words, which weill could not
be underftaued nor marked, beyth for the Tumult and Vehemencie of the
Fyre, the Witnes of Chrilt Jefus gat Viftorie, efter lang Sufferance, the lafl
of February in the Yeir of God i 52/ Yeirs. Tiie faid Freir depairted this Lyif
within few Dayis efter, in quhat Eftait we refer to the Manifeffatioun of the
eeneral Day. Bot it was planelie knawin, that he deit in Glafgow in a Phre-
nefie and as one difpaired. Now that all Men may underftand quhat was
the fmgulare Eruditioun and godlie Rnawledge of the faid Mr. Patrick^ we
have inferted this his litle pithie Wark, conteining his Affertiounis and De-
terminatiounis concerning the Law, the Office of the fame, concerning Fayth,
and the trew Fruitis thairof j firfl be the faid Mr. Patrick colledled in Latin,
and efter tranflaited in Englifche.
Of the Law.
THe Law is a Doctrine that biddeth good, and forbiddeth Evill, as the
Comandementis heir conteinit do fpecifie.
'^e ten Comandementis.
THow fall worfchip bot ane God. IL Thow fall mak the no Image tW
worfchip it. III. Thow fall not fweir be his Name in vane.
IV. Hold the Sabbothe Day holy. V. Honour thy Father and thy Mothen.
VI. Thow fall not kill. VII. Thow fall not comitt Adulterie. VIIL Thow
fall not fleill. IX. Thow fall beir no fals Witnes. X. Thow fall not defyre
ought that belongeth to thy nychbour.
He that lovethe God and his Nychbour, keipethe all the Comandementis of
God. Love the Lord thy God with all thyne Hairt^ with all thy Saul, and with
all thy Mynd. This is the firft and grit Comandement. The fecond is lyk unto
this. Love thy Nychbour as thy felf. In thefe two Comandementis hang all the
Law and the Prophetis. Be that lovethe God lovethe his Nychbour. Gif any
Man fay, he lovis God, and yit hateth his Nychbour, he is a Lier : Be that lo-
vethe not his Brother quhome he hath fein^ how can he love God quhome he haithe not
feiii.
t Sktumpled, MSS. The 8vP, and other printed Copies have Scmcbed.
of Kdigtom tn the Realme of Scotland.
few. He that loveihe his Nychbour as himfclf, keipeth the haill Comande.
mentis of God. ^hatfoever that ye -xaU that Men JckU do lo/to yo-va^ eviv fo
do ye unto thame ; for this is the Law and the Propheitis. He that lovit his Nych-
bour filfillil the Law ; Ihow fall not comitt Adulterie^ Ihavo fall not kill^ <rixKO
fall not fteill^ Tbo-w faU not hetr fais IVitnes againft thy Nychhoto; <Thovj fall not
defyre, and fo furthe, gif thair be any uther Comandement, all ar compre-
hendit under this Saying, Love thy Nyrhhiir as thy j'elf. He that lovethe bis
Nychbour keipethe all the Comandement is of God^ Rom. xiii. Gal. v. He
that lovethe God^ lovethe his Nychbour^ i Jo. iv. Ergo^ He that lovethe God
keipethe his Comandementis. He that haithe the Fayth, luifit God j My fa.
ther luifit yo-w, bee aufe ye luiffit me, and belevit that I cam of God. He that
haitbe the Fayth keipethe all the Comandementis of God ; He that hathe
the Fayth lovit God-, and he that lovit God keipethe all the Comandementis
of God: Ergo, He that haithe Fayth keipethe all the Comandementis of God.
He that keipethe one Comandement, keipethe thame all, tor without Fayth
it is impofTibill to keip ony of the Comandementis of God ; and he that hes
Fayth keipis all the Comandementis of God ; Ergo, He that keipis one Co.
mandement keipethe thame all. He that keipethe not all the Comandementis
of God, he keipeth nane of thame ; he that keipethe one of the Comande-
mentis of God, keipes all : Ergo, He that keipes not all the Comand-
ementis, he keipes nane of thame. It is not in our Power with-
out Graice to keipe ony of Godis Comandimentis, and Graice is not
in our Power : Ergo, It is is not in our Power to keipe ony of xhe
G;mandementis of God. Evin (b may yow reaflToun concerning the Holie
Ghoift and Fayth. The Law was gevin to fchawe us our Synnes. Be
the Law citmmis the Kna'^ledge of Synne ; I knew not quhat Synne menit hot
ihroughe the Law. I knew not quhat Luifi menit, except the Law had f aid Thow
fall not liiiji. IVithout Law Sinne was deid, that is, moved me not j ney-
ther wift I that it was Synne, whiche notwithftanding was Sin, and forbidden
be the Law. The Law biddethe us do that whiche is impolTibill for us for ic
biddis us keip all the Comandementis of God; and yit it is not in our Powec
to keip any of thame: Ergo, It biddis us do that whiche is impoflibill for us
Thow wilt fay, Quhairfoir doith God comand us that whiche is impofTibill for
us ? I anfwer, To mak the know, that thow art bot evill, and that thair is no
Remedie to fave the in thyne awin Hand, and that thow mufl feik Remedie
at fum uther: For the Law doethe nothing bot comand the.
Of the Gofpell.
THe Gofpell is alfmuche to fay in our Toungis, as gude Tydings, Jyk as
everie one of thefe Sentences be.
Chrifl is the Saviour of the Warld. Chrift is our Saviour. Chrift died for
us. Chrif^ died for our Synnes. Chrifl offered himfelf for us. Chrift bare
our Sinnes upoun his Back. Chrift bocht us with his Bloode. Chrift wofche
us wifh his Blode. Chrift came in the Warld x6 fave Sinneris. Chrift came
in this Warld to tak away our Synnis. Chrift was the Price that was gevin
for us, and for our Synnis. Chrift was maid Dettor for eur Synnis. Chrift
haithe pay it our Dett; For he died for us. Chrift hathe maid Satisfatioun for
us, and for our Synnis. Chrift is our Richteofnes. Chrift is our Wif?ome.
Chrift is our Sanftificatioun. Chrift is our Redemptioun. Chrift is our Sa.*
^ 2 tisfaaioun.
e*'
8 T^he Hiftorie of the Re/ormatiomi
tisfaftioun. Chrift is our Gudenes. Chrift hes pacifyit the Father of Heviri.
Chrift is ours, and all his. Chrift hes deliverit us from the Law, from the
Devill, and from Hell. The Father of Hevin hes forgevin us for Chriftis Saik.
Or, anye lliche uther, as declair unto us the Mercyis of God.
The Nature of the Law and of the Gofpell.
THe Law fchawis us our Synne, our Condemnatioun, is the Word of
Ire, is the Word of Difpair, is the Word of DifplefTor.
The Gofpell fchawis us a Remedie for it, our Redemptioun, is the Word
of Grace, is the Word of Comfort, is the Word of Peace.
A Difputatioun hetwix the Law and the Gofpell.
^He Law fayethe. Pay thy Det, Thow art a Synner difperat, Thow fall
die.
The Gofpell fayethe, Chrift haithe payit it. Thy Synnes ar forgevin the,
Be of gude Comfort, Thow (all be (avit.
The Law fayethe, Mak Amendis for thy Synne, The Father of Hevin is
wrath with the, Quhair is thy Ryghteufiies, Gudnes, and Satisfadioun ? Thow
art bound and obligat unto me, the Devill and Hell.
TheGofpell fayethe, Chrift hathe maid it for the, Chrift hes pacifyit him with
his Bloode ; Chrift is thy Rychteoufnes, Goodnes, and Satisfadioun, Chrift hes
deliverit the from thame all.
Of Faythe.
FAythe is to beleve God, lyk as Abrahame belevit God^ and it was comptit
to him for Rychteoufnes. He that beleveth God, beleveth his Word. To
beleve in him is to beleve his Word, and accompt it trew that he fpeikes ; he
that belevit not Godis Word, beleves not himfelf, he comptit him fals and a
Lier, and belevit not that he may and will fulfill his Word .• And fb he de-
nyerhe bothe the Mycht of God and himfelf
Faythe is the Gift of God ; eny good Thing is the Gift of God; Faythisgood:
Ergo^ Fayth is the Gift of God. The Gift ofGod is not in ourPower ; Fayth is the
Gift of God: Ergo^ Fayth is not in our Power. Without Faythe it is impofTibill
to pleis God, all that cumeth not of Fayth is Sinne ; for without Fayth can
no Man pleis God. Befydis that he that lackethe Faythe, he truftes not God ;
He that truftethe not God, truftethe not in his Word ; He that truftethe not
in his Word, haldethe him fals and a Lier ; He that haldethe him fals and a
Lier, he belevethe not that he may do that he promilTit, and fb denyit he, that
he is God. And how can a Man being of this FafTioun pleis God .' No Ma-
ner of Wayis, yea fuppois he did all the Wark of Men and Angellis. All
that is done in Fayth pleifTit God ; Rycht is the Word of God, and all his
Warkis in Fayth. Lord, thyne Eyis luik to Fayth ; that is alfmuche to fay as.
Lord, thow delytteft in Fayth, God loveth him that beleivethe in him : How
can thay than difpleis him ; he that hes the Fayth is juft and goode, and a goode
Trie bringethe furthe goode Fruite : Ergo^ All that is in Fayth done pleifethe
God. Moreover he that had the Fayth beleved God ; He that belevethe God,
belevethe his Word; Ha that beleveth his Words, wotethe weill that he is trew
' and
Lib. I. ^/ Rcligiounin Scotland.
and faythtlll, and may not lie: Eor knawethc wcill that he may, and will
bothc, tulfill his VVorde. How can he than dii'pleis him? For thow canft
not do ane gritter Honour unto Gcd, than to ccmpt him trcw. Thow will
than fay, That Thift, Murther, Adulterie and all Vices jleis Gcd ? Ncne ve-
rilie for thay can not be dene in Fayth ; for a gudeTrie bearcthc gudc Fruite.
He that hairhe the Faythe wotethe weill that he plcifethe Gcd ; for all that is
done in Faythe pleifethe God. Fayth is a Surenes, Fayth is a Jure Covfidence
of thingisthat ar hop'it for, and a Certaiui'te of ihhigis '■jchiche ar mt feen. The
fame Sfiiit certifeit our Spirit that ik.e ar the the Children of God. Moreover, he
that had the Faythe wottethe weill that God will lullfill his Worde : Ergo.,
Fayth is a Surenes.
A Man is juflifyit be Faythe.
ABrahame belevit God., and it was imputed to him for Rychteoufues. Wc
fuppone thairfoir, That a Man is juftifyit Clayethe the Apcftle ^ ifjith-
out the If' arks of the Laiv; he that workethe not, but belevit in him that ju-
ftifyit the Ungodlie, his Fayth is countit unto him for Rychteoufnes. Thi
juji Man le-vithe by Faith, Abac. ii. Rom. i. We wait that a Man that is jufti-
fy'it, is not juftityir be the VVarkis of the Law, bot be the Faythe of Jefu3
Chrift, and not be the Deidis ot the Law.
T
Of the Fayth of Chrift,
'He Fayth of Chryft is to beleve in him, that is to beleve his Wordj
' JL ^"'^ ^° beleve, that he will help the in all thy Neid, and deliver rhe
frc me Evill. Thow wih a'k me quhat Word ? I anfwer. The Gofpell. He
that belevit in Chrift lal be lavit ; he that belevit the Scne hath eternal Lyif!
yeralie, veralte I Jay unto yoisj, he that belevethe in me haithe eternal! Lyif. 'This
I iiuryte unto yow, that heleving in the Name of the Sone of God, ye may knaw that
ye have eternall Lyif. Th' mas, becaus thcw hes fein me tho'we belevis, bot happie
ar thay that have not fein, and yit beleve in me. All the Frophetis to him heir
Witnes, That quhofoever beleveth in him fall have Remefsioim of thair Sinnes.
^that mofi I do that I may be favit ? The Apoftleanfwerit, Beleve in the Lord
"Jefus Chrift, and thow fhalt be favit. Gif tho'jo acknowledge with the Mouth,
that Jefus is the Lord, and beleve in thine Hatrt that God rafsit him up frame
the Deathe, thow fal be faved. He that belevis not in Chrift fal be condemn-
ed, he that belevis not in the Sone fall never fie Lyiff, bot the Yre of God a*
lyaethe upon him. The Holie Ghoft fall repruiff the IVarld of Sinne, be-
caus thai beleve not in me • they that belevis in Jefus Chrift ar the Sonnis of
God. Ye ar all the Sonnis of God, becaus ye beleve in Jefus Chrift He that
ielevis Chrifi the Sonne of God is fave. Piter faid, Thow art Chrift the Sone of the
leving God. Jefus anfwerit anc/ fa id unto him, Happie art thcw S'lvnoun theSonf
of Jonas, for Flefche and Bloode hathe not oppinnit unto the that, bot my Father
•wbicbe is in Hevin. JVe have belevit and knawin, that thow art Chrift the Sone
cf the leving God, whiche fould come in the World. I beleve, that thow
art Chrift the Sone ',f the leving God which fould cum into the World. T):efe
Things ar written that ye mycht beleve that Jefus is the Sone of God, and
that in beleving ye mycht have Lyif. I beleve that Jefus is the Sone of the
leving God. He that belevethe God belevethe the Gofpell. He that belevethe
C God
lo The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
God belevethe his Word, and the Gofpell is his Word j thairfore he that be-
leveth God belevethe his Gofpell.
As Chrift is the Saviour of the Warld, Chrift is our Saviour. Chrift bocht
us with his Bloode. Chrift wifche us with his Bloode. Chrift offred himfelf
for us. Chrift bare our Synnes upoun his Back. He that belevis not his Go-
fpell, belevit not God. He that belevit not Godis Worde, belevit nor himfelf-
And the Gofpell is Godis Worde : Ergo, He that belevit not the Gofpell, be!
levit not God himfelf, and confequentlie thay that beleve not as is above writ-
tin and fuche uther, beleve not God. He that belevis the Gofpell (al be lavit.
Go ye into all the World, and preache the Gofpell uiito everie Creature. He that be-
levit and is batiffit fal be favit • bat he that belevit not falbe condemned.
A Campari foun betwix Fayth and IncreduUtie.
FAythe is the Root of all Gude ; makethe God and Man Freinds j bring-
ethe God and Man togither.
IncreduUtie is the Rute of all Evill ; makethe thame deidlie Fais ; bring-
ethe thame fundrie.
All that proceidethe from Fayth pleifethe God. All that proceidethe from
IncreduUtie difpleifethe God. Faythe onlie makethe a Man good and rychte-
ous. IncreduUtie makethe him injuft and evill. Fayth onelie makethe a Man
the Member of Chrift, the Inheritour of Hevin, the Servant of God. Fayth
fchawethe God to be a fweit Father. Fayth haldethe ftif by the Worde of
God, countethe God to be trew. Faythe knowethe God, lovethe God and his
Nychbour. Faythe onelie (aveth, extollethe God and his Works.
IncreduUtie makethe him the Member of the Devill, the Inheritour of
HeU, the Servant of the Devill. IncreduUtie makethe God a terrible Judge.
It caufethe Man wander heir and thair, makethe him fals and a Lier. la.
credulitie knawethe him not. IncreduUtie lovethe neyther God nor Nychbour,
onely condemnethe, extollith Flefche and hir awin Deidis.
Of Hope.
HOpe is a Truiftie luiking for of Thingis that ar promeiffit to come ua-
to us, as we hope the evirlafting Joy quhilk Chrift hes promeiffit unto
aU that beUeve in him. We Ibuld put our Hope and Truft in God onJje, and
in no uther Thing // is gude to truift in God, and not in Man: He that
triiftethe in his awin Hart he is a Foole. It is gude to truift in God, and not in
Princes : They /hall be lyk unto Images that make thame, and alt that truifi in
thame : He that truiftethe in his awin T'hochtis dois ungodlie : Qirftt be he that
that truiftethe in Man : Bid the riche Men of this Warld, that thai truift not
in thair unftahill Riches, but that thai truft in the leving God: It is hard fot
thame that truift in Money to enter into the Kingdoine of God, Mairover, we
fbuld truft in him onelie, that he may help us ; ergo, we fould cruft in him
onelie. Weill is him that truftis in God, and wo to him thaf truft him not.
Weill is the Man that truftis in God, for God fal be his Truift: He th^
truftethe in him fall underftand the Treuthe, They fhall all rejoyfs that_ truft in
the, they fall all evir he glaid, and th<m mil defend thame.
Li B. I. of Religiotm in Scotland. 1 1
Of Q:aritie.
CHaritie is the Love of thy Nychbrur : The RolIIc of Charitie is, To
do as thtw waldcft war done iinro the; (or Charitie clknncth all aljk,
the Ryche and the Pure, the Freind and the Foe, the thanklui and unthank-
ful the Rinfman and Stranger.
A Comfarifmw betwix Fatthy Hope^ and Ckaritie.
FAyth cumethe of the Worde of God : Hope cumethe of Fayth \ And
Charitie fpringcthe of thanie baithe. Fayth belevethe the Worde j
H'jpe truiftes efter that whiche is promeflitbe the "Worde; and Charitie drith
eude to hir Nychbour, throuche the Love that fche has to Gcd, and Gladres
that is within herfelf, and Fayth luikethe to God and his Word, Hope lork-
etjie to his Gift and Rewarde, Cheritie loukcthe unto hir Nychbours Profeit;
Faythe'rtceavLthe God, Hope receavethe his Rewarde, Cheritie loiktthe unto
hir Nychbour with a E;Iaid Hairr, and that without ony Refpcft of Rewaird ;
Faythe perteinit to God onlie, Hope to his Rewarde, and Cheritie to hir
Nychbour.
Of goode IVorkis.
NO maner of Warkis mak us rychteous : We beleve that a Man fal be juf-
tifyit without Warks. No Man isjuftityit be the Deidis of the Law,
bot be the Fayth of JefiJsChrift ; and we beleive in Jefus Chrift that we may
be juftifyit be the Fayth of Chrift, and not be the Deidis cf the Law Gif
Rychteoufiies came be the Law thane Chrift died in vain ; that no Man is
juftifyit be the Law it is manifeft, for a rychteous Man levethe be his Fayth j
bot the Law is not of Fayth, Mairover, fince Chrift the Maker ot Heavin
and Earthe, and all that thairin is, behovit to die for us, we ar compellit to
grant that we war fo far drowmt in Synne, that neyther our Deidis, nor all
the Creatures that evir God maia or mycht mak, mycht have helpit us out of
thame: £;-^o, no Deidis nor Waikis may mak us rychteous: No Warcks
macks us unrychteous, for gif ony Warks maid us unrychtecus than the con-
trary Warks wald mak us rychteous. Bot it is provin that no Warkis can
mak us rychteous : Ergo^ No Warkis mak us unrychteous.
Worhs mak us myther good nor evill.
IT is provin that Warkis neyther mak us rychteous nor unrychteous : Frg&y
Na Warkis neyther mak us gccde nor evill, for rychteous and goode ap
bothe one Thing, and unrychteous and evill, one. Good Waikis mak not
a good Man, nor evill Warkis ane e\'ill Man ; bot a good Man mskethp
good Warkis, and ane evill Man evill Warkis. Goode Fruit makethe not the
Trie gude, nor evill Fruit the Trie evill, brt a goode Trie beirethe gccde
Fruit, and a evill Trie evill Fruit : A gccde Man cannot do evill \Vorkis, ror
ane evill Man gccde Workis, for ane evill Trie cannot beir gccd Fruit, ror
a gocde Trie evill Fruit. A Man is gcode hefoir he do gccde Workis, and
ane evill Man is evill befoir he do evill Workis, for the Trie is goode befoir
C 2 n
1 2 The Htjlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
it beir goode Fruit, and evill befoir it beir evill Fruit : Everie Man is eyther
goode or evill; ether mak the Trie goode and the Fruit goode alfo, or ellis
mak the Trie evill,. and the Fruit lyikwyis evill alfo, Everie Mannis Work is
ether goode or evill, for all Fruits is ether goode or evill, ether mak the
Trie goode and the Fruite alio, or ellis mak the Trie evill and the Fruit of
it lyikwyifs evill al(b. A goode Man is knawin be his Warkis, for a goode
Man doethe goode Workis, and ane evill Man evill Warkis, Te fall kmw
thcime be thair Fruith^ for a goode Trie bringethe furthe goode Fruittey
and an evill Trie evill Fruit. A Man is liknit to the Trie, and his Warkis to
the Fruit of the Trie. Beware of the fah Propheitis whiche come unto you in
Scheipis clothing^ bot inwaralie thai ar ravonning WolffeSy ye fall knaw thame be
thair Fruittis. ^
1
None of our JVorkis nether fave us nor condeme us.
'T is provin that no Warkis make us eyther rychteous or unrychteous,
goode nor evill ; bot firft we ar goode betoir that we do goode Workis,
and evill befoir we do evill Workis : Ergo.^ No Work neyrher condeme us
nor fave us. Tliou wilt (ay than makethe it no Matter quhat we do ? I an-
fwer the, Yis. For gif you do evill, it is a (ure Argument that thow art
evill and wantis Fayth ; gif yow do gude, it is ane Argument that thow art
gude and hes Fayth ; for a gude Trie heirethe gude Fruit., and an evill Trie
evill Fruit \ Yit gude Fruit makethe not the Trie gude, nor evill Fruit the
Trie evill, (b that Man is goode befoir he do guide Warkis, and evill be-
^ foir he do evill Warkis, The Man is the Trie, the Warkis ar the Fruite,
Fayth mwkethe the good Trie, Incredulitie the evill Trie: Suche a Trie,
fuc he a Fruite, fuche Man, fuche Warkis : For all that is done in Fayth
plealethe God, and ar goode Warkis, and all that is done without Fayth
difpleaffethe God, and ar evill Warkis. Quhofbever thinkethe to be favit be
his Warks, denyethe that Chrift is our Saviour, and that Chrift died for him ;
and fynallie all Thing that belangethe to Chrift. For how is he thy Saviour,
gif thow mycht (ave thy felf with thy Warkis ? Or to quhat End (buld he
have died for the, gif any Warks of thyne rr^cht have laved the ? Quhat is
this to fay, Chrift died for the ? Is it not that thow fbuldeft have died per-
petuallie, and that Chrift to deliver the frome Deithe died for the, and chang-
ed thy perpetuall Deithe in his awin Deithe ? For thow maideft the Fault,
and he futferit the Pane, and that for the Love he buir to the, befoir evir
thow waft borne, when thow haddeft done neyther goode nor evill. Now
fince he hes payit thy Det, thow dielt not ; no thow cancft not, bot fbuldeft
have bein damned, gif his Deithe war nor. Bot fiiir he was punifched for
the, thow fall not be punifched. Finally, he hes delyverit the frome the
Condemnatioun, and defyrit nocht of the, bot that thow fbuldeft acknawledge
quhat he hes done for the, and beir it in mynd, and that thow waldeft helpe
uther for his Saik bothe in Word and Deid, evin as he had helpit the for
nocht, and without Reward. O hdw readie wald we be lo helpe uthers,
gif we knew his Gudnes, and Gentilnes towards us ? He is a gude and a
gentil Lord, and he dois all Thingis for nocht. Lat us, I befeik yow, follow
his Futefteppis, whome all the Warld aucht to prayis and worfchipe. Amen.
He
IB. 1. of KcLgwun in Scotland. 13
He that thiiiketh to he favit be his IVorhs, caUeth hmfelf Chr'tjt.
FOr he calleth himfelf a Saviour, whiche apperteincthe to Chrift onlie.
"What is a Saviour ? Bet he that faYtthe. And rhow laycft, I fave my
Icit", w hiche is alsmuche to fay, as, I am Chrift ; for Chnft is cnclie the Sa-
viour of the "Warld. We (buld do no go( dt Workis lor that intent to get
the Inheritance ot Heavin or Rtmifiioun of Synnes throw thnme, for quhofb-
cvir l)elevethe to get the Inheritance of Hevin or Remiflioun of Synnes throw
"Warkis, he belevis not to get that for Chriliis Saik. And thai that beltve
that thair Synnes ar not forgevin tharre, and that thai fal nor be favit for
ChriftisSaik, they beleve not the Gofpell ; for the Gofpell (ayethe, Thou fal
be favit for Chnftis Saik ; Synnes ar forgevin you for Chriftis Saik. He that
belevethe rot the Golpell, helevethe not God : and corrfequentlie, they that
beleve to be faived by thair Warkis, or to get Remiflioun of Synnes be thair
awin Deidis, beleve not God, bot recount him a Lier, and ib utterhe deny
him to be G'^d. Thrw wilt fay, Sail we then do no good Workis ? I f^y
nor lb : Bot I (ay, we fbuld do no gude Warkis, tor that Intent to ger the
Kingdome of Hevin, or RemifTioun of Synnes j for gifl we beleve ro ger the
Inheritance of Hevin throw gude Workis, then We beleve not to get it throw
the Promeis of God. Or gif we think to get RemifTioun of our Synnes, as (aid
is, we beleve not that thai ar forgevin us by Chriff, and fb we count God a
Liar j for God fayethe,Thou fhall have the Inheritance of Hevin for my Sonnes
Saik. You fay. It is not ib, bot I win it throw my awin Works. So I con-
demne not i.ood Workis, but I condemne the fals Truft in ony Workis for
all the Work a Man puttethe Confidence in, ar thairwith iqtoxicat or im-
poyfbnir and become evil!.
Quhairfoir do gude Workis, bot bewar thow do thame to get ony goode
throw thjime, for gif thow do, thow receaveft the Good, not as the Gift of
Gcd, bot as Debt unto the, and maikeft thy felf Fellow with God, becaus
thcw will tak nothing frome him for nochr. What neidethe he anie Thing
of thyne, quho geveth all Thing, and is nor rhe poorer.? Thairfoir do no-
thing ro him, bor rak of him, for he is a genrill Lord, and wirh ane glaider
Hsirt will give us all Thingis rhar we neid, rhan we rak ir of him. So rhat
gif we wanr anie Thing, ler us wyrte our felfFes. Preis nor rhen ro rhe In-
henrance of Hevin, throw Prefumptioun of thy good Workis; for gif thow
do, thow compteft rhy felf holy and equall unro him, becaus thow wilt tak
nothing of him fbr nocht; and fb fall rhow fall as Lucifer fell frcme the He-
vin tor his Pryde. This ends the (aid Mr. Patricks Arrickles. And (o we
rerume to our Hiftorie.
When thofe cruell Wolffis had (as thai fuppofed) clein devoured the Prey
they fand thamefelfis in wors cais than rhay war befoir , for rhen within St.
Jndrois^ yea, almoft within rhe haill Realme (who hard of that Faft) thair
was none fund who began nor ro enquire, quhairfoir wes Mr. Patrick Hau-
rmlioun brount? And quhen his Arricklis wer reherfir, Queftioun was haldin
gife fucht Arrickles war neceffar to be belevir under the Pane of Damnatiouii*
And !o within fchorr fpaice mony began to call in doubt rhar whiche befoir
thay held for a certane Veririe, in fo muche rhar rhe Univerfirie oi^i.Arjdroi^
ard Sr. leonards College princip?llie, be rhe Labcrrs cf Mr. Gawane Lceie
and the Novirtis of the Abbey be rhe Supprjor, began to fmell lumquhat of
^ the
1 4 The Hijlorie of the Reformatioun Lib- I.
the Veritie, and to efpy the Vanifie of the receaved Superftitioun ; yea with-
in few Yeirs efter begane bayth blak and gray Freiiis publicilie to preiche
aganis the Pryde and ydiU LyifFof Bifchopis, and aganift the Abuifs of the"
hole Ecclefiafticall Eftait; amongeft quhome was onecaWitFreirfVilliamJiitbet
quho,in a Sermone preiched in Dundiefyak fumquhat nioir liberallie againft the
licentious Lyif of the Bifchopis nor they could Weill beir. He fpak farther
againft the Abufe of Curfing and of Miracles. The Bifchope o'i Brechine^ hav-
ing his Placeboes and Jackmen in the Toun, buflfettit the Freir, and callit
him Heretyck. The Freir impatient of the Tnjurie receavit, paft to St. An-
droifs, and did communicat the Heidis of his Sermone with Mr. Johine Matr^-
whole Word than was haldin as ane Oracle in Matteris of Religioun ; and
being aflurit of him, that fliche Doftrine mycht Weill be defendit, and that
he wald defend it, for it conteined no Herefie. Thair was a Day apointit tor
the {aid Freir, to mak Repetitioun of the fame Sermone : And Advertife-
ment wes gevin to all fuche as wes of^endit at the former to be prefenr. And
(b in the Paroche Kirk of St. Aiidroifs^ upoun the Day appointit, appeared the
(aid Freir, and had amongft his Auditours, Mr. Johnm Mair^ Mr. George Lock-
arty the Abott o{ Cambufkennethe^ Mr, Patrick Hepburne Pryor then of St. Att-
dro'tfsy with all the Doctors and Maifters of the tfniverfities. The Theme of
his Sermone was, Veritie is the firongefi of allThingis. His Difcours of curfing
was. That gif it war rychtlie ufit, it was the moili feirfuU Thing upoun the
Face of the Earth ; for it was the verie Separatioun of Man from God ; hot,
that it fbuld not be uffit rafchlie, and for everie 13'cht Caus, but onelie againfl
oppin and incorrigibill Sinneris : Bot now, (aid he, the Avarice of Preiftis,
and the Ignorance of thair Office, hes caulTit it altogither to be vilipendir*
For the Preift, (aid he, whole Dewtie and Office if is to pray for the Pepill^
ftandis up one Sonday, and cryis, ^Ane hes tint a Spurtill ; thair is a Flaill ftoua
* beyoind the Burne j the Cudwyif of the uther fyid of the Gait hes tint a Horde
' Spone ; Godis malefoun and myne I give to thame that knawis of this Geif^
* and rtftoiris it not.' How the Pepill mocked thair curffing, he farther tauld a
mirrie Taill, How efter a Sermone that he had at Dumfenneling^ he cam to 3
H'ufe quhair GofTopis war drinkane thair Sondayis pennie; and he being dry^
askit drink; Yis Fayther (laid ane of the Goffopisy ye fall have drink, bot
ye man firft refblve ane Dout quhilk is riffin among us, to w;V, quhat Servant
will ferve a Man beft on leift Expenfes } The gude Angle, faid I, quho is
Mannis keipar, quho makes grit Service without Expens. Tufche, laid the
Goflipe, we mein no fo heiche Matteris ; we meane, Quhat horieft Man will
do gritteft Service for leift Expens. And quhill I was muffing, faid the Freir,
quhat that fbuld mein, he faid, *I fie, Father, that the gritteft Clerkis ar not the
' wifeftMen. Rnaw ye not how the Bilchopis and thair Officiallis lervis us
* Houfbandmen? Will thay not gif us a Letter of curfing for a Plak, to left for
* a Yeir,to curs all that luik over our Dyik, and that keipis bur Corne better
* rior the fleiping Boy that will have thrie Schillingis of Fie, a Sark, and a
* Fair of Schone in theYeir; and thairfbir gif thair curfing daw dny Thing,we
' hald the Bifchoppis beft cheip Servantis in that 'Behalf, that 'air within the
* Realme.' As concerning Mirackles, he declaired quhat Diligence the Anci-
ents rook to try trew Miracles frome fals. Bot how, faid he, Gredines of
Preiftis not only receave fals Miracles, bot alfb thei chisrifs and iies Knaves
for that Purpois, that thair Chapells may be the better renowned, and 'thair
ofTerand may be augmentit. And thairupoun ar many Chappellis foUndit, as
• that
Lib. I. QJ Rcligjoim in Scotland- i^
fhat our Ladie war mychtierj and that fche took mor PlelTur in one Place
than in anc uther ; as of lait Dayis our Ladie of Kerfgrange hes hoppit fra
ane groin Hillock to ane uther: But honeli Men of St. Aiuiioifs, laid he,
e;if ye love your Wyifis and Dochtcrs, haid thame at Hame, or ellis (end
tliame in honeft Cunipanie ; for git ye knew quhat Miracles war kythit
thair ye wald thank God nor our Ladie. And this he mirralie tantit thair
Tryiftis o\ Huredome and Adulterie uflit at fuche Devotioun. Ane uther Ar-
tickle wes judgit more hard, for he allegit the comoun Law, That the civill
Magiftrate mycht corrcft the Kirkmen, and deprive thame of thair Benefices
for oppin Vices. One uther Day the fame Frcir maid ane uther Sermone
of the Abbote UnrealJ'one, unto whom, and quhais Lawis he compairit Pre-
latis of that Age ; for thai was fubdewit to na Lawis, na mair than was the
Abbote Unreafn>7e. And among uther Things he tauld fuch a mirrie Bourde :
Thair was, laid he, a Prelate, or at leift a Prelattis Pere, a trew Servant to*
the King ot Love, quho upoun a Nycht efter Supper, asked at his Gcntill-'
men, be the Fa>th that thai aucht to the Ring of Love, that thai fbuld trew*
lie declair how money findrie Women eny ane of thame have had, and how
mony of thame war Mennis Wyifis. Ane anfwerit, he had lyne with fyve,
and two of thame war marryed. The uther anfwerit, I have had levin, and
thrj of thame are maryed. It cam at laft to my Lord himfelf, who macking
verie nyce for a litill fpaice, gave in the end an plane ConfcfTioun, and laid, I
am the youngeft Man, and yit have I had the round Defbun, and fevin of
thame ar Mennis Wyiffis. Now, (aid the Freir, this God and Ring of Love
to quhom our Prelattis makis Homage, is the Mail^er Devill of Hell, frome
quhome fuche Fruittis do proceid. This Prelat was knawin be his proper
T> kins to have bein Pryor Patrick Heplninie^ now Bifchop o( Murray, quho
to rhis Diy hes continued in the ProfefTioun, that he anis maid to his God
and Ring of Love.
It was fbppofed notwithfhnding this Rynd of Preiching, that this Freir
remainit Papifl in his Hairt, for the reft of the Freirs feiring to lois the
Benediftiouns of the Bifchopis, to "jjit, thair Malt and thair Meill, and thair
uther apointed Penfiouns, caulTit the Freir to flie to Ii/g/aiiJ, quhair for De-
fence of the Paip and Papiftrie, he was imprifonit at Ring Haryis Comand j
bot fo it pleifit God to oppin the Mouth of Bakames awin AlTe, to cry out a-
gainis the vitious Lyifs of the Clergie of that Age. Schort efter this, new Con-
fultatioun was takin that flim fbuld be burnit, for Men began verie liberallie to
fpeik. A mirrie Gentilman namit Jobae LhtJefay, Familiar to EiCchope Jiinies
Beatottn^ (landing by quhen Confultation was had, (aid, My Lore/, gif ye burnt
any Man^ except ye follow my Counfuill, ye will utterlie diftroy your Jelfis ; gif
ye will hurne thame, lat thame be burnit in how Sellaris, for the Reik of Mr. Pa-
trick Hamitoun hes infeflit ah mony as it did hlaw upoun. This it pleifit God,
that they (buld be tauntit in thair awin Faces. But heir foUowis the moift
mirrie of all. Satidie Furrour, quho had bein imprifbned fevin Yeirs in the
Tour of Liindone, Sir Jolme Dungwell, according x.o the Charitie ot Rirkmen,
interteinit his Wyiff, and waiftit the poor Manis Subftance ; for the whiche
Cau(s, at his returning, he fpak moir liberalie of Preiftis than thai could beir,
and fo wes he delaittit to be accufed of Herefie, and call it to his Anfwer to
St. Androifs. He lap up mirralie upoun the Scaffald, and carting a Gamound,
faid, Quhair ar the reli of the Playeris ? Mr, Andrew Oliphante offendit thair-
with feid, Zf fal be no Play to yowy Sir, befoir ye depart e ; and fo began -o reid
Da his
1 6 The Hijtone of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
his Acculatioun. The firft Artickle quhairof wes, 'J'hat he defpyttit the Mefs.
His Anfwer was, / heir mo Meffis in eight Dayis^ then thre Bifchopis thair fitting
fayis in a Teir. Accuftd (ecoundlie, J^or Contemptioun of the Sacramentis. The
PreifiiSi (aid he, was the moift comoun Contemnars of Sacramentis^ and efpecialie
of Matoimonie ; and that he witneflit be many thair pre(ent of the Preiftis, and
namit the Menis Wyiffis with quhonie tiiey had medlit, efpeciahe Sir Johne
Dimgweil!^ quho had levin Yeirs togither abufit his awin Wyift, and confumed
his Subftance. And fayis, Becaufe I complein of fick Injuries^ I am heir fiimond
and accufftt^ as ane that is worthie to he burnit : For Godis Cawfs^ (aid he, will ye
tak Wyiffis of your awin^ that I and uthefr quhais IVyiffis ye have abuiffit^ may, be
revengit upoun yow. Than Bifchope Gawane Dunhar^ namit the auld Bilchope
of Abirdein^ thinking to ju(^ifie himfelf betoir the pepiU, (aid, Carle, thow fait
not know my Wyif. The (aid Alexander anfwer it. My Lord, ye ar to auld, hot
•with the Graice of God, I fall drink with your Docker hefoir I depairt. And
thairat was fmyling of the '-efl, and loude Lauchter of fum ; for the Bifchope
had a D )chter marryit with Androvo Balfour in that fame Town. Thane the
Bifchopis bad, Away with the Carh. Bot he anfwerit, Nay, I will not depairt
this Hour, for I have more to fpeik againft the Vyces of Prei/iis, than lean exprefs
this haill Day. And fb efter divers Purpofes, thei comandit him to burne
his Bill ; and he demanding the Caufs, they faid, Becaufs ye have Ipokin thefe
Artickles quhairof yow ar accufed. His Anfwer was. The mekill Devil heir thame
away, that frji and lafi fpak thame. And fa he tuk the Bill, and chawing it,
he efierward fpat it in Mr. Andrew Oliphantis Face. Saying, Now, burne it or
drown it, whether ye will, ye fall heir no moir of me ; bot I muili have ftmquhat of
everie ane of yow, to begin my Pack againe, quhilk a Preift and my IVyfe, a Preiftis
Hure hes fpende. And fa every Prelat and riche Preifl, glaid to be quyte of
his evill, gave him fumquhat, and fb depairtit he ; 'or he underftoode nothing
of Religion. Bot fo feirfull it was to fpeik any thing againfl Preifts, that the
leifl Worde fpokin againfl thame, yea albeit it war fpoken in a Mans Sleip,
was judgit Herefie ; and that was praftifit upoun Rychard Carmihill, yit alyve in
Fyte, who being young and a Singer in the Chapell Royall of Stirling, hapnit
in his Sleip to fay. The Devill tak away the Preiftis, for thai ar a gredie Pack.
He was thairfoir acculTit be Sir Johne Clappertoun T)Sm of the faid Chapell, was
compellit thairfoir to burne his Bill. Bot God fchort efter rayflit up againft
thame flronger Championnis. For Alexander Seytoun, a black Freir of gude
Leirning and Effiniatioun, began to tax the corrupt Duftrine of the Papiftrie.
For the Spaice of a whole Lent, he taucht the Comandimentis of God onelie,
ever beatten in the Eiris of his Auditours, 'Jhat the Law of God had of many
Yeirs not hein trewlie taucht ; for Mennis Traditiouns had obfcurit the Puritie of- it,
Thefe wer his accuflomed Propofitiouns. Firfl, Chrifl Jefus is the End and
PerfeHioun of the Law. 2d. Thair is no Sin quhair God's Layt is not violated. 3d.
To fatisfye for Synnes, lyis not in Mannis Power, bot the Remifsiom thairof
cumetfie he unfenyeit Repentance, and the Fayth apprehending God the Father mercy ~
full in Chryfi Jefus his Sone. Whill oftentymes he puttis Auditours in Mvnd of
thefe and the lyk Heidis ; he maks no Mentioun of Purgatorie, Pardones,
Pilgrimages, Prayers to Sanftis, nether of fuche Triffilles: The dum Df ftours,
and the refl of that foirfworne Rabill, began to fufpedt him , and yit thei faid
nothing publicklie till Lent was endit, and he pafTit to Dundie; and thane in
his Abfence, hyred for that Purpois, opinlie condemned the hclie D ftrine,
•whiche befoir hehaid taucht, whiche cuming to his Eiris, the faid Freir A-
lexander
,iB. I. of Religiotinin Scotland. 17
hsander thane being in Dimdie, without Delay he returned to St. Andro'tfi^
cauffit immcdiatlie to jow the BcII, and to give Significatioun that he wald
rreiche, as that he did indeid,in the wliiche Sermone he affirmed, and that more
phnelie than at any uther Tyme, whatfoevcr he had taucht in all his Scr-
mens befoir the hole Lent tyde preceiding. Adding, " That within Scotland
*' thair war no trew Bilchoppis, gif that Bifchopis fouid be knawin be ficl;
*' Noccsand Vertewis, as Sanft /'j/r// rcquycres in Bifchopis." This Dclaciouri
flew with Winges to the Bifchopis Eirs, quho, but farder Delay, fend for the
faid Frier Alexander^ quho began greavouflie to complain, and icharplie to ac-
cufe that he had fo flanderouflie fpokin of the Dignitie of Bifchopis, as to (ay,
^<j/ It hehovit a B'ljchofe to he a Freickir, or cll'is he injas hot a dmmne Dog, and
fed not the flock^ hot- fed h:s a^xin Bellie. The Man being wittie, and myndit
of that quhilk was ane maift alfured Defence, (aid, My Lord, the Reporters of
fick 'fbingts ar manifeft L'leris. Quhairat the Bifchopc rejoylTit, and (aid. Tour
Anfwer pleifsis we "jcehl; I nevir could think of yo'j), that ye wald have bein Jo foo-
lifcbe as to affinne fick Thingis : ^dmir ar thay Knaves that hes hrocht me this
Taill? Quho compeiring, and affirming the fame that thai did befoir; he
ftiU replyit, That thai 'xar Lieris. Bot quhill the Witnes wer multiplyit, and
Men wer brocht to Attcntioun, he turned him to the Bifchope, and laid, A'y
Lord, ye may heir, and confiJer quhat Eiris thir Affes have, quho can not dccerne
hetwtx Faull, Kay, Zacharie, and Malachie, and Freir Alexander Seytoun. In
verie deid, inj Lord, I faid, that Paull fayis. It behovis a Bifchopc to be a
Teichar. If^y faid. That thai that fed not the Flock ar dum Doggis; ai:d
Zacharie fayis. Thai ar IdoU-paftors. / of my awin Ileid affirmit nothing, bot
declared quhat the Spirit of God befoir had pronwicit. At quhome, my Lorct, gif ye
he not ojfendh, juftlie ye can not be ojfendit at me ; and fo yit agane, my Lord I
fav^ Tiat thai ar manifeft Lieris, that reportit unto yaw that I faid, that ye and
uther that preiche not ar no Bifchopis bot Bellie-godis. Albeit cfter that, the Bid
chope was hichelie offendit, alfweillat the Skuf and bitter Mock as at the bald
Libertie of that learnit Man ; yit durfl he not hazarde at that prefent to exe-
c'.'te his Malice confavit; (or not onelie feirit he the Lcirning and bald Spirit
of the Man, bot alfo the Favour that he had, allweill of the Pepill as the
Prince, Ring James the (ifth, of quhome he had gud Credite ; for he was at
that Tyme his ConfcfTour, and had exhortit him to the Feir of God, to the
Mcditatioun of Godis Law, and unto Puritie of Lyffe: Bot the Bifchope
with his Com[rtices, foir(eing quhat Danger mycht cum to thair E(!ait gif
fick Familiaritie fould continew betwix the Prince, and a Man (b leirnit and
lb repugning to thair Etlfcclionis, labourii be all Meinis, to mak the (aid Frier
Alexander odious unto the Kingis Graice, and eafilie (and the Meinis be the
Gray-Freiris f who be thair Hypocricie deceavethe monyj to traduce the In-
nocent as ane Heretyk. This Accu(atioun was eafilie recevit of the carnal
Prince, quho altogithcr was gevin unto the filthie Lu(^is of the FIe(che, and
abhorit all Counfel that repugnit thairto. And becaus he did rerqembcr quhat
a Terrour the Admonitiounis of the (aid Alexander wes unto his corrupted
Conlcience, without Refi(tence he (libfcryvit to thair Accu(atioun, affirm-
ing, that he knew mair thane thay did in that Mater ; for he underfiude
Weill aneuche, that he fmellit of the new Doftrine, by fuph Thingis a.s he
had fchawin to him under ConfeflTioun ; and thairfore he promiffit^ that he
(buld follow the Confaill of the Bifchopis, in puni(ching of him, and of all
qtheris of that Seft. Thefe Thingis underf^aued be the (aid Alexander, alf.
E weilj
8 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
Weill be Informatiounis of his Freindis and Familiaris, as be the ftrange Con-
finance of the King unto him, provydit the nixt Way to avoyd the Furie of a
bhndit Prince. And fb in his Habit, he departit the Realme ; and cuming to
Beruick, he wrait bak to the Kingis Graice his Complaint and Admonition.
The veray Tennour and Copie quhairof followis, and is this.
MAift gracious and Soverane Lord, under the Lord and King of all, of
quhome onelie thy Hienes and Majeftie hes Power and Auftoritie to
exerceis Juftice within this thy Realme under God, quho is King and Lord o-
ver all Realmes, and thy Graice, and all mortall Kingis are bot onelie Ser-
vandis unto that onelie immortall Prince Ghrift Jefijs, Sc. It is not, I wait,
unknawin to thy Graces Hienefs, how that thy Graces umquhille Servand and
Orator Cand evir (al be to my lyves end^ is departed out of the Realme unto
the nixt adjacent ofhgland; nocht the les, I beleve the Caus of my departing
is unknawin to your Graices Majeftie : Whilk onelie is, Becaus the Bifcho-
pis and Kirkmen of thy Realme hes had heirtofoir fick Auftoritie upoun thy
Subjedis, that apeirandlie they wer rather King and you the Subject ; quhilk
injuft Regiment is of the felf fals, and contrair to holie Scripture and Law
of God, Then thow art thair King and Maifteris, and they the Subjeftis,
quhilk is very trew and teftifyit expreflie be the Worde of God. And alfb,
becaus they will gif noMan ofanieDegrie or Stait (whome thay oft falflie
call Heryticks) Audience, Time, nor Place to fpeik nor have Defence, quhilk
is againft all Law, both the auld Law, callit the Law ofMoyJes, and the new
Law of the Evangell. So that gif I mycht have had Audience and Plaice to
Ipeik, and have fchawin my juft Defence, conforme to the Law of God, I
(buld nevir have fled to any uther Realme, fuppois it fbuld have coift me my
Lyif Bot becaus I beleved that I fbuld have had no Audience nor Plaice,
(they ar fb grit with thy Grace) I departit, not doutand, but movit of God,
unto ane better Tyme that God illuminet thy Graices Eyin, to gif everie
Man Audience (as thow fbuldeft and may, and is bound of the Law of God)
whiche ar accufit to the Deithe. And to certifie thy Hienes that thir ai^.^ no
vane Wordis, bot of Deid and Effeft, heir I offer me to thy Graice to cuta
in thy Realme agane, fb that thy Graice will gif me Audience, and heii:
quhat I have for me of the Law ofGod : And caus ony Bifchope or Abbote,
Freir or Seculare, quhilk is maift cunning (fum of thame cannot reid thair
Matinis that ar maid Judges of HerefieJ to impugne me h% the Law of
God ; and gif my Parte be found wrang, thy Graice being prefent and Judge,
I refuis no Pane worthie or condign for my Fault. And gif that I convift
thame be the Law of God, and thay have nothing to lay to my Charge, bot
the Law of Man, and thair awin Inventiounis, to uphald thair vane Glorie
and prydfiiU Lyf, and dailie fcourging of thy pure Lieges ; I report me to
thy Graice, as Judge, Quhither he hes the Vi6iorie quhilk haldis him at thtf
Law of God, quhilk cannot faill nor be fals, or thay quhilk haldis thame at
the Law of Man, quhilk is rycht oft plane contrarie and againft the Law of
God, and thairfore of Neceffitie fals, and full of lefingis: For all Thingis
quhilk is contrarie to the Veritie (quhilk is Chrift and his Law) is of Necef-
fitie a lefing. And to witnefs that this cumis of all my Hairt, I fall remane
in Beruik quhill I get thy Graices Anfwer, and fall without feill retume, hav-
ing thy hand write, that I may have Audience and Place to fpeik. No more
I defyir of thee, quhairof, gif I had bein fuir, I fould nevir have departit ; that
you
L I B. I. of Rcligioun in Scotland. i ^
you may knaw the Treuth thairof, gif feir of the Juftnes of my Caus, or
dreed of Ferfecurioun for the (ame, had movit me to dcpairr, I wold not Co
pleiflandlie revert ; only Diftmft was the Caus of my departing. Pardone me
to (ay, that quhilk lyis to thy Graices Charge, Thow art bound be the Law
of God (fuppois thay falflie lie, faying it perteinis not to thy Graice to intro-
met with fick Matters) to caus every Man, in ony cais accufcd of his Lyf, to
have his juft Defence, and his Accufors produced conform to thair awin Law.
They blind thy Graices Ein, that knawis nothing of this Law : Bot gif I
prove not this out of thair awin Law, I offer me unto the Deithe. Thy
Grace thairfore by Experience may daylie leirne (feing they nether feir the
King of Heivin, as thair Lyifis teftifyis, nether thair naturall Prince, as thair
ufurped Power in thair Aftionnes (chawisj why thy Hienes (buld lie no Lin-
ger blindit. Thou may confidder that thay pretend nathing ellis, bot onlie
the Manteinance and uphald of thair bairdit Mulls, augmenting of thair un-
fatiable Avarice, and continuall doun thringing and fwallouing upe thy puir
Lieges, nether preiching nor teiching out of the Law otGod fas they (chould)
to the rud ignorant Pepill, bot ay contendand quha may be maift hie, maift
ryche, and narreft thy Graice, to put the Temporal Lords and Liegis out of
thy Conceat and Favour, quho (buld be and ar maift: tender Sen'ands to thy
Graice in all Tyme of neld, to the Defence of thee and thy Croun : And
quhair they defj'ir thy Graice to put at thy temporal! Lords and Liegis, be-
caus thay de(py(e thair vitious Lyif, quhat ells intend thei but onlie thy Deithe,
as thou mayeft eafilie per(ave, fuppois thay cullour thair fals Intent and
Mynd, wich the Perfute of Herefie ; for quhen thy Barounis ar put doun,
quhat art thou bot the King of Baae, and thane of NecefTitie man be guidit
be thame, and than no dout, quhair a blind Man is guyde man be a fall
in the Myre. Thairfore lat thy Graice tak Hardiment and Auftoritie, quhilk
thou hes of God, and fuffer not thair cruell Perfecutioun to proceid, without
Audience gevin to him that is accufit, and juft Place of Defence : And than
no dout you fall have thy Lieges Hairts, and all that thay can or may do in
Time of Neid, Tranquillitie, Juftice, andPolicie in thyRealme, and finallie,
the Ringdome of the Hevines. Pleis to gar have this or the Copie to the
Clergie or Kirkmen, and keip the Principall, and thy Graice fall have Expe-
rience, gif I do againff ane Word that I have hecht. I fall daylie mak my
hairtie Devotioun for thy Graice, and the Profperitie and Weilfair of thy Bodie
and Saull. I dout not bot thy gracious Hienefs will give Anfvver of thir Pre-
fentis unto the Prefentar of this unto thy Hienes. Of Beru/k, by thy Hienes
Servand and Oratour.
.SlrV fubfcrib'iiitr^ Alexander Seytoun,
This Letter wes deliverit to the Ringis awin Handis, and of mony red,
bot quhat could goftlie Admonitiounes availl, quhair the Pryde and Corrup
tioun of Prelacie commandit quhat thay pleifTit, and the Flatterie of Courte-
ouris foftered the infblent Prince to all Impitie.
From the Deithe of that conftant Witnes of Jefus Chrifl, Mr.PatrikHau-
miltoun, God difcloifTing the Wickitnes of the Wicked, as before we have hard;
thair was ane Forres of Linlythgow taikin, who efter lang Impreifonment in
the faid Towr of St. Androts was adjudgit to the Fire be the faid Bifchope
James Beatoun and his Doftors, for none uther Cryme, bot becaus he had a
New Teftament in IngUfche ; farther of that Hiftorie we have not, except
E a ' that
20 The Hi/iorie of the ReformatioHn Lib. I.
that he diet conftanthe, and with grit Patience at St. Androis. Efter quhais
Deithe the Flame of Perfecutioun ceafTed, till the Deathe of Mr. Normane
Gowrhm, the fpaice of Ten Yeirs or ihairby ; not that thai blodie Beafts ceaffed
by all Meanes to fuppreft the Lycht of God, and to troubill fiiche as in ony
Ibrt wer fufpecled to abhorre thair Corruptioun, hot becaus the Realme was
troublit with intefline and civill Weiris, in the whiche miiche Bloode wes
Iched ; firfl: at Melros^ betwix the Douglafs and Bacdeuche in the Yeir of God
3526, the 24th of ja//^". 'Hiyx zx. Lmlythgow, betwix the /f^z^/wj/Ytow/n- and the
Earle of Levinox^ where the (aid Erie with mony uthers loft his Lyif, the
threttein Day of September. And laft, betwix the Ring himfelf and the (aid
Douglas, quhome he baneift the Realme, and held thame in Exile during his
hole Day is. Be reflbne of thefe, we (ay, and of uthers Troublis, the Bif^
chopis and thair bloody Bandis could not find the Tyme Co favorabill unto
thame as thai requirit, to execute thair Tyrannie.
In this mide Tyme, fo did the Whdome of God provyd, that Harie the
aucht Ring of lugland did abolifche from his Realme the Name and Au6t:ho-
ritie of the Paip of Rome, iuppres the Abbayis, and uther Places of Idola-
trie, whiche gave (bme Efperance to divers Realmes, that fiim godlie Refor-
matioun fould have thairof enfewit. And thairfoir fi-om this our Cuntrey
did divers leirnit Men, and uthers that leivit in feir of Perfecutioun, repair to
that Realme, whair albeit they fand not fuche Puritie as thay wifched fand
thairfoir divers of thame fbcht uther Cuntreys) yit thai efcaipit the Tirrannie
of merciles Men, and wer referved to better Tymes, that thai mycht fru6tifie
within this Churche in divers Places and Partis, and in divers Vocatiounis.
Alexander Seytoun remanit in England^ and publiftlie fwith grit Prays and
Comfort of monyj taught the Evangell in all Sinceritie certane Yeirs. And
albeit the Craftines of Wwchijier, and uthers circumveinit the faid Alexandery
that thai caufit him at PauUs Croce, to affirme certane Thingis that fepugnit
to his former trew Doftrine ; yit it is no dout bot that as God had potentlie
roung with him in all his Lyif^ that alfo in his Deithe fwhich fchortlie efter
followed) he fand the Mercie of his God, wherupoun he exhorted all Men
evir to depend. Alexander Alifins, Mr. Johne Fyfe, and that famous Man Doc-
tor Machaheus depairtit unto Diichelaiid, wher by Gods Providence thay wer
diltributed to feverall Places. Mackdewell, for his fingular Providence, befydis
his Lerning and Godlines, was elegit Borow-Mairter in one of their Steidis • Ale-
fins wes apointit to the Univerfitie of Lipfia, and (b was Mr. //'ow fy/^, quhair,
for thair honeft Behaviour and grit Eruditioun, thai war haldin in Admirati-
oun with ail the godlie. And in quhat Honour, Credite, and Eftimatioun
Dpftor Machaheus was with CImft'mmis Ring of Denmark, Capmanhoven and
. famous Men of divers Natiounis can teftifie. Thus did God provyde for his
Servantis, and did fruftrafe the Expeftatioun of thofe bludie Beiftis, quho by
the Deyth of one in quhome the Lycht of God did cleirlie fchyne, intendit to
have fuppreffed Chriftis Treuthe, for evir within this Realme : Bot the con-
trarie had God decreid. For his Deithe was the Caus, as faid is, that mony
did awak from the deidlie Sleip of Ignorance; and fb did Jefus Chrift, qi;hilkis
the onlie trew Lycht, fchyne into mony, for the way taikin ot one. And al>
belt that thefe notable Men did nevir efter ( Mr. Johne Fyfe onlie excepted )
<;omfort this Cuntrey with thair bodelie Prefence ; yit maid he thame fruftifie
in his Churche, and rayfid thame upe Lychtis out of Darknes, to the Prays
©f his awin Mercy, and to the juft Condemnatioun of thame that thane reul-
lit
IB. I. o/KcltgioHH in Scotland. m
lit, towtt^ of the King, Counfaill andNobilitie, yea of the hole Pepill, quho
furtl-rit fuchc notable Perfonagcs, without Crymes comitted, to be injulllie per-
fecutit, and Co exyled j utheris ctter wer even lb entrcitit : Bot of thame
wc fall fpeik in thair awin Place. No foner gat the Bifchopis Opcrtunitic
( whiche alwayis thay focht ) bot fa (one renewit they the Eattell againft Jeftis
Chrift; for the foirfaid leprous Bifchopc, in the Yeir of God i;34 Yeirs caufit
to be fumond Sir irilliam Kirk, Adawe jDnyis, Hemie Cannes, Johns Ste-juart
Indwellaris of Leytlr, with divers utheris, luch as Mr. JVilliain Johnftoim Ad~
vocaf, M. HenJrie Hendcrfoni! Scoolma'illcr of Edinburgh, of quhom fum com-
peirit in the Abbay Kirk of Hnlayrudboits, and fo abjured and publiftlie brunt
thair Billis, utheris compeirit not, and thairfore wasexylled; but in Judgement
producit two, to wit, David Stratoim a Gentillman, and Mr. Nonmme Go^jjrlaija
a Man of rcfonabill Eruditioun, of quhome we man (chortlie fpeik. In Mai-
fter NorHWWt- appeared Knowledg, albeit joyned with Waiknes; Bot in David
Slraytomi could oneli^bc efpyed, for the firrt, Haitrent againil the Pryd and A-
varicioufnefs of Preiftis; for the Caus of his Delatioun was, he had maid to
himfelfa Fifche-bote to go to the Sie^ the 'Bifchopc of Murray, thane bein^
Pryor of St. Androis, and his Faftors urged him for the Teind thairof- His
Anfwer was, Gif thai 'walld have I'eiud thairof, 'xhiche his Servandts -jjaiie m
the Sie, it war hot Reaffoiiethui fould cumand receveit,quhair he gat the St ok- and
(b as was conftantlie affirmed, he caufTit his Servandis cai^ the Tenth Fifche in
the Sie agane. Proces of Curfing wes leid againft him, for not Payment of
fuche Comandis, whiche when he contemned, he wes delaitit to anfwer for
Herefie. It troublit him vehementlie ; and thairfoir he began to frequent the
Cumpanie of fuche as war godlie; for befoir he had bein a Man verie ftub-
burne, and one that diipyflit all reiding ^cheiflie of thofe Thingis that War god-
lie) bot miracoulouflie as it ware, he appeirit to be changit; for he deiyttic
in nothing bot in reiding ( albeit himfelf culd not reid ) and was ane vehe-
ment Exhorter to all Men to Concord, to Quietnes, and to the Contempt of
the Warld : He frequentit muche the Cumpanie of the Laird of Duti, quhom
God, in thefe Dayis, had mervelouflie illuminated. Upoun a Day, as the
Laird of Louriftowi, who yit levis, than being ane young Man, was reiding
unto him upoun the New Teftament, in a certane quiet Plaice in the Feilds
as God had apointit, he chancit to reid thefe Sentences of our Maifter Chrift
Jefus ; He that denyis me befoir Men, or is a/chamit of me in the middis of this
•wickit Generatioun, I -jciU deny him in the Prefence of my Father, and before his
AngeUis. At whiche Wordis, he (uddanlie being as ane ravefchit, caft him-
felf upoun his Kneis, and extending bothe Handis and Vifage conftantlie to
the Heavin a reftbnabill Tyme, at lenthe he burft furth in thefe Wordis O
Lord, I have bein wicked, and juftUe may thow abftra^ thy Graice frome w/^ ;
But, Lord, for thy Mercies Saik, lat me nevir deny thee, nor thy "treuthis, for feir
of peyih or corporal! Pains. The Ifchew declaired that his Prayer was not
vain, tor quhen he with the foirfaid Mr. Normond wes producit in Jugemcnt
in the Abbey of Halyrudehous, the King himfelf fall cled in reid) being pre.
fent, grit Labours was maid, that the faid David Siratoun fould have recan.
tit, and fould have brunt his Bill : But he evir ftanding at his Defence al'
leging that he had not offendit, in the End was adjugit to the Fire, and than
when he perfaved the Danger, askit Graice at the King, whiche he wald wij.
linglie have grantit unto him ; the Bifchopis proudlie anfwerit, That the Kingis'
Handis wer bound in thatCaice, and that he had no Graice to gif to fuche as
^ be
22 TheHiftorieoftheKeformatioun Lib. I.
be thair Law wer condemned. And (b was he, with the (aid Mr. Normandy
efter Dinner, upoun the 27. Day of Aiguji, the Yeir of God 1534 foirfaid, led
to a Plaice befyid the Roode ofGrehifyld; and thair thai two war bayth hangit
and brunt, according to the Mercy of the Papifticall Churche. To that (ame
Diet wer fumondit, as befbir we have (aid, uthers of quhome fbme efcaipit
in England^ and (b for that pre(ent efcaipit the Deith. This thair Tyrannic,
notwithflanding, the Rnawledge of God did wondrouflie encres within this'
Realme, pairtlie be reiding, pairtlie be brotherlie Conference, wh'che in
thefe dangerous Dayis wes ufed to the Comfort of mony ; bot cheiflie be
Marchantis and Marineris, who frequentting uther Cuntreys, hard the trew
Doctrine aflfirmif, and the Vanitie of the Papifticall Religioun oppinlie rebui-
kit : Among quhome war Dunctie and Leyth Principalis, againis quhom was
maid ane verie ftrait Inquifitioun be David Beatoim crewell Cardinall. And
divers wer compellit to abjure and burne thair Billis, (bme in St. Androh, and
fbme at Ed'inhurghe. About the (ame Tyme Captane 'h)hm Borihmck was
brunt in Figure, bot be Godis Providence efcaipit thair Furie. And this was
done for a Speftacle, and Triumphe to Marie of Lorane, laitlie arryved fra
France^ as Wyif to Ring Jrtw/f j the fy(t Ring of JVo^//'x ; "What Plagues (che
brocht with hir, and how thai yit continew, (uche as are not blind may ma-
nifeftlie fie. The Rage of the(e bloodie Beiftis proceidit (b far, that the
Ringis Court efcaipit not the Danger ; for in it divers wer (u(pe6i:ed, and fum
accufed. And yit evir ftill did fum Lycht burft furth in the middis of Dark-
nes ; for the Treuthe of Chrift Jedis enterit evin in the Clofteris alfweill of
Freirs as of Monks and Chanonis. Johne Lin a gray Freir, left his hypo-
critical! Habite, and the Den of tho(e Murthereris, the gray Freiris. Ane
blak Freir, callit Freir Kyllor^ fet furth the Hiftorie of Chriftis PafTioun in
Forme of a Play, quhilk he bayth preiched and praftifed in Striveling oppinlie,
the Ring himfelf being prefent upoun a Gud-Friday in the Morning, in the
whilk all Thingis wer (b lyvelie exprefTit, that the veray fimple Pepill under-
ftude and confefTit, That thePreiftis and abftinat Pharifeis perfwaidit the Pe-
pill to refuis Jefus Chrift, and cauffii Pylat to condemne him ; (a did the Bif^
chopis, and Men callit religious, blind the Pepill, and perdiadit the Princes
and Judges to perfecute fick as profefs Chrift Jelus his blelTit Evangel!. Tliis
plain (peiking lb enflamit the Hairtis of all that buir the Beiftis Mark, that
thai ceiffit not, till that the Freir Ay^^r, and with him Freir Baverage, Sh*
Duncane Symefouney Robert Forreftar ane Gentilman, and Dean Thomas Forrat
Channon regular and Vicar of Dolour^ ane Man of uprycht Lyif, who alto-
gither wer cruellie murthered in an Fyre, upoun the Caftill-htU the laft of Fe-
bruary the Yeir of God 1538. This Crueltie wes uflTit be the (aid Cardinell,
the Chancellar, the Bifchope of Glafgow, and the inceftuous Bifchope of Dim-
llane. Efter that this Crueltie wes ufTit in Edinburgh upoun the Caftell-hill, to
the Effeft that the reft of the Bilchopis mycht (chaw thamefelves no les fer-
vent to fuppres the Lycht of God, then he of St. Androis was, warapprehen-
dit two of the Diocie ofGlafgow^ the ane namit Hieronymus Rujfell^ a Cordl-
lier Freir, a young Man of a meik Nature, quick Spirit, and of gude Let-
teris ; and ane ^(f;/w<a'i,f,quhilk pa(rit not 18 Yeirs of Age, and of excellent In-
gyne in Scottifche Poefie, To a(rift the Bifchope of Glafcm in that crewell
Jugement, or at leaft to caus him dipp his Hands in the Blude of the Sanfts
of God, wer fent Mr. Johne Lauder^ Mr. Andrew Oliphant^ and Freir Malu
man^ Servantis of Sathane, apt for that Purpois ; the Day apoymit to thair
Cruel-
Lib. I. of Rcligiotm in Scotland- 23
Crueltie aprochir, the puir Sanftis of God prefentit bcfoir thai bloodic Buch-
ours, greavous war the Crymcs that war laid to thair Charge: Kennedey was
feint at the firft, and wald fane have recantit, hot whill that Plaice of R open-
tana was denyit unto him, the Spirit of God, which is the Spirit of all Com-
fort, began to wirk into him, yea the inward Comfort began to burft furth,
alfweill in Vifage, as in Toung and Word, for his Countenance bcgane to
be cheirfull, and with a joyliill Voice upoun his Kneis, he laid, 0 eternal
God kovo •wondrous is that Liife and Mercy^ that thou heirs unto Mankynd^ and
unto me the maift cative and miferabtll IVretche above all atheris; for^ evin noWy
quhen I txald have denyit thee^ and thy 6one, our Lord Jejus Chr'ift my onlie Savi-
cur, and ja have caftin my ftlf in everlajting Damnatioun ; thou he thyne awin
Hand has pullit me frome the veray Bottome of Hell, and vialis vie to feil that
hevinlie Comfoi /, quhilk tackis fronie we that ungocllie Feir, whairwilh hefoir I ixies
opprejfed. Now J defy Deith, do quhat ye pleis ; / prays my God, I am redie.
The godlie and learnit Hieronymus, rayied upoun by they godlefs Tyrrantis,
anfwerit, This is your Hour and Power of Darhiefs ; Now fit ye as Juges, we
ftand wrangouflie accufed, and mair wrangouflie to be condemned; hot the Day
fall cum, quhen our Innocencie fall appeir, and that ye fall fie your awin Blindnes,
to your everlafting Confuffioun. Go fordwart, and fulfill the Meafur of your Ini-
quitie. Quhill that they Scrvandis of God thus behaved thamefelfis, aryifTit a
Varience betwix the Bifchopis and the Beiftis that come frome the Cardinal! j
for the Bifchope faid, / thitik it better to fpair thir Men, nor to put thame to
deid: Quhairat Idiot Doctors offendif, faid, ^ihat will ye do my Lord? Will
ye condenme all that my Lord Cardinall and the uther Bifchopis and we have done ?
Gff fa ye do, ye fchaw your felf Enemie to the Kirk and us, and fa will we repute
yow, he ye afifurit. At quhiik Wordis, the faythles Man affraide, adjugit the
innocentis to die, according to the Def}Te oi the Wicked. The meik and
gentill Hteronymus Rujfel comforted the uther with mony comfortabill Senten-
ces, oft faying unto him. Brother, feir not, more potent is he that is in us, than
is he that is in the fVarld ; the Pain that we fall fuff'er is fchort, and fal he lychty
iot cir Joy and our Confolatioun (all nevir have End : And thairfore, lat us
contend to enter in unto our Maifter and Saviour, by the fame ftrait Way, quhilk
he hes trod before us ; Deyth cannot diftroy us, for it is alredie diftroyit be him, for
quhais Saik we fuffer. With thir and the lyik comfortabill Sentenfes, thay
paft to thePlaice of Executioun,and conftantlie triumphit over Deyth and Sathan,
evin in the midis of the flaming Fyre. And thus did they cruell Beiftis in-
tend nathing bot murther in all the Quarters of the Realnie ; for fa far had
that blindit and maift vicious Man this Prince (maift vicious we call him for
he nouther fparit Manis Wyfe nor Maiden, na mair efter his Mariage nor he
did befoir) (6 far, I fay, had he gevin himfelf to obey the Tirranie of thai
cruell Beiflis, that he had maid a fblemne Vow, That nane fould be fpairit
that wes fufpecl ofHerefle, yea, althocht it wes his awin Sone. To preifs
and pufche him fordward in all that his Furic, he wantit not Flattereris ft'
new; for mony of his Minionis wer Penfioners to Preiftis; among quhom,
Olipher Sinclare, yit remaining Enemie to God, wes the Principall. And yit
did not God ceifs to gif that blindit Prince fbme Documentis that fome fud-
dane Plague was to fall upoun him, in caifs he did not repent his wicked
Lyif, and that his awin Mouthe did confefle : For efter that Sir James Hau-.
miltoun was behided fjuftlie or injoftlie we difpute not^ this Vifioun cam unto
him, as to his familiaris himfalf did declair ; the faid Sir James apeired unto
F s-- a, him
24 "The Hijtorte of the Rejormatioun Lib. I.
him havand in his Hand ane drawn Sword, be the quhilk fra 'the Ring he
ftraik bayth the Airmes, faying to him thir Wordis, 'Tak that, quhill thou re-
Cave a finall Payment for all thine Impitie. This Vifioun, with forrowfull Con-
tinance, he (chew one theMorne, and (chortlie thairetrer died his two Sonis,
both within the Spaice of 24 Hours j yea, fome lay, within the Spaice of fex
Hours. In his awin Frefence George Steill, his gritteft Flatterer, and gritteft
Enemie to God that was in his Court, droppit of his Hors, and died without
Word that fame Day that in oppin Audience of mony, the (aid George had
refuifTed his Portioun of Chriflis Ringdome, gif the Prayeris of the Virgine
Mary fould nocht bring him thairto. How terribill a Vifioun the (aid Prince
faw lying in Linlythgow, that Nycht Ihomas Scott, Juftice Clerk, died in E-
dinhurgh. Men of gude Credite can yit reporte : For atfrayit at Midnycht,
or efter, he cryit for Torches, and rai(rit all that lay beiyide him in the Pal-
lace and tauld that Tome Scot was deid j for he had bein at him with a Cum-
panye of Devillis, and had (aid unto him this Word, O wo to the D,ay that e-
vir I knew thee or thy Service ; for for ferving of the, aga'wft God, againft his Ser-
'uants and againft Juftice, I ame adjugit to endles Torment. How terribill Voices
the (aid Thomas Scot pronuncit befoir his Deyth, Men of all Eftait hard ; and
fum that live Can Witnes, his Voice was evir, Jufto Dei judicio condemnatus
him : that is, I ame condemned be God's juft Jugment. He was maift oppre(^
fed for Delatatiouri and fals Accufttioun of (uche as profe(rit Chriflis Evangell,
as Mr. Thomis Marjoribanks, and Mr. Hew Rig, then Advocatis, did confes to
Mr. Henrie Balnnves, quha from the (aid 'Thomas Scote come to him, as he
and Mr. Thomas Bellendine war fitting in St. Gillis Rirk, and askit him Forge-
vines in the Name of the (aid 'Thomas. Nane of thir terribill Foirwairningis
could eyther change or mollifie the Hairt of the indurat licherous and avariti-
ous Tyrrant, bot ftill he dois proceid from Impietie till Impietie. For in the
raids of thir Admonitiounis, he caulTit put Hands in that notable Man Mr.
George Bucquhanaue, to quhome for his (ingulare Eruditioun and honeft Beha«
viour^ was committit the Chairge to inflruft (um of his Baftard Childrein :
Bot be the merci full Providence of God he e(caipir, albeit with grit Difficul-
tie the Rage of thame that focht his Bloode, and remainis alyve to this Day,
in the Yeir of God i ^66 Yeirs, to the Glorie of God, to the grit Honour of
this Natioun, and to the Comfort of thame that delyte in Letters and Vertew.
That fingulare Wark oi^ Davids Plalmes in Latin Meetere and Poefie, be(yd
mony uther, can Witnes the rare Graices of God gevin to that Man, quhilk
that Tirrant, be Inltigatioun of the Gray Freirs, and of his uther Flattereris,
wald altogither have devoirit, gif God had not provydit Remedie be efcaiping
to his Servant. This Crueltie and Periecutioun, notwithftanding the Monfters
and Hypocreitis, the Gray Freiris, Day by Day came farther into Contempt ;
for not only did the leirnit e(py and dete(t thair abhominabill Hypocrifie, bot
al(b Men in quhome na fick Graices nor Giftis war thocht to have bein, be-
eane plamlie to paint the (ame furth to the Pepill. As this Ryme quhilk
heir we have infertit for the (ame Purpois, maid be Alexander Erie of Glen-
cairne yit alyve, can Witnes, intitulit, Ane Epiftill direlt fra the halie Hermeit
of Alareit, to his Brethren the Gray Freirs.
L I B. I. ^ Kcligioun hi Scotland.
25
/Thomas Hermeit in Lareir,
Sanii Francis Ordour do hanXtUe gre'ity
Befeikand you with giid lutein^
To be li^akryif and diligent.
Tkir Lutheranis njfen of new^
Our Ordour da Hie dais per few.
They Smaikis dois fet thair haill Intent,
9o reid the Inglifche New Teftatnent,
Andfayis we have thame clein decevit •
'Tbairfore in haift thay man he ftoppit.
Our Stait Hypocrifie thay pryp.
And us hlafphemis one this wyfe,
Sayandy That we ar Heretyckis,
And falfe hud lying maftis Tykes,
Cumerars and ^lellars of Cbriftis Kirk,
Sweir Swongeors that will not wirk.
Bat tdil.'ie our Leving wynis.
Devoir ing IVoilfis into Scheipis Skynis,
Huirkland with Huidis into our Neck,
H ith Judas Mynd to jouk and beck,
6eikand Ctrijtij Pepill to devoir,
The Donn thr infers of Chriftis Gloir,
Profefl'ors of Hypocifie,
And Jjodours in IdoJatrie,
Stout rtfcheiris with the Feindis Net,
7he Upclaf'ers cf Hevtns Yet,
Cankcart Corrupters of the Creid,
Humlock Sa 'xers among gud Seid,
To trow in Trators, that do Men tyi/i
The hie fVay kennand thame fra Chrift,
Monjiers with the Beifiis Mark,
Doges that nevir fiintis to hark,
Kirhnen that ar to Chrift unkend,
A SeH that Satanis felf hes fend,
Lourkandin Hoils, lyik Trator Toddis,
Manteiners of Idollis and fals Goddis,
FantaCtik Fuillis andfeineit Fleicheors,
Toturne fraTreuth the verrayTeichers,
For to declair thair haill Sentence,
IV aid mehll cumber your Confcience ;
'To fay your Fayth it is fa flark.
Your Cord and lou fie Cote and Surk
Ye lipptn may bring you to Sahatioun^
And quyte eschdis Chriftis Pafioun.
Idreid this Dofirine, and it la ft
Sail outher gar us wirk or fa ft ■
Thair foir with Speid we mene,provyde
And not our Profite overflyde.
I fchaip my felf, within fcbort quhtll^
To curs our Ladie in Argylle;
And thair one craftie Wayis to wirk.
Till that we biggit have ane Kirk,
Syne Miracles mak be your Advyce ;
They Ketter ells thocht thai hadbot Lyce,
The twa Parte to us they will bring,
Bot ordourlie to drefs this Thing :
AGaifi Ipurpois to gar gang.
Be confiiil of Frier Walter Lang,
^thilk fall mak cert ane Demouftratiounis,
To help us in our Procuratiounis,
1 our halie Ordour to decoir :
That Pra£lick he provit anis befoif,
Betwix Kirkaldie and Ringhorne,
Bot Lymmaris maid therat fick Scorns,
And to his Fame maid fick Degreffiowi,
Senfyne he hard not the Kingis Confeffioioi^
Thoicht at that Tyme he come no Speid;
Iprayyowtak gude Will as Deidj
And fum amongeji your felf reffave.
As ane worth many of the lave,
^ihat I obtein may, throw his Airt^
Reffone wald ye had your Parte.
Your Ordour handillis no Money^ '
Bot for uther Cafualitie^
As Beif, Meill, Butter and CheifSj
Or quhat we have, that ye pleis.
Send your Brethren, et habere,
As novj nocht ellis, hot valete,
Be Thomas your Brother at Comand^
I A Culrun kythit throw mony a Land.
Quhan God had gevin unto that indurat Prince fufficient Documentis, that
his Rebellioun againft his bleflit Evangell (buld not proufperouflie fucceid,
he rayflit up againft him War, as that he did againft obftinatc Saul, in the
whiche he miferablie perilhed, as we fall after heir.
The Occafioun of the War was this ; Earie the eight, King of hgland,
had a grit Defyre to have fpokin with our King, and in that Point travellif
ia lang, till that he gat a full Promeis maid to his AmbalTadour, Lord Wil-
ham Hawart ; the Plaice of meitting was apointit at York, whilk the King
G of
26 The Hiftorte of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
of Inghnd keipt with fick Solemnitie and Preparatiounis, as nevir for fick
a Purpois was lein in hgland befoir. Grit Bruit of that Journey, and fome
Preparatioun for the fame, was maid in Scotland-^ bot in the End, be Per-
luafioun of the Cardinall David Beatoun^ and by utheris of his Faftioun,
that Journey was flayed, and the Kingis Promeis falfefeit. Quhairupoun
war fchairp Letteris of Reproche (ent unto the King, and alfo unto his Coun-
faill. King Harie fruftrat, returned unto Londone^ and efter his Indignatioun
declairit, began to fortifie with Men his Frontearis fornentis Scotland. Thair
war fent to the Bordors, Sir Kobert B(meSy the Earle of Angus^ and his Brother
Sir George Dough fs. Upon quhat uther trifling Queftiounnes (as for the de-
baittable Land and fick lyk) the Warrebrak up, we omitteto wrytte. Thepria-
cipall Occafioun was the falfifying of the Promeis befoir maid ; our King per-
ceaving that the Warre wald ryift, askit the Prelattis and Kirkmen what Support
thay wald mak to the fuftaining of the (ame; for rather wald he yit (atisfie
the Defire of his Uncle, than he wald ha!z,ard "Warre, quhair he (aw his Force
not abill to refift. Thay promeiflit Montanns of Gold ( as Sathan thair Father
did to Chrift Jefus, gif he wald worfchip him ) for rather wald thay have
gone to Hell, or he fould have met with King Harie: For than, thoch thay,
fairweill our Kingdome], and fairweill, thoicht the Cardinall, his Credit e andGlorie
in France. In the End, thay promeiflit fyiftie thufand Crounis be Yeir, to be
weill payit, ia lang as the Warre leftit ; and farder, that thair Servands, and
utheris that aperteinit to thame, and war exeimed from comoun Service, fould
not the left ferve in Tyme of Neceflitie. Theie vain Promeiffes liftit upe in
Pryde the Hairt of the unhappie King, and fa beginnis the Warre. The Realme
was quarterit, and Men war layd in Jedbrughe and Kelfo. All Men ( Fooles
we meane) bragged of Viftorie. And in veray deid the Begining gave us a
fair Schaw : For at the firft Wardane Raid, quhilk was maid at the St. Bar-
tilmewis Day, in the Yeir of God i ^42. was the Wardane, Sir Robert Bowis,
his Brother Rychard Bowes Captane of Norame, Sir William Malberie Knychr,
a Baflard Sone of the Erie of Angus, and James Douglas of Parkheid then Re-
bells, with a grit Number of Borderers, Souldeors and Gentillmen taken.
The Raid was termed Haden Rig. The Erie of Angus, and Sir Cm-^^' his Bro-
ther, did narowlie efchaip. Our Papiftis and Preiflis, proud of this Viftorie,
encouraged the King, fo that thair was nothing hard, bot, All is ours ; they ar
lot Heretyikis : Gif we be a thoufand, and thay ten thoitfand, thay dar not fecht.
France [all enter the ane Parte, and we the uther, and [a fall Ingland be conqueilt
within a Teir. Gif any Man was fein to fhiyill at fick Vanitie, he was no
moir bot a Trator and Heretyck. And yit be thefe Meinis, Men had gritter
Libertie than they had befoir, as concerning thair Confciences; for then ceifTtt
the Perfecutioun. The Wer continewed till Mid September ; and then was
fend doun the auld Duke of Northfolk, with fick ane Armie as ane hundredth
Yeir befoir had not cum mScotland. Thay war in amaffing thair Forces, and fet-
tlng forward thair Preparatiounis andMunitiounis, quhilk wer exceiding grit, till
MidO^oferand efter. And than thay marchit from Beruick, and tended tp
the Wefl:, evir balding Tweid upoun thair ane fyid, and nevir camped from that
River the Space of a My 11 during the haill Tyme thay continewit in Scotland,
quhilk was ten or twellDayis. Farrayis war run upoun the Day to Smalhame,
Stichell, and fuche Places neir about, bot mony Snaperis thay gat, fome Cornis
thay brunt, befyidis that whiche the grit Hofl confumed, bot fmall Booting,
they caryit away. The King afletnblit his Force at Fala : CFor he was adver-
teifchif.
IB. I. of Rcligwimin Scotland. 27
teirchir,that thai had promeinTit to cum to Mnhujh;) and taking thoMuftaris
all at ancHour, two Dayis befoir /A7//(>w;-«;/w, thairwar fund with him iSooo
able Men. Upoun the Borders that waittit upoun the Inglifche Armie wer
ten thoufand Men, with Eirle of Huiilhe, Loidis ^Eiskh,, Scyton and
Home. Thefe wer juged Men anew to hafard Battell, albeit the urhcr war e-
fteimed 40000. Quhill the King lyis at ri?A/,abyding upoun the Gunis, an4
upoun Adverteifment from the Armie; The Lords beginnes to remember how
the King had bein lang abufiit by his Flatterers, and principallie be the Pen-
fioneris of the Preiftis : It was anes concludir, that thai wald mak fume
new Remembrance of Lauder Brig, to fie gif that wald, for a Sea/bun fum-
quhat helpe the Eftait of thair Countrcy ; bot becaus the Lords could not af^rie
among thame felfis, upoun tlie Perfones that delerved Punifchmcnt (for everie
Man favoured his Freind ) the hole efchaiped : And the Purpois -ives opined
unto the King, and by him to the Courteouris, quho efter that, till they came
to Edinburgh^ ftude in no littill Feir; bot that was fuddandlie fbryef as we
fall efter heir. Quhill Tyme is this protrafted, the higlifche Armie, for Scair-
fitie of Viftualls ( as wes bruited ) reteitis thame over TwwV/ upoun the
Nycht, and (a bcginis to fkaill, quhairof the King adverteifit, def^-ris the
Lords and Barownes toafTit him, to follow thame in Ingland. Quhais Anfwer
was with ane Confent, That to defend bis Peifoini and Realme, thay '•jcald hazcirJ
Lyif and quhatjoever thay had; bot to invaid Ingland, neyther had thay Co juji
Titill as thay defyred; nether y'lt coiddthay be then abUl to do ony Thing to the Hurl
of Ingland, confidering that thay had lang befoir bein abfent from thair Houfes
ihair Pro-v'rfwun ivas Jpent^ thair Hors -iveryed^ and that quhilk was gritteft of all
the Tyme of the IVir did ntterlie reclame. This thair Anfwer (eamit to fatisfis
the King, for he in Wordis prayfTit thair prudent Foirlycht and wyle CounlaiH.
Bot the Mint maid tohisCourteours,and that bald Repulfe of hisDefj'ris gevii>
to him in his awinFaice, Co woundit his proud Hairt ( for long had he rouno-
as himfelf lift ) that he decreed a notable Revenge, quhilk no dout he had
not failed to have executed, gif God be his awin Hand had not cuttit the Cordis
of hislrapietie. He returns to £<^/Wv/r^^£', the Nobilitie, Barones, Gentilmcn
and Comounis to thair awin Habitatiounes. And this was the fecound and
thrid Dayis of November. Without longer Delay, at the Palice of HaJyrudhous
was a new Counlaill conveinit, a Counlaill we mein of his Abuflers quhair-
in war Accufatiounis laid againft the maift Parte of the Nobilitie; fum war
Heretyckis, (urn Favourars of ///^Arw^, fum Freindisto the Douglis^ and fa could
thair be none faythfuU to the King, in thair Opinioun. The Cardinell and the
Preiftis caftis Faggotis in the Fyre, with all thair Force ; and finding the King
hoUe adift to thair Devotioun, deliverit to him ane Scrolle, conteining the
Names of fick as thay in thair Inquifitioun had convifl for Heretykes • for
this was the Ordour of Juftice, quhilk thofe holie Fatheris keipt in damning of
innocent Men. Quhofoever wald delait anie 6f Herefie, he was hard : No Re-
fpeft nor C^onftderatioun had what Mynd the Delatours bair to the Perfoun de-
lated ; quhofoever war producit for Witnefs wer admitted, how fufpicious and
infame that evir thay war ; gif two or thre had proven anie Point, that by
thair Law was haldin Herefie, that was ane Heretyck : Refted no moir bot a
Day to be affixt to his Condemnation, and to the Executioun of thair corrupt
Sentence.
What Man could be innocent, quhair fick Judges wer Partie, the Warld
may this Day confidder : Trew it is, by fals Judgment and fals Witnefs, have
G a Inno.
28 The Ht/lorie of the Reformatwun Lib. L
Innocentis be in opprefled from the Beginning. Bot this Fredome to (chad
innocent Bloode gat nevir the Devill bot in the Kingdome of Antichryft,
That the Innocent fould die, and nether know Accufator, nor y'lt the IVitneJs that
teftifyit againfi him. Bot how fall the Antichrift be knawin, gif he (all not be
contrarious to God the Father, and his Sone Chrift Jefus, in Law, Lyif and
Doftrine ? But this we omit. The lame Scrolle had the Cardinell and Pre-
lattis once prelentit to the Ring befoir that Tyme he returned fl-om the Na-
vigatioun about the Yllis. Bot then it wes refuifTit, by the proudent and
ftout Counfaill of the Laird of Grange, quha opinit cleirlie to the King the
Pradeis of the Prelatis, and the Danger thairof mycht enfew, quhilk confiderit
be the King ( for being out of his Paflioun he was tractable ) gave this An-
(wer in the Palace of Halyrudhous, to the Cardinall and Prelattis, efter that
thay had uttered thair Malice, and fchew quhat Proffeit mycht aryift to the
Crown, gif he wald follow thair Counfaill : Pack yow JofrelUs, get ye to your
Chair^es, and reform your awin Lyiffis, and be not Inftruments of Difcord, hetmx
my Nohilitie and me \ or ellis I -vow to God, 1 fall reforme yow, not as the King
of Denmark hy Imprifonment does, neyther yit as the King of Ingland baith by hang-
ing and heiding : Bot I fall reforme yow be fchairp ^hingeris, gif evir I heir fuche
Motioiin of yow agane. The Prelatis dafcht and aftonifchit with this Aniwer^
cealTed for a Seafoun to attempte anie farder, by Rigour againfi the Nobilitie ;
bot now being mformed of all Proceidingis by thair Penfioners, Oliver Simlarey
Rofs Laird of Cragie, and utheris, who war to thame fayfhfull in all Things ;
they conclude to hazard once agane thair former Suit, quhilk was na fbner
proponit, bot als fbne it was accepit, with na fmall Regrait maid be the Kingis
awin Mouth, that he had fb long defpyifTit thair Counfaill: For, faid he, mw
I ph'mlie fie your fVordis to be trow, the Nobilitie nether defyris my Honour nor Con-
tinuance \ for thay ixald not ryid a Myill for my Plefour to follow my Enemies.
Will ye thair fair find , me the Meanis, how that I may have Raid maid in Ing-
land without thair Knawledge and Confent, that may be known to be my awin
Raid; and I fall bind me to your Counfaill for evir. Thair concurrit togither A
hah and his fals Propheitis, thair was Gratulatiounis and Clapping of Hands,
thair was Promeifs of Diligence, Clofenefs, of Fidelitie, finallie Conclufioun
was takin, that the Weft Border of Ingland, quhilk wes maift emptie of Men
and Garinfching, fould be invaidit ; the Kingis awin Banner fbuld be thair.
Oliver the grit Minioun fbuld be grit Lieutenent. Bot no Man fbuld beprivie
( except the Counfaill that was thair then prefent ) of the Interpryifs, till the
verray Day and Executioun thairof The Bifchopis glaidlie tuke the Chairge of
that Rade ; Letters war fent to fick as thai wald charge, to meit the King, Day
and Plaice apointed. The Cardinall, with the Earle of Jrrane wsir direfted t6
go to Hadingtoun, to mak a Schew againft the Eift Border, quhen the uther
war in Redines to invaid the M^eft : And this nether lacked Counfail, Pra6teife,
Clofnes nor Diligence to fet forward that Interpryis ; and fb amonges thofe
Confulters thair was na doubt of a guide Succes, and fa was the Scrolle thank-
fuUie receavit be the King himfel^ and put in his awin Pocket, quhair it re-
mained to the Day of his Deyth, and than was fundj in it wes conteinit mo
than ane hundreth landit Men, befyidis utheris of meaner Degre, amongis
quhome was the Lord Haumiltoun, then fecound Perfbun of .the Realme, delait-
ed. Jt was bruited, that this Raid was devyifTit be the Lord Maxwell, but
the Certantie thairof we have not. The Nycht befoir the Day apointed to the
JEnterpryis, the King was fund at Lowmaban: To hiin cumis Cumpanyis
from
IB. I. of Rcligioun in Scothnd. 29
from all Quarters, as thai war apointed ; no Man knawing of ane uth'ei' ( for
no general Proclamatioun part, but privie Letters J nether yit did the Mulri-
tud know anie Thing of the Purpois, till efter Midnycht, quhill that the
Trumpettis blew, and comandit all Men to marche fordward, and to follow
the Ring fwho was conftantlie fuppoifed to be in the Hoft; j Guydcs war a,
pointed to conduft thame toward IngfanJ, as bothe faythfullie and cloirche they
did. Upouh the Point of Day, they aprochit to the Inemies Ground, ahd fo
pafTit the Watter without anie grit Refiftance maid unto thame. The Forray
gais fiirth, Fyre ryilTis, Heirfcheip rliycht have bein fein one everie Syid : The
unprovydit Pepill war altogether amafed ; for brycht Day appeiring, thay
(awe ane Armie of ten thousand Men, thair Comes and Houfes one everit
Syid fend Flambes of Fyre unto the Hevins. To tham it was more than a
Wonder that fuche a Multitude could have bein airemblit and convoyed no
Knowledge thairof cuming to any of thair Wardancs: For SuppDrt thay luikit
not, and fa at the firlt thay war utterlie difpaired. And yit began thay to af-
femble togither, ten in one Company, twentie in ane uther ; and fo as the
Fray proceidit, thair Troupis increfTit ; bot t6 no Number ( tor Carleill teirins:
to have bein alTaultit, fuflferit no Man to efchew out of thair Yettis ) and fa
the griteft Number, that evir apeirit or aprochit before the Difcomfiture part
not thre or four hundreth Men ; and yit thay maid hate Skirmishing, as in
thair awin Ground, in fick Feates thay ar maift expert : About ten Hours
quhen Fyris war kendlir, and almaift llocknit one everie Syid, thoicht 0/rl
ver Tyme to fchew his Glorie, and fo incontinent was difplayed the Kinsis
Baner, Oliver upoun Speiris lift up upoun Menis Shoulders, and thair
with Sound of Trumpet, was he proclamit Generall Lovetenent and all
Men comandit to obey him, as the Kingis awin Perfouti under all heift Painis.
Thair was prelent the Lord Maxwell "Warden, to quhom the Regiment of
Thingis in Abfens of the King properlie aperteinit ; he hard and ftw all boc
thoicht mair nor he fpaik. Thair was alfo prefent the Earles of Glencairne
and Caffilles, with the Lord Fleming, and mony uther Lordis, Baronis and
Gentilmen of Loiithiane, Fyje^ Angus and Merms. In this mein Tyme did the
Skirmifching growe gritter than it was befoir; Schoutis were hard one everie
Syid, (um Scottifch Men war ftrikin doun, fum not knowing the Ground
layrit, and tint thair Hors. Sum hgUfche Hors of Purpois was lattin lous to
provok gredie and improudent Men to proik at thame, as mony did bot fand
na Advantage. Quhill fick Difbrdour ryiflit mair and mair in the Armie
Men cryit in everie Fare, My Lord Loivetementy quhat 'will ye do? Chairge
w-as gevin, that all Men fould lycht, and go to Array • for thay wald fecht it.
Utheris cryit, Jgainis quho7ne wll ye fecht ? yon Men -jvill feck no uther wayis
than ye fie thame do^ if ye "oiill ft and heir quhill the Morne. New Purpois was
tain, that the Futemen ( thay had with thame certane Bandis of Futemen
SouldeorsJ fbuld foftlie reteir towardis Scotland, and the Horfmen fculd tak
thair Hors again, and fa follow in Ordour. Greit was the Noyis and Confii-
fioun that was hard, quhill everie Man callit his awin Sloghorne: The Day
•was neir (pent, and that was the Caus of the grittef^ Feir, The Lord Mcix-
•well perceaving quhat wald be the End of fick Eeginningis, flude upoun his
Fute with his Freindis, quha being admonifchit to tak his Hors, and pro.
vyd for himfelf ; anfwerit. Nay, I •will rather alyd heir the Chance that it (all
fleis God to fend me, than to ga Hame, andthun he hangit. And fa he remainit
iipcun his FutCj and was tane, quhill the Multitud fled, and tuJc the gritter
H Schamr.
30 \l he Htjtorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. I.
Schatne. The Enemies perceving the Difbrdour, Increffit in Curage : Befbir
thay (choutit, bot than thay ftruke : They (chot Speiris, and daggit Arrowis
quhair the Cumpaneis war thickeft: Sum Rencounteris wer maid, bot nathing
availlit: The Souldiours caift fra thame thaire Pickis, Culveringis, and uther
Weaponis fenfibill ; the Horfmen left thair Speiris; and fa without Jugement all
Men fled: The Sey was filland, and fa the Watter maid gritStope. Bot the
Feir was fick, (a that happie was he mycht get a Taker, Sick as paflit the
Watter, and efchaippit the Danger, not Weill acquaintit with the Ground, fell
into the Sollen MoCs ; the Entrie thairof was plefant aneuche, bot as they
proceidit, all that tuk that Way outher tint thair Hors, or ellis thame felfis and
Hors bayth. To be (chort, a gritter Feir and Difcomfitour without Caus has
(eldome bein fein ; for it is faid, ^hat quhair the Men war not fuffident to tak
the Hands of Prifoneris^ fome ran to Houfes and randertt thamefelfis to IVomen.
Sfoute Oliver was tane without Straik, fleing full manfuUie, and (a was his
Glorie (ftinking and foolifche Proudnes we Ibuld call it) fuddenlie turnit to
Confufioun and Schame. In that Difcomfitour war tain the two Earles foir-
laidis, the Lordis Fleiningy Somerwell, and mony uther Barrones and Gentilmenj
befyidis the grit Multitud of Servands. Warldlie Men fay, That all this come
bot be the Mifbrdour and Fourtoun, as thay terme it. Bot quhafbever has
the leafl Spounk of the Rnawlege of God, may as evidentlie fie the Wark of
his Hand in this Difcomfitour, as evirwas fein in ony of the Battellis left to
us in Regifler be the Holy Gaifl, For quhat mair evident Declaratioun have
we that God faucht aganis Benhadade King of Haram, quhen he was diC
comfited at Samaria^ than that we have that God faucht with his awin Arm
againft Scotland. In this former Difcomfitour, thair did twa hundreth and
thrfcttie Perfbnis in the Skirmifche, with fevin thoufand following thame in
that grit Battell, put to Flight the faid Benhadade with threttie Ringis in his
Cumpanye : Bot heir thair is, in this fchamefull Difcomfitour of Scotland^ ver-
rie few mae than thre hundreth Men, without any Knawlege of any Backe
or Battell to follow, put to Flight ten thoufand Men, without anie Refiftence :
Thair did everie Man rencounter his Marrow, till that the 230 flew fick as
matchit thame ; bot heir without Slauchter the Multitude fled. Thair had
thay of Samaria the Propheit of God to comfort, to inftruft, and to promeis
Viftorie unto thame ; bot Ingland^ in that Perfute, had nothing bot as God
fecreitlie wrocht be his Providence in thefe Men that knew nothing of his
Working, nether yit of the Caufs thairof, mair than the Wall that fell upon
the reft of Benhadadis Armie knew what it did. And thairfbir yet agane
we fay, that fick as in that fuddane Dejeftioun beholdis not the Hand of God
fechting aganis Pryde, for Fredome of his awin lytill Flock injuftlie perfecutir,
dois willinglie and maliciouflie obfcure the Glorie of God. Bot the End thair-
of is yit mair notable. The certane Knowlege of the Difcomfitour cuming to
the Ringis Eiris ( quha waittit upoun Newis at Lochmahin ) he was (Iruckin
with ane fuddane Feir and Aftonifchment, fa that fcairflie could he fpeik, or
hald Purpois with any Man ; the Nycht confh-aynit him to remane quhair he
was, and fa went to Bed ; bot rais without Reft or quiet Sleip. His conti-
nuell Complaint was, Och ! fled Oliver } Is Oliver tane ? Och! fled Oliver?
And thay Wordis in his Melancholic, and as it war caryit away in a Trance,
repeatit he frome Tyme to Tyme to the Hour of his Deyth. Upoun the
Morne, whiche was Sanft Katherinis Day, retumit he to Edinlnrgh^ and fa
did the Cardinell from Haddintoun, Bot the ane beand efchamit of the uther,
the
Lib. I. of Religioun in Scotland. 31
the Brute of their Comunicatioun came not to publift Audience. The King
maid Invcntoris of his Fois, of all his Jewells and uthcr Subftance : And
thairefter efchamit to luik ony Man in the Fais, fecreitlie departit to Fyje^
and cuniing to the Hallyards was humainlie reflavit of the Ladie of 6V«;;gc,ane
antient and godlic Matrene (the Laird at his cuming was ablent.) In his
Cumpany was only with him JVilltam Kirkaldie^ now Laird of Grange^ and fiim
uther that waytit upoun his Chalmer. The Ladie at Supper, perlaving him pen-
five beganc to comfort him, and willed him to tak the Wark of God in gud
Parte. My Porttoun of this PVarU^ (aid he, is Jchorte^ for I imll not be -xith
you I / Dayis. His Servand repaired unto him aflcing, Quhair he wald have
Provifion maid for his i «;//, quhilk than aprochit ? He anfwerit, with a dif.
dainfijil Smyirk, / cannot tell, cbufe ye the Plaice ; but this I can tell you, or
Vulle-Z)fl> ye will be Maifterkfs, and the Realme •without a King. Becaus of his
Difplefur, no Man durft mak Contradiciioun unto him. Sa efter he had vifitit
the Caftell of Carney, perteining to i\xe Erie of Craufiirde, quhair the (aid Erie'*
Dochter was, ane of his Huiris, he returnit to Falkland, and tuk Bed. And
albeit thair apearit unto him na Signs of Deyth, yit he conftantlie affirmit, Be-
foir fick a Day I fal be deid. In this mein Tyme was the Quein, upoun the
Point of hir Deliverie in Linlythgovj, quha was deliverit the aucht Day of De-
cember, in the Yeirof God 1/42 Yeiris, of A/u/vf that then wes borne, and
now dois rigne for a Plague to this Realme, as the Progres of hir haill Lyif
had to this Day declars. The Certaintie that a Dochter was borne unto him^
cuming to his Eris, he turnit frome fick as fpak with him, and faid, Ihe Devill
ga with it, it -will end as it begane ; ;/ come frome a fVoman, and it "jiill end in
a Woman. Efter that he fpak not monyWordis that war (enfibill. Bot evir
he harpit Upoun this auld Sang. Fy! fled Oliver? // Oliver tane? All is
loft. In this mein Tyme, in his gritte(l Extremitie,cumis the Cardinall, ane apt
Comforter for ane difpcrat Man. He cryis in his Eir, 'tak Ordottr, Sir, with the
Realme. ^ho fall reulle. Sir, during the Minority of your Dochter ? Ye have
hia-TJuin my Service, qnhat "will ye have done ? Sail thair jwt be four Regentis chofenf
And fall not I be Principall of thame ?
Quhatfoevir the King anfwerit, Documentis war tarie, that (a fould be as
my Lord Cardinall thoucht expedient. As mony affirme, a deid Manis Hand
was maid to fubfcryve ane Blank, that thay mycht wryte above it quhat
pleifit thame belt. This finifched, the Cardinell poiftit to the Quein, laitlie
deliverit, as (ayd is ; at the firft Sycht of the Cardinell fohe (aid. Welcome^
tny Lord, is not the King deid ? Quhat muiffit hir to conjeftour, divers Men
ar of divers Jugments; mony quhifper that of auld his Parte wes in the
Potte, and that the Sufpicioun thairof caufit him to be inhibit the Queinis
Cumpanie : Howfoevir it was befoir, it is plane, that efter the Ringis
t)eyth, and during the Cardinallis Lyif, quho(bevir gydit the Court, he gat
his feaeit BefTmefs fped of that gracious Ladie, outher be Day or be Nychf.
Howfoevir the Tydingis lykit hir, (che mendit with al(e grit Expeditioun
of that Dochter as evir fche did befoir of ony Sone that evir Iche bairj the
Tyme of hir Purificatioun was foner than the Leviticall Law apointis f.
•Hie Nr'yfe of the Deyth of King James divulgat, quha departit this Lyif
the i8. Day of December, the Yeir of God 1/42 foirfaid, the Hairtis of all
Men began to be difcloifit. All Men lamentit that the Reahne wes left
H 2 with-
t Bht fche was na Jev/ep, and thairfoir in that offend it not.
2 2 l^he Hijlorieofthe Reformat ioun Lib. I.
without a Maill to fucceid: Yit (urn rejoyfit that fick ane Enemie to Godis
Treuth was tane away. He was callit of fum a gude pure Manis Ring j
of utheris he was teirmit a Murtherer of the Nobilitie, and ane that had
decreed thair haill Diftruftioun. Sum prayfit him for the reprefTing of Thifc
and Opreffioun; utheris difprayfit him for the defoulling of Menis Wyifis
and Virginis. And thus Men fpak ein as Menis Effeftiounis led thame,
and yit nane fpak altogither be(ydis the Treuthe ; for a Pairt of all the fbir-
laidis war fa manifeft, that as the Vertewis could not be denyit, fa could
not the Vyces be ony Craft be cloickit. The Queftioun of Government was
thruche this Realm univer(allie movit. The Cardinall proclamit the Ringis
laft Will, and thairin was expreffit four Proteftors, or Regentis, of quhome
himfelf was the Firft and Principal), and with him war joynit the Erilles
of Huntolie^ Jrgyle and Murray ; this was done the Mononday at the Marcat
Croice of Edinburgh: Bot the Mononday following tuk the haill Regentis
RemifTioun for thair Ufurpatioun ; for by the ftout and wys Counfaill of the
Laird of Grainge^ did the Earle of Jrrane, than (ecound Perfbun to the
Crown caus aflembill the Nobilitie of the Realme, and requirit the Equitie
of thair Jugementis in that his juft Sute to the Governement of the Re-
alme during the Minority of hir to quhome he was to fucceid, failling of
hir and of hir lauchfuU SuccefTors. His Freindis conveinit, the Nobilitie af^
femblit the Day of Decifioun was apointit. The Cardinall and his Fafti-
oun oponit thame to the Governement of one Man, and efpecially to the
Regiment of any callit Haum'dtoun : For quha knawts not, faid the Cardinall,
that the Haumiltounis dr cruell Murtherers, Oprejfourii of Innocentis, proud^
avaritmiSy doubill and fals ; and finally, the Peftilence in this Comune-welth.
Quhairunto the faid Erie anfwerit. Defraud me not of my Rycht, and call me
quhat ye phis, ^hatfoevir my Freindis has bein, yit unto this Day hes no Man
Caus to complain upoun me, neyther yit am I mindit to flatter any of my Freindis
in thair evill Doing, bot be God's Grace fal be als forward to corre^ thair E-
normities, as any within the Realme can reffonciblie require of me : And thair'
fore yit again, my Lord, in God's Name I crave, that ye do me na IVrang^
mr defiaude me of my juft Titill, befoir ye have Experience of my Government.
At thay Wordis were all that feirit God, and luifit Honeflie, fb muifir, that
■with ane Voce they cryit, That Petitioun is maift juft, and miles we do againft
God Juftice and Equity, it can not be denyit. And fa, in Difpyte of the Car-
dinal and his fubornit Faftioun, was he declairit Governouf, and with pub-
1161 Proclamatioun fb denuncit to the Pepill ; the Ringis Palice, Treafure,
Jewells, Garmentis, Hors, and Plate war deliverit unto him by the Officiers
that had the former Charge, and he honourit, feirit, and obeyit mair hair-
tilie nor evir ony Ring was before him, fa lang as he abaid at God. The
Caus of the grit Favour that was borne, was, That it was bruitit that he
favourit God's Word. And becaus it was well knawin, that he was ane
appointit to have bein perfecutit, as the Scroll found in the Ringis Pockit ef^
ter his Deyth did witnefs, thir twa Thingis, togidder with ane Opinioun
that Men had of his Simplicitie, bowit the Harts of mony unto him at the
Beginning, quha efter, with Dolour of Harts, was compellit to chaing thair
Opiniounls : But heirof will efter be fpokin. The Varietie of Matteris that
occurit we omit, fick as the Ordour tackin for keiping of the young Quein,
of the Provifioun for the Mother, the hame calling of the Douglafs, and fick
as apertein to ane univerfal Hiftorie of the Tymej for, a$ befoir we have
(aid.
L I B. I. of Rcligiouti in Scotland. 3 3
iaid, we mynd onlie to follow the Progrefs of the Religioun, and of the
Matteris that can not be dineverit from the fame.
The Govemour eftablilhit in Government, godlie Men rcpairit unto him,
exhortit him to call to Mynd for quhat End God had exhaltit him, and of
quhat Danger he had deliverit him, and quhat Expc6latioun all Men of Ho-
neftie had of him. At thair inftant fuiting, mair than of his awin Motiuun
was Thomas Guilliam, a black Freir, callit to be Preicheour; the Man was of
folide Jugement, raflbnabill Letteris as for that Age, and of a prompt and
Eud Utterance, his Do6lrinc was whdefome without a grit Vehemencie
againis Superftitioun : Preichit al(b fumetymes Johnne Koucht^ quho effer, for
the Veritie of Chrift Jefus, fufferit in Inglatd^ albeit not (b leirned, yit mair
fimple and mair vehement aganis all Impietic. The Doctrine of thay twa
provockit aganis thame, and aganis the Govemour alfo, the Hatret of all
fick as rather favourit Darknes than Lycht, and thair awin Bellies mair thart
God, the gray Freiris, and amongeft the Reft Freir Scot, quha befoir had
gevin himfelf forthe for the gritteft Profeftbur of Chrift Jefus within Scot-
Ian:/, and under that Cullour had dilcloifed, and Co indangered many. Thir
Slaves of Sathan, we fay, roupit as they had bein Ravenis, yea, rather thay
yellit and roarit as Devills in Hell, Herefie, Herefie, Guilliam atid Roughr ivill
cary the Govemour unto the Devill. The Toun of Ediuhmgh, for the maift
Parte, wes drowned in Superftitioun ; Ed-xarcl, Hope, young fVilliam Adumfoun,
SihiHa Liudefay, Patrick L'mdefay, Francis Atkman, and in the Canoungat
Johntie M^Kaw, and N'lniam Broun, with few utheris had the Bruit of Knaw-
lege in thai Days. Ane IVilfoun, Servant to the Bifchope of DuukeU, quha
nether knew the New Teftament nor the Auld, maid a difpyitfiil railling
Ballat againft the Preicheours, and againft the Go\'ernour, for the quhilk he
narrowly efchaipit hanging The Cardinall movit bayth Hevin and Hell to tru-«
bill the Govemour, and to ftay the Preicheing ; but yit was the Battell ftout-
lie fouchtin for a Seafbun; for he was tane and put firft in Dalkeyth, ettcr
in Seatoun, but at lengthe be budis gevin to the faid Lord Setoun, and to
the auld Laird of Leth'wgtoun, he was reftoirit to Sanft Audrois, frome whence
he wroicht all Mifcheif, as we fall efter heir.
The Parliament approchit, quhilk was befoir the Pafcle ; thair bygane
Queflioun of the abolifching of certane tyrrannicall Aftis, maid befoir at De-
votioun of the Prelattis, for mainteining of the Kingdome of Darknes, to
wit, 'J'hal under Pane of Herefie no Man fouJd reid ony Part of the Scrip--
iures in the Inglifche 'foung, nouther yet ony Tracfate or Expofitioun of ony
Plaice of Scripture. Sick Articles began to cum in Queftioun we fay, and
Men began to inquire, gif it was not lawfull to Men that underftode no
Latin, X6 ufs this Word of thair Salvatioun in the Toung they underftode,
as it was for Latin Men to have it in Latin, Grecianis and Hehrems to have it '
in thair Toungis. It was anfwerit. That the Kirk firft had forbidden all
Kynd of Toungis but thay thre. Bot Men demandit when that Inhibitioun
wes gevin ? And quhat Counfaill had ordainit that, confidering, that in thfe
Dayis of Cbryfoftome he complainif, that the Pepill ufit not the Pfalmis and
uther holie Buikis in thair awin Toungis ? And gif ye will fay theyes war
Greikis, and underftode the Gr«'^ Toung, we anfwer, that Chrift he hes comman-
dit his Word to be preichit to all Natiounis : Now, gif it aucht to be preichit
to all Natiounis, it mon be preichit in the Toung thay underftand. Now, if
I it
34 ^'^^^ Hi/iorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
it be lawfull to preiche it in all Toungis, quhy fall it not be lawful! to reid
it, and to heir it red in all Tungis ? to the End that the PepiU may try the
Spirit'ts^ according to the Commandiment of the Apoftle. Beatin with thei(s
and uther Reafounis, they denyit not bet it may be red in the vulgar Tung,
provyding that the Tranflatioun war trew. It was demandit quhat could be
reprehendit in it ? And quhen mekill feirching was maid, nothing could be
found, but that Ln'if^ fay thay, was put in the Plaice of Cheritie. Quhen the
Queftioun was askit, Quhat Defference was betwix the ane and the uther?
And git they underftode theGm^ Term iyi-^^ They war dume. Reafonif-
for the Partie of the Secularis, the Lord Ruthvetiy Father to him that prou-
dently gave Counfaill to tak juft Punilchment upon that Knaif Z)flw>, for
that he had abuifiit King Harie in ma Cai(es than ane, a flout and difcreit
Man in the Caus of God, and Mr. Henrie Balnavlsy an auld Profeflbur ; for
the Pairt of the Clergie, Hay^ Dean of Rejialrigj and certane auld Bofles with
him.
The Conclufioun was, The Comifiioneris of Burghis, and a Pairt of the
Nobilitie, requirit of the Parliament, that it mycht be inaftit, That it Jliould
he lefoun to everie Man to ufs the Bemfite of the 'Tranflatioun quhilk than they had
of the Byhill and New Teftamenty togidder with the Benefite of uther Ireatifes
conteining hailfome Doffrine^ unto fick Tyme as the Prelattis and Kirkmen fould
give and jet furth unto thame ane Tranflatioun mair carrel. The Clergie thair-
to lang repugnit. Bot in the End, convifted be Rea(bnis, and be Multitude
of Votis in thair contrair, they alfb condifcendit j and fb by A61 of Parlia-
ment, it was maid free to all Men and Wemen to reid the Scriptures in thair
awin Toung, or in the Inglifche Toung j and fb was all Aftis maid in the
contrair aboli(chit.
This was na fmall Viftorie of Chrifl Je(us, fechting aganis the conjured E-
nemies of his Veritie j hot fmall Comfort to fick as befoir war haldin in fick
Bondage, that thay durft not have red the Lordis Prayer, the Ten Comande-
mentis, nor Artickles of thair Fayth in the hgUfche Toung, bot they fould
heif bein accufit of Herefie. Then mycht have bein fein the Bybill lying al-
maift upoun everie Gentilmanis Tabill. The New Teftament wes borne a-
bout in mony Menis Hands. We grant, that fum, alas, prophainit that bliC
fit Worde, for fiime, perchance, that nevir had red ten Sentences in it, had it
maift comoun in thair Hands j they wald chope their Familiaris in the Cheik
with it, and (ay,"This has lyin hid under my Bed Feit thir ten Yeirs, others
*' wald glorie, O ! how oft have I bein in Danger for this Buike ! How
" fecreitlie have I ftellin away fra my Wyif at Midnycht to reid upoun it."
And this was done we fay of mony to mak Court thairby : For all Men e-
fleimit the Governour to be the maift fervent Proteftant that was in Europa.
Albeit we (ay that mony abuifit that Libertie grantit of God miraculouflie, yit
thairby did the Knawledge of God wondrouflie encrefs, and gave his Holie
Spreit to (emple Men in grit Aboundance : Then wer fet furthWarkis in our
awin Toung, befyidis thame that cum from Ingland^ that did difclois the
Pryid, the Craft, the Tyrrannie, and the Abuifs of the Roman Antichryfi,
The Fame of our Governour was fpread in divers Cuntreyis,and mony prayfit
God for him. Ring Harie fent unto him his Ambafladour Mr. Saidler^ quha
lay in Edinburgh a great Part of Somer j his Comiffioun and Negotiatioun was
to contraft a perpetuall Amitie betwix Ingland and Scotland, The Occafiouti
quhairof God had lb offerrit, that to mony Men it apeirit that from Hevin
he
IB. I. of Religiountn Scotland. 35
he had dedaired his gude Plefure in that Behalf For to King Harie, of Jane
Somer, cfter the Deith ofQuein Katharine^ and of all utheris that mycht have
maid his Mariage fufpeaed, wes gevin a Sonc, FJ-:vcir^ the Sext of bleflTir
Memorie, elder fome Yeirs than our Maiftrcs, and uilTo us left a Quein as
befoir we have hard. This wonderful! Providence of God caufTit Men of grit-
teft Judgment to enter into Difputatioun with thamefelfis, Whither that with
gude Confcience any Man mycht repugne to the Defyris of the King of A/?-
lan^, confiddering that thairby all Occafioun of Weir mycht be cut of and
grit Comoditie mycht infew to this Realme. The Offeris of King ' Hiine
wer Co lairg, and his Demandis (b reflbnabill, that all that luifit Quietnes
wes content thairwith. Thair wes fend frome the Parliament to King Harie
in ComifTioun, S'lv James Leirmonthe, and Mr. Henry Balnaveis, quha lang re-
maining in biglanJ^ fo travellit that all Thingis concerning the Marriage be-
twixt EJixard the Sext and Marie Quein of Scottis wes agreit upoun except
the Tyme of hir Deliverance to the Cuf^odie oC Engl'ifcbemen. Upoun the fi-
nail Condufioun of the quhilk Heid, wer addit to the former ComifTionari-,
tVilliam Erie of G/encan/e and S\t George Doi'gkts, to quhome was gevin ample
ComifTioun and gud Inftaiftiounis. In ScolLmd remainit Mr. Sa/d/er. Ad-
verteifmentis paft fa frequentlie betwix, yea the Handis of our Lordis Uar fa
liberallie anoyntit, befydis uther Comodities promeifTit, and of fum reflavit •
for divers Priflbners tane at Sohvie Mofs war fend hame Ranfbum fre, upoun
Promeis of thair Fidelitie, quhilk, as it was keipir, the Ifchew will witnes.
Bot in the end fb weill war all anis content (the Cardinal, the Quein and
the Faftioun of France evir exceptit) that fblcmnitlie in the Abbay of Haly-
rudhoiis, was the Contraft of Marriage made betwix the Perfbnis foirfaids to-
gidder with all the Claufes and Conditiounnis requifite, for the faythfull Ob-
^rvatioun thairof, red in publift Audience, fubfcryvit, feallit, approvit and al-
lowit of the Governour for his Pairt, Nobilitie, and Lordis for thair Partis •
and that nathing (buld want that mycht fortifie the Matter, was Chriffis Bo-i.
die facrat, as Papiftis term it, brockin betwix the faid Governour and Mr.
Saidlar Ambafladour, and receavit of thame bayth, as a Signe and Taikin of
the Unitie of thair Myndis, inviolablie to keip that Contraft in all Pointis as
they luikit of Chrift Jefus to be favit, and efrer to be repute Men worthie of
Credit befoir the Warld. The Papiftis rageit againft the Governour and a-
gainft the Lordis that confentit, and abaid fuir at the Contraft foirfaid i
And they made a brage to depois the Governour, and to confound all as
efter foUowit. But upoun the returning of the faidis AmbafTadouris fromtf
Liglandy Pacificatioun was maid for that Tyme, for be the Tugementis
of aught Perfonis for atherPartie, 'to juge quhidder ony Thing was done
for the (aid AmbafTadours, in the contracting of that Mariage, quhiJk
to do they had not fufficient Power fra the Counfaill and Parliament
it was found that all Thingis war done according to thair ComifTioun, and
that (b they fould ftand. And fa war the Seillis of Ingland and Scotland in-
terchangit. Maif^er James Fowlis, then Clerk of Regifter, receivit the Greit
Seill oflnghnd: And Mr. Saidlar recavit the Grit Seall of Scotland. The
Heidis of Contrail we pas by. Thir Thingis newlie ratefeit, the Merchantis
maik Frack to faill, and to thair Traffique, quhilk be the Trouble of Weirs
had fum Yeirs bein hinderit. Frome Edinhurgh wer frauchtit twelf SchipJs
richelie laidin, according to the Wairis of Scotland : From utlier Tounis
and Portis departit utheris, quhilk all arryvit upoun the Coafl of England to-
« ^ ^ wards
3^ The Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. I.
wards the South, to witj of Yermouth ; and without ony grit Neceflitie enterit
not onlie within Roadis, but alfb within Poartis and Places of Comandement,
and quhair that Schipis mycht be arreiftit. And becaus of the lait Contraft of
Amitie, and gentill Interteinment that thay fand at the firft, thay maid no
grit Expeditioun : But being, as thai fuppoifit, in Securitie, in Merinefs they
ipendit the Tyme, abyding upoun the Wind. In this mein Tyme arryvit
frome France to Scotland the Abbote of Paiflay, callit Baftard Brother to the
Governour, quhome yit money efteimit Sone to the auld Bifchope of Dun-
kelden^ callit Creyckomi^ and with him Mr. David Painter^ quha efter was
ijiaid Bifchope of Rofs. The bruit of the Leirning of thay tway, and thair
honeft Lyif, and of thaire Fervencie and Uprychtnes in Religioun wes fick,that
grit Efperance thair was that thair Prefence fbuld have bein comfortable to the
Kirk of God. For it was conftantlie affirmit of fum, that without Delay, the
ane or the uther wald occupie the Pulpit, and trewlie preiche Jefus Chrili.
Bot few Dayis difcloifed thair Hypocrifie. For quhat Terrouris, quhat Pro-
meiffes, or quhat inchanting Boxes they brocht frome France, the comoun
Pepill knew nor. Bot fchort efrer, it was fein that Freir Guilliame was inhi-
bit to preiche, and fo departit to Ingland: Johime Rough to Kylle, a Recep-
tacle of God's Servants of auld. The Men of Jugement, Counfaill and Godli-
nes that had travellit to promot the Governour, and that gave him faythfuU
Confaill in all doutfull Maters,war outher craftelie convoyit fra him,or ellis be
Threatning to be hangit, war compellit to leif him. Of the ane Nomber
was the Laird of Grainge foirfaid, Mr. Henrie Balnaveis, Mr. Thomas BeU
lenden, and Sir David Lindefay of the Monte : Men, be quhais Labouris
he was promotit to Honour, and be quhais Counfaill he fo ufit himfelf at the
beginning, that the Obedience gevin unto him was nathing inferiour to that
Obedience that ony King of Scotland of mony Yeirs had befoir him j yea
in this it did furmount the comoun Obedience, that it proceidit of Luif) of
thay Vertues that was fuppoifed to have bein in him. Of the Number of
thame that war threatnit, was Mr. Michell Durhame, Mr. David Borthmck,
David Forrefs, and David Bothuelh^ quha counfaillit him to have in his Cum-
panie, Men feiring God, and not to fofter wickit Men in thair Iniquitie, al-
beit thay war callit his Freindis, and war of his Surname : This Counfall
underftand be the foirfaid Abbote, and be the Haumiltoimis, quha then re-
paint to the Court, as Ravenis to the Carioun. In playne Wordis it was faid.
My Lord GovernoHT nor his Freindis will nevir be at Bis nor ^ietnes^ till that a
Duffoun ofthtr Knaives that abufe his Graice be hangit. Thir Wordis war fpo.
kin in his awin Prefence, and in the Prefence of thame that had better defer-
vit, than to have bein fo intraitit : The Speikar was allowit for his bauld
and playne fpeikin. And fo the wickit Counfall deprehendit, honefi: and god-
lie Men left the Court and him in the Handis of fick, as be thair wickit
Counfaill, led him fa far fra God, that he falfefyit his Promeis, d^pt his
Hands in the Bluid of the Sanctis of God, and brocht this Comoun '\yelthe to
the uter Point of Ruyne ; and thir^war the firfl Fruitisof the Abbote ofPaif-
lay his Godlines and Leirning : Bot heirefter we will heir majr. AH honefi,
and godlie Men baHifchit from the Court, the Abbote and the Counfaill be-
gynis to lay befoir the inconftant Governour, the Dangeris that mycht inlew,
the Alteratioun and Chainge of Religioun ; the Power of the Ring of France^
the Comoditie that mycht cum to his Hous and to him, be retaining the an-'
cient League with France, and the grit Danger that i}e iJfQci^t i^pjJft l?,i.i|iftli^
Lib. I. of Rcligioim tfi Scothnd. 37
gif in ony Jme he fufferit the Authoritie of the Paip to be violated, or calli:
in dout within this Realme : Confiddcring that thairiipoun onhe ftude the
Securitie of his Right to the Succenioun of the Crown ot this Realme : For
be God's Word wald not the Divorcement of his Father fromc Eiirabcthe
Hotline^ his firftWyif, be found laufull, and fa wald his fecound Mariage be
jugit null, and he declaired Bartard. Cayphas fpak Frophecie, and yit wi^t not
quhat he fpak : For at that Tyme thair was no Man that trewlie feirit God
that myndit ony fick Thing, bot with thair haill Force wald have fortefyic
that Tytill that God had gevin unto him, and wald nevir have callit in Que-
ftioun Thingis done in Tyme of Darknes. Bot theis Heid we pas by till God
declair his Word thairintill. Ane urher Prafteis was ufit : For the Cardinal]
being fet at Libertie, as befoir we have hard, ceifTit not to traffick with ilk of
the Multitude as he mycht draw to his Faftioun, or corrupt be ony Meanis
to rais a Fartie agains the faid Governour, and againis fick as ftude faft at the
Contract of Mariage and Peicc with Iiigland. And fo aflemblit at Lynlythgow
the faid Cardinall, the Earlis Jrgyill, Hiiiitelie, and Bothiiell^ the Bifchopis and
thair Bandis. And thairefter thay pafTit to Stirling^ and tuk with thamc bayth
the Queinis Mother and the Dochter, and threatnit the Dcpfitioun of the
faid Governour, as rnolw/ient to thair talie Mother the Kirky Co teirme thay
that Harlot of Bdhiloie, Rome: the inconftant Man not througlie groundit
upoun God, left in his awin Default, deftitute of all gude Conlaill, and haif-
ing the Wickit evir blawing in his Eir, ^itb^^t will ye do? Ye 'will diftroy your
felf and your Hous for evir. The unhappie Man, we (ay, beatin with thir
Tentatiounis, randerit himielf to the Appetyitis of the Wickit; for he quiet-
lie ftall away frome the Lordis that war with him than in the Pallice of Ha-
lyrudhous, pzA to Stirling, fubje6tit himself to the Cardinall and to his Confaill
refTavit Ablblutioun, renuncit the FrofefTioun of Chrift Jefus his holie Evangel!
and violatit his Ayth that befoir he had maid, for Obiervatioun of the Con-
traft and League maid with Ingland. At that Tyme was our Quein crounit
and new Promeis maid to France. The Certaintie heirof cuming to Rino-i/^-
rie, our Scoitn Schipis war ftayit, the Saillis tane fra the Rayes, and the Mer-
chands and Marineris war comandit to fuir Cuftodie. New Comiflioun was
fend to Maifter Saidlar, quha than ftill remainit in Scotland, to demand the
Caus of that (uddane Alteratioun, and to travell be all Meanis pofTibill that
the Governour mycht be callit back to his former godlie Purpois, and that he
wald not do fo foolifchelie and inhoneftlie, yea, fo cruellie and unrrercyful-
lie to the Realme of Scotland -^ that he wald not onlie lois the Comoditeis of-
ferit, and that war partelie to be receavif, bot that alfb he wald expone it
to the Haiarde of Fyre and Sworde, and uther Inconveniencies that mycht in-
few the Weir that was to follow upoun the Violatioun of his Fayth. Bot no-
thing could availl. The Devill keipit faft the Grip that he gat, yea all the
Dayis of his Government : For the Cardinall gat his eldeft Sone in Pledge
quhome he keipit in the Caftell of St. Androis, quhill the Day that God's
Hand punifchit his Pryd. King Harie perceaving that all Hope of the Gover-
nours Repentance was loift, callit back his Ambafladour, and that with feirfull
Threatningis, as efter Edinhirghe felt: Denuncit War, maid our Schipis Pry.
fis, Merchantis and Marineris lawful! Priflbneris, quhilk to the Burghis of
.SV^'/Zflw^ was na fmall Heirfchip. Bot thairat did the Cardinell and Pari ftjs
laucbe, and jeftinglie faid, ^the)? "xe fall conqueis Ingland the Merchantis fall
he recompenfit. Tne Somer and the HaiTcft pad over without any porabill
^ Thing :
38 ^J he Hijtorie of the Rejormatioun Lib. I.
Thmg : For the Cardinal! and the Abbote of Paiflay pairtit the Pray among
thame • the abufit Governour bair the Name onelie. In the beginning of
Winter came the Erie of Lennox to Scotland, fend fra France in hatrent of the
Governour, quhome the King, be the Cardinallis Advyis, promeifTit to pro.
nunce Baftard, and (b to mak the faid Erie Governour j the Cardinall farder
did put the faid Erie in vane Hoip, that the Quein Dowager (buld marie him.
He brocht with him fum Money, and mair he efter refavit at the Hands of
Labrothe.
But at lenthe, perceaving himfelf fruftrate of all Expefi-atioun that he had,
outher be France, or yit be the Promeifs of the Cardinall, he concludit
to leive France, and to feik the Favours of Ingland; and (a begane to draw a
Faftioun againis the Governour ; and in Haitrent of the utheris Inconftancie,
monie favourit him in the Beginning; for thair Aflembht at the ruill, in the
Toun of Air, the Erles of Angus, Glencatrne, Caffiles, the Lords Maxwell,
the Laird of Drumlangrig, the Sherif of Air, with all the
Force that thay, and the Lords that remainit conftant at the Opinioun of /;?^.
land, mycht mak ; and efter the Kuille they come to Leytk The Governour
and Cardinall with thair Forces keipit Edinburgh; for they war flaklie perfewir.
Men excuis the Erie of Lennox in that Behalf, and layd the Blame upoun fum
that had na Will of Stewartis Regiment. Howfbever it was, fick ane A-
pointment was maid, that the faid Erie of Lennox was difapointit of his Pur-
pois, and narrowlie efcaipit ; and firfl gat him to Glafgow, and efter to Bumbar-
tane. Sir George Douglas was deliverit to be keipit as Plege. The Erie his
Brother was efter tane in the Lenterne, at the Siege of Glafgow. It was bruitit,
that bayth the Brethren, and utheris with thame, had loift thair Heidis, if be
the Providence of God the Inglijche Armie had not aryvit the fbner. Efter that
the Cardinall had gottin the Governour haill addift to his Devotioun, and had
obtainit his Intent above his Enemies, he began to praftis how that fick as he
feirif, and thairfoir deidlie haitit, fbuld be let be the Earis ane againft another.
For in that, thoicht the carnall Man, ftude his gritteft Securitie. The Lord
Ruthvene he halted, be ReafToun of his Knowlege of Godis Word. The Lord
Gray he feirit, becaufe at that Tyme he ufit the Cumpanie of fick as profefTit
Godlines, and buir fhiall Favour to the Cardinall. Now this reflbnic the ward-
lie wys Man, If I can put Inimitie betwix thir twa, I fal be rid of a grit Nomber
of Unfreindis ; for the maift of the Cuntrey will outher affit the ane or the uther;
and fa will they utherwayis be occupyit, than to -watcheformy Difplefour. He findis
the Mein without lang Procefs : For he labourit with Johnne Chatirhous, a
Man of flout Courage and mony Freindis, to accept the Proveftrie of St.
Johneftoun, quhilk he purchaifTit unto him be Donatioun of the Governour, with
Chairge to the faid Toun to obey him, as their lawfull Proveift. Quhairat
not onlie the faid Lord Ruthvene, bot alfb the Toun, being offended, gave ane
negative Anfwer, alleging, that fick Intruiffing of Men in Office was hurtfull
to thair Privilege and Fredome; quhilk grantit unto thame frie Eleftioun of
thair Provifl fra Yeir to Yeir, at a certane Tyme apointit, quhilk they could
not, or wald not prevent. Heirat the faid Johnne offendit faid, That he wald
occupy e that Office be Force, gif that thay wald not grant it unto him, he Benevolence'.
And fb departit, and comunicated the Matter with the Lord Gray, with Nor-
mand Leflie, and utheris his Freindis, quhome eafilie he perfwadit in that Per-
f'-'-e, becaus he apeirit to have the Governour's Rycht, and had not onelie a
Chairge unto the Toun, as faid is, but alfb he purchafTit Letteris to befeige it,
and
Lib. 1. of Kdigioun tn Scotland. 3^
and to tak it be ftrong Hand, if ony Refiftance war maid unto him : Sick
Letters, we lay, maid mony to favour his Aftioun. The uther maid Defence,
and fo tuik the Mailer ot Kulhvcn ( the Lord that eftcr dcpartit in hidcind ) the
Menteinance of the Toun, haifing in his Ciimpanie the Laird of Moncreif\
and uther Freindis adjacent. The (aid /"'^w/^ maid frack for the perfuit ; and
upoun the Magdalene Day, in the Morning amio i J43. approchit with hisForcis.
The Lord Gray tuke upoun him the principall Chairge : It was appcintit, that
Noriiioi>id Le/Iie with his Freindis fouid have cum by Schip, with Munitiouri
and Ordinance, as thai war in Redines. Eot becaus the Tyid lervit not fa
Tone as thay wald, the uther thinking himfelf of fufficient Force, for all that
was in the Toun, enrerit in be the Brig, quhair thay fand no Refiftance,
till that the fbirmeft Parte was enterit a pretty Spaice fra the F/fc/je-
Yet ; and than the (aid Mailter of Ruthvcn with his Cumpanie, (loutlie
rencounterit thamc, and (b raidelie rcpulfit the formed, that fick as war behind
gave back : The Place of the Reryre was (b flrait, that Men that durft not
fecht could not (lie at thair Plefure ; for the maid Pairc of my Lord Grayis
Freindis was upoun the Brig; and (b the Slauchter was grit ; for their fell
in the Edge of the Sword thre(core Men. The Cardinall had rather, that
the Unhappe had (allin one the uther Pairt • boc howibevir it was, he thoicht,
that fick Trubill was to hisComforte and Advantage. The Knowlege quhair-
of came to the Eiris of the Pairtie that had receivir the Difcomfitour, and was
unto thame no fmall Greif; for as mony enterit of thame in that Aftioun for
his Plelbur, (a thoicht thay to have had his Fortiiicatioun and Alliance,
quhairof finding thamelelfis fruftrate, thay bcgane to luik mair narrowlie to
thamefelfis, and did not (b mekill attend upoun the Cardinallis Devotioun, as
thay had woint to do befbir ; and fo was ane new Jeloufie engendrit amongis
thame : For quholbevir wald not play to him the gude Vallet, wes reputed
amongis his Enemies. The Cardinall drew the Govemour to D/wiZ/V j for he
underrtude that the Earle of Rothejs and Mr. Henr'ie Bahiaveis war with the
Lord Gray in the Caftell of H/iiitlie. The Governour fent and comandit the
faidis Erille and Lord, with the foirlaid Mr. Her.rle^ to cum unto him to Dun-
die^ and apointit the nixt Day at ten Hours befoir None, quhilk Hour they de-
creit to keip ; and for that Purpois alTemblit thair Folkis at Balgawy, or thair-
by. The Cardinall adverteifit of thair Number fthay war mo than thre hond-
reth Men ) thoicht it not gude, that thay fould joyne with the Toun, for he
feirit hisawin Elkit ; and (o he perlwaidit the Governour to pas furth of /)««-
die before nyne Hours, and to tak the ftraycht Way to St. Johiieftouu ; quhilk
perfavit be foirfaid Lordis, thay begane to feir that thay wald cum to perlew
thame, and (a put thamelelfis in Ordour and Array, and marchit forward of
Purpois to have bidden the uttermoft. But the craftie Fox foirfeing, that in
fechting ftoode not his Securitie, ran to his lalt Refuge, that is, to manifeft
Treafone; and (b Confultatioun was tane, how that the Force of the utheris
jnycht be brokin: And at the fitft was fent the Laird of Grainge^ and the
Proveifl of St. Aidrois, knawing nathing of Trea(bne, to ask quhy they mo-
leftit my Lord Governour in his Jurney ? Quhairto they anfwerit. That they
meint nathing lefs, for thay come at his Graicts Comandemeut^ to have keipit the
Hour in Dundie apointit be hivi^ qubilk becaus they /aw prevent it j and knawing the
Cardinall to be thair Unfreind^ they could mt hot Jufpe^ thair unprovydit cuming
furth of the Toun-, and thair foir thay put thamefelfis in Ordour, not to ifivaid, hot
to defend in cais thay war iirjaidit. This Anfwer reported, was fend to thame
K 2 the
4.0 ^he Hijlorie of the Keformatioun Lib. I.
the Bifchope of St. Androis^ the Abbote of Paiflay^ Mr. David Painter, the
Lairds of Bacleuche and Coldinknowis, to defyre certane of the uther Cumpa-
nie to talk with thame, quhilk they eafilie obtenit, for they fu(pe61:ed no Trea-
fone. Efter lang Cortiunicatioun, it was demandit, gif that the Erie, and
Lord and Mr. Henrie foirfaid, wald not be content to talk with the Governour,
provyding, that the Cardinall and his Cumpanie war of the Ground ? They
anfwerit That the Governour mycht comand thame in all Things lawfull ; hot thai
lad no Will to he in the Cardinallis Mercie. Fair Promeift anew war maid for
their Securitie ; than was the Cardinall and his Band comandit to departe ; as
that he did according to the Purpois tane. The Governour remainit, and a
Certane with him j to quhome come without Cumpanie the faid Erie, Lord
and Mr. Henrie. After mony fair Wordis gevin unto thame all, to wit, That
he wald have thame agreit with the Cardinall ; and that he wald have Mr. Henrie
Balnaveis the fVarker and Inftrument thairof. He drew fordwards with him to-
wardis St. Johnftoim, quhairto the Cardinall was riddin. They began to fuf-
peft albeit it was too laite ; and thairfoir they defyrit to have returnit to thair
Folkis for putting Ordour to thame. Bot it was anfwerit, Thay [odd fend
hack fra the Toun ; bot they moft neidis go fordward with my Lord Governour. And
fo partlie by Flatterie, and partlie be Force, they war compellit to obey • and
how fone that evir they war within the Toun they war apprehendit, and upoun
the Morne fent all thrie to the Blachies, quhair thay remainit Co long as it
pleifit the Cardinallis gracelefs Graice, and that was till that the Band of Man-
rent and of Service fet flim of thame at Libertie. And thus the Cardinall with
his Crafte prevaillit one everie Syid j fa that the Scottis Proverb was trew of
him, Sa lang runes the Fox as he Fute hes.
Quhither it was at this his Jorney, or at ane uther, that that bludie
Boucheour executit his Crueltie upoun the innocent Perfbnes in Sanft Johne^
ftoun we cannot affirm : Nouther yit ftudie we to be curious, bot rather we
travell to exprels the Veritie, quhen fb evir it was done, than fcrupulouflie
and exacllie to appoint the Tymes, quhilk yit we omitte not, quhen the Cer-
taintie occuris. The Veritie of that cruell Faft is this. At San6i Paulis Day,
befoir the firfl burning of Edinburghe, come to Sanft Johneftoun the Governour
and Cardinall, and thair, upoun invyous Dilatioun, war a grit Number ofho-
neft Men and Wemen, callit befoir the Cardinall, accuifit of Herefie; and al-
beit thai could be convift of nothing, but onlie of Sufpicioun, that thay had
' eitten a Gus upoun Fryday, four Men war adjugit to be hangir, and a Wo-
man to be drownit. Quhilk cruell and maift injufl Sentence was without
Mercie put in Executioun. The Houfband was hangit, and the Wyf having
a (bucking Babe upoun hir Breift, was drounit. O Lord., the Land is not yit
turgit frame ftck beiftlie Crueltie, nouther hes thy ju/i Vengeance yit ftrickin all that
•war crim'inall of thair Bloode. Bot the Day approchis quhen that the Punifch-
ment of that Crueltie, and utheris, will evidentlie appeir. The Names of
the Men that war hangit, was, James Hunter, Williame Lambe, JVilliame An-
derfoun, James Kannalt Burgefs of St. Johnftoun. At that Tyme were bani-
(chit Sir Henrie Elder, Johne Elder, Walter Piper, Laurance Pullar, with divers
utheris, quhais Names come not to our Rnawlege. That fworne Enemie of
Chrifl Tefus, and unto all in quhome ony Spunk of Rnawlege appeirit, had
about that fame Tyme in Prifbun divers j amongis quhome was Johnne Roger,
a Black Freir, godlie, leirnit, and ane that fruitfullie preichit Chrifl Jefus,
to the Comfort of mony in Angus and Mearnisj quhome that bloodie Man had
caufit
^4
L I B. L f^f Religiom in Scotland. 4 1
cauTit murther in the Ground of the Sey Tour of St. /ndrcis, and than cauf
ed to caft him over the Craige, fparfing a fals Eruir, Thar the faid Johnie-^
feiking to flie, had brokin his awin Craige. This oeifcd not Sarhan be all
Meinis to mantein his Kingdome of Darknes, and to fuppres the Lycht of
Chril^is Evangell. Bot potent is he aganis quhome they faucht ; for quhan
the Wickit war in grirteft Securitie, than begane God to (ihaw his Anger.
For the thrid Day of May^ in the Yeir of God i ;44 Yeirs, without Knaw-
ledge of any Man in Scotland^ we mein of fick as fbuld have had the Cair
of the Realme, was fein a grit Navie of Schipis arryving towardis the Firthe.
The Poiftis come to the Governour and Cardinall, quha bayth war in EJin-
lurgte, quhat Multitude of Schippis war fein, and quhat Cours they fuik.
This was upoun the Saiturday Befoir.none. Queftioun was had, Quhat fculd
they mein? Sum laid. It is na doute bot thay are hgUfche Men, and we
feir that thay (all land. The Cardinall fkrippit, and (aid. It is bot the
Yfland flote, they ar come to mak us a Schow, and to put us in feir. I (all
ludge the mein of "Weir in my Eye, that (all land in Scotland. Still futis the
Cardinall at his Denner, (chawing as that thair had bein no Danger appeir-
ing. Men convein to gafe upoun the Schippis, (bme to the Caftelhill^ (bme
t" Craigis, and uther Plaices eminent. Bot thair was no Queflioun with
quhat Force (al we refill, gifthat we be'invaidit. Some efter (ex Houris at
Nycht, war arryvit, and had caftin Anker in the Raid of Leythe, ma than
tvva Hundrethe Saillis. Schoirrlie thairetrer, the Admirall (chote a flote Bote
quhilk fra Grantoun Craigis, till by Eift Leythe^ (bundit the Deip, and (a re-
turnit to hir Schip. Heirofwer divers Opinionnis ; Men of Jugement foir-
faw quhat it meint, bot naCredite was gevin to ony that wald (ay they niynd
to land, and fa paft all Men to his Reft, as if thay Schippis had bein a Gaird
for thair Defence. Upoun the Point of Day, upoun Sounday the (ourt Day of
May^ addrelTit thay for landing, and ordourit then thair Schippis, (b that a
Galay or twa layd thair Snoutis to the Craigis : The fmall Schipis, callit
Pynachis, and heiche Horfmen, aprochit as neir as thay could. The grit
Schipis difchairgit thair Souldeouris in the fmaller VelTellis, and than by Bot-
tis (et upoun dry Land befoir ten Hours, Ten thoufand Men, as war judgir
and mo. The Governour and Cardinall feeing than the Thing thay could
not, or at leaft wald not belive afoir, efter that thay had maid a Brage to
fecht, fled as faft as Horfe wald carie thame ; (a that efter, thay approchit
not within Twentie Mylls of the Danger. The Erie of Angus, and Sir George
Douglas war that Nycht fred of Waird, (they War in Blacknes) the (aid Sir
George in Merrines, faid, / thank King Harie and my gentill Maifters of Ing-
land.
The/»5///f^f Armie betwix twelf and aneHour enterit inZf^z/j-jfand theTabillis
couverit, and theDennaris preparit, fick abundance ofWyne and Vifluellis, by-
fydis the uther Subftaunce, that the lyikRyches within the lyik Boundis war not
to be found, nouther in Scotland nor Ingland. Upoun the Moncnday the fyift of
May come to thame frome Beruick znd the Border, twa thoufand Horsmen, quha
being fumquhat repoifit, the Armie upoun Wednefday marchit tcwardis the
tToun of Edinhirgh., fpyllit and brunt the fame, and (a did thay the Palice of
Halyrudhous, the Horsmen tuik the Hous of Craigmillar, and gat grit Spuillie
thairin ; for it being the (lrangc(i Hous neir the Toun, uther than the Caftell
of Edinburgh, all Men (bucht to lave thair Moveabillis thairin, bot the Stout-
nes of the Laird gave it over without Schote of Hagbute, and for his Re-
L waird
4.2 The Hijiorie of the Reformat iomi Lib. I.
waird was caufit to marche upon his Feit to Londoiw. He is now Captane
of Dunbar., and Proveift of Edinburghe. The hglifchemen (eing na Refiftance,
hurlit be Force of Men Canonis up the Calfay to the Butter-trone, and above,
and hafardit a Schote at the fore Entrie of the Caftell ; but that was to
thair awin Faynis; for they lying without Trenche or Gabioun, war exponit
to the Force of the haill Ordinance of the (aid Caftell, quhilk fchot^ and that
not all in vaine, for the Quheill and Extrie of ane of the Inglis Canonis war
brokin, and funi of thair Men flayne, and fa thay left with fmall Honour
that Interpryis, takin rather of Rafchenes than of ony advyifit Counfaill.
Quhen the maifl Pairt of the Day they had (ptilyeit and brunt, towardis the
Nycht thay returnit to Leyth^ and upoun the Morne returnit to Edinhmgkey
and executit the reft of God's Jugmentis for that Tyme ; and fa quhen they
had confumed bayth the Tounis, thay laidit the Schipis with the Spulye
theirof, and thay be Land returnit to Ber-wik^ ufand the Cuntrey tor the maift
Parte at thair awin Plefur. This was an Pairt of the Punifchment quhilk God
tuik upon the Realme for Infedelitie of the Governour, and for the Violati-
oun of his folempnit Ayth, But this was not the End ; for the Realme was
devydit into twa Factiounis, the ane favourit France., and the uther the League
laitlie contraftit with Ingland^ the ane did in na Thingis throughlie credite
the uther ; .fa that the Cuntrey was in extrem Calamitie: For to the Ingl'tf
men war deliverit certain Strenthis, fick as Carla-ooverok, Lochmaben, and
Longhame. The maift Parte of the Bordereris war confederat with Ingland.
And albeit at firft, at Ancriim-muir in February in the Yeir of God 1 544, was Sir
Kaj] Ewars, with mony uther Englifhmen flayne, and the Yeir efter war flim of
the faids Strenthis recoverit j yit was it not without grit LofTe and Detriment
of the Common-welthe : For in theMonethe ofjumi^in theYeir of God i;'4J,
Monfteur de Lourg^ with Bandis of Men of War, come from France for a fur-
ther Diftruftioun to Scotland j for upoun thair Brag was ane Armie raifit. For-
wardis go thay towardis PVark, evin in the mids of the Harveft : The Car-
dinallis Baner was that Day difplayit, and all his Fiallis war chargit td be
under it. Mony befbir had promeifit, bot at the Point it was left fa bair,
that with Schame it was fchotte up in the Pocke agane, and they efter a
Schaw returnit with mair Schame to the Realme, nor Skayth to the Enemies.
The blak Bulk of Haum'dtoun makis Mentioun of grit Vaffalage done at
that Tyme be the Governour, and the Frenche Captane; but fick as with thair
Eyne faw the haill Progrefs, knew that to be a Lie, and does repute it
among the veniall Sinnes of that Race, quhilk is to fpeik the beji of thamefelfis
thay can.
That Winter following fa nurturit the Frenche Men, that they leirnit to
eit, yea, to beg caikis, quhilk at their Entry they fcornit. Without jefting,
thay war Co miferablie intreatit, that Few returnit to France agane with thair
Lyves. The Cardinall than had almaift fortifeit the Caftell of St. Androis,
quhilk he maid fa ftrong in his Opinioun, that he regardit nouther Ingland
nor France. The Earle of Lennoxe, as faid is, difapointed of all Things ia
Scotland, paft to Ingland, quhair he was reflavit of King Harie in Protefti-
oun, quha ^zwe him to Wyif Ladie Margaret Douglas, of quhome was borne
Harie, umquhille Husband to our Jefabell and Maiftrefs.
Quhill the inconftant Governour was fumtyme dijedlef, and fumtyme rayfit
up agane be the Abbot of Paiflay, quha befoir was callit chaifter nor ony
Maiden, begane to fchaw himfelf : For efter he had tane be Craft the Caftell
of
IB. I. of Rcligiounin Scotland.
43
of Edtnhtrgh and Dtinhv; he alfo ruk PoflefTioun of his Enemies Wyf, the
Ladye Stemious. ThtWoman is and hes bein famous, and is callitLady'C/^-
toini ; hir Ladi/chip was haldin alwayis in Propertie. But how many Wyitis
and Virginis hes he had fen, that in comoun the "Warld knawis, albeit not
all, and his Baftard Byrdis beirs fum Witnes. Sick is the Exem'pilJ of Ho-
lines that the Flock may receave of thai Papifticall Bifchopis.
In the middis of all the Calamities that came upoun this Realme efter
the Defeftioun of the Govemour from Chrift Jeftjs, come in Scotland that
bliflit Martyre of God, Maifter George Wifchard, in Cumpanie of the Comifli.
ouneri^ befoir mentionet, in the Yeir of God i ^44 ■ a Man of fick Graices
as before him war nevir hard in this Realme, yea, and rare to be found yic
in ony Man, notwithftanding this grit Lycht of God that fince his Days hes
fchynit unto us. He was not onlie fingularelie leirnit, as well in godly Knaw-
lege, as in all humane Science, but alfo he was fo cleirlie illuminated with
the Spreit of the Prophecie, that he faw not onelie Thingis perteining to
hinifelf, but alfo fick Thingis as fum Tounis, and the haill Realme efter-
wards fand, quhilk he foirfpak, not in Secreir, but in Audience of mony
as in thair awin Plaices fal be declairit. The Beginning of his Doctrine was
into Muntrois^ thairfra he departed to Dimdie, quhair, with grit Admiratioun
of all that hard him, he tacht the Epiftle to the Rof?nih?es, till that be Pro-
curment of the Cardinall, Rchert Mill than ane of the principall Men In Din."
die, and ane Man quhilk of auld had profeiTit Knawlege, and for the fame
had fuiferit Troubill, gave, in the Quein and Governour's Name, Inhibitioun
to the faid George, that he fould trubill thair Town na mair; for thay wald
not fuffer it. And this was faid to him, being in the publift Plaice, quhilk
hard, he muifit a littill Space, with his Eyne bent unto Hevin, and thairef^
ter luikit forrowfuUie to the Speiker, and to the Pepili • he faid God is PVit-
nefs that I nevir tnyndit jour Trubill, but your Comfort, yea your Trubill is ntair
dolour us unto me than it is unto yourfelfis : But I am affurit, that to refuis
Godis Worde, and to chaifs fra you his MeJJinger, fall nock preferve jou fra
Trubill, but it fall bring you into it ; for God fall fend unto you Mefjingeris quha
•will not be ajfrayit of Horning, nor yit for Bamfchment. I have offered unto
you the Worde of Salvation, and -juith the Hazard of my Lyif I have remainit
among you. Now ye your felfis refuis me, and thairfoir man I leive my Innocence
to he declairit be my God ; gif it lang profperis •with you, I am not led -withe
the Speirit of Treuthe ; but and T'rubill unhnkit for apprehend you, acknawlege
the Cans, and turn to God, for he is mercifull ; hut gif ye turn not at the fir ft
he 'will vifite you -with Fire and Svjcrde. This Wordis pronuncir, he cam
doun frome the preiching Place. In the Kirk prefent was the Lord Merchell
and divers nobill Men, quha wald have had the faid Mr. George to have
remainit, or ell is to have gane with thame in theCuntry, bot fornoRequeifl
wald he outher tarie in the Toun, or one that Syid of T'ay ony langer, bot
with poffibill Expeditioun paft to the Weft Land, quhair he begane to offer
Godis Worde, quhilk was of mony glaidlie receavit, till that the Bifchope
of Glafgow, Dunbar, be Jnftigatioun of the Cardinall, come with his Gad-
deringis to the Town n^ Ah; to make Refiftance to the faid Mr. George, and
did firfl occupie the Kirk ; the Erie of Glencairne being thairof adverteifir
repairit widi his Freindis to the Toun with Diligence, and fa did divers
Gentilmen of Kyill, (among quhome was the Laird of Locnoreis, a Man far
different fra him that now levit anno 1566, in Maners and Religioun) of
L 2 quhom*
4-4 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. L
quhome to this Day yit monyleive, and have declairit thamefelfis alwayis
zealous and bald in the Caus of God, as efter will be harde. Quhen alt
war affemblit, Conclufion was tane, that thay have the Kirk ; quhairto the
laid Mr. George utterlie repugnit, faying, Lat Mm alanej his Sermon will not
meikill hurt ; lat us go to the MercateCrofs. And ib thay did, quhair he maid
Co notable a Sermone, that the verrie Enemies thamefelfis war confoundif.
The Bifchope preichit to his Jackmen, and to fum auld Boifles of the Toun j
the Soum 6f all his Sermone was, They fey we fould preiche, quhy not ? Bet-
ter lait thryve, nor nevir ihryve: Had us Jiill for your Bifchope, and we fait
provyde letter the nixt l^yme. This was the Beginning and End of the Bi-
fchopis Sermone, quha with Haift depairtit the Toun, bot returnit not to
fulfill his Promeis. The fiiid Mr. George remainit with the Gentilmen in
Kyll, till that he gat fure Knawlege of the Eftait of Dundie. He preichit
comounlie at the Kirk of Gafioun, and ufit muche in the Bar. He was
requirit to cum to the Kirk of Mauchlene, as that he did ; but the
Sheref of Air caufit man the Kirk, for the Prefervatioun of a Tabernacle
that was verie beutiful to the Eye. The Perfonis that held the Kirk war
George Caniphell oi Mingarfwode, that yet levit anno 1^66^ Mungo Campbell of
Brounfyid^ George Reid in Dawdilling^ the Laird of Tempilland. Sum 2,ea-
lous of the Parochin, amongis quhome was Hew Campbell of Kingyean'-
cleuche^ offendit thay (buld be debarrit thair Paroche Kirk, concludit be
Force to enter. Bot the faid Mr. George withdrew the (aid //fw, and faid
unfo him, Brother^ Chrtft Jefus is als potent upoun the Feitdis as in thi Kirk ;
and I finde that himfelf offer preichit in the Defert, at the Seyfyid^ and uther
Places jugit prophane, than that he did in the Temple o/Jeru(alem. It is theWorde
of Peice^ quhilk God fendis he me : The Bluid of no Man fall be fched this Day
for the Preiching of it. And (a withdrawing the haill Pepill, he came to a
Dyik in a Muir edge, upoun the Southweft Syid of Mauchlein^ upoun the
quhilk he afcendit : The haill Multitude ftude and fat about him, God
gave the Day plefante and hette, he continewit in preiching mair nor thre
Hours : In that Sermond God wrocht fb wonderfullie with him, that ane of
the maifl: wickit Men that was in that Cuntrey, namit Laurence Rankeit
Laird of Scheill, was convertit. The Teiris rane fra his Eyne in fick Aboun-
dance, that all Men wonderit ; his Converfioun was without Hypocrifie, for
his Lyif and Converfatioun witncffit it in all Tymes to cum. Quhill this
faythfuU Servant of God was this occupyit in Kyill, Word rais, that the Plague
of Peftilence rais in Dundie, quhilk began four Dayis efter the faid Mr. George
was inhibit Preiching, and was fa vehement, that it pafTit almaifl Credibilitie,
to heir quhat Number departit everie four and twentie Hours. The Certaintie
underflaud, the faid Mr. George tuk his Leive of Kyill, and that with the Re-
grait of mony. But no Requeifte could mak him to rernane; his Reafbne
was. They war now in Trubill, and they neid Comfort: Perchance this Hand of
God will mak thame now to magnifie and reverence that Word, quhilk befoir, for
the feir of Men, they fett at lycht Parte. Cuming unto Dundie, the Joy of
the faythfull was exceiding greit. He delayit no Tyme, bot evin upoun the
Morne gave Significatioun that he wald Preiche, And becaus the maifl Parte
war outher feik, or ellis war in Cumpanie with thame that war feik, he choifit
the Head of the Eift Forte of the Toun for his Preiching Place, and fa the haill
jftude or fatt within, the fei-k and fufpe6tit without the Porte. The Text upoufi
the quhilk his firft Sermone was maid, he tuik fra the Hundrethe and fevih
Ffalme ;
Lib. I. of Rcligioioi in Scotland. 4^
Pfalme ; the Sentence thairof. He fend hh JVorde and healed thame ; and thair-
with joynit thir Wordis, It's mutter Herte nor FLiiJier, 0 Lordy hot thy IVnrde
haillis ail. In the quhilk Sermone he maift comfbrtablic did intreat the Dig-
nitie and Utilitie of God's Word, the Piinilchment that cumis for the Con-
tempt of the fame"; the Promptitude of God's Mercy to fick as trewlic turne
unto him ; yea, the grit Happinis of thame quhome God takis frnme this
Miferie, evin in his awin gentill Vifitatioun, quhilk the Malice of Men can
n uthcr eik nor pair. Be the quhilk Sermone he rayfit up the Hairtis of all
that hard him, that ihay regairdit not Deyth, bot jugit thame mair happie
that fbuld departe, than fick as (buld remane behind. Confiddering that thay
knew not gif thay fould have fick a Comforter with thame at all Timis. He
fpairit not to vifitte thame that laye in the verie Extremitie. He comfortic
th.ime as that he mycht in fick a Multitude ; he caufit minifter all Thingis
neceflarie to thame that micht u(e Meit and Drink, and in that Point was the
Toun wondrous beneficial!, for the Puir was na mair negleftir than was the
Riche. Quhill he was f^^ending his Lyif to comfort the afflifted, the Devill
ceifit not to fteir up his awin Sone the Cardinal! again, quha corruptit, Be
Money, a difperat Prcift, namit Sir Johnie IVicktoun, to (lay the (aid Mr.George
quha luikit not in all Thingis (a circumfpecllie as warldlie Men wald have
wi(chit. And upoun a Day the Sermone endit, and the Pepill departing no
Man fufpe(5ling Danger, and thairfore not heiding the laid Mr. George the
Preift that was corruptit ftude waitting at the Put of the Stepes, his Gown
lous, and his Quhinger drawin into his Hand under his Gowne, the faid Mr
George^ as that he was maift (chairp of Eye and Jugement, markit him and
as he come neir, he (aid, My Friend qithat "wald ye do? And thairwith he
clappit his Hand upoun the Preiftis Hand, quhairin the Quhinger was, quhich
he tuk fra him. The Preifte abaifiit fell doun at his Feit, and opinlie con-
feflit the Veritie as it was. The Noyis ryifing, and cuming to the Eires of
the Seik, thay cryit. Deliver the Tratoitr to us, or ellis mce issill tak him be
Force ; and fa thay thrift in at the Yet : Bot Mr. George tuk him in his
Armes, and faid, ^ihojoevir trublis him fall truth me, for he has hurt me in no-
thing, hot he hes done grit Comforte hayth to yow and me, to wit, he hes lattin
us to underjiand, quhat --jue may feir, in Times to cum isoe '■jjill iicatche better : And
{a he appeafit bayth the ae Pairt and the uther,and favit the Lyif of him that
(bcht his.
Quhan the Plague was fa ceifit, that almaift thair was nane feick, he tuk
his Leive of thame, and (aid. That God had almaift put Bid to that Battel- he
fand himfelf callit to ane uther; The Gentilmen of the fVeft had writtin unto
him, That he foulde meit thame at Edinburghe; for they waJd require Difputa-
tioun of the Bifchopis, and that he fotild be publilllie hard : Quhairto he wil-
linglie agreit. Bot firft he palfit to Montrois, to falute the Kirk thair, quhair
he remairi occupyit fum Tymes in preiching, bot maift Pairt in fecreit Me-
ditatioun, in the quhilk he was fa ernift, that Nycht and Day he wald conti-
new in it. Quhill he was (a occupyit with his God, the Cardinall drew a fe-
creit Diaucht fir his Slauchter; he caufit wryt untb him ane Letter, as it had
bein frnme his maift familiar Freind the Laird of Kinnyre, Lefyrirg him -with
all poffhill Diligence to cum unto him, for he uas ftnicken "with a fuddane Seiknes.
In the mein Tyme, had the Tratour provydii threfcoir Men, with Jackis and
Speiris, to ly in Wait within a Mylle and a Half to the Tovn of Montrois
for his Difpatche. The Letter cuming to his Hand, he maid Haift at the
M fir
^o The Hijlorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. I.
firft for the Boy had brocht a Hors; and (a with Cum honeft Men he paffit
furth of the Toun, Bot fuddenelie he ftayit, and raufing a Space, returnit
back • quhairat thay wondering, he faid, / will not go^ I am forhidd'm of God;
I am affurit than is Treajon. Let [urn of you^ (aid he, go to yom Plaice^ and
tell me quhcit thay find. Diligence maid, thay fand the Treafon as it was ;
quhilk being (chawin, with Expedition to Mr. George, he anfwerit, / know that
I fall end my Lyife in that bluid-thriftie Manis Handis ; hot it will not be of this
Maner. The Tyme approching that he had apointit to meit the Gentilmen at
Edinburghe, he tUk his Lejf at Montrois, and (air againis the Jugement of the
Laird of Dunne he enterit on his Jorney, and fa returnit to Diindie. Bot
remainit not, bot paffit to the Hous of a faythefull Brother, namit James Wat-
fmn^ quha dwelt in Innergowrie, diftant from the faid Toun two Myillis ; and
tKat Nycht, as Informatioun was gevin us by WilUame Spadone and Johie
Watfoun, bayth Men of gude Credite, befoir Day he paffit fijrthe into a Yaird ;
the (aid ^/7//a?«^ and 7^^^"^ followit privilie,and tukHeid quhathedid. Quhen
he had gane upe and down into ane Alley a reffonabill Space, with money
Siches and deipGrones,he plat doun upoun his Kneis,and fitting thairon hisGrones
encreffit and frome his Kneis he fell upoun his Faice ; and than the Perfbnis
foirnamit, hard Weiping, and as it war ane indigeft Sound, as it war of Pray-
aris in the quhilk he continewit neir ane Hour, and efter begane to be quyet,
and (a rais and come to his Bed. Thay that awaittit, preventit him, as thay
had bein ignorant, till that he came in ; and then begane they to demand quhair
he had bein ? Bot that Nycht he wald anfwer nathing. Upoun the Morne
they urgit him agane j and quhill that he diffimulit, they (aid, Mr. George,
le playne with «/, for we hard your Grones ; yea., we hard your Mourning., and
faw you bayth upoun your Kneisy and upoun your Faice. With dejeftit Vilage, he
(aid / had rather ye had bein in your Beds^ and it had bein mair profitable for
you- for I was fkarce weill occupy it. Quhen they inftentlie urgit him to lat
thame knw (iim Comfbrte ; He (aid, / will tell you that I ame affurit , that my
Travel is neir ane End ; and thairfoir call to God with me, that now I Ihreink
not, quhen the Battell waxis maift het. And quhill that thay weipit, and (aid,
'I'hat was fmall Comfort e unto thame. He anfwerit, God fall fende you Comfort,
efter me. 'T'his Kealme fall be illuminated with the Lycht of Chriftis Evangell, als
eleirlie as evir was any Realme, fen the Dayis of the Apojtles , the Hous of God
fal he buildit into it, yea it fall not want ( quhatfoevir the Eiiemie imagine: in
the contrair ) the verie Keape-Stane, mening, that it (buld be broucht to fvill
Perfeftioun. Mouther, (aid he, fall this be lang to ; thair fall not mony
fuffer efter me, till that the Glorie of God fall evidentUe appeir, and fall
anis trimphe in Defpyte of Sathan. But allace ! gif the Pepill fall he
J: efter unthankfull, thane feirfull and terribill jail the Plagues he that efter fall foU^
. Jow. And with thir Wordis he marchit fordwardis in his Jorney towardis Sq
Johneftoun ; and (b to Fyfe, and than to Leyth, quhair arryvit, and heiring^
na AA/'ord of thame that apointit to meit him, to wit, the Erie of Caftllisy
and the Gentilmen of Kyill and Cunynghame, keipit himlelf (ecreit a Day or
tway. Bot beginning to waxe (brrowfull in Spreit, and being demandit of
the Caus, of fick as was not in his Companie befoir, he (aid, ^ihat differ I
from a deid Man, except that I eit and drink ? To this Tyme God hes uftt my La'
lours to the Inftru^ionn of utheris, and to the difcloifing of Darbies ; and now I
lurk, as a Man that war efchaimit, and durft not fchaw himfelf befoir Men. Be
they and lyik Wordis, thay that hard him under(tude that his Defire was to
preichej
IB
1. of Rcilgionnin i)COtland. 5:1
preiche ; and tlinirfoir faid, Miiifi comfortable it war for us to heir you^ hot becain
■we hum the Danger^ qiiLiinn ye Jtaii^^ we dar not dejyre you. Bot dar ye and
Jit her is heir, faid he, and than let wy Coa provy'de for we, as heft pleifis him. Fy-
nallie, it was concludit, That the nixt Sonday he fould preiche in Leytb as
that he did, and tuk the Text, The Farahill of the Sawer that went out to fava
Serd Matrh. xiii. and this the fyftein Day bcfoir riii/l. The Sernione endit
the Gentilmen ot Lanthiane, qiiha than war eirnelt Profellouris of Chriit
Jt lis, thocht not expedient that he fould abyd in Leyth, bccaus that the Go-
vernour and Cardinall war fchortlie to cum to Edinkirghe ; and thairfoir thay
tuik him with thame, and kcipit him (limtymis in Brounftoun, fumtymis in
Langnithrie, and fumtymis in Orniijhim; for they thre diligentlie way tit one
him. The Sunday following, he preichit in the Kirk of Ii/i/ereji befydis M/,f
filburgke, bayth befoir and at Eftemone, quhair thair was a grit Confluence of
Pepill, amongis quhome was Sir George Douglas, quiio, efter the Sermone, (aid
publicklie, / knaw that my Lord Go-jernour, and my Lord Cardinall fall heir that
Ihave bein at this Preichwg ( for thay war than in Edinburghe. ) Say unto thame
that I will avow it, and will not onelie mantein the DoHrin that I have hard but
alfo the Perfone of the Teichar to the iittermoift of my Power. Quhilk Wordis
gritlie rejoyflit the Pepill and Gentilmen than prefent.
Ane Thing notable in that Sermone we can not paft by; amongis utheris
come thair tway Gray Freiris, and ftanding in the Entrie of the Kirk dure
they maid fum quhifpering to fick as come in, quhilk perceived, the Preiche-
our faid to the Pepill that ftud neir thame, / hairtilie pray you to niakRonm to
they twa Men, it may be that thay be come to leirne ; and unto thame he faid
Cum neir, (for they ftud in the verrie Entrie of the Dure) for I affure yon
ye fall heir the JVord of Veriiie, quhilk fall out her fill unto you this fame Day
your Sahaticun or Condemnatioun \ and fa proceidit he in Doftrine, luppoifing
that they wald have bein quiet: But quhen he perceavit thame ftill to truble
the People that ftud neir thame, (for vehement was he againfi the fals wor-
fchiping of God) he tournit unto thame the fecond Tyme, and, with ane
awful Countenance, faid, 0 Serjeantis of Sathan, and Deceivers of the Saullis
cf Men, will ye nouther heir Godis Treuthe, nor lujfer utheris to heir it ? JDe-
parte, and tak this for your Portioun, God fall fchortlie confound and difclois
your Hypocrifie within this Realme ; ye fall be abominabill unto Men, and your
Places and Hahitatiounis fall be defolate. This Sentence he pronuncit with
grit Vehemencie in the middis of the Sermone. And turning to the Pepii/
he faid, Tone wickit Men have provoikit the Spreit of God to Anger ; and Co he
retumit to his Matter, and proceidit to the End. That Dayis Travell endir
he come to Langnudrie, and the twa nixt Sondayis preichit in Tranent with
the lik Grace, and lik Confluence of Pepill. In all his Sermonis, efter his
Departure from Angus, he foirfpak the Shortnefs of the Tyme that he had
to travell, and of his Deyth, the Day whereof^ he faid, aprochit neirer thart
ony wald beleve.
In the hinder End of thai Dayis that ar callif the Haliedayis of Tuill, pafl
he (by the Confent of the Gentilmen^ to hadingtoun, quhair it was fun.
pofit the gritcf^ Confluence of Pepill fhould be, bayth be Refoun of the
Town and of the Cunrry adjacent. The firft Day Befornone the Audience
war reflbnabill, and yit nothing in Ccmparifbun of that quhilk ifit to be in
th?t Rirke: But the Eftemone, and the nixt Day following Befoirnone, the
Auditours were (b fclender that mony wcnderit. The Caus was jugit to have
M 2 bein
^2 ^Tbe Hijlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
bein that the Erie Bothell (quha in thay Boundis ufit to have grit Credite
and Obedience) byProcurment of the Cardinall, had given Inhibitioun, afweill
to the Toun as to the Cuntrey, that thay (buld not heir him nnder the Pane
of his Difplefour. The firft Nycht he lay within the Toun with David Fo-
refs, now callit General!, ane Man that lang hes profeffit the Treuth, and upoun
quhome mony in that Tyme dependit. The fecound Nycht he lay in Lethlng-
toun, the Laird quhairof was evir civill, albeit not perfwadit in Religioun.
The Day following befoir the laid Mr. George paft to the Sermone, thair
come to him ane Boy with ane Letter from the Weft Land, quhilk received
and red, he callit for Johnne Knox, quha had awaitit upoun him cairfuUie
frome the Tyme he came to Lawthiane ; with quhome he begane to enter
in Purpois, That he wearyit of the Warld. The Caus of his Complaint was,
the Gentilmen of the Wert had writtin unto him, that they could not keip
Dyette at Edinburghe. The faid Johne Knox wonderit that he delyrit to keip
ony Purpois befor Sermone, for that was nevir his accuftomeit Ule befoir, faid.
Sir, the Tyme of Sermone aproch'ts, I will leive you for the prefent to your Medi-
tatioun, and (a tuk he the Bill conteining the Purpois foirfaid, and left him.
The laid Mr. George fpacit upe and down behind the hie Alter mair than half
an Hour, his verie Countenance and Vifage dedarit the Grief and Alterati-
oun of his Mind. At laft he paffit to the Pulpette, but the Auditour was
fmall. He (buld have begune to have enterit the fecound Tabill of the Law,
bot thairof in that Sermone he (pak verie little. He begune one this Ma-
ner ; 0 Lord, how lang fall it be, that thy halie Word fall he defpyifit, and
Men fall not regaird thair awin Sahatioun ? I have hard of thee, Hadingtoun,
that in the wald have bein at ane vane Clerk Play twa or thre thou [and Pepilly
and now to heir the Mejftnger of the Eternell God, of all the Toun or Parifche
eannot he numberit ane hundreth Perfonis : Sair and feirful fall the Plagues be
that fall en few this thy Contempt, with Fire and Sword fall thou be plaguit,
yea, thou Hadingtoun in fpeciall, Strangeris fall pojffefs thee, and ye the prefent
Inhabitants fall outher in Bondage ferve the Enemies, or ellis ye fall be chaiffit
fra your Hahitatiouns ; and that hecaufe ye have not knawin, nor will not hiaw
the Time of Godis tnercyfull Vifitatioun. In fick Vehemency and Threatning
continewic that Servant of God neir an Hour and ane half, in the quhilk he
declarit all the Plagues that enlewit, as planelie as efter our Eyne law thame
perfbrmit. In the End he faid, / have foryet myfelf, and the Matter that I
fould have intreitit of; but lat thir my laft IVordis, as concerning publiff Preich-
ing, remane in your Myndis, till that God fend you now Comfort. Thairefter he
made a (chort Paraphrafe upon the fecound Tabill, with an Exhortatioun to
Patience, to the Feir of God, and to the Warkis of Mercie : And fb put an
End, as it war, making his laft Teftament, as the Ifchew declarit, that the
Spreit of Treuthe and trew Jugement war bayth in his Hairt and Mouthe ;
for that fame Nycht was he apprehendit befoir Midnycht, in the Hous of
Ormiftoun, by the Earl of Bothell, maid for Money Boucheour to the Car-
dinall.
The Maner of his talking was this : Departing frome the Toun of Hading-
toun, he tuik his Gudnycht, as it war, for evir of all his Acquaintance, Spe-
cially from Hew Douglas of Langnudrie. Johnne Knox preafing to have gane
with the laid Mr. George, he faid. Nay, returne to your Bairnes, and God bits
you, ane is fufficient for a Sacrifice. And he caufed a twa handit Sword,
quhilk comonlie was caryit with the faid Mr. George, be tane fra the faid
Knox,
L 1 B. i. of Rclgioim in Scotland. 45
A'wx, quha ( albeit unwillinglie ) obeyit, and returnit with tiew Donglas of
Ldngniidrte \ Mairter Gfo/,5^, having to accumpanie him the Lsird of Ormijiornty
Johie Sandiehindy of CaUer younger, the Laird of Brouiijioun^ and utheris ^
vvith thajr Ser^■ands, part upoun thair Fute ( for it was a vehement Froft) to
Ormil'toun. Efter Supper he held a comfortabill Furpois of the Deith of Godis
chofin Children, and mirrclie faid, Me think that I dejyir ehneftlie to fleip ; and
thairwith he (aid, We'* II fmg ane F/almey and ia he apointit the fyiftie ane
Plalme, quhilk was put in Scottis Meitter, and began thus, Hwoe Mercie one me
vow guide Lord^ efter thy greit Mercy. Quhilk being endit, he part to Chalmer, and
foner nor his comoun Dyit was part to Bed, with thir Wordis, God grant quiet
Reji. Betoir Midnycht the Place was befet about, that nana could efcaip to
mak Adverteifment. The Erie Both'xell come and cryit for the Laird, and
declairit the Furpois, and (aid, // was hut vane to mak him to hald his Hous ; for
the Governoiir and the Cardinal!, with all thair Po-'juer, war cunwnd ; and indeid
the Cardinall was al Elphingftoun not a Myill dirtant fi'om Ormil'toun: But and
grf h ivald deliver the Man unto him, he wald promeis upoun his Honour, that
he foitld be faif, and that it foidd pas the Power of the Cardinal to do him any
Harme or Skayth. Allurir with thefe Wordis, and taking Counfaill with the
(aid Mr. George (quha at thefirft Word faid, Oppin the Tetth; the bliffit Will
cf ivy God he done ) they reilavit in the {aid Erie Both'jbell him(elf, with (um
Gentillmen with him, tO quhome Mr. George faid, / prais my God, that fit
honourabill a Man as ye, my Lord, receavis me this Nycht in the Prefens of thir
Aobill Men : For now I am affnirit, that for your Honouris Saik, ye will fuffer
J^'ofhing to be done unto me befyidis the Ordour of Law : I ame not ignorant that
their Law is Nothing bat Corrupt loun, and a Cbick to jched the Bluid of the San^s.
Bot yet I lefs feir to die opptnlie, than fecreitlie to be murtherit. The fiid Erie
Eothwell ar.(^^•erlt, / fall not onelie preferve your Bodie from all Violence, that fall
be purpofed againis you without Ordour of Law, bot alfo I promeis, heir in the
P, efence of thir Gentilmen, that nouther jail the Governour nor Cardinall have their
Will over you ; bot I fall retain you in my awin Handis, and in my awin
Plaice, till that outher I fall mak you frie, or ellis reltore you in the fame Plaice
quhair I reffcive you. The Lairds foirlaid (aid My Lord, gif ye will do as ye
have fpokin, and as we think your Lordfchip will do, than do we heir promeis unto
your Lordjchip, that not only we ourfelvis fall ferve you all the Dayis of our Lyif^
bot alfo we fall procure the haill Profejjouris within Lauthiane to do the fame.
And upoun outher the Perfwafion -j- of this our Brother, or upoun his Deltverie unto
our Handis agdne, we being reffonahlie adverteifit to reffave him, that we, in the
Name and Behalf of our Freindis, fall deliver to your Lordfchip, or ony fufficient
Man^ that fall deliver agane to us this Servand of God, our Band of Mamenty
in Maner foirfaid. And this Promeis maid in the Prefens of God, and Handis
ftraikit upoun bayth the Parties for Oblervatioun of the Promeis j the faid Mr.
George was deliverit to the Handis of the faid Erie Bothvcell, quha immediat-
lie departing with him, came to Elphingftoun quhair the Cardinal was, quha
knawing that Calder younger, and Brounftotin war with the Laird of Ormi-
ftoun, fend back with Expeditioun to apprehend thame ahb. The Noys of
Horfmen being hard, the Servantis gave Adverteifment, that ma than was
departit, or that was thair befoir was returnit : And quhill that thay difpuifj
quhat fould be the Motive the Cardinalls Garifoun had feafit bayth the out-
N Ward
t Stv. Prefervatiguo.
5o The Hiftorie oj the Reformatioun Lib. I.
ward and inward Cloift ; thay callit for the Laird, and for the Laird ofCal-
der quho prefenting thamefelfis, demandit quhat thair Commiflioun was.
To bring you twa, and the Laird of Brounftoun to my Lord Governoiir^ fay they.
They war nathing content, as thay had no Caus j yit thay maid fair Counte-
nance, and entreattit the Gentilmen to tak a Driiik^ and to hayt thair HorSy till
that thay micht put thamefelfis in Redmes to ryd -with thame. In this mein
Tyme, Brunftoun convoyit himfelf firft fecreitlie, and than be Speid of Fute to
Ormiftoun Wode, and from that to Drundallane^ and fb efchaipit that Danger.
The uther two war put in the Caflell of Edinburgh^ quhair the ane, to wit
CaUer younger, remainit quhill his Band of Manrent to the Cardinall was
the Meinis of his Deliverance ; and the uther, to wit Ormiftoun^ fred himfelf^
by leiping the Caflell Wall betwix ten Hours and ellevin befoir None j and
(b breaking Waird, he e(chaipit Prifoun, quhilk he injufllie fufferit.
The Servant of God Mr. George JVifcheart was caryit firft to Edinburgh^ thairefter
brocht back, for the Faffiounis Saik, to the Houfe of Haillis agane, quhilk
was the principall Plaice that thane the Erie of Bothwell had in Lauthiane. Bot
as Gold and Wemen have corruptit all wardlie and flefchelie Men frome the
Beginning, fb did thay him. For the Cardinall gave Gold and that lairgiie j
and the Quein, with quhome the faid Erie was than in the Glonders, promeifit
Favours in all his lawful! Suitis to Wemen, gif he wald deliver the faid Mr.
George to be keipit in the Caflell of Edinlmrghe. He maid fum Refiftance at
the firft, be RefToun of his Promeis : Bot ane effeminate Man cannot lang
withftand the Allaultis of a gracious Quein ; and fa was the Servant of God
tranfportit to Edinhurghe Caftell, quhair he remainit not manye Dayis ; for
that bloodie Wolfe the Cardinall, evir thrifting the Blude of the Servant of
God, fo travellit with the abuifit Governour, that he was content that God's
Servant fould be deliverit to the Power of that Tirrane. And fo fmall In-
verfloun being maid, Pylat obeyit the Petitioun of Cayaphasy and of his Fel-
lows, and adjugit Chrift to be crucifyit. The Servant of God deliverit to
the Hand of that proud and merciles Tiranne, Triumphe was maid be the
Preiftis. The Godlie lamentit, and accuifit the FulifcheHes of the Governour :
For be the retaininge of the faid Mr. George, he mycht have caufit Proteflants
and Papiftis f rather proud Romaniftis ) to have fervite ; the ane to the End
that the Lyif ofthairPreicheour mycht have bein favit; the uther for Feirthat
he fbuld have fet him at Libertie agane, to the Confufioun of the Bifchopis.
Bot quhair God is left ( as he had renuncit him plainlie befoir ) quhat can
Counfaill or Jugement availl ? How the Servant of God was entreitit, and
quhat he did frome the Day that he enterit within the Sea-tour of St, Androisy
quhilk was in the End of Januarie in the Yeir of God i J46; unto the firft of
Merche the fame Yeir, quhen he fufferit, we cannot tell, except we under-
ftand he wraitt fumquhat being in Prefbun ; bot that was fupprefTit be the E-
nemies. The Cardinall delayit na Tyme, bot caufit all Bifchopis, yea all the
Clergie that had ony Preeminence, to be convocatit to St. yindrois agane the
penult of Februfirie, that Confultatioun mycht be had in that Queflioun, quhilk
in his Mynd wes na les refblvit, than Chriftis;Deyth was in the Mynd of Cay a-
phas : Bot that the reft fould beir the lyik Burdein with him, he wald that
thay fould befoir the Warld fubfcryve quhatfbevir he did. In that Day wes
wrocht na lefs a Wonder, than was at the Accufatioun and Deyth of Chrift,
quhan that Pylate and Herode, quha befoir war Enemies war maid Freindis,
be confenting of thame bayth to Chriftis Condemnatioun, diflferis nathing, ex-
cept
L I B. I. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 5 1
cept that P\bte and Hero^e war Brethren, under thair Father the Dcvill, in the
Elbit callit temporall, and thir twa, of quhome we ar to c;an^ to fpeik wer
Brethren (Sonesto the lame Father the Devill J in the Eliait Ecclefiafticall.
Gif we interlace Merrines with erneft Matters, pardone us gudc Reidare, for
the Faft is fa notable that it defervis lang Memorie.
The Cardinall wes knawin proude ; and Dunbar Archbifchopc of GLif^ow
wcs knawin a glorius Fulle : And yit becaus fumtymes he was callic the
Kingis Maifter, he was Chancellour of .^fo/Z./W. The Cardinall cumis evea
the (ame Yeir, in the End of Harveft bcfoir to GLifgowe, upoun quhat Pur-
pois we omitt. Bot quhill they remainit togither, the ane in the Toun, the
urher in the Cartel 1 ; Queftioun ryifis for beiring of thair Crofs. The Cardi-
nall allegit, be Reflbun of his CardinalKchip, and that he was Legatiis trains
and Primate within Scotland, in the Kingdome of Antichrift, that he fbuld
have the Preeminence, and that his Crofe ibuld not oneiic go bef(jir,bot that ahb
it foud onelie be borne, quhairfbever he was. Gud Qtklton Glaikfton the foir-
faid Archibifchope lacked na Reflbnis, as he thochf, for Manteinance of his
Glorie. He -was ane Aichbilchope in his awin Diojie, and in his awm Cathedrall
Sail and Kirk-, and thair fore aucht to gif Place to no Man: The Po-jucr of the
Cardinall was bot beggit fra Rome, and aperteinit hot to hit awin Perfone, and
not to his Bifchoprick ; for it mycht be that his Succeffour foiild not be Cardinall-,
hot h's Dignitre was annexed with his Office, and aperteinit to all that evir foidd
he B'fchnpis of Gla(gow Howfoevir thir Doutis war reflblvit be the Doclouris
of Divinitie of bayth the Prelatis ; yet the Dccifioun was as ye fall heir. Cum-
ing fijrth or ganging in ( all is ane ) at the Queir Dure of Glafgow Kirk, be-
gane rtryving tor Stait betwix the twa Croce Beiraris ; /a that fra glouming rhay
come to fchouldring, from (chouldring they went to Buffetis,and fra dry Blawis
be Neiffis and Nevelling ; and than for Cherities faik, thay cryit, Difperfit
dedit patiperibas, and aflayit quhilk of the Croces war fynefl Mettell, quhilk Staf
was ftrongeft, and quhilk Bearar could belt defend his Maifteris Preeminence -
and that thair fbuld be na Superioritie in that behalf^ to the Ground gangis
bayth the Croces. And than begane na littill Fray ; bot yit a mirrie Game
for Rocketis war rent, Tippetis war tome, Crounnis war knypfit, and fyd
Gounis mycht have bein fein wantonelie wag fl'a the ae Wall to the uther :
Mony of thame lackit Beirds, and that was the mair Pietie ; and thairfbir
could not buckill uther be the Byrfs, as flim bauld Men wald have done. Bot
fy on the Jack -men, they did not thair Dewtiej for had the ane Parte of thame
rencounterir the uther, then had all gone rycht. Bot the Sandhiarie we fup-
pois favit the Lyves of mony. How mirrilie that evir this be writtin, if was
bitter Bourding to the Cardinall and his Court. It was more than Irregulari-
tie, yea, it mycht weil have bein judgit Leifmajeftie to the Sone of Perditioun,
the Faipes awin Perfbun ; and yit the uther in his Follie, als proud as ane
Peacock, wald lat the Cardinall knaw that he was ane Bifchope, quhen the
uther was but Beatoun, befoir he gat Mirbothe. This Inamitie was jugit mor-
tal!, and without all Hope of Reconciliatioun. But the Bluide of the inno-
cent Servand of God buryit in Oblivioun all that Braging and Boafl. For
the Archbifchope of Glafgow was the firft unto quhome the Cardinall wrair,
fignifying unto him quhat was done, and eimefHie craifiing of him, that he
wald afTift with his Prefens and Counfaiil, how that fuch ane Enemie unto
thair Eftait mycht be fupprefTit. And thairto was not the uther flaw, bot
keipit Tyme apointir, fat nixt to the Cardinal!, voitit and fubfcryvit firft in
N 2 the
52 The Hillorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
the Rank, and lay over the Eift Blockhous with the faid Cardinall, till the
Martyir of God was conlumit withFyir. For this we man note, That as all they
Beiltis confentit in Hairt to the Slauchter of that Innocent, (b did they approve
it with thair Prelens, having the haill Ordinance of the Caftell of St. Androis
bent towardis the Plaice of Executioun ( whiche was neir to the (aid Caftell )
reddie to have fchote, gif ony wald have maid Defence, or Refkew to Godis
Servand. The Maner of his Acculatioun, Frocefs and Anfweris following, as
we have receavit the fame from the Buik of the Martyris, whiche Word be
Word we have heir infertit, and that becaus the faid Buik, for the grit
Price thairof^ is rare to be had.
Upon the laft of Februare wes fend to the Prefbun, quhair the Servand
of God lay, the Dein of the Toun, be the Comandement of the Cardinall,
and his wickit Counfaill, and thair flimondit the faid Mr. George, that he
fbuld Upoun the Morn following appeir befoir the Juge, then and thair to gif ane
Account of his feditious and hereticall Doftrine. To quhome the (aid Mr,
George anfwerit, ^hat neidk^ (aid he, my Lord Cardinall to fumoiid me, to an-
fwer for my Doffrine oppiniie befoir him, under quhais Power and Dominioun I ame
thus ftraitlie bound in Tronis ? May not my Lord compell me to anfisoer to his
extorted Power ? Or, belevit he, that I am unprovydit to render ane Accompt of
my Doctrine ? To manifeft yourfelfis quhat Men ye ar, it is iioeill done, that ye
keip your auld Ceremonies and Confiitutioun maid he Men. Upoun the nixt
Morne, my Lord Cardinall caufit his Servantis to addres thamefelfis in thair
maift warrelyck Array, with Jack, Rnapftall, Splent, Speir and Axe, more
leiming to the Warre than for the Preiching of the trew Word of God. And
quhen thes armit Champiounis, marching in warlyck Ordour, had convoyit the
Bifchopjs into the Abbay Churche ; incontinentlie they fend for Mr. George^
who was convoyit unto the faid Churche, by the Captain of the Caftell, and
the Number of ane hundreth Men, addrefTit in Maner foirfaid, lyk a Lambe
led thay him to Sacrafice. As he enterit in the Abbey Churche Dure, thair
was a puir Man lying vexit with grit Infirmities, asking of his Almous, to
quhome he flang his Purs ; and quhan he came befoir the Cardinall, by and
by the Suppryour of the Abbey, callit Dein Johnne Windrame, flood upe in
the Pulpet, and maid an Sermone to all the Congrcgatioun thair than afTemblit,
taking his Matter out of the xiii. Chapter ot Matth. quhois Sermone Wes de-
vydit in four principall Parts. In the fird was a fchort and breif Declaratioun
of the Evangelift. The fecond of the Interpretatioun of the gude Seid ; and
becaus he callit the Worde of God the guid Seid, and Herefie the evill Seid,
he declaired quhat Herefie was, and how it (buld be known ; he defyned it
on this Maner, Herefie is ane fals Opinioun defendit with Pertinacitie, ckirlie re-
pugning to the Word of God. The third VzxlQ of his Sermon was the Caus of
Herefie within that Realme, and all uther Realmes. The Caus of Herefie,
quod he, is the Ignorance of thame whiche have the Cuiris of Mens Saullis,
to quhome it belangethe neceffarilie to have the trew Underftanding of the
Word of God, that thay may be abill to winne agane the fals Do6i:ouris of
Herefies, isohh the Sworde of the Spirit, whiche is the Word of God : And not
onelie to winne agane, but alfb to overcum, as fayis the Apoftle Paull, A
Bifchope moft be faultks, as it becumethe the Minifter of God, not ftulburne, not
angrie, no Drunkard, no Fechtar, not gevin to fielthie Lucre, iut harberous, one that
lovethe Gudms, fober myndit, rychteous, holie, tempnat, and fuche as cleavethe un-
to the true Worde of Doiirine^ that he may he abill to exhort with wholfum Learn-
Lib I. of Rcligwimm Scotland. 53
ing^ and to improve that -wbiche they fay agaitirt l/tm. The fotirtb Parte of hi?
Sermone was, how Herefie fould be knawin. " Hcrcfie, quorh he, may be
" knawin on this Maner, as the Gold-fmyth knowcthe the fyne Gold from the
" imperfyit, by theTuiche-ftanc j fo lyikwys may we knaw Herefie by the un-
" doutit Tuiche ftane, that is, the trew, fincer and undefylled Word of God "
At the laft he addit, "That Heretyckis (buld bcputdouninthis prefentLyif- " to
" the whiche Propofitioun the Go%\\ apeircthe to repugne, quhilk he entreitit
« of, Lat thaine hthe grow unto the HarvelK The Harveft is the End of the
" \Varld,nevirtheles he affirmit,that thay fould be put doun by the civil M-i^'.
« ftrat, and Law." And quhan he endit his Sermone, incontinent thay cau^fit
Mr. Ceorge to afcend in the Pulpit, thair to heir his Accufatioun and Artickies
for richt againft him rtude up one of the fed Fleck, a Monfter, 'Johnne Lauder
ladin full of Curfingis, Threatningis, Malediftiounis, and Wordis of devil-
ifche Spyit and Malice, faying to the innocent Mr. George, Co niony cruell and
abhominabill Words, and hitt him fa fpyitfullie with the Paipis Thunder that the
ignorant Pepill dreidit lealt the Earthe thane wald have fwallowit'him upe
quiA. Notwithflanding he ftud flill with grit Patience, heiring thair Sayineis
not once moving nor changing his Countenance. When that this fed Sow
had red throuche all his lying Meanacingis, his Face ryning doun with Sweit
and froithing at the Mouthe lyk a Bair, he fpaf at Mr. George's Face f^yin"-*
^ihat anpxeris thou to thes Sayings, tho-j) Reuuigate, Tratour and <theif, -j^huhe
ixe have de-die pro-jit hy fuffideut JVitnefs agams the. Mr. George heiring this
(at doun upoun his Kneis in the Pulpit, making his Prayeris unto God. Quhan
he had endit his Prayer, fweitlie and chrii^ianlie he anfwerit unto thame all in
this Maner.
Mr. Georgu O r a r i o u n.
'^■^"y and horribill Sayingis unto me a Chriftian Man, many Wordis ahhomi
*^* nahll for to heir, je have fpokin heir this Day, 'which not onI;e to teiche
hot alfo to thwk, I thouht It evir grit Abomwatwun. ^uhairfoir I pray your
Difcret towns quiethe to heir me, that ye may knaw quhat war my Say Lis
and the Maner of my Donrine. This my Petit loun, my Lordis, I defy re to be Lard
for thre Caufes. 7he firfl ;/, throw prenhing of the Word of Gcd, his Glorie is
maid manifeft ; it is refjonahiU thairfoir, for the advancing of the Glorie of God
^tV /'"' "" ^'''^^" ^"'^''"^ ^''' f"'' """^ ^"''"'' ^^"'^ °f God, without any
Biffimulatwun. The fecond Reffoun is, Becaus that your Helthe fprnms of the
Horde of God, for he workethe all Thmgis by his Word: It war thairfoir am
^"rycheous Thing, if ye fould ftopp your Ems frome me teiching tre-die the
fTord of God The thrid Reafone is, Becaus your Do^rine fpeikethe furth many
peltilentious, hlajphemous, and aN:ominabill Words, not cuming by the Infpira
Itoun of God, lot of the Levill, one no ks Perrill than my Lyif It is juftthair^
f on and rejjombill for your Difcretiounu to knaw quhat my Words andDoijrine
are, and quhat I have evtr taucht m my Tyme in this Realme, that I terifche not
^ripfthe,to the grit Per ell of your Saullis : ^uairfoir bayth for the Honour and
Uorie of God, your awin Helthe, and Saifgaird of my Lyif, I befeik your Bircre
tmms to heir me; and m the mem Tyme, I fall recite my DoHrine without ony
rir{\, and cheiflie. Sen theTyme that I came in this Realme, I taucht Nothing
lot the Ten Comandimentis of God, the Twelf Artickies of the Fayth, and the
54 The Hijlorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. I.
Prayer of the Lord in the Mother Toimg. Moreover in Dundie, / tamht the
Epifile of St. Paull to the Romanis ; and I fall fchaw your D'lfcretiomis fayth-
fiillie qithat Fa(foun and Maner I iifit, quhen I taucht without any humane Dreidy
fo that your Difcretiounis gif me your Earis, Benevolence and Attentioun. Sud-
danelie then, with a heich Voce, cryit the Accufar, the fed Sow, Thaw Here-
tyk Rennigate^ Tratour andTheif it was not hnifull for the to preiche, thow hes
iakin the Power at thyne awin Handy without any Authoritie from the Churche :
We foirthink that thow hes hein ane Preicheour fo lang. Then (aid the whole
Congregatioun of the Frelatis, with thair Complices, thes Wordis ; Gif we
five him Licence to preiche, he is fo craftie, and in holie Scriptures fo eserceifit^
that he will perfwaid the Pepill to his awin Oppiniouny and rais thame aganis us.
Maifter George feing thair malicious and wickit Intent, appellit to ane indif-
ferent and equall Juge. To quhome the Accufar Johne Laudar foirfaidis,
with hoggi(che Voce, anfwerit, // not my Lord Cardinally the fecond Perfoun
within this Realmey Chancellar of Scotland, Archhifchope of St. Androis, Bif-
chope of Meripois, Comendatour of Abirbrothe, legatus natus, legatus a latere ',
And (b recytting alfmony Titills of his unworthy Honours, as wald have
laiddin a Schip, muche loner ane Als ; is not hey quoth Johne Lauder y ane e-
quail Juge apereandlie to the ? ^home uther defyris thow to be thy Juge ? To
quhome this humane Man anfwerit, faying, / refuis not my Lord Cardinally hot
I defyre the Worde of God to he my Judge, and the temporall Eftaity with fum of
your Lord fchi pis myne Auditour; becaus I am heir my Lord Governours Prifoner.
Heirupoun the prydfull and fcornfull Pepill that ftud by, mocked him, faying,
Suche Many fuche Juge, fpeaking feditious and reprochefull Wordis againis the
Governour, and uthers the Nobillis, meining thame alfo to be Heretyikes.
And incontinent, without all Delay, they wald have gevin Sentence upoun Mr.
Georgey and that without farder Proces, had not certane Men thair, confaillit
my Lord Cardinall to reid agane the Artickles, and to heir his Anfwers thair-
upoun, that the Pepill mycht not complaine of his wrangfull Condemnatioun.
And fchortly for to declair, the(e war the Artickles following, with his An-
fwer, als far as they wald gif him Leif to fpeik : For quhen he intendit to
mitigat thair Lefingis, and Ichawe the Maner of his Doctrine, by and by
they ftoppit his Mouthe with ane uther Artickle.
The Firft Artickle.
Thott fals Heretyiky Remiigaty 'Tratour and I'heify Deceaver of the Pepilly de-
fpyis the holie Churche Sy and in lyik Caice contemnis my Lord Governours Autho-
rity. And this we knaw oj-' fuirtiey That quhen thow preicheft in Dundie, and war
charged be my Lord Governour is Authoritie to deftfty nevirtheles thow waldeli not
obeyy hot percevereft in the fame : And thairfoir the Bifchope of Brichen curfit
they and deliverit the into the Handis of the Devilly and gave the in Comandement ^
that thow fouldeft preiche no moir ; yit notwithftanding thow dide/i contineiia olftinatlie.
The Anfwer.
My Lordis I have red in the A^s of the Apoftlesy that it is not lawKill, for
the Threafningis and Meanacingis of Men, to defift from the Preiching of i
the Evangell ; Thairfoir it is writtin, We fall rather obey God nor Man. I
have alfo red the Propheit Malachigj I fall curs your Bleffingis, and hlefs your
CurfingiSf
i
Lib. I. of Re I igioun m Scotland. 55
Curfwgis, fayis the Lord : Beleving firmlie, that he wald turne your Curfingis
into BlilTingis.
The (ecound Artickle.
Tho^ju fah Heretyik did fay, T'ku a Pretji ftanding at the Alter fayutg Mefs^
■was lyik a Fox -wagging his Tadl in Julie.
5w Anfwer.
My Lordis, I faid not Co. Thefe war my Sayingis ; the moving of the Bo-
dy outward, without the inward moving of the HairY, is nocht ells, hot the
playing of ane Ape, and not the trew ferving of God j for God is a fecreit
Seirchar of Menis Hairtis: Thairfbir, quha will trewlie adorne and honour
God he muill in Spreit and Treuthe honour him. Then the Accufar ftoppit
his Mouthe with ane uther Artickle.
The third Artickle.
'fhow fats Heretyik preicheft againft the Sacraments^ fay'»gt 'fhat thair are
not jeven Sacramentis.
Tl^e Jjtfwer.
My Lordis, it is be your Plefburis, I taucht nevir of the Number of the Sa-
cramentis, quhither thay war fevin or ane elevin : So many as ar inftituttd
be Chrift, and ar fchawin to us be the Evangell, I profes openlie : Except
it be the "Worde of God, I dar affirmc Nothing.
The fourt Artickle.
Thaw fals Heretyik hes opinlie taucht, That auricular Confeffiou» is tmt a Hiffit
Sacrament j and thow fayis ixie foidd onlie confes us to God, and to no Preili.
The Anpvair,
My Lordis, I (ay, That auricular Confeflioun, (eing that it had no Promeis
of the Evangell, thairfoir it cannot be ane Sacrament. Of the Confeflioun to
be maid to God, thair are mony Teftimonies in the Scripture, as quhen DaiAd
(ayethe, / tJxcht that I -jcald ackncnzlege my Iniquitie againis myfelf unto the Lordy
and he forgave the Trefpas of my Sinis. Heir Confeflioun flgnifeith the fecreit
Knawlege of our Synis befoir God ; quhen I exhorted the Pepill one this Ma-,
ner, I repruifit no Maner of Confeflioun. And further, Sanft James fayethe
Knaixlege your Synis ane to another, and fo lat you have Peace amongis yourfelfis,
He:e the Apoftle meinis nothing of auricular ConfeflTioun, bot that we Iculd
acknowledg and ccnfes ourfelfis to be Syneris befoir our Brethren, and befoir
the Warld, and not to efteim ourfelfis as the Gray Freiris dois, thinking
tharr.eielvis alreddie purgit. Quhen that he had faid theis W'ordis, the hcrnit
Bifchopis and thair Complices cryit, and gyrnit with their Teithe, fayirg, Se
ye not quhat CuUouris /v had in his Speiche, that he mycht begyill uSj and f educe us
to his Opinioun.
O a Th»
5^ The Hi/lorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
The fyift Artickle.
Tho-w Heretyik d'ldefi fay openly^ That it iiaas necejjarie for everie Man to knaw
and under ft and his Baptifme^ and that it was cent r arte to General! Coitnfaillisy and
the Eftait of the holie Churche.
'ihe Anfwer.
My Lordis, I beleve thair be none fb unwyis heir, that will make Mer-
chandice with ane Frenche Man, or ony uther unknawin Stranger, except he
knaw and underftand the Conditioun, or Promis maid be the Frenche Man
or Stranger: So lyikwyis I wald that we underftude what Thing we promeis
in the Name of the Infent unto God in Baptifme : For this Caus, I beleve,
ye have Confirmatioun. Than faid Mr. Ble^er Chaplane, T'hat he had the Divill
•within hiniy and the Spreit of Errotir. Than anfwerit him a Child, %ing, The
Devill cannot fpeik fuche PVordis^ as yonder Man dois fpeik.
The fixth Artickle.
Thow fab Heretyik, Tratour and Theif thow faideji. That the Sacrament of
the Alter wes hot a Peice of Bread, haikin itpoun the Afhes, and no uther T'hing
ells ; and all that is thair done is hot a fuperftitius Ryie, againfi the Comande-
ment of God.
The Anfwer.
Oh Lord God ! Co manifeft Leis and Blafphemies the Scripture doithe nor
fb teiche you. As concerning the Sacrament of the Alter, my Lordis, I ne-
vir taucht ony Thing againft the Scripture, the whiche I (all be Godis Graice
mak maniteft this Day, I being thairfoir reddie to fufFer Deith. The lawful!
Ufs of the Saciament is maift exceptabill unto God; bot the grit Abuifeof it
is verie deteftabill unto him. Bot quhat Occafioun they have to (ay fuche
Wordis of me, I (all fcliortliefctiaw your Lordfchipis. I once chancit to meit
with a Jew, quhen I was (ailland upoun the Watter of Rhene ; I did in-
quir of him, quhat was the Caus of his Pertinacitie, that he did not beleve,
that the trew MelTias was come, confiddering that thay had lein all the Pro-
phefies whiche war fpokin of him to be fulfiUit : Moreover the Prophefies
takin away, and the Scepture of Judah. By monie uther Teftimonies of the
Scripture, I vanquft him, and appr&vit that the MefiTias was cum, the whiche
they callit Jefus of Nararethe. The Jew anfwerit agane unto me, " Quhen
*' the Meflias cumethe, he fall reftoir all T'hingis, and he (all not abrogate the
" Law, whiche was gevin unto our Fatheris, as ye do; for why ? We fie
*' the -Puir almoifl: perifche throw Hunger among yow, yit yow ar not movit
" with Pitie towards thame ; bot amongift us Jews, thoch we be puir, thair
*' are no Beggaris found. Secundarilie, It is forbidden by the Law, to fayne
*' any Kynd of Imagerie of Thingis in Hevin above, or in the Eirthe benethe, or in
" the Sie under the Lirthe ; bot one God onelie to honour : Bot your Sanctuaries
*' and Churches ar full of Idolles. Thridlie, A Peice of Breid baikin upoun
*' the Afhes, ye addore and worfchip, and (ay, that is your God. " I have
reherfit heir bot the Sayingisof the^fw, whiche I nevir affirmit to be trew.
Than
L I B. I. of ^c^igioun in Scotland. 57
Than the Bifchopis fchuik thair Heidis, and fpitit unto the Eirthe, and quhat
he meinit in this Matter further, thay wald not heir.
The feventh Artickle.
ThffX /j^ Heretyik did fay ^ That est rem Uriilioun was no Sacrament.
^he Anfvuer.
My Lordis, I nevir taucht of extrem Unftioun in my Do6lrine, quhither it
■vs-ar a Sacrament or no.
The aucht Artickle.
Thow fah Heretyik fayefl^ 7%at hol'te fVatter was not fo gude as IVafche^ and
fucheW'k: Tbovo contempnis Conjuring^ and fayisy that holie^ Churches Curfing a-
iiaileth not. '
^he Anfwer.
Mv Lordis, as for holie Watter, quhat Strenth it is of, I thaucht nevir irt
my Doft;'ine, Conjuringis and Exorcifmes, gif they war conformabill to the
Word of God, I wald comend thame : But in fa far as they ar not conforma-
bill to the Comandement and Word of God, I repruif thame.
The ninth Artickle.
Thow fah Heretyik and Rennigate has faid^ 'that every Layman is a Preiji •
and fuche lyiky thorn fayefty That the Paip hathe no more Power thane ane uther
Man.
^he jinjwer.
My Lordis, I taucht nothing bot the Word of God. 1 reniember, that 1
have red in fum Places of Sand Johne and St Peter ^ of the whiche one fayethe
he had maid us Kingis and Preiftis^ the uther fayethe. He had tnaid us the
kmglie Preiftheid: Quhairfoir I have affirmit, ony Man, being cunning and per-
fyire in the Worde of God, and the trew Fayth of Jefus Chrift, to have his
Power gevin him of God, and not be the Power or Violence of Men boc
by the Vertew of the Worde of God, the whiche Word is callir, the Power
of God., as Witnefs Sanft PaiiU evidentlie aneuche. And agane I fay, Anie
unleirnit Man, and not exerceifit in the Word of God, nor yit conflant in his
Fayth, quhatfbever Efiait or Ordour he be of ; I fay, he had no Power to
bind nor to lous, feing he wantis the Infhiment, be the whiche he bindethe
or loufethe, that is to fay, the Word of God. Efter that he had faid thefe
Wordis, all the Bifchopis lauched, and mocked him. Quhen that he beheld
their Lauchter, Lauche ye, faid he., my Lordis ? Thoch that thefe my Szy.
ingis appeir (cornfull, and worthie of Derifioun to your Lordfchipis, revir-
thelefs they ar verie vvechtie unto me, and of a greit Value; becaus thay
fiand not onlie upoun my Lyif, bot alfb the Honour and Glorie of God. In
the meintyme mony godlie Men behalding the Wodnes and grit Crueltie of
the Bifchopis, and the invincibill Patience of the faid Mr. George, did gritlie
murne and lament.
P The
58 The Hijlorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. I.
The tenth Artickle.
<flio'W fills Heretyik faideft^ 'that a Man had no frie tVill^ hot is lyik to the
Sfoikes, ijohiche fay, " That it is not in Manis Will to do ony Thingy hot that
*' all Comufifcence and Defyir comethe of God, of quhatfoevir Kynd it be of. "
The Anfwer.
My L(5rdis, I faid not fo trewlie. I fay, That als mony as beleve in
Chrift firmlie, unto thame is gevin Libertie, conformable to the Saving of St.
Johne, If the Sone mak yaw free, than fill ye verelie be free. Of the contrarie,
als monie as beleve not in Chrift Jefus, they are bound Servandis of Syne :
He that fynethe is bound to Syn.
The eleventh Artickle,
ThoTso fals Heretyik fayeft. It is ah lawfull to eit Flefche upoun Fryday, as one
Sonday.
The Anfwer.
Pleifit your Lordfchipis, I have red in the Epiftles of St. Paull^ That quho is
clein, unto thame all Thingis is clein : Of the contrarie, to the filthie Men, all
Thingis ar uncleane. A faythfull Man, clein and holie, fanftifyed be the Word,
the Creatour of God, bot the Creature makethe no Man acceptable unto God :
So that a Creatour may not fanftify anie impure and unfaythfull Man. Bot to
the taythfuU Man all Thingis ar fanftifyed, by the Prayer of the Word of
God. Efter thefe Sayingis of Mr. George, than faid all the BifchOpis with
their Complices, Quhat neidit us anie Witnes againis him, hath he not heir
openlie fpoken Blafphemie }
The twelft Artickle.
Thow fals Heretyik dideft fay. That nioe foiild not pay toSan^is^ lot to God
»nlie } Say quhither thow hes faid this or no^ fay fchortlie.
The Aifvoer.
For the Weiknes and Infirmitie of the Heirares, he faid, without Dout
plainlie, That Sanctis fbuld not be honourit nor incallit upoun. My Lordis,
faid he, thair are two Thingis worthie of Note ; the one is certane, the uther
uncertane. It is found planelie and certane in Scriptures, That we fbuld wor-
fchipe and honour one God, according to the Saying of the firfi Comande-
ment, Them fall -worfchip and honour the Lord thy God mth all thyne Hairt. Bot
as to praying to, and honouring of Sanftis, thair is grit Doute among mony,
quhither they heir or no Invocatioun maid unto thame; Thairfoir I cx-
hortit all Men equallie in my Doftrine, That thay fould leif the un-
(ure Way, and follow the Way, whiche was taucht us be our Maifier.
Chrifl;. " He is onelie our Mediatour, and makethe IntercefTioun for us to
" God his Father. He the Dure by the whiche we rauft enter in ; He that
" enteri*
i
IB. I. of Keligioun in Scotland, 59
" enteri? not in by this Dure, hot climcthc anc uthcr Way, is a Thcif and
" ane Murtherar. He is the Vcritie and Lyifc. " He that goethe out of
this Way, thair is no Dout bot he fall fall into the Myrc, yea, verclie he is
fallen in it alrcddie. This is the Fafchioun of my Doarine, the whiche I
h^ive evir followit. Verilie that whiche I have hard and red in the Word of
God, I taucht opinlic and in no Corncris, and now ye fall witncs the fanic,
"if your Lordfchipis will heir me: Except it ftand by the Word of God, I
dar not be fo bauld as to affirme ony Thing. Thc(^ Sayingis he reherfit
divers Tymes.
The threteent Artickle.
Tho-'jj fals Hereh'ik hs preichit plainlie^ faying^ That thair is m Purgatorie, and
that it is a faymd Th'wgjor aiiie Man efter this Lyif to be puriijched in Purgatorie.
The jinfxer,
Mv Lordis, as I have oftentymes fiid heirtofoir, without exprefs Witnes
and Tcltimnuie ot Scripture I dar affirme Nothing. I have oft and divers
Tymes red over the Bybill, and yit luche a Terme fand I nevir, nor ony
riice of Scriptour applecable thairto : Thairfoir I was alchainiit evir to teiche
of that Thing, whiche I could not find in Scripture. Then laid he to Maifter
^ohne Lauder his Accufer, Gif you have ony Teftimonie of the Scripture, by
the wiiiche ye may prove ony fuchp Plaice, fchaw it now, befoir this Audi-
tour. But that Dole had not a Word to fay for himfelf^ bot was als dum as
a Bittle in that Matter.
V
The fourteen! Artickle.
Thow fals Heretyik hes taucht planelie againis theVowis of Monhs^ Freiris
'unis and Preiftis^ fiyi'ig-, '^hat qithofoevir "was hound to fick lyick Fowis, they vowit
thamefelfis to Eft ait of Damnatioun. Moreover, that it was lawjull for Preiftis to
marie Wyifis, and not to leif folitar.
^e Anfjoer.
Of fuche, my Lordis, I^have red in the Evangell, That thair ar thrle
Kynd of chaift Men, fum ar geldit from thair Mothers Wombe, fum ar get
dit be Men, and fum have geldit thamefelfis for the Kindome of Kevins Saik 3
verilie, I fay, thefe Men ar blifTit by the Scriptur of God : Bot als monie as
have not the Gift of Chaflitie, nor yit for the Evangell have overcum the
Concupifcence of Flefche, and have vowit Chaftitie, ye have Appeirance, al-
thocht I fbuld hald my Toung, to quhat Inconveniencis thay have vowit thame-
felfis. Quhen he had faid thes Wordis they war all dum, thinking it better
to have ten Concubeinis nor one Wyif!
The fifteint Artickle.
7*ow fals Remiigate and Heretyik fay eft. That thcvii wit tict cley mr General
or Provinaall CounfailU.
Pa ^tf
6o The Hifiorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
^he Anfwer.
My Lordis, Quhat your general Counfaills ar, I knaw not ; I was nevir
exerceifit in thame ; but to the puir Word of God, I gave my Labouris. Raid
heir your generall Counfaillis, or eliis give me a Buick, quhairin they ar con-
tinit, that I may reid thame, gif that they aggrie with the Worde of God, I
will*not difagrie. Than the ravening Woulfis turnit unto Madnes, and faid,
« Quhairunio lat we him fpeik ony farther ? Reid furth the reft of the Ar-
« tickles and ftay not upoun thame. " Amongis theis cruell Tyggeris thair
was ane fals Hypocreit, a Seducer of the Pepill, callit Johme Scot^ ftanding
behind '^ohne Lauderis Back, haifting him to reid the reft of the Artickles,
and not to tarie upoun his wittie and godlie Anfweris ; " For we may not abyd
«' thame, quoth he, no moir nor the Devill may abyid the Signe of the Croce,
« quhen it is named. "
The fixtelnt Artickle.
ffhow Herety'ik fayeft. That it is vane to huiU to the Homur of God coiftlie
Churches feing that God remanethe not in Churches maid he Menis Handis^ nor
yit can God he in fo Titill Spaice, us belwix the Preiftis Hands.
'The Anfaoer.
My Lordis, SaUrrrorrs fayis, Gif that the Hevin of Hevinis camot comprehend
the how muche les this Hoiis whiche I have huildit. And Job confentcthe to the
{atne Sentence, faying, Seing that he is hicher than the Hevinis, thairfoir quhat can.
thow build unto him ? He is deper than the Hell, than how fall thow know him ? He
is longer than the Eirthe, andbroader than the Sey •, fb that God cannot be com.
prehendit in one Plaice, becaus that he is infinit. Thefe Sayingis notwith-
ftanding, I faid nevir, That Churches fould be diftroyit : But of the contrarie,
I affirmit evir, That Churches fould be manteined and uphaldin, that the Pe-
pill fould be tongregat in thame to heir the Word of God preichir. Mairo*
evir quhairfoevir is the trew preiching of the Word of God, and the lawfull
Ufe of the Sacramentis, undoutedlie thair is God himfelf .• So that both
thefe Sayingis ar trew togither j God cannot be comprehendit into anie ane
Plaice • And quhairfoevir ar two or thrie gatherit in his Name, thair is he prefent
in tie 'middis of thame. Than faid he to his AcAifar, Gif thow thinkeft ony
utherwayis, than I fay, fchaw furth thy RefTonis befoir this Auditour. Than
he without all ReafTone was dum, and culd not anfwer ane Word.
The fevinteint Artickle.
^hoTio fats Heretyik contemneft Faftingy and fayethe, Thotm fouldeft not fafi.
The Anfwer.
My Lordis, I find that Fafting is comendit in the Scriptur ; thairfoir I war
a Slanderar of the Gofpell, gif I contemnit Fafting. And not fb onlie, bot
1 have leirnit by Experience, that Fafting is gude for the Helthe a nd Confer-
vatioun of the Body: Bot God kn^wethe onelie quhafaftethe the trew Faft.
The
•'■'i
IB I. of Religiounin Scotland. Si
The auchteint Artickle.
^hcm fah Heretyik les freicbit opinlie^ faying, That the Sanll'is of Men fall
fleip to ike latter Day of Jitgment^ and full not obteiu Lyif imortall unt'ill that
The Anf-wer. '
God full of Mercie and Gudnes forgive thame that fayis fuche Thingis f
me. I wotte and knawis fuirlie by the Word of God, that he whiche h^d
begunne to have the Fayth of Jefus Chrilt, and belevethe firmelie \x\ him • T
knaw (liirlie, that the Souill o^ that Man (all nevir fleip, bot evir fall leif '
immortall Lyif, the whiche Lyif, from Day to Day, is renewit in Graice and
agmentit, nor yit fall evir perifche, or have ane End, bot fall evir leve '
mortall with Chrifl thair Heid, to the whiche Lyif all that beleve in h''"'
(all cum, and reft in eternall Glorie. Amen, *
QUhan that the Bifchopis with thair Complices had accufit this innocent
Man, in Maner and Forme afoirfaid, incontinentlie thay condemned
him to be brunt as ane Heretyik, not having Refpea unto his godlie Anfweris i»
and trew Reaflbnis whiche he allegit, nor yic thair awin Confciences think- ^"^
ing verelie, that thay fould do to God gude Sacrifice, conformabiij to the Say"
ingis of Jefus Chrift in the Gofpell of Sancl John, the xvi. Chapter • thay fdl
excomumcate yo-m, yea, and the Tyme fall cum, that he that killethe y^ fall tbmk
that be hes done to God gud Service.
The Prayer of Mr. George.
Q Immortall God, bow lang fall thow fuffer the IVodnes and greh Crudelitie of
'-^ the Ungodlie to exercies thair Fury upoun thy Servands, whiche do furder thy
Word in ibis Warld, ferng they defyre to do the contrarie, that is, to chock and de-
ftroy thy tre-wDoanne and Feritie, by the whiche thow has fcbawin the unto the
Warld, which was all droimed in Blmdnes and Mifknawlege of thy Name. 0 Lord
■we knaw fuirlie, That thy trew Servands moifte neidis fuffer Perfecmioun for thy
Names fatk, Affliaiom and TruHllis in ibis pre fent Lyif, whiche is bot a Schadow
as thow hes fcbawin unto us, by thy Propbeitis and Apoftles. Bot yit we defyre the
mercifull Father, That tbow concerve, defend and help thy Congregattoun, whiche tho^
hes cboifin befoir the Beginning of the Warlde, and gif thame thy Graice to heir
thy Wordy and to he thy trewe Servdnds in this frefeiit Lyif.
Than by and by, they caufit the comoun Pepill to remove, quhois Defire
was alwayis to have hard that innocent Man fpeik. And the Sones of
Darknes pronuncit thair Sentence definitive, not having Refpeft to the
Jugementis of God. Quhan all this was done and faid, my Lord Cardinal
caufTit his Tormentours to pas agane withe the meik Lambe unto the CaftelJ
untill fuche Tyme as the Fyre was maid reddie. Quhen he was cum unto the
Caftell, then thair came unto him two Gray Feindis, Freiris Scot and his
Mare, faying. Sir, ye muift mak your Confeffioim unto us. He anfwerit and
fzid, I will mak no Confeffionn unto yow. Go fetche me yonder Man that preichit this
£«y, and I will mak my Confejfioun unto him. Then they fent for the Suppryor
Q of
62 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. L
of the Abbey, quho came to him with all Diligence ; bot quhat he faid iti
this Confeflioun, I cannot fchaw. Quhen the Fyre wes maid reddie, and the
Callous at the weft Pairt of the Caftell, neir to the Priorie, My Lord Car-
dinall dreiding, that Mr, George fould have bein takin away by his Freindis,
thairfoir he comandit to bend all the Ordinance of the Caftell rycht aganis
the Plaice of Executioun, and comandit all his Gunnaris to be reddie, and
ftand befyid thair Gunis, unto fuche Tyme as he war brunt. All this being
done, thy bound Mr. Georges's Hands behind his Back, and led him furth with
thair Souldeours, frome the Caftell to the Plaice of thair cruell and \yickit
Executioun. As he came furthe of the Caftell Yer, thair met him certane
Beggars allking of his Almous for God's Saik. To quhome he anfwerit, /
want my Hands ^ qithairmth I had moomt to gif yow Almous^ bot the merdfidl
Lord^ of his Ben'igmtie and aboundant Graice, that feldeth all Men, vouchaif to gif
yow Necefj'aries both unto your Bodies and Saullis. Than efterwards met him
two fals Feindis, I fould (ay, Freirs, faying, Mr. George, pray to our Lady^
that fh; may be a Mediatrix for yoco to her Sane. To quhome he anfwerit
meiklie, Ceis^ tempt me not my Brethren.
Efter this he was led to the Fyir, with a Raip about his Neck, aiid a
Chain of Iron about his meddle. Quhan that he cam to the Fyre he fat
down upoun his Kneis, and rois up agane ; and thrifs he faid thefe Words,
O thow Saviour of the IV arid, have Mercie upoun me: Father of Hevin, I com-
mend my Spreit into thy halie Hands. Quhen he had maid this Prayer, he tur-
nit him to the Pepill, and faid thefe Wordis, 'I befeik yow Chriftiane Bre-
* thren and Sifters, that ye be not offendit at the Ward of God, for the AP
* fliftioun and Tormentis whiche yow fie alredie prepairit for me. Bot I ex*
* hort yow, that yow love the Word of God, your Salvatioun, and fuffer pa •
* tientlie, and with a comfortable Hairt, for the Word's Saik,whiche is your
* indoubtit Salvatioun, and everlafting Comfort. Mairovir,! pray yow, fchaw
* my Brethren and Sifteris, whiche have hard me ofte befoir, that thai
* ceis not, nor leif of to lerne the Word of God whiche I taucht unto thame,
* efter the Graice gevin unto me, for no Perfecutiounis nor Trubillis in this
* Warld whiche laftethe not : And fchaw unto thame that my Doftrine was
* no WyfisFabill, efter the Conftitutiounis maid be Men ; and gif I had taucht
< Mennis Doftrane, I had gottin gritter Thankis be Men. Bot for the Words
* Saik and trew Evangell, whiche was gevin unto me be the Graice of God,I
* fufifer this Day by Men,not forrowfullie, bot with a glaid Hairt and Mynd.
' For this Caus I was fent,That I fould fuffer this Fyre tor Chriftis Saik.
* Confidder and behald my Vifige,ye fall not fie me change my CuUour ; tHjs
* gryme Fyre I feir not, and fa I pray you for to do, gif that anie Perfecuti-
* oun cum unto yow for the Wordis Saik ; and not to feir thame that flay the
* Bodie, and efterwards have no Power to flay the SauU. Sum have faid of
* me,That I taucht the SauU of Man fall fleip untill the laft Day : Bot I knaw
* furelie, and my Fayth is fuche, that my Saulle fall foupe this Nycht with
* my Saviour,(or it be fex Houris) for quhome I fuffer this.' Then he pray-
ed for thame which accuifit him, faying, / befeik the Father of Hevin to for-
give thame that have of ony Ignorance, or ellis of ony evill Myndforgit Lies upoun
me; I forgive thame with all my Hairt: 1 befeik Chrift to forgive thame that
have condemnit me to Deythe this Day ignorantlie. And Jaft of all, he faid to
the Pepill on this Maner ; 'I befeik yow Brethren and Sifteris to exhort youc
* Prelatis to the Leirning of the Word of God, that thay at the leifl may be
*afha<
Lib. I. of Kclgioun in Scotland. 63
* aninmit to do EvilJ,and leirne to do gude ; and gif thay will not convert
' thamcfclfis frome rhair witkit Errours,thair fall haiftelie cum upoun thame
' the Wrayth of God, which thay fall not elchevv.' Mony faythtuil Words
{aid he in the niein Tyme, taking no Heid or Cair of the cruell Tormentis
which war than prepaired for him. Than laft of all the Hangman that
was his Tormentar, (at doun upoun his Kneis, and faid, Sn\, I pray ycyj) for-
vrje me, for I uvit' 1 rt giLie of your Deyth. To quhome he anfwerir, Cume
hither to me: ' Quhen he was com to him, he kifTit his Cheik, and faid,
* Lo heir is aTakin that I forgive the; my Hairt,do thy Office '; and than by
and by, he was put upoun the Gibbit, and hangit, and thair brunt to Poul-
der. Quhen that the Pepiil beheld the grit tormenting of that Innocent, thay
mycht not withhald f-ome piteous mourning, and complayning of that inno-
ccnte Lambes Slauchter. Efcer the Deyth of this blilTit Martyr of God, be-
gane the PepiU in plain Ipeiking to dampne and deteft the Crueltie that was
ufTit ; yea. Men of grit Birth, Eftimatioun, and Honour, at oppin Tabillis a-
vowed. That the Bliiid of the (aid Mr. George fould be revengit, or ellis
they (buld lois Lyif for Lvif Amongelt quhome John Lejlie Brother to the
Erie o\ Rot hois was the Cheif, for he in all Cumpanies fpired not to niy,That
(ame Quhinf'er, fchawing furth his Dagger, and that ftme Hand ibuld be Prei-
ItiS to the Cardinall. Thes Bruitis cam to the Cardinalls Earis : Bot he
thought himlelf flout aneuch for all Scotland: For in BaNlon, that is, in his
1 cw Block Ions, he was fuir, a"; he thocht, and upoun the Feildis he was
abill to matci.e all his Enemies : And to wryit the Treuthe, the maill Pairt
cf the Nobilitie of Scotland had eyther gevin unto him thair Banus of
fi'anrent, or elliS war in Confederacie, and promeifit Amitie with him. He
onl> fe'.rit thame in quhois Handis Gf^d deliverit him, and for thame he had
1 yed his NetMS fo lecreitlie, as that he maid a full compte, that thair Feit
could ni^i efchaip, as we fall etter heir. And fumthing of his former Prafteis
we man recompt. Efter the Pafhe he came to Eciinhurghe, to hald the Seinye,
gs the Papiftis tearme thair unhappie Alfemblie of Baalis fchaven Sort. It
was bruitit that fumthing was purpoifit againft him at that Tyme by the Erie
o^ Angus and his Freindis, quhome he mortallie haitit, and quhois Deftrufti-
ciin he fochr ; bot it failled, and Co retumit he to his Strenthe ; yea, to his
God and onlieGimfbrt, alfweill in Haven as in Earthe ; and thair he remai-
nit without all feir of Deyth, promeifing unto himfelf no les Plelur nor did
the riche Man of quhome mentioun is maid by our Maifler in the Evangell ;
for he did not onlie rejoyce and (ay. Eat and he glaid, wy Saull, for tbow
hes grit Ryches layd up in Stoir for maiiie Dayis ; but alfo he faid, 'Tufche, a Feg
for the Feid^and a Buttoun for the hr aging of all theHeretyikes and thair AJfiftance in
Scotland : // not my Lord Governour myne ? Witnefs his eldeji Soiie thair Pledge
at my Table. Ha've I not the ^uein at my a-yjin Devotioun ? He meinit of the
Mother oCMarye that now mefchevouflie regnes .•* Is not France my Freind^and
1 Frewd to France ? ^,hat Danger fould I feir ? And thus in Vanitie the
Cardinall delytit himfelf a litill befoir his Deathe. Bot yit he had devyfit to
have cut of fuche as he thoicht mycht cummer him : For he had appoirtit
the haill Gentilmen ot Fyiffe to have met him at Falkland the Mononday efter,
that he was (layne upoun the Setter day. His treaflbnabill Purpois was rochc
vrderftude, bot by his fecreit Counfaill, and it was this ; That Normond Leflie,
Sh'ref^ r.f Fy'f, and appearand Air to his Father the Erie of Rothois ; the (aid
Jcune Lefligy Fayther Brother to Normoundj the Lairdis of Grange j elder and
Q 2 younger J
6^ 'The Hi/lor ie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
younger ; Sir James Learmonih of Darfie and Provoift of St. Androis ; and
the faythfull Laird of Raythe, fould ether have bein Hayne, or ellis tane, and
efter to have bein ufit at his Plefbur. This Interpryis was difcloifit efter his
Slauchter parteHe be Letteris and Memoriallis found in his Chalmer, boc
planehe affirmit by fuch as war of the Counfaill. Mony Furpoifes war devyi-
fit how that wickit Man mycht have bein taikin away ; bot all faillir, till
Fryday the 28th of Muit^ amo 1546, quhen the foirfaid Normond came at
Nycht to St. Androis^ IVtlliam Kirkcaldie of Grainge youngar was in the
Toun befoir awaytting upoun the Purpois. Laft came Johne Leflie foirlaid,
who was moift fufpe^led : Quhat Conclufioun they tuik that Nicht it was not
kniwin bot by the I(chew that followed. Bot airlie upoun the Settorday in
the Morning, the 29th of Mail, war thay in flindrie Cumpanies in the Ab-
bay Kirkyaird, not far diftant frome the Caftell : Firft, The Yettis being op-
pin and the Draw-brig lattin down for receaving of Lyme and Stanis, and
uther Thingis neceflarie for Building, for Babilon was almoft finifched. Firliy
we fay aflayit William Kirkcaldie of Grange younger, and with him fex Per-
fonis and getting Entres, held Purpois with the Porter, gif my Lord Cardi-
nall was wakin ? ^A/ho anfwered, No: And fo it was indeid, for he had
bein buffie at his Accomptis with Meftres Marioim Ogilhy that Nicht, who was
efpyit to departe frome him by the privie Pofterne that Morning ; and thair-
foir Ouietnes efter the Reullis of Phyfick, and a Morne Sleip was requifite
for mv Lord. Quhille the faid William and the Porter talked, and his Ser-
vandis maid thame to luik the Wark and the Warkmen, aproched Normond
Leflie with his Cumpanie ; and becaus thay war no grit Number, thay eafilie
eat Entres. Thay addres thame to the middis of the Clois, and immediatlie
came Johne Leflie fumquhat rudelie, and foure Perlbnis with him : The
Porter fearing, wald have drawn the Brig, bot the (aid Johne being enterit
thairone,ftayit,and lap in : And quhill the Porter maid him for Defence, his
Heid was brockin, the Keyis was taikin frome him, and he caftin in the
Fowfie, and fo the Plaice was feiffit. The Warkmen, to the Number of mo
than ane Hundreth, ran of the Wallis, and war without Hourt put furthe at
the "Wickit Yet. The firft Thing that evir was done, fVilliame Kirkcaldie tuk
the Gaird of the privie Pofterne, fearing that the Fox fould have efchaipit.
Than go the reft to the Gentilmenis Chalmeris, and without Violence done
to ony Man, thay put mo than fyifcie Perfonis to the Yet : The Number
that interpryifit and did this, war but fextein Perfonis. The Cardinall wack-
nit with the Schoutis, alkit frome his Window, Quhat meinit that Noyis ?
It was anfwerit, That Normond Leflie had taikin his Caftell : Whiche under-
ftaude, he ran 'to the Pofterne , bot perceaving the Paflage to be keipit with-
out he returnit quicklie to his Chalmer, and tuk his two handit Sword, and
garth Chalmerchyild caft Kiftis and uther Impediments to the Dure. In this
mein Tyme came 'Johne Leflie unto it, and biddis oppin. The Cardinall aflc-
ing, Who callis ? He anfwerit. My Name is Leflie. He redemands. Is that
'Normond? The uther fayis,Nay,My Name \s Johne. I will have Normond,fRyis
the Cardinall, for he is my Freind. Content your felf with fuche as ar heir,
fcr uther fall ye get nane. Thair war with the faid Johne, James Melvell, a
Man familiarlie acquainted with the (aid Mr. George Wifcheart, and Petir Car-
michell, a ftout Gentilman. In this mein Tyme, whyll they (orce at the Dure,
the Cardinall hyddis a Box of Gold under Coills that war layd in a fecreit
Corner. At lenth he alketh, Will ye fame my Lytf? The faid Johne ^tifvierA,
I B. I. of Religioun in Scotland. 6'^
It may he that we will. Nay, fayis the Cardinall, Sweir uvto me by God'ts
Womd'is, and I fall oppiii unto yow. Than anfwerit the laid Joi'n, It that was
faid, is unfa id; and Co he cryif, Fire, Fire, for the Dure was verie ftark, and
lo was brocht anc Chimhiy full of burning Coallis, quhilk pcrccavit, the Car-
dinall or his Chalmer-chylde ( it is uncertain) oppinit the Dure, and the Car-
dinall (at doun in a Chayrc, and cryit, / ame a Preift, I ame a Preift, ye -will
tiot flay me. The Hiid Jobiie Le/lie, according to his former Vowis, ftraik him
anis or twyis, and fo did the laid Fetir. Bot James Mehell, a Man of Na-
ture moift gentill and moft modefl, perceaving thame bayth in Cholcre, with-
drew thame, and laid, This JVark and fiigement of God, althocht it be fecreit
yit aucht to be done mth grttter Gravitie. And preftnting unto him the Point
of the Sword, faid, Repent the of tkyne former --joickit Lyif, but efpectallie of the
fcbedding cf the Bluid of that notable Inftrimein of God, Mr. George Wileheart
whide albeit the Flame of Fyre confumit befotr Mei/,yit cryis it, a Vengeaine upoun
the, and ixe from God ar fent to revenge it. For heir befoir my God, I protell
That nether the Hatrent of thy Perfone, the Love of thy Ryches, nor the Feir of
ante Trouble thow (ould have done to me in particular, miiift, or movethe me to
ftraik the ; bot onlie hecaus thaw hes bein, and remainis ane ohitinate Enemie to
Chryiii Jefus and his holie Evangcll. And lb he ftraik him twyls or thryifs
throw with a Stdge Sword : And (b he fell, nevir Word hard out of his
Mouthe, bot / ame a Preift, I ame a Preift, fy, fy, all is gone.
Whill they war thus occupyed with the Cardinal, the Fray ryiflis in the
Toun ; the Proveift afll'mbles the Commonaltie, and cumis to the Fouieis Syde
c. ying, ^ihat have ye done with my Lord Cardinall ? Where is my Lord Cardi-
nall? have ye Jlaine my Lord Cardinall ? Let us fie my Lord Cardinall. Thay
that war within anfwerit gentillye, The heft it war to yow to returne to your
awin Houfes ; for the Man you call the Curdinall hes receaved his Reward mid
in his awin Perfone will trouble the fVarld na mair. Bot then mor inragitlie
they cryit, JVe fall nevir departe till that we fie him. And lb was he brocht to
the Eirt Blokhoule Heid, and Ichawin deid over the Wall to the faythics
Multitude, whiche wald not beleve befoir that it law. And fo they departit
without requiem ^ternam, & requiefcat in pace, lung for his Saull. Now be-
caus the "Wedder was hotte, for it was in Maii, as ye have hard, and his
Funerallis culd not fuddantlie be prepaired, it was thocht beft ( to keip him
frome ftinking) to give him grit Salt yneuche, a Cope of Leid, and a Nuck
in the Bottome of the Sey-tour, a Plaice quhair mony of God's Children had
bein imprifonit befoir, to await quhat Exequies his Brethren the Bilchopis
wald prepair for him. Thefe Thingis we wrytte merrille, bot we would that
the Reidar Ibuld obferve God's juft Judgmentis, and how that he can depre-
hend the warldie Wyis in thair awin Wildome, mak thair Tabill to be a
Snair to trappe thair awin Feit, and thair awin preluppoifit Strcnth to be thair
awin Deftruftioun. Thele ar the Warkis of our God, wherby he wald ad-
monifch the Tirrantis of this Earthe, that in the End he will be revengit 6f
thair Cruehie, quhat Strenth lb evir they mak in the contrair. Bot fiiche is
the Blindes of Man, as David fpeikes. That the Prfteritie dots evir follcw
the Futefteppis of thair wickit Fathers, and principallie in thair Impiety :
For how litill difFeris the Cruehie of that Baftard, that yit is callit Bifchope of
Sanft Androis, frome the Crueltie of the former, we will efter heir. *
The Deith of this foirlaid Tirrant was dolorous to the Preiftis, dolorous to
the Governour, and moift dolorous to the Quein Dowagar: For in him
R- perifched
66 The H.ftor'te of the Kejormatioun Lib. L
peri(ched Faythfulnes to France^ and the Comfort to all Gentilwemen, and efpe*
ciallie to wantoun Wedowis : His Deith muift be revengit.
To the Court agane repaires the Erie of Jngus^ and his Brother Sir George.
Labor is maid for the Abbacie of Abhirhrothe^ and a Grant was anis maid of
the famyn, in Memorie quhairof George Douglas., Baftard Sone to the faid
Erie is yit callit Poftulate. Bot it was mair proper ( think the Haumihoimis )
for the Governour's Kitcheing, nor for Rewaird to the Doughjjes ; and yit in
Efperance thairof the (aid Erie and George his Brother wer the firft that votit,
that the Caftell of San6V Androis fbuld be beleigit. The Bifchope, to declair
the Zeall that he had to revenge the Deithe of him that was his Predeceflbur,
( and yit for his Wifche he wald not have had him leving agane ) ftill blew
the Coalles. And firft, he caufTit fummond, then denunce accurfit, then laft,
Rebells not onlie the firft Interpry(aris, bot all (ushe alfb as efter did ac-
cumpanie thame : And laft of all, Siege was conduit, whiche begane in the.
End of Jugu/i. For the 23. Day thairof departit the Souldeours frome Edm-
hwh., and continewed neir to the End of Januar: At quhat Tyme, becausthey
had na uther Hoip of winning it bot by Hunger, and thairof alfo they war
dilpared for thai within had brockin throuche the eift Wall, and maid ana
plaine Paflage by ane Iron Yer to the Sey, whiche gritlie relevit the Befeigif,
and abafit the Befeigtrs ; for than thay (aw that they could not (fope thame of
Viftuells unlefs that thay (buld be Maifters of the Sey, and that thay cleirlie
underftude thay could not be ; for the IngUfche Schippis had once bein thair,
and had biocht Wdhame Kirkaldte frome Londone., and with muche Difficultie
( becaus the (aid Yet was not thane prepaired ) and (um Lo(s of Men had
renderit him to the Caftle agane, and haid taikin with thame to the Court
of Jngland., Johne Leflie and Mr. Henrie Balmveisy for perfytting of all Con-<
trads betwix thame and Ring Harie, quho promeiffit to taik thame in his
Protefti'Jun, upoun Conditioun onlie, that thay fbuld keip the Governour's Sone,
my Lord of Arrane., and ftand Freindis to the Contraft of Marriage, quhair-
of before we have maid Mention. The(e Thingis cleirlie underftude, we
lay, be the Governour and his Coun(aill, the Freiftis and (chaven Sorte, thay
conclud to mak ane Appointment, to the End thar under Treuthe they micht
ether get the Caftell bctray'd, or ellis fbme principall Men of the Cumpanie
taikin at unawaires. In the whiche Heid was the Abbot of Diimefermeling
Principall, and for that Purpois had the Laird Monquhahj, whiche was maift
familiar with thame of the Caftell, labourit at Fute and Hand, and poceiddic
fo in his Traflfick, that frome Entris upoun Day licht at his Plefur, he gat
Licence to cum in upoun the Nicht quhenfbevir it pleafit him. Bot God had
not apointed fo mony to be betrayed, albeit that he would that thay fould be
punifched, and that juftlie, as heirefter we will heir.
The Heidis of the coloured Appointment war.
I. That thay fould keif the Caftell of SanH Androis, ay and quhill that the Gor
vermur and Authoritie 0/ Scotland fould get unto thame ane fufficient Ahfolutioun
from the Paip, Antichrift., of Rome, for the Slauchter of the Cardinall foirfaid.
II. khat thay Jould deliver Pledges for Deliverie of thai Hous^ how fone th
Abfoluuoun foirfaid was delivered unto thame.
III. That thair Freindis, Familiares and Servands, and utheris to thame pertein.
ing^ fould nevir be perfei/ned in the LaWy nor by the Law he the Author liie, for the
Slauchter
IB. I. of Rdigioun in Scotland. 67
Slaiichter foirfa'td. Bot that thay fould hruik ComoJiteis fp'tritnall ar temporally
qiibatfoevir they poffejj'ed befoir the /aid SlauchteVj evin as gif it nevir bad be'tn
comitted.
IV. That thay of the Ciliell foidd keip the Erie of Arrane, fo Jang as thair
Pledges war keipt.
And fuche lyk Artickles libera! ancuche, for thay nevir myndit to kcip
"Word of thame, as the Kchcw did declair.
The Appointment maid, all the Godlie war glad; forfum Efpeiance thay
had, that thairby God's Word fould fumquhat budde, as indeed Co it did. For
Johne Rorjcgh (who (one efter the Cardinalls Slauchter entered within the Ca-
ifteii, and had continewed with thame the wholle Siege ) began to preiche in
St. Androis ; and albeit he was not the moift leirned, yit was his Doftrine
without Corruptioun ; and thairfore weill lyked of the Pepill. At the Paiche
efter, anno 1/47. come to the Caitell of St. Jndrois Johne Knox^ quho wearied
of removing from Plaice to Plaice, be Reilbne of the Perftcutioun that came
upoun him by this Bifchope of St. Androis^ was determined to have left Scot-
land^ and to have vifited theSchooles of Germanie ( of Inglaiid {hzn he had
no Plelbur, be Refl'one that the Popis Name being furprefted, his Laws and
Corruptiounis remainit in full Vigor ) bot becaus he had the Cair of fum Gen-
tilmenis Children, whome certane Yeirs he had nurifched in Godlines, thair
Fathers (blicited him to go to St. Androis, that hisfelf micht have the Benefit
of the Cal^ell, and thair Children the Benefite of his Doctrine ; and (b, we
fay, come he the Tyme foir(aid to the faid Plaice, and having in his Cumpa-
nie Franc! 5 Douglas of Langmidrie, George his Brother, and Alexander Cockknney
then eldert Sone to the Laird of Ormiftouu, began to exercis thame efter his
accuftomed Maner. Befyidis thair Gramar, and uther humane Authoris, he
red unto thame ane Catechifrne, Accompt quhairof he cauHit thame gif pu-
blicklie in the Paroche Kirk of St. Aidrois. He red mairover unto thame
the Evangell of Johie, proceiding quhair he left at his departing frome
Langnudrie, quhair befoir his Refidence was ; and that Leclure he red in the
Chapell within the Caftell, at a certane Hour. They of the Plaice, bot elpe-
ciallie Mr. Henry Balnaveis and Johne Roughe Preicheour, perceaving the Maner
of his Doftrine, began earneftlie to travell with him, that he wald tak the
preiching Place upoun him. Bot he utterlie refiiifit, alledging. That he wald
not rin quhair God had not callit htm; meaning that he wald do nothing with-
out a lawfull Vocation. Whereupoun they privelie amonges thamefeltes ad-
vifing, having with thame in Cumpany Sir David Lindefay of the Mount^
they concludit, that thay wald give a Charge to the faid Johne, and that pu-
blicklie be the Mouthe of thair Preicheour. And (b upoun a certane Day, a
Sermone had of the EleiSioun of Minifleris, ' what Power the Corgregatioun,
* how fmall that evir it was, pafTing the Number of two or three, had above
* ony Man, in quhome thay flippoifed and efpyed the Giftis of God to be, and
* how dangerous it was to refliis, and not to heir the Voice of fuche as de-
* fyir to be inf^rufted.' Thefe and uther Heidi s, we fay, declaired ; the faid
Johne Roughe Preicheour dircfted his "Words to the faid Johne Knox, fayir.g.
Brother, ye fall not be ojfendit, albeit that I fpeik unto you, that ischiche I have
hi Chairge, evin from all theis that ar heir prefent, uhiche is this. In the f^me
of God, and of his Sone Jefui Chrifi, and in the "Name of theis that prejentlie
tallis yow by my Mouthe, I charge yow, that ye refuis not this holie Vocatioun^ hot
R 2 as
^8 The Hifiorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
as ye tender the Glorie of God^ the Increfce of Chriftis Kingdome, the Edifcatmin
of your Brethren^ and the Comfort of me^ quhome ye iiuderftaiid weill aneuch to he
opprejfed hy the Multitude of Labours ; that ye tak upoun yaw the public Office
and Charge of Preaching^ evin as ye luik to avoydGodis hevie Difpleftr^ and defyre
that he fall multiplie his Graices with yow. And in the End he (aid to theis
that war prefenr, Was not this your Chairge unto me ? And do ye not approve
this Vocation ? They anfwerif, It was, and we approve it. Quhairat the faid
Johne abafhed, bruft furthe in maift aboundant Tearis, and withdrew himfelf
to his Chalmer ; his Countenance and Behaviour from that Day, till the
Day that he was compelled to prefent himfelf to the publid Plaice of Preich-
ing, did fufficientlie declair the Greif and Trobill of his Hairt ; for no Man
faw ony Signe of Mirthe of him, nether yit had he Plefour to accompany ony
Man, monye Dayis togither.
The Neceffitie that caufit him to enter in the publift Plaice, befydis the
Vocatioi'.ii foirlaid, was Deane Johne Anan, a rottin Papift, had lang trublit
Johne Roixhe in his Preiching : The (aid Johne Knox had fortified the Dodrine
of the Freicheour by his Fen, and had beattin the faid Deane Johne trom all
Defences, that he was compellit to flie to his laft Refuge, thr.t is, to the
Authority of the Churche, Whiche Authority, {aid he, damnethe all Lutherahes
and Heretyikes ; and thairfoir he neidit no farder Difputatioun. Johne Knox an-
fwerit Befoir that we hald ourf elves, or that ye can prove us fufficientlie convi^,
•we mu/i defyne the Churche, by the rycht Nottes gevin to us in God's Scriptures of
the trew Churche. IVe muff decern the immaculate Spous of Jefus Chrift ^ frame
the Mother of Confnfioun, fpirituall Babilone, leift that imprudentlie we embrace
a Harlate injieid of the chaifte Spous. Yea, to fpeik it in playne Words ; leaji
that we fubmitte ourjelves to Sathan, thinking that we fubmitte ourfelfs to Jefus
Chrift : For, as for your Romane Kirk, as it is now corrupted, and the Authori'
tie thairof, quhairon jiandis the Hope of your Viflorie, I no more dout, hot that
it is the Synagoge of Sathane, and the Heid thaiof, callit theFa'ip, to he thatM.zn
of Syn, of quhome the Apoftill fpeikis, than that I doutte, that Jefus Chrift fuf
ferit by the Procurement of the vifible Churche of Jeru(alem. Tea, I offer myfelf
by Word or Writte, to prove the Romane Churche this Day, farder degenerate
frame the Puritie, whiche was in the Dayis of the Apoftles, then war the Churche
of the Tewis from the Ordinance gevin be Moyfes, quhen they confentit to the in-
nocent Deithe of Jefus Chrift. Theis Wordis war fpokin in oppin Audience
in the Pariche Churche of St. Androis, efter that the (aid Deane John Anan had
{pokin quhat it pleifit him, and had refuifit to difpute. The Pepill heiring
the Offer, cryit with ane Content, We cannot all reid yonr JVryttingis, bat we
may all heir your Preachingis : Thairfoir we requir you in the Name of God, that
ye will lat us heir the Probatioun of that whiche ye have affirmit : For if it be
trew we have bein miferablie deceavit. And (b the nixt Sonday was apointit:
to the (aid Johne to exprefs his Mynd in the publift preicheing Plaice,
whiche Day aprocheing, the (aid Johnne tuk the Text writtin in Daniell the
vii. Chapter, beginning thus. And ane uther King fall rys efter thame, and fall
be unlyik to the firft, and he fall fubdew thrie Kingis, and fall fpeik Wordis a-
gainft the moift Heich, and fall confume the SanHis of the moift Heich, and think
that he may change Tymes and Laws, and thay fall be gevin unto his Handis,
imtill a Tyme, and Tymes, and dividing of Tymes. In the Beginning of the
Sermone, he (chew the grit Love of God towards his Churche, quhome it
pleifit to foirwarne of Dangers to come (a mony Yeirs befoir thay came to
pas
IB. 1. of K J gioim tfi Scothnd. 6^
pas. He brevelie intreartir the FPair of the ffralitis, qiihn then war in Bon-
dage in BitluloN, for the moilt Pare ^ and maid a fchni t JDacours ot the four
Impyrcs, the Babilouione^ the Petjiatfe, that of the Ceikii^ and the fourt (;f
the Romanes, in the Del^rurtioun quhairof rais up that laft Bcilt, uhichc he
affirmit to be the Roitwne Churche ; for to none uther Power that evir hes
yit bein, do all the Notes that God hes fchawin to the Propheit apertein, ex-
cept to it allone, and unto it th^y do lb properlie aperttin, that fuchc as ar
not more than blind, may cleirlie fie thame. Bot befoir he began to oppin
upe the Corruptioun of the Papdtrie, he defyncd the trew Kirk, fchew the
rrew Notes ot it, wherupoun it was buildit, quhy it was the Pillar of Ve-
ritie, and quhy it could not erre, to wit, Beuius it hard the Voice of the awin
Paftor Jef'o' Chi ft, waU not heir a Stranger, nether yit i»aU be caryed about with
everie Kynd of Do^riiie.
Everie ane of thes Heids fufficicntlie declaired, he cnterit upoun the con-
trair, and upoun the Nottes gevin in his Text, he fchew that the Spirit of
God in the New Teftament gave to this King uther Names, to wit. The Man
of Sin, the Aitichnfi, the fVhore of BaMon. He (chewit. That this Man of
Sin, OT Antichryft, was not to be reftrayned to the Peribne of ony ane Man
cnlie, no more than be the fourt Beift was to be underftude the Peribne of
ony ane Emperour. Bot be fick Names the Spirit of God wald foirwarne his
choifin of a Body and a Multitude, having an wicked Heid, quha (buld not
onelie be fin full his felf, bot that allb fbuld be Occalioun of Sinne to ail that
fbuld be fubjeft unto him (as Chrift Jefus is the Caus of Juftice to all the
Members of his Bodie) and is callit the A}itichriji, that is to lay, ane contrair
to Chrift, becaus that he is contrair unto him in Lyif, Dnchiue, Laisos^ and
SubjeSiis. And thair begane he to difcipher the Lyifis of divers Faipes, and
the Lyifes of the Schavelmgis for the molt Parte : Thair Do6i:rine and Lawis
he planelie provir to repugne direftlie to the Lawis and Do6trine of God the
Father, and of Chrift Jeliis his Sone. This he provit by conferring the
Doftrine of Juflificatioun exprefTit in the Scriptures, whiche teiche that Man
is jufiified be Fayth onVe; That the Bluid of Jef/is Chrift purgis us from ail our
Stnis : And the Doftrine of the Papifts, whiche attributed Juflificatioun to
the Warkis of the Law, yea, to the "Warkis ot Menis Inventioun, as Pilgra-
mages, Pardonis, and uther fick Baggage. That the Papifticall Lawes re-
pugnit to the Lawes of the Evangell, he provit by the Lawes maid of Ob-
(ervatioun of Dayis, abfteining frome Meatis, and from Mariage, whiche Je-
fus Chrift maid frie ; and the forbidding quhairof, Sanft Fauil callis the
Do^rine of Devills. In handling the Notres of that Beift gevin in the Text,
he willit Men to confidder giff thes Nottes {Thair fall ane aryis, inlyik unto
the uther, having a Mont he fpeiking grit 'Thingis and blajphemous) could be ap.
plyed to ony uther, bot to the Paip, and his Kingdome: For gif thefe, laid
he, be not grit Words and blafphemous, the Succeffour of Petir, the Vicar of
Chiift, The heid of the Kirk, moji bolie, moft hlifftt, that cannot erre 'y that may
tnak rjcht a wrang, and wrang of rycht ; that of nothing may mak funiquhat ; and
that had all Veritie in the Schryne of his Breift ; yea, that hes Fo-jjer of all, and
none Power of him. Nay, nocht to lay. That he dois wrang, althoch he drain/
Ten thoufand MiUioun of SauUis with himfelf to Hell. Gif thes, faid he, and
many uther abill to be fchawin in his awin Cannoun-Law, he not grit and
blafphemous Words, and fick as nevir mortal! Men fpak befoir, let the Warld
juge. And yit, faid he, is thair ane maift evident of all, to w/>, Johne in
S hi9
70 The Hi/lor ie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
his Revelatioun (ayis. That the Merchandice of that Babilonhme Harlote, a-
mongs uther 'Thlngis^ fall be the Bodeis and Saulles of Men. Now lat verie Pa-
piftis thamefelves juge, Gif evir ony befoir thame, tuk upoun thame Power
to relax the Paynes ot thame that war in Purgatorie, as they affirme to the
Pepill that daylie they do, by the Merittis of thair Mes, and of thair uther
TrifFellis. In the end, he fiid, Gif ony heir ^and thair war prefent Mr.
Johie Mair, the Univerfitie, the Sup-pryor, and mony Channones, with film
Freiris of baith the Ordours) tliat will /ay, Tiiat I have aleagit Scriptures,
Doftor, or Hiftorie', utherwayes thane it is writtin, lat thame cum unto me
with fuificient Witne(res, and be Confeirence I fall lat thame fie, not only
the Onginall quhair my Tertimonies ar writtin, bot I (all prove, That the
Wryttars men't as I have fpokin. OiFthis Sermone, whiche was the firft
that evir Johime Knox maid in publid, was thair divers Bruittis : Sum faid^
utheris hued the Branches of Papiftrie, bot he ftraikerhe at the Rute, to de-
ftroy the whoUe,, Utheris faid, Gif the Doftors, and Magiftri noftri^ defend
not now the Pape and his Awthoritie, whiche in thair awin Prefence is fb
manifettlie impugnit, The Devill have my Parte of h'm, and his Lawh hothe,
Utheris faid, Mr^ George IVifcheart fpak nevir (b planelie, and yit he was brunt,
evin fo will he be. In the End utheris faid. The Tirranie of the Cardinall
maid not his Caus the better, nether yit the Suffering of Godis Servand maid
his Caus the wors. And thairfoir we wald counfaill yow and thame to pro.
vyde better Defences than Fyre and Sword ; for it may be that ellis ye fall
be difapointed ; Men now have uther Eyis than thay had than. This Anfwer
gave the Laird o{Nydre,z Man fervent and uprycht in Religioun. TheBaf^ard
Bifchope, quho was not yit execrated, confecrated they call it, wrait to the
Suppryor of St. Androis, quho (fede vacante') was Vicar General, That he
wonderit that he fufferit fick Hereticall and Schifmaticall Doftrin to be taucht,
and not to oppone himfelf to the fame, Upoun this rebuiSc, was a Conven-
tioun of Gay Freiris and Black Feindis appointed, with the faid Sup-pryor
Deane Johne Windrame in St. Leonards Yairds, quhairunto was firft callit Johne
Roiighe, and certane Artickles red unto him. And thairefter was Johnne Knox
callit for. The Caus of thair Conventioun, and quhy that thay war callit, is
exponit. And the Artickles war red, whiche war thefe.
I. No mortall Man can he the Head of the Chiirche.
II. The Paipe is ane Antichryft, and fo is no Member of Chriftis mifiicall
Bodie.
III. Man may nether mak nor devys a Religioun that is acceptabill to God, lot
Man is hound to ohferve and keip the Religioun that fra God is reffavit, mthout
chopping or changing thairof.
IV". The Sacramentis of the New Teftament, aucht to le miniftrate as they "war
inftituted by Chrili Jefus, and praffifit be his Apofiles, nothing aucht to be addtt
unto thame, nothing aucht to he diminifched frome thame.
V. The Mes is abhominahill Idolatrie, Uajphemous to the Leyth of Chrift, and
a Prophanatioun of the Lordis Supper.
VI. Thair is no Purgatorie, in the whiche the Saullis of Men can nether le
pyned or purged efter this Lyif. Bot Hevin reftis to the faythfull, and Hell to the^
reprobate and imfaythfull.
VII. Praying for the deid is vane, and to the de'td is Idohtrie,
' VIII, ^hair
IB.
I. of Rcligioun tn Scotland. 7 1
VIII. Thair is no Bifchop'is^ except they preicke ev'in by thiimefehifj without oiiy
Suhftitute.
IX. The ^eindis by Godis Law do not aperttin of Neceffitie to the Ktikmett.
The Strangenes, faid the Sup-pryor, of thefe Artickles whichc ar gatherit
furth of your Do6lrine have movit us to call for yow, to heir your awkl
Anfwers. Jobne Knox (aid, I for my Parte prais my God, tha' I fit- Co ho-
horabill, and apearandlie fo mbdeft and quiet ane Auditour : Bot becaus it
is lang fince that I have hard, that ye ar one that is not ignorant of the
Treuthe, I man crave of yow in the Name of God, yea, and I appeill your
Confcience befoir that (uppreame Juge, that gif ye think ony Artickle thair
exprelTit, contrarious unto the Treuthe of God, That ye opponc your (elf
plainlic unto it, and fuffer not the Pepill thairwith to be diflavit. Bot, and
if in your Conlcience ye knaw the Doctrine to be trew, than will I crave
your Fatrocinie thairto ; that by your Authoririe the Pepill may be movit the
rather to beleve the Treuthe, quhairof mony doubtis, be refl;jne of our
Yeuthe. The Sup pryour anfwerit, I cam not heir as a Juge, but onelie fa-
miliarlie to talk, and thairfoir I will nether allowe nor yit condemne. Bot
gif ye lift, I will relTbne.
The 5up-pryiour. -
^hy may not the Kirk, faid he, for gude Cauifes devyis Ceremonies to decoir th6
SacramentiSy and tither Gods Service.
Jchne Knox.
Becaus the Kirk aucht to do nothing, hot in Fayth, and aucht not to go be*
foiKf bot is bound to follow the Voice of the trew Pajiour.
The Sup-pryour.
tt is in Fayth that the Ceremonies ar comandit, and they have proper Significa'
tioun to help our Fayth, as the Hardis in Baptifme fignifie the Roughna of the
Law, and the Oyle the Softnes of Gods Mercie ; and lyikwyis everie ane of the
_ Ceremonies hes a -godlie Significatioun \ and^ thairfoir they hothe proceid fiome Fayth,
and ar done into Fayth.
Johne Knox.
It is nocht ynoughe that a Man invent a Ceremonie, and then g'f a Slg-
niicatioun according to his Plelbur. For (b micht the Ceremonies of the
Gentilles, and this Day the Ceremonies of Mahomet be manteined. B< t if
ony Thing proceid frome Fajth, it moift have the Worde of G'd for the
Aflurance. For ye ar not ignorant. That Fayth cumes by hearing, and hearing
by the Word of God. Now gif ye will prove that your Ceremonies proceid
frome Fayth, and do pleis God, ye muift prove that God in exprels Wordis
has commandit thame. Or ellis fall ye nevir prove that thay proceid froine
Fayth, nor yet that thay pleis God ; bot that thay ar Sin, and <b di(pleis him^
according to the Words of the Apoftle, ^hatfoevir is not of Fayth is Sin.
S 2 The
72 ^rhe Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
The Sup-prior.
Will ye bind us fo flrayte, that we ^may do nothing without the expres Word of
God. ^hat and I afk a Drink ? Think ye that I Sin ? And yit have I not
God's Worde for me. This Anfwer gave he, as micht appeir, to fchift over the
Argumeut upoun theFrear, as that he did.
'^ohne Knox.
I wald we fould not jeft in fo grave a Matter, nether wald I that ye (buld
begin to illude the Treuthe with Sophiftrie ; and if ye do, I will defend me
the beft that I can. And firft to your drinking,! fay, that gif ye ether eat or
drink without Affurance of Goddis Word, that in fo doing ye difpleis God,
and ye finne into your verie eatting and drinking. For fayis not the Apoftle,
(peaking evin of Meit and Drink, Thzt the Creatures ar fanStifeid unto Man^
evin be the Word and be Prayer. The Word is this. All I'hingis ar cleane to the
cleane. Now lat me heir this muich of your Ceremonies, and I fall give
yow the Argument ; bot I wonder that ye compair Thingis prophane and ho-
lie Thingis fo indelTcreitlie togidder. The Queflioun was not, nor is not of
Meat or Drink, quhairinto the Kingdome of Hevin confiftis not. But the
Queflioun is of God's trew worfchipping, without the quhilk we can have
no Societie with God. And heir it is douttit, if we may tak the fame Fre-
dome in the ufing ot Chriftis Sacramentis, that we may do in eatting and
drinking. One Meat I may eat, ane uther I may refuis, and that without
Scruple of Confcience. I may change ane with ane uther, evin als oft as I
pleis, Quhither may we do the fame in Matteris of Religioun ? May we
caft away quhat we pleis, and reteane quhat we pleas.? If I be weill remem-
berit Moyfes, in the Name of God, fayis to the Pepill of Jfrael; All that
the Lord thy God comandis the to do, that do thou to the Lord thy God^ adde no-
thing to it., diminifche nothing from it. Be this Reulle, think I, that the
Kirk of Chrifl will mefure Godis Religioun, and not be that whiche feamethe
gud in thair awin Eyis.
The Sup-priour.
Forgeve me, I fpak it bot in Mowes,and I was dry. And now Father, faid he^
to the Freir, follow the Argument, ye have hard what I faid, and quhat is an-
fwerit to me agane.
Arbugkill Gray-Freir.
/ fall prove playnelie that Ceremonies ar ordaynit by God,
'Johne Knox.
Suche as God hes ordeynit we allow, and with Reverence we ufe thame.
Bot the Queftioun is of thofe that God hes not ordeyned, fiiche as in Bap-
tifme,ar Spittill, Salt, Candell, Cuid, fexcept it be to keip the Baime frome
cauld) Hardis, Oyle, and the reft of the Fapifticall Inventionis.
Arbug-
L I B. I. of Religioim in Scotland. 7 3
Arbugkill.
/ imill evin prove theis that ye damn to be ordeyned of God.
'Johie Knox.
The Pruif thairof I wald glaidlie heir,
Arbugkill.
Say'is not Saml Paull, that ane uther Fundutioun then Jefus Chrift, may no
Man by. But iipouii this Fundatioitii, finn hold Gold., Silver., and precious Stattis
fame Huy, Stubble, and IVode. The Gold, Silver, and precious Stanis ar the Ce-
remonies of the Churcke, iiuhiche do abyde the Fyre, and confumes not away &C.
This Place of Scripture is moilt playne, Cayis (he foolifche Feinde. '
Johne Knox.
I prays my God, throughe Jefus Chrift, for I find his Promeis fure, treW
and Itabill Chrift Jelus biddis us, not feir quhen we Jal be callit hefoir Men
togifConfeJfioun of his breathe; for he promeifc9, That it fal be gevin tmto iis in
that Hour, -what -jue fall fpeak. Gif I had fbcht the haill Scriptures I could
not have produced a Plaice moir proper for my Purpois, nor moir potent to
confound yow. Now ro your Argument j the Ceremoniesof the Kirk, fay ye
ar Gold, Silver and precious Stanis, becaus thay ar abill to abyid the Fyir*
Bot I wald leime of yow, quhat Fyre it is which your Ceremonies dois
abyid? And in the meinTyme, till that ye be advyifit to anfwer, twill /chaw
my Mynd, and mak an Argument againft your's upoun the fame Text. And
firft, I fay, That I have hard this Text adduced for a Prove of Purgatorie *
bot for Defence of Ceremonies I never hard, nor yit red it. But omitting
quhidder ye underftand the Mynd of the Apoftle or not, I mak my Argument
and fay. That which may abyid the Fyre, may abyid the Word of God ; bot
your Ceremonies may not abyid the Word of God : B'go, They may not
abyid the Fyrej and if they may not abyid the Fyre, then ar thpy not Gild
Silver nor precious Stones. Now if ye find any Ambiguitie in this Tearrre*
Fyre, quhilk I interpret to be the Word, find ye me ane uther Fyre, by rhe
which Things buildit upoun Chrift Jefus fb-jld be tryed then God 'and his
Wurde, whiche bothe in the Scriptures ar callit Fyre, and I tall curreft my
Argument.
Arbugkill.
tftand not thairupoun ; hot I deny your Minor j to wit, that our Ceremonies may
not abyid the Iryall of God's Wor'de.
'Juhne Knox.
I prove. That abyidis not the Tryell of God's Word, whiche God's Word
condeinneihe; bot God's Word condemnis your Ceremonies; Thairfcir, rh. y
do not abyid the Tryell thairof Bur as a Theif abyidethe the Trycl! of rhe
T Liqueift
74 The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
Inqueift, and thairby is condemned to be hangit ; evin fo may your Ceremo-
nies abyid the Tryell of Godis Word, bot not ellis. And now in few Wordis
to mak plain that quhairin ye may feim to dout, to wit, that Godis Word
damnethe your Ceremonies it is evident, for the plain and ftrayt Comande-
ment of God is, Not that T'hing which appeireth gude in thy Eyes^ fall thow do
to the Lord thy God^ hot quhat the Lord thy God hes comanded the^ that do yow }
adde nothing to it, diminifche nothing from it. Now unlefs ye be abill to prove,
that God hes comanded your Ceremonies, this his former Comandement will
damne bothe yow and thame.
The Freir fumquhat abalhed quhat firft to an{wer, quhill he wanders a-
bout in the Mift, he fallis in a foull Myrre; for alleging, that we may not be
lb bound to the Word, he affirmed, That the Apoftles had not rejfavit the Holie
Ghoft, qiihen they did wntte thair Epiftles ; hot efter thay reffavit him, and than
they did ordane the Ceremonies. Few wald have thoicht, that fo leirned a
Man wald have gevin fo foolifohe ane Anfwer ; and yit it is evin as trew, as
he buir a gray Coulle. "^ohne Knox hearing the Anfwer, ftart and faid, Gif
that he trew, I have long hein in ane Errour^ and 1 think I fall die thairintill.
The Supprior faid to him. Father, quhat fay ye ! God forbid that ye affirmethat,
for then fairweill the Ground of our Fayth. The Frier aftonied, maid the
beft Schift that he could to correal his Fault, bot it wald not be. John Knox
brocht him of it agane to the Ground of the Argument: Bot he wald ne-
vir anfu'er direfllie, bot evir fled to the Authoritie of the Church . Quhair-
to the faid Johne anfwerit, ofrer thane once, T'hat the Spous of Chrift had ne-
ther Power nor Authoritie aganis the Word of God. Then faid the Freir, Gif fo
l)e ye will leive us no Kirk. Indeed, faid the uther, in David / reid. That thair
is a Churche of the Malignantis, for he fayis, Odi ecclefiam malignantium ;
that Churche ye may have without the Word, and doing mony Ihingis dire^lie
fechting againft the Word of God; of that Churche if ye will he, I can not impede
yow. But as for me, I will he of none uther Churche, except of that which bathe
Chri/ijefus-to be thair Paftour, whiche heirs his Voice, and will not heir a Stranger.
In this Difputatioun mony uther Thingis war merilie fkoft over: For
the Freir efter his Fall could fpeik nothing to a Purpois. For Furgato-
rie he had no better Pruif, but the Authoritie of Virgil, in the fext of his
Mneiades, and the Paynes thairof to him was ane evil Wyif. How '^ohne
/iT^ox anfwerit that and mony uther Thingis, himfelfdid witnes, in a Treateis
that he did wryit in the Galayes, conteininge the Soum of his Doftrine,
and the ConfefTioun of his Fayth, and fend it to his Familiares in Scotland^
with his Exhortatioun, that thay fould continew in the Treuthe, whiche they
had profefTit, notwithf^anding ony warldlie Adverfitie that micht enfew thair-
of This muche of that Difputatioun have we inferted heir, to the Intent,
that Men may fie how that Sathan evir travellis to obfcuir the Licht ; and yit
how that God, be his Power working in his weak Vefchellis, confounds
his Craft, and difcloifes his Darknes.
Efter this the Papiflis nor Freiris had not grit Hairt of farder Difputatioun
or Reflbning, bot inventit ane uther Schift, which apeired to proceid frome
Godlines ; and it was this. Everie leirned Man in the Abbay, and in the U>
niverfitie fould preiche in the Paroche Kirk his Sonday about. The Supprior
began, followit the Official!, callit «S]!)z?/^// (Sermones penned) to oflfend no Man,
followed all the refl in thair Rankis : And fo Johne Knox fmelled out the
Craft, and in his Sermones, whiche he maid upoun the Weak Dayis, he
prayed
IB. I. of Keligwun in Scotland. 75
prayed to God, That thay fould be als bufie in preiching, quhair thair fould
be mair Mirter of it then thair was thair then, yii'uayh., (aid he, / prays
God^ that Chilli Jejus is preached^ and iiotbiiig is /aid puhluliie againji the Doc-
trine that ye have hard :, if tn my Abfens they fall [peak any Things -xhicb in wy
Pre fence thay do not, I proteft^ that ye Jufpend your Judgment y till that it pleis God
ye heir me againe.
God (o ailifted his weak Souldeour, and Co blelFit his Labouris, that nor on-
lie all thois of the Cartell, bot al(b a grit Number of the Toun openlic- pro-
feflit, by Participatioun of the Lord's Table, in the fame Puritie that now it
is miniftrate in the Kirks of Scotland^ with that fame Doftrine that he had
tauchr unto thame. Amongis quhome was he that now ether reullis or ells mill
rewUis Scotland^ to wit. Sir James Balfor^ (bmetimes callit Maifter Jamei^
the cheif and principall Proteltanr, that than was to be found in this Realme.
This we wryte, becaus that we have hard, that the lame Mr. James alleges,
that he was nevir ot this our Religioun; bot that he was brocht upe in
Murtynes Opinioun of the Sacrament, and thairfor he cannot comunicatc with
us. Bot his awin Confcience, and two hundrcth Witnefles befyidis know,
that he lies, and that he was ane of the cheif ( if he had not bein eftcr
Cuppis ) that wald have gevin his Lyif, gif Men micht credite his VVordiS,
for Defence of the Doftrine, that the (aid Johne Knox taucht. Bot albeit that
ihos that nevir war of us, ( as none of Monequhaimeis Sons have (chewed
thame(elfis to be ) deporte frame us, it is no grit Wonder : For it is proper
and natural), that the Children followe the Father ; and lat the Godlic beware
of that Race and Progenie; for if in thame be eyther Feir of God, or Love
of Vertew, farder than the prefent Comoditie perfwadis thame, Men of jLJge-
ment ar deceaved. But to returne to our Hiftorie.
The Preiftis andBiichopis inraged at all thele Proceidingis that war inSanft
Androis, ran nowupoun the Governour, now upoun the Quein, now upcun the
U'hoUe Counfaill ; and thair mychte have bein hardComplayntis andCryis,^/,/'^;/^
ar we doing ? Sail we fuffer this haill Realme to be infected with pernicious DoiHrine?
Fy tipoun yoiv, and fy upoun us. The Quein and Mai(ier d" Ofell, quho then was
a fecretis mulierum in the Court, comforted thame, and willit thame to be
quiet ; for they (buld fie Remedie ere it war longe. And (b was provin in-
ckid ; for upoun the penult of Junit apeirit in the ficht of the Cafiell of Sr.
Androis twentie ane Frenche Gallayis, with a grit Armie, the lyik quhairof
was nevir fein in that Firthe befoir. This treafbnabill Meane had the Go.
vernour, the Bifchope, the Quein, and Monfieur cPOjell, under the Appoint-
ment drawin. Bot to excufe thair Treflbne, eicht Dayis befoir, they hed
prefented unto thame ane Abfblutioun, as fent from Rome, conteining, efter
the Aggravatioun of the Cryme, this Claus, Remittimus irremijfibde, that is, \\e
remit the Cryme that cannot be remitted ; whiche confident be the maift of
the Company that was in the Caftell, Anfvver was gevin, 'That the Governour
and Counfaill of the Realme, had promeifit unto thame ane Jufficient and affured
Abfolution, which that appeired not to be ; and thairfoir culd they not deliver the
Hous, Mouther thoucht they that ony reffonabdl Man wald require thame fo to dOy
confidering that Prcmeis was not keipit unto thame. The next Day efter that the
Galayis arryved, they fummoned the Hous, whiche being denyed, becaus they
knew thame no Magif^ratis in Scotland; they prepaired for Siege. And firfi^
They began to afault by Sey, and fchot two Dayis : Bet thairof they nether
gat Advantage nor Honour j for they dang doun the Sklaittis of Houles,
T a bot
76^ The Hiflorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. L
bot nether flew Man, nor did Harme to ony Wall ; bot the Caftell handlit
thame Co that Saiiila Barbara ( the Gunneris Goddeife ) helpit thame no-
thins • for they loft mony of their Rowers, Men chayned in the Galayis, and
fum Souldiouris bayth be Sey and Land ; and farder ane Galay that aproched
neirar nor the reft, fo was doung with Cannoun, and uther Ordinance, that
fche was flopped under Water, and (b almoift drowned, and (b had bein, war
not that the reft gave hir Sucours in Time, and drew hir firft to the weft Sands,
without the Schotte of the Caftell, and thairefter to Bundle^ quhair they re-
mained till that the Governour, who was then at the Siege of Lange-ho'jpe,
came unto thame, with the reft of the Frenche Faftioun. The Siege by Land
was confirmed about the Caftell of St. Jiidrois^ the 28, Day of Julie. The
Trenches war caft, Ordinance was planted upoun the Abbay Kirk, and upoun
Sanft Sahator's College, and yit was the Stiple thairof burnt, which fo noyed
the Caftell, that nether could they keip their Block-hous, the Sey-tour Heid,
nor the weft Wall ; for in all thefe Places Men war flayne by grit Ordinance ; yea,
they mountit the Ordinance fo heiche upoun the Abbay Kirk, that they micht
difoover the Ground of the Clois in divers Places. Mairover within the Caftell
wes the Peft and divers thairin dyed, whiche mair aifrayit fom that was ihair-
in then did the externell Force without. Bot Johiie Knox was of ane uther
Tugment : For he evir (ayd, 'ihat thair corrupte Lyif could not efcaip Pun'ijh-
ment of God: And that wes his continuell Advertifment, fra the Tyme that
he was callit to preiche. Quhen thay triumphed of thair Vidorie, the firft
twentie Dayis they had mony profperous Chances, he lamented, and evir
faid They fa'w nochte quhat he jaw. When they braggit of the Force and
Thicknes of thair Wallis, he faid, They foiild be but Ege-fcheUis. When they
vanted Ingland will refl<ew us, he faid, Te fall not fee thame ; bot ye Jail he
deliverh in your Enemies Hundis, and fall be caryed unto ane ftrangeCuntrey.
Upon the penult of "Jullie at Nicht, was the Ordinance planted for the Bat-
terie fourtein Cannonis, quhairof four war Cannonis Royall, callit doubill
Cannonis befj'dis uther Feices. The Batterie began at four Houres in the
Morning, and befoir ten Houres of the Day the haill South Quarter, betwix
the Fore-Tour and the Eift Blokhous, was made (altabill. The lower Trenche
•was condemned, divers flain into it, and the Eift Blokhous was fchotte off
fra the rel^ of the Plaice betwixt ten Hours and allevin. There fell a Schour
of Rayne that continewed neir ane Hour, the lyik quhairof had feldome
bein fein ; it was fo vahement that no Man mycht abyd without a Hous •
the Cannones war left allone. Some within the Caftell war of Jugment,
that Men fould have ifched, and put all in the Handes of God j but becaus
that William Kirkcaldie was comoning with the Pryour of Cappua^ who had
the ComifTioun of that Jorney frome the King of France, nothing was inter.
pryfit, and fo was Appointment maid, and the Caftell randerit upoun Setter'
day the laft of Jullie. The Heids of the Appointment war. That the Lyves
of all within the Caftell fould be faved, alfweill Inglifche as Scottifche ; that
thay fould be favlie tranfported to France j and in caice, that upoun Conditi-
ounis that by the King of France fould be offered unto thame, they could not be
content to remane in Service and Fredome thair, they fould, upon the King of
France his Expens, be favelie convoy it to quhat Cuntrey they imald require, other
then Scotland. With the Governour they wald have nathing ado, nether yit
with anie ScottifcheMzn ; for thay had all trayterouflie betray it thame, Whiche.,
faid the Laird of Grange elder (a Man fimple, and of moil flout Courage)
/ ame
I B. I. of KcltgwHu tn Scotland. 77
/ amc afl'mcJ God w'V/ rrjetige^ or it he lavge. The Galayis, weill furnilchcd
with the Spoyll of the Caftcll foirfaid, efter ccrtane Dayis rcturnit to Frame.
And efchaiping a grit Danger, (for upun the Back of the Sands they all
chopped) they arryved firft at Felaim, and thaiiefter part up the Water of
Seqiiiu/, and lay betoir Ro-i>}anc -^ quhair the principal Gentilmen, quho luckit
for Fredome, were difperfed, and put in fundrie Prifonis ; the reft war left
in the Gallayis, and there miferablie entreatit, atnongeft quhom the foirfaid
Mr. James Balfour was, with his two Brethren Da'vU and Gilbert^ Men with-
out God ; which we write, becaus we heir that the faid Mr. Jawes^ princi-
pal! Miigyider now of Scotland^ denyis that he had aniy Thing to do with
the Caftell of St. JiiJroi.i, or yet that evir he was in the Gallayis. Then was
the Joy of the Papilts, bothe in Scotland and France^ even in full Perfeflion
for this was thair Sang of Triunnphe.
Preifi'is content yaw no--jv, Prteflis content yow now ;
For Normond and his Cumpanie hes fillit the Gallayis fow.
The Paip wrait his Lettcris to the King of France^ and (b did he to the
Governour of Scoll.ind, thanking thame hairtlie for taiking Paines to revenge
the Deithc of his kynd Creature the Cardinall of Scotland, defyrand them to
continew in thair begun Severitie, that fuch Things after fbuld not be attempt-
ed : And Co war all thofe that war deprchendit in the Cafltll, damned to
ptrpeti'ell Prifone. And fo jugit the Ungodly that cftcr that in Scotland
fouid Chrift Jefus nevir have triumphed. One Thing we can not pafs by •
From Scotland was fent ane famous Clerk, (lauche not Reader) Mr. Johne
HamHtone of Milburne, with Credite to the King of France, and unto the Car-
dinall of Lorane, and yet had nether Frenche nor Latin, and fum fay his Scot-
iifche Toung was not verie gude. The Soum of all his Negotiatioun was, that
thois of the Calieil fbuld be fcharplie handlit j in whiche Sute he was hearcl
with Favours, and was difpatched fra the Court of France with Letteris, and
grit Credite, whiche that famous Clerk forget by the "Way ; for he pafling
upe to the Craig of Dunilartane, befoir his Letteris were deliverit, he brack
his Neck ; and fb God tuk away a proude ignorant Enemie. But now to
our Hiftnrie. Thefe Thingis againf^ Promeis (bot Princes have no Fidilite
farder than for thair awin Advantage) done at Rowane, the Galayis departed
to Nances in Bartanzie, quhair upoun the Water of Lore they lay the haill
Winter.
In Scotland that Summer was nothing bot Myrthe ; for all gade with the
Preiftis at thair awin Plefure. The Caftell of St. Jncirois was rafed to the
Ground, the Blokhous thairof caft down, and the Wallis round about demo-
lifched. Quhidder this was to fiilfill thair Law, whiche comandis Places
quhair Cardinallis ar flain fb to be ufed ; or ellis for Feir that higland fbuld
have takin it, as efter they did Brochtie Craig, we remitt it to the Juge-
ment of fick as was of Counfaill.
The fam Yeir in the Begining of September enterit into Scotland ane Ar-
mie of Ten thoufand Men fi-ome Ingland by Land, and fum Schippis with Or-
dinance came by Sey. The Governour and the Bifchope heirof adverteifir
gatherit together the Forces o^ Scotland, and afTemblit at Edinburgh. The Pro'
teftour oi Ingland, with the Erie of fVar-aick, and thair Armie, remained at
Preftoioiy and about Pre/loiinpants ; for they had certane Offeris to be proponit
U unto
78 The Hijlorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. I.
unto the Nobilitie of Scotland, concerning the Promeis befbir maid by thame,
unto the whiche King Harie befoir his Deithe gentillie required thame to
ftand faft ; and if they (b wald do, of him nor of his Realme thay fbuld have
no Trubill, bot the Heipe and the Comfbrte that he could mak thame in
all Things lawful!. And heirupoun was there a Letter direft unto the Gover-
n6ur and Counlaill, which cuming to the Handis of the Bifchope of St. Jn-
dro'is, he thoucht it could not be for his Advantage, that it fbuld be divul-
gate; and thairfoir by his Craft it was fupprefled.
Upoun the Friday the Sevinth of September^ the Iiiglifche Armie marched
towards Leyth^ and the Scottis Armie marched from Ed'mlmrgh to Inereske.
The haill Scottis Armie was not afTemblit, and yet the flcirmifching begane,
for nothing was concludit but Viftory without Straik, The Proteftour, the
Erie of Warwick, the Lord 6rajy, and all the Inglifche Captanes, war playand
at Dyce : No Men war ftouter nor the Preiflis and Chanones, with thair
fhavin Crounis and black Jackes. The Erie of Warwick and the Lord Gray^
quha had the cheif Chairge of the Horsmen, perceaving the Hoft to be mo-
lefled with the Scottis Pricheris, and knowing that the Multitude war ne-
ther under Order nor Obedience, (for they war divided fra the great Army^
fent furth certane Troupes of Horfmen, and fbme of thare Borderaris, eyther
to fetchf thame, or ellis to put thame out of thare Syght, fb that they mycht
not annoy the Holi The Skarmifche grewe hot, and at lenth the Scottifhmen
gave back, and fled without gane Turne. The Cheafe continewed far, bayth
towards the Eafl: and towards the Weaftj in the whiche mony war flayne,
and he that now is Lord Home was tane, whiche was the Occafion that the
Caftell of Home was after randered to the hglifchemen. The Lofe of thefe
Men neyther moved the Governour nor yit the Bifchope his Baflard Bro-
ther, they (buld revenge the Mater weall anewch upoun the Morne ; for they
war Hands anew, (no Word of God) the Eiiglifche Heretykis they had no
Faces, they wald not abyd.
Upon the Setterday the Armyis of both Sydis' paft to array. The Engltfcle
Army talks the mydle Parte of iviw/j^i? Hill, having thare Ordinance planted
befoir thame, and having thare Schippes and two Galayis broucht as neir the
Land as Watter wald lerve. The Scottifche Army flood firft in ane reflonable
Strenth and good Ordour, having betwix thame and the EngUfche Army the
Watter of Esk (otherwyfe called MiiJJilburgh Watter.) But at lenth a Charge
was gevin in the Governour's Behalf, with Sound of Trumpett, that all Men
(buld marche forwarde, and go over the Watter. Some fay, that this was
procured by the Abbote of Dmnfermelwge, and Mr. Hew Rig^ for Prefervatioun
of Carbarry. Men of Jugment lyiked not the Jorney ; for they thoucht it
no Wifdome to leave thair Strenth. But Comandment upoun Comandment,
and Charge upoun Charge was gevin, whiche urged thame fb, that unwil-
lingly they obeyed. The Erie of Angus hem^ in theVangard, had in his Cum-
pany the Gentilmen of Fyfe^ Angus, Mernis, and the Wefl Land, with mony
utheris that of Luif relbrted unto him, and efpeciallie thofe that war Profeit
(burs of the Evangell; fijr they fupp6i(it that Ingland wald not have maid grit
Purfliit of him. He pafl: firft throuche the Watter, and arrayed his Hoft di-
reft befoir the Enemies. Followed the Erie of Hmtlie, with his Northland
Men. Laft come the Duik, haifing in his Cumpany the Erie of Argyil/, with
his awiu Freindis, and the Body of the Realme. The hglifchemen perceaving
the Danger, and how that the Scottifchemen intendit to have tane theToppe of the
Lib. I. of Rcljgioim in Scothnd. 7^
Hill, maid Haift to prevent rhcPerrell. The Lord Crjy was comandit to gif
the Chai.'ge with his Men of Armes, which he did, albeit the Armie was verie
unlyklie; lor the Erie of yliigns HoU flood even as aWall, and receaved the firft
Afl'aulters upoun the Pointis of thair Speiris (whiche war longer than thofe of
the Inglifcbewen ) Co rudclie, that fyiftie Hors and Men of the firl^ Rank lay
deid at ones, without ony Hurt done to the Scotufche Arm)', except that the
Speiris of the former two Ranks war brokin ; which Dilcomfiture receaved,
the refl of the Horfmen fleade, yea, fum part beyond Faj'y'id Hill. The Lord
Gray himfelf was hurt in the Mouthe, and plancly denycd to chairge aganc;
for he (aid, // Is alyik to rime agahift am J J' all. The Galayis and the Schipis
(and fb did the Ordinance planted upoun the mydle HillJ Ichotte terriblie •
bot the Ordinance of the Galayis fchuitting longis the Scotth Army frayed
thame grettumlie. And quhill that everie Man laubouris to draw from the
Northe, from quhence the Danger appeired, they begin to reill, and with that
war the/;4?/'y?/YFutemen merching fordward, albictllimof thair Horfinen war
upoun the Flycht. The Erie of Angus Armie flood (till, luiking that ether rhe
Erie of HuntUe^ or the Duke, f()uld have recountercd the nixt Battell • but they
had decreed, that the Favourers of Inghmd, and the Heretyikis (as the Frciftis
called thame^ and the Inglifchemen fbuld parte it betwix thame for that Day.
The Fear ryfis, and at ane Infl;ant thay whiche befoir war Viciours, and
war not yit aflaulted with ony Force, except with Ordinance, as (aid is, caff
from thame thair Speirs and fledj Co that Godis Power was fb evidentlie lene,
that in ane Moment, yea^ at ane inftant Tyme, bothe the Armeis war fie-
ing. The Schoute came frome the Hill, from thefe that hoped no Viftorie
upoun the Inglifch Parte; the Schoute ryfis, we (ay, Tbey flie^ they flie : But
at the firft it could not be beleved, till at the laft it was clearlie (ene, that
all had gevin Backis, and then began the cruell Slauchter, whiche was
gritter by RefTone of the late Difpielbur of the Men of Armes. The Chafe
and Slauchter lefted till neir Edinburgh upoun the ane Parte, and be-weft LaL
keythe upoun the uther.
The Number of the Slayne upoun the iScottes Syid, war nye Ten thoufand
Men judged. The Erie of Binitlie wns taikin and caryit to London: Bot he
relevit himfelf, being Suirtie for mony Ranfbmes, Honeftlie or Unhoneftlie,
we knaw not, bot as the Bruit was, he u(ed Policie with Inglvid. In that
fame Battel was (layne the Maifter of Er skin ^ deirlie belovit of the Quein : For
quhome fche maid grit Lamentatioun, and bure his Deythe mony Dayis in
Mynd. When the Certaintie of the Difcomfitour came, fche was in Ed'm-
lurghe^ abydding upoun Tyddingis. Bot with Expeditioun fche poiftit that
lame Nycht to Str'mling^ with Moiifieur D'Ofell^ who was als fleid as ane Fox
quhen his Hoillis fmoiked. And thus did God tak the fecound Revenge upoun
the perjured Govemour, withe fuche as afTiftit him to defend arc injuft Quar-
rel! ; Albeit mony Innocents fell amongis the middes of the Wicked. The
Inglifche Armie came to Leyth^ and thair takin Ordour with thair Prefoners
and Spoyle, they returned with this Viftorie, whiche thay luikit not for, to
Ingland. That Winter following war grit Hearfchippis maid upoun all the
Borders of Scotland, Erochtie Craig was tane be the Inglifchnen, befeagit be
the Governour, bot (till keipit; And at it was flayne Gauane, the befl of
the Haumihonnis, and the Ordinance left. Quhairupoun the Inglifkmen incurag-
ed, began to fortifie upoun the Hill above Brcdtie Hous, whiche was callit,
The Fort o/Brochtie, and was very noy(bum to DundiCy whiche it bruht and
U a layd
8o The Hi/lorie of the Reformatioun Lib. L
layd wafte ; and To did it the maift Parte of Angus that was not aflured,
and under Freindfchip with thame.
That Lanetrane following was Hadingtoun fortify ed by the Inghfhmeti : The
moft Parte of Laut hi ane, from Edinburgh Eift, was ether afllired or laid waift.
Thus did God plague in every Quarter. Bot Men war Blind, and wald not,
nor could not confidder the Caus. The Lairds Ormilioun and Btounftoun war
■ banifched, and efrer forfatted, and Co war all thois of the Caftell of St. An-
drois. The fure Rnawledge of the Trubillis of Scotland cuming to FrancCy
thair was prepaired ane ' Navye and Armie. The Navy was fuch as nevir
was fein to cum fra France for the Supporte of Scotlande ; for befyidis the
Gallayis, being than Twentie twa in Number, they had Thrie (coir grit
Schipis, befydis Vittalleris. How (one lb evir they tuke the plaine Seyis, the
Read Lyoun of Scotland wzs difplayed, and thay haldin as Rebellis unto France^
(^fuche Folic ie is no FalfJjoode in Princes) for gude Peice ftude betwix France and
Ingland. And the King of France approved nothing that they did. The
cheif Men to quhome the conducting of that Armie was comitted, war
Monfieur Dandelote, Monfieur de Termes, and Peir de Strois. In thair Jorney
they maid fum Heirlcheip upoun the Coift of Ingland, bot it was not greit.
They arryved itl Scotland in May anno i 549. The Galayis did vifite the Forte
of Brochtie, bot did no moir at that Time. Preparatiounis war maid for the
Seige of Haddingtoun, bot it was another Thing that thay meint, as the If-
chew declaired. The whole Bodie of the Realme alTemblit, the Form of a
Parliament was fett to be haldin thair, to wit, in the Abbay of Haddingtoun.
The principall Held was, the Mariage of the Princefs (by thame befoir con-
tracted to King Edward) to the King of France, and of hir prelent Deliverie,
be relTone of the Danger that (che ftude into,by the Invafioun of our auld Ene-
mies of Ingland. Sum war corrupted with Buddis, dim decevit by flattering
Promeifes, and fum for feir war compellit to content j for the Frenche Soul-
dearis war the Officiaris of Armes in that Parliament, The Laird of Bal-
cleuch a bludie Man, with mony Goddis Woundis, fwore, They that wald not
confent Jottld do war. The Governour gat the Ducherie of Chattellarault, with
the Ordour of the Cokle, with a full Difchairge of all IntromifTiounis with
King 'James the Fyift his Treafure and Subftance quhatfbevir, with Poffefli-
oun of the Caftell of Dumbartane, till that Ilchew fould be fein of the Queinis
Body. With thos and utherConditiounis ftude he content to fell his Soverane furth
of his awin Handis, whiche in the End will be his DeftruCtioun ; God thair-
by punifching his former Wickitnes, gif fpedie Repentance prevent not Godis
Tugmentis, whiche we hairtlie wifche. Huntelie, Argyill, and Angus war lyik-
wys maid Knychtis of the Cockle ; and for that and uther gude Deidis refla-
vit, thay fauld alfo thair Parte. Schortelie, none was found to refift that in-
iuft Demand. And fo was fche fauld to go to France, to the End, that in
hir Youth, fche fbuld drink of that Likur that fbuld remain with hir all hir
Lyfe tyme for a Plague to this Realme, and for her finall Deftruftioun. And
thairfoir, albeit that now a Fyre cumis out from hir, that confumis mony, lat
no Man wonder, fche is Godis Hand, in his Difplefbur, punifching our former
Ingratitude. Lat Men patientlie abyid, and turne unto thair God, and then
fall he eyther deftroy that Hure in hir Whuredome, or ellis he fall put it in
the Hairtis of a Multitude to tak the fame Vengeance upoun hir that hes bein
tane ofjefahell and At halia, yea and of utheris of quhome prophane Hiftories
mak mentioun,for gritter Abhominatioun was iifivir in the Nature of ony Wo-
man
Lib. I. of Rcligiotintn Scotland. 8 1
man than is in hir, quhairof we have but fein onlie the Buds, but we will
cfter tairt of the ryip Frure of hir Impitie, if God cutte not hir Dayis fchorr.
But to returnc to our Hiltorie.
This Conclufioun takin, That our Quein, bot farder Delay, fould be deliveric
to France, the Seige continewis, grit fchuitting, bot no aflaulting, and yit they
had fair Occafioun offered unto thame ; For the higlifmen approcheing to the
Toun, for the comforting of the befeigit, with Pouder, Vittuallis, and Men
loiTit an Armie of fex thousand Men. Sir Robert Bo'juis was tane, and the*
mairt Parte of the Borderers was eyther takin or flain. And fb mycht the
Toun juftly have defpirit of ony farder Succouris to have bein luikit fijr. Bot
yit it held gude ; for the Ibuc Courage and prudent Government of Sir Jamei
rVolfmde Generall, quho (b encouraged the haill Captanes and Souldean^ that
thay determined to die upoun the Walls. Bot trome theTyme that the Frenche-
men had gottin the Bone, for the whiche the Do^^e barked, the Purfuite of the
Toun was flaw. The Seige was rayfit, and (che was convoyed by the Weft
Seyis to Frame, with four Galayis and (um Schipis. And Co the Cardinal of
Lorane gat hir in his keiping ; a Morfell, I aflure yow, meit for his awirt
Mouth.
We omit mony Thingis that occurrit in this Tyme, as the fitting down
of the Schipe, callit, The Cardinal!, the faireft Schippe in France betwix St.
Colmes Inch and Craiimonci, without ony Occalioun, except Negligence for
the Day was fair, and the Wedder calme, bot God wald Ichaw that the Coun-
trey o( Scotland C2in beir naCardinalls. In this Tyme alio was thair ane Com-
batte betwix the Galayis and the higVis Schippis. They fchotte franklie a quhille
Ane Inglifche Schippe tuk Fyre, or ellis the Galayis had cumit fchort Home
and, as it was, they fled without Mercie till that they war above St. Co/me*
Inche, the Captanis left the Galayis, and tuk a Forte maid upoun the Inche
for thair Defence ; bot the IngUfcke Schippis maid no Perfute, except that thay
brunt the Cardinal!, quhair that fche lay, and fo the Galayis and the Galay-
men did bothe efchaip.
Ordour was takin, that nixt September, fum Galayis fould remain in Scot-
land^ and that the reft fould retourne to France, as that thay did all, except
one, that was takin by ane hgUfche Schip, (by ane Englifche Schip onlie we
(ay ) as that thay war pafTing betwix Lover and Calyce.
That Winter remainit Monfieur de Termes in Scotland, with the Bandis of
Frenche Men ; they fortifyed Imerejk^ to ftay that the Inglifche Men fould
not invaid Edinburgh and Leythe. Sum Skirmilches ther war betwix the one
and the uther, bot no notable Thing done, excepte that the French Men had
almoift taikin Haddingtoun ; the Occafioun quhairof was this.
The French Men thinking thamfelfis more then Maifters in all Partis ot
Scotland, and in Edinburgh principallie, thoucht they could do no Wrang to
no Scotifch Man J for a certane French Man deliverit ane Culverang to
George Tod Scottis Mari, to be ftockit, quho bringing it throw the Streit, ane
vither French Man clamed it, and wald have reft it fra the (aid George ■ boc
he refifted, alleging, that the Frenche Man did Wrang : And fa began Par-
ties to aflemble, alfweill to the Scottifche Man as to the Frenche-, fo that
two of the Frencle Men war ftruckin down, and the reft chaifled, from the
Croce to the Nudryes Wyind Heid. The Prcjveift being upoun the Streit, ap-
prehendit two of the Frenche Men, and was carying thame to the Tolbuyth :
Bot frome Monfieur ^'£#^xLugeingand Clois, ifchit f\ixi\[Q Frenche Men, to*
X the
82 The Hi/iorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. I.
the Number of thrie (coir Perfbnis, with drawin Swords, and refifted the
(aid Froveift. Bot yit the Toun aiTembling repulfit thame, till that they came
to the Neyther-bow, and thair Monfieur la Cbappell, with the haill Bandis of
Frenche Men in Armes, rencunterit the Froveift, and violentlie repulfit him,
( for the Toun was without Weaponis for the maift Parte ) and maid Inva-
fioun upoua all that they met. And firft in the Throte of the Bow war flayne,
David Kirk and David Barbour ^ being at the Proveiftis Baclc, and thairefter
was flayne the laid Froveift himfelf, being Laird of Steimous and Captane of
the Caftell, James Haumiltoim his Sone, William Chapman a godlie Man, Mr.
Walter Stewart^ IVilliam Pitrves, and a Woman named Elizabeth Stewart ; and
thairefter taryit within the Toun by Force,frome fyve Hours, till efter fevin at
Nycht and tlian retyred to thair Canongait, as to thair Receptacle and Re*
fuge.
The whole Toun, yea, the Governour and Nobilltie comoved at the Un-
worthines of this bald Attempt, cravit Juftice upoun the Malefaftors, or ells
they wald tak Juftice of the Haill. The Quein craftie ancuche, Monfieur dt
Effie and Monfieur dVfell labourit for Pacificatioun, and did promeis,77'tz/ im~
lefs the Frenche Men by thamefelfis allone fuld do fuche ane Acf^ as niicht recom-
tens the JVrang that they had done^that than thay foud not refiiisJ->ot that Juftice foitld
he executed upoun thame to the Rigour. Theis fair Wordis pleifit our Fuillies,
and lb war the Frenche Bands the nixt Nicht dire61ed to Hadingtoun^ to the
whiche they approched a little etter Midnich, ^o fecreitlie, that they war ne-
vir elpyed, till that the former war within the Ba(s Court, and the haill Cum-
pany in the Churche Yaird, not twa Pair of Buttis Lenthis diftant from the
Toun. The Inglifche Souldearis war all alleip, except the Watch, whiche was
Iklender and yit the Schout ry'iks^ Bowes and Billis ! Bowis and Billis! whiche
is a Significatioun of extreim Defence, to avoyd the prefent Danger in all
Tounes of Ware. The affrayed aryifes, Weaponis that firft came to Hand
(erve for the Neid : One amongeft mony came to the Eift Porte, quhair lay
twa grit Peices of Ordinance, and quhair the Enemies war knawin to be,and
cryis to his Fellowis that war at the Yet making Defence, Ware befoir. And
fb fyres a grit Peice, and thairefter ane uther, whiche God Co conduced, that
efter thame was no firder Perfuit maid ; for the Bulletis redoundit frome the
Wall of the Frear Kirk, to the Wall of St. Catherenis Chapell, whiche flude
direft foment it, and fra the Wall of the laid Chapell, to the Wall of the (aid
Kirk agane Co oft, that thair fell moe then ane hundrethe of the Frenche Men,
at thefe two Schottis onelie. They fohotte oft, but the Frenche Men reteired
with Diligence, and returned to Edinburghe, without Harme done, except the
Diftruftioun of fum drinking Beir, whiche lay in the (aids Chapell and Kirk:
And this was Satisfaftioun more than aneughe for the Slaughter of the (aid
Captane, and Froveift, and for the Slauchter of (iiche as war (lain with him.
This was the Begginning of the Frenche Fruites.
This Winter, in the Time of Chriftinmesy was the Caftle of Home recoverit
frome the Inglijche Men, by the Negligence of the Captain named Dudelie,
This Winter alio did the Laird ot Rathe moift innocentlie fufl^er,and efter was
foirfalted, becaus that he wrait a Bill to his Sone "Johne Mehill, who then
was in Ingland^ whiche was alleged to have bein found in the Hous of Ormi~
ftoun : But mony fufpe6led the Paukes and Craft of Kmiane Cokburne, now
caHit Capetane Rw^yefl??^, to quhome the (aid Letter was deliveritj bot how(b-
evi|: it was, they cruell Beiftis, the Bifchope of St. Androis and Abbote of
Dumefermeling
Lib. I. of Rcligiounin Scotland. 83
Dnniefcniidiiig, ceafir not, till'that the Heid of the faid Nobillman was Itricken
frome himi tipeciallie becaus that he was knawin to be anc that unfeinyiedlie
favoured the Treuthc of Godis Word, and was a grit Freind to thois that war
in theCallill of St. Aiu^rois ; of quhois Deliverance, and of Goddis wondrous
Working with thame during the Time of thair Bondage, we man now
ipeik, Icift that in fupprefling lb notable a Work of God, we micht juaiic be
accufit of Ingratitude.
And fillip The Principallis being put in fundrie Houfcs, as befjir we
have (aid, greit Lalouris war maid to mak thame havea gude Opinioun of
the Mefs, hot cheiflie Travell was taikin upoun Nonuound Leflie, the Laird
of Giaiigc, and the Laird of PitmUIie^ who war in the Caftili of Sheri/loiirghe
that thay wald cum to the Mefs with the Captane, who anfwerit That the
Captain had Comaiidmeiit to keip thair Bodies, tot he had lio Fo-^er to comand
thair Co nf deuces. The Captane reply ed, 'Jhat he had Po-iijer to comand and to
compell thame to go whair he geid. Thay anfwerit, That to go to ony lawfiill
Plaice --Jiith him, they wald not refiiis j hot to do ony T'hing^ which -joas agaiiiji
ihair Coi/fcience,they wa'dnot, neyther for him, nor yit for the King. The Cap-
tane faid, IVill ye not go to the Mefs ? They anfwerit. No; ana gif ye wald
compell lis, yit will we difpleis yow farder ; for we fall fo ufe oitrfeljis thair, that alt
thof that ar prefent fall know, that we difpyte it. Thefe fame Anfwers and fum-
quhar (chairper, William Kirkcaldie, Peter Carmichell, and fuche as war with
thame in Mont Sanft Michell, gave to thair Captane : For they (aid They
Kcild not onelie hear Mefs every Day, hot that they wold helpe to fay it provydin?
that thay micht ftick the Preifiis, or ellts thay wald not. Mr. Henry Balnaveis
who was in the Cartel! of Rowen, was maift (chairpelie aflaulted of all • for
becaus he was jugit leirned ( as he was, and is indeid ) rhairfoir leirned'Men
war appointit to travell with him, with \\ home he had mony Conflit^es. Bot
God fo evir aflifled him, that thay departit confoundit, and he by the Power
of Godis Spreit, remained conftant in the Treuth and Profefliioun of the
lam, without ony wavering or deciyning to Idolatrie. In the Prefoun h»
wrait a maift profitabill Treatife of Jii/iificationn, and of the JVarks and Con'
lerfatioitn of a jiiftifyed Man ; but how it was fuppreflit we knaw not. Thefe
that war in the Galayis war threatnit with Torments, gif thay wald not eif
Reverence to the Mefs; for at certane Tymes the Mefs was faid in the Ga-
layis, or ellis hard upoun the Schore in Prefence of the Forfaris bot they culd
nevir mak the pureft of that Cumpany to giv Reverence to that IdoJle • yea
when upoun the Sattirday, they fang thair Sahe Kegina, the haiil Scottis Men
put on thair Capis, thair Hoodis, or fuche Thingis as thay had to cover thair
Heidis ; and when that utheris war compellit to kifsa painted Brodde whiche
they callit, Noftre Lame, they war not prealled efter ones ; for this was the
Chance. Sone efter thair Arryvell at Nances, thair grit Salve was fung, and
a glorious painted Ladie was brocht in to be kifrit,and amongefl utheris was pre-
fented to one of the Scottis Men then chainyeid. He gentillie faid, Trnble
tne not-, fuche ane Idolle is accirrfit; and thaiifoir I will not iitiche it. The
Patrone, and the Arguefyn, with two Officiers, having the cheifChairge of all
fuche Matters, faid, Thcw fall handle it. And fo they violentlie thruift it to
his Faice, and pat it bctwix his Hands, who feing the Extremitie, tuke the
Idolle, and advyf tlie luiking about, he caift it in the Rever, and faid, Lat
cur Ladie now fave hirfelf; fche is lycht anetiche, lat hir kirne lo f%yme. Efter
that was no icotiis Man urgit with that Idolatrie.
X 3 Thefe
84 The Hiftorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. L
Thefe ar Thingis that appeir to be of no gritte Importance, and yit gif we
do rightlie confider, they exprefs the (am Obedience, that God requyred of
his Pepill Ifraell^ quhen that thay fould be carryed to Babilon ; for he gave
Chairge unto thame, that when thay (buld fie the Babylomanes worfthip their
Gods of Gold, Silver, Mettell and Woode, that thay fould fay. The Gods that
have not maid the He'mms and Eirthe Jail perifche from the Heivin, and out of
the Eirthe : That Confeffioun gave that whole Number, during the Tyme of
thair Bondage, in the which, wald God, they had continewed in thair Fre-
dome; for then had not Maimer James Balfour bein Official], neyther yit borne
a Kape, for Plefbur of the Bifchope. Bot to proceid, the faid Mr. James
and Johne Knox being intill one Gallay, and being wondrous familiair with
him, wald oft Tymes afk his Jugment, Gif he thoicht that evir they fould be
deliver it? Whofe Anfwer was ever, fra the Day that thay enterit into the
Gallayis, That God wald deliver thame frome that Bondage^ to his Glorie evin
in this Lyif And laying betwix Dundie and Sanft Jndrois, the fecound
Tyme that the Galayis arrived to Scotland^xhe faid JohmKnox being fb extremly
feik, that few hoiped his Lyif; the faid Maifler James willit him, to luik to
the Laud, and afhed him, if he knew it ? Who anfwerit, Tis, I knaw it weil-,
for I fie the Steiple of that Plaice, quhair God firft oppinit niy Mouth in public
to his Glorie, and I ame fullie perfxadit, how waik thut evir I now appeir, that I
fall not depart this Lyif, till that my Toung fall glorifie his godlie Name in the
fame Plaice. This reported the faid Mr. James, in Prefens of mony famous
WitnefTes, mony Yeirs befoir that evir the faid johne fet his Fure in Scotland,
this laft Tyme to preiche.
William Kirkcaldie then of Grainge younger, Petir Carmichill, Robert and
William Lejlies, quho war altogether in Mont St. Michell, wrait to the faid
Johne, asking his Counfaill, Gif they micht with faif Confcience braik thair Pre-
faun ? Whofe Anfwer Was, That gif without the Bluide of any fched, or fpilt
by thame for thair Deliverance, they micht fet thamefelfis at Fredome, that they
micht favelie tak it ; bot to fched ony Manis Bluid for thair Fredome, thairto he
wald nevir confent. Adding farder, T'hat he was affurit that God wald deliver
thame and the reft of that Cumpanie, evin in the Eyies of the Warld^ but not
be fuche Meanis as we had luikit for, that was by the Force of Freindis, or by
thair uther Labours. By fuche Means he affirmed they fould not be deliver-
ed, but that God wald work fb in the Deliverance of thame, that the Prais
thajrof fould redound to his Glory only ; he willed tharefbir that everie ane to
tak the Occafioun that God has offered unto thame, provyding that they did
nothing againft God's exprefs Comandement for the Deliverance of thame-
felfis. He was the more earnefl in geving his Counfaill, becaus that the auld
Laird of Grange and uthers repugned to thair Purpois, fearing leafl that the
efchaping of the uthers fould be ane Occafioun of thair worle Intreatment :
Whairunto the faid Johne anfwered, T'hat fuch Feir proceided not from Codis
Spreite, but frome a blind Luif of the Self; and thair foir that no gude Purpois
was to be flayed for Thingis that war in the Handis and Power of God. And
added. That in one Inftant God had deliverit all that Cumpanie into the Handis of
unfaythfull Men, but fo wald he not releve thame, but fum wald he deliver by
one Meanes, and at one Time, and utheris muji abyid for a Seafone upoun his
gude Plefour. This Counfall in the End was embraced upoun the Kingis
Evin, quhen Frenchemen comounly ufe to drink liberaliie. The fbirfaid four
Perfonis having the Heipe and Condufiing of a Boy of the Hous, band all
' " ' thofe
Lib. I. of Rcligioim in Scotland. 85
thofe that war in the Caftcll, put thame in fundrie Houfes, loked the Dures
upoun thame, tukc the Keyis from the Captane, and dcpairted without Harnie
done to the Pcrfone of ony, or without tvviching of ony Thing that apper-
teined to the King, the Captane, or the Hous.
Create Searche was maid throw the haill Cuntrcy for thame ; but it waS
God's gude Plefour fo to condui?l thame, that thay cfchapcd the Handis of
the faythles, albeit it was with long Travel!, and great Pane, and Poverty
fulbancd ; for the French Boy left thame, and tuk with the fmall FoCc that
they had : And Co neyther having Money, nor the Knowlege of the Cuntry-
and farder fearing Icaft the Boye fbuld delcryve thame, as that in very Deid
he did, they tukPurpofe to devide thamefelfis, to change thair Garments, and
to go in fundrie Partes ; the two Brethren Rohrt and IViU'unii Lcflies, (quho
now ar become, the faid Robert efpeciallie. Enemies to Jedis Chrift and to all
VertewJ came to Rowaue. JVilliam Kirkcaldte and Pci'ir CarmicheU in Beggaris
Garment came to Coiiqiiet^ and by the Spaice of twelf or thretrein Weakes
they travellit as pure Mariners frome Porte to Porte, till, at Jenthe, they gat
^neFreuche Schippe, and landed in theWefte, and from thence came xo IvglauJ^
where they mett befoir thame the faid JoI:i:e KnoXy who that fam Winter was
delivered and Alexander Clerk in his Cumpany.
The faid John was firrt appointed Preicheour to Berwick^ then to Newcaftell^
laft he was called to Londone^ and to the South Partes of England^ whair he
remaned to theDeithe oC^mz^Ed-v^ard the Sext. When he left England^ thea
part: he to Geneva^ and thair remaned at his privy Study, till that he was cal-
led by the //ig///?/-d' Congregatioun that than was airembllt at Franfffiirde^ to
be Preicheour to thame ; which Vocatioun he obeyed, albeit unwillinglie, at
the Gomandemenc of that notable Servand of God /"/'W Cahine. At Franff-
fiirde he remaned till that fun\ of the Leirned, whofe Names we fuppres,
more gevin to unprofitable Ceremonies than to Sinceritie of Religioun, began
to querell with the faid Johne ; and becaus they defpaired to prevaill befoir
the Magiftrate thair, for the ef^ablifching of thair Corruptiounis, they accufed
him of Treafbne comittcd againft the Emperour, and againfl thair Soveraigne
Quein Maree^ that in his Admonitioun to Inglwd he called the ane litill in-
feriour to Nero^ and the uther more cruell than Jefcihell. The Magiftrate per-
ceaving thair Malice, and fearing that the faid Johne fould fall in the Handis
of his Accufators, by one Meane or other gave Adverteifement fecreitlie to
him to departe thair Cietie ; for they could not fave hini if he war requyr-
cd by the Emperour, or by the Quein of Inland in' the Emperour's Name;
and fb the faid Johne returned to Geneva^ from thence to Deape^ and thairefter
to Scotland^ as we fhall efter hear.
The Time and that Winter that the Gallayis remained \n Scotland, war de-
livered Mr. James Balfour, his two Brethren David and Gilbert, Johne Auch'm-
ieck, Johne SibhaU, Johne Gray, Will/am Guthrie and Stephin Bell. The Gentil-
men that remained in Prefbunes war, by the Procurement of the Quein Dowa-
ger to the Cardinal! of Lorayne, and to the King of France, fet at Libertie ill
the Moneth of Jidii, anno i jjo, who fchortly thairefter wer called hame to
Scotland, thair Peace proclamed, and they thamefelfis reftored to thair Lands,
in Defpyte of thair Enemies ; and that was done in Haitrent of the Duke,
becaus that then France had begun to thrift to have the Regiment of Scotland
in thair awin Handis. Howfbevir it was, God made the H-^irts of thair Ene-
mies to fett thame at Libertie and Fredome. Thare refted a Number of co-
Y moun
8 6 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
moun Servants yit in the Galayis, who war all delivered vipoun the Contraft
of Peace that was maid betwix France diwdi Ingland^ efter the taking of Bul-
to>i ; and (o was the whole Cumpanie fet at Libertie, none perifching, no not
before the Warld, except James Melvell^ who departed from the Miferie of
this Lyif in the Cartel! of Birft in Bartaneyea. This we wryt to I at the
Pofteritie to cum underftand how porentlie God wrocht, in preftrving and
delivering of thofe that had but a fmall Knawlege of his Truthe, and for the
Love of the {am hazarded all; that if eyther we now in our Dayis, having
griter Lycht, or our Pofteritie that fall follow us, fall fie ane feirfull Difperfi-
oun of fuch as oppone thamefelfis to Impietie, or tak upoun thame to pu-
nifche the fame uthervvyis than Laws of Men will permitte; gif we, I lay,
or they fall fie fuche left of Men, yea, as it war, defpyifit and punifched of God ;
yet let us not condeme the Perfbnis that punifche Vyce, and that for juft Caus;
nor yit difpair, but that the fame God that deje61:is for Caufis unknawin to us,
will rais up agane the Perfbnis dejefted to his Glory and thair Comforte.
And to lat the Warld underftand, in plain Termes, what we mein, that
greit Abufar of this Comoun-welthe, that Pultroun, and vyle Knaif /)(2wV was
juftlie punifched the Nynte of Meirche in the Yeir of God 156/, for abuifing
of the Comoun-welthe, and for his uther ViUianie, whiche we lift not to ex-
prefs, by the Counfaill and Handis of James Douglas Erie of Mortoiiii, Patrick
Lord Lhidefay^ and the Lord Riiihve)?, with utheris AfTiftars in thair Cumpa-
nie, who all, for thair juft Aft, and maift Worthe of all Prais, ar now un-
worthilie left of thair Brethren, and futfer the Bitternefs of Banifchement
and Exyll. But this is our Hope in the Mercies of our God, that this fam
blind Generatioun, whether it will or not, fill be compelled to fee that he
will have Refpeft to thame that are injuftlie perfewit ; that he will apardone
thair former Offences; that he will refiore them to the Libertie of thair Cun-
trey and Comoun-welthe agane, and that he will punifche, in Defpyte of Men,
the Heid and the Taill that now truble the Juft, and mainteinis Impieties,
The Heid is knawin ; the Taill hes twa Branches. The Temporal! Lordis
that manteinis hir Abominatiounis, and her flattering Counfaillars, blafphe-
mous Balfour^ now called Clerk of Regifter, Sinclair Dean of Rcftalrige and
Bifchope of Bricbeu, blind of ane Eye in the Bodie, bot of bothe in the
Saull, upoun quhome God efter fchortly tuke Vengeance, Le/Iie
Preifiis Geit Abbot of Liiudoiris and Bifchope of Rois^ Swrmme Preftoime of
CraigmiUar, a right Epicuriane, whofe End will be, or it be lang, according
to thair Warkis. Bot now to returne to our Hiftory.
HacJingtoim being keipit, and muche Heirfthipe done about in the Cuntrey,
('for what the Inghfchmeii deftroy£,d not, that was confumed by the Frenchmen^
God begynis to fecht for Scotland : For in the Toun he fent a Peft Co con-
tagious, that with grit Difficulty could thay have thare Deid buryed. They
war oft refrefched with new Men, bot all was in vane. Hunger and Peft
within, and the Perfute of the Enemie with a Campe w/^wf lay about thame,
and interceptit all Viftuellis, except when they wer brocht by ane Convoy
frome Berwick, Co conftrayned thame that the Counfaill of lijgland was com-
pellit in Spring Tyme, to call thare Forces frome that Plaice. And fb fpoi-
lyeing and burning flim Parte of the Toun, they left it to be occupyit to
fiKbe asfirft fbuld tak PoffefTioun, and thos war {he Frenchemen, with a meane
Number of the ancient Inhabitants ; and fb did God perfbrme theWordis and
Threatning of Maifter George Wifckart, who faid, Tbat for thair Contempt of
God's
Lib. I. of Rcligwim m Scotland. 87
Go.-ts Meffuigei-y they foiiU he -vifiteJ with S'xcrcfe^ and Fyic, -xitb Peftileme^
Starnger'u and Fa)i>mc; Whiche all they fande in fuchc Ptrfcctioun, that to
this Day yit, that Toun has neyther recoverit the former Bewtie, nor yit
Men of fuche Wifedom and Abihty, as tharlc did inhabit it.
Hcircfter was Peicc contracted betvvix Fiance^ IngLiiid and Sioibi/d}, yea
a (ever all Peice was contra6lit betwix Scotland and Flanders togithcr with all
the Eajierlingis. So that Scotland had Peice with the Warld. Bot yit wald
their Bilchopis mak War ac;ainft God : F'or how fone that evir they c,at ony
Qil^ctnes, they apprehendit /Jdaiii fVullue (alias F^an) a fimple Man without
o^ grit Leirning, bot ane that was zealous in Godlincs, and of ane uprycht
Lyif. He, with his Wyt Beatrix Levii?g/ioii, frequented the Ciimpany of the
'Ladie OrmilfoiDi, tor Inftructioun of hir Children, during the Trublc of hir
Hufband, who then was banilched. This Baftard, callit Bilchopc of San(5l
Androisy tuk the (aid Adame furthe of the Plaice of JVjntoiui^ Men fuppoific
that thay thocht to have npprehendit the Laird, and caryed him lo Ediiiho gbc^
quhair efrer certane Dayis he was prefentit to Jugment in the Kirk of the
Back Theavis, alias Frearis, befoir the Duke, the Erie of Hnntlie^ and divers
utheris bef)-dis. The Bilchopis and thair Rab;ll they began to accuis him
{Mr. Job lie Lawder was AccufatourJ That he tuk upoiin him to preiche. He an-
fvv^Ted, ' That he nevir judged himfelf worthie of (b excellent a Vocatioun,
* and thairfore he nevir tuk upaun him to preiche ; bot he wald not deny, bot
* fume tymes at the Table, and Turn tymes in fum uther privie Plaices he
* wald reid and had red the Scriptures, and had ^evin fick Exhortation as
* God had pieifit to gif to him, to fuche as pleifit to heir him.' ' Kn.^.iv, quoth
* ane^ What have ye to do to meddle with the Scriptures ?' ' I think, [aid he,
* it IS the Dewtie of everie Chriftiane, to feik the Will of his God, and the
* Affurance of his S^lvatioun where it is to be found, and that is within hi$
' Auld and New Teftament. ' ' What than, yl//Wi?//c'///Zw, fall we lei ve to the
* Bilchopis and Kirkmcn to do, gif everie Man (all be ane Babler upoun the
* BybiU.^' 'It beindetheyow, (aid he, to fpeikmoir reverentlie ofG:.d,and of
* his blelTit Word : Gif the Juge war incorrupte, he wald punifche yow, for
* your Blafphemie. Bot to your Quel^ioun, I an(v\er. That albeit that ye and
* I, and uther fyve thoufand within this Realme, (culd reid the Byble, and
* fpeik of it quhat God fould gif us to (peik, yit left we moir to the Bilchopis to
* do nor ayther they will or yit can Weill do j for we leif to thame publictlie to
* preiche the Evangell of Jelus Chrill, and to feid the Flocke whiche he harh
* redeimed by his awin Bluid, and hes comandit the (ame to the Care of all
' trew Pal^ours. And quhen we leive this unto thame, me think, we leif
* to thame ane heavic Burdein ; and that we do unto' thame no wronge, al-
* thocht we feirche our awin Salvatioun quhair it is to be found, confidtring
* that thay ar bot doum Dogges, and unfavorie Salt, that has altogither loift
' the Sealone.' The Biichopis heirat offended, (aid, ^dat Pratting is this ?
Lut his Accufatioun be red. And then was begun, Fals Traitoiir, Heretyick j
thow bapterfit thy aiuin Bairne; tho-isa [aid, Thair is no Piirgatorie ; Thow faid^
That to pray to ianHis, and for the deid, is Idolatrie, and a vane Siiperflitioun,Uc.
What ftyis thow to thefe Thingis. He anfwerit, Gif I fould he hound to an-
f-wer, I licald reqr.ir ane uprycht and indifferent Juge. The Erie of Huntelie diC-
danefuUie ftid, Fcclifche Man, Will thcw defyre ane uther Juge nor my Lord
Duke's Graice grit Gcvernour of Scotland, and my Lordis the Bifchopis, and the
Clergie heit frefent. Quhairto he an(v,'erif, Ihe Bifchopis can be no Jvges to wf,
Y 2 for
88 The Hijlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
for they ar opp'tn Enemies to me and to the Dolir'me that I profes. And as for my Lord
DukyI can not tell gif he hes the Knaiiokge that fitld be in him that fuld juge and de-
cerne het-mx Lies and the Treuthe^ the hventioim of Men and the trew worfchip-
ing of God. I defyre Godis Word (and with that he producit the Bybill J to be
Juge betwix the Bifchopis and me, and I ame content that ye all heir ; and gif hy
this Buke I fall be convift to have taiicht, fpoken, or done, in Matteris of Reli-
gioun, cny Thing that repugnis to Godis Will, I refuis not to die. But if I cannot
be convi^ {as I ame ajfiired by Godis Word I fall not) than I in Godis Name de-
fyre your A[ftftance, That malicious Men execute not iipoun me injufi Tirranie.
The Erie of Huntelie (aid, ^hat a bawling Fulle is this ? Thow fall get none
uther Juges then thoje that fit heir. Whairunto the faid Adam anfwered. The
gude Will of God be done : Bot be ye ajfurit, my Lord^ With fick Mefour as ye
met to utherii, with the fame Me fur e it fall be mefured to yow agane. I know
that I fall diej bot be ye affured^ that my Blude fall be required of your
Handis.
Alexander Erie of Glencairne, yit allyve, faid to the Bifchope of Orknay,
and utheris that fat neir him, Tak yow yon my Lordis of the Clergie, for heir I
proteft, for my Pairt, that I confent not to his Deyth : And Co without Feir
prepaired the faid Adame to anfwer. And firft to the bapteizing of his awin
Child, he faid, It was and is uls lawfull to me, for lack of a trew Minijier, to
tapis my awin Child, as that it was to Abrahame to Circumceis his Sone Kmaell
and his Tamilie. And as for Purgatorie, praying to Sanffis, and for the Deid, I
have oft red, laid he, bothe the Auld and New Teftamentis, bot I neyther could
find mentioun, nor Affurance of thame ; and thairfoir I beleve thay ar bot meare
Inventiounis of Men, devyfed joy Covetonfnes Saik. Weill, quoth the Bifchope, ye
heir this, my Lords. Quhat fayis thow of the Mefs, fpeires the Erie of
Huntlie? He anfwerit, / fay (my Lord) as my Maifier Jefus Chrili fayis, That
vihiche is in gritteft Eliimatioun befoir Men^ is Abhominatioun hefoir God. Then
all cryit out, Herefie, Herefie. And Co was the fimple Servand of God adjugit
to the Fyre, whiche he patientlie fufleined that fame Day at Efternone upoun
the Caftellhill.
And Co began they agane to pollut the Land whiche God had laitlie
plagued, for yit thair Iniquitie was not cum to Co full Rypnes, as ihat God
wald that thay fbuld be manifefled to this whole Realme, as this Day they
ar, to be Faggoris prepaired for the evirlafling Fyre, and to be Men quhome
neyther Plagues may correfl:, nor the Lycht of Godis Word convert from thair
Darknes and Impietie.
The Peace, as faid is, contracted, the Quein Dowager pafl by Sie to France^
with Galayis that for that Purpois war prepared, and tuk with her divers of
the Nobilitie of Scotland, to wit, the Erles Huntlie, Glencairne, Merfchell,
CaffiUis, the Lords Maxwell, Fleming, Sir George Douglas, togither with all the
Ring's Sones, and divers Barones, and Gentilmen of ecclefiafticall Eftair, the
Bifchope of Galloway, and mony utheris, with Promeis, that they fbuld be
richelie rewardit for thair gude Service. Quhat they reflavit we cannot fell,
but few maid Rus at thair Returning. The Dowager had to pra6leis fiim-
quhat with hir Brethrein the Duk oC Guys and theCardinell oC Lorayne, the
Wecht whairof the Govemour efterward felt : For fchortlie efter hir return-
ing, was the Governour depoifit of the Goverment, juftlie by God, bot maift
injuftlie by Men, and fche maid Regent in the Yeir of God 1/^4. and a
CroUn put upoun hir Heid, als feimlie a Sicht, gif Men had Eyes, as to put a
Saidill
Li B. I. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 8^
Saidill upoun the Back of ane unrewlie Cow ; and Co began fche to prac^eis
Prafteifes upoun Praifleifes how F>\inie mycht be advanced, hir Frcindis maid
ryche, and ichc brochr to immortall Glorie j for that was hir comoun Talk
So t}.\it I may procure the JVellhe and Ho)iotir of jij Freiiidis^ and a glide Fame
unto myfelf, I regaird not qiihat God do efter witb me. And in verie Deid, in deip
Diflimulatioun, to bring hir awin Purpois to Eflfefl, fchc paflTit the ccmoun
Sorte of Wemen, as we will efter heir. Bot yit God, to whofe Evangell
fchc dcclaircd hirfelf Encmie, in the End fruftrat hir of all hir Devyifes.
Thus did Lycht and Darknes ftryve within the Realme of Scotland ; the
Darkncs evir befoir the Warld fupprefTing the Lycht, from the Deyth of that
no«ble Servand of God, Mr. Patnk Haiimiltonn^ until! the Deyth of Edward
the fext, that maill godlie and vcrtewous Ring, that had bein knawin to
have runge in Ingland, or ellfquhair, thir mony Yeiris by paft, who departit the
Miferies of this Lyif, the fext oC Jiilii, amo 1553. The Deyth of the
Prince was lamcntit of all the Godlie within Europe, for the Graces gevin
unto him of God, als wcill of Nature as of Eruditioun and Godlines paf
fand the Mefure that accuftomablie ufic to be gcvin to uther Princes in 'fhair
gritteft Perfe>Sioun, and yit exceidit he nocht iextein Yeiis of Age. Quhat
Gravitie above Age } Quhat Wiidome paiTing all Underftanding or Expeclatioun
of Men } And quhat Dexterity in anfwering, in all Thingis proponir, wer
into that excellent Prince } the AmbalTadours ot all Cuntreys, yea, fum that
war mortal Enemies unto him, and to his Realme, amongis quhome the
Quein T>ow^z,tr oC Scotland was not the leirt, could and did teftifie; for the
faid Quein Dowager, returning from France throw higland, comuned with him
at lenthe, and gave Record quhen fche came to this Realme, That fche fand
vmr fViJdome and folid Jugement in young King Edward, than fche wald have
hiked for in ony the Princes that 'war then in Europe. His Liberalitie towardis
the Godlie and Leirned, that war in utheris Realmes perfecuted, was fuche as
Germanes, Frenche Men, Jtalianes, Scottis, Spanyeards, PoIlonianeSj Grecianis
and Hehrrj;es borne, can yit gif fufficient Document. For how honour?blie
war Martyne Luther, Petir Martyre, Johannes Alafco, Emmamiell Cual-
ierusy and mony utheris, upoun his publift Stipendis, interteined, thair Pa-
tentis can witnes, and thay thamefelves during thair Lyves wald nevir have
denyit.
Efter the Deyth of this maift verteus Prince, of quhome the godles People
of Ingland, for the mairt Parte, was not worthie, Sathan intendir nothin"- les
than the Licht of Jefus Chrift utterlie to have bein extinguifchcd within the
haill He of Brittane. For efter him was rayfit up, in God's hotte Di/plefure
that idolatrous Jefahell, mifchevous Marye of the Spaniartis Elude, a cruell
Perfecutrix of Goddis Pepill, as the Actis of hir unhappie Rigne can fufficient-
lie witnes. And into Scotland that fame Time, as we have hard, rang that
craftie Prafteifer, Marie of Loraine, thane named Regent o{ Scotland, who
bound to the Devotioun of hir two Brethrein the Duk of Guys and Cardi-
nell of Lorahie, did onelie abydde the Opportunitie, to cut the Throtte of all
thois, in quhome fche (ufpe<5led ony Knawlege of God to be, within the
Realme of Scotland. And fo thoicht Sathan, that his Kingdome of Darknes
■was in Quietnes ?nd Reft, als weill in the one Realme as in the uther : Bot
that provident Eye of the etemeli God, who continualiie watchis for
Prefervatioun oC his Churche, did fo difpcne all thingis, that Sathan fchort
efter land himfelf iar difapointed of his Condufioun tane : For in what cruell
Z Ferfecu-
^O The Hiflorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. I.
Perfecutioun, u(ed be that Monftour, Marie of hglatiJ, wargodlie Men difperfit
in divers Natiouns, of quhome it pleifit the Goodnes of God to fend fum un-
to us, for our Comfort and Inftruftioun. And firft came a fimple Man, /r?7-w
Ham Harlaw, whole Eruditioun, althocht it excellit nor, yit for his Zeal, and
diligente Plainnes in Doctrine, is he to this Day worthie of Prays, and re-
manes a fruitfull Member within the Churche of Scotland. Efter him cam
that notabill Man 'John Willock, as one that had fum Comiflioiin to the Quein
Regent, from the Dutches of Emden ; bot his principall Purpois was to aflay
what God wald work by him in his native Cuntrey. Tiios two did fumtymes
in feverall Cumpanies aflemble the Brethrein, who by thair Exhortatiounis
began gritlie to be encuraged, and did fchew, that they had ane eirnert Third
of Godlines. And laft came Johne Kiwx^ in the End of the Harveft, in the
Yeir of God i Jj;. who firff being lodged in the Hous of that notable Man of
God James Sym, began to exhorte fecreitlie in that (am Hous, wherunto repaired
the Laird of Dun^ David Forrefs, and fum certane Perfonages of the Toun,
amongis quhome was Elizahethe Adamfoun, than Spous to James Barroitn
Burges of Ediukirghe, who, be Reflbne that fche had ane troublit Conlcience,
delytted much in the Companie of the faid Jolme^ becaus that he, according to
the Grace gevin unto him,oppinit mair fuUie the Fontaneisof Godis Mercies,then
did comone Sorte of Teicheris, that fche had hard befoir ( for fche had hard
nane except Freiris) and did with (uche Gredines drink thairof, that at hir
Deyth fche did expres the Fruite of hir Heiring, to the grit Comfort of all
thos that repaired to hir j for albeit that fche fufferit moifl grevous Torment
in hir Bodie, yit out of hir Mouth was hard nothing bot prayflng of God,
except that fumtymes fche wald lament the Trubillis of thois that war trublit
by hir : Beand fumtimes demandit by hir Sifteris, ^ihat fche thocht of that
Pane, whiche fche then ftjjerit in Bodie, in refpeH: of that quhairwith fche was
fumtymes trublit in Spirit ? Sche anfwerit, A thoufand Teir of this 'Torment^ and
ten lymes moir joynit unto it, is nocht to he compaired to the garter of ane
Hour, that I fufferit in my Spirit. I thank my God, throuche Jefus Chrift, that
hes deliverit me frame that moift fear full Pane, and isoelcum be this, evin fo lang as it
fleifis his godlie Majeftie to exerceis me thairwith. A little befoir hir Depar-
ture fche defyred hir Sifteris, and fum utheris that war befyid hir, to fing a
Ffalme, and among utheris fche appointed the ciii. Plalme, begyning, My
Saul! prats thow the Lord ahvayis, whiche endit, fche faid, At the teiching of
this Pfalme, began my trublit Saul! fir/i effectuallie to tai/i of the Mercie of
my God, whiche now to me is more fiveit and precious than all the Kingdomes of
the Eirthe war gevin unto me, to poffefs thame a thoufand Teirs. The Preiftis
urged hir with thair Ceremonies and Superflitionnis- to quhome fche an-
fwerit, Departe frome me ye Servantis of Sathan ; for I have refuifed, and in
your awin Pre fence do refiis all your Abhominatiounis \ that whiche ye call your
Sacrament, and Chriftis Bodie, as ye have deceavit us to beleve in Tymes faft, is
nothing bot ane IdoU, and hes nothing to do with the rych Inftitutioun of Jefus
Chrifi; and thairfoir in God^s Name, I comand you not to t ruble me. They de-
partit, alleging, I'hat fche ravit, andwifi not quh'at fche faid. And fche fchort
thairefter fleipt in the Lord Jefus, to no finall Comforte of thois that faw
hir blefht Departing. This we could notomitt of this worthie Woman, quho
gave fo notable a ConfefTioun, befoir that the 'grit Licht of Godis Word did
univerfaiie fchyne throuche this Realme.
At
I
Lib. 1. 0/ Re IgioHH in Scothnd. 91
At the firfi cuming of the fiid Jobie Kno.x, he perfaving clivers quho had a
Zeall to Godlines mak fmallScupill to go totheMeli, or to comunicat with the
abuled Sacramentis in the papiiticall Maner, began alfweill in privey Confe- '
rence as in Doci^rine, to Ichaw the Impietie of the Mels, and how dangerous a
Thing it'Vvas to omunicate in ony" Sortc with Idolatrie; quhairwith the Con-
fcicnces of fome being afrayed, the Matter began to be agitat fra Man to
Man, and Co was the faid Johue called to Supper by the Laird of D/m for
that {am Furpofe, quhair war convened David Forefs, Mr. Rohrt Lockhart,
Johns Willock^ and William Maitland of Letlvngtoun younger, a Man of Leirn-
ing and of ichairpe Wit and RelToning. The Queftioun was proponed, and
it was nnfwered by the Qiidjolne, That no'jjyis i( was hrMfifll to a Chrijtiai/e to
prefeut himfelf to that UoU. Nothing was emitted that micht mak for the Tern-
porilar, and yit was every Held io fully anfwered, and efpecially one quhair-
unto they thoucht thair grit Defence ftude, to wit, That Paul at tke Comande'
vwit of James, and of the Elders of Jerulalem, pa (fit to the Temple^ and feinged
himfelf to pay his Vow -with nthers. This, we lay, and utheris wer (b fiillie
anfwered, that JVilUam Maitland concluded, Hiying, / fie perfyitlie thai our
Schiftts -xill ferve nath'ing befoir God, feing they Hand us in fa fmallSteid befoir
Men. The Anfwer of Johne Knox to the Fa(5t of Paul!, and to the Comand-
ment of '^i^ntes^ was. That Paidlis Fa^J had nothing to do with thatr going to
the Mefsj for to pay I ''owes was fimtywes God's Comandment, and was nevir
Idolatrie ; hut thair Mefs, from the Originall was and remainit odms Idolatrie j
ihairfoir the Fa^ was moft unlyik. Secundarlie, faid he, / gritly doiit quhither
ayther James Commandement or Paullis Obedience proceiait from the Holie Gholi,
fVe hiaw thair Counfaill tendit to this, that Paull fould fchaw himfelf one that
olferveth the virie fmall Pointis of the Law, to the End that he might purches to him
the Favours of the Jews, who war offendit at him be Reffbne of the Bruittis that
war fparfed, that he taucht Defe^ioitn fr am MoyCcs. Now quhill he obeyit thair
Counfaill, he fell into the moft dejperate Danger that evir he fiifteined befoir^
quhairof it was evident, that God approvit not that Meane of Keconcihatioun, hot
rather that he planehe declaired, that Evill fould ^not be done that Gude micht
cum of it. Evill it was to Paull to confirm thofe olftinate Jews in thair Super-
ftitioun by his Exampili ; wors it was to him to expone himfelf, and the DoSfrine
whche befoir he had taucht, toSklander and Mockage: And thair foir, concluded
the faid Johne, that the Faft of Paull, and the Sequell that thairof followit, appear-
ed rayther to fecht againft thame that wald go to the Mes, than to gif unto thame
ony Affuarance to follow his Exempill, unlefs that they wald that the lyk Trid-'le
fould inftantlie apprehend thame that apprehendit him, for obeying wardlie wys
Counfaill. Efter theft and lyik Reflbnings the Mes began to be abhorrit of
fuche as befoir ufed it for the Faflioun, and avoyding of Slander, as then
they termed it.
Johne Knox at the Requeft of the Laird of Dun, followed him to his Place
of Dun, quhair he remained a Moneth, daylie exerceifit in Dc6lrine, quhair.
unto refbrtit the principall Men of that Cuntrey. Efter his returning, hi«Re-
fidence was moft in Calder, quhair repaired unto him the Lord Erskin that
now is the Erie of Argyll, then Lord of Lorn, and Lord James, then Pryour
of St. Androis, and now Erie of Murray, quhair they hard and fb approvit his
Doftrine, that they wilched it to have been publi6^. That fame Winter he
taucht corrounlie in Umburghe ; and efter the Yull, be the Ccndtft of the
Laird of Bar^ and Violert Campbell of Kingyeamkuche,, he came to Kyll, and
Z 2 taucht
Q2 The Hijlorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. I.
taucht in the Bane, in the Hous of the Carnell in the K'wgyeancleuche, in the
Town of y^/>, and in the Hous of ^VW/rie and Gargyrthe; and in (bme of
thame miniftrate the Lord's Tabill. Befoir the Pafcb the Erie of Gkncairne
fenc for him to his Plaice of Fynlaftoun, quhair, efcer Dj6trine, he alfo mi-
niftrate the Lord's Tabill j quhairof, befjdis himfelf, wer Partakers his Ladie,
two of his Sones, and certane of his Freindis : And fo returnit he to Colder,
quhair divers from Edwburghe, and frome the Cuntrey about, convenit, alf-
weill for the Doftrine, as tor the right Ufe of the Lord's Table, which be-
toir they had nevir prafteifit. Frome thence he departed the fecund Tyme to
the Laird of Dnn ; and teiching then in gritter Libbertie, the Gentilmen re-
quirit that he fuld minifter the Table of the Lord Jefus lykewyis unto thame,
quhairof war Partakers the moft parte of the Gentilmen of the Mernh, who
(God be prayfit) to this Day do conftantlie remain in the fame Doflrine whiche
then they profeffit, to wit, that thay refuflit all Societie with Idolatrie, and band
thamefelfis to the uttermoft of thair Poweris to manetein the trew preiching
of the Evangell of Jefus Chrirt, as God fould offer unto thame Preicheurs
and Oportunitie.
The Bruit heirof fparfed, (for the Freiris from all Quarters flocked to the
Bifchopis) the laid Jobne Knox was fummond to compeir in the Kirk of the
Blak Freiris in Edwbnrghe, the i ;th Day of Mail, whiche Day the faid Johne
decreed to keip, and for that Purpois Johne Er/kin of Dim, with divers u-
theris Gentlemen convenit to the Toun of Edmhurghe. Bot that Dyet held
not. For quhidder that the Bifchopis perfeavit Informalitie in thair awin
Froceidingis, or gif they feirit Danger to infew upoun thair Extremitie, ic
is unknawin unto us. Bot the Saturday befoir the Day appointed, thay caifl
thair awin Summondis, and the faid Johne, the fam Day of the Summondis,
taucht in Edinburghe, in a gritter Audience than evir befoir he had done in
that Toun. The Plaice was the Bifchope of Dimkelis his grit > Lugeing,
quhair he continewit in Do6h-ine ten Dayis, bothe Befoir and Efternone.
The Erie of Glencairne allurit the Erie of Merfchell, who with Harie Drum-
mond his Counfaillour for that Tyme, hard ane Exhortatioun, bot it was u-
poun the Nicht, who war fo weill contentit with it, that thay bothe wyllit
the faid Johne to wrytte unto the Quein Regent fumquhat that mycht move
hir to heir the Worde of God. He obeyit thair Def>'re, and wrait that
whiche efter was Imprentit, and is callit. The Letter to the %ein Dowager ;
which was deliverit unto hir awin Hands by the faid Alexander Erie of Glen-
cairne : Which Letter, when fche had red, within a Day or two, fche deli-
verit it to that proude Prelate Beatoim, Bifchope ofGlafgow, and faid in Mock-
aee, Pleis yow my Lord to reid a Pafquill. Whiche Word is cumming to the
Eiris of the faid 'Johne, war the Occafioun that to his Letter he maid his Ad-
ditiounis, as yit may be fein. As concerning the Threatningis pronuncir a-
eainft hir awin Perfbun, and the moift principall of hir Freinds, lat thair
verie Flatterars fie quhat had faillit of all that he hes writtin ; and thairfbir it
war expedient that hir Dochter,now mifchevouflie reigning, fould luik to that
■whiche hath pafTit befoir, leifl that in following the Counf^illis of theWickit,
fche end moir miferablie than hir craftie Mother did.
Whill Johne Knox was thus occupyed in Scotland, Letteris came unto him
frome the Inglifche Kirk that was aflemblit in Geneva, whiche was feparated
frome that fuperflitious and contentious Cumpanie that war at Franlifurd^
comanding him ja Goddis Name, as he thai was thair chofen Faftour, to re-
, pais
,iB. I. of Rc'ltgiowiiu Scotland. ^3
pair unto thame for thair Comfortc. Upon the whiche the /aid Joh/e tuk
his Leiv from us, almoilt in every Congregatioun quhair befoir be had preichr
and exhorted us to Praycris, to reiding of the Scriptures, and mutuall Conferl
rcnce, unto fuche T)me as God fuld gif unto us grittcr Libertic. And heir-
upoun he fent befoir him to Deip, his Mother-in-law Elizahethe BovAs and
his VJ yf Ahirjory, with na fmali Dolour to thair Hairtis, and to mony of us
He hinilelfby Trocurement and Labours of Rchrt Campbell of KwgyeaiicUiuh
remninit behind in Scotland^ and pafTit to the old Erie of ylrgyll^ who then was
in theCaftell oi Campbell^ quhair he taucht ccrtanc Dayis. The Laird ok Glen-
orqiihair, which yit Icvethe, being cnc of his Auditours, willit the faid Eric
ofAgylle to retein him Ml; hot he purpoifit upoun his Jorney, wald not af
that Time f^ay for no Requeif^, adding, That gif God fo bliffit iheis fmall Be-
gitwirgis, that they cciit'weucd in Godlines, quhevfoei'ir they fleifit to command
hm^ tl-ey fuld find him cbedieiit. Bot^ he (aid, That avis he miift midis vi/ile
that litill Flocke -xhiche the fVickiines of Men had cowpellit him to leif. And fb
in the Moneth of July he left this Realme, and pafl to France, and Co to
Gcnei'a. Immediatiie efter, the Bifchopis fummondit him, and for None-
compeirance brunt him in Eflfigie at the Croice of Edmkirghe^ in the Yeir of
God lii/, fra the whiche injufl Sentence the faid Jchiie maid his Appella-
tioun, and caufit to Frcnt the fame, and direfted it to the Nobilitic and Co-
mounis withm Scotland, as yit may be red.
In the Winter that the faid Joliie abaid m Scotland, appeirit a Comeir the
Cours quhairof wes frome the Southe and South-'joeft, to the Northe and North,
gift. It was fein in the Moncthes of November, December, and Januare • It
was callit. The Fyrey Biiffome. Sone efter died Cbiftierne King oC Denmark -
and "Warre rays betwix Scotland and hgland, for the ComifTionaris of bothe
Rcalmes, who almaifl theSpaice of fexMoneths entreatit upoun theConditi-
ouns of Peace, and wer upoun a neir Point of Ccndufioun, wer difapcinted.
The Quei : Regent with hir Counfaill of the Frcnche Faftioun decreittcd
warr at Ne-jubotiell, without geving ony Adverteifrnent to the ComifTionaris
for the Parte of Scotland. Suche is the Fidcjitie of Princes, gydit byPrciftis
whenfbevir they fcik thair awin AffetTtiounis to b« ferved.
In the end of that nixt Harvefl was fein upoun the Borders of hi-y.
land and Scotland a flrange Fyre, whiche defcendit from the Hevin
and brunt divers Cornes in bothe the Realmes, bot maif^ in hgland.
Thair was prefentit to the Quein Regent, by Robeit OrmiCtoun, a Calfe
having two Heidis, whairat fche fcorppit, and faid. It -was bot a comom Tlnng.
The "Warre began in the End of Harvcl^, as faid is, and Conclufloun was
takin that Warke fuld be afleigeif. The Armie and Ordinance pafi fordward
to Max.'mell Heiuhe. The Quein Regent remainit in the Caftell of Ho7rie, and
thinking that all Thingis war in AfTurance, Monfieur DVfell, than Lieuten-
nent for France, gave Chairge that the Cannones fould be tranffortit over,
the "Waiter of T'-jxid, whiche was dene with Expeditioun, for the Frenche-men
in fuche Faflis ar expert • tot the Nobilitie of Scotland nothing content with
fuche Proceidingis, efter Confultatioun amcngis thamefelfis, paff to the Fa-
vilioun of Mcnfitur dOfell, and in his awin Faice declaired, Tlat in no ivaytt
•wald they imaid Ingland. And thairfoir ccmandit the Ordinance to be re-
teirit : And that it was bot farder Delay.
This put ane Affray in Monfieur dVfelh Breaches, and kendlit fuche a
Fyre in the Quein Regent's Stomach, as was not weill flo|<nit tiil hir Breath
A a faiiit
^4 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
failit. And thus was that Interpryis fruftrate. Bot ylt War continewed, dur-
ing the whiche, the Evangell of Jefus Chrift began wondrouHie to floorifche.
For in Ediuburghe began publiftlie to exhort JViUiam Harla-w ; Johne Loughs^
who had bein with the Erie of Argyll^ preich'd in Leylh, and flimtymes ex-
hortit in Edinbitrghe. Paidl Meffam began to preich publictlie in Dundie^ and
(b did divers utheris in Angus and the Meriiis. And laft, at Gods gude Ple-
lure arryved 'Johne JViUock^ the fecound Tyme from Etnden, whofe Returne
was (b joyful! to the Brethrein, that thair Zeall and godlie Curage daylie in-
creffit. And albeit he contrafted a dangerous Seiknes, yit he ceafit not from
Labouris, bot taucht and exhortit from his Bed (bme of the Nobilitie, (of
quhome fome ar fallen back, amongis quhome the Lord Seatoun is cheif) with
mony Barrones and Gentilmen war his Auditours, and by him war godlie in-
ftru6led, and wondrouflie comforted. They keipt thair Conventiounis, and
held Confaillis with fuche Gravitie and Glofenes, that the Enemies tremblit.
The Images war ftollen away in all Partis of the Cuntrey. And in Edmburghe
was that grit IdoU, callit Sanft G?/7/, firft drowned in the Northe Loche, and
efter brunt, whiche rayfit no fmall Trubill in the Town; for theFreiris roup-
ing lyk Ravenis upoun the Bifchopis, the Bifchopis ran upoun the Quein, quho
to thame was favorabill yneuche,bot that Iche thocht it culd not ftand with hir
Advantage to offend fliche a Multitude as than tuk upoun thame the Defence
of the Evangell, and the Name of Proteftants, And yit conlented fche to
fummond the Preicheours : Quhairat the .Proteftants nerher offendit, nether
yit thairof affrayed, determined to keip the Day of Summondis, as that they
did. Whiche perceavit by the Prelatcis and Preiflis, they procured a Procla-
matioun to be publiftlie maid, That all Men that war come to the Town
without the Coraandment of the Authoritie, fbuld with all Diligence repair to
the Borders,and thair remain i / Dayis : For the Bifchope of Galloway in this
Maner of Ryme, (aid to the Quein ; Madame^ hecaus they ar cum without Or*
dour^ I reid yow fend thame to the Border.
Now fb had God providit, That the Quarter of the Wefl-land, into the
which war mony faythfull Men, was that fame Day returnit from the Bor-
dours ; who underftanding the Matter to proceid from the Malice of the
Preiftis, aflemblit thamefelfis togither, and maid Paflage to thamefelfis, till
that thay came to the verie privie Chalmer, quhair the Quein Regent and the
Bifchopis war. The Gentilmen began to complain upoun thair ftrange Inter-
teinment, confiddering that hir Graice had fund in thame fo faythfull Obe-
dience in all Thingis lawfull. Whill that the Quein began ro Craft, a Jea-
lous and a bald Man, James Chalmeris of Gaithgyrth, faid, Madame^ we kmiv
that this ii the Malice and Devyce of thai Jefwellis, and of that Bafiard^ mean-
ing the Bifchope of Sand Androis, that ftandis by yow. We avowe to God we fall
niak ane Day of it. 'They opprefs us and our lennents^ for feidding of thair idiU
Bellies : 'Jhey troubill cur Preicheours^ and wald murther thame and us : Sail
we fujfer this ony langer t Nay^ Madam, it fall not he. And thairwith everie
Man put one his Steill Bonnet. Thair was hard nothing of the Queinis Parte,
but, My Joyis, my Hairtis, What aillis yow? Me menis no evill to yow, nor to
your Preicheours : 'J'he Bifchopis fall do yow no wrang, ye ar all my hiifing Sitb-
jeffs ; me knaws nothing of this Proclamatioun ; the Day of your Preicheours full
be d'jfchairged, and me will heir the Conttraverfie that is betviist the Bifchopis and
yow y they fall do yow no wrang. My Lords, faid fche to the Bifchopis, / for'
lid yow ayther to truhk thame or thair Preicheourj. And unto the Gentilmen,
whs
Lib. I. of Religioim in Scotland. ^5
who war wondrouflie commovit, fche turnit agane and laid, O my Hatrts^
joitU ye not Ivje the Lord your God with all your Hairt, -jjilh all your Mynd ? Jnd
foiild ye not love your Nychhours as your felfis ? With theafe and the lyik fair
Words Iche kcipt the Bifchopis from Eutfets at that Tyme.
And fo the Day of Summondis being difchairged, began the Brethrein un-
nivedallie to be farther cncuraged. But yit culd the Bifchopis in no Cnne be
quiet; for Sancl GeiWs Day approching,they gave Chairge to the Proveilt, Bail-
lies, and Counfaill of Edinburgh, eyther to get agane the alud Sanct Gei/l, or ells
upoun thair Expens to niak a new Image. The Counfaill anfwered, That
to them the Cl.\vrge appeired verie injufi, for they tmderjiude that God
in feme FLues had commandit IdoUs and Images to he deftroyit ; hot quhair he
had commandit Images to he fet up they had not red-, and defyrit the Bifchope
ro find a Warrant for his Comandmenf. Quhairat the Bifchope offendit, ad-
monifched under Fane of curfing, which they prcvcntit by a formall Appel-
latioun, appeilling frome him, as from a pertiall and corrupt Jugc, unto the
Pape's Holines; and fo gritter Thingis fchortlie following, that pafHt in Oblivi-
oun : Yit waldnot thePreaftis and Frearis ceis to have that gricSoIempnitie and
manife(5t Abhominatioun, whiche they accuftomablie had upoun Sanft GtvV/'s
Day, to wit, they wald have that Idol! borne, and tharefoir was all Prepara-
tioun deuly maid. A Marmorfet Idoll was borrowed from the Gray Frearis
(a. Silver Feice of James Carnrxhcll was laid in Pledge) it was fdd fixed with
IroneNailles upoun a Barrow called thair Fertour. Thare aflembled Preaftis
Frearis, Chanonis, and rottin Papil^es, with Tabourncs and Trumpetis, Baneris
and Bagge Pypes: And who was thare to lied the Ring, but the Quein Re-
gent herfelf, with all hir Schavclings, for Honour of that Feaft. Well about
goes it, and cumis doun the hie Streat, and dcun to the comone Crofe. The
Quein Regent dyned that Day in Sandie Carpytynis Hous betwix the Bowis,
and lb quhen the Idolle returned back agane, fche left it, and pafl in to her
Denner. The Heartes of the Brethrein war wonderouflie inflamed, and (eing
fick Abhominatioun fo manifeftlie manteined, war decreed to be revenged.
They war devyded in feverall Cumpanies, quhairof not ane knew of ane
uther. Thare war fbme Teniporiflaris that Day, amonges quhome David
Forrefs, called the Generally was ane, who fearing the Chance to be done as
it fell, laboured to rtay the Brethrein ; but that could not be j for immediate-
lie efter that the Quein was entered in the Lugeing, fome of thofe that war
of the Interpryis drew ney to the Idoll, as willing to help to bear him, and
getting the Ferteour upoun thair Schuldeours, began to fchuder, thinking that
thareby the Idoll Ibuld have fallin ; but that was provyded and prevented by
the Irone Nailles, as we have faid ; and fo begane ane ro cry, Dovon with the
Idoll, doun with it, and fo, without Delay, it was pulled down. Sura Bragis
maid the Preiflis Patrounis ai the firft ; bot when thay faw the Febilnes of
thair God, for one tuke him be the Heallis, and dadding his Held to the
Calfay, leh Dagoun without Held orHandis, and faid, Fy upoun the thow young
SanH Geill, thy Father wald have taryed four fuche. This confidderit, we fay,
the Freiflis and Freiris fled fafler then they did at Pinkie Cleuche. Thair
micht have bein fein fo fuddane a Fray as feldome hes bein fein amongis
that Sorte ot Men within this Realme ; for down gois the Crocis, of gois
the Surplyfes, round Capis, Comet with the Crownis. The Gray Freirs gaip-
ed, the Blak Freirs blew, and the Preiflis panted and fled, and happie was he
that firll gat the Hous j for fuche ane fuddane Fray came nevir amongift the
A a 2 Gene-
5^ The Hiflorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. I.
Generatioun of Antichrift within this Realme befoir. By chance thair lay
upoun a Stair a merrie higUfche Man ^ and feing the Difcomfitour to be with-
out Elude, thoicht he wald adde fum Merrines to the Matter : And lb cryed
he over the Stair, and faid, Fy upoun yow Hooresfones^ quhy have ye hrockin Or-
dour^ down the Slreate ye faffit in Array, and with grit Mirthe : ^ihy fly ye
Villanes now wit bout Or dour ? Turne and ftryke everie me a Straik for the Ho-
iiour of his God ; fy Cowartis fy, ye fall nevir he juged "jitorthie cf your IV ages a-
gane. Bot Exhortatiounis war then unproffitable : For efter that Bell had
brockin his Neck, thair was na Comforte to his confufit Armie.
The Quein Regent layd up this amongft hir uther Mementoes, till that (che
micht have fein the Tyme proper to have revenged it. Searche was maid
for the Doaris, bot nane could be deprehendir : For the Brethrein airemblit
thamefelfis in fuche Sorte, in Cumpanies, finging Ffalmes, and praifing God,
that the proudeft of the Enemies war aftonied.
This Tragedie of Sanft Geill was fo terribill to dim Papiftis, that Durie,
fumtymes callit for his Filthines Jbhote Stottikin, and then intitled, Bifchope
oi^ Galloway, left his Ryming, quhairwith he was accuftomed, and departit
this Lyif evin as that he levit. For the Artickles of his Beleve war, I refer,
Decarle you. Ha, hay the four Kingis and all maid. 'T^he Devil go with it ; it is
lot a Varlate. Fra France we thoicht to have gottin a Rubye ; and yit it was nO'
thing hot a Cohuhie. And with foche Fayth and fuche Prayers departit out of
this Lyif that Enemie of God, who liad vowed and plainlie faid, 'That in
defpyte of God, fo lung as they that than war Prelats levid, fould that IVord, cal-
lit the Evangell, nevir he preached within this Realme. Efter him followed that
Bellie-God, Maifter David Panter, callit, Bifchope of Rois, evin with the
lyik Documentis, except that he departit eating and drinking, whiche, togid-
der with the reft that thairupoun dependit, was the Paftyme of his Lyif
The moift Pairt of the Lordis that war in Franee at the Queinis Mariage, al-
thoicht that thay gat thair Congye from the Court, yit they foryet to returne
to Scotland. For whither it was by ane Italiane Poflet, or by Frenche Fegis,
or by the Potage of thair Pottingare (he was a Frenche Man) thair departed
fra this Lyif, the Erie ofCaffillis, the Erie of Ro/^^/j, Lord Fleming, and the
Bilchope of (9;-^'m7j,whais End was evin according to his Lyf : For efter that
he was drevin back by a contrarious Wynd,and forcit to Land at agane Deape,
perceaving his Seiknes to inores, he cauflit mak his Bed betwix his two Cof-
fers, f (Imi (aid upoun thame) fuche was his God, the Gold that thairin was
incloifed, that he could not departe thairfra, Co lang as Memorie wald lerve
him. The Lord James, than Pryour of St. Androis, had, by all Appeirance,
lickit of the lam Buift that dispatched the reft, for thairof to this Day, his
Stomach dois teftifie. Bot God prelerved him for a better Purpois. This
fam Lord James, now Erie oi^ Murray, and the faid Bifchope war comounlie
at Debait for Matteris of Religioun ; and ihairfoir the faid Lord, heiring of
the Bilchopis Difeas, came to vifite him: And finding him not fb weill at a
Point, as he thocht he Ibuld have bein, and as the Honour of the Cuntrey
required, faid ufcto him, Fy, my Lord, how ly yow fo ? IVill ye not go to your
Chamher, and not ly heir in this comoim Hous. His Anlwer was, / ame weill
quhair I ame, my Lord, fo long as I can tary, for I ame neir unto my Freindis,
(meining his CofFeris, and the Gold thairin.J Bot, mj Lord, (aid he, long have
ye and I bein in Pley for Purgatorie. I think that 1 fall know or it he lang whither
tlair he fuche a Plaice or not, Whill the Other did exhort hinn to call to
Mynd
Lib. I. of Rcligiotin in Scotland. ^7
Mynd the Fromeis of God, and the Vertew of Chriftis Dcyth : He anfwcred,
Nay, my Lor^^ let me alone ^ for ye ami I iievir iJ^reit in our Lyif^ and I think
■we fall not agrie ncrjo at my Deyth j and t hair fair lat me alone. The (aid Lord
James depaitit to his Lugeing, and the other fchort efter departed this Lyif,
whithir, the grit Day of the Lord will dcclair.
Quhen the Word of the Departing of Co mony Patrones of Papiftrie, and of
theManer of thair departing came unto the Quein Regent, efter Aftonifchment
and Mufing, (che (aid, ^if:at fall I fay of fucke Men ? I'hey leived as Bei/iis, and
as Beiftis they die : God is nocht '■juiih thame, nether with that whiche they tnterpryis.
Whili thes Thingis war in doing in Scotland and France., that perfyr Ypo-
crit, Mailkr Johne Sinclare^ then Deane of Reftalrig^ and now Lord Precident
and Bifchope of Brechin, began to preiche in his Kirk of Re/ialrig, and at
the Beginning held himfelf fo indifferent, that mony had Opinioun of him
that he was not far frome the Kingdome of God. Bot his Ypocrifie
could not lang be clocked ; for when he underltude, that fuche as feired God
began to have a gude Opinioun of him, and that the Freiris and utheris of
that Seft, began to quhiiper, That gif he ink not Heid in Tyme to himfelf, and
unto his Do^rine, he -joald be the Diftru^ioun of the haill EJtait of the Kirk,
This by him underffude, he apointed a Sermone, in the whiche he promeifed
to gif his Jugement in all fuche Heidis^ as than war in Contraverfte in the Ma-
ters of Religioiin. The Bruit heirof maid his Audience greate at the hri\ ;
bot that Day he lb handlit himlelf, that efter that no godlie Man did credite
him ; for nocht onlie gainfaid he the Do6trine of Juftificatioun and of Prayer
which befoir he had tauchte, bot alfb he (ett up, and manreined Papiftrie to
the uttermoft Prick ; yea holie Watter, Pilgramage, Purgatorie and Par-
dones war of fuch Vertew in his Conceate, that without thame he looked
not to be (aved. In this meane Tyme the Clergie maid a Brag, that thay
walddifput. Bot Mr. Ha'vid Panter, whiche then lived and lay at Reftalrigy
dilfuaidit thame thairfra, affirming, " That gif evir they difputed, bot quhair
" thamfelvis war bayth Juge and Partie, and quhair that Fyre and Sworde
" fould obey thair Decree, that than thair Caus was wracked for evir j for
*' thair Viftorie ftude nether in God nor his Wordes, bot in thair awin Willis,
" and in the Thingis condudit by thair awin Confaills, togidder with Fyre
" and Sworde, whairto, faid he, thes new ftart-up Fellowis will gif no
" Flake; bot will call yow to your Compt-buik, and that is to the Bybill ;
" and by it ye will no more be found the Men that ye ar callir, than the
« Devill will be approvin to be God: And thairfoir, if ye luif yourfelfis,
" enter nevir in Difputatioun ; nether yit call ye Maters in Queftioun ; bot de-
« fend your Poflefiioun, or all is loif^e. " Cayaphas could not gif a better Coun-
faill to his Companiounis ; bot yit God difapointed bothe tharrie and him,
as efter we fall heir. At this fame Time fum ol the Nobilitie direfted thair
Letters to call Johne Knox frome Geneva, for thair Comforte, and for the Com-
forte of thair Brethrein the Preichers, and uthers that than curagiouflie faucht
againft the Enemies of Godis Treuthe. The Tenour of thair Letter is this.
Graice, Mercie, and Peice for Salvatioun.
T\EJrlie Belovit in the Lord, the Faithfull tht ar of your /Icquaintance in thir
*-' Parts (thanhs he unto God) ar fteidfaft in the Beleif quhairunto ye left
thamey and bes am godlie Thrift and Defyre^ Lay he Day^ of your Prefence agane,
^ b wbichc
^8 The Hiflorie of the Rejormatioun Lib. I.
whilk gif the Spirit of God fo move^ and permit te Tyme unto yow^ we mil hairt-
he dejyre yow, in the Name of the Lord, that ye will returne again in thir Parteis
quhair ye fill fi"'^ ^H faythfull that ye left behind yow, nockl onlie glaid to heir
your Do^rine, hot will he redie to jeopard Lyves and Gnats, for the forward fet.
ting of the Glorie of God, an he will permit te Tymes. And albeit the Magiji rates
in this Coiintrey he as yit, hot in the Staite ye left thame^ yit at the making heir-
of we have no Experience of ony mair Crueltie to he ufit nor was befoir : Bot ra-
ther we have Beleif, That God will ^augment his Flock, hecaiis we fie the Freirs,
Enemies to Chriftis Evangell, daylie in lefs Eftimatioiin, haylh with the ^einis
Craice, and the reft of the Nobilitie of our Realme. This in few Words is the
the Myndof the Faythfull, being prefent, and utheris abfent. The reft of our Mynds
this faythfull Bearer will fchaw yow at Lenthe. Thus fair ye weill in the Lord.
Of Stirling the tent of
Merche, anno ijj6. -
This is the trew Copie of the Bill, being fubfcryvit by the Names under-
written.
Sic fubfcribitur,
GLENCAIRNE.
LORNE, now ARGYLL.
ERSRIN.
JAMES STEWART.
Thefe Letteris war deliverit to the (aid Johne in Geneva, by the Handis of
'James Sym, who now reftethe with Chrift, and of James Barrone that yit
levethe in the Monethe of Maii immediatlie thairefter; whiche receaved,
and advyifed upoun, he tuck Condiltatioun alfweill with his awin Churche,
as with that notable Servand of God Johne Calvin, and with uther godlie Mi-
nifteris who all with ane Confent, (aid, That he culd not refuis that Vocatioun,
unlefs he wald declair himfelf rebellious unto his God, and unmercyfull unto his
Countrey. And fo he returned Anfvvere, with Promeis to vifite thame with
reflbnabill Expeditioun, and (o fone as he micht put Ordour to that deir
Flock that was comitted to his Chairge ; and fo in the End of the nixt
September efrer, he departed from Geneva, and cum to Deip, whair thair metr
him contrair Letteris, as by his Anfwer thairto we may underftand.
T'he Spreit of Wifdome, Con ft am le and Strenthe he muliiplied with yow, by the Fa^
vour of God our Father^ and he the Graice of our Lord Jefiis Chrift.
A Cording to my Promeis, Richt honourable, I came to Deape the 24th
of O^ober, of full Mynd, by the gude Will of God, with the firft
Schipis to have vifited yow. Bot becaus two Letteris, not verie pleifing unto
the Fle(che, wer thair prefented unto me, I was compelled to flay for a
Tyme; the ane was direfted to myfelf, from a faythfull Brother, which maid
Mentioun that new Confultatioun was apointed for finall Conclufioun of the
Matter befoir purpoifit, and willit me thairfoir to abyd in thefe Partis, till the
Determinatioun of the lame. The uther Letter was direfted frome a Gentil-
man to a Freind, with Chairge to adverteife me, that he had commoned
with all thois that foamed moft francke and fervent in the Matter, and that
into
IB. I. of Rcligioiw ifi Scotland. ^^
into none did he find fick Boldncs and Conftancic, as was requifite for fuche
ane Interpryis ; Bot that (Lm did (as he wryttcth ) repent, That cvir
ony liiche Thing was moved : Sum war partlie alchamed, and utheris war
abill to deny, that evir they did confent to ony fiich Purpois, gif ony Tryel
or Queftioiin fould be takin thairof. Whiche Lettcris, when I had confider-
cd, I partehc was confounded, and parrcUe was pearced with Ant;uis and Sor-
row. Confoundit I was, that I had (b far travellit in the Matter,' movin'' the
fame to the mofl godlie and mofl learned that this Day we knaw to hef in
Europe, to the Et^eft that I micht have thair Jugmcntis and grave Coun-
faiilis, for Afilirance, alfweill of )our Conlciences, as of myne ni alJ Inter.
pryifes. And then that Nothing fould fucceid of Co lang Confultatiouns can-
not bot redound ayther to your Schame or myne: For ether it fall appejr
that I was marvellous vane, being lb folilt, where no NecefTitie required •
or ells, that fuchc as wcr my Moveris thairto laked the Rypnes of luge'
ment, in thair firft Vocation. To fum it may appeir ane fmall and lichc
Matter, that I have caft of, and as it wer abandoned, alfweill my particu-
lar Cair, as my publift Office and Chairge, leving my Hous and puir Fami-
lie def^itute of all Head ( fa if God #ilie ^ and comitting that fmall (bot
Chrift his deirlie belovit ) Flock, over the whiche I was appointed one of
the Minifiers, to the Chairge of ane uther. This, I fay, to vvarldlie Men
may appeir ane fmall Matter, bot to me it was, and yit is fuche, that more
warldlie Subftance than I will expres, culd not have caufit me willinglie be-
hold the Eyes of fb mony grave Men weip at ones, for my Caus, as that I
did, in takeing of my laflgude Nycht fromc thame, to quhome, gif it plgis
God, that I returne, and Queftion be demandir, Quhat was the Impediment of
my purpoifii Jorney ? Juge yow quhat Ifall anfwer. The Caus of my Dolour and
Sorrow (God is Witnes J is for nothing perteining eyther to my corporal
Contentment, or wardlie Difplefour ; bot it is for the greavous Plagues and
Punifchments of God, whiche affuredlie fall apprehend not onlie yow bor eve-
ry Inhabitant of that miferable Realme and YHe, except that the Power of
God, by the Libertie of his Evangell, deliver yow from Bondage. I mein
not onlie that perpetuall Fyre and Torment, prepaircd for the Devill, and for
(uche as, denying Chrift Jefus and his knawin Veritie, do follow the Sones of
"Wickednes to Perditioun, whiche moft is to be feared, bot alfb that Thral-
dome and Miferie that fall apprehend your awin Bodies, your Childrein
Subjefts and Pofteritie, quhome ye have betrayed. In Confcience, I can ex-
cept none that beir the Name of Nobilirie, and prefentlie do fecht to be-
tray thame and your Realme to the Slaverie of Strangeris. The Warre be-
gun Calthoucht I acknowledge it to be the Wark of God ) fall be your Dif^
truftioun, unles that be Tyme Remedie be provydir. God oppin your £yis
that ye may efpy, and confider your awin miferable Eftait. My Wordis fall
appeir to fum fchairpe and undefcreitlie fpoken ; bot as Cheritie aucht to inter-
pret all Thingis to the beft, fb aucht wyis Men to underftand, that a trevv
Freind cannot be a Flatterer, efpeciallie quhen the Queftiounis of Salvatioun
bothe of Bodie and SaiiU ar moved ; and that not of one or two, bot as it
war of a whole Realme and Natioun. Quhat ar the Sobbis, and quhat is
the Affliftioun of my troubled Hairt, Gcd .'all one Day declair ? Bor this
■will I add to my fornver^igour and Severitie, to wit, gif ony perfwade yow
for Feir or Dangeris that may follow, to faint in your former Purpoi* be
he nevir efteimit fb wyis and freindlie, lat him be judged of yow, bothe
^ b 2 fooiifche
lOO The Htftorie of the Refcrmatioun Lib. I.
fooU(che and your mortall Enemie : Foolifche, for becaus he underftandeth
nothine of God's appoved Wifdome ; and Enemie unto yow, becaus he la-*
bourethe to feparate yow frome God's Favour, provoking his Vengeance and
creavous Plagues againft yow, becaus he wald that ye Ibuld preferre your
warldlie Reft to Godis Prays and Glorie, and the Freindlchip of the Wicked,
to the Salvatioun of your Brethrein. / ame not ignorant, that feirfull Troubles
fall enfew your Interpryis, as in my former Letteris I did fignifie unto yow;
Bot O joyfull and comfortable ar thois Troublis and Jdverfiteis^ "Mche Man fu-
ftainethe for Accomphfchment of Godis Will, reveikd ly his JVorde ! For hoix
terribill that evir they appeir to the Jugementis of the natirrall Men, yit ar they
nevir abill to devoir, nor uiterlie to confume the Sufferares • for the invifibill and
invincibill Power of God fufiainethe and prefervethe, according to his Promeis,aU fuche
as "with Simphcitie do obey him. The fubtill Craft of Pbarao, mony Yeirs joynit
with his bludie Cruel tie, was not abill to deftroy the Mall Childrein of If-
raell nether war the Wateris of xhc Read-fey, muche Jefs the Rage of fV;'a-
rao abill to confound Moyfes and the Companie whiche he condufted • and
that becaus, the ane had Godis Promeis that thay fbuld multiplie, and the
uther his Comandement to enter into fbche Dangeris, I wald your Wifdomes
fould confider, that our God remainethe One, and is immutable ; and that the
Churche of Chrift Jefus hath the fam Promeis of Proteftioun and Defence^
that Ifraell had ot Multiplicatidun. And farder that no les Caus have ye to
enter in your former Interpryis, then Moyfes had to go to the Prefence of Pha-
rao ■ for your Subjeds, yea, yourBrethrein ar opprefled,thair Bodies and SauUis
haldin in Bondage: And God fpeikethe to your Confciences (unlcs ye be
deid with the blind Warld ) that ye aught to hafard your awin Lyves, be it
againft Kingis or Emperouris, for thair Deliverance ; for onlie for that Caus
ar ye callit Princes of the Pepill, and ye reflave of your Brethrein Honour,
Tribute and Homage at God's Comandement, nocht be Reflbun of your Byrthte
and Progenie, as the maift Part of Men falflie do fuppois, but be Reflbun
of your Office and Dewtie, which is to vindicate and deliver your Subjefiis
and Brethrein from all Violence and OpprefTion, to the uttermoft of your
Power. Advyis diligentlie, I befeik yow, with the Pointis of that Letter,
which I dire6ted to the haill Nobiliti^, and lat everie Man apply the Mat-
ter and Cais to himfelf ; for your Confciences fall one Day be compelled to
acknawlege, that the Reformatioim ofReligioun, and of publift Enormities, dothe
appertein to mo than totheClergie, or cheif Rullaris, callit Kings. The mich-
tie Spreit of the Lord Jefus reulle and gyde your Counlails to his Glorie,
your eternil Comforte, and to the Confblation of your Bretherin. Amen.
Frome Deape 27th Day »
of October 1 <;/.
Thefe Letteris receaved and red, togither with utheris dire6l to the haill
Nobilitie, and fum to particular Gentilmen, as to the Lairds of Dun and Pet-
terrow, new Cpndiltatioun was had, what was beft to be done : And in the
End it was concludit, That thay wald follow fordward thair Purpois aneis in-
tend it, and wald committ thamefelfis, and whafbevir God had gevin unto
thame, in hisHandis, rather than thay wald fufFer Idolatrie fo manifeftlie to
rigne, and the Subjeftis of that Realme fo to be defraudit, als lang as thay
had bein, of the onelie Fude of thair Saullis, the trew Preiching of Chriftis
Evangel?,
IB. .1. of Kcligwnn in Scotland. loi
Evangel!, andAhat everie ane (buld be thecal r aflured of iither, a comoun
Band\vas maid, and by fome fubfcryvit, the Ttnour quhairof tbllowes.
yjTE feiceav'wg Iotv Sathan h: hs Menihris^ the jlnt'uhriflis of our Tynie^ cruel*
fr lie doetb tage^ feik'tng to domtbr'wg and to difiroy the Evangel/ of Ckrtfty
and Its CongregiitioHi/j atuht, according to our hound'ni Dcxticy to ftryve in our
Matfteris Caus, evhi unto lie Beitbe, /eing certane of the V'lnorie iu Inn : The
q:ihiik our Dcxt'ie being ^eill confidderit, JVe do promeis befoir the Majeftie of
Cody and his Congregatioun^ That z-.r, be his Graice, fail with all Diligence con-
ihmallie apply our haill Fovjer, Subjiance, and oar verie Lyjes^ to manteine, fet
ford'xard, and eftablijh the nwft bhjfit Word of God, and his Congregatioun : Ay\d
fall labour at our Foffibiiitie to have faythfull Miiiifteris, puiilie and trewlie to mi.
nifter Chrifiis fkangell and Sacrament is to his Pepill. We fall mantein thame^ nit-
rifche tha'we, and defend thawe, the haill CongrMatioiin of Chiift^ and everye
Member thairof at our haill Povueris, and ixairit^of our Lyves, againft Sathan
and all -juicked Po-'juer that dois intend Tirranie or Tnf/bill againft the foirfuid Con-
gregatioun. Unto the quhilk holie JVord^nd Congregatioun^ -Joe do joyn us; and
alfo dois rcnunce and foirfctik the Cofigregatioun cf Sathan, ixith all the Super ftiti^
ounisj yibhominatiounis and Ictolatj-ie thairof. And niairover, fall declair our felfis
tnan'felilie inemies thairto. Be this our faythfull Promeis bejoir God, teftified to
bis Congregatioun^ be our Sulfcriptioun at thir Prefens. At Edinburghe the "xd
Day of December i jjj Teirs^ God callit to Witnes.
. Sic fubfcribitiirj
■A Erie of ARGYLL.
GLENCAIRNE.
MORTOUN.
ARCHIBALD Lord of Lome.
JOHNE ERSKIN of Dun, kc.
Befoir a lytrle that this Band was fubfcryved be the foirwrittin, and mony
utheris, Letters wer direft agane to J<^!e Kho'x fra the faidis Lordis, tcgjther
•with thair Lettcris to Maifter Cahin, craving of him, That by his Authoritie
he wald ccmmand the faid fohne anis agane to vifit thame. Thes Letters
war deiiverit be the Hand is of Mr. Johne Gray, in the Monethe of November
the Yeir of Gcd i ;;8, who at that famyn Tyme part to Rome, for Expediti-
oun of the Bcwis of/?w to Mr. Henrie Sinclair. Immediathe efter the Sub-
fcryptioun of this fbirfaid Band, the Lordis and Barrones profc fling Chrift
Jel'bs, ccnveinit freqiientlie in Counfaill : In the which thesHcidis wer con-
clucit. Firft, // is thoicht expedient, devyifit, and crdainit, Tl:at in all Parichines
of this Realme the Ccmoiin Prayeris be red ci.kly one Scnday, and uthers feftivalt
Dayis, publiUlie in the Paroche Kirks, nsoitb the Lefonis cf the A>^ and Aula Te-
stament, conforme to the Ordcur cf the Eiiik of Ccmoui- Prayeris. Ar.d gif the Cu-
rates cfthe Parochinis be qualifeit, to caus thame to reid the famyn, and gif thay
be hot, or ^.jf the) refuis, tlat the n.cft qualifeit in the Parcchin ufe and reid the
fam. Seciindhe, // is tloicht necefarie^ ihat r(^iut.e. f)eichirg, cr.d hterpre-
iatiauK of Scriptures be had and ujed pnvelie in quiet Bcufes, without greit Qon-
•ventidirh of the Pefill tlairto, whill efterv:ard that God move the Prince, to grant
publi^i Preiching he faythfull and trew Minifteris.
C c Thefe
%'
I02 The Hiflorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. I.
Thefe two Heidis concerning the Religioun,and fomeutheris concerning the
Policie being concludit, the auld Erie of Argyll tuke the Manteinance of
Johne Douglas, caufit him preiche publiftlie in his Hous, and reformed mony
Thin^is according to his Counceill. The fam Boldnes tuk divers utheris,
alfweUl within Tounis, as to Landwart, whiche did not a little Trubill the
Bifchopis and Quein Regent : As by this Letter and Credite committed to
Sir David Haimilton, fra the Bilchope of St. Andro'is to the faid Erie of Ar-
gylkj may be cleirlie underftude.
The Bifchoppis Letter to the auld Erie of Argylk.
MY Lord, efter maifi hairtie Comendatwuns, this is to adverteis your Lord/chip
we have dire^it this Beirar our Coufing towards your Lordfchip, in fick Be-
fines and Effairs as comernis your Lordfchipis Honour, Pr of eit and grit Weill-, lyk
as the faid Beirar will declair jfour Lordfhipe at mair lenthe. Praying your
Lordfchip ep^uou/lie to advert thairto, and gif Attendance to us your Lordfchipis
Freindis, that ay hes willit t^ Honour, Profeit, and utter Welthe of your Lord-
fchips Hous, as of our awin ; and CrMte to the Beirar. And Jefu have your
Lordfchip hi everlafting keiping. Of Edinburghe, the 2jth of Merche, anno.
Sic fuhfcribitur.
Tour Lordfchipis at all Power,
Sanii Androis.
FoUowis the Credite.
Memorandum, To Sir David Haumiltoun, to my Lord Erie o? Argylk, in my
Behalf^ and lat him fie and heir everie Artickle.
Inprimis, HTO repeale the ancient Blude of his Hous, how long it hes ftude, hovt
-* notable it hes bein,and fo mony nobillMen hesbein Erles,Lordis,Kmchtis
ihairof: How long thay have runge *« thei Parts, evir trew and obedient
lothe to God and the Prince, without ony Smote in thair Dayis in any inaner of
Sort : And to remember how mony notable Men ar cumen of his Hous.
Secundlie,7o fchew him the grit Ejfe^ioun I beir towardis him,hisBluid,Hous and,
Freindis, and of the ardent Defyre I have of the perpetuall ftanding of it in Honour,
and Fame, with all thame that are cum of it : ^hilk is my Parte, for many
and divers Caufes, as ye fall fchaw.
Thridlie, To fchaw, my Lord, how heavie and dijpleafwg a Thing it is unto
me, now to heir. That he quho is and has bein fo noble a Man, fould be (educed
and abufed, be the Flatterie of fick ane infaimed Perfone of the Law, and men-
fworne Apoftate, quho under the Pretence that he gevis himfelf furth as a Preicheour
of the Evangell and Veritie, under that Colour fettis fiirthe Schifmes and Divifi.
ounis in the halie Kirk of God, with hereticall Propofitiounis, thinkand that under
Ms Manet einance and Defence, to infeH this Cuntrey with Here fie, perfwading my
find Lord, and utheris his Bairnis and Freindis, that all that be Jpeikis is Scrip-
ture, and con forme thair to, albeit that mony of his Propofitiounis ar mony Teirs
paji condemned by the gennall Comfaillis, and the haill EJiait of Chrifiiane People.
Fourthlie,
Lib. I. of J^cligiotmin Scotland. 103
Fourthlic, To fchaw to my Lord how perillons this is to his lordfchip av-i his
Hoiis^ and Decay thtiiifj^ hi cais the Aiihoritie waU he fchahfc, ayxd wuU ufe
hayth couforme to Chill and Cinon^ and alfo your awin Miinuipall Law of this
Reahne.
Fiftlie, I'o fchaw his Lordefchip how wae I wald he^ eyther to heir^ fie, or haw
ot;y Difplefonr that micht cum to him, his Sone, or ony of his Hoits or Freindis
and efpeciaUie in his awin Tyme and Dayis. yind alfo ho-w grit Di/plefioe I have
ellis to heir ^reit and evill Bruit of him that foiild now in his Age, in a waiier
waver frome his Fayth, and to he altered thairin quhen the Tyme is that he foul J
he nioji fare and firme thairin.
Sixtlie, To fchaw his Lordfchip that thair is Delatiom of that Man callit Dou-
glas, or Grant, of fitndrie Jrtickles of Here fie quhilk lyts to my Change and Con-
fcience to put Remedie to, or ellis all the pefiilentius Do^rane he fawis and ftck-
lyk all that ar corrupted be his DoHrane, and all that he drawis fra our Fayth
and Ch lift tane Religioun, will ly to my Chairge hefoir God : And I to be acculed
lejoir God for overfeiiig of him, gif I put not Remedie thairto, and correfl him
for fick Thingis he is delaited of And thair fair that my Lord confidder, and
wey it Weill, how hichelie it lyis hayth to my Honour and Coiijcieiice: For if I
thoill him, I will be accufed for all thame that /v corrupt is and infe^is in He^
refie.
Heirfeir I pray, my Lord, in my maift hatrtie maner to tak this Mat*:
ter in the heft Pairt for his awin Confcience, Honour, and IVeill of himfelf
Ecus, Freindis, and Servandi : Aid ficklyik for my Parte, and for my Con fiend
and Honour, That confiddering that thair ar divers Artickles of Here fie to he layd to
him, that he is dilaited of, and that he is prefentlie in my Lords Citmpanie : That
my Lord wald he fum honeft Way departe with this Man, and put him fra him
avd fra his Sonis Cumpanie : For I wald be richt forte that ony being in ony of
thair Cimpanies fould be callit for fickCaufes, or that ony of thame fould be bruit-
ed to hald ony fick Men. And this I wald adverteis my Lord, and have his Lord-
fchipis Anfwer and Rejolutioun, or ony Siimmondis pajfit one hiniy togither with my
Lordis Anfwer.
Item, Gif my Lord wald have a Man to inftruFl him trewlye in the
Fayth, and preiche to him, I wald provyde a cunning Man to him, quhairfoir /
fall anfwer for his trew Doclrane, and fall put my Saiill thairfoir, that he fall
teiche nathing bot trewlie according to our Catholick Fayth. Of Edinburghe this
la ft <?/Merche iJiS.
Sic fubfcribitur,
San^ Androis.
Item, Atiour, your Lordfchip fall draw to gud Remembrance, and wey the grit
and hevye Murmuir again ft me, hayth be the l^teinis Craice, the Kirhnen, Spirit
tuall andTemporall Eftattis, ana weill gevin Pepiil, moaning, crying, and murmuir-
ing me greitomlie. That I do not my Office, 'Jo thole fick infamous Perfnes, with
fick perverfit Doffrane, within my Diocie, and this Reiilme, be re/one of my Le^
gacie and Primacie, which 1 have rather fufteined and long fuffered, for the grit
Lttfe I lad to your Lordfchip and Pofteritie, and your Freindis, and your Hous:
Alfo hleiving furelie your Lordfchipis Wifedcme fould not have manteined and meU
Jit wuh fick Thingis that w^ck do me Difhcnour or Difplefour, confiddering I being
reddte to put gude Ordour thairto alwayis ; hot hes alanerlie abfieinedy for the Luif
C c 3 of
1 04 The Hiftorie of the Re/orm.itioim Lib. I*^
of your Lord/chip and Ho us foirjaid^ that I beir trewlie^ hiamng aud fehig the
greit Skaythe, and D'ljhonour and Lack appeirandlie that m'lcht cum thairthrowch^
in ca'u your Lordfchip reme'id not the famyn haijielie, quhuirhy -uve m'lcht hayth be
quit of all Danger, quh'dk doutles mil cum upoun us hayth, gij- 1 ufe not my Office,
or that he he callit, in theTyme that he is now with jour Lordfchip, and under
your Lordfchips Prote^ioun.
Subfcryvit agane,
San^ Androis.
By thefe former Iiiftu61:iounis, thow may perceave, gentill Reidar, what
was the Can- that this Paftur, with his Complices, tuke to feid the Flork comit-
ted to thair Cliairge, as thay allege, and to gainftand tals Teichearis. Heir is
is oft Mentioun of Confcience, of Herefie, and fuche uther Tearmes, thai:
may fray the Ignorant, and Simple deceave. But we heir no Cryme in par-
ticular laid to the Chairge of the Accufed; and yit is he dananed as ane men-
fworne Apolkte. This was my Lordis Confcience, which he leirned of his
Fatheris, the Pharifeis, auld Enemies to Chrift Jellis, who damned him befoir
thay hard him. Bot who reulled my Lordis Confcience, when he tuk his
Kin's Wyf, Lady Giltoun ? Confider yow the reft of his Perfwafioun,
and yow fall deirlie fie, that Honour, Eftimatioun, LovetoHoufeandFreindis,
is the beft Ground, that my Lord Bifchope hes, why he fould persecute Je-
fus Chrift in his Members. We thoichte gude to inlert theAnfweris of the
(aid Erie, whiche follow.
Memorandum. This prefent Writ is to mak anfwer particularlie to everie Artickle,
direHed he my Lord of San5f Androis to me, with Sir David Haumiltoun,
quhilk Artickles ar in Number nyne^ and heir repeitted and anfwer ed, as I truiftj
to his Lordfchipis Contentment.
THe firfi Artickle puttis me in Remembrance of the Antiquitie of the
Blude of my Hous, how many Erles, Lordis, and Knychtis hes
bein. thairof; how mony Nobilmen delcendit frome the fame Hous, how
long it continewed trew to God and the Prince, without Smote in thair
Dayis, in ony Maner of Sorte.
Anfvoeir. Trew it is, my Lord, that thair is weill long Continewance of my
Hous, be Godis Providence and Benevolence of our Princes, quhome we have
(erved, and fall ferve trewlie nixt to God. And the lyk Obedience towardis
God and our Princes remainis with us yir, or rather better ( prayfed be the
Lord's Name ) nether knaw we ony Spotre towardis our Princes and hir dew
Obedience. And gif thair be Offence towardis God, he is merciful I to re-
mit our Offences ; for he will not the Deithe of a Synner: Lyk as, it ftands in
his omnipotent Power to mak up'Houfes, or continew the famyn, to alter
thame, to mak thame fmall or grit, or to extinguifche thame, according to his
awin infcrutable Wifclome; for in exalting, depreffing and changing of Houfes,
the Laude and Prays mufte be gevin to that ane eternal] God, in quhofe Handis
the fame ftandis.
The fecund Artickle beiris the grit Effeftioun and Love your Lordfchip
belts towardis me and my Hous, and of the ardent Defyre ye have of the
per-
IB. I. of licligiotm if! Scothnd. 105
perpetual ftanding thairof in Honour and Fame, with all thame that is cum-
min oF it.
Anfjuer. Forfuith it isyourDewtie to vvifche Gude unto my Hous and un-
to thame that ar cumin ot the dime, nocht allancrlie for the Faythfulnes A-
mitic and Societic that hes bcin bctwix our Foirbcareris, bot all?) for 'the
Init Conjunftioun of Elude that is bctwix our laidis Houfes, <;if jt \^ God's
Plffure that it have Succes ; whiche fould ^\{ fufficieut Occufioun to your Lord,
fchip to wifche Gude unto my Hous, and Pcrpetuitie with Godis Glorie with-
out quhilk nothing is perpetuall, unto quhome be Prais and VVorfchip for evir
and evir. Amen.
<JhnJlte, Your Lordfchip dedairis, how defplcfand it is to yow, that I Cou\d
be reduced be ane inlaimed Perfone of the Law, and be the Flattery of ane
menlvvorne Apoftate, that under Pretence of his Furth-geving, makes us to
underhand that he is ane Preicheour of rho Evangell, and thairwith rayfcs
Schifmes and Divifiounis in the haill Kirk of God ; and be our Mentcinance
and Defence, wald infeft this Countrey with Herefle; ailcdging, that to be
Scripture, whilk thir mony Ycirs byganc hes bcin condemned as'Hercfic be
the General Coniaillis, and haill Eftait of Chriftian Pcpill. '
Aiif'-joer. The God that created Hevin a.id Eirthe, and all that fhairin is
prelerve me fra fcducing ; and I dreid mony urhcris under the Cullour cf God-
lines ar fcduccit, and thinkis that they do God a Plefour, quhen they pcrfecute
ane of thame that profefs his Name : Quhat that Man is of the Law we knaw
not, we heir nane of his Flatterie, his menfworne Ayth of Apoliacie is igno.
rant to us ; bot gif he had maid ane unlawful Ayth contrair Godis Comand it
war better to violate it, than to obfervc it ; he preichis nathing to us bot the
Evangell ; gif he wald utherwyis do, we wald not beleive him ; nor yit ane
Angell of Hevin. We heir him (aw na Schifmes nor Divifiounis, bot fick
as may ftand with Godis Word, whiche we fall caus him confes in Prcfence
of your Lordfchip and theClergie,whcn ye require us thairto. And as to it that
hes bein condemned by Gencrall Counfaills, we truif^, ye knaw weill that all
the GenerallCounfaillis hes bein at Diverfitieamongis thamefelfis, and nevir
twa of thame univerfallie aggreing in all P)intis, in fae mekill'as they ar of
Wen. Bot the Spreit of Veritie that beiris Teftimonie of our Lord Jefus hes
not, nether cannot erre ; For Hevin and Eirtle fill perifck, or ane Jotte of it
ferifcbe. By this, tiiy Lord, nether teiches he, nether will we accept of him
bot that quhilk aggreis with Godis finceir Worde, fet furthe be Pafriarkis Pro*
phetis, Apoftles and Evangelifts, left to our Salvatioun in his exprefs Word •
and fa, my Lord, to condemne the Doftrine not examined is not required • for
quhen your Lordfchip pleifes to heir the Confefiioun of that Manis Fayth
the Maner of his Doftrine, whiche aggreis with the Evangell of Jefijs Cl.rift*
I will caus him to aOift to Jugemenr, and fall be prefent thairat with Godis
Plefour, that he may render Reckning of his Beleif and ourDoarine to the
fupperiour Powers, according to the Prefcriptioun of that Elude of the eter-
nell Teftament feallit be the immaculat Lambe, to quhome, with the Father"
and Holie Spreit, be all Honour and Glorie, for evir and evir. Amen. *
The fourth Artickle puttis me in Remembrance how dangerous it is gif
the Authoritie wald put at me and my Hous, according to the Civil! ' and
Canone Lawis, and our awm Municipall Lawis of this Realme, and how it
appearethe to the Decay of our Hous.
Anfmir,
ic6 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
Anfwetr. All Lawis ar, (or at leift fuld be) fubjeft to God's Lawis,quhilk
Lawis fould be firft plaiced and planted in everie Manis Hairt; it fouldhave no
Impediment, Men fbuld not abrogat it, for the Defence and Upfetting of thare
awin Advantage. Gif it wald pleis Authorities to put at our Hous, for con-
feiTmg of Godis Word, or for Manteinance of his Law, God is michtie a-
neuche in his awin Caus ; he fbuld be rather obeyed nor Man. I will ferve
my Princes with Bodie, Hairt, Gudis, Strenthe, and all that is in my Power,
except that whiche is Godis Deutie, whiche I will referve to God allone, that
is, to worlchipe him in Treuthe and Veritie,and als neir as I can, conforme to
his prelcrybed Word, to his awin Honour, and Obedience of my Princes.
The fyft Artickle puttis me in Remembrance, how wae your Lordfchip
wald be to heir, fie or knaw ony Difplefour that michtcum to me, mySone,
or ony of my Hous, and fpeciallie in my Tyrae and Dayis • and alfo to heir the
grit and evill Bruit of me, that fbuld now in my Age, in a Maner begin to
waver from my Faythj and to be altered thairin, quhen the Tyme is that I
fould be moft fure and firme thairin.
Aifeiueir. Your Lordlchip's gude Will is evir maide manifeft to hie, in all
your Artickles that wald not fie, heir or knaw of my Difplefour, for the quhilk
I ame bund to rander your Lordfchip Thankis, and fall do the famyn alTured-
lie ; but as for wavering in my Fayth, God forbidde, that I fuld la do • for /
believe in God the Father Abnichtie^ Maker of Hevin and Eirthe^ and in Jejus Chriji
his onlie Sone our Saviour. My Lord, I vary not in my Fayth ; bot I prays God,
that of his Gudnes, now in my letter Dayis, hes of his infinite Mercie oppint
his Bofome of Graice iinto me, to acknowledge him, the eternell Wifdome,
his Sone Jeius Chrift ane fufficient Satisfaftioun, to refuis all Maner of Idola-
trie, Superflitioun and Ignorance, quhairwith I have bein blindit in Tymes by-
gane, and now beleves, that God will be mercifull to me; for now he hes
declairit his blelTit Will cleirlie to me, befoir my departing this tranfitorie
Lyif
The fext Artickle declairis, That thair ar Delatiounis of flirtdrie Pointis 6f
Herefie upoun that Man calJit Loughs ot Grant, whilk lyis to your Chairge and
Confcience, to put Remedie to, or ellis that all the peflilentius Doftrine he
fawis, and all whome he corruptis with his Seid, will be required at your
Handis, and all quhome he drawis from your Chrifliane Fayth ; and if ye
fould thoill him, that ye will be accuifed for all thame whome he infeflis with
Herefie; and thairfoir to regaird your Lordfchip's Honour and Co||fc;,ence
heiruntill.
Anpweir. What is his Surname I knaw not, bot he c'allis himfelf Douglas ;
tor i knaw nether his Father nor his Mother. I have hard him teich na Ar-
tickles of Herelye, bot that whilke agreis with Godis Worde ; for I wald
manetein no Man in Herefie nor Errour. Your Lordfchip regairds your Con-
fcience in the Punifchment thairof. I pray God, that ye fa do, and examyn
your Confcience weill. He preiches againfl Idolatrie ; I remitt to your
Lordlchipis Confcience, gif it be Herefie or not. He preiches againfl Adulte-
rie and Fornicatioun ; I refer that to your Lordlchip's Confcience. He preiches
againft HypoCrifie, 1 referre that to your Lordfchip's Confcience. He preiches
againfl all Maner of AbufTes and Corruptioun of Chriflis fincere Religioun ; I
refer that to your Lordfchipis Confcience. My Lord, I exhorte yow inChriflis
Name, to wey all thir Effaires in your Confcience, and confidder, if it be
your Dewtie alfo, not onlie to thole this, bot in lyk Maner to do the ftme.
This
Lib. 1. oj Rcltgioun in Scotland. 107
This is all, my Lord, that I varie in my Age, and na uther Thing, bot that
I knew not befoir thcfe Ortences to be abhominable to God, aiid now knavving
his Will, be Manifcltatioun of his Worde, abhorres thame.
The fevint Artickle delyres me to wey thir Matters in maift hairtie Ma-
ner, and to tak thame in bel^ Parte, for the weill of bayth our Conlciences
my Hous, Freindis and Servandis, and to put fick ane Man out of my Cum-
panie, for feir of the Cummer and Bruit that fud follow thairone, be rt-ffme
he is delaited of fundrie Hercfies : And that your Lordlchip wald be (brie
to heir ony of our Servands delaited or bruitted for fick Caufts, or for bald-
ing of ony fick Man ; and that your Lordlchip wald underftand my Anfwer
heiruntill, or ony Summondis paflied thairupoun.
Jnf-joeir. I thank your Lordfchip gritlie, that ye ar (b (blift for the weill of
me, and of my Hous, and is fo humane, as to mak me the Adverteifrnenr
befoir ye have (limmondit, of your awin gud Will and Benevolence • And
hes Weyed thir Matteris, as heichlie as my Jugement can (erve me bayth
for your Lordfchips Honour and myne. And quhen I have reflbnit all that
1 can do with my (elf in it ; I think it ay beft to forve God, and obey his
manifeft Word, and not be obftinate in the contraric, (jne to gif thair dew
Obedience to the Princes, Reullaris, and Magiltrates, and to heir the Voice
of Godis Propheitis, declairing his gude Promei(es to thame that repentis
and threatning to obftinate wicked Doaris, everlafting Diftruftioun. Your
Lordlchip knawis weill the Man, he hes fpckin with your Lordfchip : I
thocht yow content with him. I hard no Occafioun of Offence in him.
I cannot weill want him, or fum Freicheour. I cannot put away fick ane
Man, without I knaw him ane Offendare, as I knaw notj for I heir nothing
of him^ bot fick as your Lordfchips feif hard of him, and fick as he yit will
protes in your Prefens, quhenevir your Lordfchip requires. Sick ane Man
that is reddie to afT-ft himfelf to Jugement, fould not be expellit without
Cognitioun of the Caus ; for lyk as I anfwerit befoir in ane uther Artickle
quhen your Lordfchip pleifes, that all the SpiritUall and Temporall Men of
Eftait of Scotland beis conveinit, I fall caus him rander ane Accompte of his
Beleif and Doftrin in your Prefenfes ; then gif he defervisPunifchment andCor-
reftioun, lat him fb fufFer ; gif he be found fayrhfull, lat him leif in his
Fayth.
The aught Artickle proponis unto me. That your Lordfchip wald tak the
Labour to get me a Man to inftruct me in your Catholick Fayth, and to be
my Freicheour, for whais Doftrine ye wald lay your Saull, that he wald teiche
nathing, bot trewlie confurme to j'our Fayth.
Anjweir. God Almichtie fend us mony of that Sorte, that will preiche trew-
Le, and nathing bot ane Catholik univerfall Chriftiane Fayth • and we Hieland
rude Pepill hes mifter of thame. And if your Lordfchip wald get and pro-
vyde me fick a Man, I fould provide him a corporall Leving, as to my felf
with grit Thankis to your Lordfchip : For trewlic, I and many ma hes
grit Mifter ot fick Men. And becaus 1 am abill to fuftein ma nor ane of
thame, I Will requeift your Lordfchip earneftlie to provyde me fick a Man as
ye wrait, for the EarieCt is grit^ and thair ar fr^ Lahouraris.
The lafi and nynt Artickle puttis me in Remembrance to corfidder quhat
murmuir your Lordfchip tholles, and great Bruit, at many Menis Handis
bayth Spreituall and Temporall, and at the Queinis Graices Hand, and utheris
Weill gevin Pepill, for not putting of Ordour to thir Effairs^ and that your
D d 0 lord.
o8 The Hijlone of the Rejormatioun Lib. I.
Lordfchip hes abfteinit fra Executioun heirof, for Love of my Hous and Po-
fteritie to the Effe6t that my felf fould remeid it, for feir of the Di(honour
micht cum upoun us bayth for the fame: Quhilk being remeidit, micht bring
us out of all Danger.
Aupweir. My Lord, I knaw weill quhat murmuir and Indignatioun your
Lordfchip thoilles at Enemies Handis of all Eft.iiris, for non perfevving of pure
fimple Chriflianes : And I knaw,that if your Lordfchip wald ufe thair Confaill,
that wald be blude fchedding and burning of pure fimple Men, to mak your
Lordfchip ferve thair wicked Appetytis j yit your Lordfchip knaws your awin
Dewtie and fould not feir the Danger of Men, as of him quhome ye pro-
fes. And verrelie, my Lord, thair is nathing that may be to your Lordfchipis
Releif in this Behalf, bot I will ufe your Lordfchipis Counfaill heiruntill, and
furder the fahiyn, Godis Honour being fij-fi provydit, and the treuthe of his
eternall Word having Libertie. And to abfteane for my Love fra Perfute, as
your Lordfchip hes fignified, I ame addettit to your Lordfchip, as I have
•writtin divers Tymes befbir. Bot thair is ane above, for whois feir ye mane
abfteane fra Blude-fchedding, or ells, my Lord, knock one your Confcience,
Lai^ of all, your Lordfchip pleis to confidder how defyrous fum ar to faw
Seditioun amonges Freindis j how michtie the Devill is to faw Difcord ; how
that mony wald defyre na better Game, bot to hunt us at uther. I pray
your Lordfchip begylle thame ; we will agrie upoun all Purpoifes with Godis
Plefbur, ftanding to his Honour. Thair ar divers Houfes in Scotland by us,
that profefs the lame God fecreitlie ; they defyre bot that ye begin the Bar-
gan at us ; and quhen it beginnis at us, God knawis the End thairof^ and
quha fall byde the nixt Put. My Lord, confidder this, mak na Preparative
of us : Lai not the vane Exhortatioun of thame that regairdis litill the
Strenthe and Weill of bayth of our Houfes, fturr up your Lordfchip, as they
■wald, to do againft God, your awin Confcience, and the Weill of your Po-
fteritie for cvir. And thairfoir now in the End, I pray your Lordfchip wey
thir Thingis wyfelie; and gif ye do utherwayis, God is God, was, and fall
be God, quhen all is wrocht that Man can work.
This Anfwer receaved, the Bifchope and his Complices fund thamefelfis
fumquhat diffapointed ; for the Bifchopis luked for nathing lefs than for fiiche
Anfwer from the 'Erie oi Argylle j and thairfoir they maid thame for thair
extreim Defence, that is, to corrupt, and by Buds to flur up the Quein Regent
in our contrair ; as in the Secund Buk we fall more cleirlie heir. Schorte ef-
ter this, the Lord callit to his Mercie the faid Erie of Argyll from the Mife-
ries of this Lyfe ; quhairofthe Bifchopis war glaid; for they thoicht that
thair grit Enemie was takin out of the Way, bot God diflapointed thame ;
For as the faid Erie departit maift conflant in the trew Fayth of Jefus Chriff,
with a plain Renunciatioun of all Impietie, Superftitioun, and Idolatrie ; Co
left he it in his Teftament to his Sone, That he fuld ftudie to (et ford ward
the publi^l: and trew preiching of the Evangell of Jefus Chrift, and t6 flippres
all Superftitioun and Idolatrie to the uttermofl of his Power. In whiche
Point fmnll Fault can be fund with him to this Day, the Joth of Maiij amo
1568. God be mercifull to his uther Offences. Amen.
The
Lib. I. of Religioun in Scotland. lo5>
The Blind, Crooked, Bedralis,Widowis, Oiphelingis, and
all utlier Pure, fa vilit be the Hand of God as may not
Worke,
To the Flockis of all Freiris within this Realme, we wi(che Reftitutioun of
Wrangis bypaft, and Reformatioun in Tymes cuming, for Salvatioun.
rE your felfis ar not ignorant^ and thocht ye wald be^ it is now (thankis to
God) Weill hiaw'm to the haill WarUy be his maiji infallthill Word That
the Benegnitie or Almes of all Ckriftiane Pepill perteinis to us allanerlie • quhilk
ye^ being haill of Bodie^ Jiark^ fturdiey and ahiil to work^ quhat under Pretence
of Po-vertie^ and nevirtheles poffeffing maift eafelte all Abundance^ quhat threw clockit
and huidit Simplicitie, thoch your Proudnes is knawin, and quhat fenyeit Holiner
•whiche now is dedaired Siiperliitioun and Idolatrie, hes thir mony Teirs expres a-
gainft Godis JVord, and the Pra^eis of his holie Apoftles^ to our grit Torment aU
iace! maifi falflie ftollen fra us. And als ye have be your fals Doctrine and wr eft-
ing of Godis I'Vorde {leirtied of your Father Sathan) induced the haill Pepill hie
and low, in fure Hope of Beleif, that to cloithe, fe'id, and nurifche yow is the
lonelie maifi acceptabill Almes allowed befoir God ^ and to gif ane Pennie or ane
Peice of Breid anis in the Oulk is yneuchc for us. Evin fo ye have perfwadit
ihame to bigge to y(m grit Hofpitallis, and mantein yow thairin be thair Purs
quhilk onlie perteinis now to m be all Lazy, as biggit and dottat to the Pure of
whois Number ye ar not, nor can be repute, nether be the Law of God nor yit be
iia uther Law proceiding of Nature, Refibne, or civill PoUicie. ^hairfoir feina
our Number is fa grit, fa indigent, and fa hevilie oppre/ftt be your fals Meanis
that nane takis Cair of our Miferrie : And that it is better for us to provide
thir our impotent Members, quhilk God hes gevin us, to oppone to yow in plain Con-
traverfie, than to fie yow heirefter, as ye have done afoir, fieill fra us our Lev~
ingis^ and our felfis in the mein Tyme to perifche and die for want of the fame.
We have thoicht gude thairfoir, or we enter with y&w in Confix, to wairne yow
in the Name of the grit God, be this publivl wrytting, affist one your ITettis quhair
ye now dwell, that ye remove furthe of our faid HofpitaUis, betwix this and the
Feili of Whitfunday next : Sua that we the onel'ie lawfull Proprietaris thair of
may enter thairto, and efterward injoy the Comodities of the Kirke whiche ye
Jiave heirunto wrangouflie haldin from us. Certifeing yow, and ye failye we will
at the faid Terme, in haill Number, with the Helpe of God, and the Affiftance of
his SanHis in Eirthe, (of whois reddie Supporte we dout not) enter and tak Pof.
feffioun of our faid Patrimonie, and eje^ yow utterlie furthe of the fame.
Lat him thairfoir that befoir hes ftollen, fteill no mair, but rather lat him
worke with his Handis, that he may be helpefull to the Pure.
Fra the haill Cities, Tounis and Villages of Scot-
land, /^f firft Lay of Januare i;;8.
The Bifchopis continewed in thair provincial! Cohfiill evin unto that Day
that Johne Knox arryved in Scotland; and that they micht gif fum Schaw to
the Pepill, that they myndit Reformatioun, they fparfed abroad a Rumour
E e thairoi^
no
The Hijlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. I.
thairof, and fct furthe fumquhat in Prent, whiche of the Pepill was callir.
The 'Tiva-pemiy Fayth. Among thair A6lis thair was muche ado for Capis,
fchavin Crounis, Tippettis, lang Gownis, and fuch utlier Trifellis.
I. Item. That nam fould in joy Office, or Benefice ecclefiaflicall, except a Frieft.
II. Item, 'ihat na Kirk-man fould nourifche his awin Bairne in his awitt
Cumpanie, hot that everie ane fould hald the Children of utheris.
III. That none fould put his awin Sane in his awin Benefice.
IV. '^hat gtf any war found in oppine Adulterie, for the firfi Fault he fould
his the Third of his Benefice j for the fecund Cry me the Half, and for the third
the haill Benefice.
Bot heirfra apeillit the Bifchope of Murray, and uther Prelatis, faying,
That they wald abyd at the Canoun Law. And fo they micht Weill aneuche
do fo lant' as they remainit Interpretars, Difpenfatours, Makers and Difla-
nullers of that Law. Bot lat the fame Law have the trew Interpretatioun,
and iuft Executioun, and the Devill fall alTone be provin a trew and obedient
Servand to God, as ony of that Sort fall be provin a Bifchope, or yit to have
ony ]ui\. Authority within the Churche of Chrill Jefus. Bot we returne to
our H»iioi-ie.
The Perfecuti^un was decreeid, alfweill by the Quein Regent as by the
Prelattis ; bot thair refled a Poynt, whiche the Quein Regent and France had
not at that Tyme obteined, to wit. That the Crown matrimoniell Ibuld be
eranted to Francis, Hufband to our Soverane, and fo fould France and Scotland
be bot one Kingdome, the Subjefts of both Realmes to have equall Liberties,
Scoitis Men in France, and Frenche Men in Scotland. The Glifter of the Pro-
feit that was jugeit heirof to have infewit to Scottis Men, at the firft Sicht^
blindit mony Menis Eyis , bot a fmall Wind caufit that Mift fuddanelie to
evanifche away ; for the grittefl Offices and Benefices within the Realms
war apointed for Frenche Men. Monfieur Rubie keipt the Greit Seili. VieU
viort was Controller ; Melrofs and Kelfo fould have bein a Commend to the
puire Cardinall ofLorayne; theFredomes of Scottis Merchents wer reflraynedin
Roiijane and they compellit to pay Toll and Taxatiounis, uthers then their an-
cient Liberties did beir. To bring this Held to pas, to wit, to get the matri-
moniell Crown, the Quein Regent left no Point of theCompafs unfaylled. With
the Bifchopis and Preiflis fche prafteifed one this Maner.
2^6' may cleirlie fie, 'J'hat I cannot do quhat I wald within this Realme ; for thes
Heretyikis, and Conjedderatis of Ingland ar fo bandit togither, that they ftoppe
all <^iide Ordure ; bot will ye be fivorabill unto me in this Suit, of the matri-
moniell Crown to be grantit to my Docker's Hufband, then fall ye fie how I fall
handill thefe Heretyikis and Tratours or it be lang. And in verie deid, in thes
hir Promeifes, fche meanit no Deceat in that Behalf
Unto the Protef^antis, fche faid, lame not unmyndfull, how oft ye havefuitit me for
Reformatioun in Religionn, and gladlie wald I confent thairwito; bot ye fie the Power
and Craft of the Bifchop of San^ Androis, togither with the Power of the Duke^
and of the Kirk men, evir to be bent againft me in all my Proceidingis ; fo that I may
do nothing, unles the full Authoritie of this Realme be devolved to the King of
France, whiche cannot be bot by Donatioun of the Crown Matrimoniall, whiche
Th'^ gif ye will bring to pas, then devife ye quhat ye pleis in Materis of Religi-
Qun, and they fall be granted. With this Comifiioun and Credit, was Lord
"garnet
iIB.
I.
of Rdigioun in Scotland.
m
James^ then Fryour of St. Avdrois, direft to the Erie of Agyll^ with many
utheris Promcifes then we lift to rehers. By ftche Diflimulatioun to thofe
that war fimple and trow of Hairt, inflamed fchc thamc to be more fervent
in hir Petitioun, then hirfelf appeared to be : And fo at the Parliament
haldin at FJhihurghe in the Monethe of O^oler, the Yeir of God i/cS it
was cleirlie voited, no Man reclaiming, except the Duke for his Interefs • and
yit for it thare was no better Law produced, except that tharc was ane fb-
lempnit Mefs appointed, for that Purpois in the Pontificall. This Heid ob-
teinit, quhairat France and fche principally fchotte, quhat Fayth fche keipte un-
to the Proteftantis, in this our fecound Buke fall be declairit ; in the Be-^inin"-
quhairof, we man more amplie rehers fum Things, that in this' our firfl ar funS
marily tuitched.
The End of the firft Buke.
^.
115
mam
*^fly
'"^B?V5B^'
"^6 W'
/^ft).^^^
MM
THE
Secunde Booke
OF THE
H I S T O R I E
O F
Thingis done in SCOTLJNV, in the Refor-
matioun of Religioun, begining in the Yeir
of God 1558.
UR Purpois was to have
maid the begining of our
Hiftorie, from the thingis
that war done, from the
Yeir of God 1558, till the
Reformatioun of Religioun,
whiche of Godis Mercie we
anis pofleflit- and yit in
Do6l;rine, and in the rycht
Ufe of Adminiftratioun of Sacramentis, do
poifefs.
F f Bot
^W
t^^^I^H
m
^^ra
^'F^'Ti^mb-^
^M
^n ^ )m^^^^
i^r^
^|^|L.«^j^^g%>
i.H
l^^p^^^
m
^^m
114
Bot becaus divers of the godlie, as befoir
is faid, earneftlie requirit, That fuche Per-
fonis as God raifit upe in the middeft of
Darknes, to oppone thamefellis to the fame,
fould not be omitted, we obeyed thair
Requiett, and have maid a fchorte Reherfall
of all fuche Matteris as concerne Religioun,
f rome the Deyth of that notable Servand of
God, Mr. Tatril^Haumiltom, unto the foirfaid
Yeir, quhen that it pleifed God to luke up-
oun us more mercifullie then we deilerved,
and to gif unto us gritter Baldnes, (albeit not
without Hafard and Truble) and better Suc-
ces in all our Interpryfes then we luikit for,
as the trew Narratioun of this fecound Buke
fall Witnes. The PREFACE quhairof fol-
lowis.
V
PR^
115
M^'^tl^
>^
^^
^
^i^S
^S
ll
1^
^^
^j(>
e' ->''i
b -^^^
V . - 1
^
m
■f ■'--^ ■ "
"^
fe'
P R iE F A T I O.
EAST that Sathan by our long Silence fall
tak OccafioLin to blafphenie, and to fclan-
der us the Protejiimtis of the Realme of
Scotland^ as that our Fad: lendit rather
to Seditioun and E.ebellioun, than to Re-
formatioun of Alamrs, and Abufes in Re-
Ugioun; We have thoicht expedient fotrewlie and brevelie
as we can, to comitt to wryticing the Caufcs moving us,(us,
we fay, ane ^rit Part of the Nobilitic and Barrones of the
Realme) to tak the Sworde of juft Defence, againft thois
that maift injuftlic feik cur Diflru(5lioun. And in this
our Confeflioun we fall faythfuUie declair quhat moved
us to put our Handis to the Reformatioun of Religioun;
How we have proceiddit in the fame ; Quhat we have
asked, and quhat prefentlie we require of the facreit Au-
thoritie : to the end that our Caus beinge knawin, alf-
weill our Emmies as our Brethrein in all Realmes, may
underftand how falllie we ar accufed of Tumult and Re-
bellion, and how injufllie we ar perfecuted by France^
and by thair Fadtioun : As alfo that our Bretherin naturall
Scottifwen^ of quhatfoevir Religioun they be, may have
Occafioun to eiaminate thamefelfis, Gif thajt, may with
F f i faif
ii<^ TKMFATIO,
faif Confciencc oppone thamefclfis to us, who feik no-
thing hot Chrift Jejus his glomus Evangell to be prekhed,
his holy Sacramentis to be trewlie minifirate, Superftitiotm,
n^-^rannie^ and Idolatrie to be fupprejjed in this Realme;
And iinallie, The Libertie of this our native Cuntrey to re-
mane frie from the Bondage and Ttrranie of Strangeris. , {
Quhill that the Quein Kegent piacfteifed with the I^ie-
latis, how that Chrift Jefus his blcflit Evangell micht uc-
tcrlie be fuppreilit within Scotland, God fo bHftit the La-
bours ot his waik Servants, that na fmall Parte of the .Bar-
rones of this Reahiie began to abhore the Tyrranie of the
Bilchopis : God did ib oppin thair Eyis by the Licht ol
his Word, that thay could cleirlie difcernc betwix Idola-
trie, and the tiew honouring of God : Yea, Men almojft
univerfallie began to dout quhidder they micht (God not
offendit) gif thair bodelie Pretence to the Mefs, or yit
offer thair Childrein to the Papifticall Baptifme To the
whiche doutcis quhen the maift godlie, and maift leirned
in Europe had anlwered, bothe by VVorde and Writ, af-
firming, TW nether of bothe vje micht do, without the ex-
treim "JPerriiiis of our Saullis, we began to be more trou-
blit : For then alfo began Men of Eftimatioun, and that
bair Reulle amongeft us, to examinate thamefelfis concern-
ins thair Dewtis, alfweill towardis Reformatioun of Reli-
gioun, as toward the juft Defence of thair Brethrein maift
cruellie perfecutted. And fo began divers Queftiounis to
be moved, to wit, Gif that zvith faif Conference juch as
zver Juges, Lordis, and Reul/aris of the Pepiii, micht jcr^e
the upper Towers in mainteining of Iddatrte, in per fecut ting
thair Bretherin, and in fupprefsing Chrifts Truth ? Or,
^luhidder they to quhome Cod tn jum Caife had c omit ted
'the Sworde of Juft ice, micht fuffer the Blude of thatr 'Bre-
threin to be jched in thair Pre fens, without eny Declaratioun
that fuche lirranie difpleifit thame ? By the plain Scrip-
tures it was found. That a lyvelie Fayth required a plain
Confejsioun when Chrijiis Treuth is opugned, ^hat not onelie
ar they ^iltie that do evill, bot alfo they that ajjent to evill.
And plain it is, That they alTent to cvill, who feing Ini-
quitic
m
quitie oppinlie committed, by thair Silence feim to jufti-
fie and allow whatfoevir is done.
Thefe Thingis being rcCoh'ed, and fufficientlie proven
by evident ScriptLiics of God, we began everie Man to
luke more diligcntlie to his Salvatioun: For the Idola-
trie and Tviranie of the Clergie, callic the Churchemen,
was and is fo manifcft, that whofoevir doethc deny it,
declairech himiclf ignorant ot God, and Enemic to Chrift
Jcfus. We thairfoir with humbill ConfefTioun of our for-
mer Offences, with fafting and Supplicatioun to God, be-
gan to (eik fum Remedie in fo prcient a Danger. And
firft it was concludit, l^hat the Brethren in e^verie ^oun
at certane Tymes juld aljemhle togither, to Comotm'Prayarisy
to E^erceis, imd reiddino of the Scriptures, till it fould pleis
Cod toge<ve theSermone of Exhortationn to [ome for Comfort
and Injirti^ioun of the refl.
And this our waik begyning did God fo blis, that with-
in a few Monethis the Hairtis of many wer fo flrengthned,
that we focht to have the Faice of a Churche amongis us,
and oppin Crymes to be punifched without refpedt of
Perfone : And for that Purpois by coinoun Elciflioun, wer
Elders appointed, to quhom the haill Brethrein promeifitr
Obedience: For at that Tyme we had no publidt Mini-
fteris of the Worde ] onlie did certane zealous Men, a-'
mongis quhome war the Laird of Dun, Da'vid Forres, Mr.*
Robert Lockhart, Mr. Robert Haumiltoun, Wtlliam Har-
lazvy and utheris, exhorte thair Brethrein, according to the
Giftis and Graices granted unto thame. Bot fchorte efter
did God Iteir up his Servand PauH o^ejfen (his latter
Fall aucht not to defaice the Worke of God in him^ who
in Baldnes of Spreit began oppinlie to preiche Chrift Jc-
fus in Dundie, in divers Partis of Angus, and in /)/?;
and fo did God work with him, that mony began oppinlie
to abrenunce thair auld Idolatrie, and to fubmitte thame-
felfis to Chrifl Jefus, and unto his bliflit Ordinances j in-
fcmuche that the Toun of Dttndie began to ere(51: the
Faice of a pubU«^ Churche reformed, in the which the
G g ~ Word
ii8
Word was oppinlie preiched, and Chnlbs Sacramentis
trewlie miniftrate.
In this mein Tyme did God fend to us our deir Bro-
ther Johne Wtllocky ane Man godlie, leirned, and grave,
who efcer his fchorc abode at Dundie, repaired to Edm-
htirgh, and thair, notwithiUnding his long and dangerous
Sicknes, did fo incurage the Brethrein by godlie Exhorta-
tiounis, that we began to deliberat upoun fum publict
Reformatioun ; for the Corruptioun in Religioun was
fuche, that with fave Confcience we could no longer fu-
ftein it : Yit becaus we wald attcmpte nothing without
the Knawleg of the facrate Authoritie, with one Confent,
efter the Dcliberatioun oi mony Dayis, it was concludit,
That by our publicft and commoun Supplicatioun, we
fould aitempte the Favours, Supporte, and Afliftancc of
the Quein then Regent, to a godlie Reformatioun : And
for that Purpois, efter that we had drawin our Oratioun
and Petition as followeth, we appointed frome amongeft
us a Man whos Age and Yeirs delerved Reverence, whofe
Honeftie and Worfchjp micht have cravit Audience of
ony. Magiftrate in Eirthe, and whofe faythfull Service to
the Authoritie in all Tymes had bein fuche, that in him
culd tall no Sufpicioun of unlawful! Difobedience. This
Oratour was that ancient and honourabil Father, Sir Jame^
Sandilands of Cdder Knycht, to quhome we gave Comif-^
fioun and Power in all our Names then prefent, befoir
the Quein Regent thus ,to fpeik.
THE
iJ9
THE FIRST
Oratioun and Petitioun
O F T H E
Protellantis of Scotia-id to the Qiieiii Regent.
L B E I T we have of long Time conteaned ourfelfis in
that Modeftie {maift Noble Piimefs) that nyther the Exylle
of Body, Tinfell of Goodis, nor perifching of this mor-
tall Lyif was able to convein us to ask at your Graice
Reformatioun, and Rcdrefs of thofe Wrangis, and of
that foir Grief patientlie borne of us in Bodyes and
Myndes, of fo lang Tyme ; yet ar we now of verie Con-
fcieilce, and by the Fear of our God, compelled to crave
at your Graices FeitRemeady againft the moft injuft Tyranny ufed againft your
Graces moft obedient Subjects, by thofe that be called the Eftate Ecckfiifti-
call. Your Grace can not be ignorant what Contraverfie hath bein, and yit
is concerning the trew Religioun, and rycht worfchipping of God ; and how
the Clergj^e (as they will be termed) ufurpe to thamefelfis fuche Impyre
above the Confcience of Men, that quhatfbever they comand muft be obey-
ed, and quhatfcever they forbid muft be avoided, without farder Re-
fpeft had to God's Plefour, Comandment, or Will reveilled to us in
his moft holy Word, or elHs thare abydeth nothing for us but Faggotr,
Fyre and Sworde ; by the whiche mony of our Brethrene, moft cruellie and
molt injiftlie, have been ftrickin of lait Yeirs within this Realme, whiche
row we find to truble and wound our Ccnfciences: For we acknowledge it
to have bein our bound Dewties befoir God, eyther to have defended our
Brethren frcm thofe crvell Murtherers, feing we ar a Parte of that Fewer
Avhich God had eftablifcbcd in this Realme, or ellis to have gevin oppin Te-
ilificatioun of ourFayth with thame, which now we cfller ourlelfis to do, leifl
G g 2 that
I20 "^rhe Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib 11.
■di_
that by our coatinual Sylence we fall feim to juftify thair cruell Tyrranny j
which doeth not onlie difpleis us, but your Graces Wifedotne moft prudent-
lie doeth foirfie, that for the quieting of this inteftine DifTentioun, a publift
Reftrmiti m, alfweall in the Religioun,as in the temporall Government, war
moft necefTarie; and to the Performance thareof moft gravelie and moft god-
lie, as we ar informed, ye have exhorted ahweall the Clergy as the NobiHtie,
to employ thair Studie, Diligence, and Cair: We tharefoir of Confcience dar
no longer deflembill in Co wechty a Matter, whiche concernethe the Glory of
God and our Salvatioun : Nether now dar we withdraw our Prefence, nor
conceill our Peritiouns, leift that the Adverlaries heirefter fall objeft to us,
that Place was granted to Retormatioun, and yit no Man fuitted for the
fame, and fb fall our Sylence be prejudiciall to us in Tyme to coum : And
tharefoir, we knawing no uther Ordour placed in this Realme, but your
Grace, and your grave Counfaill, fet to amend alfweall the DifTordour Ecclefi-
afticall, as the Detaultis in the Temporall Regiment, moft humblie proftrate
ourfelfis befoir your Feit, asking your Juftice, and your gracious Help againft
thame that falflie traduce and accufe us, as that we war Heretyikes and Schif^
matickes, under that CuUour feiking our Deftruclioun, for that we feik the
Amendment of thair corrupt Lyves, and Chriftis Religioun to be reftored to
the originall Puritie. Farder we crave of your Grace, witli oppin and patent
Earis, to heir thole our flibfequent Requeiftis, and to the Joy and Satisfa6ii-
oun of our trubled Confciences, mercifully to grant the fame, unles by Goddis
plain Word oay be able to prove, that juftlie they aucht to be denyed.
The Fird Petitioun.
EIRST, Humhlie we ask. That as iioe have, of the Lawis of this ReaMe,
efter long Debaite, obteiued to retd the holie Buikis of the Auld and New
ments in our comoun Toungy as fpirituall Fude to our Sanllis, fa from hence'
forthe it may be lawfull that we may convein publicly or privatellie, to our co.
moun Prayaris in our "vulgar Toung, to the End that we may incres and grow in
Knawled^e j and be induced, in fervent and oft Prayers, to comeud to God the holie
Chnrche univerfall, the ^uein our Soverane, hir honorabill and gracious Husband,
the Stahiliiie of thair Succeffioun^ your Grace Regent, the NobiHtie, and haill
Eftait rif this Realme. ,•; ,,,.•
Secundly, Gf it fall happen in our faidis Conventionnis ony hard Place of
Scripture to be red, of the whiche no Profeit aryfeth to the Conveinaris, that it
fall be law full to ony qua li feit Perfone in Knawlege, being prejent, to inter preit and
oppen up the faidis hard Places to Goddis Glorie, and to the Profeit of the jiitdi^
tour ; and if ony think that this Libertie fould be Occafioun of Confufioun, De-
bait, or Herefie, we ar content that it be provydit, that the faid Interpretatioun
fall underlie the Jugement of the maift godlie and maift leirned within the Re-
alme at this Tyme.
Thirdly, That the holy Sacrament of Baptifme may be ufed in the vulgar
Toung, that the Godfathers and JVitnejfes may not only underftana the Poyntes of
the League and Contra^ maid betwix God and the Infant, hut alfo that th^
Churche than ajfembled, more gravelie may be informed and inftruHed of thair
Dewteis whiche at all Tjmes they aw to God^ according to that Promeis mAid un-
/ U
c
B,
II. of Rcligiomj in Scotland. I2I
to bitu^ qtihen thay ixar receaved into his HouJhoUe ly the Lavacrie of fpiritiiall
Regeneratioiin.
Feardly, IVe defwe. That the Sacrament of the Lordis Supper^ or of h'u mofl
hleffed Body and Elude, may like-wife he winiftrate to us in the -jtdgar 'Joung, and
in bothe Kyndis^ according to the plain hijiitution of our Saviour Chrift Jefus.
And laft, JVe uwft kimblie requyre, Thdt the -wicket, (lander ous, and dete-
ftalill Lyif rf Prelattes, and of the Slait Ecclefi aft i call, may he fo reformed, that
the Pepill by thame have not Occafwun, as of many Dayis they have had, to
contempe thair Miniftrie and the preicheing, whairof thay foiild be Mefl'engcrs.
And gif they fufpe.}, that ne, rather envying thair Honours, or covetting thair
Riches and Poffeffiouns, than z.ealouflie defyring thair Amendment and Salvatio/m,
do travell and labour for this Reformatioun ; ue ar content that not only the
Reullis and Preceptis of the Nevu Teftament, but cdfo the fVryttings of the anci-
ent Fatheris, and the godlie approved Lams of Juftiniane, decyde the Contr'over-
fie that is befxix us and thame ; and gif it fall he found, that eyther malevolent-
lie or ignorantly, ijoe ask more than thes thre foirnamed have requyred, and con-
tinuallie do reqityr of abell and trew Mini/ters of Chriftes Churche, -xe refuis not
CorreL^wun ai your Grace "with rycht Jugement /hall think meit. Bot and gif all
the foirnamed fall damn that -which "we damn, and approve that which ixe requyr
then we moft erneftly kefeik your Grace, that, nofwithftanding the long Confnxetude
•U'hiche they have had to leve as they lift, they be compelled to defift from Eccle-
ftafitcall Adminiliratioun, or to dif charge thair Dewties as lecnnetb trew Mini-
fiers ; fo that the grave and godlie Face of the primative Churche reduced, Ig-
not ai7ce may be expelled, treim Do^rine and gud Manneris may ones agane appeir
in the Churche of this Realme. Thefe Thingis we, as moji obedient Subje^lis, re-
quyre of your Grace, m the Name of the Eternall God, and of his Son Jefus
Chrift, in Prefence of quhofe Throne judiciall, ye and all uther that heir on Earth
lear Authoritie, fall give Accompts of your Temporall Regiment. The Spirit of
the Lord Jefus move your Graces Hairt to Juftice and Equitie. Amen.
Theis our Petitiounis being proponed, the Eftait Ecclcfiafticall began to
fiorme, and to devys all Maner of Lyes to defaice the Equitie of our Caus.
They bragged as thocht they wald have publift Difputatioun, which alfo we
moft erneftly requyred, twoThingis being prov}ded ; [ha former, Thzt the plane
and writtin Scriptures of God fould defyde all Controverfie. Secnudlie, That
our Brethrein,ofquhomefome war then exylled, and by thame injuftlie damcd,
fbuld have free Acces to the faid Difputatioun, and (ait Conduct to returne to
thair dwelling Plaices, notwithftanding any Procefs which befoir had bein laid
againft thame in Matteris concerning Religioun. Bot thefe being by thame
utterlie denyed, ffor no Judge wald they admitte bur thamefelfis, thair Coun-
feills and Cannon Law,) they and thair Faclioun began to draw certane Ar-
tickles of Reconciliatioun, promeifing to us, gif we wald admitte the Mefs to
ftand in hir former Reverence and Eftimatioun, grant Purgatorie efter this
Lyif, confes Prayer to Sanfts, and for the Deid, and fuffer thame to enjoy
thair accuftomit Rents, Pofteflioun and Honour, that then they wald grant to
us to pray and baptife in the vulgar Toung, to that it war done fecretlie and
not in the oppin Aflemblie. Bot the Grofenes of thofe Artickles war tuche,
that with ane Voice we refijfed thame, and conftantly craved Juftice of the
Quein Regent, and a refonabill Anfwer of our former Petitiounis. The Quein
than Regent, aneWoman craftie, diflimulatc and fals, thinking to mak hir Pro-
Hh feit
122 The Hillorie oj the Reformutioun L i b. IL
feit of bothe Parties, gave to us Fermifiioun to ufe ourfelfis ^odlie according
to our Dsfyris, provyding we fould not make publift Aflemblies in Edinburghe
or Leyth^ and did promeis hir Affiftance to our PreiclTours, untill -fome uni-
forme Ordour micht be eftablifched by a Parliament. To thame (we mean
the Clergie) fciie quierlie gave Significatioun of her Mynd, promifing that
how {bon ony Opportunitie fould lerve, fche iould fo put Ordour in thair
Matteris, that after thay fould not be trubled ; for fum fay, thay gave hir a
longe Purs, 40000 Poundis, (ayis the Chronicle, gstherit by the Laird of
Erlefhall. We nothing fufpedling hir Doubilnes, nor Fallhode, departed ful-
ly contented with hir Anfwer, and did ufe ourfelfis Co quietlie, that for her
Plelciur we put Silence to Johne Douglas^ quho publiftlie would have preich-
ed in the Toun of Leyth ; for in all Thingis we focht the Contentment of hir
Mynd, fo far furth as God fuld not be offendit with us, for obeying hir in
Thingis unlawflill.
Schortlie efter thefe Thingis, that cruell Tyrrant and unmercifull Hypo-
creit, falflie called Bifchope of Sanft Androis^ apprehended that blefled Mar-
tyr of Chrift jefus Walter Mylite, a Man of decreipit Age, whome moft cru-
ellie and moft injuftlie he put to Deithe by Fyre in Sanft Jndio/s, the Twenti
aucht Day oi Jpyylie, the Yeir of God i;;8 Yeirs, whiche Thing did Co
heichlie offend the Hairts of all Godlie, that immediatelie efter his Deyrh be-
gan a new Fervencie amongis the haill Pepillj yea, evin in the Trun of Sanft
Androis began the Pepill plainlie to dame Cnch. injuft Criielltie, and in Teftifica-
tioun that they wald that his Deyth fould abyde in recent Memorie, thare
was cafTin tOgither a grit Heipe of Stones in the Place qukare he was brunt.
The Bifohope and Preiftis thareat offended, caufled ones or twys to remove the
(am, with Denunciatioun of curfing, gif ony Man thare fould lay ony Stane :
But in vain was that Wynd blawin; for (till was the Heip maid, till that the
Preiftis and Papiftis did fteill away the Stanes by Nicht to big thair Wallis,
and to uther thair private Ufes.
"Wefufpefting nothing that the Quein Regent was confenting to the foirnam-
ed Murther, moft humblie did complain of (uche injuft Crueltie, requyring,
that Juftice in fuch Caices fould be miniftrate with griter IndifFerencie. Sche,
as a Woman borne to diffemble and diflave, began, with us, to lament the
Crueltie of the Bifchope, excuifing hirfelf as innocent in that Caus ; for that
the Sentence was gevin without hir Knawlege, becaus the Man fumtymes had
bein an Preift ; tharefoir the Bifchopis Officiallis did proceid upoun him with-
out ony Commiflioun of the Civill Authoritie, ex officio^ as they tearme it.
We yit nothing fufpefting hir Falfhode, requyred fom Ordour to be takin
againft foche Inormiteis, whiche fohe promiffed as befoir: Bot becaus fohorte
efter thare was ane Parliament to be haldin, for certane Eftairis perteining ra-
ther to the Queinis Profeit particulare, nor to the Comodicie of the comon
Welthe, we thocht gud to expone our Matter unto the haill Parliament, and
by thame to feik fom Redres. We tharefoir, with ane Confent, did oiF?r un-
to the Quein and Parliament ane Letter in this Tennour.
'The Forme of the Letter gevin to the Parliament.
UNto your Graice, and unto yew Richt Honourabill Lordis of this pre-
fent Parliament, humblie meinis and fchawis your Graces faythfull and
obedient Subjeftisj That quhare we ar daylie molefted, fclanderedand injured
be
L I B. II. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 1 2 3
be wicked and ignorant Perfones, Placeiialdcrs of the Minifteris of theChurche,
who molt untrevvlie ceis not to infame us as Heretykis, and under that Name
they have nioft crucllie perfecutcd divers of our Brethrein, and farder intend
to execute thair Malice againlt us, unlcfs be fum godlie Ordour thair Furie
and Raige be brydellit and ftayit ; and yit in us they ar abill to prove no
Cryme worthye of Punifchment, unlels that to reid the holie Scriptures in our
Allemblics, to invocate the Name ot God in publicl Prayeris, with all St.brietie
to interpret and oppin the Places of Scripture that be red, to the farder Edi-
ficatioun of the Brelhrcin aflemblcd, and trulie according to Chrilt [cfus his
holie Inftitutioun to miniikr the Sacraments, be Crymes worthie of Punifch-
ment. Uther Crymes we fay in us they ar not abill to convift. And to the
PremilTes ar we compeUed ; for that the faidis Plaicehalders difchairge no
Part of thair Dewties rychtly to us, nether yit to the Pepill fubjecl to us j
and tharefoir, unles we fould declair ourfelfis altogether unmyndfull of our
awin Salvatioun, we ar compelled, of verry Confcience, to ft'ik how that we
and our Brethrein may be delivered from the Thraldome of Sathan: For now
it hath pleafed God to oppen our Eyes, that mamfeftlie we fie, that without
extreame Danger of our Saullis, we may in no wayis comunicate with the
damnabill Idolatrie, and intolierable Abufes of the Papifticall Churche : And
tharefoir moll humblie requyr we of your Grace, and of your Rycht Hono-
rabill Lordis, Baronis, and BurgefTes alTembled in this prefent Parliament
prudentlie to wey, and as it becumes juft Judges, to grant theas our nioft
jurt and reffbnabil Petitiounis.
Firft, Se'iHg that the Controverfie hi Reli^'mm^ "johich long had coiitinewed he-
tv:ix the Proteftantis of Almanie, Helvetia, and uther FrovinceSy and the PapU
fticall Churche^ is not yit defyded by a lawfitll and general Com/jail ; and fcin"
that our Confcience s ar lyke^xyes twicheit with the Fear of God^ as 'was t hairs in
the Beginning of thair Controverfie^ "jve moft humbly defire^ 7'hat all fuche AJes of
Parliament^ as in the Tynie of Darbies gave Power to theCkurchenien to execute
than- Tyrrany agarift «j, he Kefjoun that --we to thame war delated as Heretykisy
may he juff ended and abrogat'edy till a generall Counfaill laixfullie afjembled have
defyded all Controverfies in Religioun.
And kaft that this Mutatioun fould feem to fet all Men at Libertie to live as
they lifty wf, (ecundarlie, requyre^ Thdt it he ena^ed by this prefent Parliament
^at the Prelattis and thair Officiaris he removed from Place of Jugementy on^
lie granting unto thame^ notthelefsy the Place of Accufators in the Prefens of a
temporall Juge, lefoir qiihome the Cimrchemen Accufatours fall be loundin to cull
ony by thame acciifed of Herefie, to quhome alfo they fall he hounden to deliver an
auttentick Copie of all Depofitioiinesy Accufatiounes, and Proces led againft the
Perfon accufedy the Juge likewyfe delivering the fame to the Partie accutfed afftgn'
ing unto him a competent Tear me to anfxer the faniy efter he had t akin fuffici-
ent Cautiouii judicio fifti.
Thirdly, fVe requyr eyllat all lawfull Defences he grantedtothe Perfouns accu-
fed ; as if he be abill to prove, that the JViineffes be Perfones unabill by Law to
iefiife againft thame, that then thair Accufatiounes and Difpofitiounes be null ac-
cording to Juftice.
Item, That Place be granted to the Parte accufed to explain and interprett his
awin Mynd and Meening ; whiche Confeffioun we reqiiyre to he inferted in public
A^eSy and be preferred to the Depofitiounis of ame Witnejfes, feing that nane
aucht to fuffer for Religiouny that is not found obftinate in his damnable Opinioun.
H h 2 Laft,
124 The Hillorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. II.
Laft, IVe requyre. That our Brethrein he not damned for Heretykes, iwles by
the manifeli Word of God they he conviHed to have erred from that Fuythe ■which
the holie Spreit ■wltneffethe to he necefjary to Sahcitioim^ and gif fo they be, we
refiife not hot that they he punifched according to Juftice, imlejs by hailfome Ad~
momtioun they can he reduced to a better Mynd.
'Thefe Th'ingis requyr we to be confidered of yow, quho occupy the Place of the
Eternall God, quho is God of Ordoiir and Treuthe, even in fuch Sorte as ye will
anfwer in the Prefens of his Throne judiciall : Reqiiyring farder, that favorably
ye mil have Refpe^l to the Tendernes of our Confciinces, and to the Truhle whiche
appeirethe to follow in this Comoun-welth, if the lyrranie of the Prelattis, and
of thair Adherent es, be not hrydelled by God and juji Lawis. God move your
Hairtes deiplie to confider your awin Dewteisy and our prefent Trubillis.
Thefe our Petltiounes did we firft prefent to the Quein Regent, becalife that
we war determinate to interprys nothing without hir Knawledge, moft hum-
blie requyring hir favorablie to affift us in our juft Aftioun. Sche fpaired
not amiable Luikis, and gude Wordis in abundance ; but always fche keipt
our Bill clois in her Pocket. When we requyred fecreitlie of hir Grace, that
our Petitiounes fould be proponed to the liaill AlTemblie, fche anfwered,
That fche thocht not that expedient ; for then wald the haill Ecclefiafticall Eftait
he contrarie to hir Proceidings, which at that Tyme wer greh ; for the matri-
monial Crown was asked, and in that Parliament granted: Bot, (aid fche,
/'ow fone Ordour can he taiken with thefe Things which now may be hindered by
the Kirkmen, ye fall knaw my gude Mynd ; and^ in the mean Tyme, quhatfoever
I may grant unto yow, fall he gladlie granted. We yit nathing fufpefting hir
Falfhode, wer content to give Place for a Tyme to hir PlefTour, and pretend-
ed RefTone ; and yit thocht we expedient flimquhat to proieft befbir thcDif^
Iblutioun of the Parliament ; for our Petitiounes wer rrtanifeftlie knawin to
the haili AfTemblie, and alfo how for the Queinis Plefour we ceafed to per-
(ew to the uttermoft. Our Proteflatioun was formed in the Maner follow-
ing.
Forme of the Protejiatioun maid in Parliament.
IT is not unknowin to this honourabill Parliament, what Controverfie li
now laitlie ryfTen betwix thefe that will be called the Prelatis and Reul-
laris of the Churche ; and a grit Number of us the Nobilitie and Comuna-
litie of this Realme, for the trew worfchipping of God, for the Dewtie of
Minifters, for the rycht Adminiftartion of Chrift Jefus holie Sacrament, how
that we have complained by our publi61: Supplicatiouns to the Quein Regent,
That our Confciences are burdened with unprofitable Ceremonies, and ar
compelled to adhere to Idolatrie ; that (iiche as tak upoun thame the Office
ecclefiafticall, difcharge no Parte thareof as becumeth trew Miniflers to do.
And finally. That we and our Brethrene ar mofl unjuftlie opprefTed by thair
ufurped Authoritie ; and alfo we fuppofe it is a Thing fufficiently knawin,
that we war of Mynd at this prefent Parliament to feik Redrefs of fick Enormi-
ties: But confiddering that the Trubles of the Tyme do not fuflfer fuche Re-
formatioun as we, by Godis plane Word, do requyre, we are enforced to delay
that which moft earneftly we defyre ; and yit leaft that our Sylence fould
give Occafioun to our Adverfaries to think, that we repent our former In-
terpryis,
IB. II. of Rcligioim in Scotland. 125
terpryis, we cannor ceas to prortft for Rcmcdic, againft that mort injuft Ty-
ranie whiche we heirtofoir nio(t paticntlie have furtaincd.
And firft \vc protcft, Tht fcbig ar cannot obtein aue ji<ft Reforuuitioiitf^ ac-
cording to GoMs IVorde^ that it be hrjuful to us to ufe our felfis in Mailer is of Re.
ligioun and Gnfcience, as -jje muili anfwer unto God, unto fuche Tynie as our Ad-
"jer fares be able to prove tl.awefelfis the trew Minifteris of Cbriftis Churche, and to
purge thaniefelfis of fuche Cymes as "jje have alreddie laid to thair Chairge, o^er-
tng our felfis to prove the fam ixhenfoevir the facrat Authoritie pleis to give us Au-
dience.
Secundly we proteft, I'hat nether -jce^nor yet ony uther that godlie lift to joyne
■with us in the trew Fayth, -xhiche is grounded upoun the invincibill JVorde of God,
fall incur ony Danger in Lyfe or Landts, or uther politic all Paims, for not oh-
ferving fuche Aclis as heirtofoir hav paffed in favours of our Adverjares, nether
yit for violatting of fuche Ryttes as Man without Godis Commandment or fVord hes
commandtt.
"We thridly proteft, That gif ony q'umuh or Uproare fall aryfe among the
Members of this Realme jor the Liver fitie of Religioun ; and if it fall chance that
Abufl'es be violenllie reformed, that the Cyme thairof be not impiit to us, who moft
humbly do now feik all Thingis to be rejormed by ane Ordour : Bot rather qiihalfo.
evir Inconvenience fall happen to follow for lack of Ordour talking, that may be
imputed to ihois that do refills the famyn.
And laft we proteft, That ihcfe our Requeifiis, proceiding from Confcience, do
tend lo no uther End, bol to the Reforwalioun of Ahuifles in Religioun onlie : Moft
lumblie befeikand the facrat Mthoritie to tak us faylhfull and obedient Subjects in
Frole^ioun again s our Adverfareis, and to fchaw unto us fuche Indifference in our
moft juft Petilwunes, as it becumelhe Godis Leivetennentis to do lo ihois that in his
Name do call for Defence agains cruell Opprefjours, and Blud.ihirffte Tyr-
rantis,
Theas our Proteftatiounis publiaiie red, we defyred thame to have bein
inferted in the comoun Regifter; bot that, by Labours of our Enemies, was
denyed unto us. Notthelels the Quein Regent faid, Me will remember what
is prole ft it, and me fall put gude Ordour after this lo all 'thingis that now he in
Contraverfie. And thus efter that fche be Craft had obteined hir Purpois, we
departit in gud Efperance of hir Favours, pra3fing God in our Hairtis, that
fche was fo weill inclynit toward Godlines. The gud Opinioun that we had
of hir Sinceritic, cauiTit us not onlie to fpend our Gudis, and haffard our
Bodyis at hir Plefour, bot alfo by our publict Lefteris writtin to that excellent
Servand of God Johne Calvin, we did prays and ccmmend hir for excellent
Knowlege of Godis Word, and gude Will towardis the Advancement of his
Glorie ; requiring of him. That by his grave Counfaill, and godlie Exhorta-
tioun, he wald animate hir Graice conftantlie to follow that,, whiche godlie
fche had begun. We did furder fchairpelie itbuke, bothe by Word and wryt-
ting, all fuche as appeired to fufpcft in hir ony Vercme of Hypocrifie, or
that war contrair to that Opiniovn whiche we had ccrceavcd of liir godlie
IVIynd. Eot hew far we war deccavcd in cur Opinicin,ard abuifit'by hir
Crafte, did fuddantlie appeir: For hew fone that all Thingis peiteinirg to
the Ccmcditie o( France war granted by us, fr.d that Feice was contrsded
betwix King Philip and France^ and Ingland and vs, fche began to fpew furtb,
I i. and
126 ^The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib- 1 1.
and difclois the latent Venome of hir doubill Hairt. Then began fche to
frown, and to luik frovs^ardlie to all fuche as (che knew did favour the Evan-
gell of Jefus Chrift. Sche comandit hir Houfliald to ufe all Abhominatioun
at Pafche j and fche hirfelf, to gif Exempill to utheris, did comunicate with
that Idoll, in oppin Audience j fche controlled hir Houfhald, and wald knaw
quhair that everie ane receaved thair Sacrament. And it is fuppoifit, That
efter that Day the Dvivill tuk more violent and ftrang Pofleffioun in hir Hairr,
than he had befoir ; for from that Day fbrdward, fche appeirit altogither alte-
• rit, in lb muche that hir Continance and Faftes did declair the Vennomeof hir
Hairt : For incontinent fche cauffit our Freicheours to be Summoned ; tor
whome, when we maid Interceffioun, beleiking hir Grace not to moleft thame
in thair Minifterie, unles ohy Man war abill to convift thame of fals Doftrine,
(che could not brydill hir Toung from oppin Blafphemie, bot proudlie (che
(aid, /// defpyte of yow and your Minilterls bothe^ they fall be bailiff bed out of Scot^
land, albeit they preichit ah trewlie as evir did SattH Paull. Whiche proud and
' blafphemous Anfwer did gritlie aftonilche us, and yit ceifTit we not moft:
humelie to (eik hir Favours, and by grit Diligence at laft obteined, that the
Summondis at that Tyme war delayit. For to hir war (end Alexander Erie
of Glencainie^znd Sif HewCampbell of Loudone Knycht and ShirefFofy//>,to reflbne
with hir, and to crave (bum Performance of hir monifald Promeiles. To
quhome (che anlwered, // became not Subjects to biirdein thair Princes with Pro-
nteifes, furder then it pleifit thame to keip the fam. Bothe thei Nobillmen fayth-
fullie and baldlie difchairgit thair Dewtie, and planelie foirwaimit hir of the
Inconveniencis that war to follow j quhairwith (che fumquhat aftonyed, (aid,
&che "wald avyis.
In this mein Tyme did the Toun of Perth ^ callit Sanfl: Johnefiaun, imbrace
the Treuthe, whiche did provoke hir to a new Furie ; in whiche (che willit
the Lord Ruthven Proveil^ of that Toun, to (iippres all fuche Religioun thair.
To the whiche when he an(wered,"That he culd mak thAir Bodyis to cum to
" hir Graice, and to proftrate thamefelfis befoir hir, till that (che war fullie (a-
•' tiate of thair Blude, bot to caus thame do againit thair Confcience, he culd
*' not promeis." Sche in Furrie did anfwtx^T'hat he was to mallapairt^ to gif hir
fuche Anfwens^ affirming, 'T'hat bothe he and they foiild repent it. Sche (blifted
Mr, James Halybourtoun Proveift of Dundie, to apprehend Paull Meffen^ who
feiring God, gave (ecreit Adverteifment to the Man to avoyd the Toun (or a
Tyme. Sche (end furthe (uche as (che thoicht moift abill to perfwaid at
Pafche, to caus Montrois, Dundie, Sanft Johneftoun, and uther (uch Plaices as
had receaved the Evangell, to communicate with the Idoll of the Mes j bot
they culd profeit nothing, the Hairtis of mony war bent to follow the Trewthe
reveilled, and did abhorre Superftitioun and Idolatrie. Quhairat (che more
hielie comoved, did fummond agane all the Freicheours to compeir at Strive^
Ting, the Tent Day o( Maii, the Yeir of God ij<9. Whiche underftude le
us, we with all humbill Obedience (bcht the Meinis how (che micht be ap-
peafif, and our Freicheours not moleftit: Bot quhen we culd nothing pre-
vaill, it was concludit be the hoUe Brethrein, That the Gentilmen of everie
Cuntrey (uld accumpanie thair Freicheours to the Day and Plaice appointed ;
quhairto all Men war moft willing. And for that Purpois the Toun otDua-
die, the Gentilmen of Angus znd Mearnis, paffit ford ward with thair Freiche-
ours to Sancl Johne/ioun^ without Armour, as peiceable Men, mynding only
J, to
Lib. II. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 1 27
to gif ConfelTioun with thair Preicheours. And Icift that fuche a Multitude
fuld have gevin Feir to the Qucin Regent, the Laird of /)/w, a zealous, pru-
dent, and godlie Man, pafTit bcfoir to the Qucin, than being in Strheling, to
declair to hir, That the Caus of thair Convocatioun was onelie to gif Confef-
fioun with thair Preicheours, and to afTift thame in thair juft Defence.
Sche underftanding the Fervencie of the Pepill, began to craft with him Co-
lifting him to rtay the Multitude,and the Preicheours alf(), with Promeis that fchfe
wald tak fum better Ordour. He, a Man maift gentill of Nature, and maift
addiA to pleis hir in all Thingis not repugnand to God, wrait to thofe that
then war affemblit at Sanft Johiiefiouv, to flay, and not to cum fordward
fchawand quhat Promeis and Elpcrance he had of the Queinis Grace Favours.
At the reiding of his Letteris, fum did fmell the Craft and Deceat, and per-
fvvaidit to pas fordward, unto the Tyme a Difchairge of the former Sum-
monds fould be had, alleaging that utherwyis thair Proces of Horning or Re-
bellioun fould be execute againft the Preicheours : And (b Ibuld not onlie
thay, bot alfb all fuche as did accumpanie thame, be involved in a Jyk
Cryme. Utheris did reflbne, That the Queinis Promeis was not to be fijf
pefled, nether yit the Laird of Dwiis Requeiit to be contempnit, and Co did
the haill Multitude with thair Preicheours Itay.
In this mein Tyme that the Preicheours war fummonded, to wit* the fe-
cound oC Man 1^59. arryved Johne Knox from France^ who lugeing two
Nichtis onlie in Ed'mhwgh^ heiring the Day appointed to his Brethrein, repair-
ed to Dimdie, quhair he earneftlie required tliame, That he mnht be permitted
to affiji his Brethrein^ and to ghe Coiifeffiotm of his Faylh mth thame : Whiche
granted unto him, he departit unto Sanft Johieftoim with thame; quhair he
began to exhort, according to the Grace of God grantit unto him. The Queia
perceaving, that the Preicheours did not compeir, began to utter her Malice •
and, notwithftanding ony Requeift maid in the contrair, gave Comandment td
put thame to the Home, inhibiting all Men, under Pain of Rebellioun, to afTift
comrurt, receave, or mantcin thame in onySorte; whiche Extremitie perceaved
be the faid Laird of Z)/w, he prudenilie withdrew himfelf: For utherwayis by
all Appeirance, he had not efchaipit Imprifonment ; for the Maifter of Max-
vcell^ ane Man zebus and f^out in Godis Caus, as than appeirit, under the
Clocke of ane uther frnaU Cryme, was that fame Day comitted to Waird
becaus he did bauldlie affirme, ^hat^ to the uttermoft of his Power, he wald ajfili
the Preicheours, and tie Congregatioun, mtiiuithfianding ony Sentence, whiche was
injuftlie, or jould he fronttnced againft thame. The Laird of Dim cuming to
St. Johneftoun exponed the Cais even as it was, and did conceill nothing of the
Queinis Craft and Falfhoode. f "Whiche underflode, the Multitude was Co in-
flamed, that nether culd the Exhortatioun of the Preicheours, nor the Comand-
ment of the Magiftrate f^ay thame, from defiroying the Plaices of of Idola*
trie. The Maner quhairof was this. The Preicheours had declaired afoir, how
odious was Idolatrie in Godis Frefence ; quhat Ccmandment he had given
for the Def^mftion of the Monuments thairof, quhat Idolatry, and quhat Ab-
homination was in the Mefs. It chanceit, that the nixt Day, whiche was the
iithofA7rt;?, efter, that the Preicheours wer exyllcd, that efter the Sern-.cne
whiche was vehement againft Idolatrie, that a Preift in Conten-pr wald ec to
the Mefs J and to declair his malapairte Prefumptioun, he wald oppin up
I i 2 ane
I Thair is m this Plqce, 'n the uther Copie, inferred the Summonds againft the Freirs, qul»ifc
is in the End of the firft Bnke.
128 TbeHtlhrieoftheReformatioun Lib. II.
ane dorious Tabernacle, whiche ftud upoun the hie Alter ; thair ftud befyid
certain <^odlie Men, and arnongis utheris a young Boy, who cryed with a loud
Voice 'This if intoUerahlc, that quhen God by his JVorde hath pkmelie damned Ida-
litrie -we fall ft and and fie it ufed in Defpyte. The Preift hcirat ofFendit, gave
the Child a grit Blowe ; who in Anger tuk up a Stone, and cafting at the
Treifl did hit the Tabernacle, and brake down ane Image ; and immediatly
the haill Multitude that war about caft Stanes, and put R-inds to the faid Ta-
bernacle and to all uther Monuments of Idolatrie, whiche they difpatched,
befoir the tenth Man in the Toun wer adverteifit, for the maift Parte war
eane to Denner. Whiche noyffed abrode, the haill Multitude conveinit, not
of the Gentilmen, nouther oi thame that war erneft Profeffours, bot of the
ralcall Multitude, who finding nothing to do in that Churche, did rin without
Deliberatioun to the Gray and Black Freiris ; and notwithftanding that they
had within thame verray ftark Gairdis keipt for thair Defence, yit war thair
Galttis incontinent bruftup. The firjt Invafioun was upoun the Idolatrie; and
thare efter the comoun Pepill began to feik lum Spoyll. And in verray deid
the Gray Frcirs was a Plaice weill providit, that unlels honeil: Men hadfein the
fam we wald have feirit to report what Provifioun they had ; thair Scheitis,
Blancattis Beddis and Covertours war fick, that no Erie in Scotland had the
better • ♦ thair Naiprie was fyne ; thay war bot aucht Perfonis in Convent,
and yit had aucht Punlcheonis of (alt Beif, fconfidder the Tyme of the
Yeir the nth of Mail) Wyne, Beir and Aill, befyidis Stoir of Vic^uells ef
feirin"" thairto. The lyk Aboundance was not in the Blak Freiris; and yit
thair was moir than become Men profefling Povertie. The Spoylle was permit-
ted to the Pure ; for Co had the Preicheours befoir threatned all Men, that for
Covetoufnes faik none (buld put thair Hand to (uche a Reformatioun, that no
honeft Man was enriched thairby the Valew of a Grotte. Thair Confcience
fo moved thame,that thay (ufferit the(e Hipocreitis to tak away quhat thay could,
of that whiche was in thair Plaices. The Pryour of Charterhoits wes per-
mitted to tak with him, evin fo muche Gold and Silver, as he was weill able
to carie. So war Menis Confoiences befoir beatten with the Worde, that thay
had no Refoeft to thair awin particular Profeit, bot onelie to abolifche Idolatrie,
the Places and Monumentis thairof, in whiche they war (o buflie and fo laborious,
that within two Dayis thele thrie grit Places, Monuments of Idolatrie, to
witt the Blak and Gray Freiris, and the Cbarterhous Monkis, a Building of a
wondrous Coft and Greitnes, was fo deftroyed, that the Wallis onUe did re-
mane, of all thefe grit Edificatiounes.
Whiche reported to the Quein, fche was fo enraged, that fohe did
vow Utierlie to deftroy SainH Johneftoun, Man^ Woman^ and Cbyld^
and to confume the fame hy Fyre^ and thairefter to fait it, in gigne of
a terpetuall Defoktioun. We fo(pe6ling nothing foche Crueltie, bot
thinking, that fuche Wordis michth efohaip hir in Choler, without Purpois
determinat becaus fohe was a Woman let afyre by the Complaintis of thois
Hypocreitis, who flockit unto hir, as Ravenis to a Carioun; we, we fay,
fufoefting nothing fuche beiftlie Crueltie, returnit to our awin Houfos • leving
in St. Johneftoim Johne Knox to inftruft, becaufe they war young and rude in
in Chrift. Bot fohe fet on Fire, partelie be her awin Malice, partlie be hir
Freinds in France, and not a littill by Brybes, quhilk fche and Monfiuer d' Ofell
recevit from the Bifchopis and Preifts heir at Hame, did continew in hir
Rage. And fit ft. Sche feat for all the Nobiiitie, to quhome fche complainir,
Thut
Lib. II. of Rcligiotm in Scotland. 125)
^at ixe tueinit nothing hot RebeUioiin : She did grevouflie aggrcagc the Dcftrufti-
oun of x.\\c Chart erbous, becaus it was a Kingis Fundatioun, and tharc was the
Tombe of King James the firli And be fuche iither Perfwafiounis, fche maid
the maift Parte grant to perfew us. And than incontinent fcnt flie for hir Frenche
Men; for that was, and evir hes bein hir Joy, to fie Scottu Men dip one with
ane uttheris Bludc. No Man was at that Time more franck againit us, then
was the Duke, led be the cruell Bcift, the Bifchope of Sanft Audron^ and
be thois that yit abufe him, the Abbote of Kilwynwg and Mather Hanmilioiat
of Mylhrne, two cheif Enemies to Chrilt Jcfus ; yea,and Enemies to the Duke,
and to his haill Hous, bot in (a far as thereby they procure thair particular Profeir.
Thefe and fuche uther peftilent Papifles ceafTit not to caft Faggotis in the Fyrc,
continuallie crying, Fordward iipoim thefe Herety ikes; "we Jail ance red this Realnie
of thanie. The Certaintie heirof cuming to our Knawledge, fum of us re-
paired to the Toun again, about tiie 2 2d Day of A/j//, and thare did abyde,
for the Comfort of our Brcthrein : Quhair, efter Invocatioun of the Name of
God, we began to put the Toun and ourfelfis in fick Strength, as we thoicht
micht beft Itand for our Defence. And becaus we wcr not utterlie difpaired of
the Queinis Favour, we caufed forme a Letter to hir Grace as followis.
To the Queinis Grace Regent, all humbill Obedience and Dcwtie
premiled.
f*^ heirtofoir, ivith Jeopard of our Lyves^ and yit willing Hairtis^ we hwve fer-
ved the Aiuhoritie of Scotland, and your Giace^ now Regent in ihisRealme
in Serijice to our Bodies dangerous and panejidl ; fo now, with inn It dolorous
Myndis, we ar conftrayned, ly injuft Tyranie purpoifed againji uSj to declair unto
your Grace^ That except this Crueltie be ftayed^ be your IVijdome^ we will be com-
pellit to tak'the Sworde of juft Defence, againji all that fall perfew us for the Mat~
ier of Religioun, and for our Confcience faik, quhilk aucht not, nor may not be
fubje^ to vwrtall Creatures, farder then by Godis JVord Man is abill to prove
that he haihe Power to comand us. We fignifie more unto your Grace, Tl:at if he
Rigour we be compellit to feik the extreim Defence, that we will not onlie notifie our
Innocence, and Petitiones to the King 0/ France, to our Maiftres and to her HuJ-
hand, hot alfo to the Princes and Counfaill of everie ChriCtiane Reahne, declining
unto thame, that this cruell, injuft and maifi tirranicall Murder intendit againft us a-
gainft Tounis and Multitudes, was, and is the onelie Cans of our Revolt from our
accuftomed Obedience, quhilk, in Godts Prefence, we faythfullie promeis to our Save-
rane Maijires, to hir Hufhand, and unto your Grace Regent j provyding, that our
Conjciences may live in that Peice and Libertie, whiche Chriji Jefus hes purcheffit
unto us be his Blude : And that we may have his IVorde trewlie preiched, and hdlie
6acramentis rychlie minifirat unto us ; without the quhilk we firmelie purpois nevir
to he fuhjeit to-mortall Man : For better, we think, to expone our Bodeis to a thou,
fand Deyths^ then to hazard our Saullis to perpetuell Condemn at iotm, he denying
Chr'tft Jefus, and his manifeft Veritie, quhilk 'thing not onlie do thay that comitt
opptn Idolatrie, hot alfo all fuche, as feing thair Brethrein injufilie pitrfued , for the
Caus of Religioun, and having fufficient Means to comfort and affijt thame, do not
the les withrraw from them thair detjull Support. We wald not your Grace fould he
deceaved he the fals Perfuafiounts of thefe cruell Beiftis the Kirk Men, who affirme^
That jour Grace neidethe not gritlie to regaird the Lois of us, that profes Chrift Je-
fus in IhisRealme J gif {as God forbid) ye gif Eir to thair peftilent Confail, and
K k /*
I Qo The Hi[loirie of the Refer matioun L i b. II.
fo life againft us this Estremitie pretendit^ it is to he feired^ that nether ye, nor
your Pojieritie, Jail at ony Tyme efter this, find that Obedience and faythfull Ser-
vice within this Realme, quhilk at all lymes ye have found inns. JVe declair our
Jugement frelie, as trew and faythfull Subjecls. God move your Grace's Hairt fa-
vour aUie to interpriet our faithful Meaning. Farther adverteifing your Grace,ihat the felf
fame Thing, togedder with all Ihingis we have done, or yit intend to do, we will
tiotifie, be our Letters to the King of France. J/hng of yaw, in the Name of the
eternellGod,ana asyourGrace tenders the Peice and ^detnes of this Realme, that ye in.
vaid us not with Violence, till we receave Anfwer from our Mai/ires, hir Hu/hund,
and from thair advyifit Counfaill thair. And thus we comitt your Grace to the
Prote^ioun of the Omnipotent. From San^ ]Q\\r\t^oun, the 22d of Mail 1//9.
Sic fubfcribitur,
Tour Grace's obedient Subje^is in all T'hingis,
not repugning to God,
T^he faythfull Congregatioun of Jedis Chrirt in Scotland.
In the fam Tennour, we wrait to Monfieur d' Ofell in Frenche, requiring
of him, that be his Wifclome he would mitigate the Queinis Raige, and the
Rage of the Preiftis ; utherwayis that Flambe, whiche tlien began to burne,
wald fo kendill, that when fum Men wald, it could not be floknit. Adding
farder That he declairit himfelf no faythfull Servand to his Mairter, the King
of France, gif, for the Plefour ot the Preiftis, he wald perfecute us, and fo
compell us to tak the Sword of juft Defence. In lyk Maner we wrait to
Capitane Serra la Bourfe, and to all the uther Capitanes, and Frenche Souldeours*-
in generall, admoniching thame, that thair Vocatioun was not to fecht againft
us naturall Scottis Men ; nether yit that thay had any fick Comandement of
thair Maifter. We befeikit thame thairfoir, not to provoke us to Inenmitie a-
gainft thame, confiddering, that thay had fund us favorabill in thair maift
extream Neceflities. We declaired farther unto thame,That gif they enterit in Ho-
ftilitie and bludie Weir againft us, that the (am fbuld remain langer then
thair and our Lyves, to wit, evin in all Fofterities to cum, Co lang as naturall
Scotis Men fuld have Power to revenge luche Crueltie, and moft hdrribill
Ingratitude.
Thefe Letteris war cauffit be fpred abrode in grit Abundance, to the
End, that fum mycht cum to the Knawledge of Men. The Quein Re-
eentis Letter was laid upoun hirCulhoun in the Chapell Royall of .r?/y//«^,quhair
(che accuftomed to fit at Mefs ; (che luked upoun it, and pat it in the Pockat
of her Gown. Monfieur d' Ofell and the Captaines reflaved fhairis, delivered
evin by thair awin Souldeours ( for fum amonges thame war Favourers of the
Treuth ) who efter the reidding of thame, began to ryve thair awin Beardis ;
for that was the modeft Behaviour of Monfieur d' Ofell, quhen the Treuthe
was tauld unto him, (b that it repugned to his Fantafie. Thele our Letters war
fupprefled to the uttermoift of thair Power, and yit they cam to the Knaw-
lege of many. Bot the Rage of the Quein and Preiftis could not be flayed,
bot fordward they move againft us, who then wer bot a verry few and meane
Number of Gentilmen in San6l 'Johneftoun. We perceaving the Extremitie
to approche, did wrytt to all Brethrein, to repair towardis us for our Releifj
to the quhilk we fand all Men fo reddie bent, that Work of God was evident-
lie
L I B. II. of Kcligiotm in Scotland. 131
lie to be efpyed; and becaus we wald omitt no Diligence, to declair our In
nocencie to all Men, we formit a Letter to thoisofthe Nobilitie (who then
pcrfecuted us) as cfter foUuwis.
To the Nobilitie of Scotland, the Congregatioun of Chrift Jefiis within the fam
defyre the Spirit of rychteous Jugement.
B'
. Ecaus we ar not ignorant, that the Nobilitie of this Realme, who
^^ now perfecute us, imploying their whole Study and Force, to mantein
the Kingdomc of Sathan, of Superftitioun and Idolatrie, ar yit not the les de-
vydit in Opinioun ; We the Congregatioun of Chrift Jefus, be yow injuftlie
perlecuted, have thoicht gude, in one Letter to wrytte unto yow feverallie.
We fay, ye ar devydit in Opinioun ; for fum of yow think, that we, who
have taikin upoun us this Interpryis, to remove Idolatrie and the Monumentis
of the fam, to oreft the trew Preichinge of Chrift Jefus, in the Boundis co-
mitted to our Chairges, ar Heretyikes, (editious Men, and Troubleris of this
Comoun welrhe; and thairfbir, that no Punifchement is fufficient for us j and
(b blindit with this Rage, and under Pretence to ferve the Authoritie, ye
proclame Weir, and threattin Dcftruftioun without all Ordour of Law againft
us. To yow weiay, that nether your blind Zeall, netheryetthe Cullour*of Autho-
ritie fall excuis yow in God's Prefence, quho comandis vone to fujfer Beyth till
that he he opinly coiiviut iufugement^ to have offendit againft God ^ and againft his Laiu
•vortttin ; quhilk no mortal Creature is able to prove againft us ; For quhatfbe-
vir we have done, the fime we have done at Godis Comandement^ who plain-
he comandis Idolatrie, and all Monumentis of the (am, to be deftroyed and
abolilched. Our earneft and lang Requeift hes bein, and yit is, that in opyn
Aflemblie it may be diipufed, in Prefens of indifferent Auditors, Whither
ihatthefe AbomwatiouueSy named by the peftilent Papiftis, Religioun, quhilk thay
ly Fyre and Sword defend^ be the trew Religioun of Jefus Chrift or not ? Now
this our humbill Requeift denyed unto us, our Lyves ar focht in a maift cruell
Maner : And ye the Nobilitie, quhois Deutie is to defend Innocentis, and to
brydill the Furie and Rage of wickit Men (wer it of Princes or Empriours)
do notwithftanding follow their Appetytis, and arme your felfis againft us, your
Brethrein and naturall Cuntreymen j yea, againft us that be innocent and juft,
as concerning all fuche Crymes as be laid to our Chairges. If ye think, that we
be criminall, becaus we difTent from your Opiniouns, confider we befeik yow,
that the Propheitis under the Law, the Apoftles of Chrift Jefus efrer his
Afcenfioun, his primitive Kirk, and holie Martyrs, did diftaflent from the haill
Warld in thair Dayis ; and will ye deny, bot that thair Aftioun was juft, and
that all thofe that perfecuted thame war Murtherars befoir God.'* May not the
iyk be trew this Day ? Quhat Afllirance have ye this Day of your Religioun,
quhilk the Warld had not that Day of thairs ? Ye have aMultitude that agree
with yow, and fo had they ; ye have Antiquitie of Tyme, and that they
laiked not ; ye have Confaillis, Lawis, and Men of Reputaticun that have e-
ftablifched all Thingis, as ye fuppois : Bot none of all thele can mak any Re-
ligioun acceptable befoir God, quhilk onlie dependis upoin his awin Wili, re-
veiled to Man in his moft facred Word. Is it not then a W crer, that ye flcip
in fo deidlie a Securitie, in the Matter of your awin Salvaticun, ccrfiderirg
that God gevis unto yow (o manifeft Tokcnis, that ye snd ycur Leideris ar
bothe dedyned frame God } For if the Tre jail he jugeit be the Fruit (as Chrifl
K k a Jsfus
132 The Hi/lor ie of the Reform atioun Lib. II
Jedis affirmed, that it miift be ) then of Neceffitie it is, that your Prelatis and
the hail Rabill of your Clergie be evill Treis: For it Adulterie, Pryde, Am-
betioun, Drunkennes, Covetoufhes, Inceft, Unthankfulnes, Opreflioun, Murther,
Idolatrie and Blafphemie be evil Fruits, thair can none of that Generatioun,
quhilk clame to thame felfis the Titill of Rirk-men,be juged gmle 'Treis ; for all
thefe peftilent and wickit Fruitis do thay bring furthe in grit Abundance ; and
if they be evill Treis ( as ye your felfis muifl: be compellit to confes they ar )
advyis prudentlie with quhat Confciences ye can maintein thame, to occupye
the Roum and Plaice in the Lord's Vyneyaird. Do ye not cofidder, That in
fb doing, ye labour to maintein the Servantis of Syn in thair filthie Corrup-
tiouns ; and fo confequentlie ye labour, that the Devill may rigne, and l^ill
abufe this Realme, by all Iniquitie and Tyrranie, and that Chrift Jefus and his
blifTit Evangell be fuppreft and extinguifched.
The Name and the Cloike of the Authoritie (quhilk ye pretend) will no-
thing excuis yow in God's Prefence, bot rather fall ye beir doubill Con-
demnatiouD ; for that ye burdien God, as that his gud Ordinances war the
Caus of your Iniquitie. All Authoritie quhilk God hes eftablifched^ is gude
and perfyte, and is to he obeyed of all Men, yea, under the Pane of Damnatioun :
Bot do ye not confider, that thair is a grit Difference betwix the Authoritie
which is Godis Ordinance, and the Perfonis of thois,quhilk ar placed in Authc
ritie. The Authoritie and God's Ordinance can nevir do Wrang ; for it co-
mands, That Vyce and wicked Men be punifched, and Verte-w and verteous and
jii/i Men be mainteined : Bot the corrupt Perfonis, placed in this Authoritie,
may offend, and maifl comonlie doethe contrarie to his Authoritie. Is then
Corruptiounes of Perfones to be followed, be RefTone he is cled with the
Name of Authoritie ? Or, fall thois that obey the wicked Comandment of
thois that ar placed in Authoritie, be excuifed befoir God ? Not fb ; not fb :
Bot the Plagues and Vengeance of God takin upoun Kingis, thair Servandis,
and Subie6lis, do witnes to us the plain contrarie. Pharao was a King, and
had his Authoritie of God, quho comandit his Subjeftis to murther, and tor-
ment the Ifraelites, and at laft maift cruellie to perfecute thair Lyves, But
was thair Obedience ( blind Rage it fbuld be callit ) excufabill befoir God ?
The univerfall Plague did planeJie declair, that the wicked Comander and thofe
that obeyed war alyk giltie befoir God. And if the Exemplill of Pharao fall
be reiectit, becaus he was ane Ethnick, then let us confider the Fa6l of Saull;
he was a Ring anoynted of God, appointed to rigne over his Pepill, he co-
mandit to perfecute Z)aW, becaus, as he alleadgit, Z)(7wW was aTratour, ane
Ufurper of the Crown, and lykwayis comandit Abimelech the hie Preifl and his
Fellowis to be flain : Bot did God approve ony Part of this Obedience ? Evi-
dent it is, that he did not. And think ye, that God will approve in yow that
which he did damne in utheris ? Be not deceaved, with God thair is no fuch
Particularities if ye obey the injufl Comandement of wicked Reulars,ye fall fuf
fer God's Vengeance and juft Punifchment with thame : And thairfoir, as ye
tender your awin Salvatioun, we mofl eirneftlie requir of yow Moderatioun,
and that ye ftay your felfis, and the Furie of utheris from perfecuting of us,
till our Caus be tryed in oppin and lawful Jugement.
• And now, to yow that ar perfwaidit of the Juftice of our Caus, that fum-
tymes have profelTed Chrifl Jefus with us, and that alfb have exhorted us to this
Interpryis, and yit have left us in our extreme Neceffitie, or at leifl luik throw
your Fingeris, in this our Truble, as that the Matter apperteinit not to yow j
we
b
Lib. II. of Rdigiuunin Scotland. 133
We lay, Thar unles (all Feir and warldlie Relpeftis fet a(yid ) ye joyne with us
your ltlfi'5,rhat as of God ye are repuredTratoris,fb (all ye be excomunicate from
ourSotictic, and from all Participjtioun with us in the Adminirtratioun of the Sa-
craments ; the Glorie of thisVi6torie,whiche God fall give to hisChurche,yea evin
in the £yis of Men, fall not appcrtein to yow j bot the teirful Jugementis that
appreliendit Ananias and his Wyt SaphiiLi, fall apprehend yow and your Polteri-
tie. Ye may perchance contemne, and dclpyis the Excomunicatioun of the
Kiik Cnow by God's michtie Power erefted among us ) as a Thing of na
Force; bot yit dout we nothing, bot that our Kirk and the trewMiniltersof the
fam, have the fim Power, quhilk our Mairter Chrirt Jefus grantit to his A-
poftle<;, in thele Words, ^thofe Syiies ye j all forgive^ fall h forgevin ; and qiihots
Synis ye ret em, fall be reteined; and that becaus they preiche, and we beleve
the (am Doftrine, quhilk is conteined in his mo(l bledit Word : And thair-
foir, except that ye will conteme Chrilt Je(us, nether can ye de(pyis our Threat-
ning, nether yet rcHjis us calling for your jui^ Defence. Piy your fainting, and by
abl^rac^ing of your Supporte, the Enemies ar incouraged, thinking, that they
fall find na Refiflance ; in quhilk Point ( God willing ) they (all be deceived •
for if [hay war ten tiiouf^nd, and we bot ane thoufand, they (all not murther
the lei(^ of our Brethrein, brtt we (God alTiftingus) (all fir(^ comirt ourLyves
in the Hands of God for thair Defence. Bot this (all aggavate your Damna-
tioun, for ye declair yourlelfis both Traytors to the Treuth ance profeffed and
Murtherers of us, and of your Brethrein, from quhome ye draw your debtfull
and promei(ed Support, quhome (to Manis Jugement) your onlie Pre(ence
micht preferve from this Danger; for our Enemies luik not to thePower of God
but to the Force and Strenthc of Man. Quhen the Number is meane to re-
flit thame, then rage thay, as bludie Wolfis ; bot a Partie equall or abill to re-
fift thame in Appeirance, doethe brydill thair Furie. Examinate your awin
Conlciences, and wey that Sentence of our Maifter Chrift Jefus, faying, ^uhofo-
evir deryh me, or is afLimed of me hefoir Men, I fall deny him hefoir my Father.
N\ w is the Day of his Battellsin this Realme, if ye deny us your Brethrein
fuf/ering for his Name's faik, ye do alio deny him, as himfelf doeth witnefs
in thefe Words, ^hatfoeijir ye did unto any of thois littill ones, that ye did unto
me; and qn.batye did not to one of thefe littill ones, that ye did not unto me. Gif
thcfj Sentences be trew, as concerning Meit, Drink, Clothing, and (uche
Thingis as apcrteiii to the Bodie, (all thay not be lyikwayis trew in thois
Things that appertein to the Frefervatioun of the Lyves of thoufandis, whois
Elude is now (ochr, for protefling of Chrift Jefus ? And thus fchortlie leive we
yow, who fumtymes hes profelTit Chrift Jefus with us, to the Examinarioun of
your awin Confciences. And yit ances again, of yow, who blindit be Superfti-
«ioun rerfpcute us, we require Moderatioun, till our Caus maybe tryed, quhilk
gif ye vvii! not grant unto us for God's Caus, yit we delyre yow to have Re-
rpect to thePrelervatioun of our comounCuntrey, whiche we cannot fbner betray
an the Hands of Strangers, then that one of us deftroy and murther ane uther.
Confidder our Petitiounes, and call for the Spirit of rychteous Jugement.
Thefe our Letters being divulgate, fum Men began to reflbne, Quhidder
of Confcience they micht invaid us or not, confidering that we offered dew
Obedience to the Authoritie, requiring nothing bot the Libertie of Confcience,
and our Rehgioun and Fafl to be tryed be the Word of God. Our Letteris
came with convenient Expeditioun to the Handis of the Brethrein in Ciinntng-
L 1 harrte
34 The Hiftorie of the Kejormatioim Lib. IL
hame and Kylle^ who conveinit at the Rirk of Craigie^ qiihair efter (um con-
trarious Reflbnis, Alexander Erie of GleKcairfie, in Zeale burft furthe in thois
Wordis, Lat everie Man ferve his Confdeuce. I will, he Gods Gra'ice, fie my Bre-
threin in San^ Johneftoun : Tea, alheit nevir a Man fuU accumpanie me, I will
go, and gif it -war hot with ane Pick iipoun my Schiidder, for I had rather die
with that Cumpanie than leve efter thame. Thefe Wordis Co incuraget the reft,
that all decreid to go fordward, as that they did Co ftoutlie, that quhen the
Lyoun Herald in Cote Armour,commandit all Men under the Pane of Treftbne
to returne to thair Houfes by publift Sound of Trumpet in Glafgow, nevir
Man obeyed that Chairge, bot all went fordward, as we will efter heir.
Quhen it was cleirlie underftude that the Prelatis and thare Adhereutis, flip,
prefling our Petitiounes as far as in thame lay, did kendill the Furie of all
Men againft us, it was thocht expedient to wrytt unto thame llim Declara-
tioun of our Myndis, whilk we did in this Forme followhig.
'To the Generatioun of Antichrifi, the peftilent Prelats, and thair Schavelingis within
Scotland, the Congregatioun of Chrift Jefus within the fam fayethe.
^ I ^O the end that ye fall not be abuled, thinking to efchaip juft Punilch-
^ ment, etter that ye in your blind Furie have caufed the Blude of many
be fched, this we notifie and declair unto yow. That if ye proceid in this
your malicious Crueltie, ye fall be intreated fquhairfbevir ye fall be appre-
hendit) as Murtherers and opin Enemies to God and Mankynd. And thair-
foir betymes ceis fi-om this your bludie Rage : Remove firft from your
(elfis,your Bandis of bludyMen of Weir,and reforme your felfis to a moir quiet
Lyif,and thairafter mitigat ye the Authoritie whiche, without Cryme comitted
upoun our Parte, ye have inflamed againft us ; or ellis be ye aflured. That
with the fam Meafur that ye have mefiired againis us, and yit intendis to
meafur to utheris, it fall be mefured unto yow j that is^ as ye by Tj7r-
ranie intend not only to deftroy our Bodeis, bot alfb by the fam to hald our
SauUis in Bondage of the Devi 11, fubjeft to Idolatrie, fo fall we with all
our Force and Power, quhilk God fall grant unto us, execute juft Vengeance
and Punifchment upoun yow ; yea, we fall begin that Xam Weir that God
comandit the Ifraelites to execute againft the Canaanites, that is, Contraft of
Peice fall nevir be maid, till ye defift frome your oppin Idolatrie and crueLl
Ferfecutioun of Godis Childrein : And this we fignifie unto yow in the Name
of the eternall God, and of his Sone Jelus Chrift, whofe Veritie we profes,
and Evangell we will have preiched, and holie Sacramentis rychtlie mini-
ftrate, fb lang as God will aftift us to gainftand your Idolatrie. Tak this for
Adverteifment, and be not deceaved.
Thefe our Requeiftis and Adverteifmentis notwithftanding, Monfieur
iWfell and his Frenchemen, with the Preiftis and thair Bandis, merched ford-
ward againft us to San61: Johneftoun, and approched within Ten Mylles to the
Toun, then repaired the Bretherin from all Quarters for our Relief: The
Gentilmen of Fyfe, Angus and Mernis, with the Toun of Dmdie, war thay
that firft hafardit to refift the Enemie, and for that Purpois was chofin a Peice
of Ground, a Myll or more diftant from the Toun. In this mein Tyme the
'hoxd.Kuth'ven, Proveift of the Toun ofSanft 'johneftoun, and a Man quhome
monye judgit ftout and godlie in that A6lioun (as in verie deid he was evin
Lm. II. of RchgiuHn in Scotland. 135
to his laft Brcarhe) left the Toun, and fiift dtpartit to his awin Plaice, and
eitcr to th'- Quein ; quhois Dcfcfticun and Revolt was a grit difcurage to
tht Hiirris of mcny : And 3 it did God Co comfort liis, that within the
Spaice of Tweif Hours efttr, the Hairtis of all Men war erected agane. For
thfle that war then afi'emllit did not fo much hope Vi6^oric be thair awin
S:re!.the, as be the Power of him wliofe Vcntie tlicy profefled, and began
ane to comfort ane uther till the haill Multitude wer erefled in a rcflbnabill
Efperance. The Day efter that the Lord RtiiL-ven departit, quhiik was the
:!4th of ALiii, came the Erie of yf;^(;v//, Lord Jiinies Pryour of Sanft Ancirois^
and the Lord Sempill, direfled from the Quein Regent to inquir the Caus of
that Convocatioun of Liegis thair. To quhdme, quhen it was anfwcred,
that it was onelie to refift that cruell Tyrranie devyifit againis that pure
Toun, and the Inhabitantis of the (am. They asked, if we myndit not to
h^ld that Toun againrt the Authcritie, and againrt the Quein Regent. To
the quhiik Queftioun anfwerit the Lairdis ofZ)//;/ and Pettarro^Wnh. the Con-
gregatioun oi' Angus and Meruis, the Maifler of Lii/i/efiiy, the Lairdis of Liw.
d're, Babxairde^ and uther Barronis of Fyfe^ That if the Queinis Grace wald
ftjffer thii Religioun thair begun to proceid, and not trubill thair Brethrein
and Sifteris that had profeffit Chrift Jefus with thame, that the Toun, thay
thamereifis, and quhat(bevir to thame perteined, fuld be at the Queinis Co-
mandiment. Q'lhilk Anfwer underftude, the Erie qf Argyll and the Priour
(who bayth war than Protclbntisj began to mu/e, and fjiid plainlie, That
thay war far utherwayis informed by the Quein, to •wit^ That we ment 110 Re-
ligioun^ hot a plain Rebellioun. To the quhiik quhen we had anfwerit fimplie,
and as the Treuthe was, to ixit. That we conveinit for no uther Purpois, bot
onlie to alTift our Brethrein, who then war moft injuftlie 'perfecuted ; and
thairfoir we defyred fayihfuilie to reporte our Aniwer, and to be IntercefTours
to the Quein Regent, That fuche Crueltie fuld not be ufit againfl us, confid-
dering that we had offered, in our former Letters, alfweill to the Queinis
Graice, as to the Nobilitie, cur Matter to be tryed in lawfull Jugemcnt.
They promeifit Fidelitie in that Behalf, quhiik ahb they keipif. The Day
efter, quhiik was the 2jth Day ofMaii, befoir that the faidis Lords departit,
in the Morning Jobue Kuox defyrit to fpeik with the fam Lordis, quhiik grant-
ed unto him, he was convoyit to thair Lugeing be the Laird of Balwaird.
And thus he began.
The Oratioun of Johne Knon to the Lordis.
JUE frefent Truhlis^ HotrowahiU Lords, aucht to move the Hartis not onlie of
the trew Servantis of God, bot alfo of all fuche as hear ony Favour to thair
Cuntrey, and naturall Cuntreyinen, to defend within thamefelfis, and deiply to con-
fider quhat fall be the End of this pretended Tyrrany. The Raige of Sathan
feaketh the Deftru^ioun of all thefe that within this Realme profefs Chrift Jefus j
ard they that inflame the ^leins Grdce, and yow the Nobills againji us, regarde
not qnho prevadl, provyded that they 7nay abufe the IVarld, and ieve at thair Pie-
four, as heirtofoir they have done. Tea, I fear, that fome feak nothing more
than the Effuftoun of Scottis Blcode, to the End that your Pojfejfiounes may he
the wore patent to utheris. Bot becaus that this is not the Principall quhiik I have
to fpeak, omitting the Jam to be" confiddered by the Wifdome «/" thofe to quhome
the Care of the Comon-welthe apperteinthe,
LI 2 f, I
3^ The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. II.
1. I maili humU'te requyre of yow, my Lordis, it? my Name to fay to the ^eins
Grace Regent^ that wf , quhome fche in hir hlynd Rage dolh perfecute^ ar Godts Sei-
niantis^ faythfull and obedient Subjects to the Authoritie of this Reahne ; 'That that
Religioiin qiihilk fche pretendeth to muinteyiie by Fire and S'xorde, is not the trew
Religioun of Chrtft Jefus^ bot is expres contrarie to the fame ; a Superftitioiin de-
vyfed be the Brane of Man, whiche 1 offer myfelf to prove againft all that with-
in Scotland will mantene the contrarie, Libertie of Toung being granted unto mCy
and Godis written Word being admitted for Juge.
1. I farder requyr your Honours, in my Name to fay to hir Grace, that as of be-
foir I have written, fa now I fay, that this hir Interpryis fall not profperouflis
fucceid in the End. And albeit for a Time fche truble the Sancts of God, for
fche fechts not again/i Man only, but againft the Eternall God and his invin-
cibill Veritie ; and tharefoir the End fall be hir Confufioun, unlefs betyme fche re-
pent and defift.
Thefe Things requyr I of yow, in the Name of the Eternall God, as from my
Mouth, to fay unto hir Grace, adding, that I have bein, and I am a more
afjured Fremd to hir Graice than they that ether flattering hir Graice, ar Ser-
vandis of hir corrupt Ajfecliounis or dppetyites, or ellis tnflambe hir againft its, who
feik nothing bot Godis Glory ~t0 be advanced^ Vice to be fuppreffed, and Veritie to
be manteined in this pure Realme.
They all thre did promeis to reporte his Words, fb far as they could, whiche
efterwards we underftude they did ; yea the Lord Sempill himfelf, a Man fauld
under Syn, Enemie to God, and to all Godlines, did male luche Reporte, that
the Quein was fumquhat offendit,that ony Man (uld uls fuche Libertie in hir Fre-
(ence. Sche ftill proceided in hir Malice ; for immediatlie thairefter fche
lent hir Lyoun Herauld, with Lettres ftraitlie chairging all Men to avoyde
the Toun, under the Pane of Treaflbne. Quhilk Letters, efter he had declai-
rit to the cheif Men of the Congregatioun, he publi6tlie proclamed the fame,
upoun Sonday,\he 27th of Maii. In this meinTyme came fure Rnawlege to the
Quein,to the Duke,and to Monfieur <^0/>//,that the Erie ofGlencairne,the Lordis
Uchiltrie and Boyd, the young Scheref of Air, the Lairdis of Cragie-walace,
Sefnock, Carnell, Barr, Garthgirthe, and the haill Congregatioun of Kylle and
Cuninghame, approched for our Relief; and in verie deid they came in fick
Diligence, and fuche a Number, that as the Enemie had juft Caus to feir, fb
have all they that profeflit Chrifl: Jefus Matter to prays God, for thair Fidelitie
and floute Curage in that Neid ; for by thair Prefens, was the Tyrranie of the
Enemie brydillit. Thair Diligence was fick, that albeit the Paflages be Strive-
ling, and fex Mylles abone wer flopped ( for thair lay the Quein with hir
Bands, and gart cutt the Brigis upoun the Watters of Forthe, Gudie and Teithe,
abone Striveling) yit maid they fick Expeditiour^ throw Defert and Montane,
that they prevented the Enemie, and approched within fex Myllis of our Campe,
quhilk than lay without the Toun, awaitting upoun the Enemie, befoir that ony
aflured Knawlege came to us of thair coming. Thair Number was of gud Compr,
fyve and twentie hundreth Men, quhairof thair war 1200 Horfemen. The
Quein underflanding bow the feid Erie and Lords, with thair Cumpanie, ap
proched, caufit to befett all Wayis, that na Adverteifment fiild come to us, to
the End, that we,difpaired of Supporte,micht condifcend to fick Apointment as
fche required; and fent firft to requir, that fum difcreit Men of our Number
wald cum and fpeik the Duke and Monfieur d' Ofell ( who then with thair
Armie
Lib. II. oj Religiotm in Scotland. 137
Armie lay ar Aticl:tirar<hin., ten Myllis fra Sr. Jolncftomi) to the End that fiini
reHonabill Appointment micht be had, Sche had perfuaidit the Erie of y/r-
^t//£', and all uthers, that we meint nothing hot RebcJlioiirii and thairfbir had
he promeifit unto hir, that in cais we fbuld not ftand content, with an reflbna-
bill Appointment, he fbuld declair himfcif plain Enemie to us, notwithftand-
ing that he profcflit the lam Religioun with us. From us war lent the Laird
of Z)/w, the Laird hinerqitlaritie, Thomas Scott of Abhotfchall^ to heir quhat
Appointment thcQueinwald offer. The Duk and Monfieur^'O/i'// required that
the Toun (buld be maid patent, and that all Thingis fbuld be referred to
the Queinis Plefbur. To the quhilk they anfwered, ^l:at nether bad they Com-
m'jffioun fo to promeis, nether diir/'t thay of Coufciehce fo perfuaU than Brethre'm.
But if that the Queinis Grace -jJaU pronieh^ that ria Inhabitant of theToim fould he
trouMit^ for ony fuk Cryines, as micht be allegit agaiiili thanie, for the lait Muta-
tioiin of Religioun^ and Abolifchment of Idolairie, and for doiincafting of the Places
of the fam ; and if fche -wald fuffer the Religioun begun to go fordward, and leve
the Toun at hir departing, free from the Garifonis of Frenche Souldaris that
thay '■xald labour at the Hands of ihair Bretbrein, that the ^uein fould be obeyit
in all Things. Monfieur d'Ofell perceaving the Danger to be grit, gif that ane
fuddant Apointment fuld not be maid ; and that thay war not abill to execute
thiir Tyrranie againft us, efter that the Congregatioun of Kyll ( of whofc cu-
niing we had no Adverteilhicnt ) fuld be joyned with us, with gud "Wordis
dilmiiTit the faidLairdis to pcrfuaid the Brethrein to quiet Concord, to the quhilk
all Men war fo weill myndir, that with ane Voce they cryit, Curfit be they
that feik Ejfufwun of Blude, fJ'eir, or Diffentioun. Lat us pof]efs Chrift iefus^ and
the Benefit e of his Evangell, and nane within Scotland fall be nioir obedient Sub-
jeHis, than ixe fall be. With all Expeditioun war lent from Striviling agane
( efter that the cuming of the Erie of Glencairne was knawin, for the Ene-
mie for Feir quaicked ) the Erie of Argyll, and Lord '^anies foirfaid, and in
thair Cumpanie a craftie Man, Mr. Gawane Haumihoun Abbot of Kd-ucyning
who war fent be the Quein, to finifche the Apointment foirfaid: Bot befoir
that thay came,was the Erie of Glencairne and his honourable Cbmpanie arryved in
"the Toun ; and than be an all Men to prays God, tor that he had fo mercifullie
hard thame, in thair maift extream Neceflitie, and had fent unto thame fuche
Releif, as was abill, without Effufioun of Elude, to flay the Rage of the E-
nemie. The Erie of Argyll and Lord fames did carneftlie perfuaid the Aggremenr
to the quhilk all Men war willing ; bot lum did fmell the Craft of the Ad-
verfaries, to wit, that they war myndit to keip no Point of the Promeis langer
than they had obtainit thair Intent. With the Erie of Glencairne came our
loving Brother 7<?/-w JVillock; Johne Knox was in the Toun befoir; thefe two
went to the Erie of Arg;ylle and Prior, accufing thame of Infidelitie, in fb far
as thay had defraudit thair Brethrein of thair debtfull Supporte and Comfort
in thair grittefl NecefTities. They anfwerit bothe, " That thair Hairt was
" conftanc with thair Brethrein, and that they wald defend that Caus, to the
" uttermoft of thair Power. Bot becaus they had promeifit to labour for
" Concorde, and afTifl the Quein, in cais we refuifit refTonabill Offers, of Con-
" fcience and Honour they could do no les, than to be faythflill in thair Fro-
" mais : And thairfor they required, that the Brethrein micht be perfuaidit
" to confent to that reffonable Appointment, promeifing, in God's Prefens
" that, gif the Quein did brek in ony Joit thairof, that thay, with thair haill
« Powers, wald afTift and concurre with thair Brethrein, in all Tymes to cum. "
M m This
138 The Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. IL
This Promeis maid, the Freacheours appealed the Multitude, and obteinit the
End, that all Men did confent to the Apointment foirfaid, quhilk they obtei-
nit not without grit Labouris ; and na Wonder, for mony foirfaw the Dan-
ger to follow ; yea the Freacheours thamelelfis, in oppin Sermonis did affirme
plainlie, 1'hat thay war affitredly perfuaidhy that the ^lein meat no I'reitthe ; hot to
/top the Mont he of the Adverfarte^ who did mjufiUe hurden us with Rehellioim^ they
moft eaniefilie required all Men to approve the Apointment^ and fo to fuffer Hypocrifie
todifdois it felf. This Apointment was concludit the 28th of Maii, and the
Day following at twa Efternone departit the Congregatioun fra Sanft Johne-
fioun, efrer that Johne Knox had in his Sermone exhortit all Men to Confiancie,
and unfainedlie to thank God, for that it had pleifit hisMercie to ftay the Rage
of the Enemie, without EfFufioun of Elude, and that no Brother fould wea»
rie nor faint to fupporte fiiche as fuld efterwarde be lykwayis perfecuted :
For ((aid hej / am a (fared, that no Parte of this Promeis maid fall be Linger ketpity
then the ^tein and hir Frenche Men have the upper Hand. Mony of the Ene-
mies wer at the fam Sermone ; for efter that the Apointment was maid, they
had frie Entres into the Toun to provide Ludgeingis. Befoir the Lordis
departit, was this Band maid, quhois Tennor followis, as it was writtin and
lubfcryvit.
A
}T Ferthe thelaft Bay of Mali, the Teir of God ijjg. the Congregatioun of
the Well Countrey, with the Congregatioun of Fyfe, Ferthe, Dundie, An-
gus, Mernis and Montrois, leing conveinit in the 'toun of Ferthe, in the 'Name
of Jefus Chrifty for furthfetting of his Glorie, underftanding nathing niair necej-
far for the fam, than to keip ane conftant Ami tie, Unitie and Fellowfchipe togither^
according as thay ar commandit he God, ar confidderat, and hecume hundin and 0-
lleifi, in the Prefens of God, to concurre and affift togither, in doing all Ihingis
required of God in his Scripture, that tnaybeto his Glorie ; and at thair haill Powers
to dijiroy, and away put all 'things that dois Difhonour to his Name ; fo that
God may he puirlie and trewlie worfchipped. And in Cais, that ony ifruhle heis
intendit againft the faidis Congregatiounis, or ony Part, or Member thair of, the haill
Congregatioun fall concurre, affift and convcin togidder, to the Defence of the fam
Congregatioun, or Perfone truhled ; and fall not fpair Labouris, Guidis, Suhftances,
Bodies, and Lyves in manteining the Liberties of the haill Congregatioun, and everie
Member thairof, againft quhatjoevir Power that fall intend the faid Trubk, for
Cms of Religioun, or ony uther Cans depending thairupoiin, or layed to thair Chairge
under Pretence thairof, althocht it happin to be culloured with ony uther out'
Ward Caus, In witnejfing, and Teftimonie of quhilkis, the haill Congregatiounes
foirfaids hes ordeyned, and apointit the Nobillmeny and Perfones under writtteny to
fuhfcryve thir Prefents.
Sic (libfcribitur,
ARCH. ARGYLL. GLENCAIRNE.
ROBERT Lor^BOYD. UCHILTRIE.
JAMES STEWART.
MATHEW CAMFBELL c/Teringland.
The
Lib. II. of RcLgiotm w Scotland. 139
The 29th Day of Mali entred the Qucin, the Duke, Monfieur <^(9/c//, and
the Freihtemen, quho, in difchairginj:; thair Volley of Hackbutes, did weill
merk the Hous of P.itrik Murray^ a Man fervent in Religioiin, and that bald-
lie had fulteinit all Dangeris in that Trubill j againft quhois Stair they direft-
ed (ex or fevin Schot evin againft the Faces of thefe that war thair lyand;
all Man elchaipit, except the Sone of the laid P^itiik, a Boy of ten or twelf
Yeirs of Age, who being flane, was had to the Queinis Prefens. Bot fche
undcrflanding whois Sone he was, faid in Mockage, It u a Fittie it chancit
one the Som^and not one the Father \ hot fe'wg that fo it chanced^me cannot be againji
Fortoun. This was hir happic Intres in Sanft Johieftoun^ and the grit Zeill
fche buir to Jufticc. The fwarme of Papiftis that entred with hir began
ftraycht to niak Provifioun for thair Mes, and becaus the Alteris wer not fo
eafilic to be repaired agane,they providit Tables,quhairof fum befoir ufit to ferv
for Drunkardis, Dycearis, and Cairtaris, bot they war holie yneuche for the
Preirt and his Padgean. The Quein began to rage againft all godlie and ho-
ncft Men, thair Houfes war opprefTit be the Frenchmen^ the lawfull Magiftrates,
alfweill Proveifl as Baillyeis, war injurtlie and without all Ordour depoifit
from thair Authoritie. A wicked Man, voyd of Godis Fcir, and deflitute of
all Vertew, the Laird of Kynfanis was intruiHit by hir Proveift of the Toun,
quhairat all honeft Men waroffendif,they left thair awin Hoi'fes,and with thair
"VVyifis and Childrein foucht amangft thair Brethrein fum refting Place for a
Tyme. Sche tuk Ordour that four Enfcnyeis of the Souldiers fciuld remain
in the Toun to mantein Idolatrie, and to refirt; the Congrcgatioun. Honefl
and indifferent Men askit quhy fche did fo manifeftlie violat hir Promeis ?
Sche anfwered. That fche was bund to noHeretyikis to keip Promeis : And more^
over, That fche promeifit onelie to leve the Toun voyde of Frenche
Souldiors, quhilk fche laid (che did, becaus that thes that war left within
war Scottifmen. Bot when it was refTonit in hir contrair, That all thois
that tuk Wages of France war counted Frenche Souldiors : Sche anfwerir.
Princes wii/i not /I rait lie be bund to keip thair Promeifes. My feJf\ laid fche,
tsoald w.ak litill Ccnj'cience to tak from all that fort thair Lyves and Heritages^ gif
I micht do it with als honeft an Exciiis. And then fche left the Toun in ex^.
treim Bondage,efter that hir ^^nzp^\\Q Frenchemen had mof^ cruellieintreatit the
mofl Parte of theis that remainit in the fame : The Erie of Argyll^ and Lord
James foirfaid perceaving in the Quein nothing bot mere Tyrranie and Falfer,
myndfull of thair former Promeis maid to thair Brethrein, did fecreitlie con-
voy thamefelfis, and thair Cumpanies off the Toun ; and with thame departit
the Lord Riithven (of quhome befoir mentioun is maid) the Erie of Mont eith,
and the Laird of 'Tiillybardin, quho in God's Prefence did confidderat and bind
thamefelfis togither, fayrhfullie promeifing one to afTift ane uther againft all
Perfonis that wald perfew thame for Religiounis Saik ; and alfo that they, with
thair haill Force and Power, wald defend the Brethrein perfccuted for the
fame Caus. The Quein heichlie ofFendit ar the fuddane Departure of the
Perfonis foirfaid, fend Chairges to thame to returne under the hieft Pain of
hir Difpiefbur. Bot they anfwerit. That with fafe Confcience they culd not
be Partakeris of fa manifefl Tirranie as by hir was committit, and of fa grit
Iniquifie as thty perceaved devifed be hir, and hir ungodlie Confaill, the
Prelatis.
This Anfwer was gevin to hir the firft Day ofjimii^znd. immediatly the Erie
oiArgylle and Lord James repaired towardis Sancl Jndroisj and in thair Jorney
M m 2 gave
14.0 The Hijlorie of the Refer matioun Lib. II.
gave Adverteifinent by wrytting to the Laird of /)««, to the Laird of Pet-
tarro to the Proveift of DunJie^ and uthers, ProfefTours in Jngits, to vifite
thame in St. Atidro'is the fburt of Jun'ti, tor Reformatioun to be maid thair.
Quhilk Day they keipit, and brocht in thair Cumpanie Johtie Knox, quho the
firft Day, efter his cuming to Fyfe, did preiche in Catrile, the nixt Day in Jfi~
ftruther, mynding x\\e So)2cldy, quhilk was the thrid, to preiche inSanft ^Wro//.
The Bifchope heiring of Reformatioun to be maid in his Cathedrall Churche,
ihocht Tyme to fteir, or ellis nevir, and thairfoir alTemblit his Colliges, and
confederal Fellowis,be(ydis his uther Freindis, and cum to the Toun upoun the
«ymfr^rt)' at Nicht, accumpanied with a hundreth Speiris, of mynd to have
flopped Jobne Knox to have preiched. The Lords and Gentilmen foirfaid wer
onlie accumpanied with thair quiet Houflialdis, and thafffoir the fuddane
cuming of the Bifchope was moir feirfull ; for then was the Quein and hir
Fremhemen departit from St. Johneftoun, and wer lyand in Falkland, within
twell Myillis of St. Androis ; and the Toun at that Tyme had not gevin Pro-
feffioun of Chrift, and thairfoir culd not the Lords be aflured of thair Freind-
(chip. Confultatioun being haid, mony war of mynd that the Preiching (uld
be delayed for that Day, and efpeciallie that Johne Knox fould not preiche,
for that did the Bifchope affirme that he wald not fuffer, confiddering that
by his Comandment the Picture of the iaid Johne was befoir brunt. He wil-
lit thairfoir ane honeft GentiHman, Robert Colveill oi Cleljlo, to (ay to the Lords,
That in cais the (aid Johne Knox prefentit himfelf to the Preicheing-plaice, in
his Toun and principall Kirk, he (buld gar him be faluted with a Defloun of
Culveringis, quhairof the moft Parte (buld licht on his Nois. Efter lang De-
liberatioun had, the (aid Johne was callit, that his awin Jugement micht be
had : Quhen mony Perfuafiouns wer mayd that he (buld delay for that Tyme,
and grit Terrors gevin in cais he (buld interpryis (uche a Thing as it war in
Contempt of the Bi(chopes. He anfwered, God is JVitnes that I nevir preiched
Chriji Jefits in contempt of any Man^nether mynd I to prefent my feJf to that Plaicey
loaving ether refpe^ to my awin private Comoditie, ether yit to the warldlie
Hurt of ony Creature : Bot to delay to preiche To-morrow (unles the Bodie he
violentlie with-haldin) I cannot of Confcience : For in tits Toun and Kirk began
God firft to call me to the Dignitie of a Preicheoitr, from the whiche I was reft
ly the Tirranie of France, by Procurment of the Bifchopis, as ye all weill yneuche
hiaw \ how lang I continewit Prifoner, quhat Torment I fufteinit in the Galayis^
and quhat war the Sohis of my Hairt, is now no Tyme to recite. This onlie I
cannot conceill, quhilk mae than ane have hard me fay, quhen the Bodie was far
abfent fra Scotland, That my affurit Hope was, in opin Audience, to preiche in
San^ Androir, befoir I departit this Lyif. And thairfoir, faid he, my Lordis,
Jeing that God above the Expeffatioun of manie hes brocht the Bodie to the fam
Place quhair firft I was callit to the Office of a Preicheour, and from the quhilk
maifi injuftlie I was removit, I hefeik your Honours not to ftope me to prefent
my felf unto my Brethrein: And as for the feir of Ti anger that may cum to me,
let no Man be folift, for my Lyf is in the Cuftodie of him quhois Glorie I feik ;
and thairfoir I cannot fo feir thair Boift nor Tyrranie, that I will ceis from do-
ing my Dewtie, quhen God of his Mercie offreth the Occafioun. I defyre the Hand
nor Weapone of no Man to defend me ; onlie I crave Audience ; quhilk, gif it be
denyed heir unto me at this Tyme, I mufl feik farther quhair I may have it. At
thefe Wordis, quhilk he fpak, war the Lordis fullie content that he (buld
occupie the Plaice, quhilk he did upoun Sonday the tent of Junii, and did in-
treit
LiB II. of Religioiin m Scothnd. 1 41
rreit the Eje.lmn of the Byers aiiHtbe Sellers furl he of the Temple of ]cwQikm -,
as it is writtin in the Evangelifts Matthew and Johm ; and (b applycd the
Corriiptioun that was then, to the Coriuptioun that is in the Fapiftrie : And
Ciinllis Faft to the Dcwtie of thois to quhome God givethe Power and Zeill
thairto,rhat alfwcill the Migirtratcs,rhe Provci(t,and Bailyeis as the Comonaity
did agiie to remove all Monumentis of Idolatrie, quhilk alio they did with
Expeditioun. The Bifchope adverteifit heirof, departit that (am Day to the
Quein, qiiha lay with hir Frenibeiiiet?^ as (aid is, in Falkhind. The hole Furie
ot' the Bilchopis did fo kendill hir Choler (and yit the Luif was verie cauld
betwix thame) that without farder Delay, Conclufioun was takin to invaid
Sanci Aihir^is and the two youngLordis,quho then wer verie (clenderlie accumpa-
nied. Pollis war fend froin the Quein with all Deligence to Couper^ di(tanc
onclie lex Mollis (rom Szn6i Audrois^ to prepair Lugeingis and Viftuells for
the Quein and hir Frenchemen. Curriors wer (end befoir, and Lugeingis war
afllgnit. Quhilk Thing underrtude,Con(aill was gevin to the Lordis to merche
fordward, and to prevent thame befoir they came to Coiiper : Quhilk they
did, geving Adverteifment to all Brethrein with polTibill Expeditioun to re-
pair towards thame ; quhilk they alio did, with fick Diligence, that in thair
Afiemblie the wondrous Work of God micht be efpyed : For quhcn at Niche
the Lordis came to Caliper, thay war not ane hundreth Hors, and a certane
Fureman quftome Lord James brocht from the Coaft Syid ; and yit befoir the
nixt Day at 12 Hours fquhilk was Tyifday the 13th of Junii) the Number
palTit thre thouland Men, quhilk be Godis Providence came unto the Lordis *
from Lo/ithiane, the Lairdis of Ormi/ioiiii, CaUer, Haltoitri, Kejtalrig, and Col-
ftouii, quho albeit they under(tude at thair departing from thair awin Hous
no fuche Truble, yit war they by thair gude Counfaill verie comfortable
that Day. The Lord Ruthven came fra Sanft Johnefloim with fum Hor(men
with him: The Eric of Rothnis, Sheref of Fyfe, came with anehoneft Cum-
panic. The Tounis of Dimdie and Sanft Androis declairit thamefelfis bothe
flout and faythtull. Coiiper^ becaus it ftude in gritteft Danger, afllftit with
thair haill Force. Finallie, God did fo multiplie our Number, that it appei-
rit as Men had rained from the Cloudis. The Enemie underftanding nothing
of our Force, affured thamefelfis of Viftorie. Quha had been in Falkland the
Nicht befoir, micht have feen embracing and kifTing betwix the Quein, the
Du> ke, and the Bifchope. Bot Mai(kr Gawaue Haiimiltom, Gapper for the
Bifchoprick of Sanci /f«^/o//, above all utheris was luifinglie embraced of the
Quein j for he maid his folemn Vow, That he wald fecht, and that he (culd
nevir returne till he had brocht thefe Traytouris to hir Graice, eyther quick
or deid. And thus befoir Midnicht did they (end fordward thair Ordinance,
thamefelfis did foll.)w be three Hours in the Morning The Lords heirof ad-
verteifit, an<mbled thair Cumpany airlie in the Morning upoun CoMper Muir j
qtihair be the Advys of 3^a;Hfx Halybourtoim Proveift of Dundie, was chofen 3
Plaice of Ground convenient for our Defence ; for it was fo chofen, that up-
oun all Sv'dis cur Ordinance micht have bett the Enemie, and yit we to
have (Hardin in faiftie, if we had bein perfewed till we had cum to Hand-
ftrai is. The Lord Ruthven tuk the Chairge of the Hor(rnen, and ordered
thame fo. That the Enemy was nevir permitted to efpye our Number j the
Day w>s dark, quhilk helpit thairto. The Enemie (as befoir is faid) think-
ing to have fund no Refiffance, efter that they had twyis or thryis praftei/ic
with us, as that they wald retyir, merched fordward with grit Expeditioun,
N n and
Ii.2 The Hiflone of (he Reformatioun Lib. II.
and approchit within a Mylle befoir that evir thair Horfmen ftayit, and yit
they keipt betwix us and thame a grit Waiter for thair Strenthe. It appeired
to us, that eyther they merched for Couper or Sancl Andro'is \ and thairfbir
our Horfmen in thair Troupe, and a Parte of the Futemen merched fiimquhat
alwayis befoir thame for faiftie of the Toun. The Lords,, with the Gentil-
men of Fyif^ and (b mony oi Angus and Mernis as war prefent, keipit thame.
(elfis clois in a Knot, neir to the Number of a Thoufand Speirs.
The Touns of Diwdie and Sanft Andros war arrayed in ane uther Battell,
quha came not to the Sicht of the Enemy, till that efrer twell Hours, thar
the Mift began to evanifche, and then pafled fum of thair Horfmen to a
Montane, from the Hicht quhairof they micht difterne our Number, quhilk
perceaved by thame, thair Horfmen and Footemen flayed incontinent. Poftis
ran to the Duke and Monfieur Dofell^ to declair our Number, and quhat Or-
dour we keapedj and then war Mediatours fent to mak Apointment ; but they
war nor luffered to approche neir the Lords, nether yit to the Vew of our
Camp, whiche put thame to gritter Fear. Anfwer was given unto thame.
That as we had ojfended no Man^ fo wald we feik Apointment of no Man : Bot
if ony wald feik our Lyves^ {as we war informed they did) they fuld find us if
they pie fed to make Diligence. This Anfwer receaved, war fent agane the Lord
Lindefay, and Laird of Wachtoim^ quho earneftlie requeifted us to Concord,
and that v^e wald not be the Occafioun that innocent Bloode fbuld be fched.
We anfwered, 'That nether hact we ^larrell aganft ony Man^ nether yet foucht we
anie Manis Elude ; onlte we wer convened for Defence of our awin Lyves, un-
juftlie focht by itthers. We added farder, That if they culd find the Meane that
•ae and our Brethrein micht be free from the Ttrranny devifed aganft usj that
they fuld reffonahlie defire nothing quhilk fould be denyed for our Parte. This
Anfwer receaved, the Duke and Monfieur d*Ojfelly having ComifTioun
of the Quein Regent, requyred, that Affurance micht be takin for aucht
Dayis, to the End that indifferent Men in the mean Tyme micht comone
upoun fum finall Agreement of thofe Thingis quhilk then war in Contro-
verfie. Heirto did we fuUie confent, albeit that in Number and Force we
war far Superiouvs ; and for Teflificatioun heirof^ we fent unto thame our
Hand-writtis, and we lykeways receaved thairs, with Promeis that within two
or thre Dayis fum defcreit Men fuld be fent unto us to Sanft Andres^ with
tarder Krtawlege of the Queinis Mynd. The Tenour of the AfTurance was this.
The Affurance.
JJ/E, James Duke of Chatterauk, Erie of Arrane, Lord Haumiltoun, &!:.
'' and my Lord Dofell, Lieutennent for the King in thir Partis^ for ourfelfis^
A[fifteris and Purtakeris^ being prefently with us in Gmpanie^ be the Tenour heir-
of promeis faythfully of Honour to my Lordis Archibald Erie of Argyll, and
Tames Comendatour of the Priorie of SanSl Andros, to thair Affifleris and Par-
tdkeriSy 'being prefentlie iloith thame in Cumpanie^ That we^ and our Cumpanie foit-
faid., fall reteir incontinent to Falkland ; and fally with Diligence^ tranfport the
Frenchemen and our uther Folkis now prefentlie with us j and that na Frenche-
tiien, or uther Soldiours of ours, fall remane within the Boundis of Fyif, bot fa
inony as befoir the rayfing of the laft Army lay in Dyfart, Kirkcaldie and King-
horne, and the fame to ly in the fame Places cnlie, gif nine fall think gude. And
this to hate Effect for the Space of aucht Dayis foliowivg the Dait heir of exclu-
five j
Lib. 11. of Keiigtouu in Scotland. 14.3;
five ; ihat in the meane Tyme certatie Nobill Metij he the Acivtfe of the ^te'tnis
Grace^ and rel't of the CoutifiiU^ may coirjene. to talk of fick Thingij^ as may maf:
lude Ordour and ^uietties anwngis the ^nejnis Leiges. And Jarder^ tVe nor
none of cur AjfifiereSy being prefent '■jijiih us, fall ttnaid^ trubill, or unquiet the
faid Lordisy nor thair Affilteris, durifig the faid. Spaice. And this we kind ana
okleis us, upoun our lautre Ftdelitie and Honour, to offerve and keip in every
Point ahove-ooritten, hot Fraud or Gyll. In IVitnes quhairof we have fuhfcryyit
thir Prefent s vnilh our Hands ^ at Gartabanks the \yh of Junii, ij^p.
JAMES DUCRE.
L. L. ENNEN J.
And this receaved, we departed firft, becaus wc war thareto requifted by
the Duke, and lb returned to Coiipar, lauding and prayfing God for his Mer-
cie fchewed \ and tharetter everie Man departed to his dwelling Plaice.
The Lordis, and a grit Parte of the Gentilmen palTed to Sanft Androis, quho
thare abaid certane Dayis, ftill looking for thofe that war promifed to come
from the Quein, for Appointment to be maid. But we perceaving hir Craft and
Deceat (for under that AHiirance fche meinit nothing ells, but to convoy hir-
(elt, hir Ordnance, hir Frenchemen over the Water of Forthe) tuk Confuitatioun
for Deliverence of Sanft Johneftoun from thele ungodlie Soldiours, and how
our Brethrein, exylled from thair awin Houles, might be reftoired agane.
It was concluded, that the Brethrein of Fyif Angus, Meruis and Stratherne^
(buld convein at Sanft Johneftoun the 24th Day of Junii for that Purpofe ;
and, in the mean Tyme, wer thefe Letteris written b)e the Erie of Argyll and
Lord Jamesy to the Quein then Regent.
Madame,
JZFier the hartie Comendotiounes of Service, this fall he to fchaiio your Graice^
*^ That upoun the 1 yh Day of Junii we 'xar informed be thame ihat tmar Co~
mmers bet-wix my Lord Duke, Monfieur Dofell, and us, that 'Joe fould have fpo-
kin irreverentlie of your Grace, -xhiche isje befeik your Grace, for the trew Ser-
vice iiue have maid, and ar reddy to make at all Tymes to your Grace, ihat of
your Goodnes you mil lat us hiaiiu the Sayeris thareof, and ijce fall do the Deity
tie of trenfj Subje^is, to defend our awin Innocencie, as we tak God to witnes, of
the gude Zeall and Love we heir towards you, to ferve you with trew Hartisy
and dll that we have, alf-^eall Landis as Gudis, defying na uther Thing for our
Service hot the Libertie of our Conjcience, to ferve the Lord our God as we will
anfwer to him, quhilk your Grace aucht and fuld give to us frelie unrequyred. More-
over, phis your Grace, ihat my Lord Duke, and the Nobill Men being 7»Striveling/or
the 7yme, he your Grace's yfdvyfe, fotifted us to fas to the Congregatioun convened
at the Toiin of Perthe, to comoun of Concord, quhair we did our exall JDili*
gence, ana hrocht it to pas gs your Grace htawis ; and thare is one Point that
ve plaint is not ohferved to us, quhilji is, that na isoldiour fuld remane iii the Toun
*fter your Graces departing; and ftipfois it may h inferred, it was fpokin of
Frerche Soldiours allanerlie, yit we tu}i it utherways, lyk as %e do yitj ihat Scot-
tilmen, or cry uther Natiovn takand the King of Frarces ft ages, ar repute end
iialden Frenche Soldiours: Tharefoir, fen we of gud Will ana Mynd hroucht that
Mater to your Graces Contentment, it will pleis your Grace, of your Goodnes, to
remove the Soldiours and thair Capanis, with uther is that home gottin Chair ge of
N n a the
1 44 The Hi ft or ie of the Kejormatioun L i b, II.
the Tom, that the fam may he guidh and reullit frelie, as it was hefoir be the
Bailyeis and Comfaill, conforme to thair Infeftmentis gev'm to tbame be the ancient
and moft excellent Kingis of this Realme^ to eleB and chufe thair Officiaris at
Michelmas, and they to indure for the Spatce of an Teir, conforme to the auld
Ryte and Confuetude of this Realme; quhilk being done be your Grace, we tniift,
the better Succes fall follow thareupon to your Graces Contentment, as the Bearar
will declar at mair Lenth to your Grace ; quhome God preferve.
To S^nSiJohneftoun, with the Gentilmen befoir expreflir, did convene the Erie
of Monteithe, the Laird of Glenurquhare, and divers 6thers quho befoir had not pre-
fentit thamefelfis for Defence of thair Brethrein. Quhen the liaill Multitude was
convened, a Trumpet was fent be the Lordis, comanding the Captanes and thair
Bandis, to avoyde the Toun, and to leave it to the ancient Libertie and juft
Inhabitantis of the fam : Alfo comanding the Laird of Kynfanis, inlett Proveft
be the Quein, with the Captanes foirfaids, to caft up the Portis of the Toun,
and mak the (am patent to all our Soveranes Leiges, to the Effecl that alfl
Weill trew Religioun now anes begun tharein, may be mainteaned, and Ido-
latrie utterly fupprefled ; as alfo that the faid Toun micht joyfe and bruick
thair ancient Lawis and Liberties unopreffed by Men of War, according to
thair auld Privileges granted to thame be the ancient Princes of the Realme,
and according to the Provifioun conteaned in the Contraft of Mariage maid
be the Nobility and Parliament of this Realme, with the Ring of Francey
beirand, That nane of our auld Lawis nor Liberteis fould be altered. Ad-
ding thareto, Gif they foolifchlie refifted, and tharein happened to comit
Murther, that they (buld be entreated as Murtherers. To the quhilk they
anfwered proudlie, 'J'hat they wald heap and defend that 'Toun, according to
thair Promeis maid to the ^uein Regent.
This Answer receaved, Preparatioun was maid for the Siege and Aflaulf.
For amonges all it was concludit, that the Toun fould be fet at Libertie, to
quhat Danger foevir thair Bodies fould be exponed. Quhill Preparatioun was
in making, came the Erie of Huntlie, the Lord Erfkin, and Maifter Johne Ban-
natyn Juftice Clerk, requiring, that the Purfuitofthe Toun fould be delayed.
To (peik thame war apointit the Erie of Argylle, Lord James, and Lord Ruth-
ven, quho perceaving nothing in thame bot a Drift of Time, without ony At
furance that the former Wrangis fould be redrefled, gave unto tbame fohorte
and plain Anfweres, That thay wald not delay thair Purpois ane Hour: -And
thair/oir willit thame to certifie the Captanes in the Toun, that if by Pryd and
Folifchnes, they wald keip the Toun, and in fo doing flay ony of thair Brethrein,
that thay everie ane fould die as Murther aris. The Erie of Huntlie difpleifit at
this Anfwer departit, as hichelie offendit, that he could not dres fuche ane A-
pointment, as fould have contentit the Quein and the Preiftis. Efter thair
departing, the Toun was agane fomondit : Bot the Captanes, foppofing that
na fuddane Perfiiit fould be maid, and luiking for Relief to have bein ftnt
from the Quein, abode in thair former Opinioun : And fo upoun Saturday,
the ajth of 7««"> at ten Hours at Nicht, comandit the Lord Kuthven, quha
befeigit the PVe/i Quarter, to fchute the firft Voley, quhilk being done, the Toun
of Dmdie did the lyk, quhois Ordinance lay upoun the Ei/i Side of the Brig.
The
L I B. II. of Rcligioim in Scotland. 1 45
The Captanes and Souldiours within the Toun pcrceaving, that they war
unabill lang to refift, required AlTurance, till tvvclf Hours upoun the Morne
promifing, Tbat if or that Hour thare came m Relet f unto thame fra the 'Suew
Regent, that they waU ranker the Toun, prcv'tding, that they Jould he fufferedio de-
fart the Toun -xlth Eiifenyeis difplayit. We thriving the Bludc of no Man and
feiking onelie the Libertie of our Brethrein, condefcendit to thair Dcfyris al-
beit we micht have executed againft thame Jugement without Mcrcie for'that
they had refuifit our former Favours, and had flane ane of our Brethrein and
had hurt two in thair Afliftance ; and yit we fufferit thame freelie to departe
without ony farther Moleftatioun.
The Toun being deliverit from thair Thraldome, upoun Sonday the
26th of Jtnui, Thankis war gevin to God, for his grit Benefitis receaved
and Confultatioun was taikin, quhat was farder to be done. In this mein
Tyme, four zealous Men, confidering how obftinate, proude and defpytfull the
Bifchope of A/rt/Tflj' had bein befoir, how he had threatnit the Toun be his Soul-
diours and Freindis, quho lay in the Abay of Scone, thocht gud that fum Or-
dour fould be taikin with him, and with that Plaice, quhilk Jay neir to the
Toun End. The Lordis wrote unto him ( for he lay in the faid Abbay
quhilk was within two Myllis to Sanft Johneftoun ) That miles he waldcum and
a0 thdwe, they nether '■joald Jpa'tr nor fave his plaice. He anfwercd by his
■'VJnn\n^,That he ixiald cmn,aud do as thay thocht expedient; that hcjuald affiji ihame
-with his Force, and ijuald voit with thame againft the reft of the Ciergie in Parlia
went. Bot becaus his An(v\er was flow in cuming, the Toun of Dundie partclv
ofFendit tor the Slauchter of thair Man, and fpeciaily beiring no gude Favour
to the faidBifchope, for that he was and is cheif Enemie to Chrirt Jefijs, and that
by his Counfaill allone was JVdher Mylle our Brother put to Deyth, they mer-
ched fordward To (tay thame was firft fent the Proveift of Limdie, and his Bro-
ther Alexander Halyhourtoiin Captain, quha litill prevaillit, was fent unto thame
Johns Knox, bot befoir his cuming they war enterit to the pulling doun of the I-
dollis and Dortour. And albeit the faid Mr. James Halybourtoun, Alexander
his Brother, and the faid Johne did quhat in thame lay to have flayed the
Furie of the Multitude ; yit war thay not abill to put Ordour univerfallie :
And thairfor they fent for the Lordis, Erie of Argyll and Lord James, quho*
cuming with all Diligence, labored to have faved the Plaice, and the Kirk. Bot
becaus the Multitude had found, burj'ed in the Kirk, a grit Number of Jdollis
hid, of Purpois to have preferved thame to a better Day (as the Papiffis fpak)
the Touns of Dundie and Sanft Johneftoun could not be fatisfied, till thit the haill
Reparatioun and Ornamentis of the Kirk ( as they fearmit it ) wer deflroyed
And yit did the Lords fo travell, that they favit the Bifchopis Palaice, with
theChurche and Plaice for thatNicht: For the two Lordis did not departe till
thay brocht with thame the hail Number of thefe that maifl focht the Bifchopis
Difplefbur. The Bifchope gritlie ofFendit that ony Thing (buld have bein
interpryfit, in Reformatioun of his Plaice, afkit of the Lords his Band and
Hand-wricting, quhilk not two Hours befoir he had fent unto thame, quhilk
deliverit to his MelTinger Adam Broun, Adverteifment was gevin, that gif onw
farder Difplefbur chanced unto him, that he fbuld not blame thame.
The Bifchopis Servandis that lame Nicht began to fortifie the Plaice again '
and began to do Violence to fum that war carying away fuch Baggage as they
culd cum be. The Bifchopis Girnell was keipt the firft Nicht be the Lauboris of
Johne Knoxy quho by Exhortatioun removed fuche, as wald vioJentlie have
O ° maid
I ±6 The Hifiorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. II.
maid Irruptioun. That fam Nicht departit from San6l Jokneftoun the Erie of
/Irgylle, and Lord James, as after fall be declaired . The Morrow following
lum of the Pure, in Hoip of Spoille, and fum of Dimdie, to confidder quhat
was done, paflit up to the faid Abbay of Scone ; quhairat the Bifchopis Ser-
vands offendit, began to threattin and fpeik proudelie : And, as it was con-
ftantlie affirmir, ane of Bifchopis Sones ftoggit throuch with a Rapper one of
Dundie, for becaus he was luiking in at the Girnell Dure. The Brute heir-
of noyfit abroade, the Toun of Dund'ie was more inraged than befoir, quho
putting thamefelfis in Armor, fent Word to the Inhabitants of San(5l Johne-
Jioun, I'iiat utiles they fiild fupporte thamey to avenge that Injurie, that they fuld
nev'ir efter that Day, concurre with thame in ony Aclioun. The Multitude eafelie
inflamed, gave the AUarm : And fb was that Abbay and Plaice apointed to
Sackage ; in doing quhairof they tuk no lang DeUberatioun, bot comitred the
holle to the Merciment of Fyre, quhairat no fmall Number of us war offendit,
that patientlie we could not fpeik till ony that war of Dnndie or Sanft Johne-
ftoun. A pure agit Matrone, feing the Flame of Fyre pas up lb michtelie,
and perceaving that monie war thairat offendit, in plane and fbber Maner of
fpeiking, laid, Now I fie and underftand, that Godis Jiigementis ar jiift, and
that no Man is ahill to fave qiihare he -mil pimifche. Sen my Remembrance, this
Plaice hes hein nothing ellis hot a Den of Hunnongeris. It is incredibill to beleve, how
jnony fV^fis has bein adulter at, and Virgins deflourit be the filthie Beiftis, which e have
hein foflered in this Den ; bot efpeciallie be that wikit Man, quho is callit the
Bifchope. Gif all Men knew alfmekill as I, they wald prais God, and no Man
wald be ojfendit. This Woman dwelt in the Toun, neir unto the Abbay, at
quhois Wordis war many pacifeit ; affirming with hir that it was Godis juft
Jugementis. And afluredlie gif the Labours or Travellis ' of ony Man could
have favit that Plaice, it had not bein at that Tyme deftroyed ; for Men of grit
Eftimatioun labourit with all Diligence for the Saiftie of it.
Quhill thir Thingis war done at Sanft Johneftoun, the Quein feiring quhat
Ibuld follow, determined to fend certane Bandis of Frenche Souldiours to Stir-
I'mg, of Purpois to floppe the Paflage to us, that then wer upoun the northe
Syid of Forthe, quhilk underftude, the Erie of Argyll and Lord James departit
fecreitlie upoun the Nicht, and with grit Expeditioun preventing the Frenche
Souldiours, they tuke the Toun C befoir quhois cuming the rafcall Multitude
put Hands in the TheifSs, I fuld fay Freiris Plaices, and utterlie deftroyed themj
quhairat the Quein and hir Faftion, not a litill affrayed, with all Deligence
departit from Edinburghe to Dunbar. And fo we with reafbnable Diligence
merched Tbrdward to Edinburghe, for Reformatioun to be maid thair, quhair
we arryved the 29th of 'Junii. The Proveifl: for that Tyme, the Lord Seytoun,
(a Man without God, without Honeflie, and oftentymes without Reflbn) had be-
foir gritlie trublit and moleftit theBrethrein ; for he had taikin upoun him the Pro-
teflioun and Defence of the Black and Gray Freirs ; for that Purpois did not one-
He ly himfelf in the one everie Nicht, bot alfb conf^raynit the moft honeft in the
Toun towatche thefe Monf^ures, to thair grit Greif and Trubill. But he heirirgof
our fuddante cuming, abandoned his Chairge, and left the Spoill io the Pure,
quho had maid Havock of all (iiche Thingis, as wer moveabill in thefe Places,
befoir our cuming, and had left nothing but bair Wallis, yea not fo muche as
Duire or Window, quhairthrow we wer the les troublir in putting Ordour in
luche Plaices.
Efter
Lib. II. ofRcligioim in Scotland. 147
Efter that certane Days we had deliberated quhat was to be done, and that
Ordoiir was taikin for fupprLfTing of all Monumenris of Idolatrie within that
Toun, and the Places nixt adjacent, Dcterminatioun was takin, to fend fum
McflTingers to the Quein than Regent, for fche had bruited (as hir accufttrn-
ed Maner was, and yit hirDochteris is, evir to forge Lies ) that we (bucht no-
thing hot hir Lyif, and a plainRevolrment from the lawfull Obedience dew to
our Sovcrane hir Authoriiic, as by the Tcnour of thefe Lettcris may be fein.
FR A X c I s and Mary, /v the Gra'tce ofGod^ King and ^<eht of Scotis, DauU
pk'tue and Danlpbinei of Viennoys, to our Lovits, Lyoun King of Annes^
&c. our Skeiefs^ in that Parte, conjtmctlie and feveralUe, fpedallie coujtitute, greit-
ting. For Jamekilk as our dearift Mother Marie ^uein Dowager Regent of our Re-
ahne, and Lordis of our Jecreit Counfaill, perceaving the feditious Tumult ray fit be
ane Parte of our Liegif, naming thamejelfis, The Congregatioun, qiiho under Pre-
tence of Religioiin, have put thamefelfis in Armour • and that hir Grace, for fatif
feing everie Manis Confcience, and pacifeing the faidis Truhillis, had off red unto
thame, to affix ane Parliament to be haldin in Januar nixt to cum, ( this was a
manifcft Lie, for this was nether ofierit, nor by hir was ance thocht upoun,
till we requirit it ) or finer, if they had pleifit it, for eftahlifcbing of ane uni-
verfall Ordour in Maters of Religioun, he our Advyis, and Eftaittis of ourReahne ;
and in the mem Tyme, to fujfer everie Man to leif at Libertie of Confcience, 'xilh-
out TruUe, unto the 'Tyme the faid Ordour luar takin, he Advyfs of our foirfaid
States. And at laft, becaus it appeired mekill to ft and, upoun our Burghe o/Edinburghe,
offerit in lyke maner to lat the Inhabit antis thairof chuis quhat Maner of Religioun
they wald fet tip, and ufs for that Time ; [a that na Man micht allege, that he nxas
forced to do again/i his Confcience : ^hilk Offer the ^leinis Grace, our faid deirefi
Mother, 'Juas at that Tyme, and yit is readie to fulfdle: Nottheles the faid Congrega-
tioun, bewg to reffave no reffonabill Offerts, hes fenfyne, be oppin Deid, declarit, that
it is no Religioun, nor ony Thing thairto belonging that they feik, but onelie the Sub^
•ver/ioun of our Authoritie, and Ufurpatioun of our Crown ; in manifefi witneffing quhair-
of they daylie receave Inglifche Men, with Meffages unto thame, and fendts ficklyk
in Ingland. And laft of all, fame violentlie intromettit, withtaken and yit uphaldis
the Yronis of our Cunyehous, quhilk is ane of the cheif Poiniis that concernis our
Croun y and ficklyke hes intromettit with our Palice of Halyrudhous. Our JV ill is
hairfoir, that ye pas to the faid Mercat Croce of our faid Bruch of Edinburghc,
or ony uther puhlicl Plaice within the fam, and thair be oppin Proclamatioun, in our'
Names and Authoritie, comand and chairge all and fundrie Perfonis of the faid Con-
gregatioun, or yit being prefent within our faid Burghe, uther. then the Inhabit antis
thairof, that thay -within fix Hours nixt efter our faid Chairge, depart e furthe of
the fame, under the Pane of 'J'refjoun ; and alfo, that ye comand and chairge all
and fundrie Perfonis, to leive thair Cumpanye, and adhere to our Authoritie, with
Certificafwun to fuche, as do the contrarie, fall be reput and haldin as tnanifefi
Tratours to our Croun, &C,
Thefe Letteris did not a little greave us, who moft Injuftlie war accuf^
ed J for thare is never a Sentence of the Narrative trew, except that we flay-
ed the Yrones, and that for mo(^ juft Caus, to txit, becaus that dailie thare
war fuch Numbers of Lion i {alias called Hardheids) prented, that the Bafe-
nes thareof maid allThingis exceiding dear ; and tharefoir we war counfailled
by the wyfleft to ftay the Irons, quhill farder Ordour xnicht be takin. Sche
O o 2 with
138 ^The Hillorie of the Reformatioun Lib. 11.
with all poiTibill Diligence poftit for hir Fa6lioun, Mr. James Balfour was not
idill in the mean Tyme. The Lordis, to purge thame of -thofe odious Crymes
wrait to hir a Letter in Form as efter followis.
P'
\LedS your Grace be advert e fit ^ it is cum to our Knawlege^ that your Grace has
fet furthe^ by your Lett eris openlie proclawed, 1 hat we, called by Name, the
Congregatioun, under Pretence and Cello ur of Religioun, convene together to no.
iither Purpois hot to ufurpe our Soveranes Authoritie, and to invaid your Perfone
reprefentand thairis at this prefent ; quhilk Thingis appeir to have proceided of
fintfier Informatioun maid be our Enemies to your Grace, confiddering that --we ne-
vir mynded fick Thing, but onlie our Purpois and Mvnd was and is to promote and
fet furthe the Gbrie of God, manteane and defend the trew Preichours of his JVord-
and according to the fam, aholifche and put away Idolatrie and fals Abuffes whiche
may not ft and with the faid Word of God; befeiking your Grace to bear pati-
ently therewith, and interpone your Authoritie to the Futherance of the Jam, as is
the Dewtie of everie Chriftiane Prince, and gudMagiftrate : For as to the Obedi-
ence of our- Soverane Authoritie in all Civill and Politick Maters, we ar and fall
le als obedient as ony other your Graces Subjects within the Realme, and that
our CoHventioun is for no uther Purpois but to five our Preichours and thair
Audttoun from the Violence and Injury of our Enemies, quhilk fuld be mair
amplie declarit, be fum of us in your Graces Prefens, gif ye war not accumpa-
nied with fuche as have perfewed our Lyfes, and focht our Elude. Thus nioe
pray Almichtie God to have your Heines in his Eiernell Tuition. At £den-
burghe, the 2d 0/ Julii i;j9.
And for farder Purgatioun hareof, it was thoucht necefTarie, that we fbuld
fimplie expone, alsweill to hir Grace as to the haill Pepill, quhat war our Re-
queaftis and juft Petitiounes \ and for that Purpois, efter that fave Condu6l was
purcheffit and grantit, we direftit unto hir two grave Men of our CounfailJ, to
wit, the Lairds of Pettarro and Cuninghameheid, to quhome we gave Comifli-
oun and Power, firft to expone our hole Purpofe and Intent, quhilk was none
uther than befoir at all Tymes we have required, to wit, that we micht injoy the
Liberty ofConfcience. SecundHe,Th3i\.]eihs Chrift micht be trulie preiched, and
his holie Sacramentis richtly miniftrat unto us. That unabill Minifters micht
be removed from Ecclefiafticall Adminiftratioun ; and that our Preichours micht
be relaxed fra the Home, and permitted to execute thair Chargis without Mo-
leftatioun, unto fuch Tyme as eyther be a generall Counfeill, lawfully conven-
ed, or be a Parliament within the Realme, the Contraverfies in Religioun war
decyded. And for Declaratioun that hir Grace was heirto willing, that the Bands
of Frenchemen, who then war a Burdein untoUerable to the Countrey, and to
us fo feirfull, that we durft not in peacible and queit Maner hant the Places
quhair they did ly, fuld be Cent to France thair native Countrey. Quhilk Thingis
granted, her Grace fbuld have Experience of our accuftomed Obedience.
To thefe Headis fche did anfwer at the firft fo plefandlie, that fche put both
our Comifliouneris in full Efperance, that all fould be granted; and for that
Purpofo fche defired to (peak with fum of gritter Authoritie, promeifing, that
gif they wald afTuir hir of thair dewtifiill Obedience, that fohe wald deny
nothing of that whiche was requyred. For Satisfaftioun of hir Mynd we
(ent agane the Erie of Glencairne, the Lord Ruthven, the Lord Uchiltrie, and
the faid Laird of Pettarro^ with the fem Comiflioun as of befoir. Bot then
fche
L I B. II. of Religioun in Scotland. 1 49
fche began to handill the Mater more craftelic, complaining, that fche was
not focht in a genrill Maner ; and that they in quhome fche had put maift
fingular Confidence, had left hir in hir greatcft Neid ; and fuche uther Thingis
perteining nothing to their Comiflioun, proponed (che to fpcnd and dryve
the Tyme. They anfu'cred, Tbat by unjuft Tyranny droyjed agavft thame and
thair Bielhrein^ (a/ hir Grace did weill knovu) thy war compelled to feak the
estrem Remedie ; and tharefoir that hir Grace aucht not to wonder thocht "odlie
Men left the Cumpanie quhair they netber j'and Fidelitie nor Truthe. In the End
of this Comuning, quhilic was the 12th of July 1/59, fche defyred to have
talked privylie with the Erie o^ Argyll <md Lord James Pryour of S^nft /In.
dros \ tor els (as fche alledgedj fche culd not hot fiifpcfJ-, that they pretend-
ed to fum uther hier Purpois nor Religioun. Sche and hercrafye Counfaill had
abufTit the Duke, perfwading unto him, and unto his Friends, that the faidis
Erie and Pryour had confpyred, firft to depryve our Soverane hir Dochter of
hir Authoritie, and thareafter the Duke and his Succeflioun of thair Title to
the Croun of Scotland. By thefe invented Lyes fche inflamed the Hartis of
many aganft us, infomuch that turn of our awin Number began to murmur
whiche perceaved, alfweill the Preichours in thair publift Sermouns as we
ourfelfis by our publift Proclamatiouns gave Purgatioun and Satisfaftioun to the
Peopel, plainlic and fimplie declaring quhat was our Purpois, taking God to
witneis, that no fuch Crymes ever entered in our Hartis, as moft injuftlie was
layd to our Charge. The Coun(aill, after Confultatioun, thocht not expedi-
ent that the faidis Erie and Pryour (buld talk with the Quein in ony
Sorte: For hir former Praftifes put ail Men in Sufpicioun, that Ibme Deceit
lurked under fuche cuUoured Comoning. Sche had befbir {aid, that gif fche
culd be ony Meane (under thofe two from the reft, fche was afTured fchortlie
to cum by hir hale Purpois ; and ane of hir chief Counfaill in thefe Days
(and we fear bot over inward with hir yit) faid. That or Michaelmefs Day
they two fould leaf thair Headis ; and tharefoir all Men feared to commit
two fuch young Plantis to hir Mercie and Fidelitie. It was tharefoir finallie
denyed, that they fould talk with the Quein, or ony to hir apperreining boc
in Plaices void of all Sufpicioun, quhare they fould be equall in Number with
thofe that fould talk with thame.
The Quein perceaving that hir Craft culd not prevaill, was content that the
Duke's Grace, and the Erie of Hmtlie, with utheris by hir appointed fould
convene at Preftowi to comune with the faids Erie and Pryour, and fuche
utheris as the Lordis of the Congregatioun wald appoint, to the Number of
ane hundred on the Syde, of the whiche Number aucht Perfbnis onlie fbuJd
meit tor Conference. The Principalis for thair Partie war the Duke, the Erie
Huntlie, the Lordis Ersk/n and Somervell, Mr. Gawne Hanmiltoim, and the Ju-
ftice-clerk. From us war direfted the Erles of Argyll and Qencairne^the Lordis
Rutlrjen^Lord James^ Boyd and Uchiltrie^xhe Lairds/)//;/ and Pittarro^c^uho con.
veined at Preftoiin^ fpak the hole Day without ony certane Conclufioun ; for
this was the Prafteis of the Quein, and of hir Faftioun, by Drift of Tyme to
weary our Cumpany, quho, for the moft Parte, had bein upoun the Fields
from the Tenth Day of Maii, that we being difperfed, fche micht cum to
hir Purpofe, in which fche was not altother deceaved ; for our Comunis war
compelled to skaill for Laik of Expenfes, and our Gentilmen partlie conftrayn-
ed be Laik of Furnifching, and partlie hoiping fum finall Apointment, efter Co
mony Comunings, returned for the mofl Part to thair Dwelling-plaices, for
P P re-
I^o 77:?^ Hiftorie of the Reformatioun . Lib. IL
repofing of thamefelfis. The Quein in all thefe Conventiouns Teemed that
fthe wald give Libertie to Religioun, provided that quhairfoevir fche was our
Preichours fbuld ceafe, and the Mefs fbuld be mainteaned. We perceaviog hir
malitious Craft, answered, I'hat as we txald compell hir Grace to no Religioun^
fo culd we not of Confcience^ for the Plejfour of ony earthly Creature^ put Sylence
to Gods trew MeJJengeris ; nether could we fujfer that the richt Adminiftratioun of
Chrifi'ts trew Sacrament is fould give Plaice to manifefi Idolatrie: For in fo doings
•we fould declair ourfelfis Enemies to God^ to Jefus thrift^ his Eternell Veritie^ and
to the Libertie and EftaUifchement of his Kirk within this Realme : For your Re^
queift being granted^ thare can no Kirk within the fam be fo eftahlifched^ hut at
your Plefour^ and by your Refidence and remaining thare, ye niicht overthrow the
famyn. This our laft Anfwer we fent to hir with the Lord Ruthven and Laird
of Pittarro, requyring of hir Grace, in plain Wordis, to fignifie unto us quhat
Hoipe we micht have of hir Favours toward the outferting of Religioun.
We al/b requyred that (che wald remove hir Frenchemen, quho war a Fear to
us, and a Burdean moft greavous to the Cuntrey. And that (che wald pro-
mei's to us, in the Word of a Princes, that fche wald procure na ma to be
ftnt in, and then Ibuld we not only fupport, to the uttermolt of our Poweris,
to furnifthe Schippis and Viftualhs for thair tranfporting, bot alfb, upoun our
Honours, fould we tak her Bodie in our Prote^tioun ; and fould promeis, in
the Prefens of God and the hole Realme, to ferve our Soverane hir Dochter,
and hir Grace's Regent, als faythfuUie and as obedientlie, as evir we did Kingis
within Scotland. That moreover we fould caus our Preichours give Reflbn
of thair Doftrine in hir Audience, till ony that pleafed to impugn any Thing
that they did or taught. Finallie, that we fould fubmit ourfelfis to a lawfiill
Parliament, provyded that the Bifchopes, as the Party accufed, and our plane
Enemies, fould be removed from Judgement,
To no Point wald fche anfwer direftlie, bot in all Thingis fche was fb
generall and fb ambiguous,that hir Craft apeired till all Men. Sche had gottin
ftre Knawlege that ourCumpanie was fcailled (for hir Frenchemen war daylie
amangis us without ony Moleftatioun or Hurt done unto thame) and thair-
foir fche began to difclois hir Mynd, and faid, * The Congregatioun had rung
* thefe two Monethis bypaft,Me myfelf wald ring now uther two.' The Ma-
lice of hir Hairt being plainlie perceaved, Deliberatioun was had what was
to be done. It was concludit. That the Lordis, Barrones, and Gentilmen,
with thare fubflantious Houfhaldis, fould remane in Edinburgh that haill Win-
ter, for the eflablifching of the Kirk rhare. And becaus it was fund. That'
by the Corruptioun of our Money, the Quein made to hirfelf immoderat
GaineSjfbr manteining of hir Suldiours,to the Deftruftioun of the hailComoun
Welth, it was thocht expedient and neceflarie, that the Prenting Yronis,
and all Thingis to thame perteining fould be ftayit, for feir fche fuld privelie
caus tranfporte thame to Dunbar. In this mein Tyme cam the aflurit Word,
firji. That Harie Ring o^ France was hurt, and efter that he was deid. Quhilk
albeit that it aucht to have put hir in Mynd of hir awin Eflait and wickit
Interpryis : For he that fame Tyme in the Fulnes of his Gloria, as fche hir-
felf ufit to fpeik, had determined maifl cruell Perfecutioun agains the Sanftfsf
of God in France, evin as fche hirfelf was heir perfecutand m Scotland: And
yit he fb perifched in his Pryde, That all Men mycht fie that God's juft Ven-
geance did ftryke him, evin quhen his Iniquitie was cuming to full Rypnes.
Albeit we fay, That this wondrous Work of God in his fuddane Deyth, aucht
to
L I B. 11. of Kcligioun in Scotland. 1 5 r
to have dauntonit hir Furie, and gcvin unto hir Admonitioun, that the fame
God culd not futfer hir obrtinate Malice againft his Treuth, lang to be unpu-
nifched : Yit culd hir indurat Hairt nothing be movit to Repentance j for
heiring the ftaying of the Prenting Yronis, fche raged more outragiouflie nOr
oft befoir,and fending for all Richc as war of hir Faftioun,exponit hir greavous
Complaint, aggreging the fam with mony Lies, to "juitte^ That we had de-
clairit that quhilk betoir fche had fufpeftit: For quhat culd jwe mein eliis,
bot Ufurpatioun of the Croun, quhen we durft put Hand to the Cunye Hous
quhilk was a Fortioun of the Patrimonye of the Croun. Sche farder aliegit,
T/'j/ '■Joe bad fpoillit the Cunye Hous of grit Soumes of Money. To the quhilk we
anfwerit, Bothe by our Letteris (end to hir, and to hir Counfaill, and by pub-
lift Proclamatioun to the Fepill, that we, without Ufurpatioun of ony Thing
jufllie aperteining to ihe Cvoun o^ Scotland, did (tay the Prenting Ironis, in
Confideratioun that the Comoun Welthe was gritlie hurt, by corrupting of our
Mony. And becaus that we wer borne Counfaillours of this Realme,and fworne
to procure the Profeit of the fame, we could do no les of Dewtie and ofConfci-
ence, then to ftay that for a Tyme,quhilk we faw fb abufed,that unles Reme-
die war tbund, Ibuld turne to the Detriment of the haill Bodieof this Realme.
And as to hir fals Accufatioun of SpoilyCj we did remit us to the Confcience
of Mr. Rohit KichartfounMsLi^er of the Cunye Hous, quha from our Handis
receaved Gold, Silver, and Mettall, alfw'cill cunyeit as uncunyeit- fb that
with us thare did not remane the Valow of a Babie.
This our Purgatioun and Declaratioun, notwithftanding, fche, partlie be hir
Craft and Policie, and partlie be the Labours of the Bifchopis of St. Androis
and Glafgowy procurit the haill Number that wer with hir, to confent to per-
few us with all Crueltie and Expeditioun,befoir that we culd have our Cumpanie
(quhilk then was difperfed for new Furneifhing) aflembled agane. The Cer-
tantie heirof cuming to our Knawlege the Sutter day at Nicht, the 2/. July,
we did quhat in us lay to geve Adverteifment to our Brethrein : Bot im-
pofTibill it was that thos of the Weft, Angus, Mernis, Stratherne or Fy'if in
ony Number culd cum to us. For the Enemie marched from Duuhar upoun
the Sonday, and approched within two Mylles of us before the Sun-ryfing up-
oun the Mononday. For they verelie fuppoifit to have found no Refiflance,
being afTurit that the Lordis onlie with certane Gentilmen remainit with thare
private Hous. Calling upoun God for Counfaill in that Strait, we fbcht quhat
was the nixt Defence. We micht have left the Toun, and micht have re-
teirit ourfelfis without ony Danger, bot then we fbuld have abandonit our Bre-
threin of Edinburgh, and futferit the Miniflrie thareof to have decayit, quhilk
to our Hairtis was fb dol6rous, that we thocht better to hafard the Extremitie
then fo to do. For then the mofl Part of the Toun appeired rather to favour us
rather then the Quenis Faftioun, and did offer unto us the uttermoft of thare
Support, quhilk for the moft Parte they faythfullie did keip. The fam did
the Toun ofLeyth, bot they kepit not the lyk Fidelitie, For quhan we war
upoun the Feild, merchand fordward fbr thare Support (for the Frenchemen
merched neir to thame^ they randerit thaniefelfis without farder Refiflance.
And this they did, as is fuppofed, by the Treflbn of fum within thamefelfis,
and by Perfwafioun of the Laird ofReJialrig, quhaof befoir declarit himfelf to
have bein one of us, and yit notwithftanding that fam Day randerit himfelf
undefjred to Monfieur d'Ofell. Thare unprovydit and fuddane Defeftioun
1^2 The Hiftorie of the Reformat icun Lib. IL
aftonifchit mony, and yit we reteirit quietlie to the Syid of Craigingate^
quhilk Place we tuk for refifting of the Enemie.
In the mein Tyme divers Mediators paft betwix, among quhome my Lord
Ruthven for our Parte was Principall. Alexander Er/kin did muchtravell to ftay
us and our Souldiours,that we fould nojoyne with thame ofLeyth,nll that they,
as (aid is had randerit thamefelfis to the Frenchemen. The faid Alexander
did promeis that the Frenchemen wald ftay, provyding, That we wald not
ioyne with thofe ofLeyth. Bot efter that they war randerit, we hard nothing
of him bot threatning and difcomfortable Wordis. Befoir aucht Hours in the
Morning, God had gevin unto us bothe Curage, and a reflonable Number to
withftand thare Furie. The Toun of Edinburgh, Co mony as had fubje6^it
thamefelfis to Difciplin,and divers uthers befydis thame, did behave thamefeifis
bothe faythfullie and ftoutelie. The Gentilmen of Lothiaue, efpeciallie Calder^
Onnilioun and Hatton, war verie comfortable, aKweill for thare Counfaills as
for thare haill Afiiftance. Sum Gentilmen of JFyfe prevented the Frenchemen^
utheris wer flopped be Reflbn that the Frenchemen had poffefled Leyth. Al-
wayis the Enemie tuk fuche a Feir, that they determined not to invade us
quhare we flude, but tuk Purpois to have paffit to Edinburgh^ by the ucher
Syid of the Water of Leyth, and that becaus they had the Caftell to thair
Freind, quhilk was to us unknawin; for we fuppoifit tlie Lord Erfkin, Cap-
tane of the fame, eyther to have bein our Freind, or at leift to have bein in-
different. Bot quhen we had determined to fecht, he fend Word to the Erie
of Argyll, to Lord James, his Sifters Sone, and to the uther Nobillmen that
war with us, That he wald declair him(elf both Enemie to thame and to the
Toun and wald (chute at bothe, if they maid ony Refiftance to the Frenche-
men to enter in the Toun. This his treilbnabill De(iance (ent unto us be
the Laird of Ktcartoiin, did abate the Curage of manie, for we culd not fechte
nor ftoppe the Enemie, bot under the Mercie of the Caftell and quholle Or-
dinance thareof Heirupoun was Confultatioun takin, and in Conclufioun, it
was found les Damnage to tak ane Apointment, albeit the Conditiouns war
not fick as we defyrit, then to ha(ard Battell betwix two fuche Enemies.
Etter lang talking, certane Heidis wer drawin be us, quhilk we de(yrit to
be grantit.
1. ^hat no Member of the Congregat'ioitn fuld he triiblit, hi Lyf, Landis^
Giidis or Poffefs'iounis be the ^lein hir Authoritie, or ony uther Juflice mohhin the
Realme, for ony 'Thing done in the luite Innovatioun, till a Parliament ( quhilk fuld
begin the tent of Januar nixt ) had decydit Thingis in Contr aver fie.
iL That Idolatrie fuld not he ereffed, quhair it was at that Day fuppreffed. ^
IlL That the Preicheours and Minijiers fould not he troubled in thair Minijirie,
quhair thay ar alreddie eftablifched, nether yit ftopped to preiche, quhairfoevir they
fould chance to cum.
IV. That na Bandis of Men of Weir fuld he laid in Garifoun within Edin-
burghe.
V. That the Frenche Men fould he fent away at a rejffonabill Day, and that
none uther fuld be hrocht in the Cuntrey without the Confent of the haill Nobilitie
and Parliament. -re
Bot thefe our Artickles wer altered, and in ane uther Forme difpofed as ef-
ter toUowis.
IN
Lib. II. of Keligiotm tn Scotland. 153
At the Lynkis ofLyetb, the 24 Jul// i ;;9. it is apointed in Maner following.
I A'^ //v Jir/} the Coiigregatioiiii and thair Ciimpanie, iiiher'ts then the Inhahitantis'
•* of the faid Toiin, fall remove thauiefelfis forthe of the faid Toitn^ the Mon.e
at ten Hours be fair None, the 2ph of Julii, antl lehe the jam voyde and redd of
thame and thair fiid Cumpanie, con forme to the ^iieinis Graces Plefure and Defyr.
Item. The fatd Congregattoun fall cans the Ironis of the Ctinye hoiis, taken away
he thame, he randerit and deliver it to Mr. Robert Richart(bun ; and in lyik~
-^jayis the ^leinis Graces hir Palice of Halyrudiious to he left, and randerit a-,
gane to Mr. Johne Balfour, or ony uther having hir Graces fufficient Pcrjoer, in the
fame Maner as it --xas receaved, and that hetocix the making cf thir Ai tickles and
the Morne at ten Hours. For oblerving and keiping of thir two Articklts a-
bove writtin, the Lord Kuthven and the Laird of Pittarro hes entered thame-
(elfis Pleges.
Item. The faidis Lordis of the Congregatioun, and all the Memhers thairof, fall
remain obedient Suhjectis to our Soverane Lord and Ladyis Ailhoritie, and to
the ^leinis Grace Regent in thair Plaice ; and fall obey all La-:juis and loveable
Confuetuds of this Realme, as they war ufit of befoir the ufiiig of this Tumult and
Contravefie, e.xceptand the Caus cf Religioun, quhilk fall be heirefier fpecifeit.
Item. The faid Congregatioun, nor nane of thame, fall trouble .nor mole! t a Kirk-
man be IVay of Deid, nor yit fall mak thame ony Impediment in the peacibill bruik-
ing, joyfnig and uptaking of thair Rentis, Profeits and Leuiies of thair Benefices^
lot that thay may frelie ufs and difpone iipoun the fun, according to the Lwjois and
Confuetudes cf this Realme, to the tent Day of Januar nixt to cum.
Item. The faid Congregattoun^ nor nane of thame, fall in na •vcayis fra thence-
furthe ufs ony Force or Violence, in cajiing doun of Kirks, religious Places, or Re-
parralling thairof, hot the f am fall ft and fhiyt hies of thame, unto the faid tent Day cf
Januar.
Item. The Toun of Edinburghe fall without Compulfwun ufe and chufe quhat
Religioun and Maner thairof they pleis, to the faid Day; fo that ever ie Man may
tave Fredome to ufs his a'xin Confcience to the Day foirfaid.
Item. The ^leinis Grace fall not interpone hir Authoritie, to moleft or troubill
the Preicheours of the Congregattoun, nor thair Minijirie ( to thame that pleife to
ufs the fam ) nor na uther of the faid Congregatiotin in thair Bodies, Landis,
Guidis,or Poffeffiotoiis, Penfwunis, or quhat finnevir uther Kynd of Gudis they pofefsy
nor yit thoill the Clergie, or ony uther haveand temporall or fpiritueil JurifdifHota/j
to truble thame, in ony Maner of forte, privelie or opinlte, for the Caus cf Religi.
oun, or ony uther Aclioiin depending thairupotin, to the faid tent Day rf Januar
•within 'xrittin, and that everie Man in particular leive in the mein Tyiiie according
to his aixin Confcience.
Item. That na Man of JFeir Frenche nor Scottis helayd in daylie Garrefotmisy
within the Toun of Edinburghe, hot repair tkairto, to do thair lefum Buftnes^ and
thairefter to retire thame to thair Garifounis.
This Alteratioun in Wordis and Ordour was maid without Knawlege and
Confent of th(MS,quhois Counlaii we had ufed in all fuche Caifes befoir ; for fi.m
of thame perceaving w^e began to faint, and that we wald apoint with unequall
Conditiounis, (aid, God hes i>:onderfullie affftit us in our gritteft Langeris: He
les firickinFeir in the Hair ft s of our Enemies, quhen they fuppofed thamefelfis mofl
Q q affurei
1^4 T^^^^ Htftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. II.
ajTured of Vifforie: Our Cafe is not yit fo defperate, that we mid to grant to
^hingts unreffotuihill and iingodlie j qiihilk if we do^ it is to be feirity that Thingis
fail not fo projperouflie fucceidy as they have done heirtofcir.
Quhen all Thingis wer comonit and agreit upoun be myd Perfonis, the
Duke and the Erie of Hnntelie, quho that Day wer againft us, de(yrit to
fpeik the Erles Jrgyll and Glenmirney the Lord James, and utheris oi our Par-
tie, quho obeying thair Requeift, met thame at the ^larrell Hoillis betwix
Leyth and Ldinhurghe, quho in Conclufioun promeift to our Lordis, " That if
" the Quein brak to us any ane Jote of the Appointment then maid, that
" they Ibuld declair thamefelvis plain Enemies to hir, and Freindis to us. "
Alfmuche promeifit the Duke to do, in cais that (che wald not remove hir
Frenche Men at ane reflbnabill Day j for the Oppreflioun quhilk they did was
manifeft to all Men. This Apointment maid,andfubfcryvit by theDuke, Mon-
fieur d'Ofelly and the Erie of Huntelie, the sjth Day of Julii, we returnit to
the Toun of Edinhurghe, quhair we remainit till the nixt Day at None ; quhen
efter Sermone, Denner, and Proclamatioun maid at the Mercat Groce, in
Forme as followis, we departit.
The Forme of the Proclamatioun.
fOR alfmuche as it hath pkifit God, that Apsintment is maid hetwix the ^aeiit
Regent and us the Lordis and haill Proteftantis of this Realme, we have
thochtgud to fignifie untoyow the cheif Heidi s of the fam, qiihilke be thefe.
Firrt 'J'hat no Member of the Congregatioun fall be tritbled in Life, Landsy
Guds or Poffeftounis he the ^ein, or be hir Authoritie, nor be ony uther Juftice
within this Realmey for ony Thing done in this laite Lmovatiomiy till that a Par-
liament hath defydit Things that be in Contraverfie. 5ji.
Secoundlie, TT'^f Idolatrie fall not be ereSled, quhair it is now at this Day fup-
peffed.
Thirdlie, That the Preicheours and Miriifteris fall not he troubled in the Mini-
ftratiouHy quhatr they ar alreadie eftablifched, neyther yit flopped to preide quhair-
foevir they fall happin to travell within this Reahne.
Fortlie, That na Bands of Men of IVeir fall he laid in Garifonis within fhe
Toun of Edinburghe. '.^'»v•^)
" Thefe cheif Heidis of Apointment,concernIng the Libertie ot Religlouo,
" and Confervatioun of our Brethrein, we thocht gude to notifie unto yow,by
*' this our Proclamatioun,that in cais Wrang or Injurie be done, be ony of the
« contrair Faftioun, to ony Member of our Bodie, Complaint may be maid
" to us, to quhome we promeis, as we will anfwer to God, our faythfuU Sup-
« porte to the uttermoft of our Powers. "
At this Proclamatioun maid with Sound of Trumpet, war oflfendit all the
i*apiftis : For firfly They allegit, it was done in Contempt of the Authoritie.
Secundliey That we had proclamed mair than was conteined in the Apointment.
And lafty That we, in our Proclamatioun, had maid no Mentioun of ony
Thing promeifit unto thame. To fijche Murmuirs we anfwerif, That no juft
Authoritie culd think it felf contemned, becaus that the Treuthe was by us
maid manifeft unto all, quho utherwayis micht have pretendit Ignorance. Se-
cundliey That we had proclamed nothing, quhilk was not finallie afjgreit upoun
in Word and Promeifes betwix us and thois with quhome the Apointment was
maid
\
Lib. II. of Rcligioimm Scotland. 155
maid, quhatfoevir thair Scrybis had cftcr wiittin, quho in verie deid had al-
tered, bothe in Wordis and Sentences, our Artickles as they war firft conceaved.
And yit gif thair awin Wryttingis war diligcntlie examined the felf fame
Thing fall be found in Subftance. And M, To prcclamc ony Thing in thair
Favours, wc thocht it nor neceflarie, knawing, that in that behalf they thame-
(elfis wald be diligent yneuche. And in this we wer not deceaved ; for with-
in fyftein Dayis efter, thair was not a Schaveling in Scotland^ to quhom Teynd
or ony uther Rent perteined, bot he had that Artickle of the Apointment be
Hairt, 'That the Ktrkmen Joidd he aiip-jiered of Teyiidis^ Rentif^ and all uther Devo-
teis^ and that no Man foiild truhle nor niolelt thame.
We departit from Edinhurghe, the 26th of J/dif, came firft to Linlythgo-jv
and efter to Strhi/mg, quhair efter Confultatioun, the Band of Defence, and
Mentenance of Religioun, and for mutuell Defence everie ane of uther was
fubfcryvit of all that war thair prefent.
The Tenour of the Band was this.
JJ/E forfe'tng the Craft and Slycht of our Adverfaries^ tending all Maner of
'' IVayes to circumvene its^ and he privie Meanis intendis to afjaill every ane
of ui parti cularlle^ be fair Hechtis and Promeifes^ tharethrow to feparate ane of us
from ane uther ^ to our utter Ruin andDifiru'Iioun : For Remedy tbareof 'xe faytb-
fully and treulie binde us, in the Prefens of God, and as ime tender the Mantenance
of trew Religioun, That nane of us fall in Tymes aiming pas to the ^teinis Grace
Douager, to talk or comoun "with hir for ony Letter or Meffage feat by hir unto
us, or yit to be fent -without Confent of the reft, and comoun Confultatioun thare-
apoun. And hffw fone that ether Meffage or Writ fill cum fa hir to us, with
utter Diligence -we fall notifie the fam ane unto ane uther, fae that nothing fall pro.
ceid herrin -without comoun Confent of us all. At Stirling the firft Day of An-
This Band fubfcryvit, and we forfcing that the Quein and Bifchopis ment
nothing but Deceat, thocht gude to fcik Ayde and Support of all ChrifHane
'Princes againft hir and hir Tyrrany, in cais we fould be mair fcharplie per-
fewed ; and becaus thzt Ingland was of the fame Religioun, and lay nixt unto
us, it was juged expedient firft to prove thame, quhilk we did by ane or twa
^eflengeris, as hareafter in the awin Place more amplie (all be declared.
Efter we had abiddin certane Dayes in Stirling, the Erie of Argyll departed tp
'Glafcovj ; and becaus he was to depart to his awin Cuntrey, (with quhome
alfb paft Lord James') to pacific (um Trubill quhilk be the Craft of the Quein
was rayfit in his Abfens, he requyred the Erie of Glencairne, Lord Boyd,
Xord Uchiltrie, and utheris of Kyll, to meit tharc for fum Ordour to be takin,
that the Brethrein lould not be opprefTit, whiche with ane Confent they did,
and appointed the Tenth of September for the nixt Conventioun at Stirling.
Quhilles thefe Thingis war in doing at Glafgo-w, Litteris and ane Servant
cam fra the Erie of Arrane to the Duke his Father, fignifeing unto him, that
by the Providence of God, he had efchaiped the Frenche Kingis Handis, quho
moft treffonablie and moft cruellie had focht his Lyif, or at leift to have comir-
ted him to perpetuell Priflbun : For the fame Tyme the faid FrencheKin^, fe-
ing he culd not have the Erie himfclf, gart put his younger Brother (a Baime
Q q 2 of
1^6 The Hi/lorie of the Re/ormatioim Lib. II,
of fuche Age as culd not offendj in ftrair Preffon, quhair he yk remanes, to
mt in the Moneth of O^oher^ the Yeir of God i;;9; quhilk Thingis war
done by the Craft and Policie of the Quein Dowager, quhat Tynie the Duke
and his Freyndis war moft frack to fet fordward hir Caus. Thefe Letteris re-
ceaved and the Eftait of his two Sones knawin, of quhome the ane was
efchaiped, and' the uther cafl: in vyle PreflToun, the Duke def)'red comuning with
the Erie of Argyll^ quho, partlie againft the Will of lum that luifit him, raid
to the Duke from Gl.ifgow to Haumiltoim, quhair abyding all Nichf, he declair-
ed his Tugement to the Duke, and to his Freyndis, efpeciallie to Mr. Qiwaiie
Haiimdtoun. The Duke requyred him and the Lord James to wryte thair
freyndlie and comfortable Letters to his Sone, quhilk they both moft wil-
linglie did, and efter addreffit thame to thair Jorney ; but the veray Day of
thair depirting cam ane Butonecoiirt from the Quein Regent, with Letters, as
was alleged, from the King and Quein of France to Lord James^ quhilk he
delivered with a bragging Cuntenance, and mony threatning "Wordis. The
Tenour of his Letters was this.
Le ROY.
MY Coiifingi I have bene gritlie aflonifcled^ having under jiude the TriiUes that
ar happenned in thefe Partis ; and yit do mor mervell, that ye of quhome I
had an holle Confidence^ and alfo hes this Honour to be fa neir the ^leinis Grace
my Wyif and had receaved of umquhille the Kingis Grace my Father, hir Grace
and me fuche Graces and Favours, that ye fould be fo forgetful! as to mak your
felf the Heid, and one of the principall Beginnaris and Nurifcharis of the 'Tu-
multis and Seditiounis that are fein thare, the quhilk becaus it is fo firange as it
is and fyne againft theProfeffioun that ye at allTymes have maid, I cannot gudly
leleve it. And it be fo, I cannot think, bot ye have bein intyfed and led thairto,
le ftm Perfonis that have feduced, and caufit yow commit fick ane Fault, as I am
a/Jiiirit ye repent of alreddie, quhilk will be a grit Plefour to me, to the Effe5t that I
micht lois ane Parte of the Occafioun I have to be mifcontent with yow, as I ■■will
yow to under ft and I am, feing ye have fa far deceaved the Efperance I had of yow^
and your AffeLJioun towardis God, and the Weill of our Service, unto the quhilk ye
kna-w ye ar alfmekill and mair obleift, than ony uther of the- Lordis thair. for
this Cans defyrand, that the Matteris may be duetifulUe amended, and kna-wattd
•what ye may t hair until I ; I thocht gude one this Maner to wryte unto yow, and pray
yow to tak Heid to returne to the gude Way, from quhilk ye have declynit, and caus
me knaw the fam by Effects, that ye have ane uther Intentioun then this quhilk the
Foleis bypaft makis me now to beleive ; doing all that evir ye can, to reduce all Thingis
to thair fir ft Eftait, and put the fam to the rycht and gude Obedience, that ye kna-w to be
dew unto God and unto me. Utherwayis ye may be weill affurit, I will put to my Hand^
and that in gude erneft, that yow and all they that hes done, and dois as ye do^
fall feill throw thair awin Fait, that quhilk they have defervit and merited, e'
vin as I have gevin Whairge to this Gentilman, prefent Beirer, to mak yow knaw
mair larglie of my Parte: For quhilk Caus^ I pray yow credite him as ye wald
do myfelf. Prayand God, my Coufingy to have yow in his holie and worthie Protec-
tioun.
Writtin at Parifche, the 17th Julii 1//9.
The
Lib II. of R J g'oun tfi Scotland. 157
The fam Meflinger brrcht aI(o Letters frcm the Qi cin our Soveranc, more
fthairpc ard threatning it en the former; for hir Conclufioun Was, Vcus en
fenteias hi fomliure a J. mais.
This Crcdite was, that th( Kirp wald fpend the Croun of France, or that
he wcr not tcvengit upoun (Ick l(ditioi;s Perlbnis ; that he wald nevir have
fulpedit fuch liK.bcdience and (iich Deftftioun trcm his awin Siltcr in him. To
the quhilk the faid Lord James anfwerif, firft by, "Word and (yn by Writing,
as tollowes.
SIR,
TLMY Dewtie remeynhed. four Majefties Letter^ from Paris the lytk 0/ Julii
*^* la/i, I rejjiived, proporthig in EJje^, Ihat your Majeftie fould mervell thai /
heing forget jdl of the Graces and Favours fchawin me, be the King, of blijfit Me-
morie, your Majefties Father, and the ^iicinis Grace my Soverane, fould declare
myfelf Ueid, and ane of the principal! Begtneres of the allegit Tiimultis and Seditiounis
in thir Partis, deceasing tharehy your Majifttes Expeclatioun at all Tymes had of me^
ixitb Afjurame, that if I did not declare ly contiarie Effeclis my Repentance, /,
•with the Rett that had put, or yit puttis Eana to that IVark, fould reffave
the Reixaird that we had deferred and merited. Sir, it gredvis me heavelie
that the Cryme of Ingratitude fculd he laid to my Chairge he your Heines, and
the rather that 7 perceave the fam to have froceided of finijter Informatioun of
thame, quhois Parte it was not fo to have reported, if trerx Service hygane had
lein regairded. And as tuitching the Repentance, and Declaratioun of the fam he
certane EffeHis, that your Majeftie dejyris I fcha'x, my Confcience perfwadis me
in thir Proceidings to have done nothing againji God, nor the dewtiefull Obedience
towardis your Heines, and the ^einis Grace my Soverane, utherwayis it (ould
have hein to repent, and alfo amended according to your Majefties Ej<piffati-
cuH of me : But your Hienes being trewlie informed, and perfjuaded that the
^hing quhilk we have dene makis for the Advancement of Godis Ghris {as it
dois indeed) without any Derogatioun to your Majefties deu Obedience, -o/e doubt
not hit your Majeftie fall be Weill contented with otir Proceidings, quhilk being ground'
ed upoun the Comandment of the Eternall God, we dar not leif the fam unaccom-
flilcht, onlie wifching and defyring your Majeftie did knaw the fam, and Truthe
thareof, as it is perfwadit to our Confciences, and all thame that ar treixle infirU'
Hed in the Eternall Word of our God, upoun quhome we cali our Cair for all
Dangeris that tray frllow the Acccmplifchement of his Eternall Will, and to quhome
Vie commend ycur Hienes, befeikand him to ilhiminat your Hairt with the Evangellof
his Eternall Truthe, to knaw your Majefties Dewtie towards us your poor Sub-
je^is, Godis chcfm Pepell, and quhat ye aucht to crave jufilie cf thame agane ;
for then we fould have no Occafwun to feir your Majefties Wrathe and Indigna~
tioun, nor your Hienes Sufpic ioun m cur Inobedience. The fame God have your Ma-
jeftie in his Eternall Saifgaird. yf/ Dumbartane the 12th of Auguft 1//9.
This Anfwer direfted to the Quein our Soveranc, and to Francis hir Hus-
band, the Quein Dowager receavit it, and was bauld upoun it, as.fche micht
Weill yneuche, fcr it was fuppoifir, That the former Letteris war forgit heir
at Home in Scotlar.d. The Anlwer red be hir,fche faid, " That Co proud ane
*' Anfwer was revir gevin to Rirf, Prince, or Princefs." And yit indifferent
3Men thocht that he micht have anfwered mair fthairplie, and not have tranC
grefiit Modeftie nor Treuth. For quhair they burding him with the grit
R r Bene
_ ■ — — ..11. I—.. I ■ --
158 \rhe Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. II.
Benefites quhilk of thame he had receaved, gif in plain Wordis he had pur-
<^it himfelf, affirming, That the gritteft Benefite that evir he receavit of
thame, was to (pend in thare Service, that quhilk God by uthers had provi-
dit for him ; no honeft Man wald have accufit him, and no Man wald have
bein abill to have convif^it him of a Lie ; Bot Princes miifi he pardoned to Jpe'ik
quhat they phis.
For the Comforte of the Brethrein, and Continowance of the Kirk in E-
dinhurgh, was left thare^our deir Brother Johne IVilIock, quho, for his faythfull
Labours and bauld Courage in that Battell, deierved immortall Prays. For
quhen it was found dangerous that Johne Kmx, quho befoir was elefted Mi-
nif^er to that Cliurche, fbuld continow thare, the Brethrein requeiflit the faid
jfohne PVillock to remane with thame, leifl that, for Laik of Miniftaris, Idola-
irie fould be erefted upe agane. To the quhilk he fb gladlie confentit, that
it micht evidentUe appeir, that he preferred the Comfort of his Brethrein, and
the Continuance of the Church thare, to his awin Lyfe. One Parte of the
Frenchemen war appointit to ly in Garifbun at Leytb, (that was the firft Bene-
fite they gat for thare Confederacie with thame) the uther Parte war apointit
to ly in the Can'oHgait^ the Quein and hir Trane abydding in the Abbay. Our
Brother Johne Willock^ the Day efter our Departure, preiched in Sanft Gilles
Kirk and ferventlie exhortit the Brethrein to fland conflant in the Treuthe
quhilk they had profeffed. At this, and film uther Sermones, was the Duck
and divers uthers of the Queins Factioun. This Libertie ofPreicheing, with
refbrcins of all Pepill thareto,did heichlie offend the Quein and the uther Papi-
ftis. And firft they began to give Terrours to the Duck, affirming, That
he wald be reput as one of the Congregatioun, gif he gave his Prefens at the
Sermonis, Thairefter they began to requir that Mes fould be fet up agane in
Sanft Gyle's Kirk, and that the Fepill fould be fet at Libertie to chuis quhat
Religioun they waldj for that ffaid thay) was conteined in the Apointment,
that the Toun 6{ Edinburgh fould chuis quhat Religioun they lift ; for obtein-
ing heirofj war fend to the Tolbuythe the Duke, the Erie of Hmtelie^ and
the Lord Seytoimy to foleft all Men to condifcend to the Quenis Mynd ;
quharein the two laft did labour that they could, the Duk not fo, bot as a
Behalder, of quhome the Brethrein had gude Efperance, and efrer many Per-
fwafiounis and Threatningis maid be the faids Erie and Lord, the Brethrein
ftoutlie and valiantlie, in the Lord Jefus, gainfaid thare maift injuft Petiti-
ounes, refToning, that as of Confcience they micht not fuffer Idolatrie to be
erefted, quhare Chrift Jefus was trewlie preichit, fo culd not the Quein nor
they require ony fick Thing, unles fche and thay wald plainlie violat thare
Fayth and cheif Artickles of the Apointment; for it is plainlie apoihted,
That na Member of the Congregatioun fall be molefted in ony Thing that
(the Day of the ApointmentJ he peaceablie pofTeffit; bot fo it was that we
the Brethrein and Proteftantis of the Toun oi' Edinburgh, with our Minifteris,
the Day of the Apointment, did peciablie poffefs St. Gylles Kirk, apointit for
us for Preicheing of Chriftis trew Evangell, and richt Adminiftratioun of his
holie Sacramentis; thairfoir, without manifeft Violatioun of the Apoint-
ment, ye cannot remove us tharefrae, quhill a Parliament have decydit this
Contraverfie. This Anfwer gevin, the haill Brethrein departed and left the
foirfaid Erie and Lord Seytom^ thenProveift of Edinburgh, Rill in the Tolbuythe,
quho perceaving that they could not prevaill in that Matter, began to in-
treate that they wald be quiet, and that thay wald fo far condifcend to the
Quenie
Lib. II. of Kcligiotm in Scotland. 15^
Quenis Plefour, as that thty wald chufe thame ane uther Kyrk within the
Toun, or at the leiil be contented that Mes (buld be (aid eythcr bcfoir or ef-
ter thare Sermones. To rhe quhilk Anfwer was gevin, that to gif Place to
the Devill, quha was the cheif Invenrar of the Mes, tor the Plcfiire of ony
Creature, they culd not. They war in PoflefTioun of that Kyrk, quhilk they
culd not abandone, neyther culd they fuffer Idolatrie to be ereiJ^ed in the
(am, unles by Violence they ((Uild be conftrayned fo to do. And than they
war detcrminid to feik the nix Rcmedie. Quhilk Anfwer receavcd, the
Erie o( Hunt die did lovinglie inrreit thame to Quictnes, faythfullie promeifing,
That in no Sort they fould be moleiied, fa that they wald be quiet, and mak
no farther Uproare. To tlie quhilk they war mofl willing, for they fbcht
onelie to ferve God, as he had comandif, and to keip thair PofTefrioun, ac-
cording to the Apoinrm;:nt : Quhilk be God's Grace they did, till the Moneth
o^ November, notwithfianding the grit boafting of the Enemie. For they
did not onelie convein to the Preiching, daylie Supplicatiouns and Admini-
ftratioun of Baptifme, bot alio the Lordis Tabill was minifterif, evin in the
Eyis of the verie Enemie, to the grit Comforte of mony afilifted Conlciences:
And as God did porenrlie worke with his trew Minifter, and with his trou-
bled Kirk, fo did nocht the Devill ceis to inflame the Malice of the Quein,
and of the Papiltis with hir. For fchort cfrer hii- cuming to the Abbay of
Halyrudboiu, fche caufed Mes to be laid firlt in hir awin Chapell, and efter
in the Abbay, quhare the Alters befoir war caf^in down. Sche dilchairgit the
Comoun Prayeris, and forbad to gif ony Porrioun to fuche as war the prin-
cipall young Men quho red thame. Hir Malice extendit in lyk maner to
Cambuskeimethe, for thare (che dilcharged the Portiouns of als mony of the
Chanonis as had forfakin Papiftrie : Sche gave Comand and Inhibitioun, that
the Abbote of Lin.^orefs fould not be anfwerit of ony Part of his leving in the
Norche, becaus he had fubmitted himfelf to the Congregatioun, and had put
fum Reformarioun to his Place. By hir Confent and Procurement was the
Preiching StooU brokin in the Kyrk of Leytb, and Idolatrie was erected in the
fam, quhare if was befoir fuppreffed Hir Frencbe Captanes, with thair Suldi-
ours in grit Cumpanies, in Tyme of Preicheing and Prayers refbrtit to Sanft
Gylles Kirk in Edinburgh, and made thair comoun Deambulatours tharein, with
(iiche loud talking, as no perfyte Audience culd be had. And althocht the
Miniller was oftentymis thairthrovv compelled to cry out one thame, praying
God to rid thame of fick Locuftis, they nevirthelefs continewit ftill in thair
wickit Purpois devyfit and ordeynit be the Quein, to have drawin our Bre-
threin of Edinktrgh, and thame in Cummer, fua that fche micht had ony co-
loured Occafioun to have brokin the League with thame. Yit beGod's Grace
they behavif thamefelfis (a, that fche culd find no Fault with thame, albeit in
all thefe Thingis befoir named, and in everie ane of thame, fche is worthelie
counted to have contravenit the faid Apointment, We pas over the opprefTing
of our Brethrein in particular, quhilk had bein flifficient to have provin the
Apointment to have bcin violated plainlie. For the Lord Seytoun, without
ony Occafioun offered unto him, brak a Chafe upoun ylkxander ^uhytlaw, as
they came from Preftonn, accompanied with fVilliam Knox, toward is Edin-
hirgh, and ceifTit nor to perfew him, till he came to the Toun of Ormiftoim.
And this he did, fuppofing that the faid Alexander ^(hytlai/j had bein 'jolme
Knox. In all this mein Tyme, and quhill that ma Frenchetnen arryved, they
ar not abill to prove that we brak the Apointment in ane Joit, except
R r a that
E
160 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. II.
that a hornit Cap was takin of a proude Preiftis Heid, and cut in four Peices,
becaus he faid, He wald weir it in defpyte ot the Congregatioun. In this
mein Tyme, the Quein than Regent, knawing aflliredUe quhat Force was
(chortlie to cum unto hir, ceaflit not, be all Meanis pofTibill, to cloke the In-
coming of the Frenchemen^ and to inflam the Hairris of our Cuntreymen a-
gainft us. And for that Purpois fche wrote firft unto my Lord Duck, in Form
as followis.
The Quein Regentis fals flattering Letter to the Duck.
My Lord and Conftng^
''Fter ha'irtie Comendaticuny We ar tnform'it that the Lords of the Weftland
Congregatioun intends to mak a Conventioun and dljemhlie of tha'tr Kin and
Freindis upoun Gowane Mure, befyde Glafgow, one Mononday cum aucht Day'tSy
the 1 ^th Auguft inftant, for fum hie Purpois againfi us, quhilk we can piairflie
ieleve, confiddering they have no Occafwun upoun our Fart Ja to do. And albeit
ye knaw that the Apointment was maid againfi, or without our Advyfs, yit we aceep-
tit the fam at your Defyre, and hes feinfyn maid na Cans, quhairhy they micht be
moved to cum in the contrair thairof. Lyk as we ar myndit yit to keip firme and
ftabill all Thingis promifed by yow in our Behalf. We think one the uther Parte,it is
your Dewtie to requir thame,that thay contravein not thair Parte thairof in na Cais.
And in cais they mein any Evil tawardis us, and fa will hrek thair Promeis, We
heleve that ye will, to the uttermo/i of your Power convein with us, and compell
thame to do that 'Jhing quhilk thay aucht, gif thay will not; praying yow to have
your felf, your Kin and Freindis in Redines to cum to us, as ye fall be adverteifit
he Proclamatioun, in cais the Congregatioun aljemhle thamefelfis for ony Purpois a-
gain/t us, or againfi the lenour of the faid Apointment : Affurand yow, without
they gather, and mak firft Occafioun, we fall not put yow to ony Painis in that
Behalf. And that yow will adverteis us in Writ, quhat we may lippin to heirin
•with this Beirar, quha will fchaw yow the fervent Mynd we heir to have Concorde
with the faid Congregatioun, quhat Offeris we have maid to thame, and how defyre
ous we ar to draw thame to the Obedience of our Soveranis Authoritie, to quhome
ye fall gif Credite : Aitd God keip yow. At Edinburgh the tent Day of Augufi
^559-
The lyk Letter fche wrait to everie Lord, Barrone and Gentilman, of this
Tennour.
Hir Letter to the Barronis.
Truftie Freindis,
£Fter hairtie Comendatioun, we dout not hot ye have hard of the Apointment
maidbefyd Leyth, betwix my Lord Duke,the Erie o/Huntelie, and Monfieur
d' 0(ell, one the ane Parte, and the Lords of the Congregatioun, one the uther SytJy
quhilk Apointment we have approvit in all Pointis, albeit it was taiktn without our
Advyfs, and is myndit to obferve and keip all the Contentis thairof, for our Parte.
Not the les, as we ar informed, the faidis Lordis of the Congregatioun intendis
fchortlie to convein all fuche Perfonis als will affifi to thame, for interpryfing of fuche
heiche Purpois againfi us, our Authoritie and lemour of the (aid Apointment y quhlk
1/ie
Lib. II. of Rcligioiin in Scotland. i^i
Vie cannot hleve^ feing they nether hwjc^ nor Jail have ouy Occafioun gevin tbuiito
one our Farte, and yit thmkis not relfonahill^ in cats they think any fick Thing : Anci
thairfoir have tbocbt it glide to give fVairning unto our fpeciall Friendis of the Ad-
vert eifment -we have gotten^ and amongeft the reft toyo-vu, quhom we efteim of that
Nimiter. fraying yow to have yoiirfeifis^ your Kin and Folkis in Rediues to cum tour.
And lo furthe, as in the uther Letter above lent to the Duke, Word elter
Word.
Efter that, by thefe Letter! s, and by the deceatfuli Surmyfing of hir So-
liftaris, (che had fumquhat rtyirit up the Hairtis of the Pepill againft us, then
Iche began opinlie to complaine, that we wer of Mynd to invaid hir Perfbne
that we wald keip na Parte of the Apointment : And thairfoir fche was com-
pellit to crave the Afllltance of all Men againft our unjuft Perfliirc. And
this Prafteis (che ufit (as befoir is (aidj to abufe the SimpHcity of the Pc-
pill, that they (uld not fuddanelie efpie for quhat Purpois fche brocht in hir
new Bandis of Men of Weir, quho did arrjve about the Middcft of Aimift
to the Number of a thouland Men- the reft war apointit to cum efrer with
Monfieur de la Broche, and with the Bifchope of Aniians, quho arryved the
nyntein of September following, as if they had bcin Ambafladouris. Bot
quhat was thair Negotiatioun the EtTeft did declair, and thay thamefeliis culd
not lang conceiH j tor bothe be Pen and Toung they uttered, that they war
fent for the utter Exterminatioun of all thes that wald not profes the Papifti-
call Religioun in all Points. The Queinis Prafteis nor Craft could not blind
the Eyis of all Men, neyther yit could hir Subtilirie hyde hir awin Schame bot:
that mony did efpy hir Deceate ; and fum fpairit not to fpeik thair Jugements
liberallie, quho forfeing the Danger, gave Adverteifment, requiring that
Provifioun micht be found, befoir that the Evill fould exceid our Wildome
and Strenthe to put Remedie to the fam ^ for prudent Men foirfaw, that fche
pretendit a plain Conquefs : Bot to the End, that the Pepill Tould not fud-
dantlie fturre, fche wald not bring in hir full Force at ones ( as befoir is faid )
bot by continuall Traffique purpoifit to agment hir Armie, fb that in the End
we fould not be abill to reflfi Bot the gritteft Parte of the Nobilitie and
mony of the Pepill, war fo inchanted by hir trefibnabill Scjliftaris, that they
culd not heir, nor credite the Treuthe plainlie ^okin. The Frenche then efter
the arrj'ving of thir new Men, began to brage ■ then began they to divyde
the Landis and Lordfchipis according to thair awin Fantafies j for one was
ftyllit Monfieur d' Argyll^ ane uther Monfieur le Pryoiir, the thrid Monfieur
deRutbven ; yea, they war afTurit in thair awin Opinioun, to pofTefs quhatfbe-
vir they lift- fb that fum afkit the Rentallis and Reveneus of divers Menis
Landis, to the End that they micht chuis the beft. And yit in this mein
Tyme, fche efchamit not to fet furthe a Proclamatioun on this Forme.
A Proclamatiom fet furthe by the ^tein Regent^ to Hinde the vulgar Pepill.
FOR fa mekill as we underftand, that certane feditious Perfbnis hes of
Malice invented, and blawin abrode divers Rumours, and evill Bruites
tending thairby to Ikir up the Hairtis of the Pepill, and fa to ftoppe aJJ Re!
conciliatiounis berwix us and our Subjectis, being of the Number of the Con-
gregatioun, and ccnfequenthe to kendill and nurifche a continewall Stryfe and
Devifioun in this Realme, to the manifeft Subverfioun of the haillEfiaits thair-
S f of
62 The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IL
of- And among uther Purposes, hes maliciouflie devy fit for that Effect, and hes
perdiaidit too many, that we have violated the Apointment laitlie tane, in (b far
as ony ma Frenche Men ar fince cumed in, and that we are myndit to draw in
srit Forces of Men of Weir furthe of France^ to flipprefche the Libertie of this
Realme, oprefs the Inhabitantis thairof, and mak up Srrangearis, with thair
Landis and Gudis ; quhilk Reportis (God knawis) ar maift vane, feinyeit and
untrew : For it is of Treuthe, that nathing hes bein done one our Parte, fen
the (aid Apointment, quhairby it may be allegit, that ony Point thairof hes bein
contravenit, nether yit war at that Tyme any Thing comouned or con-
cluded, to flope the fending in of Frenche Men ; as may cleirly appeir by In-
fpe6lioun of the faid Apointment, quhilk the Beirar heirof hes prefent to
fchaw. Quhatevir Number of Men of Weir be arryved, we have fick Re-
gaird to our Honour, and Quietnes of this Realme, that in cais, in the Roura
of everie ane Frenche Man that is in Scotland, thare war ane hundreth at our
Comand, yit fbuld not for that anie Jote of quhat is promeifit be brokin, or
ony Alteratioun be maid be our Provocatioun ; bot the faid Apointment treu-
lie and furelie obferved in everie Point, if the faid Congregatioun will in
lykmaner faythfullie keip thair Pairte thareof Nor yit meine we to trubill
ony Man in the peciable PoflefTioun of thair Gudis and Roumis, nor yit to in-
riche the Croun, and far les ony Stranger, with your Sublknces ; for our
deareft Son and Dauchter, the King and Quein, ar by God's Provifioun placed
in the Roura, quhair all Men of Jugement may weill confider, they have na
Neid of ony Manis Gudis ; and for ourfelf^ we feik nothing bot detfull Obe-
dearefl unto tharae, fick as gude Subje6tis aucht to give to tliair Soveranes,
without Diminutioun of our Liberties, and Privilegis, or Alteratioun of our
Laws. Thairfor we have thocht gude, to notifie unto yow our gude Mynd
foirfaid, and defyre yow not to gif Eir nor Credite to fuche vane Imagina-
tiouns, quhairof ( befbir God ) no Parte evir entrit in our Conceate, nor fu£
fer not yourfelfis to be thairby led from your dew Obedience, alTuring yow ye
(all evir find with us Treuthe in Fromeis,and a motherlie Love towardis all yow,
behaveand yourfelfis as obedient Subjeciis. Bot of ane Thing we gif yow
Wairning, that quhairas fum Preicheours of the Congregatioun, in their pu*
blick Sermones, fpeickis irreverentlie and (clanderouflie, alfweill of Princes ira
general, as of ourfelfis in particular, and of the Obedience to the hier Poweris,
induceing the Pepill, be that Parte of the Do6trine, to Defeftioun from thair
Dewtie, quhilk perteinis nothing to Religioun, bot rather to Seditioun and
Tumult, Thingis direft contrair to Religioun : Thairfbir we defyre yow to
tak Ordour in your Tounis and Boundis, that quhen the Preicheours repaires
thare, they ufe thamefelfis mair modefllie in thay behalfis, and in thair Preich-
ing not to mell fb mekill with civill Policie, and publick Government, nor
yit name us, nor uther Princes, bot with Honour and Reverence, utherwayis
it will not be fufferit. And feing ye have prefently the Declaratioun of our
Inteniioun, we defyre lyikwayis to knaw quhat fall be your Parte to us, that
we may underf^and quhat to lippin for at your Handis ; quhairof we defyre
an plane Declaratioun in Writ, with this Beirer, without Excuis or Delayi
At Edinhurghej the 28th of Auguft I J/p.
This Froclamatioun fche fent by hir MeflTngeris, throuche all the Countrey^.
and had hir Soliftaris in all Partis, quha painfully travel/it to bring Men to hir
Opiniounj amongis quhomethofe war the Principal/is, Sir Jobne Ballandein.
Juflice
Lib. II. of Re giuMn m ^cotldind. i6^
Jiillice Clerk, Mr. Jiwies Balfom Official! of Lauibiane^ Mr. Ihtnas and Mr
ft tliiume Scottis Sonis to the Laird of Bal-werie^ Sir Roheit Carnegie^ and Mr.
Gwwitue JHaimiilioiiH, qulio for fainting of the Brethreinis Hairts, and drawing
thanic to the Queiiiis Faftiotn, r^ainis thair native G untrcy, have declared
thamelelfis rnim.s to God, and Trarours to thair Ccmoiin wealth. Bof above
all uthcris Mr. Janiej Balfour, Cfficiall for the Tyme, aucht to be abhorrit •
for he of ane auld ProfLfloiir is btci.m ane new Denyer of Thrift Jefijs and
nianifcft Blalphemer of his eterneli Veritic, againft his Knawiege iw.d Con-
fc ence, feikinp; ro betray his Brethrcin and native Ctntrey, into the Hands of
ane unfaythfull Natioun.
The Anfwer to this former Frodamatioiin, tvas maid in Fofme as fol.
lowis.
To the NohilU'te, Burgh, aud Communaltk of this Realme of Scotland, the Lordis.
Baronis, and iitheris, Brethrein of the Chriftuwe Congregat'iouti, wifche Imres
of all fVifdome, with the Advancement of the Glorie of God^ and of the 6»-
moim-'welthe.
TH E Love of our native Cuntrey cravethe, the Defence of your Ho-
nours requyres, and the Sinceritie of our Confciences compellethe us
(deireft Brethrein^ to anfwer (um Parte to the lafl "Writingis and Proclama-
tiounis Cet furthe be the Queinis Graces Regent, no les to mak us and our
Caus odious, than to abufe your Simpliciteis to your finall Difbuftioun, con-
fpyred of auld, and now alreddie put to Warlc. And firft, quhair Iche allegis
that certane (editious Perfbnis have, of Malice invented and blawin abroad di-*
vers Rumours, tending thareby (as fche allegisj to ftir up the Hartes of the
Pcpell to Seditioun, be Reflbun that the Frenchemeu ar creipt in of lair ij our
Cuntrey. Trew it is, (deir BrethreinJ that all fuche as beare naturall Love
to thair Cuntrey, to you thair Brethrein Inhabitants thareof^ to our Houefles,
Wyiffis, Bairncs, the Efperance ot your Pofteritie, and fchortlie to your Co-
mon-we!the, and the ancient Lawes and Liberteis thareof, cannot bot in Hairt
lamtiit, and with Mourhe and Tears complain, the mort crafty AfTaultis de-
vyflit and praftefTit, to the utter Ruine of all thofe Thingis foirnamed ; and
that (a manifeltlie is gane to Wark, that evin in our Eyis, our deirefl Bre»
threin, trew Memberis of our Ccmoun-welthe, are moft cruellie opprelTit by
Strangers, in fa far as fum are banifched thair awin Houfes, fum robbed and
(jxiilled of thair Subftances conqueift be thair juft Labours, in the Sweit of
thair Browis; furn cruellie murthered at the Pleflbur of thefe inhumane Soldi-
ours, and altogether have their Lyves in fick Feir and Dredour, as if the Ene-
mies war in the middes of thame ; fo that nothing can fcim plefand unto
Jhame, quhilk they polTefs in the Bowels of thair native Countrey ; lb neef
juges everie Man (and not but juft Caus^ the Prafteis ufed upoun thair Bre-
threin to approche nixt unto thairfelfis, Wyffis, Bairnes, Houfes and Subftan-
ces, quhilk altogether are caftin at the Feir of Strangears, Men of Weir, to
be by thame thus abufed at thair unbrydillcd Luftis Defyre. Now if it be Se-
ditioun (deir Brethrein) to complain, lament, and pcur furthe lefoirGcd the
Sorowis and Sobis of our dolorus Hairts, crying to him for Redres of thair
Inormities, Cquhilk ells quhair is not to be found, and thay altogether do
proceid of the unlawkill Holding of ftranee Souldiours ever the Heids of ouf
Brethrein:)' gifthus to- complain be Seditioun, then indeed (d^ir Brethrein J
S f a can
1^4 The Hijlorie of the KefcrmntioHn __Lib II,
can nane of us be purged of that Cryme ; for as in verie Hairt we condenme
fick inhumane Crueltie, with the wickir and crafty Pretence thareof, To tan
we nor dar we not, nether be Mouthe fpeiking, nor yit be keiping of Sy.
lence, juftifie the fam : Nether do we heir aggrege the breking of the Apoint-
ment maid at Leyth^ (quhilk alwayes hes maniftlthe bein donej but quhen
we remember quhat Aythe we have maid to our Comoun-wekhe, and how
the Dewtie we aucht to the fam compelles us to cry out, that hir Grace, by
wicked and ungodhe Counfaill, goethe moft craftehe abouc utterhe to flip-
pres the fam, and the ancient Lawes and Liberteis thareof, aliweill aganft the
Ring of France's Promeis, or hir awin Dewtie, in Refpeft of the hiche Pro-
motiounis that fche hes reflaved thareby, quhilk Jufhce ftuid have caufjt hir
to have bein indeed that quhilk fche wald be called, (and is nothing les in
Veritie) to 'uuh, ane cairfull Mottier over this Comoun-welthe. But quhat
motherlie Care fche hes ufed towards you, ye cannot be ignorant. Have ye
not bein, evin from the firfl Entrie of hir Rigne, evir fuitted and opprefled
with unaccuftomed and exorbitant Taxatiounis, more than ever war ufed witlv
in this Realme } Yea, and how far was it fbucht heir to have bcin brocht in
upoun you and your Pofterity, under Cullour to have bene layd up in Stoir
for the Weirs. The Inquifitioun tane of all your Gudes, movabill and un-
mnvabill, be Way of Teftament ; the feiking of the liaill Coill and Salt of this
Realme, to have bene layd up m Stoir and Girnell, and fche allone to have
bene Merchand thareof, dothe teche you by Experience fum of hir mo-
therlie Care. Agane, quhat Care over your Comoun-welthe doethe hir Grace
inftantly bear, qulien evin now prefentlie, and of a lang Tyme bygane, by
the Minif^ry of fum, (quho better deferved the Gallows than ever did Cochran)
Iche doeth fb corrupte the layit Mony, and hes brocht it to fuche Bafenes,
and to fick Quantitie of Scrufe, that all Men that hes ihair Eyis oppin may
perfave ane extreame Beggarie to be brocht tharethrow upoun the wholle Re-
alme : Sa that the haill Exchange and Traffique to be had with foreyne Na-
tiouns, (a Thing moft neceflarie in all Comoun welthesj fall thareby be ut-
terlie extinguifched, and all the Gaynes receaved thareby is, that fche tharewith
interteines Strangears upoun our Heidis: For, Brethrein, ye knaw, that hir Mo.
ny has ferved for no uther Purpofe in our Comoun-welthe this lang Tyme by-
gane, and the Impunitie of the wicked Minifters, (quhome laitly we fpak ot)
hes brocht the Matter to fick ane licentious Inormitie, and plane Contempte of
the Comoun welthe, that now they fpair not planelie to brek down and convert
gud and tiark Mony,cunyit in our Cunyehoufe, in our Soveranes les Aige, into this
thair corrupted Scruef and Baggages of Hard heidis and Non-founts, mofl lyke
as if fche and they had confpyred to deflroy all the haill gude Cunye of this Re-
alme, and confequently that Parte of the Comoun-welthe. Befydis all this, thair
clipped and ronged Sollis, quhilk had na PafTagis thir thre Years bygane in the ,
Realme of France, ar comanded to have Cours in this Realme, to gratifie
thareby hir new comed in Souldiours : And all thofe Thingis ar done without
the Advyfs or Confent of the Nobilitie and Counfaill of this Realme, and
manifefl:lie tharethrow againes our ancient Lawis and Liberteis.
T'hridliey Hir laft and moft wechtie Proceiding more fullie declares hir mo-
therlie Care hir Grace beares to our Comoun-welthe and us, quhen in Tyme of
Peace, bot ony Occafioun of forane Weirs, thoufands of Strangears ar layd
heir and thare upoun the Neckis of our puir Memberis of this Comoun- welth ;
thair idell Belleis fed upoun the puir Subftance of the Comunaltie, conqueift
be
IB.
II. of Religioun m Scothnd. 1^5
be the iult Labours in their panefull Swell of thair Brows, quhilk to be trcvv
Dioihry Northbermck, Tranent, hejioimpai/is, Muffllburgb, Leytb, Caiwongate,
Ktmborne, Ktrkcaldte, Dyfert, with the depauperat Saullis that this Day dwell
tharcin can teftifie, quhofe OpprefTioun, as doutles it hes entered in befoir the
Turtice-feit of God, fa aucht it juftlie to move our »Hartis to have Pitty
andC'inpafiioun upoun thefe our puir Brethrein, and at our Poweris to pro-
vyde Remedie for the fam. And albeit hir Strangears had bene garnifched
with Mony, (as ye knaw weill they ar not; yit can thair heir lying be no
waves but 'moft hurtfull to our Comoun-welthe, feing that the Fertilitie of
this Realmc hes nevir bene fa plentious, that it was abill of ony Contincw-
ance to fuftein the felf, and the Inhabitantis thareof, without Support of fb.
rane Cuntreys ; far les abill, befydis the fam, to fuftein Thoufands of Stran-
geares quhairwith it is burdened, to the derthning of all Viftuillis, as the
Murmur and Complaint of Edtnburghe this Day dothe teftifie. Bot to what
Effeft the Comoun-welthe is this Way burdened the End doethe declair j for
fchortly efter war there brocht to the Feild againft our Soveranes trew Lie-
gis, evin us your Brethrein, quho (God knawis) focht nocht ellis but Peace
of 'con(cience under Proteftioun of our Soverane, and for Reformatioun of
thefe Inormiteis, for no uther Caus bor that we wald not renunce the Evan-
cell of Jefus Chrift, and fubdew our Neckis under the Tyrranny of that Mau
of Sin, the Roman Antichrift, and his foirfworne Schavelingis, quho at all
Tymes moft tyrranoudie opprelTit our Saullis with Hunger of Gods trew
Worde, and rett our Gudes and Subftances, to waift the fam upoun thair foull
Lufts and ftinking Harlotts. Bot (O deir Brethrein j this was not the chief Pre-
tence and finall Scope of hir Proceidings, as thefe Dayis do weill declare ;
for had not God gevin in our Hairts to withftand that OpprefTioun with Wea-
pouns of moft juft Defence, you, O Sanft Jobneftoun and Diwdiey had bene in
no better Eftait, nor your Sifter of Leyth is this Day. For thocht in verie
deid (God is WitnesJ we meaned then nothing bot in the Symplicitie of our
Hairts the Mentenance of trew Religioun, and Saifty of our Brethrein Pro-
feflburs of the fam ; yit lay thare ane uther Serpent lurking in the Breift of our
Adver(areis,as this Day f prays toGodJ is plainlie opened to all that lift,to behold,
to wit ^ to bring you and us bothe under the perpetual Servitude of Strangears j
for we being apointed, as ye knaw, twiching Religioun to be reftbuned with in
the Counfaill at the Day apointed, and no Occafioun made to brek the fame one
our Syd, (as is weill knawn) yit come thare furthe Wryttings and Com-
plaentis, that this Day and that Day we war prepared to invaid hir Graces
Perfone ; (quhen in verie Treuthe thare war nevir fick Thing thocht, as the
verie Deid did declare) but becaus fche was befoir deliberat to bring in
Frenchemen to bothe our Diftruftiounis, that ye fuld not ftur tharewith, fche
maid you to underftand, that thay Bandis come onlie for Saiftie of hir awin
Perfone. O Craft! (Brethrein J OSubtelitie! Bot behald the End! They are
cum, fyit not fo mony, no, not the fixt Parte that fche defyred and luiked
forj and how are they cum? Not onlie with Weapouns to defend hir Graces
Perfoun, but with Wyfis and Bairnes to plant in your native Tounes, as they
liave alreddy begone in the Toun of Leytb, the principall Porte and Stapill of
all this Realme, the Gernell and Furniture of the Councel and Seate of Juftice:
Andheir will they dwell till they may reinforce thame with gritter Number of
their Fallow-fouldiours, to fubdew then the reft, gif God withftand not ; and yit
hir Grace feared nor efchamed not to wrytte, that if thare war ane hundreth
T c frenebf-
l66 The Hi!} or ie of the Re for mat ioun Lib» II.'
Frencbemen for every ane that is in Scotland^ yit they fould harme no Man.
Tell thou now, O Leyth\ if that be trew j gif this be not a craftie Entrie to a
maniteft Conqueift foir-thocht of auld, juge ye, dear Brethrein ; thus to forte our
Tounes, and evin the principall Parte of our Realme, and to lay fb ftrang
Garifouns of Strangears tharein, without ony Consent of the Nobility andCuun-
fiill of this Realme, bot expreflie aganft thair Mynd, fas ourWryttings fent to
hir Grace bears Record) gif this be not to opofe the ancient Lawis and Li-
berteis ot our Realme, lat all wys Men fay to it. And fijrther. To tak the
Barneyairdes new gathered, the Gimells replenished, the Houles garnifched,
and to fit down tharein, and be Force to put the juft PofTeflburs and ancient
Inhabitants tharefrae, with thair Wyfis, Children, and Servandis, to ichift for
thameielfis, in begging, gif they have no uther Meanis, they being trew Scot-
tijchemeii^ Memberis of our Comoun-welrhe, and our dear Brethrein and Si-
fteris, borne, foftered, and brocht up in the Bowellis of our native Cuntrey:
Gif this be not the manifefl Declaratioun of thair auld Pretence and Mynd to our
hail I Scottis Natioun,lat your awin Confciences (Brethrein) be Juge heirin. Was
all Leytb of the Congregatioun? No, I think not ; yit war all alyk (erved.
Let this niotherlie Cair then be tryed be the Fruits thareof: Firft, Be the grit
and exorbitant Taxatiouns u(ed upoun you, and yit ten Tymes griter preafled
at, as ye knaw. Secundl'ie^ The utter Depravatioun of our Cunye, to conqueis
thareby Mony to intertein (trange Frenche Souldiours upoun you, and to mak
thame ftronge Haldis, leift ye fould fumtymes expell thame out of your na*
tive Realme. Thirdlie^ Be the daylie reinforceing of the faid Frenche Souldi-
ours in Strengthe and Number, with Wyfis and Bairnes, planting in your
Brethrelns Houfes and PofTefTiouns, Indeid hir Grace is, and has bene at all
Tymes cairfuU to procure by hir Craft of fair Wordis, fair Promefes, and flim
Tyme Buddis, to allure your Simplicitie to that Paint, to joyne yourfelfis with
hir Souldiours, to dantone and oppres us, that you the remanent (we being cut
off) may be an eafie Pray to hir Slichtis, quhilk God, oi his infinite Gudenes,
hes now difcovered to the Eyes of all that lift to behald. But credite the
Warkis (dear Brethrein) gif ye will not credite us, and lay the Example of
fbrane Natiounis, yea, evin of your awin Brethrein befbir your Eyis, and
procure not your awin Ruyne willinglie: If ye tender trew Religioun, ye fie
how hir Grace beireth hir plaine Enemie thareto, and manteinis the Tyrra-
ny of thofe idill Bellies, the Bifchopis, aganflGodis Kirk. Gif Religioun be
not perfwaded unto you, yit caft not away the Cair ye aucht to have ovct the
Comoun welthe, quhilk ye fie manifelllie and violentlie ruyned befbir your Eyis.
Git this will nor move you, remember your dear Wyfis, Children, and Po-
fteritie, your ancient Heritages and Houfes, and think weill thefe Strangears
will regard na mair your Richt thareto, more than they have done your Bre-
threin of Leyth^ quhenevir Occafioun fall ferve. But if ye purpofe (as we
dout not bot that all thofe that eyther have Wit or Manheid will declair and
prove indeid) to bruick your ancient Roumes and Heritages, conquered moti
valiantlie, and defended by your moft nobill Progenitors aganft all Strangears,
Invaiders of the fam, as the Frenches pretendeth this Day planelie, gif yp
will not be Slaives unto thame, and have your Lyves, youri Wyfis, your
Bairnes, your Subftance, and quhatfbevir is dear unto you, caftin at thair
Feit, to be ufit and abufit at the Plefour of ftrange Souldiours, as you fie
your Brethrein at this Day befoir your Eyis: Gif you waid not have Experi»
ence fum Day heirof in your awn Ferfbnis, (as we fiippone the leift of you all
i wald
L I B. II. of Kdigioun in Scotland. i ^7
wald not gladlie have, bot rather vvald chu(e with Honour to di e in Defence
of his awin native Roum, than leve and lerve fb fchamcfull a Servitude)
then, Brethrein, let us joyne our Forces, and borhe with Wit and Manheid
refirt tho(e Bcginings, or els our Liberteis hareafter fall be dearer bocht. Lat
us further be perfu'aded, quhen our Nychbours Hous be one Fyrc, that we
dwell not without Danger. Let no Man withdraw himfelf harefra • and if
ony will be fi unhappy and mifchevous, (as we fuppone nane to be^ iat us
altogether reput, hald, and ufe him fas he is indede) for ane Enemie unto usj
to himfelfi and to his Comoun-weill. The Eternall and Omnipotent God, tke^'
irew and onlie Revengear of the Opprejfed, be our Comfort and Prote^our aganjl^
the Rage and furie of the Tyrrantis of this IVarUj and efpeciallie from the unfa.-
tiahill Covetoufnes of the GuyCiSinis Generati&un. Amen.
Befydes this our public^ Letter, (um Men anivv'ered certane Heidis of hir
(aid Proclamatioun on this Maner.
Gif it be Seditioun to fpeik the Treuth in all Sobrietie, and to complairj
quhen they ar wounded, or to call for Helpe againft injuft Tirranie befoir
that thare Throattis be cut, then can we not deny, bot we ar criminall and
giltie of Tumult and Seditioun. For we have (aid, That our comoun Welth
is opprefled, that we and our Brethrein ar hurt by the Tirranie of Strangeris,
and that we feir Bondage and Slaverie, feing that Multitudes of cruell Mur-
theraris ar daylie brocht in our Cuntrey without our Counfaill, or Knawlege
and Confent. We difpute not fb raekill quhider the bringing in of ma Frenche-
men be violating of the Apointment (quhilk the Quein nor hir Faftioun can-
not deny to be manifefllie brokin be thame in ma Caifes then one) as that
we wald knaw, gif that the keiping of Strangers upoun Strangers, above us,
without our Conient or Counfaill, be a Thing that may ftand with the Liber-
tie of our Realme, and with the Frofeit of our comoun Welthe. It is not
unknawin to all Men of Jugement, that the Fruitis of our Cuntrey, in the moft-
comoun Yeirs, be no more then fufficient refTonabill to nurifche the borne In-'
habitantis within the fame. But now feing that we have bein vexed with
Weirs, taikin upoun us, at the Flefbur of France, by the quhilk the moft
fruitfixll Portioun of our Cuntrey in Cornis hes bein waif^ed ; Quhat Man id
fb blinde, bot that he may fie, that fuche Bandis of ungodlie and idill Soul-
diors can be nothing ellis bot ane Occafioun to fameifh Our puir Brethrein.
And in this Point we refuis not (quhilk is the cheif J the Jugement of all-
naturall Scottifmen.
The Quein Regent allegit, That althocht thare war ane hundreth Frenche-
wen for one in Scotland, yit fche is not myndit to trubill any in his jufl Pof^
feffioun. Quhairunto we anfwer, That we difpute not quhat fche intends
(quhilk not the les by probabill Conjeftures is to be fufpeftit) bot alwayia
we afBrme, that fick a Multitude of Frenchemen is a Burding, not onelie un-
profitable, bot alio intolerabill to this puir Realme, efpecially being intreatit
as they ar by hir and Monfieur d'Ofell : For gif thare Waiges be payit out of
France^ than ar they bothe (the Quein Regent, we faj', and Monfieur dVfell)
Tiaytors to the King and Counfaill ; for the puir Comounis of this Realme
have fuf^eaned thame with the Sweit of thare Ejowis, fince the Contraftioun
of the Peice, and (iimquhat befoir.
T t 'i Quhal
68 The Hillorie of the Reformatkun Lib. II.
Quhat motherlie Affeftioun (che hes dedaired to this Realme, and to the
Inhabitantis ot the {am, hir Warkis have evidentlie declaired, even fen the
firft Hour that (che hes borne Authoritie ; And albeit Men this Day will not
fie quhat Danger hingis over thare Heidis, yit feir we that or it be lang, Ex-
perience fall teiche dim, that we feir not without Caus. The cruell Murther
and OpprefTioun ufed be thame quhom now fche fofterit, is to us a fiifficient
Argument, quhat. is to be luiked for, quhen hir Number is (6 multiplied
that our Force (all not be abill to ganeftand thare Tyranie.
Quhair fche complainis of our Preicheours, affirming, That unreverentlT^
they fpeik of Princes in general), and of hir in particular, inducing the Pepill
thairby to Defeftioun from thair Dewrie, &c. and thairfoir that fuche Thing
cannot be fuffered. Becaus this Accufatioun is layd againft God's trew Mini-
fteris, we cannot bot Witnes quhat Trede and Ordour of Djftrin they have'
keipt, and yit keip in that Point.
In publi(ft Prayeris they comend to God all Prenc'n in generally and the Ma-
gj/irates of this our native Realme in particular. In oppin Audience they de-
clair the Authoritie of Prencis and Magiftrutes to be of God, and thairfoir they
affirm that thay aucht to be honoured, feired, and obeyed, evin for Confcience Saik j
provyding thcit thdy comand or requir nothing expreflie repugning to Godis Comand-
ntent and plain Will reveilled in his holie Word. Moreover they affirme, 'ihat
if wicked Perfonis, abuifing the Authoritie eftablifched be God, comand Thingis ma-
nifeftUe ixicked, that fuche as may and do bry dill the fe inordinate Appetytis of Prin-
ces, cannot he accuifit as Refifters of the Authoritie, quhilk is God's gude Ordi-
nance, To brydill the Furie and Rage of Princes in frie Kingdomes and RealmeSy
they affirme it aperteinethe to the Nobilitie, borne and fworne Counfaillours of the
fam, and alfo to the Barronis and Pepill, quhois Votes and Confentis ar to be rcr
quired in all grit and wechtie Matteris of the Comoun Welthe ; quhilk gif they do
Kot, they declair thamefelfis criminall with thair Prencis, and fo fubjeH to the
fam Vengeance of God, quhilk they deferve, for that they pollute the Sait of Juftice,
and do, as it war, mak God the Author of Iniquitie. They prodame and cry,
That the fam God quho plagued Pharao, repalfit Sennacherib, liraik Herode witb
Wormis, and maid the Bellies of Dogis the Graves and Sipultures of defpytfull Je-
labeil, will not fpair the cruell Princes, murtherers of Chrift Jefus Memberis in
this our Tyme. On this maner they fpak of Princes in generall, and of your Grace
in particular. This onelie we have hard one of our Preicheours fay, Rebuik-
ing the vain Excuis of fick as flatter thamefelfis be reffoun of the Authoritie ; Monie
now adays (faid he) will have na uther Religioun nor Fayth, nor the ^ein and
Authoritie haldis : Bot is it not poffihle that the ^uein be fo far blindit, that fche
will have no uther Religioun^ nor no uther Fayth, than may content the Cardinall of
Loraine ? And may it not lyikwayis be abill that the Cardinall be fo corrupt^
that he will admit no Religioun quhilk dois not eliablifche the Pape in his Kingdome ?
Bot plain it is. That the Paip is Lieutenent of Sathan, and Enemie to Chrift Jefus,
and to his perfyt Religioun. Lat Men thairfoir confidder what Danger they
ft and in,gif thair Salvatioun fall depend upoun the ^einis Fayth andReligioun. Far-
der, we nevir hard ony of our Preicheours fpeik of the ^ein Regent, nether pub-
liMie nor privatlie. ^ihair hir Grace declaired, it will not be fuffered that our
Preicheours mell with Pollicie, nor fpeik of hir, nor of uther Princes, bot with Reve~
rence:. We anfwer, That as:, we will jufttfie and defend nothing in our Preiche-
ours^ quhilk wf find not God to have juftified and allowed in his Mefftngeris befoir
" thame j
Lib. II. of Kdigioim ///Scotland. 169
tbame ; fa dar -xe ml forbid tlame opnilie to reprehend that qtthdk the Spirit of
God^ ffetking in the I*rofe':>is and Jpoliles, hes reproved hefoir tf.\tme. Helias did
perfovalUe reprove Ahab aud Jcfabell of Liolatrie, of Avarice^ of Marther and
ficldyk : Efais the Prrpheit callit the Magiftrates of Jerufalcm, /;/ his Tyme
Cnwpaniounis to Thrjis, Princes 0/ Sodom, Bryhakers, and Murtkeraris- he com-
plainit that thair Silver -was turnit unto Dros^ that thair IVyne zcas mingled with
fVater, and that Juftice was bocht and (auld. Jercmias faid. That the Bones of
King Jehoiakim jould widder with the Sone. Chrift Jefus callit Herode a Fox and
Paull callit the hie Preiti ane painted JVall, aud prayed unto God that he fould
firaik him, hecaus againft Juftice he caufit him to le fmittin. Now if the lyk or
gritter Corruptiouuis be in the fVarld this Day, quha dar interpryis to put Sylence
to the Spirit of God, quhilk mil not be fubjeil to the Appelytis of "juicked Pi in'-
ces.
We have befoir (aid, that the tent Day of September was apointit for a Con-
ventioun to be haldin at Stirling, to the quhilk repairit the maift Parte of the
Lordis of the Congregatioun, At that (am Tyme arryvit the Erie of Aran
quho,efter that he had faluted his Father,came, with the Erie of Argyll and Lord
James, to Stirling to the (aid Conventioun, in the quhilk divers godlie Men
complainit upoun the Tyrranie ufit againd thair Brethrein, and cfpecillie that
ma FrencheMen war brocht in, to oppres thair Cuntrey. Eftcr the Con(uI-
tatioun of certane Dayis, the principall Lordis, with my Lord of Arane
and the Erie of Argyll, pafl to Haumiltoun, for Confulcatioun to be taikin with
my Lord Duikis Grace. And in this mein Tyme came the fuir Word that
the Frenche Men wer begun to fortifie Leyth, quhilk Thing, as it did more
evidentlie didover the Queinis Craft, (b did it deiplie greve Hairts of the haill
Nobilitie thair, quha with an Confent aggreed to wryt to the Quein in Forme
as foUowis,
At //atf;«/7/o«K the 1 9th Day of September 1//9.
'fleis your GracCy
11/^ ar crediblie informed, that your Armie of Frenche Men fould inftantlie be-
'^f gin to plant in Leyth, to fortifie the fam, of Mynd to expell the ancient In.
hahitantis thatrof, our Brethrein of the Congregatwun, quhairof we mervell
not a htle, that your Grace fould fa manifeftlie hrek the Apointment maid at
Lyeth, ^w/ ony Provocatioim maid be us and our Brethrein : And feing the fam is
done without ony Miner of Confent of the Nobilitie and Counfaill of this Realme
ue efteim the fam not onelie Opreffwun of our puir Brethrein, Inuwellers of ihe
faid Toun, bot alfo lerie prejudicial to the Comoun-welthe, and plain contrarie to our
ancient Lawis and Liberties : Heirfoir defyris your Grace, to caus the famyn Work
iaterpryfit, tobe ftayit; and not to attemp fo rafchelie and mampeftlie againis your
Grace's Prcmeis, againis the Cemoun-walthe, the ancient Lawis and Liberties thair-
of ( quhilk Thingis befyid the Clone of God ar moft deir and tender unto us and
onlie our Pretence ) utherwayis, affuiring your Grace we wrll complain to the* haill
Nobilitie and Comonaltte of this Realme, and maift erneftlie feik for Redres thairof.
And thus recomending our humbill Service unto your Hienefs, your Anfwer maift
erneftlie we defy re, quhom we comit to the eternell Proteilioun of God. At Hau-
miltoun, Lay andYeir foirfaid^ be your Grace's humbill and obedient Servitors &c
U " This
j-jQ The Hi/iorie of the Refcrmatioun Lib IL
This Letter was (ubfcryvit with the Hands of my Lord Duke, the Erles of
Arrane Arg'fU^ Glenca'trne and Menteithe, by the Lordis Ruthveii^ Uchlltrie^ Boyd,
and by divers utheris Barronis and Gentilmen. To rhis Requeift fche wald not
anfwer by Writ, bot, with a Letter of Credite, fche fent Sir Robert Carnegie,
and Mr. Dav'tA Borthwick, two, quhome aniongis monie utheris, fche abufit,
and by quhome fche corruptit the Hairts of the fempill ; they travell t w irh the
Duk to bring him agane to the Queinis Faftioun. La Broche and the Bifchope
of Amians war (chortlie befoir arryved, and, as it was bruitted, war direciit
as Ambafladours, bot thay keipt clois thair haill ComiflTioun : They onlie
maid larg Promes to thame that wald be thairis, and leive the Congregatioun.
The Quein did greavouflie complain, that we had Intelligence with Ingland.
The Conclufioun of thair ComifTioun was to follft my Lord Duik, to put all
in the Queinis Will, and than wald fche be gracious ynouche. It was an-
fwerit, Th.it no honeft Men durfi comitt thamefelfis to the Mercie of fuche Cut.
throatlis, as fche had about hir, quhome grf Jche wald remove, and joyne to hir
a Counfiill of natural! Scottis Men, permitting the Rehgioun to have frie Pajfage^
than fould vane in Scotland be mair ■willing tojerve hir Grace, then fuld the Lordis
and Brethrein of the Congregatioun he.
At the fam Tyme, the Duikis Grace and the Lordis wrote to my Lord
Erfkin Captain of the Caftell of Edinburghe, in Forme as foUowis.
A Letter to the Lord Erfkine.
-J
My Lord and Coufwg,
£Fter our hairtie Comendattoun, this prefent is to adverteis yow, that we at
credibillie informed, the Army of Frenche Men con/iantlie in this Realme,
lot ony Advys of the Counfaill or Nobilitie, ar fortifeand, or elje fchortUe intends to
fortifie the loan of Leyth, and expell the ancient Inhabitants thairof; quhaitby
they proclame to all that will oppin their Earis to heir, or Eyis to fie, quhat is thair
Pretence : And feing the Faythfulnes of our Anticefjours, and fpeciallie of your Fa-
ther, cf honorabill Memorie,was farecommendit and experimented to the Eiiaitis and
Counfaill of this Realme, throuch Affe^wun they perceaved in him towardis tj^e
Comom-wehhe thairof, that they doiitit not to gif m his Keiping the Key ( as f
war) of the Counfaill, the Juftice, and Pollicie of this Realme, the Cafteliis of
Edinburghe and Stirling ; we cannot hot heleve ye will rather augment the honora-
hill Favour of your Hous, be fteidfaft Favour and Lautie to your Comoun-welthe,
then throuch the fitbtill Perjuafioun of fum ( quhilk cairis not quhat efter fall cum
of yow and your Hous, at the prefent wald abuis yow, to the Performance of thair
wickit Interpryis and Pretends againis our Comoun welt he ) utteilie dejiroy the
fam: And heirfoir, feing we have writ tin to the ^einis Grace, to defift fra that
Interpryis, utherwayis that we will complain, to the Nobilitie and Comounalitie of
the Realme, and feik Redres thairof; we lyikwayis befeik yow, as our tender
Freind Brother, and a Member of the fam Comoun-welthe with us, that ye one tui
Wayis mell nor affent to that ungodlie Interpryis againis the Comoun-welthe; and lyk-
way is, that ye wald fave your Bodie, and the Jewellis of this Contrey, comitt it to
yow and your Prediceffours, Lautie and Ftdelitie towardis your native Cuntrey,
and Comoun-welthe, if ye think to be reput heir efter ane ef the fame, and wald
rather he Brother to us nor to Strangers j For we gather be the EffeSl'is the Se-
V cre'its
L I B. II. of Religioim in Scotland. I 7 1
creits of Menis Hairts, uthtrwayis niifcearckcahll unto us. Thu vie wryte not
that we ar in dout of yo-'ju, hot rather to wartte yow of the Danger^ in cats ye
thoill jourfelf to he imkantit -with fair Promeifes and craft le Counfuilleris. For lat
m Man fatter him f elf; we defyre all may knatu^ that thocht ye war our Father
{fen God hes opimt our Eyis to fie his JVill ) behe*Enemie to the Comoun welthe
quhilk m-jo is a(Jailyeit, and -jie with it, and all trew Memberis thairof^ he fall be
krta'Join ( and as he is indeid ) Enemie to us, to our Lyves, cur Houfes, Babis
Heritages, and qnhatforStr is containit --mhin the fam. For as the Schip perifch-
ing, quhat can be fatf that is within it ? So the Comoimwelth hein^ belravit
quhat particular Member can live in ^fietnes ? And thair/oir, in fo far as the
faidis Caliellis ar comittittoyourCredite,we defyre yow tojchaw your Faythjulnes
and Stoutnes, as ye tender us, and quhatfoevir aperteinis to us ; and feing we ar
afurit, ye will be afl'ailyeit bothe with Craft and Force • as now be warning we help
yam againis the fir ft, fo againft the lafi ye fall not mis, in allpofibill Haiji, to have
our Afjiftance ; onely fchaw yourfelf the Man. Save your Ferfone by fVifdome
firemhen yourfelf againis Force, and the Almychtie God affit yow in bothe the ane
and the uther, and oppin your Eyis, under ft andnig, to fie and perceave the Craft of
Sathan and his Suppoiftis. At Haumiltoun, //^e igtb of September i/jp.
Be your Brethrein, the Duke, &c.
The Duke and Lordis underftanding, that the Fortificatioun of Leythe pro-
ceidethe, apointit rhair haill Forces to convein at Stirling the ijth Day of
October, that from thence they micht merche fordward to Edinburghe, for Re-
dres of the grit Enormities, quhilk the Frenche Men did to the haill Cuntrey
quhilk be thame was opprefiit, that the Lyf of all honelt Men was bitter un-
to him.
In this mein Tyme, the Lordis direft thair Letters to divers Partis of the
Cuntrey, makand mentioun quhat Danger did hing over all Men, if tlie
Frenche Men fuld be futfered to plant in this Cuntrey at thair Flefour. They
maid Mentioun farder, how humillie they had focht the Quein Regent, that
{che wald fend away to France hir Frenche Men, quha war a Burding unpro-
fitable and greavous to thair Comoun-welthe : And how that fche notwith-
ftanding did dayly augment hir Number, bringing Wyfis and Bairnis, a Deck-
ratioun of a plain Conqueift, &c.
The Quein then Regent perceaving, that hir Craft began to be efpyed, by
all Meanis pofTibill travellit to blind the Pepill. And firft, fche fent fiirth hir
peftilent Poiflis foirnamed, in all Partes of the Countrey, to perfuaid all Men,
that fche offerit all Thingis reflbnabill to the Congregatioun • and that thay re-
fuifing all Refbun, pretendit no Religioun, bot a plain Revolt from the Au-
thority. She temptit everie Man in particular, allwerll thois that war of the
Conp'/egatioun, as thofe that war Newtrallis. Sche aflaultit everie Man, as fche
tholcht maifl eafelie he micht have bein overcum. To the Lord Ruthjen^
fche fent the Jufiice Clerk and his Wyif, quha was Dochter to the Wyt of
the faid Lord. Quhat was thair ComifTioun and Credit isna farder knawin,
tli"'n the faid Lord hes confefTit, quhilk is, that lairge Promeifes of Profeit
V .r oFi^rir, gif that he wald leive the Congregatioun, and be the Q'lein's.
T.-' Lord '^ames Prior of Sar\ft Androis was fent Mr. Johns Spent of Condie,
with a Letter and Credit, as foUowis.
♦'"'^ U u ^ The
172 TJoe Hi/I or ie of the Re/crmatioun Lib IP,
The Memoriall to Mr. Johne Spins of Condie^ the 30th Day oi September,-
rE full fay, That the feints Grace^s Favour ^ whiche is tomirdis you, movis hir
to this, &c. '
That fche 'well kmwis, that the Occafioun of your Depart ur frame hir was the
Favour of the JVord and of the Religioun, with the quhilk, albeit that fche was ojjend~
ed yit knawing your Hairt, and the Hairtf of the uther Lords firmlie fixed
thareupoun, fche will bear with you in that Behalf, and at your awin Sichts fche
will fet jordward that Caus at hir Power, as may Hand with Gods Word, the
comoun PolUde of this Realme, and the Princes Honour. Note, gude Reader,
quhat Venome lurked heir ; for plane it is, that the Pollicie quhilk fche pre-
tendethe, and the Princes Honour, will nevir fuffer Chrilt Jefus to rlgne in
this Realme.
'To fay, T'hat the Occafioun of the affemUing of thefe Men of Weir, and forti-
fying of Leyth, is. That it was gevin hir to iinderftand be fum about hir, that
it is not the Advancement of the Word and Religioun quhilk is focht at this
7yme hot rather a Pretence to overthrow, or alter the Anthorily 0'^ your Sifter, of
the quhilk fche heleves ftill that ye ar not participant; and confidering the Tender-
ties that is betwix you and your Sifter, fche truftis moir in you in that Behalf
than in ony leving. Bur befoir the Erie of Arrane arryved, and that the Duck
departed from hir Faclioun, fche ceafed not continuallie to cry, that the Pry-
our focht to mak himfelf King, and fa not only to depryve his Sifter to mak
himfelf King, hot alfo to defraud the Lordis Duckis Grace and his Houfe j
bot forfeing an Storme, fche begane to feik ane new Wynd.
Sche farder willed to offer the away fending of the Men of Weir, if the fot'
mer Sujpicioun culd be removed. Sche lamented the Trulle that appeired to f-olm
low if ^l^^ Mater fould lang ftand in Debait. Sche promeifit hir faythfull Labours
for Reconcil'atioun, and required the fam of him, requyring farther Fa^th, Fa-
vour, and Kyndnes towardis his Sifter, and to adverteis for his Parte quhat he
defyred, with Promeis, that he micht obtein quhat he pleifis to defire, &c.
To this Letter and Credite the faid Lord James anfwered as followes. uxs
Pleis yourGrace^ ';*
/Have receaved your Heines Wrytting, and have hard the Credite of the Bearer;
and finding the Befines of fuche Importance, that dangerous it war to give haftilie
Anfwer ; and alfo your Petttiounis ar fuche, that with my Honour I can not an-
fwer thame privatelie by myfelf, I have thocht gude to delay the fame till that t may
have the Jugement of the haill Counfaill: For this Poynt I will not conceill from
your Grace, that amongis us thare is is ane folempnyt Ayth, 1 hat nane of ut fall
traffiquewith your Grace fecretlie ; nether yit that any of us fall mak an A'fres for
hmfeif parftcularlie ; quhilk Oath, for my Parte, I purpois to keip inviolate J un-
to the Bid : But quhen the reft of the Nobillmen fall convene, I fall hi've nothing
that lyis in my Power undone, that may mak for the ^aetnef of this pme Re-
alme, provydm^ that the Glorie of Chrift Jefus he not hindered be our Concord.
And if your Grace fall be found fo trallahill, as now ye offer, / dout not to ob4
tein or the reft of my Brethrein fuche Favours towardis your Service as your Grace
[all have juft Occafioun to ftand content: For God I tak to recorde, that in this
A^ioun
IB II. of Rcl'igiounin Scotland. 173
Afitoim I have nethc foJ:t, nor yit Jeiks ony'Tthi^ els than Gods Glorre lo wcres^
and the Libertie of tbis pure Readme to be maiitened. Furder, I have fchimm to
your Meffviger quk.it Thwgts have miUyked me w your Proceidiiigs^ evin from fuch
a Hatrt as I ixaU •wifcbe to God you and all Men fuld knaijj. Aid this viith ban-
tie Comendatioun of Seriice to your Crace^ I hairtilie comit your Hemes to the E-
ternall Proteilioun of the Omnipotent. Ac Sanft Androis, the firft of October.
Sic (ubfcribitur,
Tour Graces moft humbill and obedient Serviture,
JAMES STEWART.
This Anfwer receaved, fche raged as Hypocrifie uferh quhen it is pricked ;
and perceaving that fche culd not work quhat fche wald at the Handis of Men
particularhe, fche fet furthe a Prcclamatioun univeriallie to be prodamed, in
the Tenour as followes.
FOrfamekill as it is underftude to the Queinis Grace, That the Duck of
Chatteilierault hes laitlie direftcd his Miflives in all Partes of this Re-
gime, making Mentioun, that rhe Frenchemen laitly arryved with thair Wyfis
and Bairnes, ar begune to plant in Leytb^ to the Ruyne of the Comoun-welth,
quhilk he and his Partaikers will not pas over with patient behalding, defyr-
ing to knaw quhat will be every Mans Parte ; and that the Fortificatioun of
Leytb is a Purpofe devyfit in France^ and that tharefor Monfieur de hi Brocbe^
and the Bifchope of Amianis ar cum into this Cuntrey ; ane Thing Co vane and
untrew, that the contrarie thareof is notour to all Men of fre Jugement : Thare-
for hir Grace willing, that the Occafioun quhareby hir Grace was moved Co
to do, be maid patent, and quhat hes bene hir Proceidings fen the Appoint-
ment laft maid in the Linkis befyd Leytb^ to the Effect that the Treuthe of all
Thingis may be maid manifeft, every Man may underftand how injuflly that
will be to (uppres the Libertie of this Realme, is layd to hir Charge, hesthochc
expedient to mak this Diicourfe following.
Firft.^ Althoucht efter the faid Apointment, divers of the faid Congregati-
oun, and that not of the meaneft Sort, had violentlie contravened the Points
thareof, and had maid fundrie Occafiouns of new Cummer, the famyn was in
a Parte winked at and over-luiked, in hope that they with Tyme wald re-
member thair Dewtie, and abftein fra fick evill Behaviours, quhilk Converfi-
oun hir Grace evir focht, rather than ony Punifchement, with fick Cair and
Solicitude be all Means, quhill in the mean Tyme nothing was provyded for
hir awin Securitie ; bot at laft be thair frequent Medages to and fra higland,
thair Intelligence was then perfaved : Yit hir Grace truftis the Quene of htg'
land (lat thame fiek as they pleis) will do the Office of a Chriftiane Princes in
Tyme of ane fworne Peace, throw quhilk Force was to hir Grace, feand Co
grit Deteftioun of grit Perfonages, to have Recourfe to the Law of Nature;
and lyk as ane fmall Bird being pefewed, will provyd fum Neft, Co hir Grace
culd do les in cais of Perfuit, than to provyd fum fure Retreate for hirfelf and
hir Cumpanie ; and to that Effeft chufit the Toun oC Leytb ^ as Place convenient
tharefor, becaus it was firft hir deareft Dochters Property, and no uther Per-
(bne culd claim Tytle or Entres thareto ; and alfo becaus ane Tyme befor it had
X X bene
174 ^'■^^■'^ Hi/lor ie of the Reformat iotm Lib. II.
r - -- ■ — - - — - - ■ ■ ■ ^
bene fortified. About the fam Tyme that we (eiking Support cf'ngland was maid
mnnifeft, arryved the Erie of Arrane^ and adjoyned himfelf to the Congregati-
oun upoun farder Promeis than the pretended Quarrell of Religioun, that was
to be (et up by thame in Authoritie, and ia to pervert the haill Obedience.
And as fum of the Congregatioun at that Tyme had put to thair Handis, and
takin the Caftell of Brockie, and put furthe the Reipars thareof: Immediatly
came from the (aid Duck to hir Grace, unluiked for, a Wrytting, befyde
mnny uther Thingis, complainand of the Fortificatioun of the ftids Toun of
Leyth in Hurt of the auld Inhabitants thareof, Brethrein to the faid Congrega-
tioun quhareof he then profeflit himfelf ane Member j and albeit that the
Beirer of the faid Wrytting was ane unmeit Meflinger, in ane Matter of fick
Consequence, yit hir Grace directed to him two Perfones of gude Credite and
Reputatioun with Anfwer, offerand, if he wald caus Amendes be maid for
that whiche was comiited aganft the Lawis of the Realme, to do farder than
culd be craved of RelToun, and to that Effefi to draw fum Conference, quhilk
for hke of him and his Collegis, tuck no End : Not the les they continewallie
fenfyne continews in thair Doingis, ufurping the Authoritie, comanding and
chairging fre Borrowis to chois Provefts, and Officiars of thair naming, and to
affift tha'me fn the Porpofe they wald be at ; and that they will not fuffer Pro-
vifioun to be brocht for Suftentatioun of hir Graces Hous. And grit Parte fa
planelie hes fet afyde all Reverence and Humanitie, quhareby evary Man may
knaw, that it is no Matter of Religioun, but ane plane ufurping of the Autho-
rities and na dout bot fimple Men, of gude Zeill in Tyme bygane, tharewith
fahelie hes bene delTaved ; bot as to theQueins Gravies Parte,God quha knaws
the Secrettis of all Hairts,weill kenis,and the Warld fall fie by Experience, that
the Fortificatioun of Leyrh was devyfTit for na uther Purpofe bot for Recoors to
hir Heines and hir Cumpanie, in cafe they war perfewed : Quharefbr, all gude
Suhje6tis,that have the Feir of God in thair Hairts,will not fufFer thamefelfis bfe
fick vane Perfwafiouns to be led away from thair dew Obedience, bor will afTifl
in Defence of thair Soveranes Quarrell, aganft all fick as will perfew the fam
wrangouflie: Tharefor hir Grace ordains the Officiars of Armes to pas to the
Mercat-croces of all Held Borrowes of this Realme, and thare be oppen Pro-
chmatioun, to comand and charge all and fundrie the Lieges thareof, that time
of thame tak upoun Hand to put thamefelfis in Armes, nor tak Parte with: tM^^
faid Duck or his AfTiftaris, under the Pain of Treflbun.
Thefe Letters being divulgate, the Hairts of mony war ftirred ; for they juged
the Narratioun of the Quein Regent to have bene trew ; uthefis underflude
the fame to be utterlie fals. Bur becaus the Lordis defyred all Men juge in
thair Caus, they fet out this Declaratioun fubfequent, &:.
The DECLARATIOUN of the Lordis again s the former ProclafnOtUufi^
WE ar compellit unwillinglie to anfwer the greavous Accufatiounis moft
unjuf^lie laid to our Chairgis by the Quein Regent and hJf perverfl
Counfaill,^ quha ceis not be all Craft and Malice to mak ts «xiius to tvt
deifefl Brethrein, naturall Scottifmen^ as that we preteridit na uther Thing
bot fhe Subverfioun aiid Overthraw of all juft Authoritie, qtfhen God knawis
that we thoicht nothing bot that fuche Authoritie, as God approved be his
Word, be eilablifched, hoiwurit and obeyii among u$, Trew it is that we ' --
have
Lib. II. of Re ligiotm m Scothnd. 175
have complainir (and continewallie mulft complain, nil God fend Redres)'
that our comoun Cunrrey is opprefTit with Strangcaris, that this inbrineinc of
Souldioursjwith thair Wyfis and Childrein,and planting of Men ot Weir in our
frie Tounis, appeircd to us a reddic Way toConqueiftj and we moft earne-
ftlie require all inJiffcrenr Perfonis to judge betwix us and the Quein Regent
in this Cais, to v.it^ quhiddcr our Complaint be juft or not ? For, for quhat
uther Purpois ibid Iche this multiplie Strangers upon us, bot onelie' in relpeft
ot Conqueift : Quhilk is a Thing not of lait devyfit by hir and hir avari-
tious Hous. We ar not ignorant, that fex Yeirs ago, the Queliioun was de-
mandit of a Man of honeft Rcputatioun, quhat Number ofMen was abill to
dantoun ScothvtJ, and bring it to the full Obedience of France? Sche alleeit
That to fay that the Fortificatioun of Leyth was a Purpois devyfit in France
and that for that Purpois was Monfieur de la Broch, and the Bifchope of yfl
nmins fent to this Cuntrey, is a Thing^ fo vain and untrew, that the contrarie
thairof is notour to all Men of frie Jugement. Bot evident it is, quhatfo-
evir fche aliedgis, That fince thair Arrjvall, Leythe was begun to' be forti.
feit. Sche allegis, That fche feing the Defeftioun of grit Perfona«-es was
compellit to have Recours to the Law of Nature, and, lyk ane fn^all' Bird
perfewed, to provyde for fum fuir Retreat to hirfelf and hir Cumpanie Bot
quhy dois fche not anfwer for what Purpois did fche bring in hir newBand^s
of Men of Weir? Was thair ony Defeaioun efpyit befoir thair Arryvall ? Was
not the Congregatioun under Apointment with hir ? Quhilk quhatfoevir fche
allegit, fche is not abill to prove that we had contraveinit in ony cheif Point
befoir that hir new Throit-cutteris arryvit, yea, befoir that they began to for!
tiiie Leytl;, a Plaice, faid fche, moft convenient for hir Purpois, as in verie
Deid it is, for the relTaving of Strangers at hir Plefour: For if fche had
fejred the Perfuit of hir Body, fche had the Inch, Ditnbar, Blahies, Fortis
and Strenthis alreddie made, yea but thefe culd not ferve hir Turne lb weiJi
as Letthe, becaus it was hir Dochters Propertie, and none uther culd have
Tytiil to It, and be cats it had bene fortyfied oft befoir. That all Men may
khaw the juf^ Tytiil hir Dochter and fche had to the Toun of Leyth we fall
in few Words declayre the Treuthe. It is not unknawin to the m'oft Part
of this Realme, that thare hes bene ane auld Hatrent and Contentioun be-
^^i^ru"*'"'^^ ^"^ ^'^'^' '■> ^'"^"'■<?^ continually feiking to polTes that Liberty
quhilk be Donatioun of ancient Rings they have lang injoyed i and Leyth
be the contrary afpyring to a Libertie and Fredome in Prejudice of Edwhurgb.
TheQuem Regent, a Woman that culd mak hir Profeit at ail Handis was
not Ignorant how to compas hir awin Matter, and tharefoir fecreitly fche
gave Adverteifment to fum of Leyth, that fche wald mak thair Toun frie,
git that Iche micht do it with ony Cullour of Juftice. By quhilk Prcmeis
the pnncipall Men ofthame did travell with the Laird of Reft air rg (a Mart
nether prudent nor fortunatej to quhom the Superiority of Leyth aperteinit.
that he fuld fell his ha.ll Tytiil and Rycht to our Soverane, for certane i
Sotim.s of Money, quhilk the Inhabitants of Leyth payit with a lairge Taxa/
tioun more to the Quein Regent, in hope to be maid frie in defpyte and
A^ixmAt of Ediiilurghe. Quhilk Rycht and Superiority, quhen fche had got-
tin, and quhen the Money was payed, the firft Fruittis of thare Liberty
they now eit with Bittemes, to wit, that Strangers fall pofTefs thair Toun
This is the juft Tytiil that hir Dochter and fche may clame to that Toun'
Ana quhare fche allegis that it was fortyfeit befoir, we alk, gif that was done
X * 2 with.
176^ Tloe Hi'lorieof the ReforwaticuiT' — ^fisi-IL
,^ ' — • — ' ' > ■■ , J '' ' •
without Conient of the Nobility and Eftaitis of the Realme, as now fche and
bir crafty Counfaill do in defpyit and hie Contempt of us the lav^^full Heirs
arid borne Counfaillers of this Realme. ,3 ,, ij^^,,
How far we have focht Supporte of Inglanct, or of ony uther Prince,) and
how juft Caus we had, and have lb to do, we fall fchortely mak manifeft
unto the Warld, to the Prays of God's holie Name, and to the Confufioun
of all thos that flander us tor fo doing : For this we feir not to confes,
that as in this our Interpryis againft the Devill, Idolatry, and the Mantein-
ance of the (amyn, we cheifly and onely feik God's Glorie to be notyfeit un-
to Men, Sine to be puniiched, and Vertew to be manteined : So quhare
Power faillethe of our felfis we will feik it, quharefoevir God (all oifer the"
fame, and yit in (0 doing, we ar afTured, nether to offend God, nether yit to
do ony Thing repugnand to our Dewties. We hairtly prays God quho movet
the Hiirt of the Erie of Arane to joyne himfelf with us his perfecuted Bre-
threin. Bot how malicious a Lie it is, that we have promeifed to fet him up
in Authority, the Ifchew fall declair. God we tak to Recorde, that no fuche
Thing hes to this Day entered in our Hairts, neyther yit he«, he the faidErle,
neyther ony to him aperteining moved to us ony fick Matter, quhilk, if
they fould do, yit ar we not fa Iclender of Jugement, that inconfidderatly
we wald promeis that, quhilk efter we micht repent ; we fpeik and wryte to
the Prayis of God's Glory, the leifl of us knawis better quhat Obedience is
dew unto a lawfuU Authority, then fche or hir Counfaill doethe prafteis the
Office of fuche as worthely may fit upoun the Sait of Juflice, for we offer
and we performe all Obedience quhilk God had comandit, for we neyther deny
Tolle, Tribute, Honour, nor Feir to hir and hir Officers; we onely brydill
hir blind Rage, in the quhilk fche wald ereft and mantein Idolatrie, and
wald murther our Brethrein quho refuis the fame. Bot fche doethe utterly
abuis the Authority eflablifched be God, fche prophanes the Throne of his
Majef^y in Earthe, making the Sait of Juftice, quhilk aught be the Sanftuary
and Refuge of all godly and verteus Perfbnis injuftly afflifted, to be a Den
and Receptacle to Thevis, Murthereris, Idolateris, Whormungers, Adulter-
eris, and of Blafphemeris of God, and all Godlines. This is more then evi-
dent quhat Men they ar, and lang have bene, quhome fche be hir Power
manteanis and defendis ; and alfb what hes bein our Converfatioun, fiuce it
hes pleifed God to call us to his Rnawlege, quhome now in hir Furie fche
cruelly perfecutis. We deny not the taking of the Hous of Brockie^ and the
the Caus being confidderat, we think that no naturall Scottifman will be of-
fended at our Faft. Quhen the afTured Rnawlege come to us that the For-
tificatioun of Leyth was begun, every Man begun to inquire, quhat Danger
micht infew to the reft of the Realme, if the Frenche fiild plant in divers
Partis, and quhat wer the Places that micht niofl noy us. In Condufioun it
was found. That the taikin of the faid Hous be Frenchemetiy fiild be Diftruc-
tioun to Dnndte^ and hurtfull to Sanft Johneftoun, and to the haill Cuntrey ;
and tharefoir it was thocht expedient to prevent the Danger, as that we did,
for Prefervatioun of our Brethrein and comoun Cuntrey. It is not unknawn
quhat Enemies thofe two Tounis have, and how glaidly wald fum have all
gude Order and Policy overthrawn in thame. The Conjefturis that the
Frenche war of Mynd fchortly to have taken the fame Place, wer not obfcure:
Bot quhatibevir they pretended we cannot repent, that we, as faid is, have
prevented the Danger i and wald to God that our Power had bene in the fame
Man«
Lib. 11. of Riligiotm in Scothnd. 177
Manner to have foirdoifed thare Entres to the Toun of Leyth : For quhat
Truhill this puir Realme fall indure before that thay Murtherers and injuft
Pofieflburs be removed from the fame, the Ifchew will declair. Gif thir
Accufatiounis ag;ainft my Lord Duckis Grace, and that we refuifed Confe-
rence, be trewlie and fimplie fpokin, we will not refuis the Jugement of
thefe verie Men, quhom fche allegit to be of fo honeft Reputatioun. They
knaw that the Duckis Grace did anfwer, That if the Realme micht be fct at
Libertie, from the Bondage of thele Men of Weir, quhilk prefentlie did op-
prefs it, and was fo feirfull to him, and to his Brethrein, that they war com-
pellit to abfent thamefelfis from the Places quhare fche and they maid Refi-
dence, that he and all the Congregatioun fuld cum and gif all detfuil Obe-
dience to our Soverane hir Dochter, and to hir Grace, as Regent for the
Tyme : Bot to enter in Conference fo lang as fche kepit above him and his
Brethrein, that feirhjl fcurge of cruell Strangearis, he thocht no wyfs Man
ivald counftill him. And this Anfwer we approve, adding farther, That fche
can tnak us no Prome'ts^ quhilk fche can keip^ nor wf can credite^ fo lang as fche
is forced ixith the French emen, and reullit with be the Counfaill 0/ France. fVe
at not ignorant that Princes think it gude Pollicie to betray thair Subjects by
hr eking of Promei-f be thay nevir fo folempnitlie maid. "We have not forgottin
quhat Counfaill fche and Monfleur ct Ofell gave to the Duke, againf^ thofe
that flew the Cardinall, and keipt the Caftell of Sanft Androis^ and it was
this, That quhat Fromeis they lif^ to require fuld be maid unto theme bot
how fbne the Caftell was randered, and Thinges brocht to fuch Pas as was
expedient, that he fould chope the Heides from every one of thame.
To the quhilk, quhen the Duke anfwerit, 'That he wald nevir confent to fo
treffonabill ane AH^ bot if he promeifit Fidelitie^he wald faythfulliekeip it. MelTieur d' 0-
fell faid in Mockage to the Quein in Frenche, That is a gude fimple Nature
fcot I knaw no uther Prince that wald fb do. Gif this was his Jugement in fa
imall a Matter, quhat have we to fufpeft in this our Causj for now the Que-
ftioun is not of the Slauchter of ane Cardinall, bot of the jufl abolifching of
all that Tyrranie, quhilk that Romane Antichrifl hes ufurped above us, of the
SupprefTing of Idolatry, and of the Reformatioun of the haill Religioun, by
that Venning of Schavelingis utterly corrupted. Now if the Slauchter of a
Cardinall be a Sine irremtffable^ as they thamefelfis affirme j and if Fayth
aucht not to be I 'ot with Heretykes, as thair awin Law fpeks, quhat Fro-
meis can fche, that is reulled by the Counfaill and Comandment of a Cardi-
nall, mak to us, that can be fure } Quhair fche accufis us, that we ufurpe
the Authority to comand, and chairge frie Burghis to chufe Proveifl and Oifi.
cieris Of our nameing, &c. we will that the haill Burghis o{ Scotland tefty.
fie in that Cais, quhider that we have ufTit ony Kynd Of Violence, bot loving-
lie exhortit fick as afkit Supporte, to chufe fuche in Office, as had the Feir of
God befoir thair Eyis, lovit Equity and Juflice, and wer not noted with A-
irarice and Brybing. Bot Wonder it is, with quhat Faice fche can accuis us
of that quhairot we ar innocent, and fche fb opinly criminall, that the haill
Realme knawis hir Iniquitie. In that Cais hes fche not compelled the Tdun of
Edinhurghey to retein a Man to be thair Proveift mofl unworthie of ony Regi.
ment, in a weill reulled Comoun-welthe ? Hes fche not infbrced thsme tp
tak Bailyes of hir Apointment, and fum of thame fb meit for their Office in
this trublefum Tyme, as a Souter is to f^e»r a Schip in a f!ormie Day ? Sche
complainiSjThat we will not fufifer Provifioun to be maid for hirHous. In verie
V y deid
178 The Htjlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IL
deid we repent unfaynedlie, that befoir this we tuk not better Ordour, that
thefe Murthereris and Opprefuris, quhom fche pretends to nureifh ( for our Dif-
ftruftioun ) had not bein difapointed of that grit Provifioun of Victuellis,
quhilk fche and they have gatherit, to the grit Hurt of the haill Cuntrey. Bot
as God fall afljft us in Tymes cuming, we fall do Deligence fumquhat to fru-
ftrate their devilifche Purpois. Quhat bothe fche and we pretendis, we dout
not bot God ( quha cannot {uffer the Abuis of his awin Name lang to be un-
punifched ) fall one Day declare ; and unto him we feir not to comitt our
Caus nether yit feir we in this prefent to (ay, that againft us fche makis a moft
malicious Ley, quhare fche fays, That it is no Religioun that we go about, but
a plain Ufurpatioun of the Authority. God forbid that fuche Impietie fould
enter in our Hairts, that we fuld mak his holie Religioun a Cloik and Cover*
tour of our Iniquitie. From the Beginning of this Contraverfie, it is evidentlie
knawn quhat have bene our Requeil^es, quhilk if the reft of the Nobility and
Comunaltie of Scotland will caus to be performed unto us, gif then in us
appears ony Sygneof Rebellioun, lat us be reputed and punifched asTraytours.
But quhill Strangearsar brocht in to fuppres us, our Comoun-welrhe and Polte-
rites • quhill Idolatry is manteined, and Chrift Jefus his trew Religioun de-
fpyfed ; quhille idill Bellies and bludie Tyrrantes, the Bifchopis, ar manteined,
and Chrifl's trew Meflingers perfecuted; quhill finally, Vertew is condempned
and Vice extolled ; quhill that we, a grit Parte of the Nobility and Comunal-
tie of this Realme, ar mcft unjuftly perfecuted ; quhat godly Man fill be offen-
ded that we fall feek Reformatioun of thefe Enormiteis ; yea, even be Force
of Armes, feing it is utherwayes denyed unto us ? We are affured, that ne-
ther God, neither Nature, nether ony jufi: Law forbides us.. God hesmaid us
Counfellors by Birth of this Realme, Nature byndes us to love our awia
Cuntrey, and jufl Law comands to fupport our Brethren injuftly perfecuted ;
yea, the Aythe that we have maid, to be trew to this Comoun-welthe, com-
pelles us to hazard quhatfbever God hes geven us, befoir that we fie the mi-
ferable Ruyne of the fame. Gif ony think, that it is not Religioun, quhilk
we now feik ; we anfwer, that it is nothing ellis, bot the Zeall of the trew
Religioun, quhilk moves us to this Interpryfe: For as the Enemies do crafte-
lie forefie, that Idolatry cannot be univerfally manteined, unles that we be
utterly fupprefled ; fb do we confidder, that the trew Religioun ( the Purity
quhairof we onely require^ cannot univerfally be erefted, unlefs Strangears be
removed, and this pure Realme purged of thefe Peftilences, quhilk before
hathe infefted it : And tharefore, in the Name of the Eternell God, and of
his Sone Jefus Chrift, quhas Caus we fufteane, we requyre all our Brethren,
naturall Scottis Men, prudently to confidder our Requef^es, and with Juge-
ment to decerne betwix us and the Queen Regent and her Faftioun, and not
to fuffer thamefelves to be abufit by hir Crafteand Deceate, that ether they fall
lift thair Weapones againft us thair Brethren, quho feik nothing bot God's Glory,
ether yit that they abftraft from us thairjuft and debtfull Support,feing that we ha-
fard our Ly ves for the Prefervatioun of thame and us, and of Poflerity to cum,
affuring fick as fall declare thamefelves Favourares of hir Fa<Sioun, and Ene-
irtyes to us, that we fall repute thame, quhenfoever God fall put the Sworde of
Juftice in our Hands, worthy ef fickPunifchement, as is dewfer fick as ftudy
to betray thair Countrey into fhe Handes of Strangears.
This our Anfwer was formed, and divulgate in fum Pleaces, bot not uni-
verfally, be Reffoun of our Day apoynted to meet at Stirlingj as before is de-
clared
IB. n. of Rcligioim in Scotland. 17^
I
clared. In the meanTymc, the Quoin's Poftes ran with all poflibleExpeditioun,
fo draw all Men to hir Dcvotioun ; and in very deed fche fand ma Favourars of
hir Iniquity than we fufpeflcd j for a Man that of longTymc had been one of our
Number in ProfcfTioun, offered his Service fas himlclf confefTed ) to thtQuein
Regent, to travell betwix hir Grace and the Congregatioun for Concord ; fche
refufcd not his Offer, bot knawing his Simplicity, fche was glaid to imploy
him for hir Advantage: The Man is Mr. Rohrt LoikarJ,?i Man ofquhome many
have had and ftillhavea gudeOpinioun,astuicheinghisReIigioun • bot to enter
in the Dres of fuche Affaires not fb convenient, as godly and wyfs Men wald
requyre : He travelled not the les eameaftly in the Quein Regent's Affiires,and
culd not be perfvvaded bot that fche meined Sincerity, and that fche wald pro-
mote the Religioun to the uttermof^ of hir Power. He promeifit in hir Name,
That fche wald put away hir frembe Men, and wald be reulled be the Coun-
faill of natural 1 Scott'u Men. Quhen it was reaffoned in his contrare, that if
fche war fo mynded to do, fche culd have found Mediators a grit deal more
convenient for that Purpois. He feired not to affirmc, l^at he knew moir of
hir Mynd than all the Frenche or Scottis that "xer in Scotland ; yea tnoir., than
hir aixin Brethren! that war in France. He travelled with the Erie of Glen'
cairne, the Lords Ochihrie and Boyd^ with the Laird of Z)«w, and with the
Preicheours, to quhome he had fiim fecreit Letteris that he wald not deliver,
unles that they wald mak a faythfuU Promeis, that they fijld never reveill the
Things conteined in the fame. To the which it was anfwered, 7hat in no
Wayis they citld viak fuche a Promeis^ he Rejjoun they wer fjoorne ane to aneother^
and ahogidder in ane Bodie^ that they foiild have no fecreit Drefs, nor Intelligence
with the ^tein Regent^ tot that they wuld commiinicat with the grit Counfaill, quhat*
foevir that fche propouit unto thame, hefoir they did anfjjer unto hir • as be this
Anfwer, writcin be Johne Knox unto hir Grace the Quein Regent may be un-
derfhide. The Tenour quhareof followis.
MADAME,
MY Dewtte maift humUie premiffed: Tour Graces Servant^ Mr, Robert Lock"
art, maift inftanthe hes required me and utheris to quhome your Graces Let<-
teris (flj he allegis) "-jcar direHed., to reffave the fame in fecreit tnanery and to
gif to him Anfwer accordinglie ; hot hecaus fum of the Numher that he required^
•wer, and ar itpoun the grit Counfaill of this Reahne, ajid thairfoir ar folenipnitlie
fworn to have nothing to do in Jecreit maner, nether with your Grace, nor with
ony that cumis fra yew, or fra your Counfadl. And fa they culd not reffave your
Graces J^etters with fick Ccnditiounis as the faid Mr. Robert requirit, and thair-
foir thocht he gude tohring to your Grace agane the faid Letteris cloir ; and yit hecaur,
as he reportis, he hes maid to your Grace fum Promeis in my Name, at his Re-
queift, I ame content to iefifie by my Letter and Siihfcripticun, the foim of that
quhiik I did communicate with him. In Dcndie, efter mony fVordis hetwix hint
and me, I faid, That albeit divers fmifer Reportis had bene maid of me, yit did
Inevir declair cvy evident Tccken of Hatred nor Inimitie againji your Grace. For
if it he the Office of a verie Freind to give irew and faythfuU Cam faill to thame
qi'.hcm he feis rin to LefiruHioutt for lack of the fame, I add net be proven Fne-
wie, lot rather an tirfayned Freind to yciir Grace. For gtihat Ccv.nfaill I had ge-
•vin to your Grace, my fVryttirgis (ahweill my Letter and Additicun to the fame,
Kgvj_ prented, as divers uthers quhiik I wrot jra St. Johnefloun) may te/iife. J
Y y 3 farder
l8o The Hi ft or ie of the Re/ormatioun Lib II.
farder added, 'J'hat fick ane Enemie was I unto yowy that my 'Joung did both per-
fmade and obtein. That your Auth$ntie and Regiment fuld be obeyed of us in all
Things lawfully till ye declair yourfelf opin Enemie to this Qmoun fVelthey as now,
allacey ye have done. This I willed him moreovir to fay to your Grace, That if
ycy following the Counfaill of flattering Men, having na God hot this Warld and
ihair Bellies y did proceid in your Malice againii Chrift Jefus his ReligiouM, and
trew Mimfterisy that ye fould do nothing els hot accelerat and haift God's plague
and Vengeance upoun yourfelf and upoun your Pojientie. And that {gif yow did
not change your Purpois haiftelie) yow fould bring yourfelf in fick extreim Danger,
that quhtn ye wald Jeik Remedie, it fould not be fo eafte to be found as it bad
hein befotr. ^This is the Effect and Soum of all that I faid at that Tyme, and
•willit him g'f he pleifit to comunicat the fame to your Grace. And the fam tit
agane / not'tfie unto your Gracey be this my Letter, writtin and fubfcryvit at ^
iinburghe, the 26th of OSioher ijfg.
Sic (ublcribitur.
Tour Graces to comand in all Godlineu
JOHNE KNOX.
Pdrtfcrlpturrij
Cod move your Graces Hairt yit in Tyme to conftdery That ye fecht not w
gainft Man, bot againfi the eternall Gody and againii his Sone Jefus Chrift^
the onelie Prince of the Kingis of the Erthe.
At the quhilk Anfwer, the (aid Mr, Robert was (b ofFendit, that he wald
not deliver his Letters, fiying, That we wer ungodlie and injurious to the ^ein
Regenty gif we fujpeliit ony Craft in hir. To the quhilk it was anftvered ba
one of the Preicheours, I'hat Tyme fould declair quhidder he or they war decea-
'vedy and gif fche fuld not declair hirfelf Enemie to the trew Religioun quhilk they
profefit, gif evir fche had the upper Handy than they wald be content to confes
that they had fufpeiiit hir Sinceritie without juft Caus. Bot and gif fche fuld
^eclair hir Malice no les in Tymes cuming, than fche had done befoir, thay
required that he fould be more moderate, than to damn thame whofe Con"
fcience he knew not. And this was the End of his Travell for that Tyme,
efter that he had trubled the Confcience of mony godlie and quiet Perfbnis.
For he and uthers quho war hir hyred Poftis, ceaflit not to blaw in the Earis
of all Men, that the Quein was hevelie done to, that fche required nothing
bot Obedience to hir Dochter ; that (che was content that the trew Religioun
Ibuld be fordwardit, and that all Abufles fould be aboli(ched,and be this meane
they brocht a Grudge and Divifioun amongs our felfis. For mony ("and our
Brethrein in Lawthiane efpecially) began to murmuir. That we focht ane
uther Thing than Religioun, and fo ceaflit to aflift us certane Dayis, efter
that we wer cumit to Edinhurgby quhilk we did according to the former
Dyei the 1 6th Day o^Olloher. This Grudge and Trubill among our felfis
wes not rayfed be the foirlaid Mr. Robert onelie,bot be thefe Peflilentis quhom
before we have exprefTed, and Mr. James Balfour efpecially, quhos vennom-
ous Toungis, agains God and his trew Religioun, as they deferve Punifch-
ment of Men, fo fall they not efchaip God's Vengeance, unles chat fpedily
they repent.
£fter
L I B 1 L^ of Religioim in Scotland. 1 8 1
Efter our cuming to Kimhurgb the Day forenamcd, we alfembled in
Counfaill, and determinat to give new Adverteifment to the Quoins Grace
Regent, of our CDnventioun, and in luche Sorte ; and fo with cornoun Con*
fent we fend unto hir our Requeft, as follows.
*rhe fecound Admonitioun to the Quein Regent.
MADAME,
1 T will ple'is your Grace reMice to your Reinemhancey how at our laft Conveii.
■* ventioun in Haumiitoun, 'xe required your Hienes, in our niaift humbill tuauer
to defift from the fortefeing of the Tonn oj Leyth, then interpryfit and bcun
quhilk appeared to us {and yit dois) ane Entrie to a Conqueift ^and Oijerthrauu to our
LiherteiSj and altogether agains the Laws and Cujtomes of this Cuntrey, feing it
•was begun, and yit continews without ony Coufent and Advys of the NobUitie and
Counfadl of this Realme. ^uhuirfoir noiju, as before, according to our Dejuiie to
ibis our Comoun-'ixelthe, we molt humblie requir your Grace, to cans your Str.in 'cars
and Souldtours quhatfnmevir, to departe this faid 'Toun of Le)th, and mak the
fam patent, not onelie to the Inhahitantes, hot alfo to all Scottifinen, our Soverane
Ladyis Lieges ; a/furing your Hienes, That gif refufing the fame, ye declare tbare-
hy your evill Mynd towards the Comoun-welthe, and Libert ie of this Realme we
will (as of befoir^ mein and declar the Caus unto the haill NobUitie and Comounis
of this Realme. And according to the Aith quhilk we have fworne for the Main-
teinance of the Comoun-weltke, in all maner of Things to us pojffibill, we will pro.
•V'd Remedie tharefoir, requiring mo ft humblie your Graces Anfwer in haift with the
Beirar, becaus in our Eyis the Ail contiuewallie proceids, declaring a Determina-
iio'in of Conqueifi, quhilk is refumit of all Men, and not without Caus. And
this efter a humbill Comendatioun of Service j we pray Alm)chtie God to have your
Grace in his eternell Tuitioun.
Thefe our Letters refTived, our MefTinger was threatned and with-haldm
a haill Day ; tharefter he was demi(rir,without ony uther Anfwer,bot that (che
wald fend ane Anfwer, quhen (che thocht expedient.
In this mein Tyme, becaus the Rumour ceiflTit nor, that the Duckis Grace
ufurpit the Authority, he was compelled with the Sound of Trumpet at the
Mercar Crcce of Edinburgh to mak his Purgatioun in Forme, as follows, the
^I9th ofOffober,
The Purgatioun of the Duck.
FOrafmekill as my Lord Duck of Chattellaraiilt, underftanding the fais Re-
porte made be the Quene Regent agains him, that he and his Sone my
Lord of Arrane, (buld pretend Ufurpatioun of the Croun and Authority of
this Realme, quhen in very Deid he nor his Sone nevir anes myndtd fick
Things, bot allanerly in Simplicity ofHairt, moved parrely be the violent
Ferfute of the Religioun and trew Profeffours thareof, partely be the Com-
pafiioun of the Comoun-welthe and pure Comunalty of this Realme, opprefTiC
■with Strargears, he joyned himfelf to the reft of the Nobility, with all Ha-
(ard,to fupport the comoun Caus of that aneandof th;t uther; hes thocht ex-
pedient to purge himfelf and his faid Sone, in Piefsns of yow all (as he had
done in Prtfens of the Counfaill) of that faid Cryme of auld, evin be Sum-
Z z mond«
182 "The Hi/lor ie of the Reformat ioun Lib. II.
monds laid to his Charge the fecund Year of the Reigne of our Soverane La-
dy ; Quhilk Malice hes continewed evir againft him, maift innocent of that
Cryme, as your Experience beirsWitnes; and plainly proteftis, That nether he
nor his faid Sone, feikes or futes ony Pre-eminence, eyther to the Croun or
Authority, bot as far as his Puiffance may extend, is reddy, and ever fall be,
to concurre with the reft of the Nobility his Brethrein, and all utheris, whos
Hairts are tuitched to mantein the comoun Caus of Religioun, and Liberty
of thare native Cuntrey, plainly invaided be the faid Regent, and hir faid
Souldiours, quha onely do forge fick vane Reports, to withdraw the Hairts
of trew Scottifmen from the Succour they aucht of bound Dewtie to thair
oppreft Comoun-welthe. Quharefoir he exhortis all Men that will manrein
the trew Religioun of God, or withftand this OpprefTioun or plane Conqueift
interpryfit be Strangearis upoun native Scottifmen^ not to credite fick fals and
untrew Reportis, bOt rather concurre with us and the reft of the Nobilitie,
to fet your Cuntrey at Libertie, expelling Strangers thairfra ; quhilk doing,
ye fall fchaw your felfis obedient to the Ordinance of God, quhilk was efta-
blifchit for Manteinance of the Comoun-wealthe and trew Members of the
fame.
The 2 1 ft of Oclohr^ came from the Quein then Regent Maifter Robert
Foirmai?, Lyoun Ring of Armes, quho brocht unto us ane Wrytting in this Te-
nour and Credite.
T? Fter Comendatiom, iioe have receaved yonr Letter^ of Edinburghe the igth of
■"-^ this Infant^ quhilk appeires to us rather to have cumit fra ane Prince to his
SuhjeStes^ then fra Subjects to thame that beiris Authoritie ; for Anfwer quhareof^
"Joe have prefentlie dire^it unto yow this Bearer ^ Lyoun Herauld King of Armes^
fufficientlie inftruSied ixith our Myndj to quhom ye fall give Credite.
At Leyth the 2ijt Sic (ubfcribitur,
of 06lober ij/p.
MARIE R.
His Credite is this.
'THat fche wonder it how ony durji prefume to comandher in that Realme^ quhilk
-* needit not to be conquifl be ony Force, confidering it was alreddie Conqueift be
Marriage J that Frenche Men ea'nnot juftlie be called Strangearis, feing they war
tmturaliezed; and tharefoir that fche wold nether mak the Toun patent, nether yit
fend ony Man away, bot as fche thocht expedient. Sche accufit the Duke of vio-
lating his Promeis; fche maid lang Proteftatioun of her Love towards the Comoun
•welthe of Scotland. And in the End comandit, that, under Pain of Treffoun, all
Afiftaris to the Duik, and unto us^ fould depart e from the Toun of Edinburghe.
This Anfwer receaved, Credit hard, preconceaved Malice fufficiently efpyed,
Confultatioun was taikin, quhat was expedient to be done. And for the lirft
it was concluded, That the Herauld fould be flayed, till farderDeterminatioun
fould be taikin.
The haill Nobilitie, Barrones and Burghes then prefent, war comanded to
convene in the Tolbuith of Edinburghe ^ the fame a ill Day of O^ober, tor De-
liberatioun
L I B. 1 1 . of Kcligiotm in Scotland. i s 3
liberatioun of thaile Matters, quhare the haill Cais being exponed, be the
Lord Ritthv'w^ the Qucftioun was proponed, Quhether fche that (b contemp-
tuouflie retlfit the mort hiimbill Rcqueill of the borne Counlaillours of the
Realme, being alio bot a Regent, quhais Pretences threarned the Bondage of
the haill Comoun-wehhe, aught to be fuffcred fo tyranouflie to impyre above
thame? And becaus that this Queftioun had not bene befoir difputed in op-
pin AlTemblie, it was thocht expedient, that the Jugement of the PreicheourS
Ibuld be required ; quho being called, and inftrucfted in the Cais, Jobie H'll-
lock, quho befoir had fuftcined the Burdene of the Kirk of EJiuburghe, being
comandit to (peik, maid Dilcourfe as follows. Affirming,
///;//, That albeit Magiftrates be God's Ordinance, having of him Power
and Authoritie, yit is not thair Power fo lairgly extended, boc that it is bound-
ed and limitted be God in his Word. And
Seaiuiilie, That as Subjeftes ar comanded to obey thair Magiftrates, (b ar
Mngiftrates comanded to give fnme Deutie to the Subje6les ; fo that God be
his Word hes prefcryved the Office of the one and oftheuther.
Ihirdlie, That albeit God hes apointed Magirtrates his Lieutenents in
Erthe, and hes honoured thame with his awin Titill, calling thame GoJis^
that yit he never did fo eftablifche ony, bot that for juft Caules they michf
have bein depryved.
Fourthlie, That in depofing of Princes, and thofe that had bene in Autho-
ritie, God did not alwayes u(s his imcdiatc Power, bot fbme Tymes he uffit
fim uther Meanes, quhilk his Wifdome thocht gude and Juftice approved as
by Jfa he removed Maacha his awn Mother from Honour and Authoritie
whiche befoir fche had bruiked ; by Jehu he deftroyed Jehoram, and the hailj
Forteritie of Ahah ; and by divers utheres he had depoifit from. Authoritie thois
quhrme befoire he had eftablifched by his awin Word : And heirupoun
concluded he. That fince the Quein Regent denyed hir cheif Dewtie
to the Subjefl^es of this Realme, quhilk was to minifter Juftice unto thame
indifferently, to preferve thair Liberties from Invafioun of Strangears, and
to fuffer Thame to have God's Word frely and oppenlie preiched amongis
thame. Seing moreover, tliat the Quein Regent was ane opin and obftinate
Idolatrefs, a vehement Manteiner of all Superftitioun and Idolatry ; and final-
lie, that fche utterly defpyfit the Counlaill and Requeiftes of the Nobility,
he culd fie no RefToun, quhy they, the borne Counfailers, Nobility and Bar-
rones of the Realme, micht not juftlie depryve hir frome ail Reg^iment and
Authoritie amongis thame.
Heirefter was the Jugement of Johie Knox required, quho approving the
Sentence of his Brother, added, Firft, That the Iniquitie of the Quein Regent
and Mifbrdour aucht in no Wayis to withdraw nether our Hairts, nether yit
theHairtes of uther Subje^tes from the Obedience dew unto our Soveranes.
SeanidarJie, That and gif we depoifit the faid Quein Regent rather of
Malice and private Invy, then for the Prefervatioun of the Ccmoun-welthe,
and that for hir Synes apeired incurable, that we forld not efcaipe God's jufl
Punifchement, hcwfbever that fche had deferved Ejefiicun from Honours. And
ThWdlie, He required. That no fuche Sentence fould be pronunced againft
her, bot that upoun hir knawin and opin Repentance, and upoun her Con-
verfioun to the Ccmoun-wealthe, and SubmifTioun to the Nobility, Place fuld
be granted unto hir of Regres to the fame Honours, from the quhilk, tot
fi&. Caufes fche, juftlie micht be depryved,
Z z 3 Thf
84 ^/^^ Hijhrie of the Reformat ioun Lib. II.
The Votes of every Man particularly be himfelf required, and every Man
comanded to fpeik,as he will anfwer to God, v^^hat his Con(cience juged in that
Matter, thare was none found amonges the haill Number, quha did not be his
awin Toung confent to her Depravatiounj tharefter was thair Proteft comitted
to Wrytt and regiftrate, as followeth.
y^/ Edinburgh //'^ 2 17? 0/ 06l:ober IJ59.
THE Nobility, Barones, and Burghes conveined to advyfe upoun the
Affairs of the Comoun-welth, and to ayd, fupport, and fuccour the
{amen, perceaving and lamenting the interpryfit Deftruclioun of thair Comoun-
welth, and Overchraw of the Liberty of thair native Cuntry, by the Meanes
of the Quein Regent, and certane Strangears, hir privy Counfaillours, plane
contrary to our Soverane Lord and Ladys Mynd, and dire6t aganft the Coun.
faill of the Nobility, to precede by litill and litill evin to the uttermoft, fua
that the urgent Neceflity of the Comoun welthe may fufFer na langer Delay,
and erneftly cravis our Supportes : Seing heirfor, that the (aid Quein Regent
(abufing and ovirpafling our Soverane Lord and Ladys Commiffioun gevin and
granted to hirj hes in all hir Procedeings, perfewed the Barones and Burghes
of this Realme, with Weapouns and Armour of Strangears, bot ony Proces
or Ordour of Law, they being our Soverane Lord and Lady's true Leigis, and
never called nor convi6t of ony Cryme be ony Jugment lawfull j as firft at
Sanft JoJmeftoim^ in the Moneth of Maii, fche affembled hir Army aganft the
Toun and Inhabitanris thareof, nevir called nor convift of ony Cryme, bot
that they profeffit the trewWorfchip of God, conforme to his moft (acred Word.
And lykwyes in the Monthe of Jit nil laft, without ony lawfull Ordour or Cal-
ling going befoir, invadit the Perfbnes offijndry Nobillmen and Barones with
Force of Armes conveined at Sanft Androis^ only for the Caus of Religi-
oun, as is notorioufly knawn, they never being called nor convict of ony
Cryme. Attour layd Garifbuns the fam Monethe upoun the Inhabitantis
of the faid Toun of Sanfl: Johnefioim^ oppreffing the Liberteis of the Queins
trew Leigis ; for Feir of quhilk hir Gari(buns a grit Parte of the Inhabitantis
thareof fled off the Toun, and durft not refort agane into thair Hou(es and
Heritages quhill they wer reftorit be Armes, they notwithftanding never be-
ing called nor convi<5l of ony Cryme. And farder. That fam Tyme did thruft:
in upoun the Heids of the Inhabitantis of the (aid Toun Proveft and Balyes
aganft all Ordour of Eleclioun. And laitly in this laft Monthe of Septemhei'y
hes fche done the lyke in the Touns of Ed'mhurghe and Jedhwghe^ and divers
uther Places, in Sygne of manifeft Oppreffioun of our Liberteis. And laft of
all, declaring of hir eveill Mynd towards the Nobility, Comounality, and
haill Natioun, hes brocht in Strangears, and daily pretends to bring in gritter
Force of the fam; pretending ane manifeft Conqueift of our native Roums
and Cuntry, as the Dede itlelf declares : In fa far as fche having brocht in
the (aid Strangears bot ony Advyfs of the Counfaill or Nobility, and contra-
ry to thair expres Mynd fent to hir Grace in Wrytte, hes placed and planted
hir (aid Strangears in ane of the principall Touns and Portes of this Realme,
■fending continewally for gritter Forces, willing thareby to fuppres our Co-
mnuri-weill, and the Liberty of our native Cuntry, to mak us and our Pofte-
rity Slaves to Strangears for evir: Quhilk, as it is intollerabill in Comoun-
■welthes and fre Cuntrys, fb it is veray prejudicial! to our Soverane Lady, and
hir Aires quhatfumever, in cais our Soverane Lord deceis but Aires of hir
Graces
Lib. II. of Rcligioim in Scotland. 185
Graces Perfoun ; and to Performance of thir hir wicked Interpryfes, conceaved,
as appears, of inveterate Malice, aganft our wholle Cuntry and Natioun, caufes'
(bor ony Confent or Advyfs of the Counlaill or Nobilityj cunye layit Mony
fo bafe, and of fick Quanity, that the haill Realme (all be depauperate, and
all Traffique with foraine Natiouns everted thareby; and attour, hir Grace pla-
ces and mantcanes, contrary the Plcflbur of the Counfaill of this Realme an
StraPgear in ane of the gritert Oflices of Credite within this Realme, that is in
keiping of the Grit Scill thareof, quharciintill gritPerrillcs maybe engendrcd to
the Comoun-welrhe andLiberteis thareof- and farder laitly fent the faid Greit
Seill furthe of this Realme be the faid Strangear, contrary the Advyfe of the
laid Counfaill, to quhat EfFeft Gcd l<naws, and hes els be his Meanes alter-
ed the auld Lawis and Confuetude of our Realme, ever obferved in the Gra-
ces and Pardones granted be our Soveranes to all thair Leigis beand repentand
of thair Offences comitted aganft thair Heines, or the Liegis of the Realme
and hes introduced ane new captius Styll and Forme of the faids Pardones
and RemifTiouns, attending to the Prac%s of Frame, tending thareby to draw
the faids Leigis of this Realme, be Proces of Tyme, in a dcceavabill Snair.
And farder fall creip in the holle Subverfloun and Alteratioun of the rema-
nent Lawis of this Realme, in contrairy the Contents of the Apointment
of Mariage ; and all Peace being accorded amongs the Prcncis, rcteires the
grit Army of Strangears efrer comand fent be the King of France to retyre
the fame, making Excus that they wer reteaned for SupprefTioun of the At-
temptis of the Leigis ofthisRealme^albeit the hail Subjeftis thareof,of all Eftatis
is and ever hes bene reddy to give all dewtefull Obedience to thair Soveranes
and thair lawful! Minifteris, proceiding be God's Ordinance: And the faid
Army of Strangears not being payed of Wages, was laid be hir Grace upoua
the Neckes of the pure Comunalty of our native Countrey, quha was com-
pelled be Force to defraud thamefelfis, thair Wyfis, and thair Bairnis, of that
pure Subftance, quhilk they micht conqueis with the Sweit of thair Brows
ta fatisfie thair Hunger and NecefTities, and quyte the fam to fuftein the idill
Bellies of thair Strangears. Throw the quhilk in all Partis rais fick heavy
Lamentatiouii, and Complaint of the Comunaltie accufing the Counfaill, and
Nobility of thair Slouthe, that as the fame OpprefTioun, we dout not, hes en-
terit in befoir the Juftice-fait of God, fa hes it moved our Hearts to Reuthe
and CompafTioun. And for Redres of the famyn, with uther grit Offences
comitted againft the publift Welthe of this Realme, we have conveined here
(as faid is j and as oftentymes of befoir hes maift humely and with all Re-
verence defyred, and required the faid Quein Regent, to redres the faids E-
normiteis, and fpecially to remove hir Strangears, from the Neckes of the puir
Comunaltie, and to defift fra interpryfing or Fortificatioun of Strenthis within
this Realme, againfl the cxpres 'Will of the Counfaill and Nobility of the
{am; Yit we being convened the mair ftark, for Feir of hir Strangears, whom
we faw prefume no uther Thing, bot with Armes to perfew our Lyves and
Pofleffiounis, befocht hir Grace, to remove the Feir of the fame, and mak the
Toun patent to all our Soverane Lord and Lady's Lieges ; the fame one no
V/ayis wald hir Grace grant unto, bot quhen fum of our Cumpany in peaci-
able Maner went to view the faid Toun, thare was both fmall and grit Muni'
tioun fchote fiirth at thame. And feing tharefoir, that nether Acce^ was
granted to be ufit, nor yit her Grace wald joyneherfelf to us, to confiilt upoun
,the EfFaires of our Comoun-welth, as we that be borne Counfailiers of the
A a a fame
1 8^ The Hijlorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. 11.
fame be the ancient Lawis of the Realme : Bot feiring the Jugement of the
CounVaill wald reforme, as Neceflitie required, the foirfaides Enormiteis, fche
refuifes all Maner of AfTiftance with us, and be Force and Violence intendis
to fuppres the Liberteis of our Comoun-welthe, and of us the Favourers of
the fame. We tharefoir, fo mony of the Nobility, Barrones, and Froveiflis of
Burrows as ar tuitched with the Cair of the Comoun-wealthe ( unto the quhilk
we acknawlege ourfelfis not onely borne, bot ahb fworne Froteftoures and De-
fenders againft all quhatfomever Invaiders of the fame ) and moved be the
foirfaids Froceidings notorious, and with the lamentable Complaint of Op-
preffioun of our Comunalty, our Fellow-memberis of the lame. Perceaving
farder That the prefent NeceflTity of our Comoun-welthe. may fuffer no De-
lay being conveined (as faid isj prefenrly in Ed'mhurghe, for Support of our
Comoun-welthe, and ryply confulted and advyfed, taking the Feir of God be-
foir our Eyis, for the Caufes foirfaids, quhilkis ar notorious, with one Con-
fent, and comoun Vote, ilk Man in Ordour his Jugement being required ;
In Name and Authority of our Soverane Lord and Lady, fufpendis the faid
Comiffiounjgranted be our faid Soveranes to the faidQueinDowager,difchairging,
hir of all Adminiftratioun or Authority fche hes or may have thareby, unto
the nixt Parliament to be fet be our Advyis and Confent ; and that becaus the
faid Quein, be the foirfaids Faultis notorious, declares hirfelf Enemy to our
Comoun-wealthe, abufing the Power of the faid Authorite, to the Defiruftioun
of the fame : And lykwayis we difchairge all Members of hir faid Autho-
rity fra thinfurth ; and that na Cunye be cunyed fra thinfurth, without ex-
pres Confent of the faid Counfaill and Nobility, conforme to the Laws of this
Realme, quhilk we mantene. And ordaines this to be notified and pro-
clamed be Officiaris of Airmes, in all the Heid Burghs within the Realme of
Scotland. In Witnes of the quhilk, our comoun Confent and frie Vote, we
have fubfcryved this prefent A6t of Sufpenfloun, with Cm Handis, Day, Yeir
and Plaice foirfaids.
Sic fubfcribitur,
By us, tie NohiUty andComoum of the Pro*
t eft ants of the Churche 0/ Scotland.
Efter that this our A61: of Sufpenfloun was be Sound of Trumpet divulgaf
at the Mercat Croce of Edinburghe, we demifTit the Herauld with this An-
fwer.
PLeis your Grace, we receavh your Anfwer, and hard the Credit ofLyoun King of
Armes,quhairh ime gatherit fuffictentlie your Perfeverance in evil! Mynd towardis
us the Glorie of Goci,our Comoun-welthe^and the Libertie of our native Gintrej. For
Sahetie of the quhilks, and according to our De-wties, we have in our Soverane
Lord andLacfyis Name fufpendit your ComiJfwun,and all Adminiftratioun of the Po-
licie your Grace may pretend thairby, being maift affuredlie ferfwaidit. Tour Da-
ingis ar dtrelf contrair our Soverane Lord and Ladyis Will, quhilk we evir e-
,fteim to be for the TVealthe, and not for the Hurt of this our Comoun-weiU. And
as your Grace will not acknawledge us our Soverane Lord and Ladyis Liegis, trew
Banonii and Leigis, for your Subjects and Counfaill, na mair will we acknaw-
fegt
Lib. 1L ofKcligiotm //; Scotland. 187,
lege yorx for our Regeuty or lcr,ijfull Magiftraie unto us, Jang, if ct/y /kthoritie yt
baie be ReJJhun oj our Soveranes Conujfiouu granted unto your Grace, the fatn
for niatji -jcechtie Refjonh, is 'wortbelie fufpeudit be us, in the Name and Autho-.
rtlie (f our SozeraJies,qid-ais Counfaill -jue ar of in the Effairis of this our Coshouh-
tvelibe. Atid foralfmekill as 'xe ar detcrnumd -jauh Hajard of our Ly^jes, to let
that TouH at Libertie, qubairin ye haze maiji -wrangou/Iie flawed your Souldiors
at.d Straiigears, for the Reverence quhilk "xe aucht to your Perfone, as Mother to
our Soverane Lady, we requir your Grace to tranfport your Perfon thairfra, fdug
ice ar conftrayned* for the Necejfitie of the Comoun.'jcelthe, to fute the fame he
Armes, being denyed of the Libertie thaircf, be fundrie Requeiftwunis maid of
befoir ; attour your Grace, wald cans departe with yow out of the faid 7o//«,
ony Perfone haveand Comiffioun in Ambafjadrie, gif ony fick be, or in Lieuetenent-
fchip of our Soveraneis, togither with all Frenchemen, Souldiours, being within
the fame {quhais Bluid we thrift not, becaus of the auld and attcient Awitie
and Freindfchip betwix the Realme <?/ France and us, quhilk Aniitie, be Occafwun of
Mariage of our Soverane Lady to the King of that Realme, fould rayther increfs
nor decrefs ;) and this we pray your Grace and thanie both to do within the Spaice
of "3.^ Hours, for the Reverence we aucht unto your Perfonis. Aid thus reco-
mending our humbill Service to your Grace, we comitt your Hienes to the eternall
Protectioun of God. At Edinburgh the -"^d of October ij/p.
Your Graces huinbill Servitours.
The Day following we flimmondit the Toun ofLeyth, be Sound of Trum«
per, in Forme, as followis.
I Requir and chairge in the Name of our Soverane Lord and Lady, and
of the Coun/aill prefentUe in Edinburgh, That all Scottis and Frenchetnen^
of quhatlumevir Eftait or Degrie they be, that they departe of this Toun of
Leyth, within the Spaice of twelf Hours, and mak the fam patent to all and
fundrie our Soverane Ladyis Liegis : For feing that we have not fick Hatred
at ether the one or the uther, that we thrift for the Elude of ony of they
rwa, for that ane is our naturall Brother, borne, nurifched, and brocht upe
within the Eowellis of our comoun Cuntrey, and with that uther our Na-
tioun hes continewit in lang Anutie and Alyance, and hopis that fua fall do,
fa lang as fa they lill: to ufe us, and not fuit to mak Slaves of our Freinds,
quhilk this ftrenthening of our Tounis portendis. And thairfbir maift hair-
telie delyris the one and the uther to defift from fbrtefeing or manteining of
this Toun ; in our Soveranis and thair Counfaills Name, and to mak the fam
firie within the Spaice of twelf Hours.
Defyance gevin, thair was fkirmifching, without grit Slauchter, Prepara-
tioun of Scales and Ledders was maid for the AfTauIt, quhilk was concludit
by the comoun Confent of the Nobilitie and Baronis. The Scales war apoint-
ed to be maid in Sar6i Gyles Kirk, fb that Preicheing was neglefted, quhilk
did not a little greve the Freicheours, and mony godlie with thame. The
Preicheours fpaired not opinlie to fay, * That they feirit the Succes of that
• Interpryfe fould rot be profperous, becaus the Begynning appeirit to bring
A a a 2 with
suvfimtd, MSS.
8 8 The Hifiorie of the Refcrmatioun L i b. II.
* with it {um Contempt of God and of his Word. Uther Plaices, (aid thay,
* had bein moir apt for (uche Preparatiounis, than quhair the Pepill convei-
* nit to comoun Prayers and unto Preiciieing.' In verie deid the Audience
was wonderfuliie trubled at that Tyme, quhilk fand uther Mifordour efpyed
among us) gave Occafioun to the Preicheours to affirme, ' That God culd not
* fuflfer fick Contempt of his Word and Abuifes of his Grace, lang to be un-
* punifched. ' The Quein had amongis us hir aflured Efpyellis, quho did not
cnelie fignifie unto hir quhat was our Eftait, bot alfo quhat was our Coun-
faill, Purpois, and Devyfes. Sum of our awin Cumpanie war vehementhe
flifpeftit to be the very Betrayeris of all our Secreitis; for a Boy of the Officialis
of Lavothiaiie, Maifter James Balfour, was taikin carying a Wrytting, quhilk
did opin the maift Secreit Thingis war devyifit in the Counfaill ; yea, thefe
veray Thingis quhilk we thocht to have bein knawin bot to a verie few. By
ftiche domefticall Enemies wer not onelie our Purpoifes fruftrate, bot alfb our
Determinatiounis wer often overthrawn and changed. The Duikis Freindis
gave unto him fuche Terrours, that he was gritlie trubled, and by his Feir
war trubled many utheris.
The Men of Weir ( for the muifi Parte war Men mthout God or Honeftie)
maid a Mutiney, becaus they lacked a Part of thair Wages : They had done
the fame in L'mlythgow befoir, quhare they maid a Proclamatioun, that they
ivaU ferve any Mai?, to fiipprefs the Congregatioim, andfet up the Mes agane. They
maid a Fray upoun the Erie of Jrgyllis Heiland Men, and flew ane of the
principall Children of his Chalmer, quho notwithftanding behaved him(elf fo
moderatlie, and fb ftudious to paceifie that Tumult, that mony wondered afweill
of his prudent Counfaill and Stoutnes, as of the grit Obedience of his Cumpanie.
The ungodly Souldiours notwithftanding maligned, and continewing in thair
Mifordour, they boafted the Laird of 'Jullyhardyn and uther Nobilmen, quho
exhorted thame to Quietnes. All thefe Troubles war pra6tifit by the Quein,
and put in Executioun by the Traytours amongis ourfelfis, quho, albeit they
then lurked, and yit ar not manifeftly noted, yit we dout not bot God fall
utter thame to thair Confufion, and to the Exemple of utheris. To pacific
the Men of Weir, a Colleftioun was devyfit : Bot becaus fum war pure, and
lum war Nigardes and avaritious, thare culd no fufficient Soum be obteined.
It was thocht expedient, that a Cunye fuld be erefied, that every Nobilman
(uld cunye his Silver Wark, to fupply the prefent NecefTitie ; and tharefoir
David Forrefsy Johne Ha'trt, and utheris quho befoir had Chairge of the Cunye-
hous, did promeis thair faythfuU Laboured. Bot quhen the Matter came to
the very Point, the faid Johm Hairt, and uthers of his Faftioun, ftall away,
and tuk with thame the Inflruments apt for thair Purpole. Quhither this was
done be the Falfhoode and Febilnes of the faid Johne, or the Pra6teifing of u-
theris, is yit uncertane. Relied than no Hoip amongs ourfelfis, that ony Mo-
ny culd be furnifched ; and tharefoir it was concluded, by a few of thofe
quhom we juged mofl: fecreit, that Sir Ralphe Saidlar and Sir James Croftes,
then haveing Chairge at Berw'ik, fbuld be tempted, gif ony wald fupport us
with ony reflbnable Soum, in that urgent NecefTitie. And for that Purpois
was the Laird of Ormiftoun direfted unto thame in fb fecreit Maner, as we
could devyfe ; bot yit our Counfaill was difcloifed to the Quein, quho apoint-
ing the Erie of Bothwell ( as himfelf confeflit ) to await upoun the returnirfg
of the laid Laird, as that he did with all Diligence ; and fb being afTuredly
informed, be quhat Way he came, the (aid Erie Bothwll befet his Way, and
cuming
Lib 11. of Kciigiotmin iicotlaud. 1 8^
cuming upoun him at unawares, did tak him cftcr that he was evil! woundit
in the' Held, tor nether culd he get his led Hors, nor yit his SteillKonet.
"With him was taiken the Scum of 4000 Crowns o\ the Sone, qiihilk the
(aid Sir Rulphe and Sir James mo[\ lovingly had fent for our Support. The
Brute hereof cuming to our Eirs, our Dolour was doubled; not lo mtkill lor
Lois of the Money, as tor the Tin<all of the Gentilmin, quhom we fu.peft-
ed to have been tlain, or at the leilt, that he lould be delivered to the Que.n's
H'.ndcs: And fo upoun the fuddane, the Erie of >^/Trt;/c, the Lord Jiiiiie\thti
Mailier of Max-xell^ with the mailt Parte of the Horfmen, tuk Purpois to
purfew the (aid Erie Botb'joelly gif they micht appehend him in Creicbtouu or
Moikame^ quhitherto (as they war infjrmed ) he had rereired him(elt etter
his trelTonible Fat^e, we call his Faft trellbnable, becaus that thre Days be-
foir he had fent his fpeciall Servant, Mr. Michuil Balfour^ to us to EJmbuigh^
to purches of the Lords of theCounfaill Licence, to cum and fpeik us; quhiik
we granted, efter that he had promeifir, that irt this mein Tyme he iLid
nether hurt us, nor yit ony to us aperteining, till that he lould wryte his An-
fwer agane, quhidder that he wald joyne with us or not. He gave us f.rder
to underfland. That he wald difchairge himlelf of the Quein, and tha refter
wald afTiftus: And yit in this mein time, hecruellie and triytorouflie hurt and
fp'jylled thcNobilman foirfaid. Albeit that the Departure and Counlaill of the
Erie oi Anane and Lord Juiines^ with thair Cumpanie tbirfaid, was very ilid-
daneand lecreif, yit was the Erie of Both-well^ then being in Creichtom^ ad-
verteifit ; and Co efcaiped with the Money, quhiik he tuik with himleif, as
the Captane of his Hous, Jolme Somervell (quhiik was taiken without ony
iang Ferfuite ) confelTit nd affirmed: Becaus the Nobilmen that fouchf Re-
dres, fbcht rather his Saifty and Reconciliation, than Ditlruftioun and Hatred,,
they comited his Hous to the Cuftodie of a Captane, to wit, Captane Fuilcfs^-
to quhom, and to all the Souldiours chare Idft, was gevin a Icharpe Comand-
ment, that all Thingis found within the laid Hous of Creickoun ( quh Ik war
put in Inventorie in the Prefens of the Lordis ) Ibuld be keipit, till that the
(aid Erie fould gif Anfwer, quhither he wald mak Rettitutioun or not ; Tyme
of Adverteifement was grantit unto him the haill Day liibfequent, till the go-
ing down of the Sone.
In Abtence of the taidis Lordis and Horfmen ( we mein the fame
Diy that thay departed, quhiik was the laf^ of OHoher ) the Proveift and
Toun of Dundte^ togither with fum Souldiours, paft forth of the Toun
of Edinburgh^ and caryit with thame fum grit Ordinance to fchute at Leyth.
.The Diik's Grace, the Erie o^ Glen cat me ^ and the reft of the Nobilmen
wer gone to the Preicheing, quhare they continewed till neir twell Hours.
The Frencbe being adverteifit by ane named Cterk (quha efter was
apprehended) that our Horfmen war abfent, and that the haill Cumpany war
at Denner, ilcheit, and with grit Expeditioun cam to the Place, quhare our
Ordinance was laid. The Toun of Dundie with a few urhers refilled a quhylf,
afweill with thair Ordinance as Haqubuttis; but being left of our ungodly
and febell Souldiours, quha fled without Straik offered or gevin, they wer com-
pelled to gif back, and Co to Live the Ordinance to the Enemies, quho did fiir*
ther purfew the Fugitives, to icit, to the Middis of the Cauon;iait^ and to the
Fute of Leyth Wynd. Thair Cruelty then began to difcover the (elf; for the
decreiped, the aged. Women and Children fand no gritter Faveur ia thair
Fury, than did the i^roog Men, quha maid Refifiance.
£ b b ll
I^o The Htftorie of the Reformatioun Lib- II.
It was very apeirand, thar amongis outfelfis thare was Turn TrelToun ; tor
quhen, upoun the firft Allarme, all Men maid Haift for Relief of thair Bre-
thren, quhom in very deid We micht have faved, or at leift we micht have
laved the Ordinance, and have keipt the Canongait from Danger ; for we war
aneis marched fordwards with bauld Curage ; hot than, we fay, was a Schout
rayfit among ourfelfis ( God will dilclois the Traytours one Day ) aflfirming,
^hat the haill Frenche Cnmpanie war enterit in at Leyth-wynd, ttpoim our Backs.
Quhat Clamour and Difbrdour did than fudanely aryis, we lift not to expres,
with Mulriplecatioun of Words. The Horfiinen, and fum of thofe that lould
have put Ordour to utheris, overode thair pure Brethrein, at the Entres of
the Netherhow. The Cry of Difcomfitour arais in the Toun, the Wickit and
Malignant blafphemed ; the Febill famongis quhom the Juftice Clerk, Sir Jobne
Bjlenrkii was) fled Without Mercie. With grit Difficulty could they be keipic
in at the JVefi-port. Mr. Gawane Haumdtoim Abbote of Kiliioymng cryit with
a loud Voice, Drink now as ye have browne. The frenche perceaving, be the
Clamour of our Fray, foIIowed,as la d is, to the Myddis of the Canongait, to no
grit Number, bot a 20 or 30 of thair Infantis/^er^/fj- ; for in that mein Tyme,
the reft reteirit thamelelfis with our Ordinarace. The Erie Argyll zrvi his Men
war the firft that flopped the flying of our Men, and compelled the Port to
be opined, eftei- that it was fchute. Bot in very deid. Lord Robert Stewarty
Abbot of HalyruSous, was the firft that ifched out ; efter him followed mo-
ny upoun the Backes of the Frenche. At laft cum my Lord Duke, and than
was no Man moir frank, than Mr. Gawane HaumJltoim feirlaid. The Frenche
brunt a Baikhous, and tuk fbme Spoille from the Pure of the Canongah: They
flew a drunken Fapift Freift, named Sir Thomas Sklahter, ane aged Man, a
"Woman i:,eving Sucke and hir Child ; and of Souldiours to the Number of
ten. Certane war tane, amongis quhom Captane Mowat was ane, and Mr.
Charles Geddas^ Servitour to the Mafter of Maxwell. The Captane of the Caftill
that Day (chote a Schotat the /vY/^r/J^f, declaring thame thareby Freindes tous,and
Enemies to thame, bot he fuddanely repentit of weill-doing. The Quein
glaid of Viftory fat upoun the Rampart to falute and welcome hir vifturious
Souldiours ; ane brocht a Kirtill, ane uther ane Petticoat, a third a Pot or Pan;
and of Envy more than womanly Lauchter, fche afkit, ^tharr hucht ye your
PFair ? le penfe que vous Paves achete fans argent ? This was the grit and mo-
therly Cair whilk fche tuik for the Trubill of the pure Subjeftes of thisRealme.
The Erie Bothwell, lifted up in his awn Conceate, be RefToun of this our
Repuls and Difcomfitour, utterly refuifit ony Reftitutioun ; and Co within
two Days efter was his Hous fpoylled, in quhilk was nothing of ohy grit Im-
portance, his Evidents and certane Clothing excepted. From that Day back,
the Curage ot mony was deje61ed ; with grit Difficulty culd Men be retaned
within the Toun ; yea, fum of the gritteft Eftimatioun determined with
thamefelfis to leive the Interpryis ; mony fled away fecreitly, and fhofe that
did abyde fa very few excepted) appeired deftitute of Counfaill and Man-
beid. The Maifter of Maxwell., a Man ftout and witty, foirfeing the Danger,
moft gravely defyred, ether to tak fuche Ordour, that they micht remain to the
Terrour of the Enemy, or cllis that they fould reteir thamefelfis, with thair Or-
dinances, and Baners difplayed in Ordour ; bot the Witris of Men being
daflied, na Counlaill could prevaill. Thus we continewed from //Wwy^^ry, the
laft of Ocfober^ till Mononday, the fifth of November ; never two or thrie abyd-
jng firm in one OpinioUh the Sp.lce of twenty four Hours. The pefti'lent Wittes
L I B. 1 i . of Rcligioim in Scotland. 1 5? j
of the Queinis Tra^eilours did then excrcis thamefelfis ( God fall recompencc
thair malicious Craft in thair awn Bolomc, wc dout not) tor they had taufit
two godly and fordward young Men, the Lairds of Feimberft and Ceffurde
qi:ho ones had glaidly joyned rhameftltis with us, to withdraw thamefelfis
and thair Friendis : The lame they did to the Erie of Mortnim^ nuha pro-
meifit to be ours, but did never planely joyne. They intyllt the Caprane of
the Calkll, todcny usSupporte, in Cais we wer perftwed. And finally, the
Counfaill of fum was no Jcs peliiferous aganft us, then was the Counfaill of A~
cbilofell as^^ali David, and his ditcomforred Souldiours. Raiide)., O Lord to
the Ji' liked according to thair Malice.
Upoun Momnday, the fyft of Novemher^ did the Frenche ilche out of Leyth
bctymcs, for keiping of the Viclucliis, quhilk fuid have cum to us; webein^--
truuled amongis ourtelfis, and fas laid is) devyded in Opinioiin, wer nether
circumfpect, quhen they did ifche, nether yit did we follow with fick Expedt-
tioun, as had bein meate for Men that wald have focht our Advantage ; our
Souldiours culd be Icairfly dung out of the Toun. The Erie ot'^lrnure
Lord Juiitej, and certane with thame, maid Haift ; mony honell Man than
followed, and maid fuche Diligence, that they caufit the Freiuhe once to retyre
fumqiihat affraycdly. The rell that war in Leyth^ pcrceaving the Danger of
thait Fellows, ifched out for thair Succours. The Erie of Arrjiie, and " Lord
James foirfaid, being more fordward nor proudent and circumfpeft, did com-
pell the Capfanes,as is alleged, to bring thair Men fo neir,that eyther they muft
neids have hafirded Battell with the haill Frencke Men (and that under the Mer-
cie of thair Cannones alfbj or ellis they mull ncidis retyre in a very narrow
Comer : For our Men wer approched neir to Reftalrig. The one Parte of the
F/fw/'f Men wer upoun the North towards the Sey,theuther Part marched from
Leyth to Edinbiirghe -^ and yit they marched fua, that we could have fochten
■with nether Cumpanies, befoirthey fould have joyned. We tuk Purpois thare-
toir, to retyre towards the Toun, and that with Expeditioun, left that the for-
mer Cumpany of the Frenche (buld eyther have invaded the Toun, befoir that
we could have cunied to the Refkcw thareof, or ellis have cutted us off from
the Entres of the Ahh^y of Kilynidl-oiiSy as appeirandly they had done, gif the
Laird of Graiuge and Alexander ^ibyt/aw^ with a few Horfmen, had not ftaycd
bothe thair Horfmen and Futemen. The Cumpany that was nixt us perceaving,
that we rcteired with Speid, lent forth thair Skirmifcharis, to the Number of
thrie or four hundreth, quho tuk us at ane Diladvantage; befoir us having the
Myre of Rejialrig betwixt us and thame ; fo that one no Ways we could
chairge thame; and we wer indofed be the Park-dyke, fo that in no Ways
culd we avoyd thair Schote : Thair Horfmen followed upoun our Taills,
and flew divers, our Horfmen overraid our Futemen ; and fo be Reflbun of
the Narrownes of the Place, thare was no Refiftance maid. The Erie of ^z--
raue and Lord "James., in grit Danger, lichted among the Futemen, exhrrting
thame to have fum Refpe6l to Ordour, and to the Saifty of thair Brethren,
whomc, be thair flying, they exponit to Murther, and fo wer criminall of
thair Deithe. Captane Alexander Halyhiotoun., a Man that feired God, taryed
with certane of his Souldiours behind,and maid Refifiancc, till that he was firft
fchote, and then taiken. Bot being knawn, thefe cruell Murtherers woundic
him in divers Partis to the Deyth ; and yit, as it war be the Power of God,
he was brocht in to the Toun, quhare in few, bor yit maift plain Words,
he gave Confeflioun of his Fayth, teftifeing, 'Jkat be douted nothing of God's
B b b 2. Murctty
1^2 The Hi/hrie of the Re format kun Lib. 1 1.
Mercie^ fur chafed to him he the Elude of Chrift Jefiis^ nether yit that he repented^
that it pleijit God to mak him ixjorthie to fched Fa Ehide^ and [fend his Lyif in
the Defence of fo glide a Cam. And thus with Djlour of mony, he ended
his Dolour within two Hours efcer the Defate, and did enter, we dout not,
in that blifTit Imortality, quhilk abydes all that beleve in Chriit Jefus trewly.
Thare was (lain to the Number of 24 or 30 Men, the maift Pare pure. Thare
war taiken the Laird of Pitmillie^ the Laird of Fairnie younger, the Malier of
Buchan, George Lowell of Ditiidie, and fum utheris of lower Eftaif. Johne Dum-
lare Lieutennent to Captane Mowat. Captane David Murray had his Hors
flain, and himfelf fchote in the Leg.
Few Day is befoir our firft Defate, quhilk was upoun Mhallow-evin, JVil,
Ham Maitland of LethiKgtoun younger, Secretair to the Quein, perceaving him-
felt not onelie to be (ufpefted, as one that favourit our Parte, bot alio to itand
in Danger of his Lyif, gif he (buld remane among fo ungodlie a Cumpanye j
tor quhenfbevir Matteris come in Queftioun, he fpairit not to fpeik his Con'
(cience, quhilk Libertie of Toung and Gravetie of Jugement the Fremhe did
liichelie difdane: Quhilk perceaved be him, he convoyed himfelf away in a
Morning, and randerit himfelf to Mr. Kirkcaldie hz'nd of Grange^ quho com-
ing to us, did exhort us to Conftancie, afTuring us, that in the Quein thair
was nothing bot Craft and Deceait j he travellit exceidinglie to have reteined
the Lordis togither, and maift prudentlie layed betoir thair Eyis the Danger
that micht enfew thair departing of the Toun, bot Feir and Dolour had fb
(eafit the Hairtis of all that they culd admit no Confblatioun, The Erie of
Arane und hord James offered to abyid, gifony refTonabill Cumpanye wald
abyde with thame ; bot Men did fo fleiii away, that the Wit of Men culd
not flay thame, yea, fum of the gritteft determined plainlie that they wald
not abyid. The Captain of the Caflell, then Lord Er/kin, wald promeis un^
to us no Favours, bot (aid, He mufl neidis declair himfelf Freind to thois
that wer abill to fupporte and defend him. Quhilk Anfwer gevin to the Lord
James his Sifter Sone, difcouragit thois that befoir had determined to have
biddin the uttermofi, rather than to have abandoned the Toun, fo that the
Caftell wald have ftude thair Freind : Bot the contrair declaired, everie Man
tuk Purpois for himfelf. The Complaints of the Brethrein within the Toun
of Edinburgh was lamentabill and fore : The Wickit than began to fpew out
the Vennonie quhilk befoir lurked in thair cankerit Hairtis : The godlie,
alfweill thois that wer departit, as the Inhabitantis of the Toun, war fo
troubled, that fum of thame wold have preferrit Deyth to Lyif at Godis Pie-
four. For avoyding of Danger, it was concludit, That they fuld departe at
Midnicht. The Duik maid Provifioun for his Ordinance, and caufit it to
be fent befoir, bot the refl was left to the Cair of the Captane of the Cafiell,
quha receivit it, alfweill that quhilk perteinit to "Lord James^zs that of Dundie.
The defpytfull Toungis of the Wickit raylled upoun us, calling us Traytors and
Heretyikis; everie ane provoked uther to cafi Stones at us : One cryit, allace
that I micht fie ; an uther, Fy geve Advertei(rnent to the Frenchemen, that
thay may cum, and we fall help to cut the Throts of thir Hereryikis. And
this, as the Sword of Dolour pafTit throw our Hairts, fo war the Cogitatiounis
and former Determinatiounis of mony Hairtis then reveillit : For we wald
nevir have belevit that our naturall Countreymen and Wemen could have
wifchit our Diltruftioun fo unmercifullie, and have fo rejoyced in our Ad-
veffitie, (God move thair Hairts to Repentance) for elhs we feir that he.
quhois
Lib. II. of Rcligiotm in Scotland. 1513
quhois Caus we iuftein, fall lat thame feill the "Wccht of rhe Yock of cruell
Str..ngcars, in quhois Handis they wilchit us to have luin betrayit. We
ftuyed not till we come to Strrjcliiig^ quhi!k we did the Dny cfter that we
dtpai tit from E^'nibiirgh^ for it was concludit, that thair Confultatioun (buid
be taikin, quhat was the nixt Remedie in Co difpcrat a Matter.
The nixt IFediiefiiy, quhilk was the 7th of November, Jobne Knox prcichic
(Joint JVtllock was departit to Ingland, as befoir he had apointed) and intreat-
td the 4th, ;th, 6th, 7th and SthVerficles of the Ixxx Pfalme, quhair Z)jW
in the Perlbne of the afflicfted Pcpill of God, fpeiks thus.
4. O thaw the EterneU, the God of Hoi/Us, how lang fall thorji he angr'ie againji
the Prayer of thy People. 5. Thow bes fed us •with the Breid of 'tear u and
hesgeviii tous Tearis to drink in great Meafitre. 6. Thow kes maid us a Stryif
vnto our Nychhurs, and our Enemies laugh us to Scorne among thamefelfis.
7. 0 God of Hoiftis turne us agane, mak thy Face to fchyne, and 'xe fall he
faved. 8. Ihow hes brocht a Vine out of Egypte, tbo--M bes caft out the Hea*
then and planted it.
This Pfalme had the (aid Johne begun in Edinburgh, as it war foirfcing
our Calamiteis, quhilk in verie Deid he did not obfcurelie fjieik, bot plainlie
did admonifche us, that he was afiured of Trubles fuddanely to cum ■ and
tharefoir exhortit all Men to Prayers. He intreated the thre firft Verfcs in
Edinburgh, to theComfort ofmony. He declared the Argument of the Pfalme
affirming for his Jugement, That it was made be David himfelf, quho in
the Spriet of Prophecy foirlaw the miferabill Eflait of God's Pepill, efpecially
efter that the Ten Trybis war devydif, and departit from the Obedience of
Juda ; For it was not ffaid he J without Caus, that Jofephe, Ephraim, Benjamin
and Manaffes war efpecially named, and not Juda, to O/'/Vjbecaus thay cam firft to
Calamity, and war tranflated from thare awen Heritance, quhill that Juda,
yit poffefTit the Kingdome. He confeflit that juftly thay war punifched for Ido-
latry comitted ; bot he affirmed,That amongs thame thare continually remained
flim trew Worfchippers of God, for quhos Comfort war the Propheittis fend
alfweill to call thame to Repentance, as to affurc thame of Deliverance, and
of the Promeis of God to be performed unto thame. He de\7dit the Pfalme
in thre Partis, to wit. In a Prayer. 2. In the Grund quhareupoun thare
Prayer was foundir. 3. And in the lamcntabill Complaints, and the Vow quhilk
they maik to God, Thare Prayer was, That God fould convert and turne
thame, that he fould mak his Face to fchyne upoun thame, and that he fould reftoir
tham to thair former D'gmtic. The Groundis and Foundatiounis of thare Prayer
was, 1. That God himfelf had beaime Pal^our and Governour unto thame.
2. That he had taikin the Proteftioun of thame in his awin Hand. 3. That
he had chofin his Habitatioun amongs thante. 4. That he had delivered
thame from Bondage and Thraldomc. ;, That he had multiplyit and blifTit
thame with mony notable Benediftiounis. Upoun thofe two Parts he gave
thefe Nottes,
Firft, That the Felicity of God's Pepill may not be meafured be ony ex-
temall Apeirance ; for oftentymes it is. That the fame Pepill, to quhome
God becumes not onelie Creatour, bot alfo Paftour and Proteftour, is more
C c c feve
194 The Hiftorie of the RejormatioHn Lib. IL
feverely intreated, than thos Nations quhare very Ignorance and Contempt of
God rigneth.
SeciinSe That God nevir made his Acquaintance and League with 6ny
Pepill be his Word, bot thare he had fum of his Eleft, quho albeit they fuC
ferit for a Tyme in the myds of the Wicked, yet in the end they fand Com-
fort and felt in verie Experience, that Gods Promeifes ar not vane.
1'hridlie That the(e Prayers war dyted unto the Pepill be the Holy Ghoftj
before they came to the uttermoft of the Trubill, to aflure thame that God,
be quhos Spreit the Prayer was dyted, wald not contempt the fame in the
middes of thare Calamities.
The thrid Parte, conteining the lamentable Complaint, he entreated in
Strml'mg^ in Prefens of my Lord Duck, and of the haill Counfail.
In Expofitioun. quhareof, he declared quharefore God futfered (umtymes
his chofen Flock to be exponit to Mockage, to Dangers, and to apeiring Di-
ftruclioun to wit. That they may feill the Vehemency of God's Indignatioun ;
that they may knaw how litill Strenth is in thameftlfis ; that they may leve
a Teftimony to the Generatiouns following, alfweill of the Malice of the
Devill agans God's Pepill, as of the marvelous Works of God in preferving
his litell Flock by far uther Means than Man can efpy. In explayning thefe
Words, How laiig, 0 Lord, will thow be augrie againft the Prayer of thy People ;
he declared how dolorous and fearful! it was to fecht againff that Tentatioun,
that God turned away his Face from our Prayers, for that was nothing ellis
than to comprehend and conceave God to be armed to our Deflruffioun ;
quhilk Tentatioun no Flefche can abyde nor overcum, unles the mychty Spirit
of God interpone the felf fuddanely.
The Exampill he gave, The Impatience of Saull, quhen God wald not
bear his Prayers. The Difference betwix the Eleft and Reprobate in thatTen-
tatioun,he plainely declaret to be,that the Ele6f fufteaned be the fecret Power
of God's Spirit, did ftill call upounGod, albeit he appearet to contemne thare
Prayers : Quhilk (faid he) is the Sacrafice maift acceptabill to God, and is
in a maner evin to fecht with God, and to overcum him, as Jacob did in
wraftelling with his Angell. Bot the Reprobate ffaid he^ being denyed of
thare Requef^es at God's Hand, do eyther ceas to pray and altogether con-
temne God, quha ftraitly comands us to call upoun him in the Day of cur
Adverfity, or ells they feke at the Devill, that quhilk they cannot obtean of
God.
In the fecund Parte, he declaret how hard it was to this corrupt Nature
of ours not to rejoyce and put Confidence in the Self, quhen God gevis Vi-
ftory • and tharefore how neceflary it was that Man be Affliftioun fbuld be
brocht to the Rnawlege of his awn Infirmity, leaft that puft up with vane
Confidence, he mak ane Idoll of his awin Strenthe, as did Ring Nehuchadnefar.
He did greavely difput upoun the Nature of the blind Warld, quhilk in all
Ages hes infblently rejoylTit quhen God did cheftin his awn Children, quhos
Glory and Honour, becaus the Reprobate can nevir fie, tharefore they defpife
thame and the wondrous Work of God in thame. And yet,faid he,the Joye and
Reioyfing of the Warld, is bot mere Sorrow, becaus the End of it tends to
iuddane Def^ruftioun, as the ryotous banqutting of Baltafchar decleareth ; ap-
plying thefe Heids to the Tyme and Perfons (he faidj if none of God's Chil-
dren
Lib. II. of Rcligiom in Scotland. i^^
dren had fuflfered before us the fame Injureis that prefcntly we fLiftcane,
thes our Trubles wald appear intollerabill ; fuche is our tender Delicacy, and
Self love of our awn Flelche. That thefe Things quhiik we lichtly pas over
in uthers, we can gritly complayne of, if they tuitchc ourfelfis. I dout not
bot thatfum of us haveoftennar nor anes red this Pfalme,as alfb we have hard
and red the Travells and Trubells of our Forefathers. Bot quhiik of us, ey-
iher in hearing or reading thare Dolours and Tcntatiouns did (a dcfcend into
ourfelfis that we felt the Bitternes of thare PalTiouns ? I think none. And
tharefore hes God brocht us to (urn Experience in our awn Ferfbns.
Bot yit hecaus the Matter may appeir obfcour, unles it be more properly
applyed, I cannot bot of Confcience u(s fuche Flainnes, as God fall grant un-
to me. Our Faces ar this Day confounded, our Enemies triumphe, our Hairts
have quhaiked for Feir, and yit they remain opprefTit with Sorrow and Schame.
Bot quhat fall we think to be the very Caus, that God hes thus dejeflcd us ?
Gif I fould fay. Our Synes and former Unthankfulnes to God, I fpeik the
Treuthe ; bot yit I fpeik more generally then NecefTity requires : For quhen
the Synes of Men arrebuikedin generall, feldom it is that Man defcendes in-
to himfelf, accufing and damning in himfelf that quhiik moft difpleifefhe Godj
bot rather he douts that to be a Caus, quhiik befbir God is na Caus indeid.
As for Example, The Ifraelittes^ fechring aganes the Trybe of Benjamin^ wer
twyfe dilcomfited, with the Lofe of fourty thoufand Men. They lamented
and bewaillit bothe firit and lafl: ; bot we find not that they came tn the
Knawlege of thair Offence and Syne, quhiik was the Caus that they fell in the
Edge of the Sword ; bot rather they douted that to be the Caus of thair Misfbr"
toun,quhilk God had comanded : For they afked. Sail we go and fed: t any moir
againft our Brethrein the Sones of Benjamine ? Be quhiik Queflioun it is evi-
dent that they fuppoifed, that the Caus of thair Overthraw and Difcomfitours
■was, becaus they had lifted the Sworde againfl thair Brethrein and naturall
Cuntreymen ; and yit the exprefs Command of God, that was given unto
thame, did deliver thame from all Cryme in that Cais. And yit no dout bot
that thare was flim Caus in the Ifraelltes^ that God gave thame fb over in the
Hands of thefe wickit Men, againft quhome he (ent thame, be his awn ex-
pres Comandment to execute his Jugementis. Suche as do weill mark the
Hiftory, and the Eftait of that Pepill, may eafily fie the Caus, quhy God was
offended. All the haill Pepill had declyned from God, Idolatry was mantein-
ed by a comoun Content of the Multitude, and, as the Text fayethe, Everte
Man did that quhdk appeired glide in bis aix;in Eyis. In this mein Tyme, the
Levite complained of the Villany that was done to himfelf, and unto his Wyfe,
quhiik oppretTed be the Benjaminites of Gihabe, dyed under thair filthy Luflisj
quhiik horribill Faft inflamed the Hairtis of the haill Pepill, to tak Vengeance
upoun that Abhominatioun, and tharein they offended not ; bot in this they
failled, that they go to execute Jugement againfl the Wicked, without ony
Repentance or Remors of Confcience, for thair awn former Offences, and
Defeftioun from God. And farder, becaus thay war a grit Multitude, and
the uther far inferiour to thame, thay trufted in thair awn Srrenthe, and thocht
thamefelfis abill yneuche to do thair Purpois, without ony Invocatioun of the
Name of God : Bot efter that thay had twyce provin the Vanity of thair awin
Strenthe, they faffed and prayed, and being humblit befoir God, they recea-
ired a more favourabill Anfwer, ane alTuired Promeis of the Viftory. The
lyk may be amongis us, albeit that fuddanely we do not efpy it; And to the
C c c 2 End,
iq6 The Hi/hrie of the Reformatioun Lib. II.
End that every Man may the better examin himfelf, I will devide our haill
Cumpany in two Sortes of Men, the one ar thofe that from the Beginning of
this Truble have (ufteined the comoun Danger with thair Brethrein, the uther
be thofe, quhilk be laitly joyned to our Fellowfchip. In the one and the u-
ther 1 feir, juft Caus fall be found, that God fuld thus have humillit us. And
albeit that this appeir ftrange at the firft heiring, yit gif every Man fall ex-
amyn himfelf, and fpeik as that his Confcience dyttis unto him, I dout nor,
bot he fall fubfcryve my Sentence. Lat us begin at our felfis, quha langeft
have continewed in this Battell. Quhen we war a few Number in Compari-
foun of our Enemies, quhen we had nother Erie nor Lord ( a few excepted ^
to comfort us, we called upoun God, and tpke him for our Proteftour, De-
fence and onely Refuge. Amongft us was hard no braging of Multitude, of
our Strenthe, nor Pollicy j we did onely fob to God, to have Reipaft to the
Equity of our Caus, and to the cruell Perfute of the tyrranefuU ' Enemy. Bot
fmce that our Number hes bein multiplyed, and cheifly fince my Lord Dukis
Grace with his Freindes have bein joyned with us, thare was nothing hard,
bot This Lord will hi lug thefe many himdreth Speirs j this Man hes the Credtte to
perhoaid the Ciintry ; gif this Erie he ours, iia Man in fick a Boundis will
irubell us. And this the beft of us all, that befoir felt God's potent Hand to
our Defence, hath of late Dayis ^mFlefche to he our Airme. Eot quhairin yit had my
Lord Dukis Grace and his Freides olfendit ? It may be that, as we have tru-
jflit in thame, fo thay have put to muche Confidence in thair awn Strenthe.
Bot granting it be not fo ; I fie a Caus maift juft, quhy the Duke and his Freinds
fuld thus be confounded, amongis the reft of thair Brethrein, I have not yit
forgotten quhat was the Dolour and Anguifche of my awn Heairt, quhen at
Sanft Johneftoun, Couper-Mure and Edinhurghe-Craigis, thefe cruell Murtherars,
that now hes put us to this Difhonour, threatnit our prefent Diftruftioun;
my Lord Dukes Grace and his Freindes, at all thefe thre Journeyis, was to
thame a grit Comforte, and unto us a grit Diicurage ; for his Name and Au-
thority did more affray and aftonifche us, then did the Force of the uther ;
yea, without his AfTiftance, they never could have compelled us to apoint with
the Quein, upoun fo unequall Conditiouns. I am uncertane, if my Lord's
Grace hes unfaynedly repentit of that his AfTiftance to thefe Murtherars injuft-
ly perfewing us ; yea, I am uncertane, if he hes repented of that innocent
Elude of Chrift's blifruMartyres,quhilk was fched in his Default. Bot let it be that
fo he hes done, as I heir he that has confeffit his Fault befoir the Lordis and Bre-
threin of the Congregatioun ; yit I am affuredjthat nether he, nor yit his Freindes,
did feill befoir this Tyme the Anguifohe and Greif of Hairt, quhilk we felt,
quhen, in thair blind Furie, they perfewed us : And tharefoir God hath juftly
permitted bothe thame and us, to fall in this feirfuU Confijfioun at ones. Us, for
that we put our Truift and Confidence in Man ; and thame, becaus they fould feill
in thar awn Hairts, how bitter was the Cuppe quhilk thay maid uthers drink
befoir thame. Reftis that bothe they and we turne to the Eternell our God
f quho beitis down to Deyth, to the Intent that he may rays up again, to leive
the Remembrance of his wondrous Deliverance, to the Prays of his awn Name)
quhilk if we do unfaynedly, I no more dout, bot that this our Dolour, Con-
fufioun and Feir fall be turned into Joy, Honour and Bauldnes, than that I
dout, that God gave Victory to the Ifraelites over the Benjaminites, efter that
twys with Ignominy they war repulfed and dung back ; yea, quhatfoever fall
becumof us, and of our mortal! Carcafes, I dout not bot that this Caus (in
Defpyte
Lib. II. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 1^7
Defpyte of Sathan ; fall prcvaill in this Realme of Scotland. For, as it is the
eterncU Treuthe of the Eternell Gcd, fo (kil it ancs frcvaill, houijcvtr for a
Tyme it is impugned. It may be, that God fall plague fum, for that they de-
lyte not in the Treuthe, albeit for warldly Refpcftis, they feim to favour it •
yea,God may tak fum of his deireft Childrein away befoir that thirEys fie p;rit-
ter Trubles ; bot nether fall the one nor the uther, fo hinder this AiJiioun bot
in the End it fall triumphe. '
This Sermon endif, in the quhilk he did vehementlie exhort all Men to
Amendment of Lyif, to Prayeris, and to the Warks ofCheritie. The Myndis
of Men began wonderfully to be erefted: And immediatly efter Denner
the Lordis pafTit to Counfaill, unto the quhilk the faid Jobne Kmx was callit*
to mak Invocatioun of the Name of God (for uther Preichers wer nane with
us at that Tyme ) in the End it was concludit, that fViUiam Mahhvid foir-
(aid fbuld pas to Londone^ to expone our Stair and Conditioun to the Quein and
Counceill, and that the Nobilmen fbuld departe to thair Quiet to the 1 6th
Day of December, quhilk Tj me was apointif to the next Conventioun in Stir-
lingy as in this our third Buik following fall be moir aniplie declaired.
Luke tipoun us^ 0 Lore/, in the Multitude of thy Mercies^ for •we ar brocht
evin to the Deip of the Dungeouu.
The End of the Secund Buik.
Ddd THE
Lib. III. of Kcligiom in Scotland. 19^
^^^^.
ii^4l':i:_:^. •»
THE
T H R I D B U I K
OF THE
Progres of trew Religioun
o.
WITHIN
The Realme of SCOTLJND.
FTER this our dolorous Departure trom Edinburgh^
the Fury and the Rage of the Fienche incrclTit : for
then durft nether Man nor Woman that profefTit Chrilt
Jefus within that Toun be fein. The Houles of the maift
honeft Men war gevin be the Quene to the Frenchmen
for a Fart of thare Reward. The Erie Botfr^ell by
Sound of Trumpet proclaymed the Erie of Jn/in Tray*
tour, with uther defpytfuU Words, quhilk all was
done for the Plefour, and be the Suggeftioun of the
Quene Regent, quho then thocht the Battell was wone without farder Reii-
ftance. Greit prafteifing fche maid for obteining the Caftcll of Edhihtrghe.
The French maid thare Faggots with uther Preparatiouns to aflTault the faid
Caftell, ether be Force or ells be Treff)un: Bot God wrocht Co potentlie
with the Captane, the Lord Er/Jtine, at that Tyme, that nether the Quene by
Flattery, nor the French by Treiloun prevayllit. Adverteifment with all
Deligence part to the Duke ofGuife^ quho then was King ot France (as con-
cerning Power to comand) requyring him then to mnk Epeditioun, if he
(lefyrit the full Conqueift of Scot/and; quho delayit no Tyme, boc with a
D d d s otvv
200 The Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. III.
new Armie Cent away his Brother Marquis d'Mufe, and his Cumpanie the
Maritickisy promeifing that he himfelf fuld follow. Bot the rychteous God,
quho in Mercy lukethe upoun the Affliftioun of thofe that unfaynedlie fob
unto him, faucht for us by his awin outftretchit Arme : For upoun ane Nicht
upoun the Coaft of Holland war drowned of thame auchtein Enfenyeis, (b
that oneiie reftit the Schip, in the quhilk war the two Principalis foirfaids,
with tliare Ladyis, quho violentlie drevin back agane to Deip^ were compel-
lit to confes, That God faucht for the Defence of Scothnd.
From Ingland returned Robert Melvin, quho paft in Cumpany to London with
the Secretary, a litell befoir Chrijimefs^ and brocht unto us certane Artickles
to be anfwered, as be the Contraft that efter was maid, more planely
fall appeir. Quhareupoun the Nobility conveined at Striveling^ and re-
turned Anfwer with Deligence. Quhareof the Frenche adverteifit, they mer-
chit to- LinlythgoWy quho fpullyeit the Duk's Hous, and v/aifted his Lands of Khi'
neilly and thairetter came to Sterling, quhare they remained certane Days. (Tlie
Duke, the Erles of Jrgylle and Glencairne, with thair Freinds, paft to Glafgow,
the Erie of Arrane and Lord James paft to Sanft Androis \ for Chairge was
gevin to the haill Nobility, Proteftanis, to keip thair awn Bodies, till that God
fbuld fend thame farder Support. ) The Frenche ruk Furpfe firft to aflault Fyfe;
for at it was thair grit Indignatioun. Thair Furpois was to have taiken, and
fortetfeit the Toun and Abbay, with the Caftell of Sanft Aidrois 5 and fb they
came to Culros, efter to Dumfermling, and then to Bnmtilandj quhare they be-
gan to fort ; bot defifted tharefra, and merched to Kinghorney upoun the Occa-
fiounas follows.
Quhen certane Knawlege came to the Erie of Arrane and to Lord James,
that the Frenche wer departed from Strivelmg, they departed alfb from Sanft
Andro'iSy and began to alTemble thair Forces at Couper, and fent thair Mea of
Weir to Kinghorne, unto quhome thare refbrted divers of the Coaft-fide, of
iVlynd to refift rather at the Beginning, than quhen they had deftroyed a Parte
of thair Tounis. Bot the Lords had gevin ane expres Comandment, that
they fould hafard nothing, quhill that they thamfelves wer prefent. And
for that Furpois was fend unto thame the Lord Ri'thven^ a Man of grit Ex-
perience, and inferiour to few in Stoutnes. In his Cumpany was the Erie of
Sutherland, Cent from the Erie of Huntelie, as was alleaged, tocomforte the
iords in thair Afiliftiounis. But utheris quhifpered. That his princ'pall Com-
mifTioun was unto the Queue Regent. Howfbever it was, he was hurt ia the
Arme, by the Schote of ane Hakquebute ; for the Men of Weir, and the rafi
call Multitude, perceaving certane Bottis of Frenche Men landing, quhilk came
fi-om Leyth, purpoifit to flop thair Landing ; and fo, not confiddering the E-
nemies that approched from Bruntiland, unadvyfedly they rafchit down to
Petticur (fb is that Bey betwex Kinghorne called) and at the Seycoaft began
the Skirmifching; bot never tuk Heid to the Enemy that approchit by Land,
till that the Horfmen chairged thame upoun thair Backes, and the haill Bandes
came direilily upoun thair Faces ; and fb they war compelled to give Backes
with the Lofs onely of fex or fevin of thare Men, and with the talking of
fum, amongs quhome war two that profefTit Chrift Jefus, one namet Paul!
Lambert, a Dutcheman, and a Frenche Boy, fervent in Religioun, and clein
of Lyif, quhom in defpyte they hangit over the Stipell oC Kinghorne. Thow
fall revenge, O Lord, in thy appointit Tyme. The Caus that in fb grit a
Panger thare was fb fmall a Lois, nixt unto the mercifull Providence of- God,
was
Lib. III. of KcUgtcun in Scotland. 261
was the (liddane cuming of the Lord Ruthveit; for evin as our Men had ge-
vin back, he and his Cumpany came to the Held of the Bray, and did not
onelic ftay the French Futemen, hot alio dm of ours brack upoun thare
Horlmcn, and lb repulfit thame, that they did no tarder Hurt to our Fute-
men. In that Rencounter was the Erie of Siiiheylancl /bir(aid fchote in the
Armc, and was caryit back to Couper. The Fieucbe tuk Kwghnic, quhare
they lay and waiftit the Cuntrey about, alfweill Papirtis as Protcftanris; yea,
cvin thois that war confeddcrat with thame, fick as SeyfeiU^ Ealnuito^ Bal-
z-eiie, JVeims, and uther Enemies to Gcd and Traytours to thare Cuntrey ;
of thame, we fay, they (pairit not the Scheip, the Oxin, the Ky, the Horfes,
and (urn (ay that (um of thare Wyfes and Dochters gat Favours of the Freucle
Souldiours. And fo did God recompence the Papiftis in thare awin Bolbmis ;
for befydis the defoulling of thare Houfes,- as fiid is, two of thame refTavit
moir Dammage, then did all the Gentilmen that profefTit the Evangell withia
Fyif^ the Laird of Grange onelie exceptit, quhois Hous of the Gra'wge the
French overthrew by Gune-powdcr.
The Qucne Regent, proude of this Viftorie, burft furth in hir blafphemous
Raylling,and (aid, ^ihair vo'x is Johne Knox his God? My God is now ftraiig-
er than bis, yea ez'iii inFy'if. Sche poiftit to hir Freindis in France News
that Thoufandis of the Heretyikis war (]ain, and the relt war fled, and thare-
foir requirit that funi Nobiliman of hir Freindis wald cum and tak the Glorie
of that Viftorie. Upoun that Intbrmatioun was, the Martykis with two Schipis,
and (iim Captancs and Hors direftit to cum to Scotland^ but litill to thare
awin Advantage, as we (all efter heir.
The Lordis of the Congregatioun offendit at the Fulifchnes of the rafcall
Multitude, callit to thamefelfis the Men of "Weir, and remainit certaneDayis
at Couper, unto quhome repairit Johie Knox, and in our gritte(t Difperatioun
preicheit unto us a mairt comfortable Sermone : His Text was, Th Danger
VI qiihilk ihe Difciples of Jejus Urrift fiude qiiken they 'xar in the middis of the
^ey, and 'Jefus was upoun the Montane. His Exhortatioun was. That we fibuld
not faint, bot that we (buld (till row agains thefe contrarius Blaftis, till that
Jeftis Chrift (buld cum ; for, (aid he, I ame as a(ruredlie perfwaidit that God
(all deliver us from the extrem Tnjbill,as that I ame alfurit, that this is the E-
vangell Of Je(usChri(i,quhilk I preiche unto ycu this Day. The fourt IVatche is
fiot yit ctimit, abyde a litill, the Bote (all be (avif, and Peter, quhilk hes left
the Bote, fall not drown. I ameafibiif, Albeit I cannot affirme yow be Re(^
foun of this prefent Rage, Gcd grant that ye may acknawlege his Hand,
efter that your Eyis have fein his Deliverance.
In that Sermone he comfortit mony ; and yit he offendit the Erie of Jr~
ram; tbr in his Difcours upoun the raani(a!d Afiaultis that the Kirk of Gcd
had (ultened, he brccht for Exemple the Multitude of Strangears that per-
fewit Jehofaphate elter that he had reformit Religioun. He intreatit the Feir
of the Pepill, yea, and of the King himfelf at the firft. Bot efter he affirmir,
That Jehojaphat was flout, and to declair his Curage in his Gcd, he comfbrtit
his Pepill and his Souldiours ; he came furth in the middis of thame, he fpak
lovinglie unto thame. He keipit not himfelf ((aid he) incloifit in his Cliaf-
mer, bot frcquentit the Multitude, and rejoyfTit thame with his Pre(ence, and
godlie Cbmforte. Thefe and the lyk Sentences tuk the laid Erie to be fpokin
in Reproche of him, becaus he keipit himfelf moir clois and folitarlie than
mony Men wald have wifchit.
E e e Efter
202 The Hiftorie of the Re/ormatioun
Efter thir Thingis, Decerminatioun was tane, that the Erie of Ara^^
and Lord James^ with the Men of Weir, and fum Cumpanie of Horfmen
(buld go to Dyfart^ and thare lay to wait upoun the Freiuhe, that thay di-
ftroyit not the Sey-coaft, as thay intendit utterlie to have done. The (aid
Erie, and Lord James did as they war apointit, albeit thare Cumpanie was
verie fmall; and yit they did fo valiantlie, that it paffit all Credibilitie ; for
21 Days they lay in thare Clay this; thare Buttis nevir came of: They had
fkirmafching almaift everie Day, yea, fum Days from Morne to Evin. The
Frenche war four thouland Souldiours, belydis thare Favouraris and Faftioun
in the Cuntrey. The Lordis wer nevir togither joc Horfemen, with a hun-
drethe Souldiours, and yit they held the Frenche fb bedie, that for everie
Hors they flew to the Congregatioun, they loft four Frenche Souldiours.
William Kirkcaldie of Grange^ the Day efter that his Hous was caftin doun,
fent his Defyance to Monfieur d'Ofell, and unto the reft, declairing that
unto that Hour had he ufTit the Frenche favourablie, he had favit thare Lyvis,
quhen that he micht have fufferit thare Throts to have bein cute ; bot fting
they had ufTit him with that Rigour, lat thame not luik for the lyk Favours
in Tymes to cume. And unto Monfieur d'Ofell^ he faid. He knew that he
isoald not get him in the Skirmifcheing^ hecam he hiew he was hot ane Coward :
Bot it micht he that he [odd quite him a Comoiin ather in Scotland or ellis in
France. The faid William Kirkcaldie, and the Maifter of Lindefay, efchaipit
monie Dangeris. The Maifter had his Hors flane under him, the faid William
was almoift betrayit in his Hous at Hallyairdis. Bot yit they nevir ceifTit, bot
Nicht and Day they waittit upoun the Frenche : They laid thamefelfis in a
fecreit Plaice with fum Gentilmen befoir the Day to wait upoun the Frenche^
who uffit comonlie to ifche in Cumpanies to feik thare Fray : And fb come
furth one Captane Batu with his hundreth, and began to fpoill j quhome the
faid Maifter (now Lord Lindefay^ and the faid William fufferit, without De-
claratioun of thamefelvis, or of thare Cumpanie, till that they had thame
more than a Mylle from Kinghorne, and then began the Horfmen to brek ;
quhilk perceavit, the Frenche altogither drew to a Plaice callit Glemis Hous,
and maid for Debait ; fum tuk the Hous, and uthers defendit the Clois and
Yaird : The Hafard appeirit verie unlicklie, for our Men had nothing bot
Speiris, and war compellit to licht upoun thare Feit : The uther waf with-
in Dykis, and everie Man had a Culvering j the Schoie was feirfull to mdnie,
and divers war hurt, amongis quhome war Robert Haumiltoun, and David Kirk*
caldie. Brother to the faid Laird, quho both war fuppoifit to have bein flain.
The faid Laird perceaving Men to faint, and begyne to recoule, faid, //, lat
us nevir leive efter this Day, that we fall recoule for Frenche Skyhaldis. And
fb the Maifter of Lindefay and he burft in at the Yett, and fb uthers followit.
The Maifter ftruk with his Speir at la Batu, and glanfing upoun his Harneis,
for Fiercenes flamberit almoft upoun his Kneis j bot recovering fuddanelie,
feftnit his Speir, and buir the Captane bakward, quho becaus he wald not be
taikin, was flain, and fyftie of his Cumpanie with him. They that war in-
to the Hous, with fum utheris, war favit, and fent to Dandie to be keipit.
This Mifchance to the Frenchemen, maid thame to be moir circumfpeft in
foraying abroade in the Cuntrey, and fb the puir Creatures gat fum Relief:
To furneis the Frenche with Vi6tuellis was apointit Captane Cullan, with two
Schipis, quho travellit betwix the South fchoir and Kinghorne for that Pur-
pois: For his Wages he fpulyeit Kinghorne^ Kirkcaldie^ and fa mekiU oiDyfert
as
Lib. III. of Rcligioun tn Scotland. 203
as he micht. For Remcdie quhairof, war apointit two Schipis from Ditndu"
AnHieitj S.iihif, a ftoutc Man and fervent in the Cans of Religioun, was the
principall. This fame Tyme arryvit the Martykis, quho without Delay landit
iiimrclf, his Cofferis, and the principall Gcntilmen that war with him atLeyth
!^.vi!:g the refUn the Schipis till better Oportunitie. Bot the laid Atidre^jj
and his Cumpanion flriking Saill, and making as they wald Anker hard bclyid
thame, burdit thame bothc, and caryit thame to Dutidie. In thame war got-
ten dim Hors, and mekill Harncis, u ith fum uther TriflTellis, bot of Money
we hard not. Heirat the Freuche oftcndit, avowit the Diftriiftioun of Sanft
jindrois and Diindie^ and lb upoun ane Monovday in the Morning, the 23d of
Janitare, they merchit from Dyfert, and paflit the Water of Leviii^ evir keip-
ing the Sey-coaft, by Reflbun of thare Schipis and Vic^uells, as laid is. A-
bout twell Hours they efpyit Schipis, Cquhilk war lein that Morning by us
that war upoun the Land, bot war not knawin) Moni'ieuv d'Ofell affirmit
thame to be Fremhe Schipis, and lb the Souldiours Triumpheif, Ichot thare
Voley lor Salutatioun, and merched fbrdward unto Kiiicraig^ feiring no Rcfi-
ftance.
Bot fchort efter the higVtfche Shipis met with Captane CuUen^ and /eafit him
and his Schipis, quhilk maid thame a litill to muis. Bot fuddanely came Mr.
Alexauder IVodde^ quho had bene upoun the Admirall, and alTured Monfieur
d'Ofelljlhat they war lugli/lbeiiieir, and that they war the Foir-rydaris of a "-ritter
Number that followed, quho wer lent for Support of the Congregatioun.
Thare micht have bene lein the Ryving of a Baird, and micht have bene hard
fick Defpyte, as cruell Men ufs to fpcw furthe, quhen God bryddilles thair
Fury. Wearines and the Nicht conftrayned thame to ludge thare; they Help-
ed fcarfly, becaus thair Schipis war taiken, in the quhilkis wer thair Vicluells
and Ordinance, quhilk they intended to have placed in Sanft Jvdrois. They
thamefelfis durft not ftray abroad to leik, and the Laird of JVehnis Cariage
quhilk lykways was cuming with FurneilTing unto thame, was ftayit • and
tharefoir bytymis in theMorning they reteired towardisA'/«^>?'or77f,and maid more
Expeditioun in one Day in returning, than they did in two in merching ford-
ward. The Storme, quhilk had continewed neir the Space of a Monethe, brak
in the very Tyme of thair reteiring; quhairby mony thocht thay fould have
bein ftayed, till that reflbnabill Cumpany mycht have bene alTemblcd to have
fochten thame ; and for that Purpois did JViUhim Kirkcaldie cutte the Brig of
luUibodye. Bot the Freuche^ expert yneuche in fick Fac^is, tuk doun a Ruffe of
a Paroche Kirk, and maid a Brig over the laid Water, called Dovane 5 and lb
they efchaiped, and came to Stirling, and thairefter to Leythe : Yet in thair Re-
turne they loft divers, among quhome thare was one quhois miferable End
we man rehers. As the Freiube fpullyed the Cuntrey in thair returning, ane
Captane orSouldiour, we cannot tell, bot he had a reidClocke and agiltMur-
riow, enterit upoun a pure Woman, that dwelt in the ^ihy^fyd, and began
to fpoille. The pureWoman offerit unto him fick Breid,as fche had rcdy prcpair-
ed, bot he, in na Wayis tharewith content, wald have the Meill and a litill
lalt Beif, quhilk the pure Woman had to fuftein hir awn Lyif, and the Lyves
of hir pure Childrein \ nouiher could Teirs nor pitifull Words mitigate the
merciles Man, bot he wald have quhatlbevir he micht cary. The pure Wo-
aran perceaving him fo bent, ar.d that he ftcupit down in hir Tub, for the
talking fbrth of fick Stuffe as was within it, firft coupit up his Heilles, fo that
his Held went down : And thairefter, quhidder be hirfelf, or if ony uthef
E e e a Cumpanie
204 ^/-'^ Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
Cumpanie came to helpe hir, bot thare he endit his unhapie Lyif ; God fo
puneifching his cruil Hairt, quho culd not fpair a miferable Woman in that
Extremity. Lat all feck Soiildiours recave fick Reward ( 0 Lord) feing thatthovt
art the Revenger of the oppreffit.
And now becaus, that from this Tyme fordward, frequent Mentioun will
be maid of the comfortable Supporte, that we in our gritteft Extremity recea-
ved, be God's Providence from our Nychbours of Inghwd; we think it ex-
pedient fimply to declair, by quhat Inftrumentis that Matter was firfi: moved,
and by quhat Meanis it came to pafs, that the Quein and Counfaill uf lug-
land fchew thamefelf is fo favourable unto us.
As Jobie Kiios had foirwairnit us, by his Letteris from Geneva^ of all Dan-
geris that he foirlaw, to infew our Interpryis ; fo quhen he came to Deip^ mynd-
fuU of the fame, and revolving with himfelf what Remedie God wald
pleis to offer,he tuk the Bauldnes to wryte to Sir WilUam Cuill Secretary oflng-
had, withe quhom the laid Jobne had bein befoir familiarlie acquaintit, intend-
ing thairby to renew Acquaintance, and fo to oppin farther of his Mynd. The
Tenour of hisfirft Letter followis.
The Spirit of Jugement ^ tVifdome and Sanftificatiouu, I ivifche unto yaw by Jefm
Chrift.
AS I have no Pleafour with long wryting to troubill yow (Rycht Ho-
norabill) whole Mynd I knaw to be occupied with mailt grave Mat-
teris, la mynd I not gritlie to labour by long Preface to conciliat your Fa-
vours, whiche I llippois I have alreddie (howfoevir Rumours brute the con-
trarie) as it becumeth ane Member of Chriftis Bodie to have of ane uther.
The Contentis tharetore of thefe my Prefents fall be abfolved in two Points.
In the former, I purpois to difchairge in breve Words my Confcience to-
wardis yow : And in the uther, ftmquhat muift I fpeik, in my awin De-
fence, and in Defence of that pure Flock of lare aflfembled in the maift god-
lie reformed Churche and Citie of the World, Geneva. To yow. Sir, I lay,
that as from God ye have receavit Lyif, Wiiciome, Honours, and this pre-
fent Eftait in the whiche now yow ftand, fo aucht yow wholie to imploy
the fame to the Advancement of his Glorie, who onelie is the Auftor of
Life, the Fontane of Wifdome, and who moft afluredlie doth and will
honour and glorifie thame, that with fimple Hairtis do glorifie hime J
which allace in Tymes paft yow have not done, bot being overcum with
comoun Iniquitie, yow have followit the Warld in the Way of Perditioun :
For to the fupprefling of Chrifts trew Evangell, to the ere61:ing of Idolatrie,
and to the fchedding of the Elude of Godis maift deir Childrein, have yow
bySilence confentit and fubforyvit. This your maift horribillDefeftioun frome the
Treuthe knawin, and once profefht, hathe God to this Day mercifuUie fpair-
ed. Yet to Manis Jugement he hathe utterlie forgottin and pardonit the
lame: He hathe not intreated yow as he hathe done uthers (of lyk Knaw-
lege) whome in his Anger (but yit moifl: juftlie according to thare Deferfis^
he did fohortelie ftricke efter thare Defeftioun. Bot yow, giltie in the lame
Offences, hathe he foflerit and prefervit, as it war in his awin Bofome, dur-
ing the Tyme of that moft miferable Thraldome of that profefTit Enemie of
God, mi(chevousM^z/7f; And now hathe he fet yow at fuche Libertie, as
the Furie of Gods Enemies cannot hurt yow, except that wiliinglie againft
his
IB.
III. of Kcligictin in Scotland. 205
h"s honour yew tak Flefour to confpire -with thame. As the Benefitc
vlhiche >ow have rcccavit is grit, To moft Gods Juftice require of yow a
thankhiU Hairt ; for leing that his Mcrcie hathe fpairit yow, being Tratour
to his Majtftie ; leing farther, that amongs your Enemies he hathe pre-
fervit yow; and laft, feing, that yow, worthie of Hell, he hathe promotit
vow to Honours, and Dignitic, of yow murt he require (becaufe he is juft)
ft Repentance for your former Defeftioun, ane Hairt myndfull of his
mercifull Providence, and a Will fo reddy to advance his Glorie, that evi-
dentlie it may appeir, that in vane yow have not receavcd thefc Graces of
God • to Performance quhareof, of NecefTitie it is, that carnall Wifdome
and warldly Follicie ( to whiche bothe yow ar bruitted to muche in-
clvned) geve Place to Gods fimple and naiked Treuthe : Very Love com-
pelUs me to fay, That excepte the Spirit of God purge your Hairt from that
Venncme, whiche your Eyis have fein to have bene Dcftruaioun to uthers,
that ^f w fall not long efchaip the Rtwarde of Difltmblers. Call to mynd
vshat jcwhard proclamcd, in the Chapell of Sanft Jatiies^ when this W^rOi
ot the firfl Plalme was intreated, Not fn, O Wicked, vot fo, hot as the Luft
^huh tie JJ'ynd toffelh, 8cc. And confidder, that now yow travell in the fame
Way whiche then they did cccupie ; plantiy to fpeik now ar yow in that
Eftait and Creditc, in the whiche yow fall eyther comforte the forrowfull
and afiliflit tor Rychteoufnes Saik, or ellis yow fall mokft and repbgne the
Spirit of God fpeiking in his MefTingers. The Comforters of the afHiaed for
Godlines, have Promife of Comfort in thare gritttft NecefTitics ; bot the
Troiblars of Gods Servants (how contemned that evir they ap.peir before
the Warld') ar tbrearned to leive thare Nrmes in Execratioun to the Pof^e-
rities following. The Exemples of the anc and the uthcr ar not onelie evi-
dent in Scriptures, bet alio have bene lately manifefted in Ingland. And this
is the Conclufioun of that, whiche to yourfelf, I fay ; except that in the
CaLS of Chrifts Fvangell, ye be found fimple, finceir, fervent, and unfayned,
yow fall taift of rhe fame Coupe, which politick Heids have drunken in be-
fore yow. J r r
The uther Point concerning myfelf, and that pure Flock now delperflr,
and as I heir fay, rudelie intreated, is this. By divers MefTingers I have
requeflit fuche Privileges as Tinkh comonlie do grant to Men of everie Na-
tio'jn, to -wit. That Frcdcme fould be grantit unto me peaceablie to travell
throuche InJauJ, to the end that with grittcr Expcditioun I micht repare to.
wards my awn Cuntrey, quhilk now begins to thrill for Chrifls Treuthe.
ThisRequeft I ihocht fo reflonabill, that almoft I had entered in theRealme,
•without Licence demanded ; and yet I underflude that it hath bene fo re-
jeaed, that the Soliflars tharcof did hardlie efchape Imprifbnment, and funi
of that pure Flccke I heir to be fo extremelie handled, that thos that moft
cruellie have fched the Blood of Gods mofl dear Children finds this Day a-
mongs yow greater Favors then they do. Allace, this appearethe muche to re-
pugne to Chrifliane Cherity ; for whatfoever have bene my Offence, this I
feir not to affirme in thare Caus, that if any whiche have fuffered Exylle in
thefe maift dolorous Days of Ferftcutioun, deferve Prays and Ccmendatjoun,
for Peace, Concorde, fober and quiet Leving, it is they. And as for me,
how criminall that ever I be in Gods Prelens, for the Multitude of my
Sinnes •, yet before his Juftice-fate I have a Teflimony of a clere Confcience,
that fince my firft Acquantance with hgJandj willingly I never offended Per-
F f f Com
20 6 The Hiftorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. III.
foun within it, fexcepte in oppin Cliayre, to reprove that whiche God con-
demnethe, can be juged Offence^ But I have, fay yow, wrirtin a treflbn-
able Buke againft the Regiment and Impyre of Women. If that be my Of.
fence, tlie pure Flocke is innocent (except fuche as this Day do fafteft cry
Treflbun) For Sir (in Gods Prefens I wryte) withe none in that Cumpanie
did I confult before the finifching of the fame. And tliarefore in Chrifts Name
I requyre, tliat the Blame may ly upoun me allone. The wrytting of that
Buke will I not deny ; but to prove it treflbnabil!, I think it fall be hard j
For Sir No more do I dout of theTreuth of my principall Propofitioun, then
that I doubt that this was the Voice of God, whiche firft did pronunce this
Penalty againft Wemen, In Dolour fall thow hear thy Children. It is bruited,
* That my Buke is, or fall be written againft. Gif fo be, Sir, I greatly feir.
That Flatterers (all rather hurt than helpe the Matter which they wald feim
to mantein : for except my Errour be planely fchawin and confuted be bet-
ter Authority than by fuche Lawis as from Year to Year may and do change,
I dar not promeis Sylence in fb weachtie a Bufinefs; leaft that in fo doing,
I fall appear to betray the Verity, quhilk is not fubjeft to the MutabiHty of
the Tyme. And if any think me ether Enemy to the Perfbun, or yet to
the Re^^iment of hir, quhom God hathe now promotir, they ar utterlie de-
ceaved of me, for the miraculous Work of God, comforting his afflifted by
ane infirme Vefchell, I do acknawlege, and the Power of his mofi potent
Hand (rayfing up quhome beft pleafith his Mercy, to foppres fuche as fight
aeainft his Glory) I will obey, albeit that bothe Nature, and Gods maift perfect
Ordinance repugne to fliche Regiment. More planely fo fpeak, gif Quene
Elizabeth (all confes, that the extraordinary Difpenfatioun of Gods grit Mercy,
maketh that lawfuU unto hir,whiche both Nature and Gods Law do deny unto
all Wemen ; then fall none in higland be more willing to mantean hir law-
full Authority then I fall be: Bot if (Gods wondrous Worke fet afyidj fche
ground (as God forbid) the Juftnes of hir Titil! upoun Coniuetude, Laws or
Ordinances of Men: Then I ame alTured, that as fuche foolifche Prefump-
tioun doethe heichelie offend Gods fupream Majeftyj fb do I greitly feare,
that hir Ingratitude fall not lang want Punifchment. And this in the Name
of the eternell God, and of his Sone Jefus Chrift (before quhom bothe yow
and I fall ftand to mak Account of all Counfaill we geve) I requyre yow to
fignifie unto hir Grace in my Name ; adding, That onelie Humilitie and De-
ieftioun of hirfelf before God, fall be the Firmity and Stability of hirThrdne,
quhilk I knaw fall be aftaltit mo Ways then one. If this ye concelle from
hir Grace, I will mak it patent to the Warld that this far I have communi-
cat with yow,haveing alfb farder to fpeik,if my weak Jugement may be hard.
Allace Sir, is my Offence falthocht in that Tyme, and in that Matter, I had
writtin ten Buikes) fb heynous, that I cannot have Licence by Preacheing of
Chrift Jefus, to refrefche thefe thrifty Saulls, which long have lacked the
Water "of Lyfe. No Man will I prefently accus, but I greatly feir, that
the Leprous have no Plefour to behald fair Faces m the cleir Glas. Lat no Man
be aifrayed, that I requir to frequent the Court, eyther yet of ony Continew-
ance to remane in Ingland; bot onely thrifts, in pafTing throuche to my awn
native Cuntrey, to communicat with yow, and fiim uthers, fuche Things as
willingly I lift not to comit to Paper, neyther yet to the Credite and KnaW*
lege of many. And then in the North Parts to offer Gods Favours, to fuche
^sl fuppois do murne for thare Defel^ioun. And this, 1 truft, lall be no
ies
Lib. III. of Rcligioun i?i Scotland. 207
!es profitable to hir Grace, and to all Godly within higlaii^^ then it fall be
pleifing to me in the Flefche.
This is thcthrid Tjmc, that I have begged licence to vifit the hungryrrd
thrifty among yow, whiche if now bedenyed, as befoir Gtd, 1 have a Te-
ftimony, that fb muche I fcik not myfelf, as the Advancement of Chnft's £•
vangell, and the Comfort of fuche, as whome I knc w allliL^cd ; (b fall the
Godly underfland, that hglavd^ in refuifing me, refuileth a Freind, hew fmail
that ever the Power be. The michty Spirit of the Lord Jefus mcve yotr
Hairt deiply, to confidcr your Devvty unto Gcd, and the Eliait of thaiRealmc
in whiche by his Apointmcnt ye now fen'c.
From De'ip the lo. of
Aprili iJi9. Yours to command in Godiines.
JOHNE KNOX.
To this Letter was no Anfvvcr maid ; for (chort thairefrer the faid 'Jolne
Knos maid fordward to ScotLvid be Sey, quhair he landed the thrid of Mciii •
and had fick Succes as in the fecund Bulk is declairtd. The laid Jolme being
in Snnft Aidrois^ efter Coiiper-nune, entered in deip Dilcours with the Laird of
G.-.ihge; the Dangeris war evident, hot the Support was not eafe to be ft in,
Efter mony Wordis Jobiie Knox burfted fui th as follows. //' Irgland waUi
foirfte their awn Comodii'te, yea, if they iiuald confidcr the Duvgei s, qnhainn
they thamefelfis ft and, they "xald not fiffer us to perifche in this ^larrell ', for
France hes decreit noles the Conqiieis oj Tngland then 0/ Scotland. Efttr long
Refloning, it was concluded betwix thame two, that Support fcjuld be cr?v(d
of Ingland : And for that Purpois the faid Laird of Grat.ge fi ft wrait to Sir
Harie Percie, and efter raid frcme Edinlwghe and fp^.k with him, tc quhrm
he maid fo plane Demonflratioun of the Danger appuring to Ingland, ri -f he
tuk upoun him to wryit to Secretary Cecill, quho with Expedituin returned
Aniwer back agane, geving him to underfbnd, that our Inrerpryis altogither
miflyked not theCounfeill, albeit they defj'red farder Refblutioun of the prin-
cipall Lordis. Quhilk Thing underftude, it was concluded to wry te unto him
plainly our haill Purpois. The Tenour of our Letter was this.
The firft Letter to Sir Williame Cicill frctii the Lordis of the Congregaitoim.
I"' HE Contentis of a Letter direfled by yow, Richt Worfchipfrll, to
Sir Earie Percie, was notified unto us, by Maifler Kirkcaldie ot'Grance^
this Sonday the 25th of JnUi, by the whiche we perceave, that the faid
Grange, of Zeall and faythfull Hairt, whiche he beirethe to the Firtherarce of
this our grit and ( befoir the Warld ) dangerous Interpryis, hes travelled with
yow, as with ane unfayned Favourer of Chrifi's trew Religioin, ar.d of the
Liberty of our Cuntry, for Knawlege of your Myndes towards us, in cafe we
be aflalted be ony forane Invaf:oun, or gritter Fewer then we be weill abill
to refifi Your ccmfortable Anfwer to this Queftioun we have crrf-dered, to
our Joy and Ccmforte, as alfb your Mcticuns, and qvhat ye dtm:.rd ; to
vvit, Qohat we, the Protefisnts within rlis Realme, do purpois ?. To w?at
End we meane to dirtft our Afliouns? How we will,and how we fall be jbill
to accomplifche the fame ? Quhat Dcubts we have of anie adverfarie Pother ?
F ff 2 And
2o8 The Hijlorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. III.
And finaUie, in cais Support fuld be fent from yow, quhat Maner ane Amity
micht en few betwix thefe two Realmes Qt;. ? To the whiche in breve we an-
fwer That our haill and onely purpois ( as knaweth God ) is to advance the
Glory of Chrift Jefus, the trew Preiching of his holie Evangell, w^ithin this
Realme ; to remove Superftitioun, and all Sort of externall Idolatry j to bry-
diU the Fury fto our Power ) of thefe that cruelly heirtofoir have (ched the
Elude of our Brethrein ; and to our uttermoft to mantein the Liberty of this
our Cuntrey, from the Tyrrany and Thraldome of Strangears, as God (all
affift us. How we be abill to accomplifche thefe Premifes, is to us unknawin ;
onely our Hope is gude that he that hath begun this gude Work in us, and hath
by his Power to this Hour confounded the Faces of our Adverfaries, will per-
forme the fame to his Glory, whiche cheifly we feik in this our Interpryis : Be-
caus we fuppois, that nether our prefent Danger, nether yit the warlyik Prepa-
ratioun, whiche France makethe againft us, be hid from yow nor the Counfaill,
we omit that Parte. As twitching the Affurance of a perpetuall Amity to
ftand betwix thefe two Realmes; as no erthely Thing of us is more defyred,
(b crave we of God to mak us the Inftruments, by whiche this unnaturall De-
bait whiche long hathe continewed betwix us, may once be compofed, to the
Prayfe of God's Name, and to the Comfort of the Faythfull in both Realmes.
And if your Wifdomes can foirfie and advyfe the Meanis and AfTurances, how
the fame may be brocht to pafs, perfwaid yourfelfis, not onely of our Con-
fents and Affiftance, bot alfo of our Conftancy, as Men may promeis, to our
Lyves End ; yea, and farder of a Chairge and Comandment, by us to be left
to our Pofterit}', that the Amity betwix us, in God contracted and begun, may
be by thame keiped inviolat for ever. As for the revolting from y6w to
france^ whiche yow feim to feir and fufpefl, at thair PlefTour ; we utterly
adhore that Infidelity ; for now doeth the Voice of God continewally found in
our Earis, That fuche as prophane the terrlbill and feirfull Name of our Gody fall
not efchape Vengeance. Our Confederacy, Amity and League (all not be lyik
the Pa«ftiouns maid be warldly Men, for warldly Profeit j bot as we require it
for God's Caus, fo will we incall his Name for the Obfervatioun of the fame.
Moreover, if we fbuld laik any Thing to temporall Comodity, yit fould we
never have Occafioun to return to thame ; for we now feill and perceave the
Weight of thair Yock, and intendis, be the Grace of God, to cut away fuche
Inflruments, as be quhome befoir this Realme was abufed. Trew it is, that as
yit we have maid no Mentioun of ony Change in Authority, nether yit ar we
mynded to do ony fuche Thing, till extreme NecelTity compell us thareto. Bot
feing it is more then evident, that France and the Quein Regent heir, withhir
Freirts, pretend nothing bot the fupprefTmg of Chrifi's Evangell, the Ruyne
of us, and the Subverfioun of this pure Realme ; comitting our Innocency to
God, and to the Jugement of all godly and naturell Men, we ar determinat to
feik the nixt Remedy, in whiche we hairrly defyre your Counfaill and AflTi-
fiance. And this far we have interpryfit, to mak yow participant of our Pur-
pois ; becaus in the faid Letter, yow required of the faid Mr, Khkcaldie
fum farther Affurance then his awn Word or Wrytting, whiche we dout not
bot ye fall fchortely receave from mo than from us. We dar no haiftely mak
the haill Afl'embly, nether of Lords, nether of Barrones, privy in this Cais,
for Dangeris that may enfew, by Pollicy and Craft of the Adverfaries ; your
Wifdomes, we dout not, will comnunicat thefe onely, with fuche as yow
knaw Favourers of fuche ane godly Conjunftioun. It fould muche helpe in
our
Lib. 111. of Rci:gwiin in ScOXX^LWd. 209
ourOpinioun, if the Preicheoiirs bothe in Perfwafioun and publift Prayeris ("as
ours do heir) wald commend the lam unto the Pepill. And thus, efter our
humbill Comendatioun to the Quein's Majefty, quhois Rigne we ddyre to be
profperous and lang, to the Glory of God, and Comtorteof his Chuiche we
hairtly comit yovv to the Proteftioun of the Omnipotent. *
Trom Edinburgh^ the 17. of Julii if;g.
With this our Letter, Joh/e Knox wrote two, ane to the (aid Secretary
and ane uther to the Queinis Majefty hirfeU; in Tenour as efter follows. *
Johne Knox l:is fecund Letter to Mr. CicilJ, for Deliverance of ane uther to tht
^tein of Ingland.
With my humbill Comendation, pleis yow Sir, to deliver this uther Letter
incloifed to the Quein's Grace. It contineth in few and in fimple words
my ConfelTioun, quhat I think of hir Authority, how it is juft, and quhaC
may mak it odious in God's Prefens. I heir that thare is a Confutatioun feC
furth in Print, againft The firft Blaft. God grant, that the Wryttar have' no
more focht the Favours of this prelent Eftait, no les the Glory of God and
the ftabili Comodity of this Cuntrey, then did he, quho interpryfit in that
BM., to utter his Confcience. Quhen I (all hzye Tyme Cwhiche now is
fumquhat precious unto me) to perufe that Work, I will communicat my
Tugement with yow.
The Tyme is now. Sir, that all that eyther thrift Chrift Jelus to rigne
in this Ylle,or yit the Hairts of the Inhabitantis of the fame, to be joyned
togither in Love unfayned, aucht rather to ftudy, how the fame micht be
brocht to pas, than vanely to travell for the Manteinance of that, quhareof al-
ready we have fein the Danger, and felt the Smart. If the moft Parte of
"Women be wicked, and fuche as willingly we wald not (buld rigne over us :
And if the maift Godly, and fuche as have rare Graces be yit mortal] we
ought to tak Heid, leift in eftablifcheing one judged Godly and pro(itabIe to
hir Cuntrey, we mak ane Entres and Titill to many, of quhome not onely
fall the Truthe be impugned, bot alfb fall the Cuntrey be brocht in Bondage.
God give yow, and uther Favourers of your Cuntrey, Eyes to foirfie and*
Wifdome to avoyd the Dangeris appeiring.
By divers Letteris, I have required Licence to have vifite the northe
Fartis of hgiand^bot as yit I have receaved no favourabill Anfwer. The lone-
er. Sir, that it be delayed, the les Comfort fall the Faythful! thare receave
the weaker fall the Quein's Grace be. If I war not to hir Grace ane un-
fayned Freind, I wald not inftantly beg (uche Liberty, whiche to me I knaw
fall neyther be prc(itable, nor pleiling in the Flefche. The Eftait of
Thingis heir comoun, I dout not ye knaw : Sum Things I have (as oft I have
writtin) quhilk gladly I wald communicate, whiche I mynd not to ccmic
to Paper and Ink ; find thairfoir the Means,that I may (peik with (liche one as
yow will credite in all Thingis. lie Grace of the Lord Jefus reft with yow.
I hairtly befeche yow, to have my Service humbly commended to the
Quein's Grace j adding, That quhofoever makethe me odious to hir G/ace,(eik-
2 I o "The Hijlorie of the Rcformatioun Lib. III.
ethe (limquhat befyids the Glory of God, and hir Graces Profperity j and thare-
foir cannot be aflured and unfayned Freindis. From, ^c.
The Letter fent be the (aide Johne^ to the Quein's Majefty of Iiighndy be-
ing incloifcd in the foirlaid Mr. Cicillis Letter.
To the Verteoiis and Godly Elizabethe, by the Grace of God^ ^tein of Ingland,
^c. Tohne Knox defyretbe the perpetiiall Comforts of the Holie Spirit.
AS your Graces Dilplefbur againft me, moft injuftly conceaved, hes bein^
and is to my wretched Hairt a Burden greavous, and almolt intolle-
rable • fb is the Teftifnony of a cleir Confcience to me a Stay and Uphald,
that in Difperatioun I fink not, how vehement that ever the Tentatiounis ap-
peir : For, in God's Prefens, my Confcience beirethe me Record, that mali-
cioufly, nor of Purpois, I never offended your Grace, nor your Realme : And
tharefoir howfbevir I be juged of Man, I am affured to be abfblved of him,
who onely knaweth the Secretis of Hairtis. I cannot deny the Wrytting of
a Buik againff the ufurped Authority, and injuff Regiment of Women ; nether
yit am I mynded to retreit, or call back ony principall Point, or Propofuioun
of the fame, till Treuthe and Verity do farther appeir. Hot quhy that either
your Graice, or yit Ony fuche as unfaynedlye favour the Liberty of Ingland,
be offended at the Author of fuche a Worke, I can perceave no juft Occafioun.
For firft., My Buik tuitched not your Graices Perfbne in fpeciall, neytlier yit is
it preiudiciall to any Liberty of the Realme, gif the Tyme of my Writting
be inditferently confidered. How culd I be Enemy to your Graices Perfbne,
for Deliverance quhareof I did more fludy, and interpryfe farther then ony of
thois that now accuis me ? And, as concerning your Regiment, how could,
or can I invy that ? whiche mofl I have thrifted, and for the whiche ( as
Oblivioun will futfer ) I render Thankis unfaynedly unto God, that is, 'T'hat it
hith pletfit htm of his eterneUGi4dnes.,to emit your Heade (^whiche fumtymes was in
Danger^ to the Manifeftatidimof his Glorie^andExtirpatiom of Idolatry. And as
for my Offence, whiche I have comitted againft Ingland^ eyther in wrytting
that or ony urher Worke, I will not refuis, that moderat and indifferent Mea
iuge and defcerne betwix me and thois that accuis me, to wit., quhither of the
Parties do moft Hurt to the Liberty of higland. I that afiirme, That no Wo-
man may he exalted over ony Reahne, to mak the Libert'te of the fame thrall to ct
Jtrange^ proud and cruell Natioim ; or, they that aprove quhatfoevir pleifes Princes
for the Tyme- If I wer alfweill difpoifed to accufe, as fum of thame CtQ
thair awn Schame) have declaired thamefelfis ; I nothing douf, bot that in
few Wordis I fall lat reflbnabill Men underftand, that fome that this Day
lawely crouche to your Grace,and labour to mak me odious in your Eyes, did,
in your Adverfitie, nether fchaw thamefelfis faythfull Freindis to Grace,nether
yit fb loving and cairfull over thair awn native Cuntrey, as they wald be c-
fteimed. Bot omitting the Accufatioun of otheris, for my awn Purgatioun,
and your Graices Satisfa6lioun, I fay, That nothing contained in my Buik, is
nor can be prejudicial! to your Graces juft Regiment, provyding that yow be
not fund ingrate unto God, ingrate yow fall be proven, in the Prefence of his
Throne f howfbevir that Flatterars juftifie your Faftioun) if yow transfer the
Glory of that Honour, whiche ye now ftand in, to any urher Thing, then to
the Difpenfaiioun of his Mercy, whiche onely makethe that lawful! to your
Graice,
Lib. III. of Kdigtoim in Scotland.
211
Graicc, whiche Nature and Law dcnyethe to all Women. Nether wald I,
that your Grace lould feir, that this your Htmiliatioun befoir Gcd Ichculd in
ony Cais infirme or waikin your Graces juft and lawfuii Authority befoir
Men. Nay, Madame, fuchc imfayned Confeflioun ot God's Btnefites receaved
fall be the Eftablilchtment ofthe Irme, not onely to yourftlf, hot al(b to your
Seid and Pofterity: Where contrarywyfe, a proud Conccate and Elevatioun of
yourfelf, fall be the Occafioun, that your Rigne fall be unftabill, troublefum and
fchorte. God is Witneft, that unfaynedly I both love and reverence your Grace •
yea, I pray, that your Rigne may be long, profperous and quiet, and that for the
Quietnes, which ChnfVs Membcris, befoir perfecuted, have receaved under
yow.
Bot if I fbuld flatter your Grace, I wer no Freind, hot a deceavable Tra-
tour ; and rharefore of Confcience I ame compelled to fay. That nether the
Confent of People, the Proces of Tyme, nor Multitude of Men, can efkblifche
a Law whiche God fall approve j bot quhatfbevir he approvethe by his eter-
nell Word, that fall be approved, and quhatfbevir he condamneth, fall be con-
damned, thoch all Mtn in Earthe wald hafard the Juf^ificatioun of the fame.
And tharefore, Madame, the onely W^ay to refein and keip thefe Benefites of
God, aboundandly of iait Days poured now upoun yow and upoun your Re-
alme, is unfaynedly to rander unto God, to his Mercie, and undelerved
Grace, the wholl Glory of this your Exaltatioun : Forget your Birthe and Ty-
till whiche thearupoun doth hing ; and confidder deiply. How for feir of your
Lyfe yow did declyne from God, and bow to Idolatry. Let it not appeir
ane fmall Offence in your Eyis, that yow have dcclynit from Chrift Jefus, in
the Day of his Battell. Nether yet wald I that ye fbuld erteim that Mercie
to be vulgare and comoun whiche yow have receaved, to mt, that God hath
covered your former Offence, hathe preferved yow when yow war moft un-
thankfull ; and in the end, hes exaltit and rayfit yow up, not onely from
the Dull, bot alfb from the Ports of Deyth, to rulle above his People, for the
Comfort of his Kirk. It apperteinethe to yow tharefore, to ground the Tu-
ftice of your Authority, not upoun that Law, whiche from Yeir to Yeir doethe
change, bot upoun the efemell Providence of him, who, contrair to Nature
and without your delcrving, harhe this exaltit your Heid. If thus in Gods
Pretence ye humbill your felf, as in my Hairt I glorifie God for that refl
grantit to his sfTlifted Fleck within hgJavd^ under yow a waik Inftrument -
(o will I withToung and Pen jurtifie your Authoritie and Regiment as the
Holie Ghofl hathe juflificd the fame in Dehra^ that blefCt Mother in Ifrael.
Bot gif the Premifes (as God forbid) neglectit yow fall begin to brag of your
Birthe, and to build your Aufloritie and Regiment upoun your awn Law
(flatter yow who fo liitj your Felicitie fail be fchorte. Interprete my rude
"Words in the beff Parte, as writtin be him, who is no Enemie to your Grace.
By divers Letters I have requirit Licence to vifite your Realme, n6t
to feik myfelf, nether yet my awn Eas or Commoditie ; whiche geve ye nrw
refuis arri deny, I nruft remit my Caus to Gcd, adding this for CcrclLfioun
that ccmounly it is fein, That juche as refuis the Cov.r.jaUl of the faythfidl (ap-
feir It i.tvir fo Jclrairpe) ar ccwfellit to jollcfw the Deceate of Flatteieris to thair
aiiin Perditiom, The michty Spirit of the Lord Jefus move 3ciir H?irt to
underftand quhat is faid, gif unto yow the Difcretioun of Spirits, and fo reull
yew in all your A6tiouns and Interpryfis, that in yew God msy he g'rrifeir
his Rirk edifeir, and yow your felf, as a lively Member of the fame, may be
G S s 2 an
212 The Hijhrie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
an Example of Vertue and godly Lyfe to all uthers. So be it. O^ Edinhmgti
the 28. Day oijid'n IJ59.
Thir Letters war direflit to Alesdnder ^ihythw^ a Man that oft fees hia-
xardit himfelf, and all that he had, for the Caus of God, and for his Freinds
bein"' in Danger for the fame Caus. Within a Day or twa efter the Depar-
ture of the laid Alexander^ thare come a Letter fra Sir Harie Perde to Johne
Knox requyring him to mete him at Anwick the thrid of Augitft^ for fuche
Affairs as he wald not write nor yet comunicat with ony, bot with the faid
Jolme himfelf Quhill he was preparing himfelf for his Jurney ffor Secretary
Cicill apointed to have met him at Stamfourd) the Frenchemen came furioufly
*|t|| forthe ofDmithar, of Purpois to have fuppryfit the Lords being in Ed'inhurghe,
as ia the fecund Buik before is declared, quhilk f^ayit the Jorney of the faid
Johney till that God had delivered the Innocents from that grit Danger, and
then was he, having in his Cumpany, Mr. Robert HaimUtoun Minifter of the
Evangell of Tefus Chrifl, direfted fi-om the Lords, with full ComifTioun and
Inftrucliouns to expone thare haill Cais and Eflait quharein they ftude. Thair
Paflage v/as from Pettinweim by Sey ; they arryvit at HoUe-iland^ and being
adverteifit that Sir Hark Percie was abfent from the Northe ; they addreltit
thamefelfis to Sir "James Croftis^ then Captane of Berwick, and Wardane of
the Eifi-merches of higknd. They fchew unto him thair Credite and Com-
miffioun • he receaved thame gently, and comfortit thame with his faythfull
Counfaill whilk was, That thay fbuld travell no farther, nouther yet fbuld
*hey be fein in publi6l, and that for divers Confideratiouns. Firft, The Quene
Regent had hir Efpyellis in higland. Secmdlie, The Quene and the Counfaill
that favourit our Aclioun, wald that all Things fbuld be fecrete fa lang as
they micht. And laft, (faid hej I think it not expedient, that in fick Ra-
retie of Freicheours, ye twa be ony lang Tyme abfent from the Lords. And
tharefbre (faid he) ye fall do befl to comit to wrytting your haill Mynd
and Credite, and I f^U promeis to yow upoun my Honour, to have Anfwer
at yow, and at the Lords agane, before that ye yourfelfis can be at Londom.
And quhare that your Letters cannot expres all Things fb fullie, as your Pfe-
(ence culd, I fall fupplie the fame, not onelie be my Fen, bot alfb be my
awn Frefens, to fick as will informe the Confaill fufficiently of all Things.
The faid Johne and Mr. Kohert followit his Counfaill (for it was faythfull and
proceidit of Love at that Tyme ;) they taryed with him verie fecreitly within
the Caf^ell of Berwu-k two Days. In quhilk Tyme returnit Alexander ^ihyt-
law foirfaid, with Anfwer to the Lords,and to Maifter A/zox TheTennour of
quhilk Letter was this.
Maijier Cicillis Letter to Johne Kndx.
Maifter Knox,
I'
\jOn e(i mafculus neque fcemina, bmnes emm iut ait Patilus) unum fumm i»
■/V Chri/tH Jefu: Benedi^us vir qui confidit in Domino, & erit Dominus fi-
ducia ejus. I have receavit your Letters, at the fame T>me that I thocht
to have fein yourfelf about Stampfourd. Quhat is now hitherto the Caus of
of your let, I knaw not. I forbeir to difcend to the Bottome of Things,
untill I may confer with fuche one as yow are. And tharefor gif your
Chance
>^ ■^^— ■ ■ I ■■ I
IB. III. of Rcl>gioii?i i?i Scothnd. 213
Chance fall be hcircftcr to cum hither. I wifche yovv furnifchcd with goode
Crcdite, and Fower, to mak goode Rc(()Iurioun. Althocht my Anfwer to
the Lords of the Congrcgatioun be liimquhar obfcure, yet upoun farther
Undcrrtanding yow fall find the Mater plain. I ncid to wifche yow no
more Prudence then Gods Grace, quhareof God fend yow plentic. And Co
1 end.
From Oxford the 2S. Sic fubfcribitur,
Youris as a Member of the ftmeBodie in Chrirt,
M. CICILL.
Albeit the faid Johie receavlt this Letter at Berwick^ yet wald he anfwer
rathing till that he had fpkin the Lords quhonie he fand at Strhiling, and
unto quhome he deiiverit the Anfwer fcnt from the Counftill of Bigland
(for Alexander .^id'ytkvj tuk Seiknes betwix Ber'u:'ick and Ed'mburghe^ and was
<roubled by the Lord Seytoim, as in the former Buik is declairit ;) the Anfwer
fend be Mr. Call was {o general), that many amongs us difpairit of ony
Comforte to cum from thfa Cuntre)'. And tharefor wer determined that
they wald requeirt no farther. Jobm Knox labourit in the contrary ; but he
culd prevaill no farder, bot that he fould have Licence and Libertie to wryit
as he thocht beft. And fo tuke he upoun him to anfwer for all, in Forme
as followis,
Aijf'-joer io Mr. Ciciilis iVrytt'tng,
TWo Caufes impcdit me fRycht Worfchipfull) to vifite yow at any
Parte in highmd. Formar,No Significatioun of your Mynd and Plefbur
was maid to me, for onely did Sit Harie Fercie'wWl me to cum and fpeik him,
which conveniently at that Tyme I could not do, be Reflbun that the Freiiche'
men (whiche was the fecund Caus of my ftay) did then moft furiouHy pur-
few us, quhill our Cumpancy was difperfcd ; and then durf^ I not be abfent
for divers Inconveniencys : Nether did I think my Prefence with yow great-
ly necclTare, confiddering that the Mater (whiche I mofl defyred^ was open-
ed and proponed. To the whiche I wald have wifched. That a more plain
and fpeciall Anfwer fbuld have bene made. For albeit Mr. ^uhytlaw, by his
Credite, Mr. KirkcaMe by his Letter, and I, bothe by Letters and by that
whiche I had receaved from Sir yafn:j Crcflii^did perfwaid your gude Mynds ;
yet culd not the Counfaill be utherwys peifvvaded, bot that this Alteratioun
in France had altered your former Purpos. It is not unknawn, what Favour
we thrie do beir to InghinJ : And tharefore I wifche, that rather your Pen,
than our Credite, or anye Thing writtin to anye of us, f()uld afllire the Lords
and uthers, of your gude Mynd (who ar now in Number bot five hundreth.)
Onlefs that Money be furnifched without Delay to pay the Souldiours for
thair Service bypaft, and to retean an uther thoufand Footmen, with thrie
hundreth Horfinen, till fum Stay be had in this Danger, thefe Gentilmen
will be compellit to Icif the Feilds. I ame affured, as Flefsbc may he of
Flefche^ that fome of thame will tak a verey hardLyfe, before that evir they
compone, eyther with the Qucne Regent, eyther vet with France : Bot this
H"h h ' I
214 The Hi/lone of the Kejormntioun L i b. 1 11.
I dar not promis of all, onlefs in yow they fee a greater Forwardnes, To fup.
corte us will appear excefTive, and to break Promes withe France will appeac
dangerous, Bot the Lofs of Expenfes, in my Opinioun, ought not to be e-
ftemed from the firft Payment, neyther yet the Danger from the firft Appear-
ance. France is moft fervent to conques us, and avowethe, that againft us
they will fpend thair Crown Cfo did my awn Ears hear Butmcoiirt brag.)
Bot moft afluredly I knaw, That onles by us they thocht to mak ane Entres
to yow, they wald not buy our Poverty at that Pryce. They labour to corrupt
{urn of our great Men by Money (and flim of our Number are pure, as be-
fore I wrait, and cannot ferve without fupportj fum they threatin, and a-
gainft uthers they have rayfit up a Farcy in thare awn Cuntrey. In this
mene Tyme, gif yow ly by as Newtralls, what will be the End yow may
eafely conjefture. And tharefbre. Sir, in the Bowells ofChrift Jeius, I re-
quyre yow to mak plane Anfwer, Quhat the Gentillmen heir may lippen to,
and quhat the Quenes Majefty will do, may be without Delay put in Execu-
tioun. Reft in Chrift Jefus. Of Smdi Johnejiom the 28. Day of, Qc.
Anfwere with grit Expeditioun was returned to this Letter, delyring fum
Men of Credite to be fend fra the Lords to Berwick, for the receaving of
Money for the firft Supporte, with promeis, that if the Lords of the Con-
gregatioun ment no utherwayes then before they had writtin, and if they
wald enter in League with honeft Conditiouns, they fould nouther want Men
nor Money to thair juft Caus. Upoun this Anflver, was dire^^it fra the Lords
to Berwick, Mr. Henry Balnaveis, a Man of gude Credite in baythe the Re-
almes, quha fuddanely returnit with fick a Soum of Money as fervit all the
publift Affaires till Noveniler next ; quhen Johie CoMurne ot Orm'iftoim being
(ent for the (ecund Support, and reflaving the (ame, unhappely fell in the
Hands of the Erie Boilmell, was wounded, tane and fpolyeit of a gric
Soume, upoun quhilk Mifchance followit all the reft of our Troubles before
reherfed.
In the Secund Bulk preceiding, we have declared how Secretary Lethwg-
toim was direfted to Ingland. Bot one Thing we have before paft by. la
that our f^ritteft Dijeftioun this Ordour was tane, that the Duckes Grace, the
Erie of G/wr^/Vn^, \jqx^ Boyde, 'Lo'cd Uchiltrie, and thair Freinds fould re-
mane togidder at Glafgoiso, for Comforte of the Cuntrey, and for geving of
Anfwers as Occafioun fould requyre ; and that the Erie of Jrrane, the Lord
James, the Erie of Rothois, the Maifter of Undefay, and thair Adherents,
fould continew togither within Fy[e for the fame Caus, that Adverteifrnents
micht go fra the ane to the uther, as neid required. In the Negotiatioun of
Secretary Lethingtmm with the Quene and Counfaill of Ingland (in the quhilk
he travelled with na les "Wildome and Faythfulnes, than happy Succes) mony
Things occurrit, that required the Refolutioun of the haili Lords. . Amongis
quhilk thare was ane quhareof before na mentioun is maid.
Efter that the Quene and Counlaill of Ingland had concludit to fend thair
Army into Scotland for expelling of the Frenche, the Duck of Northjolk was
fent to Berwick with full Inftruftioun, Power and Comiffioun to do in all
Things concerning the prefent Affaires of Scotland, as micht the Quene and
Counfaill in thair awn proper Perfbns do. Heirupoun the faid Duck requirit
fick a Parte of the Lords of Scotland, as had Power and ComifTioun fra the
haill, to meit bim at fick Day and Place as pleifit thame to apoinr. This
Ad>
IB.
III. of Kcliglcnn in Scotland. 2 1 5
Adverteifment come firft to Gld/lioiv by the Means of the Maifter of Maxiv:'U.
Quhilk red and confiddcrit be the J.ords, Conchifioun was tane that they Could
meic at Carkit/y zpd that was the I'locurement of the faid Maimer ofMivxell
for his Eas. Heirupoun war Letters direclit fra the Lords I3 ing in Gl a fgowj
to Lord Jiimefj requiring him with all poflibill Expeditioun to repair towards
thame, for the Purpois foirfaid. Quhilks Letters red and advyfit iipoun, Con^i-
mandment was gcvin to Johie Kiios to mak the Anfwer. For Co it was apoint-
ed at the Divifioun of the faid Lords, that he CoxAd Anfwer for the Parte of
thame that war in Fyif; and Mr. Hein'te Bjlnaias for the Parte of thame tliat
abaid at GUfgo-jo. The laid "Jolne Knox anfwerit as followes.
I0 the Lord Duik's Gra'uey and tie Lordis at Glafgow*
EFter humill Commcndntioun of my Service: Albeit I have writtin ofter nor
anes to Mr. Henrie B.iliiaz'cis^ quhat Things heve miflykit me in your
flaw Proceidings, afweill in fupporting your Brcthrein, quha mony Days have
lufteined extreim Dangers in thefe Parts, as in making Provifioun how the
Enemy mycht have bene anoyit, quho lay in few Numbers, neir to your
Quarters in Strhiling. And in making lykwys Provifioun, how the Expefta-
tioun ofyourFreinds fwho lang have awairit one your Anfwer) mycht have
bene (atisfeif. Albeit, I (ay, that of thefe Things I have befoir complainit,
yet, of very Conscience, I ame compellit to fignifie unto your Honours, that
unlfis ot thir and uther Inormities I fall efpy llim Redres, I ame afllircd,
that the End fall be fick, as godly Men fall miirne, that a gude Caus fall
perifche for lacke of Wifdome and Deligence. In my lafl: Letters to Mr.
Henrie Bahiaveis, I declairit, That your elpeciall Frcinds in/;2j/d«^ wonderir,
that na gritter Expeditioun is maid, the Wechte of the Matter being confid.
derit. If the Fait be in my Lord Ducke and his Freinds, I wrate al(b, that
the gritteft Lois wa!d be his and tliares in the End. And now I cannot
ceis,bothe to wonder and lament, that your haill Counfaill was Co deflitute of
Wifdome and Difcreatioun, as to charge this pure Man, the Pryour, to cum
to yow to Glafgo'-j)^ and thairefter to go to Carle'dl^ for fick Atiaires as ar to
be intreated. Was thare nane amongs yow that did foirfie quhat Inconve-
niences mycht infew his Abfence from thir Partis? I ceis to fpeik of the
Dangers in the Enemy. Your Freinds iiave lyne in the Firthe now fyfcein
Days bypal^ (quhat was thair formar Travel! is not unknawn) they have ne-
vir recevit Comforte of ony Man (him onely exceptitj mair tlian thay had
lyne upoun the Coafl of thair Mortall Enemy. Do ye not confiddcr, that
fick a Cumpany fall neid Comfort and Provificun from Tyme to Tyme ? Re-
move him, and quho abydethc that cairfully will travell in that or in ony
uther wechty Matters in thir Parts ? Did ye not farder ccnfidder. That he
had begun to medle with the Gcntilmen, q-ho had declairit thamefelfis Un-
freinds heirtofore ; and alio that Ordour \va!d have bene tane with fick as hes
bene ncutrell ; now be Refibun of his Abfence, the one fall efchape without
Admonitioun, and the other fall be at thair former Liberty. I ame afTured,
that the Enemie fill not flip, nether in that, nor in uther Affaires, to under-
mynd yow and your haill Caus, and fpecially to hurt this Parte of the Cun-
treye, to revenge thair former Folly. If narie of thir formar Caufcs lould
have moved yow to have confiddcrit, that fick a Jorney, at fick Tyme, was
not meit for him, ncyther yet for thame that muft accumpany him: Yet
H h h s dii:
2l6 The Hijiorie of the Rejormatkun Lib. III.
difcrete Men wald have confidderir, that the Men that have lyne in thajr
Tackis, and travellit thair Horfes continewally the Space of a Monethe, re-
quirit fum langer reft, bayth to thamefelfis, hot efpecially to thair Horfes,
before they had bene chargit to fick a Jorney, then yet thay have had. The
Pryour may for Satisfa6tioun of your unreflbnabill Mynds, interpryis the Pur-
pois ; bot I ame allured, he fall not he abill to have fex honeft Men in all
Fyif to accumpany him ; and how that outher ftands with your Honours, or
with his Saifcy, juge ye your felfis. Bot yet wonder it is, that ye did not
confidder, to quhat Fane and Fafchery (all ye put your Freinds of Inghnd,
efpecially the Duck o{ Northfolk and his Counfail!, quhome ye fall caus to
travell the maift wearifoum and tafcheous Gait that is in ail Liglaud. In my
Opinioun, quho(bevir gave yow that Counfaill, outher wantit rycht Jugement:
in Things to be done, or ells had over mekill refpeft to his awn Eafe, and
overfmall Regard to the Travell and Danger of thair Brethrein. A comoun
Gaus requiris a comoun Concurrence, and that every Man beir his Bur-
thein proportionably. Bot proudent and indifferent Men efpy the contrary
in this Caus, efpecially of lait Days ; for the waikeft ar moft greavoufly
chargit, and thay to quhome the Matter maift belangs, and to quhome juft-
ly gritteft Burdein is dew, ar exeimit in a maner, bayth fra Travell and Ex-
f enles. To fpeik the Matter plainly, wys Men wonder quhat my Lord
Duckes Freinds do meane, that they ar fa flake and backward in this Caus.
In uther Acliouns they have bene juged ftout and ford ward, and in this,
quhilk is the gritteft that evir he or they had in hand, they apeir deftitute
bayth of Grace and Curage, I ame not ignorant that thay that ar maift in-
■wart of his Counfaill, ar Enemies to God, and tharefore cannot bot be Ene-
mies to his Caus. But wonder it is, That he and his uther Freinds fbuld
not confidder, that the Tinfell of this godly Interprys, fall be the ruitting
out of thame and thair Poftericy fra this Realme. Confiddering, my Lords,
that by God's Providence ye ar joynit with the Duckes Grace in this comoun
Caus, admonifche him planely of the Danger to cum ; will him to beware
' of the Counfaill of thame that ar planely infeftit withe Superftitioun, with
Pryde, and with the Vennome of particular Profeit : Quhilk gif he do not
at your Admonitioun, he fall fmarte before he be ware. And gif ye ceis to
put him in mynd of his Dewty, it may be that for your Silence ye fall drink
film Portioun of the Plague with him. Tak my plane fpeiking, as proceid-
ing from him that is not your Enemie, being alfo uncertane, quhen I fall
have Occafioun to wryte heirefter. God the Father of our Lord Jefiis Chrift
afTift yow with the Spirit of Wifciome and Fortitude,that to his Glory, and to
your Lordfhips and our comoun Comforte, ye may performe that Thing quhilk
godly anes was begun. Amen.
From St. Andro'ts the 6th of Sic fubfcribitur,
Februare in haift i^;9.
Your Graces to comand in Godlincs.
JOHNE KNOX.
Upoun the Receat of this Letter, and Confultatioun had thairupoun, new
Conclufioun was tane, to wit, That they wald vifite the faid Duke of Norff:>-
folk at Bermcky quhare he was. Thus far have we degrefTit from the Styll
©f
Lib. III. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 217
of the Hiftory, to lar the Pofterity that fall follow undedbnd, by quhat Inrtru-
merits God vvrocht ihe Familiarity and Freindfchip that cfttr we find in In"'
land. Now we return to our former Hiltory.
The Pairtis of Fyfe^ fet at Fredome from the Bondage of thofl- bluidy
Wormes, folemnc Thankis wer gevin in San(3 Androis unto God for his
mychty Deliverance. Schort efter the Erie of Anane., and Lord James an.
prchended the Lairds of Weimis^ SeifeiU^ Balgorte^ Bur'ie^ and utheris that
adiftit the Freuche ; hot they war fet fchortely at Fredome, upoun fick Condi-
tiounis as they myndit nevir to keip, for fick Men have nouther Fayth nor
Honeftie. Mr. James Balfour^ quho was the gritteft Practeifer, ^nd had
drawin the Band of the Balfours efchaipit. The Inglis Schipis dayly multipleir
till that thay war abill to keip the haill Firthc, quhareat the Fievche and Quene
Regent enraged, began to execute thair Tyrrany upoun the Parts of Lauthiane
that lay neir to EJmburgh. Let Mr. Bavid Bortlmick W'ifnes quhat Favours
his Wyfe and Place ot /^W///oh« fand of the Freuche^ for all the Service that
he had made to the Quene Regent.
In the midds of Februare wer direfted to higlaiid^ from the Duiks Grace
and the Congregatioun, the Lord James, the Lord Ruthveri, the Maifter of
J'i'!ax-jjell, the Maifter of Lmdefay, Mr. Henne Balnaveis, and the Laird of
Phtano^ quho, with thair honeft Cumpanies and Comiflioun, departit by Sey
all, except the Maifter of j*l/(7x-af//, to Beiwifk; quhare thare met thame the
Duke ot'Norilrfolk, Lieuetenent to the Quenes Majef^y of hghnd, and with
him a grit Cump;:ny of the Gentilmen of the Northe, with (um al/b of the
Scuthe, haveing full Power to contract with the Nobility of Scotland as that
they did, upon fick Conditiouns as in the lame Contract ar Ipecifeit. And
becaus we have hard the malicious Tounges of wicked Men mak fals Report
of that our Faft, we have faythfully and trewly infertit in this our Hiftory
the faid Central, alfweill that quhilk was maid at Leythe, during the Seige
as that qihilk firft was maid at Berwick, that the Membry thareof may abyde
to our Pofterity,to the End that they may judge with Indiflrerency,quhidder that
we have done ony Thing prejudiciall to our Comoun-wealthe, or yit contra-
rious unto that detfullObedience,quhilk'trew Subjefts aucht to thairSuperiours
quhais Authority aucht to defend and manteine the Liberty and Fredome of
the Realmes comitted to thair Charge, and not to opprefs and betray the fame
to Strangears. The Tenour of our Contract follows.
'The Contra^ maid at Berwick.
yjMES, Duck of Chattellaranh, Erie of Arave, Lord HaumUtoim, fecund
J Perfoun of the Realme of Scotland, and apeirand Air to the Crown, the
Counfaill, Nobility, and principall Efiaites of the fame ; to all and fundry
to quhais Knawlege thir Prefents fall cum, Greiting. We have weiil confid-
derit, and be fully 'perfwaidit, in quhat Danger, Defolatioun and Mifery the
lang Inemity with the Kingdome of higland hes brocht our Cuntrey heirto.
tore: How welthie and flurifching it fall becum, if thefe two Kin^domes
as they be joyned in one Hand, by Creatioun of the World, fo may be knit
in one conflant and afTured Freindfchip. Thefe Confidderatiouns groundit
upoun a maift infallibill Treuthe, aucht no les to have moved our Progeni-
tours and Foirfathers then us. Bot the prefent Dangeris hanging over our
I i » Heids,
2 1 8 The Hiftorie of the Re/ormatioun L i b. III!;
Heids by the injuft dealling of thois, of quhome we have always beft de-
(ervit,' hes caufic us to wey thame moir erneftly then they did. The Mif-
behaviour of the frenche Minifters heir hes of lait Yeirs bene (a grit ;
the Oppreflioun and Cruelty of the Souldiours, the Tyrrany and Ambitioun
of thair Superiours and ReulSrs, (b greavous to the Pepill ; the violent Sub-
verfioun of our Liberty, and Conqueis of the Land, quhareat they have by
moft crafty and fubtill Means continewally preaflir, fb intoUerabill to us all,
that at laft, quhen we culd not obtein the Redres be humbill Sutes, and er-
ncft Supplicatiouns prefentit to the Quene Dowager^ quho bothe for Dewties
Saik and Place fche did occupy, aucht to have bene maift cairfull of our
Eftaif • we have bene by very Necefiity conftrayned, not onely to aday our
awn Forces, bot alfb to implore the Quenes Majefties of Eyigland'?, Ayd and
Support, quhilk hir Majeftie hes maift gentillie granted, upoun certane Cove-
nantes fpecified in ane Treaty paft at Berwick^ betwix the Duck of North-
folkis his gude Grace Lieuetenent for hir Majefty one that ane Parte, and
certane our Comiflionars one that other Parte. Quhareof the Tenour follows.
At Berwick the twentie (evin Day oiFebruare, the Yeir ofour Lord God One
thoufand fyve hunder fyftie and nyne Yeirs ; It is apointed, and finallie con-
traced, betwix the nobill and michtie Prince, Thomas Duke of No)thfo%
Erie Merfirhell of England^ and Lieutenent to the Quenes moft excellent Maje-
fty of the fnid Realme in the Northe, in the Name and Behalf of hir Hienes
one the ane Parte, and the Richt Honorabill Lord James Stewart (now Erie
of Murray) Patr'tck Lord Ruthven^ Sir Johne Max^iaeH of Teregles Knycht, WtU
liam Mahland oC Letbingloun younger, Johne fVifchart oiiPittarrow, and Mr.
Uenrie Balnaveis of Halhil/f in Name and Behalf of ane NobiU and Michtie
Prince James, Duck ofChattellerauh, fecund Perfbne of the Realme of Scot'
landy and the remanent Lords of his Parte, joyned with him in this Caus, for
the Menteinance and Defence of the ancient Rychts and Liberties of thair
Cuntrey one the uther Parte, in Forme as heirefter followis: That is to fay.
That the Quenes Majefty haveand fufficiently underftude, alfweill by Infor-
matioun fent from the Nobility of Scotland^ as by the Proceidings of the
Frenche, that they intend to conqueir the Realme of Scotland, fupprefs the
Liberty thareof, and unite the fame unto the Crown of France perpetually,
contrair to the Laws of the fame Realme, and the Paftis, Othis, and Promi-
fes of France. And being thareto maift humilly and earneftly required by
the faid Nobility ; for, and in the Name of the haill Realme, fall accepte
the faid Realme of Scotland, the faid Duck of Chattellerault being declared
by A61 of Parliament in Scotland to be Heire appeirand to the Crown thare-
of, and the Nobility and Subjects thareof^ info hir Majefties Protectioun and
Manteinance, onely for Prefervatioun of the fame in thair auld Fredomes
and Liberteis, and from Conqueift, during the Tyme that the Mariage fall
continew betwix the Quene of Scottis and the Frenche King, and one Yeir
efter : And for expelling out of the famyn Realme of fuch as prefently and
appeirandly goethe about to prafteis the faid Conqueift, hir Majefty fall with
all fpeid fend into Scotland a convenient Ayd of Men of Warre oh Horfe
and Fute, to joyne with the Power of Scottifmen, with ArtaiIzery,Munitioun,
and all uther Inftruments of Warre meit for thePurpois, alfweill by Sey as by
Land,and not onely to expell the prefent Power of Frenche within that Realme
oppreiTing the fame, bot alfo to ftof)e, als ftr as conveniently may be, all
gritter
Lib. III. of Re/igioim in Scotland. 21^
gritter Forces of Fretuhe to enter tharein, for the lyk Purpois; and fall con-
tinew hir Majefties Ayd to the (aid Realme, Nobility, and Subje(?Js of the
fame, unto the Tyme the Frembe (being Enemies to the (aid Realme ) be
utterly expellit thence ; and fall nevir tranfaft, compone, nor agrie with the
French, nor conclude any League with thame, except the Scottis and the
Freth-be (all be agreit, that the Realme of Scotland may be left in ane dew
Fredome by the Frenches nor fall leave the Manteinancc of the faid Nobility
and Subjefts, quhareby they micht fall as ane Fraye into thair Enemies
Hands, as lang as they fall acknawlege thair Soverane Lady and Quenc, and
fall indevour thamefelfis to mantene the Liberty of thair Cuntrey, and the E-
ftait of the Crown of Scotland. And if in cais any Forts or Strenths within
the Realme be wone out of the Hands of the Frencbt at this prefent or at
any Time heirefter by hir Majefties Ayd, the fame fall be immediatly demo-
hfched by the Scott'tfmen, or delivered to the faid Duck and his Party foir(aid
at thair Optioun and Ghois ; nether fall the Power of England fortifie withiii
the Ground of ScotLwd, being out of the Bounds of England, but by the Ad-
vyis of the faid Duck, Nobility, and Eftaits of Scotland. For the quhilk
Caufes, and in refpeft of hir Majefties moft gentill Clemency, and liberall
Support, the faid Duck, and all the Nobility, alfweill fick as be now joyned
as fuche as fall heirefrer joyne with him, for Defence of the Liberty of that
Realme, fall to the uttermoft of thair Power, ayd and fupport hir Majefties
A my againft the Frenche and thair Partakers, with Horfmen and Futcmen
and with Viftuellis, by Land and by Sey, and with all maner of uther Ayde*
to the beft of thair Power, and fb fall continew dureing the Tyme that hir
Majefties Army fall remane in Scotland,
Item, They fall be Enemies to all fuche Scottifmen and Frenche, as fall itl
onywayes fchaw thamefelfis Enemies to the Realme of England, for the ayd-
ing and fupporting the fiid Duke and Nobilitie, to the Deliverie of the Re-
alme of Scotland Irom Conqueft.
Item, They fall nevir afTent nor permit, that the Realme of Scotland fall
be conquered, or knit to the Croun of Frame, than it is at this prefent uther-
wife onely Marriage of the Quein thair Soverane to the Frenche King, and
by iheLawis and Liberties of the Realme, as it aucht to be.
Item, In cafe the Frenchmen fall at ony Tyme hareafter invaid, or caus be
invaided the Realme of England, they fall furneis the Number of two hun-
drethe Horfmen, and ane rhoufand Futemen, at the leift, or fuch Parte of ey-
ther of thame, at the Choice of the Queins Majeflie of England ; and fall
conduft the fam to pas from the Bordears of Scotland nixt England, upoun hir
Majefties Chairges, to ony Parte upoun the Realme of England, for the De-
fence of the fam. And in cafe the Invafloun be upoun the Northe Partes of
England, on the Northe Parte of the Water of 7yne, towardes Scotland^ or
againft Berwick, on the Northe Syde of the Water of Timeed, they fall con-
vene and gather thair haill Forces upoun thair awn Chairges, and fall joyne
■with the Enghjcbe Power, and fall continew in gude and erneft Purfuit of
the Quarrell of England, dureing the Spaice of threttie Dayis, or fo muche
longer as they war accuflomed to remane in the Fields for the Defence of
Scotland, at the Ccmandment of thair Soveranes, at ony Tyme bypaft. And
alio the Erie of ulrgyll. Lord Juftice of Scotland, being prefently joyned with
the faid Duke, fall employ his Force and gude Will, quhare he fall be re-
quyred be the Queins Majeftie to reduce the Northe Partes of Ireland lo the
I i i 2 per-
220 The Ht/iorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
pertyte Obedience of England^ conforme to ane mutuall and reciproque Con-
tra6l to be maid betwix hir Majefties Lieutenant, or Depute of Ireland be-
ine for the Tyme, and the faid Erie; quharein fall be conteined quhat he
fall do for his Parte, and quhat the faid Lieutenent, or Depute, fall do for
his Support, in cafe he fall have to do with James Mackoiiell^ or ony uthers
of the Ifles of Scotland^ or Realme of Ireland: For Performance and fure
IjeJping quhareof, they lall for thair Parte enter to the forfaid Duke of
Northforlk the Pledges prelently named by him, befor the Entrie of hir Ma-
iefties Army within Scotland, to remane in England for the Space of (ex
Monthes and to be exchanged upoun Deliverance of new Hoftages, of lyke or
als gude Conditiouns as the former; or being the lawfuU Sones, Brethrein, or
Aires of ony ot the Erles, or Barrones of Parliament, that have, or hareaf
ter iall Ichaw thamefelfis and perfift oppin Enemies to the Frenche in this
Quarrell, and fb furth from fex Monthes to fex Monthes, or four Monthes
to four Monthes, as fall beft pleis the Parte of Scotland. And the Tyme of
the Continewance of the Hoflages fall be dureing the Marriage of the Queia
of Scottis to the Frenche King, and one Yeir efter the DifTolutioun of the
fam Marriage, untill farder Ordour may be had betwix both the Realmes for
Peace and Concord.
And furthermore the faid Duke, and all the Nobilitie, being Erles and
Barrones of the Parliament, joyned with him, ^11 fubfcryve and (eill thefe
Artickles and Countes, within the Spaice of twentie or thertie Days at the
mtermofl, nixt following tlie Day of the Delivery of the (aids Hoflages ; and
fall alfo procure and perfwade all uthers of the Nobility that fall joyne
thamefelfis hareafter with the faid Duke, for the Caufes above fpecified, lyk-
wayes to fubfcryve and feill thefe Artickles, at ony Tyme efter the Spaice of
twentie Days efter thair Conjunftioun, upoun Requifitioun maid be thame
one the Party of the Queins Majel^ie of Ingland.
And finally the faid Duke, and Nobility joyned with him, certainly per-
ceaving, that the Queins Majeftie of Ingland is thareunto moved onely upoun
Refpeft of princely Honour and Nichbourhood, for the Defence of the Fre-
dome of Scotland from Conqueff, and not of ony uther finiffer Intent, do
by thefe Prefentis teftifie and declair, That they, nor ony of thame, m^ane
by this Compte to withdraw ony dew Obedience to thair Soverane Lady the
Quene, nor in ony lefull Thing to withrtand the Frenche King hir Husband
and Hede, rhat dureing the Marriage (all not tend to the Subverfioun, and
Oppreffioun of the juft and ancient Liberties of the faid Kingdome of Scot-
land ; for Prefervatioun quhareof, bothe for thair Soveranes Honour, and for
the Continewance of the Kingdome in ancient Eftait, they acknawlege
thamefelfis bound to fpend thair Gudes, Landes and Lyves. And for Per-
formance of this prefent Contraft for the Parte of Ingland, the Queins Ma-
ieftie (all confirme the fam, and all Claufes tharein conteined, by hir Letters
Patentis, under the grit Seill of Ingland, to be delivered to the Nobility of
Scotland, upoun the Entres of the Pledges afoirfaid within the Ground of
Ingland. In Witnes quhareof, the (aid Duke's Grace of Northfolk has (ub-
fcryved thir Pre(entis, and thareunto hes affixed his Seill, the Day, Yeir, and
Place foirlaid. Quhilk Contraft we find hone(t, refTonabell, and that our
faids CommifTiouners tharein hes confiderately refpedted to the Comoun-
welthe of this Realme, of us and our Pofteritie ; and tharefor do ratifie,
allow, confirme, and approve the fame, with all Claufes and Artickles thare.
in
Lib. III. of licligioMn iti Scotland. 221
in conteined, by thif Prcdntis. In Witnes harcof, to the (ame (ubfcryved
with our Hands, our Scills of Amies, in lyke Cafes accuftnmed, ar append-
ed. At the Camp foirancnt Leyi/.'y the tent Day of M.iii, ij6o Yeirs. Fol-
low
The Subfcriptiounes.
Tiie Duke of Chanttelkrault^ Lord of San(5l Johtie^
Erie of y/r/vw, Lord J^^w of Abevbiothoke^
Erie of Huntlie,^ Lord BoyJ^
Erie of Glemarm, Lord Somuieyjeil^
Erie of Mortouu^ Lord OJ:iltne^
Erie of Rothefs, Lord Rohert Ste-xait^
1017.
Erie of MoHuteill:, Alexauder Gorcioi
Erie of y/;;5^//, dvjjne HamihoHu of Kilujiiwhig^
Lord Ogilvie. "James Sie-jaart of Sanft Cotnws-inche^
Lord Bortb'tcky Abot of Kinlofs^
Lord 7<"W''^ Stewart, Abot of Culrofs.
The InjiruH'tounes gevin^ fuhjcryved to the faid Commijjfioners that 'xeiit to Ber-
wick, ar thir as followiis.
I. ^ ND for the firft, If it fall be asked of yow be the faid Duke of
J^\ NortL'folks Grace, and uthers the Queins Majcfti-s apointed Comif'
fioncrs, If our Pledges be inReadinels? Ye (all anfwer. That they ar, ard
in Sanft /Lidrois the 24th of this Inftant, and (all be reddy to diliver in Hn-
ftages for Security of our Promele, and Parte of Contract j they oflering and
making Securitie for thair Parte be the Queins Majeflies Sublcripnouri, ant
grit Seill, and delivering the (am unto yow : Provyding that they chuie and
mak thair EIe(5lioun of the Pledges as is convenient.
2. Secuudlie^ If the (aids ComilTioners fall demand of yow. What Inter,
pryfe the Army of luglaiid fall tak upoun Hand at thair firfl coming? Ye
fall anfwer, In gcncrall the Expulfioun of the Frencbe Soldiours furth of this
Realme ; and firll and in Ipcciall furth of the Toun of Leyth^ (eing thair grit
Fortes ar tharc.
3. Item, If it fall be asked of yow, At quhat Place our Freindes and R-e-
threne of Ingland fall meit, and at quhat Day, quhat Number, and qiihar
Nobillmen in Cumpany ? Ye fall refer all thefe Things to thair Eleftioun and
Choife.
4. //««, If it bcis demanded of yow. How the Army fall be furn.'fched
with Vic^ualls, and elpecially the Horfmen ? Ye fall anfwer, That with
thair Advyfs ane fufficient Ordour fall be tane tharein.
5. hem. If it be requyred. How the Munitioun fall be carried, and Oxen
furnifched to that Efleft ? Ye fall anfwer, As we have gevin in ComilTioua
to Lethiiigtcun, quhilk we ratifie.
6. Item, If it fall be asked, Qulia (?ill be Lieutenent to the Army of ,51-?/-
l.wd ? Ye (all anfwer. My Lord Dukes Grace.
7. Item, If it fall be inquyred, Quhat Number our haill Army extends to?
Yc fall anfwer, They will (God willing^ be five thouliind Men.
K. k k X, Itemy
222 The Hi ft or ie of the Kcjormatiotm Lib. III.
8. Item^ If it fijH be requyred, Quhat Maner of Way Leyth fall be aflak-
ed ? Ye lail defire all Preparatiouns to be in Redines, and the Advyfs to be
tane efter the placeing of Armies, and V'iew of the Strenthe fchortly.
9. Item, If it fall be asked if the Caftell of Edhihirghe, gif they will ftand
Freinds or not ? Ye fall declair our Diligence maid, and to be maid fchort-
Jy hareinto j but for the prefent to afTure thame of nothing.
10. Item, If it be asked, In cafe the Caftell be unfreind, quharc the Ar-
my fall be placed ? Ye fall anfwer, For the firft, in Muffillmrghe and 7ra-
»^«?, and thefe Partis, till the Batterie, and all the Preparaflouns be in Redines.
11. hem. In caife it beis inquyred of all Ey-lyars, and in Ipeciall of my
Lord of Hautlie in the Northe } Ye fill anfwer in generall, ane gude Hope
is had of the moft Parte thareof ; and twitching my Lord HmitUe in fpeciall
ye flill fchaw how he has fent Wryttings to my Lord of Jrram, with ane
Servand of Credit, to afTure him of his AfTiftance. And for that Caus hes de-
fyred Letters of Sufpenfioun of the Quein Dowagears ComifTioun, to be fent
to him, to be ufit by him in thefe Parris; and uther Letters to arreft theCler-
gie Rentis and Hyres both in thefe Partes, with Froclamatiouns to caus all
, Men to be in Redines to pas ford wards, for mantening of Religioun, and
Expulfioun of Strangears. My Lord has wrytten to him, that he may cum to
him in proper Perfbne, quhareof the Anfwer is not returned yit.
12. Item, If it fall be asked the Place and Maner of Metting of our Folkd,
or of us and thame, in caie Stirling be keipt ? We refer the Anfwer hareof
to your Difcretioun.
13. Item, If it fall be asked, That thair layed Money fall have Paflage for
thair Viveris ? Ye fall reflbn the Comoditie and Incomoditie thareof with
the Counfaill.
14. ftem. If it fall be asked. What Pioners fall be had ? Ye fall anfwer,
Thair Number being exprefTed, and Mony in Redines to pay thame, they
fall have Sufficiencie.
1 5. Item, If they defyre, that we declair our Caufe unto the Princes of y//-
mame^ and the King of £)e}7mark, defyring thair Afli fiance ? Ye fall anfwer.
That we think the tam gude, and fall fpedilie tak Ordour tharewith.
16. Item, If it fall be asked of you to confirme for us, and in our Name,
the Things pafl and granted be our formar ComifTioner, the young Laird ofZ-^.
th'ingtoun? Ye fall in. all Pointis for us, and m our Name, confirme the fam,
lb far as it fall mait eyther for the Weill and Conjunftioun of the twa Re-
almes, or this prefent Caus, or yit for the Securitie of our Parte, for the
fulfilling of the famyn : And alfb ye fall accept thair Ofieris tending to the
fam Fyne, and fick Securitie on that Parte, as ye may purches, and efpecially
fick as we haretofir expremite. Gevin at Glafgow, the tent of February 15J9.
Item, We give and grantis yow full Power to augment, or diminifche thir
faids Heids and Artickles, as ye think the Weill of the Caus fall reqnyre, in
all Pointis.
Sic fubfcribitur,
Johm of Montehhe^ Alexander Gordon^
Andrew 6f Kothefs^ Archibald Argylle,
R. Boyde, Glencarne,
William Murray of 'Tullyhardinj Uchiltrie,
Johns Erskine of Dunj James Haliburtoim.
Jamei Hamiltoun^
Schoit
1
Lib. III. cf licligictiu w Scotland. 223
Scliort efrer this Contract war our Fledges dclyvcrcd ro Mr. fr/i/ter Ad-
miral of tiie Navy that came ro Scotland^ a Man of grit Honefty (b ['?.(■ as
evir \vc culd dpie of him, quho war favclie convoyed to A'curj/h/i- and
fo the Biglifch Army by Land began to aflemble towards the Borders •
quhareof the Frembe and Qucnc Regent affured, they began to dcflroy quhac
they culd in the Touns and Cuntrey about ; for the hailf Victualls they carry-
cd to Leytb^ the Mylnes they brake, the Schep, Oxen and Ky, yea, and the
Hors of puir Labourers, they maid all to fervp thair Tyrrany. And ^nnl/y
They left nothing, quhilk the very Enemy culd have dc^yfir, exxept that
they demolifched not Gentelmens Hou.es, and brunt not the Toun oC La'nj-
hurgbe, in quhilk Point God brydelled thair Furie, to lat his Aftliclcd under-
fiand that he tuke Care of thame.
Befor the coming of the Land Army, rhe Frcncbe part to Glafgo-j) and de-
ftroyed the Cuntry thareabout. Quhat Tyrrany the Mariyckis lifit' upoun a
puir Scotlis Soldiour it is feirfull to hear, and yit his Faft may not be omit-
ted. Silver wald they give nane fo the puir Men, and ^o war they flaw to
departe of the Toun ; for albeit the Drum ffraike, the Enfenyne culd nor be
gottin. Thare vvar a puir Craftilman, quho bocht for his Viftualls a gray
Loafe, and was eiting a Morfel of it, and was putting the reft of it in his
Bofome. The Tyrrane came to him, and with the puirCatives awin Ouhin-
ger firit ftrack him on the Breilt, and efter caft it at him, and fo the^ puir
Man fkkkering and falling, the merciles Tyrrane ran him throw with his
Raper, and thareafter commanded him to be hanged over the Stair. Lordihcrjj
wilt yit luiky and recompence feck Tyrnviie, ho'm contemptible fo evir the Per-
[one "xas.
The fecund of Jpiill, the Yeir of God i;5o Yelrs, the Army be Land en-
tered in Scotland^ the conducting quharof wes comitted to the Lord Gray
quha had in his Cump?.ny the Lord .Slv///^, S\r James Crnafts, Sir Hjrie Percie
Sir FrancirLake^ with mony uther Captanes and Genrilmen, haveing Chair^e*
fum of Futemen, and fum of Horfmen. The Army by Land wer^cfteimed
to ten thoufand Men.
The Quene Regent paf^ to the Caftell of Edinburgh^ and fum urhers of hir
Factioun.
At Preftoun met thame the Dukes Grace, the Erie of Af^ll, (Huntlie came
not till the Siege was confirmed) Lord James, the Eries of G/encarne and
Monteiibe, Lords Katbven, Boydc^Ucbihrn\ with all the Froteftantis Gentelmen
of the Weft, Fyje, Angus and Mernis ; fo that for k\s Days the Army was
great.
Efter the Deliberatioun of two Days h"d at Ennercsk, the haill Camp
merched tordvvard with Ordnance, and all Freparatiouns neceftary for the
Seige, and came to Reftahig. Upoun the Palme Sonday Evin, the Frencbe hrd
thamefelfis in Battell Array upoun the Links without Leytl^ and had fent
furth thair Skirmifchears, quho begining befoir ten Hour-;, continewed Ikir-
mifcheing till efter four H-Jurs at Efternone, quhen then was gevin upoun
thame^ a Chairge by fum Horfmen of Scotland, and fum of England-, bot be-
caus the principal Captane of the Horftien of England was net prefent, the
haill Troupes durft not chairge, and fo was not the Overthrow and Slauchter of
the Frencbe fo grit as it ones appeired to have bene; for rhe grit Battell was
ones at the Trotre : Bot quhen they pcrceaved, that the grit Force of Horf-
men ftude ftill, and charged nor, they returned and gave fum Refcoue to
K k k 2 lY'Zlt
224 ^f^^ Hijlor le of t he Reformatioun Lib. III.
thair Fellowis that fled ; and fo thare fell onely in that Defeic about thrc
hundreth Frenchmen. God wald nor give the Viftorie fo fuddenlie, leift that
Man fuld gloria in his awn Srrenthe. The fi-nall Viftory that was gottin pur
bothe the Ingl'tfcb and the Scotth in over grit Securitie, as the Ifchew declair-
ed. The Vrenche enclofit within the Toun, the IngUjcke Army began to plant:
thair Pavilliounes betwix Lcyth and Kejialrig ; the Ordnance of the Toun, and
efpecially that quhilk lay upoun Sanft Antoms Sieiple, did thame grit Anoy-
ance ; againft which Place was bent aucht Cannones, quhilk fchot fo ccnti-
newally, and fo juft, that within few Days that Steiple was condemned,
and all the Ordnance that was one it difmounted, whiche maid the Eiigl/fche
more negligent than it became gude Men of Weir to have bene; for per-
ceaving that the Frenche m^id no Purfuit without thair Wallis, they tuke ane
Opinioun, that they wald nevir ifche more, and that maid fum of the Cap-
tanes for Paftyme to go upe to the Toun of Edinburghe ; the Soldiours, for
thair Eas, layd thair Armour befyde thame, and, as Men without Danger,
fell to the Dyce and Cairtis : and fo upoun the Pafcbe Monday^ at the very-
Hour of Nyne, the Frenche ilchewed bothe upoun Hers and Fute^ and with
grit Violence entered within the Englifche Trenches, flew and pur to flicht
all that war tharein. The Watche wes negligentlie keapr, and fo was the
Succours flaw, and lang in cuming ; for the Frenche, befor that ony Refi(l
tance was maid unto thame, aproched near to the grit Ordnance. But then
the Horfmen trouped togither, and the Futemen gat thamefelfis in An-ay,
and fo repulfit the Frenche back agane to the Toun. But the Slauchter wes
grit ; dim (ays it double exceided that whiche the Frenche receaved the firft
Day. And this was the Frute of thair Security and ours, whiche efrer
wes remeided ; for the Englifche Men moft wyfely confiddering thamefelfis
not abell to foige the Toun round about, devyfit to mak Mountis at divers
Quarters of the Toun, in the whiche they and thair Ordnance lay in als gude
Strenthe as they did within the Toun. The comoun Soldiours keapt the
Trenches, and had the faid Montis for thair Savegarde and Refuge, in
cafe of ony gritter Purfote than they wer abell to fuftean. The Patience, and
ftout Courage of the Englifchmen, bot principally of the Horfmen, is wor-
thie of all Prays : For quhare wes it evir hard, that aucht thousand (they ne-
vir exceided that Number that lay in CampeJ fold befeage four thoufand ot
the moft defperat Throt-cutters that war to be found in Europe, and lay fo
near unto thame in dayly flcirmifching the Space ot tlvre Monthes and more.
The Horfoien Nicht and Day keapt watche, and did fo valiently behave
thamefolfis, that the Frenche gat no Advanrage from that Day back to the
Day of the Aflault, quhareof we fall Ichortly hear. In this meane Tyme was
this other Band maid of all the Nobilitie, Barrones, and Gentilmen profeC
fing Chrift Jefos in Scotland, and of divers uthers that joyned with u.<;, for
expelling of the Frenche Army, amongs quhcme the Erie of HuntUe was
Principal]. The Band follows.
I'he hift Band at Leyth.
AT Edinburghe, the 27th Day o? Apr ill, in the Ycir of God I;i5d Yeirs,
we, whofo Names ar under-witten, have promitted and oblifched our-
felfis faythfully, in the Prefons of God, and be thir Preicntis promitts. That
tye ahogither in generall, . and every ane of us in fpeciall by- himfelf,
with
Lib. III. of RcligiGim w Scotland. 225
with our Bodic;, Gude?, Freinds, and all that we may do, fall ft-t fordward
the Reformatioun of Religioun, according to Gods Word, and procure, by all
Meanes poflftble, that the Trurhe of Gods Word may have fre Paflagc with-
in this Realme, with 'dew Adminiftratioun of the Sacraments, and all Things
depending upoun the laid Word. And ficklye, dcipiy weying with ourfeifis
the Mifbehaviour of the French Minifteris hare, the untojlerabill OpprclTioun
comitted be the Frenchemen of Weir upoun the puir Subjet^is of this Reilme
by Mantenance of the Quein Dowager, under Colour and Pretence of Au-
thority, the Tyrrany of thair Captanes and Leaders, and manifcft Dan^^cr of
Conqueft in whiche the Cuntrey prefently ftands, be RcHbun of divers Forti-
ficatiouns upoun the Sea-coaft, and uther Novelties of lait attempted be thame -
Promitt that we fall, every one with uther, afweill as alrogither, with the
Quein of England's Armie, prefently cum in for our Deliveraiice, effeftually
concurre, joyn togither, taking and hald plain Parte for Expullloun of the
faids Strangears, Oppreffours of our Liberty, furth of this Realme, and Re-
coverie oi our ancient Liberties and Fredomes, to the End that in Tyme
cuming we may, under the Obedience of the King and Quein our Soveranes
be onely riJIled be the Lawis and Cuftomes of the Cuntry, and borne Men
of the Land 3 and that nevir one of us fall have privy Intelligence by Wryt-
ting, MefTage, or Comunicatioun with ony of our faids Enemies, or Adver-
faries in this Caus, but by the Advyfe of the reft fat leift of fyvej of the
Counlaill,
Attour yet, we fill tender the comoun Caus as if it war the Caus of every
ane of us in particular ; andthat the Cau(es of every ane of us now joynt to^-i-
ther, being honeft and lawfull, fall be all our Caufes in generall ; and he that
is Enemy to the Caufes foirlaids, fall be Enemy to us all, in la far that
quhatfbevir Perfone will planely refift thir our godly Interpryifes, and wi'll not
concure, as ane gude and trew Member of this Comoun. welthe, we fall forti-
fie the Authority of the Counfiill, to reduce thame to thair Dewty. Lykas
wc fall fortifie the Authority forelaid of the Counfaill, in all Things tending
to the Furtherance of the f^id Caufes. And if any particular Debait Quar-
rell or Contraverfie fall aryis, for quhatfbevir Caufes bygane, prefcnt or to
cum, betwix ony of us ( as God forbid ) in that Cais, we fall fubmit ourfeifis
and our faids Quef^iounes, to the Decifloun of the Counfaill, or to Arbitral
tours to be maid be thame, Qi: Provyding alwayis, that this be not prcjudi-
ciall to ordinar Jurifdi(5tioun of Juges; bot that Men may perfcw thair Ac-
tiounes by Ordour of Law civilly or criminally, as they pleis.
This Contraft and Band came not onely to the Earis, bot alfb to the Sicht
ol the Quein Ebwager, quhairat fche ftormit not a litill, and faid, <Th Male-
dLlioiiii of God I geve thame, that coanJaUled me to ferfecute the Pre'icbeoiirs
and to refuis the Fetitiounii of the heft Parte of the trew SnhjeHis cf this Realms.
It ivas fiid to vie, That the Inglifche ylrmie add not ly in Scotland ten Day'is-
hot novo they have lyite neir a Mouethe, and ar niair lyk to reinane, then they '■j,ar
the firji Day they came. They that gave fick Infbrmatioun to the Quein, ipak
as warldly-wyis Men, and as Thingis apeircd to have bcin. For the Cuntrey
being almoft in all the Partis thairof waifted, the Vi(5i:uells nixt adjacent to
Leythe, eyther brocht in to thair Provifioun or ellis deftroyed 3 the Mylnes
and uther Places (as before is faid) being caf^in down, it apeired, that the
Camp could not have bcin furnifched, except it had bein by thair awn Schipis,
L 1 1 and
226 'The Hi /lor ie of the Reformatioun Lib. II].
and as that culd not have bein of ony lang Continewance, fb fould it have bein
nothinc comfortable. Eot God confounded all warldy Wifdome, and maid his
awn Benedi6lioun als evident to apeir, as if in a Maner he had fed the Army
frome above : For all Kynd of Vicluells thare was ma'ir aboundant, and of
niore eafie Prices in the Camp, at all Tymes that it lay ( efter that aucht Days
■wcr part ) then eyther they had bein in Edinhurghe ony twa Yeirs befoir, or
yit have bein in that Toun to this Day, the twenty of Mail i$66.
The Pepill of Scotland (o mekill abhorred the Tyrrany of the Frenche^ that
they wald have gevin the Subftance that they had, to have bein ride of that
chareeabill Burdein, quhilk our Synes had provoiked God to lay upoun us, .
in eevin us in the Hands of a Woman, quhome our Nobility in thair Folifch- ■
nes fold to Strangears, and with hir the Liberty of this Realme.
God^ for his grit Mercies Saik^ preferve us yit from farther Bondage, in the
quhilk we arlykto fall, gif he provyde not Remedy; for our Nobility mil yit re-
mane hlinde ftill, and wdl follow hir Jffe^iounSj cum efter qiihatfoevir may. Boc
to returne to our Hiftorie.
The Camp abounding in all neceflary Provifioun, Ordour was taiken for
Confirmatioun of the Seige ; and (b the Trenches wer drawin als neir the •
Toun as they gudely micht. The grit Campe removed from Rejialrig, to the
weft Syid of the Water of Leyth ; and fo wer the Cannonis planted for the
Battery, and did fchute at the fouth-weft Wall. Bot be Reflbun the Wall was
Eirthe the Breiche was not maid (b grit upoun the Day, bot that it was fuffi-
ciently repaired in the Night ; quhareof the Inglifche Men begyning to weary,
determinate to give the Brefche and Aflault, as that thay did upoun the 7th
of May I j6o, beginning befoir the Day licht, and continewing till it was neir
ievin Hours. And albeit the EngUfche and Scotis, with grit Slauchter of Soul-
diours of bothe, wer repulled, yit was thare nevir a fchairper Aflalt gevin of
(a few Hands ; for thay extendit not beyond a thoufand Men, that aflTaulted
the haill two Quarters of the Toun, and yit they dampned the haillBlok-houfes;
yea they once pat the Frenche clein of thair Wallis, and war upoun bothe the.
eift and weft Blok-hou(es, bot they wanted Backing, for thair Ledders wanted .
fex Quarters of thair juft Hicht ; and fo quhille the former wer compellit to
fechte upoun the Tope of the Wall, thair Fellowis culd not win to fupporte
thame, and fo war they by Multitude dung back agane, quhen it was one»
thocht that the Toun was wone.
Sir James Croaftis was blamed of mony, for not doing his Dewty that Day ;
for he was apointit, with a fufficient Number of the maift abillMen, to have
aftaulted the northe-weft Quarter upoun the Sey-fyid ; quhare at a law Wa-
ter ( as at the Tyme of the Aflault it was ) the Paflage was eafie. Bot ne-
ther he nor his approched to thair Quarter apointed. He had befoir, at thair firft
cuming in, fpokin with the Quoin Regent, at the fbir Blok-hous of the Caftell
of Edinhurghe. Quhither fche had inchanted him or not, we knaw not, bot by
Sufpicioun of that Day, in the quhilk he deceaved the Expeftatioun of mony;
and, fo far as Man culd juge, was the Caus of that grit Repuls ; fbr fum
afcryved the Schortnes of the Lethers to him: Bot that omitted, quhilk micht
have proceided of Negligence, his Abfence from the Perfuit of his Quarter
was the Caus that the Frenche, quhilk war apointed thare to defend, feing no
Perfuit, came to the Relief of thair Fellows; and fb the twa joyned togither,
with grit Slauchter, gave the Repuls to our Cumpany. The Frenche Mens
Harlotis, of quhome the maift Parte war Scotis Hures, did no les Cruelties
than
Lid. III. of Rdigionn in ^cot\-:xn(\. 227
than did theSouIdiours ^3r be(Vid thatthay chnrgcd rhair Pieces, and mini(!r;ire
unto rhame uther Weaponis, Cum continewally'caft Stones, funi carycd Chim-
neyis of burning Fyre, fum brocht Timber, and uther Impcdients of Wcicht
quhilk with grit Violence they threw over the Wall bpoun our Men bot c,
Specially quhen they began to tiirne thairRackes. Now albeit in all this we ac*
knawlege the fccret Wark of God, quho by lick Meanes wald bearc doun alC
well the Pryde of Inghwd as of Scotivirf, yit aucht nether the Fcblenes nor
Falfeitof Man to be excufit, nether yit the Cruelty of the Adverlaries be con-
cilled. The Qucne Regent fat at the Tyme of the Affault ( quhilk was bothe
tcrribell and lang; upoun the Foir-wall of the Cartel! of EJwlwgh, and quhen
fche perceaved the Overthrawofus,and that the Enfenyeis of the French wara-
gain difplayed upoun the Walls, fche gaveanCawfof Lauchter,andfaid, A^oaI-^/7/
/ go to the Mes, and prays God for that quhilk my Eyts have fent. And fo was
Freir Black ready for that Furpois, quhome (the hcrfelf a litell befoir had depre-
Jiendcd with his Harlote in the Chapell. Bot Huredome and Idolatry agrie
Weill togither, and that our Court can witnes this Day, the 1 6th of May
The Frenche proude of the Viaory, f^rypped naiked all the Slane, and laid
thair Carcafes befoir the hott Sone alang thair Wall, quhare they iTjftered
thame to lye mo Days than one: Unto the quhilk, quhen the Qucne Regent
luiked, for Mirthe fche hopped, and (aid, I'oiider ar the fair eft I'upefine that e-
vir I faw^ I wald that the kaill Feildes betwix this plaice and yon -wer /ireuied
•with the fame Sti'fe. This Faft was fein of all, and hir Words war hard of
Turn, and miflyked of mony ; againft the quhilk Jobie Knox fpak opinly in
Pulpit, and bauldly affirmit, 7but God foul d revenge that Ccnliimelte done to his
Image^ not onely m the furious and godles Soiildiotirs^ hot evin in fick as rejoyfit
thairat. And the very Experience declaircd, that he was not deceaved- for
within few Dayes efter (yea fum fay the lam Day) began hir Belly* and
loathefum Leges to fwell, and fo continewed, till that God did execute his Tuge-
menres upoun hir, as efter we fall heir.
The Defait receaved, it was fully perfwadcd to the Quene Regent, and hir
Faftioun, that the Seige wald rys, and that the Inglifche Army wald departe
And fo began the Papifles wonderoufly to brage ; and yit God did fruftrate
thair Expectatioun : For the Army determined to remain till new Adverteif^
ment come from the Quene and Counfaill.
The Duke of Northefolk, quho then lay at Berm'ck, comanded the Lord
Cray to continew the Seige, and promeifit. That he fotdd not -xant Men, fo
Jang as they u-ar to he had betmx Trent and Tweid ; for fo far -joas he Lieiiete-
mnt.^ He farther promeifit his awn Pre^^nce, in Cais he fould be required j
and lor AfTurance thairof he fent his awn Paviliounes, fick as feldome befoir
had been fein \n Scotland, with his Officiaris and Provifioun. And with Expedi-
tioun war fent two thoufind frefche Men, quhareby the Camp, grcitly com-
forted, began to forget the former Difcomfitour, and to fuftein the dayly
Skirmifcheing, as they did befoir : In the quhilk the Frenche, efter the Day
of the Aflault, did evir receave the Hurt and the Repuls, as the Slauchter
ofmony that came to the Cole-raik did witnes. The grittert Damage that outher
Jnglifche or Scotis receaved efter that Day, was the Slauchter of twa Gentil-
men, the ane Maifter of Hotfhaid to my Lord James, Rohert Colvene ofOeifche^
a Man f^out, models and wyfs, quho was fchote in the Thie, with an Facone
or Hagbute of Croicke, arid departed the Miferyof this Life within twa Hours
^ L 1 1 a efter.
228 . Tije Hi/tone of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
efter. The urher was Alexander Lockhart^ Brother to the Laird of 5(zr, quho
rafchely difcoveringhimfelf in the Trenches, was fchote in the Heid, and im-
mediatly ihairefter departit this Lyif
Quhill the Seage thus contincwed, a fuddane Fyre chanced in Leyth^ quhilk
devoured mony Houfes and mekle Victuell • and Co began God to fecht for us,
as the Lord Erfkine faid to the Quene Regent in plane Wordis, Madame
(quothe he) / can fie no fnoii\ hot fehig that Men may not expeli injitft PoJJeJJhiirs
furth of this Land, God him f elf will do ify for yon Fyi'e is not kindellit hy Man.
Quhilk "Words offended the Quein Regent not a littell ; quhofe Seiknes dayly
increfling, grit Craft fche uffit, that Monfieur d'Ofell micht have bein per-
mitted to iiave fpoken with her; belyke fche wald have bidden him fairwell;
(forthair auld Familiarity was grit ) bot that denyed, fche wrote, as it had
bein to hir Chirurgiane and Hepothecary, fchawing hir Graces Seiknes, and re-
quiring fum Droges. The Letter being prefented to the Lord Gray^ he efpyit
the Craft : for few Lynes being wryttin above, and fa mekill quhyte Paper
left, he (aid, Droges ar mair aboividant and frefcbear in Edinburghe, then they
can be in Leyth ; thare litrkethe heir fiim uthr Mijierie. And fb he began to
try, and be halding the Paper to the Fyre, he perceaved fiim Wrytting to
appeir, and Co began he to reid ; bot quhat it was no uther Man can t^ll,
for immediatly he brunt the Bill, and (aid to the MefTinger; Jlkeit I have
lein hir Secretary, yit tell hir, I fall keip hir Cowifaill. Bot fay to hir^ Sick
Waires will not fell till a new Mercat.
The Anfwer receaved, fche was nothing content j and then travellit fche
erneftly, that fche micht fpeik with the Erles drgylle, Glencairne, MerfJ^ell, and
with the Lord James. Efter Deliberatioun it was thocht expedient that they
fbuld fpeik hir, bot not all togither, leafl that fum of the Guyfanes Prac^eis
had lurkit under theCulIour of fickFreindfchip. HirRegreat was unto thame
all 'That fche had behavit hirfelf fo fiilifchelie, as that fche had compellit thame
io feik the Supporte of utheris, then of thair awm Soverane, and faid, That fche
foir repentit that evir it come to that Extremitie : Bot fche was not the wyte^
bot the wicked Counfaill of hir Freindis one the ane Parte, and the Erie (3^Huntly
one the uther Parte : For if he had not bein, fche wald have agreid with thame
at thair Comuning at Preftoun. They gave unto hir botbe the Counfaill and
the Comforte quhilk they culd in that Extremity, and willit hir to fend
for fum godly learnit Man, of quhome fche micht receave Inl^ruciioun, for
thefe ignorant Papifls that wer about hir, underftude nothing of the Myflery
of our Redemptioun. Upoun thair Motive was Johne Willock fend for, with
quhome fche talkit a reffonable Space, and quho did planely fchaw unto hir
alfweill the Vertew and Strenthe of theDeyth of Jefus Chrifl, as the Vanity
and Abhominatioun of that Idolle theMefs. Sche did opinlie confes, That
thair was no Sahatioun^ bot in and by the Deyth of Jefus Chrift ; bot of the
Mefs we hard not hir Confeflioun. Sum fay fche was anoynted of the Papi-
ftical maner, quhilk was a Signe of fmall Knowlege of the Treuthe, and of
les Repentance for hir former Superflitioun : Yet howfbevir it was, Chrift Jefus
gat no fmall Viftory over fick ane Enemy. For albeit before fche had avowit, .
That in Defpyte of all Scotland, the Preicheours of Chrifl Jefus fbuld eyther .
die or be banifched the Realme ; yet was Iche not oaely com.pellit to heir,
that Chrift Jefus was preached, and all Idolatry openly rebuiked, and in many
Places fuppreffed : Bot al(b fche was confVayned to heir one of the princi-
pal! Minif^ers of the Realme, and to approve the cheif Heid of Religioun,
quhare-
Lib. III. of Kcligioiin /;; Scotland. • 229
quharcin we diflcnt from all Papifls and Papiftry. Schort thareafter fche fini-
fchcd hir unhappy Lyf; unhappy, we fay, to Scothvu^, from the firftDay fche
enterit into it, unto the Day fche dcpartit this Lyfe, quhilk was the nyntc of
Jiiiit}, the Yeir of God 1560 Yeirs. God for his grit Mercies Saik rid us
from the reft of C/n/z./w Bluid. Ameu^ Amen. For of the Tyrranie of the
Gnyfiatie Bluid in hir, that for our Unthankfulnes, now reignethe above Us
we have had (ufficient Experience; bot of ony Vertew that evir was cfpyic
in King James the fyft fquhofe Dochter (che is calh't) to this Hour we have
ncvir fein any Sparkle to appeir.
Upoun the 1 6th Day of Jiwii, efter the Deyth of the Quene Regent came
in ScotLvid Monfieur Randame, and with him the Bifchope of Vallance in
ComifTioun flom France, to intreate of Peace : From England thare came
Sir JViil'tam Chilly cheif Secretary, and Doc%ur IVittonn. Thair Negotiatioun
was langlum, for bothe Bigland and we feiring Deceat, (bcht by all Means
that the Contraft fbuld be fuir. And thay upoun the uther Part, meaning to
gratif}' fick as had fend thame I'quho meanit nothing bot mere Fahcit ) pro-
traftitTyme to the uttermort : Yea,quhil!e that thame o{ Leythw^v very fcarity
of Vicluclls, and thefe of the Inche had periiched, had not bene that by Po-
licy they gat a Schip with Vi6luells, and fum f Invcnrioun, quhilk was upoun
Alidfomer-evin, quhareof they made no (ln:Ul Triumphe, quhilk al(b for a Sea-
Coun f^ayit the Apointment, yet in the End Peice was condudir in Forme as
follows.
Th ArUckks franfafled and agreit by the Reverent Father in God Johne Bifchope
of Vallance, and Monfieur Randame, Deputiis to the King and ^uein of
Scotland, upoun the Matteris prefentit to thame, b« Wcy of Petitioun for iht
Part of the Nobilitie and Pepill 0/ Scotland.
IN the firft, Upoun the Complaynt and Petitioun of the faid Nobility and
Pepill of this Cuntrey, anent the Numer of Men of Weir fulleincd be
thair Majefties in'thir Parts in Tyme of Peice ; It is humilly requeiftit be the
(aid Deputtes, that they wald provyde oportune Remedy thareupoun, to the
Solace and Releif of the Cuntrey. The faids Deputtes confidderand the faid
Defyre to be juft, and conforme to Reflbun, concludit, concordit,and alfirmir
That the Ring and Quene fall procure na Frenchemen of Weir, nor na uther
Natioun to cum to thir Parts in Tyme cuming. Bot if Strangears wald pre-
tend to enter in thisRealme with ane Army or Navy, to occupy the (:ime:
In the quhilk cafe Provifioun fall be maid by thair Majefties, the Jugcments
andCounfaiil of the Ertaites of the Realme being had thareto, and that the
Frenche Men of Weir now being in the Town of Z.f)'//',fall be fent to France the
fame Tyme that the Army and Navy of iheEnglifchemen and Scot lif men he fcailled
and departit bayth by Sea and Land, the quhilk fall be done in the beft maner
may be, as at mair lenth Confideratioun fall be had thareupoun : And as to the
Bands of Scottis Men of Weir being at the faid Place, they fall be brokin
and the Men of Weir licentiat to departe. Mareover, as to the Fortis of
Dunbar and Inchekeithe, thair fall remane in thame ane hundrethe and twenty
Frenchemen allanerly, quhilk fall be parted and diftributed in thir twa Places
and thair fall remane na ma in Dunbar bot threfcoir Men of Weir, fua it be
noc
M m m
t It feem» that this Word fbould be MunUkun.
230 The Hiftorie of the Kejormatioim Lib. III.
not affirmed be the Captanes chofen to that Effeft by bayth the Parties, that
for keiping of the fame, ane gritfer Number is not neidfull: Al(b to de-
parte quhen the Eftait of the Realme can find ane (ure and gud Remedy,
upoun the Expenfes maid in the faids Places, to kelp the fame fra Perrell of
Invafioun or Deprivatioun thareol: fra thame that wald pretend to occupy the
fame, they fall fchaw the fame to thair Majgfties als haiftely as may be donej
and in the mein Tyme the Number of the iaid Men of Weir fall not be aug-
mentit. And in lyk maner, it fall not be lefum to the laid Men of Weir, to
do any Injureis to any Perfbns, nor yet to mantein or defend ony Scotufman^
of quhat Quality foevir he be, againff the Will and Authority of the Magi-
ftrates of the Realme, or to receave thame in the faids Places, that the Mi-
niflier of Juftice may not put Hands in thame ; nor yet fall intromet with
thame ony maner of Way, with the Querrells and Difcords of the Lords, or
uther particular Men of this Realme ; Bot they thamefelfis fall be obleilt, in
cas of any Quarrel 1, to be puniiched efter the Laws and Confwetude of this
Realme, and to anfwer for thamefelfis befoir the Judges Ordinares for the
fame. Lafl of all, that fra this Tyme furth, they be not compellit to take
oneCredite, they fall be every Moneth fatisfeit of thair Wages, fua that twa
Scottii Lords chofin be the Counfaill, may prefent it, at Weapoun-fchawin
and Mouftours of the faid Men of Weir, and alfb to vifite the faids Forts,
to fie if the Nummer of thame be eiked j and it fall not be lefull to the
{aid Men of Weir to tak any Viftuellis for thair Suflentatioun,to the Munitioun
of the faids Places, bot be Payment of reddy Money numerat, and with the
Plelbur of thame that delivers the fame to thame ; and tharefore the faids
Lords oblifs thame to gif thame fa mekill as is neidfull to thame, they hav-
ing to pay tharefore.
Iiem^ Upoun the Petitioun prefentit to the faids Lords Deputis, anent the
Demolitioun of the Fortificatiounis, the faids Deputis confentis, concordir,
and affirmit. That the Fortificatioun o^ Leyth fall be demolifched, and that two
or thrieor four Captanes fall be chofen to bayth the Parties,to vifite the Caffell
oiDunhaiy and if it beis fundin be thame, that the Reparatioun, Amplifica-
tioun, and Fortificatioun maid thareof now efter the Peice, gritter Nummer
of Men is required to the keiping thareof, the Reparatioun and Fortificatioun
thareof fall be demolifched, fa fone as may be done, and fall remane onely
untuitched, that Thing quhilk may mak the laid Caftell mair fuir, and in leaft
Danger fra Invafioun. Provyding not the lefs that ria gritter Numer of Men
tharein be required for keiping of the fame. Mai rover, in Tymes cuming
the Ring and Quein fall mak na ma new Forts within this Realme, and fall
not augment thame that ar ellis maid, nor fall repair thame that ar demo-
lifched without Counfaill and Confent of the Eflaitis, nor yit fall tranfport to
thir Partis, any Attaillyerie, Munitioun of Weir, Powder or Viftuellis, bot
fa mekill as may gane for keiping of the faids Plaices be the Spaice of fex
Monethis or ane Yeir.
Item, Anent the Petitioun maid anent the Debtis contrafled be the French
Men of Weir in this Cuntrey, the faids concordit, that the Ring and Quein
fall caus reftoir all that quhilk happenis to be found gevin and granted to the
Ringis Lieuetenent and his Captanes, and utheris Officiaris, for the Nurifch-
ment, Suftentatioun, and Manteinance of the faid Frenchemen, or that quhilk
beis found aucht be the Lieutenent for Service of his Majef^y, that may ap-
peir be Writ, or ConfefTioun of Parties,
Lib. III. oj Rcligiotm in Scotland. 231
Item, Upoun the Petirioun maid ancnt the Convcntioun of Eftairis of this
Realmc, the faids Dcputis conlcntir, concordir, &.-. that the Eftaitis ot the
Realme may convein and hauld Parliament the twenty Day of the Monethe
of Jitiii nixt to cum ; upoun the quhilk Day the Padiament fall be continew-
ed, as Ufe is, unto the firrt Day of the Monethe of Ji{^u/i following. Pro-
vyding alvvayis, That bctoir or they begin to treate any Thing in the faid
Parliament, all Tumult of Weir be difchairgif, and ceis, that they that ar
preient may be tree without feir of Men of "Weir or utheris j and that in the
nieane Tyme ane MefTinger be fend be the faid Deputis to the King and
Quene, to certifie thame of they Thingis agreit, treatit and concordit re-
queifting thair Majefties humilly to be contented with the famyn. And the
faid Conventioun fall be als lawfull in all Refpeclis, as the famyn had bein
ordeyned and done be exprefs Comandiment of thair Majefties. Provyding
that na Matter tharein be treated befoir the faid firft Day of Aignji.
Item, Upoun the Artickle p^fented anent Weir and Peace, the faids De-
puttis confentis, concordis, &c. that the King and Quene nether mak Peice
nor Weir in thir Parts, bot be the Jugement, Counfaill, and Confent of the
thrie Efbits, according to the Ordinance and Confwetude of the Cuntrey •
and as was obferved be thair Predeceflburs.
Item, Upoun the Petitioun prefentit to the faids Deputes anent the Govern-
ment and Regiment of the Policy, they have confentit, St', that twenty four
worthy Men of this Realme be chofen be the thrie Eftaits, of the quhilks
the King and Quene fall chuis fevin, and the Eftaits fevintein ; quhilks in
thair Majefties Abfence fall tak Ordour, and mak ane ordinary Counfaill for
Adminiftratioun foirfaid, (a that na Man of quhatfoevir Quality he be, fall
have the Power to ordour any Thing to be done tuitching the faids Buflines
without the Meditatioun, Authority, and Confent of thame ; fa that the faids
Counfaillours fall convein together, als oft as they may, bot they fall convein
no les than twelf togither. And quhen ony Matter of Importance occurrs,
they fall be all called to confulf, and tak Ordour be thame, or the maift
Parte of thame, if neid beis. And if it happens ony of the faid fevin chofen
be the King and Quene to deceis, thair Majefties falJ chuis ane uther furth of
the faid Number of 24, in plaice of him that deceifes. And if ony of the
4kids 1 7 chofen be the Eftaits deis, the remanent foirchofen be thame fall
name ane uther of the faid Numer of 24. Mareover, if it bes thocht expe-
dient to the faids Eftaites, that uther twa be augmented to the faid Numer
of 1 2, then and in that cas the King and Quene fall chufe ane, and the E-
ftaites ane uther. And fa was this Artickle agred under Conditioun, that is to
fay, That the fame be na Prejudice in Tyme cuming to the King and Quene,
and Richts of the Crown. And the faids Deputtes offered thair Labours to
mak Meditatiouns to the King and Quene, for menteining Penflouns and Ex-
penfes of the faids Counfaillours, and ordinary Officiars of the faid Counfaill,
to be provyded of the Rents and Proventis of the Crown.
Item, Upoun the Petitioun maid to the faids Deputes, anent the Ofiici-
ciars of this Realme, Qi. they confented and concorded, Qfc. That in Tyme
cuming the King and Quein fall not depute ony Strangears in the Admini-
ftratioun of the civill and criminal! Juftice, and in lykewayes in the Office
of Chancellary, Keeper of the Seall, Thefaurer, Comptroller, and uther lyke
Offices, and fall not ufe thame, bot fall be content with thair awn Subjeftis
borne within this Realme. Mareover, it fall not be lefull to put the Offices of
M m m 2 The*
232 The Hi ft or ie of the Reformat tou?i Lib. III.
Thefaurie, ControUerie, into the Hands of ony Kiikman, or iithers quhilks
are not abell to exerces the (aids Offices, the quhilks Controller and Thefaurer
fall be provyded of fufficient Comiflioun to ufe the iaids Offices. Bot it fall
not be lefull to thame to difpoin, or (ell Wards of Marriages, or uther Ca-
dualities, or ony uther Thing quhatlumevir they be, perteining to thair Offi-
ces, without Coun(aill and Confent of the (aid Counlaill, to that Etfeft that
the Coun(aill may knaw, that all Things be done to the Profite of the King
and Quein ; and yit they will not bynd, or aftrifi the King and Quein be
this Artickle, that they may not gife quhen they think expedient.
Item, They concorded, That in the firft Conventioun and Parliament of the
El^aits of this Rcalme, there (all be conltitute, ordained, and e(iibli(ched a
Law of Oblivioun, whiche efterwards (all be confirmed by the King and
Queins Majel^ies : By the whiche all Remembrance of bearing of Armour^
and uther Things whiche has bene done, (all be buryed, earthed, and for-
get, fra the fext Day of the Monthe of Mer^:>e, in the Yeir of God ij;8
Yeirs. And be the (am Law, they which have contravened the Lawis of
this Realme (all be eximed, and fre of all Paynes conteined tharein, ficklyk
as if it had nevir bene contravenad; provyding that the Priviledges of the
faid Law be not extended to thame whiche the Eftaits of the Realme (all
" think unworthie thareof
Item, It is agreed and concluded, That in the (aid Conventioun, or Parlia-
ment, the Eftaits of the Realme, as Ufe is, and of the Maner is requyred,
fall' be called ; in the whiche all they that have ufit to convein, and be pre-
fent, may cum without all Fear or Force done, or to be done 10 thame be
ony Per(bne, (Iia that the (aids (all obleis thame, that quhare in Tyme cum-
ing ony Seditioun, or Conventioun of Men of Weir (all hapen to be, with-
out the Comand of the Counlaill, being of the Number of twelf, the Re-
alme and Cuntrey (all repute the Cau(ers thareof^ and thame that conveins,
as Rebellis, and (all pur(ew thame as ficklyk, tliat they may be punilched
by the Lawis of the Realme, (b that the King and Quein (all not be com-
pelled in Tymes cuming to (end ony Men of Weir, or Strangears in thir
Fartes, for obteining of dew Obedience of thair Subjeftis.
Item, They olfered to concord and aggree,That thare (all be a generall Peace
and Reconciliation among all Lords and Subjeds of this Realme ; Co that they
that ar called of the Congregatioun, and they whiche ar not of the fam, (all
put no Reproche to uthers of the Things whiche arc done fra the laid (ex Day
of Mercbe i J^S.
Item, They offered, concorded, and affirmed, That the King and Quein fall
not per(ew, revenge, nor mak ony Perfecution of the Things that have bene
done, nor yit (all they (u(fer the (am to be done be thair Subjecls, Frenche-
men, bot (all have all Things in Oblivioun, as if the (am had nevir bene done.
And ficklyk, the Lords of this Realme of Scotland (all do in all BufinelTes
betwix thame and the Frencbemen in thir Partes. And if, by finiiler Infbrma^
tioun, or ony uther Occafioun, thair Majefties have conceaved an evill Opini-
oun againft thair Subje6ts, they (all utterlie forget and change the (am ; nor
they (all not depryve ony of thame, nor devyde ony of thame, or of thair Sub-
jefts, of the Offices, Benefices, or Eftaits whiche they have bruiked in the
faid Realme befor, be Reflbun of ony Things they have medled with, fra the
ftid kxT>2iy of Merche IJ58. And farder, (all mak na Occafioun ofDepri-
vatioun, or depofjng of thame by ony uther Cullour without Caus, bot rather
they
Lib. III. of Religtotm in Scotland. 233
they fall cfteim and create thame in T} mc cuming as gude and obedient Sub-
je6^s, provyding that the faids Lords and uthers Subjet^ls, one thair Parte, mak
to thair Majcrtics haill Obedience, licklyk as uther naturall and faythfull Sub-
jects aucht to thair Soveranes.
//£■/«, It is concorded and aggrced, That it fall be lefum to nane of the
Lords of the Kobility of Scotland^ or ony uthers, to mak Convocatioun of
Men of Weir, bot in the ordinary Caufcs approved be the Lawis and Con-
IVs-etude of the Realme ; and that nane of thame fall caus ony Men of Weir,
Strangcars, to cum in thir Partes, and mekell lefs fall attenipte to do ony
Thing againrt the King and Quein, or againft the Authority of the Counfaiil,
and uther Magiftrates of the Realme ; and they whiche have prefented the
faid Petitioun, fall be oblifched thareunto. And in cafe ony of thame, or
uthers, find Occafioun to invaid, or tak Armour aganft ony Man, as he pre-
tends, efter that he have comunicate the Matter with the Counfaiil of the Re-
alme, he fall prefent his Complaint to thair Majefteis ; and generally they fall
obleis thame, under the faids Paynes, to do the Things whiche perteins to
gude and faythfuU Subjefts, for the Quictncs and Tranquillitie of the Realme,
and Richts of thair Soveranes.
//<fw. It is agreed, &c. That if ony Bifchopis, Abotis, or ony uther Kirk-
men, 611 plaint or alledge thame to have receaved ony Injuries, eyther in
thair Perfbnes or Gudes, the Plaint fall be fein and confiddered be the Etiaits
in the faid Conventioun and Parliament, and thare fall be maid Redres as
they fall find according to RelTone: And, in the meane Tyme, no Man fall
ftoppe thame, bot they fall bruke thair Gudes ; nor fall do ony Skayth In-
jury, or Violence to thame. And if ony does contravein to this Artickle, he
fall be perfewed be the Lords, as ane Perturber of a gude Comoun-welthe.
//««, It it concorded, &c. That the faids Lords fall obleis thame to ob-
(erve, and caus to be obferA'ed, all and fundrie Points and Artickles agreed
in this Treatife : And if it happens that ony of thame, or ony uther wald
contravein the fame, the remanent Lords, and Refidevv of the haill Pepill
(all be Enemies to him, and fall perfew him till he be chaftifed and punifch*
ed according to his Demerites.
Item^ It is concorded, E^c. That all the haill Realme may knaw, that the
Ring and Quene are not willing to ony Remembrance of ony of the Trubils
and Differences bygane, and fo far as concernes the Nobility, and uther Sub-
jefts of the Realme, that thair Majefties defyre to treate thame humanelie
and to be favourabeil unto thame ; the faids Deputs hcs promifit and con-
corded, that the Duke of Cbaltelkraidt, and all urhers Nobill Men oi' Scotland
fall be remitted, and put agane in all thair Gudes and Benefices, whiche they
had and joyfed in Fnime^ that they may bruke and joyfe the fam in the fam
Maner as they did of befor the Dilferences, the fext Day of Merche i ;;8 Yeirs
forfaid, evin as the faid Contraverfies had nevir chanced : And alfb, that all
Capitulaticuns and Artickles aggreed upoun in Tymes bygane, and fpecially
they that war appointed in the King and Quenes Contraft, fall be obferved
and keipit, alfweill for the Parte of thair Majef^ies as for the Parte of
the Nobilitie and Pepill of Scotlvid. And as concerning Dwjid Sone to
the faid Duke of CkatteUerauh^ now being in Boys de Vincent^ Libertie fall
be granted to him to returne to Scotland^ and to do as he pleifes. Mair-
over, quhen the faids Deputes exponed, that fum Tyme it micht chance
that the Ring micht mif^er of his grit Gunis and Artillyrie in France*
N n a xhi
234 ^^^■'^ Hi ft or ie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
the (aids Lords haveing Confideratioun thareof^ concorded, that na urher
Artillyrie be tranfported or tranllated out of this Realme, bot they whiche ■
Wer fent and brocht in fra the Day of the Deceis of Francis King of France,
of gude Memory, to thir Partes ; and that all uther Artillyry and Munitioun
be reponed in Places quhare they wer takin furth, and in Ipeciall that have
the Amies of Scotland^ fall be put in the Places quhare they wer takin furth
of and thare (all be Nobill Men of Scotland apointed tharefoir, and twa for
the Parte of the Rings Majeftie ar to be depute, to recogno(ce the fame
afor the fchipping thareof
And mareover, that quhare for the Parte of the Nobilitie and Pepill of
Scotland^ certane Artickles concerning the Religioun, and uther Points, wer
crefented, whiche the (aids Deputes wald not twitche ; bot confiddering the
"Wecht and Importance of thame, remitted the fame to be recogno(ced and
decyded by thair Majefties. The (aids Lords and Nobilitie promefit, that ane
certane Nummer of Nobill Men (buld be cho(in in the nixt Conventioun and
Parliament, to be fent to thair Majefties, whiche fall expone to thair Hei-
neflfes the Things whiche (all be thocht neidfull for the Eftait of thair Bu-
fines ; and for the formentioned, and uther Artickles and Pointes undecyd-
ed with the '(aids Deputes, to the Effeft that they may knaw thair Majefties
Intentioun and Benevolence, upoun the Things whiche (all be exponed for
the Parte of the Cuntry, the quhikls als (all have with thame ane Confir-
matioun and Ratificatioun by the Eftaits of the Realme, of the Artickles
quhilks ar concorded and agreed be the (aids Deputes, to quhome als the
fame Tyme, or of befbr, (all be gevin and delivered ane lyke Conlirma-
tioun and Rati(icatioun maid by thair Majefties, (b being that the (aids E-
flaits fend thair Ratificatioun forlaid.
The Proclamatioun of thir Thingis above written and maid, the 8th Day of
Julii, the Yeir of God i;6o.
rO the Loving of the moji PuiJJant Lord and Comfort of all Chrifttams, tie maift
pliffant Prince and Princes, and maiji Chriftiane King and ^uein Francis
and Marie, he the Grace of God King and %:ein of France and Scotland, and
ly the mofl puiffant Princes Elizabeth, hy the fame Grace, ^uein of England,
, &c. it is concordit, and Keconciliatioun of Peace and Amity maid, qiihilk is to be
obferved inviolable amongis thame, thair SubjeHis, Realmes and Cimtreyis, foraf-
mekill as in Name of the faid Prince and Prince fs, it is commanded and Jiraitly chairg-
ed to all Maner of Perfones under thair Obedience, or being in thair Service,
fra this Tyme furth, to defili fra all Hoftilitie, bayth by Sey and Land, and to
keip ane gude Peice, the ane with the uther, and with Chairge to the BreakeriSf
tinder thair grit Perrill.
Thefe Things tran(a61:ed, and the Peice proclamed, as (aid is, (iiddane Pro-
vifioun was maid for tran(porting of the Frenche to France, of quhome the
moft Parte war put into the Englifche Schipis, quho al(b caryed with thamff
the haill Spoyllie of Leyth ; and that was the fecund Benefite, quhilk they re-
ceaved of thair late promeifed Liberty, the End quhareof is not yit cum.
The Englifche Army by Land departed, the i6th o£Julii, the Yeir of God 1/60
Yeirs. The moft Parte of our Nobility Proteftantes honorably convoyed thame
(as in very deid they had Weill deferved ) Bot the Lord James wald not leave
the Lord Gray, with the uther Nobilmen of England, till that they entered in
Berwick
Lib. III. of Religiotm in Scotland. 235
JBer-wick. Efter qiihais retiirnine; the Coun(aill began to lukc alfvveill upoun
the Affairs of the Comoun-wclthc, as upoun the Matters that micht concerne
the Stability of Rcligioun. Asbetbir we have hard, the Parliament was con-
cluded to begin the 20 of yulii, and to be continewed till the ift of Jugujl
nixt ; and tharcfore the Lords maid the gritrer Expcditioun, that all Things
micht be put in convenient Ordour. Bot before all Things, the Treicheours
exhorted thame ( for then in Edi)ibin\^be wer the cheif Parte of the MiniRcrs of
theRealme) to be thankfull unto God ; and nixt to provide, that the Mini-
fters micht be diftributed, as the NecelTity of theCuntrey required. A Day was
flatute, quhen that the haill Nobility, and gritteft Parte of the Congregatioun,
aflembled in Sanft G\les Kirk in Edbihingbe^ quhare efter the Sermone maid
for that Purpofe, public^ Thankes wer gevin unto God, for his mereifull Deli-
verance, in Forme as follows.
'j'baiikfgtving for our Deliverance^ -jsith Prayer'u.
OEternell and Everlafting God, Father of our Lord Jcfus Ghrift, quho
hes not onely comanded us to pray, and promeifit to heir us, but alio
willert us to magnifie thy Mercies, and glorifie thy Name, quhen thow fchaw-
eft thy felf pitifuU and fivourabell unto us; efpecially quhen thow delivers us
from difperat Dangeres: For fo did thy Servantis, y^/T.z/-jw, DavU, Jehofaphat
undEzecbiiH, yea, thy haill Pepill of 7/')-(7£7 omitted not the lam, quhen thow
by thy micnty Hand did confound thair Enemies, and did deliver thame fiom
Feir and Danger of Deyth intended. We aucht not, nor can we foryet O
Lord, in how miferabell Eftait, liude this pure Cuntrey, and we the juft In-
habitantes of the fame, not mony Days part ; quhen Idolatry was manteined
quhen cruell Strangears did impyre, quhen Virgines war defloured, Matrones
corrupted, Mens Wyfis violently and villanoufly opprelTed, the Bluid of Inno-
centes fched without Mercy ; and finally, quhen the injuft Comandments of
proude Tyrantes wer obeyed, as ane Law. Out of thofe Miferies, O Lord^
culd neyther our Wit, PoUicy nor Strenthe deliver us ; yea, thow dideft
(chaw to us, b(K<j zwie liDas the Heipe of Mau^ qtihair thy Bleffing gevethe not
V'lclorie. In thofe our Anguifches ( O Lord ) we fobbed unto the, we cryic
for thy Helpe, we proclamed thy Name, as thy troubled Flock, perfecuted
for thy Treuthes Saik. Mercifully hes thow hard us, O Lord , mercifully we
lay, becaus that nether in us, nether yit in our Confederates, was thare any
Caua quhy that thow fouldei^ have gevin unto us fo joyfull and fuddane a De-
liverance ; for nether of us bothe ceafllt to do wickedly, even in the Middsft
of our gritteft Troubles ; and yit hes tbow luiked upoun us fa pitifully, as
that we had gevin unto the mofi: perfyte Obedience: For thow hes difap-
pointed the Counfaills of the Crafty ; thow hes brydilled the Raige of the
Cruell, and thow hes of thy Mercy fet this our perifchingRealme at arefTonable
Liberty. Oh give us Hairts (thow Lord that onely gives all good GiftesJ
with Reverence and Feir, (o meditat thy wondrous Warks late wrocht in our
Eyis. Lat not the Remerribrance of the fam unthankfully to flipe out of our
wavering Mynds. We grant and acknawlege, O Lord, that quhatfbevir we
have receaved faH fall in Oblivioun with us, and fb turne to our Condemna.
tioun ; unles thcw by the Power of thy Holy Spreit, keip and retene us in re.
cent and perpetual! Memory of the fam. We befeik the tharefcir, 0 Father
of Mercies, that as of thy undeferved Graice, thow hes partely icmoved our
N n n 3 Darknes
2 %G The Hijlone of the Reformatioun L i b. III.
Darknes fuppreffed Idolatry, and taiking from above our Heids the devouring
Sword ofmercilesStrangears, that fb it will pleis the, to procejd with us in this
thy Graice begun. And albeit that in us thare is nothing that may move thy
Maiefty to (chaw us thy Favour ; O yit, for Chrift Jefus thy onely weil be.
loved Sone's Saik ( quho's Name we beir, and quho's Doftrine we profes )
we befeik the nevir to fulfer us to forfaik, or deny this thy Verity, quhilk now
we profefs: Bot feing thatthow hes mercifully hard us, and hes cauflit thy
Verity to triumphe in us ; fb we crave of the Continewance to the End, that
thy godly Name may be glorified in us thy Creatures. And feing that nothing
is more odious in thy Prefence ( O Lord ) then is Ingratitude, and Violati-
oun of an Othe, and Covenant maid in thy Name; and feing that thow hes
maid our Confederates of England^iht Inftruments, by quhome we ar now fet
at this Liberty, to quhome we in thy Name have promeifit mutuall Fayth
agane ; Let us nevir fall to that Unthankfulnes, O Lord, that eyther we de-
clair ourfeifis unthankfull unto thame, or Frophaneris of thy holy Name. Con-
found thow the Counfaills of thofe that go about to break that moft godly
League contrafted in thy Name, and retene thow us fb firmly togither, by
the Power of thy holy Spreit, that Sathan have nevir Power to fit us agane at
Variance nor Difcord. Geve us thy Graice to lyve in that Chriflian Charity, whiche
thy Sone our Lord Jefus, hes fb earnel^ly commandit to all the Members of his
Body that uther Natiouns, provoiked by our Example, may fet alyde all un-
Eodly Weir, Contenriouns and Stryfe, and fludy to live in Tranquillity and
Feice as it becums the Scheip of thy Paflure, and the Feple that dayly luikethe
for our finall Deliverance, by the Cuming again of our Lord Jefiis. To quhome,
with thee, and the Holy Spirit, be all Honour, Glory and Frays now and
cvir. Amen.
Heirefter wer the ComllTioneris of Burghes, with fum of the Nobility and
Baronis apointed to fie the equall Diflributioun of Minifters, to change and
tranfporte, as the moft Parte fbuld think expedient. And fb wes Johie Knox
apointed to Edinburgh^ Chriftopher Gudeman ( quho the moft Parte of the Tru-
bells had remained in Air ) wes apointed to Sanft Afidrois, Adame Heriot to A-
lerdeue^ Mr. Johne Row to Sanft Johneftom^ Paull Meffane ( to quhome was no
Infamy than knawn ) to Jedburghe, IVilliam Chriliefone to Diindie, and Da-
vid Fergufoun to Dumfermlingy and Mr. David Liiidefay to Leytb. Thare war
nominat for Superintendents, Mr. Jolme Spottifwode for Lauthiane^ Mr. Johue
Winrame for Fyfe, Mr. Johne Willock fbr Glafgow^ the Laird of Dun for Angus
and Mernes, Mr. Johne Carfwell for Argyll and the Ilks. Thefe to be ellefted
at the Days apointed, unles that the Cuntreys, quharein they war to be apoint«
ed could in the mein Tyme find out Men more abill or fiifficient, or ells fchaw
fick Caufes, as micht inhabill thame from that Dignity.
The Parliament aproching, dew Adverteifment was maid be the Counfaill to
all fick as by Law and ancient Cuflome had, or micht clame to have Vote
tharein. The Affembly was grit, notwithflanding that fum, alfweill of thefe
that wer called fpirituell as temporall Lords contemptuoufly did abfent thame-
(elves. And yit the cheif Pilleres of the Fapiflicall Kirk gave thair Prefens,
fick as the Bifchopes of San6i; Androis^ Dimblane and Dunkeldj with uthers of
the inferiour Sort, befydes thame that had renuncit Fapiflry, and opinly profef^
fit Jefus Chrift with us, fick as the Bifchope of Galloway, the Abbottes of
Lendores, CiilrofSy Sanft Colmes Inche^ Nmbottell and HalyrudehouSy the Pryour of
Sanft
l!iD. III. of Kclgwtiii />; Scotland. 237
SfiQ^^nJrois^ CoUit/fJhvn; :ind Sarnfl Marie ///?, thcSuppriour of Sanft y^Wm/,
and divers urhers quhomc ue oblcrved nut.
At the lame Tyme of Pariiament, Johie Knox publictly taucht the rropher
Haggeui\ the Doctrine was proper for the Tyme. In Applicatioun quhareof
hp was lo fpeciaH, and (b vehement, that fum, having gritter Refpeft to the
^'arld then to God's Glory, feilling thamefelfis pricked, laid in Mockage, IVe
nun now forget ourfelfis^ ami heir the Burrow, to Ntild the tlom of God. God be
mercifull to the Speiker; for we feir, that he (all have Experience, that the
Building of his awn Hous (the Hous of God being dcfpyfit) fill not belo pro.
rperous, and of fick Firmity, as we dcfyreit wer. And albeit fum mocked,
yit uthers wer godly moved, quho did alfembill thamefelfis togither to con-
fult quhat Things wer to be proponed to that prefent Parliament ; and efter De-
liberatioun was this fubfequent Supplicatioun offerit.
The Baronisy Gevtillmen, Biirzeffes, and utheris trew Suljeclis of tl-is Reahne,
ft of effing the Lord Jepis within the fdme,
*To the Nohilitie atid Staitis of Parliament prefentUe apemhied within the faid Re-
alme, defyre Graice, Mercie and Peiee, from God the Father of our Lord Jefus
Cbrijij with the Incres of his HoUe Spirit^ &c,
PLeas your Honours to reduce to Remembrance, how divers and flindry
Tymes, we (with fum of yourfelves) moft humilly fuitted at the Feet
of the late Quene Regent, Fredome and Liberty of Confcience, with a zpd\y
Reformatioun of Abules, quhilk, be the Malice of Sathan and Negligence of
IVJen, ar croppen in, in the Religioiin of God, and ar menteined be fick as
tak upoun thame the Name of Clergy. And albeit that our godly and maift
relVonable Suit wes then dilclaynefully rejected, quhareof no fmall Trubles have
enfewed, as your Honours well knaw, yet feing that the fime Neceflity yet
remanelhe that then moved us ; and mareover, that God of his Mercy hes
now put into your Hands to tak fick Ordour, as God thareby may be glori-
fied, this Comoun-welthe quieted, and the Policy thareof eftabli/ched We
cannot ceas to crave of your Honours the Redres of fick Enormities, zs ma-
nifeftly ar, and of lang Tyme have bene, comitted by the Place-halders of
the Miniftry, and uthers of the Clergy within thisRealme. And fir ft ^ Seing
that God of his great Mercy, by the Licht of his Word, hes manifefted to no
fmall Nummer of this Rcalm.e, that the Doctrine of rheRomave Kirk, receav-
ed by the (aid Clergy, and menteined throw thair Tyrany by Fyre and
Sword, conteinerh in itfelf mony peftiferous Errours,"quhi]k cannot bot bring
Damnatioun to the Saulls of fick as tharewith (all be infefted; fie as ar the
Doctrine of Tranfubliantiatioun ; of the Adoratioun ot Chrids Body, undcf
the Forme of Bread, as they tearme it ; of the Merits of Warks, and Jul^i-
ficatioun that they allege cumeth thareby ; together with the Doctrine of the
Papilticall Indulgences, Purgatory, Pilgrimage, and praying to Sanfts depart-
ed ; quhilk all eyther repugne to the plane Scriptures, or ells have no Ground
of the Doftrine of our Malter Jefus Chri(i, his Prophets, nor Apoftles.
Firfty We humilly tharetore crave of your Honours, That fick Dv)ftrine
and Idolatry as by God's Word ar bothe condemned, (b may thev be abolifch-
ed be Aft of this prcient Parliament, and Puni(chmcnt apointed tor the Tranf-
grelTburs.
O o • Secioidlie^
238 The Hijlorie of the Keformatiomi L i b. HI.
Secimdlie, Seing that the Sacraments of Jefus Chrift ar moft fchamefully
abufeJ and prophaned by that Romane Harlot and hir fworne Vaflalls ; and
alfb becaus that the trew Difciplin of the ancient Kirk is utterly now amongs
us and that Se<5t extinguifched : (For quho within the Realme ar more cor-
rupt in Lyfe and Maners, than ar they that ar called the Clergy, living in
Huredome, Adultery, defloring Virgins, corrupting Matrones, and doing all
Abhominatioun, without fear of Punifchment j) We humilly tharefore defyre
your Honours td find Remedy againft the one and the other.
Thridlie^ Becaus that Man of Sin moft falfly doeth clame ro himfelf the
Tittles of, 'Jhe Vkare of Chrift^ The Succeffour of Peter, The Heid of the Kirk^
That he cannot eire, That all Power is granted unto him^ &c. by the quhiJk
ufurped Authority, he takes upoun him the Diftributioun and PofFeflioun of
the haill Patrimony of the K'yrk, quhareby the trew Minifters of the Worde
of G >d lang Tyme hes bene altogether neglected, the godly Learning ded
pyfed, the Schuilles not provyded, and the Pure not onely defrauded of thare
Portioun, bot alio moft tyrranoufly opprefled : We lykways hereof defyre
Remedy.
And leaft that your Honours fbuld dout in ony of the former Premifes,
we oiTer our felves evidently to prove. That in all the Rabill of the Clergy
thair is not ane lawfiill Minifter, if God's Word, the Praftes of the Apoftles,
the Sincerity of the primitive Kyrk, and thare awn ancient Laws, fall juge of
lawfull Eleftioun. We farder offer our felfis to prove thame all Theves and
Murtherers, yea, Rebells and Tratours to the lawflill Authority of Empe-
roufs. Rings and Princes, and tharefore unworthy to be fuffered in ony re-
formed Comoun-wealth. How malicioufly they have murthered our Bre-
thren, f )r no uther Caus, bot for that they have offered unto us the Licht of
God's Word, your Honours cannot be ignorant j and in quhat Hafard thair
Tyrrany hes brocht this haill Realme, the Ages efter will confidder. If ye
luke in thame for any uther Frute in Tymes to cum, then ye have fene ia
thame quhome we accufe, we ar afTured ye fall be deceaved. Now hes God,
beyond all Expeftatioun of Man, made yourfelves, quho fumtymes wer Sup-
plyantes with us for Refbrmatioun, Juges, as it war, in the Caufe of God :
At leaft, he hes fo fubdewed your Enemies unto yow, that by Violence
they ar not able to fupprefs the Verity, as haretofbr they have done. We
tharefore, in the Bowells of Jefus Chrift, crave of your Honours, that eyther
they may be compelled to anfwer to our former Accufatiouns, and unto ficfc
uther Things as we juftly have to lay to thare Charges,or ells that Call AfTeftioun
layd afyde) ye pronunce thame fick by Cenfement of this Parliament, and
caus thame to be fb reputed, as by us moft juftly they ar accufed : Efpecial-
ly, that they may be decerned unworthy of Honour, Authority, Charge, or
Cure within the Kirk of God ; and Co from hencefurth never to joy Vote in
Parliament, Quhilk if ye do not, then, in the Fear of God, and by the
AfTurance of his Word, we fbrewarne yow, that as ye leave a greavous Yock
and a Burden intollerabell upoun the Kyrk of God within this Realme, Co fall
they be Thornes in your Eyes, and Pricks in your Sydes, quhome efter,
quhen ye wald, ye fall have no Power to remove. God the Father of our
Lord jefus Chrift give yow upricht Hearts, feking his Glory, and trew Un-
derftanding, quhat this Day he quho hes delivered yow from Bondage both
Spirituell and Temporall, cravethe of 3-0 w by his Servantes: And your Anfwer
maift humilly we require.
This
I B. III. of Rcligictr,] in Scotland. 23^
This our Supplicatioiin being red in Audience of the haill Aflcmbly di-
vers Men wer of divers Jugemenrcs ; for as li.m tharc war chat uprichily (a-
voiired the Cans ofGod, fo war tharc maney that fir warldly Rcfpects abhor-
rtd a perfyrc Rcformatioun, (for how mony within Siotlaid that have the
Name of Ncbility, ar nor injurt Pofrcflburs of the Patrimony of the Kirk)
and yet wer the Barroncs and Minifters called, and Comandmcnt geven unto
thame, to draw in plane and fevcrall Heads, the (bum of that Doctrine quhjlk
they wald mantene, and wald defyrc that prefcnt Parliament to elbblifchc as
liollbme, rrew, and onely ncceflary to be beleved and receaved within that
Rc?lme Ouhilk they willingly accepted, and within four Days prefent-
e.-l this Conteflioun as it follow ethc, without Altcratioun of any ane Sen-
tence.
57'if ConfelTioun of Fayth profejfed and heleveJ hy the Proteftantis nsoithin the Re.
(lime 0/ Scotland, publifched by tlame in Parliament, and hy the EJiaitis thaie-
of ratifeit and -aprovit , as holefome and found T)o^Tiine, grounded iipoim the in-
fallilull ^reutbe of Godis Word.
Rfarhei xxiv. And this glaid Tydingu of the Kingdome fall be preicljed throw the
haiil IVorldj for a Witnes unto ail Natiounis, and then fall the End cum.
The P R E F AC E.
The Eftaites of iSro/Z^W, with the Inhabitants of the fame, pro fcfli ng Ch rift
Jeftis his holy Evangell, to thair naturall Cuntreymen, and unto all uther
Reaimes and Natiouns, profelTing the fame Lord Jefus with thame, wifcli
Grace, Mercy and Peice from God the Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift
with the Spirit of rychteous Jugemenr, for Salutatioun.
T Ang have we thrifted {^ear Brethrein) to have notified unto the IVarld the
*- Soum of that DoSIrine quhilk -jue profes, and for the quhilk we have fafterned
Infamy and Danger. Bot fick bes bene the Rage of Sathan againft us., and againii
Chrift Jefus his eterndl Verity laitly borne among us, that to this Day na I'yme bes
bene granted unto us, to cleir our Confciences, as maift gladlie isie wald have done :
For how we have bene tojfed a haill Yeir bypaft, the maift Parte of Europe (as
we fuppois) dois underftand. Bot feing that of the tnfinite Gudenes of our God
{qiiho never fufferethe his afflilied utterly to he confounded) above Expe^ation,
we have obteined fum Re It and Liberty, we culd not bot fet furth this breve and
plane Confeffioun of fick Do^rine as is proponed unto us, and as we beleve and
proft's, partely for Satis faclioun of our Brethren, quhos Hairts we dout not have
bene and yet ar wounded by the defpytjuU raylling of fick as yet have not learned
to f pel k well: And partely for ftoppwg of the Mouths of impudent Blafphemers, quho
lauldlie condemne that quhtlk they have nouther hard nor underjiiide : Not that
we pge that the canckerit Malice of fick is abill to be cured by this fimple Con.
feffwun ; No, we knaw that the fweit Savour of the Evangell is and fill be Deyth
to the Sones oj Perditioun. Bot we have cheif refpeil to our watk and infir me Bre-
threin, to quhome we wald comunicat the Bottome of our Hairts, kaft that they
be trubkd and caryed away be Diver fitie of Rumours quhilk Sathan fparfetb con.
O o o s trair
• 240 ^/^^ Hi/lone of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
trair us, 10 the defaceuig of this our godlie Interpryis ; protefi'wg, 'fhat if any Man
will note in this our Confeffioun any Ar tickle or Sentence repugning to Gods HoM
Word, that it imald pleis him, of his Gentilnes, and for Chriftiam Cheriteis Saik,
to admonifche ui of the fame in Writte, and we of our Honours and Fidelitie do
promeis unto him Satisfaciioun fra the Mouthe of God, that is, fra his Holie Scrip-
tures, or ells Reformatioun of that quhilk he fall prove to he amifs. For God we
iak to Record in our Confciences, That froyn our Hairts -jue ahbore all Se^is of
Herefie, and all Teichers of erroneous De^rine ; and that with all Humilitie we
embrace the Puritie ofChrifts Evangell, quhilk is the onelie Fude of our Saiills ; and
iharefore fo precious unto us, that we ar determined to fuffer the Extremkiv of
warldlie Danger, rather than that we will fiijjer our felvis to be defrauded of the
fame; for heirof we ar maift certanely perfwaidit. That quhofoever denys Chrift
Tefus, or is archamed of him, in Prefence of Men, fall be denyed befor the
Father, and befor his holy Angells ; and thairfoir be the Affiflance of the michtie
Spirit of the fame Lord Jefus^ we firmelie purpois to ahyde to the End in the
Confeffioun of this our Fayth.
I. Of GOD.
WE confefe and acknawledge ane oiiely God, to quhome onely we moft
cleave, quhome onely we moft worfchip, and in quhome onely we
put our Truft, quho is eternall, infinite, unmeafurabill, incomprehenfibill, om-
nipotent, invifibill, ane in Subftance, and yit diftinft in thre Perfones, the
Father, the Sone, and the Holie Ghoft ; Be quhom we confefe and beleve
all Things in Heaven and in Earth, alfweill vifibill as invifibill, to have
bene created, to be reteined in thair Being, and to be rulled and guided be
his unfcrutabill Providence, to fick End as his Eternall Wifdome, Gudnes and
Tuftice, hes apointed thame, to the Manifeftatioun of his awn Glorie,
11. Of the Creatioun of Mm.
We confefe and acknawledge this our God to have created Man, {to wit,
our firft Father Jdame) of quhome alfo God formed the Woman to his
awn Image and Similitude, to quhome he gave Wifdome, Lordfchip, Ju-
ftice, fre Will and clear Knawledge of himfelf ; fo that in the haill Nature
of Man thare culd be noted no Imperfeftioun ; frome quhilk Honour and
Fertectioun Man and Woman bothe fell ; the Woman be deceaved by the
Serpent, and Man obeying the Voice of the Woman, bothe confpyring aganft
the Soverane Majeftie of God, quho in expres Words had befoir threatned
Deyth, if they prefumit to eit of the forbidden Tree.
Ill, Of Originall Sinne.
»
By quhilk TranfgrelTioun, comounlie called Originall Sinne, was the Image
of God utterlie defaced in Man, and he and his Pof^eritie of Nature became
Enemies to God, Slaves to Sathan, and Servants to Sine, in fa mekell that
Deyth everlafling hes had, and fall have Power and Dominioun over all that
hes not bene, ar not, or fall not be regeneraf from above, quhilk Regenera-
oun is wrocht be the Power of the Holie Ghofl, working in the Heartis
ef the Eleft of God, ane affured Fayth in the Promifes of God, revelled to
us
Lib. HI. of Religtoim in Scotland. 241
>■• • -^ ■ iL^. L-. • — ^ • — — . .
US. in his Word;, by quhilk Fayth they aprchcnd Jefus Chrirt, with tho
Graces and Benefices promific in him.
IV. Of the Revehit'ioim of the Piome'is.
For this wc conflantlic belcve, That God, efttr the feirfull and horribill
Dcltftioun of Man from his Obedience, did fcik Adame agane, c?Il upoun
him, rtbiiik his Sine, convie^ him for his Sine, and in the End maid
unto him a moft joyful! Promeis, to wit^ that the Seyci of the IVoman fall-
breiti- (injjii the Serpent is Heia; that is, f mid dehoy the IForkis of the Devi/l-
quhilk Promeis as it was repeiicd and maid more deir from Tyme to
T\me, fo was it embraced with Joy, and mort conflantly reteined of all the
F?)thfull from Jdame to Noah^ from Noah to yllvaham, from Mrakim to
Diivid, and fo furth to the Incarnatioun of Jjfus ChrifJ, quho all (wemein
the fajthfiill Fatheris under the Law) did fie the joyfull Dayis of Chrift Te*
fijs, and did rejoycc.
V. 7he Coiitinewance, Increafe, and Prefervatmm of the Kirk.
We moft conftantly beleve. That God prefcrvir, inftruciir, multipleif, ho-
nourit, decorit, and frome Death callit to Lyf his Kirk in all Ages, fra A-
diime, till the coming of Chrirt Jefus in theFlclche: Yor Ahaham he callic
frome his Fathers Cuntrey, him he inftruftit, his Seid he mult.pleir, the fame
he marvelloufly prefervif, and more marvelloufly deliverit frome the Bondage
oi Pharaoh; to thame he gave his Laws, Conftirutiouns and Ceremonies-
Them he pofledic in the Land of Canaan; to them after Juges, and ef{cr SaJ
he gave David to be Ring ; to quhome he made Promeis, That of the Frute
ef his Lnyns foidd one fit for ever itpoim his regall Sete. To this fame People
frome Tyme to Tyme he fcnt Prophets to reduce thame to the right Way-
of their God, frome the wh che oftentymes they declyned by Idolatry. And
albeit for thair f^uborne Contemp of Juftice, he was compellit to give thame.
into the Hinds of thair Enemies, as before was threatnit be the Mouthe of
Monies : Inlcjmuche that the haill City was deftroyed, the Tcmpel brunc
with Fyre, and the hole Land left defolat the fpace of feventy Yeirs • yet of
Mercy did he reduce thame agane to Jerufalem, quhere the City and Temple
were re-edifyed, and thay, againfl all Temptatiouns and AfTaults of Sathane
did abyde till the Meffias came, acC(rJing to the Promeis. '.
VL Of the Incarnatioun of Chrift Jefus.
When the Fulnes of Tyme came, God fent his Sonc, his eternall Wifl
aome, the Subf^ance of his awn Glory, into this Warld, quho tuk the Nature
ofManhod, of the Subftance of a Woman, to wit, ofaVirgine, and that by
the Operatioun of the Holy Ghoft ; and fo was borne,The jull Seid of Davni ;■
The Angel of the great Counfaill of God ; The very MefTias promil^d, quhom
we acknawlcge, and confes ; Emanuell, veray God and veray Man, two per-
fea Natures united and joyned in one Pcrf?>n. By whiche our Confe/Iioun,
we dampne the damnable and peftilent Herefies of Arnus, Martion, EutJ-
chesy Nelioriiis, and fuch uthers, as eyther deny the Ecernity of his Godhead
..''pp.. or
24-2 ^Tbe Hi ft or ie of the Rcformatioun Lib- TTI.
or the Verity oi his humane Nature, or confound thame, or yet divide
tliame.
VII. ^hy it helmit th Mediatour to he veraj (tod and veray Man.
We acknawlege and confes, That this moft wondrous Conjun(5^ioijn be-
twix the Godhead and Manhood in Chrift Jefus, did procfde frome the erer-
nall and immutable Decree of God, quhence alio our Salvatioun fpnngcthe
and dependethe.
VIII. Ehahun.
For that famyn etcrnall God, and Father, quho of mere Mercy ele^ed us
in Chrift Jelus his Sonne, befor the Fundatioun of the "Warld was laid, ap-
pointed him to he our Heid, our Brother, our Paftour, and grit Biichv->pe of
our Saulls : Hot becaus that the Enmitie betwix the Juftice of God and our
Sinnes, was fuche, that no Flefche by itfelf^ could, or might have attained
unto God, it behoved that the Sonne of God fould defcend unto us, and tak
liimfelfe a Body of our Body, Flefche of our Flefche, and Bones of our Bones,
and (b becam the perfeyte Mediatour betwix God and Man ; giving Power
to (b mony as beleve in him, to be the Sonnes of God, as he himfelfe dothe
witnes. / ^ai up to my Father and your Father^ to my God and unto your
God : By whiche moft holy Fraternity, quhatfbever we have loft in Jdame,
i& reftorit to us agane. And for this Caus ar we not afrayd to call God our
Father, not fameikell in that he hes created us fquhilk we have comoua
with the Reprobate^ as for that he hes gevin to us his onely Sone to be our
Brother, and gevin unto us Grace to embraice him for our onely Mediatour,
as befor is (aid. It behovit farther the Meffias and Redemar to be veray God
and veray Man, becaus he was to underly the Punifchment dew for ourTranf-
grefTiouns, and to prefent himfelfe in the Prefens of his Fathers Jugemenr,
as in our Perfbne, to differ for our TranfgrefTioun and Inobedience, by Deyth
to overcum him that was Author of Dej th. Bot becaus the only Godhead
culd not fufFer Deyth, neyther culd the onely Manhod overcum the fame ; he
joyned bothe togither in one Perfoun, that the Imbecilitie of the one (c)uld
fuffer and be fubjeft to Deyfh fquhilk we had defervit) and the infinite and
jnvincibill Power of the other, to wit, of the Godhead, fbuld triumphe, and
purchas unto us Lyfe, Libertie, and perpetual! Viftorie. And Co we confes,
and moft undoubtedlie beleve.
IX. Chrift s Deyth ^ Paffioun^ Burial^ &c.
That our Lord Jefus Chrift offerit himfelfe a voluntarie Sacryfice unto his
Father for us; that he fufferit Contradiftioun ofSinneris ; that he was wound-
ed and plagued for our Tranfgreffiouns ; that he being the cleane and inno.
cente Lambe of God, was dampne in the Prefens of ane earthlie Juge ;
that we micht be abfblved befoir the Tribunall Seit of our God : That
he fufFerit not onelie the cruell Deyth of the CrofTe (whiche was accurfit
by the Sentence of God) bot alfo, that he fufferit for a Seafone the Wrathe
of his Father, which Sinneris had defervit. Bot yit we avov.'e. That he re-
mainit the onely wellbelovit and bleflic Sonne of his Father, even in the
mideft
I
Lib. hi. of Rcligiomi ifi Scot\-:ind. 24.3
midert ot his Anguilclie and Tormcnr, whichc he fulTcrit in Rodye and Soule
to mak the full Saristaftioun for the Sinnes of his People. Efrer the quhiJk'
we confelfe and avowe, that thare remancs no urher Sacrifice for Sinnes •
whiche if any affirmc, we nothing dout to avow, that thay ar Blafphemaris
agninft Chrilts Dyth, and the everlafting Purgatioun and Satistaftioun pur-
chafiii unto us by the (amyn.
X. Refurrenioun.
"Wc undoubtedly belevc, That infomuch as it was impofTibiil that the
Dolours ot Deyth (o\i\d reteine in Bondage the Authour of Lyfc, that our
Lord JefuK Chrift crucified, deid, and buryed, quho defccndit into Hell, did rx^c
agane for our Juftificatioun, and deftroying him quho was Authour of
Deyth, brought Lyfe agane to us that wer fubjeft to Oeyrh, and to the
Bondage of the fame : We knaw that his Refurreftioun was confirmit by
the Teftimonie of his veray Enemies. By the Refurref^ioun of the deid,
quhofe Sepulchres did open, and thay did aryfe and appcirit to mony with-
in the Citie o( Jenifakme. It was al(b confirmit by the Tcliimonie of An<^els
and by the Sences and Jugcments of his Apofties and uthers, quho had Cun-
veriatioun, and did eat and drink with him efter his Refurrectioun.
XI. Afcenfwun.
"We nothing dout, bot that the felf.(ame Body, quhilk was born of the Vir-
gine, was crucified, deid and burryed, and quhilk did rays agane, did afcend
into the Heven, for the Accomplefchement of all Thingis: Quhare, in our
Names, and for our Comfort, he hathe resumed aU Power in Heven and Eirthe ;
Quhare he fntethe at the Richt Hand of the Father, inaugurate in his King-
dome, Advocat, and onely Mediatour for us • quhilk Glory, Honour, and
Prerogative, he alone amongis the Brethrein fall poflefles, till that all his £-•
nemeis be maid his Pure ftuill, as that we undoutedly beleve they fall be in
the finall Jugement, to the Executioun quhnreof, we certanely beleve, that
the (am our Lord Jefus (all vifibly and apparently returne, as that he was (ein
a(cende. And than we firmely beleve, that the Tyme of Refrelching and
Reftitutioun of all Things (all cum,infimikell that thos that from the Begin-
ning have futfered Violence, Injury and Wrong, for RIghteoufnes Sake, fail
inlieryte that blefled Immortality promeifed from the Beginning. Bot connary-
wayis the (^uborne, creuell, inobedient Oppreflburs, filchy Perfones, Adulrerars,
and all Sortes of unfaythtijll Men, fall be cafle into the Di^ngeoun of utter
Darknes, quhare thair Worme fall net dye, nether yit thair Fyre be exrin-
guifched : The Remembrance of the quhilk Day, and of the Jugement to be ex-
ecuted in the (am, is not onely to us a Br}dell,quharebyour carnall Liif^is are re-
ftrained, brt alfo fuche inefiimabell Comfort, that nerher may the Threatning
of vvarldly Princes, nether yit the Feir of temporall Deith and pre'.ent Danger
move us to renunce and forcfaikthat bledit Society, quhilk we -rhe Members
have with our Heid and onely Mediatour Chrirt Jefus, quhome we confes and 3'
vowe to be the MeJuis promeifit,the onelyHcid ot the Chu.-che, our jult Lawgevir,
our onely HiePrcille, Advocat and Mediatcnir. In quhilk Honouris and Offices,
if a Manor AngcU prefume to intrude thamefelfisvve utterly detaift and abho-re
thame, as blafphemous to our fuverelgne and fupreim Govcrnour Chrift Je'us.-
P p P 2 XII.
-^^^ \ «l Iff .ll
244 The Hijlorie of the Refcrmatioun Lib III
II Will
XII. FaythmtheHoUe Ghoft,
THis our Fayth, and the Aflurance of the (am, proceides not frome Flelche )
and Blude, that is to fay, from na natural! Poweris within us : hot is the In-!»i
fpiratioun of the Holy Ghoft, quhome wc conf^s God equall with the Father,
and with the Sone, quho fanftifyeth us, and bringethe us in all Verity, by his
awn Uperatioun, without quhome we (ould reraane for ever Enemyes to God,
and ignorant of his Sone Chrift Jefus. For of Nature we ar (b deid, fb pervers
and blind, that' neather can we feill, quhen we ar pricked, fie the Lycht quhen
it (chynes, nor afTent to the Will of God quhen it isreveilied, onely the Spreit^
of the Lord JefuS quickneth that whiche is deid, removethe the Darknes from-
our Myndis, and boweth our ftubborne Heartis to the Obedience of his blef-
fit Will : And fb as we confes, that God the Father created us, quhen we
war not, as his Sone our Lord Jelus redeamed us, quhen we wer Entmies tc^/
him : So al(b we confes, that the Holy Ghoft does fanftifie and regenerat usf
without all Refpecl to any Merite proceiding from us, be it befoir, or be ic
cfter our Regeneratioun. To fpeik this one Thing yit in mire plane Wordis,
as we willingly (poyle ourfelfis of all Honour and Glory of our awin Creati-
oun and Redemptioun ; (b do we alfb of our Regeneratioun and Sanftifica-
tioun : For of ourfelves we ar not fufficient to think ane gude Thocht j bot
he quho hes begune the gude Wark in us, is bnely he that contineweth us in
the lam, to the Praife and Glory of his undeserved Graice.
XIII. ^e Caus of gu'td JVarhis.
So that the Caus of guid Warkis, we confes to be, not our Frie-will, bot
the Spreit of the Lord Jefus, quho dwelling in our Heartis be trew Fayth^
bringis furth fick guide Warkis, as God hathe prepared for us, to walk into :
For this we moft baldly affirme, that Bkfphemy it is to fay, that Chrift Jefus
abydis in the Hart of fick, as in quhome thare is na Spreit of Sanclifictioun :
And tharefoir we feir not to affirme, that Murtheraris, Oppreflburis, cuell
Ferfecutaris, Adulteraris, Whoremongaris, fylthy Perfbnes, Idolateris, Droun-
kardis, Theavis and all "Workaris of Iniquity, have neather trew Fayth, nea^
ther ony Portioun of the Spreit of Sanflificatioun, whiche proceidethe fra the
Lord Jefus, fa lang as they obftinatly continew in thair Wickednes. For how fbne
that evirthe Spreit of the Lord Jefus (whiche Godis eleft Childrein receave by
trew Fayth) takis PofTefTioun in the Hairt of ony Man, fb fbne dois he rege-
nerat and renew the fam Man ; fo that he begynes to hait that, whiche be-
foir he luffit, and begynes to luif that whiche befoir he hated ; and frome
thence comis that continewall Battel!, quhilk is betwix the Flefche and the
-Spreit in Godis Cnildrein, whylle the Flefche and natural! Man ( according to
thair awn Corruptioun ) luftis for Thingis pleifing and deleftabell to the ftlf,
grudges in Adverfity, is lyfted up in Profperity, and at every Moment is prone
and ready to offend the Majefty of God. Bot the Spreit of God, whiche geveth
WitnclTing till our Spreit, that we ar the Sonesof God, makis us to refift the
.Devill, to abhorre fylthy Pleifbures, togrone in God's Prefens, for Deliverance
from this Bondage of Corruptioun ; and finally, to triumphe over Syne, that
it reigne not in our mortall Bodyes. This Battell hes not the carnallMen,being
deftitut of Godis Spreit, bot do follow and obey Sync with Greadjnes, and with-
. . out
Lib. III. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 24^
out Repentance, even as the Devil and thair corrupt Luftis do prick thame.
Boc the Sones of God fas befoir is faid ) does fecht againrt Sync, do Ivhb
and miirne, quhen thay perceave thamclclfis tempted to Iniquity; and git' they
fall, they ryle aganc with Earned, and iinfcancd Repentance. And thefc
Thingis thay do not, be thair awn Power, bot the Power of the Lord Je-
fus (. without quhome they war abill to do nothing ) warkethe in thame al! that
is guid,
XIV. ^(hiU IVarhs ar reputed gnici hefoir God.
We confes and acknawlege, that God hcs gevin to Man his holy Law, in
"whiche not onely ar forbiddin all fick Warkis, whichc difj^lcis and offend his
godlie Majefty ; bot ahb ar comanded all fick as pleis him, and as he hath pro-
meifed to rewarde. And thele Workis be of two Sortes, the one ar done to
the Honour of God, the uther to the Profeit of our Nychtbours : And bothe
have the reveilled Will of God, for thair Affurance. To have one God, to
worfchipe and honour him, to call upoun him in all ourTrubefls, to rcverer.ce
his holy Name, to hear his Worde, to beleve the fam, tocomunicat with his
holy Sacramentis, ar the Warks of the firfl Table. To honour Father, Mo-
ther, Princes, Reullaris and fupperiour Poweris, to love thame, to fupp^rte
thame, yea, to obey thair Charges ( not repugning to the Comandement of
God ) to fave the Lyves of Innocentis, to repres Tyranny, to defend the Op-
prefTit, to keip our Bodys cleane and holy, to lyve in Sobriety and Temperance,
to deall juftly with all Men, bothe in Worde and Deid ; and finally, to re-
pres all Appetite of our Nychtbouris Hurte, ar the guid Warks of the fe-
cound Table, whiche ar moft pleafing and acceptabell unto God, as thefe Warks
that ar comanded by himfclf. The contrary quhareof is Syne mofl odious
whiche alwayis difpleifcs him and provockis him to Anger ; as, not to call
upoun him allone, quhen we have Nead ; not till hear his Word with Reve-
rence, to contempne and defpyfe it ; to have or to worfchipe Idolles, to man^t
teane and defend Idolatrie; lychtly to efteame the reverent Name of God ; to
prophane, abufe, or contempne the Sacramentis of Chrifl Jefus ; to difobey or
refilt ony that God hes placed in Authority (whill they pas nor over the
Boundes of thair Office ) to murther, to confent thareto, to bear Hatrenf, or
fuffer innocent Bluid to be fched, gif we may ganefland it ; and finally, the
tranfgrefTing ony uther Comandment in the firft or fecound Table, we confes
and affirme to be Syne, by the whiche God's hoteDifpleifour iskendilled againft
the proude and unthankfull Warld : So that guid Warkis we affirme to be
thefe onely that ar done in Fayth at Godis Comandment, quho in his Law^
hes exprefTcd quhat be the Thingis that pleafe him. And evill Warks we afl
firme, not onely thefe that ar exprefPedly done againfl God's Comandment ;
but thefe alfb that, in Materis of Religioun and wcwfchipping of God, have
na Affurance, bot the Inventioun and Opinioun of Man, whiche God from the
Beginning hes ever rcjefted, as by the Prophete Efaiah^ and by our Maifler
Chrift Jefus, we ar taucht in thefe Wordis, In 'jane do they -jtorfchtpe me,
ic'icbing thi Do^r'me be'wg Preceiptis of Men.
Q q-^q ^t
24-6 The Hillorie of the Keformatioim Lib, J 1 1.
XV. The Perfe^'witn of the .Law, and ImperfecTwun of Man.
The Law of God, we confes and acknawlege, moftjuft, moft equall, moft
holy, and moft perfite, comanding thois Thingis, whiche being wrocht in Fer-
feftioun, war abell to geve Lyfe, and to bring Man to eternall Felicity. Bot
our Nature is (b corrupted, Co weak and imperfite, that we ar never abell to
fulfill the Warkes of the Law in Ferfeftioun ; yea, gtf we fay we have na Syne
(even efter we ar rcgenerat ) we deceave omfelfis^aud the Verity of God is not into
ui And tharefoir, it behoved us to apprehend Chrift Je(us,with his Juftice,and
Satisfaftioun, quho is the End and Accomplefchement of the Law, to all that
beleve, by quhome we ar fett at this Liberty, that the Curfs and Maledicli-
oun of the Law fall not upoun us, albeit we fulfill not the (am in all Fointis.
For God the Father, behalding us. in the Body of his Sone Chrift Jefus, ac-
cepteth our imperfite Obedience, as it war perfite, and covereth our "Warks
whiche ar defyled with mony Spottis, with the Juftice of his Sone. We do
not meane, that we ar /et fb at Liberty, that we aw no Obedience to the Law
f for that befoir we have planely confeffit J bot this we aflSrme, that na Man
in Eirth (Chrift Jefus onely excepted) hath gevin, geveth, or fall geve in
Wark, that Obedience to the Law, quhilk the Law requyrethe \ bot quhen
we have done all Thingis, we muft fall doun, and unfeanedly confes, That we
ar mprofeitable Servants : And tharefoir, quhofbevir boaft thameftlves of the
Merirtis of thair awn Warks, or put thair Truft in the Warks of Supereroga-
tibun, thay boaft thamefelfis of that whiche is not, and put thair Truft irx'
damnabell Idolatry. i
XVL Of the Khh ,.
As we beleve in ane God, Father, Sone, and Holy Ghoft, fb do we moft
earneftly beleave, that from the Beginning thare hes bein, now is, and to the
End of the Warld fall be a Churche, that is to fay, a Cumpany and Multi-
tude of Men chofen of God, quho rychtly worfchipe and embrace him, by
trew Fayth in Chrift Jefus, quho is the onely Heid of the fam Kirk, whiche:
alfb is the Body and Spous of Chrift Jefus ; whiche Kirk is Catholik, that is,;
Univerfall, becaus it conte'ancs the Eleft of all Aiges, all Realmes, Natiouns
and Tounges, be they of the Jewis^ or be they of the Gentiles^ quho have Co-
munioun and Society with God the Father, and with his Sone Chrift Jefus,
throch the Sanftificatioun of his Holy Spreit ; and tharefoir it is called Co-
munioun, not of prophane Perfbnes, bot of Sanftis, quho far Citiezens of the
hevinly Jenifakmy have the Fruitioun of the moft ineftimabell Benefitis, to wit,
of ane God,ane Lord jefus, ane Fayth,and of ane Baptifme, without the quhilk
Kirk, thare is neather Lyfe, nor eternall Felicity: And tharefoir we utterly
abhore that Blafphemy of thois that affirme, that Men that live according to
Equity and Juftice, fall be faved, what Religioun fbevir they have profefTit.
For as without Chrift Jefus thare is neather Lyfe nor Salvatioun ; Co fafl thare
nane be participant thareofj bot fick as the Father hes gevin unto his Sone
Chrift Jefus, and thofe in Tyme cum to him, avow his Doftrine, and beleve
into him (we comprehend the Childrein with tlif faythfull Parents) This
Kirk is invifible, knawn onely to God, quho allone knaweth it, quhome he
hes chofin, and comprehends alfweall ( as faid is ) the Eleft that be depairted
Ccomounly
I
Lib. 111. of Re ligiotw in Scothnd. 247
f comounly called the Kirk Triiimpliant ) as thole that yit Icve, and fcicht a-
gainft Syne and Sathan as fill Icvc hcarcfcer,
XVII. Th' Inuiiortalilie of the Saiillis.
■ The Elea dcpartit arc in Peace, arid reft from thair Labors ; not thar
fhey fleip, and cum to a ccrtane Oblivioun (as fum fantaftick Heids dp af.
firmej bot that they ar delivcrit frome all Feir, all Torment, and all Temp-
tatioun, to whiche we and all Gods Elcft ar fubjefl in this Lyfe ; and
tharefore do beir the Name of the Kyrk militant. As contrary alvvaycs the
Reprobate and Unfaythfull dcpartit, have Anguilche, Torment and Payne, that
cannot be expreffit. So that neyther ar the one nor the uther in fuche Slcip,
that they feell not Joye or Torment, as the Parabell of Chrift Jefus in the
fixreenthe o^: Luke, his Words to the Thefe, and thefe Wordis o{ the Soulls
crying iindar the Altare, 0 Lord,tlon that art rychteous and juft, how lang fall
thou not revenge our Blttid iipoun thame that dwell upoiin the Erthe, dothc plain,
lie teftifie.
XVIII. Of the Notes by the ixih'iche the true Kyrke is d-ferned from the filfe,
and quho fall le Jiige of the Doilr'me.
Becaus that Sathane frome the begining hathe laboured to deck his pc-
ftilent Synagogue with the Title of the Kyrke of God, and hathe inflaymit
the Heartisof cruell Murthereris to perfecute, truble and molefi: the true
Kyrk and Memberis thareof, as Cayn did Ahll, Ifm.iell, Ifaac, Efau, Jacobe,
and the hoUe Prierthode of the Je-xes, Jefus Chrilt himfelfe, and his Aportle^
after him j It is a Thing moft requifite, that the true Kyrk be difcernifc
frome the filthie Synagogue, by clear and perfyte Nottcs, left we being de-
ceivit, receive and embrace to our awn Condcmnarioun the nne for the
uther. TheNottis, Signes, and aOurit Tokens quhareby the Immaculate
Spoufe of Chrift Jefus is knawne from the hprribill Harlote the Kyrk malig-
nante, we affirme, are neyther Antiquity, Titill ufurpit, lineall Defcenr,
Place appointit, nor Multitude of Men approving ane Errour ; for Cayn in
Age and Titill was preferit to Abell and Sethe. ^ Jeriifikme had Prerogative
above all Places of the Erthe, quhere alfo war the Preifts lineally defcendit
frome Aaron, and gritter Multitude foliowit the Scribes, Pharifies, and
Freifts, then unfaynedly belcvit and approvit Chrift Jefus and his Doftrine ;
and yet (as we fuppos) no Man of holle Jugement will grant that any ot
the forenamit war the Kyrk of God. The Nottis tharefore of the true Kyrk
of God.,w,e beleve,confefle, and avovve, to be firft. The trew Preiching of the
Worde of God ; into the whiche God hath revealit himfelfe to us,as the Writ-
ings of the Prophetis and Apoftles doe declare. Secimdlie, The right Admi-
niftratioun of the Sacramcntis of Chrift Jefus, whiche man be annexed to the
Worde and Promeis of God, to feill and confirme the fame in our Heartis.
Ldtly, Ecclefiafticall Difcipiine uprightly miniftrcd, as Gods Worde prefcrj-
bit, quhareby Vice is repreffit, and Vertew nurifched. Quharefoever then
thefe formar Nottis ar fene, and of any Tyme continew (be the Numer ne-
ver fa few above twa or thriej thair, bot all dout, is the trew Kyrk of
Chrift, who according to his Promeis is in the mideft of thame ; not of that
oniverfcll (of whiche \vc have Tsefoir fpokenj bot particular, fuche as was
■ ' ' Q q q 2 in
■- ■— — '■ ■ — ' ' ■
24-S ^rhe Hi/ione of the Reformat iowi Lib. IIL
in Coriirthiis, Gulatia^ Ephefiis, and urher Plaices in whiche the Miniftrie was
playnted by Paul!, and were of himfelfe trew named tlieKyrks of God. And
fuche Ryrks we the Inhabiiantis ot the Realme of iSiothmd^ Profcflburs of
Chrift Jefus, confes us to have in our Cities, Townes, and Places reformed :
For the Doftrine taught in our Ryrks is conteined in the writtin Worde ot
God tow'it^ in the Bookes of the New and Old Teftamentis j in thofe Buiks
we mene, whiche of ancient have bene reputed Canonical!, in the whiche
we affirme that all Things neceffary to be bcleved for the Salvatioun of Man-
kind is fufficiently expfeffit. The Interpretaticun quhareof,' we confes, ney-
ther aperteinethe unto any private nor publicke Perfon ; neyther yet to any
Kyrk for any Preheminence or Prerogative perlbnall or local!, whiche ( ne
ha,the above another, bot aperteinethe to the Spirit of God, by the whiche al-
fo the Scripture was writtin. When Contraverfy then hapneth for the right
Underftanding of any Place or Sentence of Scripture, or the Reformatioun
of any Abufe within the Ryrk of God, we ought not famekill to look what
Men befoir us have faid or done, as unto that whiche the Holy Ghoft u-
niformly fpeikethe within the Body of the Scriptures, and unto that whiche
Chrift Jefus himfelfe did, and commandit to be done. For this is a Thing
univerfally grantit, That the Spirit ot God, whiche is the Spirit of Unitie, is
in nothing contrarious to himfelfe. If then the Interpretatioun,Determinatioun,
or Sentence of any Doftours, Kyrk or Counfaill, repugne to the plain Worde
of God, writtin in any uther Place of Scripture, it is a Thing moft certain
that thair's is not the true Underftanding and Meaning of the Holy Ghoft ;
(uppofing that Counfaills, Realmes, and Natiouns have approvit and receivit
the fame. For we dare not receive and admit any Interpretatioun, whiche
directly repugnethe to any principall Point of our Faith, to any uther plain
. Text of Scripture, or yet to the Rule of Cheritie.
XIX. 'J'he Amhorhk of Scripture.
As we beleve and confefle the Scriptures of God fufficient to inftruft, and
mak the Man of God perfeit, fb do we affirme and avowe the Authoritie
of the fam to be of God, and neyther to depend on Men nor Angels : We
affirme tharefore, That fuche as allege the Scriptures to have no Authority,
bot that which is received from the Kyrk, to be blafphemous againft God,
and injurious to the true Kirk, whiche alwayes heareth and obeyethe the
Voyce of her awn Spoufe and Fal^our, bot takethe not upoun her to be Mi-
ftrefle over the fam.
XX. Of the Generall Counfaills^ of thuir Po^er^ Authoritie^ and Caus of ihair
Conventieum.
As we not rafchly dampne that whiche godly Men alTemblit togither
in Generall Counfaills, lawfully gatherit, have approvit unto us : So with-
out juft Examinatioun dare we not receive quhatfbevir is obrrufit unto Men,
under the Name of General! Counfaills ; for plain it is, that 3S they were
Men, fo have fbme of thame manifeftly errit, and that in Matters of grit
Weight and Importance. So far then as the Counfaill provethe the Deter-
minatioun and Comandment that it givethe by the plain Worde of God, Co
far do we reverence and imbrace the iam. Bot if Men, under the Name of
a Coun-
Lib. III. of Rcligionn in Scothnd, 24^
^r.7. '' ■ — .
a-Gpunfaill pretend to forge unto us new Artickles of our Faith, or to mak
Conltitutiouns repugning to the Worde of God, then utterly w'c man rcfuis
the fam, as the Doctrine of Devills, whiche dravvcthc our Soulls frome the
•Voyce of our onely God, to follow the Doarines and Conflitutiouns of Men.
The Caus then quhy Gcnerall Counlailis convenit, was ncyther to mak any
perpetuall Law (which God befoir had not maid) neyther yet to forge new
Artickles of our Beleif, neyther to give the Worde of God Authority, much
lefle to mak that to be his Worde, or yit the true Inferpretatioun of the
(am, whiche was not befoir by his holly Will expreflit in his Worde. Bot
the caus of Counfaills (we mean of fick as merited the Name of Counlailjs)
was partly for Contutatioun ot Heryfies, and for giving publike Con/eflioun
of thair Faith to the Polkrities following, quhilk bothe they did by the Au.
thority of Gods writtin Worde, and not by any Opinioun or Prerogative that
they culd not err, by reafon of thair Generall Allembly. And this we juge
to have bein the cheif caus ofGenerall Counlaills. The uther was for gude
Policie and Ordour to be conftitut and oblervit in the Kyrk, in whiche (as
in the Hous of God) it becumethe all Things to be done decently, and in
Ordour: Not that wc think that ane Policie, and ane Ordour in Ceremonies
can be appointit for all Ages, Tymes, and Places ; for as Ceremonies f fuche
as Men have devyfitj arc bot temporall, fo may and ought they to be changit
quhen they rather forter Superftitioun, tlien that thay edify the Kyrk uflnij
the fame. •
XXI. Of the Sacrament'iT.
As the Fathers under the Law, belydes the Veritie of the Sacryfices had
two cheif Sacramentis, to wit, Circumfioun and the PafTeover, the Defpifers
and Contemnaris quhareof war not reputit for God's People: So we acknaw-
lege and confefTe, That we now, in Tyme of the Evangell, have two Sa-
cramentis onely, inflitutit by the Lord Jefus, and commandit to be uCit by
all thos that will be reputit Memberis of his Body, to wit, Baptifme and
the Supper, or Table of the Lord Jefus, callir, 7'k Comtnmiioim of Im Body
and Blood. And thefe Sacramentis (as well of the Old as of the New Te-
ftament) were inftitutit of God, not onely to make a viflble Difference be"
rwixt his People, and thos that war without his League ; bot alfo to exer-
cife the Fayth of his Children ; and by Participatioun of the fam Sacramentis
to feill in thair Heartis the Ailurance of his Promeis, and of that mof^ bleffed
Conjunftioun, Union, and Society, whiche the Elec^ have with thair Heid
Chrift Jefus. And thus we uterly dampne the Vanity of thos, that aifirme
Sacramentis to be nothing els bot nakit and bare Signes. No, we afTuredly
beleve, That by Baptifme we ar ingraftit into Jefus Chrift, to be maid Par.
takeris of his Juftice, by the whiche ourSinnes ar coverit and remittit. And
alfo, That in the Supper, rightly ufir, Chrift Jefus is Co joyned with us that
he becumeth the very Nurifchment and Foode of our Saullis. Not tha't we
imagine any Tranfubf^antiatioun ofBreidinto Chrifts naturall Body, and of
Wine into his naturall Blood, (as the Papifis have pernicioufly taught and
damnably beleved j but this Unioun and Communioun whiche we have' with
the Body and Blood of Chrift Jefus in the right Ufe of the Sacrsmentis is
wrought by Operatioun of the Holy Gh^ft, quho by trcw Fayth carrieth us
above all Thingis that ar vifibel, carnall, and earthly, and makethe us to
I^ «• f feid
250 ^The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
- ^ - ' - - - . .,
feid upoun the Body and Blood of: Chrift Jefus, whiche was once broken,
and fched for us, whiche now is in the Heaven, and appeirethe in the Pre-
{ens of his Father for us. And yet notwithftanding the far Diftance of
Place, whiche is betwixt his Body now glorifiet in the Heaven, and us now
mortall in the Erthe ; Yit we moft affuredly belcve, That the Bread that
we breake is the Communioun of Chrifts Body, and the Cupe whiche we
bleffe, is the Communioun of his Blood. So that we confefle and undoubt-
edly beleve, That the faythlull, in the right Ufe of the Lords Table, fo do
eat the Body, and drink the Blood of the Lord Jefus, that he remainethe in
thame, and thay in him : Yea, that thay ar (b mad Flefche of his Flefche,
and Bones of his Bones, that as the eternall Godhead hathe gevin to the
Flelche of Chrift Jefus fwhiche of the owne Conditioun and Nature was
mortall and corruptible) Lyfe and Immortality ; fb dothe Chrift Jelus Flefch
and Blood eaten and drunken by us, give to us the fam Prerogatives ; quhilfc
albeit we confefTe, ar neyther gevin unto us at that onely Tyme, neyther yic
by the proper Power and Vertue of the Sacraments onely ; yet we a5
firme. That the faythfuU in the right Ufe of the Lords Table hath fuche Con-
junftioun with Chrift Jefus, as the naturall Man cannot comprehend: Yea,
and farder we affirme, That albeit the faythfull oppreffit by Negligence, and
manly Infirmitie, doeth not profit (b muche as thay wald at the veray inftant
Aclioun of the Supper, yit (all it efter bring forthe Fruite, as lively Seid'
Ibwen in gude Grund ; for the Holie Spirit whiche can never be dividir from-
the right Inftitutioun of the Lord Jeflis, will not fruftrat the faythfull, of
the Frute of that myfticall A6lioun. Bot all this we fay cumeth by trew
Fayth, whiche apprehendeth Chrift Jefus, who onely maketh his Sacramentis
efFeiSuall unto us 3 and tharefbre, quhofbever flandereth us, as that we affirm-
ic or belevit Sacramentis to be onely nakit and bare Signes, do Injury untcr
us and fpeak againft a manifeft Treuth. Bot this liberally and frankly we-
muft confefTe, That we mak a Diftinftioun betwix Chrift Jefus in his natu-
rall Subftance, and betwix the Elementis in the Sacramentall Signes. So that
we will neyther worfchip the Signes, in place of that whiche is fignifiet by
them, neyther yit do we defpile and interpret thame as unprofitable and
vane, bot do ufe thame with all Reverence, examining our felves diligently
befoir that fb we doe, becaus we ar affurit by the Mouth of the Apoflle,
'That fuche as eat of that Bread, and drink of that Cup un'morth'tly^ ar guilty of
the Body and Blood of the Lord Jefus.
XXn. Of the right Admmftrat'ioun of the Sacramentis.
That Sacramentis be rightly miniftred, we juge two Things requifite:
The ane, that thay be miniftred be lawfuU Minifters, quhom we affirme to
be onely they that ar appointit to the Preaching of the Worde, or unto quhofe
Mouthes God hathe put fum Sermone of Exhortatioun, they being Men
lawfullie chufin thereto by fum Kyrk. The uther, That they be miniftred in
fuche Elementis, and in fuche Sorte as God hathe appointit. Els we affirme,
That they ceas to be right Sacramentis of Chrift Jefiis. And tharefore it is,
that we flie the Society with the Papifticall Kyrk, in Participatioun of thair
Sacramentis; jirfty Becaus thair Minifters ar no Minifters of Jefus Chrifl
(yea, whiche is more horribill) they futfer Women, quhome the Holy Ghoft
will not fuffer to teach in the Congregatioun, to baptife. And fecundlf^ Be-
caus
Lib. III. of Rcligtoun in Scotland. 251
caus they have Co adulterate, lx)thc the one Sacrament and the uther, with
thair awn Inventiounis, that no Part of Chrifts Actioun abydeth in the ori-
ginall Purity, for Oyle, Salte, Spittle, and fuche lyke in Baptifme, are hot
Mens Inventiouns; Adoratioun, Vcncratioun, bearing throw Streetes and
Townes, and keiping of Breid in Boxes, ar Prophanatioun of Chrifts Sacra-
ments, and no life of the fame: For Chrift Jefus faid, Tiik and cat, &c.
Do ye this in Remembrance of me. By whichc Words and Charge he fanftified
Bread and "Wine to be the Sacrament of his Body and Blood j to the end,
that one fould be eaten, and that aH (c)uld drink of the uther, and not that
they fould be kept to be worfchipit and honourit as God, as the blind Pa-
pifts have done heretofoir, quho alfo have comlttit Sacrilege, ftealing fromo
the People one Part of the Sacrament, to wit. The biefTit Cupe. Mairover,
that the Sacramcntis be rightly ufit, it is requirit, That the End and Caus
quhy the Sacramentis wer inftitutir, be underftudc and oblervir, as well of the
Minifter as the Receivers: For if the Opinioun be changit in the Receiver,
the right Ufe ceifeth : Whiche is moft evident by the Rejeftioun of the Sa-
orifices (as alio if the Teacher teach fals Doctrin) whiche war odious and
abominabill unto God (albeit thay war his awn Ordinances^ becaus that
wicked Men ufit thame to another End then God hathe ordayned. The (am
affirme we of the Sacramentis in the Papifticall Kyrk, in whiche we affirme
the hole A6lioun of the Lord Jelus to be adulterate, as well in the externall
Forme, as in the End and Opinioun. Quhat Chrift Jefus did, and commandit
to be done, is evident by the thrie Evangel ifts, quho fpeak of the Sacrament
and by St. Panll. Quhat the Preift doeth at his Altar, we neid not to rehears.
The End and Caus of Chrifts Inftitutioun, and quhy the (elf-ftm fould be
ufit, is expreflit in thefe Words, Do ye this in Remembrance of me. As oft as
ye fall eat of this Bread^ and drink of this Cupe, ye fall (hew forth (that is, ex-
toll, preach, and magnify^ the Lords Death till he cum. Bot to quhat end,
and in quhat Opinioun the Preifts {ay thair Maflles, lat the Words of the (am,
thair awn Doftours and Writings witnelTe, to wit, That thay as Mediatours
betwixt Chrift and his Kyrk, do offer unto God the Father, a Sacryfice pro.
pitiatory for the Sinnes of the quick and the dead, Whiche Doftrine, as
blafphemous to Chrift Jefiis, and making DerOgatioun to the Sufficiency of
his onely Sacrifice once offerit for Purgatioun of all thos that (all be (ancUfied,
we utterly abhorre, deteft, and renounce.
XXIII. To qiihome Sacramentis apperteane.
We confes and acknawlege, that Baptifme appertaeneth alfweall to the In-
fantis of the Faythfull, as unto thois that be of Age and Difcretioun : And
to we dampne the Errour of Anabaptiftes, quho deny Baptifrne to apperteane
to Childrein, befoir that they have Fayth and Underftanding. Bot the Sup-
par of the Lord, we confes to apperteane only to fick as have bein of the
ttoufhold of Fayth, cane try and examyn thamefelfis, afweill in thair Fayth,
33 in thair Dewty towardis thair Nychbours. Suche as eat at that holy Table
without Fayth, or being at Difcentioun and Divificun with thair Erethrein,
do eat unworthely: And tharefoirit is, that in cur Kirkis our Minifters talks
publift and particulare Examinatioun of the Knawlege and Converfatioun of
iiche, as ar to be admitted to the Table of she Lord Jefus*
R r r 3 XXIV
2<2 The Htjlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
XXIV. Of the Civille Magiftrat.
"We confes and acknawlege Empyres, Ringdomes, Dominiouns and Cities,
to be diftinfted and ordaned by God, the Powers and ^Authorities in the (am
fbe it ofEmperours in thair Impyris, of Kingis in thair Realmes, Dukis
and Princes in thair Dominiouns, or of utheris Magiftrates in frie Cities )
to be God's holy Ordinance, ordeaned for Manifeftatioun of his awn Glorie,
and for the fmgulare Profeit and Comodity of Mankynd. So that quhofbever
Eoes about to taik away, or to confound the holy Stait of Civile Policies, now
lans eftablilched, we affirme the fam Men not onely to be Enemies to Man-
kynd, bot alfo wickedly to feycht againft God's expreffed Will. We farther
confes and acknawlege, that fick Perfones as ar placed in Authority, ar to be
loved honoured, feared, and holdin in moft reverent Eftimatioun ; becaus
they ar the Lieutennentis of God, in whofe SefTioun God himfelf doeth fit
and iuge ( yea, evin the Juges and Princes thamefelfis^ to quhome by God is
gevin the Sword, to the Prayfe and Defence of guid Men, and to revenge and
punifche all open Malefadours. To Ringis, moreover Princes, Reullaris and
Magiftratis, we affirme, that cheifly and maift principally the Reformatioun
and Purgation of Religioun apperteanes ; (b that not onely they arappoynt-
ed for civile Policey, bot alfb for Mantenance of the trew Religioun, and
for fuppreffing of Idolatry and Superftitioun quhatfomever, as in David^ Jofa-
phat Ezekias, Jofias^ and uthers hychlie comended for thair Zeal in the Caus
may be efpyed. And tharefoir we confes and avow, that fick as refift the
{upreame Powaris (doing that Thing whiche apperteanes to his Charge) do
refift God's Ordinance, and tharefoir cannot be giltles. And farther we affirm.
That quhofbever deny unto thame thair Ayd, Counfeill and Comforte, whill
the Princes and Reullaris vigilantly travaill in the executing of thair Office,
that the fam Men deny thair Help, Supporte and Counfaill to God, quho by
the Presence of his Lieutennent craveth it of thame.
XXV. The Gift is frelie gevin to the Kirk.
Albeit that the Word of God trewly preached, the Sacramentis richtly mi-
nif^red, and Difcipline executed according to the Word of God, be the cer-
tane and infallible Signes of the trew Rirk ; yit do we not fb meane, that e-
very particular Perfone joyned with fick ane Cumpany, be ane eleft Member
of Chrift Jefus ; for we acknawlege and confes, that Darnell, Cockle and
Chaff may be fawn, grow, and in grit Abundance lye in the Middis of the
"Wheat ; that is, the Reprobat may be joyned in the Society of the Eleft, and
may externally ufe with thame the Benefites of the Word and Sacramentis.
Bot fick being bot temporall Profeflburs in Mouth, bot ncit in Heart, do fall
back, and continew not to the End : And tharefoir have they na Fruit of
Chriftis Deyth, Refurreftioun nor AfTentioun. Bot fick as with Heart unfean-
cdly beleve, and with Mouthe baldly confes the Lord Jefus fas befoir we
have faid ) fall moft afTuredly refave thefeGiftis ; Ftrft^ In this Lyfe, Remiffioun
of Synnes, and that by Fayth onely in Chrift's Bluid, infbmekill, that albeit
Syne remane and continually abyde in thois our mortall Bodies, yit it is not im-
puted unto us, bot is remitted and covered with Chrift's Juftice. Secundlie, In
the generall Jugement thare fall be gevin to every Man and Woman Refur-
reftioun
Lib. hi. ofReligioun /« Scotland. 253
re(Sioun of the Flefche. For the Sey (all gevc hir Deid, the Eirthe thois that
tharein be incloifed : Yea, the Etcinall our God fall rtretche out his Hand u-
poun the Duft, and the Deyd fall aryfe incorruptible, and that in the Subltancc
of the lam Flefche that every A'lan now bearis, to receavc according to thair
Warks, Glory or Punifchcraent ; for fick as now delytc in Vanity, Creuityc,
Filthynes, Superftitioiin or Idolatiy, fall be adjuged to the Fyre incxtin-
euifchable, in the whiche they fall be tormented for ever, alfweill in thair
awn F>odyes, as in thair Saullis, whiche now they give to fervc the Deviil
in all Abominatioun. Bot fick as contincw in weill doing to the End, baldly
profelfing the Lord Jefus, to whois glorified Body all his Eleft fall be lyke,
quhen he fall appeir agane to Jugement, and fall rander up the Kingdome to
God his Father, quho then (all be, and ever fall remane All in all Thingis,
God blelTit for ever. To quhome, with the Sone, and with the Holy Gho(^,
be all Honour and Glory, now and ever. Amen.
Atyfe^O Lord^ and let thy Enemies he confounded; let thame flye fiome tirjf
Pre fence that hah thy godly Name : Give thy Servandis Strenthe to fpeik thy Word in
Eildnes^ and let all Natiouns atteane to thy trew Knawlege.
Thir Actis and Artickles war red in Face of Parliament, and rati(ied be the
thre Ellaits of this Reahiic, at Edinburgh the 17th Day of July, the Yeir of
God I J 60 Yeirs.
This our Confe(rioun wes publi6lly red,(ir(t in Audience oftheLordis of the
Artickles, and efter in Audience of the haill Parliament, quhare wer prefent,
not on(>ly fick as profeflfit Chrift Jelus, bot alio a grit Number of the Adver-
saries of our Religioun, fick as the foirnamcd Bi(chopis, and fum uthers of
the temporall El^ait, quho wer comandit in God's Name, to objeft, if they
could, ony Thing againft that Doftrine. Sum of our Mini(iers wer pre(ent, (land-
ing upoun thair Feit, redy to have anfwerif, in cais ony wald have defendit
the Papiflry, and impugnat our Affirmatives : But quhill that no Objcftioun
was maid, thare was a Day appointed to voitting in that and uther Heidis.
Our ConfefTioun was red every Artickle by itfelf over agane, as they war writ-
tin in Ordour, and the Voites of every Man war required according. Of the
temporall Eftait oncly voiced in the contrair, the Erie of Athoill, the Lords
Somervell and Borth^juick ; and yit for thair diflafenting they produced no bet-
ter Refibun, bot, fVe'-jcill hleve as our Forefatheris hlevit. TheBi(chopis ( pa-
pil^icall we meane) fpak nothing. The re(t of the haill thrie Eftaites, by
thair publicl Voites, affirmed theDocfrine- and mony the rather bccaus that the
Bifchopis wald, nor durft (ay nothing in the contrary; for this was the Voic
of the Erie of Merfchell. It is lang fen I have had fame Favour unto the
Truethe^ and fen I had a Sufpicioun of the papifticall Religioun • lot I prays
Gody this Day hes fully refolved me^ in the ane and in the ulher : ^or
feing that my Lords Bifchopis^ quho for thair Leirmng can, and for that
Zeall they fould heir to the Verity^ wald (^as I Juppois ) gayiefay ony Thing that
directly repugnis to the Verity of God. Seing, I fay, my Lordts Bifchopis heir
prefent fpeiks nothing in the contrair of the Do^rine proponed, I cannot bot hald
it to he the verie Treuthe of God^andthe contrair to be deceaveable Do^rine : And
iharefoiry in fo far as in vie lyethe, I approve the ane and damne the uther. And
do farther afk of God, that not onely /, bot alfo all my Pofierity, may injoye the
Comfort of the DoHrinej that this Day our Earis have hard. And yit moir, t
S f f man
254 ^^^^ Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
man voit^ as it wer be Way of Proteftatioim^ that if ony Perfoiws Ecclefiafttcall
fall efter this oppone thamefelfisy to this our Confe^ioun, that thay have no Plaice
nor Credit e^ confiddering that thay haveing lang Jdvyifement, and full Knawlege of
this our ConfeJ/iouHy none is now fund in lawfully free and quyet Parliament to op-
pone thamfel/isy to that quhilk we profes : And tharefoir^ gif ony of this Genera,
tioun pretend to do it efter this^ I protefi he he repute rather ane that lovethe his
awn Commodities and the Glorie of the Warld^ then the Treuthe of God^ and the
Salvatioun of Menis Saullis.
Efter the voiting, and Ratificatioun of this our ConfefTioun, by the haill Bo-
die of the Parliament, tliare war alfb pronuncit two Actis, the ane againft
the Mefs, and the Abuis of the Sacramentis, and the uther againft the Supre-
macy of the Paip. The Tenour quhareof followis.
The Aft againft the Mefs.
IN the Parliament haldin at Edinburgh, the tent- Day of Julii, the Yeir of
^ God I J 60 Teirs, the fa id Parliament being continewed to the fir ft of Auguft
nixt thairefter following, with Continewatioun of Days^ iipoun the 2^1 h Day of the
faid Monet h of Auguft, the thre Eft aits then being prefent : The quhilk Day^ jor
famekill as /llmiihty God^ by his maift trew and hlejftt JVord^ hes declaired the Re~^
•verence and Honour that fould be gevin to him, and, by his Sone Jefus Chrifi, hes
declaired the trew Ufe of the Sacramentis^ willing the fam to be uffit according to his
Will and Word ; by the quhilk it is notorious and perfytlie knawn^ that the Sacra-
mentis of Baptifme and of the Bodie and Elude of Jefus Chrift^ hes hein in all
Tymes bygane corrupted by the Papifticall Kirk, and by thair Minifteris ; and pre-
fentlie^ notwithfianding the Reformatioun alreddie maid according to God's Word^
yit not the les thare is fum of the fam Papes Kirk, that ftubbburnelie perfeveris
in thair wicked Idolatrie, fayand Mejs, and bdpttifing conforme to the Paipes
Kirk, prophaning tharethrow the Sacramentis foirfaidj in quiet andin fecreit Places y
regairdand tharethrow nouther Cod nor his Word.
'Tharefoir it is ftatute and ordeined in this prefent Parliament, that no Maner of
Per fane or Perfones, at ony Tyme cuming, adminiftrate ony of the Sacramentis fecreitUe^
or ony uther Maner of Way, bot they that ar admitted,and have Power to that Effe^ ; nor
fay Mefs, nor yit heir Mefs, nor be prefent thareat, under the Pane of Conficatioun of
all thair Guids, and punifching of thair Bodies, at the Difcretioun of the Magi-
Jirates, within quhais JurifdiHioun fick Perfones happins to be apprehended, for
the firft Fait : Banifching of the Rettlme, for the fecund Fait : And juftefeing to
the Deid, for the third Fait. And ordainis all Shereffis, Stewartis, Bailyeis and
thair Deputes, Proveifts and Bailyeis of Burrows, and uther Juges quhatfumevir
within this Reahne, to tak diligent Sute and Inquifitioun within thair Boundis,quhair
ony fick ufurped Miniltrie is ufed, Mefs faying, or thay that beis prefent at the do-
ing thareof, ratifeand and approveand the famyn, and to tak, and apprehend thame, to
the Effe^ that the Paints above writtin may be execute upoun thame.
Extraftum de libro parliamenti, per me Jacobum Machll de Rankellour Nether,
clericum rotulorum.
Sic (iibfcribitur,
«: JACOBUS M 'GILL.
Thfi
Lib. III. of Ki'ligioun in Scotland. 255
The Aft for abolilching the Jurifcliftioun of the Paip.
IN the Parliament haU'in at Edinburghe, the tent Day of ]\i\\\^ the Yeir of God
•• 1/60 I'ears^ and tl-airefter contnievued to the fir ft Day 0/ Auguft v'lxt than-
efter folUmng^ wth Conthie-xatioim of Dayis^ upoun the tvient'ie four Day of the
faid Monethe of Auguft, the thre E/iaitif then being prefent, uiiderftauding that the
Jurifdiclioim and Aiiihorilie of the Bifchope of Rome, called the Paip, iifit in this
Reabne in Tynies bypaft, hes bein very burtjome and prejudiciall to our Soverane's Au'
thoritie, and Comouniveill of this Realme : Tharefore hes ftatute and ordainit^
That the Bifchope of Rome have noJurifdiBioun nor Authoritie in this Realme in
Tymes cuming, and that nane of our faidis Soveranes SubjeSlis fute or defyre, in any
lyme theireftcr, Titill or Richt, by the faid Bifchope of Rome, or his Seft^ to any
Thing •within this Realme, under the Panis of E:irzme, that is to fay, Profcriptioun^
Banifchmeut, and never to bruik Honour, Office nor Dignitie •within this Realme :
And the Contravetneris heirof to be callit befoir the Juftice or his Deputis, orbefoirthe
Lordis of the Seffion, and puneiCt tharefoir conforme to the Laixiis of this Realme ;
and the Furneijfaris of thame -with Fynance of Money, and Purchefferis of thair
Tittils of Kick, or Manteiners or Defenderis of thame, fall tncure the famyn
Paines : And that no Bifchope, nor uther Prelate of this Realme, ufe any Jurif-
dinioun in Tymes cuming, be the faid Bifchope of Komo's Authoritie, under the
Paines foir faid.
Extraftum de libro parliament], per me, Sec.
Et fiibfcribitur ut (upra.
Thir and uther Thingis ordourly done, in lawful! and frie Parliament, we
direftit to France, to our Soveranes, Sir James Sandilandis Lord of Sanft Johne^
with the Aftis of the faid Parliament, that by thame they micht be ratefeit,
according to the Promeis of thair Hienes ComifTioneris to us, as by the Con-
traft of Peice moft evidently may appeir. Bot how the faid Lord of Sanft
Johne wes intreated we lift not to rehers ; bot alwayis no Ratificatioun brocht
he unto us. Bot that v^^ittle regairded, or yit do regaird ; for all that we
did was rather to fchaw our debtfull Obedience, then to begge of thame ony
Strenthe to our Religioun, quhilk from God hes full Power, and neidethe not
the Suffrage of Man, bot in fa far as Man hes Neid to beleve it, if that evir
he fall have Participatioun of the Lyif everlafting. Bot fumquhat man we an-
fwer to fick, as fince have quhifperit, that it was bot a pretendit Parliament,
and privy Conventioun, and no lawfijll Parliament. Thair Reffonis ar, the
King and Quein war in France, thare was nouther Scepture, Sworde nor Crown
borne, &c. and fum principall Lordis wer abfent.
We anfwer. That we rather wifh the Papifiis to be quite, then to cuiroufly
to travellunto that Heid; for it may be, that quhill they think to hurt us, they
tak the Quein and hir Authoritie a grit Blaw, and yit amend thamefelfis
nothing. For in quhais Defalt, we pray yow, was the Quein abfent from
this Realme ? We think they will not be fo fchameles, as that they will
blame the Proteftantis thareof Hir Perfbne was abfent, and that to no
fmall Greif of our Hairtis. Bot wer not the Eflaitis of the Realme afTerh-
bled in hir Name? Yea, had thay not hir full Power and ComilTioun, yea,
the ComifTioun and Comandement of hir Heid the King of France, to
S f f 2 convocaC
2^6 The Hifiorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. III.
convocat that Parliament, and to do all Things that may be done in lawfull
Parliament even as if our Soveranes had bene thare in proper Perfbnes ? If they
will limitate the Power of the Princes, to the Places onely quhare thair bode-
ly Prefens is, it will be thocht ftrange ; for (b, (all Kingis not onely be com-
pelled to cont-ent thame with ane Realme, bot alfo with ane City : For the
bodely Prefens of Rings can no more be in divers Cities at ane Inftant, then
that they can be in divers Realmes. Hitherto we have- underftude, that
quharefoever the Counfaillours of the King, with his Power and Comiffioun,
ar affembled, to do ony Thing at his Comandement, that thare is the King's
fufficient Prefens and Authority, quharefoever his awn Body be leving at Fre-
dome and Liberty ; quhilk if the Papiftes do deny,we will find Fault with thame,
and with the Princes that they have abuifed, quhilk mair will annoy thame,
than onyThing that we canloife,by the Infufficiency of that Parliament: Quhilk
rot the lels we ar bauld to affirme, to have bene more lawfull and more free,
than ony Parliament they ar able to produce this hunderethe Yeirs befoir ir,
or yit ony that hes infewed fince it was ; for in it the Votes of Men wer free,
and gevin of Confcience ; in uthers they wer bocht, or gevin at the Devoti-
Dun of the Prince. All Things in it concluded ar able to abyde the Tryell,
and not be confumed at the Prove of the Fyre ; of uthers the Godly may jufl-
!y call in Dout Things determined.
To the Sworde and Sceper, nor yit the Abfence of fum Lords, wc anfwer
Nothin'^: For our Adverfaries knaw weill aneuche, that the ane is rather a
Pompe and glorious vane Ceremony, than a fubftantiall Point of NecefTity,
required to a lawfull Parliament : And the Abfence of fiim prejuges not the
Powers of thame that ar prefent, provyding that dew Adverteifement be maid
unto thame. Bot now we returne to our Hiftory.
The Parliament difTolved, Confultatioun was had, how the Kirk micht be
eftablifched in a gude and godly Policy, quhilk by the Papiftes was alto-
o-ither defaced. ComifTioun and Chairge was gevin to Maifter jfohnc PVin-
ram Sub-prior of Sanft Aildrois^ Mr. Johne Spottificode, Mr. Johne Douglas
Rectour of Sanft Andro'is^ Mr. Johne Row and Johne Knox to draw in
a Volume the Policy and Difcipline of the Kirk, alfweill as they had
done the Doftrine, quhilk they did, and prefented it to the Nobility, quho
did perufe it mony Days. Sum approved, and willit the fam to have bein (kt
furth as a Law ; uthers perceaving thair carnall Liberty and warldly Commo-
dity fumquhat to be impaired thareby, grudged, in fa mekill that the Name
of the Bulk of Difcipline became odious unto thame. Every Thing that re-
pugned to thair corrupt Affeftiouns, was tearmed in thair Mockage, Devoit
Imwinatiounis. The Caus we have befoir declaired ; fum wer licentious, fum
had credily grippit the Pofleffiouns of the Kirk, and uthers thocht they wald
not lack thair Parte of Chrifl's Cote ; yea,and that befoir that ever he was hang-
ed as by the Preicheours they wer oft rebuiked. The cheif grit Man that
had profefTit Chrifl Jefus, and refuifed to fubfcryve the Bulk of Difcipline,
was the Lord ErPiin. And no Wonder, for befyids that he hes a very Jefahell
to his Wyfe, if the Pure, the Scullis, and the Miniftry of the Kirk had thair
awn his Kitcheing wald want twa Partes and mair, of that ^quhilk he now
injuf^ly poffeffes. AfTuredly fum of us have wondered, how Men that pro-
fefs Godlines could, of fa lang Continewance, heir the Threatnings of God a-
gainft Thevis, and againft thair Houfes, and knawing thamefelfis |ilty of fick
Things,
Lib. III. of Rcllgioim in Scotland. 257
Thing;s, as wer opinly rcbuikcd, and that they never had Remors ofConfcicnce
nether yit intended to reltoir ony Thing of that, quhilk lang riiey had ftollin'
and rett, Thare war nane within the Realme more unmercifull to the puir
Minilleris thane war they that had the gritteft Rentes of the Kirkes. Bot
in that we have perceaved the auld Proverbe to be trew ; Noi/jii/jr can fuffice
a Wretchc ; and again, 'the the Bellie Lis na Ear'ts. Yit the fam Buik of UiC-
cipUne was fubfcryved, by a grit Parte of the Nobility ; to wit, the Duikes
Grace, the Erie of y^/r^w, the Eries of Argyll, Glericainie, Merfchell, Meuteithe
Mortoitii, Rothoiff, Lord yams, now Erie of Murray, Lord Tefter, Boyd U-
chiltrie, Maiiter of Max-joell, thairefter Lord Herife, Lord Lvidejay elder 'and
the Maifter now Lord; Barones, Drumlanrig, Lochinvar, Garlijs, Barganie
Mr. AlesarJer Gordowi Bifchope of Gallo-joay, Alexander Campbell Dean of Mur-
ray, with a grit Number mo, fubfcryved and approved the faid Buik of DiC
cipline, in the Tolbuythe of Edhihurghe, the 27th Day of Jamiare i;6o Yeirs
by thair Approbatioun in thefc Words. *
rWE quhilk have fubfcryved thir Prefentis, have'wg a^vyfit with the Artkkks
'* he'irin fpecifeit, and ar is above wentionat, from the Beginning of this Buik
think the fain gude, and conforme to God's Word in all Pointis, conforme to the
Notes and Additiowies thareto eiked ; and promittis to fett the fam fordward at
the uttermoft of our Powers, provyding that the Bifchopcs, Ahbotes, Pryors and n-
tier Prelates and beneficed Men, qiihilks ellis have joyned thamefelfis to us hruik
the Revenems of thair Benefices during thair Lyfetymes, they fujieining and uph aid-
ing the Minftry and Mimfteris, as is heirin fpecifcit, for preaching of the Word
and mniftrating of the Sacrament is. ' *
Quhat be the Contents of the haiU Buik, and how that this Promeis was
illuded from Tyme to Tyme, we will efter heir.
Schort efter the faid Parliamant war fend from the Counfaill AmbafTadours
to Ingland, the ErIes of Mortoun and Glencairne, togither with William Maitland
of Lethingtoun younger. The cheif Point of thair Comiffioun was erneftly to
crave the conftant AfTiftance of the Quenes Majefty of Ingland, againft all fb-
rane Invafioun, and to propone the Erie of Arrane (quho then was in no
Imali Ef^imatioun with us) to the Quene of Ingland in Marriage.
That fame Tyme was the Caftell of Sempill befieged and tane, becaus the
Lord rhareof difobeyed the Laws and Ordinances of the Counfaill in mony
Things, and efpecic.lly in that, that he wald mantein the Idolatry of the Mefs
and alfo that he befec the Way to the Erie of Arrane, with a grit gathering'
as he was ryding with his accuffomed Cumpany. The Papifts wer proude*
for they luiked for a new Army from France at the next Spring, and thareof
was thair no fmall Apeirance, if God had not utherways provydit. For France
utterly refufed the Confirmatioun of the Peice contra^ed at Leyth, and wald
ratifie no Parte of our Parliament, and demifTit the Lord of St. Johne, without
ony refolute Anfwer, began to gader new Bands of Throt-cutters, and to
mak grit Preparatiouns for Schipis. They farther fend before thame certane
Prafteifers, (amongs quhom the Lord Seytoun quho had departit with the
Frenche out of Ley the was one) to rais up new Trubles within this Realme.
And all this come partelie of the Malice of the Hous ofGuyfe, quho had al
vowit to revenge the Difplefbur of thair Sifter both upoun England and Scot-
land, and partely be the Inftigatioun of proude ^^/ww, falily cailit Bifchope
T t t 'of
2^8 ^The Hi ft or ie of the Reformatioun Lib-
of Glafgowy of Diiric, Abbote of Biimfenueling, Sadies Seytoim^ and Mr. Johne
Swdair Deane of Reji'alng, with fick uthers of the French Faftioun, quho
had openly fpoken that they had refufit all Portioun of Scotland, unlefi that it
war under the Government of a Frencheman. Recompeuce tbame (O Lord) as
thow knaisois maift expedient for thy awn Glory, and for the perpetitall Schame of all
Tratours to thair Comonn-welthe.
The certane Knawlege oi all thefe Things came to our Ears, quhareat mony
wer afrayde, for divers fufpeftit that England wald not be (b fordw^art in
Tymes to cum, confiddering that thair former Expenfes wer fb great. The
principall Comfort remainit with the Preicheours, for they aifured us in
Gods Name that God (buld performe in all Perfeftioun that work in our
Hands, the beginning quhareof he had Co michtelie manteined, beaus it
was not dures, bot his awn. And tharefore exhortit us, That we fbuld con-
ftantly procede to reforme all Abufles, and to plant the Miniftry of the
Kyrk, as by Gods Word we micht juftifie it, and then comitt the Succefs
of all to our God, in quhos Power the Difpofitioun of Ringdomes ftands. And
fo we began to do, for Troubles appeiring, maid us geve Eare to the Admo-
nitiouns of Gods Servands. And quhill that we had icarcely begun agane
to imploir the Helpe of our God,and to fchaw fiam Signes of our Obedience to
his Meffingers and holy Word, Lo the potent Hand of our God from above
fent unto us a wonderfull and moft joyfull Deliverance : For unhappy Fran-
cis Hufband to our Soverane, fuddaneiy perifchit oi a rotten Eare. Bot be-
caus the Deyth of that Chyld was not onely the Caus of Joy to us in Scotland^
bot alfo by it war the faythfuU in France delivered, as it wer, from the pre-
fent Deyth ; We think expedient to intreate the fame fumquhat more
lairgly.
Thefe cruell and conjured Enemies of God and of all Godlines, the Duck
ofGuyfe, the Cardinall of Lorane, and thair Faftioun, quho then at thair awn
Appetites played the Tyrantes in France, had determined the Deflrudiioun of
all that profefTit the trew Knawlege of Jefus Chrift within that Realme. Quhat
Tyrrany laitly befoir they had ufTit at jimhoys, the Hif^ory of Frame doeth
Witnes : Now in Orleance in the Monethe of November, conveint the King
unhappy Francis, the Quene our Soverane, and the Quene Mother, the Duck
of Guyfe, with all his Faftioun, the King of Navar^'^nd the Prince his Brother.
So that great was the Confluence of the Nobility, bot gritter was the AC^
fembly of the Murtheraris (for thair was not ane Hangman in all France quhilk
was not thare.) The Prefbnes wer full of the trew Servands of God : The
King of Navar, and the Prince his Brother wer conftitute Prefbners. The
ScherefF of Orleance, a Man feiring God, was taken, and fo wer mony uthers
of the Town. Breifly thair was nane that profefTit God or Godlines ,within
that Toun, that luiked not for the Extremity, for the Walls and Yets wer
Nicht and Day keaped with the Garifbnes of the Guyfianes, miferabill Men war
daylie brocht in to fiifFer Jugement, bot nane was fuffered to departe fiJrtb,
bot at the Devotioun of the Tyrrantes.
And fb they proceded till the tent or twelft of December, quhen that they
thocht Tyme to put thair bludy Counfaill in Executioun, and for that Purpois
Conclufioun was tane. That the King fould departe of the Toun, and ly a£
a certane Place ; quhilk was done to this Intent, That thair fbuld be no Sute
made to the King for Saifty of any Mans Lyfe, quhom they thocht worthy
of
Lib. III. of Rcligiomj in Scotland. 2^^
of Deyth. And I"o was the Kings Rous in Orkame broken upe his EcU
Coft"ers, andTapyftry fend away, his awn Buittes pur one, and he firrine at the
Mcfs, immediately thareftcr to have departed, and fo tlinir Tyrrany fo have
begun.
Quhen all Things (we fay) wer into this Redincs to fched the Elude of
Innocents, the Eterncll, our God, qnh evir -watchs for the Prefcrvatia.'- cf h'ts
awn, began to work, and fudouncly did put his awn Work in Executioun
for as the Hiid King fit at Mers,he was fuddanely ftrickin with ane Apoibme'
in that dcafe Ear that never wald heir the Treuthe of God. And fo was he
caried to a voyde Hous, layed upoun a Pallayes of a Bed, unto fick Tvme
as a Cannaby was fet upe unto him, quhare he lay till the'i; Day of Decern
her 1560 Years, quhen his Glory penlihed, and the Pryde of his ftubburne
Hairt evanifched m Smoke j and fo was the Snair broken, the Tyrrants dif
apointed of thair Cruelty ; they that war apoynted to Deyth, war rayfcd as'
it war, out ot thair Graves ; and we, quho by our Fulifchnes had maid our-
felves Slaves to Strangears, wer reftored agane lo Frcdome and Liberty of a
free Real me.
O that 'we -me bad Hairts deipJy 1o confuUer quhat ar thy -juoiidrous JVorls 0
Lord, that i^e micht prays them the mids of this maift ohftwate and wkked'Ce-
tieratioun, and leave the MemormJl of the fame to our Poflerrtie, qnhilk a/lace
•we feir fall foryet thefe thy we/innaMl Benefit es. The godly in France upoun
this fuddane Deyth fet furth thefe in Verfes, an Admonitioun to Kind's.
Ad hujus temporis monarchas protrepticon carmen.
r^Onfiliis chiftum oppugnans, & fraitctibiis ingens
^^ regum ilk terror Carolus :
Ipfis r'tdiculus piieris, fur'iofus, & excors^
totus repente corrnit.
^uqiie Henrice malis dum confultoribus uteris
fit is piorum fanguinem :
Ipfe tiio vecors, inopina, c^de peremtus
terra inibuifti fangnine.
Henrici deinceps, fecfaus veftigia patris
FrancifcHs tnfalix ptter
Clamantem Chriftum furda dim negUgit aure
aure putrefa^a corrnit.
Verfuti, fatui, furdi, h^c fpecfacula, reges^
vos fapere vel mori jubent.
The meanying quhairof is that foHowis^
KYnge Charles that Tyrane terrible
Withftanding Chrift with Wirt and Craft,
As mocking Stock moft miferablc,
Endit at anes ragine and daft.
Then Henrie through evil! Cumpnny,
Thrifting the Blood of godlie Men,
With his awin Blood fched fuddantlie,
Was raaid to wait the End ye ken.
T t t 2 Leift
260 The Ht/iorie of the Refer matioun Lib. III.
Leift Frances that unhappie Child
His Fathers Footfteps following plane,
Tq Chrift crying, deafe Ears did yeild,
Ane rotten Eare then was his baine.
O craftie deif and foolifch Kyngs,
Thefe feirfuU Jugements gone befoir you
Biddeth you be wyfer in your Reignes,
Or fchamefull Death will fbne devour you.
The Deyth of this Ring maid great Alteratioun in France^ England and
Scotland. France was erefted in fbme Efperance, that the Tyranny of the
Gujfianes fould no langer rigne above thame, becaus that God a| unwares had
brokin the Staf quhareupoun they leaned ; bot allace, they t&«- deceaved :
For the Simplicity of (um was (b abufed, that againft the Laws of the Re-
alme, to the Quene Mother was comitted the Regiment, quhilk lifted up alfl
well the Duck of Giiyfe^ as the cruell Cardinall, for a Seafbun,
The Quene o{ England^ and the Councell, remitted our AmbafTadours with
Anfwer, That fche wald not marie haftely, and tharefor willit the Councell
of Scotland^ and the Erie of Arrane foirfaid, not to depend upoun anie Hoipe
thareof Quhat Motives Iche had, we omitt.
ThePryde of the Fapifts oi Scotland ht^zn to be abated, and fum that e-
ver had (chawen thamefelfis Enemies unto us, began to think, and playnely
to (peak (amongs quhome the auld Sheref of Air was anej that they per-
ceavit God to fecht for us. The Erie of Arrane himfelf did more patiently
abyde the Repuls of the Quene of England^ becaus that he was not altogither
without Hope, that the Quene of Scotland buir (um Favour unto him : And
(b he wrote unto her, and fend for Credite a Ring, quhilk the (aid Quene our
Soverane knew well yneuche. The Letter and Ring wer both prefented to
the Quene, and of her receaved. Anfwer was returned to the faid Erie, ef-
ter the quhilk he made no farther Ferfute in that Matter : And yet not the
lefs, he bare it heavely in Heart, and mor heavely theft mony wald have
wilched.
The Certainty of the Deyth fbrefaid wes Hgnified unto us both by Sey
and Land. By Sey receaved Johne Knox fquho then had grit Intelligence
both with the Kyrk, and fumofthe Court of France) Letters, That the Ring
was mortally feik, and could not well efchape the Deyth. Quhilks Letters
receaved that fame Day at Efternone, he pafl: to the Duckes Grace, to his awn
Ludgeings at the Ryrk of ffz7^,with quhome he fand the Lord Jatnes in Confe-
rence togither : fThe Erie of Arram was in Jedburgh) to quhome he opened
fick News as he had receaved, and willet thame to be of gude Com forte ;
for, faid he, the Advertifare hes never yet abufit me: (It was the fam Gentil-
man that gave us firft Rnawlege of the Slauchter of Harie the Ring of France) and
(chew unto thame the Letter, bot wald not expres the Mans Name. Quhill
they war refToning in divers Purpoifes ; and he upoun the ane Parte comfdrt-
ing thame, and thay upoun the uther Parte comforting him, (for he was in
no fmall Hevines, be redbun of the late Deyth of his dear Bed-felloW Marie
Boixiis ;) quhill, we (ay, they thre wer familiarly communing togither, thare
cam a Meffinger from the Lord Gray furth of Berwick^ with Letters, afTuring
him of the Deyth of the King of France. Quhilk divulgat and noy(ed abrode.
Lib. III. of Rcligioim in Scotland. 26 1
a generall Conventioun of the haill Nobility was apointcd to be halden at E-
dmbiirgh the fyCt Day of Jiinmre following, in the quhilk the Buik of Difci-
pline was pcrufcd newly over agane, for Cum pretended Ignorance, be rellbn
they had not hard it.
. In that AfTembly was Mr. Alexander Anderfoun Subprincipall of Ahirdene a
Man mor fubtell and crafty than outher learned or godly, called, quho refuf-
ed to difpute of his Faythe, abufTing a Place of Tertnllijue to doke his Igno-
rance. It was anf\vercd unto him, That Tertiillijnc fbuld not prejudge
the Authority of the Haly Ghoft, quho by the Mouthe of Peter comands us
to give ReiToun of our Fayth to every one that requires the fam of us. It was
farder anfwered. That we nouther required him nor yet ony Mart to difpute
in any Foynt concerning our Fayth, quhilk was grounded upoun Gods Word
and fully exprefled within his Holy Scriptures, for all that we beleved with-
out Contraverfie. Bot we required of him, as of the rell of thePapifts that
they wald futfer thair Doftrinc, Conftitutiouns, and Ceremonies to cum to
Tryell ; and principally, that the Mefs, and the Opinioun thareof^ be thame
taucht unto the Pepill, micht be layde to the Square-rewll of Gods Worde
and unto the richt Inftitutioun of Jcfus Chrift, that thay micht underftand
quhidder that thair Prcicheours offended or not, in that, that they affirmed
The Aclioun oftheMefsto be expreditly repugning unto the laft Supper of
the Lord Jcfus ; the Sayer of ir to comitt horribill Blafphemy, in ufurping up.
oun him the Office of Chrift ; the Hearers to comit damnabill Idolatry and
the Opinioun of it conceaved to be Derogatioun, and as it war difTanullinf^ ot
ChriftsDeyth. Quhill the faid Mr. A/e.\\v:der denyGd, that the Preift tuk'up.
oun him Chrifts Office, to offer for Sin, as it was alledged, a Mes Buik was
produced, and in the begyning of the Canone wer thefe Words red, Siifiipg
fanclu trinitas hanc ohlatioiiem, qmm ego indigmis peccaior^ offero i'lhi iivo Deo
& vero^ pro peccatis uie'ts^ pro peccaits totiits ecclefu vhorum & mortiwritm &c.
Now faid the Reffoner, if to offer for the Sines of the haill Kirk, was' not
the Office of Chrift Jefus, yea that Office that to him onely micht, and may
apertein, let the Scripture judge. And if a vylle Knave, quhome ye call the
Preift, proudly takes the fame upoun him, let your awn Buke Witnes. The
laid Mr. Alexander anfwered. Chrift offered the Propitiatory, and that nane
culd do bot he; bot we offer the Remembrance. Quhareunto it was anfwer-
ed. We thunk God that ye have denyed a Sacrifice propitiatory to be in the
Mefs ; and yet we offer to prove, that in mo than ane hundreth Places of
your papifticall Doftours, this Propofitioun is affirmed. The Mes is a Sacrifice
propitiatory. Bot to the fecund Parte, Quhare ye allege that ye offer Chrift in
Remembrance ; we ask firft, Unto quhome ye do offer him } Next, by
quhat Authority ar ye affured of well-doing ? In God the Father thare faills
no Oblivioun : And if ye will yet fchift and fay, that ye offer it not, as if
God wer forgetfull, bot as willing to apply Chrifts Merittes unto his Kirk ;
We demand of you, quhat Power and Comandment have ye fo for to do ?
We knaw that our Mafter Chrift Jefus comanded his Apoftells to do that
quhilk he did in Remembrance of him. Bot plane it is, that Chrift tuk Breid^
gave Thanks^ brak Bred, and gave it to his Difciples, faying, Tak ye, eit ye, this
is my Body quhilk was brokin for you ; do this in Remembrance of me, &c. Here
we find a Comandment, to tak, to eit, to tak and to drink ; but to offer
Chrifts Body eyther for Remembrance or Applicatioun, we find not : And
tharefore we fay, To tak upoun you ane Office quhilk is not geven unto you
U u u is
262 The Hillorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
is injuft Ufurpatioun, and no lawful! Power. The faid Mr. Alexander being
more then aftonifched, wald have fchiftit ; bot then the Lords willit him to
anfwer dire6^1y. Quhereto he anfwered, That he was better fein in Philofb-
phy, then in Theology. Then was commanded Mr, Jolme Leflie (quho
then was Ferlbne ot Une^ and now Lord Abbote of Lendores^ and efter maid
Bifchope of Ros) to anfwer to the former Arguments ; and he with Gravity
began to anfwer, // our Mafter have nothing to fay to it^ I have nothing ; for 1
htaw nothing hot the Canone Law : And the gritteft Kejfoun that ever I culd find
thare is, Nolumus &: Volumus j and yet we underliand that now he is the onely
Patrone of the Mefs. Bot it is no mervell^ for he underftude that he is a Preilts
Gett and thare fore we fould not wonder, albeit that the aitld Trewane Fers he
trew, Fatrem fequitur Cua. proles. The Nobility hearing that neyther the ane
nor the uther wald anfwer direftly, faid, fVe have bene miferably deceaved heir-
tofor-y for if the Mefs may not obtean Ketnijfmm of Sines to the quick and the
dead, quharefore war all the Abbacies fo richly dotit with our Temporal! Lands ?
Thus much we thocht good to infert here, becaus that fum Papifts are
not afchamed now to affirme. That they with thair Reafbnes could never be
heard, bot that all that we did, we did it by mere Force ; quhen that the
quhoUe Realme knowes. That we ever requyred thame to fpeak thair Juge-
ments freely, not onely promifing unto thame Proteftioun and Defence, bot
alfo that we fould fubfcryve with thame, if they be Gods Scriptures culd con-
fute us, and by the lame Word eftablifche thair Aflertiouns. Bot quho can
corre^ the Leifwgs of fick as in all I'hingis fchaw thamefelfis the Sones of the Fa-
ther of all Lies. Preferve us, 0 Lord, from that pervers and malicious Genera-
tioun. Amen.
At this fame Aflembly was the Lord James apointed to go to France to the
Quene our Soverane, and a Parliament was apointed to begin the 20. of Matt
next following ; for at that Tyme was the Returne of the faid Lord James
luiked for. And fo was that Conventioun diffolved, without ony uther Thing
of Importance concluded. The faid Lord James prepared himfelf for his Jor-
ney ; (for albeit he faft in the publifl Effairs, he fufteined the Charges and
his own Expenfes ; and yet thair never pafl fra this Realme in the Cumpany
of ane Man fo many, and fa honefl throuche England to France;) befor he de-
parted, he was foirwarned, alfweill of the Danger of France, zs of the Quenes
Craft Cnot that we then fufpefted her Nature, bot that we underftude the
Malice of her Freinds; ) he was planely premeifit. That it ever he condefcend.
ed that fche fould have Mes publiftly or privately within the Realme of Scot-
land, that then betrayed he the Caus of God, and exponit the Religioun even
to the uttermoft Danger that he culd do. That fche fuld have Mes publictly,
he affirmed that he fiild never confent : Bot to have it fecreitly in her Chal-
mer, Quha culd flope her. The Danger was fchawin ; and fo he departed.
The Eleftioun of the Superintendents heirefter follows in this Maner.
L I B. III. of Rcligicun in Scotland. 26^
The Forme and Ordour of the UeR'toun of tie Siiperniteiidents^ qtihilk may ferje
aJfo 111 Eleflionn of all iitbcr Min'iftcrs. Jt Edinburghe the gtl; of Meiche
I j6o I'ciris, Johne Knox hii/^ Miuifter.
flrlt^ was maid a Sermonc, in the qiihilk thirHeids war intreatcd. FnJ}^
Tiie Ncccnity of Minifters and Superintendents. i. The Crymcs and
Vyccs that micht unaGle thame. 3. The Vertucs required in thame. And
lafty Quhiddcr fick as by publift Confent of the Kyrk wer callit to f:ck Office,
micht retuis the fame.
The Sermone finifched, it was declared be the ftme Minifter, Maker thare-
of, that the Lords of Secrete Coiincell had gevin Charge and Power of the
Kirks of Laidbiane, to chufe Mr. Jolme Spottifwode Superintendent j and that
fufficient Warning was made be publifl Edift to the Kirks of Ediiibmgbe^ Lm.
Jytbgow, StrheUiig^ Tranent, Hadingtonn znd Dunbar-^ as alfb to Earles, Lords,
Barones, Gentilmen, and uthers, having, or quho micht dame to have Voite
in EleiSifiun, to be prefent that Day, at that fame Hour. And tharefore In-
quifitioun was made, Quho wer prefent, and quho wer abfent. Efter was
called the faid Mr. Johie, quho anfwering the Minifier, demanded, Gifony
Man knew ony Cryme or Offence to the laid Mr. Jobne, that mycht unabiil
him to be called to that Office ? And this he demanded ihryis. Secmdhe^
Quel^ioun was moved to the haill Multitude, if thair was ony uthcr quhome
they wald put in Eleftioun with the faid Mr. Jobue. The Pepill werafked.
If they wald have the faid Mr. Jobne Superintendent } If they wald Honour
and obey him as Chrifl's Minifter, and comfort and afTifl him in every Thing
perteining to his Charge ?
They anflv'erif.
We mil; and -we do fromeis unto b'tm fick Obedience^ as hecumethe the Scbeip to
give unto thair Paftoury fa lang as he remains fajthfull in his Office.
The Anflvers of the Pepill, and thair Confents receaved, thir Quefliouns
wer proponit unto him that was to be eleiSed.
^leftioun.
Seing that ye heir the Thrift and Defyre of this People ; do ye not thrnk
yourfelf bund in Confcience befoir God to fupport thame, that fo earneftly call
for your Comfort, and for the Fruit of your Labours ?
Anfweir.
If ante TJ/mg is;er in me aliU to fatisfie thair Defyir^ I acknawUge myfelf bound
to obey God calling by thame.
^leftioun.
Do ye feik to be promoted to this Office and Charge, for ony refpeft of
warldly Comoditie, Riches or Glory?
Anfweir.
God kna'wes the contrarie.
^(eftioun.
Beleve ye not that the Doarine of the Propheits and Apoflles, conteined
in the Bulks of the Auld and New Teftaments, is the onely trew and mofl
abfolute Foundatioun of the univerfall Kirk of Chrift Jefus, infamekiU that in
the fame Scriptures ar conteined all Things neceflary to be beleved for the
Salvatioun of Mankind }
U u u 3 Anfwer
/
»>■■.. ■■ ... — ■ ■ — — J- — ■' ■ " — " ■ . ■ ■■—■ ^M.. ■ ^
264. The Hiftorie of the Re/ormatiomi Lib. III.
Anfweir.
/ 'uerely h(leve the fame, and do abhorre and utterly refuis all Do^rine alleged
wecelfiXry to Sahatioun, that is not exprejfedly conteined in the fame.
^eftioun.
Is not Chrift Jefus Man of Man, according to the Fle(che, to ivit. The
Sone of David, the Seid ofJbrahame, conceaved by the Holy Gaift, borne of
the Virgin Marie his Mother, the onely Heid and Mediatouf of his Kirk ?
Anfweir.
He is and without him thair is nouther Sahatioun to Man, nor Lyfe to An-
sell.
^eftioim.
Is not the fame Lord Jefus, onely trew God, the eternell Sone of the e-
ternell Father, in quhome all that (all be (aved wer elefted befbir the Fun-
datioun of the World was layd ?
Anfweir.
/ confes md achmndege him in the Unitie of his Godheid, to he God ahove all
Thingis hkffit for evir.
^leftioun.
Sail not they quhome God in his eternell Councell hes ele<5tit, be callit
to the Rnawlege of his Sone, our Lord Jefiis, and fall not they, quho of
Purpois ar elefted in this Lyfe, be juftified ; and is not Juftificatioun and fre
RemifTioun of Sines obtained in this Lyfe by free Grace ? Sail not this Glo-
rie of the Sones of God follow in the generallRefurrqdioun, quhen the Sone
of God fall apeir in his glorious Majefly ?
Anfweir.
/ ackna-wlege this to he the Doiirine of the Apoftksy and the moji fingular Com-
fort of God's Childrein.
^eftioun.
Will ye not contein yourfelfin all Doftrine within the Boundes of this
Foundatioun ? Will ye not (tudy to promote the C^m, alfweiU by your Lyfe,
as by your Do6lrine ? Will ye not, according to .the Graces and Utterance
that God fall grant unto yow, profes, inflruf'ie and mantene the Purity of the
Doftrine, conteined in the facred Word of God ? And, to the uttermofl of
your Power, will ye not ganefland, and convince the Gaynfayers and Teichers
of Mens Invent iouns ?
Anfweir.
That I do promeis in the Prefeitce of God, and of his Congregatioun heir affemlled.
^eftiomi.
Knaw ye not, that the Excellency of this Office, to the quhilk God hes
called yow, requires that your Converfatioun and Behaviour be fick, as that
ye may be irreprehenfible j yea, even in the Eyis of the Ungodly ?
Anfweir,
lunfaynedly acknawlege, and humilly defyre the Kirk of God, to pray with me^
that my Lyfe he not fcandalous to the glorious Evangell of Jefus Chriji.
^ejiioun.
Becaus ye ar a Man compafTed with Infirmities, will ye not charitably and
with Lawlines of Spirit, receave Admonitioun of your Brethrein ? And if
ye fall happin to flyid, or offend in ony Point, will ye not be fubjeft to the
Difcipline of the Kirk, as the reft of your Brethrein ?
The
Lib. III. * of Rcligiotm in Scotland. 2^5
The Anfwer of the Superintendent, or Minifter to be eleftcd.
/ acknawlege myfelf to be a Man^ fuhjell to Infirmity, and ane that hes Ne'id of
Correfliom and Admomtioun ; and tharefoir I maift uillingly fuhmit and fuhjeH my
felf to the kailfium D'lfciphn of tke Kirk ; yea, to the Difcipline of the fam Kirk
by the qubilk I ame ttow called to this Office and Chairge -^ and heir in God's Pre] ens
and yoitriSj do promeis Obedience to all Admonitiones, fecretly or publickly gevin ■
unto the qiihilk, if I be found inobedient, I confes myfelf moft worthie to be ejeSled
hot onely from this Honour, bot alfo frome the Society of the Faythfull^ in cais of
my Stubburnnes : For the Vocatioun of God, to heir Chairge within his Kirk, niak-
eihe not Men Tyrantes, nor Lordis^ bot apojntethe tbame Servandis, IVatchemen and
Paftoris o'f the Flock.
This ended, Queftioun man be aiked agane of the Multitude.
^leftioun.
iRequire ye ony farther of this your Superintendent ? If no Man anfwer
lat the Minifter proceid. Will ye not acknawlege this your Brother, for the
Minifter of Chrift Je(us ? Will ye not reverence the Word of God that
proceids fra his Mouthe? Will ye not receave of him the Sermone of Ex-
hortatioun with Patience, not refuifing the haiKbme Medicine of your Saulls
althocht it be bitter and unpleifmg to the Flefche ? Will ye not finally, man-
tene and coniforte him in his Miniflry, againft all fick as wickitly wald rebell
againf^ God, and his holy Ordinance ?
The Peple anfwereth.
We willy as we will anfwer to the Lord Jefus, quho hes conmandit bis Mini-
fieris to be bad in Reverence, as his AmbaffcidourSy and as Men that cairfulh
*soatthe for tie Salvationn of our Saullis.
Let the Nobility alfo be urged with this.
Ye have hard the Dewty and ProfeOioun of this your Brother, by your
Confentis apointit fo this Charge ; as al(b the Dewty and Obedience, quhilk
God requirethe of us towards him heir in his Miniflry : Bot becaus that ney-
ther of bothe ar abill to performe ony Thing without the efpeciall Grace of
our God in Chrift Jefus, quho hes promeifed, to be with us prefent, even to the
Confumatioun of the fVarld ; withunfeyned Hairtis, lat us crave of him his Be-
nediftioun and AlTiftance in this Work begun, to his Glory, and for the Com-
fort of his Kirk.
'7%e Prayer.
OLord, to quhome all Power is gevin in Hearin and in Eirfhe, tho\t
that art the Eternell Sone of the Eternell Father, quho hes not onely Co
luifit thy Kirk, that for the Redemptioun and Purgatioun of the fam, thow
hes humilled thyfelf to the Deyth of the Croce ; and thareupoun hes fched thy
moft innocent Bluid, to prepair to thyfelf a Spous without Spote ; bot alfo to
retein this thy moft excellent Benefite in Memory, hes apointed in thy Kirk,
Teichears, Paftures, andApoftles, to inftruft, comfort and admonifche the fam :
Luk upoun us mercifully, O Lord, thow that onely art King, Teicher and
Hie Preift to thy awn Flock ; and fend unto this our Brother, quhome in thy
Name we have chairged V/ith the cheif Cair of thy Kirk, within the Boundis
of Lauthiane, fick Portioun of thy Holy Spreif, as thareby he may r)chtly de-
Vyde thy Word to the Inftuftioun of thy Flocke, and to the Confutatioun of
pernitious Erroures, and damnable Supcrftitiones. Give unto him, gude Lord
X X z aMouthf
266 The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
a Mouthe and Wifdome, quhareby the Enemeis of thy Truthe may be con-
founded, the Wolfis expellit, and driven from thy Fauld, thy Scheip may be
fed in the wholfum Paftures of thy moft holy Word, the Blind and Ignorant
may be illuminated with thy trcwKnawlege ; Finally, That the Dregisof Su-
perftitioun and Idolatry, quhilk yit reftis within this Realme, being purged
and removed, we may all, not onely have Occafioun to glorifie the our onely
Lo/d and Saviour, bot al(b dayly to grow in Godlines and Obedience of thy
moft holy Willjto the Diftruftioun of the Body of Synne, and to the Reftitutioun
of that Image, to the quhilk we wer anes created, and to the quhilk, efr
ter our Fall and Defeftioun, we ar renewed, by Participatioun of thy Holy
Spirit, quhilk by trew Fayth in the, we do profes, as the bliffit of thy
Father, of quhome the perpetuall Incres of thy Graces, we crave, as by the
our Lord and Ring, and onely Bifchope, we ar taucht to pray, faying, Our
Father that art in Hevin, &c.
The Prayer ended, the reft of the Minifters, if ony be, and Elders of that
Kirk prefent, in Signe of thair Confents, fall tak the Elected be the Hand, and
then the cheif Minifter fall gif the Benediftioun, as follows.
God, the Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, quho hes comanded his Evangell
to be preiched, to the Comfort of his Ele61:, and hes called the to the Office
of a Watcheman over his Peple, multiply his Graces with the, illuminat the
with his holy Spirit, comforte and ftrenthen the in all Vertewe, governe and
guyde thy Miniflry, to the Prayis of his holy Name, to the Propogatioun of
Chrift's Kingdome, to the Comforte of his Kirk; and finally, to the plaiti
Difchairge and Affurance of thy awn Confcience in the Day of the Lord Jelus ;
to quhom, with the Father, and the Holy Ghoift, be all Honour, Prays and
Glory, now and ever. So be it.
I'he laji Exhortatioun to the Ele^ecl.
TAke Held to thy felfj and unto the Flock comitted to thy Chairge^;
feid the fame cairfully, not as it wer of Compulfioun, bot of Very
Love, quhilk thow beareft to the Lord Jefus. Walk in Simplicity and Pure-
nes of L>fe, as it becumethe the trew Servand and Ambafladour of the Lord
Jefus. Ufurpe not Dominioun, nor tyrranicall Impyre over thy Brethrein :
Be not difcuraged in Adverflty, bot lay befoir thyfelf the Exemple of Pro-
pheits, Apoftles, and of the Lord Jefiis, quho in thair Miniftry fufteaned Con-
tradiftioun, Contempt, Perfecutioun and Deyth. Feir not to rebuik the Warld
of Sine, Juftice, and Jugement. If ony Thing flicceid profperoufly in thy Vo-
catioun, be not puft upe with Pryde ; nether yit flatter thy felf, as that the gude
Succes proceided from thy Vertew, Induftry or Cair : Bot let ever that Sen-
tence of the Apoftle remane in thy Hairt j ^hat hes thow, quhilk thcvo hes
mt receavit ? If thow hes receavit^ quhy glorieft thow? Comfort the A flflifted,
(upport the Puir, and exhort utheris to fiipport thame. Be not fblift for Things
of this Lyfe, bot be fervent in Prayer to God, for Increfs of his Holy Spif if.
And finally, behave thyfelf in this holy Vocatioun, with flck Sobriety, as God
may be glorified in thy Miniftry: And fb fall thow fchortly obtein the ¥1610-
ry, and fall receave the Crown promeifed, quhen the Lord Jefus fall apeir in
his Glory, quhois Omnipotent Spirit aflift the, and us unto the End. Jmen.
Then fine the 23. Pfalme,
The
Lib. III. of Rcligwim i?i Scotland. 261
Ike Oy.-lciir of the ElecJiouii of Eldens and Deaconis in the privie Kirk of Edin-
burghc /" i/:e hegynnig, qiihen as yet thair was no pitHut Jf'ace of a Kirk^
nor opyn AfjemhlieSy hot Jecreit and privie Convent iounis in Houfes^ or in the
Feildis.
BEfoif that thare wes ony pubII6l Face of a frew Religioun within this
Reah-ne,it pleifcd God of his grit Mercie,to illuminat the Hairts ofmony
privat Perfbnes, lb that they did perceave and underfiand the Abudcs that
wer in the Papii^icall Kirk, and thareupoun withdrew thamefl-lfis from Parti-
cipatioun of thare Idolatrie. And becaus the Spirit of God will never fuffer
his awne to be idle and voyde of all Religioun, Men began to exercife
thamefelfis in reading of the Scriptures fecreitly within thair awne Hcufes ;
and Varietie of Perlbnes culd not be keipt in gud Obedience and honeft
Fame, without Overfiers, Elders and Decones : And Co begane that frnall
Flocke to put thamefelfis in fick Ordour, as if Chrift Jefus had planely tri-
umphed in the middes of tharae, by the Power of his Evangell. And ihay
did eleft (um to occupie the (upreame Place of Exhortatioun and Reading,
(bm to be Elderis and Heiperis unto thame, for the Ovcrfight of the Flocke:
And (bm to be Deacones for the CoUeciioun of Almes to be diftributed to the
Poore of thair awn Bodie. Of this fmall begyning is that Order, quhilk
now God of his grit Mercie lies gevin unto us publiftlie within this Realme.
Of the principalis of thame that wer knowne to be Men of gude Converfa-
tioun and honeft Fame in the privy Kirk, wer chofen Elders and Deacones
to reuU with the Minifter in the publike Kirk : Quhilk Burdene thay pati-
ently (ufteaned a Yeir and mair. And then becaus they culd not (without
neglefting of thair awen private Houfes) langer wait upoun the publici Charge j
they defyred that they micht be releavcd, and that uthers micht be bur-
deined in thair Roume: Quhilk was thocht aPetitioun refTonabill of the haill
Kirk. And tharefore it was granted unto thame, that thay fbuld nominate and
gif upe in Eleftioun fick Perfbnages as thay in thair Confciences thocht maift
apte and abill to ferve in that Charge ; provyding that they (buld nominate
double ma Perfonis then war fufficient to ferte in that Charge, to the end
that the haill Congregatioun micht have thair free Vote in thair Eleftioun.
And this Ordour hes bene ever obferved fen that Tyme in the Kirk of Edin-
hurghe, that is, that the auld SefTioun befor thair Departure nominat 24 in
Eleftioun for Elders, ofquhom 12 ar to be chofcn, and 32 for Deacounes,
ofquhome 16 ar to be elefted ; quhilk Perfones ar public^ly proclaimed in
the Audience of the haill Kirk, upoun a Sonday Befoir-none, efter Sermonej
with Admonitioun to the Kirk, that if ony Man knaw ony notorious Cryme
or Caus, that micht unabill ony ofthefe Perfones to enter in fick Vocatioun,
that they fould notifie the fame unto the SefTioun the next Thwfday : Or if
ony knaw any Perfones mair abill for that Charge, rhey fould notifie the fame
unto the SefTioun, to the end that na Man cyther prefent or abfcnt (being
ane of the Kirkj fuld complayne that he was fpoyled of his Liberty in Elcfti-
oun. The Sonday following Befoirnone, in the end of the Sermohe, the
hole Communicants ar comandit to be prefent Efteroone, to gif thair VoiteS
as they will anfwer befoir God, to fick as they efteme moft abill to beir the
Charge of the Kirk with the Minifters. The Votes of all being receaved,
the SctoIcs of ail ar delyvered to any of the Minifters, quho keips the fame
X X X a fecreit
2(^8 The Hijlorie of the Kejormntiomi Lib. IIL
fecreit fra the Sicht of all Men rill the next I'hurfday ; and then in^he Seffioun
he produces thame that the Voites may be counted, quhare the monieft Voites
without refpe6l of Perfbnes, have the firft Place in the Elderfchip, and (b pro-
ceiding till the Numer of 1 2 be compleit ; Co that if a puir Man exceid the
riche Man in Voites, he preceids him in Place ; and it is caHed the firft, fe-
cund and thrid Elder, even as the Voites anfweretjie. And this fame is ob-
ferved in the Eleftioun of Deaconis.
The Fryday efter that Jugement is tane, quhat Perfones ar elefted for El-
ders and Decones to (erve for that Yeir ; the Minifter efter liis Sermone reids
the fame Names publit^Iy, and gives Comandment openly, that fick Perfones
be prefent the next Sonday at Sermone Befoirnone, in the Place to be apoint-
ed for thame to accept that Charge, that God by Plurality of Votes had layd
uponn thame. Quho being conveined, the Minifter efter Sermone reids the
Names publiclly, the Abfents (if ony be) ar noted, and thes quho ar prefenc
ar admonilched to qonfider the Dignity of that Vocatioun, quhareunto God
hes called thame : The Dewty that they aucht to the Pepill : The Danger
that lyes upoun thame, if they be found negligent in thair Vocatioun, And
finally. The Dewty of the People towards the Perlbns elefted. Quhilk being
done, this Prayer is red,
^he Prayer in the EWioun of the ^deris.
OErernell and everlafting God, Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, quho
of thy infinite Gudenes and Mercy, hes chofin to thy (elf a Kirk of
the loft Seid of Adame^ quhilk thow hes ever reulled by the Infpiratioun of
thy Holie Spirit ; and yet not the left, hes always uflit the Miniftry of Men,
alfwell in preiching of thy Word, and Adminiftratioun of thy Sacraments,
as in gyding of thy Flock, and provyding for the Puir within the fame, as
in the Law, Propheits, and in thy glorious Evangell we hare Witnefles :
Quhilk Ordour (O Lord) thow of thy Mercie hes now reftoired unto us a-
gane, efter that the publift Face of the Kirk hes bene deformed by the Ty- '
rany of that Romane Antichrift. Grant unto us, O hevinly Father, Hairts
thankful I for the Benefites quhilks we have receaved, and give unto thefe our
Brethrein, elefted linto thir Charges within thy Kirk, fick Abundance of thy
Holie Spirit, that they may be found vigilant and faythflill in that Vocatioun,
quhareunto thow of thy Merey hes callit thame. And albeit, O Lord, thefe
fmall Begynings ar contemned of the proude World, yet, O Lord, do thow
for thy awn Mercies Sake, bles the fame in fick forte that thy godlie Name
may be glorified, Superftitioun and Idolatry may be ruited out, and Vertue
may be planted, not onely in this Generatioun, bot alfb in the Pofterity to
cum. Amen. Grant us this mercifull Father, for Chrift Jefus thy Sones Saik,
in quhos Name we call unto thee, as he hes taucht us, faying. Our Father, &c.
And fb efter theReherlall of theBeleif, efter the quhilk fall be fung this For.
tioun of the 103 Pfalme, ver. 19. The Hevens hich ar, andfb forth to the End
of that f falme. Efter the quhilk fall this fchort Admonitioun be gevin to the
elefted.
Magnifie God, quho hes of his Mercy callit yow to ruill within his
Kirk: Be thankfull in your Vocatioun: Schaw yourfelfis Zealous to pro-
mote Verity, feir not the Faces of the Wicked, bot rebuik thair Wickit-
nss;
Tin ITI
r\f H piiirin
tJV$ 4^f
^/^«-vfrl>».. J
J^ NEAV BOOIv,
OF
C^.¥C'j^cviL Vir.-iciTr ^^s ^M^i'itE Yiuo'tt*
ox A Sl-njECT
VITALLY INTERESTING TO EVERY AMERICAN CITIZEN.
ENTITI.KI),
POP[Rl THE P0[ Of TH[ CHORCfl
ir
n
I;
THE REPUBLIC.
DY
REV. JOSEPH S. VAN DYKE, A. M.
lumsTKATiB) wtTM sypEBioR iwaRA.vi&ias.
The position, efforts, and expressed purposes of Political Romanism in our country
have awalvcned an interest wlildi earnestly calls for an array of the facts hearing ui>oii
Popery's relation to Christianity and to Civil Liberty. No thoughtful observer of )>ass-
intr events, no lover of the pure (iosiiel, no friend of our free institutions can fail to dis-
cern its deadly hostility to all the American Cliristian Iiolds dear. It is with this stu-
pendous system of error, which is now laboriously endeavorin"; to bind upon this nation
tlie fetters of despotism, that this work successfully does battle. Able, comprehensive,
and scholarly, written in a fresh, clear, energetic, and elegant style, it meets the demand
of the day. It deals with living (luestions, i)resents a fearful compendium of startling
facts, and a series of arguments which must force conviction upon tlic mind of every
imbiassed reader.
Tlie Author's long familiarity with the subject, his extensive correspondence with
those in itositions to ascertain the spirit nf tlie Romish Cluucii, and his preparation of
ninnerous articles on the subject for the secular and religious press, are a suflicient
guaranty that the subjects which occupy his pen are treated in an able and interesting
manner.
Some idea of the varied character of tlie work may be obtained frc ■ """■"' " '" ""' ""'
brief summary of the topics discussed : jhephcrd." Aiiogan, Mich.
y ITTfiJ T> I T> I f^V T*Tk T^T^ j'rf'fr.ot besitato to commend any of his
As a political power; as the foe of the Church and of Repul *«♦• ^f^y^"' ^•'"^s'' ^"'°°' ''*■
as a peri)etuation of tliat meaningless formulism whicli 1
and we Bpeak for the work a wide-
enemy of true ("liristi;inity ; as Paganism under a new name
\mwearied antagonist of the true Churcli and of liberty, ci vil:r«t Pre«. Cbnrch, EHingham, in.
national.
■ vVil«iV.» w
f »v ..Ml. 4 i^unn rium^ quniiiE jnormity was ofmony Yeirs'left and
^ ^ dam*
2^8 The Hiflorie of the Keformatioun Lib. IIL
fecrek fra the Sicht of all Men rill the next T'hurfday ; and then in^he Seflioun
he produces thame that the Voites may be counted, quhare the monieft Voites
without refpeiS of Perfbnes, have the firft Place in the Elderfchip, and Co pro-
ceiding till the Numer of 1 2 be compleit ; fo that if a puir Man exceid the
riche Man in Voites, he preceids him in Place ; and it is caHed the firft, fe-
cund and thrid Elder, even as the Voites anfweretJie. And this fame is ob-
ferved in the Ele.ftioun of Deaconis.
The Fryday efter that Jugement is tane, quhat Perfones ar elefted for El-
ders and Decones to ferve for that Yeir ; the Minifter efter >iis Sermone reids
the fame Names publi6lly, and gives Comandment openly, that fick Perfones
be prefent the next Sonday at Sermone Befoirnone, in the Place to be apoint-
ed for thame to accept that Charge, that God by Plurality of Votes had layd
uponn thame. Quho being conveined, the Minifter efter Sermone reids the
Names publiclly, the Abfents (if ony be) ar noted, and thes quho ar prefenc
ar admonifched to confider the Dignity of that Vocatioun, quhareunto God
hes called thame : The Dewty that they aucht to the Pepill : The Danger
that lyes upoun thame, if they be found negligent in thair Vocatioun. And
finally. The Dewty of the People towards the Perfbns elefted. Quhilk being
done, this Prayer is red. ,
'the Prayer in the EWtoun of the hUerhi
OErernell and everlafting God, Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, quho
of thy infinite Gudenes and Mercy, hes chofin to thy felf a Kirk of
the loft Seid of Jdame, quhilk thow hes ever reulled by the Infpiratioun of
thy Holie Spirit ; and yet not the lefs, hes always ufiit the Miniftry of Men,
alfwell in preiching of thy Word, and Adminiftratioun of thy Sacraments,
as in gyding of thy Flock, and provyding for the Puir within the fame, as
in the Law, Propheits, and in thy glorious Evangel] we hare Witnefles :
Quhilk Ordour (O Lord) thow of thy Mercie hes now reftoired unto us a-
gane, efter that the publift Face of the Kirk hes bene deformed by the Ty- '
rany of that Romane Antichrift. Grant unto us, O hevinly Father, Hairts
thankfull for the Benefites quhilks we have receaved, and give unto thefe our
Brethrein, ele6led linto thir Charges within thy Kirk, fick Abundance of Ay
Holie Spirit, that they may be found vigilant and faythfull in that Vocatioun,
quhareunto thow of thy Merey hes callit thame. And albeit, O Lord, thefe
fmall Begynings ar contemned of the proude World, yet, O Lord, do thow
for thy awn Mercies Sake, bles the fame in fick forte that thy godlie Name
may be glorified, Superftitioun and Idolatry may be ruited out, and Vertue
may be planted, not onely in this Generatioun, bot alfb in the Pofterity to
cum. Amen. Grant us this merciful! Father, for Chrift Jefus thy Sones Saik,
in quhos Name we call unto thee, as he hes taucht us, faying, Our Fathery 8cc.
And fb efter theReherfall of theBeleif, efter the quhilk fall be fung this For.
tioun of the 103 Pfalme, ver. 19. The Hevens hich ar, andfb forth to the End
of thatffalme. Efter the quhilk fall this fchort Admonitioun be gevin to the
elected.
Magnifie God, quho hes of his Mercy callit yow to ruiU within his
Kirk: Be thankfull in your Vocatioun: Schaw yourfelfis Zealous to pro-
mote Verity, feir not the Faces of the Wicked, bot rebuik thair Wickit-
nss;
T .„ TTT ^f D./:~:.
'0 AGENTS.
l.aiul i.s tlcstini'il tiiassutno
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Eev. ALEX\NDE3 T. McGILL, D. D., Professor in the Theological Seminary, Princeton, Nov.*
Jersey, says :
"I most earnestly emnmcnd it as an pffort of gre.nt merit, in the diligence and skilful array nf the facts
which arc of ?uch fearful moment to the Church and to the country at this hour. This book will do great
good in awakening the apathy, and engaging a more earnest inquiry among Protestant people respecting
the insidious, busy, and baleful advances of this anti-Clirislian power."
Eev. W. KENEY GEEEN , D. D., Professor of Hebrew in the Theological Seminary, Princeton, How
Jersey, says :
" It hear^ the cvi«lenec of careful preparation, and is vigorously written, and in a style adapted to secure
readers and carry conviction. The second part particularly, which deals with important, practical, and living
issues, will be sure to attract attention. Upon these points the position is manly, outspoken, and decided."
I
As EVINCED ill the desiK)tism now streniiouslv defended ; iiesses. both on the platlurm
Infallibility .Ingma ; in the disgusting and heaven-insulting '^'^^"lUs notTw..rk'\nNfu^^^^^ '
the frauds nnbliishiiigly palmed uimiii the credidoiis ; in the ,t „f practical, living, vital *
veneration of the faithful ; in tlie lying wonders, denoniina citizen,
and shamelessly recounted in recent publications: and in 'I'ntly. much laborand time
1 •" .1 i-i . bringnig the book williin
nierraiicy and immutability. *" *
'"ntion of agents, il ■
liOJIAXfSM THE FOE OF LTHEfrixr Andilie
Unchanged and unchangeable, the same in spirit in this enlightened nineteenth century
as in the world's niidnig'ut. Koine's noonday of glory ; opposed to civil lilierty. to reli-
gions lilK-rty, to a free press, to the edue.ition of the masses, to our Public School .Sy.s-
tein, to the sei>aration of t'hurcli and State, to freedom of conscience, to the free distri-
bution of t!ie l>ible, to liberty of opinion and free discussion ; in short, to every safegii;ud
of ))<ipular liberty, being an emiihatic protest a^'uinst the civilization, progress, hopes,
aims and government of the present age, and so far as circumstances will permit, the ,
s;une relentless iier.secutor she has ever been.
Tliese several toiiies, and othei-s etpially interesting, are discus-sed in a manly, frank,
outspoken manner, and in a condensed, forcible, and popular .style. Dealing little in
denunciation, tlie positions maintained in the body of the work are irrefiagably ju-oved
by tpiotations in foot-notes from pnnninent papal writers of the present day ; forcing
iil)on the niir.d the conviction that Pojicry, as it now exists, is the Foe ok God axi>
Max, of the C'ul'kcii, axu of llEruiiLicAxisji.
.-v»w wtr
«cirea up ro maK a Kohn mtd, quhilk Inormity was of mony Yeirs Mi and
2^8 The Hijlorie of the Kejormatiotm Lib. IIL
fecreit fra the Sicht of all Men rill the next I'hurfday ; and then in^fhe Seflioun
he produces thame that the Voltes may be counted, quhare the monieft Voites
without refpeft of Perfones, have the firft Place in the Elder/chip, and (b pro-
ceiding till the Numer of 1 2 be compleit j (b that if a puir iVlan exceid the
riche Man in Voites, he preceids him in Place ; and it is caHed the firft, fe-
cund and thrid Elder, even as the Voites anfweretjje. And this fame is ob-
ferved in the Eleftioun of Deaconis.
The fryday efter that Jugement is tane, quhat Perfones ar elefted for El-
ders and Decones to ferve for that Yeir ; the Minifter efter his Sermone reids
the fame Names publi6lly, and gives Comandment openly, that fick Perfones
be prefent the next Sonday at Sermone Befoirnone, in the Place to be apoint-
ed for thame to accept that Charge, that God by Plurality of Votes had layd
uponn thame. Quho being conveined, the Minifter efter Sermone reids the
Names publictly, the Abfents (if ony be) ar noted, and thes quho ar prefenc
ar admonifched to confider the Dignity of that Vocatioun, quhareunto God
hes called thame : The Dewty that they aucht to the Pepill : The Danger
that lyes upoun thame, if they be found negligent in thair Vocatioun. And
finally. The Dewty of the People towards the Perlbns elected. Quhilk being
done, this Prayer is red. ,
^he Prayer m the Ele^'ioun of the Klder'tSi
OErernell and everlafting God, Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, quho
of thy infinite Gudenes and Mercy, hes chofin to thy (elf a Kirk of
the loft Seid of Jdame^ quhilk thow hes ever reulled by the Infpiratioun of
thy Holie Spirit ; and yet not the lefs, hes always uflit the Miniftry of Men,
alfwell in preiching of thy Word, and Adminiftratioun of thy Sacraments,
as in gyding of thy Flock, and provyding for the Puir within the fame, as
in the Law, Propheits, and in thy glorious Evangel! we hare Witnefles :
Quhilk Ordour (O Lord) thow of thy Mercie hes now reftoired unto us a-
gane, efter that the publift Face of the Kirk hes bene deformed by the Ty- '
rany of that Romane Antichrift. Grant unto us, O hevinly Father, Hairts
thankfull for the Benefites quhilks we have receaved, and give unto thefe our
Brethrein, elefted linto thir Charges within thy Kirk, fick Abundance of ihy
Holie Spirit, that they may be found vigilant and faythftill in that Vocatioun,
quhareunto thow of thy Merey hes callit thame. And albeit, O Lord, thefe
fmall Begynings ar contemned of the proude World, yet, O Lord, do thow
for thy awn Mercies Sake, bles the fame in fick forte that thy godlie Name
may be glorified, Superftitioun and Idolatry may be ruited out, and Vertue
may be planted, not onely in this Generatioun, bot alfo in the Pofterity to
cum. Amen. Grant us this mercifuU Father, for Chrift Jefos thy Sones Saik,
in quhos Name we call unto thee, as he hes taucht us, faying. Our Father y &c.
And fo efter theReherfall of theBeleif, efter the quhilk fall be fung this For.
tioun of the 1 03 Pfalme, ver. 1 9. The Hevens hich ar, and fo forth to the End
of that f falme. Efter the quhilk fall this fchort Admonitioun be gevin to the
elefted.
Magnifie God, quho hes of his Mercy callit yow to mill within his
Rirk: Be thankfull in your Vocatioun: Schaw yourfelfis Zealous to pro-
mote Verity, feir not the Faces of the Wicked, bot rebuik thair Wickit-
IB. HI. of Kcll7inun in Sr-nt1onrl
T hsTv brrn iTUIy ?»nrpri^«l tlint. nmid the i»n;^o»'*inR dutios of an important pastoral clmrp*, Mr. Van Pyk<' Im-" lie*-!!
bio to pri']«ri- MM-\l«-(Hltvl •fill Clionni;;)! a ilimMttuiiun of the sul<ji>ct. IIu Iihk ctTliiiitly (Ioiu* a vhIukIiIc tx-rvicc in col-
fctiOfC «n>l pmkpntin^, iii a {Mtpuhir an<t imprtttnive form, such an amy of facts and aulljoritiet, demonitniting the
litMillily of I'oiirry lo our free iustitutions niid to (•vangelical Christianity. The bouk has connrnit.*d the conticllon I have
long rui«rtAin<Hl, that th« mafinitndi* uf the ilajigtmi tu he apprt-liundttl from thu increase of lN*i>ery in our conulry is not
ftilly RppnN?iat¥4l. The prcM and the pulpit of the past gonc-rution — when the actual evil was far less than it is now —
wf>ri' ^r niorti outrptJcen on the suhjt-Tt than thoy nre at the pn-sent day. I beli^vo tills is due not to (he fact that the evil
i? ditninishinK, hut iM-caUiw; thi* Icadem of puMic ojunion are rohiriant to excite the enmity and op|K)4itiou of a {Kiwur that
hjis bi-come *o forniidahle. Snrrounded as we iire by the followcry of "The Man of Sin.' it re<iNiro« a gond dtgriM! of
moral coiini^ to exiKine iho itiiquitiM of wliat thvy reganl ai* siicrcd. I am glud that the author liaj« uinlt^rtakun the
work, and it pivos me pUMSun; to say that ho has MCioioplinhi-d the task wirh mnrktd abtlit;/. Whiit is needwl is nut
iiiinple declaration, but facti> and nuihoritii-s which can n -t Ik- gaiusaid, and which must carry conviction to every unpr- •
judice<I niiud that duly considi-r;* them. Tliis liis work furnUhes. and I therefore cordially coinmund it. I trust that it
may be received with the public favor it deserves, and that it may coutrihulo to arrest the progress of the most formidable
eueoi; with which uf, as palrJotd and as Christians, have to contend.
JOHN T. DVFFIELD, D.D^ Prof, of Mathematics in Princeton College.
The book, entitled "Popery the Foe," etc., is very able, and its publication seasonable. It cannot fail to do great good.
WM. H. CAMPBELL, D.P^ LL.D., President of Rutgors College.
I have read with interest nnd profit the work entitled ** Popery the Foe," etc. It is an excellent summary of princi-
ples and facts bearing u|ton the •^ontroverity with tlio Papal Church. The arrangements and apjieals ure sound and strong.
It is a timely contribution to thucaude of true relij^on and civil liberty.
JOSEPH T. DCRYKA, D.D., Pastor of Clason Ave. Pres. Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y.
It is forcibly written, an'l presents a convincing array of facts not generally known, proving the dangerous character
and dr^jgns of the Honiish Church, as the common enemy of civil and reIi(cious liberlj. Its circulation will therefore do
great gmtd in arousing Pnit'-^tints to a realization of their danger, and in inciting them to withstand the further aggre.-
eiuosof tbis unscrupulous Toe
REV. J. D. R.iKDOLPir, Pastor of the First Pres. CTi., Frenchtown, N. J.
If I ^hnnld express my very decided opinion of your book in a single sentence, it would be this : you Imve succeeded
in setting forth, iu vigorous and popular style, facta which it is of vital importance should he widely dissemiirtted. I hope
t may be extvnsiv<>Iy circuLatcnL lis reading must be productive of good to our country and to the Church of God.
REV. JOSEPH G. SYMMES, Pastor First Church, Cranberry, N. J.
I have examined Popery, «lc^ »nd find it eminently readable, abounding with ficts strongly stated and well arranged .
REV. J. W. CHAMBERS, D.D., Pastor Reformed Church, New York City.
I have been very mnch interested in " Popery the Foe of the Church and the Republic." It fills a niche which is
occupied by no other work with which I am acquainted. I consider it a useful work, well calmlated to inform the public
as to the true character of Popery. The pajwr is excellent, the type so clear and beautififl that the book almost reada
ftselt The binding is all tliat con bv dtf^ired.
REV. J. A. BLAUVELT, Pastor Presbyterian Church, German Valley, X. J.
Mr. Van Dyke is an earnest foe (o the whole system of the Papacy, and give* his reasons therefor in this book. His
special object in the book is to show that Popery is still the same that it was in the days of it-* gre."it power, the enemy of
liberty in Church and State. He does this by an array of facts, and by the quotation of frank avowals made by higli
Catholic anihorities, which ought to be convincing. Mr. Vim Dyke de-ils with Popery in its modyrn aspect, and with the
events of its pn??"nt history, and therefore his book is fresh and intereatiug. The style is direct and vigorous — the style
of a man iatcat upon his work.
THE PRESBYTERIAN, Philadelphia, Pa.
Eminently able and timely. It will go like fire, and I hope will be a part of the "brightness of that coming" which
will destroy the "^man of sin."
REV. M. C. SCTPDEN, D.D., New York City.
It is another snccessfnl eflfort to keep the minds of Americans, and especially of all Protestants, awake as to the real
genius and constant aims of their common foe.
REV. U. JUDD, Rector "Good Shepherd," Allegan, Mich.
I have such a bi^h estimate of the anthor as a thinker and scholar that I do not hesitate to commend any of his
productions and ask for them the consideration of all thoughtful persons.
EEV. W. a CATTELL, D.D., Preet. Lafayette College, Easton, Pa.
Tlie array of ficls is startling. The style is vigorous, elevating and ennobling, and we speak for the work a wide-
spread circulation and a useful mission.
REV. G. A. POLLOCK, Pastor First Pres. Church, Effingham, III.
'9
ir
»•
Q
t
>
r — ) i"""« -I'juuiuiy was ormony Yeirs left and
^ y y dam*
2<^8 The Hiftorie of the Kejormatiomi Lib. IIL
fecreit fra the Sicht of all Men rill the next '7%urf Jay ; and then in^he Seflioun
he produces thame that the Voltes may be counted, quhare the monieft Voltes
without refJ3e6l of Perfones, have the firft Place in the Elderfchip, and Co pro-
ceiding till the Numer of 1 2 be complelt j fo that if a puir Man exceid the
riche Man in Voltes, he preceids him in Place ; and it is caHed the firft, fe-
cund and thrid Elder, even as the Voites anfwerethe. And this fame is ob-
ferved in the Eleftioun of Deaconis.
The Fryday efter that Jugement is tane, quhat Perfones ar elected for El-
ders and Decones to ferve for that Yeir ; the Minifter efter his Sermone reids
the fame Names publiJlly, and gives Comandment openly, that fick Perfones
be prefent the next Sonday at Sermone Befoirnone, in the Place to be apoint-
ed for thame to accept that Charge, that God by Plurality of Votes had layd
uponn thame. Quho being conveined, the Minifter efter Sermone reids the
Names publiclly, the Abfents (if ony be) ar noted, and thes quho ar prefent
ar admonifched to confider the Dignity of that Vocatioun, quhareunto God
hes called thame : The Dewty that they aucht to the Pepill : The Danger
that lyes upoun thame, if they be found negligent in thair Vocatioun. And
finally. The Dewty of the People towards the Perfons elected. Quhilk being
done, this Prayer is red, ,
'j'k Prayer in the Ele^ioun of the hlderiSi
OErernell and everlafting God, Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, quho
of thy infinite Gudenes and Mercy, hes chofin to thy felf a Kirk of
the loft Seid oi Adame^ quhilk thow hes ever reuUed by the Infpiratioun of
thy Holie Spirit ; and yet not the lefs, hes always ufTit the Miniflry of Men,
alfwell in preiching of thy Word, and Adminiftratioun of thy Sacraments,
as in gyding of thy Flock, and provyding for the Puir within the fame, as
in the Law, Propheits, and in thy glorious Evangel! we hare Witnefles :
Quhilk Ordour (O Lord) thow of thy Mercie hes now reftoired unto us a-
gane, efter that the publift Face of the Kirk hes bene deformed by the Ty- '
rany of that Romane Antichrift. Grant unto us, O hevinly Father, Hairts
thankfull for the Benefites quhilks we have receaved, and give unto thefe our
Brethrein, elefted unto thir Charges within thy Kirk, fick Abundance of ifcy
Holie Spirit, that they may be found vigilant and faythfull in that Vocatioun,
quhareunto thow of thy Merey hes callit thame. And albeit, O Lord, thefe
(rnall Begynings ar contemned of the proude World, yet, O Lord, do thow
for thy awn Mercies Sake, bles the fame in fick forte that thy godlie Name
may be glorified, Superftitioun and Idolatry may be ruited out, and Vertue
may be planted, not onely in this Generatioun, bot alio in the Pofterity to
cum. Amen. Grant us this mercifuU Father, for Chrift Jefus thy Sones Saik,
in quhos Name we call unto thee, as he hes taucht us, faying, Our Father ^ &c.
And fb efter theReherfall of theBeleif, efter the quhilk fall be fung this For.
tioun of the 1 03 Pfalme, ver. 1 9. The Hevens hich ar, and fb forth to the End
of that Pfalme. Efter the quhilk fall this fchort Admonitioun be gevin to the
elefted.
Magnifie God, quho hes of his Mercy callit yow to ruiU within his
Kirk: Be thankfull in your Vocatioun: Schaw yourfelfis Zealous to pro-
mote Verity, feir noc the Faces of the Wicked, bot rebuik thair Wickit-
nss:
INDUCEMENTS IT OFFERS TO AGENTS.
The siiWjfi't is now pivssiiii; itsi'lT uiimi tlie atlfulinii of all, and i.s dcstiiu'il to assume
pvcM jjrcatiT iiii|milaiR-f. Tlit- press, Imlli sfi'iilar and icli^ious, is lanifstly disciissinjj;
it. tlicivln awakening' a widf-s|in'ail inttifst, and iniicUuinf,' an eaf{<-r dcsiie l'<ir nioic
inr'Hinalidii. So liUcwisc tin- iiuniciDiis and will-tinicd addresses, bolli on the |ilairoriii
and I'rom llie iinl|iit, aie inoinptinj; people to seek some recent work npon the a;;:.;ri'.s-
.siuns of this ;,'reat anti-t'lirisliaii and anli-Uepnlplieaii [lower. It is not a work trealini;
of half forijotten themes, buried empires, or dead issues, but of pr;ictical, living, vital
interests at this day, in this country, and to every American citizen.
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will Im- .siived to the .Vijcnt. His work will mainly consist in bringing tlie book within
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Inlike many books issuing from the press, and soliciting the attention of agents, it
will make its own market, being the only work of the kind of recent date. And the
title is itself a lirst-<lass recommendation.
It furnishes the Christian with aigiiments.against the insidious ajiproaches and wily
niachiiiations of those .Jesuitical intiiguers wlio are seeking to proselyte the yoimg ai.d
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wlio would kec]) himself abreast with the niovemeids of the age, it is a ricli treasury of
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It is cheajt ; within the reach of all.
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Yours truly,
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^" Plerise ffirr )/.« i/oxr prriiifin/nt /'. O. Address, where a letter will
reavli ijoii tit nil limes. iKiminy Toirii, Cuiiiiti/, and Utate.
The Papilis and the Bifchopes difapointed onhair prTncipalf Purpois and
Interprys, did yet mak Broylle for Trouble : For the Rafcall Multitude wer
fteired up to mak a RoNn Huid^ quhilk Inormity was ofmony Yeirs Jcft and
^ y y dam-
2(58 The Hijlorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. IIL
fecreit fra the Sicht of all Men till the next 'fhurfday ; and then in^he Seffioun
he produces thame that the Voltes may be counted, quhare the monieft Voltes
without refpeiS of Perfbnes, have the firft Place in the Elder/chip, and (b pro-
ceiding till the Numer of 1 2 be complelt j fb that if a puir Man exceid the
rlche Man in Voltes, he preceids him in Place ; and it is caHed the firft, fe-
cund and thrld Elder, even as the Voites anfweretjie. And this fame is ob-
ferved in the Eleftloun of Deaconis.
The Fryday efter that Jugement is tane, quhat Perfones ar ele6led for El-
ders and Decones to ferve for that Yeir ; the Mlnlfter efter his Sermone reids
the fame Names public^ly, and gives Comandment openly, that fick Perfones
be prefent the next Sonday at Sermone Befoirnone, in the Place to be apoint-
ed for thame to accept that Charge, that God by Plurality of Votes had layd
uponn thame. Quho being conveined, the Minifter efter Sermone reids the
Names publiclly, the Ablents (if ony be) ar noted, and thes quho ar prefent
ar admonifched to confider the Dignity of that Vocatioun, quhareunto God
hes called thame: The Dewty that theyaucht to the Pepill: The Danger
that lyes upoun thame, if they be found negligent in thair Vocatioun, And
finally, The Dewty of the People towards the Perfbns elefted. Quhilk being
done, this Prayer is red. ,
^he Prayer in the Elefltoun of the iJderiSi
OErernetl and everlafting God, Father of our Lord Jefus Ghrift, quho
of thy infinite Gudenes and Mercy, hes chofin to thy felf a Kirk of
the loft Seid of Jdame^ quhilk thow hes ever reuUed by the Infpirafioun of
thy Hoiie Spirit ; and yet not the lefs, hes always ufTit the Miniftry of Men,
alfwell in preiching of thy Word, and Adminiftratioun of thy Sacraments,
as in gyding of thy Flock, and provyding for the Puir within the fame, as
in the Law, Propheits, and in thy glorious Evangel! we hare Witnefles :
Quhilk Ordour (O Lord) thow of thy Mercie hes now reftoired unto us a-
gane, efter that the publift Face of the Kirk hes bene deformed by the Ty- '
rany of that Romane Antichrift. Grant unto us, O hevinly Father, Hairts
thankfull for the Benefites quhilks we have receaved, and give unto thefe ouf
Brethrein, elefted unto thir Charges within thy Kirk, fick Abundance of iJiy
Holie Spirit, that they may be found vigilant and faythfiill in that Vocatioun,
quhareunto thow of thy Merey hes callit thame. And albeit, O Lord, thefe
(mall Begynings ar contemned of the proude World, yet, O Lord, do thow
for thy awn Mercies Sake, bles the fame in fick forte that thy godlie Name
may be glorified, Superftitioun and Idolatry may be ruited out, and Vertue
may be planted, not onely in this Generatioun, bot alfb in the Pofterity to
cum. Amen. Grant us this mercifull Father, for Chrift Jefiis thy Sones Saik,
in quhos Name we call unto thee, as he hes taucht us, faying, Our Father, &c.
And fo efter theReherfall of the Beleif, efter the quhilk fall be fung this For.
tioun of the 103 Pfalme, ver. 19. The Hevenshich ar, andfb forth to the End
of that f falme. Efter the quhilk fall this fchort Admonitioun be gevin to the
elefted.
Magnifie God, quho hes of his Mercy callit yow to mill within his
Rirk: Be thankfull in your Vocatioun: Schaw yourfelfis Zealous to pro-
mote Verity, feir not the Faces of the Wicked, bot rebuik thair Wickit-
nas:
Lib. III. of Keligioun in Scotland. o^c^
nes : Be mercifull to the Puir, and fupport thamc to the uttcrmoft of your
Power ; and lb fall yc receave the Benediciioun of God, prtlcnt and everlaliins.
God favc the Kinc,s Majelty, and gif unto him the Spirit of San^tificatioun in
his young Age: Blils his Regent, and lick as aflift him in upricht Counlail!
and eyther fruitfully convert, or fuddanely confound the Enemies of trew Re-
ligioun, and of this afili(5ted Comoun-welthe, Ameit.
As the Sen'ands of God uprichtly travellit to have Vyce punifthed, ancl
Vertew planted, fo did the Devill ever fteir up fum in the contrair of bothe.
Thare was a Law maid againrt Fornicatours and Adulterers, that the ane and
the uther fould be cairted throuche the Touns, and fo banilched, till thair
Repentance war offered and receaved. And albeit this was not the Severity
ol Gods Law, efpecially againll Adulterers, yet was it a grit Brydill to Rla-
lefaftours, quhareat the Wickit did wonderfully Itorme. It chanced that ane
SiDiiierlone a Flefcheour was deprehendif to have put away his lawfull Wyif
(under Cullour that he was lawfully parted efter the maner of the Papifticall
Religioun) and had takin to him ane uther in his Hous. The Complaync
and Sklander proponit to the Kirk, and Trycll takin. That he was not maryed
w-ith the fecund Woman, nether that he was abill to prove that he was de-
vorced by any Ordour of Law from the firrt, he was comitted in the Hand of
the Magiftrates, quho, according to the Laws, comandit him to be cairted.
Bot the Rafcall Multitude inflamed by fum ungodly Craftsmen, maid Infur-
reftioun, brake the Cairte, boaftit the Officiars, and tuke away the Malefaciour.
This was the begyning of farder Evills, as we will efter heir.
In this meane Tyme, quhill Lord James (we fay) was in France thair
came ane Ambafladour fi-om Frcnire, fuborned fno dout) with all Craft that
micht truble the Eftait of Religioun. His Demands war, firft, 77'^^ th Lea^ug
let-wix us and England fould be brok'u?. Secundlie, Tl-at the ancient Leaa^ue
let-juis France and Scotland fould be rene-jued. And^ Thridlie, That the Bif-
chopis and Kirkmen fould be reponed in thair former Plaices^ and be Jnjfent to in-
iromet -with thair Levings. The Councell delayit Anfweir till the Parliament
apointed in Maii. In the meane Tyme thePapiftis o^ Scotland prafteific with
him. The Erks of Hunt el ie, Jtholle, BotJrjuell, and uthers, intendit to have
tane Ed'mburghe befoir the laid Parliament. The haill Bifchopis adembiir
and held Councell at Striviling. Sum quhifpering thare was, that the Duik'
and the Bifchope of Sanft Androis war over familiare ; and fum feirit that the
Authoritie of the Quene fould have bene ufurped, be relTone of hir Abfcncc
and that the Duik was fecund Perfoune, for thareat had fum of his preafllt
immcdiatly efter the Deyth of the King of France. The Proteftanrs thareof
adverteifit, preventir thame, and came to Edinburghc. The Erie of Arrane
Rude conf^ant with his Brethrein ; thare wer fum that pancfully and cairfully
travellit that nothing prejudiciall to the Quenes Authoritie, fould be done in
Abfence of the Lord James., to quhome the Quene hes recompenflr evil] for
gude Ser\'ice. Mr. James Macgill in that Point did bothe ftoutely and trewly
tot Johne Knox and he wer then fallin in Familiarity, in quhilk they yit coni
tinew Cthis 20. of October ^^67) be refToun the faid Mr. James had em-
braced the Religioun, and- profeffit it publiftly.
The Papifts and the Bifchopes difapointed of thair principall Purpois and
Interprys, did yet mak Broylle for Trouble : For the Rafcall Multitude wer
fteired up to mak a Robin Huid^ quhilk Inormity was ofmony Yeirs left and
Y y y dam-
27 o The Htflorie of the Reformatiom Lib. III.
dammed by Statute and A6t of Parliament ; yet wald they not be forbiden,
bot wald difobey and truble the Toun, efpecially upoun the Nicht : Quhareat
the Bailyeis ofFendet, tuk from thame fum Swords and ane Enfenye, quhilk
was Occafioun that they the fame Nicht made a Mutiny ; kepit the Ports of
the Toun, and intendit to have perfewit fum Men within thair awn Houfes ;
bot that upoun Reftitutioun of thair Swords wes ftayet. Bot yet they ceafTit
not to moleft, alfwell the Inhabitants of Edinhitrgb, as divers Cuntreymen,
taking from thame Money, and threatning fum with farder Injiireis : Quhai-e-
with the Magiftrates of the Toun hiely ofFendet, tuk more dehgent Heid to
fick as refbrter to the Toun, and apprehendet ane of the principal! of that
Mifordour, named /(j //<?«?, a Cordinar, quhome they put to ane AfTyis ; and
bein-^ convifted (for he culd not be abfblved, for he was the cheif Man
that "fpoy lied Johne Mouhry of ten Crowns of the SoneJ they thocht to have
executed Jugement upoun him, and ere6let a Gibbet benethe theCroce. Bot
(quhider it came be Paftioun with the Provefl and fum uther, or by Infli.
gatioun of the Craftfmen, quho ever have bene bent over mekle to mantean
fick "Vanity and Ryotoufnes, we fully know not) fuddanely thair did rys a
Tumult, theTolbuthe was brokin upe, and not onely the faid Kyllone was
violently taiken furthe, bot al/b all uther Malefaftours war fet at Freedome,
the Gibbet was pullet doun, and defpytfully broken. And tharefter, as the
Proveff, and fum of the Councell, alTemblet to the Clerks Chalmer for Con-
fliltatioun, the haill rafcall Multitude bandet togither, with fum knawn
and honefl Craftfmen, and intendet Invafioun of the faid Chalmer ; quhilk
perceaved, the Provefi, and fick as wer in his Cumpany, pafi: to the Tolbuthe,
fufpefting nothing that they wald bene fb inraged, as to mak new Perfute,
efter that they had obteinet thair Intent : Bot thay wer fuddanely deceaved ;
for from the Caftellhill they came with Violence, and with Stanes, Gunes,
and fick uther Weapons as they had, begun to affault the faid Tolbuthe,
ran at the Duir of it, quhill it partely by Stones caft from above, and partely
by ane Piflol fchot by Robert Norwall (quhilk hurt ane Twedie) they wer
repvijfit from the Duir. Bot yet ceafTit they not to cafl and fchoute in at the
AA'indows, threatning Deyth to all that war within. And in verey Deid the
Malice of the Craftfmen, quho wer fufpeflit to be the Occafioun of that Tu-
mult, bare na gude Will to divers of thame that wer with the Proveft.
The Arguments that the Craftfmen wer the caus of that Uproare,befydes thair
firft Mifordour that they had ufit befor, in taking Sanderfoim from the Exe-
cutiouri of Punifchement, ar two. The former, Archibald De-war, Patrik
Chniigle, with uther fex Deacouns of the Crafts, came to JoJme Ktwx, and
willit him to fbleift the Proveft and the Toun to delay the Executioun. Quho
did anfwer. That he had fb oft foleifted in thare Favours, that his awn Con-
fcience accufit him, that thay uflit his Labours for na uther End, bot to be a
Fatrone to thare Impiety ; for he had befor made IntercefTioun for JVilliame
Harlaw, James Friffell, and uthers that wer convicl of the former Tumult.
They proudely anfwerit. That if it was not ftayit, bayth he and the Bailyes
flild repent it. Quhareunto he anfwered. That he wald not hurt his Confci-
ence for ony Feir of Man : And fb thay departit j and the TUniuIt imme-
diatly tharefter did aryis. The fecund Argument is. The Tumult continewit
frome two Hours Efternone, till efter Aucht at Nicht. The Craftfmen
wer required to afTemble thamefelfis togither for Deliverance of thair
Proveft and Bailyes, bot rhey paft to thair four Houris Pemie, and
in
Lib. III. of Rcligioun in Scothnd. 271
'in thair jtfting, faid, Thy -xill he Mugijiratcs alJone^ let tham reiille the
Multitiit/e ailoiie. And fo, contrair rhe Othe that they had maid, they dcnyit
thair Afliftancc, Cocniell and Comfort to thair Provtil and Eailycs. Quhilk ar
Arguments veray probabill, that the faid Ttmulr rays be thair Frccurcmcnr.
The End heirof was, That the Provcft and Bailyes w er ccmptllit to gif
thair hand Writes, that they fbuld never perfew cny of thamc that vver at
that Timulf, (or cny Cr3mc that was done in that Ethalf! And this was pro-
clamed at the Mercat Croce, efter ryne Hours at Nycht ; and fo that Trtbill
quyetit. Bot the Nobility avowit, Thar they lould not /pair it ; and fo a
grit Numcr of that FafJiovn wer abfent frcm the Tcun, till the Arry\cll of
the Quene. The hail! Multitude wer haldin cxcf municate, and wer admittit
to no Participatioun of the Sacraments, unto fick Tyme as they fatisfyit the
Magiftrates, and maid humill Suit unto the Kirk.
Ot the Deyth of the Quene Regent, we have befor fpokin, bot of hir
Burii-ll was nothing hard. And it may apeir, That fick Matters ar unworthy
of Remembrance : Bot if all Things fall rychtly be weyit, we fall perceave
God's jufl Jugements, how fecreit that ever they be.
Befoir we hard of the barbarous Inhumanity that was ufTit at Leyt/j by the
Frenche, quho exponit the naiked CarcalTes of the Slane, as it war in a Speftacle
defpyting God. We hard, that the Quene Regent rejoyflt at the Sicht, bot
hir Joy was fuddanely turned in Sorrow, as we have hard. The Queftioun
was moved of hir Buriall : The Preicheours bauldly gaynflude, T/jut oiiy fu-
ferliitious Rytes [odd be uffit witkin that Reahne^ qiihilk God of his grit Merc'ie
hid hegwj to purge. And fo Conciufioun was tane, That the Buriall fould be
deferrit till farther Advyfement ; and fo was fche lapped in a Cope of Leid
and keipt in the Caftell, fra the nynte of J^hjH, unto the nynetein of OHoler
quhen fche by Pyneris was caryed to a Schip, and fo caryed to Frame. Quhat
Pompe was ufit thare, we nouther hard, nor yit regaird. Bot in it we fee
that fche who wes delyttit that uthers lay without Buriall, gat neyther fo fbne, as
fche hirfelf (if fche had bein of the Counfaill in hir Lyfe) wald have requyred
it, neyther (b honourably in this Realme, as fumetyme fche luiked for. It
may chance be a Prognof^icatioun that the Guyfiaue Blude cannot have lang Refl
■within this Realme.
The Papifiis, a litell befoir Parliament, reforted in divers Bandes to the
Toun, and began tobragg, as thocht they wald have defaced the Proteflantis :
Quhilk Thing perceaved, the Brethrein afTembled togither and went in fick
Cumpanies, and yit in peaceabell Maner, that the Bifchopis and thair Bandis
forfuik the Calfey. The Brethrein underflanding quhat the Papifiis meint,
convened in Counfaill in the Tolbuithe of Edinhurghe, the 27th cf Maii ij6i.
and efter Confultation, concluded, that ane Supplicatioun fbuld be prefented
to the Lords of Secreir Counfaill, and unro the haill AfTembly, that then was
•convened, in the quhilk fould thefe fubfequent Heids be requyred, and a Law
to pafs thareupoun.
Firf!, That Idolatrie^ and all Mmimentis ihareof, fould he fuppreffed throiichout
the haill Realme •, that the Sayaris^ Hei'raris, Mentebiaris and Ufjeris of iheMefs^
fould he puuifched according to the jlH of Parliament^ as /aid is.
Secondly, ^hat fpeciall and certane Provifwuu he maid for the Siijlentatioun of
the SuperinteridetitiSy Minifteris^ Exhort eris and Reidaris, 'that Superintendents
Y y y 2 and
272 ^The Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. IlL
ana Minifteris fould be planted quhare tiane wer j that Pimifchment fould be a-
pointed for fick as dt [obeyed or contemn'it the Super'wtendentls in thair Funclioim.
Thridly, That Puntfchment may be apotnted for the Abuifers of the SacramentiSy
and for the Contemneris of the fame.
Fourtly, That no Letters of Seffioun le gev'm to anfvoer er pay to ony Perfont
thair Teindis, without fpeciall Provifioim^ that the Parochineris retein fa mekill in
thair aiJon Handis^ as is apointed for the Miniftrie; and that all fuk as ar ellis
gevin, be called in^ and difchairged j and lykewayis that Sherifis gif Preceiptis to
that EffeB.
Fifdy T'hat neyther the Lordis of Seffioun^ nor ony iither Judges^ proceid iipoiin
fick Preceptis or IVarraningis, paft at the Inftance of thame that of late have ob-
teined Fewis of Vicarages, and Parfones Mances, and Kirk-yairds ; and that fex
Aikeris ( // fci mekill thare be) of the Gleib he alwayis referved to the Minijtery
according to the Apointment of the Buik of DifcipUne ; and that every Minijier
may have Letterii thareupoun.
Scxtl}', That no Letteris of Seffioun, nor ony utheris, tak Place, qiihiU the Sti- .
tends conteined in the Buik of Difciplin, for Suftentatioim of the Minifteris, be
firft confignat in the Hands, at the leift of the Principall of the Parochineris.
Sevenrly, That Punifhment be apointed againji fick as piirchefsy hringis HomCy
or executis within this Kealme^ the Paipis Bullis,
T'he Tenoiir of the Suppli cat ioun "was this.
PLeis your Honours, and the Wifdome of fick as ar prefently conveined
with yow in Counfaill, to underftand, that be niony Argumentis we
perceave, quhat the peftilent Generatioun of that Romane Antichrift within
this Real me pretendis, to wit. That they wald of new ereft thair Idolatr)', tak
upoun thame to impyre above our Conscience ; and fo tO comand us, the trew,
Subjefles of this Realme, and fick as God of his Mercy hes ( under our Sove-
rane ) fubjecled unto us, in all Things to obey thair Apetifes. Honefty cra-
veth, and Confcience movethe us, to mak the very Secreits of our Hairts pa-
tent to your Honours in that Behalf, quhilk is this, That lefoir that evir thefe-
Tf antes and dum Dogis impyre above us, and above fick as God hes fuhjen.edy^^
mto us, that we, the Bar ones and Gentilmen prof effing Chrift Jefus withui.
this Realme, have fiillie determined to hazard Lyfes, and quhat foever we have r^,
ceavedof our God in temporallThingis. We, mailt humely tharefoir, befeikyour
Honours, That fick Ordourmay be taiken, that we have not Occafioun to tak
agane the Sword of juft Defence into our Handis, quhilk we have willingly
( efter that God hes gevin Viftory, bothe to your Honours and us ) refigned ,
over into your Hands ; to the End, that God's Evangell may be publiftly,
within this Realme, preiched ; the trew Preicheours thareof reflbnably fuftein-
edj^ Idolatry fupprefled, and the Comitteris thareof punifched, according the
the,.]Lawes of God and Man, In doing quhareof^ your Honours (all find us,
nQt.inely obedient unto yow, in all Things lawfull, bot alfo redy at all Tymes
to being under Ordour and Obedience, fick as wald rebell.againft your juft
Authority, quhilk, in Ablence of our Soverane, we acknawlege to be in your
Hands, befeiking your Honours, with upricht Jugement and - Indifferency, to
luik upoun thefe our few Artickles, and, by thefe our Brethrein, to fignifie un-
to us fick Anfwer agane, as may declair your Honours worthy of that Plaice,
quUareunto God C efter fum Dangers fufteined) in hisMercy hath called yow.
And
I
I Lib. III. of Rcligioun i?i Scothtid. 273
^OU^X^ ^6^^ Oi.'U^C t^CoCc. .:..t*,t22^*V^, VlrVL.h^Uv&y
OtCoC 'yut/i' ^yC^-^^ ^^L^^o-y' (lAST<^ Pt^x-vu (Sy^x/^- C>U^'tv\Y'Ux:>ni
Pctitiouhes] ~ '■"'
Z z 2
And
272 ^The Htftorie of the Reformat ioim Lib. Ill'
and M'm'ifteris JbuU be planted quhare nane wer ; that Pimifchment fould be a-
poiKted for fick as difoheyed or coiitemnit the Super'wtendentis in thair Fmi^ionij.
Thridly, That Punilchment may be apointed for the Abuifers of the Sacrament'tSy
and for the Conienmer'ts of the fame.
Fourtly, 'That no Letters of Seffwun be gevin to anfwer er pay to ony Perfont
thair Tei'ndis, without fpeciall Provifiouti^ that the Parochineris retein fa mekill in
thair awn Handis^ as is apointed for the Miniftrie; and that all fiik as ar ellis
geviii^ be called in, and dtfchairged j and lykewayis that Sherifis gif Preceiptis to
that Ejfe^.
Fifciy, T'hat neyther the Lordis of Sefftonn^ nor ony iither Judges, proceid iipoim
fick Preceptis or fVarraningis, paft at the Inftance of thame that of late have ob-
teined Fewis of Vicarages, and Parfones Mances, and Kirk-yairds \ and that fex
Aikeris ( // ft mekill thare be) of the Gleib be alwayis referved to the Minifter^
according to the Jpointment of the Biiik of Difcipline ; and that every Minifter
may have Letterii thareupoun.
Sextly, That no Letteris of Seffioun, nor ony utheris^ tak Place, quhiU the Sti- .
pends conteined in the Butk of DtfcipUn, for Suftentatioitn of the Minitteris, be
firft confignat in the Hands, at the kift of the Principall of the Parochineris.
Se^•enrIy, That Punifchment be apointed againft fick as pitrchefs^ bringis Homffj
or executis within this Keahne^ the Paipis Bullis,
T'he Tenour of the SuppTtcatioun -was this.
PLeis your Honours, and the WifHome of fick as ar prefently conveined
with yow in Counfail], to underftand, that be mony Argumentis we
perceave, quhat the peftilent Generatioun of that Romane Antichrift within
this Realme pretendis, to wit, That they wald of new ere6t thair Idolatry, tak
upoun thame to impyre above our Confcience ; and fo tO comand us, the trew
Subje6^es of this Reahne, and fick as God of his Mercy hes ( under our Sove-
rane) fubjecled unto us, in all Things to obey thair Apetires. Honefty cra-
veth, and Confcience movethe us, to mak the very Secreits of our Hairts pa^:
tent to your Honours in that Behalf, quhilk is this, That befoir that evir ihefsf
Tyr antes and dum Dogis impyre above us, and above fick as God hes fuhjen.ed.^
unto us, that we, the Barones and Gentilmen profeffing Chrili Jefus withtn.
thfs Realme, have fullie determined to hazard Lyfes, and quhat foever we have r^^^
ceavedof our God in temporallThingis. We, maiil humely tharefoir, befeikyour
Honours, That fick Ordourmay be taiken, that we have not Occafioun to tak
agane the Sword of juii Defence into our Handis, quhilk we have willingly •
( efcer that God hes gevin Viftory, bothe to your Honours and us ) refigned ,
over into your Hands ; to the End, that God's Evangell may be publiftly,
within this Realme, preiched ; the trew Preicheours thareof reffbnably fuftein-
edj^ Idolatry fuppreffed, and the Comitteris thareof punifthed, according the
tlie,.]Lawes of God and Man. In doing quhareofj your Honours fall find us,
notlonely obedient unto yow, in all Things lavvfull, bot alio redy at all Tymes
to. being under Ordour and Obedience, fick as wald rebell. againft your juft
Authority, quhilk, in Ablence of our Soverane, we acknawlege to be in your
Hands, befeiking your Honours, with upricht Jugement and - IndifFerency, to
luik upoun thefe our few Artickles, and, by thefe our Brethrein, to fignifie un-
to us fick Anfwer agane, as may declair your Honours worthy of that Plaice, •
quhareunto God Cefter fum Dangers fufteined) in his Mercy hath called yow.
And
Lib. III. of Rcligiotm ifi Scothnd. 273
Uv'^n>re«''vw^^ I^^O^ta^^r^^ ;'^<^W1;.4^n^<5^ <^^r>VW> "^fec-
Viwn^<.c^ "fe ?TU Of/y-^vv>i. ^ '/(. &'i^-i/CL ^ tec. ^^^'^
r v«v«<ri»
■■.••luaiiduuuij a oc^aiive 10 erery ane of his
Fetitiounes.
Z z 2'' And
272 ^The Hi/lorie of the Rfformatioun Lib. Ill-
and Mwijien's fould he planted quhare vane wer ; that Pun'tfchment fould he «-
pointed for fick as d'lfoheyed or contemnit the Superhnendentls in thair Fun^ioim.
Thridly, That Pmii/chment may he apointed for the Abuifers of the Sacramentisj
and for the Contemneris of the fame.
Fourtly, That no Letters of Sejfioun he gev'in to anfwer cr pay to ony Perfont
thair Teindis, without fpeciall Provifwiin, that the Parochineris retein fa mekill in
thair apjon Handis, as is apointed for the Minijirie ; and that all fick as ar ellis
gevin, he called in, and difchairged ; and lykewayis that Sherifis gif Preceiptis to
ihat'Ejfea.
Fifcly 'J'hat neylher the Lordis of Sejfioun^ nor ony iither Judges, proceid iipoim
fick Preceptis or JVarraningis, paft at the InCtance of thame that of late have ob'
ieined Fe-wrs of Vicarages, and Parfones Mances, and Kirhyairds ; and that fex
Aikeris ( if fi mekill thare be) of the Gleib he al-wayis referved to the Minijter,
according to the Apointment of the Buik of DifcipUne ; and that every Minifter
niay have Letterii thareupoun.
Scxtly, That no Letteris of Seffioun, nor ony utheris, tak Place, qiihiH the Sti' .
tends conteined in the Buik of Difciplin, for Suftentatioan of the Minifteris, he
firft confignat in the Hands, at the leift of the Principall of the Parochineris.
Sevenrly, That Punifhment he apointed againji fick as purchefs, hrnigis Home^
cr executis mthinthis Realme^ the Paipis Bullis,
T'he Tenour of the Supplicatioiin lijas this.
PLeis your Honours, and the Wifdome of fick as ar prefently conveined
with yow in Counfaill, to underftand, that be mony Argumentis we
perceave, quhat the peftilent Generatioun of that Romane Antichrift within
this Realme pretendis, to wit. That they wald of new ereft thair Idolatry, tak
upoun thame to impyre above our Confcience ; and Co tO comand us, the trew,
Subje(5les of this Realme, and fick as God of his Mercy hes ( under our Sove-
rane) fubjected unto us, in all Things to obey thair Apetifes. Honeliy cra-
veth, and Confcience movethe us, to mak the very Secreits of our Hairts pa-
tent to your Honours in that Behalf, quhilk is this, That hefoir that evir thefe;
Tyr antes and dim Dogis impyre above us, and above fick as God hes fiihjen.edy^^
unto us, that we, the Bar ones and Gentilmen prof effing Chrift Jefus within,
this Realme, have fullie determined to hazard Lyfes, and quhat foever we have re-^
ceavedof our God in temporallThingis. We, maift humely tharefoir, befeikyour
Honours, That fick Ordourmay be taiken, that we have not Occafioun to tak
agane the Sword of juft Defence into our Handis, quhilk we have willingly •
( efter that God hes gevin Viftory, bothe to your Honours and us ) refigned ,
oyer into your Hands ; to the End, that God's Evangell may be publiftly,
within this Realme, preiched ; the trew Preicheours thareof reflbnably fuftein-
edj^ Idolatry fuppreffed, and the Comitteris thareof punifched, according the
the, tawes of God and Man. In doing quhareol^ your Honours fall find us,
not. onely obedient unto yow, in all Things lawful!, bot alio redy at all Tymes
to being under Ordour and Obedience, fick as wald rebell.againft your juft
Authority, quhilk, in Ab(ence of our Soverane, we acknawlege to be in your
Hands, befeiking your Honours, with upricht Jugement and Indifferency, to
lulls upoun thefe our few Artickles, and, by thefe our Brethrein, to fignifie un-
to us fick Anfwer agane, as may declair your Honours worthy of that Plaice,
quhveunto God f efter fum Dangers fufteined) in hisMercy hath called yow.
And
Lib. III. of Religioun ifi Scothlid. 273
And let thefe Enemies of God allure thamerelfis, that if your Honours put not
Ordour unto thame, that we (all fchortely tak fick Ordour, that they fall ney-
ther be abell to do quhat they lift, neyther yit to levc upoun the Sweit of the
Browes ot fick, as ar no Detteris unto thame. Let your Honours conceave
nothing of us, hot all humill Obedience in God. Bot let the Papiftes be yit
ance agane aflTured, that thair Pryde and Idolatry, we will not fuffer.
Direct fra the AlTembly of the Kirk, the 1 8th of Mail ij(5i. And fent
be thele Brethrein, the Maifter of Liudefay^ the Laird of Lochhrvar, the
Laird of PhermhirH, the Laird of ^hittin/.'ame, 'Thomas Menzeis Proveift
of Aberdency and George Lewell Burges of Dundie.
Upoun the quhilk Requeift and Artickles, the Lords and Counfaill foirfaid
maid ane Aft and Ordinance, anfwering to every ane of the foirfaids Ar-
tickles, and comanded Letteris to be anfwered thareupoun, quhilk divers of
the Minifters rayled, a« in the Bulks of Secreit Counfaill is yit to be found.
And thus gat Sathan the fecund Fall, efter that he had begun to trouble th»
Efbit of the Religioun, anes eftablifched by Law. His firfl AfTalt was by the
rafcall Multitude, opponing thamefelfis to the Punifchment of Vice. The fe-
cund was, by the Bifchopis and thair Bands, in the quhilk he thocht utterly to
have triumphat j and yet he in the End profperit wors than ye have hard :
For in this meane Tyme, returned frome France the Lord James^ quho bciyd
his grit Expenfis, and the Loifs of a Box, quharein was his fccreit Pois, ef^
chaiped a difperat Danger in Paris : For at his returning frome our Soverane
(quho then lay with the Cardinall of Lorane in Rhenes) underflude of the
Papifls in Parisy they had confpyred fum treflbnable Aft againft him j for
they intended eyther to have befet his Hous by Kycht, or ellis to have aflaultit
him and his Cumpany, as they walked upoun the Streits ; quhareof the faid
Lord James being adverteifed, by the RtKegrave^ be RefTone of the auld Fami-
liarity, that was betwixt thame in Scotland^ he tuk Purpois fuddanely and ia
gude Ordour to departe from Paris^ as that he did, the fecund Day efter that
he arryvcd thare; and yit culdnot he departe (b fecreitly, bot the Papiftis had
thair privy Ambufches : For upoun the Change-brig^ they had prepaired a Pro-
cefTioun, quhilk met the faid Lord and hisCumpany, in the Teithe, and knaw-
ing that they wald not do the accuftomed Reverence unto thame and thair I-
dolles, they thocht thareupoun to have pycked a Quarrell j and lb as one Parte
pafTit by, without moveing of Hates to ony Thing that was thare, they had
(ubomed fum to cry, HngonetSy and to cafi Stanes ; bot God dilapointed thair
Interprys : For the laid Kit/grave, with uther Gentilmen, being with the
Lord jfamesy rebuiked the foolilche Multitude, and over-rode fbme of
the foremofl ; and fb the ref^ wer difperfed, and he and his Cumpany faifly
efchaiped, and thairefter came with Expeditioun to Edinburghey quhill that yit
the Lords and AfFembly wer togidder, to the grit Comforte of mony godly
Hairts, and to no littell Af^onifchment of the Wickit : For, fra the Quene
our Soverane, he brocht Letters to the Lords, praying thame to entertain
Quyetnes, and to fuffer nothing to be attempted againfl the Contraft of Peice
quhilk was maid at Leyth, till hir awn Hame-cuming, and to fi Ifer the Reli-
gioun publiftly ef^ablifched to go fordward, &:. Quhareupoun the faids Lords
gave Anfwer to the Frenche AmbafTadour, a Negative to every ane of his
Fetitiounes.
Z z 2 And
274 ^^^^ Hi/iorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
And firft, 'Jhat France had not deferved at thair Haiids^ that eyther they cr
tharr Pofteritk, fuld enter agane with thame in ony League or Confederacy^ offen^
five or defenfive, feing that fo trateroufly and cruelly^ they had perfemted thame,
thair Realme and Liberties^ under Pretence of Amitie and Mariage.
Secundly, That befydis thair Confcience, they culd not tak fuche a viarldlie
Schame^ as imithout Offence comitted, to breake that League, qiihilk in God's Name
ihey had maid with thame, quhome he had maid Inftrumentis to fet Scotland at
Fredome, from the Tyranie of the Frenche, at leaji from the Guyfanes and thair
Fa£lioun.
And laft, That fick as they called Bifchopis and Kirhnen, they knew ney-
ther for Paltoures of the Kirk, neyther yit for ony jufi Poffeffours of the Pqtrimo-
nie thareof : Bot did underftande thame perfyitly to be fVolfis, Thevis, Murthe-
reris and idell Bellies , and tharefore, as Scotland had forfaikin the Puipe and
Papifirie, fo culd they not be Bet tour is to his foirfworne Vaffalis.
With thefe Anfwers departed the faid Ambafladour. And the Lords of
Secreit Counfaill maid ane A6t, That all Places and Moniimentis of Idolatry
fould be deftroyed. And for that Purpofe wer direft to the Weft, the Erie of
Arrane, haveing joyned with him the lirles of Argyll and Glencairne, togither
with the Proteftantes of the Weft, quho brunt Paiflay ( the Biichope of Sanft
Androis, quha was Abbote thareof narrowly efcaiped ) cuift down Failfurd,
Kylwining, and a Parte of Corfraguell. The Lord James wes apointed to the
Northe, quhare he maid ficlc Reformatioun, as nothing contented the Erie
of Huntelie, and yit feamed he to approve all Things. And thus God fb po-
tently wrocht with us, fb lang as we depended upoun him, that all the Warld
michtfie his potent Hand to manetein us, and to fechre againft our Enemies j
yea, moft to confound thame, quhen that they promeifit to thamefelfis Vifto-
ry without Refiftance, 0 that ixe could richly confider the wondrous Work of
the Lord our God.
In the Treatife of Peice contrafted at Leyth, thair wer conteined certane
Heids that required theRatificatioun of bothe the Queins. TheQuene of£«-
gland, according to hir Promeis, Subfcriptioun and Seill, without ony Delay per-
formed the fame, and fent it to our Soverane, by hir apointed OfRciaris. Bot
'ourSoverane (quhither becaus hir awn crafty Nature moved hir tharefo, or
that hir Uncles cheif Counfaillours fb wald, we knaw not) with mony Dila-
tours fi'uftrat the Expeftatioun of the Quene of England, as by the Copie of a
Letter fent firom the Ambafladour of England, to his Soverane, we may un-
derftand.
At Parife the 23d. of Jiimi 1^61.
rHe I %th of thisprefent Junii, / fent Sommer to the ^tein of Scoitis for Ai-
dience, quho apointed me to cum to hir, the fam Day efter Demter, qithHk
I did. To hir I did remember your Maje/iies hairtie Comendatiouns, and cfeclair-
red unto hir your Ma jellies lyk Glaidjomnes of hir Recoverie of hir kit Seiknes, quMs
Want of Helthe, as it was greavous unto your Majeftie, fo did yow congratulate
and greatlie rejoyce of the greate T'earmis of Helthe fche was prefentlie in. Efter
thefe Offices, I put hir in Remembrance agane, quhat hadpafftt from the Beginnif^,
in the Matter of your Majefties Demand of hir Ratificatioim, according to the
Propone
L I ft. III. of Kcligioun in Scotland. 275
Prof arte of the [aid Treatif, alpxe'tll Ij me at the fir ft ^ as eftervoarde h hiy Lbr3
of Bedturde at his being heir^ and alfo foll&xit fynce be me agane in Audience',
and by my Letter to hr being /wLorane; Adding heirto your Ma fellies farther Co'
mandementy and Rechairge to me agane^ prefentlie to renew the fume Demand, as
iefoir bad hein done.
Anfjseii-.
'^*'"He (aid Quene maid Anfwcr, Monfieur VEmhaffadour, I thank the
J_ Quene, my gude Sifter, for this gentill Vifitatioiin, and Ccngrarula-
tioun of this my Recovery ; and thoch I be not in perFyte Helthe, yet I
find myfelf in very gude in the cuming to. And for anfvver to your bemand
(quoth fchc) of my Ratificatioun, I do remember all thefe Things that ye
have recited unto me: And I wald that the Quene my gud Sifter fbuld
think that I do refpe'ft the refblute Anfwer in this Matter, and performing
thareof, until 1 fick Tyme as I may have the Advys of the Nobles and Eftaits
of my awn Realmc, quhilk I truft fall not be lang a doing, for I intend to
mak my Voyage thither fchortely. And tkoch this Matter (quoth fche)
doeth tuitche me principally, yet doethe it alfo tuitche the Nobles and E-
ftaites of thy Realme to : And tharefor it Hill be mete that I ufs thair Ad-
vyfes tharein. Heretofor they have feamit to be greaved, that I fould do
any Thing without thame. And now they wald be moir oflendit, if I fbuld
proceid in this Matter of myfelf without thair Advyfes. I do intend (quoth
fchej to fend Monfieur d'Oftll to tTie Quene your Maiftrcs, my gnde Sifterj
quho fall declair that unto hir from me, that I truift fall fatisfie hir. By
quhome I will gif her to underftand of my Jorney into Scotland. I meane to
embark at Calice. The Ring has lent me certane Galayis and Schipis to con-
voy me hame, and I intend to require of my gude Sifter thofe Favours that
Princes afe to do in fick Cafes. And thoch the Tearms quharein heretofore
we have bene, hathe bene fumquhat hard, ever till that fche may fchaw her
«vill Will. Yet I truft that from henceforth we fall accord togither, as Co-
fignes and gude Nychbours. I meane to retire (quoth fche) all the Frefiche-
men furthe o( Scotland, quha have geven Jealoufy to the Quene my Sifter, and
Mifcontentment to my Subjects ; fo that I will leave nothing undone to fatisfie
all Parties, trufting the Quene my gude Sifter will do the lyke ; and that
from hencefurth none of my difobedient Subjcfls (if thare be any fickj fall
find Ayd or Supporte at her Hands.
I anfwered. That I was not defyrous to faH in the Difcours how thofe hard
Tearms firft begane, nor by quhat Means they wer nurifched, becaus tharein
I muft charge fijm Party with Injury and Perrell offer-ed to the Quene my Mai-
ftres, quhilk was the veray Ground of thefe Maters. Bot I was well afTured
that thare culd be na better Occafioun oftered to put the former Unkynd-
nes in Forgetfulnes, than by ratifying the Treatis of Peicc, for that fuld I'e-
pay all Injuries pafte. And Mstlam (quoth I) quharc it pleifeth yow to CuV-
pend the Ratificatioun, untill yow have the Advys of the Nobility and States
of your Realme, the Quene my Maifti^es doeth norhing dout of thair Confor-
mity in this Mater, becaus the Treaty was made by thair Confentis.
The Quene anfwered, yea, by fum of thame, but not by all. It will apelf-,
quhen I cum amongs thame, quhider they be of the fame Mynd that yow
lay they wer then of or no. But of this I aftiire yow, Monfieur I'Ambafd-
Z z t z dour
27^ The Hi/lor ie of the Kejormatioun Lib. HI.
dour fquoth Iche) I for my Parte am veray defyrous, to have the perfyte
and the aflured Amity ot the Quene my gude Sifter,and will ufs ail the Means I
can to give her Occafioun to think that I meane it indeed.
I anfwered, Madame, the Quene my Maiftres, ye may be aflured, will ufe
the lyk towards yow, to move yow to be of the fame Opinioun towards her.
. Then ffaid fthej I truft the Quene your Maiftres will not (upporte nor
incurage ony of my Subjects to continew in thair Difbbedience, nor to
tak upoun ihame Things that apertein ttot to Subjefts. This we moft
anfwer to her, It aperteineth to Subjefls to worlchip God as he hes
comandit, and to fupprels Idolatry, by quhome fb ever it be erefted
or manteined. Yow knaw (quoth (che) thare is mekill ado in my Realme
about Maters of Religioun. And thoch thare be a gritterNumer of a contrar
Religioun unto me then I wald thare wer, yet thare is no Reflbne that Sub-
iefts (buld give a Law to thair Soverane, and fpecially in Matters of Religi-
oun, quhilk I feir fquoth fche) my Subjects fall tak in Hand ; (anfwer for
the Part of Scotland^ and if (o they had done, they had efthapit God's Indig-
natioun, quhilk hathe bene felt, and ftill hingeth over this Realme, for the
Idolatry, and utter Abhominatiouns comitted in the fame, quhilk fall not
ceis till that it be fuppreffit.)
I anfwered, Madame, your Realme is in no uther cais at this Day, then
all uther Realmes of Chriftendome are. The Pruif quhareof ye fie verified
in this Realme. And yow fie quhat grit Difficulty it is to give Ordour in
this Mater, thoch the King and all his Counfaill be very defyrous thare-
unto. Religioun is of the gritteft Force that may be ; yow have bene long
out of your Realme, fb as the contrary Religioun to yours hath wone the
Upperhand, and the greatefl Parte of your Realme: Your Mother was a
Woman of grit Experience, of deipe DifTimulatioun, and keped that Realme
inQuyetnes, till fche begane to ftrayne Mens Confciences ; and as yow think
it unmete to be conftrayned by your Subjefts, fb it may lyke you to con-
fidder. The Matter is als intollerabill to thame to be conftrayned by yow,
in Maters of Confcience ; for the Dewty dew to God cannot be geven to ony
uther, without Offence to his Majefty. Quhy (faid fche^ God doeth comand
Subjects to be obedient to thair Princes, and comanded Princes to reid his
Law, and governe thareby thamefelfis, and the People committed to thair
Charges. Anfwer, Yea, Madame (quoth I^ in thos Things that be not a-
gaintt his Commandements. Well (quoth fche) I will be plane with yow :
The Religioun that I profes, I tak it to be maifl acceptable to God ; and in-
deid, neyther do I knaw, nor defyre to knaw ony uther, Conftancy doeth
becume all Folks well, but nane better then Princes, and fick as have rewle
over Realmes, and fpecially in Maters of Religioun. The Turk is als con-
ftant in his Alcoran^ as the Paip and his Seftes ar in his Conftitutiouns. I
have bene brocht up (faid fche j in this Religioun, and quho micht credite
me in ony Thing, if I fbuld fchaw myfelf lichte in this Cais. And thoch
I be young, and not well learned, yet have I hard this Matter oft difputed
be my Uncle my Lord Cardinall, with fum that thocht they culd fay fum-
quhat in the Mater ; and I fand tharein no grit Reflbun to change my Opi-
nioun (neyther did Cajaphas^ quhen Chrift Jefus did reflTone in his Prefens.
Bot quhat was the Cardinall compelled to confes at Poyfye ?)
Madame ffaid I) if yow juge well in that Mater, yow moft be conver-
(ant in the Scriptures, quhilk ar the Tuitche-ftone to try the rycht frotii the
wrange.
Lib. III. of Rc'iigioi!}i w Scotland. o-j-j
wrange. Peradventiir yow ar Co partially affe^cd to your Uncles Argument
that yow ciild not indirtercntly confiddcr the uthcr Party : Yet this I aniirc
yow, Madame (quoth I) your Uncle my Lord Cardinall, in Conference with
me about thcle Maters, hathc confeffit, That thare be grit Errours and A-
bu(cs cum into the Kirk, and grit Difordours in the Miniliers and Cicr-'v in
(a nukle that he willit that thare micht be a Retbrmatioun of the ane md
of the uther. I have oftentymcs hard him fay the lyke (quoth fche ) Then
I (aid. Well, I trult God will inlpyre yow all that be Princes, that thare
may be fum gude Ordour taiken in this Mater, fo as thare may be' one Unity
in Relig.oun throuchout all Chrirtendonie.
God grant fquoth fche ,; bot for my Parte ye may pcrceavc I aiiie none of
thote that will change thair Religioun every Yeir. And, as I tauld yow in
the Begyning, I meane to conlirayne none of my Subjefts, bot wald wifs
thay war all as I ame; and I truft they fould have no Supporte to conftrayne
me. I will fend Monfieur d'Ofell fquoth fche) to yow befor he eo ro
knaw quhither ye will any Thing into Eughmd. I pray yow fo ordour your
fclf in this Mater, betwix the Quene my gude Silk-r and me, that thare niav
be perfyte and aflured Amity betwix us ; for I knaw, quoth fche, that Mini-
fters may do mekill gude and harme.
I tauld her that I wald faythfuily and trevvly mak Declaratioun of all that
fche had fud unto me, unto your Majefty ; and truftit that (che wald lb fatisfie
your Majefty by Monfieur ci'Ofell in all Things, as I fould heirefter have no
more Occafioun to treate with her of ony Things, bot of the Increfs of Amitv
Sche faid thare fuld be no want thareof on her Behalf
This is the Etfeft of the Quene o( Scotlands Anfwcr to your Majefties De
mand of her faid Ratificatioun, and of my faid Negotiatioun with her at this
Tyme.
Thefe Adverteifments fumquhat exafperat the Quene of Btglaud and nor
altogether without Caus ; for the Armes of Eiiglund wer befor Lfurped bv
our. Soverane, and by her Hufband Frmias, and Elizahethe Quene of Emlatui
was of the Guyjianes reputed littill better than a Baftard. It was apointed that
this Titill fould be renunced. Bot heirof had our proud and vane Quene no
Plefour, and efpecially efter that her Hufband was deid ; for f thocht fche^
the To-luik of Ejighud fall allure mony Wowers to me. The Guyfiams and the
Papifts of both l^e Realmes, did not a lirill animate her in that Ferfute •
The Eflfea quhareof will foner apeir then the godly of England wald defyre'
And yet is fche that now rigneth over thame, nether gude Proteftant nor vet
refolute Papif^, let the Warld juge quhilk is the thrid. Quene Elrutbethe
we fay, offended with the former Anfwers, wrote unto the Nobility and FL
ftaits of Scotland^ in Forme as followeth.
lie ^ene of Englands Letter to th'e Eftahs of Scotland. '•
RIcht Truftie, and richt intierly belovit Couflngs, We grete yow We
dout not, bot as our Meaning is, and hethe bene always fynce our
Rigne, in theSicht ofAlmychtieGod, ftrecht and direft towards the Ad
vancemant of his Honour and Treuthe in Religioun, and confequeiltly to rro'
cure Peice and mantene Concord betwix bothe thefe Rcalmes of Emiand and
Scotland; fo alfo cur outward Afts have well declared the fame to the Warld
and efpecially to yow, being our Nychbours, quha have taflit and provit of
^ ^ ^ ^ thefe
278 The Hi/iorie of the Reformatioun Lib. III.
thefe our Freindfchip and erneft Gudewill, more than we think any of youiL
Anteceflburs have ever receaved from hence; yea, more than a gude Numer
of yourfelfis culd well hope of us, all former Exemples being well weyed and
confiddered. And this we have to rejoyce of, and (b may ye be glad, That
nuhare in the begyning of the Trubles in that Cuntrey, and of oijr Succours
meant for yow, the Jeloufie, or rather the Malice of divers, bothe in that
Realme and in uther Cuntreys was fick, bothe to deprave us in yeilding, and
yow in requyring our Ayde, that we wer noted to have meaned the Supprys
of that Realme, by depryving of your Soverane the Quene of her Crown^
and yow or the gritteft Parte of yow, to have intended by our Succour th^
lyke • and eyther to prefer fum uther to the Crown, or ells to mak of that
Monarchy a Comoun-welthe ; Maters very fklanderous and fals. Bot the
End and Determinatioun, yea, the hail! Cours and Proces of the Aftioun one
bothe our Parts have manifefted, bothe to the Sclanderers, and unto all u-
thers that nothing was more meint and profecuted, then to eftablifch your
Soverane the Quene, our Coufing and Sifter, in her Eftait and Crown, the
PoiTeffioun quhareof was in the Hands of Strangears. And althoch no Words
culd -then Weill (atisfie the malicious, yet our Deids do now declarej That
no uther Thing was (bcht, bot ^the Reftitutioun of that Realme to the ancient
Liberty and as it wer to redeme it frome Captivity. Of thefe our Puirpofes
and Deids, thair remaineth, among uther Arguments, gude Teftimony, by aiie
fblemne Treaty and Accord maid the laft Year at Edinburgh, by GommilTionerS
fent bothe frome us, and from your Quene, with full Authority in wrytting
under bothe our Hands, and the Greit Seilles of bothe our Realmes, in ficfc
Maner as uther Princes our Progenitours have always ufit. J^y quhilk Treaty
and Accord, ether of us have fully accordit with uthet", to keip gude PeicS
and Amity betwix ourfelfis, our Cuntreys and Subjefts. And in the (aifle
alfb ane gude Accorde is maid, not onely of eertane Qliefrells happened be-
twix us, bot alfo of fum Differences betwix the Minifters of the lait Frenche
King, your Soveranes Hufband, and yow the Eftaits of the RealiBe, for tht
Alteratioun of Laws and Cuftomes of that Cuntrey atteilipted by thanie. Upi
oun quhilk Accord thare maid and concluded, hath hitherto followed (as
yow knaw) Surety to your Soveranes Eftait, Quyetnes fo ;^ourfelfis, and a
better Peace betwix both the Realmes, then ever was hard of in any iTyme
paft. Nevertheles, how it hapenethe we knaw not (we can^, for fche in he?
Conceate thinketh herfelf Quene of both) that youk- Soterane eyther ndk
knawing in this Parte her awn Felicity, or ells dahgeroully feduced by per-
vcrs Councell, quhareof we wald be moft fbryj bieing of late at fiindi-y
Tymes required by us, according to her Band remaining With us, fighed with
her awn Hand, and fealled with the Create Sealle of that RealmCj and allow*
ed by yow, being the Eftaits of the fame, to ratifie her faid Treaty, in lyke
maner as we by wrytting have donfe, and ar redy to deelair it to her, yet
fche maketh fick dilatory Anfwers thareunto, as quhat we fall juge thareof,
we perceave by her Anfwer, That it is ttieit to requ?rfe of ydvfr: f(A 41.
thoch fche hes always anfwered fince the Deyth of her fehrfMnd, That in
this Mater fche wald firft underftand the Mynds of eei"tahe ef yoV^, bcfoJr
fcRe wald mak anfwer. And fo having now of brig "fyifad fiiffjendit dtir
Expeftatioun,in the End,notwithftanding that fche liathe h^ Gonferertte bbtfte
by MefTtngers, and by flim of yourfelfis, being with htt, yet fche ftHl de-
layeth it, alledgirtg to our Ambafl&doar in Fra'ac^ (qufio feid thirt Ifhi^ IfVb.
' aty
Lib. HI. of Keligtoun in Scotland. 27^
aty was maid by your Confentis) it was not by Confent of yow all j and (b
^wald have us to forbeir, untill fche returne to that her Cuntrcy. And now
(ling this her Anfwer depends, as ix fbuld feim by her Words, upon your
Opiniouns, we cannot bot plancly let yow all underrtand, That this maner
of Anfwer, without (um moir Fruitc, cannot lang content us: We have
meinif well to our Sifter your Qucrie in Tyme ofOttence gevin to us by her.
We did planeiy, without DifTimulatioun, charge her in her awn douthill E-
ftait : Quhyllis Strangcars poneHTit her Realme, we ftayit it from Danger*
And now, haveing promeifit to kcip gude Pcice with her, and yow her Sub-
^efts, we have hitherto obferved it ; and fall be fory if eythcr fche or yow
fall give us contrary Caus. In a Mater (b profitable to bothe the Realmcs
we think it ftrange that your Quene hathe no better Advyfe : And thare-
fnre we do requyre yow all, being theStaites of that Realme, upoan quhom
the Burden refls, to confiddcr this Mater deiply, and to mak us anfwer^
quhareunto we may truft. And if yow fall think meit fche fall thus leave
the Peice imperfyte, by breaking of her fblemn Promeis, contrary to the Or-
dour of all Princes, we fall be well content to accept your Anfwer, and fall
be als cairlefs to fie the Peice kept, as ye fall give us Caus ; and dout not^
by the Grace of God, bot quhafbever of yow fill firft inclyne thareto, fall
(bneft repent. Yow muft be content with our plane wrytting. And one the
uther Syde, if you continew all in one Mynd, to have the Peice inviolably
kept, and fall fo by your Advys procure the Quene to ratifie ir, we alfb plane-
ly promeis you. That we will alfb continew our gude Difpofirioun ro kelp
the fime in fick gude Tearmes as now it is : And in fa doing, the Honour of
Almichty God fall be dewly fbcht and promoted in bothe the Realmes the
Quene your Soverane fall injoy her Eftait with Surety, and yourfelfis pofefs
that quhilk you have with Tranquillity, ro the InCrefS of your Families and
Pofterities, quhilk by the frequent Weires heirtofor your Anteceflburs never
had long in one Eftait. To conclude, we requir you to adverteis us of quhat
Mynd ye be, fpecially if you all continew in that Mynd, that ye meane to
have the Peice betwix both the Realmes perpetually keipt : And if ye fall
forbeir any long Tyme to adverteis us, ye fall give to us fiim Occafioun of
dout, quhareof more Hurt may grow than Gude. Frome, ^c.
Thefe Letters receaved and perufed, albeit the Eftaites culd not be con-
Veaned, yet did the Counfell, and fum uthers alfb in particular, returne An-
fwer with redbnabill Diligence. The Tenour of our Letters was this.
T)Las your Majefiy^ that 'with Jugement 'Joe have advyfit your Majefiies Letters :
* And albeit the haill Eftaites culd not he fuddanely affemhled^ yet nxe thocht ex-
pedient to fignifie fumquhat of our Mynds unto yout Majefiie. Far he it from us,
that eyther we takn^oun us, that Infamy tefoir the fVarU, or Grudge ofConfcietice
lefoir our God, that we fould lichtely ejietne the Ohfervatioun of that Peice laitly
contraHed hetwix thefe two Realmes. By quhat Motives cur Soverane delayit the
Ratificatioun thareof, <we cannot tell : Bot of us {of us, we fay, Madame, who
have in God Prefence froteftit Fidelity in $ur Prcmife) her Grace hes naJie. Tour
Majefiy cannot he ignorant. That in this Realme thair ar mcny Enemies j and
farder^ 7hat our Soverane hes Counfaillours, quhos Jvgements fche in all fick Caifes
freftrs to curs. Our Allegiance hindeth us, not cnely reverently to ffeik and wryte
cf cur Soverane, let alfo to juge and think: And yet your Majefiie may he well
affuredy That in us fall he voted no Blame, if that Peace he not ratefeid to your
A a a a 2 Majti
28o The Hi ft or ie of the Reformatioun Lib. Ill,
Mujefties ContentemeiJt : For God is Witnes^ 'J'hat our cheif Cair in this Earthe^ ^
nixt the Glorie of our God^ rs. That confiant Peice may remane hetwix thefe two
RealiiieSy quhareof your Majeft'ie and Reahne jail have fure Experience, fo long as
our Counfaill and Votes may ftay the contrary. T'he Benefite that ixe have re-
ceavit is fo recent, that ixe cannot fuddanely bitrie it in Forgetfulnes. We ■wald
defyre your Majeftie rayther to be perfwaidit of us. That we to our Poweris will
Jiudie to leave it in Remembrance to our Pofteritie. And thus with lawfull and
humill Comendatioun of Service, we comit your Majeftie to the Protect ioua of the
Omnipotent. (9/ Edinburgh the i6. o/Julii i§6i.
Thare war fum that anfwerit fum of the Minifters of England fumquhat
mair fcharpelie, and wiUit thame not to accuifs nor threatin fb fcharpelie,
till that they wer abill to convift fick as had promifit Fidelity of fum evident
Cryme, quhilk althoch they wer abill to lay to the Charge of fum, yet re-
fpeft wald be had to ficke as lang had declairit thamefelfis conftant Procurers
of Quyetnes and Peice. tj
The fuddane Arryvell of the Quene made grit Alteratioun evin in the
Counfaill, as efter we will heir. In this meane Tyme, the Papifts by fur*
meifing troublit quhat they micht, thair Poftis, Letteris, and Complaintis
wer frome Day to Day direft, ilim to the Paip, lum to the Cardinall of Lo-
rane, and fum to our Quene. The principall of thefe Curriours wer, Mr.
Stephane Wiljone, Mr. Johne Leflie, callit Nolumus and Volumus, Mr. James
Thornetoun, and utheris, fick as levit, and rtill leve by the Traffique of that
Romane Harlote,
The Preicheours vehemently exhortit us to eflablifche the Bulk of Difci-
pline, by ane Aft and publift Law ; affirming. That if they fufferit Thingis
to hing in flifpens, quhen God had gevin unto thame fufficient Power in thair
Hands, they fould efter fobe for it, bot fuld not get it.
The End of the Thrid Buik.
THE
28l
THE
FOURT BUIK
O F T H E
Progres and Continuance
OF
Trew Religioun within SCOTLAND.
» N the former Bulks, gcntill Reader, thow may clear-
ly fie, how potently God hath performed, in thefe
our laft and wicked Dayes, as weill as in the Ages
that have pafled befoir us, the Promeifes that ar maid
to the Servandis of God, by the Prophete Efay^ in thefe
Words ; ^hey that wait upoitn the Lord fall renew thair
Strength, they fall lift up the Winges as the Eagles:
Ihey fall run, and not he wearit, they walk and not
faint. This Promeis, we fay, fuche as Sathan hes
not utterly blinded, may fie performed in us, the Profeflburs of Chrift Jefus
within this Realme of Scotland, with no lefs Evidence, than it was in ony
Age, that ever pafled befoir us : For quhat was our Force ? quhat was
our Number ? Yea, quhat Wifdome or warldly Policy was into us, to have
brocht to ane gude End, fo great ane Interpryfe ? Our very Enemies can
beir "Witnes. And yit in how grit Purity God did eftablifche among us his
trew Religioun, as weill in Doarine as in Ceremonies ; to quhat Confufion
and Feir wer Idolaters, Adulterars, and all publia Tranfgreflfours of God's
Comandements within fchortTyme brocht ; the publift Ordour of the Kirk,
lit, by the Mercy of God, preferved, and the Punifchments executed againft
E b b b Malefaftours,
282 The Hijlorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. IV.
Malefa6lours, can teftifie unto the Warld. For as twiching the Doftrine
tau.cht by our Minifters, and twiching the Adminiftratioun of the Sacra-
ments ufed in our Kirkes, we ar bauld to affirme, that thare is no Realme
this Day upoun the Face of the Earthe, that hath thame in gritter Purity ; yea,
( we man fpeik the Treuth quhomfoever we offend ) thare is non, no Realme
we meane, that hath thame in the lyke Purity : For all uthers, how fincere
that ever the Dodrine be, quhilk by (bme is taucht, retein in thair Kirks,
and in the Minifters thareof, flim Fotefteppes of Antichryft, and Dreggis of
Papiftry. Bot we ( all Praife to God alone ) have nothing within our Kirks,
that ever flowed from that Man of Sinne. And this we acknawlege to be
the Strenth gevin to us of God j becaus we eftemed not ourfelfis wyfe in our
awn Eyes, bot underftanding our awn WifHome to be bot mere Foolifchnes
befoir the Lord our God, layed it afyde, and followed onely that whiche we
fand approved by himfelf
In this Poynt culd never our Enemies caus us to faynt: For our firfl Pe-
titioun was. That the reverend Face of the Primitive and ApofioUck Kirk foiild be
reduced agane to the Eyis and Knawlege of Men. And in that Poynt, we fay,
our God hath ftrenthned us, till that the Work was finifched, as that the Warld
may fie. And as concerning the fiipprefling of Vice, yea, and the abolifch-
ing of all fick Things asmycht nurifche Impiety within this Realme, the Afts
and Statutes of the principall Touns reformed, will yit teftifie. For quhat A-
dulterar, quhat Fornicatour, quhat knawn Mefmonger, or peftilent Papift
durfl have bene fene in publift, within any reformed Toun within this Realme,
befoir that the Quene arryved ? And this Victory to his Word, and Terrour
to all filthy Livars, did our God work be fuch as yit live and remane Wit-
neffes, quhither they will or not, of the forfaids Works of God. We fay.
Our God fliffered none of thefe, quhom he firfl called to the Battell, to pe-
rifche or to fall, till that he maid thame Viflours of thair Enemies. For evin
as God fuffered none of thefe, quhom he called from Egypt, to perefche in the
Red Sye, how fearfuU that ever the Danger appeired : So fuffered he none of
us to be opprefTed, nor yit to be taken from this Lyfe, till that mo Pharoes
then one war drowned, and we fett at Freedome, without all Danger of our
Enemies j to let both us and our Pofferity underfland, that fuch as follow the
Conducing of God, cannot perifche, albeit they walked in the veray Schad-
dow of Deyth. Bot from quhence ( allace ) cometh this miferable Difper-
fioun of God's Pepell within this Realme this Day, in Mall ij66 ? And
quhat is the Caus, that now the Juft is compelled to keip Silence ? Gude
Men ar banifched, Murtherars, and fuch as ar knawn unworthy of the com-
mon Society (if juft Laws wer put in dew executiounj bear the hole Regi-
ment and Swinge within this Realme ? We anfwer, Becaus that fuddanely
the moft Parte of us declyned from the Purity of God's Word, and began to
follow the Warld ; and Co agane fchuke Hands with the Devill and with Ido-
latry, as in this fourth Buke we will heir.
For quhill that Papiftes wer fb confounded, that none within the Realme
durft more avow the Hearing and Saying of Mefs, then the Theves of Lld-
dlfdale durft avow thair Stouth in the Prefeace of ane uprycht Judge ; Thare
wer Proteftants fund, that afchamed not at Tables, and uther oppin Places to
afk, ^thy may not the ^ene have Mr Mefs, and the Forme of hlr Rellgioun *
^hat can that hurt w or our ReJlgloun? And from thefe two, ^hy and
Lib. IV. of Kcligiotm in Scotland. 283
^uhat^ at lenth fprang out this Affirmative, 'fhe ^tieiiei Mefs and k'lr Pre'ifl
will -joe maiiteve: T/:!S Hand and thu Rapper fall fcchi in tbair Defeme.
The Inconveniences wcr fchawn, both by Toun^ and by Pen .• Bot the
Advertifers wer judged to be Men of unquyet Spirits ; thair Credit was de-
faced at the Hands of fuch, as befoir wer not efchamcd to havcufed thair Coun-
faill, in Maters of gritter Importance, then to have refufcd the Mefs. Bot
then my Lord, my Mairter may not be thus ufed ; he hes that Honour to
be the Quenes Brother ; and tharefore we will that all Men fall underftand,
that he mon tender hir as his Sirter : And quhofbcver will counfell him to
difpleafe hir, or the leift that perteins unto hir, fall not find him thair Freindj
yea, they ar worthie to be hanged, that wald fo counfell him, &c.
Thcfc and the lyke Reafons tuk fick deip Rute in Flefch and Elude, that the
Treuth of God was almairt forgott ; and from this Fontaine, to -juit^ that
Flefch and Elude was, and yit allace, is preferred to God, and to his Meflin-
gers, rebuiking Vice and Vanity, hathe all our Mileric proceded.
For as befor, (b even yet, althoch the Minifters be fett to begg, the
Guard and the Men of Weir mon be ferved ; thoch the Elude of the Mini-
fters be fpilr, it is the Quenes Servand that did it. Althoch MeflTes be mul-
tiplycd in all Quarteris of the Realme, quho can flop the Quenes SubjecFis to
live in the Quenes Religioun ? Alrhoch innocent Men be imprifbned, it is
the Quenes Plefure. Sche is offended at fuch Men, althoch under Pretence
of Jurtice, Innocentis be murthercd : The Lords fall weip, but the Queues
Mynd muft be fatisfyed. Nobles of the Realme, Earones and Counfellors
ar baniichcd, thair Efcheatts difponed, and thair Lyves mofl injuftly perfued.
The Quene hes loft hir Truflie Servand Davie, he was dear unto hir ; and
tharefore, for her Honours Saik, fche mul^ fchaw Rigour to reveng his Death.
And yet farther, albeit that fum knew that fche hes plainlie purpoifed to wrak
the Religioun within this Realme; that to that Romain Antichryft fche hes
maid her Prcmis ; and that from him fche hath takin Money to uphauld his Pcmp
*vithin this Realme, yit will they left the Pepill underf^and, that the Qucne
vill eflablifch Religioun, and provyde all Things ordourly, if fche wer once
delyvered.
If fuch dealing, which is commune amcngft Proteflants, be not to prefer
Flefch and Elude, to God, to his Treuth, to Juftice, to Religioun, and unto
the Liberty of this opprefTed Realme, let the Warld juge. The Plagues
have bene, and in fum Pairt ar prefent, that wer befbr threatned; the reft ap-
proches : And yit quho from the Hairt cryeth, / haz'e offended, tie Lord
kmws? In thee onlie is the Trtifi of the opprejjedj for vane is the Heipe of
Man. Bot now return we to our Hiftorie.
The ninetein Day of y%H// i;6i Yeirs, betwene feven and eicht Hours
Befoirnone, arryved Mane Quene of Scotland, then Wedo, with two Gallics
furth o( France: In herCumpany; befydes hir Gentilwemen called the .1/^-
ries, wer hir thrie Uncles, the Duk d'Omal the grand Prior, the Marques
d'Mufe. Thair accumpanyed hir alfo, cPArmk Sonne to the Conftable of
France, with uther Gentillmen of inferiour Conditioun, befydes Servands and
Officiars. The verie Face of the Heavin, the Tyme of hir Arryvall, did ma-
nifeftly fpeik quhat Comfort was brocht unto this Countrey with her, to mt^
Sorow, Darknes, Dolor, and all Impiety ; for in the Memory of Man, that
t)ay of the Yeir was nevir fene a more dolorous Face of the Heavin, than
B b b b 2 vvas
284 ^/-^^ Hi/hrie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
was at hir Arryvall, which two Days efter did fo continew. For be(yd the
Surfece Weitt and Corruptioun of the Ayr, the Mift was fo thick and dark,
that fcarfe micht any Man efpy ane uther the lenth of two Pair of Butts :
The Sone was not fene to fchyne two Dayes befoir, nor two Dayes efter.
That Fore-wairning gave God unto us ; hot alace the moll: Fairt wer blynd.
At the Sound of the Canons, quhilk the Gallies fchotf, the Multitude be-
\n^ advertifed, happie was he and fche that firft mycht have the Prefens of
the Quene ; the Froteftants wer not the floweft : And ihairintill they wer
not to be blamed. Becaus the Palace of Halynidehous was not throuchly put
in Ordour (for hir cuming was more fuddane then many luiked for) fche re-
mained in Leyth, till towards the Evening, and then repaired thither. In the
Way betwix Leyth and the Abbey, mett hir the Rebelles the Craftes, of quhom
we ipak befoir, to wit, thofo that had violated the Authority of the Magi-
flrates and had befieged the Froveft. Bot becaus fche was Hifficiently in-
ftrufted, that all that they did was done in Defpyte of the Religioun, they
wer eafily pardoned.
Fyres of Joy wer fett furth at Nycht, and a Cumpanie of moft honefl
Men with Inftruments of Mufick, and with Muficians, gave thair Salutati-
ouns at hir Chalmer Windo ; the Melodie, as fche alledged, lyked hir Weill ;
and Iche willed the fam to be continewed fum Nychts efter with grit Dili-
gence. The Lords repaired unto her from all Quarters: And fo was no-
thing underrtude but Myrth and Quyemes, till the next Sonday, quhilk was
the 24. o{ Angiift : Quhen Freparatioun began to be maid for that Idole the
Mes to be faid in the Chappell. Quhilk perceaved, the Hairts of all the
Eodlie began to bolden ; and Men began oppinlie to fpeik, Sail that Idole be
faffered agane to tak Plaice within this Realme ? It fall not. The Lord Und'
fay (then bot Maifler) with the Gentillmen o£ Fyfe, and uthers, planely cry-
ed in the Clofe, Ihe Idolater Piieji fould dye the Deyth, according to God's
Law. One that caryed in the Candle was evill afi-ayed ; bot then begane
Flefch and Blude to fchaw the felf Thair durft no Papifte, nether yet any
that cam owl o^ France, quhilper: Bot the Lord James, (the Man quhom
all the godly did moft Reverence J) tuk upoun him to keip the Chappell
Dure : His beft Excufe was. That he wald ftope all Scottifmen to enter into
the Mefs ; bot it was, and is fufficiently knawin, that the Dure was kepit
that nane fould have Entrefs to truble the Preift ; quho efter the Mefs was
comitted to the Froteftioun oi^'LordJhone otColdii?ghame, and Lord Robert of
Halierudhous, quho then wer both Froteftants, and had comunicat at the Table
of the Lord : Betwix thame twa was the Preift convoyed to his Chalmer.
And fo the godly departed with Grif of Hairt, and at Efternone repaired to
the Abbey in grit Cumpanies, and gave plane Significatioun, that they culd
not abyde, that the Land quhilk God by his Power had purged from Ido-
latry, fould in thair Eys be polluted agane. Quhilk underftude, thare began
Complaynt upoun Complaynt. The auld Dontibours, and uthers that long
had ferved in the Court, and hes noRemifTioun of Sinnes, bot by Vertew of
the Mefs, cryed, They wald to France without Delay, they could not live without
the Mefs : The fame affirmed the Quenes Uncles. And wald to God that
that Meinzie, togidder with the Me6, had taken Gudenycht at the Realme
for ever : For fo had Scotland bene ridd of ane unprofitable Burthene of de-
vouring Strangears, and of the Maledit^ioun of God that hes firickin, and
yet will ftryke for Idolatry.
The
Lib. IV. of Rclgioiin iu Scothnd. 285
The Counfcll allcmblctl, Dilpiitatioun was had of the next Remedy : To-
litick Headcs wer ient unto the Gentillmen, with thefe and the \yk Pcrfwa-
fiuuns. // h ahica wtli ye cbuje our Soverane from us ; fcke '•ji'ill iticontwent re-
iunie unto hir dillayes, and qubat then fall all Realmes fay of us ? May -we not
juffer ker a Htlill qnbyle ? IVe (tout not hot fie fall leave it. If ar -wer not
allured that Jd'e inyd:t be wane, we fouU be als grit Biemies to ber Mefs as ye fulJ
be : hir I'ncUs will depart., and then full we reull all at ear Fiefour. IVald not
'jce be als forie to hurt tbe Religioun als any of yon wald he ? With thele and
the lyk Perruafiouns, we (ay, was the Fervency of the Brcthrein quenclxed,-
and an Act was fraimed. The Tenour quharcof followes.
y^/"//^ Edinburgh, 2j. Aiigufti ij6i.
FOrfamekle as the Quenes Majeftie hes underftude the grit Inconvenience
that may cum, throw the Divifioun prelenthe ftanding in this Realme,
tor the Difterence in Matters of Religioun, that her Majeltie is maift de-
fyrous to fie it pacyfied be an gude Ordour to the Honour of God and Tran-
quillirie of her Realme, and meanis to tak the fam be Advice of her E-
ftaites fa (one as convenientlie may be, and that hir Majeftics godlie Refo-
lutioun tharein may be gritlie hindered, in cais any Tumult or Scditioun be
ray(ed amnngs the Lieges, if any Alteratioun or Novatioun be prealled at or
attempted, befoir that the Ordour may be eftablifched: Thairfore, Cor ef^
chewing of the faids Inconvenience, her Maje(tie ordains Letteris to be di-
rected, to charge all and fundry hir Lieges, be oppin Proclamatioun at the
Mercat Croce of Edinburgh, and uther Places neidtull, That thay and every
ane of thame contenc thamefelfis in Quyetnes, keip Peice and civill Society
amongs thamefelfis ; and in the mene Tyme, quhill the Eftaits of the Realme
fniy be aflembled, and that hir Maje(^ie have takin ane final) Ordour by
chair Advyfe and publi6l Confent, quhilk hir Majeftie hopes (all be to the
Contentment of the haill, that nane of thame tak upoun Hand privatly or
oppinly to mak any Alteratioun or Innovatioun of the State of Religioun, or
attempt any Thing agains the fame, quhilk her Majefly fand publicklie and
vmiverfallie ftanding at hir Majefties Arryvall in this hir Realme, under the
Fain of Deyth. With Certificatioun, that if any Subjeft of the Realme (all
cum in the contrare heirof, he fall be eftemed and haldin ane feditious Per-
Ibne and Raifer of Tumult, and the faid Paii e (all be execut upoun him with
all Rigour, to the Exempie of uthers, Attour hir Majeftie, with the Advyfe
of the Lords of Secreat Counfell, comands and charges all hir Lieges, that
nane of thame tak upoun Hand to moleft or truble any of hir domefticalt Ser-
vands, or Perfones quhatdmever cum furth of France in hir Graces Cumpany
at this Tyme, in Word, Deid, or Countenance, for any Caus quhat(umever,
either within hir Palace or without, or mak any Divifioun or Invafioun lin-
oun any of thame, under quharfumever Gullor or Pretence, under the faid
Pane of Deyth. Albeit hir Majeftie be fufficiently perfuaded, that hir gude
and loving Subjefts wald do the (ame, for the Reverence they bear to hir
Ferfone aiid Authority, notwithftanding na fick Comandement wer publifch-
cd.
This Aft and Prodannatioun penned, and put in Forme by fuch as befoir
crofefled Chryft Jefus, (for in the Counfaill then had Papiftes neyther Power
G c c c nox
2^6 The Hi/iorie of the Reformatioun L i b. IV.
nor VoteJ it was publiclly proclamed at the Mercat-Croce of Edinburgh up-
oun Monoiiday the Day foirfaid. No Man reclaimed, nor maid Repugnance
to it except the Erie o? Arrane only; quho in oppin Audience of the Hc-
rauld and Peple, protefted, 'T'hat he difajfented that any Proteclioan or Defence
fould be maid to the ^wies Dmtejiicks, or to any that cam from France, to ojfend
Gods Maje/iie, and to violit the Laws of the Realme, more then to anie nther Sub-
ie^: For Gods Law h.id pronunced Deyth to the Idolater -^ and the Laws of the
Realme had apointed Punifchment for Sayers and Hearers of Mefs ; qiihilk^ faid
he / heir prote/i^ be univerfallie obferved -^ and that nan be exempted^ unto fick
Tyme as a Law als publiflUe maid, and as confonant to the Law of God, have dif-
annulled the former. And thairupoun he tuk Documents, as the Tenour of
this his Froteftatioun does witnefs.
IN fa far as be this Proclamatioun it is underftude to the Kirk of God,
and Members thairof, that the Quenes Grace is mindit that the trew Re-
lisioun and worfchiping els eftablifched, proceid fordward, that it may day-
lie increfs : Unto the Parliament, that Ordour then may be takin for Extir-
pafioun of all Idolatrie within this Realme. We rainder mairt hairtie
Thanks to the Lord our God for hir Graces gude Mynd, earneftlie praying
that it may be encrefled in hir Hienes, to the Honour and Glory of his
Name and Weill of his Kirk within this Realme. And as twitching theMo-
leftatioun of hir Hienefs Servands, we fuppone that nane dar be la bauld as
anes to move thair Finger at thame, in doing of thair lefull Bufines : And
as for us we have leirned at our Maifler Chryfts Schole, To keap Peace with
all Men. And thairfore for our Part we will promife that Obedience to hir
Maiefty (as is our Duety) that nane of hir Servands (all be molefted, tru'
bled or anes twiched, be the Kirk, or any Member thairof^ in doing thair
lawfull Eflfaires. Bot fen that God hes faid, That the Idolater fall dye the
Deyth-, weproteft fblemnedlie, in the Prefence of God, and in the Eares of the
hale Peple that hears this Proclamatioun, and fpecially in Prelens of you Lyoun
Herauld and the reft of your Collegues, ©t-. Makers of this Proclamatioun,
that if any of hir Servands fall comitt Idolatrie, fpecially fay Mefs, partici-
pat thairwith, or tack the Defence thairof fquhilks we war laith fuld be in
hir Graces Cumpanyj in that cafe, that this Proclamatioun be not extended
to thame in that Behalf, nor be a Save-guard nor Girth to thame in that
Behalf, na mair nor if they comitt Slaughter or Murther, feing the ane is
meikle mair abhominable and odious in the Sicht of God, then is the uther.
Bot that it may be lefull to inflift upoun thame the Paines conteined in
God's Word againft Idolaters, quhairever they may be apprehendit, but fa-
vour. And this our Proteftatioun we defyre you to notifie unto hir, and
eive hir the Copy heirof, left her Hienes fuld fufpeft an Uproar, if we fiild
all cum and prefent the fame.
At Edinburgh the Day and Yeir fbirfaid.
This Baldnes did fbmequhat exafperat the Quene, and fick as favoured hir
in that Poynt. As the Lords ( then called of the Congregatioun ) repaired
to the Toun, at the firft cuming they fchew thamefelfis wondrouf]y offended,
that the Mefs was permitted : So that every Man as he cam accufed thame
that wer befoir him. Bot efter they had remained a certane Space, they war
als quyet as wer the former : Quhilk Thing perceaved, a jealous and godly
Man,
Lib. IV. of Religioun in Scotland. 287
,4
Man T{o hit Campbell of Kinganckiuby faid unto the Lord UcbUtrie^ My Lord.,
now ye ar ir«;w, and alnwft the laft of all ihe reji ; and I perceavCy be your Anger ^
tbat the Fne-edge is not y it of yaw : Bot 1 feir^ tbat eftcr the balie Water of
the Court h e fprinhlcd upoun yow, tbat ye fall hecuin ah temper at here as the reft : For /
have beiu neir now fyi'e Days,and at the jirft I bard eitiy Man Jay, Let us hang the
Preift: .Bot ejter ibat they bad bene t-juyje or tbryfe in the /Ibbay, all tbat Fervency
tali. I tiVink tbare be fame Incbantnient, qiibarely Men ar be-xitcbed. And in
very deid. Co it cam to pas: For the Quenes flattering W'ordes, on the ane
Parte ev er ftill crjing, Confcience, Confcicnce : It is a fore Thing to conjirane
the Confcionce, and the (libtyle Perfuafiouns of hir Supports (.we mean evin
of thole i:hat wcr judged molt fervent with us) upoun the uther Parte, blind-
ed all Men, and put thame in Opinioun, fche will be content to heir the
Freichine ; and lb no dout, bot (che may be wone. And thus of all it was
concluded, to fuffcr hir tor a Tyme.
The nixt Sunday, Jobne Knos inveying againft Idolatry, fchewcd quhat terri-
ble Plages God had takin upoun Realmcs and Natiouns for the lame j and added.
That one Mefs (their wer no mo fuflfered at the firft ) was more fearfull unto
him then if ten thoufand armed Enemies wer landed in ony Parte of the
Reaime of Purpofe to luppres the hole Religioun. For, faid he, in our God
thare is Strenrh to refift and confound Multitudes, if we unfeinedly depend
upoun him j quharcof haretofoir we have had Experience: Bot quhen we joyne
Hands with Idolatry ; it is no Dout, bot that baith God's amible Prefence, and
comfortable Defence will leave us ; and quhat lall thenbecum of us ? Alace,
I feare that Experience fall teache us, to the Greif of mony. At thefe Words
the Guydars of the Court mocked, and plainely fpak, Tbat fuch Fear was no
Poynt of tbair Faytb ; it was befyde bis Text, and was a very untymely Adwoni-
itoun. Bot we hard the fam Jobne Knos, in the Audience of thefe fam Men,
recite the lame Words agane in the middes of Trubles, and in the Audience
of mony, aflat God Mercy, that he was not more vehement and upricht in
the fupprelT.ng that Idole in the Beginning. For, faid he, albeit that I fpak
that quhilk offended fome ( quhilk this Day they fie and feill to be trew) yit
did I not that quhilk I micht have done; for God had not only gevin unto
me Rnawledge, and Toung to mak the Impiety of tbat Idole knawn unto the
Reaime, but he had gevin me Credit with mony, quho wald have put in Ex-
ecutioun God's Jugements, if I wald onely have confented thareto: Bot lb
cairfull was I (quoth he) of that comune Tranquility, and lb loth was I to
haveoffendit thofe of quhom I had conceaved a gude Opinioun, that in fecret
Conference with earneft and zealous Men, I travelled rather to mitigat, yea,
to (lackin that Fervency that God had kindled in uthers, then to animat or en-
curage thame, to put thair Hands to the Lord's Wark; quhareuntill I unfained-
ly acknawledge myfelf to have done moft wickedly, and from the Bottom of
my Hairt do afk of my God Grace and Pardone, for that I did not quhat in me
lay, to have fupprelTed that Idole in the Beginning. Thir and urher Words
did mony heir him fpeik in publifl Place, in the Moneth of D^rfw/'fr i;6;.
quhen fick as at the Quenis Arryvall onely manteyned the Mefs, wer exyled
the Reaime, fummoned upoun Treafoun, and Decrete of Forfaltours intended
againft thame, Bot to returne from quhence we have digrefTed.
Quhither it was be Counfaill of uthers, or the Quenis awn Defyre, we
knaw not ; bot the Quene fpak with Jobne Knox, and had lang refonmg with
hhn, none being prefenr, except the Lord James (two Gentilmen ftude in the
C c c e 2 uther
2S8 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
uther End of the Hous. ) The Summe of thair Refoning Vvas this. The
Quene accufed him, that he had raifed a Parte of hir Subje6ls againft hir Mo-
ther, and againft hirfelf; that he had wrytten a Buik againft her juft Autho-
rity ( fche meat the Treatife againft the Regiment ot Women J quhilk fche
had and fuld caus the moft learned in Europe to wryt againft it ; that he
was the Caus of grit Seditioun, and grit Slauchter in England-^ and tlhat it Was
faid to her, that all that he did was by Necromancy.
To the quhilks the (aid Johne an(wered, Madam, it may pleife ^our Ma-
iefty, patiently to hear my fimple Anfwers. And firft^ (aid he, if to teach the
Treuth of God in Sincerity, if to rebuke Idolatry, and to will a Peple to
worlchip God according to his Word, be to ray(e Subjects againft thai r Princes,
then cannot I be excuifed ; for it has pleafed God of his Mercy to mak me
ane among mony, to diiclofe unto this Realme the Vanity of the papifticall
Religioun, and the Deceat, Pryde, and Tyranny of that Romane Anrichrift.
Bot Madam, if the trew Rnawledge of God, and his rycht Worfchipping
be the cheif Caufes, quhilk moft move Men from thair Hairt to obey thair
iuft Princes (as it is moft certane that they ar) quharein can I be reprehend-
ed? I think, and am furly perfawdit, that your Grace hes had, and jsrefently
hes als unfeined Obedience, of fick as profes Chrift Jefus within this Realme,
as ever your Father or uther Progenitours had of thofe that wer called BiC-
chopes. And twitching that Buik, quhilk feames fb heichly to offend your Ma-
iefty, it is moft certane, that I wrait it, and am content that all the Learned
of the Warld judge of it. I hear that ane Englifche Man hath wrytten againft ir,
bot I hare not red him ; if he hath fufficiently improved my Refbuns, and
eftablilched his contrare Propofitiones, with als evident Teftimonies, as I have
done myne, I fall not be obftinate, bot fall confes my Errour and Ignorance;
Bot to this Hour I have thocht, and yit thinks myfelf alone to be more
able to fufteyn the Things affirmed in that my Wark, then ony ten in Europe
(all be abill to confute it.
Ye think ( quoth fche ) that I have no juft Authority. Pleis your Ma-
jefty ( faid he ) that learned Men in all Ages have had thair Judgements
frie, and moft comounly difagreing from the comoun Judgement of the Warld};
fuch alfo have they publifched, both with Pen and Toung, notwithftanding
they thamefelfis have lived, in the comoun Society with uthers, and have
borne patiently with the Errours and Imperfeftiounes, quhilk they could not a-
mend. Plato the Philofopher wrait his Buik of the Comoun-wealthe, in the
quhilk he damnethe mony Things that then wer manteyned in the Warld,
and requyred mony Things to have bein reformed; and yit notwithftanding
he lived under fick Policies, as then wer univerfally receaved, without far-
ther trubling of ony Eftate. Even fo. Madam, am I content to do, in Up-
ryghtnes of Hairt, and with a Teftimony of a gude Confcience. I have co-
municat my Jugement to the Warld ; if the Realme findis no Inconveniency
in the Regiment of a Woman, that quhilk they approve fall I not farther difal-
low than within my awn Breift, bot fall be als weill content to lire under
your Grace, as Paull was to live under Nero. And my Hope is, that
(b lang as that ye defyll not your Hands with the Elude of the Saincls of God,
that neyther I nor that Buik fall eyther hurt yow or your Authority j for in
verydeid, Madam, that Bulk was written moft efpecially againft that wicked
Jefahell of England,
Bot
Lib. IV. of Rcligioun tu Scotland. 289
Bot (faidfche j ye fpeik of Women ingenerall. Moft trew ir is, Madam*
C faid theiithcr) and yit it appcarcth to mc, tiiat Wildome fuld' pcrfiiadc
your Grace, never to rayle Truble for that, qiihilk to this Day hes not
trubled your Majerty, nether in Perfbne nor in Authority : For of late Yeirs
many Things, quhilk before wer haldin (lible, have bene called in dout • yea
they have bene plainly impugned. Bot yit, Madame, I am nflurcd, that ney^
ther Proteftant nor Papift fall be able to prove, that ony fick Queliic^un was at
ony Tyme moved eyther in publift or in fecrcte. Now, Madame, fiid he if
I had intended to have trubled your Eftatc, becaus ye ar a Womnn I
wald have chofen a Tyme more convenient for that Purpole, then I can do
now, quhen your awn Pretence is within the Realmc.
Bot now, Madame, fchortly to anfwcr to the uthcr two Accufatiouns. I hart-
lyprayfe my God throw Jefus Chrirt, that Sathan the Enemy of Mankynd and
the \Vicked of the Warld, have no uthcr Crymes to lay to my Charge then
fick as the very Warld itfelf knawes to be moft fals and vane. For in Lmland
I was refident onely the Space of fyve Yeirs. The Places wcr Berjcich, quhare
I abod two Yeirs, fo long in Ne-jucafile, and a Yeir in Lon^oiie.' Now Ma-
dame, if in ony of thefe Places, during the Tyme that I was thare, ony Man
fall be able to prove, that thare was eyther Battcll, Stditioun or Mutiny I
(all confes that I myl'elf was the Malefaclour, and the Scheddcr of the Elide.
I efchame nor farther to affirme, that God (b blefled my waik Labours that
in Berwick f quharein comonly thare ufed to be Slachter, be Reflbuns (;fQu;ir-
rells that ufed to aryfe amongfl Souldiours) thare was als grir Quyetnes all
the Tyme that I remained thare, as thare is this Day in Erlu:hurghe,
And quharethey flander me of Magick, Necromancy, or of ony uther Airt
forbidden of God, I have WitnefTes ( befyde my awn Con!cience ) all the
Congregatiouns that ever hard me, quhat I fpak both againff fuch ArteS and
againtl thofe that ufe fuch Impiety. Bot feing the Wicked of the Warld faid
*lhat my Maijhy the Lo)d Jefus -juas pof/'e/Jed with Beelzebub, I man patiently
bear, albeit that I, a wretched Sinner, be unjuffly accufed of^ thofe that never
delyted in the Verity.
Bot yet ( faid fche ) ye have teachit the Pepell to rcceave ane uthcr Reli-
gioun, then thair Princes can allow: And how can that Doarinc be of God?
Seing, that God comands Subjeclis to obey thair Primes. Madame, faid he as
that rycht Religioun tokc nether Originall nor Authority from warldly Princes
bot from the eternall God alone: So ar not Subjects bund to frame thair Reli-
gioun, according to the Appetyte of thair Princes ; for oft it is, that Princes
ar tlie moft ignarant of all uthers in God's trew Religioun, as we may read
als Weill in the Hiftories before the Deith of Chrift Jefus, as efter. If all
the Seid of Ahaham, fould have bene of the Religioun of Fharao^ to quhom
they wer long Subjefts, I pray yow, Madame, quhat Religioun fould thare
have bene in the Warld ? For, if all Men, in the Days of the Apoflles, fbuld
have bene of the Religioun of the Romatie Emperours, quhat Religioun f7)uld
have bene upoun the Face of the Eirth ? Lamell and his Fellowes wer Sub-
jefts to Nehchadnezar, and unto Darius, and yit, Madame, they wald not be
of thair Religioun, neyther of the ane nor of the uther : For the thre Chil-
dren faid, fVe mak it kna-wn unto the, 0 King, that iiue -jvill not wor/chipe thy
Gods. And Darnell did pray publictly unto his God, againf! the expres Co-
mandement of the King. And fo, Madame, ye may perceave, that Subjefts
D d d d ar
2^0 The Hiflorie of*the Kejormatioun Lib. IV,
ar not bund to the Religioun of thair Princes, albeit they ar comandit to give
thame Obedience.
Yea, quoth fche, nane of thois Men rayfed the Sword againft thair Princes,
Yit, Madame, quoth he, ye cannot deny bot that they refifted : For thefe
that obey not the Comandemants that ar gevin, in fum Sort they refiit. Bot
yit, (aid fche, they refifted not be the Sword. God, faid he, Madame, had
not gevin unto thame the Power and the Meanes. Think ye, quoth fche,
that Subjefis having Power may refift thair Princes ? If thair Princes excede
thair Bundes, quoth he, Madame, and do againft that quharefore they fuld be
obeyed, it is no Doubt, bot they may be refilled, even by Power : For
thare is nether gritter Honour, nor gritter Obedience to be gevin to Kings and
Princes, then God hes comandit to be gevin to Father and Mother .• Bot (a
it is that the Father may be ftricken with a Phrenefie, in the quhilk he
wald flay his awn Children. Now, Madame, if the Children aryie, joyne
thamefelfis tog dder, apprehend the Father, tak the Sword and uther Weapons
from him ; and finally bind his Hands, and kepe him in Prifoun, till that his
Frenefie be overpaft ; think ye, Madame, that the Children do ony Wrang ?
Or, think ye, Madame, that God will be olfendit with thame, that have flay-
ed thair Father to comit Wickednes } It is even fo, faid he, Madame, with
Princes, that wald murther the Children of God, that ar Subjefts unto thame.
Thair blind Zeall is nathing bot a very mad Phrenefie ; and thairtoir to tak
the Sword from thame, to bind thair Hands, and to caft thame in Prifone, tiU
that they be brocht to a more fbber Mynd, is no Difobedience againft Princes,
bot iuft Obedience, becaus that it agreeth with the Will oi God.
At thele Words, the Quene ftude as it wer amafed, more then a Quarter
of ane Hour ; hir Countenance altered, fb that Lord James began to entreat
hir, and to demand, ^ihat hes ofjended yoix^ Madame ? At lenth, fche faid,
Weill then I perceave, that my Subjects fall obey you, and not me; and fall
do quhat they lift, and not quhat I comand : And fb man I be fubjeft to thame,
and not they to me. God forbid, anfwered he, that ever I tak upoun me, to
comand ony to obey me, or yit to fett Subjefts at Liberty to do quhat pleafe«
thame. Bot my Travell is, that both Princes and Subjeftis obey God. And
think not, faid he, Madame, that Wrong is done unto yow, quhen ye ar wiF-
led to be fobjeft unto God : For, h is he that fubje^s the Pepell under Pr'mces,
and caiifes Obedience to be gevin unto thame \ yea, God craves of Kings, That
they be, as it wer, Fofter-fathers to his Kirk, and comands ^enis to be Nnrifchet
unto his Pepell. And this Subjeftioun, Madame, unto God, and unto his trou-
bled Kirk, is the gritteft Dignity that Flefche can get upoun the Face of the
Erthe, for it fall cary thame to everlafting Glory,
Yea, quoth fche, bot ye ar not the Kirk that I will nurifche, I will defend
the Kirk of Rome, for it is, I think, the trew Kirk of God.
Your will, quoth he, Madame, is no Reafbn; nether doth your Thocht
mak that Romane Harlott to be the trew and immaculate Spoufe of Jefus
Chrift. And wonder not, Madame, that I call Rome an Harlott j for that
Kirk is altogidder polluted with all kynd of Spirituall Fornicatioun, alfweill
in Doctrin as in Maners. Yea, Madame, I offer my felf farther to prove.
That the Kirk of the Jews, that crucifyed Chrift Jefus, quhen that they ma-
nifeftly denyed the Sone of God, war not fb far degenerated from the Ordi-
nances and Statutes quhich God gave by Mofes and yiharoH unto his Peple,
as that the Kirk ot Rome is declyned, and more then fyve hundreth Yeirs
hatk
Lib. IV. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 291
hath declyncd from the Purity of that Rcligioun, qiihich the Apoftlcs tacht
and planted.
My Confcicncc, faid fchc, is not Co. Confcicncc, Madame, (aid he, re-
quyrcs Knawlcge ; and I fear that rycht Knawlege ye have nane. Bot, (aid
(che, I have both hard and red. So, Madame, (aid he, did the Jeiics who
crucifyed Chri({ Jcfus, reid both the Law and the Prophets, and hard the
fame interpret after thair Maner. Have ye hard, faid he, any teach bot
fuch as the Paip and the Cardinalls have allowed? And ye may be allured
Tuat fuch will (pcik nathing to oifend thair awn Eikite. Ye intcrprcte the
Scriptures, (aid Iche, in one Maner, and thay in ane uther; Whom fall I
beleve, and quhom fall be Judge? Ye (all beleve,faid he, God that planely
fpcketh in his Word : And farther then the Word teacheth you, ye nether
fall beleve the ane nor the uther. The Word of God is plane in the felf •
and if thair apeir any Obfcurity in ane Place, the Holy Gho(^, quho is never
contrarious to himfelf, explains the (ame more cleirly in uther Places : So
that there can remane no dout, bot unto fick as will remane obllinately ie;.
norant. And now, Madame, faid he, to tak ane of the cheif Points, qubiik
this Day is in Controverfie betwix the Papifts and us ; for Exemple, The Pa-
pi(b allege, and bauldlie have affirmed. That the Mefs is the Ordinance of
God, and the Inititutioun of Jefus Cliri(^, and a Sacrifice for the'quick and
the dead. We deny both the ane and uther, and affirm. That the Mc(s, as
it is now ufit, is nothing bot the Inventioun of Man ; and tharefore it is
ane Abhominatioun bcfoir God, and no Sacryfice that ever he comandit.
Now, Madame, quho fall juge betwix us two thus contending ? It is not
Rea(one that any of the Parties be farther beleved, then they ar abill to
prove by unfufpecff witnefTing: Let thame lay down the Buke of God, and
by the plane Words thareof prove thare Affirmatives, and we fall give unto
thame the Pley granted. Bot (b long as thay ar bawld to affirme, and yit
do prove nothing, we mon fay, That albeit all the Warld beleve thame, yet
beleve thay not God, bot do receave the Lies of Men for the Treuths of
God Quhat our Maifter Chri(l' Jefus did, we know by his awn Evangeli(^es :
Quhat the Pieift doeth at his Me(s, the Warld feeth. Now doth not the
"Word of God planely a(rure us. That Chri(^ Jefus neyther faid, nor yet com-
mandit Mels to be faid at his la(t Supper, feing that no fuch Thing as thair
Mefs is maid mentioun of within the hole Scripture. Ye ar over-fair for me
faid the Quene, bot and if they wer heir quhom I have hard, they wald an-
fwer you. Madame, quoth the uther, wald to God that the learnedelt Papift
in Europe, and he that ye wald beft beleve, wer pre(ent with your Grace to
fu(teyne the Argument ; and that ye wald abyde patiently to heir the Matter
reafoned to the End ; for then, I dout not, Madame, bot that ye fould heir
the Vanity of the Papi(iicall Religioun, and how little Ground it hath within
the W'ord of God. Weall, faid fche, ye may perchance get that foner then
ye beleve. AfTuredly, faid the uther, if ever I gett that in my Lyfe, I gett
it foner then I beleve ; for the ignorant Papift cannot patiently reafon, and
the learned and crafty Papift will never cum in your Audience, Madame, to
have the Ground of thair Religioun fearched out; for they know that they
ar never able to fufteyne ane Argument, except Fyre and Sword, and
thair awn Laws be Judges. So fay ye, quoth the Quene, bot I beleve that
M hath bene fo to this Day. Quoth he, for how oft have the Papif^es in this
and uther Realmes, bene requyred to cum to Conference, and yet could it
D d d d 3 nevar
2^2 The Hi/hrie of the Reformat ioun Lib. IV.
never be obteyned, iinlefs thamefelfis war admitted for Juges. And thare-
fore, Madame, I mon yet fay agane, That they dar never difpur, bot
quhare thamefelfis ar both Juge and Party. And quhenfoever ye ftll lat me
fie the contrary, I fall grant myfelf to have bene deceaved in that Tuynt.
And with this the Quene was called upoun to Dinner, for it was After-
none At departing, J/mie Knox faid unto her, I pray God, Madame, that
ye may be als bliifed withia the Comon-wealrh of Scotland (if it be the Pie-
four of God) as ever Deborah was in the Comon-welth of Ijrael Of this
long Conference, quhareofwe onely twitch a Part, wer dyverfe Opini(.L.ns.
The Papirts grudged, and teired that quhich they ncidit not ; the godly think-
ing at leaft, that fche wald have hard the Preiching, rejoyfed ; bot rhty wer
utterly deceaved, for fche continued in her meffing, and defj^yfed, and quyetly
mocked all Exhortatioun.
Jhone Kuox his awn Jugement, being by fum of his awn Familiars de-
manded quhat he thocht of the Quene. If thair be not in hir (faid he) a
proud Mynd, a crafty Witt, and ane indurat Hairt againftGod and his Tieuth,
my Jugement faileth me.
Quhen the hole Nobility wer convened, the Lords of Privy Counfell wer
chofen, quho wer apoynted the Dukes Grace, the Earles of Hiintelie, Argyhy
Athole^ Mortonn^ Gleucainie^ Merfchell^ Botlmell, hord Er/kine^ Lord Jamesj&iC.
Of thete wer a certane appointed to wait upoun the Court by Cours : Bot
that Ordour continewed not lang.
Duke d'Omall returned with the Galleys to Frame. The Quene entred in
her Progrefle, and in the Moneth of September travelled from Edinburgh to
Lhilythgow., Strheling^ St. Jhonftoun, Dundee^ St. Jndrois ; quhilk all Parts
fche polluted with her Idolatry : Fyre followed her veray comonly in that
Jorney, the Tounes propyned her veray liberally, and thareof wer the French
enriched.
In the begining o^Ofioher fthe returned to Edinburgh, and at the Day ap-
pointed fche was receaved in the Caftle. Grit Preparatiouns wer maid for
her Entres in the Toun, in fercing, m mafking, and uther Prodigalities; Fain
wald Poles have counterfeited France. Quhatfbever mycht (et furth hir Glory,
that fche hard, and glaidly beheld. The Reyes wer delyvered to her be a
pretty Boy, defending, as it wer from a Cloud : The Verfes of her awn
Prayfes fche hard, and fmyled ; bot quhen the Bible was prefented, and the
Prayfe thairof declared, fche began thereat to froune ; for Schame fche culd
not refus it, bot fche did no better, for fche gave it unto the mofl peflilent
Fapifl within the Realme, to wit, to Arthur Erfkin. Edinburgh fince that Day
hes reaped as they few: Thay gave her fbme Tarte of thair Prodigality. Ard
becaus the Liquor was fweit, fche hes licked of that Buite offer then twyie
fince. All Men know quhat we meane j the Quene cannot lack, and the Sub-
jefts have.
In Edinburgh it hath bene an ancient and laudable Cuftome, That the Pro-
voff, Baillies, and Counfell, efter thair Eleflioun, quhilk ufes to be at Michael-
mas, caufes publickly proclame the Statutes and Ordinances of the Toun j and
thairfore Archibald Douglas Provefl, Edward Hop, Adam Fullartoun,
Baillies, caufed proclame, according to the for-
mer Statutes of the Toun, That no Adulterar, no Fornicature, no noted
Drunkard, no Mefmonger, no obflinat Papifl that corrupted the Peple, fuch
as Preif^s, Freirs, and uthers of that Sort, fould be found within the Toun,
within
Lib. IV. of Rcligiotm t?i Scothtld. 2^3
within 4S Hours thairefrer, under the Paynes ccnteincd in the Statutes :
Quhilk blawn in the Quenes Eares, thair began Pryde and Maliciouftes to
fchew the Self; for without farther Cognitioun of the Caus, was the (aid Pro-
voft and Bailyes charged to "Waird in the Caftle, and immediately was Com-
mandement gevin, that uther Provoft and Bailyes (buid be eletSed.
Some gainltode for a quhyle the new Eleftioun, alleging, That the
Provort and Bailyes quhom they had chofen, and to quhom they had geviri
thair Othe, had comitted no Offence quharcfore that juftly they aught to be
depryved. Bot quhill that Charge was doubled upoun Charge, and no Man
found to oppne himfelf to Impiety, Je/uhPs Letter and wicked Will was o-
beyed, as a Law. And Co was Mr. ^bomas M^Cally chofen Provoft for
the uther. The Man, no dout, is both difcrete, and fufficient for that
Chairg-, bot the Depfitioun of the uther was againft all Law. God be mer-
cifull to fum of our awn, for they wer not all blameles, that her wicked
Will was fo far obeyed.
A contrary Prodamatioun was publickly maid, That the Toun (ould be
patent to all the Quenes Leiges. And fa Murtherars, Adulterars, Theves
Hoores, Drunkards, Idolaters, and all Malefaftors gat Proteftioun under the
Quenes Winges, under Colour that thay Wer of hir Religioun. And fo gat
the Devill Freedome agane, quhareas befor he durft not have bene (ene
in Day-lycht upoun the comoun Streates. Z,W ^elyver us frome that Bon*
dage.
The Devill finding his Raines loufe, ran forward in his Courfs, and the
Quene tuk upoun hir gritter Boldnes, then fche, and Baalim's bleating'Preifts
durft have attemptit before j for upoun /lUhallow Day they bendit up thair
Me(s with all mifthievous Solemnity. The Minifters thairat offendit in
plane and publick Place, declared the Inconvenience that thairupoun fbuld en-
(ew. The Nobility wer fufficiently admoni(ched of thair Dewties ; bot Afl
feftioun caufed Men to call that in dout, quharein (chorr befor they feamed
to be maift refolute, to wit, ^hither that the Subje^s mycht put Hatid to fup^
freffe the Idolatrie of thair Prince ? And upoun this Queftiourt convened in the
Hous of Mr. James M^Gi//, the Lord JameSy the Erie of Mortoun, the Erie
Marfchelly Secretary Lethingtoun, the Juftice Clerk, and the foirfaid Mr. James
Clerk of Regifter ; quho all reftbned for the Pairt of the Quene, affirming
'Jhat the SuhjeHs mycht not lawfully tak hir Mefs from her. In the contrare
Jugement wer the principall Minifters, Mr. Jhone Row, Mr. Georg Bay Mr.
Robert Hamiltoun, and "Jhoue Knox, The Reafbns of both Pairties we will
omitt, becaus thay will be explayned efcer, quhare the (aid Queftioun and
uthers Concerning the Obedience dew unto Princes, wer long reflbned in opin
AlTembly : The Conclufioun of that firft Reftoning was, 'That the ^eftisun
foiddhe formed, and Lettres direll to Geneva for the Refolutioun of that Kirk-
quharein Jhone Knox offred his Labours. Bot Secretary Lethingtoun, alleging
That thair ftude mekle in the Informatioun, (aid, That he wald wrytt : Bot
that was only to dryve Tyme, as the Treuth declared the felf The Quenes
Partie urged, That the ^ene fould have bir Religioun free in hir awn Chattel
to do^ fche and hir Houjhald, qithat they lift. The Minifters both affirmed and
voted the contrare, adding. That hir Liberty fould he to thair Thraldotne or
h wer long. Bot nether culd Rea(bn nor Threatning move the Hairts of
(iich as wer creping in Crediit ; and fo did the Votes of the Lords prevale
againft the Minifters.
E e e e Fo|>
2 94 T^^^ Ht/lorie of the RefoTmatioun Lib. IV.
For the Punifchment of the Thin and of Reafe, quhilk had encreffed upoun
the Borders and in the South, from the Quenes Arryvall, was the Lord
fcimn apointed Lieutenent ; lum fufpeded that (uch Honour and Charge pro-
ceidir from the fame Harte and Counlall that SauU miid David C^L^idnQ againrt
x\iQ Pf]irtftines ; hot God aflifted and bowed the Hairts of Men, baith to fear
and obey him ; yea, the Lord Bothwell himfelf at that Tyme affifted hipi,
(bot he had Remiflioun tor Liddifdaill\) (charpe Executioun was in Jedburgh^
for Twenty aucht of ane Clan and uthers wer hanged at that Juftice-courr,
Brvbes Buddes, nor Sollicitatioun, (aved not the Giltie, it he mycht be
apprehendit ; and thairfore God profpered him in that his Integrity : Tliat
fame Tyme the (aid hord James ^ack to the Lord Gray o( England at Kelfo^
for eude Rule to be kept upoun both the Borders, and agreed in all Things.
Before his returning, the Quene upoun a Nycht tuke ane Fray in her
Bed as it Horfemen had bene in the Clofe, and if as the Palace had bene in-
cloied about ; quhither it proceidit from her awn womanly Fantafie, or if
Men pat her in Fear of it, for Difpletbiir of the Erie of Arrane^ and for
uther Furpotes, as for the erecting of the Gaird, we know not ; bot the
Fear was lb gritt, that the Toun was called* to the Watch ; Lord Robert of
Halynidehous, and Jhoiie of Coldinghame keapit the Watch by Courfe j Skouts
wer fent forth, and Centrelles, under the Pane of Deyth, wer comandit to
keap thair Stationes. And yit they feared quhare thare was no Occafioun of
Fear neyther yit culd ever any Appearance or Sufpicioun of fick Things be
tryed.
Schort efter the returning of the Lord James^ there cam from the Quene
of England, Sir Peter Mewtes, with Comiffioun to requyre the Ratificatioun of
the Peace mz'id at Leytb. Her Anfwer was, even fick as we have hard be-
foir that fche behoved to advyfe, and then fche fould fend Anfwer. In
Prefence of hir Counf^ll fche keapit hirfelf very grave (for under the dule
Weid fche culd play the Hypocryte in fiiU Perfeftioun ;) bot how tone that
ever her Frenrb Fillokes, Fidlars, and uthers of that Band, gat the Hous a-
lone, thair mycht be fene ikipping not veray comelie for honefl Wemen ;
her comune Talk was in Secrete, that fche faw nothing in Scotland, bot Gra*
vity, quhilk repugned altogidder to hir Nature, for fche was brochi up in
Joyeufetie ; fo termed fche hir dancing, and uther Things thairto belanging.
The Generall AfTembly of the Kirk approched, baldin in December efter
the Quenes Arryvall, in the quhilk began the Rewlars of the Court to draw
thamefelfis apart from the Society of thair Brethren, and began to fturr and
grudge, That any Thing (buld be confulted upoun, without thair Advyles.
Mr. Jbone JVode, quho befoir had fchawin himfelf very fervent in the Caufe
of God, and forward in geving of his Counfell in all douttull Maters, plane-
ly refufed ever to afTift the AfTembly agane, quhareof many did wonder j
The Courteours drew unto thamefelfis fum of the Lords, and wald not con*
vene with thair Brethren, as befoir they wer accuf^omed, bot keapit thame-
felfis in the Abbey ; The principall Comiffiouners of the Kirk, the Superin-
tendents, and fum Miniflers, pafl unto thame, quhare they wer convened in
the Abbotes Lodging within /ffl/j>'r«<a/'f/&(5Hi J both the Pairties began to opin
thair Greif ; the Lords compleined. That the Minifters drew the Gentilmen
into fecrete, and held Counfels withbut thair Knawlege : The Minifters de-
nyed,Thaf they had done any Thing in fecrete,utherwyfe then the co|noneO^
dour had comanded thame ; and accufed the Lords (the Flatterars of the Quene
we
Lib. IV. of Religioim in Scotland. 29^
we meanj that they keapit not the Conventioun with thair Brethren con-
fidderinp, That they knew tlie Ordour, and that the fame was appoynctd by
thair awn Advyfes, as the Buke of Difcipline fublcryvit with the mailt Pairt
of thair awn Hands wald witnes. Sum began to deny, That ever they knew
fick a Thing as the Buke ofDifcipline : And called alfo in dout, Quhithcr
it was expedient, that fick Conventiouns fbuld be or not: For glaidly wald
theQuene and her Secrete Counfall have had all Aflemblics of the godly dif-
charged. The Rcaloning was fcharp and quyck on eyther Syde : ThtQuenes
Factioun allegit, That it was fufpicious to Princes, that Subje6ts fould aHem-
ble thamefelfis, and keap Conventiouns without their Knawlege. It was an-
(wercdjThat without the Knawlege of the Prince, the Kirk did nothing,f;r the
Prince perfytly underftude, That within this Realme thair was a reformed
Kirk ; and that they had thair Ordours and appoyntcd Tymes of Convtnti-
oun. And fb without Knawlege of the Prince, they did nothing: Vea, faid
Letkingtouv^ the Quene knew, and knowes weill yneuch ; bot the Queftioun is,
Quhither the Quene allowes fick Conventiouns ? It was an(wered,That if the Li-
berty of the Kirk (lude or fbuld ftandupoun theQuenes Allowance or Difallow-
ance,we ar alTuredjnot onely to lack AlTemblies, bot alfb to lack the Liberty of
the publick Preiching of the Evangel ; that affirmative was mocked, and the
contrary affirmed. IVeill, faid the uther, Tyme ixiill try the Ireitth : Bot to
my former Words, this will I add, Tcik from us the Fredotne of JjfemlUss
and icik from us the Evavgell ; for without AjfemWies^ how fall gude Ordour and
Vnity in Do^rine he keapit ? It is not to be fiippofed. That all Minifters are
fa perfyte, bot that they fall neid Admonitioun, alfvvcill concerning Man-
rens as Doftrine : Als it may be, that fum be fo l^iff-nccked, that they
will not pdmitt the Admonitioun of the fimple; as alfb, it may be that Fak
■will be fund with Miniflers without juft Offence comitted : And yit if Or-
dour be not takin, both with the Complenare, and the Perfbns complained
upoun, it cannot be avoyded, bot that many grevous Offenfes fall aryfe;
For Remedy quhareof, of NecefTity it is, that General! AfTemblies mon be*
In the quhilks, the Jugements and Gravity of many may occur, to coreft or
repreffe theFoliesor Erroursof a few. Heirunto confented the mof^ Fairr,
allweill of the Nobility as of the Barounes, and willed the Reafonars for the
Quene to will hir Grace, that if fche ftode in a Sufpicioun of any Thing that
was to be entreated in thair AfTemblies, that it wald pleis hir Grace to fend
fuch as fche wald appoynt, to heir quhatfoever was proponed or reafoned.
Heirefter was the Bulk of Difcipline proponed, and defj'red to have bene
ratifyed be the Quenis Majefty. That was fcripped at, and the Queflioun was
demanded. How many of thofe that fubfcryved that Buke, wald be fubje(Jt un-
to it ? It was anfwered, All the Godly. "Will the Duke, faid Letkmgtoun ?
If he will not anfwered the Lord Uchiltre^ I wald that he wer fcraped out,
not only of that Buke, bot alfb out of our Number and Cumpany ; for to
quhat Purpofe fall Laboures be tane, to put the Kirk in Ordour, and to quhat
End fall Men fubfcrve, and then never mein to keip Word of that quhilk
they promeis ? Letbingtoun anfwered. Many fubfcryved them in fide parentum^
as the Bairnes ar baptifed. One, towit^ Johne Knox znCwered^ Albeit ye think
that Scoffe proper, yit as it is moft untrew, fb it is moft unproper. That
Buke was red in publift Audience, and by the Space of dyverfe Days, the
Heades thareof wer reafbuned, as all that heir fit knaw weill yneuch, and ye
yourfelfis cannot deny ; fo that no Man was rcquyred to fubfcryve that quhilfc
E e e e 2 b«.
2^6 The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
he underftude nor. Stand content, faid one, that Buke will not be obteyned.
Let God, faid the urher, requyre the Lack, quhilk this pure Comoun-wealth
(all have of the Things tharein conteyned, from the Hands ot fick as flop
the (ame.
The Barones perceaving, that the Buke of Difcipline was refufed, prefent-
ed unto the Counfaill certane Artickles, requyring Idolatry fo be fupprefled,
thair Kirks to be planted with trew Minifters, and (bme certane Provifioun to
be maid for thame, according to Equity and Gonfcience ; for unto that Tyme,
the moft Part of the Minifters had lived upon the Benevolence of Men : For
mony had into thair Hands, the Fruftes that . the Bilchopis and uthers of
that Seft had abufed befoir ; and fd fum Part was beftowed upoun the Mi-
nifters.
Bot then the Bifchops began to gripp agane to that quhilk moft injuftly
they called thair awn : For the Erie of Arane was difcharged of Sanft An-
droif and Dumferml'tng^ quharewith befoir, be RefToun of a Faftory, he had
intrometted ; and fo wcr mony uthers. And tharefbre the Barones requyred,
that Ordeur mycht be takin for thair Minifters, or els they wald no more o-
bey the Bifchops, nether yit fuffer ony Thing to be lifted up to thair Ufe, efter
the Quenis Arryvall, then that they did befoir ; for they verily fuppofed, that
the Quenis Majefty wald kepe Promeis maid unto thame ; quhilk was, not to
alter thair Religioun, quhilk could not remane without Minifters, and Mini-
fters could not live without Provifioun: And tharefoir they moft hartely de-
(yred the Counfaill to provyde fum convenient Ordour in that Head. That
(bmequhat moved the Quenis Flatterars; for the Rod of Impiety was not then
ftrenthned in hir and thair Hands. And fo began they to praftife, how they
(buldpleis theQuene,and yit feim fomequhat to fatisfie theFaythfuU ; And fo
devyfed they, that the Kirkmen fould have IntromifTioun with the twa Parts
of thair Benefices, and that the third Part fould be lifted up, by fick Men as
thareto fould be appointed, for (uch Ufes, as in thefe fubfequent Afts ar more
fully exprefTed.
T
Apud Edinburgh^ 20. Decemhrify anno 1/6 1.
'He quhilk Day, for famekle as the Quenis Majefty, be Advyfe of the
_^ Lords of her Secrete Counfaill, forefeing the imminent Trubles, quhilk
appearandly wer to aryfe amongft the Lieges of this Realme, for Maters of
Religioun ; to ftay the famin, and evite all Incomodities that mycht thare-
upoun enfew, intercomoned with a Pairt of the Clergy and State ecclefiafticall,
with quhom then Refoning being had, it was thochc gude and expedient, be
hir Hienes, that ane generall Conventioun fould be appoynted, the i /th Day
of December Inftant, quhareunto the reft of the Eftates mycht have repaired 5
and be the Advyfe of the haill, ane refounable Overture maid, and Ordour
taken for ftaying of the appeiring Truble, and quyetting of the haill Country j
quhilk Conventioun being be hir Majefty appoynted, and fiindry Days of Coun-
faill keipt, and the faid ecclefiafticall Eftate oftymes requyred, that the faid Or-
dour mycht be taken and Overture maid for ftaying of the Truble and quyet-
' ting of the Country. Laft of all, in Frefence of the Quenis Majefty, and Lords
of Counfaill foirfaid, and uthers of the Nobility of this Realme, comperit Jol/ne
Archibifchop of Sanft AndroisyPatrick Bifchop ofMurray,He»ry Bifchop ofRofe
and
Lib. IV. t)f Rcligmn in Scot\2ind. 297
and Robert Bi(chop of DiniheUeu ; and for thamcfelfis refpeHive^ offered unto
the Quenis Majefty, to be content of the twa Parte of the Rents of thair Be.
neficcs, and the third Parte to be employed, as her Majefty thocht expedient
And becaus the Certanty thareof was not known, hor yit quhat Scunies of
Money wald fuftcne the Minirtery, and Miniftcrs of God's "Word within this
Realme, nether yit how nickle was neccflary to fupport the Quenis Majcrty
above hir awn Rent!;, for the comohe Atfaires of the Cijntrey : Tiiarcfbre
it is decerned, concludit and determinar, be the Quenis Majefly, and Lords of
Counfaill forfaid, ahd uthersof the Nobility prcfent, That gif ^he fourth Parte
of the Frutes of the haill Benefices within this Realmc, may be fufficient to
fultene the Miniftcry throuchout this haill Realttic, and fupport the Quenis Ma-
jelty to enter tein and fet ford ward the cohioun Effairs of the Cuntrey fail-
lyeing thareof the thrid Parte of the fiid Frutes or mair, quhill it be' fund
fuflicient to the Effect forfaid, to be taken Up yeirly in Tyme cumin", quhiU
ane generall Ordour be taken thareuntill ; fa mekle thareof to be employed to
the Quenis Majef!y, for enterteining and fetting fordward of the comoiie Ef^
faires of the Cuntrey, and fa mekle thareof unto the Alinifters, and Suflenta-
lioun of the Miniftry, as may refonably fultenc the lame, at the Sicht and
Difcretioun of the Quenis Majef^y and Counlaiil forfaid, and the Excrefcence
and Superplus to be afTigned to the auld PofTeffours. And to the Effei^t that
the Rents and yeirly Avaie of the haill Benefices of this Realme nny be
cleirly knawn to the Quenis Majefty and Counfaill forcfaid, it is f!atut and or-
dainit. That the haill Rentales of the Benefices of this Realme be produced
befoir hir Grace and Lords foirfiid, at the Tyme uhdervVritfen : That is to
(ay, of the Benefices on this Syde of the Nhmh^ the 2 4thDay of 7<7«/wrnixt
to cum, and byond the Month^ the tent of Febniar nixt thairefter. And or-
dains Letters to be direS to the Sheriffs in that Parte, fo pas, charge and re-
quyre all and fundry Archbifchops, Bifchops, Comendators, Abbots and Pryors
on this Syde of the Month perfonally, if they can be apprehended, and failye-
ing thareof, at thair Dwelling-places, Cathedrall Kirks or Abbeys: And all Arch,
denes, Denes, Chantors, Subchantors, Provofis, Parfones, and Vicares, and uther
beneficed Men quhatrumever,thairChalmerlanes OrFaftors perfonally, or at thair
Dwelling-places, or at the Paroch Kirks quhare they fuld remane to exhibit
and produce, befoir the Quenis Majefty and Lords foirfaid, the faid* 24th Day of
Januar nixt to come, the juf^ and trew Rentales of the Avails and Rents of
thair Benefices, to the Effeft forfaid : And to charge the Prelatfj and the u-
ther beneficed Men, on the yond Syde of the Mouthy in Maner refpe^he fo'in
faid, to exhibit and produce the juft and trew Rentales of thair Benefices
befoir the Quenis Majel^y and Lords foirfaid, the faid tent Day of Felruar, to'
the Effeft fuirfaid ; with Certificatioun to thame that failyeis, the Quenis
Grace and Counfaill will proceid heirin as accords. And ficklykc, to charge
the haill Superintendents, Minif^ers, Elders and Decons of the principall touns
and Shyres of this Realme, to give in befoir the Quenis Grace rod Lords of
Counfaill foirfaid, the faid 24th Day of January nixt to curri, ane formaJe and
fufficient Role and Memoriall, quhat may be fufficient and relTonable to fuf^ene
the Minifh-y, and the hole Minif^ers of this Realme, that hir Majefly, and
Lords of Counfaill foirfaid, may tak Ordour thareuntill, as accords. And far-
ther, That the Quenis Majefly, and the Lords of Counfaill foirfaid, may ryply
and diligently wey and confidder, quhat neceflary Support is requyred to be
F f ^ f taiken
2^8 The Hiflorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. IV,
taiken yeirly of the Fruites of the faids Benefices f by hir Grace awn yeirly
Rent ) and to intertene and fet forward the comone Affaires of this Realme,
aeainft the (aid 24th Day of Jamiar nixt to cum, that then it may be pro-
ceidit in the (aid Matter, all Parties fktisfyed, and the haill Cuntrey and Lieges
thareof fett at Quyetnes.
Apud Linlythguo.^.Januariif anno ij6i.
FOrfamekle as the Quenls Majefty, with the Advyfe of the Lords of hir
Secrete Coun{ailI,dire6led hir Letters comandingall and fundry Archbif
chops, Bi(chops,Abbots,&<r. and all uther beneficed Men, their Fa6iors,Fermorars,
and Takifmen, to cpmpeir befoir hir Hienes, and Lords foir(aid, at Edin-
burgh, or quhare it (all happin thame to be for the Tyme, (a many as dwellis
upoun this Syde of the Month, the 24th Day of Jamar Inflant ; and thame
that dwellis beyond the Month^ the tent Day of Februar nixt to cum, that the
juft Availl of thair Benefices may be knawn ; fa that thairefter hir Grace
may tak Ordour for the Suftentatioun of the Mini(try of the Kirk, and of the
publift Bufines of the Realme. And becaus the Quenis Majefty is prefently oc-
cupyed with uther Effairs, and may not hirfelf attend upoun the Receat of the
(aid Rentales: Tharefoir hir Hienes hes gevin and granted, and be thir Pre-
(entis givis and grantis, full Power and Comiffioun, to Mr. James M^Gill of
Rankellour Nether, Clerk of Regifler, Sir Johne Belkndene of Auchmneull Knycht,
Tuflice Clerk, to the Segretare, Thefaurare, Advocat, and Laird of PittarrOj
to call befoir thame, within the Tolbuthe of Edinbughe, all and (undry, Pre-
latis and beneficed Men, quhilk ar charged, be Vertew of the (aids Letters,
now prefently being in Edinburghe, or (all happin heirefter to repair thairto,
thair Favours and Fermorars j and thair inquyre of thame the Rentalls of
thair Benefices, and receave the (amin fra thame, to the Effeft fbirfaid. And
ficklik, that the feids ComiiTionours caus warne all Superintendents, Miniflers,
Elders and Deacons, to give unto thame the Names of the haill Mini(^ers of
this Realme, that the juft Calculatioun being maid, and confidered be the (aids
ComifTioners, of the Availl of the (aids Benefices, they may report the (ame
unto the Quenis Majefty, that hir Hienes may tak Ordour tharein, according
to the juft Tenpur of the firft Ordinance maid thareupoun.
Apud Edinburgh, 12. Februar it i;6i,
EOrfamekle as, be Statute and Ordinance maid be the Quenis Majefty, and
Lords of Secrete Coun(aill, and hir Hienes Letters direft thareupoun,
id fundry Archbifchops, Bi(chops, Abbots, &(. and uther beneficed Men,
wer charged, to produce the Rentales of thair Benefices befoir her Majefty,
and Lords foirfaid, in Maner following ; That is to (ay, the (aids beneficed
Men, dwelling on this Syde of the Month, the 24th of Januar laft bypaft,
and one the uther Syde of the Month, the loth of Februar IrAznt, to the EG.
feci, that Ordour mycht be tane tharein, conform to the (aid Ordinance, with
Certificatioun to thame, and they failyit, the Quenis Majefty, and Coun(aiII
foirfaid, wald tak Ordour tharein, as the (aid Ordinance beares. Notwith-
ftanding of the quhilk, the Quenis Majefty and Counfaill, and uthers appointed
be hir, for receaving the faid Rentales, have continually, fen the (aid 24th
Day of Jdmarti forfaid, awaited upoun the reflaving of thame j yit a very
fmaM
L I B. IV. of Keligioun in Scotland. 2^^
fmall Number of thame hcs produced thair Rentales, contemnand rharethrow,
not only hir Grace's Ordinance and Proclamatioun foirfaid, bot alfo hirfllf and
hir Authority, as they wer Princes and not Subjefts, exprcs againft Equity, Rcfl
foun and Jurtice : For Remedy quhareof the Quenis Majcfty, with Advyfe
of hir Secrete Counlaill, ordains, that FaiSors and Chalmerlanes be appoynted
to intromet with, gather, uplift and re(ave, to our Severane Ladies Ule, all and
fundry Mailes, Fermes, Teines, Rents, Provents, Emoluments, Caines, Pro-
feits and Dewries of quhatfumever Benefices, quhareof the Rentales ar not
produced, conforme to the faid Ordinance. And if ony Rentales els produced
beires not the juft Availl, bot is fraudulently maid, to intromett and uptak
6 raekle of the Profits and Frutes of the faids Benefices, as ar omitted furth
of the faids Rentales, and the Ingivers of the Rentales, and PoffefTours of the
Benefices thareof, fall never have Aftioun to dame, crave or receave fra the
Tennends and Occupyers, farther then is conteined within the faids Rentales
els produced be thame ; and the Tennends and PofTefTours fall be haldin to pay
oa more, then is conteyned in the famin Rentales els produced, as faid is.
And that the faid Chalmerlanes and Factors to be appoynted be the Quenis
Majefty, fall have fufficient Power to intromett and uptak the Fruites and Pro-
feits foirfaid, ficklyk as gif fpeciall Letters of Faflory and Chalmerlanry
wer granted to thame thareupoun. And ordains the Lords of SefTion to diredl
furth Letters, at the faid Factors and Chalmerlanes Inftances, eyther of Horning
or Poynding, as fall be thocht expedient, for caufjng of thame to be anfwer-
ed, of the Fruites of the faid Benefices, to be fwrthcumand to the Quenis
Majeflies Behufe, quhill farther Ordour be takin thareuntill.
Apud EJmburgumy i/. Februarii 1/6 1.
Fr famekle as the Quenis Majefly, be the Advyfe of the Lords of hir
Secrete Counfaill, and uthers dyvers of the Nobility had of befoir, u-
poun the 2 2d Day o^ December \z&. bypaft, ordaint, That if the fourt Fart of
che Fruites and Rentis of all the Benefices within this Realme, wer not fufl
ficient for the Support of hir Majefty, and uther particular Charges under writ-
ten,necefrare to be borne for the Weill of the Cuntrey; then the thrid of the faids
Fruites mair or les, fould be takin up to the Effeft foirfaids. Attour ordainit
Lettres to be direft, charging all and fundry beneficed Men, on this Syde of
the Monthy to produce thair Rentales, upoun the 24th Day of Jamtar laft by-
paft ; And the tent Day of Fehrmry Inftant was prefixed be the faids Letters,
for inbrixiging of all Rentales of the Benefices beyond the Month ; with Certifi-
catioun, to thos quho producit not the (aid Rentales,at the Days foirfaid rejfe.live,
the Quenis Majefty and hir Counfaill wald provyde Remedy : According to the
quhilk Certificatioun, hir Hienes, with Advyfe of hir Counfaill foirfaid, hes
ordainit, that they quha hes not producit thair Rentales, haill and full In-
tromifTioun fall be had of thair Fruites be thame, quhom hir Majefty fall di-
reft thareto : And quha have not gevin thair juft Rentales, quhatfumever
Pairt omitted furth of thair faid Rentales, fall be intrometted with in Jyk
Maner. And farther, having confulted ryply, and diligently advyfed upoun
the comoun Affaires and NecefTities concerning the Quenis Majefty, and
Charges to be borne, for the Comoun-weill of the Realme, and Suftentatioun
of the Preacheours and Readars, conforme to the faid Ordinance maid thare-
upoun of befoir, hes findin and declared the haill third Pairt of all Benefices
F f f f 2 of
300 The Hi/lorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. IV.
of the ouhilks the Rentales ar produced, to be takin up b| the Perfbne or
Perfones, to be nominat be hir Majefty. And to begin upoun this laft Crop
in the Yeir of God 1/61 Yeirs, the lamin to be employed to the Effeft foir-
iaid: Togidder with the haill Frutes of the Benefices, quhareof the Rentales
ar not producit ; and alfb, all that is omitted of the Rentales produced. And
that Ordour be direct be the Quenis Majefty, to the Lords of Sefiioun, that the
auld Poflefliburs may be anfwered of the remanent Frutes of the (aid Benefices j
provyding that the thrid Fairt foirfaid be full and haill takin up, be the Per-
fones to be deput to the Uptaking thareof : And this Ordour to continevv^and
ftand ay and quhill farther Ordour be takin be the Quenis Majefty, with the
Advyfe of the Eftates. Mairover hir Hienes, be the Advyfe of her Hienes
Counlaill foirfaid, hes ftatute and ordainit, that Annuells, Mailes, andDewties
within frie Burrowes and uther Tounes of this Realme, alfweill perteining
to Chaplanries, Prebendaries, as to Friars, togidder with the Rents of the
Fryars Lands, quhairever they be, fetting and difponning thareupoun, be in-
trometted with, and uptakin be fick as hir Grace fall depute thareto ; for em-
ploying of the fame be hir Hienes, to Hofpitales, Schooles, and uther godly
Ufes, as fall feme beft to hir Hienes, with Advyfe of hir Counfaill; And
I\nawing, That nothing is more comodious for the foirfaid Hofpitality, thert
the Places of Freirs, as ar yit undemolifched : And as to the interteining of
Schooles, Colledges, and uther Ufes foirlaid, ordains the Proveifts and Bailyeis
of Jncrc/ei?e, Elgin in Murray, Iimernet, Glafgow, and uther Borrowes in this
•Realme, quhare the famin ar not demolifched, to intertene and uphald the
• (aids Friars Places ftanding in the faids Touns, upoun the Comoun Guds thare-
of and to ufe the famin to the Comounweill, and Service of the faids Touns,
ay and quhill the Quenis Majefty be farther advyfed, and tak finall Ordour in
fick Things, notwithftandingof ony uther Gift, Tytle or Entres gevin to quhaf-
fumever Perfones of the faids Places, with thair Yairds, Orchards and Perti-
nents, be our Soverane Lady of befoir.
The Lords of Secrete Counfall quho wer prefent at voiting and making of
thir foirfaid A6ts, wer James Duke of Chattellanmh, George Erie of Hunilie,
JrchibaU Erie of ylrgyle, IVilliaw Erie of Mercklly Jhone Erie of Aiholl, WiU
Ham Erie of Montr oifs, James Erie of Mortoun, AJemnder Erie of GlencairtiCy
James Comendatar of^ San6l Androis, Jhone Lord Er/liiiy the Thefaurare, the
Clerk of Regifter, the Juftice Clerk, the Secretare and ComptroUare.
After the firft Aft, the Erie of Hnntl'ie faid ']e^m^}\Gud Day, my Lords of the
twa Part. The hole Rentales being gatliered, the Soume of the Thrid, ac-
cording to thair awn Calculatioun, was fund to extend to
The Minifters even in the begining in publi<?i Sermons opponed thame-
felfis to fick Corruptioun, for they foirfaw the Purpeis of the Devill, and cleir-
ly underftude the Butt quhareat the Quene and her Flatterars fchott. And Co
in the Stoole of Edinburgh Johne Knox faid, JVeall, if the End of this Ordour ^
pretendit to he takin for S'uftentatioun of the Minifters, be happie, : my Jugement
failes me ; for I am ajfured, I'hat the Spirit of God is not the Author of it, for
firft, I fie twa Pairts freelie gevin to the Devill, and the thrid mon be devyded be-
tmx God and the Devill : Weill, faid he, bear "Witnes to me, that this
Day I fay it. Or it be long the Devill fall have thrie Pairts of the Third ;
and juge you thert, quhat God's Portioun falJ be. This was an unfavorie
Saying in the Eares of many. Some efchamed not to affirme, The Minifters
being
Lib. IV. of Religiotm in Scotland. 301
being fufteyned^ the ^ene will not gett at the Tens End to hy hir a Pair of ne-ju
Stloes. And this wes Sccrecare Lethingioim.
Thair war appoynted to modifie the Minifters Stipendis, the Eries yir<'ylc
Murray and Mortouu^ Lethingtoun^ Juftice Clerk, and Clerk of Regiftcr. The
Laird ot /V/rf/To, was appoynted to pay the Minifters Stipends, according; to
th.iir Modificatioun. Quho wald have thocht, that quhen Jojeph reulled in E-
gypty his Brethren (buld have traveUit for Viftuales, and have returned with
emptie Sackts unto thair Families ; Men wald rather have thocht ihac F/a-
roes pofe, Treflor, and Garnells fuld have bene diminilched ere that the
Houfchoid o{ Jacob (buld ftand in Danger to ftarve for Hunger.
Bot fo bufie and circumfpeft wer the Modificators f becaus it was a new
Office the Terme moft aifo be new) that the Minifters (buld not be Ch'er-
wantoun, that an hundreih Merks was fufficient to an fingle Man, being a
comone Minifter : Thre hundredth Merks was the hieft that was' apoynted
to any, except the Superintendents, and a few utheris ; fchortly, quhither it
was the Nigardnes of thair awn Hairts, or the Care that they had to inrich
the Quene, we know not, bot the pure Minifteris, Readers and Exhor-
tars, cryed out to the Heavens fas thair Complaints in all Aircmblics do wit"
nes) that neyther wer they abill to live upoun the Stipends appo3nted nev-
ther culd they get Payment of that fmall Thing quhilk was appoynted (b
faine wald the Comtroller have played the gude Vallet, and have fatisfved
the Quene, or els his awn Profite in every Point, that he got thisDiftion and
Proverb, 'the gude Laird of Vetarro wes an erneft Frofefour of'Cbift^ hot the me-
kill Devdl receave the Comtroller^ for he and his Colleclours ar heame gredie Fe^our
To put an End to this unpleafant Mater ; quhen the Brethreis complaynecj
of ihair Povertie, it was difdanefullie anfwered of fbme, Thair ar nionie
L'lirds that have not (a mekle to fpend. Quhen Men did realbn that theVo
caaoun ofMinifters craved of thame, Buikes, Quyetnes, Studie, and Travel!
to tdify the Kirk of Chrift Jefus, quhen manie Lairds wer waiting upoun
tiiair vvarldlie Bufines; and thairfore that the Stipends of Minifters quho had
ho uther Indi.ftrie, bot to live upoun that quhilk was appoynted, 'aucht not
to be moditycd according to the living of uther comone Men,' quho mycht
and did daylie augment thair Rents by fum uther Induftrie. Quhen fick Rea-
fons war layed befoir thame, thay gat none uther anfwer, bot, the Quene'
can fpare none gritter Soumes. Oft was it cryed in thair Ears', 0 happie Ser^
*uands oj the D evilly and mi fer able Servands of Jefits Chrift, ^f ^fter this Lyf thair
vjer not Hell and Heav'-n : For to the SerVands of the Devill, to your dum
Dogges, and horned Bifchops ; to one of thofe ydill Bellies, 'l fay, ten thou-
fand was not yneuch, bot to the Servands of Chrift, that painfully 'preich his
Evangcll, a thoufand Pound ; how can that be fufteyned ?
One Day in reafoning of this Mater, the Secretare bruft out in a Peace of
his Choler, and faid, The Minifters have this much payed unto thame by
yeir,and quho yet ever bad theQuene grand Mercies for it ? Was thair ever a
Minifter that gave Thanks to God for hir Majefties Liberality towards thame?
One fmyled, and anfwered ; aftiiredly, I think, that fuche as receave any
Thing gratis of the Quene, ar unthankfull if they acknawlege it not, both in
Hairt and Mouth : Bot quhither the Minifters be of that rank or not I gritly
dout. Gratis \ am aflured they receave nothing, and quhither they 'receave
any Thing at all of the Quene, wyfe Men may reafone. I am aftured that
neyther thrid nor twa Fairt ever apperteined to any of hir Predeceffors within
^ S S S this
2 02 ^rhe Htftorie of the Reformatioun Li b. IV.
this Realme rhefe thoufand Yeirs bypaft, neyther yet lies the Quene better
Tytle to that quhilk fche ufurps, be it in giving to uthers, or in taking to hir-
felf then fuch as crucifyed Chrift Jefus had to devyde his Garments amongft
thame. And if the Treuth may be fpokin, fche hes not fo glide Tytle as they
had for fuch Spoyle ufe to be the Reward of fuch Men. And in that
Poynt thofe Souldeors wer more gentile then the Quene and hir Flatterars,
for they pairted not the Garments of our Maifter, till that he himlelf was
hung upoun the Croce ; bot fche and hir Flatterars do pairt the Spoyle, quhill
as yet pure Chrift is preiching amongft us. Bot the Wifdome of our God
taketh Tryall of us by this Meane, knowing weal! yneuch quhat fche and hir
Faftioun hes purpofed to do. Let the Fapifts, quho have the two Pairts,
feme that have thair Thrids fl'ee, and fum that have gottin Abbacies, and
few Liinds, thank the Quene, and fing, Placebo Dom'me^ the pure Preachers
■will not yet fl:itrer, for feiding of thair Bellies, Thefe Words wer juged
proud and intolerable, and ingendered no fmall Difplefor to the Speaker.
This we put in Memory, that the Pofteritys to cum may know that God
once maid his Treuth to triumph ; bot becaus fum of ourfelves delyted more
in Darknes, then in Lycht, God hes reftraned our Fredome, and put the hole
Body in Bondage, yea, the gritteft Flatterars have not efchaped fo free as they
fuppoled, yea, the latter Plagues appear yet to be wors then the firft. Be
mercijidl to lis, 0 Lord, and entreat us not according to our Defervings, hot luik
thow to the Equity of the Cans, quhilk thou hes put in our Hands, and fiiffer not
Iniquitie to opprefje thy Treuth, for thy awn Names Sake, 0 Lord.
In this mean Ty me, to wit, in Februar ij6i, was Lord James, firft maid
Erie ot Murray, and then marryed upoun Jgnes Keyth, Dochter to the Erie
Mar/hall. The Marriage was publi6l in the Kirk of Edinburgh ; in the Mar-
riage they both gat ane Admonitioun to behave thamefelfis moderately in all
Things: For faid the Prechar to him, unto this Day hes the Kirk of God
re(aved Comfort by you, and by your Labors. In the quhilk, ifheirefter ye
fall be fund faintare than that ye wer befoir, it will be ^id, that your Wyfe
hes changit your Nature.
The Gritnes of the Bankett, and the Vanity uflt thairat, offendit many
godly ; thare began the malking, quhilk from Yeir to Yeir hes continewed
fince. Mr. Randolph, Agent for the Quene ot England was then, and fume-
tyme etter in no fmall Conceat with our Quene : For his Maiftrefs Saik,
fche drank to him aneCupe of Gold, quhilk he poffefTit with gritter Joy,
for the Favor of the Gevar, then of the Gift, and Valew thairof^ and yet it
•was honorabill.
The Things that then wer in handling betwix the two Quenes, quhairof
hethingtoun, Secretare Cicill, and Mr. Randolph^ wer Minifters, wer of gritt
Wecht, as we will efter heir.
This Winter the Erie Bothwell, the Marquefs d'Albuf, and Lord Jhone of
Coldinghame playit the Ryote in Edinburgh, mifordoured the hole Toune,
brak Cuthbert Ramfays Yetts and Dures, focht his Houfe for his Gude-dochter
Alifone Craik. And this was done in deipyt of the Erie of Arrane, quhofe
Hoore the faid Alifone was fufpeftit to have bene. The Horrour of this Faft,
and the Rarity of it hiely comoved all godly Hairts. The AfTembly, and
alio the Nobility, fijr the maift Pairt wer in the Toun ; and ^o they concludit
to crave Juftice, as that they did, as by this fubfequent Supplicatioun does
appeare.
To
Lib. IV. of Kcltgioun />/ Scotland. 303
To the ^(eiies MiijeCtie, and hir fecrete and grit Coiwfall^ hir Graces fuyth full and
obedient Subje^fi^ the Frofeffours of Chrift Jejus^ his holie Evangill^ 'joifch the
Spirit of rychteous Jiigement.
THe Feare of God conccaved of his holie Word, the naturall and un-
feaned Love we beare unto your Grace, the Dewtie quhilk we aw
unto the Quyetnes of our Cuntrey, and the tcrribill Threatninc;s quhilk our
G' d pronunces againfl every Rcalme and Cicry, in the quhilk horribill
Crynies ar comitted oppinly, and then be the Comitters obftinatly defended,
compell us, a grit Pairt of your Subjefts, humhe to crave of your Grace, up-
rycht and trew Jugement againft fick Perfbnes as have done, quhat in thame
ly, to kendle God's Wrath againit this hole Rcalme. The Impiety be thame
comitted is fo heynous, and Co horribill, that as it is a Faft moft vyie and
rare to be hard of within this Rcalme, and principally within the Rowells
of this Ciety j fo fbuid we think ourfelvcs gilcy in the fame, if negligently,
or yit for warldly Fear, we pas it over with Silence ; and thairfore your
Grace may not think that we require any Thing (quhill that we crave oppin
Mnlefaftours condingly to be punifched) bot that quhilk God hes comandit
us to crave, and alio hes comandit your Grace to give to every ane of your
Subjeds ; for be this Link God hes knitt togidder the Prince and the Peple,
that as he comands Honour, Fear and Obedience to be gevin to the Powers
ellablifched be him ; (o doeth he in expreflc Words comand and declare quhat
the Prince aweth unto the Subjefts, to w/7, that as he is the Miniller of God,
bearing the Sword for Vengance to be rakin on Evilldoers, and for the De-
fence of peacible and quyet Men ; fo aucht he to draw the fame without
Partiality, fo oft as in God's Name he is requyred thairto. Seing Co it is,
JMadame, that this Cryme, fo recently comitted, and that in the Eyes of
your hole Realme now prefently aflembled, is (b heynous (for quho heirto-
fore hes hard within the Bowells of jB^/W'Wij/', Yettes and Dures under Si-
lence of Nicht bruft up, Houfes ryped, and that with Hoffility, feaking a
Woman, as apneareth, to opprelfe hir) feing, we fay, that this Cryme is fo
heynous, that all godly Men fear not only Goddis fore Difplefour to fall up-
oun you and your hole Realme, bot alfo that fick Liberty breads Contempt,
and in the end Seditioun, if Remedie in Tyme be not provydif, quhilk in
our Jugement is impoffibill, if levere Punifchment be not executed for the
Cryme comitted. Thairfore we maift humlie befeich your Grace, that all
Affef^ioun fett afyde, you declare yourfelf fb uprycht in this Cafe, that )e
may give evident Demonfiratioun to all your Subje^s, that the Fear ofGod, joyn-
ed with the Love of comoun Tranquility, hes principal! Seat and Dominioun in
your Graces Hart. This farther, Madame, of Confcience we fpeik, that as your
Grace in God's Name does crave of us Obedience ( quhilk to rander in all
Things lawful I, we ax moft willing) fb in the fam Name do we, the hole
ProfefTours of Chryfl's Evangell, within this your Graces Realme, crave of
yow, and ot your Counfaill, fcharp Punifchment of this Cryme, and for Per-
formance thareof, that without all Delay, the principal! Af^ours of this mofl
heynous Cryme, and the Perfewars of this pretendit Villany, may be called
befoir the cheif Juftice of this Realme to fuffer ane Affyfe, and to be punifch-
ed according to the Lawes of the fame. Your Graces Anfwer maift humbly
we befeich.
G g g g 2 Thi«
304 The Hi/iorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
This Supplicatioun was prefented by divers Gentilmen. The Flatterars of
the Court at the firft ftormed, and adced, ^iho durft avow it ? To quhom
the Maifter, now Lord Lindefay^ anfwered, A thoujand Gentilmen •within Edin-
burfth. Uthers wer efchamed to oppone thamefelfis thareto in public^; bot
they fubordned the Quene to give a gentil Anfwer unto fick Tyme, as the
Conventioun was diflblved. And lo fthe did ; for fche lacks no Cfaft, both to
clocke and mantene Impiety, and Horedom in fpeciall. Sche alledged, Ihat
lir Uncle was a Stranger^ and that he had a young Cumpany ; lot fche fuU put
fick Ordour unto him^ and unto all uthers^ that heirefter they fuld have no Occa-
fioun to complene. And (b deludit fche the juft Petitioun of hir Subjects : " And
no "Wonder, for how (all (che punifch in uthers that Vice, quhilk in France is
free without Punifchment ? And quhilk Kings andCardinalls ufe moft comonly,
as the Mafk and Dauncing of Orleance can witnes ; qiiharein Virgines and
Menis Wyfes wer maid als comone to Km^Harie and Charles^ the Cardinalls,
and to thair Court and Pages, as comone Harlots of the Bordell ar unto
thair Companiouns. The Maner was thus : At the Entry of King Harie of
France intheTounof Or/e^«rf,the MatroneSjVirgines and Menis Wyfis wer Co-
mandit to prefent thamefelfis in the Kingis Palace at Night to dance : And they
obeyed • for comonly the Frenche Natioun is not hard to be intreated to Vani-
ty. Efter Fidling and Flinging, and quhen theCardinall of Lorane had efpy-
ed his Pray, he ^id to the King, Sire le primiere eft vofire, et fault que je foy le
fecond: That is, <S/r, the firft Choice is yours^ and I man be the fecund. And
fb the King got the Preheminence, that he had his firft Eleftioun. Bot be-
caus Cardinalls ar Companiouns to Kings, the Cardinall had the nixf. And
thairefter the Torches wer put out, and every Man comandit to provyde for
himfelf the beft he mycht. Quhat Cry was thare of Hufbands for thair Wyfis,
of Wyfis for thair Hufbands, of ancient Matrons for thair Dochters, and of Vir-
eines for Freinds, or for fome honeft Men, to defend thair Pudicity, Orleance
will remember mo Kings Days then one. This horrible Villany ( a Frute of
the Cardinall of Loranes Religioun ) we fchortly tuich, to let the Warld un-
derfland, quhat Subjefts may luke of fick Magiftrates : For fuch Paftyme to
thame is bot Joyeufity, quharein our Quene was brocht up. We call her not
ane Hore ( albeit hir Dame hard more then we will wrytr ) bot fche was
brocht up in the Cumpany of the vylelt Horemongers ( yea of fick as no
more regaird Inceft, then honefl Men regaird the Cumpany of thair lawfull
Wyfis ) In the Cumpany of fick Men, we fay, was our Quene brocht up.
Quhat fche was and is hirfelf befl knoweth, and God, we dout not, will far-
ther declare. Bot Punifchment of that Enormity and fearfull Attemptat we
culd get none ; Bot more and more they preflimed to do Violence, and fi-e-
quented nychtly Mafkings. Some {as Rohine Crages Hous, becaus hisDochter
was fair J delyted tharein; Uthers lamented, and began to bear the Mater
very heavily. At lenth the Lord Duke's Freinds afTemblit upoun ane
Nycht upoun the Calfey. The Abbot of Kilwinning^ quho then was joyned to'
the Kirk, and fo, as we underftand, yit abydeth, was the principal! Man at
the Beginning. To him repaired mony Faythfull ; and amongft uthers cam
Andrew Stewart Lord Uchiltrie ( a Man rather borne to mak Peace, then to
brag upoun the Calfey ) and demanded the Quarrell ; and being informed of
the former Enormity, faid, Nay^ fick Impiety fall not be fuffered^ fa long as God
fall ajfift us : The Vi^ory that God in his Mercj hes gevin us, we will hj his Grace
mantene.
Lib. IV. of Rciigiomi in Scothnd. 30$
mantene. And fo he comandit h.\s Sone Aiiciro Strju^irt, rhcn Mailk'r and his
Servands, to put thamefellis in Ordour, and to bring turth thair Speares and
lang Weapouns j and fo did uthcrs. The Word cam to the Eric BotL-juelt
and his, that the Hwiniltoiinef wer upoun the Strcat. Vows vver rhaid
I'hat tbt' Haumiltounes fouU be dting^ not onely out of the I'omi^ hot a/fo out of th
Ciintrey. Lord Jol-tie oi CoUii/ghine had maryit the (aid Erie /Bothjvel/u Silhr (r
fufficient Woman for fick a Man) Allyance drew the Lord Kohrt, and lb they
joynit both with the (aid Erie of Botb'juell. Bor the Stoutncs of the Marques h Beut
(d' Alhiif they call him ) is mo(t to be comendit ; for in his Chalmer, withia
the Abbey, he liirted to ane Halbarr, and ten Men wcr fcarcc able to hald
him : Bot as Hap was the Inncr-yet of the Abbay keipit him that
Nycht ; and the Danger was betwene the Croce and the Salt Trone •
and (b he was a large Quarter of a Myle from the Schott and fklenting
of Boltes. The Mailter ot Max-xell ( thairefter maid Lord Hcre'is) gave De-
clarafioun to the Erie Bot/:-x;ell, That if he Jieiiit forth of his Liu-ignig^ he and
all that wald afift him jottU rejift him in the Eice. Quhofe Words did fum-
quhat beat down that Blaft. The Eries of Murray and Himtlie, being in
the Abbey quhere the Marques was, cam with thair Cumpanies fcnt from
the Quene, to (tay that Tumult, as that they did • for Bothvsell and his wer
comanded, under Pane of Treafbun, to keip thair Lodging,
It was quhifpered of mony, that the Erie of Murrafs Difpefbur w^as a\C-
mekle fbcht, as ony Hatrent that the Hamnillounx bare againft the Erie of
Bothwellj or yit he againft thame. And in very deid, eyther had the Duke
very fals Servands, or els by Huntley and the HauDiiltoiws, the Erie of Mur-
rafs Deith was ofter confpyred then once ; the Sufpicioun quharcof braft
forth fo far, that upoun a Day the faid Erie, being upoun Horfe to have cum
to the Sermone, was charged, by one of the Dukis awn Servands, to returne and
abyd with the Quene. the Brute thareof (pred over all. Quhat Ground it had
we cannot fay : Bot fchort thairefter, the Duk and fbme of the Lords con!
venit at Glafgow ; thair Condufioun was not knawn. The Erie of Arane
cam to Edinburgh^ quhare the Erie Both-well lay. The Quene and the Court
wer depairted to Fyfe^ and remainit fometymes in Sanft Aidrois, and fbme-
tymes in Falkland.
The Erie ol Botlrjiell, by the Mcanes of James Borone, Surges and
then Merchant of Edinburgh, defyred to fpeik with Johiie Knox fecretly ;
quhilk the faid Johne glaidly granted, and fpak with him upoun a Nycht firf^,
in the faid James Ludging, and thairefter in his awn Study. The Soume of
ail thair Comunicatioun, and Conference was. The faid Lord lamented his
former inordinat Lyfe; and efpecially that he was provocked by the Entyfe-
ments of the Quene Regent, to do that quhilk he fore repented, ai(weill a-
gainft the Lairde of Ormiftoun, quhofe Elude was fpilt, albeit not in his De-
fault: Bot his cheif Dolour was, that he had mifbchaved himfelf againfl the
Erie of Arram, quhofe Favor he was mofl willing to redeme, if pofTible it
wer, that fo he mjcht : And defired the faid Johne to give him his
beft Counfaill ; For, faid he, if I mycht have my Lord Jrranes Fa-
vours, I wald awaite upoun the Court with a Page, and fum few Servands,
to fpair my Expenfes, quhair now I am compelled to keip, for my awn SaiP
ty, a Number of wicked and unprofitable Men, to the utter Deflrufiioun of
my Living that is left. To the quhilk the faid Johne anfwered, My Lord,
wald to God, that in me wer Counfaill or Judgement, that mycht comfort and
H h h h releve
30^ The Hijlorie of the Refortmitioun Lib. IV.
releve yow; for albeit, that to this Hour it hes not chanced me, to fpeik
with your Lordfchip Face to Face, yit have I borne a gude Mynd to your
Hous • and have bene Tory at my Hart of the Trubles, that I have hard yow
to be involved in ; for, my Lord, my Great grandfather, Gudelchir and Fa-
ther have fervif your Lordfchip's PredeceflTours, and (bme oi thame have dyed
under their Standards j and this is a Pairt of the Obligatioun of our Scottifch
Rindnes • bot this is not the cheif. Bot as God hes maid me his publift
MelTenger of glaid Tydings, fb is my Will earneft, that all Men may em-
brace it quhilk perfytly they cannot, fo lang as that thare remaneth in thame
Rancour, Malice or Jinvy. I am very fory, that ye have gevin Occafioun
unto Men to be offended with yow. Bot I am more fbry,th3t ye have offended
the Majefty of God, quho by fick Meanes oft punifches rhe uther Sinnes of
Men : And tharefoir rriy Counfall is, That ye begin at God, with quhom if
•will enter in perfyt Reconciliatioun, I dout not bot he fall bow the Hairts of
Men ro forget all Otfences, And as for me, if ye will continew in Godli-
nes your Lordfchip fall comand me as bauldly, as ony that ierves your Lord-
(chip. The faid Lord defyred him, that he wald attempt the Erie of Ar-
ranes Mynd if he wald be content to accept of him in his Favours ; quhilk he
promifed to do. And fo earneftly he travellit in that Mater, that it was once
brocht to fuch ane End, as all the Faythfull prayfed Gcd for fick an Agre-
ment. The gritteft Stay ftude upoun the Satisfafiioun of the Laird of Onni-
Jiomt, quho befyd his former Hurt, as is befoir declarit, was even at that Tyme
of the Comuning, perfewed be the laid Erie Bothzvell, and his Sone Mr. Jlex-
ander Cockburne takin be him, and caryed with him to Borthwick; bot gently
cneuch fent back agane. That new Truble fo gritly difpleifed Johie Kuox^
that he almoft gave over farther travelling for Amity. Bot yit upoun the Ex-
cufe of the faid Erie, and upoun the Declaratioun of his Mynd, he re-entred
in Labours : And fo brocht it to pas, that the Laird of Ormifioun referred his
Satisfaflioun in all Things to the Judgements of the Erles of Arrane and Mur-
ray, quhom to the faid Eric fubmitted himfelf in that Head : And thareupon
deiyvered his Hand Writt ; and fo was convoyed, by eertane of his Frinds,
to the Ludging of the Kirk of field, quhare the Erie of Arra»e was with his
Freinds, and the faid Johns Knox with him, to bear Witnes and Teftificatioua
of the End of the Agrement. As the faid JErle of Both-well entred at the Chal-
mer Dore, and wald have done thofe Honours, that Freinds had appoynted
(Mr. Gavoin Haum'dtoim, Abbot of JQlwinniug, and the Laird of Ri chart oun
wer the cheif Freinds that comuned. ) The faid Erie of Arrane gently paffit
unto him, embraced him, jmd faid, If the Hart be iiprycht, few Ceremonies may
ferve and content me. The faid Johne Knos^ in Audience of thame both, and
of thair Freinds, faid, New, my Lords, God hes brocht yow togidder, by the La-
tours of fimple Men^ v\.refpeH of fick as ivald have travellit tharein. I knawmy
Labours ar already tatte in am eJll Pairt : Bot becaus I have the I'eftimony of a
gude Confcience befoir my God, that quhatfoever I have done, it is in his Fear, for the
Profile of yow both, for the Hurt of none, and for Tranquility of this Realme:
Seing tharefoir that my Confcience learethe Witnes unto me, quhati have focht, arid
continually feik, I the more patiently bear the Mifreports andwrangous Judgements
'x)f Men. And now I leave yow in Peace, and defires yow quho ar the Freinds, 't<>
jiudy that Amitie may increfs, all former Offences being foryett. The Freinds one
eyther Pairty embraced uther; and the two Erles departed to ane Windo, and
talked by thamefelfis familiarly ane reflbnable Space. And thairefter the firte
Botbwell
Lib. IV. of Rcligioun in Scotland. 307
^o^fa;?// departed for that Nycht,and iipoun the nixtDay in the Morning return-
ed, with (ome ot his honcit Freinds, and came to the Scrmone withthe Eric
forfaid, quhareat mony rcjoyled. Bot God had an uthcr Work to worke, tlien
the Eyes of Men could efpy.
The Thunfday next they dynit togidder ; and thairefter the faid Erie
BalrxtUy and Mr. Qrjjnt Hatimiltotm^ raid to my Lord Dukes Grace, quho
then was in Kmnall, Quhat Comunicstioun was bctwix thamc, it is not cer'-
tanely knawin ; bor by the Report quhilk the (aid Erie of Anmie maid to
the Quene<5 Grace,and unto the Erie of M/trray,by his Wrytings ; for upoun the
Fri<:^i}y the tort Day eftcr thair Reconciliatioun,the Sermon being endit,the faid
Erie nt'Arr^nf cam to the Hoiis of the faid Jo/.w Kiwx^ and brocht with him
Mr. Richard Strang^ and Mr. J/exaur/er Guthre^ to quhom he had oppined
the Greif of his Mynde befoir that Johns Knox was called ; for he was ocCupy-
ed, as comonely he ufit to be eftcr his Sermone, in directing of Wrytings :
Quhilk endit, the faid Erie called the thre togider, and faid, I am trefon-
ably betrayed, and with thcfe Words began to weip. Jobie Ktios dcmandir,
my Lord, quho hath betrayed you ? A Judas or uthcr, faid he, bot I know
it is bot my Lyf that is focht ; I regard it not. The uther faid, my Lord, I
underihnd n^t fuch dark maner of fpeiking ; if I fill give you any Anfwer
ye mon fpeik more plane. Weill, faid he, I tak you thre to Witnes That
I oppin this unto you, and I will wryt it unto the Quene : Ane Aft of
Treafoun is layed to my Charge. The Erie Both-well hes fcnawin to me iif
Counfaill, that he fall tak the Quene and put hir in my Hands in the Caftle
of Duttil-artatie ; and that he fall flay the Erie of Murray, Leth'mgtoun, and u-
thers that now mifgyde her, and fo fall I and he reull all. Bot I know this is
devyfed to accufe me of Treafoun ; for I know that he will informe the Quene
of it: But I tak you to witnes, That I oppin it heir to yow : And I will
pas incontinent, and wryt to the Quenes Mijeflie, and unto my Brother the
Erie of Murray. Johne Knox dcmandit, Did ye confcnt, my Lord, to any
Pairt of that Treafoun .? He anfwered. Nay. Then, (aid he, in my Juge-
ment, his Words, albeit they wer fpokin, can never be Treafoun to you -
for the Performance of the Fafl depends upoun your Will, quhareunto ye fay
ye have difTaffented ; and fb fall that Purpois evanifch and die by the Self
unles that ye waikin it ; for it is not to be fuppofed, That he will accuis you
of that quhilk he himfelf hes devyfed, and quhareunto ye wald not ccnfenr.
O, faid he, ye underf^and not quhat Craft is ufit againft me : It is Trea-
foun to conceale Treafoun. My Lord, faid he, Trealbn mon import Confenc
and Determinatioun, of the quhilks I hear upoun neyther of your Pairts :
And thairfore, my Lord, in my Jugement, it fall be mor fure, and more
honourabill to you, to depend updn your awn Innocency, and to abyde
the injufl Accufatioun of ane uther (\f any follow thairon, as I think
thair fall not) then ye to accufe, efpecially efter Co lait Reconciliarioun, and
have non uther Witnefs bot your awin Affirmatioun. I know, faid he,
that he will offer the Combatt unto me, bot that wald not be fuffcred in
France: Bot I will do that quhilk I have purpofed. And fo he departed,
and tuk with him to his Luging the faids Alexander Guthre., and Mr. Richard
Strang^ from quhence was dyted and written ane Letter to the Quenes Maje-
ftie, according to the former Purpois. Quhilk Letter was directed with all
Diligence unt© hir Majeftie, quho then was in Falkland. The Erie himfelf
raid efter to Kimieill to his Father the Dukes Grace ; how he wes entreated,
H h h h 2 Yfe
308 The Hillorie of the Keformatioun Lib. IV,
we have bot the comone Brute. Bot from thence he wrott a Letter with
his awn Hand in Cyphers to the Erie of Murray^ complayning upoun his ri-
gorous Handling and Treatment by his awn Father and by his Freinds. And
' affirmed farther, That he feared his Lyfe, in cafe that he gat not fuddane Re-
(kevv. Bot thareupoun he remaned nor, bot brak the Chalmer quharein he
was putt, and with grit Fane paft to Stnveling, and from thence he was con-
voyed to the Hall-yardes, quhare he was kept till that the Erie of Murray
cam unto him, and convoyed him to the Quene, then being in FalkIaiid^<iuho
then was (ufficiently inftrufted of the hole Matter ; and upoun Sufpicioun con-
ceaved, had caufed apprehend Mr. Gavin Haumiltoim and the Erie Botbzoell
foirfaid, quho knowing nothing of the former Advertifements, cam to Falk-
land, quhilk augmented the former Sufpicioun. Bot yet the Letters of Johfe
Knox made all Things to be ufit mor circumfpeftly, for he did planely fore-
warne the Erie of Murray, that he efpyed the Erie of Arrane to be ftricken
with Fhrenefie, and thairfore willed not overgrit Credit to be gevin unto his
Words and Inventiouns. And as he advertised, fo it cam to pas, for within
few Dayes his Sicknes encreffed; he devy(ed of wonderous Signes that he faw
in the Heavin ; he alleged that he was bewitched, he wald have bene in the
Quenes Bed, and affirmed that he was hir Houlband ; and fynalie, he be-
haved himfelf in all Things fo folifchlie, that his Fhrenefie culd not be hid.
And yet wer the fiids Erie Bothwell and Mr. Gawin Abbot of Kilwinning
keapit in theCaftle of St. Androis^ and conveined befoir the Coun(all with
the faid Erie of Arrane^ quho ever ftude firme, that the Erie Bothwell pro-
poned to him fick Things as he adverteifed the Quenes Grace of; bot ftiflie
denyed that his Father, the faid Abbot, or his Freinds knew ony Thing thair-
of eyther yet that they intendit any Violence againft him ; bot allegit that
he was enchanted, fo to think and wrytt. Quhareat the Quene, hiely offen-
ded, comitted him to Prifone with the uther two, firft in the Caftle of St. An-
drois ; and thairefter caufit thame to be convoyed to the Caftle of Edinburgh ;
James Stewart of Cardonnsally called Capitane J^wfj, was evill bruited of, for
the rigorous Entreatment that he fchewed to the (aid Erie in his Seiknes, be-
ing apointed Reapar unto him.
To confult upoun thefe Accufatiouns, the hole Counfaill was aflembled at
Sanft Androis, the i8th Day of y^/ry/^- ijdsYeirs. In quhilk it was con-
cluded. That, in Confideratioun of the former Sufpicioun, the Dukes Grace
(buld rander to the Quene the Caftell of Dumhartane \ the Cuftody quhareof
was granted unto him by Appoyntment, till that lawfull Succeffioun fould be
fene of the Quenis Body : Bot Will prevailed againft Reflbun and Promeis,
and fo was the faid Caftell delyvered to Captane Anftruther, as having Power
fra the Quene and Coun(aill to reccave it.
Things ordoured in Fyfe^ the Quene returned to Edinkirghy and then began
Dancing to grow hot, for her Friends began to triumph in France. The
Certanty heirof cam to the Eares of Johne Knox : For thare wer fom that
fchewit to him, from Tyme to Tyme, the Eftate of Things ; and amongft u.
thers he was aflured, that the Quene had danced exceflively titl efter Mid-
nycht, becaus that fche had receaved Letters, that Ferfecutioun was begun a-.
gane in France, and that her Uncles wer beginning to fteir thair Taills, and to
tfuble the hole Realme of France.
Upoun Occafioun of this Text, And now underftand, 0 ye Kings, and he
learned ye that judge tht Eirth : He began to tax the Ignorance, the Vanity, and
the
Lib. IV. of Rcligioun ifi Scot\Q.nd. 309
the Defpyr ot Princes againft all Vertevv, and againft all thofe in quhoni
Hatrcnt of Vice and Love of Vcrtew appeared. The Report heirof maid
unto the Qucne, the laid Joh/e Knox was (ent for. Mr. Alexander Cockburne
quho befoir had bene his Scholar, and then was very familiar with him
was the MefT^nger, quho gave him fbmc Knawlcdge, both of the Report
and of the Reportars. The Quene was in her Eed-chaimer, and with her,
befydes the Ladies and comone Servands, war the Lord Janies^ the Eile of
Mortoiin, Secretary Leikirgioiin^ and fum of the Gaird, that had maid the Re-
port. He was «alltdandaccufed,asone that had irreverently fpok in of the Quene;
and that travellit to bring her unto Hafrent and Contempt of the Ptple ; and
that he had extendit the Bounds of his Text : And upoun thefe three Heads,
maid the Quene hirfelf a lang Harang or Oratioun 3 quhareto the Ciidjohiie
anfwercd as followes.
Madame, this is oftentymes the jufl Recompence, quhilk God geveS
to the Stubborne of the "Warld, that becaus they will not heir God fpeik-
ing to the Comfort of the Penitent, and for Amendement of the Wicked
they ar oft compellit to heir the fals Reports of uthers to thair gritter Dif-
plefour. I dout not bot that it came to the Eares of prude Herode, that
cur Maifter Chrift Jeliis called him a Fox: Bot they tauld him not how o-
dit us a Thing it was befoir God, to muther ane Innocent, as he had laitly
dene befoir, cauflng to behead Jolme the Baptift, to reward the Dancing of
ane Harlot's Dauditer. Madame, if the Reportars of my "Words h?d bene
hoicft Men, they wald have reported my Words, and the Circumftances of
the fame. Bot becaus they wald have Credite in Cctirt, and lackin<^ Vertcw
worthy ihareor, they man have Ibmequhat to plefure your Majefly, if ir wer
bot Flattery and Lies. Bot fick Plefure ( if ony your Grace taik in fuch
Perfcnes ) will turne to your everlaf^ing Difplefure : For, Madame, if your
av.n Eares had hard the hole Matter, that I entreated; if thare be unto yow
cny Sparcke of the Spirit of God, yea, of Honefiy and Wifdome, ye could
not jiiftly have bene offended with ony Thing that I fpak. And becaus yow
have hard thair Reporte, pleis your Grace to heir myfelf reherls the fame
fj neir as Memory will fervc ( It was even upoun the nixt Day efterthat the Ser'
mune was maid. ) My Text, faid he, Madame, was this, And now, O Kinps
tmaerftand, be learned, ye Judges of the E'lrth. After, Madame, faid he, that
I had declared the Dignity of Kings and Reulars, the Honour quhareunro
God hes placed thame, the Obedience that is dew unto thamc, being God's
Lieutennents ; I demanded this Queflioun. Bot O alace,quhat Account fall the
maifl Parte of the Princes mak befoir that Supreme Judge, quhofe Throne and
Authority, they fb manifeftly and fchamefully abufe } That the Complaint of
Solomon \s this Day moft trew, to wit, That yioknce and Opfrefwun do occu-
py the Throne of God heir in this Earth : For quhill that Murtherars, blude
thirf^y Men, Oppreflburs and MalefacSours dar be bauld to prefent thame-
felfis befoir Kings and Princes, and the pure San6ls of God ar banifched and
exyltd, quhat fall we fay, bat that the Devill hes takin PolTefr.oun in the
Throne of God, quhilk aucht to be feirfull to all wicked Doers, and a Refuge
to the Innocent opprefTed ? And how can it utherways be.? For Princes
will not underf^and, they will not be learned, as God comands thame. Bot
Gcd's Law they defpyfe, his Statutes and holy Ordinances they will rot un-
derftand ; for in fydling and flinging they ar more exercyfed, then in reading
-orheiriflg of God's moft bleflfed Word, and Fydlars and Flatterars (quhilk
I i i i ,0^
310 The Hillorie of the Reformatioun Lib- IV.
com onely corrupt the Youth ) ar more precious in thar Eies, than Men of
"Wilclome and Gravity, quho by holefome Admonitioun mycht beat down in-
to thame fome Part of that Vanity and Pryde, quhareunto all ar borne, bot
in Princes tak depe Rute and Strenth by wicked Educatioun. And of Dan-
cing, Madame, I fiid^ That albeit in Scripture, I find no Prayfe of it, and in
prophane Wryters, tiiat it is termed theGefture rather of thole that ar mad
and in Phrenefie, then of fober Men ; yit do I not utterly damne it, provyd-
ine that two Vyces be avoyded. The former^ That the principall Vncatioun
of thofe that ule that Exercife be not neglefted, for the Plelure of Dancing.
Secimdhy That they dance not, as the Philill'mes thair Fathers, for the Plefure
that they tak in the Difplelure of God's Peple: For if ony or both they do,
as they fall receave the Reward of Dancers (and that will be to drink m
Hell unles they fpedily repent ) fo fall God fume thair Mirth into luddane
Sorow : For God will not always afflift his Peple, nether yit will he always
wink at the Tyranny of Tyrannes. If ony Man, Madame, faid he, will fay,
That I fpak more, let him prefently accufe me ; for I think, I have pot only
twiched the Soum, bot the very Words as I (pak thame. Many that ftude by
bare Witnes with him, that he had recyted the very Words thaj publicly he
fpak.
The Quene luiked about to fome of the Reportars, and faid. Your Word^
ar fcharpe yneuch, as ye have fpokin thame j bot yit they wer tauld to me ip
ane uther Maner. I knaw, (aid (che, that my Uncles and ye ar not of one Re-
ligioun ; and tharefoir I cannot blame you albeit you have no gude Opinioun
of thame : Bot if ye hear ony Thing of myfelf that miflykes yow, come to my-
felf and tell me, and I fall hear you. Madame, quoth he, I am aflured,
that your Uncles ar Enemies to God, and unto his Sone Jefus Chrift; and that
for Mantenance of thair awn Pdmpe and warldly Glory, they fpare not to
fpill the Elude of raony Innocents : And tharefore I am aflured, that thair
Interpryfes fall have no better Succefle, then uthers have had, that befoir thame
have done as they do now. Bot as to your awn Perfbnage, Madame, I waldl
be glaid to do all that I culd to your Graces Contentment, provyding that I
exceid not the Boundes of my Vocatioun. I am called, Madame, to ane pu-
blic Funftioun, within the Kirk of God, and am appoynted by God to rebuke
theSinnes and Vyces of all. I am not appoynted to cum to every Man in par-
ticulare, to fchew him his Offence ; for that Labour wer infinir. If your
Grace pleis to frequent the publid Sermones, then dout I not, bot that ye fl||
fully underftand, both quhat I lyk and quhat I miflyk, alfweill in yourMajeftv
as in all uthers. Or, if your Grace will affigne unto me a certane Day and
Hour,quhen it will pleis you to hear the Forme and Subflance of Doctrine, quhilk
is proponed in publid to the Kirks- of this Realme, I will mofl: glaidly awaite
upoun your Graces Plefure, Tyme and Place : Bot to cum to wait upoun
your Chalmer Dore or elfquhair, and then to have no farther Liberty, hot to
quhifper my Mynd. in your Graces Eares, or to tell you quhat uthers think
and fpeik of yow, nether will my Confcience, nor the Vocatioun, quhareunto
God hes callit me, fuffer it: For albeit, at your Graces Comandement, I
am heir now ; yit can I not tell quhat uther Men fall judge of me, that at this
Tyme of Day am abfent from ray Buke, and waitting upoun the Court. ¥e
will not alwayes, faid fche, be at. your Buke j and fo turned her Back. And
the faid Johne depairted, with a reflbunable mirry Countenance; quhareat
fbme Papilles offended, faid,.//^ is not afrayde. Quhilk hard of him, he an-
• fwered.
Lib. IV. of Religioiiu m Scotland. 311
fwered, ^id-y JoiiLi the plefwg Face of a Genii/ jcoman nfiviy me? I Lne ltiil:e<^
in the Faces of tnoiiy angry Men, and yit have not bene affrayeJ above Meafom.
And lb It ft he rhe Quene and the Luurt, for thatTyme.
In this mean Tyme, the Negotiatioun was grit betvvix the Quene of England
and our Sovtrane. Letters, Currioiirs and Fofics ran very frtqiicnt { grit
Brute was thare cf the Interview and Meting of the two Qiienis at Fork and
fome Preparatioun was maid tharefoir in both Realmes. Bot that failed upct-n
the Pairt i-f Digland, and tliat be Occafloiin of the Trubles moved in France
C as was alledged ) quhilk caufed the Quene and hir Coun'.aill attend upoun
.the fouth Pairtsof England^ for avoyding of Inconveniencies.
That Somcr cam thare ane AmbafTadour from the Ring of Sueden, rcquy-
ring Mariage of our Soverane to his Maif^er the King. His Intertenement
was honourable ; bot his Petitiouns lyked our Quene nothing; for flck a Man
was to bafe for hir Efbte ; for had nor Iche bene grit Quene of France ?
"By oi Sviaden ! Quhat is it? Bot happy was the Man that of flck a one
■was forfaiken. And yit fche refuiied not one, far inferiour to a verteous
King.
The Erie of Levenox and his Wife wer comitted to the Tour of Londone
for Trafique with Papiftes, The young Laird of Bar was a Travellare in that
BuHncs, and was apprehendit with fbme Letters, quhilk war the Caus of his
and thair Truble.
The Erie of Murray maid a privie Raid to Haiv'tck^ upoun the Fair-day
thairof, and apprehendit fiftie Theaves, of quhilk Number wer 17 drowned
uthers w-er executed in Jedhirgh, the principalis wer brocht to Edinburgh
and thair fufTered, according to thair Merits upoun the Biirrtm muir.
The Quene was nothing content of the Profperity and gude Succeffe that
Cod gave to the Erie o\' Murray in all his Interpryfes, for fche hated his up-
rycht dealing, and the Image of God that evidently did appear into him j bot
at that Tyme fche could not weill have bene ferved without him.
The AfTembly of the Kirk at Midfomer the 24th of June anno 1^61^ ap-
proched, in the quhilk wer manie notable Heads entreated concerning gude
Ordour to be keapt in the Kirk, for the Papifles, and the Idolatry of the
Quene began to truble the former gude Ordour ; fome Minifters, lyk as Mr.
Jobne Scbarpe, had left thair Charges, and cnfred into uther Vocatiouns, more
profitable for the Bellie, againfl quhom wer A(Rs maid, althoch to this Day
they have not bene put inExecutioun.
The Tenour of the Supplicatioun red in oppin Audience, and approved
by the hole AfTembly to be prefented to the Quenes Majefly, was this,
I0 the ^tenes Majefiie, and hir mofi honorable Prhie Counfaill, The Superin-
tendents and Minifters of the Evangel! of Jefus Chrift ixithtn this Realme, to-
gidder with the Cotni (fionar s of the bole Kirks ^ defyre Giace and Peace, from
God the Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, with the Spirit of rychteous Judge-
ment.
HAving in Mynd that fearfull Sentence, pronunced by the Eremall God,
againft the "Watchmen that fee the Sworde of God's Punifchment ap-
proche, and do not in plane Words forewarne the Peple, yea, the Princes
and Rewlars that they may repent, we cannot bot fignifie unto your Hienes
and CounfaiJJ, that the State of this Realme is fick for this prefent, that un-
I i i i 2 les
312 Tfe Hi/iorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
les Redrefs and Remedie be fchortly provyded, that God's Hand cannot long
fpair in his Angre, to ftryke the Head and the Taill ; the inobedient Prince
and finfull Peple : For as God is unchangeable and trew, Co moft he punifch
in thefe our Dayes, the grevous Sinnes quhilk befoir we reid, he hes punifch-
ed in all x\ges, efter that he hes long called for Repentance, and none is
Tchawn. And that your Grace and Counfall may underftand quhat be the
Things we defyre to be reformed, we will begin at that quhilk we aflured-
ly know to be the Fontane and Spring oi all uther Evills that now abound in
thisRealme, /o w/V, That Idoll and Baftard Service of God, theMels, the Fon-
tane, we call if, of all Impietie, not only becaus manie tak Bauldnes to Sin,
by realbne of that Opinioun quhilk they have conceaved of that Idoll, to -wit.
That by the Vertew of it they get RemifTioun of thair Sinnes, bot alfo becaus
that under the Culor of the Meft, ar Hoores, Adulterars, Drunkards, Blafphe*
mars ot God, of his holie Word and Sacraments, and fick uther maniteft Male-
faftours, mainteyned and defended ; for let any Mefs-layer or erneft Manteyn-
er thairof be deprehended in any of the forenamed Crymes, na Executioun
can be had, for all is done in Hatrent of his Religioun, and (b ar wicked
Men permitted to live wickedlie, clocked and defended by that odious Idoll.
Bot fuppofing that the Mefs wer Occafioun of na fick Evills, yet in the felf it
is fb odious in God's Freftns, that we cannot ceas with all Inftance to defyre
the removing of the fame, alfweill from your felf as from all uthers within
this Reahne ; tacking Heavin and Eirth, yea, and your awn Conftience to
record, that the obftinat Manteynance of that Idoll, fall in the End be to you,
Deftru^tioun of Saull and Body.
If your Majefty demand, Quhy that now we ar more erneft then we have
bene heirtofore ? We anfwer four former Silence no wayes excuifed^ be-
caus we find us fruflrat of our Hope and Expe6tatioun ; quhilk was. That irt
ProcefTe of Tyme your Graces Hart fbuld have bene mollifyed, fb far, as that
ye wald have hard the publift Doftrine taught within this Realme j by the
quhilk, our farther Hope was, that God's Halie Spirit fbuld fb have moved
your Hairt, that ye wald have fuffered your Religioun (quhilk before God is
nothing bot Abhominatioun and VanitieJ to have bene tryed by the trew
Tuich-ftane, the written Word of God j and that your Grace finding it to
have no Ground nor Foundatioun in the fame, fiild have gevin that Glory
unto God : That ye wald have prefered his Treuth unto your awn precon-
ceaved vane Opinioun, of quhat Antiquitie that ever it hes bene, Quhareof
we in a Pairt now difcharged, can no longar keape Silence, unles we wald
mak our felfis criminall befoir God of your Blude, perifching in your awn I*
niquitie ; for we planely admonifche you of the Dangers to cum.
The ftcound that we requyre, is, Punifchment of horibill Vices, fick as ar
Adultery, Foraicatioun, oppin Horedome, Blafphemy, Contempt of God, of
his Word and Sacraments; quhilks in this Realme, for lack of Punifchment,
do even now fa abound, that Sin is reputed to be no Sin. And thairfbre, as
that we fee the prefent Signes of God's Wrayth now manifeftly appear, fb do
we forewarnc, that he will ftryke, or it be long, if his Law without Punifch-
ment be permitted thus manifefWy to be contemned. If any objeft. That
Punifchments cannot be commanded to be executed without a Parliament ;
we anfwer, That the eternall God in his Parliament hes pronunced Death to
be the Punifchment for Adulterie, and for Blafnhemie. Quhofe Afts if ye
put not to Executioun (feing that Kings ar but his Lieutentients, having no
Power
IB. IV. oj Rcligictm in Scotland. 313
Power to give Lyfe, quharc he comands Dtath) as that l.e will rcpiifc you,
and all uthcrs that foftcr Vice, Patrons of Impietic, lb will he not fail! to
punilch yuu for neglcctins; of his Judgements.
Our thrid Requelt conccrnes the Pure, quho be of thre Sorts. The pure
Laborars of the Ground, the pure deiblate Beggars, Orphclins, Widowes and
Strangcars; and the pure Miniliers ot Chrirt Jelus his holie Evangell, quhilk
all ar lb cruelly entreated by this laft pretended Ordour takin for Suftentati-
oun of Miniliers, that thair letter Miery far furmounteth the fcrmer ; for
now the pure Laborars of the Ground ai fo oprelled by the Cruelty of thole
that pay thair Thrid, that thay for the moli Fairt advance upn ti.e Pure,
quhatlbever they pay to the Quene, or to any uther. As for the very indi-
gent and pure, to quhom God comandes a Suftentatioun to be provyded of
the Teyndes, they ar lb defpyfed, that it is a wonder that the Sone giveth
Lycht and Heat unto the Earth, quhare God's Name is fo frequently called
upoun, and no Mercy ^according to his ComandementsJ fchawin to his
Creatures. And as for the Minifters, thair Livings ar fo appnynted, that the
molt Fairt fall live bot a Beggars Lyfe : And all cumeth of that Impiety,
that the ydle Bellies of Chrilts Enemies, mon be fed in thair former Deli-
cacy. We dar not conceill fi-om your Grace and Honours our Confoience,
quhilk is this. That neyther by the Law of God, neyther yet by qny jult
Law ol Man, is any Thing dew unto thame, quho now moft cruelly do ex-
a«ft of the Pure and Riche, the two Pairts of thair Benefices, as they call
thame. And thairfore we moft humilly requyre, That fome uther Ordour
be takin with thame, nor that they be let up agane to impyre above the
Pcple of God, eyther yet above any Subject within thisRealme; for we fear
that fick Uiurpatioun to thair formare State, be nether in the End pleafing
to tham^-lelves, nor profitable to thame that wald place thame in that Ty-
rany. If any think that a competent Living is to be afligncd to thame. we
repugne not, prcvyded that the Labourars of the Ground be not opprelled,
the Pure be not utterly negleded, and the Minifters of the Word fo foharp-
ly entreated as now they ar. And fynalie. That thole ydle Bellies^ quho
by Law can crave nothing, fall confeli, that they rcccave thair Suftcntaticun,
not of Debt, bot as of Benevolence. Our humble Requcft is thairfore, That
fome fuddane Ordour maybe takin, that the pure Labourars may find fomeRe-
lief, and that in every Parochin fome Portioun of the Teynds may be afligned
to the Suftentatioun of the Pure within the lame : And lykuyie that fum
publift Releif may be provyded for the Pure within Broughis, that Collcftcrs
may be appoynted to gather; and that fchairpCountes may be takin, alfweill
of thair Receat, as of thair Delyverance. The farther Confideratiuun to be
had to our Minifters, we fum Pairt remitt to your Wilclomes, and unto thair
particular Complaints.
Our fourt Petitioun is for the Manfe yairds and Gleibs juftly apperteining to
the Minifters, without the quhilk it is impolTible unto thame qujetly to lerve
thair Charges ; and thairfore we defyre that Ordour be takin thairinto without
Delay.
Our fyft concernes the Inobedience of certane wicked Ferfores, qiho not
only truble, and have trubled Minifters within thair Frr.fiiciTS, bet alio dil^
obey the Superintendents in thair Vifitaticun : Quhareof we htn-blie crave
Remedy ; quhilk we do not fa mekle for any Fear that we and our Minifters
have of the Fapiftes, bot for the Love we bear to the ccmone Tranquillity.
R k k k For
514. The Hiflorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. IV.
for this we cannot hyd from yolir Majeftie and Counfaill, Thait if fhe Pa-
pifts think to triumpii quhare they may, and to do quhat they lift, quhare
thair is not a Pairtie able to refift thame, that fum will think, That the
godly raon begin quhare they left, quho heirtofore have borne all Things
patiently, in hope that Lawes fuld have brydled the Wicked ; quhareof, if
they be fruftrat (albeit that nothing be more odious to thame then Tumults
and domefticall Difcords) yet will Men tempt the uttermoft, betoir that in
thair awn Eyes they behold that Hous of God demolifched, quhilk with Tra-
veil and Danger God hath within this Realme ere^ed by thame.
Laft we defyre, That fick as have receaved Remiflioun of thair Thriddes^
be compelled to (uftene the Minifteris within thair Boundes,or els we forwame
your Grace and Counfaill, that we feir, That the Peple fall retene the hole
in thair Hands, untill fick Tyme as thair Minifters be fufficiently provyded.
We farder defyre the Kirks to be repared, according to an Aft feft forth by
the Lords ot the Secrete Counfaill, betor your Majefties Arryvall in this Cun-
trey : That Juges be appoynred to hear the Caufes of Divorcement ; for the
R.irk can no longer fuftene that Burthen, efpecialie, becaus thair is no Pu-
nifchment for the Offendars : That Sayers and Hearars of Mefs, Prophaners
of the Sacraments ; fick as have entered into Benefices be the Paipes Bulles,
and fick uther Tranlgreflbrs of the Law maid at your Graces Arryvall within
this Realme, may be feverely punifched ; for els Men will think that thair
is no Treuth ment in making of fick Lawes, Farther we maift humely de-
lyre of your Grace and Honorabill Counfaill, a refolute Anfwer to every ane
of the Heades forewritten,that the fame being knawn, we may fumquhat (atis-
fie fick as be grevoufly offended at manifeft Iniquity now mainteyned, at Op-
prelTtoun, under Pretext of Law, done againft the Purej and at the rebellious
Dilbbedience of many wicked Perfons againft God's Word, and holy Ordi-
nance.
God the Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, Co reull your Hairtes, and di-
re6l your Grace and Counfaills Jugements by the Dytament and Illuminatioun
of his Holie Spirit, that ye may anfwer fb, as that your Confciences may be
abfolved in the Prefence of that rychteous Juge, the Lord Jefus ; and then
we dout not bot ye yourlelVes fall find Fehcity, and this pure Realme, that
lang hes bene oppreflfed by wicked Men, fall injoy Tranquillitie and Reft,
with the trew Knowlege of God.
Thefe Things red in publift AfTemblie, as faid is, wer approved of all : And
fbme wifched, that more Scharpnes had bene ufed, becaus that the Tyme fo
craved. Bot the Minions of the Court, and Secretary Lethhigtoun above uthefs,
culd not abyde fick hard Speiking ; for quhoever faw it written ( faid he ) to
a Prince, 'that God ixald Ctryke the Head and the Taill : That if Pafiftes did
quhat they lift^ Men laald legin quhare they left. Bot above all uthers that Was
moft offenfive, that the Quene was accufed, as that fche wald rayfe upPapifts
and Papiftry agane. To put that in th. Feples Heades, was rw les then Trea-
fbun : For, Othes wer maid, that fche never ment fick Things. To quhom
it was anfwered. That the Prophet Efaias ufed fick Maner ot fpeiking, and
it was no doubt bot that he was weill acquainted in the Court ; for it was
fuppofed, that he was of the King's Stock. Bot howfbever it was, his Words
ipak maniteflj that he ^ak to the Court and Gourteours^ to Jut^es, Ladie%
frincei
IB. IV. of Rt!igtou?j in Scotland. 315
Princes and Priefts : And yet, ikys he, Tl-e Lord Jail cm a-xay the Head and
tke Taill, to. And (o faid the firft VVrytar, I find that fick Phrafe was once ufed
before us. And it" this oftcn<l you, that we fliy, Men mon hg'm qulruare they
/f//, in cafe Papith do as they do ; we wald defj're >'0U to reach us, not fJ
mekie how we (aH fpeilc, hot rather quhat we (aH do, qubcn our Minifters
ar ftricken, our Superintendents dKobeyed, and a plane Rcbtllioun decreed a-
gainrt all gudc Ordour. Complene (aid I^tN»xioun. Quhom to ? laid the u-
ther. To the Quenis Majefty, ftid the uther. How lang (all we do Co ? quoth
the hole. Till that ye get Remedy, faid the Juffice Clerk : Give me thair
Names and I (all give you Letters. If the Scheip, faid one, fall complene
to the Wolf, that the Wolfcs and Qiihelps have devoure.l thair Lambs, the Com-
pieiner may ftand in Danger, bot the Oi^endar, we fear, fall have Liberty to
hunt efttr his Pray. Sick Comparifones, (aid Lethhigtom^ ar very unfavory :
For I am afliired, that the Quene will ncythcr ere(5^, nor yet manteyne Papif^-
ry. Let your Afl'urance, faid ane uther, (erve yourfelf, bot it cannot aflijre us: For
hir manifdt Proceidingis Ipeakethe the contrary. Efcer fick taunting Re(bning on
both the Sydes, the Multitude concluded, that the Supplicatioun, as it was
Conce-;ved, fuld be prefented, unles that the Secretary wald forme one more
agreable to the prefent NecefTiry. He promi(ed to keip the Subftance of ours,
b:n he wald ufe uther Terms, and afk Things in a mair gentill Maner. The
fir(^ Wrytar anlwered, That he ferved the Kirk at thair Comandemcnt, and
was contented, that in his Diftament fuld Men u(e the Liberty that be(^ pleaf
ed thame, provyded that he wer not compelled to (libfcryve to the Flattery of
fick, PS -^orc rrgairdtd the Perfones of Men and Women, then the fimplg
Treuth oi Ciod. And (b was this former Supplicatioun gevin to be reform-
r.l, as Lethiifgtouti's Wi(dome thocht beft. And in very deid he framed it (b,
that quhen it was delyvered, by the Superintendents of Louthan and Fyfe^
and quhen that fche had red fomequhat of it, fche (aid. Heir ar motiy fair
ff'ortfSj I camtvttell quhat the Hairts ar. And (o for our painted Oratory, we
wer ttrmed the nixt Name to Flatterars and Diflembbrs. Bot for that Seflioun
the Kirk receaved none uther An(l\'er.
Schort efter the Conventioun of the Kirk, chanfed that unhappy Per(ute,
quhilk Johne Gordouii Laird of Finlatar maid upoun the Lord Ogihie, quho
was evill hurt, and almo(! yit abydes mutilat. The Occafioun was, for certane
Lands and Rychts, quhilk auld Finlatar had refigned to the (aid Lord, quhilk
he was perfewing, and was in Appearance to obrene his Purpo(e : Quhareat
the (aid Johne and his Servands wer offended ; and tharefore m?id the (aid
Perfute, upoun a Setterday at Nycht, betwix nyne and ten. The Frcinds of
the (aid Lord wer eyther not with him, or els not willing to fight that Nycht,
for they tuke Straiks, bot gave few that left Marks.
The faid Johne-wzs tane, and put in the Tolbuyth, quhare he remained certane
Days, and then brack his Ward, fomejudged, at his Father's Comandementi for
he was making Preparatioun for the Quenis cuming to the North, as we will
efter heir.
The Intervew and Meting of the two Quenis, delayed till the nixt Veir,
our Soverane tuke Purpofe to vifrt the North, and departed from Stirling in
the Monthe of Aiigitft.
Quhithef thare was ony fecret FafHoun and Confederacy betwix the Pa-
pi(^ ifl the South, and the Erie of Hutttlie and his Papiftes in the North ;
or, to ^>eik more pbnely, betwix tire Quene hirfelf and Huntlie^ we cannot
K k k k 2 certanely
^i6 The Hihrie of the Reformattoun Lib. IV.
certanely affirme : Bot the Sufpiciouns war wonderous vehement, that thare
was no gude Will borne to the Erie of Murray^ nor yic to fick as depended upoun
him at that Tyme- The Hyftorie we fall faythfully declare, and Co leave
the Judgment frie to the Readars.
That Johne Gordoun brak his Warde, we have already hard ; quho immediat-
ly thairefrer, repaired to his Father George, then Erie of Himtlu ; and under-
ftanding the Qaenis cuming, maid grit Provifioun in Mrahogie^ and in uther
Partes, as it wer to reflave the Quene.
At Abirde'm the Quein and Court remaned certane Days, to deliberac upoun
the Effaires of the Cunfrey j quhare fome began to fmell, that the Erie of
Himtlie was under gathering, as heirefter fall be declaired.
Quhill Things wer (b working in the North, the Erie Botlmell bruck his
Waird, and cam furth of the Caltle of Edinburgh, the iSth of Angnl}. Some
fay, He brack the Scancheours of the Windo ; uthers quhi(perit. That he gat
eafie PalTage by the Yettis. One Thing is certane, to wit, the Quene was
lytle offended at his efcaipping. Thare pafled with him a Servand of theCap-
tanes, named James Porterfeild. The laid Erie Ichewit himfelf nor veray af-
frayed, for his comone Refidence was in Loutheane. The Bilchop of San6t
Atidroh, and Abbot of Crofragwell kepit fecret Conventioun that lam Tyme
in Pdjlay, to quhom reforted dyverfe Papiftesj yea, the faid Bilchop Ipak the
Duke, unto quhom alio cam the Lord Gordoun from the Erie of Huntlie, re-
quyring him, 'To put to his Hands in the South, as he fould do in the North ; and
fo it jould not be Rnox'i Crying nor Pieiching that Juld Jiay that Parpofe. The
Bi(chop,be he never fo clofs, cuid not altogidder hyde hisMynde,bot at his awa
Tible, laid, The ^leue hes gone into the North belyk to feik Difobedience: Sche
may perchance find the Thing fche feiks. It was conftantly affirmed, That the
Erie of Both-ixell and the laid Lord Gordoun fpak togidder ; bot of thair Pur-
pole we hard no Mentioun.
That (am Yeir, and at that inftant Tyme, wer appoynted Commiffiounars
by the Generall Aflembly to Carrick and Cwminghxme, Mr. George Hey, quho
with grit Frute preached the Space of a Month in the Kirks of Carrick. To
Kyle and to the Pairts of Galloway, was appoynted 'Johne Knox, quho, befyd
the Doftrine of the l:,vangell fchawin to the comoun Peple,, forewarned Ibme
of the Nobility and Barounes of the Dangers that he feared, and that wer
appearing fchortly to follow ; and exhorted thame to put thamelelfis in fick
Ordour, as that they mycht be able to ferve the Authority, and yit not to
fufFer the Enemies of God's Treuth to have the upper Hand. Quhareupoun
a grit Pairt Of the Barouns and Gentilmen of Kyle, Cunninghame and Carrick^
profefiing the trew Doftrine of the Evangell, aflembled at Air ; and efter Ex-
hortatioun maid, and Conference had, fubfcryved this Band, The Tenour
quhairof follows.
117 E, quhais Names ar under written, do promeis, in the Pre fence of God, and in
''^ Pre fence of his Son our Lord Jefus Chrift, That we, and every one of us, fall
and will manteyne and affiji the Preaching of his holly Evangell, now of his mere
Mercy, offered unto this Realme : And alfo will manteyne the Minifters of the fam
againft all Per] ones. Power and Authority, that will oppone the I elf to the Dolirine
proponed, and by us receaved. And further, with the fame Solemnity, we protejt
and promife, that every ane of us fall affift uthers ; yea, and the hole Bodie of the
Protejiants within this Realme, in all lawfull and juft A^iounSj againft all Per-
fonet:
Lib. IV. of Rcligiomi in Scotland.
317
./ones : So that quboforjer jdll bnrt^ nio/e/i or iruhle oiiy of our Body Jail be re-
.fated Enemy to tbebole, except that the Ojfendare -xill be content to fubmiit bim-
Jelf to tbe Judgement of tbe A'irk, no-ju eftuHifcbed among It us. And tbts we do
as we defyre to he accepted and favoured of the Lord Jefus, and reaccompted wor-
thie of Credite and Homltie in tbe Pre fence of ll:e Godlie. A tbe Bomgb of Aire
tbe ferd Day September, tbe lea- of Cod 1^62. Sulfcryved be all tbi'r with tba'tr
Hands y as follows.
Mr. Micbaell jrallace
Provoft of Air
James Lockhart
IVtiliam Montgomery
Johne Crawfnrd of tVolftoun
. Johne Mure in IVole
Hew fVallace of Carnell
James Cbalmer of Gathgirth
Hew Montgomery of Hefheilkead
Johne FuUartoun of Dreghorne
Sir f William Cunninghame with my Hand,
Skledoun
Fargu/hill
Maifter of Boyd
Jobnn Lockhart of Barr
JVilUam Cunningbame of Capringtoun yor.
Robert Ker of Carjlaud
Robert Crawfurd
David Crawfurd
IVilliam Cunningbame
Charles Campbell Barges of Air
James Dalrymple of Stayre
Mimgo Mure
James Reid
James Kjnnedie Burges oi^ Air
George Lockhart Burges there
Robert Schaw Burges there
Johne Dunbar of Blantyre
Robert Cbalmer of Mart item
Robert Huntar of Huntar/ioun
Robert Rankin
Arcl'ibald Boyle
Alexander Nylhet
James Lockhart
jniliam Stewart of Halrig
Heiior Dunbar of Clou/tang
James Campbell of Houthley
Adam Cathcart of Bardarot
George Reid of Cbapelbous
Hew IVallace of the Meanfurd
"With mony uther Gentih-nen
Glencairne
R. Boyd
R. Failfurd
Mattlrw Campbell of Lowdon Knicht
Allane Lord Catbrart
Johne Cunnighame of Capringtoun
Cunninghameheid
Uchiltrie
George Craufurd of Lefnoreifs
Johne Mure of Rowallane
Hew Cunningbame ofJVatterftoun
Robert Cunningbame
Akynbarvye
Myddiltoun • *
Johne IV alia ce of Cragie
Johne Boyd of NarCtoun
Robert Campbell of Kmgzeancleucb
Gilbert Bales
'Thomas Cathcarte with my Hand,
Allane Cathcart of Clawance
Adam Reydof Bar/kying
Johne Cathcart of Gtbifyard
Johne Reid with my Hand
Johne
Robert Boyd of Pemont
JVilliam Campbell of Horfcleuch
William Cathcart Brother to the Lord
Cathcart
Johne Mackqufidaill
George Corry of Kelwood
William Kenny die of 'fernganoth
Johne Kenny die of Kirkmichaell
Thomas Mackalexander of Corfeclais
Robert Campbell of Crctydow
Andro Neven of Monkredden
William Cathcart
David Crawfurd o{ the Kers
Johne Kenny die of 'Ternganothe
Patrick Kennydie of Daljaroch
Allane Cathcart of Carltoun.
of Worth and BurgelTes.
L 1 I 1
Thefe
8 The Hi/icrie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
Thefe Things done at Air^ the faid Jhone pafled to Nethifdaill and Gallo,
•may quharc in Conference with the Malkr of Maxzxjell, a Man of grit Jug-
ment and Experience, he communicat with him fick Things as he feared ;
quho by his Motioun wrot to the Erie Botlmell^ to behave himfelf as becam
a faythfuU Subjeft, and to kepe gude Quyetnes in the Partes committed to
his Charge, and fo wald his Cryme of brecking the Ward be mor eafily par-
doned. Jhoiie Knox wrot unto the Dukes Grace, and earneftly exhorted him,
nevther to give Ear to the Biichope his Baftard Brother, nor yit to the Per-
fuafions of the Erie of Huntlie ; for if he did, he afliired him, that he and his
H'^ufs fould cum to a fuddan Ruyne. By fick Means wer the South Partes
Iceapt in a reflbnabill Quyetnes during the Tyme that theTrubles war in brew-
ing in the North; and yit the Bifchope, and the Abbot ot Crofraguell, did
quhat in thame lay to have rayfed fbme Truble: For befydes the fearfiiU
Brutes that they fparfed abrode, Ibmetymes that the Quene was takin, fome-
tyme that the Erie of Murray and all his Band war flaine, and fometyme
that the Quene had gevin hirfelf unto the Erie of Huntlie. Belydes fick Brutes,
the Bifchope, to breck the Cuntry of Keyill, quhare Quietnes then was grit-
teft rayfed the Crawfurds againft the Relds^ for the Payment of the Bilchops
Fafch Fynes ; bot that was flayed by the Labours of indifferent Men, quho
favoured Peace.
The Abbot of Crofraguell requyred Difputatioun of Jhone Knox, for man-
teyning of the Meft, quhilk was granted unto him, and quhilk held in May-
loll three Dayes. The Abbot had the Advantage that he requyred, to mty he
tuke upon him to prove, that Melchhedeck offered Bread and Wine unto God,
quhilk was the Ground that the Meft was builded upoun to be a Sacrifice, Sc.
Bot in the Travell of thre Dayis thare culd no Profe be produced for MeU
chhedecks Oblatioun, as in the fam Difputatioun (quhilk is to be had in Print)
cleirlie may appear. The Papifts conltantlie luked for a Wolter, and thare-
for they wald mak fbm Brag of RefToning. The Abbot farther presented him-
felf to the Pulpitt, bot the Voce of Mr. George Hay fo efFrayed him, that ef-
ter once he weryed of that Exercife. ^
After that the Quene was fomquhat (atisfied with Hunting, and uther Pall
tyme, fche cam to Ahirdene, qubair the Erie of Huntlie met hir and his La-
die, with no fmall Trayne, remained in Court, was flipofed to have the grif-
teft Credit, departed with the Quene to Buquhane, met hir agane at Rothe-
may, luking that fche fould have paffed with him to Strathbogie ; bot in the
Torney certane Word cam to hir, that Jhone Gordonn had brokin Promis, in
not re-entring in Ward ; for his Father, the Erie, had promifed that he fuld
enter agane within theCaftel o{ Strheling^znd thare abyde the Queues Plefour :
Bot quhither, with his Father's Rnawledge and Confent, or without the lame,
we knaw not, bot he refuifed to enter, quhilk fo of^tended the Quene, that fche
wald not go to Strathhogie, bot palTed throw Straithyla to Innernefs, quhair the
Caftel thareof was denycd unto hir. The Captane was commanded to keap
it and luiked for Releif ; for fo had Jhone Gordoun promiled: Bot being
thareof fruftrat, the Caftel was randred, and the Captane, named Gordoun,
was executed ; the reft wer damned, and the Hands of fome bund, boc
efoaiped.
This was the Beginning of farther Truble ; for the Earl of Huntlie thereat
offended, began to alfembill his Folks, and Ipaired not to Ipeik that he wald
be revenged. Bot alvvayis his Wyfe bair fair Countenance to the Quene j and
* it
L I B. 1 V. of Rclt^ioim w Scotland. 3 1 9
it is verclie (upofed, that no uther Harme than the Qiicne hirfclf culd cafilie
have ftand content with, was ment unto hir awn Per(bnc. Bot the hole Ma-
lice lay upoun the Erie of Murray^ Secretarie Lethingtoim, and upoun the Laird
cf Pel alio; yit the Quenc began to be eftraycd, and by Proclamatioun caufed
wairn Sitrieiirg, Fyfe, Jngns, Meruis and StriUbarne^ charge all fubftantiall Men
to be in Ahrdein the fyft Day of OJloher, thare to remane the Space of twen-
ty D.ayis. In hir returning from IimcDiefs fche requyred the Cartel of Fmla-
tiir, qihilk was likways denyed, and fo was Aihitidoun^ quhilk mor enflamed
the Quene. The Erie of Huutlie was charged to caus deliver the faids Houf.
(es under the Pane of TreiTon. To fchaw fome Obedience, he caufed the
Keyis of boch to be prelented by his Servand Mr. 'Jhomas Keir ; bot befcr had
the Quene lent young Captane Stewart (Son to Captane James ^ quho to this
Day hes nether bene ftout, hapie, nor trewj with fexfcoir of Soldeors, to ly
about the faid Place of FiiiLitar ; they lodged in Cnlnney not far dirtant from
the (aid Place. Upoun a Nicht Jioue Cordone cam with a Cumpany of Hord
men, toke the Captane, flew certane of the Soldeors, and difarmed the refl.
This Faft done (as the Quene alledgedj under Traift, Co inflammed hir, that
all Hope of Reconciliatioun was part ; and Co the faid Erie of Huntlie was
charged, under Pain of putting of him to the Home, to prefent himfelf and the
faid Jhone befor the Quene and Counfaill within fix Dayis, quhilk Charge he
di (obeyed, and Co was denunced Rebell. Quither it was Law or not we dif^
pute little thareuntill, bot it was a Preparative to uthers, that efter wer ferv-
ed with the (am Meafbr : He was fbcht at his Place oC Strathbogiey but efcaip-
ed. The Evill increffed j for the Erie afTembled his Folks out of all Partes
of the NortI:; he marched fordwards toward Aberdetie^ and upoun the Twenty
fecand Day of O^lober^ the Yeir of God 1/62, cam to the Loch oC Skew. His
Armie was judged to be fevin or aucht hundredth Men. The Quenes Ar-
mie, both in Number and Manheid, far furmounted his, and yit he tuke no
Feir ; for he was allured of the moft Part of thame that wer with the Quene
as the Ifchew did witnes. Within the Toun they flode in grit Feir • and
tharefor it was concludit, that thay wald affayl the uttermof^ upon the Feilds.
The Foihffes, Heyes, and Leflies tuke the Vangaird, and promifed to ficht the
faid Erie without ony uther Help. They pafled forth of the Toun befor ten
• Hours; they pat thamefelfis in Array, but they approched not to the Enemie
till that the Erie of Murray and his Cumpany wer cum to the Feilds and
that was efter Tw'o at Efter-none ; for he was apoynted with his Cumpany
onlie to have behaldin the Battell. Bot all Things turned utherwayes than
the moft Part of Men fupofed. The Erie of Himtlie was the Nichr before
determined to have retyred himfelf and his Cumpany : Bot that Morning he
culd not be wakened befor it was ten Hours, and quhen he was upon Fute
his Spirits failed him, be Reflbn of his Corpolencie, fo that richtly a long
Tyme he culd do nothing. Some of his Friends, feiring the Danger, left
him. Quhen that he luked upon both the Cumpanies he laid. This grit Cum-.
pavy that approchetb near eft unto iis^ vM do us no Barnie, thy are our Friends • t '
only fear yonder [mail Cutnpanie that ftands upoun the Hill-fyde, yon ar our Fne-
mies ; lot -xe ar ynevj for thawe, if God be iiith us. And quhen he had thus
fpokin, he fell upon his Knees, and maid his Prayer in this Forme. 0 Lord
I have bene a Bhde-thirfty Man^ and be tny means hes mekk innocent Blude bene
fpilt ; hut "juill tho^ju give me ViHory this Day, and I fall ferve the all the Days
cf my Lyfe. Note and obfer\'e, gude Reader, he confefled that he had bene
L 1 1 1 3 a Elude.
320 The Biflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. iV,
a Biime-th'.rlty Man^ and that he had bene the Caufe of the fchedding of
m.kle iimvceiit Blude^ hot yit wald he have had Viftory ; and quhat was that
els hot to have had Power to have fched more, and then wald he have fatif
fied God for altogidder ? Quhairin is exprefled the Nature of Hypocrites,
quhilk nether feir nor love God farther than prefent Danger or Profire fuad-
eth. But to our Hiltory.
The Leflies^ Heyes, and Forhefes efpying the Erie of Murray and his to be
lichtcd upon thair Fete, maid fbrdward againft the Erie of Huntlie and his,
quho rtude in Coi rochie Bunie, (fome call it Furahank) bot or they approched
neir by the Space of the Schott of ane Arrow, they caftfrom thame thair Spearis
and long Weapons, and fled diredtly in the Faces of the Erie of Murray and
his Cumpany. The Danger efpyed, the Laird of Petarro (a Man both ftouc
and of a reddy Witt) with the Maifter, now Lord Ltndejay^ and Tutor of
Pitcurr^ (aid, Lett us caft down Speares to the foremoft^ dnd kit thame mt cum-
in among its ; for thare is no Doiit hot this flying is hy 'Treafoun: And fo they
did j fo that they that fled keapit thamefelfis apart from the few Number that
war marching upon Fute in Ordour. The Erie of Huntlie (eing the Vane-
gaird flee, (aid unto his Cumpany, Our Freindis ar honeft Men^ they have
keapit Promife ; let us now rancounter the refi ; and (b he and his, as (ure of
Viftory, marched fordward.
The Secretary in few Words maid a vehement Ori(bun, and willed eve*
ry Man to call upon his God, to remember his Dewty, and not to feir the
Multitude ; and in the End cbncludit thus, 0 Lord, thow that rewles the He-
•vin and Earth, lake upon thy Servands, qiihofe Elude this Day is moft injulily fochty
and to Maniijugment is fauld and betrayed. Our Refuge is now unto thee, and our
Hope is in thee. Judge thow, O Lord, this Day betwixt us and the Erie of
Huntlie, and the reft of our Enemies j if ever we have injuftly focht his or thatr
De/iru^iouM and Elude, let us fall in the Edge of the Sword. And, 0 Lordy
if thou knoweft our Innocencie, mantein thou and preferve us for thy gritt Mercies
Sake.
Schorr after the fpeiking of the(e and the lyik Words the former Ranks joyn.-
ed ; for Huntlies Cumpany maid giittHaiftj they were repulfed be the Mail^er
of Lindefay, and the Cumpanies of Fyfe and Jngus : Some of thame that
fled returned, and followed the Erie of Murray, but gave na Straikes till that
Hunthes Cumpany gave back. In the Front thare war flain about eighteen
or twenty four Men, and in the flying thare fell neir ane hundredth ; thare
was takin ane hundredth, and the rell war fpaired. The Erie himfelfwas
takin alive, his twa Sonis, Jhone for(aid, and Adame Gordon, wer takin with
him. The Erie Lmmediatly after his taiking depairted thisLyif, without ony
Wound, or yit Appeirance of ony Straik, quhairof Death mycht have en-
fewed ; and (b, becaus it was lait, he was cait over athort a Pair of Creilles,
and fo was caried to Aberdene, and was layd in the Tolboyth thareof, that the
Refpons quhilk his Wyifs Witches had gevin mycht be fulfilled, quha all
alfirmed, (as the moft Pairt (ay) that that fame Nycht (buld '.he be in the
Tolboyth of Aberdene, without ony Wound upon his Body, buhen his La-
dy gat Knawledge theirof, (che blaimit hir principall Witch, called Jouet; bot
fche ftoutly defendit hir(elf, (as the Devill can evir doj and affirmed, that
fche gave a trew Anfwer, albeit (che fpack not all the Treuth ; for (che
knew that he (buld be thare dead : Bot that culd not profit my Lady, fche
was angry and (brry for a Sea(bun. Bot the Devill, the Mefs, and Witches
have
IB. IV. oj Rcligiotm in Scotland. 321
I
I
have als gritt Credit of hir this Day, the 12th of JkuH i;66, as they had
Hv'm Yeirs ago.
The Erie of Murray ftnd Meirac;,e unto the Quenc, of the marvelous Vic-
rorie ; and humclie prayed hir to (chaw that Obedience to God, as publicftly
to convene with thame, to give Thanks unto God for his notable Delyvcr-
ance. Sche gloumed both at the Meflinger, and at the Requcift, and fcarfe-
lie waid give a gude Word, or biyth Countenance to any that fche knew
earnelt Favorars of tlic Erie of Murray, quhole Profperitie was, and yit is a
very Vennome to hir boldcncd Hart, againlt him for his Godlines and uprichc
Plainnes. Of many Days fche bare no better Countenance ; quhareby it mycht
have bene evidently cfpyed,That fche rcjoyced not gritlie of theSucces of that
Mater ; and albeit fche caiidd execute Jobic Gordoun^ and dyvcrfs uthers, yet
it was the Deftrut^ioun of urhcrs that fche fjcht.
Upoun the Morrow efter the Difcomfiture, the Ladie Forbefs, a Woman
both wyfe, and fearing God, cam amongft many uthers to vifit the Corpg
of the faid Erie ; and feing him ly upoun the cold Stones, having onlie up-
oun him a Dowblet ofCanves, a pair ot .Scot lis gray Hoifs, and covered with
anc Arafs-wark; Sche faid, %dmt Stahiiitie fall we juge to be in this tVorU?
Tbuir lyeth be ibat Tifterday in the Morning was baldin the wyfeft, the ricbeft^
and a Man of gritteft Power that was within Scotland. And in very deid fcho
lied not ; for in Man's Opinioun, under a Prince, thair was not fick a ane
thir thre hundreth Yeirs in this Realme produced: Bot Felicity and worldly
Wifdom fo blinded him, that in the End he perifched in thame, as fall all
thofe that defpyfe God, and trufi in thamefelves.
Jobne Gordoun, at his Death, confefled many horribill Things, devyfed be
his Father, by his Brother, and by himlelf. Thair war Letters fund in the
Erles Pockat, that difclofed the Treafoun of the Erie of Sutherland, and of
dyverfs uthers. Mr. Tlomas Keir, quho before was the hole Counfaillor to
the Erie foirfaid, dilclofed quhatfbever he underitode mycht hurt the Gordouns
and thair Freinds, and fb was the Treafcun planely difclofed; quhilk was.
That the Erie of Murray, with certane uthers, fuld have bene murthcred in
Slrahogie ; the Quene fuld have bene tane, and kept at the Devotioun of the
faid Erie of Huntlie. Theft Things, we fay, reveiled, the Quene left the
North, and cam to Dundee, St. Johnefioan, Striveling, and then to Edinhurgh^
The Erie of /////////Vs Body was caryed about in a Bote, and layed without
Buryal in the Abbey of lialyrudebous, till the D.ay of his Foirfaulcure, as efter
fall be declared. The Duke apprehendit the Lord Gordoun his Sone in lav,
tccaus that the (^uene had flraitlie comandit him (b to do, if he repaired vvirii-
in his Bounds, Before he delivered him, the Erie of Murray laboured at the.
(^uenes Hand for the Savery of his Lyfe, quhilk hardly was granted ; and fo
\Vas he delyvered within xhe Ctl^qW of Edmktrgb, the 28. Day of Novemhre
1562, quhare he remaned till the 8th ofFebruare; quhen he was put to ane
AfTyfe, acculed and convid of Tiea(bun ; bot was reltored agme, firlt, to the
Cabell foirfaid, and thairefter was tranfported to Dunihar, quharc he rcmainiK
Prifoner till the Moneth of J/iguft^ in the Yeir of God Ij6j Yeirs, as we
will efter hear.
", In this mean Tyme the Trubles war hott in France, and the Intelligence
and outward Familiariiv betwix the two Quencs was grit ; Lelhingtoun wms
4ire(rt with large Comiffioun, Loth to the Quene of England, and to the Gi:y-
fiatjff.
- '^ M m m m The
32 2 T/;c Htllorie of the Reformat tcun L i b. IV.
The Mariage of our Quene was in all Mens Mouths ; {ome wald have SpaiHy
ibme the Emperors Brother, fbme Lord Robert Dudliey Ibme Duke lienemourt,
and fome unhappiely gefled at the Lord Dernlie.
Quhat Lethlngtouns Credit was, we know not ; bot (chert efter thair be-
gan meklc to be talked of the Erie of Levenox^ and of his Sone the Lord
DcrneUe. It was (aid that Leik'mgtoun (pack the Lady Margaret Douglas^ and
that Robert Melvil receaved ane Hors to the Secretaries Ufe fra the Erie of Le-
•venox or from his Wyfe. Howfbever it was, Mr. Fowlare Servand to the
faid Erie, cam with Letters to the Quenes Grace, by the quhilks, Licence
was permitted to the Erie of Levenox to cum to Scotland, to travell in his
lawful! Bufinefs. That fame Day that the (aid Licence was granted, the Se-
cretary (aid. This Day I have takin the deadly Hatrent of all the Hainiltoimes
within Scotlmd, and have done unto thame no Ie(s Dilplefbr, then if I had
cutted thair Throttis, The Erie Bolhmll, quho befoir had brckin Waird,
fearing Apprehenfioun, prepared to pas to France ; bot by Storme of Wether
was driven into England, quhere he was (tayed, and was offered to have bene
rendred by the Quene of England : Bot our Quenes Anfwer was, ^lat he was
no Rebelly and thatrfore fche requeifled that he Jitld have Uhertie to pafs quhair
he pleafed. And thairto Lethingtoun helped not a lyttle, for he travelled to
have Freinds in every Fa6lioun of the Court. And (b obteyned the (aid Erie
Licence to pa(s to Frame. . '^^'
The "Winter efter the Death of the Erie of Huntlie, the Court remained
for the maift Fart at Edinburgh. The Prccheours wer wonderous vehement
in Reprehenfioun of all maner of Vice, quhilk then began to abound j and
fpecialie Avarice, OppreiTioun of the Pure, Excede, ryatous Cheir, Banquet-
ting, imoderat Dauncing, and Huredome, that thairof en(ewes. Quhareat
the Courteours began to ftorme, and to pyke Quarrells againft the Precheors,
alleging that all thair Preiching was turned to Railling ; quhareunto one of
thame gave Anfwer as follcweth. It cumes to our Eares that we ar called
Raillers, quhareof albeit we wonder, yet we ar not elchamed, feing that the
moft worthy Servands of God that befoir us have travelled in this Vocatioun,
have Co bene ftyled : Bot unto you do I lay, That that (ame God, quho
from the Begining hes puni(ched the Contempt of his Word, and hes poured
furth his Vengeance upoun fick proud Mockars, fall not fpair you ; yea, he
fall not fpair you befoir the Eyes of this (ame wicked Generatioun, for the
Flefour quhareof ye defpyfe all holelbme Admonitioun, Have ye not (ene
ane gritter then any of you fitting quhare prefently ye (itt, pyck his Nailles,
and pull down his Bonnatt over his Eyes, quhen Idolatrie, Witchcraft, Mur-
ther, OpprefTioun, and fick Vices, wer rebuiked ? Was not his comone Talk,
quhen the Knaves have rallied thair fill, then will they hald thair Peace ?
Have ye not hard it affirmed to his awn Face, that God (buld revenge that
his Blalphemy, evin in the Eyes of fick as wer Witne(res to his Iniquitie ?
Then was the Erie of Huntlie acculed by you, as the Maintener of IdoIa<
try, and the only Hinderar of all gude Ordour ; him hes God punilched, e-
vin according to the Threatnings that his and your Eares hard, and by your
Hands hes God executed his Jugements : Bot quhat Amendement in any
cais can be efpyed in you ? Idolatry was never in gritter re(t, Vertew and
vertewous Men wer never in more Contempt j Vycc was never more bauld,
nor Icfs feared Punilchment. And yit quho guvdes the Quene and Court ?
* Quh»
Lib. IV. of iiLr%/6f/;/ /■;; Scotland. 323
Quho bot the Proteftants. O horribill Slandcrars of God, and of liis holy K-
vangell ! Better it wer unto you, planely to renuncc Chrilt Jcfus, then thus
to expone his blefTed Evanc^cll to Mockage. If God punifch not you. That
this fame Age (all behold and fee 5our Punifchmenr, the Spirit of rychtecus
Jugcmcnt guydcs me not.
This Vehemency provoked the Hatred, not only of the Courtcours bot
alio of dyverls uthers againft the Speaker, quhilk was Jobie Knox ; lor lick as
be in Credit, never lack Flatterars. 7"/w;- Brethen of tie Court wer ineje-
renilte handled. Quhat was that, bot to rayfe the Harts of the Pepic againft
thame ; they did quhat they mycht. Sick fpeiking wald caufs thame do les.
And this was the Fruce that the Precheors gathered of thair juft Reprchen-
fiouns.
The General! AlTcmbly of the Kirk haldin the 2;th ofDeremhr 1/62, ap-
proched. In the quhilk, grit Complaints wer maid, that Kirks lacked Mi-
niftcrs ; That Minilters lacked thair Stipends ; That wicked Men wer per-
mitted to be Scule-maifters, and lb to infeft the Youth: Amongs quhom
one Mr. Rcherl Cnmin Scule-maifter in Abirhothock^ was complained upoun
be the Lnird of Dun, and Sentence pronunced againft him. It was farther
complained, That Idolatrie was erefted in dyverls Pairts of this Rcalme ;
For RedrelTe quhareof, fomc thocht beft, that new Supplicatioun fould be
prefented to the Quenes Grace ; uthers demandit, quhat Anfwer was receav-
ed of the former. The Superintendent oi Lontbeane confefTit the Delyverancc
of it ; bot, faid he, I receaved no Anfwer. It was anfwerit fol- the Part
of the Quene, (for hir Supports wer evir thare) that it was well knowin to
the hole Realme, quhat Trubles had occurred lince the laft Aflenrbly ; and
thairfore, that they fould not wonder, albeit the Quene had not anfwered,
bot betwix that and the Parliament, quhilk was appointit to be m May, they
douted not bot that fick Ordour Ibuld be takin, as all Men Ibuld have Occafi.
oun to rtand content. This latisfyed for that Tyme the hole Adembly.
And this was the Praftifc of the Quene, and of hir CounlailJ, with fair
Words to dryve Tyme, as befbir we have (aid.
The AiTembiy notwithftanding proceidit foreward in eftablilching of lick
Ordour, as quhareby Vyce mycht be punilched, and Vertew mycht be main-
teyned ; and becaus that thair was a gritt Slander ryfen upoun Paul Meffane^oi'
quhom mentioun is maid in the Seconde Buke of this Hiftorie, Comifiioun
and Cliarge was gevin to Jo/jiie Knox Minifter of Edinhurgh, and unto ccrrane
of the Eldars of the Kirk o^ Edinburgh, to pas to theToun o^ Jedburgh, quhair
the laid Sclander was rayfed, and to be found thair, the thrid oi" Jamur nixr,
for the Tryall to be tane in the Sclander raifed, and to heir the Articles and
Complaint of the faid Paull : And efter the Tryall, to report the Treiith to
the SelTioun of the Kirk o{ Edinburgh ; to quhom with the Afllftance of the
Superintendent of Loulheane, ComifTioun was gevin to decerne thairunrill.
The Tryall and Examinarioun of that Cryme was difficill, the Slander was
univerfall in that Toun and Cuntrey ; the Servand Woman of the laid Paull
had betwix Termes left his Houfs, fche had borne a Chyldc, no Father to it
culd fche find, bot alleged hirfelf to have bene opprefTed lait in ane Evening;
the faid Paull conftantly affirmed himfelf innocent, and wald have gevin his
publift Purgatioun ; bot becaufs his Accufators had takin upoun thame to
prove thair Accufatioun that was denyed ; many WitnefTcs wer produced, of
M ra m m 2 quhom
324 The Hiftorie of the Kejormatioim Lib. IV.
quhom fome deponed (b cleirly, that the Comifliouners fufpefled that they
had bene fuborned, and thairfore they requyred to have Infpeftioun of the
Places, quhare (bme faid they faw, and fome faid they hard thame in the
very A61 of Iniquity^ The Sight and Confideratioun of the Place augmented
gntly the Sufpicioufi'" bot one Thing was moft fufpicious of all uthers, for
the Wyfe of the faid Paiill^ ane ancient Matrone, was abfent from him the
Space of eicht or nyne Weikes in Dundee j quhilk Tyme (or at leaft a gritc
Fairt thairof ) the fufpefted, and he lay nychtly in one Houfs without uther
Cumpany then a Child of leven or eicht Yeirs of A^^. The Juges, not-
withftanding theie Slufpiciouns, having a gude Opinioun of the Honeiiy and
Godlines of the Man, travelled quhat they culd fConfcience not hurt) to
purge him of the Sclander : Bot God, quho wald not that fick Vilanie fould
be clocked and conceiled within his Kirk, utherwayes had decreed, for he
brocht the Brother of the gilty Woman to the Toun, having noMynd of fick
Maters, quho being produced be the Accufators, as one that was privy to the
Fa6l, and knew the Verity with all Circumftances ; this Witnes, we (ay,
quhilk culd not be fufpe6t, being produced, maid the Mater fo plane and cleir,
that all Sufpicioun was removed j for he it was that convoyed the Womaa
away, he it was that caufed the Child to be baptiled, alleging it to be his
awin ; he it was that caryed frequent Meflages betwene thame, and frbm
Paull caryed Money and Claythes dyverfs Tymes. How fone that ever the
(aid Paxil faw that Man produced, as Witnes, he withdrew himfelf and left
the Toun, by that Meane planely tacking upoun him the Cryme 5 and (b the
Comiflionars with full Informatioun returned to Edinburgh^ and notified the
Faft unto the Kirk, quho caufed publicly fummond the faid Paull to hear
the Sentence pronunced j quho not compering in the End, for his odious
Cryme and Contumacy, was publidly excomunicated, and was depryved of
all Funftioun within the Kirk of Scotland, and Co left he the Realme.
For two Caufes we infert this horribill Fact, and the Ordour keapit in the
Punifchment of the fame ; former to forewarne fick as travell in that Voca-
tiounj that according to the Admonitioun of the Apoflle, Sick as ft and, tack
head left they fall. No Man in the begining of the Evangell, was juged
more fervent and more uprycht ; and yit we have hard how far Sathane hes
prevailed againft him. God grant that we may heir of his Repentance. Ney-
ther yit aucht his Fall any Thing to prejuge the Authority of the Doftrine
quhilk he taught, for. the Doftrine of God hath Authority of no Creature,
bot hes the AfTurance of God himfelf, how weak or imperfefl: that ever the
Inf^rumenfs be by quhom it pleafes God to publifch the fame. The Treafone
of Judas, the Adultery of David, and the Abnegatioun of Peter did dero-
gate nothing to the Glory of Chrifts Evangell, nor yit to the Doftrine quhilk
before they had taucht ; bot declared the one to be a Reprobat, and the u-
ther to be Infi;ruments in quhom Mercy mufl: neids furmount Jugement.
The uther Caufe is. That the Warld may fee quhat Difference thair is betwix
Lycht and Darknes, betwix the Uprychtnes of the Kirk of God, and the Cor-
ruptioun that regnis in the Synagoge of Sathan, the Papifticall Rable ; for
how many of that Sort have bene, and ftill remane oppinly knawin Hure-
mongers, Adulterars, Violaters of Virgines, yea, and comittaris of fick Ab-
hominatiouns as we will not name ; and yit ar they caUed and permitted to
be Bifchops, Archebifchopes, Cardinalls and Paipes thamefelves: For quhat
Sinnes can unable the fworne Servands of Symoniey and of his Father the De-
vil! }
Lib. IV. of Rcligtoun tn Scotland. 317
Till ? For brag quhat they lift ofChrift, ot'Fetcr^ and of PjhH^ their Lyves
and Converlatiouns bear Witncs to quhome they belong. Bot we rcturne
to our Hiltory of Things done in Court,
Amongs the Menions of the Court, thSre was one named Moiifieur Chile-
kty a Fiemhe Man, that at that Tyme palled all uthers in Credit with the
Quenc; in dancing of the Pnrpofe (lb terme they that Dauncc, in the quhilk
Man and Woman talketh fecretly ; wife Men wuld judge fick Faffiouns more
lyk the Bordell, then to the Cumlines of honcft Women. ) In this Daunce,
the Quenc chofed €L\ittelet and Chattckt tuk the Quene, for he had the bell
Drels. All this Winter Chattelet was (b familiare in the Quenis Cabinet, air
and lait, that fcarfely culd ony of the Nobility have Accels unto hir. The
Quene wald ly upoun ChattcLil''s Shoulder, and (bmetymc privily wald fteall a
Kifs of his Neck : And all this was honeft yneuch j for it was the gentil En-
treatment of a Stranger. Bot the Familiarity was fo grit, that upoun a
Nycht, he privilly did convoy him(elf under the Quenis Bed ; bot being efpyed,
he was comanded away. Bot the Brute aryfing, the Quene called the Erie
ot Murray, and burfting furth in a womanly Ari"e6lioun, charged him, 'that
a! he loied hir^ he fuld (lay Chattelet, and let him never jpeik a Word. The
uther at the firft maid Promife fo to do ; bot efter calling to Mynd the
Judgements of God pronunced againft the Schcders of innocent Elude, and
alio that none fbuld die, without ihe Teftimony of two or three WitncfTe?,
returned, and fell upoun his Knees befbir the Quene, and faid, Madam^ I be-
feik your Grace^ cans not uie tak the Bhide of this Man upoun me j your Grace
hes entreated him fo familiarly befoir, that ye have offeiidit all your Nobility^ attd
nviv if he fall be fecretly flain^ at your awn Comandement, quhat fall the IVarld
■ jud^e of it ? I fall bring him to the Prefence of Jufiicey and let him fiiQer he
LiKv, according to his Deferving. (9, (aid the Quene, ye will never let him
fpeii'? I Jail do, faid he, Madam, quhat in me lyetb to five your Honour. Pure
Chattelet was brocht back from Kmghorne to Sanft Androis, cxaminat, ; ut to
ane AfTyfe, and (b beheadit the izA. o? Februar 1^61. He begged Li-
cene to wryt to France the Caus of his Deith, quhilk, faid he, in his Toung
was. Pour eft re trouve en lieu trcpe fufpe^ ; that is, Becaus I was fund in a Place
to much fufpe^. At the*Place of Executioun, quhen he faw, that thare was
no Remedy bot Deith, he maid a godly Confeflloun, and granted, Thar his
declyning from the Trueth of God, and following ot Vanity and Impiety,
was juftlyrecompenfed upoun him. Bot in the End he concludir, luiking un-
to the Hevins, with thefe Words, O cruelle Dame ! that is, cruell Mai/ires-l
Quhat that Complaint imported, Lovers may divine. And lb receaved Chat'
ielet theRewaird of his Dauncingj for he lacked his Head, that his Toung
fbuld not utter the Secrets of our Quein. Delyver us, 0 Lord, from the Rage
of fick fnordinat Rewlars.
The Yeir of God i/<53, thare was ane univerfall Dearth m all Scotland;
bot in the Northland, quhare theHarveft befoir the Quein had travellit, thare was
ane extreme Famine, in the quhilk many died in that Cuntrey. The Dearth
was grit over all ; bot the Famine was principally thare. The Bow of
Quheit gave fix Pundis, the Bow of Beir fix Merks and ane Half, the Bow
of Meill four Merks, the Bow of Aits fifty Schillings ; ane Ox to draw in
the Pleuch 20 Merks, a Wodder 30 Schillings. And fb all Things apper-
taining to the Suftentatioun of Man, in tripil and more exceidit thair accufto-
N n n n med
32^ The Hi/hrie of the Reformat iom Lib. IV.
med Pryces- And fo did God, according to the Threatning of his Law, pu-
nifch the Idolatry of our wicked Quene, and our Ingratitude, that fuffered
hir to def3'le the Land with that Abominatioun agane, that God fo potently had
purged, by the Power of this Word. For the ryatous Feafting, and exceffive
Banquetting, ufed in Court and Countrey, quharefoever that wicked Woman
repaired, provocked God to ftryk the Stafe of Bread, and to give his Maie-
diftioun upoun the Frutes of the Earth. Bnt O allace ! quho looked or yit
iuikes to the very Caus of all Calamities.
Leth'mgtoim was abfent, as befoir we have hard, in the Quenis Effaires. The
Papifts at that Pafch, anno IJ63. in dyvers Pairtsof the Realme, had erefted
that Idole the Mc(s. Amongft quhom the Bifchope of Sanft Androis^ the Prior
of ^ihithorne^ with dyvers uthers of thair Fa6tioun, wald avow it. Befj'des
the firft Froclamatioun, thare had Letters paft in the contrare, with Certificatioun
of Death to the Contraveiner.
The Brethren univerfally ofFendit, and efpying that the Quene, by hir Fro-
clamatioun, did bot mock thame, determined to put to thair awn Hands,
and to punifche for Example of uthers : And Co fome Preiftes in the tVeft-
land wer apprehended. Intimatioun maid unto uthers, as unto the Abbot
of Croceragnelly the Parfone of Sanquhair^ and fick, that they fbuld neyther
complene to Quein nor Counfaill, bot fould execute the Punifchment, that
God hes appoynted to Idolaters in his Law, by fick Meanes as they mychr,
quhairever they (buld be apprehendit.
The Quene ftormed at fick Fredom of fpeiking, but {che culd not amend
it ; for the Spirit of God, of Boldnes and of Wifdome, had not then left
the mod Fairt of fick as God had maid Inftruments in the Beginning : They
wer of one Mynd to mantein the Truths of God, and to fuppres Idolatry ;
Particularities had not devyded thame : And thairfoir culd not the Devill,
working in the Quein and in Papifts, do then quhat they wald : And thair-
foir fche began to invent a new Craft. Sche fend for Jhone Knox to cum un-
to hir, quhair fche lay at Lochlevin. Sche travelled with him erneftly two
Hours befoir hir Supper, that he wald be the Inftrument to perfwaid the
Feplc, and principallie the Gentilmen of the Weft^ not to put Handis to pu-
nifch ony Man for the ufing of thamefelfis in thair Religioun as pleifed thame.
The uther perceaving hir Craft,willed hir Grace to punifchMalefaftors according
to the Lawis, and he durft promis Quyitnefs upon the Pairt of all thame that
profeffed the Lord Jefus within Scotland. But if hir Majefty thocht to delude
the Lawis, he faid, he feired that fome wald the Papifts|underftand, that with-
out Punifchment they fbuld not be differed ib manifeftly to offend God's Ma-
jefty. Will ye, quoth fche, allow, that they fall tak my Sword in thair
Handis ? The Sword of Juftice, quoth he, Madam, is God's, and is gevin
to Princes and Rewlars for ane End, quhilk, if they tranfgres, fpairing the
Wicked and opprefTing the Innocents, they that in the Feir of God execute
Tugment, quhair God has commandit, offendis not God, althoch Kings do it
not ; nyther yit fyne they that brydillis Kings to ftryick innocent Men in
thair Rage. The Examples ar evident ; for Samuel feired not to flay Agcig,
the fatt and delicat King of y^malek, quhom King <S a nil had faved: Nyther
fpaircd Elias JefabePs fals Prophets, and 5rffl/'s Preifts, albeit that King Ahah
was prefent. Ph'tneas was no Magiftrat, and yit feired he not to ftryick
Coslve and Zimhrie in the very Aft of filthy Fornicatioun. And Co^ Madam,
your Grace may fie that uthers than chief Magiftrates may lawfully punifch,
and
Lib. IV. of Kcligicwi w Scotland. 327
and hcs punidlied the Vyccs and Crymis that God commandis to be pu-
nilched ; And in this C.iis I wald crncltly pray your JVInjcfty to tak gudc Ad-
vyiiment, and that your Grace ibuld let the Papifts underlbnd, that thair At-
temptatis will not be luftercd unpunilched : For Power be Aft of Parliament is
<;evin to all Ju^es within thair awin Boundis, to fearch Atefmongers, or the
Hcarars of theHim, and to puni(ch thanae according to the Laws : And thairfbir
it lall be prolirnbill to your Majcfty, to confider quhat is the Thing your
Grace's Subjcfts luiks to receave of your Majerty, and quhat it is that ye aucht
to do unto thame by mutuall Contract. They ar bound to obey you, and
that not bot in God. Yc ar bound to keip Lawis unto thamc. Ye crave of
thamc Service ; they crave of you Proteftioun and Defence againrt wicked
Doars. Now, Madam, if you (all deny your Dcwty unto thame, (quhilk
efpecialy craves, that ye puni(chMalcfa6iors) think ye to receave full Obedience
of thame ? I feir, Madam, ye (all not. Heirwith fche being fomequhat of
fended, part, to hir Supper. The faid J/:c)/e left hir, informed the Erie of
Murray of the hole relTbning, and fo departed of finall Purpois to have re-
turnit 10 EJinhirghe, without ony farther Communicatioun with the Quein:
Bot befoir the Sone, upon the Morne, wer two dircfted {Jt'ulter Mehill was
the one) to him, commanding him not to depairt quhiil that he fpack the
Queins Majefty, quhilk he did, and met hir at the hawcking be wert Khirox.
Quhither it was the Nichts Slcjp, or a deap DifTimulation locked in hir Breaft,
that maid hir to forget hir former Angre, wyis Men may dour, bot thairof
iche nevir moved Word, bot began diverfs uther Purpofes; fick as the offering
of a Ring to hir by the Lord Riitbven, quhom, faid fche, I cannot love ■ for I
know him to ufe Enchantment, and yit is he maid one of myPrivie CunlailJ.
Quhom blameth your Grace, faid the uther, thareof ? Letbwgtoim, faid Iche
was the haill Caus. That Man is abfent, faid he, for this prefent Madam '
and thairfoir I will fpeik nothing in that Behalf^ I underltand, faid the Qucin^
that ye ar appoynted to go to Dnwfrefe, for the Elecftioun of a Superintendent
to be eftablifched in thcfe Cuntrys. Yes, faid he, thofe Quarters have gritt
Nede, and fbme of the Gentilmen fo requyre. Bot I heir, faid fche, that the
Bifchop of Cathnis wald he Superintendent. He is one, faid rhe uther, Ma-
dam, that is put in Eleftioun. If ye knew him, faid fche, als weal as I
do, ye wald nevir promote him to that Office, nor yit to ony uther within
your Kirk. Quhat he hcs bein, faid he, Madam, I nyther know, nor yit will I
inquyre; for inTymc of Daiknes quhat culd we do bot grope and go wrong,
evin as Darknes carycd us ? Bot if he feir not God now, he deceaves mony
ma than me ; and yit, faid he, Madam, I am affured God will not funer his
Kirk to be fo far deceaved, as that ane unworthy Man fall be elecled quhair
fre Eleftioun is, and the Sperit of God is erneftly called upoun to decyde
betwix the two. Wcall, fayis fche, do as ye will ; but that Man is a dan-
gerous Man. And thaiiuntill was not the Quein deceaved; for he had cor-
rupted the mort Pairt of the Gentilmen, not only to nominat him, but alfb
to eleft him ; quhilk perceaved be the faid J/.-one, ComifTioncr, delayed the
Eleftioun, and left with rhe Mafler of Max-j;eli, Mr. Kohrt Pont, (quho ua?
put in Eleftioun with the foirfaid Eifchopj to the End that his Docirin and
Converfatioun micht be the better trjed of thofe that had not knavvin him
befbr. And Co was the B'lchop frurtrat of his Purpois for that prefent: And
yit was he at that Tvme the Man that was moft familiar With the faid J/:oh-e
in his Hcus, and at Ti:bi!I. Bot now to the former Conference. Quhcn tho
N n n n :: Que'in
320 \rhe Htflorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
Quein had lone; talked with Jhone Knox, and he being oft willing to tak his
Leave fche (aid, I have one of the greateft Maters that have twiched me
fince I cam in this Realme, to oppin unto you, and I man have your Help in-
to it. And fche began to mak a longDifcours of hir Sifter the Lady Ergyll,
how that fche was not (b circumfpeftinall Things as that Iche wilched hir to be ;
and yir, (aid iche, my Lord hir Husband, quhom I love, entreatis hir nor ia
mony Thingis fo hone(^ly and fo godly, as I think ye yourfelf wald reqiiyre.
Madam faid he, I have beine troublit with that Mater befoir, and nnis I
put fick ane End to it, (pnd that was befor your Grace Arryvaill) that both
(che and hir Freinds ieemt^l i^Ily to ftand content. And fche hirielf promi-
fit befor hir Freinds, that fche lould never complane to Creature, till tbit I
fould firft underftand the Controverfie be hir awin Mouth, or els be ane aflur-
ed MefTint^er. T now have hard nothing of hir Pairt ; and tharefor I think
thare is nothing bot Concord. Weill, faid the Quein, it is worfs than ye
beleve. Bot do this mekle for my Saik, as anis agane to put thame at Uni-
tie and if fche behave not hirfelf Co as fche aucht to do, fche fall find no Fa-
vours of me: Bot, in ony wayes, faid fche, let not my Lord knaw, that J
have requeifted you in this Mater ; for I wald be very forry to offend him
in that or in ony uther Thing. And now, faid fche, as twitching our refTon-
ing yiflernycht, I promis to do as ye requyrit ; I fall caus fumon all Offen-
ders and ye fall knaw that I fall minifter Juf^ice. I am affurit then, faid
he that ye fall pleis God, and injoy Reft; and Tranquillity within your Re-
amle* quhilk to your Majefty is mor profitable than all the Faipes Poweir
Can be. And thus they departit.
This Conference we have inferted, to let the World fie how deiply Marii
Quein of Scotland czn difTemble. And how that fche could caus Men to think
that fche bare na Indignatioun, for ony Contraverfie in Religioun, quhill that
yit in hir Hairt was nothing bot Venome and Deflrufiioun, as fchort efter did
appeir.
Johne Knox departed, and prepaired himfelf for his Jorney, oppoynted to Dum-
frefe. And from Glafgow, according to the Quenis Comandment, he wrote this
Letter to the Erie of ErgylL The Tenour quhareof follows.
The Lord cummeth and fall not tarle.
EFter Comendatioun of my Services unto your Lordfchip : If I had knawn
of your Lordfchip's fuddane Departing, the laft Tyme it chanced me
to fie and f^eik yow, 1 had opinned unto yow fome Pairt of my Greif: Bot
fuppofing that your Lordfchip fbuld have remained flill with the Quenis Grace.;
I delayed at that Tyme to utter ony Pairt of that, quhilk now my Gonfcicnce
compelleth me to do. Your Behaviour toward your Wyfe is very offenfive
unto mony Godly. Hir complaint is greavous, that ye altogidder withdraw the
Ufe of your Body from hir. If fo be, ye have grit Neid to luik weill to your
awn Eftait ; for albeit that ye within yourfelf felt no more Repugnance,
then ony Flefch this Day on Earth, yit by Promeis, maid befoir God, ar ye
Dettor unto hir, as refTounably ye fall be requyred of hir. Bot if that ye
burne on the one Syde ( albeit ye do no worfe ) and fche in your Default on
the uther ye ar not only menfworne before God, bot alfb doeth quhat in
yow lyeth, to kendle againfl yourfelf his Wrath and heavy Difpleafiire.
Thefe
IB. IV. oj Kcligioiin in Scotland. 325/
Theft- Words ar fchairp, and God is "Witncs, that in Dolour of H;ii it I vvrytt
thame : Bot bccaus they ar trevv, and pronunced by God himfclf, I dar not
bot admonifch yovv, perceaving yow as it wer flcping in Sync. The proud
Stubbornncfs, quhartof your Lordlchip hes ofr complained, will nothing ex-
cufe yovv befbir God. For if ye be not able to convift hir of ony Cryme, ye
aucht to bear with uthcr Imperk-ctiouns, as that ye wald that Iche (ould bear
with yow, in the lyke. In the Bowelis of Chrirt Jefus, I exhort yow, my
Lord, tohave Refpcc> to your awn Salvatioun, and not to abufe the Lenity
and Long-fuffering of God : For it is a feirfull Treafur, that ye heap upoun
your awn Head, quhill that he calleth yow to Repentance, and yow obrtinatly
concinew in your awn Impiety ; for Impiety it is, that ye abftraft your Com--
ton and Cumpany, from your lawfull Wyfe. I wryt nothing in Defence of
hir Millvliavior toward your Lordfchip in any fort. But I (ay. If ye be not
able to convift hir of Adultery comitted fince yourlaft Rcconfiliatioun, quhilk
was in my Frefencc, that ye can never be excufed before God, of this frem-
mit and rtrange Entreatment of your Wyfe. And if by yow fick Impiety be
comitted, as is bruted, then befor God and unto your awn Conlcience, I lay
That every Moment of that filthy Pleafur, (all turne to yow in a Year's Difl
pleafur ; yea,it fill be the Occafioun andCaus of everlaftingDamnatioun, unles
fpedily ye repent. And repent ye cannot, except that ye dcfift from tiiat Im-
piety. Call to Mynd, my Lord, 7hat the Ser-oand huvxhig the JVill of his Lord
and doing the contrary fall be plagued with many Plagues. Sinne, my Lord is
fwete in drinking, bot indigefling more bitter then the Galle. The Eternall
move your Hairt carncftly to confider, how fearfuU a Thing it is ever to have
God to be ane Enemy. In the End, I moft hartly pray your Lcrdfchip, not
to be abfent from Edinburgh^ the 19th of this Inftant, for fick Caufes, as I will
not wryt. This mekle onely I forewarne your Lordfchip, that it will not be
profitable for the comone Quyetnes of this Realme, that the Papiffs bra"-, and
that Juftice be mocked that Day. And thus I ceafe farther to truble' your*
Lordlchip, quhom God afTift.
In haifl from Glafgo-iCy the 7th Miit ij6}.
Your Lordfchip's to comand in Godlines.
Sic fubfmbitur, JOHNE KNOX.
This Bill was not weill accepted of the faid Erie ; and yit did he utter no
Pairt of his Difpleafor in publick, bot contrarly fchewit himfelf molHamiliar
with the faid Johne. He kepit the Dyet, and fatt in Judgement himfelf,
quhare the Bifchope, and the reft of the Papiftes wer accufed, as efrer fol-
lows.
The Summonds wer directed againft the Mef^mongers with Expeditioun, and
in the ftraiteft Forme. The Day was appoynted, the 19th of //<?>•, a Day
only befoir the Parliament. Of the Paipes Rnychtes compeired,the Bifchope of
Sa?f^ Androis., the Pry or of i^uhit borne, the Parfone of Sanqithare, JVUl'iam
H.jwmltonn of Cxmtle'ith, 'Johne Gordonn of Barfliwgh^ with uthers dyvers. The
Proteltants convened hole, to crave for Juftice. The Quene afked Counfaill of
The Bifchope of Rof<, and of the auld Laird of Lethhigionn ( tor the younger
was abfent, and lo the Proteftants had the fewar Unf?einds ) quho affirnied,
l^hat fche uiitfi fie hir Lnzvs kept, or els fche vjJd git no Obedience. And la was
O o o o Preparatiourt
330 ^/^^ Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. IV.
Preparatioun maid for thajr Aocufatioun. The Bifchope and his Band of the
exempted Sort, maid it nyce to enter befoir the Erie of JrgjU^ quho fat in
Tudeement ; hot at laft he was compellit to enter within the Bar. A mirry
Man C quho now fleipes in the Lord ) Robert Norwell, inftead of the Bif-
chop's Croce, bure before him a Steal! Hammer ; quhareat^ the Bilchope and
his Band was not a lytle oifended, becaus the Bilchopis Privileges wer not
then current in Scotland ( quhilk Day God grant ourPofterity may fie of longer
Continewance, then we poflefTed it. ) The Bifchope and- his Fellows, efter
mekle ado, and long Drift of Tyme, cam in the Quenis Will, and wer co-
mitted to Waird, ibme to one Place, and fbme to ane uther. The Lady Erfkine
(a mete Morfell for the Devil's Mouth J gat the Bifchope for hir Pairt. All
this was done of a moft deap Craft, to abufe the Simplicity of the Proteltants,
that they fbuld not preafe the Quene, with any uther Thing concerning Maters
of Religioun.
At that Parliament, quhilk began within two Dayes thairefter, fche obtein-
ed of the Proteflants quh^tfoeiyer fche defyred. For this was the Reflbun of
mony. We fit quhat the ^ene lies done^ the lyke of this -was never hard of within
this Realme ; we will hear with the ^eney we dout not hot all fall be weill. U -
therswer of a contrary Judgement, and forfpak Things, as efter they cam to pas,
to wit, that nothing was ment bot Deceit ; and that the Quene, how fone that
ever the Parliament wer paft, fuld fet the Papifts at Fredome : And tharefoir
willed the Nobility not to be abufed, Bot becaus mony had thair private Co-
modity to be handledat that Parliament, the comone Caus was the les regairded-
The Erie of Himilie, quhofe Corps had lyen unburyed till that Tyme, it
was brocht to the Towlbuyth : He was accufed,his Armes rent off j himfelf the
Erie of Southerland, and elevin Earones and Lairds, being Gbr^oa?? to Surname,
\ver that Day forefalted. The Lady Himtlie craftilly protefted, and aiked the
Support of a }Am of Law. In that Parliament wer ref^orit the Laird ofGraiigp
in Fyfe, Mr. Henrie jSalmveis, Johue Leflie and Akxarjder Whytlaw.
Sick ftinkingPrydeof Women, as was fene at that Parliament, was never
fene befoir in Scotland. Three fundry Days, the Quene raid to the Towlbuyth.
The firft Day fche maid a painted Oratioun ; and thare mycht have bene hard
amongft hir Flatterars, wx Dian<e, The Voice of a Goddes ( for it could not be
Dei ) and not of a Woman. Godfave that fwete Face. Was thare ever Oratoiir
fpack fo properly y and fa fweitly, &c.
All Things miflyked the Precheors ; they fpack baldly againfl the targat-
ting of thair Taills, and againfl the reft of thair Vanity ; quhilk they affirm-
ed Vould provock God's Vengance, not only againfl: rhofe folifch Wemen,
bot againfl the hole Realme ; and efpecially againft thofe that manteyned
thame in that odious abufing of Things that mycht have bene better beftow-
ed. Artickles wer prefented for Ordour to be takin for Apparell, and for the
Reformatioun of uther Enormities, bot all was fcripped at.
The Evlcdome of Murray ^neided Confirmatioun, and many Things wer to
be ratifyed t;hat concerned the Help of Freinds and Servands ; and tharefore
they mycht not urge the Quene, for if they fb did, fche wald hald no Par-
liament ; and quhat i;hen fiild becume of thame that had mell^d with the
Slauchter of the Erie of Huntley.,- let that Parliament pas over; and quhen the
(^uene fall a(k any Thing of the Nobility, as fche muft do befoir hir Mar-
riage; then fbuld the Religion be the firf^ Thing that fall be eltablifched. It
was anf wered, Th.'^t the Poefs and Paynters erred not altogidder, that fained
and
Lib. IV. of jRcligioim in Scothnd. 331
and painrcd Oa-.z/w//// with a beld Hind-head: For the firft, quhcn it is
oriLicd, being lort, is hard to be recovered agane. The Mater fell fo hoDe
bctwix the Erie of Miiriiiy and ibme uthers of the Court, and Jobi^ Knox
that familiarly efter that Tjnic, they ("pack not togidder more then a Yeir
and ane half; for the fiid Jokiie by his Letter gave a Difcharge to the laid
Erie of all farther Intromiflioiin or Care with his Eltaires. He made unto
him a Diicurfe ot tkair firft Acquaintance, in quhat Eftate he was, quhcn
that firll they fpack togidder in Londone, how God had promoted him and
that above Mannis Jugemcnr, and in the End made this Conclufioun : Bot
fting that I perceave my felf frultrat of my Expet^atioun, quhilk was, That
ye fuld ever have prefered God to your awn Aftec^ioun, and the Advancement
of his Treuth to your fingulare Comoditic, I comitt you to your awn Witr
and to the conducing of thole quho better can plcale you. I praile my God
I leave you this Day Victor of your Enemies, promoted to grit Honour and
in Credit and Authority with your Soverane. If lb ye long continew none
within the Realme (all be more glad then I fall be. Bot if that efter this
ye fall decay, (as I fear ye fall) then call to Mynd, by quhat Mtanes God
exalted you ; quhilk was neyther hy bearing with Impiety j npyt^er yit by
mainteyning of peftilent Papifts. '-.,-.
This Bill and Difcharge was ^q plefing to the Flatterars of the (aid Erie
that they triumphed of it, and wer glade to have gottin thair Occafioun •
for fome envyed, that lb grit Familiarity was betwix the laid Erie ^nd Jobte
Knos ; and tharefore fra the Tyme they gat once that Occafioun to (eparat
thame, they cealcd not to caft Oyle in the burning Flamme, quhilk cea^'d not
to burnc, till that God by Water of Afflictioun began to flockin it as we
(all efter heir. Bot left that they Ibuld al togidder have bene (ene to have
forfakin God ('as in very deid, both God and his Word was far fro nj the
Harts of the moll Pairt of the Courteors in that Age, a few excepted) they
began a new Schift, to wit^ to fpcik of the Punilchment of Adultery, of\Vitch-
craft, and to feik the Refiitutioun of the Gleibs and Manfes to the Miniftcrs
ot the Kirk, and of the Rcparntimin of the Kirks; and thareby they thocht
to have plealcd the godly that wer hiely offended at thair Slacknes.
The A6t of Oblivioun paiTed, becaus Ibme of the Lords had Intereft • bof
the A6ts againft Adultery, and for the Manles and Gleibs, wer fb modi'fycd,
that no Law, and fick a Law mycht ftand m eodeiii prxciicamenlo ; to fpeili
plane, no Law, and fick Acts wer both alykc : The Acls ar in Print, let
wy(c Men read, and then accule us, if without cauls we complenc.
In the Progrelle of this Corruptionn, and before the Parliament was difiol-
ved, J ohm Knox in his Sjrmone before the mriift Part of the Nabiliry bce;nn to
rnter in a depe Diicurfe of God's Mercies quhilk that Realme had fclr,and of
that Ingratitude quhilk he efpyed almoft in the hole Mulricude,quhilk God had
marveloufly delyvered from the Bondage and Tyranny both of Body an^
Saull. And now, my Lords, laid he, I prays my God, throw Jefus Chrii^
that in your awn Prefence I may pour furth the Sorowes of my Hut ; yea,
your fclves f^ll be Wijne.ires if that. I faJI mak any Lie in Things that ar bypa^'
frome the begining of Gnd's mychty working within this Realme. I have
bene \vith you in your raajli deipcrat Tcntatiouns. AOv your awin Confci-
ences, apd let thame anfwer you before God, if .that' I (not I but God's Spi-
rit by me) in your gritteft E.xtremity wiUed you not ever to depend upoun
jour God, ar.d in his Name promifed unto you Viftory and p'refervritioun
O o o o 2 from;
g32 The Hiftorie of the Keformatioun Lib. IV.
from your Enemies, (b that ye wald only depend upoun his Proteftioun, and
prefer his Glory to your awin Lyves and warldly Comodiry ; in your niaift
extreme Dangers I have bene with you ; Sanft Johneftoun^ Couper-mure, and
the Crages of Ediiiburgh, ar yet recent in my Hart ; yea, that dark and dolo-
rous Nycht quharein all ye my Lords with Schame and Fear left this Toun,
is yit in my Mynd, and God forbid that ever I forgett it. Quhat was, I
iay, my Exhortatioun to you, and quhat is fallin in vane of all that ever
God promifed unto you by my Mouth, ye your felves yit live to teftifie.
Thair is not one of you againft quhome was Death and Deftruftioun threat-
ned, perifched in that Danger ; and how many of your Enemies hes God
plagued before your Eyes ; (all this be the Thankfulnes that ye fall rander
unto your God ? To betray his Cauls quhen ye have it in your awin Hands,
to eftablifch it as ye pleis ? The Quene fay ye will not agree with us ; afk
ye of hir that quhilk by God's Word ye may juftly requyre, and if fche will
not agree with you in God, ye ar not bound to agree with hir in the Devill ;
let hir planely underfland fo far of your Myndes, and fleall not from your
former Stoutnes in God, and he fall profper you in your Enterpryfes : Bot I
can fie nothing bot fick a reculing from Chrifi Jefus, as the Man that firft
and moft fpedily flyeth from Chrifl's Enfenzie, haldeth himfelf moft happy ;
yea, I heir fome fay. That we have nothing of our Religioun eftablifched
nether by Law or Parliament j albeit the malicious "Words of fick can nether
hurt the Treuth of God, nor yii us that thairupoun depend 5 yit the Speakar
for his Treafbne againft God comitted, and againft this pure Comone-welthe,
deferves the Gallous ; for our Religioun being comanded, and fb efiablifched
by God, is accepted within this Realme in publift Parliament. And if they
will fay, that was no Parliament, we mon, and will fay, and alfb prove, that
that Parliament was als lawfuU as ever any that pafTed before it within this
Realme, Yea, if the Ring then living was Ring, and the Quene now in this
Realme be lawfull Quene,that Parliament cannot be denyed.
And now, my Lords, to put End to all, I hear of the Quenes Mariage,
Dukes, Brethren to Emperors, and Rings ftryve all for the beft Gaine ; bot
this, my Lords, will, I fay, (note the Day, and bear Witnes efter) quhen-
Ibever the Nobility of Scotland profeffing the Lord Jefus, confents that ane
Infidell (and all Papifts ar Infidels) fall be Head to our Soverane, ye do, fb
far as in you lyeth, to banifch Chrift Jefus from this Realme ; ye bring God's
Vengeance upoun the Cuntrey, a Plague upoun your felves, and perchance
ye fail do fmall Comfort to your Soverane.
Thefe "Words, and this Maner fpeiking was judged intolerabill, Papifts and
Proteftantis wer both offendit ; yea, his moft Familiers difdained him for
that fpeiking. Placeboes and Flaterers pofted to the Court to give Advertyfe-
mcnt, that Knox had fpokin aganft the Quoins Mariage. The Proveft of Glen-
chden^ Doiiglafs of Dumlanrig by Sirman, wes the Man that gave the Charge,
that the faid Jl-one fould prefent himfelf befoir the Quene, quhilk he did loon
efter Denar. The Lord Uc/jiltrie, and diverfs of Faythfull bair him Cumpa-
ny to the Abbey, bot non paft in to the Quene with him in the Cabinet, bot
Jhone Ersk'in of Dun, then Superintendent of Angus and Mearnis. The Quene
in a vehement Fume, began to cry out, That nevir Prince was handiUed as
Iche was. I have, faid fche, borne with you in all your rigorous Maner of
fpeking, both againft mylelf and againft my Unkles ; yea, I have focht your
Favor by all pojlibill Means; I offered unto you Prefens and Audience quhenlbe-
vir
Lib. IV. of KcligioHu tn Scotland. 33^
vir it pleafit you to admonifch me, and yit I cannot be quyte of you I vovv
to God I (all be once revenged. And with tlicfe Words fcarfcly culd Mn-
nock, hir fecreit Chalmcrboy, get Napkins to hald hir Eies dry (or the Tears
And the owling, befyde womanly Wcaping, (byed hir Speach. The faid
JI.oned\d patiently abyde all the firlt Fume, and atOportunity anlu'ercd
Trcvv it is. Madam, your Grace and I have bene at diverfs Controverfies in-
to the quhilk I nevir perceavcd your Grace to be otfendit at me. Bot ouhen
it fall pleis God to delyver you frae that Bondage of Darknefs and Erruur
in the whiche ye have bene nourifched, for the Lack of trevv Doccrin your
Majefty will fynd the Liberty of my Toung nothing offcnfive. Without the
preiching Place, Madam, I think few have OccnHoun to be oftendit at me •
and tharc, Madam, I am not Marter of myfdf, bot man obey him quhJ
comands me to fpeik plane, and to flater no Ficrih upon the Face of the Eirrh
Bot quhat have yow to to do, faid fche, with my Mariage } If it pleis your
Majefty, laid he, patiently to heir me, I fall fchcw the Treuth in plane Words
I grant your Grace otfered unto me mor than evir I required ; bot my An "
fwer was then, as it is now, that God hath not fent me ro await upoun the
Courts of Princes, or upoun the Chalmers of Ladies; bot I am (cnt io preich
the Evangel! of Jefus Chnrt to fick as pleis to heir it ; and it harh two Partis
Repentance and Faytk. Now, Madam, in preiching Repentance, of Nec'effity
It is that the Syns of Men be fo noted, that they may know quhairin they
offend. Bot fo it is, that the moft Pairt of your Nobility ar fo adid d to ■
your Afteaioins, that nyther God's Word, nor yit thair Cumon-welrhe ar'richt
ly regairdcd ; and tharefor it becoms me fo to fpeak tliat tliey may knaw thair
Dewty. Quhar have ye to do, faid fche, with mv Maria£;e 1 Or quhat ar ye in
this Comon wtlrh ? A Sibjeft borne within the fam, faid'he,Madam And al-
beit I be nyther Eric, Lord, nor Barren within it, yir hes God maid me (how
abjeft that eveir I be in your Eies; a profitabill Member within the lam -Yea
Madam to me it apperteins no les ro forwairn of fick Things as may hurj
It, It I forfie thame, than it doth to ony of thcNobiiity ; for both my Voca-
tioun and Con.^cience craves Planenefs of me And tharefor, Madam, ro youifelf
I fay that quhilk I fpake in public^ Place. Quherifoevir that the Nobihty of this
Realme fall confenr, that ye be fubjec-l to an unfaythfull Husband, they do
alsmekle as in thame lyeth to renunce Chrif^, lo banifch his Treuth from
thame, to betray the Fredom of this Realme, and perchance fall in the End
do fmall Conifort to yourfelf At thefe Words owling was hard, and Tcirs
mycht have bein fene in gritter Abundance than the Mater requyred Jloue
I u u ' ' ^^'" °^r''^ '''^ S'"^'" SP^'"^ «"de befyde, and enrreited
quhat he culd to mitigat hir Anger, and gave unto hir mony pleifing Words
u\ Tl' °^^" Excellency, and how that all the PriAces of B,rope
wald be glad to ^ik hir Favour. Bot all that was to caft Oyle in the
flamming Fjje. The faid Jl^one ftude ftill without ony Alteratioun of
Cuntenance for a long SeafTon, untill that the Quene gave Place to fick in.
ordinat FafT.oun ; and m the End he faid. Madam, in God's Prefens I fpeik
abyde the Teirs of my awm Boys, quhcm my awin Hand corefls, mekle les
SorrT'" "" 3;ourMajeftysweiping: Bor feing that I have ofTbred yDu no
juft Occafioun to be offendir, bot have fpokin the Treuth, as my Vocatioun
rrhurrmv"r"r'"" ^^'^t ^nwiHingly; your Majefty 'sTeirs,rather than
1 dar.hurt my Confcience, or betray my Comon-welthe, throw my Sylince
P P P P Heir^
334 -^^-^^ Hillone of the Reformatwun L i b. IV.
Heirwith was the Quene more offendir, and comandit the faid "Jhone to pas
turth of the Cabinet, and to abyde farther of hir Pleflbur in the Chalmer.
The Laird of Dm taryed, and Lord J/jone of CoUinghame cam into the Cabinet •
and fo they both remained with hir neir the Spaice of ane Hour. The faid
Johiie ftude in the Chalmer as one quhom Men had nevir fein, (fo wer all
affrayedj except that the Lord Uchiltrie bair him Cumpany ; and tharefor be-
gan he to forge talking with the Ladies quho wer thare fitting in all thair
gorgeous Apparell, quhilk efpyed, he merily faid, O fair Ladies, how plefmg
■was this Lyfe of yoursy if it fould evir ahyde, and then in the End that ime
mycht pas to Hevin with all this gay Gear ? Bot fie upon that Knave Death, that
•will come quhidder we will or not^ and quhen he hes laid on his Areifl, the foull
Wormes will he hufie with this Flefch, he it nevir fo fair and fo tender ; And
the filly Sadly I fear, jail he fo feabilly that it can nyther cary with it Gold^
Garnifchingy 'j'argating, Pearll, nor precious Stones. And by fick Means procur*
ed he Cumpany of Women, and fo paft the Tyme till that the Laird of Dm
■willed him to depart to his Hous with new Advertifement. The Quene wald
have had the Cenfement of the Lords of Artikles, if that fic'^ Maner of fpeik-
ing defervit not Punifchment ; bot fche was counfailled to defift. And Co that
Storme quyetit in Appearance, bot nevir in the Hart.
Schort efter the Parliament, Lethingtoiin returned from his Negotiatioun in
England and France. God in the February befor had ftricken that bludy Ty-
rane the Duke of Gitifsy quhilk fbmquhat brak the Fard of our Quene for a
Seafon. Bot fchort etter the returning of Leihingtowiy Pryd and Malice be-
gan to fchew thamefelfis agane. Sche fet at Liberty the Bifchop of St. An^
drewes and the refl of the Papifls that befor wer put in Prifoun for violat-
ing of the Lawes, Lethingtoun at his returning fchew himfelf not a little ofl
fended, that ony Brute fould have rifen of the Quenes Mariage with the
King of Spain ; for he tuke upon him that fick Thing never entred in hir Hart:
Bot how trew that was, we fall efter heir. The End of all his Acquittance
and Complaint was to difcredit Johne Knox, quho had affirmed, that fick a
Mariage was both proponed, and upon the Pairt of our Quene by the Cardi-
nall accepted. Lethingtoun in his Abfence had run into ane very evill Brute
among the Nobility, for to mekill ferving the Quenes Affeftions aganfl the
Comon-welth ; and tharefor had he, as one that lacketh no worldly Wifdom,
maid Provifioun both in England and Scotland : For in England he travellit for
the Fredom of the Erie Bothwell^ and be that Meane obteined Promeis of
his Favor. He had thare alfo takin Ordor for the hamecuming of the Erie
of LevenoXy as we fall efter heir. In Scotland he joyned with the Erie of
Atholl him he promoted, and fet forward in Court, and fo began the Erie of
Murray to be defaced j and yit td the faid Ede,Lethingtoun at all Tymes fchew-
it a fair Cuntenance.
Tlie reft of that Sumer the Quene fpent in hir Progres through the wefl
Cuntrey, quhare in all Touns and Gentillmens Plaices fohe had hir Mefs j
quhilk cuming to the Ears of Jhone KnoXy he began that Form of Prayer
quhilk ordinarily he fayeth efter Thankfgiving at his Table, i. Deliver m,
O Lord, from the Bondage of Idolatrie. 2. Preferve and heap us from the Ty-
rany of Strangears. 3. Contenew us in ^eyetnes and Concord amongft ourfelfisy
if thy gude Pkffour he, O Lord, for a Seafony &c. Quhilk that dyvers of the
Familiars of the faid Jhone asked of him, quhy he prayed for Quyetnes to
continew for a Seafon, and not rather abfolutly that we fould continew In
Quyet.
Lib. IV. of Kcligiotiu in Scotland.
Qiiyetnes ? His Anfvver was, Tl.'at he durfl not pay hi hi Faytb ; am-i Entb
in God's IVord afjnted l.'im, that cou/iaiit ^ly elites culd tiol coiit'mcw in that Re-
alnie, qiihare Idolitrie had bene jufprefj'ed^ and then was permitted to he erethd ugaiie.
From the Weft Coiintrey, the Qucne part in Argyll to the Hiintin"-, and
eflcr returned to Stniing. The Erie of Murray^ the Lord Rolcrt of H?i}inide'
hous^ and Lord Johne of Coldinghame, part to the Northland, quhare tuftice
Courts werhaldin; Thcives and Murthars wer punifcht. Twa Witches wer
brunt ; the cldeft was fo bhnded with the Devill, that fche affirmed, That no
Judge had Po-xer over hir.
TiiatlameTyme Lord 7?^'^ of Co/^m^/ww depairted this Lyfe it\ Innernes.tt
was affirmed,That he comandit (ick as werbef}'d him to fay unto the Quene That
vnks jcbe left hir Idolatrie^that God mild not faill to plague hir. He atked God Mercy
T^at he had fa far borne -xiith hir in hir Impiety and had want eined hir in the f am and
that no one Thing did he more regrate^then that he fattered^fcftered and manteyned hir
in hir jyiikednes againft God and his Servanda. And in very deid grit Caus had
he to have lamented his Wickednes: For befydes all his uther Infirmities; he
in the End, for the Quenis Plefure, becam Enemy to Vertevv, and to all vcr-
teous Men, and a Patrone to Impiety to the uttermoft of his Power : Yea-
his Venome was fo kindled againft God and his Word, that in his Raee he
brufied furth thefe Words, Or I fie the ^lenis Majefty fo triibled 'with the Rayl
ing of ihir Knaves., I fall leave the heft of thame flicked in the Pulpit. Quhat
farther Vilany cam furth of baith thair linking Throttes and Mouths Modef^
ty will not fuffer us to wryte : Quhareof if he had Grace, unfainedly to re-
pent, if is no finall Document of God's Mercies. Bot how ever God wrocht
with him, the Quene regairded his Words as Wind, or els thocht thame to
have bene forged by uthers, and not to have proceided fi-om himfelf' and af-
firmed plainly, that they wer devifed by the Laird of Petaro and Mr. Jchne
Wode., quhom fche both hated, becaus they flattered hir not in hir Dancin<'
and uther Things. One Thing in plain Words fche fpak, That God tuke al-
ways from hir they Perfones, in quhom fche had grit tefl Plefure; and that fche rc-
fented. P)0t of farther Wickednes no Mentioun.
Quhill the Quene lay at Stirling., with hir Idolatry in hir Chapel), in the
palace of Halyrudehous wer left certane Dontibours, and uthers of the French
Menzie, quho raifed up thair Mefs, more publiftly then they had done at any
Tymebefoir : For upoun thofe fame Sondayes., that the Kirk of Edinburgh had
the Miniftratioun of the Lord's Table, the Papiftes in grit Number reforted
to the Abbey, to their Abhominatioun. Quhilk underfiude, dyvers of the
Brethren, being fore offended, confulted how to redres that Enormity. And
fo wer appoynted certane of the moft zealous, and mofl uprycht in the Re-
ligioun, to await upoun the Abbey, that they mycht note fick Perfones, as re-
forted to the Mefs. And perceaving a grit Number to enter into the Chapell
feme cf the Brethren bruft in alfb. Quhareat the Pricf^ and the French Dames
being afrayed, maid the Schout to be fentto the Toun. And Madame Baylie
Maifires to the Quenis Doumibouris ( for Maides that Court could not theri
Weill beir ) prfled ane with all Diligence to the Comptroller, the Laird of
Fetaro, quho then was in Sanft Gelis Kirk at the Sermone ; and cryed for his
Afl^f^?r.ce, to fave hir Lyfe, and to fave the ^enis Palace. Quho, with grifter
H?..lt thenNtid requyred, obe)ed hir Defyre, and tuke with him theProvoft
the Bailyeis, and a grit Pairt of the Faythfull. Bet quhen they came quhair
the Fear Was bruted to have bene, they fand all Things quyet, except the Tu-
P P P P 2 mulr
y
33^ '^^^^ /////or/> of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
mult they brocht with thamefelves, and peaceable Men luiking to the Papifts,
and forbidding thame to tranlgel's the Laws. Trew it is, a zealous Brother,
named Patrick Cranftomi^ paft into the Chapell, and finding the Altar covered,
and the Plreift reddy to go to tnat Abhominatioun, faid, The ^lenh Majeftie is
not hetr^ how dar thow then be jo nialapairt, as opinlie to do againft the Laws ?
No farther was done or faid. And yitthe Brute heirof was ported to the Quene,
with fick Informatioun as the Fapilies culd givej quhilk tand lick. Credit, as
thair Hairts could have wiiched for ; quhilk was fo heynous- a Cryme in hir
Eies, that Satistaftioun for that Syne was th^re none wirhouf Blude : And
tharefoir without Delay wer fummoned Juaro Armijiatig and Patrick Cranftouny
to find Surty to underly the Law, for forethoucht Felony, Hamefuckin, vio-
lent Invafioun of the Quenis Palace, and for Spoliatioun of the fame.
Thir Letters divulgat, and the Extremity feared, Brethren, the few that
wer within the Toun, confulted upoun the nixt Remedy ; and in the End
concluded, that Johne Knox^ to quhom the Charge was gevin t3 mak Adver-
tifemencs, quhenlbever Dangers fuld appear, fuld wrytt to tl e brethren i? all
Quarters, geving Informatioun as the Mater l^ude, and requyring thair AiTu
ftance, quhilk he did, in Tenour as heir foUowis.
The SUPERSCRIPTIOUN.
^hairfoevir two or thre ar gathred togidder in my Naine^ thare am I in fhe
Middes oj thame.
IT is not unknawn unto yow, deir Brethren, quhat Coitifbrt and Tranquil-
lity God gave unto us, in Tymes moft dangerous, by our Chriftiane A(^
lembleis, and godly Conferences, als oft as ony Danger appeared to ony Mem-
ber or Members of our Body. And that how that fince we have negleft-
ed, or at leaft not frequented our Conventiouns and Aflembleis, the Adverfa^
ries of Chrifl Jefus his holy Evangell, have interpryfed, and bauldened thame-
felfis publiftly and fecretly, to do mony Things odious in God's Prefence, and
maift hurtfull to the Liberty of the trew Religioun, now of God's grit Fa-
vour granted unto us. The holy Sacraments ar abufed by prophane Papifls ;
Mefles have bene, and yit ar, opinly iaid and manteined : The Blude of
fbme of our deareft Minifters hath bene fched, without Fear of Punifchmenr,
or Correftioun craved be us. And now laft ar two of our dear Brethren, Pa-
trick Craunftoun and Andro Armiftraug fiimmoned to underly the Law, in the
Tolbuyth of Edinburgh, the 24th of this inftant O^ober ; For forethocht Felouie^
pretended Murther, and for invading of the ^lenis Majefties Palace of Halie-
rudehous, with mdawfidl Convocatioun, &c. This terrible Summon ds is direft
againft our Brethren, becaus that they, with two or thre mo, pafiTed to the
Abbey upoun Sonday, the i jth of Augufiy to behald and note quhat Perfbnes
repaired to the Mefs. And that becaus upoun the Sonday befbir, the Quenis
Grace being abfent, thare rcfbrted to that Idole a rafcall Multitude, having opin-
ly the leaft devilifch Ceremony ( yea, even the Conjuring of thair accurfed Wa-
ter ) that ever they had in the Tyme of gritteft Blindnes. Becaus, I fa}', our
faid Brethren paft, and that in maift quyet Maner, fo note fick Abufars, thir
fearfull Sumonds ar directed againft thame, to mak no dout a Preparatioun
upon a few, that a Dore may be oppinned to execut Cruelty upon a gritter Mul-
titude. And it Co it come to pafe, God no dout hes juftlie recompenced our for-
mer
Lib. IV. of Rcligiouu w Scotland. 337
mer Negligence and Ingratitude, toward him and liis Benefites rcceavcd ia
our awn Bolbmcs. God gave to us a mort notable Vit^ory,of his and our Ene-
mies : He brak thairStrenth, confounded thair Counfaills, lie Cct us at Fre-
dome, and purgit this Realme, for the maift Pairt, of oppin Idolatry; to the
End, that we, ever myndfiill of Co wondcrtull a Delyverance, fuld have keipit
this Realme dene, from fick vyic Fikhincs, and damnable Idolatry. Bot we
alace ! preferring the Plefurc of Fledh and Blude, to the Plelbur and Comande-
ment of our God, have fuftcred that Idole, the Mefs, publicly to be erc^icd
agane: And tharefoir, juftly fulferis he us to fill in that Danger, that toluke
to ane Idolater, going to his Idolatry, (all be repute a Cryme, little inferiour
to Treafoun. God grant that we fall not further. And now I, quhom God
hes of his Mercy maid one amonfl mony, to travail in fetting fordward of his
trew Religioun within this Realme, feing the fame in Danger of Ruyne, can-
not bot of Confcience crave ofyow, my Brethren, of all Eftatis, that havepro-
felTed the Treuth,your Prefence,Comfort and AfTif^ance, at the laid Day in the
Toun of Edinbiirghe^ even as that ye tender the Advancement of God's Glo-
ry, the Safety of your Brethren, and your awn AfTurance, togidder with the
Prefervatioun of the Kirk in thir appearing Dangers. It may be, perchance
that Perfvvafiouns be maid in the contrary, and that ye may be informed
that eyther your Aflcmbly is not neceffar, or els that it will offend the up.
pir Powers; bot my gude Hope is, that nether Flattery nor Fear fall mak
you fo far to declyne fra Chrifl Jelus, as that againfl your publift Promife
and fblerane Band, ye will leave your Brethren in fa jufl a Caus; and albeit
thair wer no grit Danger, yet cannot our Aflemblie be unprofitable, {ov many
Things require Confultatioun, quhilks cannot be had, unles the wyfelt and
godliefl convene. And thus douting nothing of the AfTifiance of our God
if that we uniformcly feik his Glory, I ceas farther to truble you, comit-
ting you hartlie to the Proteflioun of the Eternell.
Fra Edinburgh the %tb JOHNE KNOX.
of Oftober i^^y
The Brethren advertifed be this Bill, prepared thamefclves, fa many as
war thocht expedient for every Toun and Province, to keip the Day appoynt-
ed; bot be the Meanes of fals Brethren, the Letter cam to the Handis of
the Quene, and the Maner was this. It was red in the Toun ot yiir, quhair
was prefent Roh,t Ctimngl:ame, flyled Minilier of Failfurd, quho then was hal-
dinane ernefl Profeffor of the Evangcll,quho (be quhat Meanes we know nnt)
gat the (aid Letter, and fend it with his Takin to Mr. Henry Shu/uir^ then Pre-
fident of the Sait and College of Juftice, and ftyled Bifchope of Kofs, ane per-
fyte Hypocrite, and ane conjured Enemy to Chrift Jefus, quhom God efter.
ftraik according to his Defcrvings. The faid Mr. Henry being Enemy to alf
that unfainedly profefs the Lord Jefus, bot cheifly to Johe Knox, for the Li-
berty of hisToung ; for he had affirmed, as ever Hill he does affirme, that
a Bifchope that receaves Profire and fcids not the Flock, even be his awrt
Laboures, is both a Theif and aMunhcrar: The faid Mr. Henry, we fay,
thinking himfelf happy, that had fund lb gud Occnfioun to truble him, quhofe
Lyfe he hated, polled the laid Letter with his Counlaill to the Quene, quho
then lay \n StrrMing. The Letter being red, it vsas concludit be the Coun-
fail of the Cabinet, that is, be the molt fecrete Secrete Counlaill, that it
Q q q q im.
938 The Hi/lorie of the Reformatioim Lib. IV*
imported Treafoun. Quhereof the Quene was not a lytile rejoyced ; for fche
thocht anis to be revengit of that hir grit Enemy. It was concludit, that
the Nobility fould be writtin for, that the Condemnatioun fould have the grit-
ter Ajuthoritie. The Day was appointed about the middes of December^
quhilk was keapt of the hole Counfaill, and of dyvers iithers, (Ick as the
Maifter of Ma swell, the auld Laird of Lethhigtom, and the (aid Prefident.
In the mean Tyme the Erie of Murray returned from the North, to quhom
the Secretare Lethhigtoun opened the Marer as beft pleif^-d him. The Mairter of
Maxwell ettcr maid Lord Herris, gave unto the faid 'Johne as it had bene a
Difcharge oi the Familiarity (quhilk before was grit berwix thame) unles
that he wald fptisfie the Quene at hir awn Sight. The Anfwer of Jobne
Knox was. That he knew no Offence done by him to the Qiienes Majefty,
and thairfore he wift not quhat Satisfaftioun to mak. No Offence, faid hej
Have ye not written Letters, defyrins; the Brethren from all Parts to con-
vene to Andrew Arm'tlirang and Patrick Crunjionrs Day ? That I grant, (aid
the uther ; bot tharein I acknowlege no Offence done be me. No Offence,
faid he, to convocat the Quenes Lieges ? Not for fo ji:ft a Caus, (aid the
uther, for gritter Things wer reput no Otfencie within thir two Yeirs. The
Tyme, faid he, is now uther ; for then our Soverane was abfent, and now
fche is prefent. It is nether the Abfence nor the Prefence of the Quene,
faid he, that reuies my Confcience, bot God planely fpeking in his Word ;
quhat was iawfull to me the iaft Yeir, is yit lawfull, becaus my God is un-
changeable.
Weall, faid he, Maifter, I have gevin you my Counfaill, do as ye lift,
bot I think ye fall repent it if ye bow not unto the Quene.
I und^^rftand not, (aid the Maifter, quhat ye meane ; I never maid my
felf ane adverfare Party unto the Quenes Majefty, except in the Head of Re-
ligioun, and thairuntill I think ye will not defyre me to bow.
Weall, (aid he, yc ar wyfe yneuch ; bot ye will not find that Men will
bear with you in Times to cum, as they have done in Tymes bypaft.
If God ftand my Freind, (aid the uther, as I am alTured he of his Mercy
will, fo lon^ as I depend upoun his Promife, and prefer his Glory to my Lyfe
and worldly Profile, I lytle regaird how Men behave thamefelves towards
me, nether yit know I quhareuntill any Man hes bene with me in TymeS
paft, unles it be, that of my Mouth they have hard the Word of God,
quhilk in Tymes to cum, if they refuis, my Hart will be perfeit, and for a
Seafbne will lament ; bot the Incomodity will be thair awn. And efter
thir Words (quhareunto the Larde of LorZ'zOTflr was Witnes) they departed j
bot unto this Day, the 17th December ij/i, they never met in fick Familia-
rity as they had before, &c.
The Brute of the Accufatioun of Jobne Knox being devulgat, Mr. Johie
Spenfs of Condie Advocat, a Man of gentill Nature, and ane that profeded
the Do6lrine of the Evangell, cam, as it wer, in (ecrete to Jobne Knox to
enquyre the caus of that grit Brute ; to quhom the faid Jobm was plane in
all Things, and fchew unto him the Dowbill of the Letter ; quhilk hard
and confidered, he (aid, I thank my Gad, I cam to you with ane (earfull and
forowfuU Hart, fearing that ye had done fick ane Cryme as Lawes mycht
have punifched, quhilk wald have bene no fmall Truble to the Hart of all
fick as have receavit the Word of Lyfe quhilk ye have preached , bot I de-
part gritly rejoyced, alfweili becaus I perceave your awn Comfort, even in
* the
Lib. IV. of Rciigwun in'^COXXOinA. 33^
■ ■ ■ - ■ ■* — ■ ■
the middcs of your Trublcs, as that I cicirly underftand, thar ye have com-
mirccd no fick Cryme as ye ar burdeined withi ye will be accufedjlaid hc,bot
God will afTilt you. And lb he departed.
The Erie of Murray and the Secretary fend for the fiid Joint to the Cltrk
ol Regilk-rs Hous, and bep,an to lament that he had Co hiely otfendit the
Quenes Majefty, the quhilk they feared fuld cum to ane grit Inconvenience
to himfelf, if he wcr not wyRly forelene ^ they (chew quhat Paines and Tra-
veil they had takin to mitigat hir Anger, bot they culd find nathing bet Ex-
tremity, iinles that he himfelf wald conLffe his Oifence, and put him in hir
Graces Will. To quhilk Heades the faid Jobne anfwered, as followes.
I prays my God, throuch Chriit Jcfus, {aid he, I have learned not to cry
Conjuratioun and Trealoun at every Thing that the godles Multitude does
condemne, nether yit to fear the Things that they fear ; I have the Tefti-
mony of a gude Confcience, that I have gevin no Occafioun to the Quenes
Majefty to be otfended with me, for I have done nothing bot my Dewty, and
Co quhatfoever fall thareof cniew, my gude Hope is, that my God will give
me Patience to bear it ; bot to confclFe ane Otfenfc quhare my Confcience
witnefleth thare is none, far be it fra me.
How can it be defendit, faid Leihhigtoun ; have ye not maid Convocatioun
of the Quenes Leiges? If I have not, (aid he, a juft Defence for my Fa6>,
let me (mart for it. Let us hear, faid they, your Defences : For we wald
be glad that ye mycht be fund innocent. Na, faid the uther, for I am in-
formed, that by dyvers, and evin by you my Lord Secretary, that I am al-.
ready condemned, and my Caus prejuged : Tharefore I mycht be reputed a
Foole, if I wald mak you privy to my Defences. At thofe Words they {earn-
ed both otfended ; and fb the Secretary departed, bot the faid Erie remained
ftill, and wald have enterit in farther Difcurfe of the Eftait of the Court
with the faid Jolme. Quho anfwered, my Lord, I underliand more then I
wald of the Eflfaires of the Court, and tharefore it is not neidfull that your
Lordfchip truble me with the recounting thareof. If ye ftand in gude Cais
I am content ; and if ye do not, as I feir ye do not alredy, or els ye fall not
do or it be lang, blame not me : Ye have the Counfaillors quhom ye have
chofen, my wake Jugement both they and ye defpyfed : I can do nothing
bot behald the End, quhilk I pray God be uther then my trublcd Hairt
feireth.
Within four Dayes the faid Johiie was called bef()re the Quene and Ccun-
faill, betwix fex and fevin Hours at Nycht ; the Seafbun of the Year was the
middes of He.ember ; the Brute ryflng in the Toun, that Jobne Knox was fent
for be the Quene. The Brethren of the Toun followed in fick Number, that
the inner Clofe was full, and all the Staires, evin to the Chalmer Dore
quhare the Quene and Counfaill latt, quho had bene reafbning among thame-
lelvcs before, bot had not fully fatisfyed the Secretaries Mynd. And Q-) was
the Quene retyred to hir Cabinet,and the Lords wcr talking ilk one with ano-
ther, as Occafioun fervcd. Bot upoun the Entry oi'Johne Kiios they wer com-
mandit to tak thair Places, and fo they did, fitting as Counfaillors one againft
another.
The Duke, according to his Dignity, began the one Sydc, upoun the
uther Syde fatt the Erie of £/-^)'/t', and conlequently followed the Erie of
Murray, the Erie of Glemairue, the Erie Mcrcbell, the Lord Rittbven, the co-
rn une OfRciars, /V/.nry then Comptroller, the Juftice Clerk, Mr. "Jobne Spei/s
Q q q q - of
340 The Hiftorie of the Reformat torn Lib. IV.
of CoW/> Advocatr, and dyvers uthers ftude by ; removit from the Table
fat auld Leth'mgtouH Father to the Secretary, Mr. Hemy Sinclair the Bifchop
of Roff, and Mr. James Mackgill Clerk ofRegifter.
Things thus put in Ordour the Queue cam forth, and with no litle worldly
Pompe wa§ placed in the Chair, having twa faythfull Supports, the Maifter of
Max-mli upoun the one Tor, and Secretare Lethingtoun upoun the other Tor
of the Chair, quhareupoun they waytit diligently, all the Tyme of that Ac-
cufatioun, fumetyme the one occupying hir Ear, fumtyme the uther : Hir
Pompe lackit one principall Point, to wit, womanly Gravity • for quhen fche
faw Jo/me Knox ftanding at the uther End of the Tabill bairheidit ; Iche firft
fmylit, and efter gave a gaulf Lauchter ; quhareat quhen hir Place^
hoes gave thair Plaiidite, affirming with lyke Countenance. This is ane
gude Beginning, fche faid j bot wat ye quhareat I lauch? Youne
Man gart me gritt, and grat nevir a Teir himfelf, I will fie if I can caus
him gritt. At that Word the Secretary quhifperit hir in the Ear, and fche
him agane, and with that gave him ane Letter ; efter the Infpeftioun thare-
of he directed his Viflage and Speich to Jhne Knox in this Maner. The
Quenes Majefty is informed, that ye have travellit to rayfe a Tumult of hir
Subjects aganft hir, and for Certificatioun thareof, thare is prefentit to hir
your awin Letter, fublcryvit in your Name ; yit becaus hir Grace will do no-
thing without ane gude Advyfement, (che hes conveined yow befbr this Pairc
of the Nobility, that they may witnes betwix yow and hir. Let him ac-
knawlege, faid fthe, his awin Hand-wryte, and then fall we judge of the
Contents of the Letter. And (b was the Letter presented from Hand to Hand,
to Johne Knox^ quho, taking Infpeftioun of if, faid, I gladly acknawlege this
to be my Hand-wryt : And alfo I remember, that I dytit a Letter in the
Month of O^oher, giving Significatioun to the Brethren in dyvers Quarters of
fick Things as difplefit me. And that gude Opinioun have I of the Fidelity
of the Scrybes that willingly they wald not adulterat myOriginall, albeit I left
dyvers Blanks fubfcryved with thame, and fo I acknowlcge both the Hand-
wrytt and the Dytment. Ye have done more, faid Lethingtoun^ than I wald
have done. Charity, faid the uther, is not fufpicious. Weall, weall, faid the
Quene, read your awin Letter, and then anfwer to fick Things as fall be de-
manded of you. I fall do the beft I can, faid the uther 3 and fb with loud
Voce he began to read as befor is exprefled.
Efter that the Letter was red to the End, it wasprefented agane toMx. Jhone
Spence^ for the Quene commandit him to accufe,as he efter did, bot very gentily.
Efter, we fay, that the Letter was red, the Quene behalding the hole Tabill, laid,
Hard ye evir, my Lords, ane mor defpytfull and trefTonable Letter. Quhilk
that no Man gave Anfwer, Lethingtoun addrefTit himfelf to Jhone Knox, and
faid, Maiftir Knox, ar ye not fbry from your Hart, and do ye not repent that
fick a Letter has pafTit your Pen, and from you is cum to the Rnawlege of
uthers ? Jlmie Knox anfwered. My Lord Secretary, befoir I repent I rauft be
taucht of my Offence. Offence, (aid Lethingtoun, if thare wer no more bot
the Convocatioun of the Quenes Leiges, the Offence cannot be denyit- Re-
member yourd^If, my Lord, laid the uther, thare is a Difference betwix ane law-
tul^Convocatioun and ane unlawfull. If I have been gilty in this, I offended oft
fince I cam lafl in Scotland: For quhat Convocatioun of the Brethren hes evir
bene to this Hour unto the which my Pen ferved not } And befoir this no
Man layd it to my Charge as a Cryme. Then was then, (aid Lethingtoun,
and
L I B. IV. of Rcligioun in Scotland.
and now is now; we have no Node of fick Convocatiouns as fumtynics \vc
have had. Jhne K>iox anfwercd, The Time that hes bene is evin now be-
tuir my Eyis; for I fie the pure Flnck in no Ics Danger than it hes bcin at
ony Tyme before, except that the Devill hes gottin a Viforne upoh'his Face.
Refoir he cam in with his awin Face, difcovered by oppin Tyrrany, feikine
the Deftruftioun of all that hes refufit Idolatry ; and then, I think, ye will
confcs the Brethren lawfully aircmbicd thamt-felfis for Defence of thair Lives.
And now the Devill cummes under the Clock of Jultice, to do that quhilk
God wald not futfer him to do by Strenrh. Quhat is this, faid the Quene ?
Me think ye triffle with him. Quho gave him Authority to mak Convocati-
oun of my Leiges ? Is not that Treffon ? No, Madam, faid the Lord Rni/j.
veil; for he maks Convocatioun of the Feple to heir Prayer and Sermond al-
molt dayly, and quhat ever your Grace or uthers will think tharcof, we think
it no Tredbn. Hald your Peace, faid the Qucnc, and let him mak Anfwer
for himfelf. I began. Madam, faid Jl/oi/e Kiios, to rellbun with the Secreta-
ry, (quhom I tak to be a better Dialectician thati your Grace is) that all Con-
vocatious ar no unlawfull ; and now my Lord Rutlrjeu hes gevin the Inltance
tquhilk if your Grace will deny,I fall addre!s me for the Proof I will fay norhin'''
(aid the Quene, aganit your Religion, nor aganft your convening to your Ser-
monds : Bot quhat Authority have you to convocat my Subjects quhen ye
will, without my Comandment. I have no Plelbur, faid Jhoiie Knox^ to de-
clyne fra the tbrmer Purpois; and yit. Madam, to fatisfie your Graces two
<^ueftioun<;, I anfwer, That at my Will I rievir convcinit four Perf^un? in
^i ■ lujid^ bot at the Ordour which the Brethren hes appoynted. I have gevin
dv'.ers Advertyifments, and gritt Multitudes have afTemblit thareupouri. And
it youi Grace c. mplane, that this hes bene done without your Graces Com-
mandment, I ar.lwer fa hes all that God hes blefTit within this Realme from the
Beeinnmg of this Aftioun : And tharefoir. Madam, I muft be convirtit be a
jui^ Law, that I have done aganft the Devvty of God's Meflingcr in wryting
of this Letter, before I can eyther be fory, oi- yit repent for the doing of it,
as my Loid Secretary wald perfwaid me ; for quhat I have done, I have done
at the Comandment of the generall Kirk of this Realme : And tharefoir, I
think, I have done no Wrong. Ye (all not efcape fa, faid the Quene. Is' it
not Treifoun, my Lords, to accufe a Prince of Cruelty ? I think thare be
Afts of Parliament aganft fick Quhifperers : That was grantit of mony. Bot
quhareuntill, faid JI:o)ie Kiwx^ can I be accufed. Reid this Pairt of your a\vin
Bill, faid the Quene, quhilk began, Thir fenfnll Sunmovdes ts direct againCt
tbame {to uit^ the Brethren foirfaid) to tmik, no dout, a Preparatyve on a /«w,
that a Dure may may be oppined till execute Cruelty upon a grittir Multitude. Lo*
faid the Quene, quhat fay ye to that ? Quhill mony doutit quhat the faid
Jhone fould anfwer, he faid unto the Quene, Is it lawful! for me, Madam,
te anfwer for myfelf ? Or fall I be dampned befbir I be hard ? Say quhat yd
on, faid fche; for I think ye have yneuch ado. I will firft then defyre fhts
of your Grace, Madam, and of this moft honourabill Audience, Quhidder 7f
your Grace knawis not, that the obftinat Papifts ar dcidly Enemies to all
Tick as profes the Evangell of Jefus Chrift, and that they moft erneftly de-
fyre the Exterminatioun of thame, and of the trew Doctrine that is taucht
%vithin this Realme ? The Quene held hir Peace : Bot all the Lords, with
comon Voce, faid, God forbid that eyther the Lyves of the Faythfu!l,'or yit
the ftaying of the Doarin, ftude in the Power of tke Fapifts : For juft Ex-
R r r r peri-
342 The Hijlorte of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
perience hes taucht us quhat Cruelty lyes in thair Hairts. I man proceed then,
iaid Johne Kuox^ feing that I perceave all will grant, that it wer a barbarous
Cruelty to deliroy fick a Multitude as profes the Evangel! of Chrift within this
Realme,*quhilk ofter than once or twyle they have temptit to do be Force, as
Things done of laitDays do teftifie, wherof they be God and be his Providence
being difappoynted, have invented mor crafty and dangerous Pradtifes, to wit,
to make the Prince Pairty under Colour of Law; and fo quhat they culd not
do be oppin Force they fall perform be craftie Deceit : For quha thinks, my
Lords, that the infatiabill Cruelty of the Papifts (within this Realme I meanj
{all end in the murthering of thefe two Brethren now injuftly (ummoned,
and mor unjuf^ly to be accufed. I think no Man of Jugment can fo cfteme,
bot rather the direft contrary, that is, that by this few Number they intend
to prepair a Way to their bludy Enterpryfe aganft the hole: And tharefoir.
Madam, cafl up quhen ye lift the Afts of your Parliament. I have offended
nothing aganft thame ; for I accufe not in my Letter your Grace, nor yit your
Nature of Cruelty: Bot I affirme yit agane, that the peffilent Papifis, whp
have enflamed your Grace without Caus aganfl thefe pure Men at this pre-
fent ar the Sons of the [Devill ; and tharefoir mon obey the Defyres of thair
Father, quho hes bene a Leir and a Manflayer from the Beginning. . Ye for-
cer yourfelf, faid one, ye are not now in the Pulpitt. I am in the Place, faid
the uther, quhair I am demanded of Confcience to fpeik the Treuth ; and
tharefoir the Treuth I fpeik, impugne it quhofb liff. And heirunto I add.
Madam that honeft, gentill, and meik Natures be Appearance, be wicked
and corrupt Counfellours may be fubverted, and altered to the direft contra-
ry. Exemple we have of Nero, quhom in the Beginning of his Impyre we
find having fbm naturall Schamej bot efter his Flatterars had encouraged
liim in all Impiety, alledging, that nothing was eyther unhoneff, or yit un-
lawful! in his Perfbnage, quho was Emperour above uthers; quhen he had
drunkin of this Cup, I fay to quhat Enormities he fell, the Hiflories beirs
witnes. And now. Madam, to fpeik planely, Fapif^s, and conjured Enemies
to Tefiis Chrifl, have your Graces Ear patent at all Tymes. I aflure your
Grace they are dangerous Counfellers, and that your Mother fand. As this
was faid, Lethingtoun fmirklit, and fjiack fecretlie to the Quene in hir Ear,
what it was the Tabill hard not, Bot immediatly fche adreffit hir Vifage
and Speich to Johie KnoXy and faid, Weall, ye fpeik fair ineuch heir before
my Lords ; bot the lafl: Time that I fpack withe you fecretly, ye caufir me
weip mony Salt-Tears, and faid to me flubbornly, ye fett not by my greittingj
Madam, faid the uther, becaufe now the fecond Time your Grace hes bur-
denit me with that Cryme, I muft anfwer, left, for my Sylince, I fbuld be
'haldin gilty. If your Grace be ryplie remembred, the Laird of Dun, yit le-
ving, can teftifie the Trurth, quha was prefent at that Tyme wherof your
Gra(;;e complains. Your Grace accufit me, that I had irreverently handled you
in the Pulpit ; that I denyed. Ye faid, Quhat a do had I to fpeik of your
Marriage ? Quhat was I, that I fould medle with fick Maters ? I anfwered.
As twitching Nature, I was a Worm of this Earth, and yit a Subje6l of this
Comop-w?elth. Bot as twitching the OfBce quhareuntill it had pleifed God to
place me, I was ane Watchman, both over the Realme, and over the Kirk of
God gaddered within the fame ; by RefTon quhareof I was bound in Confci-
ence to blaw the Trumpet publicly, fo oft as e¥ir I faw ony Upfall or appa-
rand Danger, eyther of the ane or the uther. Bot (a it was, that a cgrtane Brute.
aiSr<
Lib. IV. of Kcligwun tn Scotland. o-^
affirmir, that Traffique of Mariage Was betwixt your Grace and the Spjuifch
Allya i quhareunto I fiid, that gif your Nobility and States did agree onlcs
both )ou and jour Husband fould be (b (iraytly bund, that nythcr ofynu'micht
hurt this Comon-vvelth, nor yit the pure Kirk of God within the fam that
in that Cafe I wald pronunce, that the Confenters wtr Traytors to this Co-
monwelth, and Enemies to God and to his Treuth planted with the fame'
At thefe Words I grant your Grace ftormit, and burfit furth into an unrcf "
fonabill weiping. Quhat Mitigatioun the Laird of Dim wald have maid I
fupofe your Grace has not forgottin. Eot quhill that nothing was abill'to
flay your weiping, I was compelht to fay, I tak God to record, that I nevir
tuke PIcflbur to He ony Creture weip, yea, not my Children quhen my awin
Hands had bett thame, much ies can I rejoyce to fie your Grace mak fick Re
greit ; bot feing I have oflTered your Grace no fuche Occafioun, I man rather
fuffer your Grace to tak your awin Pleflour, or that I dar conceill the Treuth
and fo betray both the Kirk of God and my Comonvvelrh. Thefe wcr the
moft extreme Words that I fpack that Day. Efter that the Secretary had fe
creitly conferrit with the Quene, he faid, Maifter Knox ye may return to
your Houfe for this Nicht. I thank God and tl:e Quenes Alajefty faid the
uther. And, Madam, I pray God to purge your Hart fra Papiftri'e and to
preferve you from theCounfaill of Flatrerarsi for how pleafant that they appear
to your Eirs, and corrupt Affeftions for the Tyme, Experience hes tauchr us
in quhat Perplexity they have brocht famous Princes. Lethmgtom and the Mai-
fter of Max'xell wer that Nicht the two Stoupes of hir Chair.
Johne Knox being depairted, the Tabill of the Lords, and uthers that war
• prefcnt, wer demanded every Man be his Vote, \{Jokm Knox had not of^en-
dit the Quenes Majef^y ? The Lords voted uniformlie they culd find no Of
fence. The Quene was pafl to hir Cabinet. The Flatterers of the Court and
Lethwgtom principaUy ragit. The Quene was brocht agane, and placed Its hir
Chair, and they comanded to vote ovir agane, quhilk Thing hichly oftendit
the haill Nobility; and they began to fpeick in oppin Audience, ^uhat fall
the Land of Lethingtoun have Po-ijoer to com role us? Or fall the P>7fence\f a
Womau cans ns io ofjend God, and to condemn an Innocent aganft our Confctences
for Pleffoure of ony Creture? And fo the haill Nobility ablulvit Johne Kms
agane, and praifitGod for his Modefty, and for his plane and fenfible Anfwers
Yit before the End one Thing is to be notted, to avV, that among fa monv
Flaceboes, we mein the Flatterers of the Court, thare was not one that plane
!y durfl condemne the pure Man that was accufit, the fame God rcwiin/thair
Toungs that fum Tyme rewlit the Toung of Balaam, quhen gladly he wald
have curfit Gods Peple. This perceaved, the Quene began to upbraid Maif^er
Henry Smclare then Bifchop o{ Rofs, and faid, heiring his Vote to agree with
the reft, Trubill not the Bairne, I pray you trubill him not; for he is newly
wakened out of his Sleip. Quhy fould not the auld Fool follow theFotef^eps of
them that hes pafllt befoir him } The Bifchop anfwerit caldly. Your Grace
may confider, that it is nyther Affeaioun to the Man, nor yit Love to his
ProfefTioun, that movit me to abfolve him, bot the fimpill Treuth that plan
\y appears in his Defence, draws me efter ir, albeit that uthers wald con'
demne him and it. This being faid, the Lords and haill Affeflours araife and
departit. That Nicht was nyther dancing nor fiddeling in the Court • for
iVladam was difappoynted of hir Purpofc, quhilk was to have had Mm Knox
u hir Will be Vot§ of hir Nobility.
^ f J^ ^ 5 Jhone
$44- ^^-^^ Htftoric of the Reformat ioim Lib. IV;
yiwne Knox abfolved be the Votes of the grlttell Fairt of the Nobility from
the Crime intended aganft him, evin in the PrefenS of the Qucne, fche ragir,
and the Placeboes of the Court ftorinit ; and Co began new Affaults to be maid
at the Hands ot the faid Jhue, to confes ane Offence, and to put him in the
Quenes Will, and thay fold promeis that his gritteft Punifchment fould be to
go within the CafJel of Ediiibiirghe^ and immediatly to returne to his awin
Houfe. He anfwerit, God forbid that my ConfelTioun fbuld condemne thofe
Nobillmen that of thair Confcience, and with Difplefure of the Quene,
have abiblvit me. And farther I am affured, ye will not in erneft defire me
to confes an Offence, nnles that tharewith ye wald defyre me to ceis fra
preiching : For how can I exhort uthers to Peace and Chriftein Quyetnes if
I contes myfelf ane Authour and Mover of Seditioun.
The Generall Aflembly of the Kirk approched, quhilk began the 2jth Day
of December 1^63. Bot the juft Petitiouns of the Minilkrs, and Commiffion-
nars of the Kirks, Wer defpyfed at the firft, arid that vvith thcfe Words, Js
Miniliers will not follow our Coimfeh, fo will we fujjer Mmfttrs to labour for
thamejelfis, and fie quhat Speid they cum. And quhen the hole AfTemble faid.
If the ^lene will not provyde for cur Minifters^ we man ; for loth third And
twa Pairts ar rigoroufy tahn from ns, dnd from cur ^enents. If uthers, faid
one, will follow my Counfell, the Garde and the Papilts fall complane us long as
vur Minifters have dene. At thefe Words the former Scharpnes was coloured,
and the Speiker aHegit, that he meant not of all Minifters, bot of fijch to
tjuhom the Quene was no Debtour ;, for quhat third reflavit fche of Burrows?
Chri;iopher Goodman anfwerit, My Lord Secretary, if ye can fchaw me quhaC
juft Tytle eyther the Quene ha to the Third,or the Papifts bot to the twa Part,
then I think I fould refolve you quhidder fche wer Debitor to Miniflers with-
in Burghes vv nut. Bet thareto he reffavit this Check for Anfiver, Ne fit pe-
regrinus curiofiis in aliena repiiblica. That is. Let not a Stranger be curious in a
firange Comon-welth. The Man of God anfwerit. Albeit in your Policy I be a
Stranger, yit fb am I not in the Church of God ; and tharefore theCair thareof
perteins no les to me 'm Scotland than if I wer in the myddeft of England.
M jny wonderit at the Sylence of Jhone Knox; for in all thefe quick Reflbn-
ings he oppined not his Mouth : The Caus whareof he himfelf exprefTit in thefe
"Words. Richt honourabill and beloved Brethren, I have travellit fince mylaftAr-
ryvall within this Realme, in ane upricht Confcience before my God, feiking
nothing mor, as he is my Witnefs, than the Advancement of his Glory, and
the Stability of his Church within this Realme ; and yit of lait Days I have
bene accufed as a feditious Man, and as ane that ufurps unto myfelf Power
that becumes me not. Trew it is, I have gevin Advertyfements to the Bre-
thren in dyvers Quarters, of the Extremity intended aganfl certane Faythfull,
for luiking to a Preift going to Mefs, and for obferving of thofe that tranf^
grefTit juft Laws ; bot that thareuntill I have ufurped farther Power than is
gevin unto me, till that be you I be damned I utterly deny : For I fay that be
you (that is, by the Charge of the Generall AfTembly) I have als jufl Power
to advertyfe the Brethren from Tyme to Tyme of Dangers appeiring, as that
I have to preich the Word of God in the Pulpit of Edinburgh ; for be you
•was I appoynted to the one and to the uther : And tharefor, in the Name of
God, I crave your Jugment. The Danger that appeired to me in my Accu-
fatioun was not fo feirfull as the Words that cam to my Ears wer dolorous
to my Hart ; for thefe Words wer planly fpokin, and that by fome Prote-
ftan ts,
IB.
IV. of Riligwiai ifi Scotland. 545
ftants, ^ikit can the Riip do ma'ir tlan fend faith his Letters^ ,nid rrqit/re
tbame to be obeyed? Let mc have your Ju^mciirs tliarefiiit- quliidder chat I
have ufurped ony Power ro myfclf, or if 1 have bot obeyed yOfr Comanil-
mcnt.
The Flatterers of the Court, amanp; quhnm Sir "^ohne Ealki,.icii Jurtice
Clerk was then not the lealt, bc-7,an to (torme, and (Iiid, fill we be oinju-I-
lit to juftifie the ra(ch Doings of Men. My Lord, faid Jobiie Knos^ ye fill
fpcik your Plefure for the prefent, of you I crave nothing, bot if the Churclie
that is heir prelent, do not ether ablblvc me, or ellis condemne me, never
fdl I in publift nor in private, as ane publict Minilk-r, open my MoUth in
D •'(^rine nor in Redbning.
Efter lang Contentioun the faid 7''^'"'^ being removed, the hole Kirk find
that a Charge was gcvin unto him, to advertife the Brethren in all Ouarters
als oft as ever Danger apperit ; and thairfore avowit that Faft not to be his
only, bot to be the Fa6i of thame all. Thuirat wer the Queues Claw-backes
more enraged then ever thay wer, for fum of thame had promilcd to the
Quene to get the iaid Johm convi(5t, bothc by the Councell, and by the
Churchej and being fruftrat of bothe, fche and thay thdcht thanifelvcs not a
lytle difapoynted.
In the verray Tyme of the Generall Afltmbly thair cummis to publi(5l
Knawlege, a haynous Murther comittcd in the Court, yea not far from the
Queues awn Lapp ; for ane Frenche Woman that fervit in the Queues Chaf-
jner had playit the Hure with the Quenes awn Hypothecary ; the Woman
conce?ved and bair a Child, quhome with comune Confent the Father and
the Mother murtherit ; yit wer the Cryes of a new borne Chyld hard, fenrche
was made, the Chyld and Mother wer bothe deprehended, and fb wer borhe
the ^Lan and the Woman damned to be hanged upoun the publict Streit of
Edinburgh. The Puni(chment was notabill becaus the Cryme was heynous.
Bot yit w^as not the Court purged of Hurcs and Huredome, which was the
Fontane of fuch Enormities, for i: was vveill knawn, that Schame hailtit
Mariage betwix Jobne Sempill called the Danfer, and Marie Lningfto-ni lur-
named the Lultic. Quhat Brute the Maries and the reft of the Dawnfers of
the Court had, the Ballats of that Age did Witnes, which we for Modeftits
fake oraiit ; bot this was the comune Complaynt of all godly and wyfe Men,
that if thay thocht that Cuche a Court fuld long continew^ and if they liiikic
for none uther L>fe to cum, they wald have wifchit rhair Si)nes and Daucii-
ters rather to have bene brocht up with Fidlars and Daunlars, and to have
bein cxercifit in flinging upoun a Flure, and in the reft that tlinirof fol-
lowes, then to have bene nurifched in the Cumpany of the godly, and exef-
cifed in Vertcw, quhilk in that Court was hated, and Filthines not onWa
menteined, bot alfo rewarded; Witnes the Lordlchip of /fbirccme, the Ba- '
rony ofAhennouiie, and dyvers uthers perteyning to the Patrimony of the
Crov.'n gevin in Inheritance to Scoupperis, Daunler"?, and Dalliars with
Dames. This was the begining of the Regiment of A'/jrie Quene of Sio:!/^
and thir wer the Frufies that fche brocht furrli o( Frrnue. Lord Lie thorxi up-
oim our Miferies, and delyver i:s pane the '£yrany of that H.irc, for thy aivn Afef^
cies Sake.
God frome Kevin, and upoun the Face of the Erthe gave Declar.-tioun
that lie was offended at the Iniquity that was comittcd even within this Re-
almei for upoun the ::c. Day ofTannare thair fell Wet in great Abunda.'ice^
S f f f " quhilk
34^ The Hillorie of the KcjcrmatioHn Lib. IV.
quhilk in the falling freifit fo vehement!y,thac the Erthe was bot ane Schott of
Icej the Foules baith great and fmall trealir, and micht not flie, many deif,
and fum wer takin and layed befyde the Fyre, that thair Fethers micht re-
Ibive ; and in that fam Moneth the See ftude ftill, as was cleirly obferved,
and nether ebbit nor flowit the Space of lAe Hours. In the Moneth of Fe-
briiare, the fiftein and eightein Days thairof, wer (ein in the Firmament Bat-
tels arrayit, Speires, and uther "Weapons, and as it had bene the joynmg of
two Armies : Thir Things wer not only obftrvit, bot alfo fpokin and con-
ftantly affirmit be Men of Jugement and Credite. Bot the Quene and our
Court maid merry ; thare was banquetting upoun banquetting ; the Quene
wald banquett all the Lords ; and that was done upoun Policy to remove the
Sufpicioun of hir Difplefbur againft thame, becaus that they wald not at hir
Devotioun dampne Jo/me Knox. To remove, we {ay, that Jelowfie, (che
maid the Banquett to the hole Lords, quhareat fche wald have the Duck a-
mongft the reft. It behuifit thame to banquet hir agane ; and Co did ban-
quetting continew till Faftronevin and efter. Bot the pure Minifters wer
mocked and reputed as Monfters ; the Gaird, and the Effaires of the Kitching
wer (b gripping, that the Minifters Stipends could not be had ; and yit at
the Aflembly precedent, (blemned Promeis was maid in the Quenes Name,
by the Mouth of the Secretary Lethmgtom?^ in the Audience of many of the No-
bility, and of the hole Aflembly, quho affirmit that he had Comandement
of hir Highnes, to promeis unto thame full Contentatioun to all the Minifters
within the Realme of Things bygane, and of fuche Ordour to be keiped in all
Tymes to cum, that the hole Bodye of the Proteftants fbuld have Occafiouti
to ftand content ; the Erie of Murray affirmit the fame, with mony uther fair
Promifes gevin by writt, by Lethingtoim himfelf ; as in the Regifter of the
A6ls done in the Generall AfTembly may be fene ; bot how that or yit any
uther Thing promiied by hir or in hir Name, unto the Kirk of God, was ob»
fervit, the Warld can witnes.
The Minifters perceaving all Things tend to ruyne, difchairgit thair Con-
fcience in publift and in private ; bot they receivit for thair Laboures Indig-
natioun and Hatrent ; and among uthers, that worthy Servand of God Mr.
Johne Craig, fpeiking againi^ the manifeft Corruptioun that then without
Schame or Feir declairit the felf, (aid, Sumtymes wer Hypocrytes knawia
be thair difguyfed Habites, and we had Men to be Munks, and Wemen to
be Nunnes ; bot now all Things ar Co changed, that we cannot difcerne the
lirle from the Abbott, nor the Nun from fick as wald be haldin Nobillwemin ;
Co that we have gottin a new Ordour of Munkis and Nunnis • but, faid he,
feing ye efcheme not of that injuft Profite, wald to God that thairwith ye
had the CowU of the Nun, the Vaill, yea, and the Taill joyned withall, thai:
fo ye micht appeir in your awn Colours. This Liberty did fo provoke the
Choler of Lethingtom, that in open Audience he gave him unto the Devill,
if that ever efter that Day he fuld regarde quhat became of the Minifters,
bot he (buld do quhat he could, that his Compainyeouns fould have a Skair
with him : And let thame bark and blaw, faid he, als loude as they lift.
And fo that was the fecund Tyme that he had gevin his Defyance to the
Servands of God. And heirupone rayfe Quhifpering and Complaynts, all be
the Flatterars of the Court, compleyning that Men wer not cheritably handled.
Micht not Synnt'<5 be reproved in generall, albeit that Men wer not fo fpecially
taxed, that all the Warld mycht knaw of quhom the Freichar fpak ? Quhare*
unto
Lib. IV. oj Rcligicim in Scotland. 34.7
unto was this Anfwere maid, let Men cfchame publiclly to oiTend, and the
Minilk'rs lail aNkne from Specialities ; but Co lone; as Proteftanfs ar not e-
(chimed mnnifelily to do againft the Evangell of Jefus Chrirt, fo long can-
not the Minilters of God cea(s to cry, that God will be revenged upoun fuche
Abulars of his Holy "Word.
And thus had the Servands of God a dowbill Battcll, fechting upoun tne
one Syde againlt the Idolatry and the relt of the Abhominatiouns mcnrcvned
be the Quene; and upoun the uthcr Parte, againft the Unthanktulnes of lijche
as fumtymes wald have bene efteamed the cheit Pillaris of the Churche with-
in the Real me.
The Threatnings of the Preachars wcr feirfiill, hot the Court thocht the
felf in fuciie Security, that it culd not milcary. The Quene eftcr the ban.
quetting keipit a Dyet be the Dire(5^ioun of Monficur la Ufurie Frenche Man,
quho had bene acquainted with hir Malady befoir, being hir Phyfician : And
thairefter fchc for her fecund Tyme maid hir ProgrelTe to the Northe, and
comanJit to Warde in the Caftell of Edhilnirgh, the Erie of Cithiefs, for a
Miirther comitted by his Servands upoun the Erie oC Marchellis Men ; he obey-
it, hot he was fuddanely releived ; for fuche BKide-thrillie Men, and Papilks,
fuche as he, ar bell Subjects to our Queue. Thy Kin^-ioim cum, O Lord^
for in this Realme is nolh'ing {among fvch as foiiU pnmfch Vjce and mehteyne .
Vertew) hot Abbominjtioun ahnuding ■vc'itbout Bryddl.
The Flatterars of theCourt did dayly enrage ngainft the pure Preichars; hap-
pieft was he rhat could invent the moft bitter Taunts and di(daynfull Mockings
of the Minifters. And at lenth thay began to jeft at the Terme IdoUtile.
Affirming, Thn Men •ujifi mi quhat: they fpal\ qithen they callit the Mejs Idola-
iiie : Yea, fiim proceidit farther, shd feirit not at open Tables to affirme,'
Tlat they '■jjald fuRene the Argitment^that the Mefs ixias no Idolatrie. Thefe Things
cuming to the Eares of the Preichars, they wer proclamed in the pul lift Pul-
pit of Edinburgh, with this Complaynt, direft by the Speikar to his God. 0
Lord, how long fall the JVicktt pre-vaill againft the Jult ? Hojj long fall thou fuf-
fer ihyfelf and thy blifjed Ev^ngell to be defpyfed of Men, of Men, ixe fay, that
boaft tbamejelfis Defendars of thy Treuth ; for of thy manifeft and knaixn E-
vemies -we cowplein not ; but of fuche, as linto quhome, thou hes reveillit thy Lycht :
For now it comes unto our Earer, that Men, not Papilts, ive fay, hot cheif Frote-
ftants •vaUl defend the Mefs to he no Idolatrie. If fo "xer, 0 Lord, miferahly hai;e
I hein deceaved, and miferablie, 0 Lord, have I deceaiied thy Pepel \ qubdk tho'Xy
0 Lord, knazvis I have ever more ahhorrit lh:n a thowfand Deiths. Bot, (aicl
he, turning his Face toward the Place quhare fuche Men, as fo had afflrmir,
fat ; If I be not abill to prove the Mefs to he the mcft ahkominahill Idolatrie that e-
ver uas ufed fince the Beginning of the PVarld, I offer my felf to fuff'er the Punifch-
merit appoynted he God to a jals Teachar ; and it appeirii to me, (aid the Preach-
ar, that the Affirmar fould he fubjelled to the fame La'X : For it is the Treuih
of God that ye perjecute and hlafpeme : And it is the Inventiouns of the Devill,
that ohftinatly againft his IVord ye manteyn. ^uhareat, alleit no-ixj ye flirt and
ye flea; as thoch all that "xer fpokin -xer lot JVind, yit am I ah affured, as
lam affured that my God liveth, that fum that heir this your Deje^toun and Rayl-
ing againft the Treuth, and Servands of God, Jail fee a Parte of God's Judge-
ments poured furth upoun this Realme { and principally upoun yow thai f aft eft cleif
to the Favour of the Court ) for the Ahhom'uiaUoum that ar he yow mentenyed. Al-
beit that fuche Vehemency provokicTeares of fum, yit thofe Men that knew
S f f f 2 thamefelfr*
3-4-8 The Hijlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. IV.
thamefelfis gilty, in a moking Maner faid, We tmfl recant^ and hum our Bill,
for the Preichhars ar aiigne.
The Generall Affembly holden in 7«>m i564approchit, unto the whiche a
grit Parte of the Nobility, of thofe that ar called Proteftants, conveinit: Sum
for Afliftance of tbeMinifters, and (um to accufe thame, as we will efter heir.
A iytle befoir the(e Trubles, whiche Sathan rayfit in the Body ofthe Churche,
began one Davie, ane Italian, to grow grit in the Court. The Quene ufit
him for Secretary, in Things that aperteinit to hir (ecrete Effairs, in France
or ehquhare. Grit Men maid Court unto him, and thair Sutes wer the bet-
ter hard \ bot of his Beginning and Progres, we delay now farther to (peik,
becsus that his End will requyre theDefcriptioun ofthe hole, and referris it un-
to li che, as God (all rayfe up to do the fame.
The firrt Day of the Generall Aflembly the Courteours, nor the Lords that
dependit upoun the Court, prefentit not thamefelfis in Seffioun with thair Breth-
ren ; quhareat mony wonderit. Ane auncient and honourabill Man, the
Laird ot Lond'ie, faid, Nay, I wonder not of thair frefent ylbfence; bot I laonder
that at our laji Ajjemhly, they drew thamfelfis apart e, and joynit not with us, bot
drew frome us fum of our Miniliers, and willit thame to conclude fuche Things^
as wer never proponed in the public Affembly, quhilk apperis to me to he a Thing
very prejudiciall to the Lihertie of the Churche : And tharefoir my Judgement is,
that they fall be informed of this Offence, quhilk the hole Brethren have conceavit
of thair former Fault; humbly requiring thame, that if thay be Brethren, that
ihay will affift thair Brethren, with thair ¥re fence and Counfaill, for we had ne-
ver gritter Neid. And if they be myndit to fall back from us, it wer hetttr we
hiew it now then efterwards. Thareto agreit the hole Aflembly, and gave
ComifTioun to certane Brethren, to fignifie the Mynds of the Affembly to the
Lords, whiche was done the fame Day Efternone. The Courteours at firtt
feamit not a Iytle offended, that they fbuld be as it v.'er fufpefted of
Defeclioun : Yit nevertheles upoun the Morrow, they joynit to the Affem-
bly, and came unto it. Bot they drew agane thamefelfis, lyk as thay did befoir, a
pairt, and enterit in the inner Counfail-hous, They wer the Dukes Grace,
the Erles Argyll, Murray, Mortoun, Glencarne, Mdrchell, Rothefs, the Maifler of
Maxwell, Secretary Lethingtoun, the Juftice Clerk, the Clerk of Regifler, and
Comptroller the Laird of Petarro.
Efter a Iytle Confultatioun, they direfi a MefTinger, Maifter George Hay,
then called the Minifler of the Court, requyring the Superintendents, and
fum of the learned Minifters, to confer with thame. The Affembly anfwerit.
That they conveinit to deliberat upoun the comoun Effaires of the Kirk ; and
that tharefoir they could not lake thair Superintendents, and cheif Minifters,
who(e Judgements wer lb neceflary, that without thame the reft fbuld fitt, as it
wer idill: And tharefoir willit thame fas of befoir) that if thay acknaw-
Icgit thamfelfis Members of the Kirk, that thay wald joyn with thair Brethren,
and propone in publift fuch Things as thay pleifit ; and lb thay fbuld have
the Afliftance of the hole in all Things, that micht f^and with God's Comande-
,ment. Bot to fend from thamefelfis a Portioun of thair Cumpsny, thay un-
derftude, that thareof Hurt and Sclander mycht aryle, rather then ony Profite
or Comfort unto the Kirk : For they feirit, that all Men fould not ftand con-
tent with the Conclufioun, where the Conference and Refibuns wer but hard
of a few.
This
Lib. IV. ofRcligioim ///Scotland. 34^
This Anfwer was not gcvin without Caus ; for no fmall Travell was maid,
to have drawn in fum Minilkrs to the Faflioun of the Courteours, and to
have fuftcnit thair Arguments and Opiniouns. Bot quhen it was perccaved
be the maift politick amongrt thame, that they could not prcvaill be tlut Mean,
ihay proponit the Mater in uthcr Termes, purging thamefllfis, firft that they
never ment to feparat thamcfcjtis trom the Society of thair Brethren ; bot
btcaus they had certane Heids to confer with certane Minilk-rs • tharefoir
for avoyding of Confufioun, they thocht it more expedient to have the Confe-
rence befoir a few, rather than in the pubhft Audience. Bot the Aflembley
did ftill reply, That fecrete Conference wald thay not admit, in thele Heids
that (buld be concludit be general] Vote. The Lords promifir, That no Con-
clufioun iould be takin, neyther yit Vote requyred, till that both the Propofi-
tiouns and the RelTouns (buld be hard, and confiddered of the hole Body. And
upoun that Conditioun wer direft unto thame, with cxprefled Charge, lo con-
clude nothing, without the Knawledge and Advyfe of the AflTembley, the
Laird of Dun Superintendent of Aiigus^ the Superintendents of Lowthiatie and
Fy/>, Maifler Johne Rouv, Maifler Jobne Craig, JVilUam ClryfJifone, Mniftcr
Dwjid Lhtdefay, Minifters, with the Reftor of Sanft Aiidrois, and Maiiter
George Hay, i)\Q Superintendent ofGIaJgo-jv. Maifter Jobne JVillock was Modcratour
and Johie Knox waited upoun the Scrybe. And fb thay wer appoynted to lit
with the Brethren. And that becaus the principal] Complaynt concemit lolne
KnoXy he was al(b called for.
Secretary Lethingtoim began the Harrang, which contened thefe Heads. ///-//,
How much we wer addetted unto God, be quhofe Providence we had Li-
berty of Religioun under the Quenes Majefty, albeit that fche was not per-
(waded in the fam. Secuvdarily, How necelliry a Thing it was that the
Quenes Majef^y, be all gude Offices (fo fpack he) of the Part of the Church,
and of the Minifters principally, Ibuld be retained in that confiant Opinion,
that they unfenyitly favoured hir Advancement, and procurred hir Subjects
to have a gude Opinioun of hir. And, laft. How dangerous a Thing it was,
that Minifters fuld be notit ane to difagre from ane uther, in Form of Prayer
for hir Majefty, or in Doctrin concerning Obedience to hir Authority. And
in thefe two laft Heads, laid he, we defyre you all to be circumfpc-ct ; bot
efpecially we moft crave of you our Brother "Jolw Knos, to moderate your-
felf alfweill in Form of Prayer for the Quenes Majefty, as in Doiftrin that
ye propone concerning hir Eftate and Obedience: Nyther fall ye take thiSj
faid he, as fpokin to your Reproch, quia mens inlerdiim in corpore piiLhro, but
becaus that uthers, by your Exemple, may imitat the like Liberty, albeit
not with the fam Modefty and Forficht; and quhat Opinioun that may
ingendcr in the Peples Heids wyfe Men do forfle, ©■. The faid Jolnie
prepared him for Anfwer as follows. Gif fuch as feir God have Occaifioun
to prays him that becaus Idolatry is mantyned, the Servands of God dtfpy.
led, wicked Men placed agane in Honour and Authority, Mailter Henry Sin-
dare was a fchort Tyme before maid Prefident, quho before durit not
have fittin in Jugment ; And finaly, laid he, if we aucht to prays God be-
caus that Vyce and Impiety overflows this hole Realme without Punifchmenr,
then have we Occafioun to rcjoyce and to prays God: Bot if thefe and the
Jyke ufe to provock God's Vengeance againft Rcalmes and Natiouns, then, in
my Jugment, the Godly within Scotland aucht to lament and murne, end {'o
to prevent God's Jugments, left that he, fynding all in a lyke Security, ftr^kg
T t t .r ' i
n
3^0 The Hiftorie of the Rejormatwun Lib. I V^.
in his bote Indignatioun, beginning perchance at fuch as think they ofiend
not. That is a Held, faid Lethiugtoim^ quhareinto ye and I never agreed;
for how ar ye abill to prove, that evir God ftrack or plagued ony Natioun
or Pepel for the Iniquity of thair Prince, if tliey thameielfis lived godly? I
lucked,faid he, my Lord, to have had Audience, till I had abfoived the uther
two Pairts ; bot feeing it plefis your Lordlchip to cut me off before the myddefl,
I will anfwer to your Queffioun. The Scripture of God fchawis to me, that
Jenifalem and Juda wer punifched for the Sin of Manaffes ; and if ye will
alledge, that they wer punifched becaus they wer wicked, and offended with
their Ring, and not becaus the Ring was wicked; I anfwer. That albeit that
the Spirit of God maks for me, faying in expres Words, For the Sinus of Ma-
nalTes yet I will not be fo obftinat as to lay the hole Sin, and the Plagues
that thareof followed, upoun the Ring, and utterly abiblve the Peple ; bot I
will grant with you, that the hole Peple offended with the Ring. Eot how
and in quhat FafTioun I feir that ye and I fall not agree. I dout bot the hole
Multitude accompanied him in all the Abominatiouns which he did , for I-
dolatry and a fals Religioun hes evir bene, is, and will be plefant to the
moft Pairt of Men. Bot to affirm that all Juda comitted really the Acfs of
his Impiety, is bot to affirm, that which nether has Certainty, nor yit Ap-
pearance of Treuth : For quho can think it to be pofTibiU, that all thofe of
Jenifalem fould fo fchortly turne to externall Idolatry, confiddering the nota-
bill Reformatioun laitly before had in the Days of Ezekias : Bot yit fays the
Text Manaijes maid Jiida and the Inhabitants of Jerujalem to err. Trew it
is for the one Part, as I have faid, willingly followed him in his Idolatry,
and the uther, be RefToun of his Authority, fuffered to defyle Jerujalem^ and
the Temple of God with all Abhominatiouns, and fo wer they all criminal!
of his Sinn, the one by Aft and Deed, the uther by Suffering and Permiffioun.
Evin as haill ScotUnd is this Day gilty of the Quenes Idolatry, and ye, my
Lords . efpecially above all uthers. Weall, (kid Lethii/gtoimy that is the ch.ef
Held quharein we nevir agreed; bot of that we fall fpeik heirefter. Quhat
will ye fay as twitching the moving of the Peple to have a L,ude Opinmun
of the Quenes Majefty, and as concerning Obedience to be gevin to hir Au-
thority, as alfo of the Form of the Prayer which comonly ye ufe ? &c.
My Lord, faid he, more erneftly to move the Peple, or yit utherwyfe to
pray than heirtofor I have done, a gude Confcience will not fuffer me ; for
he quho knaws the Secreets of Harts, knaws that privatlyand publiclly I have
called unto God for hir Converfioun, and have willed the Pepel to do the
fam fchawing thame the dangerous Eflate wherin not only fche hirfelf fhnds,
bot alfo of the hole Realme, be RefToun of hir indurat Blindnefs, &c.
That is it, faid Lethit/gton^ wherin we find gritteft Fault. Your Extremity
aganft hir Mefs in particular pafTes Meafure. Ye call hir a Slave to Sathan ;
ye affirm, that God's Vengeance hangs over the Realme, be RefToun of hir Ir
niquity. And quhat is this els, bot to rails up the Harts of the Pepel aganft
hir Majel^y, and aganft thame that ferve hir? Then thare was hard ane
Acclamatioun of the reft of the Flatterars, that fuch Extremity culd not pro-
iite. The Maifter of Maxwell faid in plane Words, If I wer in the Quenes
Majeftys Place, I wald not fiiffer fuch Things as I heir. If the Words of
Preichers, faid Johne Knox, fall alwys be reft to the worfl Part, then it will
be hard to fpeik ony Thing fb circumfpectly (provyded that the Treuth be
fpokin) quhilk fall not efcape the Cenfure of the Calumniator. The mofl
vehe*
Lib. iV. of licltgiomi in Scotland. 35 f
vehcmenr, nnd as ye fpeik, cxceffive Maner of rnycr, that I ufe in publicl
is tlus. O Lord, ij thy gi.Je Picjouie h^ purge the Ihiit of the i^iei/es Majelh
from the yeuome oj h'oialry^ and deliver ku from the Bondage and T'hmUome
of Saibiin^ into the uhich jde hes bene hioitt up^ and )it rauams for the Lake
of tie-'ju Doi^riH ; and let hir fie^ ly the liinniitratioitn of ihj Hol)e Spiiii^ that thaie
is no Mean to pieis the hut Jef/u Chrift thy only Sone^ and that Jefus Chrifi can
not he junde hot m ihj holy fl'ord^ nor yit refavit hot as it prefcryhes^ ixkich is
to renitme our avuin ff'iis^ and preconcea-jed Opiniouns, and •xorfchrp the as thou
comands \ that in jo oonig (che may a'icyde that eternal/ Danmaiioitn which ahyds
all chfliruitc and impenitent unto the End-^ and that this pare Realme way alfo
efcape that Plague and I'engeance which ine^iitahly follows Idolatry ^ menteyned
aganft thy nioiiileft fl ord, and the open Licht tharerf. This, laid he, is the
Form of my cc mi.ne Prayer, as yourfelfis can wicnes. Now qiihat is wor-
thy Repiehenfioun in it I wald heir, (Sf.
Thave ar ihre Things, faid Lethingtom^ that never lyked me. And the
firft is. Ye pray for the Qucnes Majcliy with ane G-nditicun, faying, lllu-
minat hir Hart gif thy glide Pleffour he; quharby it may appear, that ye dout
of hir Converfoun. Quhare have ye Exemple of fuch Prayer? Quharc-
foever the Excmples ar, faid the uther, I am afTurcd of the Rewl, which is
this, G-f lie fall ask ony Thing according to his U'lll^ he wll heir us. And our
Ma Her Chnlt Jtlus comandcd us to pray unto our Father, 7hy Hid he done,
Bot, laid Lethingtoun, quharever fynd ye ony of the Prophets fb to have pray-
ed? It fufficerh me, faid the uther, my Lord, that the Mafler and Teacher
both of Prophets and Aprftles hes racht mc lb to pray. Eot in fo doino- faid
be, yt put a Dout in the Pcpels Heid of hir Convcrficun. Not I, my Lord
feid the uther, bot hir awn obftinat Rebellioun caufis mo than me dout of
hir Conveifioun. Quharin, faid he, rebelis Iche aganfl God ? In all theActi-
ouns of hir Lyf, laid the uther j bot in thir two Hcids efpecially. Former
That fche will not hear the prieching of the blefTed Evangell of Jefus Chrifi.
And /ecimdarily^ThsLt fche manteyns that Idoll the Mefs. Sche thinks not that
Rebellioun, faid Lethingtonn, bor gude Rel gioin. So thocht they, laid the
uther, that fLmr}mcs offered their Children unto A.'olcch^ and yit the Spirit of
God affirms, that they offered //ww unto De-iiilj^aiid not unto God And this Day
the T'ltrks think thamelelfis to have a better Religioun than the Papifls have-
and yir, I think, ye will excufe nether of thame both fiom comirin^ Rebel-
lioun aganli God : Nerher yit juflly can ye do the Qucne, onles that ye will
mak God to be partial!. Bot yit, faid Lethwgtonn^ quhy pray ye not for hir
without moving ony Dout ? Becaus, faid the uther, I have learned to pray
in Fayih; now Fayth, je knaw, defends upon the Word of Gcd, and fo it
is that the Word teaches me, that Prayers profit the Sonns and Dochters of
Cod's Eleftioun, of quhilk Number quhidder fche be ane or not, I have iufl
Caus to dout ; and tharefore I pray God il'uminat hir Hart grf his gude Fief-
four he. Bot yit, faid Lelhingioun, ye can produce the Extmple cf rone that
ib hes prayed before you. Thareto I have alredy anfwercd, laid fohne Knox.
Bot yit, fi)r farther Declaratioun, I will demand ane Queflioun, which is this*
Quidder gif ye thirk that the Apoftles prayed thamelelfis as they ccmanded
uthers to pr?y ? Quho douts of that, faid the hole Cumpany that wer pre-
fent ? Weall then, laid Johne Knox., I am affured ih:M Peter faid thefe Words
to Symon / higus., Repent tharefore of this thy fVickednes, and pray to God thai
ij it be poffibtU the Ihocht of thyneHart may he forgevin thee. Hare we may clear-
T t t t_2 j«
The Hiftorie of the Reformatioun L i b. IV.
ly fie, that Peter joyns a Conditioun with his Comandment, that Symon (lild
repent and pray, to w/V, if it wer poffible that his Sin micht be forgiven j
for he was not ignorant that fome Syns wer unto the Death, and fb without
all Hope of Repentance or Remifiioun. And think ye not, my Lord Secre-
tary, laid he, hot the fam Dout may twitch my Hart as twitching the Quenes
Converfioun, that then twitched the Hart of the Apoftle ? I wald never,
faid Lethwgtoim^ hear you or ony uther call that in dout. Eot your Will,
fiid the uther, is no A durance to my Confcience. And, to fpeik frely, my
Lord, I wonder if ye yourfelf dout not of the Quenes Converfioun j for mor
evident Sygns of Induratioun have appeared, and ftill do appear in hir, than
Peter utwardly could have efpyed in Symon Magus : For albeit fumtymes he
was ane Socerer, yit joyned he with the 'Apoftles, beleeved and was baptyzed ;
and albeit that the Venom of Avarice remaned in his Hart, and that he
wald have bocht the Holy Ghoft, yit quhen he hard the fearful! Threatnings
of God pronunced aganft him, he trembled, defyred the Affiftance of the
Prayers of the Apoftles, and fo humbled himfelf, fo far as the Jugment of
Men culd pears, lyk as a trew Penitent, and yit we fie that Peter douts ot
his Converfioun. Quhy then may not all the Godly juftly dout of the Conver-
fioun of the Quene, quha has ufit Idoltatry, quhilk is no les odious in the
Sycht of God than is the uther, and ftill continues in the (am, yea, that de-
fpyfis all Threatnings, and refufis all godly Admonitiouns ? Quhy fay ye that
Iche refufis Admonitioun, faid Lethingtoun ? Sche will gladly hear ony Man.
Bot quhat Obedience to God, faid the uther, or to his Word, enfews of all
that is fpoken unto hir? Or quhen fall fche be fene to give hir Prefens to
the publift Preaching ? I think never, faid Lethingtoun, fo long as fche is thus
entreted. And fb long, faid the uther, ye and all uthers mon be content
that I pray fb as that I may be afTured to be hard of my God, that is, that
his gudeWill may be done, eyther in making hir comfortabel to his Church,
or if that he has appoynted hir to be a Scourge unto the fam, that we may
have Patience, and fche may be brydled. "'
Weall, faid Lethingtoun, lat us cum to the fecund Head. Quhare fynd
ye that the Scripture calls ony the bond Slaves of Sathan ? Or that the Pro-
phets of God fpeak fb irreverently of Rings and Princes? The Scripture,
faid Johne Knox, fays, that ly Nature we ar all the Sonns of IVrath. Our Ma-
tter Chrift Jefus affirms, that fuch as do fmn ar Servants to Sinn, and that
it is the only Sonn of God that fets Men at Fredom. Now quhat Difference
IS thare betwixt the Sons of Wrath, the Servands of Sin, and the Slaves to
the Devill, I underftand not, except I be taught. And if the Scharpnes of
the Term offend you, I have not invented that Phrafe of fpeaking, bot have
learned it out of God's Scriptures ; for thefe Words I find fpoken unto Paull,
Behold I fend the unto the Gentiles, to oppin thair Eyes, that they may turne fra
Darknes to Licht, and fra the Power of Sathan unto God. Mark thir Words,
my Lord, and ftur not at the fpeaking of the Holy Ghoft. And the fame
Apoftle, wryting to his Scoller 'fimotheus, fays, Inftru^ with Meiknes ihofe
that ar contrary mynded, if that God at ony Tyme will give thame Repentance^
that they may know the 'Treuth, and that they may cum to Amendement out of
the Snair of the Devil, quhilk ar takin of him at his TVill. If your Lord-
(chip do rychtly confidder thefe Sentences, ye fall not only find my Words
to be the Words of the Holy Ghoft, bot alfe the Condirioun which I ufe to
add, to have the Affurance of God's Scriptures. Bot they fpeak nothing
* aganfl
IB. IV. oj Rcligictiu in Scotland. 353
acanrt Kings in fpcciall, faid Lethiii^tomi^ and yit your continuall cryine is
the Qucncs Idolatry, the Quenes Mcls will provock God's Vengeance. In
the former Sentences, laid the urher, I hear not Kings and Qucnes excepted
bot all Unfaythfiill ar pronunced to (land in one Rank, and to be in Bon-
dage to one Tyrrnnt the Devil). Bot belyk, my Lord, laid he, ye little re-
gard the Ertate wherin they Ibnd, qiihen ye wald have thame lo Mattered
that the Danger thareof Ibuld nether be knawn, nor yit declared to tlie pure
Pepel. Quhare will ye find, laid Lct}:iiigtoitit^ that ony of the Prophets did
To entret Kings and Qiienes, Rcvvlars or Magiltrates ? In mo Places than one
laid, the iiiher. A-I.\ih was a King, and 7^/i//v// was a Qiiene, and )it quhat
the Prophet Elms laid to the one and to the uther, I fupole ye be not igno-
rant. That was not cryed out before the Pepel, (aid Lethhigtoun^ to make
thame odious unto thair Subje6is. That EUds laid. Dogs fall lyck the Elude
of Achab, faid Johne Knox, and eat the Flefch of Jefabell, the Scripture allures
me : Bot that it was quhifppered in their awn Ear, or in a Corner, I read nor.
Bot the plane contrary appears to me, which is, that both the Pepel and the
Court underftude wcall eneuch quhat the Prophet had pronouncit ; for 16 wit-
nelTit Jehu, efter that God's Vengeance had Ibickcn Jefubell. They wer lin-
gular Motions of the Spirit of God, laid Letbingtouii, and apperten nothing to
this our Age. Then hes the Scripture far deceaved me, laid the uther •' for
Sanc^ Paiill teaches me, that qiibatfoe-ver is '■Mitten within the holy Scriptures
the fjin Things ar written for our Inftruflion. And my Mailter fays that
every learned and wyfe Scrybe brings furth of his Trefure both Things old and
Things new. And the Prophet Jeremy affirmes, that every Realnie, and eve-
ry City that lykwyfc offendeth, as then did jerufakm, fould lykwyfs be pu-
nilched. Quhy then that the Facts of the ancient Prophets, and the fearful!
Jugments of God executed before us upon the Difbbedient appertean not un-
to this our Age, I nether fie, nnr yit can undcrftand. Eor now, to put End to
this Heid, my Lord, faid he, the Prophets of God have not fpared to rebuke
wicked Kings, als well in thair Face as before the Pepel and Subjecls. He.
lifias feared not to lay to King Jekoraniy ^that have I to do with thee ?
Get thee to the Prophets of thy Father, and to the Prophets of thy Mother ■ for as
the Lord God of Ho/Is lives, in quhofe Sicht I ftand, if it were not that I re-
gard the Prefens of Jehofophat King of Judah, I wald not hike towards thee,
nor fee thee. Plane it is, that the Prophet was a Subjcft in the Kingdom of
Ifrael, and yit how lytell Reverence he gives to the King we hear. Jeremy
the Prophet was comanded to cry to the King and to the Queue, and to lay,
Behave yourfeJfis lowly, execute Jufiice and Jngment, or els your Car cafes fall be
ealhn to ibe Heat of the Day, and unto the Froli of the Nicht. Unto Cononias
Salt'.tm and Zedekias he fpeaks in fpccial, and fchawis unto thame in his pu-
bli(S Sermons thair miferable Ends • and tharefbre ye aucht not to think it
itrange, my Lords, faid he, albeit that the Servands of God tax the Vices
of Kings and Qncnes, even alfwell as of uther Otienders, and that bccaus
thair Synns ar mor noyfuni to the Comon-wchh tlian ar the Synns of infe-
rior Pcr(bns.
The moll Part of this Reffoning Secretary Lethingtoun leaned on the Mai-
fler of Max-yjcirs P.reafl, quho faid I am almoft wery, I wald that fum uther
wald relloun in the chief Head which is not twitched.
Then the Erie of Morten Chancel lour ccmanded Mafter George Hay to refTon
n^TiniX Johne Knox, in the Head of the Obedience dew unto Magil^rafcs, quho
U u u u began
354- ^^^^ Hiflorie of the Reformat loun Lib. IV.
besan fo to do. Unto quhom John Knox faid, Brother that ye (all re(li)n in
my contrary I am weall content, becaus I know you both a Man of Lern-
in"- and Modefty ; bot that ye (all oppon yourfelf in the Treuth quhareof I
fupofs your awin Confcience is no les perfwaded than is myne, I can not
weall approve ; for I wald be forry that I and ye fould be reputed to reffi n
as twa ScoUers of Pytha^oras^ to fchaw the Quicknes of our Ingyne, as it
wer to reflbn on both Parts. I do proteft here before God, that quhatfbever
I fuftene, I do the fame of Confcience 5 yea, I dar no mor fufkne a Propo-
fitioun knawn to myfelf untrew, than that I dar teach fals Do6lrine in the
publicl Place : And tharefore. Brother, if Confcience move you to oppon your
felf to that Do6lrin which ye have hard of my Mouth in that Matter, do it
boldly it fall never offend me, Bot that ye fall be found to oppon yourfelf
unto me, ye being perfwaded in the fam Treuth, I fay yit agane it pleifls
me not ; for tharein may be gritter Inconveniency than eyther ye or I do
confidder for the prefent.
The faid Maifter George anfwered. That I wald oppone myfelf unto you,
as willing to impugne or confute that Head of Dodbine, whiche not on-
ly ye bot mony uthers, yea, and I myfelf have affirmed, far be it from
me • for fb fbuld I be found contrarious to myfelf: For my Lord Secretary
knaws my Judgement in that Head. Marye, faid the Secretary, ye ar the
weall worfl of the twa ; for I remember yit our reflbuning quhen the
Quene was in Carrick. Weall, faid Johne Knox, feing. Brother, that God
has made you ane to occupy the Chairj.of Verity, quharein I am afTured we
agre in all principall Heads of Doftrine, Jat it never be faid that we difagree
in Difputatioun. Johne Knox was moved thus to fpeak, becaus he underflude
more of the Craft than the uther did.
Weill, faid Lethingtoun, I am fumquhat better provyded in this lafl
Head, then I was in the other two. Mr. KnoXy faid he, yifterday we hard
your Jugement upoun the 1 3th to the Romanes ; we hard the Mynd of the
Apoftle well opyned ; we hard the Caufes quhy God hes efiablifchit Powers
upoun the Erthe ; we hard the NecefTitie that Mankynd hes of the fame ;
and we hard the Dewty of Magirtrates fufficiently declared ; but in two
Things I was offended, and I think fum mo of my Lords that then wer pre-
fent : The one was, ye made Difference betwix the Ordinance of God, and
the Perfones that wer placed in Authority : And ye affirmit, That Men
micht refift the Perfones, and yit not offend God's Ordinance. This is the ane,
the uther ye had na Tyme to explane j but this me thocht ye meant, Thar
Subjects wer not bound to obey thair Princes, if they comandit unfeyfuli
Things, bot that thay micht refift thair Princes, and wer not ever bound "^o
fuffer. In very Deid, faid the uther, ye have baith richtly markit my
Words, and underfiude my Mynd; for of the fame Jugement have I long
bene, and fo yit I rcmane. How will ye prove your Divifioun and Diffe-
rence, faid Lethingtoiin^ and that the Perfbne placed in Authority, may be re-
fifted, and God's Ordinance not tranfgreffed, feing that the Apoflle fayis, He
that refifts the Po-wers, refifts the Ordinance of God ? My Lord, faid he, the
plane Words of the Apoflle makes the Difference, and the Fafts of mony
approved be God, prove my affirmative. Firfl the x'^poftle affirnies, That the
Powers ar ordeyned of God, for the Prefervatioun of quyet and peacibill
Men, and for the Ptmifchment of Malefaftors ; quhareof it is plane. That
the Ordinance of God and tht Power gevin unto Man, is one Tiling, and
* the
Lib. IV. of Rc'ngionn in ^HOtVind. 355
the Pcrlbne cltd with the Tower f,r with the Authority, is atic uthcr ; for
God's Ordinance is the rrelervatioiin of Mankynd, the runilchmcnt of Vice,
and the nienicyning ofVertew, quhilk is m itlLIf holy, juit, conftant, lia-
bill and perpetual! ; hot Men cled with the Authoritic, ar comonely pro-
phane and injuft, yea they ar mutabill and tranfirory, and fubjeft to Corrup-
tioun, as God tlireatned tlianie be his Prophet Du-ji^, ^^iy'ng> ^ ^'<rjc laid ye
ar gods^ and every cne of yon the Sones of the inoH btchefi \ hot ye fall aie as
Me»y and ye Frinces fall fall lyke irthers. Heir I am aflured, the Pcrfones,
the Saull and Bodyc, oFwickit Princes ar thrcatncd with Death ; I think, that
lb ye will not affirme is the Authority, the Ordinance and the Power quhare-
with God hes cndewic fuche Perlbnes; fJ)r, as I have (aid, as it is holye, {o
it is the permanent Will of God. And now, my Lord, that the Prince may
be refifled, and yit the Ordinance of God not violated, it is evident, for
the Peple refiltit Sanll, quhen he had fworne be the leving God that Jona-
than fould die ; the Peple, I fay, fware in the contrare, and delyverit Joua"
than, fo that a Hair of' his Heid fell not. Now Saull was thair anoynted
King, and thay wee his Subjects, and yic thay fb refiftit him, that thay made
him no better than maynfworne. I dowtc, laid LethingtoiWy if in fo doing,
the Peple did Weill. The Spirit of God, fjyd the uther, accufis thame not
ofanyCryme, bot rayther praylls thame, and damnis the Ring, alfweill for
his fulifche Vow and Law made without God, as for his cruell Mynd, that
fb Severely wald have punifchcd anc innocent Man: Bot heirin will not I
ftand ; this that followis fall confirme the former. This lame Saull com*
mandit Abmelech and the Preifis of the Lord to be llane, becaus thay had
coraittit Treafbne, as he allegit, for intercomoning with David: His Garde
and principll Servands wald not obey his injult Comandement: Bot Bocg
the Kings Flatterar put the Kings Cruelty in Exccutioun. I will not allc your
Jiigcment, Quhidder that the Servands of the King, in not obeying his Com-
mandement, refiltit God, or not ; or, quhidder Botg^ in murthering the
Freif^s, gave Obedience to ane juft Authority : For I have the Spirit of God,
Ipei .ing be the Mouth of David, to aflure me, alfweill of the one as of the
other ; for he in his 52. Pfalme, dampns that Fa(.% as a moft cruell Murther ;
and affirmes, That God wald punilch, not onely the Commander, bot nlfo the
merciles Executor : And rharefore I conclude. That thay quho gainftude his
Commandement, refiftit not the Ordinance of God- And now, my Lord,
to anfwere to the Place of the ApoRle, quho affirmes, That lliche as refilt
the Power, refirt the Ordinance of God ; I lay, that the Power in that Place
is not to be underftude of the injuft Comandement of Men, bot of the jull
Power quharcwith God hes armit his Magiftrates and Lieutenents to punilch
Sin, and to mentene Vertew. As if any Man Ibuld interpryfe to tak fra the
Hands of a lawtull Juge a Miirfherar, ane Adulterar, or anye uthcr Male-
taftour that be God's Law delervit the Death, this lame Man refiftit God's
Ordinance, and procurit to hinilelfVcngeancc and Damnatioun, bec.ius that
he ftayit God's Su-ord to ftr3k. Bot (b it is not, if that Men in the Feir of
God oppone thamefelves to the Furie and blind Rage of Princes; for lb thay
refift not God, bot the Devill, quho abufes the Sworde and Authority of God.
I undcrftand fuflicicntly, laid Lethingtoiui^ quhat ye mein ; and unto the one
Pairt I will not oppone my felf", bot I doute of the uther ; for if the Quene
wald comand me to flay Jubie Knox, becaus Iche is offended at him, I wald
not obey hir. Bot, and iTfche wald comand uthers to do it, or yit be a
U u u u 2 Co-
35 ^ The Hiftorie of the Keformatioun Lib.
Colour of Juftice tak his Lyfe frnme him, I cannot tell if I be found to de-
fend him againft the Quene and againft hir Officiars. Under Proteftatioun,
faid the uther, that the Auditor think not that I fpeik in favours of my felf,
I lay, my Lord, that if ye be perfwaded of my Innocency, and if God had
gevin yow fuche Power or Credite as micht delyver me, and yit fufferit me
to perilche, that in fb doing, ye fbuld be criminall and gilty of my Elude.
Prove that, and win the Pley, faid Lethngtoim. Weill, my Lord, faid the
uther, remember your Promife, and I fall be fchort in my Probatioun. The
Prophet Jeremie was apprehended be the Preifts and Prophets (quho wer a
Part ot the Authority within Jerufalem) and be the Multitude of the Peple,
and this Sentence was pronunced againft him, Thou fall die the Death • for
yow hes faid, this Hous fall be lyke Schiloch, and this City jail he defokite^
■without ane Inhabitant.
The Princes heiring the Uprore, cam from the King's Hous, and (at down
in Judgement, in the Entry of the new Gate of the Lord's Hous, And thare
the Preifts, and Prophets befoir the Princes, befoir all the Pepell, intendit thair
Accufatioun in thefe Words.
This Man is wort hie to die ; for he hes prophecy it againft this City, as
your Earis have hard. Jeremie anfwerit, That quhatfoever he had fpokin pro-
eedit from God ; and tharefoir faid he, Js for me, behold, I aw in your
Hands, do with me as ye think gude and right. Bot know ye for cert ane,
that if ye put me to Death, ye fall furely bring innocent Elude upoun yourfelfis,
<ind upoun this City, and upoun the Inhabitants thareof: For of a Treuth the
Lord hes fent me unto yow to fpeik all thefe Words. Now, my Lord, if the
Princes and the hole Pepell (buld have bene guilty of the Prophet's Elude,
iiow fall ye or uthers be judged innocent befoir God, if ye fall fuffer the Elude
of fuche as have not defervit Deith to be fched, quhen that ye may fave it .''
The Cafes ar not lyke, faid Lethingtoun. And I wald learn, faid the u.
ther, quhareuntill the DifTimilitude ftands. Firli, faid Lethingtoun, The King
had not condemnit him to Deith. And nixt. The fals Prophets, the Preifts
and the Pepell accufit him without a Caus ; and tharefoir thay could not be
bot gylty of his Elude. Neyther of thefe, faid Johie Knox, fechrs againft
my Argument ; for albeit that neyther the King was prefent, nor yit had
condemnit him, yit wer the Princes and cheif Counfellours thare fitting in
Judgement, quho reprefentit the King's Perfbne and Awthority, heiring the
Accufatioun layed unto the Charge of the Prophet ; and tharefoir he fore-
warnes thame of the Danger, as befoir is faid, to wit, that in cafe he fould
be condemned, and lb put to Deith, that the King, the Counfaill, and the
hole City of Jerufalem, fbuld be gyltie of his Elude, becaus he had comitred
no Cryme worthy of the Deith. And if ye think, That thay fbuld all have bene
criminall onely, becaus they all accufit him, the plane Text witnefles the con-
trare ; for the Princes defendit him, and fb no dowte did a grit Parte of the
Pepell ; and yit he boldly affirmes, that thay fbuld be all gylty of his Elude,
if that he fbuld be put to Deith. And the Prophet Ezechiel gevis the RelTbun,
quhy all ar gylty in a comone Corruptioun, becaus, layis he, I focbt a Man a-
mongft thame, that /oitld mak up tbt Hedge, and /hind in the Gape befoir vie for
the Land, that I fould not dijtroy it, but I fund none. 'Tharefoir I have pourit
fiirlh my Indignatioun upoun thame. Heirof^ my Lord, it is plane, faid he, that
God craves not onely, that a Man do none Iniquity in his awn Perfbne, but
ilfo that he oppone himfelf to all Iniquity, ib far furth as in him lyes.
Then
Lib. IV. of Hi ligioioi ifi Scothnd. 357
Then will ye, ikil f.rihin/tntw, mak Subjects to omptrol! thnr Princrs and
Rewlars. Ami i^ulnt Harnic, laid the iithtr, (ould the Comoiinwcith rc-
ceavc, if the coraipt Afttrtiouns of ie,norant Rewlars wcr modcrarcd, and (b
brydlcd be the Wittiome and Di(crctioun of f^odly Subjefts, that they (buld do
W rang or Violence to no Man? All this Reiriuiiini^, faid Lct!iirjo:ri is
out of Purpolc ; f ;r we realunc, as thoch the Qiiene ibuld bccum lick ane
Enemy to our Ri.lij:,ioun, that (che Ibuld perlequute, and put innocent Men to
Deith ; quhilk I am aflured Iche nevir thochf, nor nevir will do. For if I
(buld CiQ hir be^in at that End, yea, or if I fijuld fulj^cft ony fuche Thini;; in
hir, I fuld be a!s far tbrdward in that Argument as ye ar, or as ony uther
within the Rcalme ; bot thare is no fuche ane Thing. OurQueftioun is qiihid-
der. That we may and aucht fupprefs the Quenis Me(s ? Or quhidder, That hir
Idolatry fall be laid to our Charge? Quhat ye m-iy,(3.\A Johuc Knos^ be Force
1 difpute not ; bot quhat ye may and aucht to do be God's exprefTe Comande-
ment, that can I tell. Idolatry aucht not onely to be fupprelled, bot theldo-
latar aucht to die rhe Deirh, unles we will accufe God. I knaw, faid Leth'ntg'
ic'it, the Idolatar is comanded to die the Dcirh ; bot be quhom ? Ke the Pe-
pr!l ot God, (aid the uther. For the Comandement was maid to Ifr.ic/y as
ye may .reid. Heir Ifnielj fayis the Lord, the Statutes aini the Comaviiemetils of
the Lord thy Gid. Yea, a Comandement is gevin. That 'if it he hard, that
Ido'airy is comitted in ony cue City, that Iiiqnifition jail he takiit, and if it he found
irrjv, that then the hole Body of the Pepell fall aryfe, and dc'troy that City, [par-
ing in it neyther Man, tVoinan, tior Child. Bot thare is no Comandement gevin
to the Feple to punifch thair King, (aid the Secretary, if he be ane Idolarcr.
I find no Priviledge grantir unto Kings, (aid the uther, be God, more then unto
the Peple to offend God's Majefty. I grant, (aid Lethingtnmt ; bot yic the Peple
may not be Judge unto thair King, to punilche him, albeit he be ane Idolatar.
God, faid the uther, is the univerfall judge, alfweill to the King as to the
Feple ; (b that quhat his Word comands to be punifched in the one, is not
to be abfolved in the uther. We aggrie in that, (aid L-thingtottn. Fiot the
Peple may not execute God's Judgement, bot man leave it unto himfelf, qrh-)
will eyther punidhitby Deith, be Weir, be Imprilcjnemert, or be fum uther
Kynd of his Plagues. I knaw, faid Johne Knos, the lall Parte of your Ref-
foun to be trew ; bot for the firft, to wit, that the Peple, yea, or a Part of
the People, may not execute God's Judgement again(^ thair King, being ane
Or^'endar, I am affured ye have no uther Warrant, except your awn Imagi-
natioun, and the Opinioun of fuche as more feir to otfend Princ.s then God.
Quhy iay ye (b ? faid Lethingtoun. I have the Judgements of the moft fa-
mous Men within Europe, and of luche as )'e ynurfelf will confus both godly
and learned. And with that he callit for his Papers, whiche produced be
Maifter /?o/;«7 Maitland, he began to reid with grit Gravity, the Judgement
of Luther ^ Melanclloii, the Mynds of Bitcer, Mufciilus, and Calvine, how Chri-
ftians (buld behave thamefeves in Tyme of Perfecutioun ; yea, the Fiuik of
Bartuh was not omitted, with this Conclufioun. The gaddering of thcte Things,
fiid he, hcs cofie me mair Travel!, then I tuke thefe fevin Yeirs in rciding of
ony Comentaries.
The more Pity, faid the uther; and yit quhat ye have prdfitit your
awn Caus, let uthers judge. Bot as for my Argument, I am aflured, ye have
infirmit it nothing. For your firfl two Witnefles l})(nk againf^ the Jtuil-ap.
fiftr, quho deny that ChrifJians fould be Subjects uato Magiflrates, or yit that
X X X X i
35^ ^^•'^ i5/i//on> of the Reformat ioun Lib. IV,
it is lawful!, for a Chriftian to be a Magiftrate, Quhilk Opinioun I no les
abhore then ye, or ony uther that levis do. The uther Ipeik of Chriftians
Subieft unto Tyrants and Infidelis, Co difperfed that they have no uther Force,
bot onely to fob to God for Delyverance. That fuche indeid fould hafarde
ony further then thefe godly Men willis thame, I could not haiftily be of
Counfaill. Bot my Argument hes ane uther Ground j for I Ipeik of ane .
Peple alTembled togidder in one Body of a Comon-welthe, unto quhom God
hes gevin fufficicnt Force, not only to refift, bot alfo to fupprelFe all Kinde
of open Idolatry : And (iiche a Peple, yit again I affirme, ar bound to keip
thair Land clein and unpolluted. And that this my Divifioun fall not appeir
ftrange unto yow, ye fall underftand, that God requyred one Thing ofjlra^
lame and of his Seid, quhen he and they wer Filgrames and Strangers in
Egypt and Canaan^ and ane uther Thing requyrit he of thame, quhen thay wer
delyvered from the Bondage of Egypt ^ and the PofTefTioun of the Land oC Cam
naan granted unto thame. At the firll, and during all Tyme of thair Bondage,
God cravit no more, bot that Abrahame fbuld not defyle himfelf with Idola-
try neyther was he, nor yit his Pofterity comanded to deflroy the Idoles
that wer in Canaan or in Egypt, Bot quhen God gave unto thame the Poflef^
fioun of the Land, he gave unto thame this ftrayt Comandement, Beimart
Ihatthow mak Confederacy or League mth the Inhabitants of this Landj geve not
ihy Sones unto thair Dochters^ nor yit geve thy Dockers to thair Sones. But thus
fall ye do unto thame, cut d<mn thair Groves, diftroy thair Images, hrick down
thair Altars, and leave yonio no Kynd of Remembrance of thofe Ahhominaticuns,
^hiche the Inhabitants of the Land ufit hefoir : For yow art ane holy Peple unto
the Lord thy God. Defyle not thyfelf tharefoir with thair Gods. To this fame
Comandement, I fay, ar ye my Lords, and all fuche as have profefTit the Lord
leflis within this Realme, bound. For God hes wrocht no les Miracle upoun
yow both fpirituall and corporall, then he did upoun the carnall Seid of Abra-
iame. For in quhat Eftait your Bodies, and this pure Realme was, within
theis (cvin Yeirs, yourfelfis cannot be ignorant : Yow and it wer bothe in
the Bondage of a ftrange Natioun ; and quhat Tyrants rang over your Con-
science, God perchance may yit once agane let yow feill ; becaus that ye do
not rychtly acknawledge the Benefite receaved. Quhen our pure Brethrtn
befoir us gave thair Bodies to the Flames of Fyre, for the Teflimony of the
Treuth, and quhen fcarcely could ten be found in a Country, that richtly
knew God, had bein Fulifchnes eyther to have cravit of the Nobility^ or of
the Subje^s, the fuppreffing of Idolatry ; for that had bein nothing, bot to
have exponit the fimple Sheip in a Pray to the Wolves : Bot fmce that God
hes multiplyed Knawledge, yea, and hes gevin the Viiftory to his Treuth,
evin in the Hands of his Servands, if ye futfer the Land agane to be defyled,
ye and your Princefs bothe fall drink the Cupe of God's Lndignatioun ; iche,
for hir obflinat abyding in manifeft Idolatry, in this grit Licht of the Evangell
of Jefus Chrift, and ye, for your PermifTioun, and mcnteyning of hir in the
fame.
Lethingtoun faid. In that Point we will never agrie. And quhare find ye,
1 pray yow, that ever ony of the Prophets, or of the Apofiles taucht fuche
a Doftrine, that the Peple fould be plagued for the Idolatry of thair Prince ;
or yit, that the Subjefts micht flipprefTe the Idolatry of thair Rewlars, or pu-
nifche thame for the fame ? Quhat was the Comilfioun gevin to the Apoftles,
my Lord, faid he, we knaw it was to preich, and plant the Evangell of Jc-
* fus
IB. 1\^ of i?t'%6//;/ /■;; Scotland. 35^
fus Chrift, quhair Darkncs befoir had Dominioun : And tharefbir it behovir
thame, firrt to let thanie (le the Lichf, befoir thay lould will rhame to put
to thair Hands to fuppres Idolatry. Quhat Precepts the Apftles gave unto
the Faythfull in particular, other then that thay comandit all to Hie from 1-
dolatry, I will not affirmc. Bot I find two Things, quhilk the Faythfull did.
The one was, thay aflfiftit thair Frcichars,even againlt thair Rewlars and Ma-
j:;irtrats. The uthcr was, thay fuppreHit Idolatry quhairlbever God gave unto
thame Force, al'king no Licence at the Emperour, or of his Deputes. Keid
the ecclefiarticall Hirtory, and ye (all find Examples fufficient. And as to the
Doctrine of the Prophets, we knaw. That thay wcr Interpretars of the Law
of God ; and we knaw, that they fpak alfweill unto the Kings as unto the
Feple. I reid, That neyther of bothe wald heir thame ; and ihanfoir cama
the Plague of God upoun botfee. Bot that they more flatterit the Kings, then
they did the Peple, I cannot be perfwaded. Now God's Law pronunces
Deith, as befoir I have faid, to Idolatours without Exccptioun of ony Perfone.
Now how the Prophets could richtly interprete the Law, and (chaw the Caufis
of God's Judgements, whiche ever they threatned fbuld follow Idolatry, and
for the reft of Abhominatiouns that accumpanyit it ; for it is nevir alone \ Bot
full a corrupt Keligwim brings rxith ity a filthy and corrupt Lyfe. How, I fay,
the Prophetes could reprove the Vices, and not fchaw the Peple thair Dewty,
I underftand not. And tharefoir I conftantly beleve, that the Doftrine of the
Prophets was Co fenfible, that the Kings underftude thair awn Abhominatiouns,
and the Peple underftude quhat they aucht to have done, in punifching and
rcprefTing thame. Bot becaus that the maift Part of the Peple wcr no les
rebellious unto God, then wcr thair Princes; tharefoir the one and the uthcr
conjurit againft God, and againft his Servants. And yit, my Lord, the Fafls of
fum Prophets ar lb evident, that eafily thairof, we may colleft quhat Doftrine
thay taucht : For it wer no fmall Abfudity to affirme. That thair Fads fould
repugne to thair Dofirine. I think, laid Lethwgtomiy ye mean of the Hil^ory
of Jehu. What will ye prove thareby ? The chief Heid, faid Johne KnoXy
that ye deny, to wit, that the Prophets never taucht, that it apperteinit to the
Peple to punifche the Idolatry of thair Kings; the contrary quhareof I affirme.
And for the Probatioun, I am reddy to produce the Faft of a Prophete. For
ye knaw, my Lord, laid he, that Elifeus fent one of the Children of the Pro-
phets to anoynt Jehu^ quho gave him in Comandement, to deftroy the Sones
of his Mafter Achah, for the Idolatry comitted be him, and for the innocent
Elude that JefaMl his wickit Wyfe had fched ; quhilk he obeyed, and put
in full Executioun ; for the whiche God promifit unto him the Stability of
the Kingdome to the fourt Generatioun. Now, faid he, heir is the Tad
of a Prophet, that proves that Subje6fs wer comanded to execute God's Judge-
ment upoun thair King and Prince. Thare is yneuch, faid LetlingtouUy to be
anfwered thareunto ; for Jehu was a King befoir he put ony Thing in Execu-
tioun. And befyds this, the Faft is extraordinary, and aucht not to be imi-
tate. My Lord, faid the uther, he was a mere Subjeft, and no King quhen
the Prophet's Servand came unto him ; yea, and albeit that his Fellow-
Captanes, heiring of the MefTage, blew the Trumpet, and faid, Jehu is King.
Yit Idowtenof, bot Jejabell bothe thocht and faid, He -was a 'trnytour^ and
fb did mony uthers that wer in Ifraell and in Saniiiria.
And as twitching that ye alledge, that the Faft was extraordinary, and is
not to be imitat, I fiy, that it had the Ground of Gods ordinary Jugment,
X X X X 2 quhilk
3 1^0 The Hiflorie of the Reformatioun Li b. IV.
quhilk comands the Idolatar to die the Death 3 and rharefore I yit agane
affirm, that it is to be imitat of all thofe that prefers the trew Honour, the
trew Worlchip and Glory of God, to the AfFecliouns of Fiefche, and of wic-
ked Princes. "We ar not bound to imitat extraordinary Examples, Hiid Le.
thi>7gtom, unles we have lyke Comandnient and Affurance. I grant, (aid the
uther, if the Example repugne to the Law, as if ane avericious and deceit-
full Man wald borrow Gold, Silver, Rayment, or ony uther Neceflaries,
from their Nichboiirs, and withhald the (am, alledging, that fo they micht
do and not offend God, becaus the Ifraelites at thair departing from Egypt did
(b to the Egyptians. The Example ferved to no Purpofe unles that they culd
produce the lyk Caus and the lyke Comandment that the Ifraelites had,
and that becaus thair Facl repugnit to this Comandment of God, TJiou fall not
fieill. Bot quhare the Exampil agrees with the Law, and is as it wer the
Executioun of Gods Jugments exprefled in the (am, I (ay that the Exemple
approved of God ftands to us in Place of a Comandment : For as God in his
Nature is conftant and imutabill, (b cann he not damne in the Ages fub(e-
quent that which he has approvit in his Servands before us. Bot in his Ser-
vands before us he be his awn Comandment has approvit, that Subjeftis have
not only de(lroyit thair Rings for Idolatry, bot al(b has ruitit out thair hole Po-
(lerity, (b that none of thair Race was left efter to impyre above the Pepel
of God. Quhat(bever they did, (aid Lethingtotin^ was done at Gods Comand-
mcnt. That fortifies my Argument, faid the uther ; for God be his Comand-
ment has approvit, that Subjefts punifch thair Kings for Idolatry and Wick-
ednes be thame comitted. We have not the lyk Comandment, (aid Lething-
torn. That I deny, (aid the uther ; for the Comandment, that the Idolatar
fall die the Death, is perpetual!, as ye your(eIfhave grantit ; ye doubit on-
ly quho fbuld be the Executours againft the King, and I faid the Pepel of
God, and have (ufficiently proven, as I think, that God has raifed up the Pepel,
and be his Prophet has anoynted a King to tak Vengeance upone the King and
his Po(terity, quhilk FaftGod fen that Tyme hes never retraced; and thare-
for to me it remanes for a con(!ant and clear Comandment to all Pepel pro.
fefTingGod, and having the Power to puni(ch Vyce, quhat they aucht to do in
the lyk Ca(e. If the Pepel had interpryfit any Thing ag?nft Gods Comandment,
■we micht have doutit quidder they had done weall or evill j bot feing thae
God did bring the Executioun of his Law agane in Praftice, efter it was cum
in Oblivioun and Contempt, quhat refTonabill Man can dout now of God's
Will, links that he will dout of all Things which God renewis not unto us
be Miracles, as it wer from Age to Age. Bot I am affured, that the Anfwer
of Abraham unto the rich Man, quho being in Hell defyred that Lazarus, or
fbmc of the Dead, (buld be (ent unto his Brethren and Freindis, to forwarne
thame of hii. incredibill Pane and Torment, and that they fould behave thame*
lelfis (b that they (buld not cum in that Place of Torment; the An(wer, I (ay,
s;evin unto him, fall confound all fuch as crave farther Approbatioun of
Gods Will than is alredy exprefTed within his holy Scripture : For Abraham
faid, 7bey kave Mofes ai;A the Prophets, quhome if they mil not beleeve, nether
•voill they beleeve albeit that ony of the Deid fuld ryfe agane. Even Co (ay I, my
Lord, that fuch as will not be taucht what they aucht to do, be the Com-
mandement of God anes gevin, and anes put in Pra6tife, will not beleeve
nor obey, albeit that God (buld (end Angels from Heaven to inftruft that
DoiSrin. Ye have produced bot one Example, faid Lethin^tom. One (uffi-
ceth,
Lib. IV. of Rcligioim in Scotland. 3^f
ceth, (aid the uther ; bo: ycr^ God be pralcd, w c lak not uthers J fur the
hole Pcpcl cunlpyred aganft Amafiab King of Jt'^^t^ efter that he had turned
away from the Lord, followed him to Lachefs^ and flew him, and tuk Opah
and anoyntcd him King in rtead of his Father. The Pepe! had not altogid-
der forgottin the League and Covenant which was maid betwix thair Kings
and thame, at the Inauguratioun of Joas\-\i^ Father, to wit, that tie King ah\i
the Pe^d Jouli h the Fepel of the Lord, and then fould they be his faytlifull
Subjcfis; from the which Covenant, quhen that firft the Father, and efter the
Son dedyncd, they vver both punifchcd to the Death, Joas be his avvh Ser-
vanti and Amafiab be the hole Pepel. I dout, faid Lethhrgtoun, quhether they
did weall or not. It fall be free for you, (aid the uther, to dout as you
pleis ; bot quhare I fynd Exccutioun according to Gods Law, and God him-
self not to accufc the Doars, I dar hot dout of the Equity of thair Caus;
And farther it appears to me, that God gave fufficient Approbatioun and Al-
lowance of thair Fa^^ ; for he blefTit thame with Victory, Peace and Profpe-
rity the Space cf fifty two Years efter. Bet Frofperity, (aid Lethingtom, does
not always prove, that God approves the Fa(5ts of Men. Yis, (aid the other
quhen the Fafts of Men agre with the Law of God, and ar rewarded accord-
ing to Gods awn Promile expreffit in his Law ; I (ay, that the Profperity fuc-
ceding the Faft is a moft infallible Aflurance, that God has approved that Faft.
Now' (o it is, that God hes promifit in his Law, that quhen his Pepel (all
exterminat and deflroy fuch as declyn from him, that he will bles thame
and multiply thame, as he hes promifit unto thair Fathers. Bot (b it is
that Anhifus turnit fra God ; for Co the Text does witnes ; and plane it is the
Pepel flew thair King ; and lyk plane it is, that God blefTir thame: Tharefore
J'it agane conclude I, that God approvit thair Fat^ in (b far as it was done
according to Gods Comandment, was blefTit according to hisPromis. Weaif
faid Letkingtoun, I think not the Ground Co fure, as I durft build my Con(cience
thareupoun. I pray God, (aid the uther, that your Cbnfcience have no war
Ground than this is, quhen(berer ye fall begin that lyk Wark which God irl
your awn Eyes hes alredy bleflit. And now, ray Lord, (aid he, I have boc
ane Example to produce, and then I will put ane End to my refTonin"' becaus
I wery langer to ftand. {Comandment was geviri that he fould fit dov'n ; hot he
refufit, and faid, Melancholioiis Rejfouns zvald have finn Mirtfj intermixed.) My
hl\ Exemple, (aid he, my Lords is this. Ujias the Ki»ig, not content of his
Royall Eftate, malepartly tuk upon him to enter within the Temple of the
Lord, to burn Incenfe upon the Altar of Incen(e, and Aiariat the Prieft -juent
in efter him, and with him f our f core Prieft s of the Lord, valiant Men, and they
•withftude Uzias the King, and faid untd him. It apperteneth not unto Uzias to
hum Inrence unto the Lord, hot to the Priefis, the SoMs of Aaron, that ar confe-
crated to offer Licence ; go furth of the SaiuJuary, for thou his tranfgrefit^ and
you fall have no Honour from the Lord God. Heirof, my Lords, I conclude
that Subjefls not only may, bot al(b aucht to with(^and and refid their Princes,
quhenfoever they do ony Thing that exprefly repugnes to God his Law, or
holy Ordinance.
They that withftude the King, (aid Lethingtoun, were not fimpell Subje%,
bot were the Priefis of the Lord, and Figures of Chryft, and fick Priefts
have we none this Day, to withftand Kings gif they do wrang. That the
hie Prieft was the Figure of Chryft, faid the uther, I grant ; bot that he wai
toot a Subjeft that I deny ^ for I am afTured, that he in his Priefihood had
Y y y y n^
q62 The Hiflorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. IV.
no Prerogative above thofe that pafTit before him. Now Co it is,that yfarow was
{ubieft unto MofeSy and callit him his Lor J. Samiuil being both Prophet and
Trieft, fubjefts himfelf to ^^jw//, efter he was inaugurat of the Pepil. Zadock
bowed before Jbavid^ and Abiathar was depofed from the Priefthood by Solomon^
quhilk all confefTing thamefelfis Subjects to the Kings, albeit that tharewith
they ceifit not to be the Figures of Chrift. And quhareas ye (ay, that we
have no fuch Fri«fts this Day, I micht anfwer, that nether have we fuch Rings
this Day as then wer anoyntcd at Gods Comandment,. and fat upoun the Seat
of David, and wer no les the Figures of Chrift Jeiiis in thair juft Admini-
ftratioun, than wer the Friefts in thair appoynted Office. And fuch Kings I
am affured we have not now more than we have fuch Priefts : For Jefus
Chrift being anoynted in our Nature, of God his Father, both King, Prieft
and Prophet, hes put End to all fuch external] Unction: And yit I think ye
will not fay, that God has now deminifcht his Graces fi-om thofe quhom he
appoynts Ambafladours betwixt him and his Pepel, than that he does from
llings and Princes: And tharefore, quhy that the Servants of Jefus Chrift may
not als juftly withftand Rings and Princes, that this Day no lels offend Gods
Majefty than Uzias did, I fee not, unles that ye will fay, that we, in the
Brichtnes of the Evangel], ar not fb ftraytly bound to regard God's Glory,
nor yit his Comandment, as wer the Fathers quho lived under the darlc Scha-
dows of the Law. Weall, faid Lethhigtoiin^ I will dipp no farther in that
Head. Bot how refiftit thePriefts the Ring? They only fpak unto him with-
out ony farther Violence intendit. That they withftude him, faid the uther,
the Text affures me ; bot that they did no Thing bot fpak, I cannot under-
ftand ; for the plane Text affirms the contrary, to ivit, that they caufit him
baftily to depart from the Sanctuary, yea, that he was compellit to depart ;
quhilk IVIaner of fpeiking I am afllired, in the Hebrew Toung imports uther
Thing than exhorting, or comanding be Word. They did that, faid Lethingm
jouMy efter that he was efpyed leprous. They withftude him before, faid the
uther; bot yit thair laft Fa6t confirms my Propofition fo evidently, that fiicli
as wald oppone thamefelfis unto it, muft nedes oppone tliame unto God ; for
my Aftertioun is, That Rings have no Priviledge mor than hes the Pepe] to
offend Gods Majefty ; and if that fb they do, that they ar no mor exempted fjotn
the Punifchment of the Law, than is ony other Subje(31;; yea, and that Subjects
may not only lawfully opone thamefelfis to thair Rings, quhenfoever they do
ony Thing that exprefly repugnes Gods Comandment, bot alio that they may
execute Jugment upoun thame according to Gods Law ; fo that if the King
be a IMurtherer, Adulterar, or Idolatar, he fbuld flifFer according to God's
Law, not as a King bot as ane Offendar, and that the Pepel may put God's
Law in Executioun, this Hiftory cleirly proveth : For how fbne that the Le-
profie was efpyed in his Foirhead, he was not only compellit to depart ouc
of the Sanftuary, bot alfb he was removit from all publift Society, and Ad-
miniftratioun of the Kingdome, and was compellit to dwell in a Houfe apart,
even as the Law comandit, and gat no gritter Prerogative in that Cafe than
ony uther of the Pepel fbuld have done ; and this was executed by the Pepel ;
for it is na dout bet mo wer Witnes of his Leprofie than the Priefts alone.
Bot we find none oppone thamefelfis to the Sentence of God pronunced in
his Law aganft the Leprous : And tharefore, yit agane fay I, that the Pepel
aucht to execut God's Lav; even aganft thair Princes, quhen that thair Opyn
Cryms be Gods Law defervit Death, bot efpecially quhen they ar fick as may
infefl
Lib. IV. of Kcligiotm in Scotland. 3 63
infca the reft of the Multitude. And now, (aid he, my Lords, I will reflbn no
langcr ; for I have fpokcn mor than I intcndu. And yit, faid Lethingtoim^
I cannot tell quhat can be concludit. Albeit ye cannot, faid the uther, yir
I am afliired quhat I have proven, to -xit^
1. 'Jlat Suhjecls have ddyvered am Innocent fra the Hands of tbair King and
thireiintill ojjendit not God. '
2. That Sub]e,ls have refufit to ft ink Innocents quhcn a King comnnindit, and
in fo doing denyit no jujt Obedience.
3. That jvche as ft ruck at the Cowandment of the King were reputed Mart herars.
4. That God has not only^ of a Subject maid a King, hot alfo has armit Suh-
jecls aganft thair naturall Kwgs^ and contandit thame to take Vengeance upoun
tbame according to his Law.
5. Jnd, laft, That God's Pepel hes executed God's Law aganft thair King hav-
ing no farther Regard to him in that Behalf than if that he bad bene the moft
fvnple Subject within the Realme.
And thairfore, albeit ye will not underftand quhat (buld be concluded, yit
I am not afTured, That not only may God's Peple, bot alfo, that they ar
bound to do the fame, quhare the lyke Crimes ar comitted, and quhen he
gevis unto thame the lyke Power, Weill, (aid Lethingiowt, I think ye fall
not have many learnit Men of your Opinioun. My Lord, faid the uther
the Treuth ceifis not to be the Treuth, how(bcver it be, that JMen either
mil'knaw it, or yit gainftand it. And yit, (aid he, I lake not the Confent
of God's Servands on that Heid. And with that he prcfentit the Secretary
the Apology of Madgehurgh ; and willit him to reid the Names of the Mini-
fters, quho had fubfcryvit the Defence of the Town to be a moft juft De-
fence ; and thairwith add it. That to refift a Tyrant, is not to refift God nor
yit his Ordinance. Quhilk quhen he had red, he fcrippit and (aid. Homines
dfcuri. The uther anfwerit, Dei tameii fervi. And (b Lethingtotm aro(e and
feid, My Lords, ye have hard the RefTons upoun borhe Parties j it becumis
you now to dccyde, and to put ane Ordour to Preichars, that they be uniforme
in Doftrine. May we, think ye, tak the Quenes Mes frome hir } Quhill
that fum began to geve their Votes, ffor fum wer appoynted, as it wer Lea-
dars to the reft) Johne Knox faid, my Lords, I fuppofe that ye will not do
contrary to your Lord(chips Promeis maid to the hole AlTembley, quhilk was
That nothing fould be voted in Secrete, till that firft all Maters fuld be de-
bated in publick, and that then the Votes of the hole AfTembley fould put
End to the Controverfie. Now have I fuftenit the Argument onely, and
have rather fchawin my Confcience in moft fimple Maner, then that I have
infiftit upcun the Force and Vehemence of onye one Argument : And thair^
fore I for my Parte utterlye dilfent from all voting, till that the hole Aflem-
bly have hard the Propofitiouns, and the Reafons of bothe Parties ; for I un-
faynedly acknawlege, that manye in that Cumpanye ar more abill to fuftene
the Argument than I am. Think ye it reafonabill, faid Lethingtoun, That fick
a Multitude as is now conveined, fould Reffone and Vote in thefe Heids
and Maters that concern the Quenes Majefties awn Perfone and Effaircs. I
think, faid the other, that quhatfbever fould bind the Multitude, the Multi-
tude fould heir, cnles that they have refignit thair Power unto thair Com-
ir.ifTioners, quhilk rh^y have not done, fa far as I underftand; for niy Lord
Juftice Clerk hard thame with ane Vote fay. That in nowayis culd thay con.
lent that any Thing fould either heir be voted or concludit. I cannot telJ
y y y y a iaid
3^4 '^^■'^ Hi/iorte of the Reformatioim Lib. IV.
(aid Lethingtoun^ if my Lords that be heir prefent, and that moft bear the
Burdenes of luche Maters, fould ht bound to thair Will. Quhat fay ye, (aid
he my Lords, will ye -vote in this Mater, or will ye not vote ? Efter lang
Reafbning, dim that wer maid for the Purpofe, (aid, Quhy may not the Lords
vote, and then (chaw unto the Kirk quhatfoever is done. That apperis unto
me, faid Johne Knox^ not onely ane backward Ordour, bot alio a Tyranny u-
lurped upoun the Kirk : Bot for rne, do as ye lift, (aid he, for as I reafbri'
(olvote; yit protefting as before, that I difTent frome all voting, till that
the hole AlTembly underftand alfweill the Queftiouns as the Reafouns. Well^
faid Lethingtom, that cannot be done now, for the Tyme is (pent j and
thairfore, my Lord Chancellour, (aid he, afk ye the Votes, and tak eve^-y ane
of the Mini(^ers and ane of us. And (b was the Re clor of Sanci: Androis
comanded firft to (peik his Con(cience: Quho faid, I refer it to the Super-
intendent of Fyfey for I thinke vve ar bothe of one Jugement ; and yit, faid
he, if ye will that I (peik firft, my Confcience is, that if the Quene oppone
hi.r(elf to our Religioun, quhilk is the only trew Religioun, that in that ca(e
the Nobility and States of this Realme, that have profeffit the trew Doctrine,
may juftly oppone thamefelves unto hir : Bot as concerning hir awn Mef<;, I
knaw it is Idolatry, bot I am not yit refolved, quhither that by Violence we
may tak it from hir or not. The Superintendent of Fyfe (aid. That fame is
my Confcience : And fo affirmit (um of the Nobility. Bot others voted
frankly, That as the Mefs was Abhominatioun, (b was it ju(t aiid rycht that
it fuld be reprefTed , and that in Co doing, Men did no more wrong to the
Quenes Majeftie, then thay that (buld be Force tak from hir ane poyfbnit
Cupe, quhen (che wer going to drink it. At laft Mr. Johie Craige^ fellow
Minifter with Joh/ie Knox in the Churche of Edmhurgh^ 'U'as requyred to geve
his Jugement and Vote ; quho (aid, 1 will gladely fcliaw unto your Honours
quhat I underftand j bot I gritly dowte, quhither my Rnawlege and Conlci-
ence (all fatisfie you, feing that ye hard (b many Rea(bns, and ar (b lytl6
moved with thame: Bot yit I (all not conceill fra you my Jugement, ad-
hering firft to the Proteftatioun of my Brother, to ixit^ That our Voting pre-
iuge not the Liberty of the Generall AfTembly. I vvas, (aid he, in the Uni-
vexfny of Bowma, in the Yeir of God 1562, quhare, in the Place of thfe
Black-Freiris of the (ame Town, I faw in the Tyme of thair Generall Al^
fembley this Conclufioun (et forth j this fame I hard reafonit^ determined
and concludit.
CONCLUSIO.
PR'mnpes omms iarfi fiipremi, quam mferiores, pojjimt S dehent reformar'j^ vel
depon't per eos, per quos eligmtur^ confirmantur vel admittuntur ad cfficium ;
quoties a fide prteftita fubditis^ per jurAmentmny deficiunt. ^uoniam relatio jit--
ramenti fubditorum & prmipitm mutua eft, & utrinque aequo jure fervanda S re-
formanda, juxta legem ^ condittonem juramenti, ah utraque parte fa^'t. That is.
All RewlarSy be thay Supreme or be they Inferiour^ may and aucht to he reform'
ed or depofed be thofe, be quhome thay ar chofeii, confirmed or admitted to thair
^Office, ah oft as thay break thair Prmneis maid be Othe to thair Subjects y he-
caus that the Prince is no lefs bound to the Subjects, than ar the Subje^s to thair
Princes, and thairfore aucht it to be keiped and reformed equally^ according to the
Law and Conditioun of the Othe that is maid of either Partie.
~ This
Lib. IV. of licligioim in Si:ot\and. 3^5
Tliis Conclufinun, my Lor(I<:, I hard flinenit and CDncludir, as I have faid,
in a mort notabill Auditour, The Sudcnar was a Icarnit Man, Maimer 7/<?-
ttias c^e Fniola, the Rector of the Univcdlry, a Man lamous in that Cimtrcy :
Mr. yiucentiits de Placeut'uiy affirmit the Conclufioun to be mn[\ trcw and ccr-
tane, agreabill bothe with the Law of God and Man. The Occafioun of the
Difpuratioun and Conclufioun, vv.-w a ccrtane DKordour and Tyrany that was
attempted be the Popes Govcmours, quho began to male Innovatiouns in the
Cuntrey againli the Lawis that wer before elbbliiched, alleging thamefelfis
not to be fubjecl to fuchc Lawe^, be reaf^ne that thay wer not inftitutc by
the Feplc, bot by the Pope, quho was King of that Cuntrey : And thairfore
they having full Comiflioun and Authority of the Pope, micht altar and
change Statutes and Ordinances of the Cuntrey, without all Confent of the
Pep'.e. Againft this thair ufurped Tyrany, the learned and the Peple opponic
thamefelfis opinly. And quhcn that all Reafons whiche the Popes Gover-
nours could allege wer hard and confuted, the Pape himfelf was fane to tak
up the Mater, and to promeis to keip, not onely the Liberty of the Peple,
bot alfo that he fould nether abrogat anye Law or Stature, nether yit mak
anye new Law, without thair awn Confent. And thairfore, faid he, my
Lords, my Vote and Confcience is, That Princes ar not onely bound to keip
Lawis and Promifes to thair Subjects, bot alio, that in cafe they faill, thay
juftly may be depofed, for the Band betwix the Prince and the Peple is rcci-
prock. Then ftart up a Claw back of that corrupt Court, and faid, ye wate
not quhat ye fay j for ye tell us quhat was done in Bonoiiia ; we ar in a
Kingdome, and they ar bot a Comone-welthe. My Lord, faid he, my Juge-
ment is. That every Kingdcme is a Comone«welthe, or at leafl fbuld be,
aibeit that every Comone-welthe is not a Kingdome ; and thairfore, I think,
that in a Kingdome, no lefs Diligence aucht to be takin, that Lawes be not
violated then is in a Comon-welthe, becaus that the Tyrany of Princes, quho
continewally ling in a Kingdome, is more hurtfull to the Subjefts then is
the Myfgovernment of thefe that fra Yeir to Yeir ar changed in tree Com-
mone.welths. Bot yit, my Lords, to affure yow and all uthers farther, that
Heid was difputed to the uttermoft j and in the End it was concluded, that
thay fpak not of fuche Things as wer done in dyvers Kingdomes and Nations
be Tyrany and Negligence of Peple. Bot we conclude, laid thay, quhat
auchr to be done in all Kingdomes and Comon-welthis, .-iccording to the Law
of God, and unto the juft Lawis of Men, and if be the Negligence of the
Peple, or be Tyranny of Princes, contrary Lawis have bein made j yit may
that fame Peple, or thair Poflerity, juftly crave all Things to be reformed,
according to the originall Inflitutioun of Rings and Comone-welths. And
fuche as will not do lo, defcrve to eit the Frute of thair awin Fulifchnes.
Mr. James Mcugill then Clerk of Regif^cr, perceaving the Votes to be dif-
ferent, and heiring the bold Playnefs of the foirfaid Servand of God, faid, t
remember that this fame Qucftioun was lang debated anes before this in my
Hous, and thair by Reafbne that we wer not all of one Mynd, it Vvas con-
cluded, that Mr. Knox fbuld in all our Names have wrirtin to Maifter CaU
I'in for his Jugement in the Conrraverfie. Nay, faid Johne Knox, my Lord
Secretary wald not confent that I fbuld wrytc, alledging, that the grirteff Wecht
of the Anfwere ftude in the Narrative, and thairfore promifit that he wald
wryte, and that I fould fee it. But quhen, faid he, dyvers Tymes I requy-
Z z z z rit
The Htflorie of the Reformat ioun Li b. IV.
rit him to remember his Promeis, I fand nothing hot delay. Quhairto the
Secretary did anfwere, trew it is, I promifit to wryte, and trew it is, that
Maifter Knox requyrit dyvers Tymes me (b to do. Bot quhen I had ryplie
advyfit, and had more deiply confiderit the Wecht of the Mater, I begEn to
find mo Dowtes then that I did JDefore, and this one amongft others, how
durft I being a Subjeft, and the Quenes Majefties Secretary, tak upoun me to
(eik Refolutioun ot'Controverfies depending betwix hir Hichnefs and hir Sub-
iefts without hir awn Rnawledge and Confent. Then was thair :!ne Acda-
matioun of the Claw-backs of the Court, as if Jpollo had gevin his Refpons.
It was wyfely and faythfully done.
Weill, Hiid 'Jobne KiioXy let warldly Men prayfe warldly Wifdome fb hie-
ly as thay pleis, I am allured, that be fuehe Schifts, Idolatry is mentened,
and the Treurh of Chrift Jefus is betrayed, quhareof God wiU one Day be re-
ven"-ed. At this and the lyke Scharpenes, manye offended, the voting ceifit,
and every Faftioun began playnly to fpeik as Affeflioun moved thame. 'johne
Knox in the End was comanded yet to wryte to Mairter Calvine, and to the
learned in uther Churches to know thair Judgements in that Queftioun,
quhiche he refufit, fchawing this Reafbne, I my felf am not onely fully re-
folved in Confcience, bot alfb I have had the Judgements in this and all u-
ther Things that I have affirmit within this Realme, of the mofl godly and
learned that be knawn in Europe. I came not to this Realme without thair
Refolutioun, and for my AfTurance I have the Hand wrytings of many, and
thairfore if I fuld now move the fame Queftioun agane, quhat fould I do o-
ther bot either fchaw my awin Ignorance and Forgetfulnc:, or ellis Incon-
ftancy ; and thairfore it may pleis yow to appardone me, albeit I wryte not.
Bot I will teiche you the fiirar Way, whiche is this, that ye wryte and com-
plene upoun me, that I teiche publi6tly, and affirme conftantly, fuch Doctrine
as offends you, and Co fall ye knaw thair plane Mynds, and quhider that I
and thay aggrie in Jugement or rot, Dyvers (aid the Offer was gude, bot
no Man was found that wald be the Secretary, and fo did that Affembley
and long reffonyng breck up. Efter whiche Tyme the Minifters, whiche wer
called precyfe, wer haldin of all the Courteours as Monfters. In all that
Tyme the Erie of Murray was fo fremmed to Johm Knox^ that neyther b#
Word nor be Wryte was thair any Comunicatioun betwix thame.
The End of the Fourth B u i k.
THE
3^7
THE
FIFTH B U I K
OF THE
REFORMATIOUN
O F
The Church of SCOTLAND.
N the nixt Moneth, which was Jidy, the Quene went
into A:bolex.o the Hunting; and from thence fche maid
hir Piogres into Murray, and returned to Fyfe in Sep-
temher. All this While thare was Appeirance of Love
and tender Freindfchipe berwix the two Quenis j
for thare wer mony Letters, full of Civility and Com-
plements, fent from eyther of thame to the uther, in
Si<;,ne of Amity, befjdes coftly Frefents forToCr.ens.
And in the mean Tyme the Erie of Lenox laboured
to come Home furth of Fi^gldnnf; and in the Moneth of OHohr he arryved
at Halyriidhiis, qiihair he was graciocfly receaved be the Quenis Majefty ;
namely, quhen he had prcfented the Quene of Evghvid hir Letters, written in
his Favour. And bccaus he could not be reflorcd to his Lands, without Aft
of Parliament ; tharefore thare was a Parliament procured to be haldcn at £-
dinhurgi:, the i ^th Day of December. Bot befbir the Quene would caus to
prodame a Parliament, Iche dclyred the Erie Murray, by quhois Means cheif.
ly the (aid Erie ofLfw.vcame into ScotLind, that thare (chouid no Word be
fpoken, or at leaft concluded, that concerned Religioun in the Parliament.
Z 2 7. z 2 Bet
3^8 The Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. V.
Bot he anfered, That he could not promife it. In the mean Tyme the Haiiiil-
tomis and the Erie of Lenox wer agreed. ^
At the Day apppointed, the Parliament was held at EJtnhurgh, where the
faid Erie ot Leuos was reftored, efter two and twenty Yeirs Exile. He was
banifched, and forfyted by the Baniil/oims, quhen thay had the Rule. There
wer fome Articles gevin in by the Kirk, efpecially for abolifching of the Mefs
univerfally, and for Punifchment of Vice ; bot thare was little Thing granted,
fave that it was ftatute, That fcandalom Livers fould be punijchid^ fir ft by Prifouu^
and then publilily fchawn unto the Peple with Ignominy ; bot the fam was not
put in Excutioun. In the End of this Month of December, the Generall Af
fembly of the Kirk was held at Edinburgh^ many Things wer ordained for fetl-
ing of the Aftairs of the Church.
In the End of January the Quene part to Fyfe, and vifiting the Gentilmens
Houfes, was magnificently banquetted everyquher, fb that (uche Superfluity
was nevir feen befoir within this Realme ; whiche caufed the wylde Fowl to
be fo dear, that Patridges wer fold for a Crown a Piece. At this Tyme was
granted by an Aft of Parliament, the Confirmatioun of the Fewes of Kirk
Lands, at the Defire of divers Lords, quhareof the Erie of Murray was chief.
During the Quenis Abfence, the Papifts of Edinburgh went down to the Chap-
pell to heir Mefs ; and feeing thare was no Punifchment, they waxit more
bold : Some of thame thinking thareby to pleife the Quene, upoun a cer-
tane Sunday in February, they maid ane Even-fbng of thair awn, fetting two
Preifts on the one Syde of the Quire, and one or two on the uther Syde,
with Sandy Stevin Menftrall f bapti2,ing thair Children, and making Mar-
riages ) who, within eight Days efter, was convinced of Blafphemy, aliedging
'I'hat heviald give no moir Credit to the New Teftament, then to a Tale 0/ Ro-
bin-Hood, except it moer confirmed be the Dolours of the Church. The faid
fuperftitious Evenfbng was the Occafioun of a grit Slander ; for many wer of^
fended with it ; which being by the Brethren declared to the Lords of the
Privy Counfaill, efpecially to the Erie of Murray, quho lamented the Caus
to the Quenis Majefly, fchewing hir quhat Inconveniency fchould come, if
fuche Things wer futfered unpunifched. And efter fcharp Reafouning, it was
promifed, that the lyke fould not be done hcirefter. The Quene alfo al-
ledged, That they wer a grit Number, and that fche could not trouble thair
Confcience.
About the cioth of this Month awived at Edinburgh, Henrie Stewart, Lord
Barnlie ; from thence he part to Fyfe. And in the Place of Weymis he was
admitted to kifs the Quenis Hand ; quhome fche lyked fb weill, that fche pre-
ferred him to all uthers, as fall heirefter, God willing, be declared. Soon
efter, in the Month of March, the Erie Both'voell arrived out of France ; quher-
at the Erie of Murray was hichly offended, becaus of the evill Report maid
to him of the Lord BothixeU. And pafTing immediately to the Quenis Ma-
iefty, demanded of hir, if it was hir Will, or by hir Advice, that he was
come Home ; and feing he was his deidly Enemy, eyther he or the uther
fbuld leive the Cuntrey ; and tharefoir defired that he micht have Juflice. Her
Anfwer was, That feing the Erie Bothwell was a Nobleman, and had done
hir Service, fche could not hate hira : Nevertheles fche would do nothing
that micht be prejudicial 1 to the Erie of Murray, bot defired that the Matter
micht be taken away. Within few Days fche caufed fummone the Erie Both;
-joeU, to anfwer tc the Courfe of Law, tlie cd of May, for the Confpiracy
which
IB. V. of Rcligiotm in^QCXlind. 36 Q
which the Erie of ylijue had allcdgcd two Ycirs bcfoir, and for the breaking
of the Ward of the Caftlc. In the mean while thare was nothinc; in the
Court, hot Banqtictting, tialling, and Dancing, and uthcr (iich ricarures, as
wer meet to provoke the dilbrdered Appetite ; and all for the Entertainment
of the Quenis Ccl'Jln from Enj^lam^, the Lord Darnlre, to quhom fchc did
fchcw all the Exprcfiiouns imaginable of Love and Kindr.cfs.
Within few Days, tiie Quene being at Smlmgy Ordour was given to Secreta-
ry Le'.bingtofm io^TLS to \.\\c C^xmnc of Fjigljiicf. The cheif Point uf his Mcf-
lage was, to declare to the Qucnc of Bi-lan^^ That the Quene was minded to
marry her Coufin the Lord Burnley; and the rather, becaus he was Co neir of
Bliidc to both Quenis : For by his Mother, he was Coufin Germane to the
Quene of itcotivid, alio of neir Kindred, and of the lam Name by his Father :
His Mother was Coufing German to the Quene of EngLwJ. He:rmark God's
Providence ; Ring Jairia the filth having lolt his two Sones, did declare his
Refolutioun to mak the Erie of Leiios his Heir of the Crown ; bot being pre-
vented by fudden Dcith, that bcfign ceafed. Then came the Erie of Lenox
trorh France^ with Intentioun to niar;-y King Jama his Widow, bot that failed
alio: He marries Maris Douglas^ and his Sone marrieth Marie-y King Jamet
the fifth his Dauchter. And lb the Kingis Defire is fulfilled, to wit, the
Crown condneweth in the Name, and in the Famil}'. The Quene of £;(g/.w^
nevertheles fchewed hirfelf nothing plenfed tharewith, bot rather declared,
that Iche would in nowife lufler her Subjects to mak fuch Contra6ts cr Alli-
ance that micht be prejudicall to hir ; and for the fam Purpofe, fent a Port
to the Quene with Letters, Vv-harein (che complained gritly of the Mynd of
our Mirtris, feing the grit Affeftioun Iche bare to hir, intending to declare
hir Heretrix of hir Realme of £//^/..'«<t', provyding only that fche would u(e
hir Counfaill in Marriage ; bot (che could nor approve hir Marriage with the
Lord Daniky, althouch he was thair neir Coufin by Birth, fj-nce he was below
the Rank of the Quene by Conditioun, being bot a private Subjeft. At the
lam Tyme fche wrote to the Erie ot Lenox, and to his Sone, comanding
thame to repair both into England. Some wryte. That all this was bot coun-
terfeit by the Quene of England, and from hir Hart fehe was glad of the
Marriage ; for be that Means the SuccciTicun of the Crown of England was
lecured, the Lord Darnley being the richt Meir efter the Quene of Scotland j
and Quene Ehfaheih was not angry to fie hir marryed to one of inferiour Rank,
for be that Means fche thoucht, the Scottis Quene wald be les proud.
During this Tyme,thare wer certane Letters dircflcd to tie Brethren of £///;-
hurgh, to Diindie, Fyfe, yingns,znd Mernes,znd uther Places, from the Brethren of
Kyle, and uther Places in the Wefl Countrey, defiring the Profeffours of the
Evangell in all Places, to remember quhat the Eternall God had wrocht, and
how potently he had abolilched all Rind of Idolatry and Superftitioun, and
placed his Word in this Realme ; fb that no Man could fay utherwife, bot it
was the Work of God ; quho alfb had delivered this Countrey from the Eon-
dage and Tyrrany of Strangears : Nevertheles, by our Slothfulnes, we have
fuffered that Idole the Mefs, not only to be planted agane, bot to encreafe fb,
that the Mantainers thareof ar l}k, by all Appcirance, to get the upper Hand,
which would be the Cccafiounof ourDcftri:(Sioun. And for that the Papifls
purpoled to fet up thair Idole at Efther following, in all Places ; whiche was
td be imputed to the Slothfulnes and want of godly Zeall of the Pro/efTcurs;
Tharefoir they admcnifchcd the Brethren to flrive to avert the Evil in T3me,
A s a a a vni
Qjo The H'tftorie of the Kejormatioun . Lib. V.
and not to fuffer fuch Wichednes to continew and encreafe, left that God's
heavy Wrath come upoiin us unawares ]yke a confuming Fyre. By thefe
Letters mony Brethren wer animated, and thair Spirits wakened, mynding to
provyde, as God fould give thame Grace. And firft of all, by the Advice of
the moft learned in Edinburgh, thare was a Supplicatioun maid, and given to
the Quenis Majefty, by the Superintendent of Lowtbian, containing in Effeft,
That the Church in generall of the Realme had divers Tymes moft humbly
craved of hir Majefty, that Commiters of Adultery fbuld be punifched, ac-
cording to the Law of God, and the A61:s of Parliament ; nevertheles they
continewed in thair Wickednes : And the Papifts of obftinat Malice pretend-
ed nothing els, bot to erecl and fet up thair Idolatry and Superftioun j and efpe-
cially at E/iber Day following, they intendit to put the Cam in Praftice, which
the Brethren and ProfefTours of the Evangell could not fuffer: Tharefoir
wifched hir Majefty to take Held of the Matter.
This Supplicatioun the Secretary received of the Hands of the Superinten-
dents of Lowtbian and Gk/gow, and told thame in the Quenis Name, That
ibare fould he fucb Provifioun maid, as fould ferve to thair CoiHentnient. And
for the fame Purpois, the Quenis Majefty wryt to all fuch Plaices as wer fu-
fpefted, efpecially to the Bifchop of San6l Jndrois and Aberdein (as was faid)
not to ufe ony Mefs : And that they fbuld not do ony fuch Thing, as was feared
by the Protel^ants, or convene ony Counfaill, and thareto commandu thame.
Now the Communioun was adminiftred in Edinburgh, the firft Day of Aprile
1565. At which Tyme, becaus it was neir Either, the Papifts ufed to meit
at thair Mefs. And as fbme of the Brethren wer diligent to fearch fuch
Things, they having with thame one of the Bayliffis, tuke one Sir Janits
Carvet riding hard, as he had now ended the faying of the Mefs, and convey-
ed him, togidder with the Maifter of the Houfe, and one or two more of the
AfTiftants, to the Tolbuith, and immediatly revefted him with all his Garments
upoun him, and fb carryed him to the Market-Crofs, where they fet him on.
hich binding the Chalice in his Hand, and himfelf faft tyed to the faid Crofs,
quhere he tarryed the Space of ane Hour ; during which Tyme, the Boys
ferved him with his Eafther Egges. The nixt Day following, the faid Carvet,
with his AfTiftants, wer accufed and convinced by an A-fTize, according to the
A61 of Parliament. And albeit for the fame Offence he deferved Deith, yet
for all Punifchment he was fet upoun the Market-Crofs for the Spaces of tl;rie
or four Hours, the Hangman ftanding by, and keiping him, the Boyesand'
uthers wer bufie with Egges cafting; and fome Papifts thare wer, that flop-
ped as far as they could. And as the Preafe of Peple encreafed about the
Cr6fs, thare appeired to have bein fbme Tumult. The Proveift, Archibald
Dovoglas, came with fome Halberdiers, and carried the Prieft fafe agane to
the Tolbuith. The Quene being advertifed, and having receaved finifter In-
formatioun, that the Preift was dead, fuddenly thocht to have ufed and inflicted
fbme extreme Punifchment ; for fche thocht, that all this was done in Con-
tempt of hir, and of hir Religioun ; and it was affirmed, that rhe Town fould
have bene lacked, and a grit Number executed to Deith. Sche lent to flicV as
fche pleafed, commanding thame to come to hir at Edinburgh fiiddenl with
thair hole Forces .• And in the mean Tyme fche fent hir Advoc^f, Maifter
SpenceofCondieto Edinburgh, to tak a fure Tryallof the Matter The Proveft
and Counfaill wrote to the Quene the Treuth of the Matter as it was, defir- •
ing hir Majefty to tak the fame in gude Part, and not to give Credite to falfe
Reports^
L I B. V. of Rcligiotm in Scotland. 371
Reports; and tharewich fcnt ro hir Majefty the Proccfs and Enrolment oi the
Court ot the Prcirt Convict. Thus the Qi.cnis IVLTJefty being informed of rhe
Trcuth, by hir faid Advocate, fcntagane and ftayed the laid Meeting ot Men
and lent to the Town a grave Letter, quhareof the Copy follovveth.
The Quenes Letter to the Proveift, Bayliffe, and CounfalU of EJinbnrgb.
PRovei/t, Bayl'tlfe and Couiifaill of'our Citie o/" Edinburgh, IVe received your
Letter from our Advocate, aud under/iaiid by this Report -what Diligence you
luk to ftay the Tiinwlt in the lite Diforder attempted at Edinburgh ; qubarciii as
you did your Duly in JuppreJJing the Tumult, fo can -jve not tak in good Part ^ nor
think our felf Jatisfied of fo notorious a Thing, -jiithout certain feditious Per fans
quho "-jjer pleafed to do Juftice perforce and •without the Magiftrates Authoritie be
condignly and really punifched for thair Rafcbnes and Miflehaviour ; for if all pri-
vate Perfons fould ufurpe to tak Vengeance at thair awn Hands, JVhat lies in
curs ? And to qukat Purpofe hathe gude Lawes and Statutes bene eftablifched ?
Since th airfare -we have never bene obftinate to the due Punifchment of any Offen-
ders, prefcribcd by the La-'jues, bot have alwayes menteined Juftice in that cafe with-
out refpeH of Perfons ; It is Our Will, and IVe command you, as you will anfwer
to Us upoun your Obedience and Allegiance, That you will tak before you certai.e of
tie moft refponfail Perfons which ar declared Authors of the faid Seditioun and i/-
furpers of our Authority, and to adminifter Juftice upoun them, in fuch Sort as
We may know a Sincerity on your Parts, and Our Authority nowayes flighted.
Bot if you fade, per fwaid your felfis {and that fchortly) we will not overjee iti
hot will account this Contempt not onely to be in the Committers thairof, but in your
felves, quho ought to punifch it, and relieve us on our Part, remitting the reft to
jour Diligence and Executioun, which we look for fo foon as reafon will permit.
Subfcribed with Our Hand at Strivilingj
this 24. of Apr lie J Anno 1^6^.
By this maner of writing and high Threatning, may be perceived how
grievoufly the Quenes Majeftie wald have bene offended if the faid Tarvet
and Mefsmonger had bene handled according ro his Demerite, being not onely
a Papift Idolater, bot a manifeft Whoremafler, and a comone Fichter and
Blafphemer; nevertheles within few Dayes the Quene charged the Proveift
and Eayliffs to fet him at Libertie, comanding thame further, That no Man
fould trouble nor moleft him in any Sort for quhatf?)evirCaus, and fone efter
rewarded him with a Benefice, and likcwife his AfTifters Jobie Low and Johne
Kennedie fet at Libertie in the fame maner. At this Eafter Tyde in Striviling
the Quene maid her domeftick Servants ufe papjfticali Rites and Ceremonies
and more, f he perfwaded uthers by faire Meins to do the fame, and threat'
ned thofe that wer moft conftant at the Erie ofCafJePs Hous.
Upon the 2d Day of Maii i j6;,conveined zxEdmburgh the Erie of Murray with
hisFreinds in gritt Numbers to kepe the Day of Law againft the Erie Bothwell
who being called, appeared not ; onely the Laird of Ricartoun protefted That
the perfonall Abfence of the Erie Botlpwell fould not be prejudicial! to him,by
reafon that for juft Fear,whiche micht happin in the Heart of any Man fince he
had fo potent ane Enemy as the Lord of Murray, quho, next the Quenes
Majefty was of gritteft Eftiraatioun and Authority of ony Man within this
A a a a a a Realme,-
372 The Hillorie of the Reformatioun Lib. V.
___^ — — — — " ' — ' ' — - — ' \
Realme, to quhome affifted at this prefent Day of Law, fevin or eight hun-
dred Men, which Force he Culd not refift, and tliairfore had abfented him^
felf Which Froteftatioun being maid, thofe that had bene Sureties for his
Appeirance, wer outlawed. The ftid Erie Bothmll a few Dayes efter paft
inro France^ efter he had bene in LiddefMe, quhere -fufpefting almoft evefy
Man, he was not in great AfTurance of his Life, notwithitanding he was not
put to the Home, for the Quene continually bore a grit Favour towards him,
and kept him to be a Souldier, as appeared within lefTe then half a Yeir ;
for fche would not fuffer the Lord Morton^ nor my Lord Ai/kii?, my Lord of
Murrays grit Freinds to keip the Day. There aflifled my Lord of Murray^
the Erles of Agyle, Glencarne, and Craixford, with grit Numbers, and many
Lords and Barones, quho for the mod Part conveined the fam Afterncne to
treat and confult for the manteining of Religioun ; quher fum Artickles wer
devifed, and delivered to the Lord of Mmraj to be prefented to the Quenes
Majefly and Privy Counfaill, whiche Artickles wer enlarged at the Generall
Afl'embly following, as fall be declared. In the meane Tyme, as they wer
informed in Court of this great Affembly of Peple in Edinburgh, they wer
afrait, for naturally the Quene hated and fufpeftit all fiich Conventiouns as
wer not in hir awn Prefens, and devifed by hirfelf The cheif Counfaillours
in the Court, wer the Erles of Lenox and Atholl. The Quene writ inconti-
nent for all the Lords to come to Strivilhig^ Co fbne as fche was advertific
that they had treated m Edinburgh of Religioun ; fche writ likewife for the
Superintendants and other learnit Men who went thither, and being thare
they caufit to keip the Portes or Gates, and mak gude Watch about the
Towne. The fpeciall Caus of this Conventioun was to give to the Lord
Dernley Title of Honour openly and fblemnly, with confent of the Nobles, be-
foir the Mariage. The fourth Day of May the Erie of Murray cam to Strivilmg^
quhen he was well receivit by the Quenes Majefty, as appeirit, and immedi-
ately, as he paft with her to my Lord Darnle/s Chamber, they prefented to
him a Contract, conteining in Effeft, That forafmuch as, or fince, the Quene
had contraftit Mariage with the Lord Darnley, and that fhairfbre fundry Lords
of the Nobility had underwritten, ratifiet and approvit the fim, and obligit
thamefelfis to grant unto him in full Parliament the Crowne Matrimoniall, (by
a new Court Solecifme in Policy) the Crowne for the fecund Time is furnam-
ed Mcitrimoniall ; (befoir, quhen the Quene was firft maried, it was fb callitr
alfb) to ferve and obey him and her as thair lawfull Soveraignes. The Quene
defired my Lord Murray to lubfcribe, as many uthers had done befoir ; which
he refufed to do, becaus (faid he) it is required necefTarily that the whole
Nobility be prefent, at leift the principall, and fick as he himfelf was pofleri-
our unto, befoir that fb grave a Mater fbuld be advifit and concludit.
The Quenes Majefty nowayes content with this Anfwer, inflfted ftill upoun
him, faying. The gritteft Part of the Nobility wer ther prefent and content
with the Mater, wifched him to be fo much a Stewart, as to confent to the
keiping of the Crown in the Family, and the Sirname, according to thair-'
Fathers Will and Defire, as was faid of him a iittill befoir his Death: Bot'^
he ftill refufit for the Caufes above writtin.
Now as the Lords wer affemblit, ane Ambafladour from England named
Sir Nicholas I'hrockmorton arrivit at Striviling, and in his Cumpany the Laird^
of Let hingtoun ; the Ambaffadour was at the Caftle Gate or evir thay wer a-
ware ; and as he ftude there in the Entry, he was defirit to palTe to his
Liidgings.
Lib. V. of Rcligioiiu m Scotland. 37^
Ludging?. The nixt Day he had Audience of the Qucne, and was gracioufly
received according to the Dignity of his MelTage. The quhule Summe of
this his MelVage was, to fhew and declare to the Qiiene, how hichly the
Quene his Miltris was oftendit with this precipitated Mariage, and wohdric
quhat had moved hir to tak a Man of inferiour Rank and Conditioun to
hirlcif : And tharetbredilVwadit hir tharefrom. And Ipecially defiring hir
moft erneftly to fend home hir Subjefts the Erie o{ Lennox and the Lord Darn-
ley: Bot all in vane, for the Mater was well farre procedit. In hir Heart
Quene Elhabetb was not angry at this Mariage \ firrt, becaus if Quene Mary
had maried a foraigne Prince, it had bene an AccelTe to hir Greatnefle, and
confequently fche had bene more redouted by the uther ; next, both Harry
and Mary wer alike and in equal! Degree of Conlanguinity unto hir, the Fa.
ther oC Mary and the Mother of Harry being Children to hir Father's Sifter.
With many fair Words the Quene let the AmbaiTadour depart, promifing
to do all fche culd to fatisfie the Quene of England:, and for the Hime Fur-
pois fche wald fend an Ambafladour to hir.
In the meane Tyme the Quens Mariage With the Lord Darnley\, was pre-
pared and propounded in Counfaill, and the cheif of the Nobility, fuch as
the Duke, the Erles of Argyle, Murray, Glencarne, with the reft, granted free-
Iv ro the lame, provyding that they micht have the Religioun eftablifched in
Parliament by the Quene, and the Idolatrous Mafle and Superftitioun abolilch-
ed , fchortely it was concludit, Tliat they fould convene agane to Saint John-
Jicnn, quhere the Quene promiled to tak a finall Ordour for Religioun. The
Day was appointed, to-jcil, the lai^ of May at Fertt; my Lord of Argyk cam
too laif. The Quenes Majerty communed with the Lords, quho wer vcray
pbne with hir, faying, Except the Mafle wer abolifched, thare fould be no
Quietntfle in the Cuntrey. The 12th Day of May the Lord Darnley w^as belt-
ed (that is, created^ Erie of Roffe, with grit Solemnity, a Belt or Girdle be-
ing tyed ab )ut his Wafte or Middle; and albeit all kinde of Provifioun was
maid to mak him Duke of Rothefay, yit at that Tyme it cam not to Effe^}-,-
albeit ihe Crown and Robe-royall wer preparit to him for the fam. For the
Entertainment of this Triumph there wer many Knichts maid, to the Numer
of fburtein. The nixt Day, quhilk was the 13. ofA%, the Quene callit for
the Superintendents by name, Jobne IViUock, Johne JVinram, and Johne Spotif
%'ode, quhome fche cherifhit with fair Words, afTuring thame that fche defirit
nothing more erneftly then the Glory of God and fatisfying of Mens Confci-
ences, and the Good of the Comone-welthe ; and albeit fche was not per-
fuadit in any Religioun bot in that quharein fche was brocht up, yit fche pro-
mifit to thame that fche wald heir Conference and Difputatioun in the Scrip,
tures : And lykwife fche wald be content to heir publike Prcichingj bot al-
wayes out of the Mouth of fuche as pleifit hir Majefty ,• and above all uthers
fche faid fche wald gladly heir the Superintendant of Jngiis (for he was a mild
and fweit natur'd Man) with true Honefty and UprightneftTcjSir John Arifh'm of
Dun. Sone efter the Quene paft to Saint Johneftoun, efter that fche had di-
reftit Mr. Johne Hay Prior of Monimu/k to pafTe to England, quho fped at the
Quene of Englands Hand, evin as Sir Nicholas Throgmorton did in Scotland.
Befoir the Day, quhilk was appointit for the Melting at Saint Johneftoun, my
"Lord of Murray, moft carefull of the Manteinance of Religioun, fent to all
the principall Churches, advertifeing thame of the Mater, and defiring thame
to advife, and fend the moft abill Men in Leirning and Reputatioun, to kelp
B b b b b the
374- 'The Hi ft or te of the Reformatioun Lib.. V,
the Day • but thair Craft and Difilmulatioun appeirit, for the Dean of Reftal.'
ri'^ge^ quho lately arrivit out of France, with others, fuch as Mr. Johne Le/ly
Parfbn of Urej efterward Bifchop of Rop, caufit the Quene to underftand
that Thing quhareof fche was eafily perfwaidit, io mt, That thare ought to
be gevin to all Men Liberty of Confcience ; and for this Purpois to fhun ot
put off the firft Day appointit, the Quene writ to the Nobility, that becam
fche was informit that thare was grit Metings out of every Shire and Town
in grit Number ; and then the other Party (fo termit fche the Papifts) wet
minded to cum togither to the ftid Conventioun, which fould apparently mak
Truble or Seditioun, rather then any uther Thing ; tharefbre fthe thought it
expedient, and willit thame to ftay the (aid Meetings, and to deferre the fame
till fuche a Day that fche fould appoint with Advice of hir Counfaill. At
this Time thare was a Parliament proclamed to be held at Edinburgh the 20.
Day of July. By this Letter, fum of the Proteftants having beft Jugement^
thocht thamefelfis fufficiently warned of the Inconveniences and Trubles 16
cume. Now hir Counfaill at this Tyme, was onely the Erles of Lenox and
Athchy the Lord Ruthveii^ot cheifly David Rizto the Italian ruled all ; yet the
Erie of Rofe was already in gritteft Credit and Familiarity. Thefe Letters wer
fent out to the Lords, about the 28th Day of Mai; and within twelve Dayes
thairefter, fche directed new Miflives to the cheif^ of the Nobility, defiring
or comanding thame, to come to Saint Johnelioim the 23d Day of June follow-
ing, to confult upoun fuch Things as concerned Religioun, and uther Things
as her Majefliy fould propofe ; quhilk Day, was evin the Day befbir that the
Generall AiTembly fould have bene held in Edinlmgh. This laft Letter ut-
tered the Effeft of. the former; fb that the Proteflants thocht thamefelfis fufl
ficiently warned. Always as the Erie of Murray was paffing to Saint Jchne^
ftoun to have keipt the faid Day, he chanced to fall fick of the Fluxes in
Lochkvin, quhere he remaned till the Quene came forth of Saint Johnelioun xo-
Edinburgh, quhere the Generall Aflembly of the quhole Church of Scotland
was held, the 24th Day of July. The Erles of Argyle and Glencarne affifled
the Churche with a grit Cumpany of Lords, Barones, and uthers ; It was
thare order it and concludit. That certane Gentlemen, as ComilTionars from
the Church National, fould pafle to the Quenes Majefly, with certane Arti*
kles, to the Number of Six, defiring hir mofl humbly to ratifie and approve
the fame in Parliament. And becaus the faid Artikles ar of grit Weight, and
worthy of Memory, I thocht gude to infert the fame Word by Word.
I M^rimis, <f hat the papifticalt and blaJphemousMefs, with all papi/ticall Idolatr^
and papall Jurifdi^ioun, be univerfally fuppreft and aboltfched thorowout thiS
Realme, not only in the SuhjeilSy lot alfo in the ^enis awn Per fane, with Punifd^
went againft all Perfonef that fould be deprehended to tranfgreji and ejfend in tH
fame : And that the fincere JVord of God, and Chriffs trew Religioun, now at thisr
prefent receaved, be puUifched, approved and ratified, tharowout the hole Realme^
as well in the ^enis iuson Perfone, as in the Subjects : And that the Peple be to refort
upoun the Sundays at haft, to the- Prayers, and Preaching of God's Word, even m
they wer befotr to thi idolatrous Mefs ; And thefe Headii to be provided be Aff ofi
f^drliament, and ratified by the ^enis- Majefty.
Secondly, That Provifwun be tnOid for Sujientatidun of the Mttijiry, ah weii$i
for the Tyme pefentj as the- Tyme to come: Atid-that fu(h Ptrfones, 0,5 ar pm
fently admitted to the- Mkiftry^ may have thair Lyvings afigned unto thame, ifi'
... Places
\
Lib. V. of Rcligicim in Scotland. 375
""^''' -~.— - ■ ■ — ■'■-■'■■II. . ^
Pidi£S qubare they travel/ in thair Callingj or at le.ift vixt a^jdcent thareto : And
thai il:e Benefices now vacant^ or bath been vacant fnice the Month of Marcli
i;;S. or that beirefter fall happen to be vacant^ be d'ifpofed to qualified and learn,
td Fcrfones^ able to preach God's fVordy and difcharge the yocattoim concerning the
Mimjtrie, by T'ryall and Admiffioim of the Superintendents and Overfters: And
that no Benefice or Ly-vingy having mony Kirks annexed thareunto^ he difpofed alto,
gidder in cmy Tyme to come^ to ony Man^ hot at the haft the Kirks tharecf he feve.
rally difpofed^ and that to feverall Perfones ; fo that every Man having Charge
may ferve at his awn Kirk, according to his yocatioim : And to that Efjeit
lykeways theGleihs and theManfes, be given to the Minifters, that they may mak Re-
fidence at thair Kirks, whereby they may difcharge thair Confcietices, according w
thair Vocatioun ; andalfo that the Kirks may be repaired accordingif : And that a
l^awbe maid and eftablifched heirupoun by Afi of Parliament, as faid is.
Thirdly, 'That none be permitted to have Charge of Souks, Colledgis or Univer-
fities, nether privately nor publicly teich and inftruff the Youth, hot fiicb as fall be
tryed be the Superintendents or Vtfitors of the Churches, and found found and able in
DoHrinc, and admit ed be them to thair Chairges.
Fourtly, For the Suftentatioun of the Pure, That all Lands founded for Hofpitti'
lity of old, be refioredagane to the fame Ufe : And that all Lands, Annalls, Rents
or ony uther Emoluments pertaining ony ways fometymes to the Fryers, of quhatfo-
ever Ordonr they had been of ; as lykwife the Annuities, Alterages, Obits, and the
Itther Dewties pertaining to Preifts^ to be applyed to the Su/lentatioun of the Pure and
Uphold of the Town-Schools in Towns, and uther Places quhare they be.
Fiftly, That fick horrible Crymes,. as now abound within this Reahne, without
ony Corre^ioun, to the grit Contempt of God and his JVord; fuch as Idolatry, Blaf
fhemj of God's Name, mamfeft breaking of the Sabbath Day, JVitchcraft, Socery
Juchantment, Adultery, mamfeft JVhordome, Mantenance of Bordals, Ahirther
Slauchter, Opprefftoun, with mony uther deteftalle Crymes, may be feverely punifcbeJ-
and Judges appointed in every Province and Diocefs, for Executioun thereof^ with
Po--joer to do the fame, and that be Ail of Parliament.
Laftly, That fame Ordour be devifed and eftablifched, for Eafe of the pnre
Labourers of the Ground, concerning the reffonable Payment of the Tythes, qiiho ar
oppreffed he the Leafers of the Tythes, fet over thair Heads without thair awn Con*
fent and Advice.
The Perfones, quho Wer appoynted by the Church to carry thefe Articles,
and prefent thame to the Quenis Majefty, wer the Lairds of Cunningham-head^
Lundie, Spot, and Grange of Angus, and James Baron for the Broughs. Thefe
five paft from Edinburgh to Sanft Johnftoun, quhere they prefented the faids
Artjckles to the Quenis Majefly, defiring and requyring hir Hichnes mofl
bumbly to advyfe tharewith, and to give thame Anfwer. The nixt Day, ere
thay wer aware, theQuene departed to Dunkeld, and immediately they fol-
lowed i And efter they had gotten Audience, they defired the Quenis Majefly
tnoft humbly to give thair Difpatch. Sche anfwered. That hir Counfaill was
not thare prefent, bot fche intended to be in Edinburgh within eight Days, and
thare thay fbuld receave thair Anfwer. At the fame Tyme, as the Generall
AfTembly was h61den in Edinburgh, the Brethren perceaving the Papifts to brag,
and Trouble lyke to be, they afTeatiblit thamefelfis at Sanft Leonard Crage^
quhere they concluded they would defend themfelfis j and for the fam Purpofe,
B b b b b a eleaed
57^ The Hiftorie of the Re/ormatioun Lib. Y,
elefted eight Perfones, of the moft able, two of every Quarter, to fee that the
Brethren fould be ready nrmed. ""
■ And when the five Commiffioners above named had waited upoufl the
Court, four or five Days efrer hir Majefty's cuming to Edinburgh^ thare the
Matter was propofed in Counfaill. And etter long and earneft reafouning
Upouil thefe Artickles, at length it was anfweredto theCommiffiouner by the
Secretary, That the Quenis Majefties Command was, that the Matter fouldbe
refTouned in hir Prefence; which for the Gravity of the fame, thare could
nothing be concluded at thatTyme, albeit the Quenis Majefty had heard more
in that Matter, then ever fche did befoir : Boc within eight Days thaireftef)
fche undei-flude that a grit Part of the Nobility fould be prefenr in Edinhurghy
quhare they fould have a finall Anfwer. At length, the one and twenty of
Augiift^ thayreceaved the Anfwer in Wryting in hir Prefence, according to the
Tenour hereof, as foUowis. -
1[he ^ems Maje/ii(s Anfwer to the Jrtickks prefenteJ to hir H'tchnes^ by eerta'm
* Genttlmen, in the Name of the hole Ajjemhly of the Church.
TO the firft, defiring the Mels to be fupprcfied and abolifched, als weill
in the Head, as in the Members, with Punifchment againft the Con-
traveners, as alfb, the Religioun profeffed to be eftablilched by Aft of Par-
Jiament ; it was anfwered, firft for hir Majefty's Part, 1 hat hir Hichnes is m
•way yit perfwaded in the faid Religioun, nor jit that any Impiety is in the Mefs j
and tharejoir heleveth, that hir loving Subjeffs will not preffe hir to receave any
"Religioun againft hir Confcience, quhilk fould he unto hir. a ■ continuall IroU'
lie by Remorfe of ConfciencCy and tharewith a perpetuall Unqtiietnes. And t^
deale planely mth hir Siibje^s, her Ma jelly nether will, nor may leave the Reli'-
gioun wherein fche hes been nourifchit and hrocht up; and believeth the fame, to he
•well grounded : Knowing, he fides the Grudge of Confcience that fche foidd receave^
upoun the Change of her awn Religioun, that fche fould lofe the Frietidjchip of the
King of France, the married Allie of this Reatme, and of other grit Princes her
Treinds and Confederates, who would tak the fame in evill Part, and of whome
■fcle may look for t hair grit Support in all her Neceffities : And having no affured
Confideratioun that may countervaill the fame, fche will he loth to put in Hazard
all her Freinds at me Inftant, praying all her loving Subje^s, feeing they have had
Experience of her Goodnes, that fche hath nether in Times paft, nor yet intenck
hereafter, to preffe the Confcience of any, bot that they may worfchip God in fucb
Sort, as they ar perfwaded in thair Confcience to he heft, that they will alfo not
preffe her Confcience. As to the EliaUifching of Religioun in the Body of the Rh
alme, they thamefelfis inow, as appeirs he thair Articles, that the fame cannot fp
done onely by Confent of hir Majefiy, bot requires neceffarly the Confent of the. States
in Parliament ; and therefsir fo foon as the Parliament holds, theje Things qttJ^ik
the States agree upon amongft themfelfis, hir Majefty fall confent unto the fam:\^iand
jk the meanSfyme jail make fare, that no Mun he troubled for ufing ReligiouH ac-
cording to Confcience : So that no Man fall have Caus to doubt, that for ReligiouH's
fake., Mens Lyves and Heritage fall be in any Hazard. ,;
To the fccond Article, it is anfwered, I'hat her Majefty thinks it no ways r(if-
fonahle^ that fche fould defraud herfelf of fo great a Part of the Patrimony of the
-Crown, as to .put the Patronage of Benefices forth of hir awn Hands; for tir
'.'dwn -Ncceffity, in hearing of hir Port , and commoun Charges, will require the Re-
ten tioun thareofj and that in a good Tdrt, in hir awn Hands : Nevertheles hir
; ■ ■ i<r»?i.i;. . . Majefty
iC-y — ■ ^
Lib. V. of KcligioHH til Scotland. 377
Miiie:ii is -Mill fteifiJy tlat Ctufideratioun heina had of hr a-xn Ktccfiiiy^ ami
qitkit tnny be fufficient for the refjounable SuJ!cnt,3:iok» of the Mtnifters, a ff^su'il
Affigmitlnini be tmiJ to thine, in Places ml't comniodivi'.s and meet ; •wilh lioktckt hir
Mi^jt'iy fjll not meddle, bot fufjer the fame to come to thame.
to the third Article, it is anfwered, ^hat hir Maje/ty full do tharem a,
fall be agreed by ths Stdtes in Faiiiament.
To the fourh Article, Hir Majeft/s Liberality tozvards the Poor fad alxuys be
fo far extended, as can be reffoiimbly required at bir Hands.
To the fifth and Hxth Articles, Hir Majefiy will refer the takwz Ordour tbare-
w/, unto the States affemblid in Parliament.
As the Queriis Majcrty came from Sanft 'johneHoun, over Forth to the Cailss--
der, Ithe was convoyed to the Water Side of Forth with two hundred Spcirs :
For at that Tymc it was bruted, That thare was fome lying in Wait at thv
Path of Dron. In the meah Tyme the Erie of Murray was in Lochlevmy and
the Erie of A^ll wkh him. Now in the Callender the Lord Le-jinglhim had
defired the Quenis Majefty to be Wimes to the Chriftning of a Child : For
his Lady was laitly dclyvered and brocht to Bed. And quhen the Minifter
maid the Sermone, and Exhortatioun concerning Baptifin, the Quenis Majefty
came in the End, and laid to the Lord Levingftoun, That fche would fcbew htm
that Favour that fche had not done to ony uiher before ; that is, that fche would
eive hir Prefence to the Froteftant Ssrman, which was reckoned a grit Matter.
The Quene being in the Callender, was informed both by Word and Letters
by falfe Brethren, that a grit Fart of the Protel^ants o{ Edinburgh had laitly
convened upoun Sanft Leoftard's Craigs, and thare maid a Confp:ratioun a.
eainft hir ; and had chofen for the fame Purpois certane Captanes to govern
the reft. And without onyTryall,or perfect Notice taken in theCale, fche lent
to the Proveft and Bayliffs of Edinbtogh, commanding thame to tak and ap-
prehend Alexander Guthrie, Alexander Clerk, Gilbert lawder and Andro Slated.,
and put thame in Prifone in the Caftle.
This new and unaccuftomed Fafchioun of proceeding feemed to be very
ftrange. And becaus the faid four Men wer not apprehended, fche fent the
nixt bay a Charge to the Proveft and Bayliffs, and to hir awn grit Tre*
faurar, to pas to the Houfes of the faids four Men, and lykewife to thair
Booths or Shops, and thare to tak Inventory of all thaif Goods and Chattells;
and commanded the faid Trefaurer to tak the Keys of the faid Houfes and
Booths, togidder with the faid Inventory, quhilk was executed in Effeft, e,
fpeciall'y upoun the faid Alexander Guthrie his Wife, he being then comoun Clerk,
and one of the griteft in Eftimatioun within the Town; his Wife and Chil-
dreri wer fchut out of thair Hous, and compelled tcf feik fome uther Lodging
in the Town. ^ r • • j t j
By this Manner of proceidirig, theHartis of all Men of Spirit and Judge-
ment wer wonderfully abafched and wounded,feing and perceaving thefe Things
fo furioully handled, upoun finifter and wranglnformatioun; Men never called
to thair Anfwer, nor hard, nor ony Tryall takin tharein. Immediatly thair-
efter, as iche came to Edinburgh, fche called to Gounfaill fuch as pleafed hir
Maie'fty, and thare cbmplains of the faid Matter, alledging it to be a Confpi-
racy and manifeft Treafoun. And ane uther Matter lykewife was complained
upoun, that the Erie o^ Argyll (as the Quene was furely informed) wasridind
with a crit Army to invade the Erie of Athok and his Lands.
^ C c c c c For
3 7 S The Hijlorie of the Rejormatioun L i b. V .
For the firrt Matter, it was concluded by the ConnfailljThat diligent Inqui-
fitioun-fbuld be maid in the Matter, and to that Purpois appointed the Quenis
Advocates, Mr. Johne Spence of Coiidie, and Mr. Rohert Cnchtoun^ to exan-iine
fick as they would ; and quhen the faid Advocates had called befoir thame,
and examined a fufBcient Number, and thair Depofitiouns fubfcryved and de-
lyvered to theQuene,thare was nothing found worthy of Deith nor Treafoun-
at length the feids four Perfbnes wer (ummouned to anfwer at Law.
For the fecund Matter, That that the Quenis Majefty fould fend, to the Eries
of Argyll and Jtbole, feme of hir Counfaill or familiar Servands, to tak O-
dour twiching it. And quhen the Secretary, the Jufiice Clerk and Lord of
San6l: Colme had paft to the fiiid Erie of Argyll, they found no flck Thing ;
but in Jthok tha're was grit Feif come of a fudden Fray ; for efter mony
■•Froclamatiouns, the Fyre-crofle ( which they maid Ule of in Liew of Beacons)
was raifed in Jthole.
Now, as the Day of the Far'liament approached, the Lords pretending to con-
fult befoir quhat fbuld be done, as wei'l in Religioun, as for the Comoun-
wealth, the i Jth Day of Julii rhare convened at Stirling the Duke, the Erles
of Argyll and Murray, Roths, and uther Lords and Barones ; and as they wer
devyfing and confulcing, the Quenis Majefiy taking thair Meeting in evil! Parr,
fent hir Advocates, Maifler Jo/me Spence and Maifier Crichton to thame at Stir-
l,iig^ requyring the Caus of thair Meeting. They anfwered. That the fpeciall
Occafioun of thair Meeting was for the Caus of Religioun, and the AfFurance
thairof, according as they had laitly wrytten to the Quenii Majefty in Seaton
from the Town of Edinburgh', they defiring then to prorogat the Day.
Finally, quhen the faids Advocats could by no Means perfwade thame to
come to Edinburgh, they returned agane to Ediiiburgb,and declared to the Quenis
Majefty according as they had found.
In the mean Tyrae the Parliament was prorogated, at the Quenis Majesty's
■(Command, to the firfl of September nixt efter following : For it was thociir.
That the maift Part and principall of the cheif Nobility being abfent, thar^
tould no Parhament be holden. At the fame Tyme the Quenis Majefty per-
.ceaving, that the Matter was already come to a Maturity and Rypnes; fb
that the Mynds and Secrecy of Mens Hairts muft needs be difclofed, fche
wrote to a grit Number of Lords, Barones, Gentilmen, and uthers that wer
neirefl in Fyfe, Angus, Lowthian, Mers, Teviotdale, Perth, Lithgow, Clidfdalc^
and uthers to refbrt to hir, in this Form of Words hairefter following. j^
3
The Quenis Letter. ^^
- . . ... . vA>.
TRufiy Freind, We greet you ixeill. We ar grci-ved indeid, he the evtll BraHf
fpread ar.iongfi our Lieges, as that we fould have mole/ted ony Man in the ufing tf
hs Religioun andConfcience freely, aThing <which never entredtnto our Mind; yit finc^
we perceave the too eafie heleving fuch Reports hath maid thame careles, andfo w^
think it becomes us to he carefull for the Safety and Prefervatioun of our State j
quharefoir we pray you moji affeclionately, that with all pofjible Htiifi (efter the
Receipt of this our Letter) you with your Kindred, Freinds and 'whole Force, weill
fnrn'rfched with Arms for Warre, he provided for fifteen Days efter your comii^y
(iddres you to come to us, to watte and attend upoun uSy according to our Expe^a-
llOllll
vfcv'
Lin V. of Rchgiou?i m Scotland. 37^
thiitt iin.i I'm/I in ycr.v, iis yo'jj ivill tlrarcly Jedarc th; ^^ooJ /jjJeHioim yow hear 1$
the Muite'tihwce of onr Authriiy^ aiiJ-njill Jo as tkurcii: accehfaih Service,
♦
Sulfcrived yaiih our Hand at Edinburgh, the ijth Day July, 1/6/.
Tliarc was lykewife Proclamatioun maid in Edinhtirgh^ that the Quene
mynded not to trouble nor alter the Reiigioun ; and aifo Proclamatioun maid
in the Shires above mentioned, for the fame Purpois, that at! Freeholders
and uther Gcntilmen fould relbrt fin the foirlaid Mmncr) to Edmhur'^t-
quhare the ErJe of Ko(je was maid Dulvc of Rotkefjy, with grit Trimph, the
i,^yi Day of July. The fame Etternoon the Quene complained grievbuflv
upoun the Eric of Mioi\iy in opin Audience of all the Lords and Barones^
.and the fame Day the Bans of the Eric of RoJJe and Duke of Rothefiiy,'znd
the Qucnis Marriage wer proclaimed. About this Tyme the Lord A/liii
was maid Erie of Miine. In, the mean Tyme tharc wer divers Meftages fenc
from the Quenis Majef^y to. the Lord of M/mzv, firf^, Maiffcr Rohrf Clrich-
trrit to perlwade him by all Means poflible to come and relbrt to the Quenis
Majefty. His Anfwer was, That he would be glad to come to hirfcif, accord-
ing to his bounden Dewty ; yit for as muchas fick Perfbncs, as wer mofV pri-
vy in hir Company, wer his capital! Enemies, quho alfo had confpired his
' Deith, he could noways come lb long as they wer in Court.
Soon efter my Lord Jifiin^ and the Maiftcrof Maxwell paft to him to Sanft
Andrcis^ rather fuffered and permitted by the Quene, then lent by hir Hichnes •
efter thame the Laird of Z)/w, quho was lent by the Means of the Erie of
Mar J bot all this did not prevaill with him : And quhen all Hope of l^is
coming was pafl;, ane Herauld was fent to him, charging him to come to the
Quenis Majefly, and anfwer to fick Things as fould be laid to his Charf^c
within aucht and fourty Hous nixt efter the Charge, under the Pain of Rebel-
liouri: Andbecaus he appeared not, the nixt Day efter the aucht and fourty
Hours, he was denounced Rebell, and put to Horn. The fame Ordour they
ufed againft the Erie of Agyk; for the Quene fiid fche would ferve him and
the reft with the Jame Meafure they had mete to uthers, meaning the faid
Argyll.
\n the mean While, as theFyre was weill kendled and inflamed, all Means
and Ways wer fought, to ftir up Enemies againfl the cheif Proteflants that
had bene laitly at Sterling. For the Erie of Atholl was ready bent againft- the
Erie of Argyll^ the Lord Lindefay againft the Erie of Rotl:es in Fyfe, they being
toth Proteftants; for they had contended now a long Tyme for the Heirfchip
of Fyfe. And that no fuch Thing fould be left undone, the Lord Gordon^
quho now had remained neir thre Yeii-s in Prifbne in Dtnibar^ was, efter fbme
little Travell of his Freinds, receaved by the Quein ; and being thus xpceaved
in:o Favour, was reflorcd, firfl: to the Lordfchip of Gordon, and foon efter to
the Eriedcm of Huntley, md to all his Lands, Honours and Dignities, that he
Hiicht be a Bar and a Party in the North to the Erie of Murray.
Tlie 1 8th July, late in the Evening, neir ane Hour efter the Sun's going
down, tha re was a Proclamatioun maid at fheMarket-Crofs of fi//;//'//;;^/', cori-
taining in EfFe<51i " ' "'"'
C c c c c 3- q"i'at
380 The Hi/iorie of the Reformaiioun Lib. V.
rHat forafmuch aSy at ihe I'Vill and Pkafure of Ahnichty God^ the ^.ene had
taken to bir Hiijhand ane richt excellent and illujirious Pihice^ Harry Duke
of Rothefay Erie of RofTe Lord Darnley ; tharefoir it -joas hir JViU^ that he
Could he holden and obeyed^ and reverenced as King : Commanding all Letters and
Pr.oclamatiouns to be maid in the Names of Henry and Mary in Tymes aiming.
The nixt Day following, at fix Hours in the Morning, they wer married in
the Chappell Royall of Halyrudkotts, by the Dein of Re/ielrig; theQuene being
all clothed in Mourning. Bet immediatly, as the Quene went to Mefs, the
Ring went not with hir, bot to his Paftyme. During the Space of thre or four
"jbays, thare was nothing bot Balling, Dancing and Banqueting.
In the mean Tyme the Erie of Rothes, the Laird of Grange, the Tutor
Pi tear with fome Gentilmen of F)fe, wer put to the Horn, for none Appea-
rane. And immediatly the Swa(ch,Tabron and Drums wer ftricken or beaten,
for Men of Wair to ferve the King and Quenis Majefty, and to tak thair
Pay. This fuddane Alteratioun, and hafty Creatioun of Kings, moved the
Hairtsof a grit Number.
Now amongis the Peple thare wer divers Brutes ; for fome alledged. That
the Caus of this Alteratioun was not for Religioun, bot rather for Hatred,
Envy of fuddane Promotioun or Dignity, or fuch wardly Caufes: Bot they that
confidered the Progres of the Matter, according as is heirtofoir declared, thocht
the principall Caus to be only for Religioun.
In this mean Tyme, the Lords part to Jrgyll, taking apparently little Care
of the Trouble that was to come : Howbeit they fent into England Maiflei'
Nicolas Elphingjioun for Support, quho brocht (bme Monies in this Country, to
the Sume of ten thoufand Pounds Sterling. Thare came one forth of England
to the Quene, quho got Prefence the feven of Aiigulij in Halyrudhoiis. He was
not well, &c.
About the 1 /th of Augiift, the Lords met at Air, to wit, the Duik of
Baumiltoun, the Erie? Argyll, Murray, Glencairne, Rothes, the Lords Boyd and
Ochiltrie, with divers Barons and Gentilmen of Fyfe and Kyle, quhare they
concluded to be in Readinefs, with thair hole Forces, the 24thDay of y//g«/?.
Bot the Ring and Quene with grit Celerity prevented thame ; for thair
Majefties fent thorow Lowthian, Fyfe, Angus, Stratkerne, Teviotdaile and Cliddif-
daile and uther Shyres, making thair Prodamatiouns in this Manner.
rHat forafmuch as certane Rehells, quho {imder the Colour of Religioun ) intend.
ed nothing bot the Trouble and Subverfioun of the Conlon'Wealthe, ixjere to con.
•vene with fick, as they micht perjwade to affift thame : Tharefoir they charged
all Manner of Men, under the Pain of Life, Lands and Goods, to refort and meet
thair Majefties, at Linlithgow the i^th Day o/Augufi.
This Proclamatioun was maid in Lowthian the third Day of the faid Month.
Upoun Sunday, the 19th of Auguft, the King came to the hich Kirk of Edin-
burgh, quhare Johne Knox maid a Sermone ; his Text was taiken out cfthe
fix and twenty Chapter of Efaias his Prophefie, about the thirteen Verfe-,
quhare in the Words of the Prophet, he faid, 0 Lord our God, uther Lords
, then thou have ruled over us. Whereupoun he took Occafioun to fpeik of the
<iovernment of wickit Frincesj quho for the Sines of the Feple ar fent, as Ty-
rants
Lib. V. ofKcligiotm /;/ Scotland. 381
rants and Scourges ro plague thame. And amongft uthcr Things, he (aid.
That GoJ fets in that Room ( for the Offences and higViUitude of the Fepk ) Boyei
and JVomen. And Come uther Words, Which appeared bitter in the Kingis
Ears, as, that God juftly puni(chedyf/\/^ and his Porterity, becaus he would noc
tak. Ordour with that Harlot Jr..aheU. And becaus he had tarrycd ane Hour
and moir, longer then the Tyme appoyntif, the Ring C fitting in a Throne
maid for that PurpoisJ was fo moved at this Sermone, that he would not dine;
and being troubled, with grit Fury, he pall in the Efternoon to the Hawking.
Immediatly Johne Knox Was commandit to come to the Counlaill, quhare
in the Secretaries Chamber wer convened the Erie of Athole, the Lord Rnth-
-jen^ the Secretary, the Juftice Clerk, with the Advocat. Thare paflcd along
with the Minilter a grit Number of the moft appearent Men of the Town^
"When he was called, the Secretary declared, That the Kingis Majefty was
offendit with fbme Words fpokin in the Sermoun (efpecially fuch as ar above
reheafed ) defiring him to abftain from preaching for fifteen or twenty Days,
and let Maifter Craig fupply the Place.
He anfwered. That he had fpoken nothing hot according to his lext^ and if ihg'
Church '■jooiild command him either to fpeak or ahjtdin, he would obey fo far as the
Word of God '■jjonld permit him.
Within four Days efter, the King and Quene (ent to the Counfaill of EJin-
hurghy commanding thame to depofe Archibald Do'jvglas, and to receave the Laird
of Craigmillar for thair Provcft, which Was prefcntly obeyed.
The 2;th of Augii/i the King and Quenes Majefties part from Edinburgh to
Linlithgow, and from thence to Sirivilingj and from Striviling to Glifgow. At
thair firfl: Arrivall, thair whole Peple wer not cume. The next Day efter
thair Arrivall to Glafgow^ the Lords came to Paifley, quhere they rcmainic
that Night, being in Company about One thoufand Horfes. On the Morow
they came to Hamiltoun, keiping the high Paflage from Paifley hard by Ghif-
gotVj quhere the King and Quene eafily micht behold thame. The Nicht fol-
lowing, whiche was the penult of Auguli, they remaned in Hamiltoun witK
thair Cumpany ; bot for divers Refpefts moving thame, they thocht it not
expedient to tarry ; efpecially, becaus the Erie of Argyle- V/as not come ; for
his Dyet was not afore the 2d of September following, to have being at Ha-
•miltoun. Finally, they tuk Purpois to aime to Edinburgh, the whiche they did
the nixt Day. And albeit Alexander Arejhn, Captane under the Lord his Bro-
ther, caufit to fchot forth of the Caflle two Schot of Cannon they being neir
the Tfowne, and likewife that the Laird Craigmiller Proveifr, did his Endea-
vour to hold the Lords forth of the Town, in cauflng the common Bells to
be runsf, for the convening of the Town, to the Effeft aforefaid, yet they
entred eafily at the Weft-Port or Gate, without any Moleftatioun or Impedi-
inent, being in Number, as they efteimit thamfelfis, One thoufand three hun-
dred Horfes. Immediately they difpatched MefTengers Southward and North*
■ward to affift thame ; bot all in vane : And immediately efter they wer in
thair Ludgings, they caufit to ftrike or beat the Drum, defiring all fuchei
Men as wald receive Wages for the Defence of the Glory of God, That they
fould refort the Day following to the Church, quhere they fbuld receive gude
Pay. Bot they profited littill that Way ; neyther culd they in Editibtirgb get;
any Comfort or Support, for non or few refbrtit unto thame ; yet they got
frore Reft and Sleip quhen they wer at Edinburgh^ then they had done in five
*r fix Nichts before.
'•:^ D d d d d Th<;
»• • ■ — .
382 The Hiftorie of the Kejormatioun Lib. V.
The Nobillmen of this Cumpany wer, the Duke, the Erles Murray, Glen-
came, and Rothejfe; the Lords Boyd zn<i Uch'iUne ; the Lairds ov Grange, Cim-
n'wghameheady Bakomie, and Lavers ; the Tutor of Piiciir; the Lairds o? Bar,
Carmelly and Dreghorn ; and the Laird of Pitarrow Comptroller went with
thame : Som faid merrily, That they wer cum to keip the Parliament, for
the Parliament was continued till the firft Day of September : Upon the quhilk
Day they wrote to the King and Quenes Majefties a Letter, containing in Ef
feft, That albeit they wer perfecuted moft unjuflly, quhich they underftude
procedit not of the King and Quenes Majefties awn Nature, hot onely by e-
vill Counfaill, yit notwithftanding they wer willing and content to futfer ac-
cording to the Laws of the Realme, provyding that the true Religioun of
God micht be eftahlifched, and the Dependents thareupoun be likewife reform-
*ed : Befeiking thair Majefties moft humbly to grant thefe Things : Bot o-
therwife, if thair Enemies wald Ce'ik thair Blood, they (buld underftand, It
(buld be deir bought. They had written twice, almoft to the lame Eliecl,
to the King and Quenes Majefties, efter thair paffing fi-om Edinburgh ; for
the Laird of /'r^/i?/? prefentit a Letter to the King and Quenes Majefty, and
was tharefore imprisoned, bot fone efter releafed ; neverthelefle they got no
Anfwer. The fam Day that thay departed out of Ham'dtoun, the King and
Quenes Majefties iflued out of Glajgow in the Morning betimes : And paflQng
towards Hamdtodi?, the Army met thair Majefties neir the Brige of Calder :
As they muftered, the M.siifier of Maxwell (ate down upoun his Knees, and
made a long Oratioun to the Quene, declaring quhat Plefure fche had done
to them, and ever laid the quhole Burden upon the Erie of Murray. Sone efter,
they marched forward in Battell aray : The Erie of Lenox toke the Vanguard,
the Erie of Mortoim the middle Battell, and the King and Quene the Reer:
The quhole Number wer about Five thoufand Men, quhareof the gritteft Part
wer in the Vanguard.
As the King and Quenes Majefties wer within three Miles of Ham'dtom,
they wer advertifit that the Lords wer departed in the Morning ; bot quhere
they pretended to be that Nicht, it was uncertain : Always, (one efter thair
returne to Glafgow, the King and Quene wer certanly advertifit, that they
wer part to Edinburgh ^ and tharefore caufit immediatly to warne the quhole
Army to pafle with thame to Edinburgh the nixt Day ; quho early in the Morn-
ing, long befbir the Sun was rifen, began to march : Bot there arofe flich 3
vehement Tempeft of Wind and Raine from the Weft, as the like had not
bene fain befoir in a long Time ; fb that a littill Brook, turned incontinent
into a grit River ; and the raging Storm being in thair Face, with grit Dif-
ficulty went they forward : And albeit the moft Part waxed weary, yit the
Quenes Courage encreafit Manlike fo much, that fche was evir with the fore*
moft. Thare was divers Perfbns drowned that Day in the Water of Carren ;
and amongft others, the Kings Mafter, a notabill Papift, quho for the Zeal he
bare to the Mafle, carried about his Neck a round God of Bread, well clofed
in a Cafe, which always could not ferve him.
Befoir the End of Auguft, thare came a Port to the Quenes Majefty, fenc
by Alexander Arejkin, quho declarit. That the Lords wer in the Town of E-
dinlurgh, quhare thair was a Multitude of innocent Perfbns, and thairfbre de-
firit to know if he fbuld fhoot. Sche comandit incontinent that he fould re-
turn agane to the faid Alexander^ and comand him, in hir Name, that he
fuultl
ID. V. of Rc I igiotw in Scothnd. 383
fbuld (hoot Co long aS he had eyther Towder or EuIIcr, and not fj^are for any
Body.
At Nighr, the King and Quene cam well wet to the C.illcnJer, quhnre
they remained that Nicht, and about eight Hours at Nichr, the firft of Sep.
ieii'J'cr, the Port came agane to the CaJile, and reportit the Qucnes Comand
to Alexander Arejh'niy quho incontinently caufit to Ihoot fix or (even Schot of
Cannon, quhareof the Marks appearit, having rcfpcft to no Reafbn, hot on-
ly to the Queries Comand.
Tiie Lords perceiving that they could get no Support in Ed'mhtrgb^ nor
Souldiers for Money, albeit they had travelled all that they could ; and being
adverrifed of the Quenes returning with her quhole Company, they tuk Pur-
pois to depart : And Co the nixt Day betimes, long befoir Day, they deparlj*
ed with thair quhole Cumpany, and came to Lanrik, and from thence to
Hamillotiu^ quhere the Maimer oC Maxwell dim to them, with his Uncle the
Laird of Drmilamkk. And efter Confultatioun, the laid Matter wrote to the
Quenes Majefty, that being requirit by the Lords as he was pafTing home-
ward, he could not refu(e to come to them ; and efter that he had given
them Counfaill to difperfe thair Army, they thocht it expedient to pafTe to
Dumfreis to repofe them, quhere they would confult and mak thair Offers,
and fend to thair Majefties: And thus befeiking thair Majeftics to take this
in gude Fart. The Town oCEJ'inhurgh fent two of the Counlaill of the Town
to mak thair Excufe.
The next Day the King and Quene part to StrhU'nr^ and fent to Ecinihurgh,
and caufit a Prodamatioun to be maid, comanding all Men to rcturne to
GlafgoWf quhere having remaned three or four Dayes, and underflanding
that the Lords wer part to Dimifre'is^ they returned to Sirhilii/g^ and frorri
thence to Fyfe; and in thair Pallage, caufit to tak in Caflle Caniphell, which
was deliverit without Impediment to the Lord oC Sauqiihar.
Befoir the King and Quene went out of Strtviling^ there came from £Jin~
lurgh two Enfignes of Footmen, to convey thame into Fyfe. In the mean
Time the Borroughs wer taxed in grit Sums unaccuftomed, for the Payment
ofthefe Soldiers: Farther, there was raifed divers Troops of Horfemen, to
the Number of five or fix hundred Horfe. The Souldiers had taken two pure
Men that had receivit the Lords Wages ; which two Men being accufit and
convincit of, at the Quenes Comand, wer hanged at Edbihirghy the thrid Day
efter the Lords departing.
At this Time, Mr. James Balfour^ Parfbn oCFle/}:, had gottin all the guid-
ing in the Court. The thrid Day efter the Quenes coming to Fyfe, the quhole
Barons and Lairds of Fyfe convoyed hir Majertie, till fche cam to St. yf«-
drois^ quhere the (aid Lairds and Barons, efpecially the Protertants, wer com-
mandit to fubfcribe to a Band, containing inEffeft,That they obliged thame-
{elfis to defend the King and Quenes Perlbns, againft EtigUfchmeu and Rebclls :
And in cafe they fbuld cume to Fyfe^ they fbuld refift thame to thair utmoft
Power ; quhich Charge every Man obeyit.
The fecund Nicht efter the Quenes cuming to Saint Jvdrois, fche fent a
Band or Troop of Horfemen^ and another of Foot, to Luud'ie^ and at Mid-
nicht took out the Laird, being a Man of So Yeirs old : Then they pafl to
Faivfide^ and took likewife Thomas Scot, and brocht him to Saint y^//.^/-o/.f,quhare
they, with the Laird oC Bavard^ and fum uthers, wer comandit to Prifon.
This maner of Handling and Ufage being onkend and flrange, wer heavily
D d d d d 2 fpoken
'384 ^1^^ Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. V.
fpoken of,, and a grit Terrour to uthers, quho thocht thamefelfis warned of
gritter Severity to cume.
In the mean Tyme the Houfes of the Erles of Murray^ Rothep^ and the
Houfes of divers Gentillmen, wer given in keiping to fuch as the Quene
pleafif, efter that thair Children and Servants had bene caft out.
At the fame Time the Duke^ the Erles of Glencarne and Argyle^ the Lords
Bojd and Uchiltrie^ with the Laird ofCiiminghamekad, and the reft, wer charg-
ed to cum and prefent tjiamefelfis in Saint Aiidrois^ befoir the King and Quenes
Maiefties, to anfwer to (uch Things as Ibuld be laid to thair Charge, within
fix bayes, under the Pain of Rebellioun : And the Day being expirit, and
they not appeiring, wer denunced Rebells, and put to the Home.
As the Quene remaned in Saint Aidrois, the Inhabitants of Dimdhj being
^re afraid, becaus of fum evill Report made of thame to the Qiiene, as if
they had trubled the Quene, in feiking Men of War, and fufferit fume to be
raifit in thair Town for the Lords; for thare was nothing done in DimJie^
bot it was revealed to the Quene \ efpecially that the Minifler had received
a Letter from the Lords, and delivered the fame to the Brethren, perfwaid-
ing thame to afTift the Lords ; which being granted by the Minifter, the Queitj
remittit it. Efter grit Travell and Supplicatioun made by fbme Nobillmen,
at length, the King and Quene being in the Town, they agreeit for Two
thoufand Marks, five or fix of the principal! left out, with fum urhers, that
wer put to thair Schift. Efter the King and Quein had remainit two Nichts
in the Town of Dmdie^ they cam to Saint Androis ; and fbon efter, they cam
over Forth, and fb to Edinburgh. During this Tyme, the Maifter of Maxwell
wrote to the King and Quein, making Offers for and in the Name of the
Lords.
The nixt Day efter the King and Queins cuming to Edmhm-^h^ there was
a Froclamatioun maid at the Market-Crofle : And becaus the fame is very
notabill, I thocht gude to infert it here Word by Word, albeit it be fome-
quhat long.
H
Enry and Mary, by the Grace of God, King and Quein of Si:ots ; To all
and fundry Our Leiges and SubjetSs quhome it may concerne, and to
quhofe Knowlege thefe Letters fall cume, greiting. Forafmuch as in this
Uprore laitly raifit up againft us, by certane Rebells, and thair Alfiftants, the
Authors thairof (to blind the Eyes of the fimple Pepell) have gevin thame
to underftand, that the Quarrell they have in Hand is onely Religioun, think-
ing with that Cloke to cover thair ungodly Defignes, and fb, under that plau-
fible Argument, to draw efter thame a large Train of ignorant Perfbns, eafie
to be feduced. Now for the Prefervatioun of our gude Subjects, quhofe Cafe
wer to be pitied, if they blindly fould fuffer thamefelfis to be induced and
trapped in fb dangerous a Snare, it hath pleafit the Goodnefle of God, by the
Utterance of thair awn Mouthes and Writings to us, to difcover the Poyfba
that befoir lay hid in thair Hairts, albeit to all Perfons of cleir Jugement the
fame was evident yneuch befoir : For quhat uther Thing {is this, but to dif
folve the quhole Policy, and in a maner to invert the very Order') might move the
principall Raifers of this Tumult to put thamefelfis in Arms againfl us fb un-
naturally, upoun quhom we had beftowit fo many Benefits, but that the grit
Honour we did thame, they being thareof unworthy, made thame raifknow
thamefelfis ; and thair Ambitioun culd not be fatisfied with helping Riches
up-
Lib. V. of -^f//^/c/.'^7 /« Scotland. 385
upoun Riches, and Honour uponn Honour, unlefs rhey rctein in thair Hands
us, and our quhole Rcalme ro be led, ulir, and dilpnfic ar thair Plel'ure.
Bot this culd not the Multitude have perceavif, if God (fi)r difclofing thair
Hypocrifie) had not compeilit thame to utter thair unrelbnable Ddire to
"overne ; tor now by Letters lent from thamefelfis to us, which mak plane
ProfcfTioun, that the eliabhfching of Religioun will not contenr thame, bot
we muft be forcit to govern by Counlaill, fuche as it (all pleafe thame ro
appoint us; a Thing lb farre beyond all Mealure, that we think the onely
mentioun of lb unreafbnable a Demand is fufficient to mak thair ncirelt
Kinsfolks thair moft mortall Enemies, and all Men to lun On thame with-
out fardcr Scruple, that ar zealous to have thair native Cuntrey to remine
ftill in the State of aRingdome: For quhat uther Thing is this, bot to
dilTolve the whole Policy, and fin a manerj to invert the very Order of
Nature, to mak the Prince obey, and Subjefts comand. The like was never
demandit by any of our moft noble Progenitours heirrofbir, yea, not ot
Govemours and Regents j bot the Prince and fuch as have filled thair Place
chofe thair Counfaill of fuch as they thocht moft fit for the Purpois. When
we our felfis wer of lefs Age, and at our firft returning into this our Rc-
alme, we had fric Choice of our Counfaill at our Plefure, and now wh^n
we ar at our full Maturity, fall we be brocht back to the'ftalt of Pupills,
and be put under Tutory ? So long as fum of thame bore the whole Sway
■with us, this Mater was nevircallit in Queftioun ; bot now quhen they can-
not be longer permitted to do and undo all at thair Plefure, they will put a
Bridle into our Mouthes, and give us a Counlaill chofin after thair Fantafie.
This is the Quarrell ot Religioun they maid you beleve they had in Hand ,
This is the Quarrell for which they would have you hazrard your Lands,
Lives and Gudes, in the Cumpany of a certane Number of Rebels againft
your naturall Prince. To fpeik in gude Language, they vvald be Kings thame-
felfis, or at the leift leiving to us the bare Name and Title, and tak to
thamefelfis the Credit and whole Adminiftratioun of the Ringdome.
We have thocht gude to mak Publicatioun hereof, to fthew, that you
fuffer not your felfis to be deceivit under Pretence of Religioun, to follow
thame, quho prefering thair particular Advancement to the publike Tranqui-
litie, and having no Care of you, in refpeft of thamefelfis, wald (if you
"wald harken to thair VoiceJ draw you efter thame, to your utter Deftru(!>i-
on. Afluring you that you have heretofoir gude Experience of our Cle-
mency, and under our Wings enjoyed in Peace the Poftcdion of your Gudes,
and lived at Liberty ot your Confcience, (b may you be in full AlTurance of
the like hereafter, and have us alwayes your gude and loving Princes to Co
many as fall continue your felves in due Obedience, and do the Office of fayth-
full and naturall Subjects.
Given under tur Signet at Saint Andro'u^ the Tenth of De-
cember^ and of our Reignes the firft and twenty thrie
Yeirs 1/6/.
Now the Lords deflred, next the eflablifching of Religioun, that the Quenis
Majefty, in all the Affairs of the Realme and Common-wealth, fould ufe the
Counfaill and Advice of the Nobility, and ancient Bluid ot the fame; quhare-
as in the mean Tyme, the Counfaill of Z)i707^ and //aw^ro the Italians, with
E e e e e fcvkir
58^ The Hi/iorte of the Reformatioun Lib. V.
-fSi <
a
Fowhr <he EngUfchman^ and Maifter James Balfour Parfon of /7(/^, was pre-
ferr'ed betoir all uthers, fave only the Erie of Athok^ quho was thocht to be
a Man of grofs Judgment ; bot nevertheles in all Things given to pleife the
Quene. It was now finally come to this Point, that inftead of Law, Juftice
and Equity, only Will ruled in all Things. Thare was thorow all the Cuntrey
fct out a Proclamatioun, in the King and Quenis Names, commanding all Per-
Tones to come and meet thame at Stirling, the firft Day of Glloher following,
with twenty Days Provifioun, under Pain of Lyfe, Lands and Goods. It
was uncertane whidder thair Majefties intended to pas from Stirling or nbr,
and I beleive the principall Men knew not well at that Tyme : For a Report
was That by Refifoun the Caflells of IianmiUoun and Draffen wer kept forti-
fied* and victualled, at the Dukis Command, that thay would pas to fiege the
faid Houfes, and give thame fome Schot of a Cannon. Uthers laid, Thay
would pas towards my Lord of Argyle, quho had his Feple always armed,
quhareof his Neighbours wer afraid, efpecially the lahabitants of Athole and
hmox ' bot at length it was concluded, that they fould pas to Dumfreis, as (all
te declared.
During this Tyme thare wer Propofitiouns maid continually ro the King and
Quene, by the Lords, defiring always thair Majefties moft humbly to receave
thame'into thair Hands. Thair Articles tended continually to thefe two Heids,
viz. To abolifch the Mafs, root out Idolatry, and eftablilch the trew Religioun.
And that thay, and the Affairs of the Realme, fould be governed by the Ad-
vyce and Counfaill of the trew Nobility of the fame ; offering thamefelfis and
thair Caus to be tryed by the Laws of the Countrey. Yit nothing could be
accepted nor takin in good Part, albeit the Maifter of Maxwell laboured by
all Means to redres the Matter, quho alfb entertained the Lords moft honou-
rably in Dumfreis, for he had the Government of all that Countrey. Eot he
himfelf incurred the Quenis Wrath fb, that he was fummoned to prefent him-
felf and appeir befoir the King and Quenis Majefties, efter the fame Form^''
that the reft of the Lords wer charged with,^and alfb commanded to give o-
ver the Hous of Lochmaben, and the Caftell which he had in keiping for the
Quene. And albeit he obeyed not, yit was he not put to the Horn, as the
teft. Nevertheles thare was no Man that doubted of his good Will and par-
taking with the Lords, quho in the mean Tyme fent Robert Melvin to the
Quene of England, and declared thair State to hir Majefty, defiring Support.
Now the chief Care and Solicitude that was in the Court, was, be quhat
Means they micht come to have Money ; for notwithftanding this grit Prepa-
raiioun for Warre, and eminent Appeirance of Trouble, yit wer theydeftitute
of the Sinewes of Warre ; albeit the Treafurers, and new Comptroller, to
wit the Laird of 'T'illibardin, had difburfed mony thoufands; yit thare was no
Appeirance of Payment of Souldiours, nor fcarcely how the King and Quenis
Houfes and pompuous Trains fould be upholden ; thare was about 600 Hord
men befides the Guard and 3 Enfignes of Footmen. The Charge of the
hole would amount to 1000 L. Sterling every Month; a Thing furpafling
the ufuall Manner of Scotland. At this Tyme arrvyd the Erie of Botlmell^
quho was welcome, and gracioufly receaved. by the Quene, and immediatly
placed in Counfaill, and maid Lieutenant of the Weft and middle Marches.
Now as every one of the Barones compounded to be exempted from this
Meetinr, the Erie oi Athole demanded of £<//»^«r^y& 200 L. Sterling, bot
they refufed to pay it : Notwithftanding O^ober sjtb, thare was a certane
V . Number
■ -■■'■■■■■■■■'' .^ ^ J
Lib. V. of Re I igiotm in Scotland, 3 81
Number of the principall and rich Pcrlones of the Town warned by a Macer^
to pas to the Palace of Hallyrudhous to tlie King and Quene, quho declared to
thamc by thair awn Mouths, fpeiking that they had U(e for Money ; and thare-
foir knawing thame to be honeft Men, and the Inhabitants of the bert City
in thair Countrey, they muft needs charge thame ; and for Security they fouM
have uther Men bound for Pledges, or ony Hand tharefbir. The Sum that
they defired was looo L. Stcrlwg^ and no les. They being aHonifchcd, maid
no Anfwer. Bot Parfon Flifk ftanding by, (aid, That fcing the King and
Quenis Majefties defired thame Co civilly, in a Thing moit lawfull in thair
Neceffity, they did fchew thamefelfis not honcft to ieip Silence, and give no
Anfwer to thair Majefties, for that muft neidsbc had of thame which was re-
quyred : And if they would not, they (buld be conftraincd by the Laws, which
they would not abyde ; for (bme of thame had defervcd Hanging ( faid he)
becaus they had lent large Sums of Money to the King and Quenis Enemies
and Rcbells: And tharefoir they muft ichortly fuffer grit Punifchment. Soon
efter they wer called in one by one, and demanded how much they wald lend ?
Some maid this Excufe, and fome that ; by Rcflbun thare wer fbme that offer--
ed to lend Money ; amongft quhom thare was one offered to lend 10 L. To
him the Erie of Athole faid. Thou art worthy to be hanged that fpeikeft of
20 L. (eing the Princes charge the (b eafily. Finally, They wer all
imprifoned, and Souldiours fet over thame, having thair Mufkets ready
charged, and thair Match lichted, even in the Hous with thame, quher
they remained all that Nicht, and the nixt Day till Nicht j and then being
changed from one Prifon to ane uther, thare wer fix chofen out, and fent
in the Nicht to the Caftell of Ed'whnrgh, convpyed with Mufketeirs round
about thame, as if they had bein Murtherars, or moft vile Perfbns. At
lenth ( the third Day ) be Means of the Laird of Craigmiller Provoft and
fome uthers, the Sume was maid more eafie, to wit, a i coo Marks >5/f/7/>7?
to be paid immediatly, and to have the Superiority of Leiih in Pledge to
%ffit, upoun Conditioun of Redemptioun. And befides the faid Sume of icoo
Mark Sterling, they payd icco L. Sterling. For the pelting at Dumfreis
at the Day appointed, for electing the Officers, the Quene fent in a Ticket, fuch
as fche would have thame chufe for Proveft, Bayllifl^s and Counfaill, quhare-
of thare was a Number of Papifts, the reft not worthy. Of the Number
given in by the Quene, they named fuch as fould rule for that Yeir ; not-
withftanding without free Eleftioun, the Laird of Craigmiller remained Pro-
Teft, quho fchewed himfelf moft willing to fet fordward Religioun, to punifdi
Vice, and to mantein the Comoun-wealth. All this Tyme the Minifters
cryedout againft the Mefs, andfick Idolatry, for it was more advanced by the
Quene then befoir.
The firft Day of OHoher met in Edmhitrgh the Superintendant of Lcrjctbian^
■with all the Minifters under his Charg, according to thair ordinary Cuftome j
for every Superintendant uled to convene the hole Miniftry And thare it
•was complained on, that they could get no Payment of thair Stipends, not
only about the City, bot thorow the hole Rcalme. Tharefoir efter rtfTouning
and Confukatioun takin, they framed a Supplicatioun dirt6^ed to the King and
Quene, and immediatly prefented the fame to thair Majefties, by Mr. Jolne SpotiJ-
wood' Superintendant oC Ltmthidn, and Mx. Da-jid Lindejay Minifter ofLeitl:. It
contained in Effe^, That fbrafmuch as it had pleifed the King and Quenis
Majefties ( with Advice of the Privy CounfaiU^ to grant unto the Minifters
E e e e e a ijf
o38 The Hiflorie cf the Kejcrmatioun Lib. Vi
ofche Word thnir Stipends to be takin of the Thirds of the Benefices, which
Srioends ar now detained from the faid Minifters, by Reflbun of the Troubles
and changing of the Comptrouller, quhareby they ar not able to lyve : And
tharefoir moft humilly craved the King and Quenis Majefties to cans thame to
be payed. Thair Anfwer was, That they wald caus Ordour to be takin thare-
in to thair Contentment.
Soon efter the Lord Gordoim came to Edinburgh^ and left the moft Part
of his Feple at StvTmg with his Carriage. The Ring and Quene, for
Hope of his good Service to be done, reftored him to his Father's Place,
the Erledom of Huntley^ the Lands and Heritage thareof. O^ober the 8th
the King and Qiiene marched furth of Edinhurgh towards Dumfreis ; and as
they pafled from the Palace of Hallyrudehous^ all Men wer warned with jack
and Spear. The firft Nycht they came to Stirling^ and the nixt to Crawford j
the Day efter the Lairds of Drunlaiirick and Lochinvar met the Quene, albeit
they had been with the Lords familiar enoiich. The Lords perceaving, that all
Hope of Reconciliation was paft, they rode to Ediiam^ quhare they remained
till the Quene came to Dumfreis, and then they paft to Carlyle.
Now the Maifter of Maxwell, quho had entertained the Lords familiarly, and
fubfcryved with them, and had fpoken as hichly againft thair Enemies as ony
of thamefelves, and had receaved large Money by that Means, to wit, looo
L- to raife a Band or Troup of Horfemen ; and that the lame Day the King
and Quene came to Lmnfreis. The third Day efter thair cuming he came to
thame convoyed by the Erie ofBothwell, with divers uther Noblemen. At
length the Erles of Jt bole and Hunt ley wer Sureties for him, and all Things
paft remitted, upoun Conditioun that he fbuld be a faythfuU and obedient Sub,
left hereafter. The fame Day they maid Mufters, the nixt Day the Army was
difperfed, being about 1 8000 Men ; the King and Quene paft to Locbmaben^
quhere the Maifter of Maxwell gave a Banquet, and then forthwith marched
to Iwedale, fo to Piblis, and then to Edinburgh.
The beft and cheif Part of the Nobility of this Reame, quho alfb wer the
principall Inftruments of the Reformacioun of Religioun, and tharefoir wer
called the Lords of the Congregatioun, in Manner above rehearfed, wer ba-
nifched and chafed into England; they wer courteoufiy receaved and intertain-
ed by the Erie of Bedford Lieutenant, upoun the Borders of England. Soon
efter the Erie of Murray took Port towards London, leiving the reft of the
Lords at Newcaftle. Every Man fuppofed, that the Erie of Murray fbuld have
bein gracioufly receaved of the Quene of England, and that he fbuld have got-
ten Support according to his Heart's Defire; bot far beyond his Expeftatioun,
he could get no Audience of the Quene of England. Bot by Means of the
Frenche Ambaftadour, called Monfiour de Four, his trew Freind, he obtained
Audience. The Quene, with a fair Countenance, demanded, How he, being
a Rebell to h'lr Sifter of Scotland, durfl tak the Boldnes upoun him to come within
hir Realme ? Thefe and the likeWords got he, inftead of the gude and courteous
Entertainment expefted. Finally, Efter private Difcourfe, the AmbafTadour
being abfenf, fche refufed to give the Lords any Support, denying plainly,
that ever fche had promifed ony fick Thing, as to fupport thame, faying,
Mje never meanit ony fick Thing in that Way; albeit hir griteft Familiars knew
the contrary. In the End, the Erie of Murray faid to hir, Madame, whatfo-
cvir Thing your Majefty meant in your Hairt, we ar thareof ignorant ; bot thus
r,n:ch m knaw affuredlyj that we had lately faythfuU Promifes of Jyd and Support,
hy
Lib. V. of Rcligioioi VI Scothnd, 385^
hy your Amhalticiour^ an J Fam'tliar Servafsts, tn your Name: A)id furtlc)., 'ue
lave your awn Hand^vrytitig^ lot^/irmin^^ the [aid Fromtfey. And etrerward he
tuk his Leave, and came northward Irom London^ towards Nirjucalile.
Etter the Erie of Murray his Departure from the Court, the Quene (ent thame
fbme Ayd, and wryt unto the Quene of Scotland in thair Favours: Whether
Iche had promifed it in private to the Erie of Murray^ or whether fche repented
hir of the harfh Receptioun of the Erie of Murray.
At this T3 me David Rmo Italian began to be hicher exalted, infbmuch as
thare was no Matter or Thing of Importance done without his Advice. And
during thisTyme, the Faythfull within this Realme wer in grit Feir, looking
for nothing hot grit Trouble and Perfecutioun to be (chortly. Yit Supplicati-
ouns and IntercelTiouns wer maid thorowout all the Congregatiouns, especial-
ly for fuch as wer aflflifted and banifchcd, that it vvald pleis God to give
chame Patience, Comfort and Conlhncy; and this efpecially was done at £■-
dtnburgh, quher Jobne Knox ufed to call thame that wer banifched, T'he befi
Part of the Nobdily, chief Members of the Congregatioun : Quhareof the Cour-
tiers being advertifed, they tuk Occafioun to revyle and bewray his Sayings, al-
Jeadging, he prayed for the Rebells, and defired the Peple to pray for thame
lykeways. The Laird of Lethingtoun chcif Secretary, in prefence of the King
iind Quenis Majef^ies and Counfaill, confeflcd that he hard the Sermons, and
laid, ihare -was nothing at that Tyme fpoken by the Minijier^ quhareat ony Man
med to be offended. And further, declared plainly, That by the Scripture it -was
Jaw full to pray for all Men.
In the End of November, the Lords, with thair Complices, wer fummoned
to appeir the fourth Day of February, for Treafbun, and Leafe-majefly : Bot iri
the mean Tyme, fick of the Nobility as had profelTed the Evangell of Chrifl,
and had communicate with the Brethren at the Lord's Table, wer ever longer
the more fufpefted by the Quene, quho began to declare hirfelf in the Months
of November and December, to be Maintainer of the Papifts ; for at hir Piei^re,
the Eries of Lenox, Athole and Caffiels, with divers uthers^ without ony Diffimu-
latioun knawn,went to theMefs openly in hir Chapell ; yit neverthelcs, the Erles
of Huntley and Bothwell went not to the Mefs, albeit they wer in grit Favour
with the Quene, As for the King, he part his Tyme in Hunting and Hawk-
ing, and fuch uther Pleifures as wer agreeable to his Appetite, having in his
Cumpany Gentilmen willing to fatisfie his Will and Affeftiouns.
About this Tyme, in the Beginning of as the Court reitiained at E-
dinburgh, the banilched Lords, by all Means pofTible, by Wrytings and thair
Freinds, maid Suit and Means to the Ring and Quenis Majeflies, to be re-
ceaved into Favour.
At this Tyme the Abbot of Kyhxinning came from NewcaHk to Edinburgh^
and efter he had gotten Audience of the Ring and Quene, with grit Difficul-
ty he got Pardon for the Duke, and his Freinds and Servands, upoun this Con*
dirioun, that he fould pafTe into France, which he did fbon efter.
The 2 fih. of December, convened in Edtnburgh the^CommifTiouners of the
Churches within this Realme, for the Generall AflTembly. Thare afTifted to
thame the Erles of Mortotot and Marre, the Lord Lindefay and Secretarjf
Lethingtoun, with fbme Barones and Gentilmen. The principall Things that
wer agreed and concluded wer, That forafmuch as the Mefs, with fick Idola-
tr}', and papifticall Ceremonies, wer f^ill manteined, exprefly againft the Afl
of Parliament and the Procbimatiouns maid at the Quenis Arrirall 3 And that
F f f f f the
3^0 The Htliorte of the Reformatioun Lib- V.
the Quene had promeifed, that fche wald hear Conference and Difputatioun ;
that the Church tharefoir offered to prove by the Word of God, that the Doc-
trine preiched within this Realme was according to the Scriptures ; and that
the Mtfs, with all the papifticall Doftrine, was hot the Inventioun of Men,
and meer Idolatry.
Secundly, That by RelToun of the Change of the Comptrouller, quho had
put in new Colleftors, forbidding thame to deliver any Thing to the Miniftry.,
and by thois Means the Miniftry was lyke to decay and faill, contrary to the;
Ordinance maid in the Yeir of God ij62. in Favour and Support cit
the Miniftry. During this Tyme, as the Papifts flocked to Edinburgh fbir
making Court, Ibme of thame that had been Friers, as black Abercrotmny and
Roger, prefented Supplicatioun to the Quenis Majefty, defiring in Effeft, That
they mycht be permitted to preich, whiche was eafily granted. The Noyf'b
was further, that they offered Dilputatioun. For as the Court flood, thejr
Ihocht they had a grit Advantage already, by Reffbun they knew the King xo
be of thair Religioun, as weill as the Quene, with fbme Fart of the Nobili.-
ty, quho, with the King, efter declared thamefelves openly ; and efpecially th e
Quene was governed by the Eries of Lenox and Atbok ; bot in Matters maiii
weichty^ and of griteft Importance, by David Rhio the Italian afoir mentioned!,
quho went under the Name of the Frenche Secretary ; by whole Means, a'fl
grave Matters, of quhat Weicht fbever, muft pas j providing always, that hiis
Hands wer anoynted. In the mean Tyme he was a manifeft Enemy to the
Evangell; and tharefoir a griter Enemy to the banifched Lords. And at this
Tyme, the principall Lords that waited at Court wer divided in Opiniouns^
for the Erie of Mor/oawChancellour, with the Erie of Marre, and Secretary L^-
thingtouuy wer on the one Fart j and the Erles of Himtley and Eotlnull on thie
utherPart: So that a certane Drynes was amongft thame; nevertheles, bjjr
Means of the Erie of Athole, thay wer reconciled. Now as thare was Prep? i-
ratiounmaid by the Papifts for Chriftmefs, the Quene being then at Mefs, the
King came publiftly, and bare Cumpany ; and the Freirs preiched the Days
following, always ufing ana uther Style then they had done fevin Yeirs befoir,
during quhilk Tyme they had not preiched publiftly. They wer fo little cfteern -
ad, that they continewed not lang in preiching.
At the fame Tyme, convened in Edinburgh the Generall Afiembly of thi?
Minifters, and CommifTiouners of the Kirkis reformed within this Realme;
Thare alTifted thame of the Nobility, the Erles of Mortoim and Marre, th e
Lord Ltndefay, and Secretary Lethingtoim, with uthers. The cheif Thing?
that wer concluded in this Afiembly, wer, that for the avoyding of the Plague^
and Scourges of God, which appeired to come upoun the Peple for thair Siris
atKJ Ingratitude, thare fould be proclamed be the Minifters a publift Faft, ifo
be univerfally obferved thorowout all the reformed Kirkis ; quhilk Manner of
Fafting was foon efter devyfed by Johne Knox, at the Comand of the Church,
and put in Print, quharefoir neids not here to be recyted in this Place. W hat
followed upoun the faid Faft fall be plainly, God willing, declared.
The fecund Thing that was ordained in this Afiembly, was concerr iiHg
^ the Minifters, quho, for Want of Payment of thair Stipends, wer lyke t( j pe-
rifch, or elfe to Icive thair Miniftry : Quharefoir it was found nece ITary,
ihat Supplicatioun fould be maid to the King and Quenis Majef^ies ; arid fof
the fame Purpofe, a certane Number of the maift able Men wer elei'iled to
go to thair Maiefties afoirfaid, to lament and bemone thair Cafe ; quhi'ik Fer-
:,- *» ' fons
IB. V. of Rc I igiom in Scotland. 391
fnns had CcmmilTioiin to propofl- fomc utlier Thin{:;s, rtS (all be declared.
The Names of thanie that pit trom the Church to the Ring and Quenis Ma.
ieflies, wer, Mr. Jo/.'ne Spoli/'vjoo..'^, Superintendent of Lovbthtan^ Johne fVin-
ramf. Superintendent of Fyfe^ Mr. Jo/:i;e Ro-ji, Minifter of Ferib^ Mr. David
Lwdefjjy MmKter of Leytl.\ quho eafily obtained Audience of the King and
Quenis Majcfties. And efter tha.r Reverence done, Mr. Jokue Rojj, in Name
ot the reft, opened the Matter, lamenting and bewailing the miferable State
of the poor Minifters, quho by publict Command had been rellbunably (atif-
ficd thrie Yeirs or more, be Virtue of the Aft maid with Advice of the Ho-
nourable Privy Counftill, for the taking up of the Thirds of the Benefices,
quhilk was elpecially maid in thair Favours: Nevertheles the Laird of 7///;-
barJitij new Comprrouller would anfwer thame nothing : Quharefore they
be(oucht thair Majcfties for Relief Secimdiy, Scing that m all Supplicatiouns
maid to the King and Quenis Majeftics by the ChurcJi at all Tymes, they de«
fired maift carneftly, that all Idolatry and Superftitioun, and efpeCially the
Meft, fbuld be rooted out and abolifched quyte out of this Realmc : And
that in the laft Generall Allembly of the Church, by thair Commillioners,
they had moft earneftly dcfired the fame. And that thair Anfwer was then,
That they knew no Impediment in the Mels ; tliarefbir the Aflembly defired,
that it micht pleafe thair HichneflTes to hear Difputatioun, to the End that luch
as now pretended to preich in the Chappell Royall, and mantein fuch Errours;
the Trewth being tryed by Difputatioun, that they micht be knawn to be A*
bufers, fubmitting thame(elves always to the Word of God wrytten in the
Scriptures. To this it was anfwered by the Quene, 'Jhat fche -acts always mind-
ed^ that the Mhuften foidd be fayed than Stipends ; and if thare was ony Fault
tbitre'triy the fame came hy fame of thair awn Sort^ meaning the Comptroller Pit-
iarowj quho had the Handling of the Thirds. Always^ by the Advice of hir
Coutifaillj fche fould cans fick Or dour to he taiken tharein^ that none f odd have Oc-
cafioun to couiphin. As to the fecund^ Sche wald not jeopard hir Religioun
upoun fick as -wer thare prefent ; f»r fche knew 'Weill enouch^ that the Prot eft ants
wer more learned.
The Minifters and CommifTioncrs of the Kirks pcrceaving nothing but De-
lay, and Dryving of Tyme, in the old Manner, went Home every one to their
awn Kirkis, vvayting upoun the guid Providence of God, continually making
Supplicatioun unto Almichty God, that it would pleife him of his Mercy to
remove the apparent Plague. And in the mean Tyme the Quene was bu-
fied with Banqueting about with fbme of the Lords of the Seflion of Edin.
hurgh^ and efter with all Men of Law, having continually in hir Company
David Rizio^ quho (at at Table near to hirfelf, fometymes more privatly then
became a Man of his Conditioun ; (or his over-grit Familiarity was already
fufpefted : And it was thocht, That by his Adgice alone the Quenis Shai^nes
and Extremity towards the Lords was manteined.
In the End of "January aftved ane Ambafladourfrom France, named Mon-
■fieur RamhulUt, having with him about fourty Horfe in Trayn, quho came
thorow England. He brocht with him the Ordour of the Cockle from the
King of France, to the King, quho receaved the fame at the Mefs, in the Chap-
pell of the Palace of Halyrudhous. Thare adifted the Erles of Lenox, Athole,
and Eglintoun, with diverfvJ (ick uther Papifts, as wald pleis the Quene, quho
thric Days efter cau(ed the Herauld to convene in Coun(ain, and reflbuned
ouhat Armes (^nild be givea to the Ring. Some thocht he fbuld have the
F f f f f 2 Armes
292 The Hill or ie of the Keformatioun Lib. V.
Armes o^ Scotland: Some uthers faid, feing ir was not concluded in Parlia-
ment, that he ibuld have the Grown Matrimonial!, he could have Armes, hot
only as Duke of Rotk/ay, Erie of Rop, &!:. The Quene bade give him only
his Dew ; quhareby it was perceaved hir Love waxed cold towards him.
Finally, His Armes wer left blank ; and the Quene caufed put hir awn Name
befoir hir Hufband's in all Wrytes j and thairefter 'chc caufed to leave out his
Name holely. And becaus formerly he had figned every Thing of ony Mo-
ment, fche caufed to m .k aSeall lyke the Ring's, and gave it xoLavrdRizJo^quho
maid Ufe of it by the Quene's Commande, alledging, that the Ring, being
^t hisFaftyme, could not always be prefent.
About the lame Tyme, the Erie of Glencairne came from Bevwick to his
awn Guntrey. Soon efter, theErle of Both-well was married unto the Erie of
Bioitley his Sifter. The Quene defired, that the Marriage micht be maid in
the Chappell at the MeCs ; quhilk the Erie Bothwell wald in nowife grant.
Upoun Sunday the third Day of March began the Facing at Edinburgh. The
(event Day of March the Quene came from the Palace of£Ia!yrudhous to the
Toun, in wondrous gorgious Apparel!, albeit the Number of Lords and Train
was not very grit. In the mean Tyme the Ring, accumpanied with (even or
aucht Horfe, went to Leyth^ to pafs his Tyme thare, for he was not lyke to get
the Crown Matrimoniall.
la the Tolbuth was devifit and namit the Heids of the Artickles that
wer drawn againft the baniflied Lords ; upon the Morrow and Saturday fol-
lowing, there was grit Reasoning concerning the Attainder. Some ailedged.
That the Summons was not well libelled or drefled ; uthers thocht the Mat-
ter of Treafbun was not fufficiently proved ; and indeed they wer ftill feiking
Proof, for there was no uther Way bot the Quene wald have thame all attaint-
ed, albeit the Time was very fchort. The 12th Day oi March fould have bein
the Day, which was the Tuefday following.
Now the Mater was flayed by a marvellous Tragedy, for by the Lords
(upoun the Saturday before, which was the ninth of March^ about Supper-
time) Daii'td Ri-uo the Italian^ named the French Secretary, was flain in the
Gallery below Stairs fthe Ring flaying in the Roum with the Quene, told
her, that the Defigne was onely to tak Ordour with that Villain) efter that
he had bein taken violently from the Quene's Prefence, quho requefted moft
erneftly for the faving of his Lyfe ; which Act was done by the Erie of Mor-
row, the Lord Ruthven^ the Lord Lmdfay, the Mafter o( Ruthven, 'wixYi divers
uther Gentlemen. They firft purpofed to have hangit him, and had provid-
ed Cords for the (am Purpois ; bot the grit hafte which they had, moved
thame to difpatch him with Whingers or Daggers, quherewith they gave
him thrie and fifty Strokes. They feni away and put forth all fuch Perfons
,as they fiifpeftit.
The Erles Bothwell and Huntley hearing the Noife and Glamour, cam (ud-
danely to the Clofe, intending to have made Work, if they had had a Party
ftrong> yneuch ; bot the Erie Morton commandit thame to pafle to thair
ChambeFj or elfe they fould do worfe : At the which Words they retired
.immediately, and fb paft forth at a back Window, they two alone, and with
grit Fear cam forth of the Towne to Edmiftouny on Foot, and from thence
to Crichtoun.
This David Rizio was Co foolifh, that not onely he had drawpe unto him
the managing of all Affaires, the Ring fct afyde, bot alfo his Equipage and
Train
Lib. V. of Rc'ligiotoj i?i Scothnd. 393
Train did furpafle the Kings ; and at the Parliament that \Vas to be, he wa^
ord.uned to be Chancellour ; which made the Lords confjiire againl! him.
They made a Bond to Itand to the Religioun and Liberties of the Cuntrcy,
and to fiee thame(elfis ot the Slavery of the Villain Davi^ Riz'to: The Kin»
and his Father fublcribcd to the Bond, for they diirrt not truft the King's
Word without his Signet.
There was a Frenr/: Prieft (called Johi Damol) wild advifit Dav'tci R'lZt'o
to rnak his Fortune, and be gone, for the Scoti would not fliffer him Ion*'.
His Anfwer was, That the Scots would bragg bot not fight ; then he advifed
.him to beware of the Fiaftard. To this he anfwercd, That the Baftard
fould never live in S:o>lan:i in his Time, (he meant the Erie Murray) but it
happened that one George Doixiglas Baftard Son to the Erie oi" Angus gave hirfi
the firll: Stroke. The Quenc when fche heard he was deidj left weiping, and
declared Iclie would Itudy Revenge, which fche did.
Immediatly it was noifed in the Town of Efmlmrgb, that there wa^ Mur-
ther committed within the King's Palace, qaherefore the Provoft caufed to
ring the common Bell, or, Soni/er k tokjain, (as the French fpcaks) and
ftraightvvay palt to the Palace, having about four or five hundred Men in
warlike Manner ; and as they ftude in the utter Court, the King called to the
Provort, comanding him to pafTe, Home wirh his Cumpany, faying, The
Quene and he wer merry. Bot the Provoft defired to heir the Qutne fpeak
herfelf^ Quhereunto it was anfwered by the King, Provoft, know you not:
that I am King ? I comand you to palTe Home to your Houfes • and imme-
diately they retired.
The next Day (which was the fecund Sunday of our Faft in Edhihurgh')
there was a Proclamatioun made in the King's Name, fubfcribed with his
Hand, That all Bifchops, Abbots, and uther Papifts fould avoid and depart
the Tovvne j which Proclamatioun was indeid oblerved, for they had a I'lLi
. in their Hoje.
Tiiere wer Letters (ent forth in the Kings Name, and fubfcribed with
his Hand, to the Provoft and Bailiffs of EciinNirgh, the Bailiffs ot Leith and
Camiongate^ commanding thame to be ready in Armour to aflifl the King
and his Company, and likewilc other private Writings direfted to divers
Lords and Gentillmen, to come with all Expeditioun.
In the mean Time the Quene being above Meafure enraged, offended and
trubled, as the Ilfue of the Mater declared, fomeiime railing iipbun the King,
and fometime crying out at the "Windows, defirit her Servants to fet her at
Liberty, for fche was hichly offendit and troublit.
This fame icth of March the Erie of Murray, with the reft of the Lords
and Nobillmen that were with him, having receivit the King's Letter, ffbr
after the Bond, above named, was fubfcribed, the King wrote unto the ba-
niflied Lords, to returne into thair Countrey, being one of the Artickles of
the laid Bond) cam at Nicht to the Abbey, being alfb convoyed by the Lord
Hiimey and a grit Company of fhe Borderers, to the Number of looo* Horfes.
And firft, Efter he had prefented himfelf to the King, the Quene was in-
formit of his fuddane coming, and tharefore fent unto hinj, commanding
him to cume to her; and he obeying, went to her, who with a fingular
Gravity received him, efter that he had maid his Purgatioun, and declared
the over.grit Affeftioun which he bore continually to her Majefly, The Erfes
. of Athokj Cathnes and Siiiherhind departed out of the Town, with the Bif^
G 5 g g g chopsj
3^4 ^^'^ Hijlorie of the Reformatioun Lib. V.
chops upoun the Mimday, the thrid Day 6fter the Slauchter of David Rizio.
The Erles of Lpwox, Murray, Morton, and Rothes, Lords Riitbven, Lindfay,
Boyd, and Uchiltrie, fitting in Counfaill, defirit the Quene, That forafmuch
as the Thing which was done could not be undone, that fche would ffor a-
voiding of gritterlnconveniencies) forget the fame, and tak it as gud Ser-
vice feing thare wer (b many Nobillmen reftored. The Quene diflembling
her Difpleifiire and Indignatioun, gave gud Words, neverthelefle fche^ defired.
That all Perfons armed or otherwife (being within the Palace at that Time)
fould remove, leaving the Palace void of all, faving only her domeftick Ser-
vants. The Lords being perfwaded by the uxorious King, and the facile
Erie o^ Murray, condefcended to her Defire, who finally the next Morning,
two Hours before Day, paft to Seato}7, and then to Dumbar, having in hir
Cumpany the fimple King, who was allured by hir fugared Words ; from
Dumhar immediately wer fent Purfuivants with Letters thorowout the Coun-
trey ; and efpecially Letters to the Nobillmen and Barons, comanding thame
to come to Dimhar, to affift the King and Quene within five Dayes : In the
mean Time the Lords. being informed of the luddane Departure, they wer
aftonifched, and knew not what wer beft for thame to do : Bot becaufe it
was the. felf-fame Day fto wit, the 1 2th Day o^ March) that they wer fum-
moned unto; tharefore havinggude Opportunity, they paft to the Tolbuith,
which was richly hung with Tapiftry,and adorned fbot not for them) and fet
thamefelfis, making Proteftatiouns, the Erie of C/fwarwf, and (ume uthers, be-
ing prefent. The Erie of^rgyle, quho was written for by the King, came
to Lhilithgow, and being informed of the Mater, he remained there.
Efter this maner above fpecified, to wit, by the Death of David Rizio, the
Nobillmen wer relieved of thair Trouble, and reftorit to thair Places and
Rooms : And likewife the Church reformed, and all that profelled the E-
vangell within this Realme, efter Fafting and Prayer, was delivered and freed
from the apparent Dangers which wer lik to have fallen upoun thame ; for
if the Parliament had taken EfFeft, and proceeded, it was thocht by all Men
of the beft Judgment, that the true Proteftant Religioun fould have been
•wrackt, and Popery erefted ; and for the fame Purpois, thare wer certane
wooden Altars maid, to the Number of twelve, found ready in the Chappell
of the Palace of Halyrudehousj which fould have bene ere6led in Saint Gyles's
Church.
The Erles Bothwell and Hartley being informed of the Ring and Quenes
fuddane Departure forth of Edinburgh, cam to Dumbar, quhere they wer mofl
gracioufly received by the Quenes Majefty ; who confulting with thame and
the Maifler of Maxwell, togither with Parfon O-win, and Parfon Flipie, chief
Counfaillors, quhat was beft t6 be done, and how fche fould be revenged up-
oun the Murtherers. At firft they did intend to go forward, and leaving no
maner of Cruelty unpraftifed, putting to Death all filch as wer fufpeftit.
This was the Opinioun ot fuch as would obey thair Quene's Rage and Fury
for thair own Advantage; Bot in the End they concludit, That fche fould
come to Edinburgh with all the Force and Power fche could mak, and thare
proceed to Juftice : And for the fam Purpois, fche caufit to fummon, by o-
pen Proclamatioun, all Perfons of Defence, and all Nobillmen and Gentill-
men, to cume to her in Dumbar incontinent. In the mean Time, the Gap.
tanes laboured by all Means to tak up and enroll Men and Women, The
Erles of Mcrton^ Murray, Glemarne^ Rothefe, with the reft that wer in EdtK-
hurgh^
Lib. V. of Re ligiotm m Scotland. 3^5;
hiirgl'j being informed of theQuene's Fury and Anger townrds the Comitterij
ot the Slauchtcr, and perccaving they wcr not able to mak any Party, thocht
it beft to give Place to her Fury for a Time, for they wcr divided in Opini-
ouns, and finally, departed out oi Edivburgh, h^omh Sunday the 17th Day of
March^ every one a fevcrall "Way; for theQuene's Majefty was now bene
only againft the Slayers of David KrJo ; and to [he Purpois fche micht be the
better revenged upoun them, (che intended to give Pardoun to all fuch as be-
toir had bene attainted, for whatfbever Crime.
The 1 Sth Day of Mj;v/', the King and Quene came to Edinlurgh, having
in thair Company Horfe and Foot, to the Numer of Scco Men; quharcof
there wer four Companies of Footmen of War. The Town of Ediuhurgh
went out to meet thame for fear of War. And finally, coming within the
Town, in mofl avvfull maner, they caufit to place thair Men of War within
the Town, and likewile certane Field-pieces againft thair Lodging, which
was in the middle of the Town, over againft the Salt Trone : Now a litle
before the Quenes Entrance into the Town, all that knew of hir cruell Pre-
tence and Hatred towards thame, fled here and thare ; and amongft others
Maifter "^anies Macg'dl the Clerk Regifter, the Juftice Clerk, and the common
Clerk of the Town : The chief Secretary Lethington was gone before ; like-
wile Johne Knox part Weft to Kyle: The Men of War likewifc kept the
Ports or Gates. Within five Days after thair Entry, thare was a Proclamati-
oun maid at the Market-croiTe, for the Purgatioun of the King frcm the a-
fbrelaid Slauchter ; which made all underftanding Men laugh at the Paflages
of Things, fince the Ring not only had gevin his Confcnt, bor al/b had fub-
(cribed the Bond afore named ; and the BufinefTe was done in his Name, and
for his Honour, if he had had Wifdom to know it. Efter this Proclamati-
oun, the Ring loft his Credit among all Men, and fo his Freinds, by this his
Inconftancy and WeaknefTe.
And in the mean time the Men of War comitted grit Outrages in break-
ing up Doors, thrufting thamfelfis into every Houfe: And albeit the Num-
ber of thame wer not grit, yet the whole Town was too little for thame.
Soon after, the Ring and Quene paft to the Caftell, and caufit to warn all
fuch as had abfented thamefelfis, by open Prodamatioun, to appear before
thair Majefties and the Privy Counfeill within fix Days, under Pain of Rebel-
lioun ; which Pra6lice was devifed in the Erie of Huntley's Cafe, before the
Battell of Corrichy : And becaus thay appeared not, they wer denounced Re-
bells, and put to the Home, and immediatly thereafter, thair Efcheats given
or taken up by the Treafurer. There was a ccrtare Number of the Tcwnf^
men charged to enter thamefelfis Prifcners in the Tolbuith, and with thame
wer put in certane Gentillmen : Quhare, efter they had remaned eight
Days, they wer convoyed down to the Palace by the Men of War, and then
kept by thame eight Days more : And of that Ni mber was Thrr.as Sect
SherifPdeputc of Saint Jo^f^wf/^"") quho was condemned to Death, ard execur-
ed cruelly, to wit, hanged and quartered, for keipirg the Qutre in Prifcn, as
was alledged, ahhcch it was by the King's Ccmmard. And t*o Men like-
wife wer condemned to Death, and carried liktwife to the Ladder-fret; hot
the Erie Boih-jcell prefentit the Quene's Ring to the Prcvcft, whieh then was
Juftice, for Safety of thair Life. The Ncmes cf thcfe two wcr Jclre Mdraj
'Merchant, and William Harkw Sadler. Aboi-t the fjrre Time, rotwith-
flanding all this hurhturly, iheMinifleis cf tV.e Chvrch, zrd Ficftf^crs of
G g g g g « R§
qq6 The Htftorie of the Reformatioun Lib. V.
Religioun ceafit not 5 for the People, they convened to publike Prayer^ and
Preaching with Boldnefle ; yea, a grit Number of Nobillmen aflifted like-
wife. The Erie Bothvjell had now, of ail Men, gritteft AccefTe and Fami-
liarity with the Quene, lo tliat nothing of any grit Importance was done
without him ; for he icliewed Favour to (uch as liked him ; and amongft
uthers, to the Lairds ofOrmiJion, Hawton, and CaUer, quho war fb recon-
ciled unto him, that by hisTavour they wer relieved of grit Trouble.
The Erles of Argyk and Murray, at the Quenis Commande, part to ArgyJe^
quhere efter they had remained about a Month, they wer lent for by the
Quene • and coming to Edinburgh, they wer receaved by the Quene into the
Caftell and banquetted, the Erles of Huntley and BothweU being prefenr.
At this Tyme the Ring grew to be contemned and difefteimed, ib that fcarce-
ly ony Honour was done to him, and his Father lykewife.
Khoxxi Efther the King paft to .SVir/w^jquher he was fhriven, efter the Papift
Manner, And in the mean Tyme, at the Palace of Halyrudhous, in the Chap-
pell, thare reforted a grit Number to the Mefs, albeit the Quene remained ftill
in the Caftell, with hir Priefts of the Chapell Royall, quher they ufed Ceremo-
nies efter the Popifeh Manner.
At the {ameTyme, depairted this Lyfe Maifter Johne Sinclair Bifchope of
Rolje and Dean of Lejierrig, of quhom hath bene oft Mentioun, Prefident of
the Colledge of Juftice, called the Seffioun ; quho ahb (ucceeded in the (aid
Office and Dignity, efter the Deceafe of his Brother Maifter Jolme Sinclair,
Bifchope of Rojfe, Dean of Glafgovo, quho departed this Lyfe at Paris, about
a Yeir befoir. They wer both learned in the Laws, and given to maintain
thePopifth Religioun ; and tharefoir grit Enemies to the Proteftants. A lit-
tell befoir dyed Mr. Abraham C/}rickoun,quhoh2Ld been Prefident lykewife novv
in thair Rooms.
The Quene placed fick as (che pleifed, and had done hir Service ( always
very unfit. ) The Patrimony ot the Kirk, Bifchopricks, Abbyes, and (lich
uther Benefices, wer difpofed by the Quene to Courtiers, Dancers and Flat-
terars. The Erie of Both-well, quhom the Quelle preferred above all uthers,
efter the Deceafe of Lavid Rizto, had for his Part MelroJJe, Hadingtoun and
J<!ew Battel; lykewife the Caftle of Dunbar vizs given to him, with the prin-
cipal! Lands of the Erledom of Marche^ which wer ot the Patrimony of the
Crown;
At the fame Tyme the Superintendents, with the uther Minifters of the
Kirkis, perceaving the Miniftry lyke to decay for lack of Payment of Stipends
to Minifters, they gave this Supplicatioun at Edinburgh.
«
The Supplicatioun of 'the Minifters to the^une.
UNto your Majefty, and your moft honourable Counfaill, moft humbly
and lamentably complains, your Hichnes poor Oratours, the Superin-
tendents and uther Minifters of theReformed Church of God,travelling thorovv'-
out all your Hichnes's Realme, in teaching and inftrufting your Leiges in all
Quarters, in the Knawledge of God, and Chrift Jefus his Sonj That quher
your Majefty, with Advice of the Counfaill and Nobility afoirfaid, moved by
godly Zeal, concluded and determined, that the travelling Miniftry thorowout;
this Realme, fould be manteined upoun the Rents of the Benefices of this'
Realme ot Scotland; and for that Caus your Majefty, with the Advice of the
GounfaiU
Lib. V. of Rcligwtm ifi Scotland. 3^7
Counlliill and Nobility afoirfaid, upoun the i;th Day of Decew/er i ;62. In
like Manner concluded and determined, that if the laid Part of the Rents of
the hole EeneticeS F.ccltfiarticall within this Rcalme, would be fLfficient to
mantein the Minifters thorowout the hole Realme, and to (iipport your Ma-
jelty, in the fetting fordward of your cr motn Aftairs, f'oiild be imploycd ac-
cordingly : Failing thareof, the third Fart ot the laid Fruits or more to
be taken up ycirly in Tyme coming, untill a generall Ordour be takt?n thare-
in ; as the Act maid tharcupoun at nior Length bears. W'hich being efter-
ward confidered by yourMajefty, the hole Thirds of the Fruits afoir.'aid wet
propounded to the Ules afouMaid, by Aft of Counfaill. And we your Maje-
Ities poor Orarours, put in peaceable Poflcnion of the Part afligned by youi*
Mp.jerty to us, by the Space of thrie Yeirs or rhareabouts, which we did en-
joy without Inrerruptioun ; notwithftanding all this, now of late, we your
Majefties poor Oratours afoirlaid, ar put wrongfully and unjuffly from thair
afoirfaid Part of fhe above fpecified Thirds, by your Majeiiies Officers, and
thareby broucht to flck extreme Penury, and extreme Diflrcs, as we ar not
able ony langer to mantein ourlelfis. And albeit we have given in divers and
fundry Complaints to your Majefty herein, and have receaved divers Promcifes
of Rcdresj yit have wc found no Relief: Tharefoir we moft humbly be-
feech your Majcl^y to confidcr our moft greivous Complaint, togidder with
the Richt above fpecified, quhareon the f.me is grounded. And if your Ma-
jefty, with Advice of your Counfaill afoirfaid, finds our Richt fufficient to
continue us in PoffefTioun of our Part affigned to us, while and untill a gene-
rall Ordour be taken ; quhilk PolfefTioun was ratified by the ycirly Allowance
of your Majefties Fxchcquher's Accompt, that your Majefty would grant
us Letters, upoun the afoirfaid Aft and Ordinance part thareupoun, againft all
Intromettours and Medlers with the atoirlaid Thirds, to anfwer and obey ac-
cording to the afoirfaid Aft and Ordinance of our Fofltflioun proceiding
thareupoun. And lykewile that we may have Letters, if netd be, to arrtft
and flay the afoirfaid Thirds in the PcfTeficurs Hards, while and till fifl^citnt
Cnutioun be found to us, for our Part afoirfaid. And your Anfvver rriaifl
humbly we befeech.
This Supplicatioun being prefented by the Superintendent of Lciithiatr^ and
Mr. Johne Craig^ in the Caftell of Edhibiirgl:^ was gracicufly receaved by the
Queue, quho promifed, that fche would tak fufficient Ordour tharein, fo Ibcn
as the Nobility and Counfaill micht convene.
The 19th of June, the Queue was delivered of a ManChild (the Prince in
the afoirfaid Caftle) and immediately fent mo France and £;;^/^;;^hir Fofts, to
advertife the neychbour Princes, and to defire thame to fend GofTips or "VVit-
neffesof the Prince's Baptifme.
In the mean Tyme, thare was Joy and Triumph maid in Edinburgh^ and
fick uther Places quhere it was knawn^ efter Thanks and Praifes given unto
God, with Supplicatiouns for the godly Educatioun of the Prince ; ar.d prin-
tipally wilching, that he fould be baptized acccordingto the Maner and Forili
obferved in the Reformed Churches within this Realme.
About the fame Tyme, to wit, the 2;th of Jiine^ the Generall AfTeniblyof
the hole Church convened at Eainhurgh. The Erles of Jrgyle and Murray af^
fifted at the AfTembly. PauJl Methen, quho befoir, as we have heard, was
excommunicate, gave in his Supplicatioun, and defirtd to te heard, as he
H h h h h )ia4
Q^8 The Hi ft or ie of the Kejormatioun Lib. V*
had done divers Tyme ; for the faid Paull had written oft-tymes out of En-
gland to the Laird of Dun^ and to divers uthers, mofl earneftly defiring to be
receaved agane into the Fellowfchip of the Church. Efter reafbning of the
Matter, it was finally granted, that he fould be hard. And fo being befoir
the AfTcmbly, and falling upoun his Knees, burft out with Tears, and faid,
He war not worthy to appear in thair Pre fence ; always he de fired thame, for thf
Love of God, to receave him to the open Expreffiotin of his Repentance. Schortly
efter, they appointed certane of the Minifters to prefcribe to hini the Form
of his Declaratioun of Repentance, quhilk was thus in Effect. Firft, That
he fou'd prefent himfelf Bare-foot and Bare-head, arayed in Sack-cloth, at the
principall Entry of San<S Gyles Kirk in Ediuhurgh, at feven Hours in the MoriiT
ing upoun the nixt Wednefday, and thare to remain the Space of ane Hour,
the hole Peple beholding him, till the Prayer was maid, Pfalmes fung, and
Text of Scripture was read, and then to come in into the Phce appointed,
for ExprelTiOun of Repentance, and tarry the Tyme of Sermon ; and to do fb
lykewife the nixt Friday following, and alio upoun xhe Sunday; and then, in the
Face of the hole Kirk, to declare his Repentance with his own Mouth, The fame
Form and Manner hefbuld ufe in Jedwart and Dundie : And that being done, to
prefent himfelf agane at the nixt Generall AfTembly following in Winter, quhare
he fbuld be receaved to the Communioun of the Church. When the faid
Paull had receaved the faid Ordinance, he took it very greivoufly, alledgfing,-
^heyhad u/ed over grit Severity. Nevertheles, being counfailled and perfwaded
by divers notable Perfbnages, he began weill in Edinburgh to proceed, quhare-
by a grit Number wer moved with CompafTion of his State, and lykewife ii»
Jedwart ; but he left his Duty in Dundie, and pafTmg agane into Bigland, the
Matter, not without Offence to mony, ceafed.
The Minifters complained, That they could not be payed thair Stipends,
wer licenfed by the Affembly to pas to uther Kirkis to preich, but in nowife
to leave the Miniflry. And becaus that the Quenis Majcfty had promifed of-
ten befoir to provide Remedy, it was thocht expedient, that Supplicatiount
fould be yit maid, as befoir, that the Quenis Majefty fbuld caus fick Ordour to
be taken, that the poor Minifters micht be payed thair Stipends. The Bifl
chop of Galloway, quho was Brother to the Erie of Huntley, and now a grit
Man in the Court, travelled much with the Quenis Majefty in that Matter,
and got of hir a gude Anfwer, and fair Promifes. A few Yeirs befoir, the
faid Bifchopeof Galloway defired of the General! AfTembly to be maid Super-
intendent of Galbway J -hot now being promoted to grit Dignity, as to be of
the Number -of the Lords of the Privy Counfaill, and lykewife one of the Sef2-
oun he would no more be called Over-looker, or Over-feer of Galloway, bpc
Bifchop. Always Truth it is, that he laboured much for his Nephew the Erie
o( Huntley, that he micht be reftored to his Lands and Honours; for the
(aid Erie was now Chancellour, fince the Slauchter of David Rizio, and had
for his Clawback the Bifchop of Rofe, Maijfter Johne Lefley, one of the chief
Counfaillors to the Queue. Bot of all Men the Erie Eothwell was moft in
the Quenis Favour, fb far that all Things paft by him ; yea, by his Means
the moft Part of all thofe that wer Partakers in the Slauchter of David Rizia
got RemifTioun and Releif Bot from that Day he was not prefent at ony Ser-
men ; albeit befoir he profefTed the Evangell by outward fpeaking, yit he
never joyned to the Congregatioun. Bot this Tyme the Erie of Cafells was
contracled with the Lord of Glamet Sifter, by quhos Perfwafioun he became 3
Froteftant^
Lib. V. oj KcligiQun in Scotland. 3^^
Protcrtanr, and caufed, in the Month of y^«^H/?, to reform his KirkisinGr-
r/V/r, and promifed to mantcin the Do(5lrine of the Evangcll.
The Qucnc not yit Satisfied with the Death of hir Man Dav'ici^ caufed in
Auguft to be apprehended a Man called Hary, quho (bmetyme had been of
hirChappell Royall, bot efterward became an Exhorter in a Reforrrjcd Kirk ;
and for Want of Stipend, or uther Neceflaries, paft in Service to my Lord
Riithen, and chanced that Nycht to be prefent quhen the faid David was flain |
and Co finalljv he was condemned, and hanged, and quartered.
The King being now contemned of all Men, becaus the Quetie cared not
for him, he went fometyme to the Lenox to his Father, and fometyme to Stir-
Ftiig, whidder the Prince was carried alittcll befoir. Always he was deftitute
of fick Things, as wer necefiary for him, having fcarfeiy fix Horfes in Trayn.
And being thus defolate, and half defperate, he fbucht Means to go out of the
Countrey. And about the fame Tyme, by the Advice of Forl//b Cagets, he
wrote to the Paip^ to the King oC Spuni^ and to the King of /vw/rf, complain,
ing of the State of the Countrey, quhilk was all out of Ordour, all becaus
that Mefs and Popery wer not agane erefted, giving the hole Blame thareof
to the Quene, as not managing the Catholick Caus arycht. By fome Knave
this pure Prince was betrayed, and the Quene got a Copy of thefe Letters into
hir Hands, and tharefbir threatnit hm fbrej and tharewas never efter that, ony
Appearance of Love betwix thame.
The Churches of Geneva, Berne and Ba/llly with uther Reformed Churches
of Germany and France, fcnt to the hole Church of Scotland^ the Sum of the
ConfefTioun of thair Fayth, defiring co knaw if they agreed in Uniformity of
Dcftrine, alledging, that the Church of Scotland was dilTonant in fbme Ar-
tickles from thame. Quharefoir the Superintendents, with a grit Part of the
uther mofl qualified Minif^ers, convened in September in Sanft Aidrois; and
reading the faid Letters, maid Anfvver, and fent Word agane, that they agre-
ed in all Points with thofe Churches and differed in nothing from them J
Albeit in the keeping of fome feftivall Days, our Church afTented not ; for on«
\y the Sahkilh Day was kept in Scotland.
In the End of this Month the Erie ^o/Z-wf//, riding in Purfuit of theThelves
in Liddifdale, was ill hurt, and worfe terrified, by a Thief j for he believed
furely to have departed furth of this Lyfe, and fent Word thareof to the
Quenis Majefty, quho fbon efter paft furth of Jedvjart to the Uennitage, to
vifit him, and give him Comfort. And witliin a few Days efter, fche took
Sicknes in a mod extreme Manner ; for fche lay two Hours long, cold dead,
as it wer without Breath, or ony Signe of Lyfe ; at lenth fche revived, by
RefToun they had bound fmall Cords about hir Shackle-bones, hir Knees and
grit Toes, and fpeiking very fbftly, fche defired the Lords to pray for hir to
God : Sche faid the Creed in Enghche, and defired the Lord of Murray, if fche
(buld chance to depart, that he would not be over extreme to fuch as was of
hir Religioun ; the Duke and he fould have been Regents. The Bruit went
from Jedwart, in the Month o{ OHoher 1^6^. that the Quene was departed
this Lyfe, or at leaft fche could not live ony Tyme ; quharefoir thare was
continually Prayers publicly maid at the Church of Edinburgh, and divers u-
ther Places, for hir Converfioun towards God, and Amendment. Many wer
of Opinioun, That fche fould ccme to the Preaching, and renounce Fcpery :
Bot all in vain, for God had fbme uther Things to do by hir. The King be.
ing adverteifed, rod Pofl from Stirling to Jedburgh ^ quhare he found the Quene
H h h h h 3 fomequhat
, : n^ .
400 The Bi/lorie of the Refcrmatioim Lib. V*
fomequhat convalefced, bot fche wald (carce fpeik to him, and hardly give him
Prefence, or a gud Word ; quharfliir he returned immediatly to StirUng^ quhare
the Prince was, and efter to Glafgow to his Father.
Thare appeared grit Trouble over the whole Realme, and efpecially in
the Countreys near the Borders, if the Quene had departed at that Time.
As (che began to recover, the Erie Both-well was brocht in a Charriot from
the Hermitage to JeSiiygh, quhere he was cured of his Wounds ; in whole
Prefence the Quene took more Pleafure then in all the reft of the World; al-
ways by his Meanes moft Part of all that wer outlawed for the Slauchter of
David ki-Jo got Relief, for thare was no uther Means, bot all Things muft
needs pafle by him ; quharefore every Man fbucht to him, quhere immedi-
ately Favour was to be had, as befoir to Z)^^^/^/!/^.
Soon efter, the Quene pafling along the Borders, fche cam within the
Bounds of Berwick, quhere fche viewed the Town at her Plefure afar off, be-
ing within half a Mile and leffe; all the Ordnance within Berwick wer diC
charged: The Captane cam forth with fourfcore Horfes bravely arrayed, to
do her Honour, and offer her lawfiill Service. Then fche cam to Craig-
miller, quhare (che remaned in November till fche was advertifit of the com-
ing of the Ambaffadours to the Baptifme of the Prince; and, for that Purpofe
thare was grit Preparatioun maid, not without the Trouble of fuch as wer
(uppofed to have Money in ftore, efpecially of Edinburgh ; for thare was bor-
rowed a gude round Sum of Money for the fame Bufineffe. All her Care
and Solicitude was for that Triumph. At the fame Time arrived the Connie
de Briance, EmbafTadour of the King of France, quho had a grit Train.
Soon efter the Erie of Bedford went forth of England with a very gorgious
Company, to the Number of fourfcore Horfes, and pafTmg to Stirling he was
humanly received of the Quene's Majefty, and every Day banquetted. The
excefTive Expences and fuperfluous Apparell, which was prepared at that
Time, exceeded farr all the Preparatioun that ever had bene devifqd or fet
forth afore that Time in this Countrey. The i^th o^ December i'566, in the
grit Hall of the Caftle o^ Stirling was the Prince baptised by the Bifchop of
Saint Androis, at five a Clock at Even, with grit Pompe, albeit with grit
Paine could they find Men to beare the Torches, quherefore they tock Boyes,.
The Quene laboured much with the Nobillmen to bear the Salt, Greafe and
Candle, and fiich other Things, bot all refufed ; fche found at laft the Erles
of Eglingtoun, Athole, and the Lord Seaton, quho afTifted at the Baptifme, and
.brocht in the faid Trafh. The Counte de Briance (being the French Ambafla-
dourj afTifted likewife. The Erie of Bedford brocht for a Prefent from the
Quene oi^ England a Font of Gold, valued to be worth Thrie thoufand Crowns,
Soon efter the faid Baptifme, as the Erie was in communing with the Quene,
quho enterteined him moft reverently, he began t6 fay merrily to her, a>
mongft other talking, Madame, I rejoyce very gritly at this Time, feeing
your Majefty hath here to ferve you fb many Nobillmen, efpecially twelve
Erles, quhareof two only afTift at this Baptifme to the Superftitioun of Popery.
At the which faying the Quene kept good Countenance. Soon efter they ban-
quetted in the (aid grit Hall, quhare they wanted no Prodigality. During
the Time of the Erie of Bedford''^ remaining at Stirling, the Lords for the
moft Part waited upoun him, and conveyed him every Day to the Sermon,
and efter to ba.iquetting.
The
Lib. V. of Rcligioufi m Scothnd. 4.01
The K-ing remaned in Stirling all that Tyme (ncvir teing prcftnt) kept
his Chcimber : His Father hearing how he uas bltd, writ to him to re-
pair unto him ; quho loon ckcr went ^without GudnichtJ toward Gliif^nb
to his Father ; he was hardly aMilc out of StitiiH^^ whtn the Foyfcn (wllich
had been given him) wrocht ib upoun him, that he had very great Pain and
Dolour in every Fart of his Body. At length, being arrived at Giafgm the
Bhllers brake out, of a blcwilh Colour, fo the rh3ficians prclLntly knew
the Dileafe to come by Poyfoun ; he was brought fb low that nothing hot
Death was expected j yet the Strength of his Youth at laft did furmount the
Foyloi;].
During the Time of this Triumph the Quenc was moft liberall in all
Things that wer demanded of hir ; amongft other Things, fche fubfcribcd
a Writing for the Maateinance of the Minifters in a reafonable Proportioun
which was to be taken up of the Thrids of Benefices: Which Writing be-
ing purchafed by the Bifchop of Galloway, was presented at the Generall Af-
fembly of the Church at Edinburgh, the a/th Day of Decewhr i;66, where
were conveened the Superintendents and other Minifters in reafonable Number
hot very few Comminioners. The firfl Mater that was thare propofed, was
concerning the faid Writing lately obtained j and the mod Fart of the Mini-
fters being demanded their Opiniouns in the Mater, efter Advice, and pafTing
a little afide, they anfwered very gravely. That it was thair Duty to preach
to the Peple the Word of God truly and fincercly, and to crave of the Audi-
tors the Things that were neceflary for thair Suftentatioun, as of Duty the
Pafiour micht juftly crave of thair Flock ; and further it became thame not
to have any Care. NeverthelefTe the Aflenibly taking in Confideratioun
that the (aid Gifts granted by the Quenes Majefty, was not to be refufed -
they ordained, That certane faithfull Men of every Shire fbuld meet and do
thair utmolt Dilligence for gathering and receiving the faid Come and Money
and likewile appointed the Superintendent of LovjtJ:iane, and Mr. Jo/me Rcw
to wait upon the Bifchop of Galloway, and concurre and afiift him for fur-
ther Expeditioun in the Court, that the faid Gift micht Ipe difpatched throch
the Scales.
In the fame AfTembly there was prefented a Remonftrance by Writ by fum
Gentillmen of Kyle, conteining in Effe6}-, That in afmuch as the Tythes ought
to be given only to the Minifters and Schooles of the Word, and for Man-
teinance of the Poor, that therefore the Affembly would Stature and Ordain,
That all the ProfefTors of the Evangeil fould keip the fame in thair own Hands
to the Etfefts aforeftid, and no Way permit the Papifls to meddle tharewith.
This Writing tuke no Effect at that Time, for thare was none elfe bot the
Gentillmen of Kyle of that Opinioun. It was ftatuted in the faid AfTembl)',
That fuch publike Fornicators, and fcandalous Livers as would not confefTe
. thair Offences, nor come to declare thair Repentance, fould be declared by
the Minifter to be out of the Church, and not of the Body thareof, and thair
Names to be declared pubhkely upoun the Sunday. Efter this Affembly, the
Bifchop of Gallo-xay (with the Superintendent of Lowthiaii and Mr. JolneRoijo)
pafTing to Stirling, obtained thair Demands in an ample maner at the Quenes
Majefties Hand, according to thair Defire ; and likewife they obtained for e-
very Borough, a Guift or Donatioun of the Altarages, Annuals, and Obites,
which before were given to the Fapifis, now to be difpofed for the Mainte-
nance of the Minifters and Schooles within the Boroughs, and the reft to the
^ i i i i Po©r
402 The Hiftorie of the Reformat ioun Lib. V.
poor or Hofpital. Notwithftanding the domeftick Troubles that the Church of
God in Scotland fuffered in the Time of thefe Hurliburlies "v^ithin the King-
dom yet they wer not unmindfull of the Affli6tioun ot Jacol? every where
upoun the Face of the Earth j namely, they had befoir thair Eyes the State
and Conditioun of the Church of God in England^ witnefle this Letter from
the Generall Affembly to the Reulars of the Church of God in England.
The Super'mtendents^ •with other Mlmften and Comm'iffioywrs of the Church of God
in the Kingdome of ScQthnd, to their Brethren the Btfchops and Paltours of
God's Church in England, iniho profeffe with us in Scotland the Treuth of Jefus
Chrift.
BY Word and Letters it is come to bur Knowledge (Reverent Brethren,
Paftors of God's Word in the Church of England) that divers of our
Brethren fof quhom fbme be of the moft learned in England) are deprived
from all Ecclefiaftical Funftioun, namely, are forbidden to preach, and Co
by you ar flopped to promote the Kingdom of God, becaus they have a Scruple
of Confcience to ufe at the Command of Authority fuch Garments as Idola-
ters in Time of gritteft Darkneffe, did ufe in thair Superftitious and Idola-
trous Service ; which Report cannot bot be very grievous to our Hearts, con-
fiddering the Sentence of the Apoftle, If ye bite and devour one another^ take
heed ye be not confumed one of another. We intend not at this prefent to en-
ter into the Queftioun, which we hear is agitated and handled with griter
Vehemency by eyther Party, then well liketh us, to wit. Whether fuch Ap-
parell be accounted amongfl Things indiflferent, or not ; quherefbre (throch
the Bowells of Jeftis Chrift_) we crave that Chriflian Charity may fb farre
prevaill with you, quho ar the Paftours and Guides of Chrif^'s Flock in Eng-
land, that ye do one to another as ye defire others to do to you. You can-
not be ignorant quhat TendernelTe is in a fcrupulous Confcience, and all that
have Knowledge are not alyke perfwaded ; the Confciences of fbme of you
ftirres not, with th'^' wearing of fuch Things, on the other Side many Thou-
lands (both godly and learnedj are otherwile perfwaded, quhofe Confciences
are continually flrucken with thefe Sentences, ^hat hath Chrift to doe with
Belial? ^ih at Fellow f chip is thare betwixt Light and Darkneffe ? If Surplice,
Corner-Cap and Tippet have bene the Badges of Idolaters in the very Aft of
thair Idolatry, quhat hath the Preachers of Chriftian Liberty, and the Re-
bukers of Superftitioun with the Dregs of that Rotnifh Beafl ? Yea, quhat
is he that ought not to fear, eyther to take in his Hdnd, or on his Forehead the
Prints and Mark of that odious Beaft : The Brethren that refufe fuch unprofit-
able Apparell do neyther condemne nor molefl you quho ufe fuch Trifles. On
the other Side, if ye that ufe thefe Things, will do the lyke to your Bre-
thren, we dout not bot tharein you fall pleife God, and comfort the Hearts
of many, which ar wounded to fee Extremity ufed againft thefe godly Bre-
thren : Humane Arguments or colloured Rhetoricke, we ufe none to per»
fwade you, onely in Charity we defire you to mind the Sentence of Peter,
Feed the Flock of Chrili which is comitted to your Charge, caring for it, not by
Conftraint, bot willingly ; not being as Lords of God's Heritage, bot being Examples
to the Flock. We further defire you to meditate upoun that Sentence of
Paul, Give no Offence neither to Jewes, nor Gentiles, nor to the Church of God'y
in quhat Conditioun you and we both travell, at leaft are bound to travell
for
i -■ ■ ■ — "■ ■ " ™^"^^— — — — — .__^
Li B. V. of Rcligiotoj in Scotland. ^03
for the promorinc; of Chrift's Kingdom, you arc not ignorant ; therefore wi*
arc the more bold to exhort you to deall more wilcly, then to trouble the
godly tor fuch Vanities, for all Things which feem lawful!, cdifie not • if
Authority urge you farther then your Confcicnces can bear, I pray you re-
member, that the Minilkrs of the Church arc called the Light of the World
and Salt of the Earth; all civill Authority hath not always the Light of God
(hining befoir thair Eyes^ in Statutes and Commands, for thair Aff'eftiouns
favour too much of the Earth and worldly Wifdome : Tharefore we tell
you. That ye ought to oppofe yourfelfis boldly, not onely to all Power that
dare extoll itfelf againft God, hot alio againlt all fuch as dare burden the
Confciences of the faithfull, farther then God chargeth thame in his own
"Word. But we hojlfe you will excufe our Freedom in th«t we have entred
in Rcafoning farther then we intended in the bcgining. Now agane we re*
turn to our former Requclt, which is, That the Brethren among you quho
refute the Ronulh Rags, may find of you quho ufe and urge thame fuch Fa-
vour as our Head and Mafter commandeth each one of his Members to fhew
to another, which we look to receive of yourCourtcfie, not only becaufe you
will not offend God in troubling your Brethren for fuch vain Trifles bot al-
fo becaus you will not retufe the erncft Rcqueft of us your Brethren and
Fellovv-Minifters, in whom althoch thare appear no worldly Fompe ; yet we
are alTured you will efteem us as God's Servants, travelling to fet forth his
Glory againrt the Roman Antichrift. The Days are evill, Iniquity aboundeth
and Charity (alas) waxeth cold, quherefere we ought to walk diligently
for the Hour is uncertain quhen the Lord fall come, befoir quhom we muft
all give an account of our Adminiftratioun. In Conclufioun, yet once morfe
■we defire you to be favourable one to another. Lord Jefus rule your Hairts
in his Fear unto the End, and give to you and us Vif^ory over that conjured
Enemy of true Rcligioun, {the Pope) quhofe wounded Head Sathan by all
Means ftrives to Cure agane j bot to Deftruftioun (all he go, and all his
Manteiners, by the Power of our Lord Jefus, to quhofe michty Prote^tioun
we commit you. From our Gencrall Alfembly, December 27. ij66.
At the fame Tyme the Bifchop of Sanft Jndrois, by Means of the Erie of
Botb-viell, procured a "Wryting from the Quenis Majef^y, to be obeyed with-
in the Dioceffe of his Jurifdiftion, in all fuch Caufcs as befoir in Tyme
of Popery wer ufedinthe Confiftory ; and tharefoir todifcharge the new Com-
mifTioners : And for the fame Purpofe came to Edinburgh in January^ having
a Cumpany of one hutidred Horfes or more, intending to tak PoffefTioun, ac
cording to his Gift lately obtained. The Provefl being advertifed thareof, by
the Erie of Murray^ they fent to the Bifchop thrie or four of the CounfailJ,
defiring him to defift from the faid Matter, for Fear of Trouble and Seditioun*
that micht rife thareupoun ; quherby he was perfwaded to defift at that
Tyme. Soon efter, the Queue came to Edinburgh, quhare fche remained a few
Pays. In the Month of January fche was informed, that the King was re-
covered of the Poyfoun given him at Stirling ; and tharefoir fche pafl to
Glafgo^jj to vifite him, and thare tarried with him fix Days, ufing him won-
derfully kindly, with mony gracious and gude Words ; and lykewife his Fa-
ther the Erie of Lenos ; infomuch that all Men marvelled quhareunto it fould
turn, confidering the grit Contempt and Drynes that had been befoir fo long
togidder : The Quene, notwithftanding all the Contempt that was given him,-
I i i i i 2 witK
404 The Hi/iorie of the Kcprmatioim Lib. V.
with a knawn Defign to take away his Lyfe, y.it, by hir fweet Words, gains
fb far upoun the uxorious Hul"band, and his facile Father, that he went in
Coraparry with hir to Edhihtrgb^ quhare fche had caufed to lodge him at the
Church of FieU, in a Lodging laitly bocht by Maifter James Balfour ClerJc
Ref'ifter, trewly very unmeit for a King. The Quene reforted often to vific
him and lay in the Hous two Nychts by hirn ( althouch hir Lodgings was in
the Palace of H^jlyrudhoiis. ) Every Man marvelled at this Reconciliatioun
and fudden Change. The nynth of pebrmry the Ring was murthered, and the
Hous quhare he lay burned with Fowder.- About twelve of the Clock in the
Nycht; his Body was caftfurthin a Yard without ,the Town-wall adjoyning
clofs by. There was a Serysnt lykewife murdered befide him, quho had
been alio in the Chamber with him. ThePeple ran to^Dehold this fpeflacle,
and wondring thareat, fbme judged one Thing, fome another.
.. 'Schortly thereafter, Bothti<jell came from the Abbey, with a Cumpany of
Men of War, and caufed the Body of the King to be carryed to the next
Hous ; quhere, efter a little, the Chirurgiouns being convened at the Quenis
Command, to view and confider the Manner of his Death j mofl Part gave
oiit P pleife the Quene, That he was .blown in the Ayr, albeit he had no
Mark of Fyre ; and trewly he was ftrangled. Soon efter he was carryed to ;he
Abbey, and thare buryed. •
"i This tragicall End hzd Henry Stewart, t^itxht had been King auchteen Months.
A Prince of grit Linage, both by Mother and Father. He was of a comely
Stature and none was lyke unto him within this Ifland j he died under the
Age of one and twenty Yeirs ; prompt and ready for all Games and Sports,
much given to Hawking and Hunting, and running of Horfes, and lykewife
^p playing on the Lute, and alfb to F(?w«j Chamber j he was liberall enouch :'
He could wryte and difiate Weill ; but he was fomequhat given to Wine and
much Feeding, and lykewife to Inconflancy, and proud beyond Meafure ; and
tharefoir contemned all uthers. He had learned to diffemble weiJl enouch, be-
ing from his Youth mifled up in Popery. Thus within two Yeirs efter his Ar-
ryving in this Realme, he was hichly by the Quene alone extolled ; and final-
ly had his unfortunate End by hir Procurement and Confent, To lay all u-
jher Proofs afide, hir Marriage with Bothvcell^ quha was the main Executio-
-Uer of the Ring, notwithftanding all the Advices and Counfaills that the
jK^ing of Frame, and Quene of England, did earneftly and carefully give hir,
as uther Friends did lykewife, witnefs anent their Guilt. Thofe that laid
Hands on the King to kill him, by BotbwelFs Dire6iioun, was Sir James BaU
fomy Gilbert Balfour, David Chalmers, black Johne Spenfe, Francis Sebaftieu^
"Johne de Bourdeau, and Jofeph the Brother of David Kmo. Thefe lafl four
wer the Quenis Domeflicks and Strangers. The Reafbun why the King's
Death was fb haftened, becaus the Affeclioun or PafTioun of the Erie Both-
well could not bear fo long a Delay, as the Procurement of a Bill of Divorce
required, althouch the Romtfh Clergy offered thair Service willingly to the
Bufines, namely, Bifchop Hamiltoun, and fb he came grit agane at Court ;
and he, for the Advancement of the Bufines, did gude Offices to encreafe the
Hatred betwix the Ring and Quene ; yea, fbme that had been the cheif In-
ftruments of the Marriage of the Ring and Quene, offered their Service fbr
the Divorce, feeing how the Quenis Inclinatioun lay. So unhappy ar Princes,
that Men, for thair awn Ends, further thame in all thair Inclinatiouns and
ilodertakings, be they never fo bad or deftruftive to thai^efelfis.
The
L t B. V. of. Keiigioun in Scotland. 405
The Erie of Lenox itt the mean Tyme wrote to the Quene, to cau(e to pu-
hifchc Boih-xill^ with his urhcr Complices, for murthering ot the King. The
Quene, not daring openly to rcjcft the Eric ofLe'/wxhisSoliciratioun,ciid appoint
a Day for the Tryall ot Boil-ueil hy an AITize; the Mtmbet-s quhareof, wa«
the Erie of Cathies Prcfidcnr, the Ef\c of Cj (Jells ^ (quhoat the firft refufcd,
bor ihairefter being threatned to be put in Prifoun, and under the Pnin of
Trealbun, was prefcnt by the Quenis Command^ Johne Haumilteun Commen-
dator of Aherhnlhick^ Lord Kojfe, Lord Semple^ Lord BoyJ^ Lord Her eis^Lotd
Olypkwt, the Maifter of Forbes, the Laii-ds of Lochtnvar, Laiigtoun, Cawbujle-
ttaniy Banihii^cll and Bojne. They, to pleife the Quene, and for Fear, did
pronounce Botlrxcll not guilty, notwithftanding the manifefi Evidences of
the crucll Faft committed by Boihiell, quho, bcfoir the TryalJ, did make
hirnfeU firong by divers Means, namely, by the PoITcirioun of the Caflell of
Eciinhurgh ; fo that the. Accufers durft not appeir^ not being ftrong enouch.
The Erie of Marre did retire to St'rlhtgy and had committed to his Charge
the young Prince. And this was dohe in February.
In yipryle, Bothwell called togidder fund^y of the Lords, quho had come to
Edinburgh, to a Meeting that was thare ; and having gained fome befoir, maid
thame all, quhat by Fear, quhat by fair Proinifes, firft of thair private State,
and then of advancing the Papifts Religioun, to confent by thair Subfcrip-
tiouns to the Marriage with the Quene. Then the Quene goes to Stirling to
fee her Son. Botlrxell makes a Schew, as if he wer going to the Borders to
fuppresthe Robers, and lb he raifeth fbme Men of War ; which when he had
done, he turneth towards the Way to Stirling, quhare he meets the Quene,
according to Apoyntmpnt betwix thame, and carrieth hir to Dumbar, as it had
been by Force, althouch every one knew it was with the Quenis Lyking.
The prime Nobility converied at Stirling, and from thence fent to hirj to know
whether or not (che was taken againf\ hir Will. Sche anfwered, That it ixas
trew fche was taken agclinft bir JVill ; hoi fime hir taking, jche had no Occafioud
to complain ; yea^ the courteous EHtertdinttient fche had, maid hir forget and for~
give all former Offences. Thefe Expefliouns wer ufed by Way df Preface to
the Pardoun, quhilk was granted immediately thairefter to Both-well ; for
by Letters patent he was pardoned by the Quene, for laying violent Hands
upjun hir Majefly, and for all uther Crimes : So by this, &c. the Murther
of the King was pardoned. During the Quenis Abode in Dumbar, thare was
Letters of Divorce demanded and granted unto Both-well from his Lady ( quho
efterward was married to the Erie of Sutherland) fche was Sifter to the Erie
of Huntley. The Ground of the Divorce was, The Parties being within the
Degrees prohibited, could not be lawfully joyned. Nixt, becaofe Boihwell
was an Adulterer, the Marriage was void. The Bill of Divorce was granted
by the Papifticall Court of the Archbiichop of Sanci Androis, And here mark
how they juggle in (acred Things ; forquhen it pleifeth them, they untie the
Bond of Marriage, as now, and as we have feen in the firft Buik of this
Hiftory. Quhen the Quene fell in Diflafte of the late King hir Hulband, it
was propofed unto hir, to have Divorce upoun the fame Ground from the
King: To which, firft Ear was given, bot efter fecond Thochts, a Bill of
Divorce was too tedious (as we have now faid ) and could Kot be flayed for
tharefoir the King muft be difpatched.
The Quene, quhen Bothjuell had obteined by the Archbifchop a Leter of
Divorce from his lawful! Wyfe, fent a Letter figncd with hir awn Hand, ta
I^ k k k k Maifti^-
4-06 The Hijhrie of the Reformatioun Lib. V.
Maifter Jolme Craig Minifter of Edinburgh, commanding him to publifche the
Band of Matrimony betwix hir and Boibweil, Mr. Jol'ue Craig, the nixt
Sermon Day thairefter, declared in full Congregatioun, that he had receaved
fick a Command,bot in Confcience he could not obey it : The Marriage was aU
together unlawful! ; and of that he would declare the Reflbuns to the Parlies,
if he had Audience of thame, utherwife he would make knawn his juft Rcf^
founs in the Hearing of the Feple. Immediatly thairefter Boihixell fends for
Maifter Craig to the Counfaill: Quhare Maifter Craig, told, firft, Thar, by an'
Aft of the AfTembly, it was forbidden to allow the Marriage ony divorced
for Adultery : The Divorce of Both-well, from his lawful! Wyfe, was by Col-
lufioun. Witnefs the quick Difpatch thar'eof j for it was foucht and had with-
in ten Days, and his contrafting with the Quene inftantly thairefter ; then his
Rape of the Quene, and the Guilt of the King's Death, quhilk was confirmed
by this Marriage: With all, he defired the Lords to flop the Quene from
that infamous Marriage. Tht Sunday efter, he told publickly to the Feple,
quhat he had faid to the Counfaill, and he took Heaven and Earth to witnes.
That hedetefled that fcandalous and infamous Marriage ; and that he difcharg-
ed his Confcience unto the Lords, quhp feemed unto him, as fb many Slaves,
quhat by Flattery, quhat by Silence, to give Way to that Abhominatioun,
Upoun this he was called to the Counfaill agane, and was reproved, as if
he had exceeded the Bounds of his Calling. Whereunto he anfwered. That
the Bounds of his Commiffioun was the Word of God, richt Rtffoun, and
gude Laws, againft quhilk he had laid nothing ; and by all thefe offered to
prove this Marriage to be fcandalous and infamous. At this he was flop-
ped by Bothwell, and fent from the Counfaill. Notwithflanding all this done
and faid by Maifbr ^/-fl/g, ' and the Oppofitioun of mony that wifched Weill
to the Quene, and wer jealous of hir Honour,^ the Marriage went on, and
they wer married;'' the ijth of May'. This makes gude the Latine Proverb,
Mala mbmt menfe Maio : And a Bifcliop muft blefs the Marriage ; the gude
Prelate was Bifchopof Orkney. Ifthare be a gude Work to bedone,a Bifchop
mufl do it. Here mark the Difference Jb^twix this worthy Minifter Maifler
Crarg, and this bafe Bifchop. ., ; ' •■"?
•i'The Erie Jtbole, immediately efter the Murther of the King, had retired
Home, waiting for the Occafioun to revenge, the King's Death. Bot feeing
this aWiominable Marriage, he went to Stirling, quhare uther honefl Lords
■with him had a Meeting, and maid a Bond, to defend the young Prjne©
from the Murderers of his Father ; as already they had had one Plot to cut
him off, quhilk God in his Mercy did prevent. The Nobles that entred in
this Bond, wer the Eries of /irgyle, Athole, Mortoun, Mafr, arid Glojcairmy
the Lords Lindefay and Boyd. Argyll thairefter, feduced by fome fair Words,'
fell off; and Boyd became a grit Faftionary for Bothwell in all Things.
The Quene, fbon efter the Marriage, was advifed to fend Abroad an Am-
baffadour to acquaint hir forraign Freinds and Kindred ; and this muft be a
Bifchop. It is fity that ony gude Wark fchould be done without a Bifchop.'
Was not this a worthy Employment f()r a Faftour in God's'Church? ! '
Bothwell feeing the Bond maid at Stirlwg, caufeth the Quene to ivryte to'
fundry of the Nobility. Divers repaired unto hir, quhare they found a Bon3
tendered unto thame, by quhilk they wer to bind thamelelfis to defend the
Quene and Bothwell. Some that wer corrupt did willingly fubfcribe ; uthers
for Fear did the fame. And thar^ i^^S; pqt pne th*t iwent to Court that did
refufc
;4
(_ I ■ ■ — - —
Lib. V. of Rehgwim m Scotland. 407
r'efufe, but the Erie of Murray, quho refufing abfcturely to enter into a Ecrd
with Boil-xeily laid, // was not the Fart of a ^ude Siihjefl ; yit fince l:e had hen
maid Freinds with him fometyme befoir, hewaldketp bis Froitufc iittto the ^uciw :
And to inter into a Bond vjith the ^ene, it '■juas neeales and unfit ^ (wee hetSLUis to
obey hir in all Li'jtifuU and juft Thingi. Upoun this he gat Leave, althouch with
grit Difficulty, to go into France.
The Quene receavcs now haniilloua Archbifchop of Sanft Androis into Fa-
vour Tince thefc Changes, quho was no le(s a faythtull Counlailour to hir,
than he was a gude Paitor of Chrilt's Flock; that is, he bttrayed hir, and
diibbcyed God. With this a Proclamatioun comes out in Favours of the pure
Proteltants ; quhareby the Quene declaire?, Tiiat fche will keep and conhrm
all that (che had promeiled at hir Arryvell \mo Scotland. This was done to
rtop" the Peples Mouthcs ; bot all in vain, for the Peple wer univerfally againrt
the Abhommatioun of the Court.
Within few Days, Boihuveil and the Quene, were raifing Men, under Pre-
text t:) go to the Borders to reprefle the Robbers there ; bot in efitct, to go
to Stirling, to have the Prince in thair Curtody, that they micht dilpofe df
him according to thair Minde. Then a new Proclamatioun came out, Thaf
the Quene hereafter would rule only by the Advice of the Nobles of th^
Land, as her bert Predecellbrs had done. The Lords at Siir/i/tg hearing oF
this Plot, lirives to prevent it, and to this Purpois they appointed with the
Lord Hume to befiege the Cartle of Borth.vick, quhere the Quene artd
Botbuiell was : Bot becaus the Erie of/ithole did I'lot come at the Hour ap-
pointed, they #ad not Men enough to environ and ccmpaflx; the Cnftle ; fo
that Bothwell having Notice given him of the BufinelFe, efcaped to Dtmibar,
and the Quene efter him in Man's Clothes. The L6rd5 failing of thair D^-
fign at Bartbwick Caltle, Went to Edinburgh, quheieof they made thamefelfis
Maimers ^afijy, having the AtFecliouns of the Peple, notwithlianding the Erie
o( Hunt ley, and the Archbifchop of Saint Androis Perfwafioun to the contrary;
Thefe two, with thair AiTociates, wer conftrained to retire to the Caftlel
quhere they wer received by Sir James Balfour, left there by Bothwell.
Tlie i2thof7««c', which was the next Day following, the Lords at Edin-
htrgh caufed to publifh a Proclamatioun, quhereby they declared, That rh«
Erie BothwtH, quho had bene the principall Author, Devifer, and Aftor of
the cruell Murther of the late Ring, had fince laid Hand upon theQuenes Pcr-
(bn, and had her for the prelent in Dumhar in his Power; and finding her
utterly deftitute of all good Couniaill, had feduced her to a dilhoncft and
unlawfuli Marriage with himfelf ; yea, that now he was gatl>ering Forces,
?nd ftirring himfelf to get the young Prince in his Hands, that he micht mur-
der the Child, as he had murdered the Father. This wicked Man the
Nobles of the Land refblved to withftand, and deliver the Quene our of hrs
Bondage ; quharefore they did charge all Lieges within the Kingdom that
could come to them, to be in Readinefl'e at three Hours Warning to afTifi
thame, the Nobles, for the freeing of the Quene fi cm Captivit)', and bring-
ing the faid Erie Bothvoell to a legall Tiiall, and condigne Punifchmenf for
the aforel'aid Murder and other Crimes. All fuch that would rot fyde with
the Lords wer by this Pmclamation comandit to depart from Edinburgh with-
in four Hours, under the Pain of being accounted Enemies, £?•.
Notwithftanding this Proclamatioun, the Peple did not joyn unto theft
Xoids as was expected, for fundry of the Nobles wer Adverfaries to the Eu-
R. k k k k a fineffe,
4.08 The Ht/ione of the Reformat ioun L i b. V.
finefle other flood as Neuters ; and withallj thofe that wer convened toge-
ther wer not well provided of Armes and Munitioun for Exploits of "Warre ;
(b that they wer even thinking to diflblve and leave off thair Enterprize till
another Time, and had abfolutely done Co ; hot God had ordained other
waves, as the Event did fhew (if the Quene and Botlmell could have had
Patience to ftay at Dimhar for three or four Days without any ftirrej hoc
the Quene and Bothooell having gathered together about four or five thou 'and
Men trufting in thair Force f the Quene being puft up by Flatterers) fet
forth and marched towards Lehb. Being come forward as farr as Gla'tdf.
mure fche caufit publike Proclamatioun againft the aforefaid Lords, calling
thame a Number of Confpirators, and that fche now difcerned thair inward
Malice againft her and her Hufband, the Duke of Orkney (for fo now they
called Bothwell:) After they had endeavoured to apprehend her and her Hus-
band at Brothwtcky and had made a feditious Proclamatioun, under Pretence of
(eeking the Revenge of the Ring her late Hufband ; and to free her from
Captivity, giving out, that the Duke her Hufband had a mind to invaid the
Prince her Sonne ; all which was falfe, for the Duke her Hufband had ufed
all Means to clear himfelf, both by a legall Way, and by the Offer of a Corn-
bate to any that did accufe him, as they knew well yneuch. As "touching
hir Captivity, fche was in none, bot was in Company with her Hufband) un-
to quhom fche was publikely married in the View of the "Warld, and mony
of the Nobles had given thair Confent unto this her Mariage. As for the
Prince her Sonne, it was bot a fpecious Pretence to the Treafbn and Rebellu
oun againft hir thair natural] Soveraign, and her Pofterity, ^fhich they in-
tended to overthrow ; quherefore fche declared herfelf necefTitated to take!
Arms hoping that all her faithfull Subjefts would adhere unto her, and that
thofe quho wer already aflembled with her, would with good Hearts and
Hands ftand to her Defence ; and for the Recompence of thair Valour thay
fould have the Lands and Goods of thefe unnaturall Rebells. Efter this Pro-
clamatioun the Army went on, and the Quene that Nicht came to SeatoH^
quhere fche lay.
About Midnicht the Lords of Ed'mlurgh wer advertifed of the Quenes Ap-
proach, prefently they took Arms,- and at the Sun-rifing they wer at MuJJeU
lurgh^ quhere they refrefched thamefelfis with Meat and Reft. The Qufenes
Camp was not yet ftirring. About Mid-day the Scouts that the Lords had
fent out, brocht Word that the Enemy was marching towards thame ; pre-
fently they put thamefelfis in two Battalias, the firft was conducted by the
Erie Mortoufi, and the Lord Huwe ; the fecond by the Erles Jthole^ QeHcarne,
the Lords Ltadefay, Ruthven, Sempk and Saucharmdr^ with the Lairds Drum'
latirick, TuUibardin, Cesford^ and Grange^ with, divers uthers, thair Number
was almoft as grit as the Quenes, thair Men better, being many of thame
expert Men, that I fay nothing of the Caufe. The Quene had gained a Hill^
called Carbarry, which the Lords ("by Reafbn of the SteepnefTe of the Afcent)
could not well come at ; quherefore they wheeled about to get a more con.
venient Place to go to the Hill, quhei'e the Enemy was, and to have the
Sunne behind thame in the Time of the Fight. At the firft the Quene fee-
ing their thus going about, did imagine thay wer fleeing away to Dalketh,
bot quhen fche faw thame come direftly towards her, fche found herfelf de-
ceived.
The
«
Lib. V. of i?t'//^/6v.';/ />; Scotland. 409
ThcT/tw/' Ambafladour feeing thame ready to fight, ftiived to take up
the Bufmellc, anjl having fpokcn with the Qucnc, went to the Lords, telling
thame, that the Quene was ditpofed ft) Peace, and ro forgive and pardon this
Inlurrcctioun ; quheieh-Te it was very fit to fpare Blood, to agree in a peace-
able Way. The Erie of Morion (in the Name of all the rtlt) ahfutrtd,
That tney had taken up Armes, not againrt the C^iene, hot againll the niur-
therer of the King; quhom if (che would deliver to be punifchcd, or at Icnft
put from her Company, Iche fould find a Continuatioun of dutifull Obcdiehce
by thame, and all other good Subjects ; otherwile no Peace : Rcfidc^ wa
ar not to afk Pardoun for any Olience done by us. The Ambafliidour lecing
thair Relolutioun to Ihnd ro the Right of thair Caufc, witlxircw, and W(.nt
to E.iiid'iir'1.'.
While ihe French Ambafladour was thus labouring for Accommodatioun,
BorL-uell came out of the Camp f which was in the Trench that the EngUfcb-
meu \\2id left at thair lall being in thefe Placts, as wc have laid in the '
former Book ) well mounted, with a Defie to any that would fight with
him. J'.nnes Murrq^, Brother to the Laird of Tidlih.vdiu^ quho bt fore had
accepted of BotlrjueiS Challenge, quhen he maid the Rodomontade at Ed'tn-
hnrgJ.\ immediately eftcr. the Ring's Death ; bof then Jar,v:5 Murijy did not
mak known his Name. Bot!yxeU VGi'nkd to fight Wnh James Murray, alledg-
ing he was not his Equall. Upoun this the elder Brother JViU'unn Murray^
Laird ofTu/l'hrdin^ anlwered. That he would fight with him, as being his
Better in Ertite, and in Anriquity of Houfe many Degrees above him ; yet
Boll-well rt:Cu(hd him, (aying, That he was not a Peer of the Ringdome, as
he was ; (hen fundry Lords would have gone to fight with Bo'Jyjjc:! , bot the
Lord L'nidfiiy namely, quho faid to the rel^ of the Lord? and Gcntillmen, Thac
he would talc it as a fingular Favour of thame, and a'^ a Recompencc of his
Service done to the State, if they would fut^er him to fight with the Eragga.
d'H-i'\ Bothwell feaing that thare was no more Subterfuge nor Excuie, under-
hand maid the Quene to firbid him. Efter this Challenge and Anlwers,
Bnil.Kvell^ Complices and Followers wer very emeft to fight, bot others that
had come only for theQuene's fnke,, became little cold, faying. That Botlrxtll
would do well to fight himf.lf, and fpare the Blood of divers Gentillmen that:
wer there. Some counfelled to delay the Battell till the Hamiltoiis came,
quhom they did expeft. All this the Quene heard with Anger ; and riding
up and down, burft out in Tears, and laid. They wer all Cowards and Tray-
tors that would not. fight. Immediately efter, thus vapouring, the Quene
perceaving fundry to leave her, fche advifed Bcnlrxcll to look, unto himfelf^
for fche laid to him, Sche would render herfelf unto the Nobillmenc Upoun
this fche fent f.^r James KirkaUie o( Grange, with quhom ^he kept Difcourfe
for a while, till that fche was afllired that Botbix-ell was out of Danger. Then
fche went to the Lords, quhom fche did entertain with many f:,ir Words,
telling thame. That it was neither Fear, nor want of Hope of ^'ictory, that
maid her come unto thame, bot a mere Defire to fpare Ichedding of inno-
cent Blood : Withall fche promifed to be ruled and advifed by thame.
With this Iche was received with all refpert. Bot fhortly efter, declaring
that Iche would go to the Hamiltons^ with Promife to return, they reftraincd
her Liberty, and brccht her along with thame to Edinhngh at Nicht : Sche
was very flow in marching, looking to be re'cued by the Hamiltons ; bot in
vain : Sche lay that Nicht in the Provoft's Houfe, The next Day, the
L 1 1 1 1 Lord*
41 o The Hijlorie of the Kcformatioun Lib. V.
Lords Cent the Quene to the Caftle that is within an Ifle of Lochlev'm. Sir
James Balfour feeing the Quene comitted, and Both-well confequently defeated,
he capitulated with the Lords for the Dehvery of the CalHe. Boilmell find-
ing himfelf thus in Diforder, fent a Servant to Sir James Balfour, to fave a
little Silver Cabinet, which the Quene had given him. Sir James Balfour de-
livers the Cabinet to the Mefien er, and under-hand giveth Advice of it to
the Lords. In this Cabinet had Bothwell kept the Letters of Privacy he had
from the Quene: Thus he kept her Letters to be an Aw bend U(Oun her,
in ca(e her Affeftioun fbuld change. By the taking of this Cabinet, many
Particulars betwix the Quene and Both-well wer clearly dilcovered. Thefe
Letters wer after printed : They wer in Frenche ; with (bme Sonnets of hir
own makmg.
Few D.iys after the Committment of the Quene, the Erie of Gkncarue
with his Domefticks, went to the Chappell of Halyriidehoiis, quhere he brake
down the Altars and the Images: Which Fa6i:, as it did content the Zealous
Proteliants, fo it did hichly ofTend the popiQily aflcvfted. The Nobles, quho
had Co proceeded againfl Bothwell, and dealt Co with the Quene, hearing
that the Hamiltons had a grit Number of Men, and had drawn the Eries of
A' ■'•yle and Hiuitley to their Side, fent to Hamilton, defiring thofe that wer
thare to iovn with thame, for the RedrefTe of the Diforders of Church and
State : Bot the Hamiltons thinking now they had a fair Occafioun fallen un-
to chame to have all agane in their Hands, and to difpofe of all according
to their own Mind, did refufe Audience to the Meflage fent by the Lords.
Upon this, the Lords moved the General! Aflembly then met in hdhihitrgh^
in the Moneth of June, to write to the Lords that either wer actually declar-
ed for the Hamiltons, or wer Neuters: And Co feverall Letters wer direfted
to the Eries of Argyle, Huntley, Cathnes, Rolhefe, Crawford, and Menteth j to
the Lords Boyd, Drummond, Grame, Cat he art. Teller, Fleming, Levinjtoun, Sea-
ton Glammis, Uchiltrie, Gray, Olyphant, Methven, Innermeth and Somervile j as
alfo to divers uther Men of Note. Befydes the Lerters of the AlTembly, Com*
miffiouners wer fen: from the AiTembly to the Lords above named ; to wit,
Johne Knox, Johne Do-wglas, Johne Row, and Johne O aig, quho had Inftru6ti-
ouns conform to the Tenor of the Letters, to defire tiiefe Lords and others,
to come to Edinburgh, and joyn with the Lords there, for the fettling of
God's true Worfchip in the Church, and Policy reformed according to God's
Word, a Manteinance for the Minifters, and Support for the Poor : Bot
neyther the Commiffionars nor the Letters did prevail with thefe Men j they
excufed, that they could not repair to Edinburgh with Freedom, quhere there
was fo many armed Men, and a Garifon fo Itrong : Bot for the Church-
affairs, they would not be anywayes wanting, to do what lay in thame.
The Lords at Edinburgh feeing this, joyneth abfolutely with the Aflembly
(which had bene prorogated to the 20. of July, upoun the Occafioun of
thefe Letters and Commiffioners aforefaid) and promifeth to make gude all
the Artickles they thought fit to refblve upoun in the AlTembly : Bot how
they performed their Promifes, God knows always. The Artickles they a-
gresd upoun wer thefe.
1. ^hat
I B. V. _ oj Rcligiotm in Scotland. ^n
I. "THut the A^s of Parlidment hoUen at Edinbur2,h, the l^th of Auguft
"■ J J 60. t'xitchiiig Religioitti^ and abolifcbiiig the Fa 1 pis Authoiity^foiiU have
the Force of a public Law ; and confequently this Pailiametit defended as «
lavifull Parliament J and confirmed by the fit ft Parliament that Joiild be kept
nixt.
II. That the Thirds of the lythes, or ony moir reffoiinable Proportioiin of Be^
nefices, foiild be allowed towards the Maintenance of the Minijliy ; and that thare
fouid be *a charitable Courfe taken concerning the Exa^ing of the Tythes of the pure
Labourers.
III. That none fouJd be receaved in the Univerfitigs, Colledge<^ or Schools, for
In/ir^Jlioiin of the Touthy bot efter dew Tryally both of Capacity and Pio-
bity.
IV. That all Crymes and Offences againjl God^ fould be pmifched according to
God's IVordj and that thare fouU be a Law maid thareaiienty at the firii Pailia-
ment to be holden.
V. As for the horrible Murder of the late Kingy Hufband to the ^lene, -which
•was fo haynoiisbefotr Goi and Man, all trew Profeffours^ in whatfoever Rank or
Gondii lowiy did promrfe to ftrivey that all Per [ones foJd bi\hroiicht to condign Panifch-
ment, qnho ar found guilty of the fame Cryme.
VI. They ail promeijed to proteii the young Prince againft all Fio/ence, lefi he ■
fouU be nv.rtkeredy as his Father was y and that the Prtncefnuldbecomm-tted to
the Cue of four wile andgoaly Men, that by a gnde Educatiouny he micht be fit-
ted ;0r tl.at hi ch Calling he was to execute one Day.
VII. /'!'? Noblesy Barones, and uthers, doth promife to beat down and abo-
lilche Poperyy IdoLitry and Super.'iitioun, with ony 1 bi'!g that may contribute unio it.
As alfo to fet upy and further the trew fVof-fchip oj God., bis Government the
Churchy 'and all that may concerne the Purity of Religioun and L\fe ; and for
this to convene and take Arms, if Need require.
VI II. That all Princes and Kings hair efter in this Realme, befoir tbai'r Co-
ronatiomiy fall take Oath to maintain the trew Religioun now projeffed in the Kirk
of Scotland, and fupprejfe all Things contrary to it, and that ar not agreeing
with it.
To thefe Articles fubfclbed the Erles of Mortoun, Clencairne, and Marrf
the Lords /i:7Wf, Rithven, Sanchar, Lindefiy, Grabamey Inermeth and I 'chiltriey
with mony uther Barones, befides the Commiflioners of the Burroughs.
This being agreed upoun, the Aflembly diflblved. Thairelttr the Lords
Lindefay and Ruthven wer fent to Lochlevin to the Quene, to prefent unro hir '
two Wrytes ; the one contained a Renounciatioun of the Crown and Royall
Dignity, in Favours of the Prince hir Son; with a CommifTioun to invert
him into the Kingdome, according to the Manner accuftomrd : "Which,
- efter fome Relu6tancy with Tears, fche fubfcribed, by the Advice of the
Erie of AthoUy quho had fent to hir, and of Secretary Lethingtoun., quho had
Cent to hir Robert Melvtll for that Purpofe: So thnre was a Procuratioun given
to the Lords Undefay and Ruthveny by the Quene, to give up and refign the
Rule ot the Realme, in Prefence of the States.
The fecond Wryte was, to ordain the Erie of Murray Regent, during the
Prince's Minority, if he Would accept the Charge : And in cafe he retufed, jhe
L 1 111 3 Duke
412
The Hijlorie of the Reformatwun L i b. V.
Duke Chattellaranlt, the Eries of Lenox, Jrgyle, Atkok, Mortoiiyiy Qei2cain:e
and Man fould govern conjoyntly.
Thefe Wrytes vv'er publifched the 29th of July i$6j. at the Merkat-Crofs
(5f Edinhmgh ; then at SthTwg was the Prince crowned King, quhare 'Johne
ifwjc'iiiaid Jthe Sermon. The Erie Mortoiin, and the Lord Hume, took the
Oath for the Ring, that he fould conftantly lyvc in the Profeffioun of the trew
Religioun, and maintain it; and that he fould govern the Kingdom according
to the Law thareof, and do Juftice equally to all.
In the Beginning of yf<;gz//, the Erie M/z/rrt;- being fent for, Cometh Home.
In all Hafte he vifitts the Quene at Locbkum, ftrives to draw the Lords that
had taken Part with the HamUtoum, or wer Neuters, to joyn with thofe that
had bound thamefelfis to ftand for the Ring's Authority : He was very earneft
■with divers, by Reffoun of their old Friendfchip, but to little Purpofe. The
Gcthof y^«g«/?, hereceaved the Regency, efter mature and ripe Deliberatioun,
at the Defire ot the Quene, and Lords that wer for the King, and fo was pu-
bli6lly proclaimed Regent, and Obedience fchewed unto hnn, by all that flood
for the young Ring.
The End of the Hiftory of the Church of
Scotland, till the Yeir 15^7. and Month of
Augufl.
413
The Copie of
A L E T T R E
Deliuered
To the Ladie Marie, Regent
O F
SCOTLAND,
FROM
JOHN JK:NqX Minifter ofGoddes Worde, in the
Yeare of our Lord 1556, and nowc augmented, and cx-
planed by the Author, in the Yearc ot our Lord 1558.
To the excellent Ladie Marie Dowagier Regent of Scotland.
H E caufe mouing me, right honorable, to prerent this my li;pplica-
' tion vnto your grace, enlarged and in fome places exptaned
' (which being in the realme of ScotUvd'm the mone b of Maia
' I 556.1 caufed tobe prefented to your grace) is the incredible rage
' of fiich as beare the title of Bifhoppes, who againft all iuftice and
' equitie, have pronounced againft me a moft cruell fentence,
• condemning my bodie to fire, my foule to damnation, and all doctrine taught
• by me to be falfe, deceauable,and hereticall. If this iniury did lende loxne aJone,
M m m 01 m haiuing
414 ^^ ^^^^ Regent of Scotland.
* Iiauing the teftiinonie of agoodconfcience, withfilence I could pafle the raater,
' being aflured, that liich as they curfe and expell their fynagoges for fuch caufes,
* fhall God blefTe, and Chrift lefus receiue, in his eternall focietie. But conlider-
' ing that this their blafphemi . is vomited furth againft the eternall truthe of Chriftes
' Euangile, ( wherof it hath pleafed the greate mercie of God to make me a mini-
' Iter ^ I can not ceafe to notifie, afwell to your grace, as unto them, that fo litle I
* am aftVayed oi their tyrannicall and furmifed fentence,that in place of the plflure
' ( if God impede not my purpofe) they (hall haue the bodie to juftifie that
' dodlrine, which they ( members of Satan ) blafphemouflie do condemne. Adver-
* tifing your grace in ihe mean time, that from them, their fentence, and tyrannic,
* and from all that lift mainteine them in the fame, I do appeale toalauliill and
* generall Counfell ; befechinge your grace to take in good part, that 1 call you for
' witnefle, that I have required the libertie of the tonge, and my caufe to be hard
* before your grace, and the bodie of that Realme, before that any fuch procefle
* was laid againfl me. As this my lettre directed to your grace doth teftifie.'!
Ihe Begimtifig of the Lettre.
^ HE eternal] providence of the fame God, who hath appointed hischo-
^ <T*F^ ' fen children, to fight in this tranfitorie and wretched life a battell
1^ 1 -^^i ' ttrong and difficile, hath alfo appointed their final vidorie by a mer-
^W'^f^il ' uelous fafhion, and the maner of their preieruation in their battell
' more meruelous. Their viftorie flandeth not in reiiiiing, but in fuf-
* ferin^, as our fouereme maifter pronounceth to his difciples; that in their pa-
« cintce fhuld they pofejfe their foiiles. And the fame forfawe the prophete Ifoie^ when
* that he painteth fui th all other battell to be with violence, tumult, and blood ihad-
' ding, but the victorie of Goddes people to be in quietnes, filence and hope : Mtan-
« ing that all others that obtein viftorie, do inforce them felves to refift their ad-
t uerfaries, to (bed biooa, and to murther. But fo do not the e]e£l of God, but all
t thinges they fultein at the commandement of him, who hath appointed them to
« fuffer, being moft afluredlie petfuaded, that then only they triumphe, when all
' men iudge them opprfcffed. For in the crofle of Chrift alwaies is included a fe-
* Crete and hid viftorie, ueuer well knowen till the fufferer appeare all togither to
* be ( as it were) exterminate. For then onlie did the blood of Jbell cry to God,
* when proude Cain iudged all memorie of his brother to haue bene eitinguiflied.
* And fo i fay their vidorie is meruelous. And howe that they can be preferued,
* and not broght to vtter confulion, the eye of man preceiueth not. But he, whofe
* power is infinite, by fecret and hid motions toucheth the hartes of fuch, as to
* mannts iudgement haue power to deftroye them, of verie pitie to and compaflion
* to faue his people. As that he did the hartes of the Egyptian midwifes, to pre-
* ferue the men children of the Ifraelites, when prefept was giuen by Pharao of
* their deftrudion. The hart of Pharao's daughter lykewife to pitie Mojes in his
* yong infancie, cspofcd to the Jangci of the watets. Tlie hail uf liebuchadnezer
* to preferue the captiues aliue, and liberallie tonorifti the children that were found
* apt to lettres. And finally the hart oiCyrus^ to.fet at libertie the people of God,
* after long bondage and thraldome. And thus doth the inuifible power and loue
* of God, manifefte it felfe towardes his elefte frome time to tin^ej for two
* caufes efpecially. ??»■/, To comfrot his weake wariiours in their njanifold ten?
* tations, letting them vnderftand that he is able to compell fuch, as fometipiefi
* were enemies to his people, to fight in their caufe, and to promote their deliue-
' ranee. And fecondarillie^ To giue a teftimonie of his fauour to them, that by
* all appearance didliue before ( as St.PauIefyezketh) wanting God in the world, as
* firangers frome the common welth o/Ifrael, and without the leage of bis mercifull pro-
* mife and free grace made to his Church. Fot who could haue affirmed, that any of
* thefe perfonnes afore named, had bene of that nature and clemencie, before occa-
' fions were offred unto them. But the Workes of mercie Ihewed to the afHifted,
haue,
To the Rigcnt of Scotland. 4.15
* haiie left to us aflbrance, that God vfed them as vefTcIs of his honour. For pitie
' and nurcie Ihevved to Chriftes afHitted Hock, as they neuer lacked reward tem-
' porall, in if they be contmued, and be not changed into cnieltie, are a/rured
* fjgnes, and feales of eiicrlaliing inenie to be receiued from God, who by his
* Holie Spirit moucth their hartes, to Ihew niercie to the people of God oppiefTed
* and afflicted.:
ji D D J T I 0 N.
r'yHis Preface I vfed to giue your grace ocrafion more depelJe to confider what
X hath bene the condition of Chriftes membres from the beginning, that in fo
doing, ye might fe that it is no newe thing that the faintes of God be opprefTed in
the worlJ j that ye, moued by earneft contemplation of the fame, might alfo flu-
die rather to fjue them from murther (althcgh by the wicked counfelsof many ye
vere prouocked to the contrary ) then to be a fclaue to Satan, obeying his feruantes
your ciergie, whofe furie is bent againft God and his veritie. But this will alter
iollowe in our lettre, which thus procedeth.
L E T T R E,
YOur grace perchance doth wonder to what purpofe thefe thinges be recit-
' ed, and I in verie dedecannot wonder ynough, that occafion is offred to
* me ( a worme moft wretched } to recite the fame at this prefent. For I haue look-
' ed rather Jor the fentence of death, then to haue written fo your grace, in thefe
* la/? :ind moit wicked dales, in which Satan fo blindeth the hartes of many, that
' ixmocentes are damned, their caule neuer tryed.
AT> D ITT 10 N,
HEreof ye can not be ignorant. For befTdes thefe, whom ye heare from time
to time, moft cruelly to be murthered in Prawce, Italie^ Spayn^ Flanders^ and
now of late yeares befides you in £M^/aw</i ior no caufe, but that they profelife
Chrifl lefus to be the ottlie Sauiour of the woi Id, the o»lie Mediatow betwixt God and man
the onlie Sacrifice acceptable Jor the fytmes of allfaithfidl j and finallie. The anlie htad to
bischnrcbe. tefides thele, I fay, (of whome ye bearethe brute) ye haue bene wit-
nelTe, that feme, withiji the realme of Scotland, for the fame caufe, moft cruellie
haue bene raurthered, whofe caufe was neuer hard with indifferencie. But murthe-
reres, occupying the feat of iuftice, haue Ihed the blood of Chriftes true witnelfes
which albtit did then appeare to beconfumed away with fire, yet is it recent in the
prefence of hym, for whofe caufe they did fuffer, and ceafeth not to call for ven-
geance, with the blood of Jbell, to fall not onlie vpon fuch as were authors of that
murther, but alfo vj. on all thofe that maintein thofe tyrannes in their tyranny, or
that do confent to their beafthe crueltie. Take not this as the affirmation of any
man ; but heare and confider the voice of the Sonne of God. Fuifill ( faieth he)
the meajure of your fathers^ that all the blood which bath beve JJied, fiitce the blood of Ahell
tbeiuji, till the blood of Zichane, Sec. may come vpon this getteratiov. Herebie it is
euident, that the murtherers of our time, alwel as in the time of Chrift, are gyl-
tie of all blood that hath bene fhed from the begynnyrg. FearfuU I grant is the
fentence, yet is it mrft eqiiall and iufle. For who foeuer'fheddeth the blood of any
one of Chrift lefus his membres, for profffTmg of his truth, confenteth to all the
murther, which hath bene n;ade fince the begynnyng of the world, for that cauf^.
So that as there is onecoramunion of allGocdes ehft, of whcm euerie mtnbre is
participant of the hole mftic. of Chrift •, fo is fheie a conn unicn amrrge the re-
probat, by which euerie one of the ferpentes feed are criminal] and gyltie of all ini-
quitie, which the hole bcdie ccmmitteth ; for becaufe they are all togither (oriur-
ed againfl Chiifi Jtlus. ai d s^airft his eternal veiiric : tuerie ere feruing Satan,
the prince of this world, in thtir rank, age, degree, and eflat ; the murthereis of their
M m m m m 2 brethren.
/^i6 To the Regent of Scothnd.
brethren, \yhicbe this day liue, are gyltie with Cain of the blood of Abel. The
kinges and princes, whiche by power oppreffe the people of God, and will not fuf-
fer that the people trulie worihippe God, as he hath commanded ; but will retein
them in Egypt, are brethren and companyons to Pbarao. The prelates and prieftet,
whole horrible iniquities and infolent life, haue infefled all realmes where they
reigne, haue with their fathers, the old Pharijies^ taken away the key of knowledge^
and hauejimt vp the khigdome of heanen before men, fb that rietber they themjelues will
enter, wether yet will they fijfer others to enter in the fame. And the multitude blynd-
edjfomeby ignorance, fome by feare, and by infatiable appetite of thtir parte of the
fpoyle, (for Chrift being crucified, the fouldiours parted amongeft them hisgar-
inentes) areconiured todefende thofe murtherers, proudepeftilent prelates, againU
Chrift kfus, and againft his poore fiocke •, and rherefor becaufe of one crime they are
all gyltie(whichis of treafon and rebellion againft Chrilt ) of one torment theyfhall
all talt, which is, of the fier that neuer fhall be quenched. And herin oght you.
Madam, becircumfpeft and careful, if that ye haue any hope of the life to come.
For if the confente, which procedeth of ignorance and blyndnes, bringetb deftruftion
and deafh, (asChrift ourmaifter doth witneffe, faying-, If the hlynde lead the blyjtde^
they Jhail both fall in the ditch) What Ihall become of the proud and malitious con-
temners of Goddes veritie offreJ ? Bu. our doflrine parchance, Ihall be denyed to
Lethe veritie. Whereuntolanfwer, That fo was the dodlrinepfA'uaZ>, oi Mofes, of
tUe Prophets, of Chrift lefus, and of his Apoftles, and yet the original worlde pe-
riftied by .i^ater, Sodome and Gutnorra by fier, delcending from heauen, I'harao and
his adherentes in the Read Sea -, The citie of lerufalem, the hole narion of the lewei
by punilhmentesand plag'ies, notwithftandinge that the hole multitudcryed.T/jMM
Tiewe doBrine^ thu is Urtjie, and tendeth to fedition. Our petition is, that our dottnne
may be tryed by the playn word of God, that libertie be granted to vs, to vtter
and declare our myndes, at large in euerie article and poyni, which now are in con-
trouerfie, which if yedenie, geuing e^re to Chriftes ennemies (whocontemne his
doftrine for herelie) ye fhall drink the cup of Goddes vengeance with them. But
now to the former lettre.
z i:t r R s.
* T Doubte not, but the rumors which hauecommen to your graces eares of me
* \ haue bene fuch, that if all reportes were true, I were vnworthie to liue in the
* earth, and wonder it is that the voices of the multitude ihuld no fohaue inflamed
* your graces hart with iufte hatred of fuch a one as I am aceuftd to be, that all ac-
* cefle to pitie Ihuld haue bene Ihut up. 1 am traduced as an heretike, accufed as
' a falfe teacher and feducer of the people, befidcs other opprobries, which (afhrm-
* ed by men of worldiie honour and eflimation) may eafelie kyndle ihe wrath of
* mcgiftrates, where innocencie isnot knowen. Butbleffedbe God the father of
* onr Lord lefus Chrift, who by the dewe of his heauenlie grace, hath fo quenched
' the fier of difpleafure as yet in your graces hart (which of late dayes I haue vn-
* derftaude) that Satan is fruftrat of his interprife and purpole. Whiche is to my
* hart no fraall comfort. Not fomuch (God is witnefte} for any benefit that I can
' receiue in this miferable life by proteftion of any earthlie creature (for the cuppe
* which it behoueth me to drynke, is appinted by the wifdome of hym whofe
* counfels are not changeable,) as that I am for that benefit, which I am affured
* your grace fhall receue, if that ye continue in lyke moderation and clemencie
* towardes others, that moft vniuftlie are, and fliall be accufed, as that your grace
* hath began towardes me and my moft defperate caufe. That is, if that by
' godlie wifdome ye fhall ftudie to bridle the furie and rage of them, who for the
* maintenanceof their worldiie pompe, regarde nothingethe cruel murthering of
* fimple innocentes : then fhall he, who doth pronounce mercie to appertein to
' the mercifull, and promifeth that a cuppe of cold water geuen for his name's
' fake fhall not lacke reward, firft caufs your happie gouernement to pe praifed ia
' this prefent age, aqd in poflerities to come, and laft recoropenfe your godlie
! paynes
To the Regent of Scotland. 4.17
* paynesaiid ftudiewith that ioye and glorie, which the eye hath not feen nor
yet can entre iaio the hart of raortall creature.
ADDITION.
JF Chrifles words were efteemed true, that of euerie ydle word ao accotnpt (hall
1 j^^ jT l'"^ ^^^^ nothing is fo fecretlie done, which fhall not come to know-
ledge and light, I fuppofe that the tongues of men fliuld be better bridled then
impudently to fpeak theirplejfure in matters vnknowen. For albeit that the true
teare ot God Ihuld not moue them to fpeake truths, yet wold I thinke(if any fparke
of humanitie remained) that worldlie Ihame ihuld impede them to lie. W hen rta-
foning* was before your grace what man it was that preached in Aire, and diuers
men were in diuers opynion, fome affirming that it was an Er^lijhman, and feme
fuppofiiig the contrerie, A prelat not of the leafl pride, faide, Nay, no EnghHi-
*»<iw, but it is Knox that knaue. It was my Lordes pleafure fo to baptife a poore
man. The reafon whereof, if it fhulde be required, his rochet and miter muft
Itand for authorise. What farther libertie he vfed in defining thinges like vn-
certein to him, to witt, of my learning and doarine, at this prefent 1 omitt. La-
menting more that fuch peflilent tonges haue libertie to fpeake in the prefence of
Princes, than that 1 am forie for any hurt, that their vinom can do to me in bcdie
or fame. For what hath my life and conuerfation bene, lince it hath pleafed God
to call me frome the puddle of papiftrie, let my \erieer.neniies fpeak. And what
learning I haiie, they may proue when they pleafe. The report of ycur graces mo-
deration afweil at that time as after, when fute was made for my apprthenfion,
moued me to write this my other lettre. In which albeit I have not played the
orator, dilating and decking the mater for the pleafure of ynhirg and delicate
eares. yet doth my confcience beare me recorde, that with fimplicitie I haue ad-
uertifed you of a mortall danger. As this portion fubfequent Ihali proue.
I LETTRE,
\ S'^P*'^."?"^ ^"^^ foolifh it fhall appeare to many, that I a man of bafe eftat and
condition, dare enterprife to adiWonilh a Princes fo honourable, endued with
I wifdome and graces fingular. But when I confider the honour, which God ccm-
* mandeth tobegeuen to Magiftrates, which no doubt (if it be true honour) con-
' teineth initfeUe, in lauful thinges obedience, and in all thirges loue and re-
* uerence. When further I confider the trcublefome eflat of Chriltes true religion,
* this day opprefTed by blindnes of men, and laft, the greate multitude of flatte-
' rers, and the rare nombre of them that boldlie and plainlie dare fpeake the naked
* verif ie in prefence of their princes, and prir.cipallie in the caufe cf Chr:ft iefus
' Thefe thinges 1 lay, confidered, whatfotuer any man fliall iudge of my inter-
* prife, I am compelled to fay, that,
* Onles in your regiment and in vfing of power, your grace be found different
* from the multitude of princes, and head Rulers, that tins preeminence, wherein
' ye are placed, fhall be your deiedion to torment and payn tuerlafling. TJiis
' propofition is fore, but alas it is fo true, that if I fhnld concele and hide it frome
* ycur grace, I committed no lefle treafon againflyour grace, then if I did fe you
' by imprudencie take a cuppe, which I knew to be poyfonned or inuencmed, and
* yet wolde not admonilh you to abfteine from drinking of the fame.
' The religion which this day men defend by fier ard fwoid, is a cuppe inue-
' nomed, of which whofoeuer drinketh, (eicept that by tiue repentence he after
* drinke of the water of life) drinketh therwith damnation and death.
* How and by whom it hath bene inutnrmed, if it were no more tedious to your
* grace to read orheare, then it is painfull to me to write or lehearfe, I wold not
* fpa re the labour. But for this prefent, I haue thopht it feme difchaige of one
* parte of my cutie. if I, of verie loue, admonilh ycur giace of the darger.
* Which I do, as God one day Ihall declare, preferring ycur grace's faluatjcn,
N n n n n 'and
4.18 ^0 the Regent of Scotland.
' ~ ~" ■ -
* and the falutaion of the people Cnow committed to your diarge) to any corpofall
• benefit, that can redounde to my felie.
ji Diyi n 0 N.
As Satan by craft hath corrupted the moft holie ordinances of GoddvS preceptes,
I meane of the fir ft table, in the place of the fpirituall honoring of God, in-
troducing mennes dreams, inuentions, and fantafies ; So hath he, abufing the
weaknefs of man, coriupred this precept of the fecond TaWe, touching the honouc
which is due to parentes, vnder whom are comprehended princes and teachers.
For now the deuill hath fo blinded the fenfes of many, that they cannot, or at
leaft, will not learne what apperteineth to God and what to Cefar. But becaufe
the fpirite of God hath faid, Honour the kivg, therefore whatfoeuer they coror
mande, be it right or wrong, muft be obeyed. But heuie Ihall the iudgment be
which Ihall apprehend fuch blafphemours of Goddes maieftie, who dare be fo bold,
as to affirme, that God hath commanded ony creature to be obeyed againft hin>
felfe. Againft God it is, that for the commandement of any prince, be he ne-
uer fo potent, men (hall commit idolatrie, embrace a religion which God hath not
approued by his word, or confirme by their filence wicked and blafphemous lawes,
made againft the honour of his maieftie. Men, I fay, that fo do, geue no true obe-
dience, but as they are apoftates from God, fo are they traitors to their princet.
whom by flatterie they confirme in rebelling againft God. Onlie they which to the
death refill fuch wicked lawes and decrees, are acceptable to God, and faithful! to
their princes. As were the three children in the prefence of Nabuchadmxor^ and
Daniel in thedayes of Darius (the Perjian Emperor) whofe conftant and free confeP
fioH as it glorified God, fo did it notifie afwell to thofe tyrannes, as to all ages
following the greate blafphemie, which in their rage and furie they committed a-
gainft God, from the which (by all appearance) neither of both fo fodeinlie Ihuld
haue bene called, if the three children hade bowed amonge the reft, and Dattielhad
not declared the confeflion of his faith. Which was, with wyndoes open to praye
towardes lerufalem^ manifeftlie tberbie declaring, that he did not content to the
blafphemoufe lawe, and decree, which was eftablifhed by the king and his counfell.
Experience hath taught vs what furmifes and blafphemies the aduerfaries of Ghrift
lefiis, of his eternall veritie, do inuent and deuife againft fuch, as beginne to detefte
their impietie. They are acculed to be authors of fedition, raifersof tumults, vi-
olatours of common orders, &c. I anfwer with the prophet Jfaie .• That all is not
reputed before God fedition and coniuration, which the foolifh multitude fo
eftemeth, neither yet is euerie tumult and breatch of publike order contrarip to
Goddes commandement. For Chrift lefus himfelfe, cqmining to ryue the fpoile
from the ftrong armed, who before did kepe his houfe in quietnes, is not comraen
to fend peace but a fworde, and to make a man difaflent from his father, (S'c. Hi^
Prophetes before him, ahd Apoftles after him, feared not to breake publike or-
ders, eftablilhed againft God, and in fo doing, to moue, as it were, the one half
of peoples, nations, and cities againft the other. And y^t I truft that none, ex-
cept the biered feruant of Satan, will accufe Chrift of fedition, nor his Apoftle* of
the troub ing of common-welthes. True it is, that the moft holfome medicine,
moft troubleth for a time the bodie repleniihed with wicked and corrupted hu-
mours, butthecaufe herof isTcnowen to be, not in the medicine, but in the bodie
fubieft'to maladie; euen lb the true word of God, when it entreth to fight where
Satan hath borne dominion, (as he ftill doth in the hole ,papiftrie) cannot but ap-
peare to be occafion of greate trouble. But Madame, more profitable it is, that
the p ettilent humours be e:tpelled withe paine, then that they be noriflied to the de-
ftrudion of the bodie. The papifticall religion is a motrtal peftilence, which ftall
affuredlie bring to death eternally the bodies and foules, from 'the which, it is oiot
purged in this life. And therefore take hede betimes. God calleth vpop you, be-
ware thatyelhut no vp your eares. ludge not the mater after the vilitie df my
bodie, wiiomGod lath appointed embalTadour, and mfeflager vnto you, but witti
reuerence
To the Regent of Scotland. 41^
leuercnce and teareconfider himi whofe mefTage I beare. I conrw to you in t e
name ot the eternall God, audofChrift Icfus his fonne, to whom the father hath
committed all power, whom he hath eflabliihed fouerein ludge ouer all fitfh, be-
fore whof- throne ye muftmake accomptes, with what reuerence ye heare {ud^ as
he fendeib. It Ihali not eicufe you to fay or think, that ye doubt, wlicther I be
fcnt of God or no. I crie vnto you that the religion, which the princes and blind-
«d papilies mainteine with fier and fvvorde, is not the religion of Chritl. That
your proude prelates ar« none of Chriltes bilhoppes, I admonilh you that Chriftea
flocke is opprelfed by them, and therefoie I rcquier, and that yet againe in the name
of the Lord lefus, that with indifterencie 1 may be hard to preache, to reafon, and
to difpute in thai cauie, whiche if ye denie, ye declare your fclfe to beare DorcHe-
rence to Ctirifl, noi loue to his true religion.
LE T r R I^.
' W^^ ^^ thtnke paraduenture, that the care of religion is not committed to
* D Magiflrates, but to the bilhoppes and eftat ecclefiafticdll, as they ternie it.
< But deceiue oot your fdfe. For th. negligence of bilhoppes ftiall no \efre be ret
* le^uiredof ibehandes of Magiftretes, then Ijiall the opprpflion of faife iudgesu
* For they iniuftlie promote, fofter and mainteine the one and the other. Ihe falle
* »nd corrupt iudg; do fpoile the goodes, and opprefle the bodies of the fimple, but
* the proude prelates do kinges niaimein tomurther the foules, for the which th^
* blood of Chrift lefus was ftied. And that they do, either by wit.. holding from?
* thera the true word of life, or elles by caufing teache vnto them a peftilent
* dottrine, fuch as now is taught in the papifticall thurrfaes. I know that ye won-
* der how that thereligion, which is vniuerfklie receiued, can be fo damnable and
* corrupted. But if your grace fhall conlider that euer from the beginning, the roul-
' titude hath declined from God (yea, even in the people, to whom he Ip'akeby his
* Lawe and Prophetes) if ye Ihali confider the complaint of the HolieGhoft, com-
* plaining that nations, people, princes, and kinges of the«arth haue raged, made
^ Gonfpiracies, and holden counfels againft the Lord, and againfl his anointed
^ Chrilt lefcis .• Further, if ye fhall confider the queftion, which lefus himfelf doth
' moue in thefe wordes, when the Jon of man JliaU come, Jball he finde faitb in the eartbf,
^ And lalt, if your grace fhall gonlider the manifefl contempt of God and of all
* his holie preceptes, which this day reigne without punifhment vpon the face of
* the hole earth : Fox as Hojeas complaineth, there is no veritie, there is no mer-
* cie, there is no truthe this day among men, hut lies, periurie, and oppreflion
^ ouerflow all, and blood touchelh blood, that is, euerie iniquitie is ioyned to ai\-
< other. Yf depeJie, 1 fay, your grace fhall contemplate the vniueriall corrupti-
^ on, that thisdey reigneth in all efiates, then Ihall your grace ceafe to wonder,
? that many are caUsd and fewe cbofen. And }*e thai! beginne to tremble and feare,
* to foUowe the multitude to perdition- The vniuerfall defeflion, whenoiix.Paule
* did prophecie, iseafietobe efpied, afwell in religion as in maners. The cor-
f ruption of life is euident, and religion is not iudged, nor meafured by theplaine
* word of God, but by cuftome, confuetude, will, confent, and determinations
^ of men. But fhall he who hath pronounced all cogitations ofmanns hart to be
* va ine at all times, accept the counfeU and confents of men for a religion pleaf-
f ing and acceptable before him ? Let not your grace be deceiued. God cannot
^ lie, God cannot denie himfelfe. He hath witnelTed from the begynning, that no
i religion pleafethhim, except that, which he by his owne word hath commanded
* and eflablifhed. The veritie itfelfe pronounceth this fentence .- In vaine do they
•* worfhippe me, teaching dodrines the preceptes of men. And alfo all plantation,
f whiche my heauenlie father hath not planted, fhall be roted owt. Before the
* romming of his welbeloued fbnne in flefhe, feuerelie he punifhed all fuch, as
' durfl interprife to alter or chaunge his ceremonies and flaiutes, as in laule, yafws^
' Nadab Abiv^ is to be redd . And will he now, after that he hath opened his
{ counfell to the worlde by his onlie fonne, whom he commandeth to be heard,
N n n n n 2 • aa«i
420 To the Regent of Scotland.
• and after that by his Holie Spirit, fpeaking in his Apoftles, he hath eftablifhed
' the religion, in which he will his true worlhippers abide to the end; will he now,
• I fay, admitte inennes iniientions in the mater of religion which he reputed for
• damnable idolatrie ? Yf man and angels wold affirme that he will, or may do it,
• his own veritie ftiall conuicte them of a lie. For this fentence he pronounceihi
• Not that which femeth good in thy eyes, Ihalt thou do to the Lord thy God,
• but that which the Lord thy God hath commanded thee, that do thou .• Adde
• nothinge vnto it, dirainilhe nothing from it. Which, fealing vp his newe Tef-
« lament, he repeteth in thefe wordes ; That which ye haue, holde till I come, Cc.
• And therefore yet againe, it repenteth me not to fay, that in this point, whiche
• is chefe and principall, your grace muft diflaflent from the multitude of Rulers,
« 01 eiles ye can poflefle no portion with Chrift lefus in his kingdom andglorie.
J D B II 10 N.
-rrNow by what craft Satan laboreth continuallie to kepe the world -in blindnes,
JV I added thefe two former pointes, to witt, that ye Ihuld not thinke yout
ielte free from the reformation of religion, becaufe ye haue bilhoppes within yout
Realme, neither yet that ye Ihuld iudge, that religion moft perfedt, which the
multitude by wrong cuftome hath embraced. In thefe two pointes doth Satan
bufilie trauaile. Firft that no ciuil Magiftrat prefume to take cognition in the
caufe of religion : for that muft be deferred to the determinations of the church.
Secondarilie, that impollible it is, that that religion (huld be falfe, which fo long
time fo many counfels, and fo greate a multitude of men, fo diuers nations and
realmes haue allowed, authorifed and confirmed. What is the dutie of Magiftrates,
and what power the people hath in fuch cafes granted by God, my purpofe is to
write in a feuerall lettre to the nobilitie and eftates of the Realme $ and therfore to
avoyde tedioufnefs andrepitition of one thing, 1 now fuperfede. And as touching
the lecond, ifyerightlie confiderthe teftimonies of Scriptures, which I haue be-
fore adduced, I truft ye Ihall find that obiedtion fufficientlie anfwered. For if the
opinion of the multitude oght alwayes to be preferred, then did God iniurie to the
originall world. For they were all of one minde, to witt, coniured againft God
(except Noah and his familie) And if antiquitie of time fliall be confidered in fuch
cafes, then ftiall not onlie the idolatrie of Gentiles^ but alfo the falfe religion of
Jlfafeowet be preferred to the pa piftrie For both the one and the other, is more
auncient then is the papifticall religion ; yea, Mabomet had eftabliftied his Alcoran^
before any pope in Rome was crowned with a triple crowne. But as touching an-
tiquitie, I am content with Tertulliait to fay, Let that be the moft pure and perfeil
religion^ which jJ)all be proved moft auncient. For this is a chefe point, wherin 1 will
ieyne with all the papiftes in the earth .- that their religion (fuch as it is this day)
is not of fuch antiquitie, as is that, which we contend to be the true and onlie
religion acceptable before God, neither yet that their church is the Catholike-
church, but that it is of late dayes in refpeft of Chriftes inftitution, crept in and
deuifed by man, and iherfore am bold to affirme it odious and abominable. For
this is our chefe propofition that in the religion of God, onlie ought his owne
word to be confidered. That no authoritie of man nor angell oght in that cafe to
be refpefted. And as for their counfels, when the mater ftiall come to triall, it
fliall be eafelie feen, for whom the moft godlie, and moft auncient counfels flialJ
moltplainlie fpeake. I will proue by a counfel that of more authoritie is the
fentence of one man (founded vpon the fimple truth of God) then is .the determina-
tion of the hole counfel without the affurance of Goddes worde. _But that all their
determinations which we impugne, are not onlie mainteined without any afliir-
ance of Scriptures, but alfo are eftabliftied againft the truth of the fame: Yea, and
for the moft part againft the decrees of the former counfels, I ofier my felfe euident-
lie to proue. But nowe Ihortlie to the reft of the former lettre.
LEIIRB
To the Kcgim of 6cocund. 4.21
7. E r r R i:.
• AN orator, and GodJes m-fEiger alfo, iuftlie might rccjiiier of you nowe (by
' Goddts hand promoted to high dfgnitie) a motheilie piiiu vpon your fub-
• iedes •• a iuftice inflexible to h<i vfcd jgaiiill murthefers ;md common ojprefTors.*
' a hart voide ofauari^eand partialitie .- a minde ftudious and cartfull tor mairt-
' teOance of that rcahne and common welth (aboue whtni God hath placed yon)
' and by it hath made you honourable, with tlie reft of vermes, which not oiilie
' Ooddes fcripfures, but alfo writers ilkiminated onlie with the iight of nature,
• femiiejr in godh'e Rulers. But vayne it is to craue reformation of manners, where
' reli'gidn is corrupted. For like as a man cannot do the offire of a Man, till firft
• he haue a being and life : Co to worke worices pleafjpt in the light of God the
' father, can no man do, without the fpiric ot the Lord lefus, which doth not
• abide in the hartes of idolaters And therlore the molr godlie princes Jops^ E-
' zecbiit^ an.i lofapbit^ fcking Goddes fauor to reft vpon them, and vpon their
« people, before an thinges, began to reforme the religion. For it is, as the Ito-
• fnak wiihintlie bodie, which, if it be corrupted, of neceiiitie it intetkth the hole
• maflfe. And therfore Coften 1 repete that, which to be done is molt nccc(l:irie) if
' your grace pretend to reigne withChrift Icfiis then it behotieth you to fake care
• of his true religion, which this day within your realme is fo deformed, that no
« part of Chriftesftrdinances remain in their firft ftrength and originall purJM'e.
' Which, I praife God, to me is lefle difficill to prove, then dargercus to fpeake.
' And yet neither the one nor the other I feare, partlie becanfe the lone of life
' eternafl quencheth the terrour of temporal death, and partlie becaufe I wuld with
• St. Pjvle with my felfe accurfed from Chrift (as touching earthlie pleafurc-) for
' the faluation of my brethren, and illumination of your grace, whi( h thin^
• work, and verie dede, and not bare word or writing, Ihall wunelTe and declare
' yf I may puifchace the lifcertie of tonge^ but tortie dayes onlie.
J D n I r 1 0 K,
Tite wife and farund Democrltushzde fomtimes a familiare fentence ; that, Tlo-
vefl'it was to commeni fucb -warkii^ as were iporthie of praije, but to praije th'rigs
that were vkked, coulde not precede, but from a deceiuable mhde. And Tljcmijliui a phi-
ItJfopher of great fame, feing the hallof /oaf>JM?i the Romain Emperour replenilhed
with flatterers, faid. Of their matters it majbe efpied, that more they worjhippe the Jceptre
avd the purple then God-, Signifying that they litle regarded, whether the Emperour
was godlie or vngodlie, fo that they might reteine themfelves in fauour with him.
Albeit that thcfe were Ethnikes, and nether hade knowledge of God, as we pretend,
nether had geuen fb playn a confellion to declare themfelves enneinies to all iniqui-
tie (as we haue done by baptifme, and by our hole profeflion of Chriftianitie )
yet do their wordes damne no fmall nomber of vs, and cheflie of fuch as be con-
uerfant with princes. For who in thefe miferables dayes iudgethhimfelfe to haue
offended, albeit he praife, alowe, and mainteine what foeuer the princes and vp-
pet powers deuife ; yea althogh it be to opprefle, and to fpoyle the poore, to pull
from them their tkittnes, and, as the Prophet fayeth, to break their bones, and to ait
them in pieces, as pJJ) for the caldron or pot. Yet I fay, That the princes fhall not
lacke iudges to crie, It is right, it is for the common-welth, for dcfenfe of the
realme, andeafe of the fubiedes. So that the eftat of times is eucn now fuch, as
when the prophet complained, faying, The princes aske^ and the iudge is redie to geue,
Tiothis owve but the life and bhod.ofthe poore. Howe loon a greate man hath fpokert
the corruption of his minde, he hath his flatterers redy to applaude, and confirme
what foeuer he fpeaketh. And let the princes be of what religion they i)leafe, that
is all one to the moft part of men, fo that with abnegation of God, of his honour,
and religion, they may retein the friendfliippe of the court. Rut alas howe mi(e-
cable be princes that fo are abufed, and how contagious a pcftilence be fuch flat-
terers to common-weUhss, empires, and realmes, God hach declared euen frome the
0 o 0 o o beginning
^22 ^0 the Kcgent of Scotland.
beeinninge, to pa)Mit owt the tnifchief, which from them procedeth to fuch as geue
eare vnto them, f he auncient writers compare them to harlottes, to rauens, and
to more rauenous beaftes, and not without caufe. For as harlottes can neuer abide,
that their loaers Ihud returr.e to repentance and fobernes of minde, fo cannot flat-
terers fuftein, that fuch as they deceiue Ihall come to right iudgement. And as ra-
uens pyke ovjt the eyes of dead carions, and as rauenous beaftes deuoure the fame,
fo do flattsrers ( being more cruel ) pyke at the eyes of liuipg men, and blynding
the eyes of their vnderftandingand iudgement, do expone them to be deuoured in
bodie and foule to Satan. This we haue by profane writers onlie, but the Holy
Spirit taught vs this infallible truth, That where iniquitie reigneth in a common-
welth and none is found boldlie and openlie to reprehend the fame, that there (hall
fodein vengeance and diftrudion followe. For thus is it writen, and pronounced
by the prophet Hzechiel^ Shalt thouwt hdge the citie of blood, which hath made idols ^
whofe rulers fied blood to the vtter vioftoj their power ? they have defpijed my holie things^
they haue deuifed iniquitie, and haue perfourmed the fame. The coniuration of Fropheta
hath gathered vp the riches, and what Joeuer is precious within the fame. The priejles vio-
lentli» haue tome and rent my lawe. The people of the land hath wrought deceitfullie.
They haue oppreffed tbepoore, and haue done violence to the Jirangier vithuut iudgement,
and I hauefught oj them a man to reparethe hedge, and to Jlande in thegappe before me, but
J haue founde none. Therefore haue 1 poured Jurth my wrath vpon them, and in the fer of
viy hote difpleafure 1 haue confumed them. Aduert Madame, for thefe are not the
wordes of mortall man, but of the etemall God, and were not fpoken againft leru-
falem onlie, but againft euerie realme and nation, that fo off^endeth. I'he finnes
that here be named, are idolatrie in all, avarice and ciueltie in the princes and ru-
lers coniuracion of the prophetes to defend the wicked, deceit, fraude, and vio-
lence in the common people ^ and finallie, An uniuerfall filence of all man, none
being founde to reprehend thefe enormities. Wolde to God, that I might with fafe-
tieof confcience excufe you, your counfel, and the idolaters of that realme, from
any of thefe crimes afore named. The idolatrie which is committed, ismoreeui-
dent then that it can be denyed ; the auarice and crueltie, afwell of your felfe, as of
fuch as be in authoritie, may be known by the fadles. For fame carieth the voicei
of the poore ( oppreffed by intolerable taxes) not only to vs here, inaftrangecoun-
trie, but I am affured, to the eares oftheGodof hoftes. The confpiracie and con-
iuration of your falfe prophetes is knowen to the world, and yet is none founde fo
faithfuU to God, nor mercifull to your grace, that freely will and dare admonilh
you, to repent before that God rife nymfelf in iudgment. When I name repentance,
I meane no outward fhewe of holines, which commonlie is founde in hypocrites,
but I meane a true converfion to the Lord God from your hole hart, with a damn-
ing all fuperftion and idolatrie. In which ye haue bene norilhed, which with your
. prefence ye haue decored, and to your power mainteined and defended. Onles, I
fay, that this poyfon be purged from your hart, ( be your outward life neuer fo
glittering before the tfforld ) yet in the prefence of God, it is but abominable. Yea '
further, 1 fay, That where this venome of the ferpent ( idolatrie I mean ) lurketh
in the hart, it is impolTible, but that at one time or other, it (hall produce peftilent
fruites, albeit paraduenture not openly before men, yet before God no lefle odious,
then thefaftes of murtherers, publicanes and harlottes-, and therefore in mj' for-
mer lettre, I faid, That fuperfluous it was to requir reformation of maners, where
the religion is corrupted. Which yet again I repete, to the end that your grace
more depely may weye the mater. But now to the reft of the fame njy former lettre.
LETTRE.
J Am not ignorant how dangerous a thing it appeareth to the natural man, to in-
* nouate any thing in maters of religion, and partly I confider, that your
' grace's power is not fo free, as a publick reformation perchance wold requier. But
' if your grace fhall confider the danger and damnation perpetual, which ineuita-
* hU hangeth vpon all mainteiners of a falfe reljgion, then ihall the greateft, dan-
* ger eafeiy dcuour and fwallow vp ih. linaller. Yf your grace Ihall conlider, thac
ethef
To the Rgm of Scotland. 403
eiher ye mult ferue God to life euerlalling. or elles feme tlie world to dea:h and
damnation ; tlim albeit that man and ai;gell OiulJ difTiade you, ye will <ho(a
life and rcfiife death. And il fuitberye li.ail coniider, 1 hat tlieverie lite confift-
eth in the knowledge nt the only true God, and ot his Son Chrift lefusj and that
ra:e knowltdge hath annexed with it Gi'ddcs true woilhippe and honour which
requireth a teft'mony of i is own will txprefltd by his word, that fuch honour
doth pleafe him: It thefe things aloreriid your grace do earneflly meditate then
' albeit ye may not do fodeinly what ye wolde,yet Ihall ye not ceafe to l'o what ye
* may. Your grace cannot liaflely aholilhe iuperftition, and renirue from ofKces
* vnprofitable palioures, of whom fpeaketh tztxhid the prophete, which to a pa-
* biick reformation is requi/iteand neceflary. But if thez.leof Goddes glorie be
* feruent in your grate's hj.t, ye will not by wicked lawes inaintein idolatry, nether
' will ve fufier the fury ofbilhopes tomunherand deuoure the poore meniLres of
* Chriltes body, as in times by paltthey haue bene accultcmed, which thing yf ether
* by blynde ignorance ye do, or yet for pleafure of others within this realnie permit
* to be done, then except you fpedely repent, ye and your pofterity Ihall fod^'inly
* fele rhe deprelhng hand ot him, who hath exalted you. Yelhall be compelled
' ivillyeor not, to know that he is eternall, agiinit whom ye addr^fTe the i attell'
' and tljJt it is be, that moierateth the times cnid dijpofeth kivgdvms^ eie&:vie f, om autho-
* ritie Juch .IS biinobedient, and placiitge others accordivg to bis ^ood pleafure -^ th it it is
* he that gloriji-'tb them, that do gLrifie biWy and poureth jurth contempt ip. it princes
* that rebell againjl bis graces offred.
ADDITION.
IN writing of this parcel], as I remembred the iinpedimenfes, which m'ght call
you backe from God and from his true obediiice i fo did 1 con/ider what oc-
cafion ye haJ to tremble and to fear beforhis Majeflie, and to interpiife the lode
of all worldly glorie, for the promoting of the glorie of God. I do confider that
your power is but borowed, extraordinary, and vnftable ; for yehaue ir but by I'er-
mifTion of others i and feldom ir is that women do long reign with felicity antl iny.
For as nature hath denyed to them a conltant fpirit ot good goaernment ^ fo hath
God pronounced. That they are neuer giuen to reign over men, but in his wrath
and indignation. Your moft efpeciall frtndes moreouer, blinded by the I'anity of
this world; yea, being dronken with thecuppeof that Ronuin Harlot, are mortall
ennemies to Chrift lefus, and to his true religion. Thefe things may eafily abalhe
the mind of a woman not confirmed by grace : But yet if ye fhall a liile con/idee
with me the caufes, why that ye ought to hafard all for the glorie ot God in this
behalfe, the former terrours fliall fodeinly vanilh. I do mt eltemethat thinggreat-
eft, which paraduenture fom other do ; to wit, that if ye Ihall interprife toinnuuate
any thing in maters of religion, that then ye Ihall lofe ycur authority, and alfo the
fauour of your carnal frendes. I look further, to wit, toihcitidginentes of Go J, who
hath begonne alredy to declare himfelfargry with you, with your fede and pofte-
rity, yea with the hole realme, aboue which it (huld haue ruled. Impute not to
fortune, that firft your two fones were fodeinly taken from you, within the fpace
of fix hours, and after your husband raft, as it were, by violence from life and ho-
nour, the memorial of his name,fucceflion and ro> all dignity perifhing with himfelf.
For albeit the vfurped abufe, or rather tyranny of feme realmes, hate permitted
women to fuccede to the honour of their fathers, yet muft their glory be tranf-
ferred to the houfe of aflranger. And fo I fay, That with himfelf was buried his
name, fucttflon and royall dignity ; and in this, if ye efpy nor the arger and bote
difplealure of Grd (threatning you and the rtit of ycur pcfterity with the fame
plage ) ye are more obftinate, then I wold wifli you to be. I wold ye fhuld pori-
derand confider depely with yourfelf, that Grd vfcth rot to purifh rcaln.es ard
rations, with fuch rare plages without great caufe; nether vfeth le to rcltore foho-
nours ard glorj' the houfe. which he begirneth once to deiedt, till repentance of the
former crimes be found. Ye may parchjnce doubt what crimes fhuld haue bene in
your hulband, you, or the realme, for the which God Ihuld fo greuoufly haue pu-
..;.. O 0 0 0 0 2 niiljtd
424 To the Regent of Scotland.
nifhed you. I anfwer, The maintenance and defence of moft hoirible idolatrj'-,
with rhe (bedding of the blood of the fainres of God, who laboured to notifie and
rebuke the fame. This I fay, (other iniquities omitted ) is fuch a crime beture the
eyes of his maiefty, that for the fame he hath poured furth his extreme vengeance
vpon kings, and vpon their pofterity, depriuing them from honours and dignity
for euer : As by the hJftorie5 of the bokes of thekinges is moft enident. To lero-
boam it is faid, Becaafe I haiie exalted the from the niiddej} of the people, and haile made'
the prince ouer my penpli Krdei, I haue rent the khido?n from the hoiife of David for'
idoUtrk dfo, and h.uiegiiten it z'wto the ; but thou ha[I not bene as Dauid my feruante^
See. But thou ha/i done wickedly aboue all that haue gone before the. For thou huH madd
to the other goddes, and 7}tolte7i images to provoke me, and ha[i cafl me behynd thy backe.
Therefore Jl)alll bring affii'ciion vpon the houfe of lerohodim, and I fiall de/lroytohioboant
all that piffeth againfl the wall (fignifying therby the male children ) and fiallcajf
furth the pojleritie o/Ieroboam, as dung is cajl furth till it be confumed. This fentence'
was not only executed againft this idolater, but alfo againft the reft of idolaters in'
thatrealme, as they fucceded one after another : For to Baafa, whom God vfed a^
inftrument to root owt the fede of leroboam, it is faid, Becaufe thou haji walked in
the Tpay o/Ieroboam, and haft cavjed my people Ifrael fyn, that thoujbuldeji provoke mi
in their fynnes : Therefore fiall I cut down the pojleritie of Baafa, and the pofteritie of bit
houfe ahdfiall make thy houfeas the houfe of lerohoam. He that Jball die to Kaafa ik
the citie hym Jball dogges eat, and he that shall die in the field, hym shall thefowles deuouri.
Of the fame cup, and for the fame caufe, drank Ela and Acbab, yea and the po-
fterity of lehu, following the footfteppes of their forefathers. By thefe examples
you may euidently efpie, that idolatry is the caufe why God deftroyeth the pofte-
rity of princes. Not only of thofe that firft invent abominations, but alfo ©f
fuch as follow and defend the fame. Conlider, Madam, That God hath begonne
very fharply with you, taking from you, as it were togither, two children and a
husband. He hath begonne, 1 fay, to declare hymfelf angrie, beware that ye pro-
voke not the eyes of his maiefty. It will not be the hawty lokes of the proud, the
ftrength of your frendes, nor multitude of men, that can iuftifie your caufe in
his prefence. Yf ye prefume to rebell againft hym, ( and againft hym ye rebell, yf
ye deny my moft humble requeft, which I make in his name ; and it is this : With
the hafard of myne own life, I offer to proue, that religion which now ye main*
tein, to be falfe, deceiuabie and abomination before God: And that I fhall do by
mofl evident teftimonies of his blelTed, holie and infallible word.) If this, 1 fay, ye
denie, ( rebelling againft God ) the fauour of your frendes ftiall litle auail youj
when he fhall declare himfelf ennemy to you, and to your pofieritie: Which, aflure
your ftlf, he fhall fhortly do, if ye beginne to difplay the baner of your malice a-
gainft him. Let not the profperitie of others, be they princes, queues, kinges, or
emperours, bolden )'ou to contemne God and his louing admonition. They fhall
drinke the cup of his wrath, euery one in their rank, as he hath appointed them.
No realme in thefe quarters ( except it that next lieth to you } hath he fo manifeftly
ftri( ken with his terrible rod, as he hath done you and your realme : And there-
fore it becometh you firft to ftowp, except that ye will haue the threatnings, pro-
nounced by Ijaie the prophet, ratified vpon you ; to wit,That yourfodeine deftruBion
be as the rotten wall, and your breaking as the breaking of a potsherd, which is broken
without pitie ; fo that no portion of it can be found able ether to caryfyer or water. Wher-
bie the prophete doth fignifie, that the proud contemners of God, and of his admo-
nitions, fhall fo perilhefrom all honours, that they fhall haue nothing worthieof
memoriall behinde them in the earth. Yea, if they do leaue any thing, as it fhall
fee vnprofitable, fo (hall it be in execration and hatred to the ele£l pf God. And
therefore thus procedeth my former lettre.
L^TT RE,
HOwe dangerous that ever it fhall appeare to the flefhe, fo obey God, and fs
' make warre againft the deuilJ, the prince of darknes, pride and fuperfli-.
' tion ; yet if your grace looke to haue your felf and fede to continue in honoiilc
worldlie
To the Rigcm of Scotland. 425
-r* ■ - ■■■■■■
' worldlie and euerlafling, fiibieft your lelf by times vnder the hand of him, that is
* omnipotent, tmbratc his wili,delpife no: his Teftamenr, reinfe not hisgraas ot-
* frcd. When he calleth vpon you, vviihdravve not youre are. Be not led away with
* the vain opinion that your church cannot erre. Be ye moft afluredlie periuaded,
' that fo i-AXXQ as in life ye fc them degenerate from ChriUes true Apoft les, fo in re-
* ligion are they further corrupted. Lay the bokeoi God before \our eyes, and kc
' it be judge to that which I fay. W hich if ye with fear and reuerence obey, as did
' I'ps the admonitions of the prophetefle, then Ihall he ( by whom kivget do reigve)
* crowne your battel! with double benedittion, and reward you with wifdome,
' riches, glorie, honour, and long life in this your regiment temporal), and with lite
' euerlaftiiig, when the King of all kinges ( whofe men^bres now do crie for your
* helpe) the Lord lefus Ihall appear to iudgement, accompanied with his Argelle?,
' before whom ye (hall niake accoinpte of your preftnt regiment, when the jH/iid
* and difobedient (hall crie, Mour.u'mei fall vpon vi and hyde vs from the fice of tbs
' Lord. But then it fliall be to late, becuafe they contemned his voice, when he io-
* uinglycalhd.
* God the Father of our Lord lefus Chrift, by the power of his Holie Spirit,
* moue your hart fo to confider, and accept the thinges that be faid, that they be
* not a teftimonie of your jufl condemnation, in that great day ot the Lord lefus,
' to whofe omnipotent Spirit I vnieignedlie commit your grace.
JT> T> I r 10 N.
V ' Yhen Lrewie the prophet, at the commandement of God, had writen the fer-
mons, threatnings and plagues, which he had Ipoken againft Ifrael and Iit-
da, and had commanded them to bereddeby Bjriich his fcribe, becaufe himfelf was
eicommunicared, and forbidden to entre into the temple^ by the prouidence of
God, it came to paffe, that Micheas the lonne of Gjot(j/w, hearing the fnid lermons,
pjflf-d to the kinges houfe, and did communicate the marer with the reft of the
princes, who alfo after they had redde the fame volume of Ieremie\ preachinges,
did not concele the truth from king hhoiakim^ who then did reign in leruj'alem. But
the pioude and defperate prince, commanding the boke to be redde in his prefence,
before he hard three or four leaues of the fame, did cut it and calt it into the fier,
notwirhftanding that fome of the princes ( I thinke not all ) made requeft in the
contrarie. But the prophet was charged by God to write again, and to fay to le-
hoiakim the king, Thusjaieth the Lord, Thou haft burnt this boke., faynig^ Why hajl then
writen in it accordivg to this fenteitce ? Jjjuredlie the king of Babylon shall covie, avd
shall deftroye this land, and sha I make it voide oj y,: en and bcaftes. Thercfcre thus Jaieth
the Lord oj lehoiakim the king, there shall not be one left alive to Jit in the feat "/Dauid.
Their carcafes shall be cail to the heate of the day, and to the frojl of the vight ( wherbie
the prophet did fignifie themofi: vile contempt, a.id moft cruel! torment) and I ihall
vijit the iniquetie (f himjelfe, of his fede and Jervants., and I shall brivg upon them, and
vpouthe itihabiters of leiuia.\em, and vpon all luda, all the calamities vhich Ihaitefpoken ,
againft them. Albeit they wold not heare. 'I his is not writen, Madame, for thai time
onlie, but to afTure vs, that the like punifliment abideth the like contemners, of
what eftate, condition, or degree that euer they be. I did write vnto you before,
fiauing teftiir.onie of a good confcienre, that I did it in the fcaie of my Gcd. and
by the motion of his Holie Spirit (for the requefi: of faithful! I reihren, in ihirges
lawful! and perteining ts Goddes glorie, I cannet but iudge to be the voice ot the
KolieGholt) but how yedidacrepte the fame my forftier writing, 1 do not o'her-
wife then byconiefluresundeiftand } whether ye did reade it to the end or rot, lam
vncerteine: One thing I know, that ye did delyuer it to one of your prelates, fay-
ing. My lord, XFillye reade a Vafquill? As charitie perfuadeth me to interpret thinges
(doubtfully fpoken) in the beft fence, fo ni}' dutie to God (w)io bath command-
ed me to flatter no prince in the earth) compelleth ire to fay, tliat if no more ye
efieme the admonition of God, nor thecardinalles dothe fcffirg of pa(quilles,that
then he Ihall Ihortly fend you melTagers, with whcme ye fhall not be able on that
maner to ielt. If my perfon be confldered, I grant my threatninges are no more
P p p p p to
426" To the Regent of Scotland.
to be feared, then be the merie fportes, whiche fearfull men do father vpon Tufquil-
his in Rome. Kut Madame, if ye Ihall depelie confider, that liod vfech men (yea
and moft comraonlie ihofe that be of loweft degree, and moft abiedt before the world)
to be his meflagers and ambalTadours, not only to notifie his will to the fimple
people, bat alfo to rebuke the moft proude tyrannes and potent princes j then will
ye not iudge the liquour, by the outward apparance and nature of the veflell. For
ye are not ignorant, that the molt noble wine is inclofed within the tunne made of
fraill wood, and that t;ie precious oyntement is often kept within the pot made of
claye. Yf further ye ihall confider, that God will do nothing touching the punilh-
ment of realmes and nations, which he will not revele to his feruantes the pro-
phetes, whofe tonges he will compell to fpeake, fometimes contrarie to the appe-
tites and defires oi their ownhartes ; and whofe wordes he will performe, be they
neuer fo vnapparant to the iudgement of men. Yf thefe ye do depelie wey, then
will ye leare the thing, whiche prefentlie is not feen. Eliu was but a man, as St.
lamet doth witnefTe, like to his brethren :, and yet at his praier was Acbab the idola-
ter, and all Ifraell with him, punilhed three yeares and iix monethes, God Ihutting
vp the heauen, that nether rayne nor dewe fell vpon the earth the fpace afore-
writen. And in the end, God fo wroght by hym, that Baaks prieftes were firft
coniounded, and after iuftlie punished- And albeit that lefabel foght his blood,
and by othe had determined his death 5 yet, as she was frultratof her intent, fo
could she not kepe her owne bones from the dogges ; which- punishment, the pro-
phete (God fo ruling his tonge) had before appointed to that wicked woman. Al-
beit Madame, that the melTagers of God are no: fend this day with vifible miracles ;
becaule they teache none other do£l;rine, then that which is confirmed with miracles,
frome the beginning of the world ^ yet will not he ( who hath promifed to take
charge ouer his poore and litle flocke, to the end) fufFer the contempt of their em-
balTade, efcape punishment and vengeance. For the Truth it lelfe hath faid. He
that hearetb you, heareth ?««, avd he that contemnetb you, contemveth me. I did not
Ijieake vnto you, Madame, by my former lettre, nether yet do I now, as Pafquillns
doth to the Pope, and his carnall cardinalles, in the behalf of fuch as dare not vt-
ter their names ; but I come in the name of Chrift lefus, affirming, that the reli-
gion, which ye maintein, is damnable idolatrie •, the which I ofFre my felfe to proue,
by the moft euident teftimonies of Goddes fcriptures. And in this quarrell 1 pre-
fent my felfe againft all the papiftes within the realme, defiring none other ar-
more, hut Goddes hoi ieworde, and the libertie of my tonge. God moue your hart
to vnderftand my petition, to knowe the truth, and unfeignedlie to follow the lame.
uiMEN.
Revel. I OH. Chap. xxi. lam the BegiJtmvg ani theEvde. I will gene to him that u
a thirjl, of the well of the water of life Jrelie. He that overcommeth Jball inherit all
thivges^ and I will be his God, and he foall be myfonne. But the fearfull and vnbelie-
Jiitig, and the abominable, and murderers, and whooremongers, atidforcerers. and idola-
ter, and all lyars f}all haue their part in the lake, whiche knmetb with fer ajidbrimjione,
which is the feconde death,
THE
427
THE
APPELLATION
O F
lOHN I^NOXE,
FROM
The cruell and moft iniuft fontence pronounced againft
him by the falfe bifhoppes and clergie of Scotland,
with his fuppUcation and exhortation to the nobilitie,
eftates and commonaltie of the fame realme.
To theNbBiLiTiE and Estates of SCOTLAND,
loHN Knoxe wiJJjeth grace-, mercie, and peace from God the father of
our Lord lefiis Chrifi., vnth the fpirit of righteous iiidgenient.
T is not only the loue of life temporall (right honourable) nei-
ther yet the fear of corporall death, that moueth me at this
prefent to expone rnto you the iniuries done againft me, and
to craueof you, as of lawful powers by God appointed, re-
drefle of the lame, but partly it proceedeth from that reuerence
whiche everie man oweth to Godds eternal trueth, and partly
from a loue which I beare to your faluation, and to the falua-
tion of my bretliiJn, abufed in that realme, by fuch, as have
no fear of God before their eyes. It hath pleafed God of his infinite mercie, not
onlie fo to illuminate the eyes of my minde, and fo to tuche my dull hart, that
P p p p p 2 dearly
428 The Appdlatton 0/ John Knox.
clearly I fe, and by his grace vnfeanedly beleue, that there is Jio other name geven to
men voider the heauen, in which Jaluation covjijleth, faue the vame of lefus ahne.
Who by th.n Jacrijice which he did once offer vpoH the crnjfe^ hath fanBified for ever
thoje that JI)M enherite the kingdom promifedi Dut alio it hath pleafed him of his fu-
peraboundant grace, to make and apjiointe me moft wretched of many thoufandes a
witnes, minifter and preacher of the fame dochine : the fomme whereof I did not
fpare to comma')icate with my brethren b^ng with them in the realme oi' 'cotland,
in the yeare i j )'6, becaufe I know my felfe to be a iteward, and that accompfs of
the talent coaiinitted to ray charge,fliall be required by him who will admit no vain
excufe which leirfall men pretend- I did therefore (as God did minifterj during tue
tyme I was conuerfant with them (God is record and witntfle) triiely and fyncere-
ly, according to the gift granted vnto me, deuide the worde of faluation, teach-
inge all men to hate Syn, whiche before God was and is fo odious, that none other
facrifice coulde fatisfie his iuftice, except the death of his onlie fonne, and to mag-
nifie the greate mercies of our heaueolie Father, who did not fpare the fubflanGe of
his own glorie, but did giue hym to the world to fufFer the ignominious and ciuell
death of the croffe, by that meanes to reconcile his chofen children to hymfelfe :
teaching further what is the duetie of fuch as do beleue themfelues purged by fuch
a price from their former filthines. To wit, that they are bound to w.ilke in the new
«ei of life, fyhtiftg againfl thi lufies ofthepshe^ and Jluifinge at all tytnes to glorifie God
byjuchgood moorkes as he hath prepared his children to walke in.
In dodrine I did further affirme, fo taught by my matter Chrifi: lefus, that who-
foeiier denieth hym, yea, or is asham:d of hym, before this wicked generation-, hym shall
Chrifi lejiis denie, and of hym shall he be ashamed, when he shall appear in his maiejlie.
And therefore I feared not to affirms, that ol neceifitieit is, that fuche as hope for
life euerlafting, auoiie all fuperftition, vaine religion and idolatrie -, Vaine religi-
gion and idolatrie I call whatfbeuer is done in Godes feruice or honour without the
exprelfe commaundement of his oun worde.
This do&rine did I beleue to be fo conformable to Goddes holie fcriptures, that I
thoght no creatui:e could haue been fo impudent as to hauc denied any point or ar-
ticle of the fame. Yet neuerthek^ffe, me, as an heretike, and this doctrine as heri-
ticall, haue your fals bifhoppes and vngodlie clergie damned, pronouncing againft
me a fentence of death, in teftification whereof, they have burned a piSlure.
From which fals and cruell fentence, and from all iudgement of that wicked geiie-
rationl make it knowen to your honours that I appeal to a laufull and general
counlil, to fuche I mean, as the moft auncicnt lawes and canones do approue to be
holden^ by fuche, as whofe manifeft impietie is not to be reformed in the fame,
moft humbly requiring of your hononrs, that, as God hath appointed you princes
in that peopJe, and by reafon therof, requireth of your handes, the defence of inno-
centes troubled in your dominion, in the meane tyme, and till the controuerfies,
that this day be in religion be laufully decided, ye receaue me and fuche others;
as moft vniuftlie by thofe cruell beaftes are perfecuted, in your defence and pro-
teftion. ^
Your honours are not ignorant, that it is not I alone, who doth fuftaiii this
caufe againft the peftilent generation of PapiPces, but that the moft part of Germa*
fiie, the counttie o^Heltietia, the kinge of Dcnm.irle, the nobilitie of Polonia, togi-
ther with many other Cities and Churches reformed, appeall from the tyrannie of
that Antichrift, and moft earneftly do call for a laufull and general council, where-
in may all controuerfies in religion be decided by the auSloritie of Goddes moft la-
cred worde. And vnto this fame, as faid is, do I apeal yet once againe, requiring
of your honours, to hold my fimple and playn appellation of no leffe value nor
effedt, then if it had bene made with greater circumixance, folemnities, and ceremo-
nie, and that ye receaue me calinge vnto you, as to the powers of God ordained, in
your protection and defence againft the rage of tyrantes, not to mentaine me in
any iniquite, errour, or fals opinion, but to let me haue fuch eqnitie, as God by
his worde, auncient lawes, and determinations of moft godlie councils, grant to
men accufed or infamed.
The
'£hc Jpdiation of lohii Knoxe. /s^o^
The word of God will that no in.in (hall die, except he b? found criminnll and
worchie o\ dcith tor oiTence committed, of the whiche, he mull be inanifeltly (on-
uided by two or three wirne/res. Ancient lavvcs do permitt iuH: defences to fir h
as be acufedCbe their crimes ncuer fo horrible) and godlie counlilles will that ne-
ther Bylhopp nor Perfon ecclefiafticall whatfoeiier, accrfed of any crime (hall fit
in iudgement, coiifultation, orcoun/il, where thecaufc of fuch men, as do accufi;
them is to be tried.
Thefe chinges require I of your honours to be granted vnto me : to wit, That
the doctrine which our aduerfariescondem for herefie may be tried by the fimple
aiidplayn word ot God, that iu(t det-jnfes be admitted tovs that fuftain thebattaile
againft this peitilent generation of Antic hrift, and that they be remoued from iudge-
ment in cur caule, feinge that our accufation is not intended againft any one parti-
cular perlon, but againll that hole kingdcme, which we doubt not to prone to
bcapower vfvrptdagainll: God, againit hiscommuundement, and againll the or-
denanceofChriit ledis eilablilhed in his Church by his chefe Apoltles: Yea, we
doubt not to proue the kingdome of the Pope to be the kingdome and power ot An-
tichrift. And therefore my Lordes, I cannot ceafe in the name of Chriil lefiis to
require of you, that the matter may come in examination; anJ that ye the eftafes
of the realnie, by your authoritie, compellfuchas will be called biihoppes, not only
to defilt from their cruell murthering of fuch as do ftudie to promote Goddes glo-
rie in detetliiig and difclofing the damnable impietie of that man of fyn the ^o-
mam Antech.uJi, but alio that ye coinpell them to anfwer to fxhi crimes as (hall
belaid to their charge for not righteouily inltructing the flock committed to their
cares.
But here I know two thinges fnal be doubted. The former : whether that my
appellation islawfull and to be admitted, feing that I am damned as an heritike.-
and fecondarelie, whether your honours be bound to defend fuch as call for 3'our fup-
port in that cafe, fcing that your biihoppes (who in matters of religion, riaime all
audoritie to appertaine to them) haue by their fentence allredy condemned me.
The one and the other I nothing doubt moft clerely to proue. Fyrft, that my ap-
pellation is moft lawful and iuft.- and fecondarely that your honours cannot refufe
to defend me thus, calling for your aid, but that in fa doing, ye declare your
felues rebellious to God, mentainers of murtherersand fhedders of innocent bipod.
How iuft caufe I haue by the ciuile law (as tor their canon it is accurfed of God)
to appeale from their vniuft fentence my purpofe is not to make long difcourfe.
Oalie I will touche the poyntes which all men conefefle to be juft caufes of appella-
tion. F)rft^ Laufhlly could I not be fummoned by them, being for that tyme ab-
fent from their iurifdidtion, charged with the preaching of Chriftes Euangill, in 3
free citie not fubied to their tyrannie.
Secondarilie To me was no intimation made of their fummondes, but fo fecrefe
was their furmifeJ malice, that the copie of the fummondes being required vi'as
denyed.
Thirdlje, To the realme oi Scotland could I haue had no free nor fure accefle, be-
ing before exiled from the fame by their vniuft tyrannie. And hjilie^ To me they
nether could, nor can be competent and indifferent iu-iges; for that, before any
fummondes were raifed againft me, I had accufed them by my lettres publiihed to
the queue dowagier, and had intended againft them all crimes, ofFring my felf with
hafard of life to proue the fame j for the which the}' are not onlie vnworthie of
ecclefiafticall authoritie, but alfo of any fufFerance within a commune-welthe profef^
fing Chrift. This my accafation preceding their fummondes, neither by the law
of God, neither yet by the law of man, can they be to me conipetent iudges, till
place be granted vnto me openlieto proue my accufation intended againft them,
and they compelled to make anfwer as criminalls. For I ivill plainelie proue, that
not only biihoppes, but alfo Popes haue bene remoued from all authoritie and pro-
nouncing of iudt^ement, till they haue purged themfelues of accufationslayd againft
them. Yea further I will proue, that biihoppes and Popes moft iuftly haue bene
depriued, fiom all honours and adminifttation, for fmaller crunes then I haue to
charge the hole rable of your biihoppes.
Q, q g 9 g But
430 The Appellation o/Johil Knoxe.
But becaiifethis is not my chefe grounde, I will ftand content for this prefent ro
Ihew, that lawfiiU it is to Goddes Prophetes, and to preachers of Chriii lelus to np-
peall from the fentenceand iudgementof the vifiblechurche, to theknolledge oftHe
temporall Magiftrate, who by Goddes law is bound to hear their caufes, and to de-
fend them from tyrannie.
The Prophete leremie was commanded by God, to ftand in the courte of the houfe
of the Lord, and to preach this fermon in eife£t, That krufalem iliould be deftroyed,
and be exponed in opprobrie to all nations of the earth \ and that alfo that famous
temple of God Ihould be made defolatc like vnto Sylo^ becaufe the preeftes, the Pro-
phetes, and the people did not walk in the law, which God had propofed vnto them,
neither wdd they obey the voyces of the Prophetes, whome God fent to call them
10 repentance.
For this fermon was Iremie apprehended, and a fentence of death was pronounced
againft hym, and that by thepreeftes, by the Prophetes, and by the people, which
thinges being bruted in the eares of the Princes of hda, they paffed vp from the
kinges houfe, to the temple of the Lord, and fat down in iudgement, for further
knowledge of the caufe. But the preeftes and Prophetes continued in theyrecruell
fentence, which before they had pron?)unced, faying, Thn manu worthieof the death -^
for he hath prophefed again/} this citie, as your eares have heard. But leremie lb moued
by the Holie Ghoft, began his defence againft that their tyrannous fentence, in thefe
wordy. The Lori (laieth he) hath fent me toprophejie againjl this hovfe, and agaivjl
this citie, all the wordes vrhich you ham hard, hiow therefore viake good your wayes, and
hear the voyce of the Lord your God, and then Jhall he repent of the etiiH, trhiche he hath
fpoken agiinfi you. As jor me behold I atn in your handes ( fb doth he fpeak to the Prin-
ces) do to me as you think good and righteous. Neuertheles know you this mcjl afuredly,
that if ye miirther orjlay me, ye JI)M make your felnes^ this citie,and the inhabitants of
the farm criminally andguiltie ofinnoceyit blood. For of a trueth the Lord bath fent me
tofpeakin your eares all thofe wordes.
Then the princes and the people (faieth the texe) faid, this man is not worthh
of death, for he hath fpoken to vs in the name oj the Lord our God. And fo af-
ter fomme contention was the Prophete deliuered from that danger. This faft and
hiftorie man ifeftlieproueth whatfoeuer before I haue affirmed, to wit, that it ia
laufuU for the feruantes of God to call for the help of the ciuile magiftrate againft
the fentence of death if it be vniuft, by whome foeuer it be pronounced, and alfb
the ciuile fword hath power to repreffe the furie of the preefts, and to abfolue whoin
thei haue condemned. For the Prophete of God was damned by thofe who then only
in earthe wereknowen to be the vifible churche, to wit, preeftes and prophetes who
ihen were in Iernjale?n, the facceffoms of Jar on, to whome was geuen a charge to
fpeake to the people in the name of God, and a precept geuen to th: people to heare
the lawe from their mouthes, to the which if any (hould be rebellious or difobedient,
he ftiould die the death without mercie. Thefe men I fay thus audorifed by God,
firft did eicommunicat Ierimie,{ot that he didpreache otherwife then did the com-
mune fort of prophetes in lenfalem, and laft apprehended him, as you haue hard,
pronouncing againft him this fentence afore written, from the which nevertheles
the prophete appealed, that is, fought help and defence againft the fame, and that
moft earneftly did he craue of the princes. For albeit he faieth, / am in your
handes, do with me as ye think righteous, he doth not contemne nor negleft his
life, as thoghe he regarded not what ihould become of hym, but in thofe his wordes
moft vehementlie did he admonifhe the princes and rulers of the people, geuing
them to vnderftand what God fliould require of them. As he fhould fay. You
princes of Jniit, and rulers of the people, to whom appertaineth indifferentlie to
ludge betwixt partie and partie, to iuftifie the iuft man, and to condemne the male-
faOiour, you haue hard a fentence of death pronounced againft me by thofe, whole
iippes oght to fpeak no decept, becaufe they are fanftified and appointed by God
ftymfelfe to fpeake his law and to pronounce iudgement with equitie, but as they
haue left the lining God, and haue taught the people to follow vanitie, fo are they
bee mmed mortall enemies to all God's true feruantes, of whom I am one, rebuk-
ing their in iquitie, apoftacie, and defeflion from God, which is the onlie caufe they
feke
The JpelLition of lohn Knoxe. 431
feke my life. But a thing moft contrarie to all cquitie, law and iuflice it is that I
a man font ot Gud to call them, this people, and yen agaiiie to the true fcMiice ct
God, iVom the which jou are all declined, ll.jU lutter the dej;h, b'jcaiife that my
enemies do fo pronounce fentence. I Hand in jour prefence, vvhcmc God hath
made princes, your power is aboue their tyrannic, before yon do I eipone nu caufe
I am in your handes, and cannot reiilt to fuffer what ye think iull. But left that
my lenitie and patience Ihould either make you negligent in the defence ot me in
my iuft caufe, appealing to your iudgement, either yet encourage my encnjies in
feakinge my blood, this one thinge 1 dar not coufile. That it you muither me
(which thing ye do if ye defend me not) ye make not only my enemies gyltie of my
blood, but alio your felues, and thislioiecitie. By thcle vvordes I fay, it is euidenr
thattheprophete ofGod being damned to death, by the preeftcs and by the pro-
phetes of the vifible churche, did feke aid, fupport and defence at the princes and
temporall magiftrates, threatnyng his blood to be rtquiied of tl\eyre handes, if they
be theyre auctoritie did not defend hym from the furie of his ennemies : alledging
alfo iull: ca.:fetiof his appellation, and why heoght to haue bene defended: to wit,
that he was fent of God to rebuke their vices and defecl^ion from God : That he
taught no dodrine which God before had not pronourced in his Law .That he de-
lired tlieyre conuerfion to God, continuallie calling vpon them to walk in the wayes
u'hich God had approued, and therefore doth he boldlie craue of the princes, as of
Goddes lieutenantes to he defended from the blynd rage and tyrrarie of il:e preefts,
rotwithftandingthat they claimed to themfelues andtoritie to iudge in all matters
of religion. And the fame did he what tyme he was caft in prylon, and thereaf-
ter was brought to the prefence of king Z?<?«cA/.m ; after I fay that he had defended
his innocencie, aliirmyng that he neither had offended againfi the king, againfl his
ieruantes, nor dgaiufl the people, at lalt he made intercellion to the king for his
life, faying
But vow my lord the kv'g talc bede^ 1 btfeche the Ut my prayer fall into thy prefevce^
commavrJ me «&t to becaried againeinto the hoiifs of lonatban tbejcribe, that I cj^ not
there.
And the text witnefTeth, that the king commaunded the place of his impryfo.n-
ment to be chaunged. Whereof it is euident, that the prophet did ofter then once
feke help at the ciuile power; and that fyrfl the princes, and thereafter the king
did acknowledge, that it appertained to their officetodeliuerhim from the iniufl fen-
tence, which was pronounced againll him. Yfany thinke, that /»■««;> did rot ap-
peall, becaus he onely declared the wronge done vnto him, and did but craue de-
fence, accoidmg to his innocence ; let the fame man underftand, that none other-
wife do I appeale from that fals and cruell fentence, which your Kiflioppes haue
pronounced againfi: me. Neither yet can there be any other iufl caufe of appel-
lation but innocencie hurt, or fufpefted to be hurt, whether it he by ignorar.ce of
a iudge, . r by malice and corruption oi thofe, who under the title of iullire, do ei-
ercife tyrannic. If 1 were a thefe, murtherer, Llafphemer, open adulterer, or
any offender, whom God's worde commaundeth to fuffer for a crime committed, my
appellation were vaine, and to be reieifed : But I being innocent, yea the doftrine
which your Bifhoppes haue condemned in me, being God's etcrnail veriiie, haue
no lefTe libertie to craue your defence againfi that crueltie, then had t!ie Prophet
leremii to feke the ayde of the Princes and King of hii. But this fliall more
plainly appear in the fa£le of Sainft Vaule^ who after that he was ap;-reherded
in lerufAcm, did fyrfl claime to the libertie of Romayiie citizenes, for auoiding
torment, what tyme that the captayn would haiie eiamined hym by queflicns:
Thereafter in thecouncile where no rightiousiucgement was to be hoped lor, he af-
firmed that he was a Pharifie, and that he was accufed of ihe refnrrtftion of the
dead; and laff, in the prefence of f>^/(5, he appealed, from all knowledge and
iudgement of the Preeftes at lerujalem, to the tmperour: Of which laff point, be-
caufe it doth chefelie appertaine to this my caufe, I will foitiwhat fpeak.
^fter that PjuU had diuerfe tymes bene accufcd, as in the JSa of the apcftlfs \%
manifefl; at the lafl, the chefe Preeftes and th yre fa£lion came to Cefarea, with
FeJIui the prefident, who prefented to them Pavle in iudgement, whon.e they accnf-
Q. Cj q q q 2 ed
432 The Appellation o/loho Knoxe.
ed of horrible crimes -, which neuertheles they could not proue, the Apoftle de-
fending. That he had not cffeaded, 7ieitber agaivjl the law, neither agaivj} the itrnph^
wither yet agaivjl the Emperoiir.
But Fejius wiliivg' to gratijia the lewes, faidto Paiile^ If^ilt thou go tip to lerufukm^
a7id there be judged of thcj'e thzvgs in my prejtiice ? But Patile faid, IJIcuid at the iajlice
(eat of the Emperour, rebere it behoveth me to be judged. I haue dove no iniurie to the
letpes, as thou better huiVr-eH. 2f I haue done any thing iniuJUy^ or yet coinmitted crime
reorthieoj death., I refiife vot to die. But if there be not tmig oj thefe thiiiges true^ }»hereof
they acmje me., vo ir.an may giue me to them : J appeal! to Cefar.
It may ap', eav at the firli fight, That Paule did great iniuiie to Fejfus the Judge,
and to the hole order of the preefthcde, who did hope greater equitie in acruell ty-
rant, then iiiali that feflion and learned conipanie. Which thinge no doubt Fejlus
did vnderftand, pronouncing thefe wordes, HaH thou appealed to Cefar ? Tbuu Jhalt
go to Cefar. As he would fay, I, as a man willing to vnderfland the truth, before
i pronounce fentence, haue required of thee to go to Lrufalem, where the learned
of thyne owne nation may hear thy caufe, and decerne in the fame. The contro-
uerfie ftandeth in matters of religion : Thou art accufed, as an apollat from the
law, as a violator of the temple, and tranfgre/Tor of the traditions of theyre laihers,
in- which matters I am ignorant j and therefore deflre information by thofe that
be learned in the fame religion, wherof the queftion is. And yet docft thou refufe
io man}' godly fathers to hear thy caule, and doeft appeale to the tmperour, pre-
ferring hym to all our judgements, of no purpose belike, but to delay time. Tiius,
I fay, it mycht haue appeared, That Pauls did not only iniurie to the iudge and
to tire preeftes, but alfo that his caufe was greatly to be fufpeded ; partly lor that
he did refufe the iudgement of thofe that had nioft knowledge (as all mtn fuppof
ed) of God's will and religion; and partly becaule he appealed to the Eniperour,
who then was at Rome far abfent from Icrufakm, a vnmi alfo ignorant of God, and
ennemie to all vertue. But the Apoftle conlidering the nature of bisennemies, and
what thinges they had intended againfl hym, euen from the fyrft day that he began
freelie to freak in the name of Chrifl, did not fear to appeale from them, and from
the iudge that would haue gratified them. They had profefTed themfeluts plain
ennemies to Chrifi: lefus, and to his blefTed euangill, and had fcght the death of
Paiile., 3^ea, euen by fadlions and treafonable conipiracie .- And therefore by no
meanes would he admit them either fudges in his caufe, either auditours of the
fame, as Fejlw required : But grounding himfelf e vpon ftrong reafons, to wit,
that he had not offended the leves^ neither yet the law, but that he was innocent i
and therefore that no iudge oght to giue hym in the handes of his ennemies: Ground-
ing, I fay, his appellation vpon thefe reafons, he neither regarded the difpleafure of
Tejlui^ neither yet the brute of the ignorant multitude; but boldely did appeal,
■from all cognition of them, to the iudgement of the Emperour, as faid is. By thefe
two exemples, I doubt not but your honours do vnderftand, that lawful! it is to the
feruantes of God opprefled by tyrannie, to felce remedie againll the fame, be it by
appellation from their fentence, or by imploring the helpe of ciuile Magiffrates.
For what God hath approued in leremle and Paul, he can condemne in none that
likewife be entreated. I might alledge fome hiltories of the primitiue Church, fer-
uing to the fame purpofe ; as of J??ibrofe and Jthajiafius, of whom the one would not
be judged but at Milan., where that his doflrine was heard of all his Church, and
receaued and approued by many : And the other would in no wife geue place to
thofe counciles, where he knew that men c(;i!fi>ired againft the trueth of God,
Ihould fit in iudgement and confultatione. But bccaufe the Scriptures of God are
my only foundation and affurance, in all matters of weight and importance, I haue
thoght the two former teftimonies fufficient, afwell to proue my appellation reafon-
able and iufl-, as to declare to your honours, that with fafe confcience ye cannot
refufe to admit the fame. Yf any thinke it arrogancie, or foolifhnes in me, to com-
pare my felfe with leremie and Paule, let the fame man vnderftand, that as God is
immutable, fo is the verity of his glorious Euangill of equall dignity, whenfbeuer
it is impugned, be the membres fufFering neuer fo weak. What I think touching
mine owne perfon, God fhall reueale when the fecrets of aU hartes fhall be diicloi:
edi
Tic JpclLition oflohn Knoxe. 433
edi aiidfuvh as witt> whoin I luuc bene conuerfjnt, can partly vi'itnellc, what ar-
logaixii.- criiride they efpie in me.. But touching tlie dochii.c andoufe, which
thjt adulterous and pelliJent generation of Antiduilts icru.mts (who will be cal-
led Hilhc'ppes amongit yoii; haue condemned in me, I neithLT fjar nor Ihame to
confifle and auow, before man and angell, to be theeternall truethof the eternail
God. And in that cafe, I dout not to compare my felf with any membre, in whom
the trueth haih bene impugned fince the begynnyng. For as it was the true\h, which
IcTcmk did preach in thefe wordes,
Tbe Pr^-tjlesh.iu£KLt kuoifenme (pieth the Lord) but the pajlors hjue trjiterovjly di-
clhied ar.d fjUat hck Jrom me. The Prophetes h.ni>: pophejied in Baal, and baue gons
after tbnfe tb'ntgs, whicb camot hdpe. Jly people bam lejt the foimtaitie vj liuing waters
and hjtie digged to tbemfeua pits^ which can cuntaiue no water.
As it was a trueth that the paltors and watchmen, in the daies oflfaie, were be*
comed domme d"gs, blynd, ignorant, proud and auaricious. And finally as it was
a trueth, that the Princes and Preeftes were murtherers of Chrilt lefus, and cruell
perfLcutors of iiis Apoltles; So likewyfe it is a trueth (and that molt intallible)
that thofe that haue condemned me ( the hole rable of the papifticall clergie ) haue
cleclyned from the true faith, haue geuen eare to deceauable fpirits, and to doc
trine of deuills, are thefterres fallen from the heau;n to the earth, are fouptviines
without water-, and finally areennemies to Chrill lefus, deniers of his vertue, and
horrible blafphemours of hisdeath and pafTion. And further, as ihat vifible Churcbe
had no crime, whereof iuftly they could accufe either the i-roj-hetes, either the A-
pofllcs, except theyr doctrine only: So haue not fuch asfekemy blood, other crime
to lay to my charge, escept that 1 affirm, as alvvais I offer to proue, that the religion,
which now is maintained by fier and fword, is no le/Ie contrarious to the true reli-
gion taught and eft ablilhed by the Apoftles, then is darknes to light, or theDeuill
to God: And alfo that fuch as now-doclairae the title and name of the Churchc
ar no more the elect fpoufe of Chrift lefus, then was the Synagoge of the leves the
true Church of God, what fyme it crucified Chrift leliis, damned his doctrine and
perfecuted his Apoltles. And therefore feing that my battail is againit the proude
and cruell hypocrites of this age, as that battaill of thofe molt excellent inftru-
menres was againft the fals prophetes, and malignant Churche of theyr ages : Nei-
ther ought any man think it ftrange, that I compare my felf with them, wifh
whome 1 fuftaine a common caufe ; neither ought you, my Lordes, iudge your felues
le{{e addetted and bound to me, calling for your fupport, then did the Princes of
tuca think themfelues bounde to leremie, whome for ihattyme they deliuered, not-
withftanding the ft ntence of death pronounced againft him by the viflble Church.
And thus much for the right of my appellation, which in the bowelles of Chrift ie-
flis, I riquier you honours not to elleme, as a thing fuperfluous and vaine ; but that
ye admit it, and alfo accept me in your protection and defence, that by you allured
I may haue acceffe to my natiue countrie, which I neuer offended ^ to the end, that
freely and openly in the prefence of the hole realme, I may geue my confeflion of
all fuch pointes, as this day be incontrouerfle ; and alio that you, by yourautho-
rftie which ye haue of God, compel] fuch, as of long tyme haue biyndcd and de-
ceaued both your felues and the people, to anfwer to luch thinges, as Ihall be laide
to theire charge. But left that fomme dout remayne, that I require more of you,
then youof confcience ar bound to grauut, in few wordes, I hope to proue ray pe-
tition to be fuch, as without God's heauy difpleafure ye cannot deny. My peti-
tion is, That ye, whome God hath apointed heades in your commune- welth, with
fingle eye do ftudie to promote the glorie of God, to prouide that your fubieQes be
rightly inftrucled in his true religion ; that they be defended from all oppreflion
and tyrranie; that true teachers may be maintained, and fuch as blynde and de-
ceaue the people, togyther alfo with all idle bellies, which do robbe and opprefle
the flock, may be remoued and punifhed as God's Law prefcribeth. And to the
performance of euery one of thefe, do your offices and names, the honours and
benefited, which ye receue, the Law of God vniuerfally geuen to all men, and the
examples of moftegodlie Princes, bynde and oblifti yon.
R r r r r My
\
434 ^^^^ ylppellation o) lohn Knpxe.
My purpofe is not greatly to labour to proue, that your hole ftudie oght to be to
promote the glorie oi God; neither yet will 1 ftudie to alledge all reaibns, that
iuftly may be broght to proue, that ye are not exalted to reigne aboue your bre-
thren as men without care and folitude. For thele be principals fb graf'ied in na-
ture, that very Echnicks haue contefied the fame. For feing that God only hath
placed you in his chaire, hath appointed you to be his lieutenants, and by his ownfe
feall hath marked you to be Magiltrats, and to rule aboue your brethren, to whom
nature neuertheles hath made you lyke in all points ( for in conception, biith, lite,
and death ye differ nothing from the commune fort of men, but God only, as faid
is, hath promoted you, and of his efpecial fauour hath geuen vnto you this prero-
gatiue to be called gods; } How horrible ingratitude were it then, that you Ihould
be founde vnfaithful to hym, that thus hath honored youf* And turther what a
monfter were it, that you Ihould beproued vnmerciful to them, aboue whom ye are
appointed to reigne, as fathers aboue theyr children ? Becaufe, I fay, that very
Ethnicks haue graunted, that the cheefe and fyrft care of princes, and of fuch as
be appointed to rule aboue others, oght to be to promote the glorie and honour of
theyr goddes, and to maintaine that religion, which they fuppofed to haue bene
true. And that theyr fecond care was to maintaine and defend the fubieds com-
mitted to theyr charge, in all equitie and iuftice. I will not labour to Ihew vntd
you, what oght to be your ftudie in maintainyng God's true honour; left that in
fo doing I fhould feme to make you leffe careful oner God's true religion, then were
the Ethnickes ouer their idolatrie. But becaufe other petitions may appere more
hard and difficile to be graunted, I purpofe brefely, but yet freely, to fpeak what
God by his worde doth allure me to be true. To wit, Firft^ That in confciencd
you are bounde to punyfh malefadtors, and to defende innocents, imploring youf
helpe. SecoTtdarely^ That God requireth of you to prouide, that your fubieits be
lightly inftruded in his tnie religion; and that the fame by you be reformed, when-
foeuer abuf^s do crepe in, by malice of Satan, and negligence of men. And lajle^
That ye are bounde to remoue from honour, and to punifti with death ( if the
crime fo require ) fuch as deceaue the people, or defraude them of that focde of
theyr foules, I mean Gods liuely worde. The fyrft and fecondeare mofleplayne
hy the wordes of S. Paule, thus fpeaking of lawfnll powers.
Let eiieryfoule ({^'leth he) fubmit hymJelfev7ito the hygber powers : For there is m
power but of God. The powers that be, are ordained of God. Ifhojoeuer therefore refift-
eth power., rejifteth the ordiJiance of God ; and they that refifi pall receaue to themfehes
damnation. For rulers ar not to be feared of thofe that do jrell, but of thofe that do euill.
Wilt thou then be mthout fear of the power ? do that which is good, and fojfialt thou be
praifed of the fame. For he is the minijler of God for thfwelth. But if thou do that
which is euill, fear. For he bear eth not the Jworde fornogbt: For he is the minijler of
Cod to take vengance on them that do euill.
As the Apoftle in thefe wordes moftftraytly commaundeth obedience to be geueri
to lawful! powers, pronouncing God's wrathe and vengance againft fuch, as fhall re-
Hfl the ordonaunce of God ; fo dotbe he afligne to the powers theyr cfhces, which
be to take vengeance vpon euil doers, tomentaine the well doers, and fo tominiftre
and rule in theyr office, that the fubie£les by them may haue a benefite,and be praif^
ed in well doing. Now if you be powers ordeined by God ( and that I hope all
men will graunte) then by the plaine wordes of the Apoftle is the fworde geuen vn''
to you by God, for the maintenance of innocent, and for the punj-fhement of
malefaftors. But I and my brethren with me accufed, do offre not only to proue
our felues innocents in all thinges laid to our charge, but alfo we offre moft euident-
ly to proue your Bifhoppes to be the verie peftilence, who haue infedcd all chriftia-
nity. And therefore by the plaine dodrine of the Apoftle, you are bounde to
maintaine vs, and topunyfli the other, being euidently conuift and proued crimi-
nall. Moreouer, the former words of the Apoftle do teach, how far hie powers
be bounde to theyr fubetles : to wit, that becaufe they are Gods miniflers by hym
ordained for the profitt and vtilitv o"^ others, mofte diligently oght they to intend
vpon the fame. For that caufe affigneth the Holy Ghoft commaunding fubiefles to
obey, and to pay tribute : faing^ For this doy«u pay tributt and tole.
4, That
^
/
'jLiJt Jpcilattuii of lohii Knoxe. 4
:55
. That is becaufe they ire Gods minifters, bt-aring the fworde for your vtilitie,
^*'llerofit is plaint, that there is no honour v.'itliout a charge annexed. And rhis
one: point 1 wilh your wifdomes dipely tocon/ider, that God hath n.:t pi. iced vou
abone your brethren to reigne as tyrantes u-ithour refpcdl ot iheyr profitt ai;d com-
moditie. Ye heare the Holy Ghoft witntfTe the contrarj', arhrrn\ing, that all
Jaw l^u 11 powers be Godsminifkrs ordened for the welih, profit and lalintion of
the (ubie£tes, and not tor theyr deftruction. Could ft be fa id (I belich you) t'^'ar
Magiitrates, inclofing theyr fubiedls in a litie without all vifluaiis, or geuing
vnio thein no other vicluales, but fuch as were poiHrned, did rule fur the profit ot
theyr fubietttsi* I trufl that none would be fo loolilhe, as to afliunc, but that ra-
ther euerie difcrefe perfbn would boldly arfinre, iliat fiich as fo did, uere tyrantes
vnwonhie of all regiment. Yfwe will not dtny that whithe Clirift lefusaflirni-
eth to beatrueth infallible; fo wit, That the foule is greater and more pret:ous
then is the bode: Then ihall we eafely efpye, how vnworthie of authc;ricie be
thofe, tliJt this day debarre theyr fubiecles from the hearing of God's wdrde, and
by fier a'ld fworde compell them, to fetd vpon the very poifon ot their foules, the
damnable doftrine of Antichrift. And therefore in this point, I fjy, I tannot
ceafe to admonilh yourhonours, diligently totake heedeouet your charge, whici) i^
greater then the moft parte of men fuppofe. It is not ynoiigh that yon abflaine
Iroui violeute wrong andopprellion, whiih vngodlie inen excicifeagainlt their fuL-
iectes \ but ye are further bounde, to wit, that ye rule aboue them for theyr welth •
which ye cannot do, it that ye either by negligence, nor prouiding true pallors, or
yet by your maintainanceof fuch as be rauening woiues, fiiffer their foiiles to flenie
and perillTe, for lack of the true foode, which is Chriftes Euangill fy ncerely preach-
ed. It will not eicufe you in hisprefence, who will require accompte of euerie ta-
lent committed to your charge, to fay, that ye fuppofed that the charge of the foulcs
had bene committed to your Bylhoppcs. No, no, my Lordcs, fn ye cannot efcare
God's iudgement. For if your Byihoppe5 be proued to be tio Bylhoppes, but decea-
vable theues and rauenyng wolues (\'/hicli I offer my felte to proue by God's word
bylaw, and councils, yeaby theiudgemenl of all the godly learned from the pri-
maiiue Church to this day) then fhall your permillion and defence of them be re-
puted before Go j, a participation with theyr thefte and miirther. For thus accued
the Prophete Iftk the Princes of hriifdem. Thy prf«cr?T, fa ieth he, areapoJfjtJts j that is
obfiinat refufers of God, and they ar compnuiovs of tbeves.
This greuous accnfation was laid againft them, albeit that they ruled in that
citie which fometyme was called holy, where then were the temple, rites and or-
dinances of God : becaufe that not onlie they were wirked themff lues, but chefely
becaufe they maintained wiked men theyr Prcefics and fals prophetes in honours
and aiiQorifie. If they did not eft ape this acufation of the Holy Ghofl in that
age, lookeye neither to efcape theacculation nor the iudgeinent which is pronoun-
ced againfl the maintainers of wicked men: to wit, that the one and the othcf
(hall drink thecuppe of Gods wrathe and vengance togither. And kit ye Ihould
deceaue yotir felues, efteming your Bylhoppes to be vertuous and goilie, this do I
affirme and offer my felfe to proue the fame, that more wicked men, then be the
hole rabble ot your clergie, were neuer from the begynning vniuerfally
Icnowen in any age, yea Sodome and Gomnrra may be iuftified in ihsyre refpe£K
For they permitted iufl Lot, to dwell amongeft them without any violence done to
his body, which that peftilent generation of your (hanenfort doth nor, but mofle
cruelly perfecute by fier and fwordethe true membres of Chriffcs bodie for no other
caufe, bat for the true feruice and honoring of God. And therefore I fear not to
afKrme that, which God thall one day iuflifie, that by your offices ye be bound,
not only to reprefTe theyr tyranny, but alfo to punifh (hem, as theuesand murthe-
reis, as idolators and blafphemers of God, and in their roumes ye are bounde to
place true preachers ot Chrilt's Euangile, forthelnftrntfion, comfort and faluation
of your fubiecles, aboue whome els shall neuer the Holy Ghofl a? knot lege, that you
ril]e in iuftice for their profit. Yf yee prefend to poffefle the kingdome with
Chrift lefus, ye may not take example neither by the iguonnt multitude of Princes,
neither by the vngodly and cruell rulers of the earth, of whome fomme pafle thtyre
R r r r r 2 tyme
±26 Toe Appellation of lohn Knoxe.
tymeinfloutb, infolencie and ryote without refpeft had to Goddes honour, or to
the faluation o'f theyre brethren .• and other mofte cruelly opprefle with proude
N'mrode fuch as be fubiecl to them- But your pittern and example muft be the
pradife of thofe, whom God hath approued by the teftimony ot his word, as after
Ihall be declared. , , r n • v r j r
Of the premifTes it IS emdent, that to lawfuU powers is geuen the Iword tor pu-
nylhement of inalefadors, for maintenance of innocents, and for the profit and
vtility of thyr fubiefts. Now let usconlider, whether the reformation of religion,
fallen in decay, and punylhement of talfe teachers, do appertain to the ciuil magi-
ftrate and nobility ot any realm. I am not ignorant that 'Satan of old tyme for
mentainance of his darknes," hath obtained ot the blynd world two chefe points.
Former he hath perfuaded to princes, rulers, and magiftrates, that the feeding of
Chriftes.flock appertaineth nothing to theyr charge, but that it is reieQed vpon the
Byfhoppes,'^ar.deftateeccleriafticall: And fecondarely, that the reformation of re-
ligion be 'it neuer fo corrupt, and the puniihment of Hich, as be fworn fonldiersin
theyr kingdom, are exempted from all ciuil power, and are referued to themfelues
and to theyr own cognition. But that no offender can iuftly be exempted from pu-
nyfhement, and that the ordering and reformation of religion, with the inftru£lion
of fubieds,' doth efpecially appertain to the ciuil Magiflrate, ihall Goddes perfe£l
ordenance' his plain worde, and the fades and examples of thofe that of God are
highly praifed, moft euidently declare.
When God did eftabliih his law, ftatutes and ceremonies m the middeft oxlfrael^
he did not exempt the matters of religion from the power of Mofes^ but as he gaue
him charge over the ciuil polity, fo he put in his month and in his band .• That is,
he fyrft reuealed to him, and thereafter commaunded to put in practife whatfoeuer
v^as to be taught or done in matters of religion. Nothing did God reueal particu-
larly to Aaron, but altogither was he commaunded to depend from the mouth of
Mojes : Yea nothing was he permitted to do to hymfelt or to his children either
in his or theyr inauguration and fandtification to thepreefthode, but all was com-
mitted to the care of Mofes, and iheretore were thefe wordes fo frequently repeted
to Jllofes,
Thou Jljalt fepjrate Aaron anih'n fonnet from the middefl of the people o/"Ifrae], that
they may execute the office of the preejlhoie, thou foalt make viiso them garments ^thoujlialt
amwyvte them, thou shalt wash them, than shalt f II theyr havdes with thefacrifice.
And fo furth of every rite and ceremony, that was to be done vnto them, efpe-
ciall commaundement was geuen vnto JUofes, that he (hould do it. Now if Jaro7t
and his fonnes were fo fubiedt to Mofes, that they did nothing but at his commaun-
dement, whodar be fo bold as to afhrme, that the ciuil Magiftrate hath nothing to
do in matters of religion. For feing that then God did fo ftray tly require, that euen
thofe, who did beare the figure of Chrift, fhould receaue from the ciuil power as
it were theyre fanftification and entrance to theyr office, and feing alfo that A/o-
y^i was fo far preferred to ^jiKOJf, that the one commaunded and the other did obey,
who dar efteme that the ciuil power is now becomed fo prophane in Gods eyes, that
it is fequeftrated from all intermilTion with the matters of religion. The Holy Ghoft
in diners places dedareth the contrary. For one of the chefe precepts commaund-
ed to the king, when that he fhould be placed in his throne, was to write the ex-
ample of the boke of the Lordes law, that it fhould be with hym, that he might
read in it all the days of his life, that he might learn to fear the Lord his God, and
to kepe all the wordes of his law, and his ftatutes to do thefn- This precept re-
quireth not only, that the king fhould hymfelfe fear God, kepe his law and Itatutes,
but that alfo he as the chefe ruler, fhould prouide that Goddes true religion fliould
be kept inuiolated of the people and flock, which by God was committed to his
charge. And this did not only Dauii and Solomon perfedly vnderftand, but alfo
fomme godly kinges in luda, after the apoltacy and idolatry, that infefted Ifrael
by the meanesof lerob^am, did pra^Hfe theyr vnderftanding. and execute theyr pow-
er in fomme notable reformations. For jfa and lojapbat kinges in luda, fynding
the religion altogither corrup% did apply theyr hearts (faieth the Holy Ghofi:) to
ferue the Lord, and to walk in his waies j and thereafter doth writnes, that Jfa re-
moued
Tie /IpclLnion of lohn Knoxe. 437
moutd from honours his mother, foir.me fay grand :i:oi her, fcecaufe she had com-
mitted and laboured to meutainc horrible idolitrie. And /o/JpAjt d'd not only
refufe ftrange Goddes hymfilfe, but alfo diftroying thethele u)cr.i:nierits of iaola-
trie, did fcud furth the Laiita to inftrud the people, wl:creot it is playne that the
one and the other did vnderftand fuch reformatiLUs, to appertaine to theyr dutits.
But the factes of txcchtjs, andof lojtjs, do moreclerely proue the power and dueiy
of checiuil Magiftrate in the reformation of religion. Kefore the reign of tzah'us, Ij
corrupt was the religion that the dores of the houfc of the Lord were Ihut vpp, the
lampes were citinguilhed, no facrifice vi-as orderly made, but in tl;e firft yearo of
his reigne, tlie firll monethof the fime, did the king open the dores of the :emple,
bring in the Preertes and Leuices, and anembling them togiiher did fpcak \no
them as folloelh. Hejr vie o ye Leitites and be fjiiHiJiid 7ion\ and fwdijic alfo the
Houfe cfthe Lord God ofyourfjthtrs, arJ carie furth Jiom thejjiiciuarie alljihbyjhs (he
meaneth all monuments and vefTtUes of idolatiit")yi rrur/i/Z/ifM buue iTavJgnjjed ar.d
hjui comir.hted vickedvei in the eya of the etej 7iall cm Gd^ ihcy hjue I ft bym ayid haue
turned theyr jjcet from the tabernacle of the Lord, an,i tbcrejcreh the vrath of the Lord
commed vpon ludj and l-rufalem. Behold our fathcn bjucfalltn by the jn> rde^ ow Jiuincs
daugbtcTi and wives are led in captiuitie, but now baue Ipwpufcd in viy he^it to ii:ake a
couenjtite with the Lord God of Ifrael, that he may turn: the wr th of his fur ie from us.
And tbcrefre my fonnes (he fwetely exhorteth) be not faint, for the Lcrd bath chojen
you to JIavd in his prefence and to/erue hym. ^uch as be not more then blynd clertly
may perceaue that the king doth aknoUedge that it appertained lo his charge to
reforme the religion, to appcinte the L-uites to theyr charges, and to admonifii
them of theyr deutie and office, which thing he more euidently dedareth writing
his lettres to all Ifrael, to Ephraim and JlanSjf'cs, and fent the fame by the handes of
meffrngers hauing this tenour.
Tonfoiwes of Ijrael return to the Lcrd God of Abraham, IJaac and Ifrael, and he
P^aU return to the rejidue that rcfletb from tbc handes of AlTur. Be net as ycur Jatbeis
and as your brethren were, who haue tranfartJfeJ agaivjl the Lcrd God of tbeyr fathers,
who hatb made them dejolate as you fee. Holde not your heart therefore but giue yuor
bande vnto the Lord, return into his fanUuarie , J'cruehym, and be shall shtw mercie vnto
you, to yoiirfonnes, and daughters that be in bondage, jor he is pitifull and eafe to be
entrejted.
Thus far did Ezechias by lettres and meflingers prouoke the people, declined
from God, to repentance, not only in luda, where he reigned laufull king, but alfo
in Ifrael, fubieft then to another kiog. And albeit that by fome wicked men his
mellingers were mocked, yet as they lacked not theyr inft piinilhment (for within
fixe yeares after Sa)naria wasdelhoyed and Ifrael led caprine by Salmanuzar) fo did
not the zealous king Ezechias, defiit to profecute his duetie in reficring the religion
to God's perfetk ordenance remouing all abominations.
The fame is to be red of loftas, who did not only reftore the religion, bat did
further diflroy all monumentes of idolatry, which of long tyme had remained. For
it is written of him, that after that the boke of the law was found, and that he had
asked counfil at the propheteflTe Hulda, he fente and gathered all the elders of luda
and lerujahm, and ftanding in the temple of the Lord, he madeacouenant, that all
the jieople from the great to the Imall Ihould walk after the Lord, fhould obferue
his law, flatutes and teftimonies with all theyr heart, and ail iheyr foiile, and that
they should ratifie and confirmewhatfoeuer was written in the boke of God. He fur-
ther commaunded Helkiasihe hie preeft, and the preelfes of the inferiour order, that
they should carry furth of the teihpleof the Lord all the vefTels that were made to
Baal, whiih he burnt, and did carie theire ponder to Betbcl. He did further diftroy all
monuments of idolatry, yea, euen. thofe that had remained from the dayes of Solo,
mon. He dd burn them, ftampe them to powder, whereof one part he fcattered
in the broke Kidrcn, and the other vpon the fepu'crrs and graues of the idolaters,
whpfe bones he did turn vpon the altars, wlert befrre the made facrifice not cnly
in hda^ lut alfo in Bethel, where Icrcbcam had frtdttd his idolatry .- yea he further
preceded, ard did kyll the preefles of the hie places, who u ere idolaiers, and had
deceaued the people .• he did kyll them. I fay, and did Luin iheyr bones vpon
S f f f f theyr
438 The Appellation 0) lohn Knoxe.
theyr own altars, and fo returned to lerufalem. This reformation made 7o/tK, and
for tbe fame obtained this teftimony ot" the Huly Ghoft, that mither before hym^ nei-
ther after hym was there any fvche king, who retm?ied to God with hii hole foiile, ani
with ah hisftiengthe, according to all the law of Mofes.
Ot which hiltories it is euident that the reformation of religion in all points, to-
gither with the punifhment of falfe teachers, doth appertaine to the power of the ci-
iiile Magiftrate. For what God required of them, his iuftice muft require of others
hauing the like charge and auftority : what he did approue in them, he cannot but
approue in all others, who with like zeale and fyncerity do interprife to purge the
Lordes temple and fandluary. What God required of them, it is before declared,
to wit. That nioft diligently they (hould obferue his law, ftatutes and ceremonies.
And how acceptable were theyr fa£les to God, doth he himfelfe witnelTe. For to
Ibmme he gaue moft notable viQiories without the hande of man, and in theyr moft
defperate aaungers did declare his efpeciall fauours towerdes them by fignes fuper-
naturall : to other he fo eftablifhed the kingdome, that theyr ennemies were com-
pelled to floupe vnder their feete. And the names of all he hath regiflred not only
in theboke of life, but alfo in the blelTed remembrance of all poftenties fence theyt
dales, which alfo Ihall continue till the commyng of the Lord lefus, who Ihall re-
waide with thecrowne of immortality, not only them, but alfo fuch, as vnfained-
ly fludy to do the will, and to promote the glory of his heauenly father, in the
themiddeft of this corrupted generation. In confideration whereof ought you, my
Lordes, all delay let apart, to prouide for the reformation of religion in your do-
minion's and boundes, which now is fo corrupt, that no part of Chrifis inlHtution
remaineth in the original purity, and therefore of neceility it is, that fpedely ye
prouide for reformatione, or els ye declare your felues, not only voyde of loue to-
werdes your fubiedes, but alfo to Hue without care of your owne faluation, yea,
without all feare and true reuerence of God. Two thinges perchance may moue
you to eflemethefe hiftories before briuely tuched to appertaine nothing to you.
Fyrft becaufe ye are no lewes but Gentiles: and fecondarely, becaufe you are no
kinges, but nobles in your realm. But be not deceaued, for neither of both can
excufe you in Goddes prefence from doing your duetie, for it is a thing more then
certein, that whatfoeuer God required of the ciuile Magiftrate in IJrael and ludacon-
cernyng the obferuation of true religion during the tyme of the law, the fame doth
he require of lawful! Magiftrates, profeifing Chrilt lefus in the tyme of the Gofpell,
as the Holy Ghofl: hath taught vs by the mouth of Dauid, faying,
Pfal. 2. Be learnedyou that iiidge the earth, kyjfe the fomie, lejl that the Lord waxt
argrie, ani that yee periJJ) Jrom the way.
This admonition did not extend to the ivdges vnder the law only, but doth alfo
include all fuch as be prompted to honours in the tyme of ti e Gofpell, when Chrift
lefus doth reign and feight in his fpirituall kyngdome, whofe ennemies in that
pfalm be fyrft moft Jharply taxed, theyr fury exprefled, and vanity mocked : and
then are kings and iudges, who think themfelues free from all law and obedience,
commaunded to repent theyr former blynd rage, and iudges are charged to be learn-
ed j and laft are all commaunded to ferue the eternall in feare, to reioyce before
hym in tremblyng, to kyfle the fonne, that is, togeue vnto hym inoft humble o-
bedience, whereof it is euident that the rulers, magiftrates and iudges now in
Chriftes kingdome are no lefTe bound to obedience vnto God, then were thofe vnder
the law. And how is it poflible that any fhall be obedient, who difpife_ his religi-
on, in which ft 'ndeth the chefe glorie, that man can geve to God, and is a feruice,
which God efpecially requireth of kings and rulers ? Which thing St. Avgvjline plain-
ly did note, writing to one Fonifacius a man of war, according to the fame argu-
ment and purpofe, which I labour to perfuade your honours. For after that he
hath in that his epiftle declared the difference betwixt the herelie of the DonatiJIs
and Jriaijs, and hath fomewhat fpoken of theyr cruelty, he fheweth the way how
theyr furie ihonld and oght to be reprefTed, and that it is lawfull for the iniuftly
aflflided to fupport and defence at godly Magiftrates. For thus he writeth, ei-
ther miijl the veritie be kept clofe^ Or eh mvjl theyr aiieltie befufieaned.
But
'Xhe Apeilatim of lohn Knoxe. 43^
But if the verity (hould be concealed, not only fhonld none be faued nor delyvcr-
ed by fuch fllence, but alfolhoiilde many be loft through theyr decept. But if by
preachii.g of the verity theyr fury ihould be prouoked more to rage, and by that
meanc!) yet fomme were delyuered, and made ftronge, yet Ihould feare hinder many
weaklings to folowe the verity, iftheyr rage be not ftayed. Inthefefyrlt wordes
Augvjiine Iheweth three reafons, why the affli£ted Church in thofe daits called for
the help of the Emperour and of the godly Magiflrates, againit the fury ot the per-
fecuters. The firft, Tite veritic rnvjl befpoken or ells mankind Jhjll perhh hi errovr. The
fecond, the verity being plainly fpoken, prouoketh the aduerfaries to rage. And
becaufe that feme did alledge that rather we oght to fuffer all injury, then to fcke
fupport by man, he addeth the third rcafon, to wit, that many weak ones be not
able to fuffer perfecution and death for the truthes fake, to whome not the lefTe re-
fpedt oght to be had, that they miy be won from errour, and fo be brought to
greater itrength.
O that the rulers of this age fhould ponder and wey the reafons of this godly
writer, and prouid the remedy, whiih he requyreth in thefe wordes following.
Now vhitt theCbiircb vas ihiis affiiffed^ yfc") thhik^ that rather they shcvld have Juf-
tayved allcaUmitie, then that the belpe of God should haue bene asked by chrijii&n Empe-
rours, be doth vot veil aduert, that ofjiich negligence vo good comptes or reafon could be
geuen. For where fucb, as would that vo ivjt larves should be made againjt theyr impietie
alledge that the Jp; files fight vojiich thitiges of the kinges of the earth, they do net con.
Jider that then the tyme was other then it is now, and that all thinges are done in theyr
owne tyme. If'hat Emperour then believed in Chrift, that should Jerue hym in making
lawes fur godlines againft impietie? Jfbill yet that Jaying of the prophet was complete, why
hath nations raged, and people haue imagined vanity ? the kinges of the earth haue
ftaiid vp, and princes haue conuented together againfl: the Lord, and againft his
annoynted, Thut which is after Jaid in the fame pfalme, was not yet comme to pajfe.
And now vnderftand, O you kinges, be learned you that iudge the earth, lerue tha
Lord in fear, andreioyce to hym with tremlinge. How do kings Jerue the Lord in
fear ? but in punUhing and by a godlie feueritie forbidding thoje thinges which are
done againjt the commavndement of the Lord, For otherwife doth he ferve in fo far as he
is man^ otherwife in fo far as he is king. Info far as he is man, hejerueth hym by liuiug
faithfully, but becaufe he is alfo king, beferueth eftablishivg lawes, that commaund the
thinges that be ivft, and that with a convenient rigour forbyd thinges contrarie. As Ezechi-
as jerved, iiftroying the groucs, the temples of idols, and the places, which were buyld-
ed againft Goddes cov.maundement. So ferucd alfo lofias doi7ig the fame : fo jerued the
king oj iii'mmits' compelling the hole citie to mitigate the herd : fo ferued Darius giuing
in thepowev of Daniel the idol to be broken, and his enemies to be caft to the lions : fo
ferued Nabuchadnezer, Z^)! a terrible law, forbidding all that were in his realme to
blafphcme God. Herein therefore do kinges feruc the Lord, in fo Jar as they are kinges
when they do thoJe things toferue him, which none except kings be able to do. He further
■procedetb and conchdeth, that as, when wicked kings do reign, itnpietie cannot be bridled
by lawes, but rather is tyrannie exercifed vnderthe title of the fame, fojsita thing with-
out all reafon, that kinges prof efing the knoledge and honour of G'-d, should not regardnor
care, who did defend., nor who did oppvgne the Church of God in theyr dominions.
By thefe wordes of this auncient and godly writer, your Honours may perceiue
what I require of >ou, to wit, to repreffe the tyranny of your bylho^pes, and to
defend the innocents profeiiing the trueth. He did require of the emperour and
kings of his daies profeffing Chrift, and manifeftly concludeth, that they cannot
ferue Chrift, except that fo they do. Lex not your bylhoppes think that Augujline
Ipeaketh for them, becaufe he nameth the Church. Let them read and vnderftand
that Auguftin (writeth for that Church, which profeffeth the trueth, and doth fuffer
perfecution for the defence of the fame, which your byfhoppes do not, but rather
with the Donatiftes and Arrians, do cruelly perfecute all fuch, as boldly fpeak
Chriftes eternall veritie to manifcft theyr impie:y and abomination. But thus much
we haue of .-^Hgn/iiw-f, that it apperfaineth to the obedience and feruice, which
kinges owe to God, as well now in the tyme of the Gofpell, as before vnder the
law, to defende the afflicted for matters of religion, and to repreiTe the furie of the
S i f f f 2 perfecuters
430 The Appellation of lohll Knoxe.
perfecuters, by the rigour and feuerity of godly lawes. For which caufe, no doubt,
doth Efaie the prophete fay, that hvgesJJmdd be iwnrif/ies to the Church cj God, that
theyfiould abbaje their heades, and louhigh embrace the children of God. And thus I
fay your Honours rmy euidently fee, that the fame obedience doth God require of
rulers and princes in the tyme of the Gofpell, that he required in the tyme of the
law.
Yf you do think, that the reformation of religion, and defence of the afflifled,
doth not appertaine to you, becaufe you are no kings, but nobils and eftates of a
realme j in two things you are deceaued. Former, In that you do not aduert, that
Dauid requireth afwell, that the princes and iudges of the earth be learned, and
that they feme and fear God, as that he requireth, that the kings repent. Yf you
therefore be iudges and princes, as no man can deny you to be, then by the playn
words of Dauid, you are charged to be learned, to ferue and feat God, which ye
cannot do, if you defpife the reformation of his religion. And thys is your fyrft
errour. The fecond is, That ye neither know your dutie, which ye owe to God,
neither yet your authoritie, which of hym ye haue receaued; yf ye for pleafure or
fear of any earthly man, defpife God's true religion, and contemneyour brethren,
that in his name call for your fupport. Your dutie is to hear the voyce of the eter-
nall your God, and vnfainedly to ftudie to follow his preceptes ; who, as is before
faid, of efpeciall mercie hath promoted you to honours and dignitie. His chefe and
principall precept is, That with reuerence ye receaue and embrace his only beloued
fonne lefus -, that ye promote, to the vttermoft of your powers, his true religion;
and that ye defend your brethren and fubiedes, whome he hath put vnder your
charge and care. Now if your king be a man ignorant of God, ennemie to his
true religion, blinded by fuperftition, and a perlecuter of Chrifles membres ; fhall
ye be excufed, if with filence ye paffe ouer his iniquitie ? Be not deceaued, my
Lordes, ye are placed in authoritie for an other purpofe, then to flatter your king
in his folie and blind rage ; to wit, that as with your bodies, ftrengfh, riches,
and wifdome, ye are bound to affift and defend him in all things, which by your
aduice he (hall take in hand, for God s glorie, and for the preleruatlon of his com-
mune-welth and fubiecles ; fo by your grauities, counfil and admonition, ye are
bound to corred and reprelfe whatfoeuer ye know him to attempt, eiprefly repug-
ning to God's word, honour and glorie, or what ye fhall efpie him to do, be it by
ignorance, or be it by malice, againft his fubie£tes great or fmall. Of which laft
part of yeur obedience, yf ye defraud your king, ye commit agaiafthimno lefle
treafon, then yf ye did extrad from him your due and promifed fupport, what
time by his ennemies iniuftly he werpurfued. But this part of their dutie, I fear,
do a fmall number of the nobilitie of this age rightly confider -, neither yet will
they vnderftand, that for that purpofe hath God promoted them. For now the
commune fong of all men is. We muft obey our kinges be they good, or be they
bad •, for God hath fo commaunded. But horrible (hall the vengeance be, that (hall
be powred fiirth vpon fuch blafphemers of God his holie name and ordinaunce. For
it is no lefTe blafphemie to fay. That God hath commaunded kinges to be obeyed,
when they commaund impietie, then to fay, that God by his precept is audout
and mentainer of all iniquitie. True it is, God hath commaunded kinges to beo-
beyed, but like true it is, that in things, which they commit againft his glorie, or
when cruelly without caufe they rage againft their brethren, the members of Chriftes
body, he hath commaunded no obedence, but rather he hath approued, yea and
greatly rewarded fuch, as haue opponed themfelues to their vngodlie commaunde-
mentps and blind rage, as in the examples of the three children, of Daniel and Ab-
demelech, it is euident. The three children wold nether bowe nor ftoupe before the
golden image at the commaundement of the great king Nebtichadevazar, Daniel did
openly pray,his windoes being open,againft the eftablifhed law of Darius and of his
connfil ; And Abdemelech feared not to enter in before the prefence oiZedechias, and
boldlie to defend the caufe and innocentie of leremie the prophet, whome the king
and his counfil had condemned to dethe. Euery one of thefe fades fhould this day
be iudged foolifhe by fuch, as will not underftand what confefEon God doth requii?e
of his children, when his veiitie is oppugned, or his gloiie called in doubt. Suche
men,
The Apellatwn of lohn Knoxe. ^.4.1
men, I fay, as prefer man to God, and thinges prefcnt to the heauenlie inheritannce
IhoulJ haue iiidgcd euerie one of thefe fades ftiibburn inobcdience, foolifheprefumn-
tion and fingularitie, orelles bold controlliiigeof the king and his' wife counlil. Hut
how acceptable in God's prefence was this refiltanceto the vngodlie romn;anndemenf es
and determinations of theyr king, the end did witncs. For the three children were
deliiiered from the fbrnace of iyer, and Dwitl from the den of lions, to the con-
fufion of their ennemies, to the better inftruflion of the ignorant kinges and to
the perpetual! comfort of Goddes afflifted children. And Abdimekch, in the day of
theLordes vifitation, when the king and his coiinfil did drink the bitter cup of
Codes vengeance, did fynde his life tor a praye, and did not fall in the edge ot the
fword, when manie thoufandes did perilhe. And this was fignified vnto him by
the prophet himfelf, at the commaundement of God, before that Icrufakm was de-
ftroyed. Ihe promefle and caufe were recited vnto him in thefe wordes, In-ill bring
my vordes vpon this citie vnto eaill, and not vnto good : but mofl ajfuredly IfiaU ddiuer
thee, becauj'e thou haft trujiedin me, faieth the Lord. The truit and hope, which Ab-
demehxh hid in God, made him bold tooppone himfelf, being but one,' to the king
and his hole counfill,vyho had condemned to death the Prophet, whom h'is confcience
didacknolledge to be innocent. For this did hefpeak in the prefence of the king fit-
ting in the port o^Bemamin. My Lord the kinge, lateth Abdemelech^fhefe men do wickedly
in all thinges, that they haue done to lerejnie the prophet. Aduert and take hede my Lordes
that the men,who had condemned the Prophet,were the king, his princes and counfilj'
and yet did one man accufe them all ofiniquitie, and did boldly fpeak in the defend
of him, of whofe innocentie he wasperfuaded. And the f;une,I fay,is the deutie ofeiie-
xy man in his vocation,but chefely of thenobilitie,whichis ioyned with their kinges
tobrideland reprefle their loiie and blind rage. Which thing if the nobilitie do not*
neither yet labour to do,as they are traitoursto their kinges ^fo do they prouoke the'
wrath of God againft themfelu s,and againft the realme, in which they abufetheau-
ftority which they haue receaued of God, to mentaine vertue and to repielle vice.
For hereot I would your Honours were moft certainly perfuaded, that God will nei-
ther excufe nobilitie nor people, but the nobilitie lead of all, that obey and follow
their kinges in manifeft iniquitie ^ but with the fame vengeance will Godpunifhthe
Prince, i-eople and nobilitie confpiring togither againft him and his holie ordinances •
as in the punifhment taken vpon PAarao, Ifrael, I«ia and Babylon h euidently to be'
fene. For Pharao was not drowned alone, but his caprayns, charetes and great ar-
mie drank the fame cup with him. The kinges of Ijrael and luda were not punilh-
ed without (ompany ; but with them were murthered the counfillers, their Princes
imprifoned, and their people led captiue. And why ? becaufe none was found fo
faithful to God, thathedurft interprife torefift nor againftand the manifeft impie-
tie of their Princes. And therefore was God's wrath powered furih vpon the one
and the other. But the more ample difcource of this argument, 1 deffer to better op-
portunitie : Only at this time,I thoght expedient to admonifti you,that before God it
Ihall not excufe you to ailed ge, We are no kinges, and therefore neither can we re-
forme religion, nor yet defend luch asbeperfecuted. Confider, my Lordts, thatye
are powers ordained by God (asbefor. is declared) and therefore doth the reforma-
tion of religion, and the defence of fuch, asiniuftly are opprefTed, appertaine to your
charge and care, which thing fhall the law of God, vniueifally geiun to be kept of
all men, moft euidently declare ; which is my laft and moft aftured reafon, why, I
fay, ye oght toremoue from honours, and to punifh with death fuch, as God hath
condemned by his own mouth. After that Mofes had declared what was true reli-
gion,towit,to honour God as he commaunded,a</^% nothing to hit vorde, neither yet de-
inivishinge ary thing from it ; and after alfo that vehementlie he had exhorted the fame
law to be obferued, hedenounceththe punifhment againft the trangrefTours, in thefe
words. 2/ thy broiler, fonve, dof.hter, wijerr neighbour, vrhtm thcv Icvrjt as tlyre cb-h
'(/^ folicitate theefecretly, Jayivg^Let vsgojcrue ether goddes, vrhv.e neither thcti^vcr thy
fathers have knomn, covjent not to h)in, kt^r hym vet., let net th)ve eye [fare bym^ shew
bym no itidvlgevtie or favour, hid him rot, but vtttrlyhUhn.^ let thy bardbefitjitfon
hym, that he may be Jlaine, and ajter the harde of the hole people ^ Of thefe wordes
tiMoJes aie two ihifcgs, apfeilesnirg to our purpofe, to be noted. Icrmer, That
T t t I t fuch
442 The Appellation o/Iohn Knoxe.
fuch as felicitate only to idolatrie, oght to be puniflied to death, without fauour
orrefpeft of perfons. For he that will not fuffer man to fpare his fonne, liis daugh-
ter nor his wife, but ftraitly commaundeth punilhment to be taken vpon the ido-
doiatours ( haue they neuer fo nie coniunftion with us ) will not v^ink at the ido-
latrie of others, of what eftate or condition fo euer they be.
It is not vnknowen, That the prophetes had reuelations of God, which were not
commune to the people j as Samuel had the reuelation, that Eli and his pofteritie
Ihould be deftroyed •, that 5<ijiZ{hould firft be king, and thereafter that he Ihould be
reieaed, that Tiaind fhould reign for him. JUkheas vnderftode by vifion, that A-
cbab ihould be killed in battaile againft the Sirians. Elias faw that dogges Ihould
eat Lfabel in the fortres of lefrael Elifeus did fee hunger come vpon Ifrael by the
Ipace of feuen yeares. hretnie did forefee the deftru£lion of lerufalem, and the time
of their captiuitie j and fodiuerfe other prophetes had diuerfe reuelations of God,
which the people did not otherwife vnderftand, but by their affirmation ; and there-
fore in thofe dayes the Prophetes named Seears, becaufe that God did open vnto them
that which was hid from the multitude. Now if anie man might haue claimed anie
priuiledge from the rigour of the law, or might haue iuftified his faft, it ftiould haue
bene th Prophete. For he might haue alledged for himfelf his Angular prerogatiue,
that he had aboue other men, to haue Godes will reaueled vnto him by viiion or by
dream or that God had declared particularelie vnto him, that his pleafure was to
be honoured in that mener, in fuch a place, and by fiich meanes. But all fuch ex-
cufes doth God remoue, commaunding that the Prophete, that ftiall folicite the people
to ferue ftrange godes, Ihall die the death,notwithftandiiTg that he alledge for him-
felf dream, vifion or reuelation. Yea althogh he promif^ miracles, and alfo that
fuch thinges as he promifeth come to pafTe ; yet I fay, commaundeth God, that no
credit be geuen to him, but that he die the death -, becaufe he teacheth apoftalie, and
defeftion from God. Hereof your Honours may eafily efpie, that none prouocking
the people to idolatrie oght to be exempted from the puniftiment of death. For if
neither that infeparable coniunftion, which God himfelf hath fandtified betwixt
man and wife, neither that vnfpeakeble loue grafted in nature, which is betwixt the
father and the fonne, neither yet that reuerence, which Godes people oght to bear
to the Prophetes, can excufe anie man to fpare the offendour, or to conceal his of-
fence; what excufe can man pretend, which God will accept? Euident it is, that;
noeflate, conditionnorhonour can exempt the idolatour from the handesofGod,
whenhe ftiall call him toaccomptes, orfhall inflift punilhment vpon him for his
offence : How (hall it then excufe the people, that they according to Godes com-
maundement punifh not to death fuch, as fhall folicitate,or violentlie draw the peo-
ple to idolatrie ? And this is the lyrft, which I would your Honours should note,
of the former wordes ; to wit. That no perfon is exemted from punishment, if he
can be manifeftly conuidled to haue prouoked, or led the people to idolatrie. And
this is moft euidentlie declared in that folemned othe and couenante, which Jfa-
made with the people to ferue God, and to mentaine his religion, adding this penal-
tie to the tranfgrefTours of it, to wit. That Tpbofoeuer fliould tiot feke the Lord God of
Jfrael, tbould be killed; were he great, or were he fmall, were it man, or were it wo-
man. And of this othe was the Lorde compleafed, he was found of them, and gaue
them reft on eueri* parte, becaufe they foght him with their hole heart, and did
fwear to punishe the offenders according to the precept of his Law, without refpeO:
of perfons. And this is it, which, I fay, I would your Honours should note for the
fyrft, that no idolatour can be exempted from punishment by Godes Law. The
feconde is,That the punishment of fuch crimes,as are idolatrie, blafphemie, and others,
that tuche the maieftie of God, dothe not appertaine to kinges and chefe rulers on-
ly, but alfo to the hole bodie of that people, and to euerie membre of the fame, ac-
coidingto the vocation of euerie man, and according to that poflibility andoccafi-
on, which Gnd dnfh minifter to reuenge the iniurie done againft his glorie, what
time that impietie is menifeftly knowen. And that doth Mofes more plainely fpeak
in thefe wordes, Tfin any of thy ceties, faieth he. rvhicb the Lord thy Godgeveth vvto the
to dwell iv thejn, thou shall hear this brute, There arefovie men thefonnes of Belial pajfei
furthe from thte^ and haue folicited the citixew of their cities by thefe wordes^ Letvsgo
and
'Ihe Apcilaiioii of lohn Knoxe. 4^3
and fiTiie Jbrjvgc godJes, which ychaue vet hioweti ; fe.ncb and enquire diligently ^ and if
it be true, that fuch abomination it done in the middejl of thee, thou fh At vttcrly Jhyke
the inhabitants oj that citie with the Jipcrde, thou /halt defray it and vhatfoeuer is within
it, thou jh^t gather the fpoile of it in the middejl of the market [ihce, tbovjhalt burns
that citie witbfier, and the fpoile of it to the Lord thy God, that it may be a heap (fjicncs
for euer, neither shall it be any more buylded. Let nothing of that ex oration cleaue to thy
band, that the Lcrd may turne from the furie of bis wrath^ and be moned towerdei thee
with inward affeHion.
Plaine it is that Mofes fpeaketh, nor geueth not charge to kinges, rulers and iiid-
ges only, but he cominaundeth the hole bodie of the people, yea and euerie mem-
bra of the fame, according to their polfibilitie .- And who dar be fo impudent, as
to denie this to be moft reafonable and iult > For feiiip that God had delyuered
the hole bodie from bondage, and to the hole multitude had geucn his law, and to
the twelue tribes had he alfo diftributed the inheritance of the luod of Canaan, th.it.
no familie could complaine, that it was negleQed. U'as not the hole and euerie
membre addetted to confelTe and acknolledge the benefitesof God> yea h^d it not
bene the part of euery man to haue ftudied to kepe the poflTtllion, which he had
receaued? which thing God did plainely pronounce they Ihould not do, except
that in their heartes they did fanitifie the Lord God, that they embia(ed,and inuio-
lably kept his religion eltablilhed. And finally, Except that they did cut our ini-
quitie from amongeft them, declaring themfelues earnell ennemies to thofe ajjomi-
nations, • hich God declared himfelf fo vehemenJy to hate, that fyrft he com-
maunded the hole inhabitants of that countree to be deftroyed, and all monuments
of their idolatrie to be broken dounj and thereafter he alfo Itreatly commaundeth,
that a citie declining to idolatrie Ihould fall in the edge of the fworde, and that
the hole fpoile of the fame Ihould be burned, no portion of it refetued. To the
carnall man this may appear a rigorous and feuere iudgemenr, yea it may rather
feme to be pronounced in a rage, then in wifdome. For what citie was euer yer,
in which, tomannes iudgement, were not to be found manic innocent perfons, as
infants, children, and (omme fimple and ignorant foules, who neither did nor
could confent to fuch impietie? And yet we fynd no exception, but all are appoint-
ed to the cruell death. And as concerning the citie, and the fpoile of the fame,
mannes reafon cannot think, but that it might haue bene better beftowed, then to
beconfumed with fier, and fo to profit no man. But in fuch cafes, will God that
all creatures ftoupe, couer their faces, and defift from reafoning, when commaunde-
ment is geuen to execute his iudgement. Albeit I could adduce diuerfecaufes of fuch
feueritie, yet will I fearch none other then the Holie Ghoft hath affigned. Fyrft^
That all Ifrael hearing the iudgement, fliould fear to commit the like abomination.
And fecondarely. That the Lord might turne from the turie of his anger, might be
moued towerds the people with inward affedion, be mercifull vnto them, and mul-
tiplie them, according to his othe made vnto their fi'hers. Which reafons, as they
are fufficient in Codes children, to correQ the murmuring of the grudging iielhe j
fo oght they to prouoke euery man, as before I haue faid, to declare himfelfe enne-
mie to that, which fo highly prouoketh the wrath of God againft the hole people.
For where Jlofes faieth, Let the citie be burned, and let no part of the fpoile cleaue to
thy band, that the Lord may return from the furie of his wrath. Sec.
He plainely doth fignifie, that by the defeQion and idolatrie of a few, Codes
wrath iskj'ndled againft the hole, which isneuer quenched till fuch punifhement be
taken vpon the offenders; that whatfoeuer (erued them in their idolatrie, be broght
to de(lru6lion j becaufe that it is execrable and accurfed before God : And therefore
he will not, that it be referued for any vfe of his people. I am not ignorant, that
this law was not put in execution, as God commaunded. But what did thereof
infue and follow, hiftories declare; to wit, plage after plage, till Jfrael and luda
were led in captiuitie, as the bckes of kings do witnefle. The conflderation where-
of maketh me more bold to affirm. That it is the duetie of euery man, that lift to
efcape the plage and punifhement of God, to declare himfelfe ennemie to idolatrie,
not only in heart, hating the fame, but alfo in external geflure, declaring that he
lamenteth, yf he can do no more, for fuch abominations. Which thing was fhewed
T t t t t 2 to
The Appellation of lohn Knoxe.
to the prophete£zsc/;fe7, what tyme he haue him to ynderftand,why he would deftroy
hda. with ^KdffZ; and that he would remoue his gloriefrom the temple and place that
he had chofen, and fo powr furth his wrath and indignation vpon the citle, that was
full of blood and apoftafie, which became fo inpudent,that it durft behold to fay,
thi Lord hath left the earth, andfeeth not. At this tyme, I fay,the Lord reuealed in
viflon to his prophete, who they were, that fhould fynd fauour in that miferable
deftru£tlon j to wit, thofe that did mourn and lament for all the abominations done
in the citie in whofe foreheades God did commaund to print and feal Tau^ to the
end that the dettroyer, who was commaunded to ftryke the reft without mercie,
Ihouldnot hurt them, in whom that ligne was found. Of thefe premifTes, I fup-
pofe it be enident, that the punifhment of idolatrie doth not appertaineto kinges
only, but alfo to the hole people, yea to euery membre of the fame, according to
his poffibilitie. For that is a thing moft allured, that no man can mourn, lament
and bewaile for thofe thinges, which he will not remoue to the vtternioft of his power,
yf this be required of the hole people, and of euery man in his vocation, what (hall
be required of you, my Lordes, whom God hath raifed vp to be Princes and rulers
aboue your brethren, whofe handes he hath armed, with the fword of his iuftice ?
yea whom he hath appointed to be as bridels, to reprelTe the rage and infolencie of
your kinges, when foeuer they pretend manifeftly to tranfgreffe Gode^ blefled ordi-
nance!' Yf any think that this my affirmation, tuching the punilhement of idola-
ters be contrarie to the praStife of the Apoftles, who fynding the Gentiles in ido-
latrie did call them to repentance, requiring no fuch punifhment j let the fame man
vnderftand, that the Gentiles, before the preaching of Chrift, liued, as the Apoftle
fpeaketh, without Goi in the world, drowned in idolatrie, according to the blindnes
and ignorance, in which then they were holden, as a prophane nation, whom God
had neuer openly auowed to be his people, had neuer receaued in his houlhold, nei-
ther geuen vnto them lawes to be kept in religion nor politic : And therefore did
not his Holie Ghoft, callirig them to repentance, require of them anie corporall pu-
niihment, according to the rigour of the law, vnto the which they were neuer fub-
iefls, as they that were flrangers from the commune-welth of l[rael. But if any
think, that after that the Gentiles were called from thjir vaineconuerfation, and by
embracing Chrift lefus were receaued in the nombre of Abraham's children, and fo
made one people with the lewes beleuing ; yf any think, I fay, that then they were
not bound to the fame ob dience, which God required of his people Ifrael, what
tyme he confirmed his leage and couenante with them ^ the fame man appeareth to
make Chrift inferiour to Mofes, and contrarious to the law of his heauenly father^
For if the contempt or rranfgrefrionof-(^/''yiHaw was worthieof death, what should
we iudge the contempt of Chriftes ordinance to be f" (I mean after they be once re-
ceaued. ) And if Chrift be not commed to difTolue, but to fulfill the law of his hea-
uenly Father :, shall the libertie of his goipel be an occafion, that the efpeciall
glorie of his Father be troden vnder foote, and regarded of no man ? God forbid.
The efpecial glorie of God is, that fuch as profefTe them to be his people, should
harken to his voice ; and amongeft all the voices of God reuealed to the worlde,
tuching punishement of vices, is none more euident, neither more feuere, then is thaC
which is pronounced againft idolatrie, the teachers and mentainers of the fame.
And therefore I fear not to affirm. That the Gentiles ( I mean euery citie, realme,
prouince, or nation amongeft the Gentiles, embrafTng Chrift lefus and his true re-
ligion ) be bound to the fame leage and couenant, that God made with his people
Ifrael, what tyme he promifed to root owt the nations before them, in thefe wordes.
Beware that thou make anie couenante with the iiihabitantes of the land, to the which thou
commeH, lejle perchance that this cotnme in ruin, that fi, be deJlruSion to the : But thou
fialt deftroy their altars, break their idols, ajid cut doime their groves. Fear no flrange
goddes, worship theyrniot, neither yet make you facrifces to them. But the Lord, rvho in
hisgre.n power, and owjlr etched arme hath broght you owt of the land of Egypt, shall you
fear^ hym shall you honour, hym fhall you worflAp, to hymf/jallyou make facrifice, his Uatutes^
iiidgements, laves and commandements you shall kepe and obferue. This is the couenante^
iphigh I haue made with yoiijaietb the Eternall ; forget h not^ mt^er yet fear ye other
goddes:
The JpelLition of lohn Knoxe. 44.5
goJJes : ButfeJT yo» thiLoriyour God, aiid be ihall ddiuer youjiom the hands cj allytiir
cniiem'tcs.
To this faire law, I fay, and coucrante are ihe Gmfihs no Icfle bcur.de, then
fomtyme ivere the/tnvj, whtnfceuer God doth illiminaie ihe eytsotany n:iilti»ude,
prouince, people or citie, and j-uttcth the fworde in their own hai.d lo remcue fuch
ejiormiries from am 'nseft fhim, as before God they know to he abominable. Then
1 fay, are tiiey no Jc.le bound to purge theyr dominions, cities and countries frcm i-
dolatrie, then wer the Ifradites, what tynie thay receaued the j r /TtlLon cA' the land
of Caiijjjt. And moreoner I (ay, it any go about to ertdl and fet i;p idrlatrie or to
teadi deteiElion from God, alter that the veritie hath bene receaued and approncd that
theii not only the MagiUrates, to whom the fword is committed, bur alio the people
are bound by that oth, which they haue made to God, to reucnge to the vttermoft
of their power the injurie done againlt his Maieftie. In vniuerfil dcteflions, and
in n general reuolr, fuch as was in Ijrael after Icrr.kwn, there is a diuerfeconllde-
ration. For then becanfe the hole people weretogither confpiredauainit Gi d, there
could none be found, that would execute ihepuniil.menr, wliicIiGod hadcomniaiin-
deJ, till God railed vp Aii/, whom he had apoinred lor that purpole. And the
fame is to be conlidered in all other general dettclicns, fuch as this day be in the
papiftry, where all arc blinded, and ail are declined from God and that of long
continuance, f^ that no ordinary iuftice can be executed, tut the punilhment mtilt
be referued to God and vnto fuch means, as he Ihall ajioint. But I do (peak of
fuch anoinbre, as after they haue receaued Goddes per K ft religion, do boldly pro-
fefTe the fame, notwithftanding that fome or the molt part jal back: (as of late
dates was in EvgJavd) vnto fuch a nombre, I fay, it is Jijufull to punilh the ido-
latours with death, if by anie means God glue them the power. For fo did hjiia
and ffrjel determin to hai'.e done againft the children of Rnkn^ G^d and Mavaf:s
fox their fufpeftcd apoltalie and detection from God. And the hole tribes did in
uery deid execute that Iharp judgment againit the tribe of Eeviamin for a leHe of-
fence then tor idola.rie. And the fame ought to be done whcrfbcuer Chrift lefus
and hisEuangill is fo receaued in any realm, prouince or cifie, that the Magift rates
and people haue foletnnly auowed and promiled to defend the fame, as vndtr king
Edward oi late days was done in i:w^/a>;^. In fuch places, I fay, it is not only
lawful to punilh to the death fuch as labour to fubuert the true religion but the
magiftrates and people are bound fo to do, onles thev wil piouoke the 'wrath of
God againft themfelues. And therfore 1 fear not to afKrm, that it had bene the
duty of the nobilitie, iudges, rulers, and people ot Evglavd not only to haue refift-
ed and againftanded J/ar/tf that /^/i^d, whom they call their queue, but alfo to
haue punilhed her to the death with all the fort of her idolafroi^s preftes, together
with all fuch, as fhould haue allifted her, what tynie that Ihe and they openly
began to fuprelTeChriftisEuangil, to lliedd the blood of the fn'ncts of God, and to
eredthat moft diuellifli idolatrie, the papiitical abominations, and his vfurped ty-
rannie, which ones tnoft juftly by commune oth was banilhtd from ffat realme.
But becaus I cannot at this prefent difcufle this argument, as it apperteiiieth, 1 am'
compelled to omitt it to better opportunitie, and fo returning to your honours, I
fay, that if ye conftfTe your felues baptifed in the I ord lefus, of necejfitie ye muft
confelTe, that the care of his religion doth aperiain to your charge. And if ye
know that inyourhandis God hath put the fword for the caufes atoue exprefled
then can ye not denie, but that the punifhment of obftinate and malepert idolat-
ours (fuch as all your bilhopes be) doth apertain to your cflice, yf after adinoniti-
on they continew obftinat I : m not ignorant, what be the vain defenfes of your
proud prelates. They claim firft a prerogatiue and priuikdge, that they are exemp-
ted, and that by confent ot Councils and Empeiours from all iiirild dtion ot the
temporaltie. And Jecovdarely, when they are conuidcd of iraniftft impieties, a-
bufes, and enormities afwell in their maners as in religion, reithes fear nor fh'ame
they to affirm, that thinges fo long ei^ablifhed cannot fuddanly be reformed, al-
thcgh they be corrupted, but with prccffle cf fyn e they prcmifTe to take order.
But in few wordes I anfwer, that no priuilege graunted againfl the ordenance and
flatutesof God is to be obferued, althrgh all councils and n:en in the earth fane
U u u u u apoint
44- <^ The Apfellation o/Iohn Knoxe.
apointed the fame. Bat againft Goddes ordenance it is, that idolatours, murther-
ours, fals teachers, and blafphemers Ihall be exempted from punilhment, as before
is declared, and therefore in vain it is, that they claym for priuilege, when that
God fayeth, The murtherer ilialt thou riue from my altar, that he may die the
death. And as to the order and reformation, which they promifTe, ti.at is to be
loked or hoped for, when Satan, whofe children and flaues they are, can change
his nature. This anfwer I doubt not Ihall fuffice the fober and godlie reader.
But yet to the end that they may further fee their own confufion, and that your
honours may better vnderftand, what ye oght to do in fo manifeft a corruption
and defeftion from God, I aske of themfelues, what afliirance they haue for this
their immunitie, exemption or priuiledge? who is the auftour of it ? and what
frute it hath produced? And/r/t, I fay that of God they haue no affurance, nei-
ther yet can he be proued to be auStour of anie fuch priuiledge. But the contrarie
is eafie to be feen. For God in eftablilliing his orders in Ifrael did fo fubiedl Aaron
(in hispriefthode being the figure of Chrift) to jlfq/ei, that he feared not to call
him in iudgment, and to conftrain him to giue accomptes of his wicked dede in
confenting to idolatrie, as the hiftorie doth plainly witneiTe. For thus it is writ-
ten Then Mofes toke the calf which they had made, avd burned it with fier, and did,
grind it to powder, and fcatterivg it in the water, gaue it to drink to the children of I-
frael, declaring hereby the vanitie of their idol and the abomination of the fame:
And thereafter Mofes faid to Aaron, Vhat hath this people done to the, that thou
shouldeft bring vpon itfo great a fyn ?
Thus I fay, doth Mofes call and accufe Aaron of the deftruflion of the hole peo-
ple, and yet he perfe£lly vnderftode, that God had apointed him to be the high
preift, that he fhould bear vpon his fhoulders and vpon his breaft the names of the
12. tribes of //r«/, for whome he was appointed to make facrifire, praiers, and
fiipplications. He knew his dignitie was fo great, that only he might entre within
the moft holie place: but neither could his office nor dignitie exempt him from
iudgment, when he had offended. Yf any obieSt, Aaron at that tyme was not a-
nointed, and therefore was he fubiedt to Mofes •, I haue anfwered, that Mofes being
taught by the mouth of God, did perfedtly vnderftand to what dignitie Aaron was
apointed, and yet he feared not to call him in iudgment, and to compell him to
make anfwer for his wicked faft. But if this anfvver doth not fuffice, yet Ihall the
Holie Ghoft witnefTe further in the mater. Salomon remoued from honour Abiathar
being the high preift, and commannded him to ceafe from all function, and to Hue
as a priuate man* Now if the undion did exempt the preift from iurifdi£lion of
the ciuile Magiftrate, Salomon did offend and iniured Abiathar ; for he was anoynt-
ed, and had caried the ark before Dauid., but God doth not reproue the fad oif^ti-
lomon,, neither yet doth Abiathar claime anie prerogatiue by the reafon of his office,
but rather doth the Holie Ghoft approue the faQ oiSalotnon, fayinge, Salomon eieB-
edfiirth Abiathar, that hefiould not be the preefi of the Lord, that the word of the
Lord might be perfurmed, which hejpale vpon the houfe of Eli.
And Abiathar did think that he obtained great fauour, in that he did efcape the
prefent death, which by his confpiracie he had deferued. Yf anie yet reafon, that
Abiathar was no otherwife fubie£t to the iudgment of the king, but as he was ap-
pointed to be the executor of that fentence, which God before had pronounced ; as I
will not greatly deny that reafon, fo require I that euerie man confider, that the
fame God, who pronounced fentence againft Bli and his houfe, hath pronounced al-
fo that idolaters, hooremonsers, murtherers, and blafphemers, fhall neither haue
portion in the kingdome of God, neither oght to be permitted to bear anie rule iri
his church and congregation. Now if the vn£lion and office faued not Abiathar^
becaufe that Godd s fentence muft nedes be perfurmed, can anie priuiledge graunted
by man be a burkler to malefadours, that they ffiall not be fubieft to the punifh-
mentes pronounced by Gnd? I think no man will be fo foolilhe as fo to affirm ;
for a thing more then euident it is, that the hole preifthode in the tyme of the law
was bound to giue obedience to the ciuile powers ; and if anie membre of the fame
was founde criminal, the fame was fubied to the punifhment of the fworde, which
God had put in the hand of the Magiftrate. And this ordenance of his father did
not
^£he Apella.ion of lohn Knoxe. 44.7
I
not Chrilldifannl, but ra'.?ier did confirme the fame, cominaunding tribute to b*
"aycd i'or hymfelfe and for Piter ., who perfeflly kno.ving tlie myud of his mai'
:er, thus writeth in his epiftle. Submit yur felucs to all mjver of ordetiavce of man,
Chs eicepteth fuch as be esprdFely repugnyng to Goddes coiiiinaundment) for the
Lot des Jake' whether it he to Ling, as to the che/e head, or vttto rulers, at v»to them that
are ftnt by bytn for puvifment of eviU doers, avd for the prjije of tbsm that dj
veil.
The fame doth the apoftle fiintRiw/s moft plainely commaund in thefc wordes
Let euerie foule befubjccl to the fuperiour powers.
Which places make euident, That neither Chrift, neither his apoftles.hath geuen
any afTurance of this iminunitie and priuiledge which men of church (as they wil
be termed) do this day claime. Yea it was a thing viiknowen to the primitiue
churche many yeares after the daies of the apoflles; For Chryfojlome, who feriied
in the churche at Conjlmtinople foure hundreth years after Chriftes afcenfion, and
after that corruption wac greatlic increafed, doth yet thus write vpon the forfayd
wordes of the apoftle, This precept^ faieth he, doth yot appertjine to fuch i^s be caUed
feculars ovlie^ but even to thofe that be preeftees avd religious men : And after he ad-
derh. Whether thou be apnftle, euangelijt^ prophete, or wbofoeuer thou be, thou canjt
not be exev:ptcd frcm this fubieHiov.
Hereof it is playn that Chryfojtome did not vnderftand that God had eiemprcd
any perfon from obedience and fubiedion of the ciuile power, neither yet that he
was audour of fuch eiemption and priuiledge, as papiftes do this day claime.
And the fame was the Judgment and vniforme doctrine of the primatiue churche
many yeares after Chrifte Your honours do wonder, I doubt not, from what
fontaine then did this theyr immunitie, as they terme it, and fingular priuilege
fpring j I fliall Ihortly tuch that, which is euident in their own law and hiftories.
When the byfhopes cf Rome, the verie antichrifts had partly by fraud, and partly
by violence vTurped the fuperioritie of fome places in Italie^ and moll iniuftly had
ijjoiled the Emperours of their rentes and poflellions, and had aifo murthered foni
of the' r officers, as hiftories do witneffe, then began Pope after Pope to pradtife and
deuife, how they fliould be exempted from iudgment of Princes and from the equi-
tie of lawes, and in this poynt they were mofl vigilant, till at length iniquitie
did fo preuaile in theyr handes, according as DjwV/ had before prophefied of them,
that this fentence was jironounced, Neither by the emperour, veither by the clergie,
neither yet by the people fluU the iudge be iudged. God will, faieth Symmachus, that
the caujes oj others be determined by men, but without all quellion he bath referued the
Byshr.p of this feat, vnderftanding Rome, to bis own iudgment.
And hereof diuerfe popes, and expofitours of their lawes would feme to geue
reafons. For faieth .'igatbo. All the preceptes of the apoUolik feat are ajfured, as by
the voice of God himfelf.
The aQour of the glofe vpon their canon afSrmeth, that if all the world Ihould
pronounce fentence againft the pope, yet fhould his fentence preuaile. For, faieth
he, the Pope hath a heauenlie will, and therefore he miy chauvge the nature of thivges,
he may apply thefubRance of one thing to another, and of nothing he may makefomewbat,
and that fentence', which was nothing (that is) hy his inyvd jals and inivUe, he may make
fomewhat that is true and iuH. For, faieth he in aU thinges that pleafe bym his will k
for reafon ; r.nthcr is there any man that may ajke of hym, Jf'hy doeU thou fo? For he
may difpens aboue the law, and ofiniuHice he may make iuHice ; for be hath the fulnes
of all power.
And manie other moll blafphemous fentences did they pronounce euery one af-
ter other, which for fhortnes fake I omitr, till at the end they obtained this moft
horrible decrie; that, albeit in life and conuerfation they were fo wicked, and
deteftable, that no only they condemned themfelues, but that alfo they drew to
bell and perdition manie thoufandes with them, yet that none fhould prefume to
re])rehend or rebuke them. This being eftablifhed for tlie head (albeit not with-
out fomme contradiction, for fomme emperours did require due obedience of
them, as Goddes word commaunded, and auncient Byfhopes had geuen before to
Emperours, and to their lawes, but Satan fo preuailed in his fuete beloie the blind
U u u u u 2 world,
44^ - T^^^^ AppelUtton of lohn Knoxe.
world, that the former fentences were confirmed, which power being graunted to
the head) then began prouifion to be made for the reft of the nienibres in all
realines and contries, where the)'- made relidence. The fuite whereof we fee to
be this, that none of that peftiient generation (I mean the vermine of thePapifti-
cal order) will be fnbieft ro anie ciuile Magiftrate, how enormous th^t euer his
crime be, but will be referued to their own ordenarie, as they terme it. And what
frutes haue hereof enfiied, be the world neuer fo blynd, it cannot but witnelTe.
For how their head that Romans Ancichrift hath bene occupied euer fince the grant-
ing of fuch priuiledges, hiftories do witnefle, and of late the moft part of Europa
fubiefl: to the plage of God, to fier and fworde, by his procurement hath felt, and
this day doth fele: The pride, ambition, enuie, excefle, fraude, fpoile, oppreffi-
on, murther, filthie life and inceft, that is vfed and mentained amongeft that rab-
ble of preeftes, freers, monkes, thannons, bj^lhopes and cardinalles, cannot be ex-
prefTed. I fear not to affirme, neither doubt I to proue, that the papifticall church
is further degenerate from the puretie of Chriftes doflrine, from the footefteppes ot
the Apoftles, and from the maners of the primatiue Church, then was the Church
of the lewes from Goddes holy Itatutes, what time it did crucifie Chrift lefus the
only Mellias, and moft cruelly perfecnte his Apoftles : And yet will our papiftes
claime theyr priuiledges and auncient liberties, which if you graunt vnto them,
my Lords, ye Ihall afluredly drink the cup of Goddes vengeance with them, and
ftiall be reputed before his prefence, compagnions of theues, and mentainers of mur-
therers, as is before declared ; for theyr immunitie and priuiledge, wherof fo great-
ly they bolt, is nothinp; els, but as if theues, murtherers or briggandes fhould con-
fpire amongeft themfelues, that they would neuer anfwer in iudgement before anie
laufuU Magiftrate, to the end that their theft and murther fhould not be puniihedj
euen fuch, 1 fay, is their wicked priuiledge, which neither they haue of God the
father, neither of Chrift lefus, who hatfi reuealed his father's will to the world, nei-
ther yet of the Apoltles nor primatiue Churche, as before is declared : But it is a
thinge confpired amongeft thernfelues, to the end that their iniquitie, deteftable
life and tyrannie fhall neither be reprelTed nor reformed. And if they objed, that
godlieEmperours did graunt and confirme the fame. 1 anfwer, that the godlines
of no man is or can be of fufficient auftoritie to iuftifie a foolilhe and vngodlie fad,
fuch I mean, as God hath not alowed by his worde -, for Jbraham was a godlie man,
but the deniall of his wife was fuch a fa£l, as no godlie man oght to imitate: The
fame might Ilhew of Dji/f J, Ezechias, and lojtas, vnto whom I think no man of
iudgment will prefer anie emperour fence Chrift, in holines and wifdome, and yet
are not all theyr fa6tes, no euen fuch as they appeared to haue done for good
caufes, to be approued nor followed. And therefore, I fay, as errour and igno-
rance remayn allwaies with the moft perfedl man in this life, lb muft their workes
be examined by another rule, then by their own holines, if they ihall be approued.
But if this anfwer doth not fuffice, then will 1 anfwer more lhortly,that no godlie
emperour fence Chriftes afcenfion hath graunted anie fuch priuiledge to anie fuch
Churche or Perfon, as they (the hole generation of Papiftes) be at tliis day. I am
not ignorant, that fome emperours of a certaine zeal, and for fome confiderations
graunted liberties to the true Church, afflitted for theyr mentainance againft ty-
rants •, but what ferueth this for the defence of their tyrannie ? Yf the law muft
be vnderftanded according to the mynd of the lawgeuer, then muft they fyrft proue
themfelues Chriftes true and afflicted Churche, before they can claim; anie priui-
ledge to appertain to them, for only to that Churche were the priuiledges granted i
. it will not be their glorious titles, neither yet the long pofTefTion of the name, that
can preuaile in this fo weighty a caufe ; for all thofe had the Church of lerufalem^
which did crucifie Chrift, and did condemn his doflrine. We offer to proue by
theyr frutes and tyrannie, by the prophets, and playn Icriptures of God, what
tries and generation they be, to witt, vnfrutefull and rotten, apt for nothing, but
to be cutt and caft in hell tier; yea, that they are the very kingdom of Antichrift,
of whom we are commaunded to beware. And therefore, my Lordes, to return to
you, fein^ that God hath armed your handes with the fworde of iuftice, feing that
his law moft ftreatly commaundeth idolaters and fals Prophets to be punifhed with
death.
The Jpellation of lohn Knoxe. 44.9
deathi and that you be placed aboue your fubieQs to reign as fathers oner theyr
children i and further, feing that not only i, but with me manic thoufand famous,
godlic and learned perfons, accufe your Bylhopes and the hole rabble ot the Pjpi-
Iticall clergie, of idolatrie, of munher and of blafpheniie againit God conimititd;
It appertaineth to your honours to be vigilant and careful! in lb weighty a matter ?
The queftion is not of earthly fubftance, but of the glorie of God, and of the fal-
uation of your felues, and of your brethren lubied to your charge, in which if you,
after this plain admonition, be negligent, there refteth no excufe by reafon of igno-
rance j for in the name of God 1 require of you, that the caufe of religion may be
tried in your prefence by the playne and flmple word ol God ; that your Eyfliopcs
be compelled to defift from theyr tyrannie, that they be compelled to make an-
fwer for the negleding of their office, for the fubftance of the poor, which vnjuft-
ly they vfurpe, and prodigally they do fpcnd ; but principally for the fals acd de-
ceauable doctrine which is taught and defended by theyr fals prophets, fiatteiing
freers, and other fuch venomous locuftes .• Which thing if with lingle eyes ye do
(preferring G ddes glorie and the faluation of your brethren to all worldli rom-
mcditie) then Ihall the fame God, who fblemnly doth pronounce to honour thofe
that do honour hym, powr his benediftions plentifully vpon yen, he fhall be your
buckler, I roredion and captayne, and fhall repreffe by his ftrength and wifd me,
whacfoeuer Satan by his fuppoftes fhall imagine againft you. I am net ignorant
that great troubles fhall enfue your enterprife -, for Satan will not be expelled from
the poflefhon of his vfurj ed kingdome without refiftance : But if you, as is faid,
preferring Goddes glorie to your own Hues, vn eanedly feke and ftudie to obey
lis blelTed will, then fhall your deliuerance be fuch, as euidently it fliall be known,
that the angels of the eternall do watche, make warr and feght for thofe that vn-
feynedly fear the Lord. But if you refule this my moll reafonable and iuft peti-
tion, what defence that euer you appear to haue before men, then fhall God (whom
in me you contemned refufe you , he fhall poure furthe contempt vpon you, ar.d
vpon your polferitie after you ; the fpirit of boldnes and wifdome fliall be taken
from you, your ennemies fhali reign, and you fhall die in bondage ; yea, God
shall cutt doune the vnfrutefull trees, when they do appeare mcfl beautifully to
florish, and shall fo burn the roote, that after of you shall neither twigge ror
branch againe fpring to glorie. Hereof I nede not to adduce vnto you examples
from the former ages, and auncient hiftories .- For ycur brethren the nobilitie of
EvglaTtd are a mirrour and glafTe, in the which ye may beholde Goddes iuft punish-
ment ; for as they haue refufed him and his Euangil, which onse in n^cuth they
did profefTe, fo hath he refufed them, and hath taken from them the fpirit of wif-
dome, boldenes, and of counfil j they fee and fele theyr owne miferie, and yet
they haue no grace to auoid it. They hate the bondage of flrangers, the pride of
prtefles, and the monfirilerous empire of a wicked woman, and yet are they com-
pelled to bowe their reckes to the yock of the deuill, to obey whatfoetier the proud
Spaniards and wicked lefabel lift to ccmmaund, and finallie, to fiand like flaues with
capp in hand till the feruants of Satan the shauen fort call them to counlil .• This
frute do they reapeand gather of their former rebellion and vnfaithfulnes towards
Gcd ; they are left confufed in their owne counfils^ be, whcm in his men;bres for
the pleafuie of a wicked woman they haue exiled, perficuted ar.d blafpbtmed,
doth now laugh them to fkorn, fuffereth them to he pyntd in bondage of n oft wic-
ked n.en, and finally, shall adiudge them to the fier euerlaltirg, except that fpede-
]y and openly they repent theyr horrible treafon, which acairft Gcd, Egair.Il his
ionne Chrift lefus, and againft the libertie of their owne natiue iealn~ie they haue
committed. The fame plages shall fal! upcn you, be you afTured, if je refufe the
defence of his feiuantes that call for your fupj ort. My w oids are sharp, hut confi-
der, my Lcrds, that they are not trine, but that they are the threatnyrgesof the
omnipotent, who afTuredly vill perfuime the voices of his Prophefes, hew thateuei
carnall men defpife his admonitiors. The fworde of Goddes wrath is alredie draun,
which of necelTitiemuft redes Ifryke, when grace cffred is obftinatly refufed. Ycu
taue bene Icrg in bondage of the Deuil, blyndnes, errour and idolatrie pieuailirg
againft the llmple tiueth of God in that your realme, in which Gcd hath made ycu
X z z z z princes
A^o The AffclUmn o/lohn Knoxe.
princes and rulers : But now doth God of his great mercic call you to repentance,
before he j^ower furth the vttermoft of his vengeance : He crieth to your eares,
that your religion is nothing but idolatrie ; hs accufeth you of the blood of his
fainfts which ha.h bene shed by your permiflion, afliftance and powers : For the
tyrannic of thofe raging beaftes should haue no force, if by your ftrength they
were not mentained. Of thofe horrible crimes doth now God accufe you, not of
purpofe to condemne you,but mercifully to abfolue and pardon you,as fometyme he
did thole, whom Beter accufed to haue killed the fonne of God ; fo that ye be not
of mind, nor purpofe to iultifie your former iniquitie.
Iniquitie I call not only the crimes and ofFenfes, which haue bene and yet re-
maine in your maners and liues, but that alfo which appeareth before men moft
holie, with haffard of my life [ ofFre to proue abomination before God ; that is,
your hole religion to be fo corrupt and vaine, that no true feruante of God can
communicate with it, becaufe that in fo doing he Ihould manifeltly denie Chrift
lefus and his eternal veritie. I know that your Bylhopes, accompanied with the
fwarme of the Papiftical vermine, fhal crie, A damned beretik oght vot to be hard.
But remembre my Lords, what in the beginning I haue protelted, vpon which
ground I continually ftand, to witt, that 1 am no heretike nor deceauable teacher,
but the feruante of Chriil lefus, a preacher of his infallible veritie, innocent in
all that they can lay to my charge concerning my doflrine, and that therefore by
them, being ennemies to Chrift, lam iniuftly damned: From which ciuell fen-
tence 1 haue appealed and do appeal, as before mention is made j in the mean
tyme moft humbly requiring your honours to take me in your proteftion, to be
auditours of my iufV defenfes, graunting vnto me the fame libertie which Jcbab,
a wicked ki g, and Ifrael at that tyme a blynded people, granted to Helias in the
like cafe j that is, that your Bylhopes, and the hole rabble of your clergie may
be called before you and before that people whome they haue deceiued, ihat I be
not condemned by multitude, by cuftome, by audoritie or law deuifed by man,
but that God hymfelfe may be iudge, betwixt me and my aduerfaries. Let God, 1
fay, fpeak by his law, by his prophetes, by Chrift lefus, or by his Apoftles, and
fo let hym pronounce, what religion he approueth, and then be my ennemies neuer fo
many, and appeare they neuer fo fironge and fo learned, no more do I feare vic-
torie, then did Helias, being but one man againft the multitude of Baales preefles^
And if they think to haue aduantage by theyr councils and dodiours, this I further
offer to admit the one and the other, as witnelles in all matters debareable, three
thinges (which iuftly cannot be denied) being granted vnto me. FirH, That the
moft auncient councils nigheft to the primitiue Church, in which the learned and
godly fathers did examine all matters by Goddes worde, may be holden of mofl
auctority. Secondarely^ That no determination of councils nor man, be admitted
againft the plain verity of Goddes word, nor againft the determination of thofe
four chefe councils,whofe auftoritie hath bene and is holden by them equal with the
auQority of the foure Euangeliftes. And UU, That to no doflour be geuen greater
audoritie, then Avgnjline requireth to be geuen to his wri tinges : to wit, if he
plainly proue not his affirmation by Goddes infallible worde, that then his fen-
tence be reiefted and imputed to the errour of a man. Thefe thinges graunted and
admitted, 1 ITiall no more refufe the teftimonies of councils and dodlours then fhall
my aduerfaries. But and if they will iuftifie thofe councils, which mentaine theyr
pride and vfurped auftoritie, and will reied thofe, which plainly haue condemed
all fuch tyranny, negligence and wicked life, as bylhoppes now do vfe : and if
further they will fnatch a doubtfull fentence of a dodour, and refufe his mynde,
when he fpeaketh plainly, then will I fay, that all man is a Iyer, that credit oght
not to be giuen to an vnconftant witnes, and that no councils oght to preuaile,
nor be admitted againft the fentence, which God hath pronounced. And thus, my
Lordes, in kw wordes to conclude,! haue offred vnto you a rriall of mine innocen-
cie: I heue declared vnto you, what God requireth of you, being placed aboue his
people, as rulers and princes : I haueofFred vnto you, and to the inhabitants of the
realme, the veritie of Chrift lefus, and with the hafard of my life, I prefently of-
fer to proue the religion, which amongeft you is mentained by fier and fworde, f o
be
t'%
'ihc Apcllation of lohii Knoxe. 4.51
be fals, damnable and diabolical!. Which thinges if ye refufe, defending tyrantes
in their tyrannie then dare not I flatter, but as it was commaunded to tzecbid
boldly to procljim, fo muft I rrie to you, that you (hall perilhe in your iniquitie,
that the Lord lefus fhall refufe fo inanie of you, as malicioufly withHand hiseter-
nall veriti«, and in the day of his apparition, when all flefli Ihall appear before
hym, that he fhall repell you from his compagnie, and fhall connnaund you to the
fier, whiche neuer ihall be quenched, and then neither Ihall the multitude be
able to refill nei.her yet the councils of man be able to preuaile againlt that fen-
tence, which he ihall pronounce.
God the father of our Lord lefus ^ Cbrifi, by the pover of his Holie Spirit fo rule and dif-
pofe your hearts, that with Jimplicitie ye may covjider the thirges that be offered, avd that
ye may take fuch order .n the fame, as God in you may be glorified, avd Chri/tes flock by
you may be edified and comforted, totbepraife and glorie of our Lord lefus Cbriji, vbofe
omnipotent fpirit rule your hearts in his true fear to the end. Amen.
To his beloued Brethren the Commonality of
SCOTLANV,
loHN Knoxe wiJJjcth gracd mercie^ and peace^ zvith the fpirit of
• righteous iitdgement.
Vhat I haue required of the Qiiene Regent, eftates and nobilite,
as of the chife heades (for this prefenr) of the realme, I cannot
ceafe to require of you dearlie beloued brethren, which be the
communaliry and body of the fame; To wit, that it, (not-
withftanding that fals and cruel fentence, which your difgifed
bylhoppes haue pronounced againft me) would pleafeyou to be
fo fauourable vnto me, as to be indifferent auditours of my iuft
purgation. Which to do, if God earnefHy moue your heartes,
as I nothing doubt,but that your mterprife Ihall redoundeto the praife of his holy
name, fo am I afTured, that ye and your poflerity fhall by that meanes receauemou
lingular comfort, edification and profit. For when ye Ihall heare the matter de-
bated, ye fhall eafily perceiue and vnderftand, vpon what grounde and foun-
dation is builded that religion, which amongelt you is this day defended by fier
and fword. As for my own confcience, I am nioft afl'uredly perfuaded, that what-
foeuer is vfed in the papiflical Churche, is altogether repugning to Chriftes blef-
fed ordinance, and is nothing but mortal venom, of which whofoeuer drinketh, I
am afTaredly perfuaded, that therewith he drinketh deafh and damnation, except
by true conuerfion vnto God, he be purged from the fame. But becaufe that long
Clence of Goddtsworde hath begotten ignorance almoft in al f rtes of men, and
ignorance, ioyned with long cuftome, hath confirmed fuperflition in the heartes
of many ; I therefore in the name of the Lord lefus defire audience, as well of
you the communality, my brethren, as of the eftates and nobility of the realme,
that in publike preaching I may haue place amongeft you at large to vtter my
mind in all matters of controuerfie this day in religion. And further I defire, that
ye concurring with your nobility would compell your bifhoppes and clergy to ceafe
their tyranny, and alfo that, for the better afTurance and inflruftion of your con-
fcience, ye would compell your faid bifhoppes and fals teachers to anfwer by the
fcriptures of God to fuch obieftions and crimes, as fhall be laid againft their vaine
religion, fals do£lrine, wicked life, and fclanderous conuerfation. Here I know,
that it fhall be obieded, that I require of you a thing moft vnreafonable; To wit,
that ye Ihould call your religion in doubt, which haih bene approued and eftablifli-
X z z z I 2 ed
^52 The Jppellation of iohnKnoxQ.
ed by fo long continuance, and by the confent of fo many men before you. But
I fhortly anfwer, that neither is the long procefle of tyme, neither yet the multi-
tude of men a fuflficient approbation, which God will allow for our religion. For
as fomme of the molt auncient writers do witnefle, neither can long procefle of
tyme iuftifie an errour, neither can the multitude of fuch, as folow it, chauug the
nature of the fame. But if it was an errour in the begynning, fo is it in the end,
and the longer that it be fblowed, and the mo that doe receaue it, it is the more
peftilent, and more to be avoided. For if antiquity or multitude of men could iu-
ftifie any religion, then was the idolatry of the Gentiles, and now is the abomina-
tion of the Juikes good religion. For antiquity approued the one, and a multitude
hath receaued and doth defende the other. But otherwife to anfwer, godly men
may wonder, trorn what fbntaine fuch a fentence doth flow, that no man oght to
try his faith and religion by Goddes worde, but that he fately may beleue and fol-
low euery thing, which antiquity and a multitude haue approued. The Ipirit of
God doth otherwife teach u.. For the wifdome or God, Chrift lefus himfelfe re-
mitted his aduerfaries to Mofes, and the fcriptures, to trie by them, whether his
doflrine was of God or not. The Apofliles Paiile and Peter commaunde men to
trie the religion, which they profefle, by Goddes plaine fcriptures, and do praife
men for fo doing. St. M« Itraytly commaundeth, That we beleue not every Ipirit^
but willtth Hs to trie the fpirits, whether they be of God or not. Now leyng that
thefe euident teflcimonies of the Holy Ghofl: will us to try ourfaithand religion by
the plaine worde of God, wonder it is, that the papiftes will not be content, that
theyr religion and do8:rine comme vnder the triall of the fame. If this fentence of
Ghrift be true (as it is moft true, feing it fpringeth from the veritie it felf) whofo
euil doeth, hateth the light, neither will he comme to the light, left that his euill workes be
tnanifefted and rebuked ; then do our paj^iftes by their own fentence condemn theta-
felves and theyr religion. For in fo far as they refufe examination and trial, they
declare, that they know fomme fault, which the light will vtter : which is a caule
of theyr feare, and why they claime to that priuiledge, that no man difpute of
theyr religion. The veritie and trueth, being of the nature of fyne purified gold,
doth not fear the trial of the fornace, but the ftuble and chaf of mannesinuentions
(fuch as theyr religion) may not abide the flame of the fier. True it is, that Ma-
hornet pronounced this fentence, that no man fliould in paine of death difpute or
reafon of the grounde of his religion. Which law to this day by the art of Satan
is yet obferued amongeft the Tiirkes, to theyr mortal blindnes and horrible blafphe-
myng of Chrift lefus, and of his true religion. And from Mahomet for rather from
Satan father of all lies) hath the Pope and his rabble learned this former lelTon, to
wit, that theyr religion (hould not be difputed vpon, butwliat the fathers haue be-
lieued, that ought and muft the children approue. And in fo diuifing Satan lacked
not his forefight. For no one thing hath more eftablifhed the kingdome of that
iJowawe Antichrifl, then this moft wicked decrie. To wit, that no man was per-
mitted to reafon of his power, or to call his lawes in doubt. This thing is mofl
afTured, that whenfoeuer the papifticali religion fhall comme to examination, it
flial be founde to haue no other grounde, then hath the religion of Mahomet, To
wit, mannes inuention, deuife and dreame ouerfliadowed with fomme colour of
Goddes worde. And therefore brethren, feing that the religion is, as the ftomake
tothebodie, which, if it be corrupted, doth infedt the hole membres, it is necef^
fare that the fame be examined -, and if it be founde replenilhed with peftilent hu-
mours, (1 mean with the fantafies of men) then of necelFity it is, that thofe be
purged, els fhall your bodies and foiiles perilhe for euer. For of this I would ye
were moft certainly perfuaded, that a corrupt religion defileth the hole life of man,
appear it neuer fo holy. Neither would I that ye fhould efteme the reformation
and care of religion lefe to appertaine to you, becaufe ye are no kinges, rulers,
iudges, nobils, nor in au£lority. Beloued brethren, ye are Goddes creatures, cre-
tited and formed to his own image and fimilitude, for whofe redemption was fhed
the moft precious blood of the only beloued fbnne of God, to whome he hath com-
maunded his Ghofpell and glad tidinges to be preached,and for whome he hath
prepared the heauenlie inheritance, fo that ye will not obftinately refufe, and dif-
daioefuUjr
lohn Knoxe to the Commvnahie. 4.53
daiiiefully contemne the meanes, which he hath appointed to obtaine the Cjtne •, to
wit, his blefled Euangile, which now he oftexeth vr.to jou, to the end that ye may
be faucd. For the Golpfli and glad tidingesoft e kingdoine truly preached, is tho
power ot God to the fa In at ion of entry belieuer, wl.ich lo credit and rcceaue you
the (ommoiiality are no lefleadJebtted, then be your rulers and princes. For albe-
it God hath put and ordened diftinftion and difterence betwiit the king and the fub-
ie£les, betwiit the rulers ar.d the commune people in the regiment and adniiniftia-
tion of ciuil policies, yet in the hopeot the life tocomme, he huth maueall equal!.
For as in Chrift lefus h&Iew hath no greater prerogatiue, then hath the GnniJe^
the man, then hath the woman, the learned then the vnlearned, the lord, then the
feruanre, but all are one in him, fo is there but one way and meanes to attaine to
the participation of liis benefitesand fpiritual graces, which is a liuely faith work-
ing by charity. And therefore 1 fay, that it doih no leile appertaine to ynu, bdou-
ed brethren, to be afTured that your faith and religion be grounded and elfabliflied
vpon the true and vndoubted worde ot God, then to your princes, or rulers. For
as your bodies cannot efcape corporal death, if with your princes ye eater drink
deadlie poifon (althoughe it be by ignorance or negligence) fo Call ye not efcape
the death euerlafting, if with them ye profeffe a corrupt religion. Yea, except in
heart ye beleue, and with mouth ye conitlle the Lord Icfus, to be the onlie faviour
of the world (which ye cannot do, except ye embrace hist uaugile offered) yecannot
efcape death and damnation. For as theiuit liueth fy his own faith, lo doth the
vnfaithfull periihe by his infidclifie. Ar.d as true fa'th is ergendred, norifh-
ed, and mentained in the heartes of Goddes elect by Cihrilleshuangile trulie preach-
ed, fo is iifidelit}' and vnbelete loitered by concealing and reprefling the farre- And
thus if ye loke lor the life euerlafting, ye muft trie if ye ftand in faith, and if ye
would be allured of a true and liuely faith, ye muft nedes have Chiift lefus truely
preached vnto you. And ihis is the caule (dear brethren) that fooft I repeat, and
fo coiiilantly I affirm, that to you it doth no lelle appertaine, then to your kinge
or princes, to prouide that Chrilt lefus be truely preached amcngeftycu, feing that
without his true knoUedge can neither of you both attaine to faluation. And this
is the poynr, wherein, 1 fay, all men is equal.
That as ali be defceniei from Adam, by vboje fyv avd ivobedievce did death ertct into
the world, Jo it behoued all, thatjliall obtaine life, to be ingrafted in one. that is, iv the
Lord lejiis, who beivg the iufl ferwant^ doth by bis knoUedge iijtife many : to wit, allthat
wjcantdly beleue in hym.
Of this equalitie, and that God requireth no lefs of the fubit£f, be he neuer fo
poore, then of the prince and rube men in matters of religion, he hath giren an
euident declaration in the law of Mofes. For when the tabernacle was buyldcd, er-
refted, and fet in order, God did prouide, how it, ard the things ap peiiainirg td
the fame, fhouldbe fultained, fo that they Ihould rot fall in decay. And this
prouifion (albeit heauen and eatth obey his enipite) would he net take frcm thefe-
crete and hid treafures, which ly difperfed in the vaines of the earthe, neither yet
would he take it from the riche and potent of his people, but le did crn n~aund,
that every man of the fonnesof7/rae/(were he rich, or were he poore} that cameirl
compt from twenty yeares and vpward, Ihould yearely pay half a ficle for an oblati-
on to the Lord in the remembrance of their redemption, and frr an expiation or
clenfing of their foules, which money God commaunded fhculd be btfowed vpon
the ornamcntesand neceflaries of the tabernacle of ftHimony. He furtlfrmore
added a precept, that the riche fhculd giiie no more for that vfe, and in that be-
half, then fhculd the poor, neither yet that the poor fliCuld gii:e any lefle theii
Ihould the rich in that confideration. This law to manres re^ftn ard irdgen'ent
may appear \erie vnreaff nab!e. For frrrme rich iren might hate get'er a thou-
fand fickle.'; with lefTe hurt of his fubftance, then fcnme peer nan ir fht hare
payed the half fickle. And yet God m^keth all equal, ard will that thecrefhall
pay no more then the other, neither yet tl e peer any lefs then the rich. This law
I fay n:ay aj pear very urequall. 1 ut if the caufe, which Grd addeih, be cbferued,
we shall fynde in the fame the great irercy and ineftitnable wifdcm ot Gcd to ap-
pear, which caufe is eipielTed in thtfe wordes,
y y y y y TbU
John Knoxe to the Commvnaltie.
Tbii momy receamdfrom the children ofljrael thou JJ)alt gene in the feruice of the ta-
berracle, that it may be to the cbildreji ofljraelfor a remembrance before the Lord, that
be may be merciful to your fouler.
This caufe, 1 fay, doth euidently declare, that as the hole multitude was de-
liuered f)oin ihe bondage of iS^^pt by the mightie power of God alone, fo was
euery membra of the fame without refpeO: of perfons, fanftified by his grace, the
riche in that behalf nothing preferred to the pooreft. For by no merit, nor wor-
thynes of man was he moucd to chofe, and to eltablilhe his habitation and dwel-
ling amongeft them. Bur their felicity, prerogatiue and honour, which they had
aboue all other nations, proceded only from the fountaine of his eternal gcodnes,
who loued them freely, as that he freely had chofen them to be his preeftly kingdom
and hoiie people from all nations of the earth. Thus to honour them, that he
would dwell in the middelt of them, he neither was moued (1 fay) by the wifdome
of the wife, by the riches of the potent, neither yet by the vertue and holynefs of
any eftate amongeft them, but of mere goodnes did he loue them, and with his pre-
fence did he honour that hole people, and therefore to paynt owt the fame his
commune loue to the hole multitude, and to cut of occafions of contention, and
doubtes of confcience, he would receaue no more . from the rich, then from the
poore for the maintenance of that his tabernacle, by the which was reprefented
his prefence, and habitati n amongeft them. Yf the riche had bene preferred to
the poore, then as the one fhould haue been puffed vp with pride, as that he had
bene more acceptable to God by reafon of his greater gift, fo Ihould the confcience
of the other haue bene troubled and wounded, thinking that his pouertie was an
impediment, that he could not ftand in fo perfedt fauour with God, as did the
other, becaufe he was not able to giue fo much, as did the rich, to the mentenance
of his tabernacle. But he, who of mercy (asfaid is) did chofe his habitation a-
mongefl: them, and alfo that beft knoweth, what lieth within man, did prouide
the remedie for the one, and for the other, making them equal in that behalfe, who
in other thinges were molt vnequal. Yf the poore fhould haue founde hymfelf
greued, by realbn of that taie, and that afmuch was impofed vpon hym, as vpon
the riche, yet had he no fmall caufe of ioy, that God himfelfe would pleafe to com-
pare hym, and to make hym equal in the mentenance of his tabernacle to the moft
riche and potent in Ijrael. Yf this equalitie was commaunded by God for mente-
nance of that tranfitorie tabernacle, which was but a fhadoe of a better to comme,. is
not the fame required of vs, who now hath the ueritie, which is Chrift lefus ? who
being clad with our nature is made hnmamiel, that is, God with vs. WT?ofe natural
bodie^ albeit it be receaved in the heavens^ where he mvfl abyde tiB ali be complete^ that
is forefpoken by the prophetes ; yet hath he promifed to be prefent with vs to the end oj the
world.
And for that purpofe, and for the more afTurance of his promiffe, he hath erefted
amongeft vs here in earthe the fignes of his own prefence with vs, his fpiritual ta-
bernacle, the true preaching of his worde, and right adminiftration of his facra-
inentes. To the mentenance whereof is no leffe bounde the fubieft, then the prince,
the poore, then the riche. For as the price, which was geuen for mannes redemp-
tion, is one-, fo requireth God of all, that fhall be partakers of the bcnefites of the
lame, a like duetie, which is a plaine confeffion, that by Chrift lefus alone we haue
leceaued, what foeuer was loft in Jdam. Of the prince doth God require, that he
lefufe hymfelf, and that he folow Chrilt lefus ; of the fubieft he requireth the fame.
Of the kinges and iudges it is required, that they kifle the fonne, that is, giue ho-
nour, fubieciion and obedience to hym. And from fuch reuerence doth not God ex-
empt the fubie£t, iha*^ fhall be faued. And this is that equalitie, which is betwixt
the kinges and the fubiedes, the moft riche or noble, and betwixt the pooreft, and
men of loweft eftate •, to wit, that as the one is oblilhed to beleue in heart, and
with mouth to confeffe the Lord lefus, to be the only fauiour of the world, Co alfb
is the other. Neither is there any of Goddes children (who hafh attained to the
yeares of difcretion ) fo poore, but that he hath thus much to beftow vpon the or-
namentes, and maintenance of their fpiritual tabernacle, when necefCtie requireth;
neither yet is there anie fo riche, of whofe hande God requireth anie more. For al-
beit
John Knoxe to the Omimv uhie. 455
beit that Dauid gathered great fubftance, for the buylding of the temple; that SjIo'
won with earnelt diligence, and incredible eipenfes cnfted and finilhed the fame;
that Execbhs and lojias purged the religion, whiih before was corrupted ^ yet to
them was God no further dettour in that refped, then he was to the moll iiniplc
of the faithtull poftentie of faithfull Abrahim. For iheyr diligence, zeal and
workes, gaue rather teltimony and confelLon before mtn, what honour they did
bear to God, what loue to his worde, and reuerence to his religion, then that any
worke proceading from them did cither eftabliihe, or yet encreale Goddes fauoure
towardes them, who freely did loue them, in Chrift his fonne, before the foundation
of the world was laied. So that thefe forenamed by theyr notable workes gaue
teftimonie of theyr vnfained faith, and the fame doth the pooreft, that unlean dly
and openly proftfFeth Chrift lefus, that doth embrafe his glad tydinges offreJ, that
doth abhorrt fuperftition and flie from idolatry. The pooreft, 1 fay, and moft
fimple, that this day in earth in the daies of this cruel perfecution, fermely btleu-
eth in Chirft, and boldly doth confeffe hym before this wicked generation, is no
lefle acceptable before God, neither is iudged in his prefence to haue dore any Icfle
in promoting Chrift his caufe, then is the king, that by the fworde and power,
which he hath receaued of God, wrootethowt idolatry, and fo aduanceth Chriifes
glorie. Kut to return to our former purpofe, it is no lefle required, I fay, of the
fubietle to beleue in Chrift, and to profefTe his true religion, then of the prince and
king. And therefore I af&rme, that in Goddes prefence it Ihall not excufe you to
allcdge, that ye were no chefe rulers, and therefore that the care and reformation
of religion did not appertaine vnto you.
Ye dear brethren (as before is faid) are the creatures of God, created to his own
image and fimilitude, to wbome it is commaunded to heat the voyce of your
heaiienly father, to embrafe his fbnne Chrift lefus, to flie from all dodtrine and re-
ligion, which he hath not approued by his own will reuealed to vs in his molt blef-
fed worde To which preceptes and charges, if ye be founde inobedient, ye (hall
petilh in your iniquitie, as rebelles and fiubborn feruantes, that haue no pleafure
to obey the good will ot their foueraigne lord, who moft louingly doth (.all for vcur
obedience- And therefore, brethren, in this behalf it is your pait to be careful!
and diligent. For the queftion is not of thinges temporal!, which althoghe they be
endauugered, yet by diligence and procefTe of tyme, may alter be red rcfTed. but it
is of the damnation of your bodies and foules, and of theloffe of the life euerlafting^
which once loft can neuer be recouered. And therefore, I fay, that it behoueth
you to be caretul and diligent in this fb weghtie a matter, left that ye, contemn-
yng this occafion, which God now ofFereth, fynd not the like, althogI;e that after
with grony Dg and fobbes, ye languyflie for the fame. And that ye be not ignorant
of what occafion 1 mean, in few words I thai) exprelTe it.
Not only I, but with mealfodiuers ether godly and learned men do offer vnto
you our labours, faithfully to inftruQ you in the waies of the eternal our God, and
in the fyncerity of Chriftes Euangil, which this day by the ptftilent generation of
Antichrift (I mean by the pope, and by his moft vngcdly clergy) are almoft liyd
from the eies of men. "W'e offer toieopard our lines for the fahiationof your foule?,
and by manifeft fcriptures to proue that religion, which amongeft you is mtntained
by fier and fworde, tobevaine, fals and diabolical. We require nothing of you,
but that paciently ye will heare our doftrine, which is not oures, but is the doc-
trine of faluation reuealed to the world by the onlie fon of God ; and that ye will
examine our reafons, by the which we offer to proue the papiftical religion to be
abominable before God. And laft we require, that by your power the tyrannic of
thefe cruel beaftes, (I mean of preefts and freers) mey be brideled till we haie vt-
tered our mindes in all matters this day debateable in religion. Yf thefe thinges
in the fear of God ye graunt to me, and vnto others, that vnfeanedly for your fal-
uation, and for Goddes glorie require the fame, I am afTured, that of God yefhall
be blefled, whatfbeuer Satan fhall deuife againft you. But and if ye contemne or
f efufe God, who thus louingly offereth vnto you faluation and life, ye Ihall nei-
ther efcape plages temporall, whichefhortly (hal apprehend you, neither yet the
toiment prepared for the deuil, and for his angels, except by fpedie repentance ye
Y y y y y 2 retnrne
456
lohn Knoxe to the Cjfn^hvnaltie.
returne to the Lord, whome now ye refufe, if that 3'e refufe the melTingers of his
but yet I think ye doubt, what ye oght, and may do in this fo weghtie a mat-
ter. In few wordes I will declare my Confcience in the one and in the other. Ye
oght to prefer the glorie of God, the promoting of Chrift his Euangil, and the fal-
uationof your foules to all thinges, that be in earth: and ye, althogh ye be but
fubjedes, may lawfully require of your fuperiors, be it of your king, be it of your
lordes, rulers and powers, that they provide for you true preachers, and that they
expel fucli.as under the names of paflours deuoure and deftroy the flock, not feeding
the fame as Chrift lefus hath commaunded. And if in this point your fuperiour be
negligent, or yet pretend to maintaine tyrantes in their tyrannie, moft juftly ye
may provide true teachers for yourfelves, be it in your cities, townes or villages:
them ye may maintaine and defend againfl all, that ihall perfecute them, and by
that means Ihall labour to defraud you of that mott comfortable food of your
foules, Chriftes Euangil truely preached. Ye may moreouer withold the frutes,
and p'rofetts, which your fals Byfhoppes and clergy moft unjultly receive of you,
vnto fuch ryrae as they be compelled faithfully to do theyr charge and duties,
which is to preach unto you Chrifl: lefus truly, ryghtly to minifier his facraments
according to his own inftitutioa, and fo to watche tor the faluation of your foules,
as is commaunded by Chrift lefus hymfelf,and by his apoftles Paul and Peter. Yf God
Iball move your heartes in his true fear to. begynne to praQife thefe things, and to
demand and crave the fame of your fuperiors, which moft lawfully ye may do,
then I doubt not, but of his great mercy, and free Grace he fhall illuminate the
eyes of your myndes that his undoubted veritie fhal be a lantern to your feete
to guyde and lead you in all the wayes, which his godlie wifdome doth approue.
He Ihall make your enemies tremble before your faces, he Ihall eftablilh his blefled
Euangil amongeft you to the faluation and perpetual comfort of your felues, and of
yourPofterity after you. But and if ("as God forbyd) the loue of frendes, the fear
of your Princes, and the wifdome of the world draw you back from God, and his
fonne Chrift lefus, be ye certainly perfuaded, that ye Ihall drink the cupp of his
vengeance, fo many I mean as ihall contemue and dilpife this louing calling of
your heavenlie father. It wil not excufe you (dear Brethren) in the prefence of
God, neither yet will it auaile you in the day of his vifitation, to fay. We were
but fimple fubje£ls, we could not redrefs the faults and crimes of our rulers, By-
fhoppes, and clergie t we called for reformatioun, and wifhed for the fame, but
Lords brethren were Bylhoppes, theyr fonnes were abbottes, and the frendes of
f reatmen had the pofteflion of the Churche, and fo were we compelled to giue obe-
dience to all, that they demaunded. Thefe vain excufes, I fay, will nothing auaile
you in the prefence of God, who requireth no lefs of the fubiedes, than of the
rulers, that they decline from euil, and that they do good, that they abftaine from
idolatrie, fuperftition, blafphemie, mutther and other fuch horrible crimes, which
his law forbiddeth, and yet nottheles are openly committed and malicioufly cefend-
ed in that miferable realme. And if ye thmk that ye are innocent becaufe ye are
not the chefe auftors of fuch iniquitie, ye are utterly deceaued. For God doth
not only punifli the chefe offenders, but with them doth he damne the confenters
to iniquitie .• and all are judged to confent, that knowing impietie committed give
no teftimonie, that the fame difpleafeth them. To fpeak this matter more playne,
as your princes and rulers are criminal with your Byfhoppes of all idolatrie com-
mitted, and of all the innocent blood, that is ihed for the the teftimonie of Chriftes
truerh, and that becaufe they maintaine them in theyr tyranne, fo are you (1
mean fo many of you, as giue no playn confelfion to the contrarie) criminal and
giltie with your princes and rulers of the fame crimes, becaus ye affift and main-
taine your princes in their blinde rage, and giue no declaration, that their tyrannie
difpeafeth ) ou. This do6lrine I know is ftrange to the blind world, but the ve-
ritie of it hath been declared in all notable panilhments from the beginning.
When the original world perilhed by water, when Sodom and Gomorrah were con-
fumed by fier, and finally when lenifalem was horribly deftroyed, doth any man
think, that all were alike wicked before the world? Evident it is^ that they were
not, if they Ihall be iudged according to theyr external fa£les. For fomme were
yonge.
lohn Knoxe to the Commvualtie, ^57
yonge, and could not be oprrcfTours, neither yet could defile themfelues wiih vn-
niitural and bealtlie lultes: fomme were piiikiland gentle ot nature, and did not
thritt tor the blooi ot Chrift, nor ot" his Apolties. But du any efcape the
pLiges and ve:igeance, which did apprehend the multitude > Let the firiptures wit-
iiciie and the hiUories be confidered, which plainlie do teftihe, that by the waters
ail tielhe in earth at that time did perilh, (Ao.ii and his familie relerued) that
r.one ellapcd in Suiom and in the other cities adiacent, except Lot and his two
thughters. And euident it is, that in that famous cisie Lruplcm in that lalt and
horrible deftniciion ot the fame none efcaped goddes vengeance, except lb mjny as
belore were difpirltd. And what is the caufe ot this feueritie, feeing that all were
rot a like ofienders ? Let tleih ceafe to difputewiih God, and let all man by
thefe examples learne betimes to tiie and auoid the focictie andcompaignie ot the
ct the proude contemners of God, if that they lilt net to be partakers of their
plages. The caufe is euident: if we can be lubie£t without grudging to goddes
iiidements, which in themfelues are moft holie and iufl. For in the original
world none was founde, that either did refifl tyranuie and oppreifion, that vniuer-
lailie was vfed, either yet that earneltly reprehended the fame. In Scdom was
none found that did agniniland that furious and bealilie multitude, that didcom-
paife about and befige thehoufe of Lot. Non would beleue Lot, that the citie fhould
Ledeltroyed. And finally in lerufdlem was none found, that ffudied to repiefs the
tyrannic of the Preelies, who were coniured againlt Chrift and his Luangil, but
all fainted, (1 except euer fucb, as gaue witnefs with their blood, or their trying,
that fuch impietie difpleafed themj all kept filence, by the which all approued
iniquitie, and ioyned hands with the tyrantes, and fo were all arrayed ar^d fef,
as ithad'bene, in one battayle againft the omnipotent, and againfthis fonne Chrifl
Itfus. For whofoener gathereth not with Chrilt in the day of his harueft, is iudg-
ed to fcatte-. And therefore of one vengeance temporal were they all partakers.
Which Thing as before I have touched, ought to moue you to the depe confidera-
tion of your duties in theie laft and moft perilous times. The iniquitie of your Bi-
Ihoppes is more thanmanifeft : their filthy lines inted the aier, the innocent blood,
W'hiih they fhed, crieth vengeance in the ears of our God: the idolatrie and abo-
min:uion, whi;h openly they commit, and without punilhment maintaine, doth
corrupt a'i;d d.-file the hole land ; and none amongelt you doth vnfainedly ftudie
for any redrefli of fuch enormities. Wil God in this behalf hold you as innocentes ?
Be not Je(eaved dear Brethren. God hath punished not only the proud tyrantes,
filthie peifons, and ciuel murtherers, but aifo fuch, as with them did draw the
yoke of iniquitie, was it by flattering their offences, obeying their iniuft eoin-
uiaundmentes, or in winking at their manifelt iniquitie. All fuch, I fay, hath God
once punishrd with the chete offenders. Be ye afTured, f reihret], that as he is
immutable of nature, fo will he not pardon in you that, which fo ftuerely he hatfi
punished in others, and now tlie lefTe, becaufe he hath plainly admonished you of
thedaurgers to come, and hath offred you his mercie before he poure furth his
wrath and di'piealnre upcn the inobedient. God the father of our Lord lefus
Chrift, who is'tather of glorie, and God of all confolation, geue you the fpirit of
wifdom, and open \\\xo vou the knolledge of him lelf by the meanes of his dear
fonne, by the which ve may attain to the efj erance and hope, that after the
trubles o'f this trar.litor'ious lite ye may be partakers of the riclies of that glorious
Inheritance, which is prepared for fuch, as retufu them felves, and feght under the
banner of Chrilt lefiis in the day of this hi« butaile ; that in depe confideration of
the fame ye may learn topreft;rthe inuifible and eternal icys to the vaine pleafures,
that are prefent. God further graunt you his l.oiie fpirit, righteoufly to confider,
what 1 in his name haue required of your nrli'.itie, and of you the fubicds, and
motie you all togitlier fo to anfwer, that my i)eii'.ion be not a ftlunionie of yniir iuft
condemnation, when the Lord Jefus shall appear to revenge the blood of his laincls,
and the contempt of his moft holie worde. Amen.
Sle.ip vot htfy.i, for verg'.aMe is prepared agaivft .ill ir.obeimt. Flie from F.JPylon, if
yewillnotbepjTtAertofherphges.
Be witnelTe to mv Afpellation. Grace be with vou. Frrm Ctnaia the 14. of iu-
ft 1558. Tour Brother to comnuvd in G=diincjs, I 0 H ^ K A 0 X E.
Z z z z z An
458
cl^£^#'3^3§JJ(©:^ili.-"Ji.(l^.S^^(2^5it^^(3^(5p(l)^
A N
ADMONITION
T O
England and Scotland to call them to repen-
tance, written by Antom Gi.hj.
Hereas many liane written many profitable admonitions to you
waine, (O Hvglavd and Scotland^ both makingeons Hand moft ha,)-
pie, if you could know your own happincs) ioinme againfl: the regi-
ment of women, wherewith ye are bothe plwged, fonnne aginft vn-
jnlauful obedience, and the admitting of ftrangers to be yourkinges,
fomme declaring the vile nature of the Spatuai ds.^ vvhnme tbou O Eyjg-
Ja«d, to thy deftrudtion mainteinefl, fomme the prjde of the Frenchmen^ whonie
thou, O Scotland, to thy ruine leceauefl: •• and aiany bundrethes with jtnne, wjth
tonge, with worde, with writing, with ieopavdie and loife of larides, gf^oHs, and
lyues, haue admonilhed you bothe twaine of that cankred poyfon of papiftrie, that
ye fofter and pamper to your own perdition, and vtter deftriiftion of foiiles and
bodies, of your feluesand yovrs for now and euer. I thoght it my duetie (feeing
your deflru(3ion to mans iudgement to draw fo neare) how much or little fb euer
they haue prenailed, yet once againe to admonilhe you both, to giue tefiimonie to
that trueth, which my breihren haue written, and efperially to ftirre your hearts
to repentance, or at the leafl: to cffre my felfe a witnelTe againft you ; for the iu-
ftice of God and his righteous iudgementes, which doubtles (if your heartsbe hard-
ned) againfr you both are at hand to be vttered. Thus by our writings, whome it
pleafeth God to Ityrre vp of your nations, all men, that now line, and that fhall
come after vs, fhall haue caufe alfo to praife the mercie of God, that fo oft admonifli-
eth before hedo Itryke, ai d to confider his iufi: punifhment, when he fhall poure
forth his vengeance. Glue eare therefore betimes, O Biitame (for of that name both
reioyfeth) whiles the Lord calleth, eihorteth, and admoniiheth, that is the accept-
able tyme, when he will be founde. Yf ye refufe the tyme off red ye cannot haue
it afterward thogh wi h teares(as did Ejau) ye do feme to feke it. Yet once again
in Goddes bthalfe, I do oft're you the uery meanes, which if God of his mercits
graunte yon grace to fohnv, I doubt nothing but that of al 3:our tnncmies fpedely
ye fliall be deliuered. Ye reioyce at this word, I am fure, if ye haue ani hope of
the perfourmance. Then barken to the matter, which I do write vnto yon, not
furthofmennes dreames nor fables, nor fur?h of prophane hiflnries, painted with
mannes wifdome, vaine eloqiunce, or fubtile veafons, but ftuih of the infallible
trueth of Goddes worde, and by fuch plaine demonflerations, as Ihall be able tncon-
uince euery one of yourowne coufciences, be he neuer fo obftinate. i will aske no
further
Antboni Gi'hy tO E?g!.i} id and Scoiliud. 4.5^
further judges. Is not rliis Goddcs ciirfe and threatninge, amongefl: manj othe
pronounced againft fhe finfiill land and difobtdient people >
Tbjt Jir ingm JliouU d-:iwure the frvtc tj thy land that the Jlr.ivgcr fmild cJyme abnuc
tbs, and th'.u Jlwuld comvie domie avd be his ivfcTiour ; he JiuU be the hcjd and thou the
UiU. The Lord JbjU bring vpon the a people jarr of^ vboje tongue thou canjfe not vnd^r-
ftjjtd^ thyjfron^ wales mbcrein thou tru/ted, fh^iU be dfjlru'ied, fee. And doih not hj'aie
xecken thisalfoas the eitreuiity ol all plages tor the wickednes of the people to
haue women raifvd vp to rule over you > But what faieth the lame prophete in the be-
gyiin/ng of his prophe/ie for a remedy againft thefe and all other euilles'
Jour bJTides are full of blood, (faieth he) O you princes of Sodom, and ynu people of
Gomorrba, bat wajhe you, make you cleanc, take away your wicked thoghts furth of my
Jigbt. Ccafe to do euil^ learn to do well, jeke iudgemcnt, help the opprcffed, &c then will
J turn my band to the, and trie owt all thy dirjfe^ and take away thy tyime, and I will re-
fore thy iudges as afore tyme^ andcoiiytjiloiirs, as of old And ^lofes fjid before in the
place alledged. That if thou wilt heare the voice of the Lorde thy God, and do his com-
mjv.vdcments, thou fijlt be biffed in the t<wne, and biffed in thefeelde. The Lord jball
CJufe tbyne envemies, that rije vp againfl the, to fall bcjorc the, &c.
Lo «be waj' in few wordes, O Britanie, to winne GoJdes fauour, and therefore
toouerrcme ihyne ennemies. But to prynt this more deeply into your heartes, O
3'e prin es aid people of that Hand, uhome God hath btgoune to puniihe, feke I
v-arne you no Ihirtmg holes to excufe your faultes, no political pratbfes to refift
Goddes vtngeaiue. And firlt I fpeak to you (O rulers and princes oi both the re-
almesj repent your treafon, and bewaile your vnthaukfulnes. For by no other
meanes can you efcape Goddes iudgem ntes. You ftomack I know to be railed
trairours bur what Ihall if auaile to /pare the name, where the facts are more then
euident. You hafh God erefled amongeft your brethren, to the end that by your
wifdome and gOvJie regiment your fubitdes Ihould be be kept as well from doinef^
tical orprellion, as frcm bondage and flaucrie of Itrangers. But ye alas declininge
from God, are made the inltrumentes to betray and fell the liberty of thofe, for
whome ye oght to haue fpent your Hues. For your confent and alTiftance is the
caiife, that ftrangers now oppre/Te and deuoure the poore within your realmes ••
who Ihortly, if God call 3'ou not to repentance, fhall rccompence you, as ye haue
delemed. For thecnpp, which your brethren do now drink, thall be put in j'our
hanjes, and you Ihali drink thedreggs ofyt to your deftrudtion. And wonder it
is if ye be becomme fofoolifhe anJ fo blynd, that ye ihink your felucS able long to
continue, andtobefafe, when ycur brethren rounde about you ihall perilhe.- that
you can pack your matters well enough with the princes, that ye can make you
ftronge with mariages, with fiateries, and other fonde praftifes, or th.it with your
miiltirndeor ftrergthc ye can efcape the dales of vengeance, or that ye can hide
your feUies in holes or corners. Nay thoghe you Ihould hyde you in the hils, God
can drawe)'ou thence, if you had the egles wjmges to fiie be)'onde the eaft feas,
■ron cannot aunid Goddes pref'-nce. Submit your felues therefore vnto h3'm, which
hol.-leth your breath in your noRre!es, who wiih one blalt of his mouth can de-
itroy allhisennemies. Erribrafehis Ibnne Chrift, left ye peri(he, and for your ob-
ftina ie againit hym and his 'vorde, repent betymes, as we all do admonifhe. Re-
peut for your cuicltie againft his feruants and the contempt of his worde fo plain-
lie ofized, as it was neuer fence the begynnyng of the world. Repent we cry re-
pent. For repentance is the onlie way ot your redrefle ai.d deliuerance. Did God
euer lor.ge fpare any people, v heme he Iiath taught by his prophetes, without
fomme euident repentance ? or vfeth any father to pardon his childe, whome he
hathe l>egonne to chaftice, without fomme token of repentance? Confider how the
Lord hath intreared /^'rat'.' and /nia his cvi'ne people : how oft they trefpafed, and
how he gsne them ouer into rhe hand of their ennemies. But whenfoeuer they re-
pented ar(d turned againe to God vnfearecilie, he fent them iudgesand deliuerers,
tinges and fiiiiours. This way then oi repentance and vnfeaned turning to God
by otedience, is tl t onlie way before Cod accepted and alowed. Therefore was
Ar>ji fent to the old world to bring I'lis doQrine of repentance, and all the old
piopheces, as Elias, Ulifeui, EfaiaSy / rc;;;ijj and Mahchias^ and he, who excelled
Z 2 2 z z 2 all
/<-
/\.6o Antboni Gilhy to Engt.md and Scotland,
all the propbetes, lohn Baptift. Anie of whofe ftiles, and sharpe rebukes of fvnners
if I should now vfe,it would be thcght full ftrange and haidely would be fuffered :
yet were anie of their lefTons, wherebie they called to repentance, mofi- mete lor our
tyme and age, and nothings difjgreinge from this my prefent purpofe. For the
fame fpirit Hill ftriueth againfl: the malice oFour tyir.es, ihoghe in diuerfe inftm-
mentes and fundrie fortes and fashions, ^oah pronounceth, thit within an hund-
reth and twentie yeares all fleshe should be deRiojed. V\ e haue many Noh.ies, that
fo crieth in our rymes, yet no man repenteth. All the tyme, that Noah was iMe-
paring for the ark to auoide Goddes vengeance, the muliifude derided this hole
prophete, as the multitude ot you two realmes doth at this day deride all them,
that by obedience to Goddes worde, feke the meanes appoinitd to auold Goddes
iudgementes. Then the people would not repent, but as they should liue for euer,
they maried, they banketed, theybuilded, they planted, deriding Gods mefTenger.
Do not you the like? I appeale to your own conlciences. You marie, but not in
God, but to betray your countriis, you banket and builde with the blood of the
poore.
The Lords callcth to J.iJIivg Cfiieth the propnete Efne) to mortifie themfelues, and
to kill their luiies, but they kill jhepe ajiii buUockes^ leranie crieth lor feares aid la-
mentation, they laugheand mock. JiUhchie crieth to the people of his tyme, Turn
vnto 7ne avd I will tiirne to you, fajeth the Lorde of hojies^ and they proudly anfwer,
wherevr JI)aU we returve? Are ye not fuche ? Do not ye aske wherem fhall we returne,
when ye will not know yourfinnes? when yetannotconlelTe, noracknoUedgej^our
faultes, thoghe ye go a hooringe in euerie ttreer, towne and village with your idols ?
thoghe th blood of the opprclfed crie euerie where againfi; you for vengeance ? So
that feyng no token of repentance 1 can not crie vnto you with lohi Bajjtijt^ 0 ye
ge7ieratimi of vipers who hath taught you to fie from the wrath to ccmme ?
0 that 1 might fee fo good tokens, that ye would fear goddes wrath and vengeance.
But this mult 1 fay to you both to your confnfion, and Ihame, that ye are fuch vipers
and ferpentes, vntil I fee better tokei.s. You do what ye can to deftroy your pa-
rentes, you cart: ot God your heavenlie father, ye will not fear hym calli? g you to
repentance, you deftroy and banilhe your fpiritual fathers, which once had begotten
you as fpiritual children by tlie wotde of tiueth, yow confumeyou countree, which
hath geuen you corporal life, you flinge with tongues and rayles all, that would
draw you from your wickednes. Finally, Man, woman, and childe, are either venem-
ed with your poyfons or ftingged with your tayles. In you are fulfilled the wordes
ofDauid, Their throteis anopeiij'epulchre, w.th their tctniges they haue deceiued, thepoy-
Jovofafpis is vvder their lippes, their vimithes are full of curfe avdbitterves, their jete are
fwift to Jl)cdd blood, deftruBion avd wrctchednes are in their miyes, avd the way of peace
they haue not htowen, tbefeare vfG.>d is not before there eyes, &c.
1 do know your tendre earcs, you can not be grated with fuch fharpe fentences
of condemnation, that thus prick you to the hearts: howbeit thus it behoveth, that
ye be taught to iudge your felues, that in the end ye be not danmed with the wick-
ed world. But I will wound yon no more with the words of the propheces, with the
fayinges of Dauid, or of this holy faintt of God lohn the Baptift, but with our fa-
viour Chrilt's two moft fwete parables of she two fonnes, and of the tilnien, to whom
he fet his vineyard, 1 will labour to fet before your eyes your rebellion, hypocrifle,
and crueltie, if fo I can bring any of you to repentance. Our fauiour Chrift putteth
furththis parable, A certain itian had two foTwes, avd he came to the firjl, and faid Jcmne
go ar.d work to day in my vineyard. If ho avjwercd, 1 will not, but ajterward reperted and
tpent. Then cameheto thefecond, and f aid lihewife^ avd he avjwered, I will Jir, but
went vot.
Wherein a wonderful comfort firft is to be confidered, how the Lord our God ma-
ker of heaven and earth doth humble him felfe not only to be called a man, a husband-
man, ahouiliolder, and fuch like, but he abafcth himfeli of mercie to vsvile earth
and aslhes, that his fonne becometh man to make mankind glorious in his fight, to
make all thnfe that do not refufe his grace nfFred,of thellaves of Satan, his fonnes by
adoption. You are his fonnes, you areihis vineyard, yosi areas dear unto him, as the
apple of his eye, as Mnjes fpeaketh, if you can beleue itj he fweareth thafr-you ihall
Anthoni Gilhy to Erig^^nd and Scotland. ^6
I
be his inherit ince, andhe wiil be yours, if ye will onlie receiue his grace and btltiid
him, when he f-veareth, will ye call his triicth into doubt > his glori^e into ^hame hv
your ir.is!;elefe ^ Better it were, that all irealures should perish, heaven, man jnil
angels, then that God should not have credit, or that his glorie in the leall icfe
should be cJiminisht-d. He hath called yen by his worde now many a time to wot Jce
in his vinc"ird, I aske what you have anfwered, your confcience can wifntfle and
all the world feeth it. fc'omme of you have ("aid plaine like rebellious chil.'ren, ihnr
ye would not doit, that ye would not work in your fathers vineyard. Slial! I ap-
plie this part to Scotlavd > 1 may right well do it, and alfo foa great parte mfirgLviJ.
But Scoilivd indede calltd moll plainlie and evidentlie through the mercies of God
both by their own faifhfuU countrie men, and alfo by earneft trauail ot our hvglijh
nation ro come to the Lords vineyard in the tyme of king Edward, hath to the do-
mage of both continually refufed,as the confcience of many this day beareth witncfTe.
That time, as ye know, thevineyarde in Evgltvdhy the ciiildren ofG<d was nvt
altogether neglected, and then mod earneftlj' were ye CO Brethren ofScotlmd) requi-
red to ioine hands with vs in the Lords worke, but S^ttan alas would not fufler ir.
His old foflred malice, and Antichrifthis fonne could not abyde, that Chrifc Miould
grow fo Itrong by ioininge that ile togither in perfeft religion, whome God haih fj
many waies coupled and flrengthened by his worke in nature : the papiftes pradifed
al their fyne craftes in Evghnd^ Scotland, and in France, that the Ghofpellers should
not with fo ftrong walles be defenfed, left this one iland should become a fafe fan-
ftuarie, as it began to be, toall the perfecufed in all places. They moue fturd'e
ftomackes, they difpens with periuries, they work by their craftie confelhons, they
raife vp warre in the end, whereby ye (dear Brethren of Scothyid) were fore plaged.
Of all thefe traiteroufe fltghtes ye can not be ignorant. For yet it is not pafled the
memorie of man, that your king made promiffe to haue mett king Hemie the eght
at Torke ; whofe purpofe (albeit in other things I do not alow him) in that cafe was
moft gudlie and praile worthie. For it was to make an end of that vr.godlie warre,
and cruell murther, which longe had continued betwixt the tworea!m^■. Your king,
I fay, made promifle to mere him ; the breche whereof, as it was the occaflon of much
trouble, fo is it euidently knowen, that your cardinal, and his clergie laboured and
procured the fame. For it is not vnknown to famme amongeft you, how manie thou-
fand crownes the churchmen didpromiffe for maintenance of the warre, which king
Hetnrie did denounce by the reafon of that breche. Superfluous it were fo mc, to recite
all the caufes moving your peftiJent preefies to folicitat your king to thatinfidelitie.
But this is mofl: euident, that they feared nothing, but the fall of their glorie. and
the trouble of their kingdome, which then in England beganne to be Ihaken by fup-
prelling oftheabbaies. This mouedyourpreeftesearneflly to labour, that your kinge
Ihould falfly breake his promifle. But what affldlion ye fuilained by that and other
their pradHfes, your felues can witneffc. For your borderrs were deftroyed, your
nobilitie for the moft parte were taken prifoners, and your king for forowe fodenly
died. But thefe your miferies did nothing moue your preeftes to repentance, but ra-
ther did inflame them againfl: God, and againft the profit of their native realme.
For when again after the death of your kinge, your frendlhip and favours were foghr,
firft by king Henr'ie, and after his Death by king Edward his fonne, and by him,
who then was chofen Proteftour, how craftely, 1 fiy, did then your preef^es vnder-
miae all, 3'e are no( ignorant. When your Governoure with the confent of the mofl
part of the nobilitiehad folemnelie fworn in the abbaie ofHaUroode houfe, fir Raphe
Sadler then being embaffadoor for Eyigland to perform themarriagerontrafted betwiit
king Edvardand youryongequene, and faithfully to ftand to euetie point concluded
and agreed for perfurmance of that vnion, when feales were interchanged, and the
embafladour dimifled, what flurr, tumult, and fedition raifed your cardinal in that
your realme, it is not vnknowen; to witt,how that by his craft and malice the realme
wasdeuided, the gouernor compelled to feke his favour, to violate his oth, and fo to
becomme infamous for ever. And finallie,'by the pride of the pajiftes was that leage
broken. But what did thereof enfue .'' Edihburgb, Leitb, Dundie, yea the mofl part
of the realme did fele. Your fhippes were flayed, your gooddes vure lofl, your
chefe townes were burned, andac the end the beailtie'of your realme did fall in -the
A a a a a a ed;;
" '■' -"i " ' ■ — — ■
4^2 Anthony Gtlby tO England and Scotland,
edge of the fworde, the handof Godmanifeftlyfeightingagainftyou, becaufe againft
your folemne oth ye did feght againft them, who foght your fauours by that godlie
coniundion, which before was promifed. But ftill proceaded your ennemies the
clergie, and their adherentes in their purpofed malice. Wonder not that I terme
them your enemies. For albeit they be your countrie men, yet becaufe they feke
nothing more, then the maintainance of their owne kingdome, which is the power
ofdarcknes, and the kingdome of Antichrilt, they are becomme coniured enemies
to euerie citie, nation or man, that labour to comme to the knoUedge of the truetb.
That peftilent generation, I fay, did not ceafe, till they obteined their purpofe, by
deliuering your yonge quene to the handes of the French king, afliiredly mindinge
by that means to cut foreuer the knot of the frendlhip, that might have enfued be-
twixt Englcmi zndi Scotland by that godly coniunftion. What the papiftes feared is
manifeft. For then Chrift lefus being more purely preached in Evghnd, then at anie
time before, would fhortlie haue fupprefled their pride and vain glorie •• and there-
fore they raged, that he fliould not reign above them alfo. But what is like to ap-
prthend you, for becaufe ye did not betimes withftand their moft wicked counHls,
wife men do confider. How heauie and vnpleafant fhall the burthen and yock of 3
Frenchman be to your (boulders and necks, God graunt that experience do not teach
you. But to returne to my former purpofe, by all thofe means reherfed, by bismef-
fengers, by the blood of his fainSs ftied amongeft you, by favours and frendfhip,
by warre and the fword, yea by famin and peftilence, and all other means, hath
God your merciful father called you to labour in his vineyard, but to this day, a-
las, we hear not of your humble obedience, but flil ye faie with ftubburn feces, we
will not labour, we will not be bounde to fuch thraldome, to abide the burthens of
the vineyard. Ye think perchance I am to iharpe, and that I accufe you more than
you deferue. For amongeft you manie do know the will of your father, and many
make profeflion of his ghofpel, but conlider,brethren, that it is not enoughe to know
the commandement, and to profe0e the fame in mouth, but it is neceJOTarie, that ye
refufe your felues, your owne plealiires, appetites, and your owne wifdome, if ye
(hall be iadged faithfuU labourers in the Lordes vineyard, and that ye bear thg bur-
thens togither with your Brethren, and fuftire heate, aid fWeste, before ye tafte the
frutes with them. God will not ftand content, that ye loke ouer the hedge, and be>
holde the labours of your brethren, but he reguireth, that ye put your handes alfb
to your labours, that ye trauail continually to pluck vpp all vnprofitable wedes,
albeit in fo doing the thornes prick you to the hard bones: that ye affift your bre-
thren in their labours, thoghe it be with the ieopardie of your lifes, the loHe of
your fubftance, and difpleafure of the hole earthe* Except that thus ye be minded
to labour, the Lord of the vineyardewil not acknolledge you for his faithful feruantes.
And becaufe this matter is of weight and great importance, I will fpeake fomewhafe
more plainliefor your inftru£i:ion. It is bruted (to the greate comfort of all godlie
that heare it) that fomme of you (deare brethren of Scotland) do defire Chrift lefus to
be faithfuUie preached amongeft you, which thing if from the heart you defire and
with godlie wifdome and ftowt courrage folow your purpofe and enterprife, ye fliall
be blefled of the Lord foreuer. But in the beginning yemuft beware that ye folow
not the example of your brethren of England^ in whofe handes albeit the work of the
Lord appeared to profper for a time, yet becaufe the eye was not fingle, we fee to
our grief the ouerthrow of the fame. They began to plante Chrift lefus in the heartes
of the people, and to banilh that Romijl) Antichrift, they did driue owt the filtbie
fwine from their dennes and holes (I mean the monkes and other fuch papifticall ver-
min from their cloifters and abbaies). This was a good beginning, but alas in the
one and the other there was great faulte. For the banislhing of that Romijl) Antichrifl
was rather by the feare of the lawes pronounced againft him by ades of parliament,
then by the livelie preaching of Chrift lefus, and by the difcovering of his abomina-
tions. And the fuppreiHon of the abbaies did rather fmell of auarice, then of true
religion. Thofe venemous locuftes, which before were holden within their cloifters,
were then fent abrode to deftroie all good and grene herbes. For fuperftitious freers,
ignorant monks, and idle abots, were made archbifhoppes, biflioppes, perfons, vi-
cars, and fuch asoght to fede the foules of men : who thus fet at libeitie did continu-
ally
Anthony Gilhy tO England and Scotland. 4.^^
ally wroot up theLord's vineyard. And one craftyGardcner, whofe name wrjs Stephen,
hauing woli lik conditions, did maintain many a vvolfe, did Cow wicked feed in the
garden, and cherilhed manie weedes to deface the vineyard. And his maid Marie
who after was his maftres, new married to Philip, wanting no wil to wickednes when
(he was at the weakeft nor ftomake to do euiil, when the gat the maftrie, did che-
rilhe manie weedes. Thole two I fay hauefo broken the hedges of the feme vine-
yarde, (God fo puniihing the finnes of thofe, that oght to haue made better proui-
ilon for the fame) that the husbandmen are hanged vp, the diggars, drefTours and
Planters are baniflied, prifoned and burned. Such hauocke is made, that al wilde
eaftes haue power to pollute the fanctuarie of the Lorde. O heauens beholde her
crueltie, o earthe cry for vengeance, o fea«, and deferte mountains, witnefles of her
wickednes, breake fnrtne againll this monfter oiEngUni. But whether do I runne
by the bitternes of mie grete ? I mufl needes leaue the o Scotland, after that I haue ad-
uertifed the of this, that thoufolow not the example, as I haue faid, oC England -.hut
in the bowels ot Chrift lefus I exhorte the, that if tnoupretendeft any reformation in
religion, which is the chefe labour of the vineyard, that thou do it at thefirft with
a fiugle eye, and all fimplicitie, that from yeare to yeare thou be not compelled to
change, as was England^ but let thy reformation be full and plaine, according to
goddes holie will and worde without addition. Let all the plantes, which thy hea-
uenlie father hath not planted, be rooted owt at once. Jet not avarice blind the, nei-
ther yet worldlie wifdom difcourage thy heart, let none beare the name of a teacher,
that is knowen to be a fufterer of fupeiflition, or anie kind of wickednes. And
thou fo doing (halt moue God of his greate mercie to fend unto the faithfull worke
men in abundance, to bleflethe worke, that thou pretended in the vineyard, and to
preferue the to the glorie of his own name, and to thy everlafting romtorte.' Thus
moft thou Scotland repent thy fornaer inobedience, if that thou wilt be approued of
the Lord. And now do I return to the (O England) I do liken the to ihe feconde
fonne in the parable which anfwered his father with flattering wordes, faying,
Ig» father, but yet he went not at all. For fence the time, that 1 had any remem-
brance, our heauenlie father of his great mercies hath not ceafed to call the in to
his vineyard, and to thefe late daies thou halt faid alwayes, that thou weldeft en>
ter and be obedient. In the time of king Henrie the eght, when hy Tyndale, Frith,
Bylany, and other his faithfull femantes God called England to drefle his vineyard
many promifed full faire, whome I could name. But what frute folowed > No-
thing but bitter grapes, yea breeres and brambles, the wormewood of auarice, the
gall of crueltie, the poifon of filthie fornication, flowing from head to foote, the
contempt of God and open defenfe of the Cake Idol by open proclamation to be red
in the Churches in the ftead of Goddes fcriptures. Tnus was there no reformation,
but a deformation in the tyme of that tyrant and lecherous monfter. The bore I
grante was bufie wrooting and digging in the earth, and all his pigges that folow
«1 him. But they foght only for the pleafant frutes, that they winded with their
longe fnowtes. And for their own bellies fake they wrooted vp many wteds, but
they turned the grounde fo, mingling good and badd togither, fwete'and fowre,
medicine and poyfon, they made, I fay, fuch confufion of religion and lawes, that
no good thing could grow, but by great miracle, vnder fuch Gardners. And no
Bieruail, if it be rightHe confidered : For this bore raged againft God, againft
Deuill, againft Chrift and lagainft Antichrilt, as the fome that he call owt againft
Lvtber, the racing furth of the name of the Pope, and yet alowing his laws, and
bis murther of manie chriltian fouldiours, and of many papiftes, do clearlie and
euidentlie teftifie vnto vs. Efpeciallie the burning of Barnes, leromie, and Garrat^
three faithful preachers of the trueth, and hanging the fame day for maintainance
of the Pope, Powel, Abel, and Petherftme, doth clearlie paint his beaftlines, that he
cared for no maner of religion. This monftrous bore for al this mull nedes be cal-
led the head of theChurhe in paine of treafon, difplacing Chrift our onlic head,
who oght alone to haue th's title. Wherfore in this pointe (0 England) ye were
no better then the Romisbe Antichrift, who by the fame title makcth himfelfe 4
God, fitteth in mennes confciences, bannisheth the worde of God, as did your king
BtKrie^ whome ye fo magnifie. For in his beft time nothing was hard, but the
A a a a a a 2 Idogi
4^4 Antbo'm Giihy tO Engl dad '^indi Scothnd.
Icinss booke, and the kings proctdings, the kinges horaelies in the Churcbes,'where
Goddes word should onely haue bene preached. So made yon j'our king a God, be- ,
leain<» noihing but that he alowed. But how he died, I will rot uiiretor shame.
I wilfnot name how he turned to his vomet- I will not write your other wicked-
nes of thofe times, your murthers without meafure, adulteries and incefies of your
kinee, his lordes, and coHWfiunes. Ir grtueth me to write thofe euils of my coun-
trie,laue onlie that I mufl: nedes declare, what frutes were founde in the vineyard
after you promifed to worke therein, to moue you to repentance, ar:d to iuftifie ^
Godds iudgements, how greuoufly fo cuer he shall plage you hereafter, VS hereior
I defire vou to call to remembrance your beft fta;e vnder king Edward^ when all
men with generall confent promifed to worke in the vineyard, and ye shall haue
caufe I doiibte not to lament your wickednes, that fo contemned the voice of God
for your owne luftes, for your crueltie, for your couetoufnes, that the name of
God was by your vanities euill fpoken of in other nations. I will name no parti-
culare thinges, becaus I reuerenre thofe times, faue onlie the killing of both the
kinges vncles, and the prifonnement'of Hoper for popishe garments. God graunt
^roti all repentant heartes, for no order nor flate did any part of his duetie
in thofe dayes. But to fpeak of the bfefl, whereof ye vfe to boaft, your re-
ligion was but zn'BvgliP) matyns, patched furthe of the popes portelTe, many things
were in your great booke fuperfticious and foolifhe, all were driuen to a prefcripte
feruice lyke the papifles, that they Ihould think theyr dueties difcharged, if the
nombre were faid of pfalmes and chapters. Finally, There could no dilcipline be
broght into the Churche, nor corredion of maners. I will touche no further abufes,
yet willing and deliering you to confider them in your heartes, that knowing your
ne^'ligence ye may bring furth frutes of repentance. For this I admoniflie you (O
ye people of EngUnd.) wherefoeuer you be fcattered or placed, that onles ye do right
fpedely repent of your former negligence, it is not the Spanyardes only, that ye
haue to feare, asroddes of Goddes wrath, but all other nations, France^ Turkie,iir\d
Denmarke, yea all creatures (hall be ^rmed againft you for the contempt of thofe
tymes, when your heauenlie father fo mercifullie called you. To what contempt
was Goddes worde and the admonition of his prophetes comme in all eftates, before
God did flryke, fomme men are not ignorant. The preachers themfelues for the
mofl: part could fynd no fault in religion, but that the Churche was poore and
lacked liuing. Trueth it is, that the abbay landes and other fuch reuenues, as a-
fore appertained to the papifiicall Churche, were moft wickedly and vngodly fpent,
but yet many thinges would haue bene reformed, before that the kitching had bene
better prouided for to our prelates in Eiigland. It was mofle euident, that many
of you vnder the cloke of religion ferued your own bellies : Somme were fo bufie
to heap benefice vpon benefice, fome to labour in parlament for purchefing of
lands, that the tyme was linall, which could be found for the reformation of abufes,
and very litle, which was fpent vpon the feeding of your fiockes. 1 nede not nowr,
to examine particular crimes of preachers. Only I fay, that the Ghofpell was fo A
lightly eftemed, that the moft part of men thoght rather that God Ihould bow and
obey to their appetites, then that they fhould be fubieft to his holie commaunde-
ments. For the communes did continew in malice and rebellion, in craft and fub-
tiltie notwithlfanding all lawes that could be deuifed for reformation of abufes.
The merchants had their own foules to fell for gaines, the gentlemen were become
Nmnrods and Gyants-, and the nobilitie and counfile would fufFer no rebukes of
Gods mefTengers, thogh their offenfes were neuer fb manifefl. Let thofe, that
preached in the court, the lent before kingEdmard deceafed, fpeak their confcience,
and accnfe me, if I lie, yea let a writing; writren by that miferable man, then duk
of Northimhe.rhnd to mafter Harlow for that time Byfhope of Harford^ be broght to
lighte, and it Ihall teftifie, that he afhamed not to fay, that the libertie of the
preachers tonge-i would caufe the counfile and nobilitie to' ryfe vppe againfl them:
For they could not fuffer fo to be infreated. The/ie were the frutes e\xt . in the
tyme of haruelf a litle be^re the winter came. And of the tyme oi AJjrie what
fhouid 1 write ? En^hvd is now fo miferable, that no i enne i an paynf n It ( ea-
le'th to be in the nomber of children, becaufe it openly delpiteth Gud the father It
hach
Anthony Gtlby tO EngLvjc^ and Scotland. ,4.^5
bath raft ot the trueth knowen and confifTed, and foloweth lies and errours which
once it derefted. It biiyldedi the buj-Jding, which it once deltroycd: It' raifcth
vp the idi Is, which once were there confounded: It murthrjeth the faindes it
inainteineth fiaah prophetes by thecommaundement of lej'abel. Such are ti e cull
hufbandfs, that now haiinte ihe vineyaid, Co that this is true, that our Sauiour
Chrilt faieth, The Lord hymfdfe bjth pbiited a [aire vhieyari^ he hedged it round about^
and buylded a tnvre^ ^c. and when the tyme of tbe/mte drew jure, he fetit hitferujnte)
to the tilmen Dreceyue the jrutes thereof, but they caught his Jeruatites^ they bett one^
they killed avotber^ avdjioned others. Jgaine he Jent other feruants mo,' avd they feruei
them likewije.
What nede any eipofition to applie this vnXo Rrghrtd ? All is fulfilled that is
fpoken in that parable, onles they do viaite for the fonne hymfelfe, for to' coinme,
that they may handle hym lykewife, as tliey haae done his feruantes. But all is
one, faieth our Sauiour Chrift, /7)jf, vhicb ye do to one of thefe litle or.s, the fame ys
do to me, be it good or bad. Jf'hydorJ} thou pcrfecute me, faieih Chrifl: to Saul, when
he was, as he now is, at the right hand of God his father in the heauens, Therfor
they perfecute, they banifhe, they burne Chrifi the fonne of God in his membres.
The ludgement therefore now remainah, whi: h the wicked then gaue againft thein-
Iclues, That the Lord of the vineyard will cruelly dejiroy thofe euill perfojts, and will let
furtb bis vineyard vnti other hujbandes.
And the confirmatioH of the fame by the fentence of the chefe iudge, that the
k'lngdume oj God full be taken jromfuch, and geuen to a people, that f)aU brivge jurtb
the frvtei thereof.
The which iudgemenf is begonne xnEnglande, and fhortly alas will be fully exe-
cu cd and fii;ilh>^d ivithout right fpedie repentance. Somine hope is in Scotland^
which hath not lliewed furih any nuhcruekie,and hath nor contemned the knowen
trtatures: Bin Ivke wanton children haue contemnjcd the commaundement of
theyr father, paitely of frailtie, partly of ignorance. But England the feruante
tlwt knew the will of his Lord and maifter which was once lightened with molt
clere bcaines, which hath tafled of the Iwetenes of the worde of God, and of the
ioyes ot the worlde to comme, whicli hath abiured Antichrilt, and all idolatrie,
which hath ooafted to profefTe Chnft with greate boldnes before all the worlde,
mull be beaten with many ftripes, it cannot be auoided.
But to be ihorte (his only remaineth for bothe thefe nations, that they repent
and returne into the vineyard with the fyrfl fonne. For neither fhall ignorance
excule any la.i i or na'ion, as is playn in the fyrlt to the Rcmnies, neither can any
people be reccyued without the frufes of repentanre, as Lbn Bjptiji proilaimeth.
The frutes ot repentance I call not only to know your fynnes, and to lament
thfm, but to amend your lines, and to make ftreght the Lordes pathes by refifting
Sdian and fynne, and obeying God in doing the workes of righteoufnes, and eiecu-
ti"fiGi.d(ics precepts and iiidgementes. fo longe amongeft you contemned. For
euen nw is the axe put to the roote of the tree, fo that euerie tree, that bringeth not furtb
gnode frtite, f.\itl be hrven downe, ard cajl ivtn thefier. The Lord hath vnw bis fanne in
bii b-tiide, avd .till purge his f re, and gather the tpljeats into bis garner, but will burne
the cbjfe with vniiuivtbable fer.
Rtpcnt therefore, whiles ye haue ty.me, before ye be fanned, hewen downe and
fiered When I do b hold both your two realmes, I fee the fanne, I fee the axe.
hut this I am iiier is the begynningof your mine, that ye do mary with ftrangers,
aiidgiue your power to forraine nations, fuch as feare not God, but are open idola-
ters, blafpbemers, perfecurers of the faincts of God, that careth neither for heauen
nor hell, God norl)eiiill, fo that they may Wynne landes, townes and countries.
G 'd Ihall hew you downe by them therefore, as he hath done other nations by like
incanes an.l caufes, and they ihall fanne you furthe of your own huikes and homes,
to make you vajaboundes and beggars, and after pofleiTe your landes and goods,
as G'xl threatned by Mofes, as wus before alledgcd. Trufi: not to thy flrengthe af-
t<i- ward, when thy ennemie is fetled, if thou haue no Itrengthe to refift his begin-
iiiiiee-, no more then thou ranft ouetcome a canker that hath ouerrunne many
membres. That God would not haue yon to truiie to your force of men, townes,
B b b b b b or
^66 Anthoni Gilhy to Euglmd and ^cQtbnd.
or cartels, there, is enough examples, that you bothe hauefelt to your grefe. And
I cannot write without murning. For how litle auailed the multitude, and ftowc
courrage of you (dear brethren of Scot/-iKi) att Mujftlhurgb, or Pivhjitld, the car-
cafes aiasof many thoufands, who that day lell in the edge of the iwotde, t\)ky
teach you. And howvaine be all ftrengthes, (be they iudged neuer fo ftronge, Or
inexpugnable ?) lett dike lately taken adinoniih you. • '«
But 1 do leaue fuch examples to your confiderations to teache you to call to trie
liuingeLord, who offereth himfelfe, as a merciful! father vnto you, ftill calling
you to repentance by wordes, by wri^inges, and moH gentle eorredions, if ye will
not be harde har,ted. , ^
^ Yet here haue we to lament the miferable ftate of mankinde, which is fo feduced
by the fubtile ferpent^ that he cannot know his miferie, when he is admoni{hed,nor
perceaiie his perdition, when it draweth fo nere. When the feruantes of Gcd fet
furth his trueth, they are charged to trouble realmqs, and countries, as was EHas :
When they warne men not to ioynehaudes with wicked kiiiges and princes, they
are counted traitours, as was BJlnns and Lremias. Such is mannes malice. But if
there be a God, that is firft of all to be foghc, and without whome nothing can be
profitable vnto vs, but without him all thniges are vnhappie and accurfed: If th^
kingdome of God and the righteoufnes thereof mufl; fiill be foght, and then all
tbinges Ihall be miniftred •• If our heauenlie kinge rnuft before man be obeyed,
then all tuch doftrine, as calleth us from man to God, is eafie to be perceaued, antj
oght not to be refifted. Wherfore I do admoniih and exhorte you bothe in the
name of the liuinge God, that howfoeuer you haue hitherto fhewed your feluesfhe
feruants of men to beare and to flatter with the worlde, that now ye leame ia
Goddes caufe to defpife the fiices ot men, to bend your felues againft this wicked
world, neither regarding the vifars of honours, vaine titles nor dignities any fur-
ther, then they feke God his onlie glorie. For his glorie will he not luffer to b?
contemned for any caufe. No, he will powre contempt on thofe princes, that
ftr iue againft his trueth.- But thofe, that glorifie him, will he glorifie. And
what kmgdome, realme or nation fo euer it be, that will not feke to fatiftifie his
name, they Ihall in the day of Goddes greuous vifitation, which is now at hand,
be vtterly confounded, their ftrengrh Ihal be ftraw, their honours (hal be ibame,
and all their idolatrous preeftes, in whofe lies they delyte, togitherwith their idols,
wi'h whome they are bewitched, fhall be ftubble and brimftone to buri.e togither,
when the wrathe of the Lorde of hoftes (hall fet them on fier. The preeftes fhall
not faue their Goddes, nor the Gcddes their wotfhippers, but both alike accurfed
(hall they perilh for euer. And thoghe our merciful! father hathe longe fuffred
heretofore in the time of ignorance, yet now in the ende of the world he talleth
all people fo plainely by his worde to repentance, that he muft nedes take fptdiie
vengeance, if his calling be contemned, efpeciallie becaufe the day cannot long be
(lelayed, wherein he hath determined to fudge all people and nations of the whole
world, and to put an end to wickednes.
Wherefore to conclude, behold, your onlie remedie remaineth to repent yout
time of ignorance, of flubburnnes, ofcrueltie, of idolatrie, wherein ye haue fb
long continued. And now with all diligence to feke for knolledge of the worde
of God, and openlie to profefle theGhofpell, which is the power of God^ whereof
ye oght not to be alhamed. Ceafe at the lafi from your olde flubburnt>es, wher-
bie ye haue deferued vengeance, and labour in the vineyard with all mekenes, that
ye may receaue mercie and grace .• Ceafe from j'our cruehie againft Chriftes mem-
bres, and learne to fufFer for Chriftes fake, if ye will be true chrifiians: Banifh
all idolatrie and popifhe fuperftition from amongeft you, els can ye haue no parte
in Chriftes kingdome, no more then Chrift can he partaker with Antichrift. Pray
to the Lord of holies and armies to giue you the courrage ftrengrhe, and mean^
The Lord esarme is not Ihortened now, no more then of olJe. Be ftronge there-
fore in the Lord for the defence of the trueth, thogh all the worlde rife againft itt.
Now when the batlaile is fierce againft the liuinge God for dead idols, (euen for
the vile wafer cake, themoft vaine idol that euer was) againft theGhofpel of Chrift
for the inuentions of Antichrift, agtinft Chriftes m.embres forPopiIhe ceremonies,
can
Anlhoni Gilby tO Er.^lM and ScOihnd. 4^7
can any of you, that wjl be compted Gods children, ftyll halt of bothe handes'
It ihat cake baked in yron conges, not able to abide a blaft of winde, be the eter-
nal God, folow It: But if he only be God, that hath created the heauens, abhorre
fuche vile idols, that have no force to fjue theinfelues : it Chriftes Ghofpel and
doctrine be futficient to faluation, and by receauiiig of it ye ate railed Qiriltians,
away with all Antichriftes inuentions broght into your Romijh Churches : If you
hope to haue any pane with Chiilt, cheriihe his membres and maiiitaine them a-
e«n(t their ennemies the Papides, and the bifhoppe of Rome the verie Antichrifte.
What ftrengthe, what force, what power, what counfil lb euer ye haue of God,
bende all to this ende and purpofe, as ye will make anfwere to your heauenly king
lor the talent receaued. if you haue no regarde of thofe principal pointes, which
onlie or rhiefiie ihould be before your eyes, go to with your forraine maxiages,
joyne Frame to ScotLmd, and Spjyne to hughnd, if it be pollible, yet Ihall ye all be
confounded. The Lord fhall plage you one with another, vntill you be confumed,
your it:ength, wherein ye truft, ihall be fhaken to naught, your courragelhal be
cowardife, your wifdotn (hall be folie, and the Lord of holtes by your mine and
deftru£tion will berenowntd and praifed, and his iult iudgements throughowt the
earth Ihal be honoured and feared. Whereof the cootrari^ if you wjll maintaiqe
Gods frueth in theearthe, he will receaueyou as his children into the heauens^ if
you confelTe hisChrilte before this wicked generation, Cbrift (hall confefTe you be-
fore his father in the heauens, in the prefeme of his angels. But if yon perfifte
ftubburnlie to banifhe Goddes worde, and his fonne Chrill in his membres furth of
your earthlie kingdomes, how can ye loke for anie parte in his heauenlie kingdom?
Muchemore if ye continue to munher his melRngers, what cau ye loke for amon^ft
your felues, but that ye ihoulde digge one in anothers bellie to be your own mur-
therers > So that if ye wil ftil remaine after all thefe admonitions in your murthers
and idolatries, be fuer, that in this worlde ye iTiall haue enoghe of your idolatries,
«nd you flial be filled with blooddie murthers, and in the end ye fhall be iudged
vitbnut the gJtes of the heiietilie lerufalem amotif^eP' the dogges, cnchaunters^ booremo»gert
avd murtberers^ and idolatert, with all thofe that loueth lies. But be, that ouercommetb
all theje, (lull inherit allthinges. and I will be his God, faietb the Lord, and- he Jljall
bemyjonve. ITbareas the fearefiill in Gods CJvfe, the vnbeleuing, the abominable^ the
murtbrrers^ h"mrmo«gers, fonerers and idolaters, fjall baue thjeir parte in the lake, that
tutveih BTith fitr and brynifove.
Lo here is the choife of life and deathe, of miferie and welthe offred vnto yoji
by Gi)ds mercies, and the ineanes how yow may winne Goddes fauour opened,wber-
bie nnelie ye may preuaile againft your ennemies. God graunte you heartes to an-
fwer as the people did to IJiia offering the like choyfe. God for by d {fay they) that
ve ihoulde forfake God, we willferue ths Lorde our God and obey bis voice, for he is owr
God.
c And we your banifhed brethren by the power of God to prouoke you forward,
will thus pronounce with /{/i/ J, That we and our families vill feme the Lorde God^
thoghe all nations rwme to idols^ thoghe all people dfi perfecute vs. tt'^e knowe that
Saian hathe but a shorre time to rage, and that Chrifte our capcaine right fpedeljr
will crowne his fouldiours, to whome, as he is the eternal God with hi« father, be
qil honour and glorie fgr euer and euer. So be it.
B b I b b b I THE
4^8
THE
FIRST
LAST
OF THE
TRUMP E T
AGAINSTTHE
Monftrous Regiment of Women.
The PREFACE.
T^tf Kingdom appertaineth to our GOT),
0 N D E R it is, that among]} fo ma7iy prfgnavt wites, as the
ije oj Great Britainny hath produced, jo manygcdly avdzsalous
Preachers as England did fometime JtowiJI), and amovgjl fo
mavy learned, aftd men of grave jvdgmt vt as at this day by
Ifabel are exiled^ nojie is found fojlout of courage, fo faith-
full to God, nor loving to their native country, that they dam
admoniJI) the inhabitants of that ijle,_ how abominable before,
God is the empireorruleofa wicked rvoman^yea of atraitroufe^
and haflard, and what a people or nation left deflitute of a
lawfull head may do, by the authority of God's word, in ekS-
ing and appointing common rulers and magiUrates. That ijle (alace) for the contempt
and horrible abiife of Gods mercies offered, and for the fiamefull revolting to Sathanjrom
Cbriji Jefus, and from his Gofpcl'wice profeffeJ, doth jvHly merit to be left in the hands
of their own eomifel, a.vd fo to come to conjii/in, and bondage of fir angers. But yet I
fear that this univerfal negligence (ffuch as were fomstimes ejleemcd Watch men, ff}aU ra-
ther aggravate our fo-vier ingratitude^ than excvfe this our univtrjal ungodly f knee iv fo
weighty a matter, tf'e fee our country fct fitrih for a. prey to forrane n.niuns^ xft bear
the blood of our brethren the members of Chrijl Jefus, mojf cruelly to be (lied^ and the
monffrous empire of a cruel woman (thefecrit couvjsl of God excpted) we know to be the
only occafon if all thefe miferies ; And yet with jilence rre p.-i[fe the tif/ie as thoup,h the
natter appertained nothing to us. But the contrary examples of the avciettt prophets move
tne to doubt of this fa:l. for \\x3it\ did univerfally decline from God by imbracing ido-
/jfrv aW(^«' Jeroboam, inwbichthsy coniinued even tothe De/IiuSion of their Common-
wealthy
The P R E F A C E. 4^51
vealtb, (a) ^vd Juda v:tb Jeriifalem did follow th: vile fuperflition and ofiev inquiiy of
Samaria •• I't thcPropbits of Gd ■' ' " t to .tdtih.vij/; ihc cvc ard the ether ^ yea even af-
ter Gcdbad f'jttrca forth hiiPl.i^^vc .-ri; /rr Jciciny {h)did nrite to the( jjtiva in
Kabylon,.inJ didconcS their tr) un. pliirAy ivJIrndirgtheTn trho didrpnJin ir.tb^it idol%:
trcvs Nati'jv. Ezekiel (i)/ra»j theniidp tif bis Bretbttt hif.vitt (>/<Jial(ki''r' ' -rite bis
Vijicn totbofetb.n mre m Jerufalem ; arJfhnply nhukiny, their Vice': ol i •■) that
they fl)ould not efceipe Gad's Vevgeajice, by Re.if(,n oj their Jbuntituttii^ ' 'J he
fame prophets for comfort (f God's ajjiided fi'mts, who lay bid awov^fi ;,. ;^;u ,.,. of that
age (js corn iotb commonly amotifjl the ch.ijfe)-did ptopb'fc the charges cf kir^i .ms^ t:epn-
vijlimetit of tyrants^ avd the vengeance which God vmild i xetutc vpnibe ( pprtjfits- oj hit
people. The fame did Daniel, avd the rsH of the prophets^ every one in t' eirje^cv, (d) hj
vboje examples, and by the plaijt precepjt wlnth wis given to tzekie), ammavdirg that be
Jhalljjy to the wicked, thou Ihaltdiethe death, fie in this mijerable age are b. uvd to
admonijb the world, ar^d tyrants thereof of their Juddcn dfruciicv, and tOiJj'ure thm.avd
to cry to them, vhetherthey will le.n or not^ thit the ♦/:(.</ of.ltefaiiit5\v.-bi(i by thejnis
f)ed covtjnually, crieth and craveth viffgeaiice, in the i^efcnce^oj the Leri of Mojls. JUid
furtb:r it is oi,r duty to open the thing revealed to us^ v>:to the ignorant and blind world j
tinlejs that tJ our own covdemn^ition, vre lifl to vrape vp and bide the talent committtd to
cvr charge. I am ajfured^ that God hath revealed to font: in this cur age, tuat it is mure
than i7 tionjler in v.itiire, that a woman Jf)all reign atid have empire above man. And yvt
wiih lit all, there is fiich Jilence., as if God therewith were ^thiK ojfendeS. :Jbe ftatural
mm, meviy to God , fkall jind I know many cmfes:^ why no fuik) d: Sriue ougbtto bepiibiilh^d.
Firtt, For that it may Jeem to tend tofeelithv. Pe cor.dly. It (l)jlU>e davgerous^ nut only
to the writer or publijher, but aljn to (dl fxtch as f)all reader favcvr the fame. Thirdly,
It jhalt wt amend the chief r fenders.^ partly becavfe iff lall never ccme to their ear s^ part-
ly becaufe they will not be admonifjsd infuch cafes. I anfwer, if ayiy cf thefe be a fuficievt
Reafoft, that truth lnvv:n fi.ili be coKceakd, then were the ancient prophets of God very
fools, whop) uvided net better for their own quietnefs, then to h.iztrd their lines farrebuh-
ing of vices, and fr the opening ofjuch crimes as vere not known to the world, a:id Chrijl
jfjfiis did ir.jury to his Apofiles, commanding them to pr:ach repentanrc and reiniflion of
iins in his name, tmevery realm and nation ; and Paul did not underjfand his own li-
berty, when be cried, (e ) vvo to me,if I preach not the evangil. IJfear,Ifaj^ cfper-
fecution. flander, or any injonvenicncy before named, might have cxcuj'ed, and dffcbarged
thefcrvants of God, from plainly rebuking thefnsofthe world, jiiji caufe h^d every onecf
them to have ceafed from their (ffice •, for fuddenly their doSrine was accvfed by terms of
fedirion, ofv.tw leaning, and of rrealon. (i ) Fcrfeciiticn and vthemcnt trouble did
fljortly come vpon the projejfors with the preachers ; kings, princes and worldly rulers, did
covfpire agaivf God, and bis anointed Cbrifljefus. But did any of thefe wove the pro-
pbetiond ap'Jlles to faint in their vocation ? No, but by the refflance v^hich the Devil
made by bisj.ppcfts, were they the more inflamed, topvblifh the trvth revealed w to thin, .-
and to witnefs with their blood, that grievous condemnation ar.d Gcd's heavy vengeance
/buuld follow the proud contempt cf graces r^ered. The fidelity, bold courage avd conftanc^
oftbofe that are paffed before us, ought to provoke us to follow their foot fteps, uvlefs we
look for another kingdom, than Chrijl hath promifed tofuch as pnfevcre in the profeffion of
his name to the end. If ar.y think that the empire of v-cviev is net if Juch inportance
that for thefvppTeffmg of the fame, any man is bound to hazard bis life. I arjirer, that
tbfupprefs it is in the hand of God alone ; but to utter the impiety avd abomination there-
of, I fay, it is iv the band of every true mefferger cfGcd, to whom the truth is revealed
in that behalf God^s mejfergers much preach repentance and admorif) the (ffevdtrs of
their (fences ; but neither cj both can be done, except the covfcier.ce if the (ffenders he ac-
cufed ar.d co%vi8fdo} tranfgreffion. And therefore, I fay, that c/ nee eflity it is. that this
mcn/lrifercvs empire of women (which among all enormities this day abounding is mrfl de-
teftahhemd dannable) be openly revealed and plainly declared to the world, tothe crd that
fomeinay repent and befaved. Now tofuch as think that it will be long bejcre juch Do-
Srine come to thefe ears of the (ffenders -, I anfwer.^ that the verity of God is of that Nature
C c c c c c thai
C<j) Ezek. xvi. (i) Jerm. jrxix. U) Ezek. vii. viii. ix. (d) Ifa. xiii. Jer. xlvi. Exelr.
nxr'u {t) I Cor. ix. (/) Mat. xxvi. A£t» xviii. xxi. Pfal.ii. Ails iv.
470 The PREFACE.
that o«e time or other it will pur chafe to itfelj audiertce-, it is an odour and a fmell that
cannot hefuppren, yea, it is a trumpet that v/ill found, in dejpite of the aJvcrfries ; it
will compel the very ejiemies to their confujion, to te[iifie and bear witnefs of it : For I find
that the prophefe and preaching o/Klilha, was declared in the hall of the king 0/ Syria by
the fervant. and jtatteiers of thej'ame wicked king, making mention, that Elilha declared to
thekingofli'tze\,n'hatJoevcrtbefaidki}tgof6yiuifpoke in his mojl fecret chamber.
(h) Andthe wondrous works ofJefusChriU were notified to Herod, not in any great com'
mendiition of his doSriiie : but rather to fgnifie, that ChriB called that tyrant ^ fox, and
that he did no more regard his authority than Jolin the EaptiB, whom Herod befort had
beheaded jor the liberty of his tongve. (i)Thvs it is certain, that the fame as well of ChriU's
doUrine as of his works, came to the ears o/Herod. Even fo inay the found of our weak
trutfipet, by thefvpport offome wind {blow it from the fouth or from the north) come to
the ears of thofe (fenders. But whether it do or not, yet we dare not ceafe to blow as God
will give Urength. For we are debt^^rs to more than to princes, to wit, to the multitude of
our brethren, of whom, no doubt, a great number have heretofore (fended by error and
ignorance, giving their fnffrages, confent and help to efiablij!) women in their kingdoms
and empire, notwithjlanding how abominable, odious and deteflable is all fuch vfurped au-
thority in God's prefence. And therefore mufl the truth be plainly fpoken, that the fmple
avd rude multitude may be admonished, and all, concerning the danger which may hereof
enfue. I have laid mine account what the finishing of this work may co[i me for my own
part. Firft, 1 aju •not ignorant how difficile avd dangerous it is tofpeak againfi a com-
mon error, fpecially when the ambitious minds of men and women are called to the obedi'
ence of God's fi'mple commandment : for to the moji part of men lawful and godly appeareth^
whatfoever antiquity hath received. Secondly, / look to have mine adverfaries not only
of the ignorant multitude, but alfo of the wife, polite and quiet Jpirits of the world: And
thus I am moB certainly perfuaded, that my labour shall nst efcape reprehenfion of many.
But becaufe I remember the acco7iipts of the talents received miijl be made to him, who nei-
ther rejpeSieth the multitude, neither yet approveth the wifdom, policy, peace nor antiquity,
concluding or determining an thing againjt his eternal will, revealed to us in his moll blejf
edword, lam compelled to cover mine eyes, and shut mine ears, that I neither fee the mul-
titude that in this matter shall withjland me, neither hear the opprobries, nor conjider thi
dangers which I ?nay incur for littering the fame. I shall be called foolish, curious defpit-.
ful, and afower offedition ; and oyie day perchance (although now I be namelefs) I may bi
attainted oftreafon. But feeing impofiible it is, buithat either Ishallcffend daily, calling
to myconfcience, that 1 ought to manifeji the verity known, or elfe that I shall dijpleafe
the world for doing the fame ; I am determined to obey God,7wtwithJtanding that the world
should rage thereat. I know that the world offended may (by God's permijfion) kill the body 5
bus God's majefly being offended, hath power to punish foul and body for ever. God is of-
fended when his precepts are contemned, and his threatnings efieemed to be of no effetl ; And
amongR his manifold precepts given to his prophets, and amongfi his threatnings, none is
move vehement than that which is pronounced to Ezekiel in thefe words, (k) Son of man
I have fee thee a watch man unto the houfe of Ifrael, therefore thou fhalt hear the
word at my mouth, and warn them from me -, when I fay unto the wicked. O
wicked man, thou fhalt furely die, if thou does not fpeak to warn the wicked
from his way, that wicked man lliall die in his iniquity, but his blood will I require
at thine hand •, neverthelefs, if thou warn the wicked of his way to turn from if,
if he do not turn from his way ; he ihull die in his iniquity, but thou haft delivered
thy Soul. This precept, I fay, with the threatning annexed, together with the reU that
is fpoken in thefame Chapter, 7wt to Ezekiei only, but to every one, whom Qod phcetb
watch-man over his people and flock (and watch me7i are they, wbefe eyes he doth open^
arid whofe confidence' he pricketh to admonish the ungodly) compelleth me to vtter my confci-
ejice in this matter, notwithjlanding that the whole world sh ould be offended with meforfo
doing. If any wonder why I do conceal my name, let him be affured, that the fear of cor-
poral punishment is neither the only, neither the chief caufe. My purpofe is thrice to blow
the trumpet in thefame matter, if God fo permit. Twice 1 intend to do it without name 5
but at the lafl BlaU to take the blame upon fnyfelf that all others way be purged.
THE
(6}Kings vi. 12. CO Mat. xiv. (k) Ezek. xxxlil.
^^ 47'
The firfl BLAST, to awake Women Degene-
rate.
O promote a woman to bear rule, fnperiority, dcminion, or em-
pire, above any realme, naticn or city, is rej-ugiiant to natiue,
contumely to God, a thing moll c ontrarious to his revealed r/ill
and approved ordinance, and finally the luhvcrlicn ot grod order,
of all equity and juftice. Hifi, 1 fay and affirm, that the emp?re
of a woman is repngvavt to tiattre : For who (sn deiy fur it re-
pugneth to nature, that the blind Ih.all be aj-icinted to Kad ard
conduct fuch as do fee, that the weak, fickand impotent Perlcns, ILculd nciirilh
and keep the hail and flrong •, and finally, that the loolifli, rrad and phrentick,
shall govern the difcreet, and give counfel tofiith as be of foher mind ? and fuch
be all women compared to man in bearing authority. For their fight in tivil Re-
giment is but blindnefs, their ftrength weaknefs, their counfel foolishnefs, and
judgement phrenfie, if it be rightly confidered. I eicept fuch as Gcd by firgular
priviledge, and for certain caufes, known only to himlelf, hath eieemed frcm the
common rank of women, and do fpeak of wcn:en, as nature and esperience do this
day declare them. Nature 1 fay doth paint thtm Icrih to Le weak, frail, impati-
ent, feeble and foolish j andcsperier.ee hath declared them to be uncoiiltanr, vari-
able, cruel, and void of the jpirit of cour.ftl and regiir.ert. For thde rotable
faults which in all ages have been elpied in thtm, men have» rot only removed
them frcm rule and authority, but alfo feme have thciight that rrm fubjf £> to
the counfel and empire of their wives, were unworthy of all public'k cffice. What
difference shall we put (faith ^ri/Fct/e (a) in the fuond of his Politicks) whether wo-
men bear authorit3%or husbands that obey the empire cf their wive?, be appointed
to be magiftrates ? For the injnfiice, confufion and difcrder which doth follow the
one, muft needs follow the other. The fame author luifher Teafci:eth, that the
policie or regiment of the Lacedemonians (who ctheiwife amerigft the GTtcicvs were
moft eicellent) was not worthy to be reputed nor atcci'nttd amorgft the number
of common- wealths well governed, becaufe the n.agiffraTcs and rulers cf the f me,
were too much given to pleafe and obey their wives. What would this writer I
pray you have laid to that realm er nation, where a wcman fitrcth crrwned in
parliair:tnt among the midit of n:en. O fearful ard terrible are thy jrdgements,
O Lord, which hath thus abafed man for his iniquity, li JriJIc tie ard ethers illu-
minafed only by the light of nature, did fee and prcrcunre caufes fuflficient why
wcmen ought not tobear rule or authority,! am fure if they were living this day,
to fee a woman fitting in judgement or riding frcm parliament in the midft of
men, having the royal crown upon her head, the fword ard fcepter bcrn before
her, in fign that adminlflration of juftice was in her power, they would le foafio-
nished with fuch a fight, that they would judge the world to be transformed into
Jmazoves, (b) and that fi:ch a metamorphofis ard charge li-as made of all the men
of that country, as poets do faire was made of all ctmpanicrs of Vhjfa, or at leaflj
that albeit the outward form of men remains, jet should they jtt'ge that their
hearts were charged from thewifdcm, undeifiar.ding acd courage of men to the
foolish fondnefs and cowardice of wcmen ; yea, they further should proncur.r e
that where women reign and be in authority, their vanity m.uft needs be preferred
Cccccc2 to
{a) z Tot. AriJlXl) jimaz^nes were moriflrous vcmen, that cculd riCt bide the fegirr.ent of aen,
and theiefoie killed theii husbands. Head Jvfi'we, Anfi, z hoi. Lib. ^o.derrgulu juris.
47 2 The firjl blall of ibe Trumpet ,
to virtue, ambition and pride to temperance and modefly, and finally that
avarice the mother of all mifchief mule needs there devour equity and juftice.
But let us hear what others have feen and decreed in this matter. In
the Rules of the law thus it is written, ' women are removed from all ci- ,
" vil and publick office, fo that they neither may be judges, reiihtr iray cccu-
" py the place oi" the magiftrare ; neither yet may be fpeakers for others''. Ihe
fame is repeated in the third and llxteenth books of the Digefes, (c) there among
certain Perfons which are forbidden, ve pro aliis ])oftukT.t, that is, that they be no
fpeakers nor advocates for others, women are forbidden, and ihis caufe is added,
that they do not againft shamefaftnefs intermeddle themfelves with the caufes of
others; neither yet that they prefume toufe the offices tue to men. The Jaw in
the fame phice doth further declare, that a natural shamefafinefs ought to be in
woman kind, which moft certainly she lofeth whenfoever she taketh upon her the
office and eliate of man, as m Calplmnua (ij was evidently declared, for she having
licence to fpeak before the fenate, at length becomes fo impudent and importune,
that by her bablirg she troubled the whole aflembly, and fo give occafion that
this law waseftablished. In tljefiift book oi theDigeJIes, (e) the condition of the
woman is pronounced in many cafes to be worfe than of the man. As in jurifdic-
tion ffiith'the Law), in receiving of cure and tuition, in adoption, in publick accu-
fation, in delation, in all popular a£tion, and in motherly power, which fhe hath
not upon her own fons. The law further will not permit, that a woman give
any thing to her husband, becaufe it is againft the nature of her kind, be-
ing the inferior member,' to prefume to give any thing to her head. The
law doth moreover pionounce v^/oman kind to be moft avaricious-, which
is a vice intolerable in thofe that iould rule or minifter juftice. And
Arijloth^ (f) as before is touched, doth plainly afh'rm, that whenfoever women
bear dominion, there muft needs the people be difordsred, livir.g and abounding in
all intemperance, given to pride, excefs and vanity ; and in end, that they
muft needs come to confuffon and ruine. Would to God the examples were not lb
maaifeli to the further declaration of the imperfeftions, natural weaknefs, and in-
ordinate appetites of women. I might adduce hiflories, (g) proving feme women
to have died for fudden joy ; fome lor unpatience have murdered themfelves, foine
to have burned with fuch inordinate iuft, that for the quenching of the fame, they
have betrayed to ftrangers their country and city ; and to have been fo defirous of
dominion, (h) that for obtaining thereof, they have murthered the children of their
own fons, yea fome have killed with cruelty their own husbands and children. But
to me it is fufficient (becaufe this part of nature is not my moft fure foundation) to
have proved that men illuminated only by the light of nature, have feen and de-
termined, that it is a thing moft oppugnant to nature, that woman rule and go-
vern over man, for thefe that v/ill not permit a woir.an to have power over her own
fons, will far lefs permit her to have rule over a realm. And thefe that will not
fufferhertofpeak in defence of thofe that be accufed, nor admit her accufation in-
tended againlf man, far lefs would fulfer her to fit in judgment, crowned with the
royal crown, ufurping the authority in the midft of men. (7)
But now to the fecond part of Nature, in which 1 include the rex'ealed will and
perfed ordinance of God-, againft this part of nature,! fay it doth manifeftly repugne,
thatany woman shall raigne or bear dominion overman. For God firft by order.of
the creation, and after by the curfe and in iltdi^ilion pronounced againft the woman
by reafon, of her rebellion hath declared the contrarie. Firjl, I fay, the woman in
her greatelt perfeflion was made to ferve and obey man, not to rule and command
him. Man is not of the woman (faith P^ihO but thi! woman vf the man. (h) And man
was not created, for the wo^nan, but the woman for the man : For this caufe ought the
woman to have a power upon bead; this is a coverture infignof fubjeftion. But af^
tet
{c)LiL ■^. \6. Bigejlorum adfenatus ceaful. Vellelattum. Lih. 3 de fojtiilatiove, "Tit, i.
\d) Cal^ihiirma. (0 De fiatu homititim. Tit. S. By the civil law power is taken from women o-
Ter their own Children, D/>. Lih. 24. de donaticne inter ^ v mm &° fcem. Lib. 1. Dig. de hgilus et
fejjittuscon. Tit. 3. (/) 'Politic. 2. Great imperfeSions of women, (g) Romilda the wife of Gi-
fulpJus betrayed to C/icanus the Dukedom oi Friu/il in Italy. Jane Queen of Naplei hanged iier
Husband, Athalia deftrojed all the feed royal, i Kings, ii. (h) hrfie, Anton. IfaLell. (/).The Jefs
ihirgs are denied to wcmen, theiefoie the greater cannot be granted. U') 1 Cor. xi. 8, 5, 10.
ylgunjl the nion/lrons Ixegiment of iVomen. ^-j ^
ter her fill and rebellion againft God there was put upon her a new neceflify, and
Ihe v\'js iiiiie Tubjed to inai) by tlie irrevocable lenience of God, iirono;iri(td in
thefe v/ords, i^l) I n-Hl grejtly multiply thy Jvrroiv and concfptio}!^ vhh Iuttov JIult thou
b{.ir thy children, and thy wilijbjll b: Jubj.h to thy man : And he Jl)all hive dominion
over thee. From the lunner part of this malediction, neither art, nobility, poli-
cie, nor Jaw made by man can deliver womankind. For whofoevcr attaineth to
that honour to be a mother, proveth by experience the efieft and ftrength of God's
word. Bur, alace, ignorance of God, ambition and tyranny have Ituaied to abo-
lilh and deftroy the lecund part of God's punilhment; for women are li'ted up to
be heads over reahr.es, and to rule above men at their pleafure and appetites; But
horrible is the vengeance, which is prepared lor the promoters, and for the per-
fons prnmotedj except they fpecdily repent, for they ihall be deje£ted from the
glory ui the foiis of God to the flavery of the Devil, and to the torment that is
prejiared lor all fuch, as do exalt themfelves againft God. Againft God can be
nothing more manifeft, than that a woman Ihould be exalted to raigne above man:
For the contrary fentance hath God pronounced in thefe words, Thy will Jljall bejitb-
je5 to thy husband, and he fi.dl bear dominion ever thee. Thus did God, not only
m ike Adam lord and governor over tve's body \ but even over her appetites and
will, and thereby dejeited all women from empire and dominion above man : So
that no woman can ever prefume to raigne, but the lame flie muft needs do in de-
fpite oiGod, and in contempt of his punilhment and malediftion. I am not ig-
norant, that the moft part of men underftand this part of malediction to be meant
of the fubjedion of wife to her hulband, and of the dominion which he beareth a-
bove her; but the Holy Ghoft taketh from all women all kind of fuperiority and
power over man, fpeaking by the mouth of St. Paul, as follows, I Jufer not a wo-
man to teach, neither yet to ufurpe authority above man (m). Here he nameth women
in general excepting none: And in the firft epiftle to the Cnhnhiam chap. xiv.
the apollle permitteth that all perfons may prophecy one afcer another that all
may learn, and all may be comforted -, and leaft the plurality of tpeakers fhould
have bred con fuflon, he addeth, Thejpirit oj the prophets are fubje& to tbs prophets-,
as if he ftiould fay, God Ihall always raife up fome to whom the verity Ihall be
revealed, and to fuch you shall give place, albeit they fit in the loweft place.
And thus theapoftle would have prophecying an eiercife to be free to the whole
church that every one should communicate with the congregation what God had
revealed to them, providing it were done orderly. But from this general privi-
lege he fecludeth all women, faying,(«) Let women keepfiknce in the congregation : And
why I pray you ? Was it becaufe he thought no women to have any knowledge ?
No, he giveth another, faying, Letherbejubjeilas thi bv faith. In the words is
firfi to be noted, that the apoftle calleth the former fentance pronounced againlt
women a Law, that is, the im.mutable decree of God, who by his own voice hath
fubjefted her to one member of the congregation, that is, to her hufband. Where-
upon the Holy Ghoft concludeth. That she may never rule, nor bear empire above 7t^
man, for she that is made fubjedt to one, may never be preferred to many. And •
that be the Holy Ghoft is manifeftly exprelTed in thefe words, I fufer not a woman
to vfurp authority above man. So both by God's law and the interpretation of the
Holy Ghoft, women is utterly forbidden to occupy the place of God in the offi-
ces forefaid, which he has alligned to man, whom he hath appointed to be his
lieutenent on earth. The apoftle taketh power from all women to Ipeak in the
alTembly .• (o) Ergo, he permitteth no woman to rule above man. The former
part of the argument is evident, and fo the conclulion doth of neceflity follow j
for he that taketh from woman the leaft part of authority, will not permit unto
her that which is greateft : But greater it is (p) to raigne above realms and na-
tioTjs, to publish and make laws, to appoint judges and minifters, than to Ipeak in
the congregation. Woman's judgment, fentance, or opinion propofed in the congre-
gation may be judged by all, may be correfted by the learned, and reformed by the
godly. But woman being promoted in foveraine authority, her laws muft be obey-
D d d d d d ed,
XO Gen. iii. i5. 0") » Tim. ii. (») i Cor. xiv. C") A ftrong argument, (p) Note,
474 ^hefrft Blaft of the Trumpet,
ed, her opinion followed, and her tj'ranny maintained, fuppofe it be exprelly againft
God and the profit of the common-wealth. And therefore yet again 1 rej-eat, that
a woman promoted to fit in the feat of God, that is, to teach, to judge, or to
raigne above the man is a nionfture in nature, contumely to God, a.d a thing moft
repugnant to his will and ordinance. That you may underftand this my judgment to
be no new interpretation of God's fcriptures, I will recite the mindes of fome anci-
ent writers in the fame matter. TertuSian (p) in his book oilf^oman's apparel, after he
hath Ihewed many caufes why gorgeous apparell is abominable and odious in a wo-
man, he addeth thefe words, ipeaking, as it were, to every woman by name,
" Doih thow not know (faith he) that thow art Eva? Thefentenceof Godliveth,
" and is effedluall againft thy kind ; and in this world, of necelfity jt is that the pu-
" nifhment alfolive •, thou art the port and gate of the Devill, thou art the lirft
" tranfgreflbr of God's law; thow didft perfuade and eallly deceive him, whom the
" Devill durft not aflault ; for thy merit (that is for thy death) it behoved the Son
" of God to fuffer death. And doth it yet abide in thy mind to deck thee above
" thy skin coats ?" By thefe and many other grave fentences, and quick interro-
gations did this godly writer labour to bring every woman in contemplation of her-
felf that ftie might avoid and abhor whatfoever thing might pufFher up with pride,
or that might be an occafion that Ihould forget the fentence, which God hath pro-
nounced againft the whole race and daughters ot Eva ; and what 1 pray you is more
able to caufe woman forget her own condition, then if {he he lifted up in authority
above man ? It is a thing very difficile to man (be he never fo conftant) promoted to
honours not to be tickled fomewhat with pride, for the wind of vain glory doth ea-
iily carry up the dry duft of the earth. But as for woman, it is no more poiTible that
Ihe being fet aloft in authority above man fhall relift rhe motions of pride than it
is poffible to the weak reed or to the turning weather-cock not to bow or turne at
the vehemency of the unconftant wind .' And therefore the fame writer exprefsly
forbiddeth all women to intermeddle with the office of man, for rhus he writeth in
his book,(5)^ei;irgi«i/'af w/a«^ij,"It is not permitted to a woman to fpeak in the con-
" gregation, neither to teach, neither to baptize, heither to vindicate to herfelf any
" office of man." The fame hefpeaketh yet more plainly in the preface of hisfixth
book againft ^ii»'«o« (r), when he recounting certaine monftrous things, which were
to be feen at the fea called Eux'mum, amongft the' reft he reciteth, there is a great
monfter in nature, that women in thofe parts were not tamed nor embofed by con-
fideration of their own fex and kind, but that all fhame laid apatt, they made ei- '
penfes upon wapons and learned the fates of war, having more pleafure to fight
than to marrie, and be lubjeft to man. Thus TertuUian^ who taketh from woman
all office appertaining to man, would never fuffer her to reigne above man ^ and he
that judged it a monfter in nature, that a woman Ihould exercife wapons, would
judge it, no doubt, to be a monfter of monfters, that a woman fhould be exalted a-
bove a whole realme and nation. Of the fame mind is Origen and divers others whofe
fentences I omit to avoid prolixity. Aiigujlhu in his 22. book againft Favjim (/),prov-
eth that a woman ought to do fervice to her husband as unto God,affirming, that in no-
thing hathwoman equal power with man,eicept that neither have power of their own bo-
dies^hy which he would plainly include that woman ought never to pretend nor thirft
for that power and authority which is due to man. And in another place he affirraeth,
(tj that woman ought to be reprefled and bridled betimes if ftieafpires to any domini-
on ; alledging that dangerous it is to fuffer her to proceed altho' it be in tem| oral and
corporal things, and thereto he addeth thefe wordsj "Godfeeth not for a time, nei-
" iher is there any new thing in his fight, and knowledge," meaning thereby that
what God hath feen in one woman (as concerning dominion and having of autho-
rity) the fame he feeth in all ; and what he haih forbidden to one, the fame hath he
forbidden to all, and this moft evidently ; ye^ in another place hewrifeth, moving
this queftibn, "How can woman be the image of God, feeing she is fubjefl: to man,
*' and hath neither authority to teach, to be witnefs, nor to judge, much lefs to rule
'" or bear empire? "Woman (faith Aiigvjllne) compared to other cireatures is the I-
'"■' ^ " 'w^^e
rp) TertuUidn. de habita muUeri^. (q) Ttrtul. I'.b. 8. de virg- veUndis. (r) In preem. 6 lib.
tmtra Marc ton. (f) Aug^ lib, 22. tonira Fauftinum, cap. 31. (t) De trinitaie lib, 12. c4p. 7.
Jgj.inlt the monjtrous Kcgintnt of IVomcn. 475
" mage ofGcd,(u){ot she bearcth dominion over them j but compared to man,5he may
" not be calltil the Imjge cj Gud, lor biw burcth i.ot rule nor loidship o\ tr nvav
*' but Ought to obey him, &c. And how woman ought to obey him he fpeaketh (x)
yet more clearly in thefe words, ''The won.un shall be fubjedt unto man as unto
" Chriit, t>c." ^uhAtiguft'nie agreeth in every point St. Ambiufe, who thus writeth
0) in h'lsHcxAmeron^ '•Adam was deceived by iiv-i, and not Eva by Adjm^ and thcre-
'■ iv.re juft it is, that woman receive and acknowledge him for governor whom the
*' cabled to fin, leaft again she Aide by womanly facility and writing upon the e-
piitld to tbt Libejiar.i^ chap. v. he faith, (z) "Let women be fubjeS to their own bus-
" bauds as unto the Lord, for the man is head to the woman, i^c,' As ihc con-
gregation is fubjed to Chriit, even fo ought women to be to their husbands in all
things. He proceedcth further faying, "Women are commanded to be fnbjedt to mm
" hy the law ot nature, becaufe that man is the Beginner of the woman: For as*
" Ghrift is the head of the church, fo is man oi the woman ; from Chrift tl:e
" church took beginning, and therefore it isfubject unto him, even fo did woman take
" beginning trom man that she should be fubj<.6l." If any man think that ali thefs
former fentences be fpoken only of the fubjedion of tlie married woman lo her hus-
band i as before 1 have proved the contrary by the plain words and realbning of St.
Faul, folhall I Ihortly do the fame by other teftimonies oi the forefaid writers. The
fame Ambrife j) writing upon the fecond chapter oi the firfl epilile to Timothy, afier
he hath fpoken much of the fimple arraymentofwomen,headdeth thefe words,''Wo-
*' man ought not only to have fimple rayment, but all authority is to be denied un-
" to her.- For ihe muft be infubjettion to man (of whom fhe huh taken herorig'nal)
" as well in habite as in fervice.'' And after a kw words he faith, "Becaufe death
tainethto man : Yea plain it is, that all women are commanded to ferve, to be in
humility and fubjec'tion, which thing the fam- writer fpeaketh yet more plainly in
thefe words (^), "Jt is not permitted to women tof) tak,but to be in filence as the law
" faith. What faith the law ? Unto thy husband shall thy converfion be, and he
*' shall bear dominion over thee.'" "This is af^ ecial law (laith Ambrofe) whofe fen-
" tence leaft it should be.violated, infirmed, cr made weak, women arecomma; ded
" to be in iilence." Here he includeth all \\omen, and yet he proceedeth further
in the fame place, faying, "It is a shame for them to prefume to fpeak of the law,
" in the houfe of the Lord, who hath commanded them to be fubjeil to their men."
Butmoft plainly fj^eaketh he, writing upon the ivi. chapter of the epiftle to the Ro-
mans, upon thefe words Salute Rufusajid hit mother. "For this, faith Ambrofe did the
" apollle place Rujm before his mother, for the election of the adminiftration of
" the grace of God (c).'' In the which a woman hath no place by the adminiftration
of God's grace is underftood, not only the preaching of the word and adminiftration
of the Sacraments, by which God's Grace is frefcnted and ordinarily diftributed
toman, but alfo the adminiftration of civil juftice, by the which virtue ought to
be maintained and vices puniflied, the Eiecution whereof no lefs is denied to woman
than is the preaching of the evangel, or adminiltiation of the facraments, as here-
after shall moft plainly appear. Chryfojlome among the Greclm writers of no
fmall aredite, fpeaking in rebuke of men, who in his days were become infe-
rior to fome women in wit and godlinefs, hath thefe word s(i) -, ''For this caufe
" was woman put under thy power (he fpeaketh to man in general) and
" thou was pronounced Lord over her, that she should obey thee, and that
" the head fhould not follow the feet." But often we fee, that he who in bis order
ought to be the head, dsth not keep the order of the feet (that is doth nor rule
the feet), and that Ihe that is in place of the feet is conftitufe to be head.
He fpeaketh the words, as it were in admiration that man was become fo bru-
D d d d d d 2 tish,
(,u) InJlueft. Vit. Tifl. Quefl. 4'. ix) Lib de Contincntia Cap. 4. (y') Ambrcf. in Hexae.
meron, lib. vcap. 7. (^) Mem fufer Epbtf. chap. <,. («J Ambrof. luper cap. 2. i Tin-* (i>Am-
bror. in i Ep. ad Cor. cap. 14, Gen. 3. (() K»/«i is by at. Paa/ faluted before his Moiber.
(d) Cbrjfft.Uimil, I-}, in Gen,
^q6 7 he firjl blajl of the Trumpet,
tish, that he did notconfider it to be a Thing moft monftrous, that women should
be preferred to men in any thing, whom God hath fubjetled to mm in all things.
He proceedeth faying, ' Neverthelefs it is the part of the man, wiih diligent care
* to repell the woman, that giveth him wicked counfel, and woman which gave
* that peftilent counfel unto man, ought at all times to have the puniihraenr, which
' was given to Eva, founding in her ears. ' And in another place he bringerh in
God fpeaking to the woman in this forr. (a) ' Becaufe thou left him, of whofe
' nature thou was participant, and from whom thou was formed, and has had plea-
' fure to have familiarity with that wicked beaft, and would take his counfell ;
' therefore I fiibjed thee to man, and I appoint him to be thy Lord; and becaufe
' thou couldeft not bear rule, learn well to be ruled.' Why they ihould not bear
rule, he declareth in other places, (b) faying, ' Womankind is imprudent and
* fbft (or flexible) imprudent, becaufe flie cannot confider with wiidora and rea-
* fbn the things which flie heareth and feeth, and foft, becaufe fne is eafily bow-
* ed.' I know Chryfofiome bringeth in thefe words, to declare the caufe why falfe
prophets do commonly deceive women, becaufe they are eafily perfuaded to any
opinion, efpecially if it beagainll G.d; and becaufe they lack prudence and right
reafon to judge the things that be fpoken, they who are appointed to govern others,
ought to be conftant, ftable, prudent in doing every thing with difcretion and rea-
fon, which virtues women cannot have in equality with men ; for that he doth
witnefs in another place, (c) faying, ' Women have in themfelves a tickling ani
» ftudy of vain- glory, and that they may have common with men ; they are fud-
* denly moved to anger, and that they have alfo in common with fome men : But
* virtues in which they excell, they have not common with man ; Therefore the
* Apoftlehas removed them from the office of teaching, which is an evidtnt proof
* that in virtue they far differ from man.' This writer further proceedeth % and
after he hath in many words lamented the effeminate manners of men, he finally
concludeth, ' That notwithftanding that men be degenerate, yet may not womeil
* ufurpe any authority above them.' And in end he addeth thefe words,
* Thefe things do I not Ipeak to extoll women, but to the confufion and (hame of
* ourfelves, and to admonifh us to take again the dominion, that is meet andcon-
* venient for us; not only that power, which is according to the excellency of dig-"
* nity, but that which is according to providence, and according to help and virtue,
* for then is the body in beft proportion, when it hath the beft governour .• But
* women can never be the beft governour, becaufe in the nature of all women lurk-
* eth fuch vices, as in good governours are not tolerable.' Which the fame wri"
ter expreffetb in thefe words. ' (</} Womankind (faith he) is rafli and foolehar-'
' die ; and their covetoufnefs is like the gulph of hell that is unfatiable. ' And
therefore in another place (e) he wiDeth, that woman Ihall have nothing to do
«r«
in judgment in common affairs, or in the regiment of the common-weltb, becaufe
Ihe is impatient of troubles, but that Ihe (hall live in tranquillitie and quietnefi.
And if Ihe have occafion to go from the houfe, that yet Ihe (hall have no matter of
trouble neither to follow her, neither to be offered unto her, as commonly there
muft be to fuch as bear authority. And with CbryfoUoms fully agreeth Bafilhs Mtg'l
9tns in a fermon, which he maketh upon fome places of fcripture, (/) wherein he ?
reproves divers vices, and amongft the reft, he affirmeth woman to be a tender •
creature, flexible, foft and pitiful, which nature God hath given unto her, that (he
may be apt to nourifh children. The which facility of the woman did Satan abule, .
and thereby brought her from God's obedience. And therefore in divers other
places doth he conclude, that flie is not apt to bear rule, and that she is forbidden "
to teach. Thus having proved by the determinations and laws, illuminated only
by the light of nature, by the order of God's creation, by the curfeand malediftion
pronounced againft woman, by the mouth of St. P«i«/,who is the interpreter of God's
lenience and law, and finally by the minds of thefe writers, who in God's church
have been always holden in greateft reverence j that it is a thing moft repugnant to
nature.
(a) Homil. 15. in Genef. (b)Ia Matth. xxiii. Horn. 44. (e) Acf Ephef. Cap. iv. Serm. J.
(4j la Cap.xxii. Joh. Homil, 87, («) In John, Horn. 41. (/) Bafilius in aliquot icripturs Ioco»»
yjgainll the frwn/Irous Kegimcnt oflVomen. 4.
nature, to God's will and appointed ordinance; yea that it ca::not be without con
tuinely agmnfl GoJ, that a woman shoulcl be promoted to dominion or empire, to
roign over man, be it in realme, nation, province or cit)% Isow rt-fttih in few words
to be showed, that the fame empire of woman is the fubverfion of good ordt-r, e-
quity and juiiice. {g) AuguUim defyneth order to be that thing, hy wliKh God hath
appointed and ordained all things, {b) Avguilivg will admit no oidei, where Grdls
appointment is abfent. And m another place he faith, ' Orcer is a difpnlitjon
' giving their own proper places to things, which be unequal,' which he fermefh
in Ldtitte, pariwn tf di/parium, that is, of thing' eqiiall or like, or things unequall
or unlike ; of which two places, and of the whole difputation, which is contained
in his ft(oid kock de crdwe, it is evident, that ivhatloever is done without the af-
furance of Gods will, or elfe againfl his will reveaUd in his word, is done agamft
order. But fuch is the empire and regiment of all women : Therefore, I fay, it is
a thing plainly repugnant to good order ; yea it is the fubverfion of the fnme.
If any pleafe to iejtt\ ^u^i/i?JMt;'s definition, as either not proper to this purpofe,
or elfe as infufficient to provemy intent, let the fame man uncieiflard, that in fo
doing he hath infirmed myne argument nothing. For as I depend not upon the
determinations of men, fo I think my caufe no weaker, albeit their authority be
denyed unto me, providing that God his revealed will (^and evident on my fide.
That God hath fubjedted womankind to man, by the order of his creation, and
by th curie that he hath pronoun- ed againft her, is before declared. Befides thefe,
he bath fet before our eyes two other mirrours and glafTes, in which he willeth
that we should behold the order, which he hath appointed and ef^ablished in na-
ture-, the one is the natural body of man, the other is the politick or civil body
of that common-welth, in which God by his ov/n word hath appointed an order. In
man's natural body, God hath appointed an order, that the head should occupy the
uppermoft place; and the head hath he joyned with the bod)', that from it doth
life and motion Aow to the refl of the members. In the head he hath placed the
eye to fee, the ear to hear, and the tongue to fpeak, which offices are appointed
to none other members of the body. The reft of the members have every one their
own place and office, but no member may have the place or office of the head, for
who would not judge that body to be a monfter, where there were no head eminent
above the reft, but that the eyes were in the hands, the tongue and the mouth be-
neath in the belly, and the ears in the feet : No lefs is the body of that common-
wealth, where a woman beareth impire, for either doth it lack a lawful head ( as
in very deed it doth ) or elfe an idol is exalted inftead of the true head. An idol
I call that which hath the form and appearance, but lacketh the vertue and ftrength,
which the name and proportion doth refemble and promife. I confefs a realm,
may in defpite of God (he of his wife judgment fo giving them over into a repro-
bate mind ) exalt up a woman to that monftriferous honour, to be efteemed as head.
But impoflible it is to man or angel to give unto her the properties and peiftft of-
fices of a lawful head; for the fame God that denyed power tu the hands to fpeak,
to the belly to hear, and to the feet to fee, hath den3'ed to the woman pow^r to com-
mand man, and hath taken away wifdom to confider, and providence to forefee
the things that be profitable to the common-welth ; yea, finally, he hath pro-
nounced plainly, that man is head to woman, even asChrift is head to all men. (/)
If men in a blind rage fhould affemble together and appoint themfelves another
head than Jefus Chrifl (as the Papifts have done their Roma)t Anfichrifl) fhould
therefore Chrift lofe his own dignity, or fhould God give to that counterfeit head
power to give life to the body, to fee what foever might endammage or hurt; it, to
ipeak in defence, and to hear the requefts of every futjfft ? It is certain that he
would not, for that honour, which before all time, he hath appointed to his only
fen, will he give to no creature befides : No more will he admi t or accept woman
to be lawful head- over man, although man, devil and angel will conjure in her
favour. Cfc7j?/r;^o»Te explaining thefe words of the Apoflle, The bead of the woman
it the rnan^ he compareth God in his univerfal regiment, to a king fitting in his roy-
£ e e e e e al
(^) Aug. de ord. Lib. I. Cap: x. [fi) De civit. Dei,Lib. xix. Cap. siii. (<) i Cor. xi.
7 he fir Jl Blafl of the Trumfet\
al majeftjr, to whom all his fubjeQs being commanded to give homage and obedi-
ence appear before him, bearing every one fuch a badge and cognizance of dignity
and honour, as he hath given to them, which if they defpife or contemn, then do
they difhonour their king. Even fo (faith he) ought men and women to appear
before God bearing the en/igns of the condition, which they have received Irom
him •, man hath received a certain glory and dignity above the woman, and there-
fore ought he to appear before his high majefty, bearmg the fign of his honour,
having no coverture upon his head, to witnels that on earth man hath no head
( beware Cbryfoftome what thou fayelt, thou ihalt be reputed a traitor, if Evglijh'
men hear thee, for they mult have my Sovereign Lady and Maiftrefle, and Scotland
hath drunken alfo the enchantment and venome of Circes) but woman ©ught to be
covered, to witnels that on earth Ihe hath a head, that is, man. True it is (Cbry-
foftome) woman is covered in both the faid realmes, but it is not with the fign of
fubjeftjon, but with the royal crown, a fign of fuperiority. To that he anfwer-
eth in thefe words. What if man negleft his honour >, He is no lefs to be mocked
( fayeth he ) than if a king fhould depofe himfelf of his diadem or crown, and
royal eftate,and cloach himfelf in thehabite of a Have. What I pray now Ihould this
godly father have faid, if he had feen the crown, fcepter and fword, which are
the enfigns of the royal dignity, given to a woman curfed of God, and all the
men of a realme to fall down before her ? I am aflured he fhould have judged
not only foolifh, but alfo enraged and flaves to Jjatan, manifeftly fighting againft
God and his appointed order. The more I confider the fubverlion of God's order,
which he hath placed generally in all things, the more 1 do wonder at the blind-
nefs of man, who doth not confider himfelf in this cafe fo degenerate, that the
bruite beafts are to be preferred unto him in this behalf: For nature hath in all
bealts printed a certain mark of dominion in the male, and a certain fubjeftion ia
the female, which they keep unviolate : For no man ever faw the lion make obe-
dience or Roup before the lionefs; neither yet can it be proved, that the hind taketh
the condufting of the herd amongft the harts. And yet alace, man, who by the
mouth of God hath dominion appointed to him over woman, doth not only, to his
own fhame, floop under the obedience of woman, but alfo, in difpite of God and
his appointed order, rejoyceth and maintaineth that monftruous authority, as a
thing lawful and juft. The infolent joys, the bonefires and banquettings, which
were in London and elfewhere in England, when that curfed Jefabel was proclaimed
queen, did wirnefs to my heart, that men were become more than enraged ; for elfe
how could they have fo rejoiced at their own confufion and certain deftruftion ? For
what man was there of fo bafe judgment ( fuppofing that he had any light of
=God ) who did not fee the ereding of that monfter to be the overthrow of true
leligion, and the afTured deftruftion of England, and of the ancient liberties there-
• of? And yet neverthelefs all men fo triumph, as if God had delivered them from
all calamities. If any man think thefe my words Iharp or vehement, let him con-
fider, that the offence is more hainous than could be exprefTed by words. God, fos
his great mercy's fake, illuminate the eyes of men, that they may preceive into
what miferable bondage they be brought into, by the monftriferous impire of wo-
men. The fecond glafs, which God hath fet before man's eyes, wherein he may
behold the order, which pleafes his wifdom concerning authority and dominion,
, is the common-welth, to which it hath pleafed his majefly to give laws, ftatutes,
; rites and ceremonies, not only concerning religion, but alfo touching the policie
and regiment of the fame. And againft that order it doth manifeftly repugn, that
any woman fhall occupy the throne of God, that is, the royal feat, which he by his
word hath appointed to nian -, as in giving the law to Ifrael, concerning theelefli-
on of a king is evident .• For thus it is written, (a) If thou fiah fay^ I will
fet a king over me, like as all the natio7is that are about we, thou fialt make
thee a king, whom theLord thy God jljall choofe^ one from among thy brethren Jliah
^tboii appoint king over tbee^ thou majft not fet a Granger over thee, that is not wy
'brother. Here ezprefly is a man appointed to be cbofen king, and a man
native,
h ■
(«) Dent. xvu. i4) iy«
Jgainjl the monllrousKcgimcnt of iVomcn. 47^
native anioiij^lt themftheSi by which preiepl is all women and all firangers
fecluded. Wbac may be objeded for the parr or eledion of a ftranger, (hall be,
God willing, aiifwered in the blaft of the lecond truni; et ; for this prelenf, I fay,
that t e eletlirg of a woman to that honour, is not only to invert the order which
God hath elhblished, but alfo to defile and j^ollute (fo far as in man lyeth) the
throne and fedt of God, which he hath fanftificd and appointed for man only, as
his minilter and lieutenant on earth. If any think that the furefaid law did bind
the Jevi only, let the fame man confider thiit the election of a king, and appoint-
ing of judges, did nsither appertain to the ceremonial law, neither yet was it meet
judi' ial, but that it did flow from the moral law, as an ordinance having a refpedl
to the confervation of both tables ; for the office of the magif^rate ought to have
the hrll and chief refpeft to God's glory, commanded and contained in the for-
mer table, as is evident by that which God enjoined byjojliuj when he wa? ad-
mitted governour over his people in thefe words ; (a) iboujluh divide the ivbeii-
toftce to this people, tbe vbicb Ijjpjre to tbeir fathers to give tbim ; ovly be tboujlrong
and very ccurageous, tbat thou mayjf obferve to do all tbe law whiih Mojn my Jervart
commanded tbee: Turn not from it to tbe right hand nor to tbe left, tbat tbon mayjl
projper rrbitberfoever tbou goeU. Let not tbe book of the bar depart from thy mouthy
but meditate therein day and night, that tbou mayfi obferve to do according to iiU that it
tritten therein. For then Jlutl thy vays profper, and thou jl)alt hive goodfuccefs. Sec.
And the fame precept giveth God by the mouth of Jlofes to kings after they be e-
ledcd in thefe words; (b) Ji'benbefialljit in the throne, or J eat of his kingdome, be
{ball write to bimfdf a copie oj this laip in a book, and tbat fl}aU be with him, tbat he
viay read in it aU tbe days of bis life, that be may learn to fear tbe Lord his God, and to
keep aU tbe words of this lam, and all thefe ftatutes that he may do them, &c. Be thefe
two places it is evident, that principally it appertaineth to the king or chief ma-
giflrate to know God's will, to be inftrufted in his law and ftatutes, and to pro*
moe his glory, with his whole heart and ftudy, v/hith be the chief points of the
firfl table. No man dcnieth, but that the fwofd is committed to the magiftrate,
to the end, that he fhould punifh vice and maintain vertue. He ought not only
to punifh adultery, theft, murder, but alfo fuch vices as openly impunge God's
glory, as idolatry, blafphemy, and manitefl herefie taught and obffinately main-
tained, as the hiftories and notable adls of Ezekiat, Jebnfophat, zodjcfas do plain-
ly teach us, whnfe care was not only to glorifie God in their own fife, hut alfo to
bring their fubjtffs to the true woifhip of God 5 and therefore they deltroyed all
monuments of idolatry, punifhed to death the teachers thereof, and removed from
office and honours fuch as were maintainers of the fame, whereby, 1 fuppofe, it is
evident, that the office of the king, or fupreme magiftrate, hath refptdl to the
law moral, and to the confervation of both tables Now if the law moral be the
conftant and unchangeable will of God, to the which-the Gentilek no lefs bound than
was the Jew ; and if God willeth.that among xheGentiles the minifters and execu-
ters of the law be now appointed, as fometimes they were amongft the Jews-, fur-
ther, if the execution of juftice be no lefs requifite in the policie of the Gentilet,
then ever it was amongft the Jews, what man can be fo foblilTi to fuppofe or
believe that God will now admit thefe perfons to fit in judgment, or to rtigne
over men in the common- wealth of the Gentiles, whom he by his exprefs word and
ordinance did before debar and fecludc from the fame > And that wcmen were
fecluded from tbe royal feat ( befides the places before recited of the eledtion of a
king, and befides the places of theNewTeftament which bemoft evident) ihe order
and eleftion which was keeped in 3^«</jib and i/ijeZ doth manifefily declare, for
when the males of the kingly flock failed (as oft it chanced in Jjrael and fome-
times in Judab) it never entered into the peoples hear s to chnfe and pre mote to
honour any of the king's daughters, had he never fo many. For they knowing
God's vengeance to be poured forth upon the father by the away-taking of his Tons,
they had no further refpeQ to bis fleck, but elefled luch an man or other as they
judged moft apt for that honour and authority, of which premifes I conclude (ai
before) that to promote a woman to be head over man is repugnant to nature,
E e e e e e 2 and
(«) Jof. i. (i) Dent, xvil;
4-8 o l^he firjl blafl of the Trumpet,
and a thing moft contrarious to that order, which God, hath approved in that
common- wealth, which he did inftitute, and rule by his word. But now to the
laft point, to wit, that the empire of a woman is a thing repugnant to jiiftice
and the deftrudion of every common-wealth when it is received, in few words
(becaufe the matter is more than evident) I fay, if juftice be a conftant and per-
petual will to give to every perfon their own right (as the moft learned in all ages
have defined it to be) then to give, or to will to give to any perfon that which is
not their right mufi: repugne to juftice. But to raigne above man can never be
the right to woman, becaufe it is a thing denied to her by God, as before is de-
clared. Therefore to promote her to that eftate or dignity can be nothing elfe
but repugnancy to juftice. If any find fault with juftice as it is defined, he may
well accufe others, but me he Ihall not hurt, for 1 have the warrand of him who
affuredly will defend the quarrel,and he commandeth me to cry that whatfoever re-
pugneth to his will expreffed in his facred word repugneth to juftice. But that
women have authority above men repugneth to his will expreffed in his word j
and therefore at my author's commandment without fear I conclude that all fuch
authority repugneth to juftice. The firfl: part of the argument is a principle not
only univerfally received, but alfo deeply printed in the heart of man, fo that no
lefs the reprobate are coafted and conff rained to acknowledge the fame, then be
the chofen children of God albeit to diverfe ends. The ele£t with difpleafure of
their fa£l confefs their offence having accefs to grace and mercy, as did Mam, Da-
vid, Peter and all other penitent offenders. But the reprobate, notwithftanding
they are compelled to acknowledge the will of God to be juft, the which they
have offended, yet are they never inwardly difpleafed with their iniquity, but
rage and complain, and florme againft God, whofe vengeance they cannot efcape,
as did Caiv, jfudas^ Herod, Julian the apoftate, yea Jefabel and Athalia : For Cain
no doubt was convift in confcience that he had done againft juftice in murthering
of his brother. Judas did openly confefs before the highprieft that he had finned
in betraying innocent blood. /iZeroi being ftricken by the angel did mock thefe
his flatterers, faying unto them. Behold your God (meaning himfelf) cannot now
preferve himfelf from corruption and worms. Juliamis was compelled in the end
to cry, " O Gdilean (fo always in contempt did he name out faviour Jefus Chrift)
" thou haft now overcome 5" and who doubts but Jtfabel and Athalia were convidl-
ed in their cankered conferences to acknowledge, that the murther which they had
committed, and the empire which the one had fix years ufurped, were repugnant
to juftice : Even fo fhall they, I doubt not, which do this day poffefs and main-
tain their monftriferous authority of women, fhortly be compelled to acknowledge,
that their ftudies and devices have been bent againft God, and that all fuch autho-
rity as women have ufurped repugneth to juftice : Becaufe (as I have faid) it re-
pugneth to God's will expreffed in his facred word. Here might I bring in the
oppreffion and injiiftice which is committed againft realmes, which fometimes
have lived free, and now are brought in bondage of forraign nations, by reafon
of this monftriferous authorit)'-, and empire of women. But that I delay till bet-
ter opportunity. And now I think it expedient fuch objeflions as carnal men, ig-
norant of God, ufe to make for maintainance of this tyrrany fauthority it is not
worthy to be called) and moft unjuft empire of women, {a) Firji they do ohjoQ
the example of Deborah and of Htdda the prophetefs, of whom the one judged Ifrael^
and the other by all appearance did teach and exhort, {b) I avfwer. The men that
objeft the fame are not altogether ignorant that examples have no ifrength, when
the queftion is of law : As if I fhould alk what marriage is lawful > And it
fliould be anfwered. That lawful it is to man not only to have fb many f, . ves at
once, but alfo to many two fifters, and to enjoy them both living at once, becaufe
David, Jacob and Salomon fervants of God had the fame. I truft no man would ju-
ftifie the vanity of this reaf m : Or if the queftion were demanded, if a chriftian
with good confcience may defraud, or fieal, or deceive, and anfwer were made that
X fo
(a) Objeflion i. Judg. iv. Para!. 34. [b) Examples againft law have o* flrength wosi
he qaellion is of law.
Jgiln/l the mon/lrous Regiment oflVomen. ^8
I
fo he might by the example ol ihtljraelites, who, at God's commandment, deceiv-
ed the hgyptians, and Ipoiled them ot their garments, gold and filver. 1 think
likewifc this reaTon Ihould be mocked. And what greater torce, 1 pray you, hath
the former argument ? Debora did rule in Ijrael, and HuUj fpake prophecy in Ju-
iab : trgo. It is Jawf ul lor women to raigne above realms, or to teach in the
prefence ot men. The confequence is v.iin, and of none effect, for of particular
examples we may eftablilh no common law, but are always bound to the law writ-
ten, and to the commandment exprelTed in the fame. But the law written and
pronounied by God torbiddeth no lefs that any woman raign over man, than it
forbiddeih man to take plurality ot wives, to marry two filters living at once, to
Jleal, to robb, tomunher, to lye. It any of thefe haih been tranfgrelfed, and yet
(jod hath not imputed the fame j it maketh not the like tadt lawlul to us, for
God being free, may, for fuch caufes as be approved by his unfLTutable wifdom,
difpenfe with the rigour of his own law, and may ufe his creatures at his pleafure.
Bur the fame power is not permitted unto man, whom he hath made fubjett to his
law, and not to the examples of fathers. I think this fufficient to realbnable and
moderate fpirits. But to repreft the raging of womens midnefs, 1 will defcend
fomewhat deeper in the matter, and not fear to affirm, that as we find a contrary
ipirit in all thofe moft wicked women, that this day he exalted into this tyrranous
authority to the fpirit that was in thefe godly matrons, fo I fear nor to affirm,
that their eoadition is unlike, and their end ihall be divcrfe(j^. In thefe matrons
we find that the fpirit of mercy, truth and juflice, and humility did raign,
and that under them God did ihew mercy to his people, delivering them from
the tyranny of Itrangers, and from the venome ot idolatry, but in thefe of cue
ages, we find cruelty, falfhood, pride, ccvetoufnefs, deceit, oppreffion, the
Ipirit oi J-jJ'jbel and. Athalia, and under them fimple people opprelfed, true reli-
g on extinguilhed, and the blood of Chrift's members molt cruelly Ihed; and finally,
the titles and liberties of ancient realms taken from the juft poiTefTors, and given and
betrayed into the hands of llrangers.. But to profecutemy purpofe, let luch as de-
fend thefe monikers in their tyrranny prove /ry?, That their fovereigne maiflrefTe be
like to Deborah in godlinefs and piety, andjecoyidly. That the fame fucceffe doth fol-
low their tyrranny, which d.d follow the extraordinary regiment of that godly ma-
tron, which although they were able to do (as they never ihall be, let them blow till
thev burll) yet ihall her example profit them nothing at all. For they are never able
to prove that Deborah, or any other godly matron (having the commendation of the
Holy Ghofl within theScri/turesJ hath ufurped authority above any nation by rta-
fon of their birth and blood, neither yet did they claim it by right or inheritance,
but God by his fingular priviledge, favour and grace exeini>ted Deborah from the com-
mon malediSion given in that behalf to woman, and againfl nature he mjde het
prudent in counfcl, ftrong in couragi., happie in regiment, and a blefled mother,
and a deliverer of his people. The which he did partly to advance the power of his
majefiy in giving falvation and deliverance, by the means of the uioft weak veffels,
and partly to confound all men of that age, becaufe they had /or the mofl part de-
clined from his obedience j but what maketh this for Mary and her march Fhilip ^
One thing I would ask fuch as depend upon the example of Deborah, whether fhe
was a widow or wife when (he judged Ifrael, and when G^J gave under her that no-
table viftory to his people > If they anfwer the wa?:! widow, I would lay againfl
them the teitimony of the Holy Ghoft, witnc/Ting that the was the wife of lapi-
ioth (b) : And if they will alledge that fhe might fo be called, notwnhf^anding
lh»t her Husba: d was dead. I urge them further, that they are not able to prove it
to be my common phrafe and manner of fpeech in fcriptures, that a woman fhall be
called the wife of a dead man, except there be fome Note added, whereby it may
be kr\own that Ver husband is departed, as is witnefs of Ama (c). But in the place of
the Judges there u no note added, that her husband fhould be dead, but rather the
contrary is exprefled (i); For the text faith. In that time a woman ■named Deborah <x
prophetefs, wife to Lapiioth iudied Ifrael The Holy Ghofl plainly fpeaketb, that
*^^ ' ^ Ffffff what
(a) An antithefis betwixt the formei mattoni and onr Jefahili. (.i) Judic. iv. (0 Luke iJi'
{d) Judic. i7. 4.
a82 l^hefirfl Blaft of the Trumpet,
what time fhe judged Ifrael fhe was wife to Lapidoth. If flie was wife, and
if fhe ruled all alone in Ifrael^ then I ask, did fhe not preferr her husband to that
honour to be captain and leader of the hoft of the Lord > If any think that it
was her husband, the text proveth the contrary, for it affirmeth that Barak of the
tribe of Nephtali was app -inted to that OiSce. If Earak had been her husband,
to wh.'.t purpofe ihould the Holy Ghoft fo diligently have noted the tribe,
and another name than was before exprcTed? yea, to what purpofe Ihould
it be noted, that the fent and called him ? Thus 1 doubt not but every reafonable
man doth conlider, that this Barak was not her husband, and that her judgment or
povernment in IJrael was no ufurped power, as our queens unjuftly this day pofTefs,
but that it was the fpirit of prophelie that relied upon her, what time the multitude
ot the people had wrought wickedly in the eyes of the Lord, by Which fpirit Ihe did
rebuke the idolatry and iniquity of the people, exhort them to repentance, anu in
the end bring them this comfort,that God Ihould deliver them from the bondage and
thraldome of their enemies. And this fhe might do, notwithftandirg that another did
occupy the place ofthefuprennemagiftrate (if any was in rhofe days m IJrael) for fo I
find did Htildah, the wife of Sallum, in the days of LJias kin^of Jiidab, (a) fpeak
prophecy, and comfort the king; and yet he refigned to her neither the fceptet
nor thefword. That this our interpretation, how that Deborah did judge in w"'
el, were the true meaning of the Holy Ghoff, the pondering of the hiftory Ihall
manifeftly prove • When fhe fendeth for Barak fhe faith rot to him ; I being thy
Princefs, thy fovereign lady and queen, command thee upon thine alledgeance,
and undei pain of treafon, to go and gaiheran Army ; but Ihe fpeaketh as one that
had a fpecial revelation from God, which was neither known to Barak nor to
the People, faying, hatb not the Lord God of Ifrael commanded thee. Sicklike
when fhe had delivered to him the whole counfel of God, appointing unto him the
number of his foldiers, the tribes out of which they fhould be gathered, the place
of the battle, and had affured him of the viftory in God's name which fhe could
not have done without a fpecial revelation from heaven, he fainted, and openly
lefufed to enter into journe}', except the prophetefs would accompany him. Bui:
what did fheufe againfl him any external power, did fhe threaten him with re-
bellion and death ? No, no; but for affurance of his faint hearr, being content to
go with hitrij fhe pronounceth, that the glory fhould not be his in that journey^
but that the lord fhould fell Sifera into the hand of a woman. Hereby it is evi-
dent, that Deborah did all by his fpiritual fword the word of God, and not by any
ufurped temporal regiment nor authority ouer Ifrael, as our queens do this day
claim. In Ifrael, I fuppofe, at that time, there was no lawful magiflrate, by
reafon of their great affliftion, for fo witnefTeth the hiffory, fayingj and £ hud be-
ing dead, the Lord fold Ifrael into the hand ofyabin king of Canaan:, and he by Sijera
his captain affli£led Ifrael greatly the fpace of twenty years: And Deborah herfelf
in her fongof thankfgiving confefTetb, that before fhe did arife as a mother in IJ-
rael, and in the days of Jael, there was nothing but confufion and trouble. If any
ftick to the term alledging the Holy Ghoft faith , that fie judged Ifrael ; let them
underlland, that neither doth the Hebrew word, neither yet the Latitie, always fig-
nifie civil judgment, or the execution of the temporal fword, but moft commonly
is taken in the fenfe whkli vve have before expreft; for of Chrifl it is faid, he
'fiall judge many nations, and thai hefliall pronounce judgement to the Gentiles; and yet
it is evident that he was no miniftei of the temporal fword. God commandeth
fudah zxidjerufalem to judge between him and his Vineyard, and yet he appoint-
ed not all them to he civil magiftrates. To Exekid (b) it is faid, ^alt thott not
judge them Jon of man} And ahet,tboiifoM'ofmanJ/jah thou not judge} Jljall tiou not
judge, I fay, the city of blood} and alfo, behold I fjall judge betwixt bcjfl (ttd teaff.
And fuch places in great numbers are to be found through out the whole fcripfures.
And yet I truft no man will be fo foolilh as to think, that any o^the prophets were
appointed by God to be politick judges, or to punifti the /ins of men by corporal
punilhment. No the manner of their judgement is expiefled in thefe words, (c)
Dedare
ia) a Reg. 22. (J) Eztk, 20. tt, 54. (c) Szek. 22.
"■ -,-■--■-
Jgaiiijl the mon/lrons Regiment of ll'^onicn. 48 3
Dtcljrc to tht-m alltbeir abomitijt'wns ; ayid thuu fj.ilt Jay to them, thus jaith the Lord
Cod a city jJicddivg blood in the midU oj her, that her time may approach^ and rrbich
bath made iduU agaitiJI herjilf, that f}e might be polluted , th,u hajt tratifgreJU't-d in the
blood that thou has Jlied, and art polluted in the idols vh ch thou has made. I'hus 1 fay
do God's prophets judge, pronouiKing the fentence ot God againft mal« fatlors.
And fo I doubr not but Deborah judged at that time, whtn IJrael had declined
from God, rebuking their deteftion, and exhoriing them to repentance without
ufiirpatiou of any civil authority : And if the people gave to her for a time any
reverence or honour, as her godlincfs and happy counfel did well delerve, yet it
Was no fu( h empire as our monfters claim ; tor which of hei fons or m artft kinf-
men left ihe ruler and judge in IJrael after her ? The Goly Glioft expreflcth no fui h
thing : wherefore it is evident, that by her example God offerefh no ocofion to
effablilh any regiment of women above men, realms and nations, (c) But it is not
lawful (fjy fome) that women have their right and inheritanie, likeas the daugh-
ters of Zalphead were commanded by the mouth of Mofes (d) to have their portion of
ground in their tribe > 1 ajijiver. It is both lawful and equitable, that women pol^
fefs their inheritance. But 1 add therewith, that to bear rule and authority over
men, tan never be right nor inheiitance to a woman : for that can never be juft
inheritance to any perfon, whiihGod by his word has plainly denied unto them;
But to all women Goo hath denied authority above man, as moft nianiftftly is be-
fore declared .* Therefore to her it can never be inheritance. The portion of Zal-
pheid s Daiigiiter's was not to reign over any one tribe, nor yet over any one man
within Ijnell, but only that they might have a portion of ground amongf} th^men
of their tri le, leaft that the name of their father fhotild be abolilhed. And this
was granted to them without any refped had ro any civil regiment. And what
inakeih this, I pray you, for«theeftablilhing this monffrous empire of women ? Al- '
thoi'gh women may fucreed to the pofTeUion, lublianre, patrimony or inhetitance
of iheir fathers, yet they may not fucceed in their father's offices, leaft of all to
that office, the executor whertof doth occupy the place and thr ne of Grd. One
thing there is vet to be obferved in the law made concernirg the inheritance of
daughters ofZalphead to wit, (e) that it was forbidden to them to marry without
their own tribe, le^ttfuch portion as fell to their lot fhould be transferred from
one tribe to another, and fo (hould the tribe of MaTiaJfes be defrauded and fpniled
of their juft inheritance by their occafion. Wonder it is that the patrons ot ouB
ladies did not confider this law before they ccunfelled the blind yrintes and un-
worthy nobles of their country to betray the liberties thereof, into the hards of
firangers. Efigland for fatisfying the inordinate a] peti'es of that cruel monfter
.#/jrv(unworthy by reafon of her bloody tyranny of the name of a woman) betrayed
(alace) to the proud Jjpa»iia»-(i: And iScot/jK^, by the ralh madnefs of foollfh go-
vernors, and by the pradticeof a crafty dame, refigned likewife under the title of
marriage into the power of France. Doth luch tranflations of realm* pleafe Gods juf-
tice ? or is the poflellion by fuch means lawful in God's fight ' Afluredly no, for
if God would not permit that the inheritance, commodity and ulual fence, which
may be gathered of the portion of ground limited and alligned to one tribe of
the children of Ifrael Ihould pafs to another, by the marriage of any daughter, not-
withftanding that they were all one people, fpeaking r^re tongue, delcended of one
father, profefTors of one God and one religion. Will he fufFer that the laws, liberties,
commodities, and fruits of whole realms be given into the power and diltribution
of others by reafon of marriage, efpecially in the powers of fuch as, befides that of
a f^rar,ge tongue, of ftrange names, and laws, but alfo ignorant of God, enemies
to his trwh, denyers of Chrift jefus, perfecuters of his true members, and haters
of all veriue. The Spaniards, tot very defpite which they do bear ag-.ainft Chrifl
Jefus, whom then fore- fathers didcrucifie (for Jetres they are, as hiftories do
witnefs, and themfelves confefs) do this day make plain war agairft all true pro-
fefTors of his holy gofpel. And theFrench king and his petlilent prelates, by the
flamiflg fires, whicn lick up the innocent blood of Chrift's members, and by cruel
Ffffff:8 tdiStS
Co a Objeftion. id) Numb. a?. W Numb. ?tf.
484 ^^^^ fi^ft ^^^fi of [be Trumpet,
/
edifts do notifie and proclaim how blindly and outrageoufly they fight againft the
verity of God. And yet to thefe two cruel tyrants, France and Spain, is the right
and pofTeflion of ErgUiti and Scotlani appointed. But juft and lawful Ihall that
pofleffion never be till God do change the ftatute of his former law, which he will
not do for the pleafure of man ^ for he hath not created the earth to fatisfie the am-
bition of two or three tyrants, but for the univerfal feed of Adam, md hath ap-
pointed and defyned the bounds of their habitation, afligning to diverfe nations,
diverfe countries, as he himfelf confefleth, fpeaking to Ijrael in thefe words j (a)
Tou fiall pafs by the bounds and limits of your brethren^ the fonnes Ejau, who dwell in
mount Seir. They Jhalljear you ; buttah diligent heed that youjliow not yoiirfelvcs cruel
agaivj} them^ for I will give you no part of their land, no not thebredthof a foot -, for
mount Seir I have given to Efau to be pojfejfed. And the fame doth he witnefs of the
fons of Lot, to whom he had given Aire to be poflelTed. And Mofes plainly af-
firmeth, tb) That when the Almighty did diftribute and divide polTeliions to the
Gentiles, and when he did dilperfe and fcatter the fons ot men, that then he did
appoint the limits and bounds of the people, for the number ol the fons ot IJraet^
whereof it is plain, that God hath not expoled the earth in prey to tyrants, making
all things lawful, which by violence and murther they may pofTefs -, but that he
hath appointed to every feveral nation a feveral poflelfion, willing them to ftand
content (as nature did teach an tthnik to affirm) (c) with that i^ortion, which by
lot and jull means they had enjoyed. For what caufe God permitteth this his dis-
tribution to be troubled, and realms and ancient nations to be pofltfTed of ftran-
gers? I delay at thetimetointreat. liutcome to a thirdo^yeffioK. (<i) The con-
fent, fay our Ladies advocates, of realms, and laws pronounced and admitted in this
hehalf, long confuetude and cuftom, togtther with the felicity of fome women in
empires, have eftablilhed their authority, lanjwer. Neither was the tyranny of
princes, neither the foolilhnefs of people, neither wicked laws made againft God,
neither jet the felicity that in this earth may hereof enfue, make that thing law-
ful, which he by his word hath manifeltly condemned j for it the approbation of
princes and people, and laws made by men, or the content of realms, may eftablilh
any thing againft God and his word, then fhould idolatry be preferred to true reli-
gion: For mee realms and nations, moe laws and decrees publithed by emperors,
with common confent of their coundls have eftablifjied the one, than have approved
the other : And yet I think that no man of found judgment, will therefore juffi-
fie and defend idolatrie: No more ought any man this odious empire of women, al-
though it were approved of all men by their laws : For the lame God, that in
pla n words forbiddeth idolatrie, doth aifo forbid the authority of women over
men. 1 know thefe, who maintain this monftruous empire, have yet two main
Ihifts. Hry?, They alledge, (e) That albeit women may not abfolutely reign by
themfelves, becaufe they may neither lit in judgment, neither pronounce fententej
neither execute any publick office, yet they may do fuch things by their lieute-
nants, deputes, and judges fubftitute Secondly, Say they, A woman born
to lule over any tealme, may choofe her own husband, and to him (he
may transfer and give her Authority and Right. To both 1 anfwer in few words.
Fir/l, That from a corrupt and venomed fountain can fpring( no wholefome
waters. Secondly, That no per ton hath power to give the thing which dotb
not juftly appertain to theuirelves. But the Authority of a woman is a cor-
lupted fountain, and therefore from her can never fpring any lawful officer. She
is not born to rule over man, and therefoie tlie can appoint none by her gift nor
by her power f which (he hath not) to the plate of a lawful magiftrate : And there-
fore whofoever receiveth of a woman office or authority, are adulterous and^ Ba-
llard office bearers before God- This may ajjpear ftrange at the ^A, but if w«
will look with an indifferent eye, the reafon fliall fudde»ly appfar the
Cafe. Suppofe that a tyrant by confpiracy ufurped the royal feat and dignity of a
King, and in the fame did fo eftablilh himfelf that he appointed officers, and did
what
(«) De»t. it. (0 Deut. xxxii. (0 Cicero offic. Lib, i. (<0 Ob)t{iioa 5. (OObjeSiOB*.
Jg:unll the monllrous Regiment oflVonien. /).8^
what pleafcd him for a timcj and in this mean time tlij native king made rtraighc
inhibition to all his fubjedls that none Ihould acknowledge him nor receive di 'iii-
xy of Inm, yet nevertlieiels they would honour the lame traitor as king, and
becoine his officers in all affairs ot the realme. If afcr the native prince did'reco-
ver his jiilt honour and poircUion, Ihould he repute or elteem any nun of the trai-
tor's appointment for a lawlul ni3giftrate> Or for his friend and true fuhj.tl >
Or Ihould he not rather without Icntence condemn the head with the niembeis?
And if he ihould do lb, who were able to accufe him of rigour, much lefs" to con-
demn his fentence of injullice > And dare we deny the fame power to (jod in the
like cafe > For that woman raigneth above man, Ihe hath obtained it by treafou
and confpiracy ; hoiv can it be then, that ihe bemg guilty and criminal of treafoti
againft God committed, can appoint any officer plealing in his fight Mt is i n-
pollible. \\'hercfore let men that receive of women authuiity, honour or office be
moft furely perlLiaded, that in fo maintaining that ufurped Power, they declare
themfehes HnemicS to God. If any think that becaufe the realm and eflates theie-
of have given their confentsunfoa woman, and haveeftablilhed her and her autho-
rity, that therefore it is lawful and acceptable to God, let the fame idcr remem-
ber what I have faid before, to wit, that man cannot approve the doing nor con-
fent of any multitude, concluding any thing againfl his word and ordinance
And therefore they muft have a more alTured defence againft God's wrath elfe
they Ihall not be able to ftand in the prefence of the confliming fire. That is
they mult acknowledge that the regiment of a woman is a thing molt odious in the
prefence of God ; they muft refule to be her officers, becaufe Ihe is a traitourefs
and rebel againft God ^ and finally they muft ftudy to reprefs her inordinate
pride and tyranny to the urtermoft of their powers. The fame is the duty of the
nobility and eltates by whofe blindnefs a woman is promoted. Firjl in fb far as
they have molt hainoufly oftended againft God, placing in authoriry Vuch as God
by his word hath removed from the fame : Unfainedly they ought to call for Mer-
cy, and being admonilhed of their error and damnable fa(ft, in fign and token of
true repentance, with common con ent they ought to retreat that which unadvifed-
ly and by ignorance they have pronounced, and without further delay to remove
from authority all fuch perfons as by ufurpation, violence, or tyrannic do pof-
fefs the fame. For fo did Ifrael and Judab after they had revolted from David.
and Judab alone in the days oi Jthalia. (aj For after that Ihe by murthering her
fonne's children had the empire over the land, and had moft unhaplie raiened in
Judab fix Years, Jebojada the High-prieft called together the captains and chief
rulers of the people, and fhewing to them the king s fonne Joas did bind them hv
an oath to depofe that wicked woman, and to promote the king to his royal fear
which they faithfully did, killing at his command not only that cruel and mif-
chievous woman, but alfo the people did deftroy the temple of Ba;l break his
altars and images, and kill Matban Baal's High-prieft before his altars.' The fame
is the duty as well of the eftates as of the people that have been blinded- Firfl:
they ought to remove from honour and authority that monfter in nature. So call
I a woman cled in the habite of a man, yea a woman againft nature raigning a-
bove man. Secondly, If any perfon prefume to defend that impietie, they oueht
not to fear firft to pronounce, and thereafter to execute againft them' the fentence
of death. If any be affraid to violate the oath of obedience which they have
made to fuch monfters, let them moft afTuredly be perfuaded, that as the beein-
ning of their oaths proceeding from ignorance was finne, fo is the obftinate nut-
pofe to keep the fame nothing but plain rebellion againft God. But of this mat-
ter in the Jecord Blafl, God willing, we fhall fpeak more at large. Now to nutaii
end to the FirJl Blajf • Let all men take heed what quarrel and caufe from hence-
forth they do defend. If God raifeup any noble heart to vindicate the liberty of
his country, and to fupprefs the monftrous empire of woirien ; let all fuch as
fliall prefume to defend them in the fame moft certainly know that in fo doing
G g g S g g the/
(a) Reg. n. {i) Judlc. lo.
4-86 '7 he firjl hlajl of the Trumpet, &C.
they lift tbeir hands againft God, and that one day they {hall find his power to
fight againft their foolilhnefs. Let not Chiift's faithful Souldiers be utterly
difcouraged ; neither let the tyrants rejoice, albeit for a time they triumph. For
the caufe why he fuffereth his foldiers to fall in battle (as by holy fcrip ure may
be gathered) is fometimes to bear down the pride of flefh, fometime to punilh
the offences of his own childeen, and to bring them to unfained Acknowledge of
the fame. You know the caufe of the IJraelites, who did fight againft Benjamin
was moft juft, for it was to punish that moft horrible abomination of thefe fonnes
of Belial abii/ing the Levitt^ wife, whom the Bevjamites did defend, and they had
God's precept to alTure them of well doing, for he not only commanded them to
fight, but alfo appointed jfudab to be their leader and captain. But becaufe at the
firft they trufted in their muhit ude, power and ftrength, therefore they fell
twile in Battel againft thefe moft wicked adulterers. Yet after they had weep-
ed before the Lord, after they had fatted and made facrifice in fign of their
unfained repentance, they fo prevailed againft that proud tribe of Benjamijt, that
after twenty five thoufand ftrong men of war were killed in battle, they deftroy-
ed man, woman, child and beaft as well in the fields as in the cities, which all were
burned with fire : So that of that whole tribe remained only fix hundred men, who
fled to the wildernefs, where they remained four months, and fo were faved.
The fame God who did execute this grievous punishment, even by the Hands of
thofe whom he fuffered twice to be ouercome in battel, doth this day retain his
power and juftice. But curfed Jezsbel of England, with the peftilent and de-
teftable generation of papiftes, make no little bragge and boaft that they have
triumph'd not only againft w^tt but alfb againft all fuch as have enterprized any
thing againft them or their proceedings .- But let her and them confider that yet
they have not prevailed againft God. His throne is more high than the length of
their horns can be able to reach. Let them further confider, that in the beginning
ofthis their bloody raigne, the harveft of their iniquitie was not come to full matu-
rity and ripenefs ; No, it was fo green (fo fecretlmean, fo covered, and fo hid with
hypocrifie) that fome (even of the fervants of God) thought it not impolTible that
woulfes might be changed into lambs, and alfo that the viper might remove her na-
tural venom- But God who doth reveal in his time appointed the fecrets of hearts,
and that will have his judgments iuftified, even by the very wicked, hath now given
open teftimony of her and their beaftly cruelty. So that now, not only the blood of
Father Latimer, difcreet and learned Ridley, innocent Lady jfane Dudley, and many
other fuch as fire hath confumed, and the fword of tyrrany moft unjuftly hath flain,
doth call for vengeance in the ear of the Lord of hofls, but alfo the fobbes and tears
of the poor oppreffed, the groanings of the Lord's watchmen, yea and every earthly
creature abufed by their tyrranie, do continually cry and call for hafty execution of
the fame. I fear not to fay, that the day of vengeance, which Ihall apprehend that
horrible monfter Jefabel of Englaud, and fuch as maintaine her monftrous cruelty,
is already appointed in the counfel of the eternall : And I verily believe, that it is
fo near, that ftie fhall not raigne fo long in tyrranie as hitherto ihe has done, when
Godfhall declare himfelf to be her enemie, and fhall pour forth contempt upon her
according to her cruelty. Her empire and raigne is a wall without foundation ; Imeaa
the fame of the authority of all women : It hath been underpropped this blind time
bygane, with the foolilhnefs of people ; and with the wicked laws of ignorant and
tyrranous princes. But thefire of God's word is already laid to thef^ rotten proppes
(I mean the pope's law with the reft) and prefently they burn, albeit we efpie no*
the Flame. When they are confumed (as fliortly they will he, for Ifubble and dry
timber cannot long endure the fire) that rotten wall, the ufurped and unjuft empire
of women, fhall fall by itfelf in defpite of lall men to the deftruftion of fo many as
fhall labour to with hold it. And therefore let all men be advertifed, for the trum*
pet hath once blown.
JOHN
Contents of the jccond B'.a.l. 4^-7
lOHlSl KNOXE to the Reader.
BEcaufe many are offended at the firft blaft of the trompett, in which I affirme,
that to promotte a woman to bear rule, or empire aboiie any rcalnic natioii
or title, is repugnant to nature, contumlie to Gcd, ard a thing moft ccntrarioufe
to his reuealed and approued ordenance: and becaufe alfo, that fomme hath
promiftd (as i undeiftand) a confutation of the fame, I haue delayed the ftcord
blaft, till luch t) me as their reafons appere, by the which 1 either may be reforin-
ed in opinion, or cIs Ihall haue further occafion more fin;ply and plainly to vttcr
my iudgement. Yet in the meane tyme for the diftharge of my ccnfcience, and
for auoyding fufpition, which might be ingendrtd by realon of my filence, I could
not ceafe to notitie thefe fubfequent propolitions, which by God's grace I purnofe
to entreat in tlie fecond blaft promifed.
1. It is not birth onely nor propinquity of blood, that maketh a king lawfully
to reigne aboue a peopk piofeliing Chrifte lefus, and his eternal veritie, tut in
his eledion muft the ordenance, which God hath eltablifhed, in the eledtion of
inferiour iudges be obferued.
2. No manifeft idolater nor notorious trangreflbr of God's I olie preceptes cght
to be promoted to any publique rtgiment, honour or dignity in any realme. pro-
uince or citie, that hath lubitfttd thtmfeli to Chr;fie Itliis aiid to his bJtfled
Euangii.
3. Neither can othe nor promefie bynd any fuch people to obey and maintein
tyrantes againft God and ogainft his trueth knowen.
4. But if either ralliely they have promoted any mariifcft wicked perfcrne,
or yet ignorantly haue thofen ftichc a one, as after dedaieth hiniJelf vnwor-
thie of regiment aboue the people of God (and fuche he all idolaters ard cruel
perfecuters) moft iultly may the famemeri depofe and punilh him, that vnaduy
fedly before tbey did Dominate, appoint and elefte.
Matth vi. If the eye be Jingle^ the wbole body jhall be clere.
A LETTER of Jchn Knoxs to the People of Edinhnrght
firft primed ac Stirling by Robert Lekprc'uik, amo 1571.
To hU lovmg brethren wlKme (joi oites gloriouflj gatbered in tbe cburcb o/" Edinburgh
a?id mw or dijperfedjor tryall of our faith ^ &c.
THe troublis of rhe juft fall fchortlie come to an end, to the glorie of God,and
to their eternall comfort. Belovtd brethren in the Lord Jefus, pertakers
now of bis afflidion^s, if the inhabilitie of bodie wold fuffer, I wold wtyte a long
letter: But being in that ef^ait, that I may noc wryte with my own hand two
lynes, I muft abyde the good leafure of Gcd, and defvre you to have me eicufed,
that I have not fooner vilitedyow ii»to this your dolerous perfecution. ^ hen I
call lomynd the fearefull threateningis of God, that have bene oftentimes thoun-
dered CyUt into your cares and doeth confidder thefe prefent dayes, in the middeft
of my dolour, 1 prais my God, thatSathan hath not gotten the full vicloricas he
pretended. For this reparation whiche now is made to-the greif of many terfes,
is yet a feuere do(um,ent, that the word of God, bath not lolt the whole ftrergtb
in yow ; Eut that God wojking thereby .hath pulled yow fijrth from the micdeft of
the wickit, jeaft that ye fhould be with them condampiicd, who now mofte ma-
nifeftlie rebellctb, boibe againit God and man.
Gggggga • Of
4.S8 hhn Knoxes Letter, &"€.
Of one thing I muft put you in mynd, and I pray God that ye may fiutefuUy
remember it : That the worde of God preached be the mouth of man, is not a vane
found and wordes fpoken without a purpois •, but is the fommoning of God him-
felf, forewarning men before the judgement come. Ye have hard it planelie fpo-
ken, that we wolde till jEgypt agane, in difpyte of leremie and all admonitiones :
Whiche threatninge for that tyme, was not onlie mocked, but alfo boldlie fpoken
againft. But whether this day declaireth the truer h of that and other threatninges,
let the verray blind worlde judge. For what can be to returne to JS^>p^ if to
joyne handes with idolaters be not ? Yea, to eredt an authority (be God juftlie
dampned) without ordour, bothe againft God and man ? Suche men when they
were fpoken unto, and were planely admonilhed of their appearing defection,
could not abyde to be called pronde contempners of God ; who now fpareth not, at
everie moment to blafpheme God, and be their wicked workes planlie to deny, that
there is a God that maketh difference betwix vice and vertew.
Rejoyce therefore, and praife Goddes mercyes, who hath called yow from the
company of fuch : And continew conftant into that, that God of his mercy hath
wroght into yow, to wit, a feare to remain in the fadion of the wicked ; whiche
feare, I pray God may dayly increafe into your hartes, I knowe the affaultes that
ye fhall fuffer, are fore and hard to be gaineftanded ; and therefore be yow fervent
in prayer that ye repent not, that God hath chofen yow to fuffer afRiftion with
his fon lefus Chrift. Hard it is (I fay) toganeftand fiefhe and blood, and what-
foeuer is mofte precious into this lyfe onlie, in hoip of that kingdome promifed.
And jet onlie they, that contineweth to the end, fhall fland in affurance before
the Lord lefus, into that general day, when vertew fhall relTave a jufl rewarde,
and vice ( with the workers of impietie) fhall fufler wraith and vengeance with-
out end.
Be not ye fclandered at the multitude of them that have joyned hands with im-
piety. For if they had bene of us ( as fand lohne faieth) they had remained with us.
But now this their defection doeth planelie declare, that when they were with us,
they were but as corrupted humores within the body, which behoved to be expel-
. led furthe, before the body could convalefce and come to perfection agane. La-
ment their fall, but follow not their trade. Forhowfoever they profper into their
attemptar, the end thereof fhall be their deftrudion temporall and eterhall, onles
fpedie repentance prevene Goddes judgmentes ; which to wilhe is godly, but to be-
lieve is foolifhprefumption, as oftymes ye have hard
Luke not for fynall vidorie, before that the ftrength and pryde of fleshe be beat-
en down; nether be ye dilcouraged, albeit that iniquitie profper before the world.
For the tyme of their felicitie, which troubleth you for the prefent, shall be
'short. Joyne not with them therefore, as ye will avoyde plagues prefent and con-
demnation eternall. Be faithful! and loving one to another. Let bitternefs and
fufpicion be farre out of your hartes .• And let everie one watche for the preferva-
tion of another, without grudgeing or murmuring ; being allured, that as God hath
appointed you to fuffer afflidion for righteoufhefs fake, fo hath he appointed yow
to pofTes an kingdome ; wherein nether Sathan, fin nor deith shall have power to
moleft yow. Rejoyce in the Lord, that he hath compted yow worthie to fuffer for
his names fake. Pray for me, brethren, that I may feght my battell laughfullie,
to the end. The Lord lefus preferve yow now andevet.Jmm. Of Sarndi Avdrojs
the lythof Julii 1571.
Tour Brother to power inChrifl lefus^
lOHNE KNOX.
If I might wryte, I wolde exhort yow, to remember, that by meaty tribulations vc
muft enter in the kivgdome of heaven.
A GLOSSARY, or Explanation of old
Scots Words in this Edition.
A Back, to hold or keep lack.
Abed, abode.
Aboiie, aixrve
Abyid, abide.
Adder, Engage, oblige.
Adjunand, adjoining.
AdToutrie, adultery.
Affoir, Afore, before.
AB>lytye, yigility.
Aithis. Oatbs.
Alane, alone.
Aid, old.
Alwife, although.
Als, as, aljb.
Allanerlie, Jo/^/y, only.
Amangis, among ft.
Amboflide. Embqffy.
An, if.
Ane, one, a.
Anent, touching, concerning.
Aneuche, enough.
Anis, once.
Appeiris, appears.
Appreve, apprufe, apprtme.
Apuntit, appointed.
Arbiter, Arbitrator.
Art and ^m. Aider and Abetter.
Afs, as.
Afliftaris, Affifters.
Aitour, rufr. beyond, moreover.
Auld, old.
Aught, ought.
Auncetours, Anceftors.
Avoutrie, Adulterie.
Avoyis, Advice.
Awaitmd, waiting.
Auwin, own.
Ay, always, evermore.
Aggresge, aggravate.,
B
Banded, joyned together, com-
bined.
Bairnis, Children,
Baldnefs, Boldnefs.
Bannis, Bans.
Baith, both.
Beand, being,
Begouth, began.
Begynand, beginning.
Beiris, bears.
Belyiffit, believed.
Belyye, Jpeedi/y, in a little time.
Bcfeik, befeecb.
Bcfinefs, Bt^mefSi
Befyde, near hand, by, vntb.
Bin, been.
Bing, Heap.
Bipart, bypaft.
Birfit, bruijed, prejfed,
Birft, burft, broke.
Blawin, blown.
Bleare, blear-eyed.
Blodde, Blood.
Bordouris, Borders,
Bot, but.
Coft, bought.
Cold, Could.
Collationat, collated, examined
lyord by ff'ord.
Comraendatar, Commendator,
who enjoys the Rents of an
Abbay, or other Benefice.
Commoun, common.
Companzounis, Companions.
Compeir, appear.
Compromitt, commit, intrujt.
Bou\detieth,cheriJheth,en9uragetb. Confaif, conceive,
Bow, an arched Gate.
Boyth, both.
Boytts, Boats,
Braid, Bread.
Brake, Imprefjion, Breach.
Bran, Brain.
Brethir, Brother, Brethren.
Bruit, Report, Blame.
Bleid, broad.
Buds, Bribes.
Buikis, Books.
Buirt, Box.
But, witlxiut.
Byding, flaying, waiting.
Byes. Bias.
Bylle. Bill.
Byrunne, bypaft, bygone.
Brunt, burnt.
Bragg, btqft.
Cair, Care.
Cais, Cafe.
Canwes, Canvas, coarfe Linen.
Carvit, carved.
Cafllt, fet afide.
Caldnefs, Coldnefs.
Cautioner. Surety,
Cayr, Care.
Ceis, Ceafe.
Ceiflit, ceafed.
Certes, truly, of a truth.
Challendg, challenge.
Chalmer-child, Fillet de chambre. Delaie, Delay.
Confentis, confents.
Conlignit, configned, fafely de-
pofited.
Confteir, conftruft.
Contraryes, Oppofers, Contra-
differs.
Contynew, continue.
Convenit, convenid. convened,
met together.
Convinced, convicted.
Conweytt, convey'd.
Conzie hoiife, the coining, or
Alint houfe.
Conzied. coined/
Corfe, Corps.
Coup, Cup.
Co\i{\f,mi\ceJiindred.Relations:
Crailit. crazed, broken in Healtbi
Comin, coming.
Cunning, skilful, knowing.
Cure, Care.
Cummer, Trouble,
D
Donetilly,j?nf/y, difcreetly, hand-
fomely.
Deathis, Deaths.
Debtful, due.
Decernii. adjudged, decreed,
Decreytt, Decree.
Decydit, decided.
Deid. Death,
Deids, Deeds or doings.
Chefie, chufe.
Cheinzies, Chains,
Cheilit, cbufed.
Chyding, chiding.
Clouths. Cfoaihs.
Clengeit, cleared, acquitted,
cleanfed. ■
Clere, clear.
Cleything, Cloathing.
Cloifs, Court, narrow Lane, In-
clofure.
Cloii, clofe.
Delaytit, delatit, accufed, fum-
moned.
Demanit, ill ufed.
Demanyt, demanded.
Dempftare, the Officer wboprif
nounces Sentence of a crimi-
nal Judge againft Criminals,
Depeches, Dijpatches.
Depedie, difpatch. cut qffl
Deponar, Deponenj,
Depoled, laid down,
Defyres, Defires,
SebifU
The GLOSSART.
Debtful, indebted.
Debtfully, duly.
Dettis, Debts.
Dewoted, devoted.
Din, Koife.
Ding, defeat, overcome.
Difagwifed, difguifed.
Dimyred, defired.
Difpech, difpatch.
Difpone, difpofe. ,
D'fl'ait, Deceit.
Difiealed, died, deceafed.
Difling, Deftgn.
Difpite, Grudge.
Difpytis, disputes, difputeth.
Ditement, Dittay, IndiSlmenU
Dochter, Daughter.
Domage, Damage.
Dome, domme, dumb.
Dome, Doom.
Double, Copy.
Doung, beat, beat down,
Dounthring, pull down.
Doutis, Doubts.
Doutit, doubted.
Dradde, Dread.
Drawin, drawn.
Dreddouris,- Pears, 'Terrors.
Drefs, manage.
Dreflit, addrejfed.
Duiris, Duris, Doors.
Dyke, J'Tall, Feme.
Slap of the Dyke, Breach of the
Wall.
Dame, condemn.
Earft, eirft, ere now, before.
Effauld, honelf.
CfFayres, affairs.
Effeftuous, effedual.
EfFeiris, Concerns.
Effrayit, afraid.
Effray, Confujion, Fear.
EfRir, after.
Egal, equal.
Eik, add.
An Eik, an .Addition.
Eikand, adding. \, *■• ,
ElUs, ells, already, alfo.
Eird, Herd, Earth.
Eirdly, earthly.
Embaffade, Embajfage.
Emonge.emongs, among,amongji
Empeach, impeach, accufe. op-
pofe, hinder, difiurb.
Ennye, any.
Entres, Intereft.
Entris, Entry.
Ergh, fcroupulous, Ungring.
Er. before.
Efchaipe, efcape. -'
Efchewit, avoided. '■ '
Effembly, ^Jfembly. ■
Efpies, Jpies.
Efpyrance, Hope or Expeilation.
Eftatis, Ejiates.
Eftimett, ejleemed.
Eweft, tirwards, neareft.
Evinly, fair, honeft, equal.
Excepted, accepted,
Exerce, exercife.
Exonerit, cleared, acquitted.
Expojie, expofe, explain.
Expremit, exprymit, expreffed,
mentioned.
F
Fader, Father.
Pais, Foes.
Fand, found.
Fardor, further.
Fafhous, troublefome.
FaWche, trouble, veX'
Faut, Fault.
Fawlty, faulty.
Feads, Fieds, Feuds,
Feat, Fete, neat, politt, aciom-
plijl^ed, handfome.
Fecht, ficht, fght.
Feir, Fere, Fear.
Feiris, Fears.
Feld, Field, felt.
Fending, Maintenance.
Fenze, feign.
Femm, feigned, dijfembled.
Ferd, feird. fourth.
Feft, faft.
Forder, promote, further, fet
forward.
Foreanent, over-againft.
Foige'it, forged.
Forfamekill, for as much.
Forfaitb, truly, indeed, verily.
Fortilles, Fortrefs.
Forzet, forget.
Fourfum, fome four.
Frontars, Frontiers.
Fulifche, fooliji.
Fuillis, Fools.
Fullit, filled.
Furt, forth.
Fute, Foot.
Fulit, guilty.
Ga, go.
Gait, Gate, Street, a Way.
Gangand, went.
Gangand againft, complaining of,
eppq/ing.
Gangis, goes, or leads to.
Garnyfhed, adorned, garrifined.
Gart, made, compelled.
Gate, got.
Geft, gef, gave,
GiS,if,
Gevin, gives.
Gin, if.
Girn, grin.
Girt, guard.
Glifter. hijlre.
Gloming, dark, frowning,
Gloque, dijfemble.
Gluftis, Gloves.
Gracis, Graces.
Graith, Wares, Fkrniture.
Grandfchir, Great Grandfather,
Greitnefs, Grandeur^
Greitomlie, greatly.
Gryte, great.
Guid, good.
Gudle, conveniently.
Guitchir, Grandfather.
H
Habilitie, Ability, Capacity.
Hable, able, qualified.
Half, have.
iHail, hel, whole. %'
Hailfome, wbolefbme.
Haillely, wholly.
Haifte, hajie.
Haiftyft, made hajte. .
Halt, haitrent. Hatred.
Haldin, held, detained. ff-
Hame, Home.
Hard, heard.
Harle, drag, draw,
Hayd, had.
Hear, hair.
Heddis, heads.
Heichar, higher.
Heid, head.
Heid-burrows, head-htlrrot^hf <t
burghs.
Heirfoir, therefore.
Heich, high.
Helas, alace.
HeKumneCs.wholefomefiefs.healtb.
Herbrie, harbour.
Herdis, hards.
Hes, has.
Hie-gate, high-Jfreet.
Heiranent, therein.
Her, here.
Hoife, hofe.
Hole, whole.
Holy, wholly.
Hoppen, hoping.
Hot, Heat.
Howket, hoyet, hollowed.
Huidit, hidden.
Huntis, hunt, hunting.
Hur, hyr, her.
Ilk, every.
Ulufter, illuftrieUs.
Injpeacb, binder, prevent.
Thi GLOSSARY.
Impyre, empire.
Incertaine, uncertain.
Inch. fmaJJ ijle, orijland.
Incke, ink.
Incompatible, inconffient, inca
pable.
Increfe, increafe,
Indeferent, indifferent.
Induring. during.
Ingrait, ungrateful.
Ingynis, ingenuity.
Inlaik, inlake, default, want, ah-
feJice.
Inquiett, difquiet.
Inrin. incurr.
Infew, enfue.
iDtrappit, infnared,
Intromittit, intrometted, meddled
•with.
Intrufed, intruded.
Invyflil, invidious, full of envy.
Joifs, enjoy.
Ifche, ^lace, paffage.
•Ineoiniue, enmity.
Kafis, cafes, caufes.
Kaft, keift, eafi, or tbfaw avmy.
Ken, know. ■
Kendillit, kindled.
Kepid, kept.
Knaw, knorjj.
Knawiegand, knaxing.
Knycht, knight.
Kya, kindred, kin.
Lachit, laughed, mocked.
Lack, vsant.
Finding lack, complaining.
L^des, ladies.
Lang, long.
Loffbur, leifure.
Latt, or lett be, forbear.
Lauchfbl, lavful.
Lawis, laws.
Lawly, lovdy.
Leicher, lower.
Leful, leichfijl. lavful.
Leif, leave.
Leill, true, boneft, cbafte.
Leis, lyes.
Lefage, nonage, under-age,
Leftand, lafiing.
Leftit, lafted.
LefTum, lavful.
Levan, levand, living.
Lever, rather,
Levis, lives.
LichtneG, levity, merriment.
Liefchit, wbipt.
Lifting, exacting, levying,
linaois, limbs.
Lippin, depend, rely upon.
Lois, lofs.
Loppin, leapt.
Lothefbmncfs, veryloatb, unwil-
lingnefs.
Loviteis, beloved.
Loveabill, laudable, alloviable,
lavful.
Lowfitf, foofed.
Ludgeit, lodged.
Lufe, luif, love.
Luifsome, lovely.
Luifer, lover,
Lunt, a ligat. a matcb.
Lyck, lycke, like.
Lyeff, lyff, life.
Lytill, little.
M
Ma, may, moe.
MaiUi rent, duty,
Mair, more.
Moift, mi^.
Makand, making.
Malhure, malle\vre, misfortune.
"MMcipen, arrogant, prefiimptous.
Man, muj}.
Manifing, menacing, tbreattiing.
Manred, follov:ers.
Marcat<roce, market-crofs .
tAixxcr^ ,mate ,feUov'j, companion.
Mekle, meikle, much.
Male, mell, meddle.
Memorie, memorial, memoran
dum, fame.
Mene, mean.
Menfworn, perjur'd.
Ment, meant.
Metar, meeter, more proper, con-
venient.
Meubles, moveables.
Minifler, adminifter.
Minflrel, muftcian.
Mirk, dark.
Mifter, need.
Mocyons, motions.
Moder, mother.
Men, muft.
Mony, many.
Monifould, manifold.
Morn, next day.
Motch, much.
Mote, may, might.
Mowit, moved.
Moyen, Intereft, Power.
Mulis, flippers.
Murmour, regraie, mourn.
Mynt, aim at, effay.
N
Na, no.
Nakit, naked.
Naiait, namsd.
Nanis, noes, negatives.
Narrcft. nearejt.
Natural, dijpojition, affeclion.
No, nor.
Nocht, not.
Nomers, numbers.
Noune part, ovin part.
Nor, oftentimes for than.
Nothcr, nouther, ntr, neither.
Notour, notorious, well kiiovm.
Nychts. nyts. nights.
Obleyrt, obliged.
Oblifland, obliging.
Odible, odious.
Offilirs, officers.
Onlefs, iinlefs.
Ony, any,
Oppin, open.
Oppinit, opened.
Oppone, oppofe.
Or, before.
Overthortly, acrofs,
Oulk, vieek,
Oup, up.
Our, over.
Ous, boufe.
Other, outher, either.
Packeddes, packets.
Paife, weight, ■
Pane, pains, labour.
Pannel, a criminal, or perjon im-
peached.
Parfon, perfon.
Pareifs, perijb.
Partifing, parting, divorcing.
Pafementit, laced.
Pafche, Eajler.
Pafche-evin, Eafter-eve.
Paftimit, diverted, paffed the
time.
Tm,put.
Pik, pitch.
Pinfel, pef^l, flags, ftreamers.
Piatt, pla^r model.
Pleinzeing, complaining.
Plenzeit, complained.
Pleflur, pleafure.
Poifted, urg'd, piijb'd.
Polks, bags.
Policies, palaces, manors, and
what belongs to them.
PoUicie, device.
Pofe, hoard, money inftore.
Portis, ports, gates.
Pottingare, .Apothecary.
Power, poor.
Powling, poling, oppreffing.
Preafe, prefs.
Prechourij, preachers.
' a Preichif.
The GLOSSART.
Preichit, preached.
Prefince, prifon.
Prefoneris, prifiners.
Prief, proof.
Princes, princefs.
Proclamit, proclaimed.
Proftours, procurators, proxies.
Profe, proof.
Proiffit, proved.
Promes, promettis, promife.
Proppit, fupported.
Provyd, providing.
Prayfit, praij'ed.
Puir, poor.
Pulder, powder.
Puneift, pumjbed.
Pure, poor.
Paynis. pains,
Pyratris, pyrates.
Placehalder, who holds the place.
Refliit, Receipt.
RelTavit, received.
Refett, receive, harbour.
Refolute, refolved, confondnt,
agreeable to.
Revocalit, call'd, recall'd,
Rewne, riiht.
Rive, tear, rend.
Roofe, praife, commend,
Rowmit, fettled.
Roundit, ivhijpered.
Rubberie, robbery.
Ruit, Root.
Rule, rofei
Rycht, Risht,
Ryns, runs.
Ryvar, ryvere, River.,
Quailit, quelled.
Querrel, quarrel,caufe, interefi
Quhair, where.
Quhairas, whereas.
Quharintill, wherein.
Quhais, whofe.
Quhame, whom.
Quhidder, whither.
Quhilk, which.
Quhill, until.
Quhilum. fometimes, dece^fed.
Quhinger, hanger.
Quhow. how.
Quitdaimis, abfohet.
Rafu, rafed.
Raifs, rofe.
Rakelefs, rajb,
Rakleft himfelf, behaved rajhly.
Rameid, remedy.
Ratine, retain.
Riwiihe, ravijh,
Rayd, rode, or expedition.
Raygne, reigne.
Rebellours, Rebels.
Recerce, look after, fearcb.
Reciproke, reciprocal.
Reckleffnes, rajbnefs.
Recognofcht, owned.
Red, read.
Reft, ravaged.
Reflifand, refufwg.
Regardand, regarding.
Reif, ravage, theft.
Regentrie, Regency.
Reid, rode.
Reifeit, rapine.
Remanent, remainder.
Remit, Remiffion.
Repunge, impugn.
Sa, fo.
Saddeft, very fad, or melancholy
Sacklefsiie. innocently, without
guile.
Sd.\T,fore.
Sarvays, Service.
Sark, Shirt.
Saule, Soul.
Saulis, Souls.
Savily, fafely.
Sawin, fown.
Schaikin, fiiaken.
Schaw, Jhew. ;
Schawin, fiewn.
Scho, Jhe.
Schot, Jbot.
Schote, Jhoot.
Schrewilly, fhrewdly,
Schuik, fliook.
Schuld, Jbould.
Schyftis, Jhifts.
Seek, Jick.
Secriter, Secretary.
Seelie, k\y, filly t
Seidgit, befxeged.
Seill, Seal.
Seillis, Seals.
Semblabile, like.
Sen, then, thereafter.
Sen, fenfyne, TiKce.
Send, fent.
Senfament, Sentiment.
Sequence, Confequence.
Serk, Shirt.
Serfs, fearch.
Sew, Jaw, fow, difperfe.
Sey, Sea.
Seym, feem.
Schir, iliir. Sir.
Sheiris, Shires, Counties.
Shored, threatned.
Short fpace, for afmall Way
Schaillis, at Variance.
Schyris, Shires.
Sic, bsXtfucb,
Sicht, Sight.
Side, Jignifies long, when applied
to wearing apparel, and ••
ther Furniture.
Sicklyke, alfo.
Sindered. parted, feparated.
Singular, ftngle.
Sythence, Jince.
Skaithe, Harm, Prejudice.
Skippis, Ships.
Skaith, Hurt, Damage.
Skaithlefs, blamlefs, harmlefs.
Slap, Slop, Breach, ox broken^
Sins, Jince.
Sleing, faying.
Slepand, feeping.
Smored, fmotheredi
Smote, blote.
Smuike, Smoke.
Solemnizat, folempnizat, folem*
nized.
. Solempn, folemn.
Solift, folicitous. carefuL
Solifte, follicite.
Solifter, Sollicitor.
Somer, Summer.
Sone, Joon.
Sotche, fucb.
Soupet, fupped.
Sowter, Shoe-maker. ,V
Spanes, Spanijh.
Speirit, fpirit, asked, enquired,
Sperris Iperis, Jpears.
Spreit, Spirit.
Spulzeit, fpoiled, plundered^
Stableis, eftablifb.
Stabillis, Stables.
Stainis, Stones.
Stane, Stone.
Stark, Jlrong.
Steik, Jhut.
Steikand. Jbutting.
Stik, flop.
Stoir, Store.
Stokkit. trim'd.
Strakis, Straikis, Blows, .
Strang, flrong.
Strykin, fought.
The Field was ftrykin, the Bat*
tie was fought.
Smn,Difiurbance,Grief, Troubk.
Sty lid, ftiled, dejigned.
Sua, fo.
Subdittis, Subjects.
Subfcriving. fubfcribing,
Subfcrivit, fubfcriked.
Suddarts, Soldiers.
Su^ir, fwear. .
Suir, fure.
Suld, Jhould.
Sum, Jbme,
Swartryttars, Switzers, Swifs.
Sword-flipers, Sword-cutlers.
Syne, afterwards.
T.
The G LO SSyJ RT
Takinnis, 7'okenj.
Tak leth, take in HI part.
Taigill, retard, binder, ftop.
Tailleit, entailed.
Taille. Tale.
Taikinis, ^okent.
Takkis, Leafes.
Take, taken.
Tares, Tears.
Tarie, ft ay.
Tauking, talking.
Teiris, Tears.
Tendernes of Blood, Froximity
of Blood.
Tereit, tarried.
Thai, tbey.
Tbm, tbem.
Thare, thair, there.
Thairfoir, therefore.
Tbairfrae, from thence.
Thear, there.
Theiranent, thereabout.
Thir, tbefe.
Tlunkand, thinking.
Thocht, tko', altbo.
Thole, i\iQ\\i, fuffer, undergoe,
ivait.
Thowes, tbofe.
Thrall, enjlave, overcome.
U
UmquBill, deceafed.
Underly, lie under, undergo.
Unegal, unequal.
Unhap, unhappy, Unbappinefs.
Unknawn, unhurwn.'
Unleilum, unlawful.
Vnwdmi, unmasked, bare faced.
Uphald, uphold.
Utheris, others.
Utwardly, outwardly.
VJtwith, without.
Wit, kno-j), to wit.
We do yow wit, know ye.
Wod, mad.
Wold, would.
Wole, will.
Worray, lery.
Wrak, If rang, undoing.
Wretar, H'riter. '
Wryet, wrote.
Wyche, which,
Wyif, irife.
Wyll, will.
Wynd, Wind, Street, Lane.
Wycht, Weight.
Wyning, gaining.
Wyfeit, Wytit, xifited, vievied.
Vaik, vacant.
Vairde, Ward.
Vaiiable, valid.
Valor, Falue.
Veray, verray, very.
Very, viry, weary.
Vefeit, viftted.
Vincuft, vanquijhed.
Voce, l^oice.
W
Wae, forrovful, grieved.
Wait, wot.
God wait, God knows.
Throch of Paper, a Sheet of Fa- Waight, wait.
per. Walkynit, awaked out offleep.
Thyne, tbence. Wan, one,
Tickatts, placarts, Wan, did win.
Till, 10, unto. Wan-weird, bad or ill Fortune.
Tint, tine, loft, loofe. Ware, were.
Tir, thefe. Wardill, Warld, World.
Tirrit, teared, ftript. Watht, wdtch.
Tolbuith, The Prifon, the Place Wappinis, Weapons.
•where fometimes the Courts o/Wardit, in Ward, oifafe Keep
Jufticefit.
Toome, tume, empty.
Towatts, towards, to.
Traft, trufty.
Traift, truft.
Treatie, Treatife.
Treflbun, Treafon.
Trim, genteel, new.
Trow, believe.
T^uflit. ftitcbed.
Tryift, appointment.
Tryit, tryed.
Tryfed up, trumped up.
Tryfting, appointing.
Tuck, tuick, took.
Turnpike, winding Stairs.
Twechis, touches.
Twitched, touched.
Tymous, betimes, early.
Tyne, loofe.
Tynt, loft.
Tyran, Tyrant.
TytUlis pities.
ing, or Cuftody.
Was, in the fingular NumBer, of-
tentimes for were.
Wayit, weighed, conjidered.
Wecht, Weight.
Wedder, Weather.
Wodfet or wadfet, mortgaged.
Weill, well, irelf are.
Weris, Wars.
Weirly, warlike.
Werray, very.
Weruit, wearied, fatigued.
Wes, was.
Wefeing, vi/iting, viewing.
WelheU, rejfel.
Weyit, weighed, confidered.
Wheare, <wbere.
While, until.
Whilk, viiicb.
Whyder, whether.
Wiced, wicet, wicked. •
Wief. Wife.
Wily, nmning, crafly.
Yai, they.
Yairintill, thereunto.
Yairof, tbereof.
Vair, there.
Yam, them.
Yamlelfis, ibemfelves.
Yone, one.
Yane, than, then,
Yat, that.
Ydle, idle.
Ye, the, you, yea.
Yeid, went.
Yerne, ym. Iron.
Yet, Gate.
Yetfle, expeSt, aim at, look for.
YiUis, IfJes.
Yis, this.
Yle, Ife, If and.
Ynklyn, notice, Intillegence.
Ypocrit, Hypocrite. .
Ys, is.
Yftieare, VJher,
■Yt, that.
Ytt, it.
Yuke Itch.
Yneuche, enough.
Zaird, Yard.
Ze, ye, you, yea.
Tjei, zeal, yea.
Zed, zeid, went.
Zeires, Tears.
Zeirly, yearly.
Zet, Gate.
Zett, yet.
Zifternight, yefternigbt.
Tit, yet.
Zoung, young.
Zoungar, younger.
Zouth, jioutb.
Zow, you,
Zuicl, Jtcb, or itching.
At.
INDEX
A.
AGreement 'twixt the Queen Regent and Lords of the Congregation at Perth laft May
1559. '38
^lefeus (Alexr.) a learned Man forced to fly to Germany for his Religion, made
a Profeflbr in the Univerfity of Lipjick, 20
^irth (IFill.) a Friar, in his Sermon at Dundee ipeaks freely againft the licentious Lives of
Bilhops, ^4
^nderfon (Mx. Alexr.) Sub-principal of Aberdeen, called before the Convention of the
Nobility to give an account of his Faitli, which he declines to do ; at laft makes fome De-
fences for the Mafs, but is not able to anfwer the Arguments againft it, 261
St. Andrew's Caftle befieged after Cardinal Beaton's Death, an Agreement made with the
befieged, the Articles whereof were not keep'd. < 66
The Siege carried on and the Caftle furrendered upon Articles,which were no better keep-
ed than the former, 76
St. Andrews (Hamilton, Bifhop of) his Letter to the Earl of ^rgyle, and Inftruftions to Sir
David Hamilton.xo diffuade the faidEarl from embracing theReformation, 102
(Bp. of ) and Abbot of Co?:/r«5Mf/ meet fecretly in i^flj/^fj, 316
. (Bp. of) erefts the Mafs 1563, 326
(Bp. of _) procures an Order from the Queen to put him in Pefleflion of all the Power
he had before the Reformation, comes to Edinburgh with 100 Horfe to take Poffeflion, is
defired by the Provoft of Edinburgh to defift from that Defign ; he complies with the Ad-
vice at that Time, 40?
'Andrew Armftrong and Patrick CranHon put to Trouble. 33^
Areskine (Lord) created Earl of iWar, 379
Argyle, Huntlie and Angus made Knights of the Cockle, anno 1549, _ S
his Anfwer to the Articles feut to him by the Bilhop of St. Andrews, to difluade him
from embracing the Reformation, r- e,j. '°*
Army from England arrives at Leith 3d May 1544, fpoiled and burnt the Town of Edin-
burgh, Palace of Halryrudehoufe, and Houfe of Craigmillar, where they got great Spulie, 41
\Arran (Earl) chofen Governor oi Scotland, makes choice of I'bomas Guillvn »nd John Hough
both Proteftants for his Preachers, . 33
. By the Praftices of the Abbot oi Paijley he breaks the Contraa of Marriage 'twixt Queen
Mary and Prince Edward of England, ^ 37
Renounces the Proteftant Religion in Stirling, ■ ^j>i^t
Gives his eldeft Son Pledge to Cardinal Beaton, ibid.
. Governor, depofed 1554, 88
eldeft Son to the Duke of Chattlerault, arrives from FraKff, where he was in Danger
• of his Life, but his younger Brother, a Child, detained in olofs Prifon, 156
propofed by the Parliament of Scotland 1 560 in Marriage to Queen Elizabeth, zsf
. makes Suit to Queen Mary of Scotland for Marriage, but is refufed by her, 260
his Proteftation againft the Aft of Privy-council, 25th Auguft 1561, 28 J
, is in great Trouble of Mind, and pretends to difcover a reafonable Conlpiracy againft the
Queen contrived by the Earl of Bothwel, 307
is ill ufed by Captain James Stewart of Cardonel his Keeper, 308
Articles on which the Lollards oiKyle were accufed, z
concluded by the Proteftants oi Scotland for the promoting RefornWttOB, «oi
ot Reformation agreed oji by the Fopilh Clergy, »^o
Ar<
li
J N D E X.
Articles agreed on by the BiOiop ofP'allance andMonficur/JflnrfamCommifHoners ftornfrajir^
and the Nobility and People of iVo//rtn</. , ,^, . "'P
abovementioncdproclaimedat£Jfnfcur^fcSthJ.Jjiy6o. u p i. f nr ^'^
General AOembly ir.eets \aDcc(»J,er 1 561. debates among them concerning the Book of Dif-
-I'^nSnt fome Articles concerning the planting of Kirks and Provision of Minifters. 296
their Addrels to the Queca concerning the Earl Botlnvel. &c. their breaking up Cutbbert
JianiTays Houfc. 303
meet 24th June 1 562. fend a Supplication to the Queen, 3 » '
25th December 1563, ^23
meets 25th December isO}. 344
meetsin Ju«^ 1564, ^*^
- meeir34th''j««ri j6?.'*fend fome Articles to the Queen concerning Religion, which are
prefented to her, to which ilie gives no fatisfying Anfwer,
-1 conveen in Edinburgb 25th December .565. make fome Afts againft the Mafs, and ad-
drefs the Queen for Payment ot their Stipends, 35
__ conveenin EJ,ni«r^fc i)^rfmifr .566, appoint a Faft, and fupplicate the King and Queen
for their Stipends, and fend the moft eminent Minifters to prefent thetr Supphcat.on, but get
nothing but iTiUting Anfwers, , r ,, i^ ,.^„„
- conveens2 5thJ««. .566, before whom P««/ iVf.Jen compears, and feeks to be recon-
ciled to the Church, is enjoined to make publick Expreffion of hs Repentance, which he be- ^
ans to do, but breaks off before he had finirtied it, and goes to England r f , ^^
_ meet 2ith December 1566. fend a Letter to theBilTiops of England in f^^^ours of fuch
a were perfecuted for refufmg to comply with the Ceremonies. ^X'"'tlV .Ia%.a ,K. *
Athole (&ri; lo^s^o Stirling, enters into a Bond with many of the NobiUty to detend the
young Friace, and revenge the Murder of King Henry, 4
B.
Balfour CMr. Jamej) Parfon of Lisk, has great Intereft at Court, 38?
fr Cai^atel with ihe Lords tor Delivery of the Caftle of /.^^^^^^^^ 410
(Mr. James) John Auchinleck, &. Prtfoners m the Gallies, fet at Libert). ^^
Ba^"by She^Noblemen. who (lew Rizio, to maintain Religion and Liberty 393
For Maintenance of Religion and mutual Defence, at i>Urhng 26th J^y'^^; . '^^
Of the proteftant Nobility to promote Religion, from which they took the Name ot
the Lords of the Congreganon. £rfi«6«rsb 3d Z)frm*er, 1557. p,n,,a,n, Reii
By the Gentlemen of Kyle. Cuningbam and Carick m favours of the Proteftant ReU.
^£;ttSrpt'l^'rJ-J....V.hisHand. after he was dead, to a blank Pa^r. a.
bove which was fupermduccd a pretended Teftament. , r j u u j ■.^.„ ,r.
Impifoned in /J^ftWffc, at'terwards zi Seyton. getshimfelf releafed by Buds given to
the Lord Seytoun and Laird of Letbington. . r
Makes Differences betwixt Lord Jiutbven and Lord Gray, concemmg the utnce 01
Provoft of St. Jobtiftoun, . „, r lo
Perfecutes a great many in the Toun of Perth, for pretended Herely,
Pu5j four Men and a Woman to Death, on Sufpicion of their having eaten a Goofe on
-iTcaufes murther>&n Roger a Black Frier, a godly learned Man, one who preached
Chrift, to the Comfort of many in Angus and Mearns, at St ^'j^'^'"'. . . . j^ ■ . -
__ His Death, May 29th .546. faired with great Salt, put m a Cope, and laid in a Nuick ^^
iS/ir^t^^ir'lIiibafladour from Queen Elizabeth, to the Prince's Baptifm. 400
|:S\Sttf?S- "^sl^ Cutbbert Ramfay. Door.in Q^eft of AUM Craik ^^^
— A ximulT^To' M out bet^vixt him and the Hamiltouns, feeks to be reconcUed with
the Earl of Arran. by the Means o( John ^Knox, which is brought about. 306
Makes his Efcape out of Edinburgh Caftle, |^^
Obtains Liberty to go to France, ^gg
— SadrSie^m^To'the Earl of Murray, futnmoned .0 anfwer the Courfe of the Law. ^^^
ad Ma) >J6 J. for his Crimes, Sttib'
3«7
3«
33
40
ibid
1 N T> E X.
Bot}mel (Earl of) appears not before the Jufticiary Court, to anfwer for his Crimes, at the In-
ftance of the Earl of Murray, retires to France, the Queen favours him, 37-2
Arrives from France, and is gracioufly received, and made Lieutenant in the Weft and
middle Marches, 386
Is married to the Earl of Hitnt/y's Sifter, 3^2
Goes to the Queen at Dunbar, ^g^
■ Is moft in Favour with the Queen, and procures favour to the "Lwit oi Ormijiourtr Hat-
' ton and C alder, 3g6
■^ Procures Favour for fome of thofe, who were acceflbry to Rizio's, Slaughter, never joins
with the Lords of the Congregation, tho' he outwardly profelTed to be a Froieftant, and never
frequented the Proteftant Sermons, jgg
Is ill wounded by the Thieves in Nithfdale, and is in Danger of his Life, Tifited by the
Queen in hisSicknefs, jgg
Caufes the Body of the flab King to be Carried to the next Houfe, is chief Contriver of
King Henry's Murther, , ^^^
Calls together feveral Lords, and procures their Confent to his Marriage with the Queen,
meets with her, according to Agreement betwixt them, in the Road from Stirling to Edin-
burgh, carries her to Dunbar, as it were by Force, tho' it was done by her good Liking ; the
Nobility offer to refcue her, but ihe refufes their Afliftance ; obtains his Pardon from her, and
a Divorce from his Lady, 405
Caafes the Queen write to the Nobility to come to her, a Bond is tendred to them, to ob-
lige themfelves to defend the Qiieen and Bothwel ; feveral of them fubfcribed it, 406
Raifes Men with a Defign to feize the Prince, but is prevented, ^07
Sends to Sir James Balfour for a Silver Cabinet, who difcovers to the Lords, that Both-
" -mel hjj fent for it ; they feize it, and find in it the Letters and Love Sonnets betwixt the Queen
and Bothwel, 41a
Bowes (Alary) Spoufe to Mr. ^kox dies. 1560. 260
Eriance (Count) semes AmbaflTadour from the King of France, to the Prince's Baptifm, 400
Buchanan (Mr. George) imprifoned for his Religion, makes, his Elcape, 24
C.
Calf with two Heads prefented to the Queen Regent. 9j
CaJJils (Earl of) Earl Rothejs, Lord Fleming, and Bifhop of Orknay all died in France, M^edttd
to' have been poifoned at the Marriage of Queen Mary witli the Dauphin of France, ' 96
-^— marries the Lord Glammis's Sifter, and by iier Ferfuafion becomes Proteftant.
and carries on the Reformatipn in Carrick, , 399
Caithnejs {Earl) imprifoned for a Murder committed by his Servants upon the Earl of Mar-
fbal's Men, but foon releafed, 347
Carvat (Sir James Prieji) imprifoned for faying Mafs, is tied by the Mob to the Crofs of Edin-
burgh, and pelted with Eafter Eggs ; is accufed before the Jufticiary, and fet upon the Piiiory. 370
Cecil {Sir T-F^illiam) his Anfwer to John Knox's Letter, Oxford zSfhJuly, i559» 212
Cbattlerault {Duke of) his Purgations from the Afperfions caft on him, 181
obliged by the Privy Council, iSih- ^J>ril 1562, to deliver up the Caftle of Dumbarton
to the Queen, 308
Cbatellet privily conveys himfelf under the Queen's Bed, brought to St. Andrews, put to an Af-
fize, and beheaded, ssd February 1562, 325
Churches of Geneva, Bern and Baftl, Qc. fend the Confeffion of their Faith to the Church of
Scotland, which is approven by them. ... ^bid.
Charter-houfe oi Perth deftroyed, ' „,, /v« ^^*
Clergy {Popifh) pretend to difpute with the Protefiants. which the Proteftants accept on reafonable
. Conditions, but refufed by the Papifts, 121
Confeftion of Faith by Mr. Pfl/rirt i/rt;;;///o;2, 6 — 14
Congregation of Proteftants their Addrefs to the Queen Regent complaining of the Hardihips (he
■ had put them under, -zid May 1559, 130
their Declaratation in tlieir own Defence, 131
their Declaration to the Popilli Prelates, &c, 1 34
— — affifted aiPerth by the Gentlemen of Fife, Angus and Mearns and Town of Dundee, ibid.
'- meet in great Numbers in Coupar Muir, make a Ceflation of Arms with the Queen for
eight Days, <T,th June is 59. 142"
■ Write to the Queen Regent, march to St. '^ohnfton, lummtm the Laird of Kinfaiions Pro-
roft there to open the Ports to them, and thstt the Town may enjoy the Proteftant Religion
and their Liberties, to which the Provoft gives a flat Denial ; refcue the Town,- but the Ab-
bay deftroyed, 144
— Seize Stirling, and from thence march to Edinburgh, 29th June, , 1 46
- — ' Several Communings 'twixt them and the Queen Regent, witliout any Effeft, 149
Con-
J N T> E a:
Congrejaiion (Lords oQ vindicate themfelves from the Calutnny of debafing the Publick Coin,
and of carrying of!' Money from the Mint, 1 5 j
their Agreement with the Queen Regent, 24th July 15/9, 1 jj
Thefe Articles proclaimed, 154
Depart from Edinburgh 26th July 1559, come to Lithgow, and from thence to Stirling,
where they enter into a Band for Maintenance of Religion jnd mutual Defence, 155
their Anfwer to the Queens Proclamation 28th ^ugujl 1559, 163
-Another Anhver to the faid Proclamation 167
Their Convention at JTrirZ/Vg, 10th September 1559, 169
Their Letter to the Queen Regent, upon her beginning to fortify Leith, 19th Septemher
1 J 59. »*»</•
Their Letter to the Lord Erskine, informing him of the Frencbmerii fortifying Leith,
Kjih September 1/59, 170
Appoint their Forces to meet at Edinburgh, 15th Odfober 1559, for Redrefs of the Op-
preflions committed by the French, and give Warning to the Country agaiiift the Defigns of tlie
yr:n.b, 1 7 1
. Their Declaration againft the Queen Regent's Proclamation, 1 74
Their fecond Admonition to the Queen Regent, 1 8 1
-Conveen in Council at Edinburgh 21ft Ofiober 1559, to which 7ofcK ffllfock and John
Knox being called give their Opinion concerning the depofing of the Queen Regent, who is de-
poled by their unanimous Sentence, the Reafons of whidi Depofition are contained in their
Declaration at Edinburgh, 21 ft Odober is 59, 183
-Intimate the Queen s Sufpenfion from Authority at the Crols of Edinburgbi and fend back
th; Lyon Herald to her with their Anfwer, 186
-Summon the Town of L.eitb by Sound of Trumpet, and get Defiance from thofe within, 187
Purfue the Earl Botbweliov wounding and robing the Laird of Ormijfoun, but he efcaped and
carried off the Money with him, 189
< Lofe fome of their great Ordnance brought for the befieging of Zfj//;, 19a
Their Letier to Sir I'^'illiam Cecil 17th July 1559, 207
Send the Lord James, the Lord Ruthxen, Maimer of Maxwel, the MafJer of Lindfay.
Mr. Henry Balnaves, and the Laird o£ Fittarow, to meet with the DuJce ot Norfolk and o-
thers the Queen of England's CommifTioners, having full Power to contraft with the Nobility
of Scotland, which Commiflioners make a Contraft with England, ztf
— — InftruftFans to the above named Commiflioners that went to Berwick, 221
Their Band at Leith, 27th ^pril 1 560, 224;
-Petition the Parliament 1560 for eftablilhing the Proteftam Religion, 237
Conference betwixt Lethington and fome other Courtiers, and John Knox and fereral Other Mi
nifters, concerning the Queen's private Mafs, and the Mealures of Subjeftion to the Authority
of Princes, 349
Cokin {Robert ofCleiJh) Mafler houftiold to Lord James, Hain at the Siege of Leitb, May
1560, 227
Commiflioners from irawce and England arrive to treat of a Peace after the Death of the Queea
Regent, 229
Council (/"rm) delays to anfwer the Ambaflidor from France in the 1361, untill the Meeting
of the Parliament in May, 2G9
Make an Aft, that all Places and Monuments of Idolatry fhould be defffoyed, which is
executed, 274
Their Letter to Queen Elizabeth concerning Queen Mary's refufing to ratify the Treaty at
Leith, 16th July I $6 1, 279
Aft 25th ^ugiift 1561, commanding every Perfon to keep the Peace, 285
Four of their Afts concerning the Provifion of Miniiters, all in 1561. 296
Coldingham (John Lord) dies at Inverneft with great Remorfe, 36 j
Corsraguel Abbacy thrown down by Order of the Privy Council, 274
Craig {John) preaches with great Freedom againft the Vices of the Time, 346
His Aaount of fome Thefes concernitig the fupreme Power of Pruices difputed in the
Univerfity of Bononia, 364
Crofts (Sir James) much blamed for Negleft of his Duty the Day of the Afl"ault on Leitb. 226
Creigbton {Mr. Abraham) Prelident oftheSefllon dies, 396
Crav) (Fauf) a Bohemian burnt at St. y4ndrevis for alledged Herefy ^nno 1431 t
Crown matrimoniaJ granted to the Dauphin oS France Husband to Queen Mary, 110
D.
Damley, {Henry Stewart Lord) arrives in Scotland, February 20th ij64-;, U admitted to
fee the Queen, at the Place olfTeems, 368
•" JDarn
/ N D E X.
Darnley (Lord) created Earl of JRofs, 12th May 1565. and foon after Duke of Rothefay, 3-7 ■j
Dearth in Scotland in 1 563. ^2^
Difcipline. Commiflion given to feveral MinLfters and Superintendents, to frame the Policy and
Difcipline of the Kirk, 256
Firft Book was compiled by the faid Commiflioners, and fubfcribed by a great Part of the
Nobility, ^ 257
Drums beat for Men of War to ferve the King and Queen, 280
Dun (Sir John Erskine, Laird of) withdraws himfelf frm the Queen Dowager's Fury, difcovers
her F.iliiiood to the Proteftants, which inflamed the Multitude to that Degree, that they de-
ftroycd the Monuments of Idolatry, ,2^
Diirie (Billiop of Galloway) his Death. 06
E. ■
Edinburgh (Magiftrates) make a Proclamation againft Vice and Popery, for which they are im-
prifoned by the Queen, and an Order given to make a new Eleftion of Magiftrates, which
with fome Reluftancy is obeyed, 292
Edward Vl. of England dies, July is $■}, univerfally lamented, hisCharafter, 89
Elders, the Order of their Eleftion, as alfo of Deacons, in the Kirk of Edinburgh, 267
Elizabeth (Queen of England) anfwers the Scots Ambafladors, that Ihe would not marry foon,
and defired that the Earl of Arran might not depend on any Hopes thereof, 260
Ratifies the Treaty of Peace at Z-dr/j, 274
Much offended at Queen Mary's Refufal to ratify the Treaty at Leith, 277
writes to the Eftates of Scotland, concerning that Matter, 278
Mutes (Sir Peter) Ambafladdr fent from Queen Elizabeth, to defire the Ratification of
of the Treaty of Leith, which is again declined by Queen Mary, 294
Negotiation 'twLxt her and Queen Mary, and an Interview 'twbtt them defigned at York,
which did not take Effeft, 3 1 x
Appears difpleafed with Queen Mary's Intention to marry the Lord Darnley, commands
the Earl of Lennox and Lord Darnley to return to England, 360"
Sends the banilhed Scots Lords fome Support, after the Earl of Murray's Departure from
her, and writes to Queen AJ(7r)i in their Favours, 380
Elphingfton(Mx. Nicolas) feat to England by the Proteftants for Support, who brought 10,000
L. Sterl. 380
England fends down Affiftanc* to the Lords of the Congregation, their Ships feize Captain Cul-
len and his Ships, who were affifting the French, ' 203
their Army arrives in Scotland, 2d ^pril 1560, 22 J
make an Affault upon Leith 7th of May 1560, but arerepulfed with Lois, 226
-de^'infiom Scotland, ibih Jtily 1560, 234
(Ambaflador of) his Letter to his Miftrefs Queen Elizabeth, dated at Paris z'^d June
1 561, concerning Queen Mary of Scotland's Refufzl to ratifie the Treaty of Peace at i«Vfe, 274
Englijh Army of 10,000 Men come to Scotland by Land, and feme Siaps and Ordnance by Sea.
September 1J47, march toward i«V/j, a Skirmilh betwixt the Engf'fi ^nd Scots Army, the
Scots Army defeat, near 10,000 Oain, the Englijh Army return Home with their Spoil and
Prifoners, 78
F.
Failfurd (Religious Houfe of) thrown down by Order of Privy Council, 274
Faith (two Penny) a Popilh Catechifm fo called, 110
Forrefs ( ) of Linlithgow condemned to be burnt, becaufe he had a New Teftament in En-
glijh. by the Means of James Beaton Bi(ho^ of St. Andrews, ^pril i;^?, 19
Franch (Henry II. King of) hurt and dies of it, 1 50
Francis II. King of France, and his Queen Mary of Scotland their threatning Letter to Lord,
jfamt'/ Prior of St. Andrews, ijth July isfg, 156
refufes to confirm the Peace contr;:fted at Leith, 1560, 257
dies 1 5th December 1 560, a Poem upon his Death, both in Latin and Englijh, 258
Frence Fleet arrive in Scotland, May 1 549, fonifie Jnverask, ^'V ' ■' go
Soldiers iflue out of Leith,come to the Middle of the Canojigate, till fome People aildfetire, jgo
. iflue out again, but are repulfed by the Earl of ^rra« and Lord James, ' " ' ""'igi
their Skirmilh with the Lords of the Congregation near Rejialrig, where Were flain about
30 Men, and fome People of Note taken Prifoners, '192
behave with great Infolency and Rage, go over to Fyfe, take Kinghorn, andwaftethe
Country about, belonging both to Proteftants and Papifts, blow up the Houfe of Grange by
Gun-powder, are oppofed by the Earl of Arran and Lord James, who had not above 600
under their Command, the French being in Numiber above 4000, 200
FrfwrfeSoldier his miferable Edd, robbing a poor Womaa in ?i^/j/?</f in F^ 20 j
Frencb
INDEX.
'Page
French Soldiers ifllie ouc of Leitb, enter the £w^/»/6 Trenches, (by and put to flight all that
were in tlicra, 224
tranfported from /.«>'; to FrflMC^, 1560, -234,
Aniballador his Demand, 269
his Demand retufed by the Council, 273
Fyfi (Jobit) a learned Man, forced to flee to Germany for his Religion, no
G.
Gatb^irtb ("Laird of) his bold Difcourfe to the Queen Regent, 94
Gilbie (^■intiony) his Admonition to England md Scotland, 458
St. Giles Lnage drowned and burned, 92
pulled down, and Head and Heels dadded againft the Calfay, 96
Glaf^ox the Scrolls of i
CBiftiop of) his Controverfy with Cardinal Beaton anent Precedency agreed upon the
Occalion of Mr. If''ijheart's\it2,ih, 51
Glencaim {^iexr. EarlJ his Poem againft the Friers, 2.5
together with the Gentlemen of the Weft come fealbnably to the Relief of the Town
o( Perth, with csco Men, 136
breaks down the Altars and Images m the Chapel of Halyrudehoiife after the Queen's
Imprifonm«nt in Locblevin, 4 ' o
Gordon (Jobn) purfues the Lord Ogilvy, is taken and imprifoned, but makes his Efcape, 3 1 j
reflored to his Eftate and Honours, 379
Grange (Laird of ) by his wife Counfel brings about the elefting of the Earl of Arran to be
Governor of the Kingdom during the Mmority of Queen Alary, 33
he and others efcape from Mount St. Micbel in France, 84
-1 fends a Challenge to Monfieur d'Ofcll, whom he upbraids with Cowardice, defeats Captain
la Batu, kills l^n and feveral of his Men. 202
Gray (Lord) is commanded by the Duke of Norfolk to continue the Siege of Leitb, 227
Cuije (Duke of) contrives the Ruin of the Proteftants in France, 25S
flain, 334
H.
Hamilton (Mr. Patrick) Abbot of Fearne accufed of and burnt for pretended Herefy, Anno
«527, 4— «45
Hamilton (Sir James) appears to King James V. after his Death, and feems to cut off both
his Arms, and immediately thereafter both the Kings Sons died, 24
Hadinrige Raid, 26
Haddingtoun fonified by the Engfijhmen, Preparations made for a Seige of Haddingtoun by
French Soldiers, 80
infeaed with the Peftilence and Famine, whereby Mr. ff^Jheart's Prophecy was ful-
filld, 68
Harlaw {William) and Jofcre rfnihck, two Proteflant Preachers come to Scotland, isis, 90
preach piiblickly in Edinburgh, and John Douglas in Leith, and Paul Mefane in
Dundee, 94
Hamiltons refufe to join with the Lords who had entred into a Bond for Rei-enge of King Hen-
ry's Murder' and Prefervation of the young Prince, 4'0
Hamilton (Gavin) (lain by the Englijh, 7a
fi^nry VIIL King of England abolifties the Authority of the Pope of Rome in Etigland, and
fuppreiTes Monafteries, 20
defires on Interview with King James V. at York, which was agreed to by the faid
, King James, but induced to break his Promife by Cardinal Beaton and others of his
' Faftion, 26
Hinry King of Scotland and Queen Mary fend an Order to the Town-Council of Edinburgh
10 depofe Archibald Douglas tht-ir Provoft and receive the Laird of Craig-miUer, which they
obeyed. 38 «
- — r- travels with the Qgeen from Edinburgh to LitbgoTD. and thence to Stirling and Gla/gow, ibid.
leave GUi/gim. are met by ao Army at the Bridge of Calder, which confufted of near
J 5CO0 Men, go direftly to Edinburgh, are informed that the Lords were in Edinburgh,
conunand CdfXiitt Alefcavder Are/kine to fire the Ordnance of the Caflle of Edinburgh
againft the Lords, 3*2
goto ^r/r/i/i?. and from thence iopye, tax the Burrows in great Sums, raife 600 Horfe,
order to hang two Men who had taken Wages from the Lords, 383
are attended by the Geatlemen of Fife 10 Si. Andrews, who are commanded to fubfcribe
INDEX,
Pag
a Band to'defend the King and Queen, S^. Caufe take the Laird of Liindie Prifoner, a Man
of 80 Years, imprifon Thomas Scot and the Laird of Behakd, feize the Houfes of the Earls
of Murray, Rotbes and others, charge the Earls of Glencairn, ^rgyle, Qfc. to prefent them-
selves at St. Andrews, before the King and Queen wKhin fix Days, and they not appearing
were denounced Rebels, fine the Town of Dundee in 2000 Merks for affifting the Lords,
come to Edinburgh, Matter of Maxwel writes to them, and makes Offers in names of the
Lords, emit a Proclamation againft the Lords loth December 1565, 38^
« .feek to borrow L. 1000 Sterling from the Inhabitants of EdinbHrgh, which they refufe,
but at lafi conftrained to pay it, 387
go to Dumfries in Purluit of the Lords, 38S
disband their Army conliflingof 18000 Men, are reconciled with the Mafler of Maxivef,
return to Edinburgh, ibid.
■ go openly to Mafs on Oiriftmas 1556 and hear the Friers preach, 390
Henry (King) emits a Proclamation vindicating himfelf from the Slaughter of iZjzw, for which
he is much contemned. 395
goes to the Caftle of Edinburgh with the Queen, and orders all fuch as were concerned
in the Slaughter of Rizio to appear before the Privy Council, puts 'Thomas Scot SheriiPDe-
pute of Perth to death very cruelly for his alledged Acceflion to that Slaughter, condemn two
Burgeffes of Edinburgh for Ditto, but are pardoned at the Ladder Foot by the Earl of Both-
wel's Interceffion, ibid.
is contemned of all Men, wants fuch Things as are neceflary for his Station, writes to the
Pope, the Kings of Spain and France, complains that Popery is not again erefted in Scot-
land, and lays the Blame thereof on the Queen, who gets a Copy of thefe Letters, which in-
creafes her Hatred againft him, 399
ill ufed at Stirling at the Time of the Solemnity of his Son's Baptifm, gets Poifon, goes
to Glajgow, where the Signs of it appeared, is brought near to his Death, but by the Strength
of his Youth recovers, 40 r
is allured by the Queen to come to Edinburgh, where he is murdered, 9th February 1 s&^7 404
his Charafter,' ^ ibid.
Home (Caftel of) recover'd from the Englijh 1 549, 82
Huntly {Earl) is offended at the Execution of the Captain of Invernefs, convocates his Friends,
is denounced Rebel, fights the Queen's Army at Corrichie-biirn, is defeat and taken with his
two Sons John and Adam Gordons, the Earl immediately dies, and his Son John Gordon
executed, who difcovers at his Death feveral treafonable Praftices, Lord Gordon is imprilbned
in the CsAel of Edinburgh, November 28th 1^62, conviift of Treafon 8th February and
kept in Prifon till ^«^M^ 1^65, 31S
I.
James V. King of Scotland affembles his Forces at Fala, where they refuft to invade England. ;
gets a Scrol from Cardinal Beaton of fuch as he efteem«d Hereticks, and was prevailed by him
to concur in that Perfection, makes an unfuccefsful Expedition igsinHEngland at Solov^Mofs, 28
gets News of the bad Succefs at Lochmaben, falls into a deep mcianchol}-, and foon aC
leT liits, December 1%. 1542, 3'
James Lord Prior of St. Andrews, afterwards Earl of Murray, his Anfwcr to the Letter of
FrancisW. and Queen M<2ry, dated it. Dumbarton leth Auguft I5i9> >j7
hisAnfwef to the Queen Regent's Letter 30th September ijjg, dated at St. Andrews,
ift October 1559, '72
returns from France, having efcaped a great many Dangers there ; brings Letters from
the Queen, entreating her Subjefts to preferve the Peace till (he come home, 273
— goes to the North, and executes the Orders of the Privy Council, with refpeft to the de-
ftroying of the Monuments ef Idolatry, 274
— appointed the Queen's Lieutenant in the South, where he fuppreffes Theft, 294.
— made Excl of Murray, Feb. 1561-2, marries Lady ^^/z^j- Aa.'A Daughter to the Earl
of Marijhall, 302
— - makes a Raid to Hawick, apprehends 50 Thieves, feveral of them were executed, 311
— is much difpleafed with Bothwell's Return from France, 368
— Articles prefented by him to the Queen in Favours of the Proteftant Religion, 372
writes to the chief of the Proteltants concerning the Cenvention at St. Johnfton, defiring
them to fend Men of Learning to that Meeting, 373
with the reft of the banifhed Lords arrives m Scotland, loii March 1565-6, at^King
Henry's Defire, 393
James Prince of Scotland, and afterwards King James VI. of Scotland and L of G. Britain,
born in the Caftle of Edinburgh, 1 9th June 1 566, 397
— — Baptized in the Great Hall of Stirling Caftle by the Biihop of St, Andrew's, after the
Popilh Manner, i-jth Deer. 1566, 400
I N 'D E X.
Page.
James Princeof Scotland Crowned Kins a' Stirling, where JohtiKnox preached the Coronation
Sermon, and theEarl of A/or/ow and Lord Hume took the Coronation Oath in Name of ihe
young Kin-. 41a
Images ftolen away in all Parts of jlie Country ; St. Gite firft drowned in the Korth Locb and
after barnt, q^
Inquiiition againft the Inhabitants oi Dundee and Leitb by Cardinal Bea'.on, anno 1534, 2s
K.
Keilor a Black-fiier fets fortli the Hiftory of ChniVs Pafllon in fucli lively manner, tJut the
common People applied the Part tliat Pilate and the JeT.tiJh Pritfts acted to the Manage-
ment of the PopilbPriefts at that Time, and for wiiich C.uie he was burnt in the Cajl.'ehill of
Edint'.iT^b, aswasaifo Friar hexeri/i^e. Sir Luncan Simjon Fried, Rolert Forrejier Gentle-
man, D(.an Thomas t'orret Canon regular and vicar, . 22
Kilniinniiig {Wkacy) thrown down by Order of the Privy-council, •* 27+
Knox Qobn) comes to St. yindreivs in 1547, is folicitate b)^ feveral zealous Proteflants to
enter into the Office of the Miniftry, to whofe Deftres at laft he yields, engages in a Con-
troverfv conccrnmg the Popilh Tenets with Dean John Annan, refutes the Popilh Doftrincs,
is oppoled by Hamilton Bifhop of St. Andrevjs, is called before a Convention of Cray and
Black-friars, and acculed of feveral Articles ; his Conference between him and John It'liiram
Sub-prior of St. Andrews iniil-TUr Arbiuide, C7
- — fent to the Gallies with Mr. James Balfour, where he \v2s all Winter, 84
made his Efcape with tf'llliam and Robert Lefties in Beggars Garments ; came to Eng-
land, preached at Berwick, then at Neivcajlle, then at London, and the South Parts of Eng-
land, where he remained till the Death of Ediiuard VI. 85
• left England, paft to Geneva, called to be Preacher at Frankfort, where he remained
till accufed of Trcafon by the Engitjh Refugees, returned to Geneva, thence to liiepe, 86
Returns to iVof/a«^ in the End of the Year 1553, preaches in Edinburgh fecretly in
Jamex Sym's Houfe, where Letbington, Laird of Dun.^c. Men of Learning, attended him,
goes to Dun at the Laird's Defire, afterwards refidcs at Calder, where repaired unto him,
Argyle, Lord James afterwards Earl oi Murray ; came to Kyle and taught in Air, and
adminiflred the Sacrament at the Earl of Glencairris Deiire, came Tylajion, where he alfo
adminiftred the Sacrament ; returned to Calder, from thence departed to Dun, where moft
Part of the Gentlemen of the Mearns communicated with him, gr
fummoned before the Biftiops 1 5th May, but Diet not held, wrote a Letter to the Queen
Dovaager, 52
called to Geneva, took leave of his Congregation and of the Earl of Argyle, and lb
left Scotland in July, burnt in Bffigie for Non-compearance, made his Appellation to tlie
Nobility and Commonalty of .yro/tow^, and caufed print the fame, 93
-— Letter to the Proteftant Nobility oi Scotland, dated at Diepe, i^ihPSlober 1557, 98
— arrives from France 2d May 1559, defires to alRH his Brethren at their Trial, and to
give aConteffion of his Faith with them. 127
— his Oration to the Lords of the Congregation at St. JobnJIon. 135
preaches at Fertb, June 1559, oppofed by the Bilhop of St. Andrews, preaches in St.
Andrev)S, June 1 oth 15 59, j ^q
his Letter to the Queen Regent dated at Edinburgh 26th Oaober i j 59. 179
• his Sermon, 19 j
liis Letter to Sir TFilliam Cecil 10th April isso> •C>4
his fecond Letter to Sir TFilliam Cecil. 209
his Letter to Queen Elizabeth iSih July 1559, 210
his Anfwer to Sir William Cecil's writing, 213
his Letter to my Lord Duke and the Lords at Glajgovc, St. Andrews 6th February 1559, 515
preaches againft Idolatry, 287
iiis Converfation with the Queen, a88
his Opinion of the Queen, - 292
preaches a Sermon which gives Offence to the Queen, 308
called before her on that account, and has a Conference with her, 309
appointed by the General Aflembly Commiffioner loKyle and Galloway, and Mr. George
Hay to Carrick and Cuningbame, 316
r goes to Kitbfdale and Galloway, confers with the Mafter of Maxviel, writes to the
Duke of Chattleraitlt, dilputes with the Abbot of Corfragytel, 3 1 S
• — his Conlerence with the Queen, 326
- his Letter to the Earl oi Argyle, dated Glafgcm^ih May 1563. 328
- Differences roiit him and the Earl oi Murray, Hs firee Sermon before the Nobility in the
Parliament 1563, for which he is accufed to the Queen, a Conterence 'twin her and him, 331
KnoH
I N D B X.
'Page
inox (John) his Letter convocating the Brethren in all Parts to afllfl in the Trial of ^ndreiv
^rmjfrong and Patrick Cranfton, •^36
which is intercepted and put in the Hands of the Queen, ;37
accufed of Trealbn, brought before the Council and acquitted, 338
relu'es to make any ContefTion of a Crime, •^,44
is approven by the General Allembly for writing forfaid Letter, ibid.
\asStrmonhtioxel\m% Henn Steviart oi Scotland, who was fo difpleafed, that he re- ^
fufed his Dinner ; commanded to come to the Council, defired to abflain from preaclmit; lor
13 or eo Days, refufes 3S1
prays publickly for the Nobility that were banilTied in 1565, and is approven by Secre- '•*■
tary Lethhigton, . ' .389"
Letter to the Queen Regent of Scotland, 4 j -<
his Appellation from the Eiihops to the Nobility and Z&.iizsoi Scotland, 407
his Appellation to the Commonalty, 451
his Firft Blaft of the Trumpet, 468
Contents of the fecond Blafl, 487
Letter to his Brethren at EdinburFh, ilj//_
Jiyle, zealous Letteri from the Proteftants there, and other Places of the Weft, to their Bre-
thren of Edinburgh, Dundee, Fyfe, and ^ngiis and Mearns, againft Idolatry, 369
Kylwinning (Abbot of) obtains Pardon from King Hen^y and Queen Mary for the Duke of
Chattlerault and bis Friends and Servants, upon Condition that, he ihould go to France, 389
r.
Leith (Indwellers) accufed of Ilerefy, ann, 1534, viz. Sn TFllliam Kirk Prieft, Adam Daes,
Henry Cairns, John Stewart, together with IMr. ffilliam Jubnjion Advocate, and Mr. Hen-
ry Henderjbn Schoolmafler of Edinburgh, 2 1
• befeiged, a Mutiny among the Befeig'ers, who were in great Want of Money to carry on
the feige, fend the Laird of Ormiftoitn fecretly to Berviick, to prevail «'ith Sir Ralph Sadler
and Sir James Crofts to fuppjy them ; their Purpofe difcovered to the Queen, who prevails
with the Earl ofBotlrj-e/ to intercept the faid Laird of Crmijioun in his Return, who furprizes
him and wounds, and r6bs him of the Sum of 4000 Crowns of the Sun, fent from Etigland
for their Supply, i SS
Zrennox (Earl) arrives from France, is put in Hopes to be made Governor, and that the Qu^en
Dowager (hould marry him, is fruftrate of his Expeftations he had from France and Cirdinal
■ Beaton, deferts the French Faftion, and feeks the Favour of England ; makes a Party a-
.gainft the Earl of Arran Governor, is difappointed of his Delign, and narrowly efcapes, 5S"
goes to England, received under the Proteftion of King Henry VIII. who gave him to ''
Wife Lady Margaret Douglas his Nice, Mother to Henry Lord Darnley, Husband to Queen
Mary of Scotland, 42
— and his Lady committed to the Tower of London, (or trafficking with Papirt.';, 511
eadea\ours to prevail with Queen Mary's Courtiers, to prtjmote his Son Lord Dantley's
Marriage with the Queen, 324.
obtains Liberty to r-eturn to Scotland, by the Means of Secretary T.ethi-igtnn, (bid. '
Qomtshickio Scotland al'ter a long Exile, is gracioully received by the Qiecn, 3O7
~ — applies to the Queen for. the Trial of the Earl Bothive/, for his Son tlie King's Munher, who
appoints a Day for his Trial, who is tried, the Names of his Inqueft or Adrze, is acquitted by
them topleafe t)ie Queen, notwithftanding the manifeft Evidences of his Guilt, 405
LeJJy (John) Brother to the Earl of Rothes, threatens to revenge the Death of Mr. If^ijloeart,
againft CixAmTX Beaton, comes to St. Andrevjs, 28th May 1546, joins with Norman Lejly
his Nephew, eldeft Son to the E.x\ of Rothes, mAlFilliam Kiriialdy younger of Grange,
who leize the Cartle of St. Andrevjs, and Hay the Cardinal, 6^
jteJlyC Gorman) and Laird of G)-rt;7_§;f, imprifoned in the Caftleof iT/.vY/.ri;;;;^ in France, WW,-
am Kii'kaldy, Petei- Carmichel in St. Michel, Mr. Hen y Balnaves m Rowen, •■•.•v;' ih' ■ g j :•
LeJly (John) Parlbn of Une, afterwards Abbot of Lindnres and Billiop Rofs, declines to mifwcr
the Arguments againrt the Mafs, before the Conrention of the Nobiliiv, 1 5<jo-i; - ■ ^^z.
JLethington difpleafed with the Conduftof Ibme Minirters with rdpecl to (he Queen, -,14
returns from his Negotiations in £«jfo7Z^ and Fr«ffiV', ■;34
Lin (John) a Gray Frier deferts the monaftick Life, and lurns Proteflant, -22
Z.ocW;«r? (IMr. ^-^/^xr.) Brother to the Laird of i(ar killd at tiic Seige of /.t/./;, ,22s
Lockhart (Mr. Robert) endeavours to make an Agreement betwixt the Qiiein Repent, aiiJ Lords
of the Congregauon, without Succefs, \jc)
Lollards of Kyle- d^caAtd of l\'!tefy, ann. '494, • i:
Lothian (Superinteiidant oQ his Supplication to the Queen againfJ Idolittr^'. to \^■hlul th:- Queen
gives her Anfwer by Secretary Z.c'ri)»;£to«, ^70 ■
I N Ti E X.
' '^^ 'Page
Lotbtan fSuperintendant olj convee ns the Miniftcrs under his Charge at Edinburgh.iH OHober
1 56^4'upplicatcs the Kingand Qi:cen lor I'a.vment of their Siipends, gets a fair Anl'wer, 387
i.Uff</i^ ^Laird of) his lite Speech in the General Alffnibly, 1564, 2^1
M.
Mackatcus (John) a learned Man, Hies for Religion into Detvnark, in greet Efleem with the
Lbnjitan Kinf, ot' Denir.ark. aa
M'CiU (,Mr. James Ijjrd Rti;iftcr) embraces the Proteftant Religion, and is conftant in it, 269
Marjhal (Earl of) liis notable S]cech when he voted for the cflablilhing the Proteliaiu Religion
1560. , 2J3
Mary (Queen) Daughter to King James V. born at LitLf^cnv, December 8th 1542, 31
her Marri.ii^e with KdituirU Trinrc of If'ales folemnly concluded 'twixt Larl {£ Arran
Governor, and Ralph Sadler Ambaliador from England, and ratiried under the Great Seals
of both Scotland md Englatid, 35
her Mar riaj;e with the King of /ranr^ and prelent Delivery, for which the Governour got
the Dutch)- of Chctlerault, wiih tlie On^er of the Cockle, and a full Diicharge of his Intro-
miirioDs witli King James Vs Tre:ilure, Qc. and Poflellion of the Caftle of Dumbarton, 80
Mary C^een of Scotland declines to ratify the Treat) at Leitb with England, 274
arrives in Scotland 19th uingtijl, 1 j6i, lets up Mafs the a4tb Ditto, which was ill taken
by many Protcftam.% -iAim.i' 283
chufes her Privy Council, takes a Tour thro" the Country, is futnptuoully entertain 'd at
Edinbtir^b, 292
— in Terror of armed Men in tlie Court pf her Palace, 294
— in great Joy upon Account of the Dulce of Guije, Q'c. in France, 308
tales a Tower to the North of Scotland, 315
— comes to Aberdeen, is met b) the Larl of Huntly and his Lady, is offended that Jobn
Gordon, Son to the faid Earl, does not enter again in Ward in the Caftel of Stirling, acceli
to the Cadle of Jnvernej's is lefulLd to the Queen, for wliichthe Captain of it, named Gor-
don, is hangd, 318
— returns to EJinlurgb, 321
makes a Tour to theWefl, 334
her Family in her Abfeace fet up the Mafs publicity at Edinburgh in Contempt of the
Proteftants, 335
Iter Apothecary and Woman h ng'd for murdering a new born Child, 345
goes to Atbole 10 the Hunting, 367
— — goes to Fife, is magnificently entertain'd by the Nobility and Gentry there, 368
iliews great Signs ot' Love to the Lord Darnlcy, fends Lethington to the Queen of Eng-
land, to declare her Intention to marry the Lord Darnley, 369
■ is difpleafed with the Magtftrates of Edinburgh for punifhtng Carvat a Popifh Pricft ; her
Letter to the Magiftrates of Edinburgh to excite them to dojuftice againf^ the Raifers of a
Tumult there, charges the Mngiftrates of Edinburgh 10 fa Carvat the Prielt at Liberty, 371
dcftres the Earl of Murray to conlent to the Lord Darnley's receiving the Crown matri-
monial, takes lus Anfwer in ill Part, 371
— her Marriage with Lord Z)arH/^ propofed in Council and alfented to by the Chief of the
, Nobility, presiding Religion be fecurred ; Ihe makes fail Proinifes to them on that Head, and a
Convention of the Nobility are appointed to meet at Ferth the laft of May, 373
calls for the Super-inteodants 13th May 1565, promifes to hear Difputafion concerning Re-
ligion, and to hear Sermons from Proteftani Mmifters, particularly the Laird of Dun, ibid.
her Anfwrr to fome Articies prefentcd by the General Alleinbly which met in June 1565,
hears a Proteftant Sermon at baptizing a Child of the Lord LivingtloHs, fends a Meflage to
. the Magiftrates of Edinburgh to imprifon leveral Burgefles of the Town, and caufes the Lord
Treafurer take an Inventary of the fatd BurgelTes Goods, w liich is very difplealing to the In-
h.ibitanis, 376
"—7- difpleafed at a Meeting of fome of the Nobility, 15th June 1563, write» to feveral Gen-
tlemen thro' the Kingdom to attend her in Arms, 379
makes a I'riKlamation declaring that ilie had no Intention to alter Religion, creates the Lord
Darnley Duke of RotheJ'ay, the Banns of Marriage proclaimed 'twiit lier and the Lord
Darnley, complains of the Earl of AUtrray; fends a Mellage to him to come to her, which
he declines becaufe many of his Enemies were at Court, ibid.
makes Proclamation, that Prmce Heitry Dute of Rotbefay, &c. iier Husband fliould be 0-
beyed and reverenced as King, . 380
-" is marritd at ffoly-roodn'jouje bv the Dean of Rejlalrig, ibid.
inducet tlie Earl of Lennox, At hole and Crjjils to go to Mafs openly in her Chapel, 389
♦**♦ a Mary
INDEX,
Tagt
Mary Queen of Scotland allows feme Friers, viz. Abercromby and Roger, to preach,
but were little efteemed, and foon gave it over, 390
• her Love waxes cold to her Husband King Henry, and caufes put her own Name before
his in all Writs, caufes make a Seal like the King's, and gi\-es it to Rizio, 392
diflembles her Difpleafure at the Death of Rizio, goes to Seton and Dunbar, and carries
the King about with her, 394
comes back to Edinburgh with the King, 1 8th March, with 8000 Men in dieir Compa-
ny, a great many leave the Town for Fear of Danger, 395
— difpofes of the Church Benefices to Courtiers, Dancers and Flatterers, gives Melrofs, Had-
dingtoun and New-bottle, together with the Caftle of Dunbar, and principal Lands of the
Earldom of March, to Bothwel, 396
caufes put to Death a Man called Hary as acceffary to Rizio's Slaughter, 399
falls extremely fick when vifiting the Earl of Bothivel ; conftitutes the Duke of Chattkrault
and Earl of Murray Regents if Ihe (hould die at that Time, is vifited by her Husband King
Henry, who gets a cold Reception from her, ibid.
goes to the Borders, comes near to Berwick, and is faluted by the Ordnance thereof, comes
to Craig-millar and makes Preparation for the Baptifm of the Prince, 400
goes to Glajgovj to vilit her Husband, tarries with him lix Days, deceives him, bringS him
into Edinburgh with fair Words, lodges him at the Church of Field, frequently vifits him
there, every Body wonders at this Hidden Recanciliation, but he is murder 'd 9th February
1 566-7 and the Houfe blov/n up with Gun-powder, 404
, defires Mr. John Craig Minifter of Edinburgh to publilh the Banns of Matrimony 'twixt
her and Bothwel ; his Reafons againft the Lr.wfulnefs of that Marriage, 40S
is married to Bothivel i5jh May 1567 by theBilhop of Orkney, ibid.
publifhes a Proclamation agaLift the Lords who join'd againft Botlmiel, marches from Dunbcr
with an Army of 5000 Men, is met by the Lords at Carberry Hill, where Bothwel offers
a Challenge to any that would fight with him, the Challenge accepted by two Gentlemen, whom
he refufes as not being Peers of the Realm •, Challenge accepted by the Lord Lindfay ; he indu-
ces the Queen to forbid him to fight him ; the Army refufes to fight in Favours of Botl/wel, Ihe
fends him off and keeps a Parley with the Lords till he was out of Danger ; and furrenders
^ herfelf to the Lords, 40i^
is put under Reftraint by the Lords, carried to Edinburgh, and from thence fent to the Caftle
o£ Loch-levin, 410-
Maxwel (Mafter of) put to the Horn for converfmg with the Earl o£ Murray and the reft of the
Nobility who had left the Court of King Henry and Queen Mary, 386
Meffen {Paul) accufed of Adultery, Commiffion to John Knox and fome Elders of Edinburgh,
to take Trial of the faid Scandal at Jedburgh, and to report to the Seflion of Edinburgh, to
whom, with the Affiftance of the Superintendant of Lothian, Commiffion was given to de«
terinine therein ; is convift, flies and takes the Crime upon him, is excommunicate for his o-
dious Crime and Contumacy, 323
Mill {Whiter) fometime a Popilli Prieft, a Man of great Age, put to Death by the Bilhop of St.
^Krfrfw/ for the Proteftant Religion, 28th ^pril, i}}%, 122
Minifters equally diftributed thro' the Kingdom, ^nno 1560, 230
ill ufed by the Flatterers of the Court, 347
Mob make a Playcalled Robin Hood, which was condemned by Parliament, refufe to obey the
Magiftrates, make a Mutiny and moleft the Inhabitants of Edinburgh, break open the Prifon
and refcue the Malefactors, infult the Magiftrates, encouraged by the CraftCnen, are excommu-
nicate untill fuch Time as they fatisfyed the Magiftrates and Kirk, 26^-
Murray (Earl) refufes to fign the Bond in Defence of the Queen and Bothwel, obtains Liberty
to go to France, 407
•r arrives from France in Augufl 1767, endeavours to unite the Lords who had join'd for
the young King, accepts the Regency 20tli ^uguji 1567, and is proclaimed Regent that
Day. 4J2
N.
Nobility of Scotland refule to invade England with the French, 93
their Letters of Invitation to Mr. Knox to return to Scotland, ioihMarch 1536. 97
■ Comemoa of theimt Edij^urgh, si^ January 1560, 261
convinced of the Fallhood of Popery, 262
fend Lord James Prior of St. Andrews to France to Queen Mary, ibid.
appoint the Meeting of a Parliament, 20th May 1561, ibid.
meet at Air, 15th of Auguft 1565, where they refolve to be in Readinefs with their
whole Forces, 24th of faid Month, , 380
Nobi-
J N 'D E X.
Paet
Nobilitv of Scotland are prevfntcdof Meetinr.by the Quccn.who proclairm them Rebels, and or-
ders all Men of Lothian. I i/e, .4n^us, Sc. to meet their Maje/lies the faid 24th ^u/^tift, 30©
meet at iaiflei, go to Hamilton, from thence come to Edinburgh, where few joined
th-m. write to the King and Queen, complaining of their hard Ufage, are wUling to fubmit
themllrlves to Trial, inl.ft that the true Religion may be eftablifhed, ^c. ,gj
leave Edinburgh, go to HGir.ilton, Uota thence to Dumjrai, fend Propofitions to the
King and Queen, which are negletlcd, ^gg
go to Caryk, . jj
are kindly received in England, by the Earl of Bedford, Queen Eli7.aheth'% Lieutenant
Ufon the Borders, fend the Earl of Murray to Quern Elizabeth, who has Difficulty to get
Acceti 10 her, at Uft obtains it, but ihe refufes to give the Lords of his Party any Support,
and denies Ihe had promiled it, which the Earl of Murray affirms (he had done, both bv her
Ambaflbdor and Hand-writing, takes his Leave of her, and comes to \ewcaple upon Jy^e
where the rcrt of the Lords were, . ^ ' -f^.j
fummoned to appear for Treafon and Leafe Mhjeft}-, 4th February 1565-6. ,|^
ufe all tlieir Luercft to be received into Favour, A:j
Articles deviled againft them, and the QiR-en deligns they ftiould be attainted and forfeited, -im
10 \oi\\tTo\\x>o{\\o( EJinburgb March 12th, and proteft that their Trial was fallen froin, 304
■ joyn againft Eothwel, defign to befeige the Caftle of Bortbwick, where he was with the'
Queen, but he makes his tlcape to Dunbar,
come to Edinburgh, are Maftexs of the Town, publifti a Proclamation, iith June 1567
againli Botb^^el, '
apply to the General AfTembly, that they may interpofe with the Hamiltons and others of
the Lords, who refufe to join with them, in Defence of the young Prince, ^c. 410
agree on feveral Articles, ' *
fend the Lords Lindfay and Ruthven to the Queen, to prefent unto her two Writes. Ftrjt
A Renunciation of the Crown in favours of her Son, Qjc- Second, To conftitute the Earl of
Murray Regent, Qc. which Ihe yields to with Reluftancy ; thefe Writes publilhed at Edin-
burgh 29th July 1 567.
4XS
O.
Oration and Petition of the Proteftantsof Scotland to the Queen Regent, ,,„
Orleance (Mask of) defcribed, '
Ormifton, ©f. (Lairds of) biniihed and forfeited, alfo all that were in the Caflle of St. Andrews 80
D' OJJel marches againft the Proteilanis to St. jobnfion, '
I
P.
Paijley (Abbot of) Baftard Brother to the Earl of ytrran Governor, gives him ill CounclF,
and by whole Advice he dilmilfed his Froteftants Friends from Court, who had advanced him'
• 10 the Government,
3>
36
by his Praftices and Cardinal Beaton's the Contraft of Marriage betwixt our Queen and
• Prince £da./7rrf is broken by the Earl of ^rra« Governor,
^ -^ "kes the Udy Stenbonfe from her Husband, and lives a very flagitious Life 11
/ ' T'^^ ^"!L°P ^.^ ^(- -Andrews, excommunicates and caufes denounce Rebels,' fuch as were
acceflor)- to Cardinal Beaton s IVath,
(Abbacy of; burnt by the Earls ot ^rran. Argyle and Glencairn,
66
Panter {David) Biihop ot Rofs his Death, ' ?
diflUades the Popiih Clergy from difputing with the Proteftants, ?,
Papifts endeavour to raife new Troubles in Scotland, ' "'
intend to take Edinburgh before the Meeting of Parliament in May 1 561, but are pre- ^^'^
vented by the Protertants, *^ ,
are very infolent, anno 1564, make a fuperftitious Evening Song, which gave great Of.
• fence to the Froteftants, ' ,
Parliament under Earl o( ^rran Governor 1543, make an Aft allowing all Men and Women to ^
read the Scriptures in the Erglijb Tongue,
-i^ fend Sir James Lermont and Mr. Henry Balnaves their Commiilioners to HenriVm ^*
of England to treat of the Marriage betwixt his Son and Queen Mary of Scotland who a-
greed upon all the Articles of the Marriage, except the Delivery of the young Quee'n Earl
oi Glencairn and Sr George Douglas are added to the laid Commillion,
35
66
meets and was very numerous, *'£.
Par-
holden in the Abbay of Haddington in order to agree to the Marriage of the Queen with
the French King, ^-
— appointed to meet 2$^ July 1560.
1 N T> E X.
Farliaincnt eftablilhes the Proteftant Religion.and ratifies the Confeflion of Faith Jj^/y 17th 1560,
only three Lords of the Temporal Eftate voting againft it, viz. the Earl of ^thole. Lords'
Somervile and Bortlmick, 239 253
Aft againft the Mafs 10th July ij6o, 254
^ Aft for aboliining the Jurifdiftion of the Pope the fame Day, 255
Anfwers to the Objeftions made againft them, ,-jj^_
fend Ambaffadors to England, the Heads of whofe Commiflion are narrated, 257
meets May i 563, in which the Earl of Hiintly and fereral of his Kinfmen are forfeited,
the Laird of Gr/JH^d- and others rcrtored, pafsanAftof Oblivion, but do nothing more for
the Eftabliftiment of Religion, _ ^^q
meet December 1 504, m which the Earl of Lennox is reftored to his Eftate and Honours, 368
proclaimed :ij,''inft 20th July 1 565, ^^^
Peace contrai^d betwixt Scotland, England and France, 87
Perth alias-St. Jobnfton, embraces the Reformation, 126
Petition given into tile Parliament by Proteftants, , 22
froteftants meet May 27th 1 561, and draw up Articles to be prefentedio the Parliament, 271
refolved to defend themfelves 1565, 5^5
Proteftation made in Parliament by the Froteftants refufed to be recorded, 1 24
Provoft of Edinburgh, David Kirk, David Barber, Laird of Stemus, &c. flain by the
Frenchmen, 82
comes to the Palace of Halynidehoufe with 500 Men upon Ae Report of the Slaughter
of Rizio, is commanded to go home by King Henry, 393
Queen Dowager paft to France by Sea With the Earls of Huntlie, Glencairn, Marjbal, Caf-
Jils, Lords Maxwel, Fleming, Sir George Douglas, &c. whereof few returned, 88
made Regent after her Return 1554, 89
deals deceitfully with the Proteftants, 122
: — — - caufes fumnion the Proteftant Minifters to undergo their Trial, but at the Interceffion of
the Earl of Glencairn and Sir Hugh Campbel of Loudon, (he delays the fummons, 1 26
defires the Lord Ruthven Provofl of Perth to fupprefs the Reformation, which he de-
clines to do, ibid.
— defires Mr. James Haliburton Provoft of Dundee to apprehend Paul Meffan, of
which he gives Advertifement to the faid Paul, who makes his efcape, ibid.
-r— orders the Preachers to compear at Stirling loth May i$s9> ibid.
puts the Preachers to the Horn, 1 27
charges by her Heralds all Men to leave the Town of Perth under Pain of Treafon, J 36
deals treacheroully after her Agrefement with the Proteftants at Perth laft May issgt *39
^oes to Falkland with a great Number of Frenchmen, intends to come to Coupar, but is
hindered by the Lords of the Congregation, 1 4 1
emits a Proclamation againft the Lords of the Congregation, which highly offending them.
they write a Letter to her in their own Vindication, dated udjuly 1559. ^'t?
caufes Mafs to be fet up at Holyriidehoufe, I59
— ' difchavges Payment to fuch of the Canons of Cambuskeneth as had forfaken Popery, alfo
difcharges Payment to the Abbot of Lindores, becaufe he had joined with the Proteftants, ibid.
breats the Articles of Agreement with the Proteftaiits, ibid.
- writes a flattering Letter to the Duke of Chattlerault loth Auguft 1559, and likewife to
every Lord, Baron and Gentleman in Scotland, 160
brings in Bands of French Soldiers, emits a Proclamation to deceive the People, 20th
^uguji isS9> *'5i
fortifies Leith againft the Lords of Congregation contrary to Agreement, 169
fends an Anfwer to the Lords by Sir R obert Carnegy and Mr. David Eorthwick, who
advifed the Duke of Chattlerault to fubmit himfelf to the Queen, which he refufes, 17O
endeavours to withdraw the Gentlemen of the Country from the Lords of the Congrega-
tion, and to divide them among themfelves ; writes to Lord James prior of St. Andreins
by Mr. John Spence of C^nde 30th September 1 559, 171
emits a Proclamation againft the Lords of the Congregation, 173
fends Mr. Robert Forman Lion King at Arms to the Lords of the Congregation, and by
him commands all fuch as affift the Duke of Chattlerault and Lords of the Congregation to
dt^znfxom Edinburgh. This Order dated at Z«>i 21ft OiSoJfr 1559, iSjs
depofed by the Lords of the Congregation, 184
goes to the Caftle of Edinburgh, 225
- fits upon the Fore-wall of the Caftle of Edinburgh, and rejoices at the Slaughter of the
Etiglifb and Scots at the AiTault on Leith, 227
Queeo
INDEX.
Qneeo Dovoager her Sicknefs encrcales. defires to fpeak with Monfieur d'Ofell, which is rcfufed,
a Lener of hers intercepted by the Lord Gray, (he defires to fpeak with the Earli oi ^rg^!c\
Glencairn, Afar/Tjij/ and Lord Jjwf/, which is allowed, regratcs to them her illCondua, and
that Matters were Cbme to that Extremity ; they defired her to find for fome Rodly Perfon
to give her Inftruiflion in her Extremity ; (he fends for John ff^illock Minifter, and converfes
with him for fome Time, confefles that there is no Salvation but in and by the Death of
Chrift, and foon after dies upon 9th of June 1 560, S2S
1 her Corpfe carried to drawer igthOftober 1560, 271
Quertion debated betwixt the Miniflers and Courtiers, whether Subjefts might fupprefs the Idola-
try of their Prince, 29 J
k.
Haitb (Laird of) beheaded for writing to his Son in England, gj
RambouUet comes AmbalTador from France with the Order of the Cockle for King Henry, 391
Randolph (Tbo.) Agent for Queen fllizabeth in Scotland. 302
Reid {Adam) one of the Lollards oi Kyle his bold and godly Anfwers to his Accufation, 5
Ri7.io {David) his Rife in the Court of QueeaA/ary 1364, 348
rules all in Court, 374
is higher exalted in Court, and nothing done without his Advice, 389
great Lnemy to the Proteftant Religion, 3go
1 Iain by the Earl of Mor/oH, Lord Ruthven, Lord Lindfay, Mafter of Ruthven, &c.
upon the 9th of March i j&5-6, 392
defigned by the Queen to be made Chancellor next Seflion of Parliament, 393
was advifed by John Daniel a French Prieft to leave Scotland, but deipifed the^dvice, ibid.
Rothes (Earl of J and Laird of Gra;^^, &c. put to the Horn, ▼ 381
Rujjel {Jerome) a Cordelier Frier with Kennedy of 18 Years of Age in the Diocefe
of Glafgow, accufed and burnt for alledged Herefy, 22
S.
Saidler (Ralph) fent Ambaflador by Henry VIIL to the Earl of Arran Governor, to treat
of a Marriage twixt Ed'-xard Prince of If- ales, and Queen Mary of Scotland, 3 j
Sanderfon appointed to be carted for Bigamy, but relcued by the Mob, 269
Sandilands (Sir James Ixivd of St. John) fent to France, by the Parliament 1 j6o, to get their
Afts ratified by Francis IL and Queen Mary, which is refijfed by them, 252
Scot Ci'fcomfl/ J Juftice Clerk dies in great Terror, and afterwards appears to King James V.
with a company of Devils, 23
Sea ftood ftill, and neither ebbed nor flowed for 24 Hours, in February 1563, and fome other
Prodigies, 346
Semple (Lord) difobeys the Laws and Ordinances of tte Council, for which Realbn his Caftle
is befeiged and taken, 237
Semple (John) called the Dancer, his Marriage to Mary Living/ion one of the Queen's Maids
of Honour, 343
Seyton (Alexander) Black Frier. Confeflbr to King Jame/ V. accufed for Herefy. dies to £n-
^/an/^, his Letter to that King, 16 ig
Sinclair (Oliver) a Penfioner to the Priefts, and a great Enemy to the Reformation, 23
made Lieutenant General at the Battle of Solivay Mofs, 19
- ■ is ftiameflilly defeat by 300 Englifb, tho' 10,000 ftrong, 30
is much reflected on by King James V. ma.
Sinclair (John) Dean of Rejfalrig preaches found Doftrine at firft, but foon after diJtovers his
Hypocrify. 97
Sinclair {Mr. John) Bilhopof .Ro/jdies, 396
Stipends appointed to be modified to Miniflers. 301
Straiton and Gourly two Gentlemen hang'd and burnt for Herefy 27th Auguft 1534, 2a
Summons by the poor Widows, Orphans, Blind, Lame, ^c. againft the Monks and Friars ift
January 1558, 1C59
againft Papifts, who are brought before the Jufticiary Coun 9th May 1563 ; they fubmit
to the Queen's Pleafure, and are imprifoned, 329
Superintendents the Form and Order of their EleAion 9th March 1 560-1, 263
• and other Miniflers fupplicate the QiJeen for their Stipends, who promises to take Order
with it when the Council jreets, 396
Sweden (King of) fends an Ambaflador with Propofals of Maniage to Queen Mary, which
are rejefted by her, 3 1 1
•*•«• z Thtak-
I N .D E X.
Thankfeiying (Form of) for the Deliverance from the French Tyranny, i j6o, 23 s
Throgmorton {Sk Nicholas ) Ambaflador from Queen EHzabelh znives in Scotland 1565, gets
Audience of the Queen, and reprefents his Miftrefs's Difpleafure at her intended Marriage
with the Lord £)firKfey. 373
W.
JFdllace (Adam) his Accufation, and Anfwers, is burnt in tlie Caftle-hill for pretended Herefv, 8S
ff^illock (John) preaches in Edinburgh, Endeavours ufed to hinder him from preaching in the
Kirk of St. Gilef, to which the Proteftant Lords refufe to yield, 1 jS
JFijbeart (Qeorge) comes to Scotland ami. i 544, a Man of great Learning and Piety, begins
to preach «t Montrofe and Dundee, from thence goes to the Weft, is oppofed by tlie Bifhop of
Glajgow at Air, fupported by the Earl of Glencairn, and the Laird of Lifnorries another
Gentleman of Aj/«', preaches at the Market Crofs of Air, in the Kirk of Mauchlin, and in
the .Bar, converts Laurance Ranking of Sbiel, leaves Kyle, and returns again to Dundee,
when he heard it was infefted with the Plague, whofe coming was very comfortable to the In-
habittnts, preaches to them.vifits them who were at the very Point of Death of the Peftilence.and
takes fpecial Care of the Health of thofe that were ficl; ; the Cardinal corrupts a Prieft, named Sir
John ff^ghtownio murder him.who is prevented by Mr. George himfelfand hinders the People
to fall upon him ; leaves Dundee and goes to Montrofe, where there are Attempts made a-
gainft his Life by Cardinal Beaton's Means, but the Defign difcovered and prevented ; he pro-
phefies anent the Progrefs of Religion in Scotland, and concerning his own Death ; goes from
thence to St. Johnfton or Perth, from thence to Leitb, where he pleached ; afterwards he re-
fided for feme Time in the Houfes of Bninjion, Latigniddry and Ormijion, preaches at the
Kirk of inverask, and is lupported by Sir George Douglas, is difturbed in his Sermon by two
Gray Friers, preaches in Tranent and in Haddington, where the People were hindred to hear
him, by the Earl of Botbvjel, inftigated thereto by the Cardinal, gets a Letter from the Gentle-
men of the Weft, which difcourages him ; he prophefies concerning the Calamities which
Ihould befall Haddington, is apprehended by the Earl of Bothwel at Ormijloun, bribed by the
Cardinal Beaton, takes his Leave of the Laird of Lang-niddry, John Knox, Qic. is deliver-
ed to the Earl Bothivel, upon Promife of the Safety of his Life, is carried by the Earl Both-
•met to the Houfe of Elpbingfton, where the Cardinal was, who fent armed Men to apprehend
the Laird of Calder, the Laird of Brunfton, and the Laird of Ormijion, the Laird of Brunt-
Jioun efcaped, and the other two apprehended, and long keeped in Prifon in the Caftle of E-
etinburgh, 43 ^- SO
is delivered to Cardinal Beaton, carried from Edinburgh, and imprifoned in the Sea
Tower of St. Andreviss, the Ead of January 1546, where he lies until the ift of March
thereafter, the Cardinal having convocated all the Bilhops and Clergy the penult of February, ibid,
. His Procefs and Trial, containing his Oration.his Accufation and Anfwers,his laft Prayer,
his Martydom, and-feveral Sentiments about it, 5^
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